𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Friday, April 09, 2021
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╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⦿ EPOLeaks on Misleading the Bundestag  -  Part 11: The BMJV’s Tweedledee: Dr Christoph Ernst | Techrights

⦿ News Sites That Talk About Patents Have Become Shameless Self-Promotion ’Plugs’ by Law Firms (and Sometimes Outright ‘Spam’ for Litigation) | Techrights

⦿ Hate Letter Against Richard Matthew Stallman (RMS) Backfired So Spectacularly That Signers Asked to Revoke Their Own Signatures and the List Was Then Frozen Permanently (Updated) | Techrights

⦿ IBM Doubles Down on Masters Being an Acceptable Word in the Context of Technology | Techrights

⦿ The Letter in Support of the FSF and Richard Stallman is Backed by the International Community, Not American Monopolies and Nationalistic Elements | Techrights

⦿ IRC Proceedings: Thursday, April 08, 2021 | Techrights

⦿ Gemini Over IPFS (Decentralised Web, Accessed Over Gemini Protocol) | Techrights

⦿ EPOLeaks on Misleading the Bundestag — Appendix (Benoît Battistelli’s Vichy Syndrome): Georges Henri Léon Battistelli and Charles Robert Battistelli | Techrights

⦿ The Libel Against Richard Stallman Did Not Age Well | Techrights

 ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/bundestagate-part-11/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/dying-news-sites/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/hate-always-backfires/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/ibm-credibility-issues/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/international-fsf/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/irc-log-080421/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/peer-to-peer-gemini/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/racist-uncle-vichy/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/rms-libel/#comments

 ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/ffmpeg-4-4-released/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/hpvm-1-0/#comments

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 72

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/bundestagate-part-11/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/bundestagate-part-11/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Part_11:_The_BMJV’s_Tweedledee:_Dr
Christoph_Ernst⠀✐


Posted in Deception, Europe, Law, Patents at 2:43 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Series index:


   1. The_EPO_Bundestagate_—_Part_1:_How_the_Bundestag_Was_(and_Continues_to
      be)_Misled_About_EPO_Affairs
   2. The_EPO_Bundestagate_—_Part_2:_Lack_of_Parliamentary_Oversight,_Many
      Questions_and_Few_Answers…
   3. The_EPO_Bundestagate_—_Part_3:_A_“Minor_Interpellation”_in_the_German
      Bundestag
   4. The_EPO_Bundestagate_—_Part_4:_Parroting_the_GDPR-Compliance_Myth
   5. The_EPO_Bundestagate_—_Part_5:_The_Federal_Eagle’s_Disconcerting
      Metamorphosis
   6. EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Part_6:_Dr_Petri_Starts_the_Ball
      Rolling…
   7. EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Part_7:_Ms_Voßhoff_Alerts_the
      Bundestag…
   8. EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Part_8:_The_EPO’s_Tweedledum,
      Raimund_Lutz
   9. EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Part_9:_A_Veritable_Virtuoso_of
      Legal_Sophistry
  10. EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Part_10:_A_Faithful_Lapdog
      Despised_and_Reviled_by_EPO_Staff
  11. You are here ☞ The BMJV’s Tweedledee: Dr Christoph Ernst
                 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Christoph Ernst mugshot⦈
Christoph Ernst, current EPO Vice-President in charge of DG5, formerly head of
             the German delegation to the Administrative Council.


Summary: The right-hand man of António_Campinos plays a role similar to that of
Herr Lutz before him


In this part we turn our attention to the second member of the EPO-Federal
Justice Ministry nexus which derailed the Federal Data Protection
Commissioner’s efforts to reform the EPO’s data protection framework in 2015.


“For the first decade and a half of his career at the Justice Ministry, Ernst
languished in relative obscurity.”The person in question here is Dr_Christoph
Ernst who is another familiar figure to readers of Techrights.


Christoph Ernst was born 1954 in Bremen. After completing legal studies he
started work as an attorney in Bremen, focusing on commercial, economic and
taxation law. In 1989 he obtained the additional qualification of “Fachanwalt
für Steuerrecht” (FAStR), which is a “specialist lawyer in tax law”.


Ernst joined the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection at the end
of 1989 where he initially worked in the Accounting and Auditing Law
Department.


For the first decade and a half of his career at the Justice Ministry, Ernst
languished in relative obscurity. However, some time in the mid-2000s he was
put in charge of a project to reform German corporate accounting law which led
to the adoption in 2009 of the so-called Bilanzrechtsmodernisierungsgesetz
(usually abbreviated to “BilMoG”).


             🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Dr Christoph Ernst younger days⦈
   Prior to his involvement with EPO affairs, Ernst worked on the reform of
                           corporate accounting law.


We leave aside, albeit locally retained for long-term availability, documents
pertaining to IASC [PDF] and “BilMoG” [PDF]. The first is 6 pages long and
entirely in English; the latter a 2-page German language document. Key parts
highlighted below (about Dr. Ernst, not Ernst & Young, the giant firm that is
mentioned there too).


“We shall return to Ernst’s activities in the area of corporate reporting
standards and his public image as a “good governance” guru later on.”During
this time his duties included acting as the German_representative_on_various
international_bodies responsible for approving financial reporting standards,
such as the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) and
the Standards Advisory Council (SAC) of the International Accounting Standards
Board (IASB).


                🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Dr Christoph Ernst at IASC⦈
 Ernst was German representative on various international bodies for approving
                        financial reporting standards.


We shall return to Ernst’s activities in the area of corporate reporting
standards and his public image as a “good governance” guru later on. However,
for the moment we want to focus on the overall career progression which led to
him to become head of the German delegation to the EPO’s Administrative Council
in 2011.


Following his success in leading the “BilMoG” project, Ernst was promoted in
May 2010 to the position of Deputy Director General (“Ministerialdirigent”) in
the Commercial and Intellectual Property Law Department of the Justice
Ministry.


In this position he began to assume duties as the German representative on
various international bodies dealing with IP matters.


In April 2011, shortly after Raimund Lutz had taken up his new post as EPO
Vice-President, Ernst was appointed as his successor to head the German
delegation on the EPO’s Administrative Council.


                 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇11-EPO-OJ-2011:_Ernst_AC⦈_
    In April 2011 Ernst was appointed to head the German delegation on the
                            Administrative Council


Following the 152nd_meeting_of_the_Administrative_Council (warning: epo.org
link) in the Hague on 28 and 29 June 2017, it was announced that the Council
had “unanimously elected Christoph ERNST (DE) to become Chairman of the Council
for 3 years, starting on 1 October 2017″.


“These revelations came in the wake of persistent and credible rumours inside
the EPO that Kongstad had been unlawfully placed on the EPO payroll by Team
Battistelli.”In the German media, Ernst’s appointment as Council Chairman was
described as a “rotation” (“turnusmäßigen Wechsel”) giving the misleading
impression that it was a purely routine passing on of the baton inside the
Administrative Council.


However, the reality is that back in March_2016 (warning: epo.org link) the
Council had re-elected Jesper_Kongstad as its chairman for a term of three
years starting on 1 July 2016. From this it is very clear that the original
game plan of the Council was that Kongstad should continue as Chairman until
July 2019.


But the carpet was pulled out from beneath Kongstad’s feet by the publication
of a series of articles in_the_Danish_Press in October 2016, which revealed
that he was under investigation by the Danish authorities following allegations
of tax evasion.


These revelations came in the wake of persistent and credible rumours inside
the EPO that Kongstad had been unlawfully placed on the EPO payroll by Team
Battistelli. According to the rumours, Kongstad was in receipt of a secret tax-
free five-digit monthly “emolument” equivalent to that of a Principal
Director’s salary.


Some time later in May 2017 it was announced that Kongstad_would_be_stepping
down from his position as director of the Danish Patents and Trademark Office
at the end of September 2017.


“Some time later in May 2017 it was announced that Kongstad would be stepping
down from his position as director of the Danish Patents and Trademark Office
at the end of September 2017.”Kongstad’s sudden and unexpected fall from grace
in Denmark meant that the announcement of Ernst’s appointment as Council
Chairman in June 2017 was anything but a purely routine passing on of the
baton.


On the contrary, this was quite obviously a damage limitation exercise
occasioned by the premature departure of Battistelli's_Danish_protector who had
originally planned to stay around directing the Council until July 2019.


From the perspective of Team Battistelli, the purpose of this exercise from was
to ensure that the EPO Balkan_Express could be kept chugging along without
undue disruption.


In the next part we will look at Ernst’s mysterious rise to prominence in the
governance circles of the European Patent Organisation and review his
disappointing track record as Council Chairman. █


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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠸⡿⠂⣲⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⡇⡀⠐⢚⣯⣴⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠁⠘⢶⣶⣿⣿⠟⠛⢃⡂⣨⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠁⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢁⡀⢀⣶⣾⣿⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣆⠀⠀⢖⣨⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣯⠄⠈⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠔⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠋⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠒⣒⣶⣖⣒⡒⠒⠒⣲⠖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢶⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⡟⡈⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⠇⣃⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⠿⠇⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠀⠤⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣟⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠧⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠀⠀⠁⠌⢸⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠉⠙⠛⠛⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡙⢛⢟⢙⣿⢩⣿⢟⠛⣟⠟⣻⣟⢻⣟⡟⡋⢫⠏⣹⡏⢹⣻⡙⣻⡛⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠾⢷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⠴⢷⢿⣧⢾⣶⢷⣿⣿⡷⢷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⡾⣷⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⢸⢇⢗⣺⣕⢿⣿⢨⢸⢸⣿⢈⢧⢸⢵⢹⢾⣽⣿⢸⣿⢱⣾⢱⡇⣿⢱⣾⢹⢑⣹⣿⢨⡏⣶⡃⡏⢆⡏⣊⡇⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⡟⠛⢻⡟⢛⠛⣿⠛⢛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠶⣿⢷⣾⣶⡿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⢿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣶⡿⢦⣢⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣙⣏⣛⣉⣏⣉⣉⣿⣉⣉⣙⣙⣉⣫⣽
⣿⢸⢸⢹⢱⣿⡇⣿⣿⣥⢱⢸⢑⣹⢱⢹⣼⣋⣹⢸⣽⢰⣭⣽⢋⣙⢰⣽⣿⢸⢿⢰⣽⢱⣽⣿⢨⡕⣏⣚⢩⣯⡊⡇⡏⣊⡏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣼⣧⣭⣥⣇⣬⣤⣿⣥⣬⣍⣬⣭⣿⣿
⣿⣾⣶⣾⣾⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣾⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠉⠛⠻⢿⡿⢋⡉⠙⠟⠋⠹⠻⠛⠟⠿⠛⠏⠙⣿⠋⠙⠛⠿⠻⠟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣤⣴⣤⣭⣷⣬⣥⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣼⣤⣬⣼⣤⣤⣤⣥⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠙⠏⡏⠿⠏⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠹⠿⢹⠿⠿⠟⣿⡿⠻⠿⢻⡏⠿⠿⢿⡏⠙⢿⠿⠿⡿⢹⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠹⠿⠻⠿⠛⠿⠿⠏⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠹⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣠⣀⣇⣸⣀⣅⣤⣡⣠⣸⣠⣀⣌⣨⣀⣇⣋⣧⣄⣸⣸⣇⣼⣸⣸⣇⣠⣌⣀⣇⣌⣰⣀⣄⣄⣇⣤⣀⣇⣤⣠⣄⣄⣄⣇⣄⣸⣤⣇⣿⣌⣠⣠⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡟⢿⠿⠿⠻⠻⢿⡟⠹⢿⠟⠻⢿⠿⠛⠛⠟⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢹⡿⠿⢿⠛⢿⡿⢻⠿⠿⠿⢿⡟⣛⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠋⣿⠟⠻⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣣⣘⣐⣨⣘⣈⣺⣇⣇⣲⣀⣀⣲⣸⣸⣀⣀⣇⣸⣐⣆⣇⣘⣸⣇⣆⣸⣀⣻⣌⣠⣐⣄⣸⣸⣇⣒⣸⣀⣃⣀⣄⣃⣸⣠⣷⣀⣀⣲⣊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢛⠛⡛⠛⡟⠻⠿⢟⣻⡟⠿⡿⠟⠻⠿⠿⡿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣐⣀⣇⣠⣀⣀⣃⣌⣸⣇⣃⣄⣀⣏⣀⣂⣂⣁⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣄⡀⠀⢀⣠⣴⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⣛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡞⡈⠧⡐⠱⡶⣷⢀⡯⢩⠉⢭⠙⠅⠉⠇⡍⢩⠋⣽⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡯⣴⠞⠛⠃⢠⡶⠛⠻⢦⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⢇⣿⡀⠗⠀⣸⡇⠀⠀⢘⣁⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⠉⣍⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⣉⡙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⢳⣾⠃⣉⠛⣷⡌⠋⠀⠷⠾⠋⠙⢷⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠛⣀⣯⢈⣄⠏⠥⠈⡟⠡⢄⡟⠡⢄⣿⣿⣿⠀⡛⢁⣼⡿⠩⠄⢹⡇⢸⠏⠥⠈⣟⢡⠌⢻⠉⠬⣸⠋⠤⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠸⣿⣀⠁⣀⣥⣅⠀⢀⢰⣞⡀⠀⣸⣿⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⢿⣿⡿⠸⢿⡄⠙⢛⡏⠲⠄⡏⠲⠄⣿⣿⡿⠀⢿⣄⠹⢧⠘⠛⣹⠇⠸⡄⠙⠛⡏⠰⠃⢘⠑⠦⢸⡀⠛⢋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡤⠀⠙⠛⡋⠁⠁⣾⡟⠀⠉⢻⡇⠈⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣤⣤⡠⢿⣅⣀⣠⣿⠇⣀⣀⣼⡇⠀⢠⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⡏⡙⠉⠋⠉⠙⢉⣹⠭⢍⢍⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣌⣛⣉⣀⣈⡙⢋⣁⣠⣴⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣈⣁⣉⣉⣉⣁⣈⣉⣉⣻⣗⣈⡝⣉⣉⣘⣉⣙⣙⣉⣹⣋⣺⣿⣿⣿⣯⣒⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣀⣍⣹⣍⣉⣁⣙⣇⣉⣉⣉⣏⣻⣊⣩⣉⣁⣋⢉⣩⣺⣉⣉⣁⣏⣉⣉⣉⡟⣉⣉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣉⣉⣉⣍⣁⣉⣹⣐⣊⣩⣍⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠱⠩⠉⢉⢯⠱⡉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠈⠋⠉⠉⠫⠫⠋⠃⠟⠉⠫⠩⠫⠩⠭⠫⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⠙⠋⠙⠛⢻⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠹⠛⠋⠛⠛⡯⠹⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠻⡏⠍⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⣓⡚⡻⢛⠛⠛⠋⡏⡉⠛⠓⠚⠻⢻⢩⠋⠛⠙⠻⡒⣻⣷⠹⠙⢩⣩⣿⣉⡛⠛⠟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢓⠓⠛⠞⠚⠞⠗⢖⠒⠛⠲⠗⣷⠓⠒⠖⠒⡞⠞⡲⢳⠻⠲⠛⠒⠒⠓⠓⢾⠲⠺⢺⡞⠖⠲⠒⠓⠚⠟⡟⡻⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠲⠖⠶⠲⠦⢶⡖⠲⠖⠲⠶⠞⡖⠖⠒⠶⠳⠶⠷⠶⠶⢲⠲⠶⠶⠲⠦⣼⠒⠲⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⣶⣤⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣼⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣧⣦⣦⣦⣴⣤⣧⣦⣤⣤⣤⣦⣥⣷⣤⣵⣦⣤⣦⣤⣦⣼⣮⣦⣬⣤⣤⣤⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡘⢀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣐⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠠⠗⠄⠯⠢⠄⠀⠀⠒⠊⠢⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸
⣟⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⡏⣛⣻⣟⣋⡛⣛⣿⣛⣛⣛⣻⢉⡫⣿⣟⣛⣛⣻⣛⣙⣛⣯⣋⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣛⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣾⠿⠶⡿⠷⢶⠾⠷⢶⡿⢶⠾⡧⡷⠶⠷⢷⡷⠾⣾⠾⠶⠾⢮⢷⠶⠶⢾⠶⢾⠿⡿⠶⢷⠴⠾⠷⠾⠷⠶⢾⡿⡶⠾⡿⢷⢶⡴⢾⠾⣶⠿⠶⡶⠿⣶⡾⡾⣷⡷⠷⡿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠒⠾⣿⣷⠶⢾⡓⠾⣿⣗⠿⣞⠳⢷⡿⢶⣿⠟⡶⠗⣷⢷⡟⢾⣷⠗⠺⢿⡶⠻⢾⡓⡲⡾⠶⣶⡷⢷⡷⡶⢿⢿⠷⠶⠿⠻⠷⢿⠶⡾⠻⡶⡖⣷⢶⠿⣶⢷⡷⢶⡾⠷⠾⣿⠿⣿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣇⣀⣶⣐⣒⣒⣒⣒⣲⣶⣶⣆⣐⣒⣒⣒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣒⣐⣒⣒⣒⣶⣶⣶⣆⣐⣲⣀⣒⣒⣒⣒⣀⣒⣂⣖⣐⣒⣒⣒⣒⣐⣒⣲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣆⣒⣒⣀⣒⣒⣐⣆⣒⣐⣂⣂⣂⣂⣐⣲⣐⣐⣂⣒⣒⣶⣶⣶⣾
⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣃⣀⣂⣀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣁⣀⣀⣃⣁⣀⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣃⣂⣀⣀⣀⣀⣂⣀⣘⣃⣀⣃⣀⣀⣀⣀⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻

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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/dying-news-sites/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/dying-news-sites/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ News_Sites_That_Talk_About_Patents_Have_Become_Shameless_Self-Promotion
‘Plugs’_by_Law_Firms_(and_Sometimes_Outright_‘Spam’_for_Litigation)⠀✐


Posted in Deception, Marketing, Patents at 9:09 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Video_download_link


http://techrights.org/videos/absent-minded-media.webm


Summary: The sources of news about patent affairs have dried up; sites that
actually used to investigate and report facts have since then shut down or
defected to the Public Relations/marketing industry


THE PAST 20 years I’ve spent a lot of time reading news sites, with growing
focus on patents over time, especially 15 years ago. I grew up on the Web,
which was there when I was a teenager. In the early days of the Web (before and
during the Netscape days) we’d go to sites like Download.com and News.com (some
might know the history of these domains and the ill fate of CNET). There used
to be a “golden era” of transition from newspapers to “online news”, except the
classifieds sections weren’t quite there, so business models needed to urgently
change. In the late 90s and well into the start of the millennium there was
still investment (capital) in online news, but with Web monopolies and social
control media (over a decade ago) many news sites languished and ebbed away.
They never truly came back. IP Kat and Watchtroll were early at the scene, but
they too have languished and the founders of both are no longer there. They’re
like ‘satellite’ sites with fluff and sometimes clickbait…


Litigation firms now sponsor Patently-O. It even admitted so openly a few weeks
ago.


“IP Kat and Watchtroll were early at the scene, but they too have languished
and the founders of both are no longer there.”It’s saddening to me, it really
is…


What works in our favour is that we don’t have a ‘business model’ and we don’t
need one. We’re all volunteers fighting the good fight, even in the face of
smears and discreditisation campaigns (corporations have attempted to ‘cancel’
us since the site was months old).


The video above is a rant about the lack of media participation in covering EPO
abuses. EPO insiders are smart enough to know why this is happening (in the
Benoît_Battistelli days there was still some media left and some of that same
media defected and became a lapdog/censor of António_Campinos).


“Same publisher, different agenda.”In part 13 of the current series we’ll show
the sorts of puff pieces produced by JUVE for ‘access’ to EPO management. They
just never expose EPO abuses anymore. Same publisher, different agenda. The
video shows two ‘reports’ from this morning; one from Konstanze_Richter and
another from Christina_Schulze, who once upon a time wrote and even exposed EPO
scandals. Now, as we noted in the_latest_Daily_Links, we cannot say anything
without insulting or offending both of them. Because this isn’t journalism, it
just isn’t. We’ve been filing many more examples in Daily Links (not meriting a
whole article about them; there’s really not that much to say) and it’s
concerning to see JUVE becoming just another IAM. Will the fate be the same as
IPWatch and IPPro Patents? I’ve not seen Barney_Dixon online since last year*
(some British publisher) and it’s a shame because he actually did some good
work and he gave a voice to EPO staff, just like the original ‘Kats’ at IP Kat.
█
_____
* To quote this page: “Recent news related to Asset Servicing Times, Captive
Insurance Times, Securities Lending Times, IPPro Magazine (Closed December
2019) or IPPro Patents (Closed January 2019)” (all the articles were lost,
too).



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    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/hate-always-backfires/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Hate_Letter_Against_Richard_Matthew_Stallman_(RMS)_Backfired_So_Spectacularly
That_Signers_Asked_to_Revoke_Their_Own_Signatures_and_the_List_Was_Then_Frozen
Permanently_(Updated)⠀✐


Posted in Deception, FSF, GNOME, GNU/Linux, OSI at 3:14 pm by Dr. Roy
Schestowitz


They wanted to cancel RMS; instead they canceled their own petition!


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇RMS_petitions_latest⦈_


Summary: “An open letter in support of Richard Matthew Stallman being
reinstated by the Free Software Foundation” tops 6,100 signatures (graph
generated just moments ago)


Today we learned that people who had set up the defamatory hate letter “don’t
want_any_more_individuals_to_sign_up_for_some_reason” and “oddly, that decision
came after several people submitted pull requests asking to get de-listed” (I
have heard of a few, spoke to a few, and here’s_one_more). So it is perfectly
possible that the real number of signatures on that RMS hate (defamation)
letter may be going down. So they froze the process. Wouldn’t it be
embarrassing if the number of signatures started to decrease? “Kind of
interesting that they stopped accepting signatures 3 days after the support
letter surpassed them,” Artem told us in IRC. So basically, they’re just
spreading libel and running away when it backfires instead of retracting and
apologising like adults would do. Anyway, the way things are going, it should
be clear for everyone to see that the hate letter based_on_lies was a very bad
idea and it’s possible that the blue curve (above) should in fact be going
downwards. People realise they were conned and they want nothing to do with
this con job anymore. Oh, the irony! Will someone at OSI and GNOME Foundation
resign? Maybe the whole Board? Microsoft_tenants at the GNOME Board of
Directors too… █


Update: Graph with numbers added.


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇RMS_petitions_at_6100⦈_


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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 534

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/ibm-credibility-issues/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/ibm-credibility-issues/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ IBM_Doubles_Down_on_Masters_Being_an_Acceptable_Word_in_the_Context_of
Technology⠀✐


Posted in Deception, IBM at 3:37 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Published a_few_hours_ago:


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇master-ibm-again⦈_


Earlier this week:


                       🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇IBM_Masters⦈_


Summary: 3 days after this_post which disproves_IBM's_stance or shows its
double standards [1, 2] it once again says “Masters” in its official blog
(won’t that offend and alienate some people as they insist?)


⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣏⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣯⣿⣿⣱⣧⣾⣿⣶⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣶⣧⣿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣆⣤⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣦⣶⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿
⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢸⡹⢆⢾⡇⣺⠀⡒⡧⡢⢆⢐⡂⠀⢲⢴⣸⠀⠴⢴⠀⣶⢐⡂⣲⠇⢰⡢⣆⡆⢐⡂⢲⢰⠀⡧⡲⡖⢰⢲⡆⣶⢆⢸⣶⢰⢴⠶⡂⠰⢤⢒⡂⠺⢄⡧⡢⣶⢐⡇⡆⢠⢢⠀⡆⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠤⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠐⢠⢢⡤⢤⢠⠂⡄⢤⡀⣄⠄⢠⠠⡄⠄⠐⢲⡠⡠⡄⢤⡠⢰⢤⠀⠠⢂⣤⠠⠄⢴⡠⢠⣀⡄⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⡀⡀⢀⡀⠀⣀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠣⣛⠘⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠈⠉⠁⠈⠀⠉⠀⠉⠈⠉⠁⠈⠈⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠉⠁⠈⠈⠈⠉⠈⠈⠁⠉⠀⠈⠈⠉⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣏⢉⣛⠙⡏⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⡽⢹⢹⣯⠛⣻⢟⢛⠹⡻⠛⢛⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠀⡞⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣟⣒⣜⣸⣶⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⣸⢸⣚⢸⢺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⡖⣄⢄⢀⢀⠠⠀⢲⠀⡠⡀⠠⢀⢄⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣖⢀⡧⡲⠶⡄⢸⠐⡦⡶⠸⢰⡖⣲⡆⡆⡇⢸⠆⣶⣖⢴⡢⣶⠐⣾⠐⣶⣆⣶⠰⣤⢺⢂⡗⠀⡇⣏⢼⠖⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶
⠀⠀⠀⣓⢉⡒⠀⠂⠑⠂⠚⠂⠒⠁⠒⠘⠒⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⡈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣗⢅⣇⢰⡱⢨⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠸⠏⠄⠿⠃⠽⠨⠷⠇⠇⠸⠗⠱⠯⠃⠿⠩⠿⢰⠃⠂⠹⠀⠽⠱⠿⠀⠯⠈⠷⠕⠞⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡟⣾⡸⣿⣿⡏⣷⡇⣿⠫⠶⠽⡏⣿⢯⡏⠷⠏⣿⢸⡟⣵⣮⢿⢩⣶⡝⡟⠵⠮⢻⢩⣿⣿⣿⢱⣦⣻⢫⣶⡝⡟⠵⠮⢿⡱⢮⣿⣿⣷⣼⡟⣵⣮⢻⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣮⢻⠯⠶⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣷⣻⣿⣧⣛⣃⣿⣜⣛⣻⣿⣌⣾⣧⣛⣫⣿⣘⣧⣛⣛⣾⢸⣛⣣⣧⣛⣛⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣑⣒⢻⣜⣛⣳⣧⣛⣛⣿⣛⣓⣽⣿⣿⣛⣧⣛⣛⣾⣿⣿⣘⣿⣸⣿⣸⣎⣛⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣏⢿⣿⠋⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡏⣭⣭⡻⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⢹⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣽⣿⠿⡏⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣣⡇⣿⢞⣛⢸⣇⣛⢾⡇⣿⡏⣛⣓⣿⢰⣿⣜⣛⢾⣷⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⡿⣛⡃⣿⡸⣏⣾⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⣘⡳⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⢙⣛⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⡏⣚⣓⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣮⣭⣬⣯⣭⣽⣷⣭⣷⣭⣥⣿⣼⣿⣯⣭⣾⣯⣿⣿⣧⣭⣭⣾⣷⣭⣥⣽⡷⣼⣿⣿⣯⣭⣬⣽⣿⣿⣼⣧⣿⣧⣿⣭⣥⣿⣼⣷⣭⣥⣿⣮⣭⣽⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⢿⣛⢿⣿⢿⡿⣛⢻⡷⣿⡋⣻⣿⣛⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢟⣻⣿⡿⣛⡻⣿⣟⡻⣿⣿⡿⣛⣿⡿⣛⡻⣿⢻⣛⢿⡋⣻⡿⣛⡻⣿⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⢸⣏⣛⣽⡇⣿⡇⣿⢫⣭⢸⡇⣿⣿⣇⢿⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⣭⡝⣿⣿⡽⣿⣿⡇⣭⡥⣿⢸⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣭⡥⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣾⣑⠶⣆⣷⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣇⣶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣴⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡟⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣯⣿⢛⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠛⣿⢻⣽⣿⢻⣿⣯⣿⣿⣟⣿⣝⢹⣿⣻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣿⣿⢻⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣮⣸⣿⣽⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣹⣿⣽⣟⣝⣽⣇⣿⣟⣹⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢟⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣐⣸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣇⣰⣸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⣨⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⢻⢿⣿⣿⣛⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡟⠉⠹⣿⣿⣿⠉⡍⠍⡍⠏⣽⣿⡇⣿⣿⠉⢉⣉⡏⣙⢹⢛⢹⡫⡯⡋⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡱⠎⣿⣿⣿⣿⢄⡰⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣴⣤⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⠀⠒⠠⠀⠀⠨⠀⠄⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤
⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀⢠⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠁⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠂⠀⠂⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣻⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣹⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⡯⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣤⣴⣽⣙⣷⣦⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢼⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⡙⣿⣿⣿⠿⠏⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⢿⡿⠿⣿⢹⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⣻⠿⠿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠟⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⠟⢿⠹⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭
⣿⣿⢣⣿⡸⣿⡇⣿⡇⡇⣭⡥⣧⠛⣾⢨⡭⣽⢸⡹⣿⢸⠸⣿⢸⢨⣭⢼⢸⣿⣿⢜⣃⣯⢾⡇⣇⢭⡥⡧⣭⢻⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⢸⣷⣿⢨⡥⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣘⣶⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣐⣒⣸⣷⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢛⢿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡿⢟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣎⣼⢸⢗⣓⢹⣜⡳⣷⢸⢑⣓⣸⣷⣾⣜⡳⣷⣿⣿⡇⣭⢱⡇⣾⡎⡇⣿⢸⡇⣾⢸⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡿⠾⠿⠿⠾⠷⡷⠾⠾⠷⠿⠾⠷⢿⣞⡟⡻⠺⠓⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣾⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠻⣻⣿⣹⣛⠛⢻⣿⡟⣭⢻⡏⡟⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠻⡟⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢻⠟⡟⣟⣿⠿⡟⠿⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡟⣿⠿⢿⠻⢻⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡟⡟⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣷⣷⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣼⣾⣷⣶⣷⣿⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣧⣼⣾⣷⣷⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠻⣿⡟⣿⡿⡿⣿⢻⣿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣄⣼⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣧⣰⣼⣿⣿⣷⣤⣼⣿⣿⣧⣴⣽⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣼⣻⣫⣹⣹⣿⣫⣻⣳⣛⣭⣁⣏⣙⣗⣀⣚⣸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 648

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/international-fsf/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/international-fsf/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ The_Letter_in_Support_of_the_FSF_and_Richard_Stallman_is_Backed_by_the
International_Community,_Not_American_Monopolies_and_Nationalistic_Elements⠀✐


Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software, FSF at 9:50 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


“Idiots can be defeated but they never admit it.”


                                                              –Richard Stallman


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇He_insults_penta-gafam;_Can't_stand_it!⦈_


Summary: Free software is for everybody to use, internationally, it is not the
asset of a bunch of current and old monopolists (connected to the US military)
that also control the media; the nature of the signatures says that out loud


Compare this:


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇rms-support-sigs⦈_


To this:


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇rms-hate-letter-names⦈_


⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⡤⢤⡤⣤⣤⡤⡤⣤⡤⣤⠤⣤⠤⢄⣀⠤⢤⡤⣤⡤⣤⠤⢤⣤⣤⠤⣄⡠⢤⣤⢤⣤⠤⠤⣄⣠⢄⡠⢄⡀⣀⣀⣠⠤⣠⡤⣤⣤⡤⢄⣀⠤⡤⣤⣤⠤⣤⣤⠤⣤⣤⠤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣇⣿⡇⣿⡏⢣⡇⣿⡇⣿⣇⣿⢰⣿⡹⠇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡧⡍⣿⡏⢹⣿⡹⠇⠿⢸⡏⣿⣾⣿⠛⢸⣿⣸⡇⠙⣿⠛⢸⡿⣿⠈⠉⢣⣿⠹⠷⢠⣿⣿⠀⣿⡟⠀⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡟⣿⡇⣿⡟⢷⡇⣿⡇⣿⢻⣿⢠⣝⢻⡆⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡟⠇⣿⡇⢣⣝⢿⡆⠀⢸⡟⠛⢸⣿⠛⢸⡟⣿⡇⠀⣿⠀⣸⣧⣿⡰⠶⢾⣿⢰⣾⢸⣧⣿⡆⣿⠟⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⢹⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣃⣛⣃⣛⣛⣃⣧⣛⣃⣛⣈⣛⣨⣛⣚⣣⣜⣓⣛⣅⣛⣛⡠⠛⠃⠈⠛⠛⠃⠀⠘⠃⠀⠈⠛⠛⠘⠃⠙⠃⠀⠛⠀⠛⠃⠛⠃⠀⠀⠛⠚⠛⠚⠃⢙⣃⣛⣢⣘⣋⣘⣃⣛⣘⣃⣛⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠄⣤⣠⣆⣾⣽⣵⣄⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢠⣴⣁⣴⡶⣦⣴⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣷⡿⣿⣯⣾⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⡀⢂⡤⡀⠀⢔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠏⠏⣫⣿⣿⢿⣅⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠭⠁⠉⠒⡋⢟⠻⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣾⡿⠞⣿⡿⣟⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠆⠀⠈⠀⠶⠶⠿⠏⠉⠈⠉⠙⣓⡋⠻⡟⢹⠑⡅⠭⢁⣶⣦⠀⠀⢠⣿⡟⠀⢀⣶⡦⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠘⠀⠁⢊⡁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣷⠀⠀⣾⣿⣷⠀⣼⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠛⠊⠾⣶⣶⣰⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣋⢸⣿⣿⠃⠀⢀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⡶⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣷⠘⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⠀⣸⠙⠂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣀⣽⡟⠁⠐⠛⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠄⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⠁⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠍⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣷⣦⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠓⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⠔⣤⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⡿⠏⠛⠻⣷⣠⢤⣤⣴⣾⣿⡿⠻⠿⠙⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⢳⡞⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠷⠤⠁⠀⠀⠁⠘⣾⢿⢿⣿⡿⣶⣄⣒⠇⠂⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢌⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡏⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠹⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡄⠀⠀⠉⠹⠿⠛⡛⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠲⢿⡿⡿⣿⣟⣛⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⢹⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣮⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⢟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡮⢻⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⢻⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠺⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡞⣶⡄⣶⣶⡆⢰⣦⢰⡆⡶⠶⣶⠶⠀⢰⡾⣶⡆⢶⣶⠶⢰⣶⣆⢰⣶⢰⡆⢰⡖⣶⡄⡀⣶⡆⠶⣶⠶⢰⡆⢸⠯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠴⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⣿⡇⣉⡁⣿⢸⡇⢸⣿⣾⡇⣶⡀⣿⠀⣦⠈⠻⣶⡄⢸⣿⠀⣼⡟⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⣿⡇⡀⣿⡇⠀⣿⠀⢸⡇⠈⠉⢝⢛⢯⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠻⢧⠿⠳⠿⠹⠿⠸⠇⠿⠇⣿⡄⠿⢀⣿⡸⢷⡾⢇⠸⠿⠀⠿⠏⠿⠼⠧⠻⠇⠸⠧⠿⠇⡄⠿⠇⠀⠿⠀⠸⠇⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠉⢹⠿⢿⡟⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠾⠿⠾⠷⠶⠶⠾⠶⠿⠿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠿⠷⠾⠿⠶⠿⠾⠶⠾⠿⠾⠿⠶⠶⠿⠳⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠
⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣆⣷⣿⣽⣿⣿⣦⣷⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣼⣧⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⡿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣾⣷⣟⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣻⣟⣺⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣺⣿⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣻⣟⣯⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⡟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣫⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣏⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⣏⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣾⣷⡧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣻⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣺⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣾⣧⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣻⣟⣧⣻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣧⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⡿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣯⡟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣾⣷⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣺⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣻⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣯⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⡯⣻⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢽⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣷⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣺⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣺⣗⣽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣯⣿⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣿⣿⣾⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣯⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣯⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 893

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/irc-log-080421/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/irc-log-080421/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Thursday,_April_08,_2021⠀✐


Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:23 am by Needs Sunlight


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_


                                         #techrights_log_as_HTML5                                                                                  #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_


                                    #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5                                                                               #techbytes_log_as_HTML5


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_


                                          #techrights_log_as_text                                                                                   #boycottnovell_log_as_text


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_


                                     #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text                                                                                #techbytes_log_as_text


                          Enter_the_IRC_channels_now


===============================================================================
§ IPFS Mirrors⠀➾


CID                                              Description     Object type


                                                 IRC log for
 QmaTa9FwshtKd26w7zLEYy6T5XEmCBsemMffhjqGjM61CP #boycottnovell  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #boycottnovell
 QmQYd8uQZmn6v2UuVJQg17Segzh6dAPHH5WbZ1RsYjM76s (full IRC log   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 as plain/ASCII
                                                 text)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #boycottnovell-
 QmQ8UnwkpcxrJTFv9RDQ1ZUmNFQtL8kvrwMHH5fSng2WtD social          🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #boycottnovell-
 QmTM2h3tZgTopDpywBJgMEDCGs87A864rswXfLiketuFRz social          🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as plain/ASCII
                                                 text)


                                                 IRC log for
 QmZG2RKnMrUU8Lvv3gWGdctDPFh3hc77gFoj1iD5ukZVqw #techbytes      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #techbytes
 QmcbNr3YN5ddEat2v2CXNKzMQJfTgRkmkWRnyKq99PAv9c (full IRC log   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 as plain/ASCII
                                                 text)


                                                 IRC log for
 QmU7REq94ss3ngrb5kGvDQ4V1hsSPd83tiqpEJqzBaPzv6 #techrights     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #techrights
 QmQZoeVewx6VnExzEpfaF7eomDSe3g1H9cDJiKZ71k1Gag (full IRC log   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 as plain/ASCII
                                                 text)


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈


§ Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾


Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmQoGLXGKhEnGzM1kJmmAvMqf3qNTAKBULypQpGWYf5Uxk



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1007

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/peer-to-peer-gemini/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/peer-to-peer-gemini/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Gemini_Over_IPFS_(Decentralised_Web,_Accessed_Over_Gemini_Protocol)⠀✐


Posted in Site_News at 9:29 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Video_download_link


http://techrights.org/videos/gemini-ipfs.webm


Summary: The Gemini protocol (gemini://) can already be used to fetch (at the
back end) and present objects from a P2P-like network; we’re currently
exploring practical use cases and possibilities


It’s possible to chain/group together and then fetch_CIDs_(obtain_IPFS_access)
over_the_Gemini_protocol; the number of software tools being developed around
Gemini protocol is rather astounding. It’s like for every 10 Gemini capsules
which exist and are known about there’s one bit of publicly-accessible Free
software project (we have our own too, to be published some time soon under
terms of the GNU AGPLv3). The number of clients or browsers is also huge;
they’re often implemented from scratch, unlike today’s Web browsers that are
mostly Chrome (or Chromium) ‘clones’. This video started by debating a_recent
message about work that was done to chain IPFS and Gemini (“Gemini-IPFS
gateway”) and we too have been doing work towards that. It’s actually possible
already (presenting Gemini pages as output from ipfs cat [CID]), but we’re
trying to present that in a way that includes practical benefits. Given a
Gemini server (backend software) that can handle CGI, it should be possible to
make Gemini capsules that serve contents of any given CID/hash. When it comes
to very large files, it can tackle storage limitations, albeit Gemini is
notoriously unsuited for very large files. So this is still work in progress as
a side project. █



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1054

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/racist-uncle-vichy/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/racist-uncle-vichy/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ EPOLeaks_on_Misleading_the_Bundestag_—_Appendix_(Benoît_Battistelli’s_Vichy
Syndrome):_Georges_Henri_Léon_Battistelli_and_Charles_Robert_Battistelli⠀✐


Posted in Europe, Patents at 6:29 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Summary: Local copies with evidence of or something concrete about Benoît
Battistelli’s connection to unsavoury — and by today’s standards outright
fascistic — politics


FORMER EPO dictator Benoît_Battistelli has an acute case of Vichy Syndrome, as
we noted last_night. But some readers took note of links not working,
apparently for dependence on live session IDs or tokens. We have therefore made
the decision to reproduce the documents/pages below, in full. These refer to
Benoît Battistelli’s grandfather, Georges Henri Léon Battistelli, and his
grand-uncle, Charles Robert Battistelli. Maybe we’ll get back to these some
time in the future (after we’re done with the current series, of which part_11
was_published_a_few_hours_ago.


===============================================================================
§ Charles Robert Battistelli⠀➾


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Charles_Robert_BATTISTELLI⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Charles_Robert_BATTISTELLI⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Charles_Robert_BATTISTELLI⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Charles_Robert_BATTISTELLI⦈_


===============================================================================
§ Georges Henri Léon Battistelli⠀➾


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Georges_Henri_Leon_BATTISTELLI⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Georges_Henri_Leon_BATTISTELLI⦈_


⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠶⠶⢶⡶⡶⠷⠶⠶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢻⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣟⣟⣟⣛⣻⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢾⢾⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡇⣿⣯⢉⣉⣉⣩⡭⠭⠩⣭⣭⣬⣡⣭⣭⢭⢭⢭⣭⡍⣭⣭⢩⢈⡡⣭⣭⣭⣭⣩⣭⣍⣉⣉⣩⣩⣭⣭⣭⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣭⡯⣭⢯⡿⠛⢋⣩⣩⣭⣉⢻⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠿⣿⣶⣸⣍⣇⣍⣏⣎⣛⣃⣹⡱⠧⠟⢞⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣷⣾⣗⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣧⣿⣿⢸⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⡟⣿⣿⡟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡶⠶⣾⣿⣭⣭⣭⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⡿⠿⢿⢸⡿⡿⡿⣛⠻⡿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⢱⣥⣯⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣭⣭⣭⣭⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣽⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢿⠿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⡾⣶⣦⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⢿⣶⡷⠿⠿⠿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠷⣷⡶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢶⣾⢸⣭⣿⠯⣯⢿⣭⣿⣧⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣸⣶⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⢻⣿⢻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠾⠿⡟⢿⣷⡞⠲⠾⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢨⣿⣗⣽⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣛⣿⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣛⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢸⣹⣿⣿⣽⣿⣻⣬⣯⣭⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣽⣯⣿⣿⢻⣿⣭⣿⡿⣬⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⣭⣭⣭⣽⢘⣻⣧⣒⣚⣻⣿⣾⣗⣿⣾⣸⣷⡾⡶⠶⡿⠷⠿⠿⣿⣶⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣿⣯⣧⣭⣯⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣷⣲⢶⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀
⣯⣿⣿⢸⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣛⣛⣛⣘⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠭⠭⠭⠭⡭⢿⡭⠿⠿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢰⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⢶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⣿⣟⣾⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣽⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣙⣉⣽⣛⣙⣙⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢾⣷⣿⡷⠾⢾⠶⠷⠷⢷⠷⡿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡟⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢻⠻⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⢻⣶⣾⣿⣷⣾⢸⣿⣾⣿⡿⡷⣷⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣓⣚⣲⣿⣶⡶⢶⣷⣶⢶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣸⢹⣿⣾⢿⣜⡏⢺⣾⣭⡿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣺⣶⡖⣿⣾⡞⣿⠟⣾⣾⣿⢧⡷⣇⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣺⣗⣿⣆⣙⣿⣶⣻⣿⢻⡟⡈⡈⢚⣋⡐⣚⣛⡛⣃⣦⣿⣽⢸⣿⢿⣿⡟⣙⣹⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡿⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣯⣻⣿⣼⣼⣿⣯⣽⣿⣯⣯⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣼⣍⢾⣽⣿⢿⣿⢿⡯⢽⡿⣿⣸⢸⢻⣿⣸⣿⣿⡿⣽⢧⣯⣭⣯⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⠈⠃⠆⠺⠫⣘⢯⣮⡬⠻⢽⣭⣭⢅⣄⣠⡭⢰⣯⣕⣝⣼⢡⣌⡍⢥⣯⣄⣠⣭⣩⣦⣦⣬⣥⣨⣭⣼⢺⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣧⢠⣆⣵⣗⣿⡍⢨⣯⣭⣿⢷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⣿⢿⡽⣿⢹⣿⢿⠟⣭⡿⣭⣿⡽⠽⢿⣿⢸⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣟⠈⢚⡳⠶⠶⡶⣶⠹⡿⡗⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠇⠗⠼⠿⠧⢷⡎⣖⢲⠖⡷⣾⣻⣶⣷⢘⣵⠚⡾⢿⣟⣷⣿⣸⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣼⢯⡛⣟⣏⡋⣉⢉⣽⣏⣏⣽⣻⣽⣿⣭⣧⣿⣯⣞⡬⢩⡭⠐⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡥⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⡾⠽⠊⠹⠒⠴⠐⠐⠰⡛⠇⠒⢷⡔⣻⠓⠖⠳⡷⢶⠶⡱⠻⠗⠼⢲⢶⠿⣿⡖⠞⠷⠾⠿⠿⠿⢸⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⣪⡛⢼⣊⣻⣤⣦⣼⢿⣞⣻⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣻⣾⣟⡛⡍⢁⡭⡍⠍⠉⢭⣯⡿⣯⣭⣭⣿⣵⣶⢼⢸⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢠⡷⠲⠶⢒⠢⠰⢲⠶⣒⡲⢲⠂⠆⢰⡶⠺⢸⢷⢲⡶⡆⡴⠲⣶⡖⡔⢢⠶⢲⠗⢂⠖⢶⡞⢿⣿⣿⣼⣼⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢈⣃⣙⣃⡊⣀⣘⡌⣛⣟⣎⣛⣉⣛⣝⣿⢙⣙⣽⣍⣋⣛⣛⣹⣗⣻⢯⣝⡟⣾⢉⣻⢇⣛⠛⠛⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢘⣧⡝⢨⡴⢨⡁⠤⢢⡿⢼⣠⣭⠠⠜⣾⣿⠻⣖⠼⠶⠿⠿⡇⢺⣟⠫⠿⡷⠟⠾⣳⠾⠯⠿⡔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣯⢩⣭⡭⣽⢭⣭⢭⠿⠿⠿⣿⡏⡏⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⠈⣧⣻⠎⣿⣻⣋⢟⢋⠏⡽⣏⣇⡛⡡⣻⣽⣇⡿⣋⢇⢇⢿⣊⣷⣺⣀⣻⡹⣝⣟⣙⣟⢾⣻⣈⣺⡟⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣶⣶⣒⣒⣳⣶⣶⢐⣚⣻⣿⣿⡿⡿⡇⡇⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⢿⣿⠀⠅⠕⠁⠝⠏⠘⠌⠀⠠⠉⠅⠡⠡⠠⠈⠈⠄⠈⠐⠨⠈⠄⠋⠍⠩⠹⠘⠀⠕⠁⠠⠍⠡⠷⢶⣷⣵⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⡅⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠦⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣾⣿⢸⢃⣙⣛⣿⣝⣙⣉⡛⣉⣿⣍⡉⣻⢨⣉⣋⣝⣯⣙⣓⣿⡉⣹⢺⣱⡛⣝⣏⡜⡉⡿⡆⣿⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⢸⣿⣟⣿⡷⣿⣿⠘⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣯⡅⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢗⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣼⣿⢸⢤⡭⣦⣦⣭⣽⡧⠮⠼⣼⣤⣇⢥⣼⡤⢽⣵⣧⣍⢯⡽⠧⣠⣭⣽⣧⣭⣭⣤⣥⣿⢀⣭⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢼⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡎⣩⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣦⣧⡼⢡⣤⣶⣿⣦⣦⣿⢺⣿⣷⣶⣧⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣺⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢽⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⢿⣿⢸⡿⢿⣗⣊⡨⢙⠑⣿⣋⣏⣿⣋⢳⣅⢜⣂⣀⣃⣑⡉⣿⣹⣉⣁⣉⢿⣈⣇⡃⣃⣙⣻⢈⢁⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣟⣸⣿⢸⣇⣈⡭⣹⣉⣉⣿⣍⣮⣑⣻⣟⣗⣻⣁⣟⣈⣙⣇⢀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡿⣾⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣸⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡅⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣾⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⠿⡟⢻⣹⢟⡟⡿⢿⣫⢿⡟⢛⣻⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣘⡛⠛⠛⣛⣛⣛⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠃⢛⣛⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣸⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⡛⣿⣏⣐⣀⣓⣃⣘⣐⣓⣒⡚⣲⣿⣿⣻⣿⠿⠦⠾⠿⡁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣛⡒⡔⠚⢿⡿⠓⠐⠒⠻⡿⠓⠀⠀⠘⠋⠛⠝⠗⠉⠙⠀⣿⣿⢯⠏⣸⡿⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⢻⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣏⣫⣃⣹⣿⣧⣾⠿⠏⣿⣿⣾⠬⠥⣼⡇⣧⣭⢬⠨⣼⠀⣿⣓⣾⣿⡟⢻⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣸⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠷⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠖⠿⠿⠿⠶⠷⠾⠇⠾⠷⠶⠀⠄⠀⣇⡿⣗⡎⣤⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣾⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⠏⢭⠉⡍⠽⠍⡉⠋⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠋⡍⠩⠉⠀⢡⣤⠀⢯⣶⢟⠕⠁⡈⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⡀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⡉⣉⣉⡉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⣉⡈⠉⢉⣤⣿⣿⣻⡿⠳⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣴⣦⣴⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠐⠁⠈⢑⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡻⢿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠿⠒⠏⠚⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠁⠈⠈⠋⠻⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠉⠉⠈⠉⠁⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣛⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣹⡿⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣯⣽⣽⣯⣽⣿⣽⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⣶⣶⣿⣭⡍⣼⣟⢃⣶⢸⠺⢢⢲⣴⡖⢦⣶⢆⣆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢺⣚⣛⣷⣖⣲⣒⣖⣶⣶⣶⣒⣦⣲⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⢶⣶⣶⣾⣬⣬⣾⣟⣛⣻⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⡻⢿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⣗⣶⣶⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣬⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⡿⠷⠿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣬⣬⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⣟⣿⣿⢻⢿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⠓⣾⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣇⣿⣷⣿⣽⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣬⡭⣿⠭⣽⣧⣾⣭⣭⢿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣾⡿⠾⠿⠾⢿⣶⣾⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣷⢿⡿⣿⡻⣻⢿⡿⢷⣿⣶⣾⢸⣽⣿⠭⢽⣯⣯⣯⣿⣿⣸⣿⣟⣟⣻⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠿⣿⡍⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⡭⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡆⣶⠷⣖⣷⢿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇⡛⢙⣻⠯⠉⢩⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢻⣟⡿⣷⣿⣷⣿⢻⣷⣾⣾⣮⡇⣿⣿⣿⣷⡷⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣴⡟⡿⣷⡿⣽⡯⢺⣾⠽⢿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢻⣇⣤⡳⣿⣽⣛⣛⣟⣽⣷⣟⡇⣿⣽⣿⣏⣹⣽⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢴⣇⣿⣧⣿⣿⣟⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡇⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢐⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⢨⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠹⠿⠿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⡛⠝⠋⠋⢋⣩⢩⣋⠉⠍⡉⣙⣛⣛⣿⡏⡏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠯⠿⠿⠿⠏⠭⣽⣿⣯⣟⣟⣇⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣯⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⢻⡿⠇⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⡇⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡼⠳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠶⢶⡶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⣖⣖⣒⣒⣒⣖⣲⣖⣒⣲⣶⣶⣶⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢸⠿⠿⢿⠿⠷⠶⠶⢶⠳⠾⢻⣛⣻⣛⣛⢸⢙⢛⠿⣿⣿⠲⣖⠶⢖⢶⣖⡿⢿⢻⢛⢛⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢨⣿⣿⣭⣭⣯⣽⣥⣿⣩⣧⣼⣭⣭⣯⣭⢸⠿⠻⢿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡟⠟⡿⠾⢿⢿⣟⣟⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠸⢏⡛⣟⣽⣛⣯⢝⣛⣿⠿⠟⣾⢿⣿⣽⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢐⡚⠳⠒⢒⡐⣛⣾⣻⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣟⣷⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣛⣿⣻⣹⣛⣿⣹⣻⣻⡛⣟⣹⣛⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡟⢨⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣶⣖⣒⣒⣲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⠹⡿⠷⠿⣿⢿⠷⣶⠾⢲⡶⠗⠾⠶⠣⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⢫⣭⣭⣽⣿⢪⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣯⢯⣬⡭⣬⡭⡭⣯⣿⣭⣭⢯⣯⡽⣿⣽⡿⢰⡶⠖⠒⠒⣒⣂⡀⣀⣖⡒⠒⠒⠶⣶⢰⣶⡄⣰⣶⢸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⠈⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣭⣬⣥⣤⣶⣸⣿⣿⣿⣙⣻⣨⣓⣐⣾⣾⣷⣷⣾⣷⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⢰⠯⠍⠭⢽⢰⡶⠬⠤⢶⠰⢯⠉⠉⢿⠸⠶⠆⠶⠾⢸⣿⡟⠫⢻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⠐⡇⡹⠟⠛⠙⢿⢱⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢻⣿⢷⢷⡿⠗⠶⠲⣷⠾⢾⣿⠿⢾⡾⠾⠶⣿⠈⣿⡟⣛⣿⢸⣹⣛⡙⣿⢀⣔⡂⣀⣾⢀⣒⢐⠀⣲⠈⠍⢁⠴⡼⢇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⠀⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣽⣿⡿⣿⠬⣏⢩⢽⡭⣭⢻⡼⢷⣧⢩⣽⣯⣻⣫⣽⢸⣧⣶⣿⠿⢸⣿⠷⠖⠿⠸⠷⠶⠾⠯⠸⠿⠶⠀⠀⠀⣡⣢⡀⢱⣼⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⣴⣄⣀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣐⣀⣐⣂⣂⣑⣐⣟⣒⣓⣺⣖⣖⡛⣑⣃⣶⢲⣒⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⠘⠏⠏⠩⠩⠏⠉⠉⠙⠉⠉⡉⠉⠙⠉⠉⠉⠀⢁⡤⠀⣡⡾⡁⠀⡈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣇⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⠉⣀⣉⣀⣿⢼⡶⠦⢦⣦⢧⣷⠠⣭⣭⣥⠭⣭⢥⣯⢼⢨⣉⣍⣭⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⠅⠉⣀⠄⡉⣠⣼⣯⣿⡿⠋⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣱⣿⣛⢟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣆⣲⣗⢲⡎⢲⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠁⠀⣨⣿⢿⡿⣋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠇⠿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣮⠿⠩⢼⢭⣭⣽⣥⣽⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠋⠙⠈⠋⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⡙⠻⢿⠙⠖⠖⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠟⠙⠃⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠟⠛⠛⣧⣱⣌⣤⣀⠀⡁⠋⢋⠁⠉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⢀⠀⠀⢧⣻⣟⣫⣟⡄⠀⠀⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠉⠈⢋⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⡠⢴⠍⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⢀⠈⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠂⠀⠀⠈⡒⢂⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢀⡀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⣠⣶⡆⣖⣠⡲⢂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⠆⠀⣽⣿⡇⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⡄⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣟⠉⣭⡭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡢⡔⢰⠂⣴⣶⣶
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣟⢸⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣻⣞⣾⣲⣟⣶⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢸⢽⣿⣿⠀⣛⡗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣯⡅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡾⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣻⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣷⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣭⣥⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣯⡷⡮⣭⡟⠥⢭⠭⣭⣧⣯
⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⡷⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣷⢺⣃⡂⠖⣾⣿⣿⣻⣓⣛⢓⣛⣓⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛
⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡟⣯⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⡿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣯⢽⣉⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⢛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣽⣿⣯⣯⣯⣿⣿⣭⣨⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣭⣭⣭⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣯⣻⣶⣿⣾⣶⣾⣢⣀⣯⣶⡖⣰⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⠀⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⣦⡻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠏⢩⣟⠟⠛⠛⠛⠂⠙⠹⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⡹⠟⠊⠛⠻⠛⠉⠁⠉⠁⠙⡯⠹⠛⠟⠛⠈⠉⠛⠋⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣛⡛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣷⣩⡭⡉⠋⠡⡴⠖⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣴⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣤⣤⣦⣴⣤⣤⣴⣦⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣟⣿⣛⣻⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⡾⢯⣿⡿
⠀⠀⢰⣹⣿⣿⣿⠅⣧⣼⣿⣿⡷⠏⣀⢤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣟⣒⣓⣾⣟
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣯⠄⣿⢿⡏⢓⣤⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⣟⣷⣶⣶⢤⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣶⡶⣶⣶⣷
⠀⠀⢸⣽⢿⣿⣷⠀⠿⢊⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⡿⣻⢏⠉⢫⣻⣿⢙⡽⢡⠝⣨⠭⠈⢝⣁⢉⣟⣈⣟⣛⣃⡀⡁⣹⣾⣿⢿
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣷⠏⣿⢾⣾⠌⣿⢾⣦⢾⣦⡔⣷⢮⡅⣮⣭⣯⣎⠅⡥⣿⣿⣿⢫
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣯⣷⠃⣥⢈⢉⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣛⣿⣿⣟⣛⢽⣽⡿⣿⠟⠿⢿⠿⣟⣷⠽⠿⡯⡿⠟⡿⡿⢿⣿⣼⣹⡾⣾⣗⣲⣶⣿⣶⡿⣷⡆⡶⠲⢶⢾⡆⣷⡿⣿⣿⡾
⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣟⠿⡁⠇⢸⣿⠻⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⢏⡉⠙⠋⢿⣿⣻⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⢻⢿⣿⠟⠏⣻⣿⣿⢶⡺⢿⠿⠿⠒⢋⢐⣎⡽⠩⠌⠣⣽⣿⠿⢻⠹⣽⠔⢼⣾⡿⠿⠃⠗⠇⠠⠾⢺⡇⣿⠿⣿⣿⠟
⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢿⠠⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠊⠾⠚⠛⢿⣽⣾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣿⢗⣈⣟⣂⢁⡝⠛⠋⠛⠢⠐⡤⢔⠐⡁⠩⠈⠁⢀⢄⠀⡹⢹⢸⠋⡭⣽⠻⠼⣿⢟⠯⠩⠏⠹⠟⠙⢿⡇⣭⡽⣫⣿⢘
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣯⣿⡄⡃⣰⣦⣔⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣿⣯⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣾⣮⣵⣼⣵⣴⣏⣈⣴⣀⣀⣂⣀⣊⣀⣸⣉⣈⣉⣁⢸⢸⣴⣾⣻⢾⣉⣚⣽⣻⣿⣧⣒⣟⣞⣿⣻⡇⣿⣾⣾⣿⠸
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡦⡃⡅⣈⠛⠛⠛⢛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣛⣙⣋⣹⣛⣛⣭⣥⣭⣭⣽⣭⣭⡤⠤⠬⠭⠭⠬⠭⠥⠭⠬⠬⠬⠵⠬⠤⠤⠬⠤⠭⠄⢸⢸⡼⣿⣡⣩⡥⣡⣭⣿⡫⣨⣭⣦⣿⣭⣽⡇⣿⣿⣷⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠃⣿⣧⣆⠈⡠⠀⠀⣨⣶⣏⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣛⢽⣿⢿⣿⣞⣟⢛⣷⣟⡷⣦⡇⢈⣸⢰⣿⠟⢛⣤⠿⣓⡁⠀⣍⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡀⠖⣷⣿⣧⣬⣧⣤⣾⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠐⢸⣼⣼⡟⣷⣿⣧⣸⣿⣥⣼⣽⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡿⠅⠀⣯⣿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣽⡇⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣽⣬⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣷⢼⢻⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣯⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⠸⢹⣇⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣿⣷⢰
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢺⢺⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢸⣽⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣽⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢹⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣯⠀⠐⡛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣣⣉⣛⣛⣻⣧⣘⣙⣙⣘⣙⣿⣙⣿⣊⣧⣁⡗⣋⣌⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⣭⣭⣭⠭⠭⠭⠭⢭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠥⢭⣭⣭⣭⣬
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠸⣻⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡲⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣼⣍⣙⣉⣉⣙⣿⢗⣈⣋⣁⣿⣘⣇⡇⣟⣁⣧⣇⣤⣁⣿⡟⢸⣯⠭⢯⣭⣮⠴⠤⠤⠭⠭⠴⡬⠭⠥⠭⠭⠽⢤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢘⣭⣥⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠘⠻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⢜⣹⣁⣩⣎⣹⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⠬⡚⢛⣛⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠙⡛⣛⣛⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢨⣥⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⠭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣽⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣭⣭⣽⣭⣭⢬⣭⣭⡌⠀⠈⠈⠉⠙⢟⣟⣻⡛⣟⣻⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢨⣏⣻⣉⣛⡉⣙⣹⡣⣛⢉⣛⣻⢘⣃⣃⣙⣙⣛⡀⣁⣉⣙⣽
⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⠟⠯⣿⡿⢿⡿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡌⠧⡿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⢿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣮⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡿⡟
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣭⣭⣭⢸⣿⢱⡜⢙⣼⣿⠛⢇⠙⢋⢙⢙⣿⣟⢛⢻⡇⣪⣋⣋⡇⣈⣛
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⢸⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣟⢹⣍⠟⢿⡟⣎⣟⣹⠿⡿⣿⣋⠀⣸⢟⣻⡟⣹⠻⢡⣿⡿
⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣤⣦⣥⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣭⢾⣿⣶⣶⣾⣵⣿⣿⣴⣶⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣵
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣋⣙⠿⣍⣋⣋⣛⣋⣛⣟⣏⢙⣏⢟⢛⣉⣋⣋⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣧⣟⡿⣟⢾⣿⣿⢱⣾⢝⣆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢸⣧⣿⣽⣤⣽⣮⣥⣽⣼⣼⣽⢨⣽⡬⢴⡤⣥⣤⣧⡠⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢓⡆⢸⣿⠽⢏⡿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡟⣇⡿⠶⣾⣳⠸⡏⢵⠲⠲⡗⠦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣷⣾⣷⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⣷⣿⣷⣾⣷⣷⣾⣷⣷⣶⡎⠀⠐⠻⠡⠹⠿⠟⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⢿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣦⣶⣶⣫⣶⣆⣀⣐⣟⣻⣻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣽⣍⡅⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣄⣄⣨⣭⣭⣭⣉⣉⣩⣭⣩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣾⣤⣤⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣛⢛⣛⣻⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟
⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⢷⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⡯⣷⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣻⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣂⣲⣒⣺⣛⣛⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣭
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠸⠉⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣯⣍⣩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢸⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣶⣲⣓⣒⣲⣶⢰⣾⡟⠲⠛⣶⣶⢰⣖⡚⠛⢛⣳⡆⣿⣽⡭
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⢻⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⠝⠏⠵⠩⠩⠿⠸⠧⠭⠬⠬⠭⠟⠈⠉⠀⠄⠤⠩⠅⠩⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠸⠄⣸⡿⣟⣓⣒⣂⣊⣻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢉⣛⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣟⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣶⣿⣿⡉⠭⠭⡭⠽⡭⠽⠭⠭⡭⠽⠭⠯⠍⠭⠽⠬⠸⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣭⠭⠭⠭⠥⠄⠤⠭⠽⡯⠼⠭⠤⡤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⠀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣗⡿⢷⡷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⣤⣠⣥⣤⣤⣥⣅⣨⣭⣥⣤⣬⢡⠠⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⡇⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣠⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⣶
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠇⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣙⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣻⠿⠋⠛⠛⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠍⠧⠉⠒⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠹⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⠶⣶⣒⠶⠶⠶⢆⡶⢲⣶⣶⣤⣴⣆⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣀⣤⣤⣀⣠⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢱⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣷⡿⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢱⠿⠋⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣴⠿⢂⣵⠖⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢸⣿⣿⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⡈⢛⢛⠛⣐⣓⡂⠚⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⢋⣚⠛⣑⣛⢛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⢋⣐⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⣁⣙⠊⣁⣉⣈⣬⣩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍⣭⣍⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⢨⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣼⣿⣿⢃⡿⣫⡶⣠⣾⡿⣱⣿⢋⣾⡿⣣⣾⢿⡿⢰⡿⣡⣾⠟⣵⣿⡾⢫⣾⡟⣡⣾⡿⣣⣿⣿⣾⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢸⣿⣿⢸⣷⡩⣿⣻⣟⠉⠿⠿⣛⣵⣏⣉⣛⣵⣿⡇⠋⣐⣻⣿⣧⣿⣧⣾⣿⣴⣯⣿⣴⣵⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣧⣽⣽⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⣛⣛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣟⢟⠝⠿⡿⣿⣏⡋⠟⠟⠻⠛⠻⢻⡿⢮⣸⡿⡻⢻⣯⣹⣳⣛⢛⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢸⣿⣿⢸⠿⠿⡿⠞⢿⣿⣿⣡⣿⣿⣿⣡⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢸⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⡗⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⣿⣧⢸⣿⣷⣾⣾⣯⣿⣿⡝⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣾⣿⡿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣷⣶⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢺⣿⡏⢸⣷⣯⣹⣭⣬⣷⣿⡿⣞⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⣿⠿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠞⠒⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣛⣷⣿⣙⣛⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⢿⣶⣾⣾⡿⣲⣶⣮⣦⢷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣷⡾⣟⣧⣤⠤⣾⣟⣿⢿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢭⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣾⣿⡇⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣶⡳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣟⡩⣤⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡇⣿⡲⣾⣿⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡿⣳⣷⣾⣾⣿⣗⣻⣿⢷⣗⡽⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡛⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣖⣶⡒⠚⠻⡷⡗⢴⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣟⠿⢾⠿⠵⣮⣷⣿⣖⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠾⠿⢿⠾⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡶⠾⠾⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣟⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡝⡿⡿⡟⣿⡟⣿⡟⣿⠛⣿⡻⡟⣛⡿⣿⣿⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡃⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣙⣿⣉⣟⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⢿⣯⣯⣿⣽⣿⣭⣿⣽⣯⣩⣿⣯⣿⣽⣽⣭⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣻⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣭⣭⣧⣽⣿⣿⣾⣿⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣼⣽⣿⣵⡫⣿⣷⣽⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢷⢟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣟⢟⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢻⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣾⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣷⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⣟⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢾⠾⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⢿⡿⡿⡿⡮⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⢸⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣓⣒⣳⣦⣻⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⠨⣟⣞⡋⣛⡛⣚⣘⣛⣛⣻⣃⣛⣃⣛⣹⣏⣿⣓⣟⡻⣛⣋⣛⡻⣛⣛⣇⠹⣙⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⣘⣻⣿⣛⣛⣟⢙⣛⣃⣻⣋⣛⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢽⣿⣿⠀⣣⢈⣥⣭⣩⣽⣏⣬⣥⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⢿⣽⣷⡮⣦⢿⣭⣽⣷⢽⣽⣽⢤⡌⢭⡭⣼⢽⣯⣼⣾⡯⣯⣭⣧⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣭⣯⣿⣾⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣸⣿⣿⠀⢥⢥⣭⢹⣭⢽⣬⢭⣬⣬⣽⡭⣿⣬⣽⣼⣵⣮⣿⣯⡥⢯⢭⢹⣥⡿⣥⠽⣥⣮⣷⣾⣦⣥⣷⣿⣧⣽⣾⣿⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⢧⣴⣿⢿⣶⢳⡶⣿⣿⢿⠿⠸⢾⡗⠷⣿⢛⢿⠲⠿⢾⠷⣾⢾⢷⢊⢶⣿⡟⣷⡻⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⡟⠿⣿⠻⣻⢿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⣳⠓⠷⠼⢾⡶⣶⢣⠶⠖⠶⢶⢾⠖⢶⠾⢞⡿⠸⠿⠶⠶⠾⠗⢾⠶⠶⠷⠿⣿⡷⠜⢿⡦⢷⠶⠽⠖⠷⡷⢚⡿⡜⠿⠟⣿⣿⣸⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠺⠾⠾⠿⠺⠾⠿⠻⠾⠾⡛⢚⡛⢿⠿⡿⠽⠍⠙⠿⡿⠿⢿⠹⠻⠿⠿⠿⢏⠛⣿⣛⡿⡊⢛⣛⣙⢻⣿⢻⢹⣿⢾⣝⠿⣹⣭⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢝⠻⣙⢙⣸⣏⣛⣟⣹⢐⣛⣻⣿⣻⡟⣛⣏⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢺⣹⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣼⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠟⠟⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣶⣶
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢨⣰⣧⠀⠛⢿⢿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣟⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣻⣷⣷⣿⣖⣿⣾⣟⣚⣛⣓⣓⣒
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⡛⠛⠛⡛⢻⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⢻⢻⢻⠻⢛⡛⠛⠛⡿⠛⠻⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⣿⡿⠿⠿⠭⠽⠿⠿⢟⠿⠿⠭⠭⠭⠭⠿⠿⣿⠥⠭⠤⠭
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣛⡛⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⠅⠀⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠈⠀⠀⠀⡉⠭⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣯⣭⣭⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠷⠿⣿⠷⠶⠶⠶
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠬⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠽⢟⣯⠉⠑
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢻⣿⡇⣿⣟⡟⢛⡋⣈⣛⣋⣿⣛⣛⣛⣚
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣓⡙⡇⣛⣛⣓⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣛⣛⣻⣿⣟⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⣿⣽⣽⣿⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣛⣛⣛⣋⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡇⣎⢭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠈⠉⢉⠉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⣤⢤⠀⠤⠤⠬⠧⢤⠭⢤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣦⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠑⠊⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⡇⣿⣿⣷⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠐⢶⢶⠶⡶⣶⣶⡇⣿⡶⠶⠶⠶⠆⠐⠒⠶⢶⡶⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠐⠱⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⠟⠿⠓⠀⠒⠦⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠙⣛⣙⣓⣛⣛⡂⣿⣟⣃⣀⡙⣚⣉⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠋⠛⠓⢉⠛⠁⣙⣹⣛⣛⡉⠉⠈⠙⢙⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⢿⣿⣿⣭
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠙⠭⣭⡵⣬⣤⣤⣥⣬⣤⣤⣨⠎⠩⠩⢭⣭⣽⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⢿⣿⡿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⠈⠬⠡⠈⠅⢉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠍⠉⢭⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠲⠦
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠄⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠂⠀⠀⠐⠲⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⢶⣶⣶⣷⠷⠿⠿⠿⠿⠭⢭⠭⢽⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣏⡅⠠
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡀⠓⣒⣚⣃⢉⣉⣋⣛⣛⣛⣋⣈⣓⣋⣙⢘⣯⣭⣭⣬⣬⣭⢩⣭⡭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢩⣭⢭⠭⠩⠁⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠈⠅⢬⠭⢭⣭⣭⣭⡍⣭⣭⢸⠿⠾⢒⠶⠾⣿⢹⡗⠖⠲⠲⢿⣿⢸⠾⠶⠄⠶⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢀⠀⢷⣿⠛⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠄⠀⠀⠐⢠⢘⣒⣒⣈⣀⣒⣉⢨⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢨⣭⣭⣭⣍⣭⣥
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠂⠀⠠⣉⢬⠢⢀⠠⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠙⡋⣹⢙⣟⣿⣿⢿⣋⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢘⠛⠾⣿⣻⣯⣽
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠒⠐⠐⠂⠛⠒⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⣧⣮⢸⣿⠯⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠓⠒⠶⠶⠒⠒⠖⠶
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⢰⣤⣟⡇⠀⠁⡩⣧⣥⣭⣤⣬⣤⣤⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠉⠉⠩⠉⠋⢅⠽⠯⠉⠁⢩⣠⡠⠄⠀⢈⠀⢤⢨
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⣠⣄⣀⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠦⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣦⣷⠇⣿⣿⣿⣫⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣲⣰⢻⣿⡻⣿⣫⢏⡽⣽⣿⡿⣭⣿⣿⣣⣟⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡼⣱⢮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣿⣿⣾⣽⣾⣧⣿⣾⣯⣿⣿⣯⣷⣽⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠷⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⢿⣯⣽⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣟⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣯⣟⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⡷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢹⣏⣾⡩⢿⡽⢭⡏⡿⣽⣧⣭⡅⡥⣽⣿⣿⣭⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢽⠟⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣯⡏⣿⣿⣛⣇⣏⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣧⣿⡧⠍⣽⢩⣿⣬⣯⢭⣬⣭⣽⣿⣿⣽⡥⣿⣤⣿⣬⣿⣽⡾⣿⡭⡿⣿⢯⣭⣭⣯⣬⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⣧⡿⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡶⠿⡞⡶⠿⠗⣶⠶⣾⠶⠾⡿⡺⡿⣿⣷⣿⠺⢿⣷⡾⣾⣿⣷⣟⡷⣿⢸⣿⣾⣷⢻⣻⣷⣆⣲⣶⣿⣿⣿⢷⢳⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⠷⡿⠿⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢭⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢘⢜⢾⣓⣓⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣛⣿⣟⣿⣛⢭⣿⣯⣿⣇⢸⣭⣿⣭⣽⢿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣿⣯⣯⣭⣭⣽⣼⣿⣻⢿⣼⣿⣿⣯⣾⢟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⢾⣿⠞⣿⢾⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡽⠶⢻⢿⠗⡾⣶⣿⡷⣞⣾⣿⣾⠾⠟⠿⣾⡿⡿⣻⠶⢶⢶⣶⣿⣾⢽⢻⣿⣯⣿⣷⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢈⣻⣟⣻⣟⣻⣟⣟⣻⣿⣟⣿⡽⣿⡿⢹⣝⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⣛⣿⣛⣛⢿⣽⣰⣾⣋⣛⣘⣻⣉⢻⣛⣿⣿⣾⣻⣼⣿⣻⣿⣯⣷⣪⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⢨⣯⣿⣿⢭⣭⣭⣽⣥⣿⡿⣿⢧⢿⣽⣛⣩⢱⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣯⡽⡿⣾⣷⣿⡿⢿⡿⣾⣷⣷⣯⠾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣴⢳⣿⡵⣶⢳⢶⣺⡿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣛⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⡻⣿⣿⡇⢼⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣗⣛⣻⣟⣿⣯⣿⣻⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣭⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣽⡇⣿⣿⡇⣺⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣮⣭⣭⣿⣯⣽⣯⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣾⣿⢾⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣻⣿⣾⣿⡿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣟⣿⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⡾⠿⣿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⡟⢟⢿⣿⡇⡿⢿⡇⢼⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⠿⠮⢾⡶⡛⡖⢾⣾⡿⡷⠾⠷⣶⡾⢿⣾⣲⠿⡿⠿⣷⣟⠾⢯⣾⠿⡷⠟⠿⢿⠻⣾⣿⣿⡇⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣾⣻⣾⣷⣾⣾⣿⣷⣾⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣿⣿⣫⣟⢉⢩⣹⡪⣟⣋⠛⡻⢿⡿⢻⣿⣫⢿⣛⢿⣿⣛⣿⣟⣽⣟⣹⣛⣾⣿⣿⣋⣟⣻⣟⣹⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣯⣿⣶⣿⣿⣽⣼⣭⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣝⣟⢿⡿⣯⣯⣷⣛⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣹⣭⣿⣻⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣵⢭⣯⣭⣙⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣯⣝⣿⣛⣞⣛⣚⣛⣿⣿⣍⣻⣻⣻⣿⣽⡮⣯⣾⣯⣧⣯⣮⣭⣿⣿⣭⣎⢙⢷⣯⣿⣭⣏⣼⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣯⣿⣯⣭⣿⣽⡿⣯⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣭⣹⣏⣬⣿⣿⣋⣭⣾⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣻⣻⣹⣏⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣻⣫⣚⣛⣟⣻⣿⡇⣿⣾⣿⣻⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣯⢈⣍⣿⣥⣿⣥⣿⣏⣪⢹⡝⣯⣾⡝⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⣯⣿⣿⣿⣝⣛⣛⢯⣻⣿⣽⣻⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣬⢂⡀⡥⣬⡭⢬⠭⣽⣧⣼⡷⡧⢭⡭⡿⡼⣪⣯⢿⢮⣥⣽⠯⣌⢵⢦⢟⡷⣾⡿⢾⢾⠖⢮⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⡇⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠝⠻⡶⢾⠟⡵⡶⢲⠶⠝⠾⢗⣚⣲⣳⢴⡞⢽⠛⠺⣿⠓⣾⡳⣻⡑⠾⢷⡾⡷⣶⣖⣲⣷⣾⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣟⣵⡋⡑⣻⣿⣹⢟⢉⣉⢒⢢⢿⠃⣘⣛⣓⣿⣿⡟⣛⣙⣻⣿⡛⣈⣉⣏⢉⡝⣙⠉⡩⣙⣽⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠹⠿⠶⠾⠾⠶⠶⠷⠿⠶⠶⠦⠶⠶⠿⠴⠷⠗⠼⠶⠣⢮⣶⣽⣤⣿⣶⡖⣼⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣖⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⡉⡉⠉⠉⠍⣩⠉⠹⠛⣿⠏⡏⠫⠟⠛⢻⡿⠛⣿⡏⢻⡽⠙⢛⡛⣲⣆⣐⡂⣢⣈⣹⣻⣟⣴⣅⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⡧⢯⡆⢻⡟⢿⢟⣟⣽⢻⣿⠏⣿⣟⣻⣋⡟⢹⣽⡛⡍⣽⣓⣻⣉⣋⡛⣙⣰⣯⣹⣟⣶⣥⡼⣼⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢽⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣏⣜⣬⢓⣛⣿⣟⣛⣿⣽⣿⣱⣿⣼⣟⣏⣻⣩⣥⣟⣬⣤⣃⣻⣿⣭⣞⣈⣈⣧⣯⢄⣦⣥⢟⣾⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣾⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡇⠼⠋⠀⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠻⣿⣩⣿⣱⣙⣟⣛⣯⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⠽⣿⠹⣿⡻⣿⣿⣇⢿⡿⡯⠿⠶⠃⠀⢠⣾⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣽⣹⣧⣤⣭⣽⣏⣻⣿⣸⣧⣿⣿⣬⣿⣬⣿⣿⣯⢩⣯⣽⣥⣽⣤⣭⣤⣤⢠⣴⣼⣤⣿⣴⣧⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡖⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⡯⣍⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣫⣭⣿⣿⣍⣭⣹⣯⣿⣿⣽⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣭⣽⣧⣭⣭⣭⣧⢝⣬⣭⣤⠛⣬⣽⣧⡽⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣾⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠿⠛⠈⠉⠻⠏⠗⠿⣯⢿⠭⠟⠣⠯⠽⠯⠭⠽⢭⡿⠷⠼⠨⠭⠿⠥⠼⣭⣷⡷⣼⣭⡭⢤⣦⣧⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡗⠖⠀⠀⢀⣂⣀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣇⣄⣀⣀⣀⣺⣤⣄⣿⣤⣀⣐⣄⣀⡀⣠⣤⣀⣀⣀⡀⡤⡠⠄⠀⠀⢀⣿⡄⣬⣭⣿⣫⣤⣤⡆⡿⠶⠷⠾⠶⠷⠾⠶⠶⠷⠶⠶⠷⠒⠒⠒⠀⠀⢒⣚⣻⣻⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣆⣭⣽⣿⣴⣥⡽⡿⠛⠾⡋⣽⣾⣻⣭⣿⣁⣹⣿⣧⣅⠀⣁⡡⣠⣦⢨⣿⣧⣭⢏⣍⣏⣓⣭⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠉⠏⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡧⢽⣧⡿⢯⢿⣴⡖⢵⡌⣉⣛⣇⡉⢛⣉⣭⣡⣌⣿⡧⢽⠧⣿⡭⣭⢼⢿⣾⢡⢯⡿⡿⣿⢻⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣴⠈⠼⠥⢥⡤⠘⢨⢀⡌⠬⠩⡄⢤⠄⠄⠨⣤⠄⠥⡥⠈⡍⠡⠥⠥⠠⡭⠀⠀⠠⠅⠤⠀⠠⢩⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣦⣔⠲⡆⠲⠓⢷⡘⢠⠐⠲⠲⢒⡶⡖⢲⠒⠒⠖⠐⡖⠒⠶⡆⠂⠒⠐⠲⠀⠂⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠿⠟⠋⠛⠃⠁⠐⠒⠰⠮⠘⠳⠿⠘⠈⠻⠟⠛⠏⠁⠓⠻⠱⠃⠑⠀⠐⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣒⡁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠛⠈⡈⠐⢈⣑⣋⣛⣛⣇⣈⣋⣈⠛⠛⠁⠛⠉⠈⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣗⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⣀⡀⡀⢂⢈⠉⠀⠉⠙⢉⣉⣁⣙⣀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⡅⣁⣉⡆⡤⠤⢬⣮⣥⡄⣺⢠⠨⣀⡆⣁⣘⣏⡉⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⡀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡻⣯⣬⣁⠅⡇⢿⢬⠬⣭⣭⣽⡼⢦⡥⣵⣿⣏⡌⡄⠉⠤⢀⠀⠁⠠⢠⠀⢀⠀⠀⢄⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣭⠉⢴⠾⣷⠖⣸⣿⣦⢬⢻⡬⣿⢠⢬⣝⡭⡤⠌⠁⠀⠀⠀⡀⠠⢠⠬⠤⣤⣤⡄⣤⢤⢄⣤⠤⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣷⠲⠶⠶⢲⠶⠶⡶⡷⠞⠶⢦⠁⡬⡤⣀⠠⠄⣀⠄⠀⠀⢠⠤⠤⠤⠠⢠⡤⢭⡆⠀⠄⠀⠀⠬⣱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠸⠿⠕⠿⠷⠖⠲⠗⠲⠖⠂⠀⠒⠀⠢⠀⠀⠀⠂⠠⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⠁⠈⠤⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠛⠛⠋⠻⠛⠃⠊⠉⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠙⠘⠛⠛⠛⠉⠈⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀
⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⢰⣿⡇⣧⣮⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿
⠀⠀⠀⣼⣷⠀⢸⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⣛⡛⢛⢛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡫⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⢿⡿⢿⠿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣯⣼⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣟⣿⣿⠀⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣚⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠄⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡽⢿⠯⣽⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⢯⣿⢭⣿⠿⠭⢿⣭⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡆⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⢀⡃⣿⣿⣿⡆⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠐⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣭⣯⣿⣿⣷⢸⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣧⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣟⡛⣛⣲⣷⣿⣿⣒⣚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⢐⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⢀⢨⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣯⣭⣽⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣮⣤⣤⣤⣬⣭⣽⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣥⣦⣤⣭⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣭⡭⣽⣿⠿⠯⣭⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠈⢘⣿⣿⣿⡇⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣟⣛⣉⣧⣛⣛⣛⣧⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⡶⡶⢶⣦⣶⡶⣶⡦⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⡯⣉⣼⢡⠽⣬⣭⣭⢹⣥⣽⣬⠭⡅⡥⣼⣾⡟⡇⢅⢸⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡇⡋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡗⣹⡿⣶⠾⣷⠆⣟⠲⠲⠶⠾⠾⡆⣖⣿⣿⡇⣗⣺⠀⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣾⡇⡶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⣿⣿⣝⢻⣿⣿⣟⣻⣸⡙⢛⣻⡇⣿⣟⣿⡇⣯⣉⣟⠧⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⣅⢘⡿⡿⠛⠻⠻⢛⠛⠿⣟⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣯⡧⢽⣯⣫⣿⣯⡭⢬⡭⣤⣭⣽⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣝⢠⣧⡧⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⡇⠙⢈⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣁⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣛⣻⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡇⣇⣣⣼⣟⠯⣩⣽⣵⣵⢫⣠⣥⣦⣥⡇⣿⣭⣽⣧⡷⢼⢶⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠺⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⣛⢛⣛⡛⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⠛⡛⣛⠽⠝⡏⣟⣿⣗⠽⡟⣟⡛⣿⠟⠻⣿⢾⣟⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣥⢾⣍⠃⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⡂⣧⡟⣼⣿⣿⣟⣺⠯⠛⢑⢟⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠠⢺⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣧⣷⣿⢗⣾⣯⣰⣿⣣⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠁⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⡟⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⡇⣿⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⡇⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡏⡿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠐⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣗⣷⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⠅⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢈⣹⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠇⢰⣦⠤⠄⠀⠉⢉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⢿⢽⠿⠭⠽⢭⢭⢭⡭⡭⣽⢭⠭⣭⢿⢿⣿⣿⢸⢹⢸⠀⣸⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⡷⡇⠸⠟⣳⡀⠀⠀⠀⠩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣷⡖⣶⡾⠿⠿⠿⢿⣷⡶⠶⠶⠾⠿⢿⠿⠿⢸⣸⣸⢰⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣟⠃⣿⠽⠿⠾⠶⠀⠀⠐⠾⠷⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣙⣉⣛⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⢠⣬⣬⠀⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢰⣷⣿⣿⣻⣗⣖⣶⡗⠒⠛⢛⠛⠛⣛⣻⡟⡿⠟⠻⡟⠛⢻⢛⡛⠟⡛⠛⠛⣻⠟⠻⢛⢻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡏⢹⣟⣻⣟⢋⡑⡈⣛⢛⣛⡏⣟⣘⣉⣻⣻⡁⣃⣻⣻⣿⠸⠉⣻⠀⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⢸⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠻⠿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⡟⣿⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣟⠿⢿⢿⣙⣿⠛⡿⢛⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡍⠯⣟⣿⡟⢿⣿⡿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣾⣷⣾⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢀⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿
⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⡟⣶⣃⣵⣿⡇⣯⣨⣥⣬⣿⣿⢯⣭⣿⣧⣬⣽⠏⣭⣭⢸⣽⣥⠈⠹⣿⣿
⢀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣟⣛⣹⣛⣻⣿⣙⣻⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⡷⣱⡜⣸⣻⡇⣿⣾⢏⣻⡯⣦⣬⣋⣿⣯⣝⣨⣾⣿⣓⢘⣙⢊⠀⢸⣿⣿
⠀⠰⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⡟⡟⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢶⢖⣶⡷⢶⢿⡟⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⡇⢟⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣹⣿⣿
⠀⢘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⠟⢶⣶⡑⣟⣗⣲⣦⢖⡳⠳⣲⢱⡁⠒⣚⣲⣒⡚⣟⡷⣗⣾⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣼⣿⣷⣿⣻⣗⣿⣟⣛⣿⣿⣿⣻⢸⣼⣾⣿⣽⣷⡇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣻⣿⣿
⢀⠕⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⠈⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣹⣬⣿⠜⢄⢊⣩⣭⣯⣩⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣯⣯⣽⣽⣿⣻⣽⣯⣽⣽⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠐⣻⣿⣿
⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣼⣶⣶⣭⣷⣷⣿⣿⣽⣶⣿⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣴⡿⠾⠟⡾⣿⠻⠿⢿⠾⡗⠷⣿⢷⣶⡿⡿⣷⣟⡷⡟⡰⢶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⢸⡿⣛
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡏⠛⣔⣿⣙⣛⣻⣻⣿⣻⢻⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣹⣟⢙⣻⣿⣟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢠⣾⣿⣷
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣭⣭⣯⣻⣿⡯⣯⣽⡯⢽⢻⣥⣯⣿⠫⠹⢿⣯⣧⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠈⢹⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⣭⣽⡿⣿⣻⢻⣶⣶⣾⢷⣾⢲⣶⣶⢷⢾⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣸⣿⣿
⠀⡨⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡳⠾⠶⢶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡟⣳⠿⡟⠶⣯⠾⣾⣷⡿⣷⣴⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⣛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⡘⣛⣛⠐⠺⠉⠈
⣴⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢰⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⣛⣻⡇⣿⡻⠔⠆⠶⠾⣶⠳⠳⣴⣷⢺⠿⠿⡿⡿⠟⣿⠛⠿⠿⠸⣿⣿⣯⣭⠭⠽⠯⢭⣽⡭⠯⠭⢉⣉⣙⣙⣻⡇⣿⢿⣖⠲⠿⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢔⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡁⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠿⡍⢿⡻⣿⠿⡷⡹⠿⠟⣿⠿⠾⡟⠺⠿⠿⠷⣶⢸⢿⡿⣫⡯⣿⣻⡿⠯⠭⠭⢿⡇⠿⠞⠂⠒⠼⠇⠿⠾⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠂⢄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡟⢹⣿⣿⡛⣛⢻⣿⢱⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣋⣝⣙⣛⡛⡛⢛⣻⣿⣏⢙⡟⢛⣛⣿⣟⢟⡟⠟⡿⢨⣥⣥⣥⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡅⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⡅⡍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⡂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡇⣾⢻⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣮⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣍⣉⣹⣙⣉⣁⣙⣻⢟⣏⣃⣿⣏⡘⣟⣉⣿⣙⣛⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣦⣿⣼⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣛⢛⡛⣛⣻⣭⣿⣫⣭⢀⡛⢿⡋⣫⣫⣿⣩⣭⣛⣝⡷⣋⡹⣟⣨⣛⣿⢸⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⣿⣿⡿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣷
⡀⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣤⣿⡔⠲⠿⡶⠌⡾⢿⣧⢽⣯⣬⣤⣥⣬⣯⣥⣭⣾⣿⣿⢸⣁⣈⣐⣐⣐⣒⣐⣒⣃⣀⣐⣈⣐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⢠⣼⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣱⣷⡱⢶⡿⠷⣷⠿⣿⣹⠟⡿⠽⣿⠹⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⡟
⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠒⠐⠐⠞⠐⠒⠶⠰⠖⠲⠆⠶⠂⠲⠶⠲⡆⢦⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢋⡻⡿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿
⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠛⠻⠻⠛⠛⢟⣂⡉⣊⣛⣋⣃⣛⣚⣛⣹⣛⣙⣛⣃⣙⣚⣋⣘⣻⣿⠟⠻⠿⠿⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠁⠘⠙⠓⠚⠓⠒⠚
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣋⣀⣋⢀⢋⡈⠋⡀⠂⣍⠽⡟⣿⡏⡯⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡍⢉⡛⠻⢻⠶⠜⢷⡖⠻⣶⠲⢖⠲⠲⣶⡶⠖⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣋⣛⢿⣞⣉⣛⣘⣙⡺⢛⣩⡿⣙⣻⣟⡛⡚⣻⣃⣹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣣⣯⠈⡭⠭⣬⣿⣋⣍⢳⣭⣯⣥⣽⣿⣯⣍⣹⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠗⠶⠶⠶⠶⠒⠒⠒⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1497

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/09/rms-libel/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/09/rms-libel/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ The_Libel_Against_Richard_Stallman_Did_Not_Age_Well⠀✐


Posted in Deception, FSF at 10:09 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇RMS_libel⦈_


Summary: Almost 2 years down the line libel about the founder of the FSF
remains_online, uncorrected (in sites_funded_by_Microsoft and IBM)


Any comment, Steve?


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Looks_legit_on_the_surface..._until_you_look_more_closely⦈_


                    🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇IBM-funded_'media'⦈_


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⣿⣿⣼⣯⣦⣼⣥⣇⣥⣤⣿⣤⣿⣼⣥⣟⣐⣀⣀⣘⣀⣀⣀⣘⣀⣐⣚⣐⣒⣁⣈⣀⣀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⡏⣟⠉⡋⠙⠉⢩⢙⢹⣟⣫⡹⣝⡏⡫⣯⣝⢹⡫⣭⡟⢻⣝⢹⢽⠉⢙⢹⠙⢩⠉⢹⠉⣻⢙⢩⠛⢹⠙⠉⣛⡉⣹⡿⡍⡋⡯⢙⢋⢻⡏⠉⢝⠉⡋⠉⢹⠙⣻⠙⢙⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣏⡉⡉⣉⣉⣍⣋⣋⡉⢹⣋⣿⢝⣙⣝⣝⢝⣙⣋⣙⣿⣉⣩⣫⣉⣏⣩⣋⡏⣝⣉⡉⣍⣋⣏⣉⣹⣩⣙⢉⣙⣍⣏⣋⣋⣉⣹⣙⣽⣯⣋⣟⣋⣟⣹⣿⣯⣋⣋⣩⡏⣝⣽⣉⢩⣉⣯⣋⣩⣙⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣇⣲⣹⣕⣅⣤⣴⣦⣨⣄⣻⣵⣈⣀⣀⡈⣸⣠⣴⣶⣯⣸⣷⣨⣰⣽⣕⣶⣆⣵⣕⣅⣷⣾⣗⣨⣬⣂⣸⣶⣪⣇⣈⣀⣁⣀⣀⣰⣨⣷⣿⣸⣕⣰⣀⣉⣨⣘⣿⣀⣀⣵⣬⣇⣸⣁⣰⣨⣀⣠⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣾⣲⣥⣥⣲⣯⣼⣦⣤⣤⣼⣵⣤⣤⣤⢴⣶⣶⣤⣦⣧⢽⡴⣪⣬⣦⣶⣤⣤⣼⣥⣶⣧⣷⣶⣼⣵⣶⣧⣦⣧⣢⡤⢄⣸⣬⣤⣤⣤⣼⣵⢵⣇⣠⣦⣮⣶⣎⣾⣬⣵⣷⣮⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣧⣶⣵⣶⣾⣮⣭⣦⣦⣼⣤⣤⣼⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣮⣮⣤⣥⣽⣮⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣪⣮⣖⣮⣵⣟⣚⣓⣓⣛⣚⣚⣒⣊⣀⣃⣀⣚⣂⣂⣃⣁⣐⣂⣓⣒⣊⣺⣦⣮⣧⣧⣄⣶⣥⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⠻⠿⡿⢿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡟⠿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⡿⢿⡿⡛⣛⣛⡛⡟⣟⡛⣟⣻⢻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣷⣽⣷⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣿⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣷⣿⣿⣴⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣭⣬⣬⣭⣥⣥⣭⣯⣭⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠿⡟⣛⢿⠟⣟⠟⠛⣟⠛⣿⢻⠟⣿⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⢻⠛⠛⠟⢛⢛⠟⠻⠿⠛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⣿⣿⢹⡟⣿⡎⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣾⠇⣿⡿⠿⣹⣿⣿⢸⣿⡟⠃⣿⢻⣷⢸⣿⠛⣿⣟⣼⢳⣿⢻⡇⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡃⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠻⣿⢸⣟⠿⠆⣿⢿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡟⢃⣿⣿⡈⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠻⣿⣿
⣿⡇⣿⠿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡜⣭⡻⣷⢻⣿⣿⠸⣿⡟⠃⣿⢳⣶⢸⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢻⣿⢫⡟⣿⡆⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣧⣤⢸⣿⢻⣿⣿
⣿⣧⣛⣛⣼⣻⣛⣵⣟⣿⣻⣜⣛⣙⣓⣝⣿⣻⣾⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣣⣟⣟⣛⣘⣛⣧⣛⣻⣿⣯⣛⣟⣧⣛⣣⣛⣿⣿⣜⣛⣁⡛⢛⣛⣘⣛⣛⣽⣾⣻⣟⣧⣟⣿⣫⣜⣛⣛⢃⠛⣳⡘⠛⠙⢃⡟⠛⢻⣜⣛⡛⠙⢻
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠈⠉⠛⣿⣿⠛⠿⢦⠑⣏⠺⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡇⠀⢸
⢿⠉⠙⠀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⠀⠀⠐⠘⠀⠈⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠁⠀⠀⢸
⠰⣦⣼⠂⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣄⣄⠠⠦⢬⡀⠄⢚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣄⣾⣧⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⠷⠶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣤⣬⣤⣤⣬⣿⣟⣛⡿⠭⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⠋⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⢝⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⠿⠿⠆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡞⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢩⡚⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⡀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⣔⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠤⣮⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⡾⣭⣥⣽⣿⣏⠉⠉⠻⠤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡿⠇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⡻⠽⠶⠿⠿⠟⠋⠛⠿⠿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡀⠀⠩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⢻⡅⠀⠈⢠⠉⠉⡝⢹
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣹⣟⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣽⠀⠀⠀⢈⠀⢀⡀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠶⠴⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣦⣴⢰⡄⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢙⣿⣯⡃⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⡷⣸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠦⡼⠈⠉⠙⠏⠀⠀⣿⡆⠀⠀⠈⢀⣸⣧⢻
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠰⠄⠀⠀⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡽⢸
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠴⠶⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠈⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣁⢳⡁⢀⢿⢴⣼⡇⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠙⠋⠿⠻⠂⢸⠥⠼⣾
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣻⣿⣿⠿⠛⠀⢠⣍⡉⠉⠹⣿⠉⠉⠉⢻⣆⠈⠉⠉⠹⠻⠿⠃⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠣⡀⢲⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠘⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠄⠀⠀⠙⠂⢸⣧⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠈⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠃⡼⠿⢧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣦⣄⣀⠂⢀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠠⣾⣗⣀⠀⠀⠘⡆⢠⡀⠤⠖⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣽⣖⣁⡬⠄⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⢿⣦⢰⠀⠃⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠒⠚⠓⠒⠒⠀⠠⠤⠤⠼⢿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣩⣩⣿⣛⡛⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠙⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣉⣙⠛⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣶⣦⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠓⢮⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣎⣉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠁⠦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⡿⠿⢶⣌⡙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⡀⠘⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣦⠙⠛⢦⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⡄⣿⠁⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣘⣛⣄⣐⣿⡆⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡦⢸⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣶⣿⡆⠀⢸
⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⣈⣉⣩⣍⣠⣰⣶⣦⣤⣬⣭⡅⠈⢁⡀⠀⠐⠪⢿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸
⣿⣭⢫⡝⣯⡟⣭⢫⣭⣭⣯⣽⢯⡝⣿⣫⣽⣫⡝⣯⣬⡙⣯⡟⣽⢻⣿⣽⢻⣻⣭⣝⢟⣥⣤⡀⣤⢤⣤⠀⢠⣭⢩⣭⡝⣫⣭⣝⢫⣭⣽⢣⣤⣤⢲⢒⣤⣤⡒⣤⢲⢲⣤⣴⢒⣤⣤⡒⣤⣤⢠⣬⠻⣽⢻⡅⠀⢼
⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⣷⣿⢰⣿⡇⢸⣿⢿⡇⣿⣇⣿⣿⣸⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⢸⣧⣿⢸⣿⣤⢻⢸⡇⠿⠇⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⠘⢿⣭⡁⣿⣧⢸⣿⠀⢿⣿⠁⠉⢸
⡟⣿⣼⡇⣿⡿⣿⠈⣿⡇⢸⣿⣸⣧⡽⣿⢸⡇⡟⣿⣼⡇⢿⣧⣿⢸⢻⣿⣤⢿⣿⡿⡸⣿⣿⠇⣿⣻⣧⠀⢸⡏⣿⣿⡇⣿⣼⡿⢸⡇⣿⢸⣿⣤⢻⢸⣧⣿⠇⣿⣤⢻⣧⣿⠸⣿⣽⡇⣿⣦⢸⣿⡄⢸⣿⠀⠀⢻
⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⠤⠤⠠⠶⠛⠆⠐⢶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⠿⠶⠶⠶⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⢲⠶⣶⡦⡶⡶⣿⣷⡆⣶⡷⢲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡲⠀⠀⢸⢸⢼
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⣹⣋⣏⡽⡗⡧⡐⢁⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠭⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⡏⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠯⡟⡏⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢽⢿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢹⣿⣿⡿⡏⣿⡿⡟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣧⣧⣧⣯⣥⣮⣵⣧⣧⣾⣬⣽⣿⣿⣠⣷⣭⣦⣥⣧⣿⣧⣭⣦⣭⣯⣤⣼⣼⣼⣬⣽⣥⣯⣴⣿⣦⣧⣧⣧⣥⣧⣿⣧⣶⣼⣼⣿⣼⣾⣿⣬⣽⣬⣴⣭⣼⣰⣿⣧⣥⣧⣥⣯⣧⣥⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣧⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣾⣿⣽⣴⣿⣯⣴⣿⣷⣨⣿⣧⣮⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣷⣴⣯⣿⣼⣽⣷⣽⣯⣾⣿⣯⣼⣿⣼⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣾⣾⣿⣮⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣾⣿⣯⣼⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⣦⣿⣭
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠠⠤⠄⠀⡄⡤⡄⡀⡤⠄⠠⣤⡤⠀⡀⢀⢤⡤⠠⠀⡤⠄⠄⠠⠄⠀⡠⡄⠀⠄⠀⡠⣄⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠄⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠃⠚
⣠⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1622

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✐ Links_9/4/2021:_Kubernetes_1.21_and_FFmpeg_4.4_Released⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 7:23 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Distributions
          o Devices/Embedded
    * Free_Software/Open_Source
    * Leftovers
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾


                # ⚓ Librem_14_Rave⠀⇛


                       Now that shipping of the Librem 14 to customers is
                       imminent we should talk about some more details and
                       enhancements we made.


                       Like we mentioned before the outside dimensions are
                       almost the same as the Librem 13 was, so the Librem
                       14 measures: 322mm x 222mm x 17mm.


                       The total weight including the 4 cell battery, two
                       SODIMMs and one M.2 SSD is about 1490gr (I am
                       living in Germany, you have to get along with
                       metric units).


                # ⚓ Star_Labs_Teases_New_Linux_Laptop_with_11th_Gen_Intel_CPUs,
                  11_Hours_Battery_Life⠀⇛


                       Star Labs are well known for their slim and
                       powerful Linux laptops, currently selling two
                       models, the 11-inch Star Lite Mk III and the 13-
                       inch Star LabTop Mk IV, but the hardware vendor is
                       working on another model, more powerful, bigger,
                       and more beautiful.


                       Meet StarBook Mk V, a powerful 14-inch laptop
                       featuring 11th Gen Intel Core processors with Iris
                       Xe graphics, up to 64GB 3200MHz RAM, four 4 ohm
                       speakers, up to 2TB storage, up to 6.85GB/
                       s transfer speeds, and up to 11 hours of battery
                       life.


          o § Server⠀➾


                # ⚓ MinIO_adds_key_management_tools_to_its_Kubernetes_object
                  storage_product⠀⇛


                       MinIO’s open-source Kubernetes object storage
                       product has been beefed up with a trio of new tools
                       that should make it easier to manage. On Wednesday,
                       MinIO announced the new Operator, Console, and
                       SUBNET Health tools for enterprise customers. The
                       company said the new features are designed to help
                       organizations who want to simplify the deployment
                       of multi-tenant, object storage using Kubernetes.
                       The tools should also offer customers greater
                       automation as they ramp up their cloud-based
                       deployments and workloads.


                       [...]


                       The MinIO Operator is available on all major
                       Kubernetes distributions including Red Hat
                       OpenShift, VMware vSphere 7.0U1, SUSE Rancher, HPE
                       Ezmeral and stock upstream, the company said. It
                       will also be accessible through all the major cloud
                       providers, including Amazon’s Elastic Kubernetes
                       Engine, Azure Kubernetes Service, Google Kubernetes
                       Engine and Anthos.


          o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾


                # ⚓ REPLACING_CENTOS_–_Everything_you_wanted_to_know_about_ALMA
                  LINUX_–_Interview_with_Jack_Aboutboul⠀⇛


                       Alma Linux has been released a week ago, and has
                       already been quite well received, as a full on
                       replacement for CentOS. I had the opportunity to
                       talk to Jack Aboutboul, the community manager for
                       that distribution, and ask him a bunch of
                       questions.


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ Xen_releases_a_new_version_4.15_after_a_slightly_delayed
                  development_process⠀⇛


                       The Xen project has released another upgrade to its
                       open source hypervisor.


                       Development of this new cut – version 4.15 – proved
                       a little trickier than expected, with initial plans
                       for three release candidates and a March 23rd
                       release stretching to five release candidates and
                       release today, April 8th.


                       Was it worth the wait? Xen’s feature list
                       highlights the new ability to export Intel
                       Processor Trace data from guests to tools in dom0,
                       which means tools like Intel’s kernel fuzzer have
                       more to work with and thus a better chance of
                       spotting code nasties.


                # ⚓ Linux_5.13_Poised_To_Allow_Randomizing_Kernel_Stack_Offset
                  At_Each_System_Call⠀⇛


                       The ability to randomize the kernel stack offset at
                       each system call looks like it will land for the
                       upcoming Linux 5.13 cycle. This optional feature
                       makes it much more difficult to carry out stack-
                       based attacks on the Linux kernel.


                       Back in 2019 was a proposal by Intel engineer Elena
                       Reshetova to allow randomizing the kernel stack
                       offset upon each system call. This code was
                       inspired originally by PaX’s RANDKSTACK feature to
                       enhance the kernel security against exploits
                       relying upon kernel stack determinism. Google
                       engineer Kees Cook ended up taking over this effort
                       and after ten rounds of code review it looks like
                       the code is on deck for Linux 5.13.


                # ⚓ Initial_Apple_M1_SoC_Support_Aims_For_Linux_5.13_Kernel_–
                  Phoronix⠀⇛


                       While the independent effort to get the Apple M1
                       ARM-based SoC working under Linux has just been
                       happening for a few months, with the upcoming Linux
                       5.13 cycle the very preliminary support for Apple’s
                       M1 and initial M1-powered devices looks to land.


                       Hector Martin sent in the pull request looking to
                       have the initial Apple M1 support queued up as part
                       of the ARM SoC/platform changes for the Linux 5.13
                       merge window that will in turn be opening up in a
                       few weeks.


                       Since earlier this year have been a few rounds of
                       Apple M1 Linux kernel patches for bringing up the
                       essential drivers needed to get the Linux kernel
                       booting on the 2020 Mac Mini, MacBook Pro, and
                       MacBook Air powered by the in-house Apple Silicon.
                       It’s in good enough shape that this very early code
                       is likely to indeed land for Linux 5.13, which in
                       turn will debut as stable in the June timeframe.


                # ⚓ Linux_on_Apple_M1_silicon_is_right_around_the_corner⠀⇛


                       Preliminary support for Apple M1-powered devices
                       could potentially land in the next version of the
                       Linux kernel, v5.13.


                       The efforts are spearheaded by Hector Martin’s
                       crowdfunded Asahi Linux project. From the get-go,
                       Martin’s objective has been to upstream his work to
                       the mainline kernel for wider reach. He’s just
                       submitted the final set of changes that’ll get the
                       Linux kernel to boot on the M1-based devices.


                       “Finally! It’s been a long time coming, but it’s
                       done! This is just basic bring-up, but it lays a
                       solid foundation and is probably the most
                       challenging upstreaming step we’ll have to do, at
                       least until the GPU stuff is done,” shared Martin
                       on Twitter.


                # § Graphics Stack⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Google’s_VirtIO-GPU_“Venus”_Vulkan_Driver_Merged_Into
                        Mes_21.1_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             It was just a few days ago was the talking of
                             the VirtIO-GPU Vulkan driver looking to be
                             upstreamed into Mesa and now this Google
                             “Venus” project has indeed landed.


                             The VirtIO-GPU Vulkan driver is named “Venus”
                             and is living within the Mesa 21.1-devel
                             source tree now for allowing Vulkan
                             acceleration support within guest virtual
                             machines with the native host system’s Vulkan
                             driver doing the actual leg work.


                      # ⚓ Mesa_21.0.2_Is_Released_With_Minor_Bug-Fixes_Mostly
                        For_AMD_Graphics_Hardware⠀⇛


                             Mesa 21.0.2 is a bug-fix release with small
                             fixes for EGL, the Panfrost driver, the RADV
                             Vulkan driver for AMD and the ACO shader
                             compiler that goes along with it, and a LLVM
                             related fix those of you with older AMD
                             graphics cards will want.


                             Mesa 21 was a big release. Mesa 21.0.2 is the
                             second minor bug-fix update to that release.


          o § Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Ulauncher_Is_A_Gorgeous_And_Super_Fast_Linux_Application
                  Launcher⠀⇛


                       Ulauncher is a lightweight application launcher for
                       Linux. It consumes very few system resources and
                       has ability to run on almost every desktop
                       environment.


                       Application launchers are software whose main goal
                       is to start and locate other computer programs.
                       They provide a lightning fast way to access and
                       launch apps, and also are especially useful for
                       people who prefer keyboard navigation to mouse.


                       Ulauncher is a beautiful application launcher for
                       Linux. Above all, it is open source and easily
                       customizable. Ulauncher has a minimal design and
                       dependent on only a few resources. In addition to,
                       it is very fast, and works on virtually all Linux
                       desktops. It is written in Python and uses GTK as a
                       GUI toolkit.


                       Just press the default shortcut key ctrl + space to
                       launch the Ulauncher and directly type the
                       application name to launch it.


                # ⚓ Kubernetes_1.21:_Power_to_the_Community⠀⇛


                       We’re pleased to announce the release of Kubernetes
                       1.21, our first release of 2021! This release
                       consists of 51 enhancements: 13 enhancements have
                       graduated to stable, 16 enhancements are moving to
                       beta, 20 enhancements are entering alpha, and 2
                       features have been deprecated.


                       This release cycle, we saw a major shift in
                       ownership of processes around the release team. We
                       moved from a synchronous mode of communcation,
                       where we periodically asked the community for
                       inputs, to a mode where the community opts-in
                       features and/or blogs to the release. These changes
                       have resulted in an increase in collaboration and
                       teamwork across the community. The result of all
                       that is reflected in Kubernetes 1.21 having the
                       most number of features in the recent times.


                # ⚓ Kubernetes_1.21_Released_With_More_Than_50_Enhancements⠀⇛


                       Kubernetes 1.21 is the first refresh of the
                       Kubernetes release for 2021. This release consists
                       of 51 enhancements, which is the the largest number
                       of improvements in the recent times.


                       Kubernetes, or k8s, is a powerful container
                       management tool that automates the deployment and
                       management of containers. It is the next big wave
                       in cloud computing and eliminates many of the
                       manual processes involved in deploying and scaling
                       containerized applications.


                       Kubernetes 1.21 comes packed with novelties. So,
                       let’s take a quick look at the more significant
                       changes in this version.


                # ⚓ Kubernetes_1.21_available_from_Canonical⠀⇛


                       Today, Canonical announces full enterprise support
                       for Kubernetes 1.21, from cloud to edge. Canonical
                       Kubernetes support covers MicroK8s, Charmed
                       Kubernetes and kubeadm. Starting with 1.21, moving
                       forward Canonical commits to supporting N-
                       2 releases as well as providing extended security
                       maintenance (ESM) and patching for N-4 releases in
                       the stable release channel. This allows customers
                       to get new features and product updates for all
                       upstream supported versions and access extended
                       security updates from Canonical for versions no
                       longer supported by the upstream, thus aligning
                       with all major cloud providers for enterprise
                       hybrid cloud Kubernetes deployments.


                       “Canonical Kubernetes is about removing complexity
                       around Kubernetes operations from cloud to edge. We
                       bring certified Kubernetes distributions to allow
                       users to bootstrap their Kubernetes journey, as
                       well as a large tooling ecosystem and automation
                       framework combination, for businesses to reap the
                       K8s benefits and focus on innovation in the growing
                       cloud-native landscape. Our users benefit from the
                       latest features of Kubernetes, as soon as they
                       become available upstream”, commented Alex
                       Chalkias, Product Manager for Kubernetes at
                       Canonical.


                # ⚓ Kubernetes_1.21:_CronJob_Reaches_GA⠀⇛


                       In Kubernetes v1.21, the CronJob resource reached
                       general availability (GA). We’ve also substantially
                       improved the performance of CronJobs since
                       Kubernetes v1.19, by implementing a new controller.


                       In Kubernetes v1.20 we launched a revised v2
                       controller for CronJobs, initially as an alpha
                       feature. Kubernetes 1.21 uses the newer controller
                       by default, and the CronJob resource itself is now
                       GA (group version: batch/v1).


                       In this article, we’ll take you through the driving
                       forces behind this new development, give you a
                       brief description of controller design for core
                       Kubernetes, and we’ll outline what you will gain
                       from this improved controller.


                       The driving force behind promoting the API was
                       Kubernetes’ policy choice to ensure APIs move
                       beyond beta. That policy aims to prevent APIs from
                       being stuck in a “permanent beta” state. Over the
                       years the old CronJob controller implementation had
                       received healthy feedback from the community, with
                       reports of several widely recognized issues.


                       If the beta API for CronJob was to be supported as
                       GA, the existing controller code would need
                       substantial rework. Instead, the SIG Apps community
                       decided to introduce a new controller and gradually
                       replace the old one.


                # ⚓ Linux_Release_Roundup_#21.15:_FFmpeg_4.4,_KDE_Plasma
                  5.21.4,_digiKam_7.2_and_More_New_Releases⠀⇛


                       The next major upgrade for the multimedia framework
                       FFmpeg is here as version 4.4. It includes new
                       decoding support and new encoders as well.


                       There are some new filters as well. You can explore
                       what’s new in its official changelog.


                # ⚓ FFmpeg_4.4_Released_With_AV1_VA-API_Decoder,_SVT-AV1
                  Encoding⠀⇛


                       FFmpeg 4.4 is out today as a large update to this
                       widely-used multimedia library and with it comes
                       many new features including new demuxers, AV1
                       support improvements, and other enhancements.


                       FFmpeg 4.4 includes a wide array of improvements
                       over last year’s FFmpeg 4.3 release.


                # ⚓ FFmpeg_4.4_Released_with_Hardware_Accelerated_AV1_Decoding,
                  VDPAU_Accelerated_HEVC_and_VP9_Decoding⠀⇛


                       Dubbed “Rao,” FFmpeg 4.4 is here about ten months
                       after FFmpeg 4.3 as a major release that introduces
                       VDPAU accelerated HEVC 10bit and 12bit decoding,
                       VDPAU accelerated VP9 10bit and 12bit decoding,
                       DXVA2/D3D11VA hardware accelerated AV1 decoding,
                       Intel QSV-accelerated AV1 decoding, NVDEC AV1
                       hardware accelerated decoding, as well as AV1
                       encoding support SVT-AV1 and AV1 monochrome
                       encoding support via libaom 2.0.1 or higher.


                       New encoders are present in this release, including
                       the ADPCM IMA Ubisoft APM encoder, Cineform HD
                       encoder, ADPCM Argonaut Games encoder, RPZA video
                       encoder, High Voltage Software ADPCM encoder, ADPCM
                       IMA AMV encoder, SpeedHQ encoder, PFM encoder,
                       OpenEXR image encoder, as well as TTML subtitle
                       encoder and muxer.


                # ⚓ FFmpeg_4.4_Is_Released_With_Support_For_Even_More_Encoders,
                  Decoders,_Muxers_and_Filters⠀⇛


                       FFmpeg, the all in one Swiss army knife for audio
                       and video encoding and deciding, has made a fine
                       new and rather a big new release. It adds support
                       for AV1 video encoding using SVT-AV1, support for
                       hardware accelerated decoding AV1 video decoding
                       using VAAPI and Intel QSV, support for the Cineform
                       HD encoder and longs lists of other video encoders
                       and decoders, filters and muxers.


                       FFmpeg is both a huge library and a shell
                       executable that lets you do everything you may or
                       may not want to do with video files. Lots of video-
                       related free software use it for all their heavy
                       lifting. The mpv video player can play just about
                       every audio and video file you will encounter
                       thanks to the FFmpeg libary. The PeerTube video
                       hosting platform, which recently had a major new
                       release, would not have server-side transcoding
                       capabilities without it. Every single video file
                       uploaded to this website is processed by FFmpeg and
                       made available as VP9 video in 1080p, 720p, 480p
                       and 360p by the TimedMediaHandler plug-in for
                       MediaWiki.


                # ⚓ Reco_–_audio_recording_app_designed_for_elementary_OS⠀⇛


                       Feature bloat is a term to describe the result of
                       packing too many features and functionalities into
                       a program. Usually, this term is reserved for
                       program that have become overloaded with extra
                       “bells and whistles” features and are no longer
                       able to perform their core function due to these
                       extra add-ons.


                       Are you tired of software with each new releases
                       becoming perceptibly slower, use more memory, disk
                       space or processing power, or have higher hardware
                       requirements than the previous version while
                       offering marginal user-perceptible improvements or
                       suffering from feature creep.


                       There’s a school of thought that recommends a
                       program does one thing but does it really well.
                       There’s so many feature-laden programs where the
                       vast majority of the functionality is used by a
                       microscopic number of users.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ How_to_install_BlueMail_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_Linux⠀⇛


                       Blue Main is a free email app, available for
                       Windows 10/8/7, Linux macOS, Android, and iOS. You
                       can integrate any number of e-mail accounts from
                       any provider, for example from Gmail, Outlook,
                       Hotmail, etc. It comes with a simple and easy-to-
                       operate interface but with many functionalities
                       such as push notifications, unified Inbox, Dark
                       theme, calendar, Group Mail, Encryption and
                       Security, and plenty of options for sorting and
                       managing mail.


                       Here we will see the simple ways to install
                       BlueMail on Debian-based operating systems.


                # ⚓ An_introduction_to_firewalld_rules_and_scenarios⠀⇛


                       The firewall is a critical security component of
                       your Linux system. See how to filter traffic with
                       zones and rules.


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_pgAdmin4_on_Ubuntu_20.04_–_TecAdmin⠀⇛


                       pgAdmin is an more advance alternative to
                       phppgadmin. It is the most popular and feature rich
                       Open Source administration platform for the
                       PostgreSQL database server. Which is available for
                       Linux, Unix, macOS and Windows operating systems.


                       pgAdmin 4 is the enhanced version and is a complete
                       rewrite of pgAdmin. Which includes a desktop
                       version written in NWjs as well as a web
                       application can be directly deployed on a web
                       server. The desktop version helps you to access it
                       from local machine, while the web server enables
                       you access from remote system.


                       In this tutorial, you will learn to install pgAdmin
                       4 on Ubuntu systems. Also include the steps to add
                       PostgreSQL server to pgAdmin.


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_AlmaLinux_8_Step_by_Step⠀⇛


                       The discontinuation of CentOS Linux by the CentOS
                       Project in favor of CentOS Stream heralded a lot of
                       uncertainty among developers and CentOS enthusiasts
                       alike. In case you are behind the news, check out
                       this announcement by CentOS Project. Many have
                       opted to settle for other flavors such as Debian
                       and OpenSUSE as a replacement given their stability
                       and reliability which was a hallmark associated
                       with CentOS.


                       The CloudLinux team stepped in and developed
                       AlmaLinux to fill the gap left by the departure of
                       CentOS Linux. Formerly known as Project Lenix,
                       AlmaLinux is an open-source fork of RHEL 8 intended
                       to fill the gap left by CentOS Linux. It promises
                       to be completely free and is in fact binary
                       compatible with RHEL8. In this guide, we show you
                       how you can install AlmaLinux 8 step-by-step. If
                       you have installed CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 before, then
                       installing AlmaLinux will be a breeze given the
                       similarities.


                # ⚓ How_to_use_Docker_Bench_for_Security_to_audit_your
                  container_deployments_–_TechRepublic⠀⇛


                       One of the biggest issues surrounding container
                       deployments is security. This is such an issue
                       because there are so many moving parts to be
                       checked. You might have your container manifests
                       perfectly secure, but what about your host? Or
                       maybe your host is sound, but your YAML files are
                       riddled with security holes.


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_TeamViewer_15_on_RHEL/CentOS/Fedora_and
                  Debian/Ubuntu⠀⇛


                       Teamviewer is a cross-platform, powerful, and
                       secure remote access and control software that can
                       connect to multiple devices simultaneously. It is
                       an all-in-one solution for remote support which can
                       be used for desktop sharing, online meetings, and
                       file transfer between devices connected over the
                       Internet.


                       It works on notable operating systems such as
                       Linux, Windows, Mac OS, Chrome OS, and mobile
                       operating systems such as iOS, Android, Windows
                       Universal Platform, and BlackBerry.


                # ⚓ How_to_Use_Bitwarden_to_Send_Encrypted_Text_or_Files_–_Make
                  Tech_Easier⠀⇛


                       If you use a password managers to manage and save
                       your passwords securely, then you might have heard
                       about Bitwarden. It is an open-source password
                       manager that is highly secure with a user-friendly
                       interface. However, one feature that few know of is
                       the ability to send encrypted text or files to
                       others. This feature was recently introduced to
                       Bitwarden in March 2021. Here, we show you how to
                       use Bitwarden to send encrypted text or files.


                # ⚓ How_to_Work_with_Hardlinks_and_Softlinks_in_Linux⠀⇛


                       Hardlinks and Softlinks are important concepts to
                       understand when you are working in a Unix-like
                       environment. In this article, we will discuss what
                       is the hard link and soft link and how to create
                       them in Linux.


                       Linux treats everything as a file. Whether it is a
                       block device, character device, socket, or named
                       pipe Linux will treat them as a file. Hardlinks and
                       soft links are also a type of file that is actually
                       created in reference to another file.


                # ⚓ How_To_Install_Atom_Text_Editor_on_Linux_Mint_20_–_idroot⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
                       Atom Text Editor on Linux Mint 20. For those of you
                       who didn’t know, Atom is an open-source, cross-
                       platform, feature enrich text editor developed by
                       Github. Atom has attractive features like cross-
                       platform editing, built-in package manager, smart
                       auto-completion, file-system browser, and many
                       more. Apart from features, its beautiful sleek
                       design makes it one of the best text editors for
                       developers.


                       This article assumes you have at least basic
                       knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
                       most importantly, you host your site on your own
                       VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
                       you are running in the root account, if not you may
                       need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
                       privileges. I will show you through the step-by-
                       step installation of Atom Text Editor on a Linux
                       Mint 20 (Ulyana).


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_Steam_on_Fedora_[Beginner's_Tip]_–_It’s
                  FOSS⠀⇛


                       Steam provides a desktop client and you can use it
                       to download or purchase games from the Steam store,
                       install the game and play it.


                       We have discussed installing Steam on Ubuntu in the
                       past. In this beginner’s tutorial, I am going to
                       show you the steps for installing Steam on Fedora
                       Linux.


                # ⚓ Containerize_and_deploy_Strapi_applications_on_Kubernetes
                  and_Red_Hat_OpenShift_–_Red_Hat_Developer⠀⇛


                       Strapi is the leading open-source headless content
                       management system (CMS). It’s 100% JavaScript,
                       fully customizable, and takes a developer-first
                       approach. Strapi provides you with an interface to
                       create and manage all the resources for your
                       website. You can then build a front end to connect
                       to your Strapi API with your favorite tools and
                       frameworks. Content editors can use the friendly
                       administration panel to manage and distribute
                       content. Strapi is also based on a plugin system,
                       which makes the CMS flexible and extensible.


                       Once you’ve built your resources with Strapi’s
                       administration panel and designed a nice front end
                       to serve the content, you will need to deploy the
                       application somewhere. This article shows you how
                       to deploy a Strapi application on a Kubernetes or
                       Red Hat OpenShift cluster.


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_Joomla_with_Apache_and_Let’s_Encrypt_SSL_on
                  Debian_10⠀⇛


                       Joomla is a free and open-source content management
                       system used to create, modify and manage the
                       content of a website. It is simple and easy to use
                       so you don’t need to have any HTML or CSS knowledge
                       to build the website. It is written in PHP and uses
                       MySQL as a database. It offers a wide range of
                       features that make it a flexible content management
                       system right out of the box. It comes with hundreds
                       of free extensions that allow you to customize and
                       extend the functionality.


                       In this tutorial, I will show you how to install
                       Joomla CMS with Apache and Let’s Encrypt on Debian
                       10.


                # ⚓ How_to_create_Cloudwatch_alarms_for_an_SQS_Queue_on_AWS⠀⇛


                       CloudWatch metrics for SQS queues are collected and
                       pushed to CloudWatch at one-minute intervals
                       automatically. These metrics are provided at no
                       charge in CloudWatch for both standard and FIFO
                       queues. Following are the metrics available in
                       Cloudwatch to view and analyze SQS queues.


                # ⚓ Transform_USB_printer_into_Wi-Fi_with_Raspberry_PI_and
                  Cups⠀⇛


                       Many of us have an USB printer which every time it
                       needs we have to take near our PC and connect with
                       its cable to print. Raspberry PI with CUPS can
                       transform our old USB printer into a more
                       comfortable Wi-Fi device, enabling a powerful and
                       useful home print server with CUPS


                       In this tutorial I’m goingo to show you how to
                       install CUPS in your Raspberry PI Zero W and setup
                       a basic printer server.


                       Print server is a computer able to share a printer
                       over a network. It also includes advanced features
                       like, for example, managing print jobs, applying
                       user-based permissions, keep under control printing
                       costs and so on.


                       Many of current enterprise-grade laser printers
                       already include some sort of printer server
                       capabilities, often connected to a central print
                       server to manage accounting, billing and
                       maintenance.


                # ⚓ How_To_Change_Your_Themes_In_Linux⠀⇛


                       Since so many viewers of the channel are trying out
                       minimal Linux distributions (like Arch Linux) and
                       installing window managers on top of that, one of
                       the common questions I get is “what programs do I
                       need to install to be able to change my program’s
                       themes?”


                # ⚓ How_to_reduce_lag_in_Friday_Night_Funkin_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛


                       Today we are looking at how to reduce lag in Friday
                       Night Funkin on a Chromebook. Please follow the
                       video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain
                       the process step by step and use the commands
                       below.


                       If you have any questions, please contact us via a
                       YouTube comment and we would be happy to assist
                       you!


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Euro_Truck_Simulator_2_expands_with_Iberia_DLC_out_now⠀⇛


                       Continuing to be one of the most popular games on
                       Steam, Euro Truck Simulator 2 from Prague-based SCS
                       Software expands once again with a fresh location
                       out now with the Iberia DLC release. Looks like SCS
                       did good again, as the user reviews are rolling in
                       and it’s looking good overall.


                       “The Iberian Peninsula is full of rich and diverse
                       landscapes, from semi-arid southeastern deserts to
                       the green coniferous forests. Iberia is home to
                       numerous historic villages and towns, narrow
                       streets, old churches and impressive castles. Visit
                       the capital of Spain, Madrid, the coastal capital
                       of Portugal, Lisboa, a wide amount of coastal
                       cities like Málaga and Olhão, and many of the
                       inland cities. Be an important part of the strong
                       export economy and deliver cargo from Iberia
                       through Europe.”


                # ⚓ Stadia_announces_even_more_games_coming,_Borderlands_3_free
                  for_a_few_days_on_Pro⠀⇛


                       Google continues announcing more and more games for
                       their cloud gaming / game streaming service Stadia,
                       with a bunch of indie games from their Stadia
                       Makers program coming. Plus new releases out now
                       and free play days for Borderlands 3.


                       First up the wonderful adventure The Darkside
                       Detective is out now on Stadia, plus the developer
                       announced the upcoming The Darkside Detective: A
                       Fumble in the Dark will be available on Stadia at
                       launch too.


                       Want to try out Stadia with another free game? As
                       long as you have Stadia Pro, which you get a free
                       month of when you make a Stadia account,
                       Borderlands 3 is free to play until Monday April 12
                       at 4PM UTC.


                # ⚓ Streets_Of_Rage_4_–_Mr._X_Nightmare_DLC_and_free_update
                  announced⠀⇛


                       Did you love Streets Of Rage 4? We sure did and
                       there’s plenty more of it coming with Streets Of
                       Rage 4 – Mr. X Nightmare. Additionally a free patch
                       is also planned!


                       “After the events of Streets of Rage 4, our heroes
                       wanted to prepare themselves for future threats.
                       Axel, Blaze and their mates will start a very
                       special deranged training with the help of Dr. Zan,
                       who built an AI program from the remnants of Mister
                       X’s brain that simulates every kind of danger they
                       could be facing.”


          o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾


                # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾


                      # ⚓ KDE_Launches_the_Qt_5_Patch_Collection⠀⇛


                             To support and maintain a stable Qt 5 for KDE
                             Gears and Frameworks, KDE will maintain a
                             patch collection.


                             At the end of 2020, Qt 6 was released to
                             serve as the next-gen Qt application
                             framework. This new iteration has made it
                             possible to deliver more modern software and
                             KDE has every plan to fully adopt this new
                             release for the entire software stack.


                             However, KDE still very much relies on Qt 5
                             for both desktop and applications. With KDE’s
                             goal of migrating to Qt 6, they had to do
                             something to ensure nothing falls by the
                             wayside. To that end, KDE has decided (until
                             Qt 6 adoption is finalized), to maintain a
                             collection of patches for the Qt 5.15
                             release. These patches will include both
                             security and standard fixes to make sure KDE
                             continues to remain secure and stable.


                      # ⚓ SoK_Final_Status_Report⠀⇛


                             For the Season of KDE 2021, I decided to work
                             on Okular’s website. Okular is a multifaceted
                             program that I use almost every day for my
                             PDF reading and annotating needs, although it
                             can do much more. Sadly, its website was a
                             bit outdated and not mobile friendly. I thus
                             proposed to rewrite the Okular website using
                             the HUGO framework, in a similar way as was
                             done with the kde.org main website, and
                             keeping consistency with other KDE
                             applications such as Konsole.


          o § Distributions⠀➾


                # § BSD⠀➾


                      # ⚓ [Old] Poudriere_Guide⠀⇛


                             The ports system is one of FreeBSD’s greatest
                             advantages for users who want flexibility and
                             control over their software. It enables
                             administrators to easily create and manage
                             source-based installations using a system
                             that is robust and predictable.


                             While the benefits of this feature are great,
                             some of the most common complaints against
                             port-based management are the time and
                             resources it takes to compile each software
                             program. This becomes even more of a problem
                             when you manage many servers, each compiling
                             its own ports. While FreeBSD packages offer
                             an alternative that speeds installation, they
                             sacrifice control that ports allow.


                             To resolve this issue, administrators can use
                             an application called Poudriere to create and
                             manage custom packages. While technically
                             designed to package a wide variety of
                             architectures, Poudriere is often used as a
                             packaging environment to package and host an
                             entire infrastructure of FreeBSD servers.


                # § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Ubuntu_MATE_21.04_Beta_Run_Through⠀⇛


                             In this video, we are looking at Ubuntu MATE
                             21.04 Beta. Enjoy!


                      # ⚓ Ubuntu_MATE_21.04_Beta⠀⇛


                             Today we are looking at Ubuntu MATE 21.04
                             Beta. It comes with Linux Kernel 5.11, MATE
                             Desktop 1.24, and uses about 1GB of ram when
                             idling. Enjoy!


                # § PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva Family⠀➾


                      # ⚓ What’s_the_Difference_between_Mageia_and
                        OpenMandriva?⠀⇛


                             Mandriva, an European operating system
                             originated from France, was once the easiest
                             to use computer OS before Ubuntu from the
                             family of GNU/Linux. It has two popular
                             derivatives namely Mageia and OpenMandriva
                             from France. For dear readers who are curious
                             about their differences and commonalities,
                             for example to start using computer with
                             either one, this comparison article is for
                             you. As a starter, in this article M means
                             Mageia and O means OpenMandriva. Let’s go!


                # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Two_Tumbleweed_Snapshots_Update_Fetchmail,_Mesa,
                        More⠀⇛


                             The two snapshots updated more than 30
                             packages and the latest snapshot, 20210406,
                             gave rolling release users an update of
                             Mozilla Firefox 87; the new release had
                             several fixes including a fix to the video
                             controls, which now have visible focus
                             styling. The video and audio controls are now
                             keyboard navigable. Firefox also sets a
                             useful initial focus in the Add-ons Manager.
                             New features in the browser release include
                             the “Highlight All” feature on the “Find in
                             Page”, which now displays tick marks
                             alongside the scrollbar that correspond to
                             the location of matches found on that page;
                             this is a great feature for those who do
                             keyword searches. Mozilla updates in the
                             snapshot were finished as Thunderbird updated
                             to version 78.9.0. The bugfix update for the
                             email client had some security fixes and a
                             fix for fields that were unreadable in the
                             Dark theme in the General preferences panel.
                             The update of fetchmail 6.4.18 fixed the
                             configuration parser in fetchmailconf, which
                             had an effect in version 6.4.16 when
                             –sslcertfile was added to the configuration
                             dump. The new version of fetchmailconf
                             –version now prints the Python version in
                             use. The snapshot gave users the 5.11.11
                             Linux Kernel, which had some changes for
                             btrfs and x86 KVM. Other packages updated in
                             the snapshot included spamassassin 3.4.5, git
                             2.31.1 and attr 2.5.1, which fixed a libtool
                             library versioning regression.


                # § Arch Family⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Arch_Linux_Adds_an_Easy-to-Use_Guided_Installer⠀⇛


                             Arch Linux has finally decided to add a
                             comfortable-to-use guided installer and let
                             people install the otherwise beloved
                             distribution on their machines in a few
                             minutes. Previously, the team behind the
                             project has refused to offer an official
                             installer, pointing users to third-party
                             solutions, lengthy instructions, and not so
                             helpful forum threads. After all, this is a
                             distro for power users, so there’s definitely
                             a bar keeping newcomers and noobs out.


                             The new installer, using the package name
                             ‘archinstall,’ offers a step-by-step guided
                             installation procedure that should last for
                             no longer than five minutes, according to
                             Michael Larabel, who gave it a spin. Users
                             select their desired language and the
                             graphical user interface of choice, set a
                             root account password, define the file-system
                             parameters, and then let the installer do the
                             drive partitioning with the given options.
                             Network interface configuration, package
                             updates, and every other basic thing are all
                             handled by the installer.


                # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾


                      # ⚓ How_a_growing_ecosystem_of_90+_partners_creates
                        opportunities_for_clients_with_IBM_Cloud_for_Financial
                        Services⠀⇛


                             In 2019, we introduced an industry-first
                             platform called the IBM Cloud for Financial
                             Services to help financial institutions host
                             mission-critical workloads with confidence
                             while adhering to stringent security and
                             compliance regulations. Today marks an
                             exciting milestone for IBM. The IBM Cloud for
                             Financial Services, now supporting Red Hat
                             OpenShift and other cloud-native services, is
                             generally available and backed by EY, Tata
                             Consultancy Services, and a growing ecosystem
                             of more than 90 independent software vendors
                             (ISVs) and software-as-a-service (SaaS)
                             providers.


                      # ⚓ Build_and_run_regulated_workloads_in_the_cloud⠀⇛


                             Maintaining compliance with industry
                             regulations and avoiding costly and
                             embarrassing security breaches are now a
                             standard part of any software modernization
                             or cloud migration effort. In July of 2020,
                             IBM introduced the IBM Cloud Framework for
                             Financial Services and the IBM Cloud for
                             VMware Regulated Workloads designed to reduce
                             the time to migrate and deploy on the cloud.
                             Today, IBM announced additional options for
                             banks to run regulated workloads in the cloud
                             with support for managed Red Hat OpenShift on
                             IBM Cloud and virtual services on an advanced
                             virtual private cloud (VPC) infrastructure.
                             In this post, I cover a few of the most
                             important developer-focused areas that are
                             part of the IBM Cloud for Financial Services.


                      # ⚓ IBM,_Red_Hat_partner_with_Celonis_on_process_mining
                        software⠀⇛


                             IBM and Red Hat have struck a partnership
                             with Celonis to push process mining software
                             that identifies inefficiencies in business
                             processes across an enterprise.


                             The Celonis Execution Management System (EMS)
                             pulls real-time data from enterprise resource
                             planning (ERP) and customer relationship
                             management (CRM) systems and applies process
                             intelligence and automation capabilities to
                             improve execution of business processes
                             across an organization. The product primarily
                             targets organizations engaged in digital
                             transformation projects.


                      # ⚓ More_Peer_Reviews_–_Learn_What_Customers_Say_About
                        Oracle_Linux_on_Trust_Radius⠀⇛


                             As we discussed in a previous blog about peer
                             review platforms, these mediums are becoming
                             increasingly important to buyers when making
                             IT purchasing decisions. This blog will cover
                             the reviews customers have been giving Oracle
                             Linux on TrustRadius.


                             TrustRadius is a trusted review site for
                             business technology. Optimized for content
                             quality and data integrity, it helps buyers
                             make better product decisions based on
                             unbiased and insightful reviews. TrustRadius
                             also help vendors harness and scale the
                             authentic voice of its customers. Oracle
                             Linux is one of the many products a customer
                             can evaluate on TrustRadius.


                # § Debian Family⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Sean_Whitton:_consfigurator-live-build⠀⇛


                             One of my goals for Consfigurator is to make
                             it capable of installing Debian to my laptop,
                             so that I can stop booting to GRML and
                             manually partitioning and debootstrapping a
                             basic system, only to then turn to
                             configuration management to set everything
                             else up. My configuration management should
                             be able to handle the partitioning and
                             debootstrapping, too.


                             The first stage was to make Consfigurator
                             capable of debootstrapping a basic system,
                             chrooting into it, and applying other
                             arbitrary configuration, such as installing
                             packages. That’s been in place for some weeks
                             now. It’s sophisticated enough to avoid
                             starting up newly installed services, but I
                             still need to add some bind mounting.


                             Another significant piece is teaching
                             Consfigurator how to partition block devices.
                             That’s quite tricky to do in a sufficiently
                             general way – I want to cleanly support
                             various combinations of LUKS, LVM and regular
                             partitions, including populating /etc/
                             crypttab and /etc/fstab. I have some ideas
                             about how to do it, but it’ll probably take a
                             few tries to get the abstractions right.


                             Let’s imagine that code is all in place, such
                             that Consfigurator can be pointed at a block
                             device and it will install a bootable Debian
                             system to it. Then to install Debian to my
                             laptop I’d just need to take my laptop’s disk
                             drive out and plug it into another system,
                             and run Consfigurator on that system, as
                             root, pointed at the block device
                             representing my laptop’s disk drive. For
                             virtual machines, it would be easy to write
                             code which loop-mounts an empty disk image,
                             and then Consfigurator could be pointed at
                             the loop-mounted block device, thereby making
                             the disk image file bootable.


                             This is adequate for virtual machines, or
                             small single-board computers with tiny
                             storage devices (not that I actually use any
                             of those, but I want Consfigurator to be able
                             to make disk images for them!). But it’s not
                             much good for my laptop. I casually referred
                             to taking out my laptop’s disk drive and
                             connecting it to another computer, but this
                             would void my laptop’s warranty. And
                             Consfigurator would not be able to update my
                             laptop’s NVRAM, as is needed on UEFI systems.


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Eyecam_open-source_webcam_will_make_you_feel_spied
                        on⠀⇛


                             Most people will use webcams connected to a
                             computer or integrated into a laptop without
                             thinking about the possibility of being spied
                             on, but Eyecam will certainly raise awareness
                             and make you feel like somebody is truly
                             watching.


                             The open-source webcam is shaped like a human
                             eye and acts like one thanks to a Raspberry
                             Pi camera and an Arduino board controlling
                             six servos for eyeball, eyelids, and eyebrows
                             movements.


                      # ⚓ Eyecam_is_a_creepy_webcam_shaped_like_a_human_eye⠀⇛


                             How much of what you did today has been
                             monitored and recorded? If you don’t know, or
                             haven’t considered it, then this
                             anthropomorphic webcam by researchers at
                             Saarland University in Germany might just
                             start up that mental conversation. That’s
                             because their Eyecam is always watching.


                             The device looks like an incredibly realistic
                             eyeball, complete with surrounding flesh,
                             eyelids, and an eyebrow. Inside is a series
                             of six servo motors that allow it to gaze
                             around the room and emote, under the control
                             of an Arduino Nano. The Eyecam also includes
                             a tiny HD camera, which is fed into a
                             Raspberry Pi Zero to be recognized by a
                             computer as a plug-and-play webcam.


                      # ⚓ Using_PinePhone⠀⇛


                             I was asking at the mailing lists about ofono
                             configuration for PinePhone… and apparently
                             it is not exactly simple to get it to work.
                             (One thing is that there’s no “RING”
                             indication on AT channels, and it looks
                             there’s more.)


                      # ⚓ Open_Source_FPGA_Launches_Foundation_to_Accelerate
                        Widespread_Adoption_of_Programmable_Logic⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ DIY_Raspberry_Pi_Compute_Module_4_NAS_supports_up_to
                        four_drives⠀⇛


                             This carrier board design is actually derived
                             from the official Raspberry Pi CM4 IO board
                             with only the interfaces needed for the NAS
                             to make it smaller and fit within the width
                             of a standard 3.5″ hard drive. It was also
                             made as simple as possible because it was
                             Mebs’ first PCB design.


                             This leaves the board with Gigabit Ethernet,
                             one HDMI port, a USB 2.0 port, the PCIe 2.0
                             socket, as well as some headers for power
                             (board and SATA), a small I2C OLED display,
                             temperature sensor, GPIOs, and fan control.


                      # ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_automatically_refills_your_water
                        bottle⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Allwinner_plans_to_release_Linux_capable_RISC-V_SOC
                        this_year⠀⇛


                             Searching for more info about their new H313
                             SOC I found old news from August 2020, where
                             Allwinner announce the development of AP SOC
                             with RISC-V and praising Open Source Hardware
                             and the open ISA of RISC-V.


                             They say in this announcement that they will
                             have AP (application processor) SOC with
                             RISC-V in 2021!


                # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Android_Auto_is_getting_a_major_upgrade_to_take_on
                        Apple_CarPlay_—_here’s_how_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ TomTom_AmiGO_now_available_on_Android_Auto_|
                        Automotive_Industry_News_|_just-auto⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Google_deleted_this_Android_app_from_the_Play_Store;
                        you_still_need_to_delete_it_from_your_phone_–
                        PhoneArena⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Google_Android_team_embraces_Rust_for_Android_OS
                        development_|_InfoWorld⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ PUBG:_New_State_surpasses_10_million_sign-ups
                        globally_for_Android_|_Articles_|_Pocket_Gamer⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Tecno_Spark_7_(Android_Go)_Price_in_India,
                        Specifications,_Comparison_(9th_April_2021)⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ ASUS_ROG_Phone_3_gets_second_Android_11_closed_beta⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Revised_Volvo_XC60_on_sale_with_new_Android
                        infotainment_system⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Nokia_G20_appears_on_Geekbench_running_Android_11_|
                        Nokiamob⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Vivo_Y19_Receiving_Android_11-Based_Funtouch_OS_11
                        Update,_Users_Report_|_Technology_News⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Redmi_Note_9_Pro,_Redmi_Note_9_Pro_Max_may_get
                        Android_11_update_this_month_–_Technology_News⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_Tab_S5e_gets_Android_11_update_with
                        One_UI_3.1_–_GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Samsung_now_offers_three_years_of_major_Android
                        updates_for_Galaxy_A_phones_–_Android_Authority⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ LG_confirms_up_to_three_Android_OS_updates_for
                        premium_smartphones_–_GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Best_Game_Boy_&_Game_Boy_Advance_Emulators_for
                        Android_2021_|_Android_Central⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Best_Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Neighbours_from
                        Hell,_more_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Google’s_redesigned_Play_Store_could_be_on_your
                        Android_device_right_now_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Where’s_the_Menu?_How_to_Use_the_Play_Store’s_New
                        Interface_on_Android⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ How_to_restore_deleted_photos_or_videos_on_Android:
                        Step-by-step_guide_–_Information_News⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Rust_To_Provide_New_Foundations_for_Android_OS
                        Security⠀⇛


          o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ 4_ways_open_source_gives_you_a_competitive_edge⠀⇛


                       Building a tech stack is a major decision for every
                       organization. While picking the right tools will
                       set your team up for success, picking the wrong
                       solutions or platforms can have devastating effects
                       on productivity and profitability. To succeed in
                       today’s fast-paced world, organizations must make
                       smart investments in digital solutions that enable
                       them to move faster and increase operational
                       agility.


                       This is precisely why more and more organizations
                       of all sizes and across all industries are
                       embracing open source solutions. According to a
                       recent McKinsey report, open source adoption is the
                       biggest differentiator for top-performing
                       organizations.


                # § Web Browsers⠀➾


                      # § Mozilla⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Support.Mozilla.Org:_What’s_up_with_SUMO_–_Q1
                              2021⠀⇛


                                   Starting from this month, we’d like to
                                   reenact our old tradition to have the
                                   summary of what’s happening in our SUMO
                                   nation. But instead of weekly like the
                                   old days, we’re going to have a monthly
                                   updates. This post will be an exception
                                   though, as we’d like to recap the
                                   entire Q1 of 2021.


                            # ⚓ Sequoia:_Super_Powering_End-To-End_Email
                              Encryption_In_Mozilla_Thunderbird⠀⇛


                                   We are thrilled to release the first
                                   version of the Octopus, an alternate
                                   OpenPGP backend for Thunderbird built
                                   on top of Sequoia.


                                   The Octopus is a drop-in replacement
                                   for RNP, the OpenPGP library shipped
                                   with Thunderbird 78. In addition to
                                   providing all of the RNP functionality
                                   that Thunderbird uses, the Octopus also
                                   includes a number of enhancements.
                                   These fall into several categories. The
                                   Octopus restores some functionality
                                   that was present in Enigmail, but
                                   removed or has not yet been
                                   reimplemented in Thunderbird’s OpenPGP
                                   integration. In particular, the Octopus
                                   uses GnuPG’s keystore, interacts with
                                   gpg-agent, integrates GnuPG’s web of
                                   trust information, and updates
                                   certificates in the background. The
                                   Octopus includes a number of security
                                   fixes and improvements. For instance,
                                   it fixes Thunderbird’s insecure message
                                   composition, and automatically encrypts
                                   in-memory secret key material at rest.
                                   The Octopus adds a few performance
                                   improvements, such as, parsing the
                                   keyring in the background and using
                                   multiple threads. And, the Octopus has
                                   better support for parsing less usual,
                                   but not necessarily esoteric,
                                   certificates and keys.


                # § FSF⠀➾


                      # § GNU Projects⠀➾


                            # ⚓ GNUnet_0.14.1_Is_Released⠀⇛


                                   The latest version of the technically
                                   interesting GNU overlay network GNUnet
                                   so buggy you are lucky if it stays up
                                   for five minutes before gnunet-service
                                   crashes and you’re disconnected from
                                   the network. The sparse graphical GTK
                                   applications for it are still
                                   practically useless jokes that look
                                   like they were coded by a drunk
                                   highschool student during a lunch-
                                   break.


                # § Public Services/Government⠀➾


                      # ⚓ LocalGov_Drupal:_a_successful_story_of_open
                        cooperation_between_and_within_UK_Councils⠀⇛


                             In the span of a year, the council of
                             Brighton and Hove has fully open sourced its
                             publishing platform. By sharing knowledge and
                             skills, Croydon (and others) could do the
                             same – but in one-third of the time.


                # § Openness/Sharing/Collaboration⠀➾


                      # § Open Access/Content⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Covid-19_underlines_the_need_for_full_open
                              access⠀⇛


                                   The fight against Covid-19 has
                                   illuminated the value of rapid and
                                   borderless access to research. But
                                   while most coronavirus studies were
                                   commendably made freely available to
                                   all, it remains a different matter for
                                   much of the world’s publicly funded
                                   university research.


                                   Change is possible, however.
                                   Publishers, research institutions and
                                   their funders are now working together
                                   to deliver open access (OA) publishing
                                   that enables high-quality research
                                   output to be accessed free at the point
                                   of publication.


                # § Programming/Development⠀➾


                      # ⚓ IBM_Set_To_Release_COBOL_Compiler_For_Linux⠀⇛


                             IBM has announced that they will release a
                             proprietary GNU/Linux version of their IBM
                             COBOL compiler on April 16th. The Linux
                             version will be fully compatible with IBM’s
                             existing COBOL compiler products for z/OS and
                             AIX. Pricing is unknown.


                      # ⚓ STMicroelectronics_releases_Cellular_IoT_Discovery
                        Kit⠀⇛


                             STMicroelectronics B-L462E-CELL1 Discovery
                             kit brings together the critical hardware and
                             software building blocks to quickly develop
                             power-conscious Cellular IoT devices that
                             connect to the Internet through LTE-Cat M and
                             NB-IoT networks.


                      # ⚓ Andy_Wingo:_sign_of_the_times⠀⇛


                             Hello all! There is a mounting backlog of
                             things that landed in Guile recently and to
                             avoid having to eat the whole plate in one
                             bite, I’m going to try to send some shorter
                             missives over the next weeks.


                             Today’s is about a silly thing, dynamic-link.
                             This interface is dlopen, but “portable”.
                             See, back in the day — like, 1998 — there
                             were lots of kinds of systems and how to make
                             and load a shared library portably was hard.
                             You’d have people with AIX and Solaris and
                             all kinds of weird compilers and linkers
                             filing bugs on your project if you hard-coded
                             a GNU toolchain invocation when creating
                             loadable extensions, or hard-coded dlopen or
                             similar to use them.


                             Libtool provided a solution to create
                             portable loadable libraries, which involved
                             installing .la files alongside the .so files.
                             You could use libtool to link them to a
                             library or an executable, or you could load
                             them at run-time via the libtool-provided
                             libltdl library.


                      # ⚓ HPVM_1.0_Released_As_LLVM-Based_Compiler_For_CPUs_/
                        GPUs_/_FPGAs_/_Accelerators⠀⇛


                             The latest open-source compiler
                             infrastructure effort seeking to target a
                             wide spectrum of devices from CPUs through
                             GPUs, FPGAs, and accelerators is HPVM. The
                             HPVM project today celebrated its 1.0
                             milestone.


                             Like most compiler projects these days, HPVM
                             is based on the LLVM compiler stack. HPVM was
                             also born at the University of Illinois where
                             LLVM itself was first started. We covered the
                             initial work on HPVM more than a year ago in
                             University of Illinois Releases HPVM As
                             Heterogeneous Parallel Systems Compiler.


                      # § Python⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Improve_Your_Python_Skills_by_Coding_a_Snake
                              Game⠀⇛


                                   Snakes like to eat apples. At least in
                                   the game you are about to code.


                                   We just published a course on the
                                   freeCodeCamp.org YouTube channel that
                                   will teach you how to create a snake
                                   game using Python and Pygame.


                                   This course was developed by Dhaval
                                   Patel from the popular codebasics
                                   YouTube channel.


                                   This course is for beginners. All you
                                   need to know is basic Python. You will
                                   learn to build a complete end-to-end
                                   project in Python.


                      # § Rust⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Gping:_Rust_Clones_For_Everyone_And
                              Everything⠀⇛


                                   I’ve covered tons of rust rewrites/
                                   clones on this channel and today we’re
                                   covering another one, this is Gping, a
                                   rust clone of Ping but with a graph,
                                   however it does a bit more than just
                                   pinging servers.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ Waiting_since_1972:_Vladivostok_family_receives_apartment_after
            nearly_50_years_on_social_housing_waitlist⠀⇛


                 In 1972, Elena Safonova’s parents moved into a barrack in
                 Russia’s far-eastern city of Vladivostok. They applied
                 for social housing and were put on a waitlist, where they
                 remained for the rest of their lives. At one point, six
                 Safonov family members were living in that same barrack.
                 Though Elena’s parents have since passed away, she
                 continued the family’s fight for social housing. On April
                 7, a Vladivostok court satisfied a claim from municipal
                 prosecutors, who had confirmed that the Safonov family
                 had been waiting for adequate housing for nearly 50
                 years.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Giraffe_Genome_Reveals_Relevant_Adaptations⠀⇛


                       The giraffe is the tallest extant terrestrial
                       animal, and its iconic long neck (6 feet) provides
                       advantages for foraging for food and detecting
                       predators on the veldt over long distances. As a
                       consequence, however, the giraffe has a blood
                       pressure two-fold higher than other ruminant
                       animals needed to bring blood to the brain that is
                       so far away from the animal’s heart.


                       An earlier (2016) study of giraffe genome and
                       genome of the related okapi (Okapia johnstoni) was
                       not optimal, being restricted to 17,210 genes
                       identified by comparison to cattle (Bos taurus)
                       genome. Last Wednesday, a team of Chinese and Norse
                       scientists published a paper entitled “A towering
                       genome: Experimentally validated adaptations to
                       high blood pressure and extreme stature in the
                       giraffe,” in Science Advances. In this paper, the
                       authors described their work on Rothschild’s
                       giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi), which
                       provided a higher “completeness” for this genome
                       than previous studies. The analysis provided the
                       sequence of a 2.44 Gb assembly covering about 98%
                       of giraffe genomic DNA. Using comparisons with
                       genomic DNA of cattle, goat, and okapi (with sperm
                       whale as “outgroup”), the authors reported an
                       assemblage of a putative common ancestor between
                       giraffe and cattle; this resulted in a prediction
                       of an evolutionary history of 4 chromosome fissions
                       and 17 fusions that has resulted in the 15 haploid
                       chromosome complement of modern giraffes (albeit
                       admitting the need for further analysis to
                       understand the significance of this result).


          o § Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ Dream_Jobs_Are_a_Myth,_and_More_Wisdom_From_‘An_Ordinary
                  Age’⠀⇛


                       Over the past year, COVID-19 has radically altered
                       young adulthood as we know it. It has disrupted
                       timelines and milestones, like graduations or
                       securing a first job. It has exacerbated
                       inequities, and reconfirmed what young people
                       already knew: this isn’t a one-size-fits-all phase
                       of life, and young adults are firmly living in the
                       “real” world, packed with real pressures and
                       responsibilities. It has also isolated us, left us
                       feeling uniquely alone: Like we’re the only ones
                       who might have a “messy” path, or not know what
                       comes next. Like we’re the only ones who feel we’ve
                       failed in some way.


                       The stories of young adulthood in this book won’t
                       capture every lived experience, but my hope is that
                       the narratives shared in it remind us that we
                       aren’t in it alone, and reminds you that you’re
                       good enough — right now, as is. Not your best self,
                       not your future self: Your ordinary self, right
                       now.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ Next_victim_of_chip_shortage_will_be_your_home_[Internet]
                  router⠀⇛


                       Carriers have been quoted order times as long as 60
                       weeks, more than doubling previous waits, according
                       to people familiar with the matter, who asked not
                       to be named because the discussions are private.


                       Sharp coronavirus manufacturing shutdowns a year
                       ago were exacerbated by a prolonged surge in demand
                       for better home broadband equipment, said Karsten
                       Gewecke, head of European regional business for
                       Zyxel Communications Corp, a Taiwan-based router-
                       maker. Since January, it’s asked customers to order
                       products a year in advance, he said, because the
                       lead time for components like chips from Broadcom
                       Inc. doubled to a year or more since then.


                # ⚓ Sixty-Week_Delay_on_Router_Orders_Shows_Scale_of_Chip
                  Crisis⠀⇛


                       Broadband providers are seeing delays of more than
                       a year when ordering internet routers, becoming yet
                       another victim of chip shortages choking global
                       supply chains and adding challenges for millions
                       still working from home.


                       Carriers have been quoted order times as long as 60
                       weeks, more than doubling previous waits, according
                       to people familiar with the matter, who asked not
                       to be named because the discussions are private.


          o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾


                # ⚓ Fauci_Admits_PPE_Shortages_Under_Trump_Increased_Covid
                  Death_Toll_of_Frontline_Healthcare_Workers⠀⇛


                       More than 3,600 health workers died of Covid-19
                       during the first year of the pandemic, according to
                       a new investigation.


                       Dr. Anthony Fauci, the top infectious disease
                       expert in the U.S., admitted in an interview with 
                       The Guardian Thursday that major shortages of
                       masks, gloves, and other personal protective
                       equipment under the Trump administration
                       contributed to the deaths of more than 3,600
                       healthcare workers during the first year of the
                       coronavirus pandemic.


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Showering_Big_Pharma_With_Taxpayer_Dollars_Won’t
                  Solve_Vaccine_Supply_Issues⠀⇛


                       Privatization has left us scrambling for vaccines
                       in today’s pandemic—a dangerous situation that last
                       week drove the desperate Trudeau government to
                       announce a $415 million federal contribution to the
                       expansion of vaccine production capacity at the old
                       Connaught plant, now owned by French pharmaceutical
                       giant Sanofi Pasteur.


                       Canada’s faltering COVID-19 vaccine rollout is all
                       the more stunning in light of news that little Cuba
                       is on the brink of having its own vaccine—actually
                       one of five COVID vaccines being developed by the
                       tiny nation’s booming biotech industry.


                # ⚓ Russian_Direct_Investment_Fund_asks_Slovakia_to_return
                  batch_of_‘Sputnik_V’_vaccines⠀⇛


                       The Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) has asked
                       Slovakia to return a batch of “Sputnik V”
                       coronavirus vaccines.


                # ⚓ Headlines_April_08,_2021⠀⇛


                       Global coronavirus cases are soaring to levels not
                       seen since January’s record peak of infections, led
                       by massive outbreaks across Europe, the Americas
                       and parts of Asia.


                # ⚓ New_York_City_Kills_COVID_Rule_That_Led_to_Repeated_School
                  Closings_Despite_No_Evidence_of_Outbreaks⠀⇛


                       New York City announced on Thursday an end to its
                       rule that had led to thousands of public school
                       closures despite little evidence of COVID-19
                       outbreaks. Schools will now only be closed if
                       testing shows there is viral spread within a
                       school.


                       Under the old rule, schools were closed if testing
                       found two positive results, regardless of the
                       school’s size and even if the cases were apparently
                       unlinked, such as those involving kids grades apart
                       who never crossed paths. ProPublica contacted 10
                       epidemiologists and physicians, nearly all of whom
                       said the policy didn’t make sense. “It’s
                       ridiculous. Obviously ridiculous,” said Dr. Uché
                       Blackstock, a former professor at New York
                       University who now runs a firm focused on
                       addressing racial inequities in health care.


                # ⚓ When_Births_Go_Horribly_Wrong,_Florida_Protects_Doctors_and
                  Forces_Families_to_Pay_the_Price⠀⇛


                       A birth gone horribly wrong left Jasmine Acebo with
                       profound brain damage and a bleak future, one
                       defined by wheelchairs, mechanical airways, feeding
                       tubes, frequent hospitalizations, in-home nursing
                       and constant pain.


                       Unable to work, her overwhelmed mother became
                       dependent on food stamps and sometimes cash
                       assistance. She watched helplessly when her newborn
                       convulsed with seizures. She saw her daughter turn
                       blue and nearly suffocate during a feeding.


                # ⚓ I_Got_My_Second_Shot_Yesterday_—_and_the_US_Saw_73,200_New
                  COVID_Cases⠀⇛


                       I’m not sure what I was expecting after receiving
                       my second COVID vaccine shot. Would the skies part
                       in glory? Would flights of angels sing me a tune?
                       Maybe some dancing Grateful Dead bears on the hood
                       of my car? “One way or another, this darkness has
                       got to give…”


                # ⚓ Michigan_signals_the_emergence_of_a_B.1.1.7_pandemic_in_the
                  United_States⠀⇛


                       The seven-day moving average stands at 6,431 daily
                       COVID-19 cases, up nearly six-fold from its lows in
                       mid-February. The positivity rate on tests has
                       climbed to 17 percent, meaning that 17 of every 100
                       COVID-19 tests confirm a new infection, up from a
                       low of 3.1 percent more than a month ago.


                       Based on genetic testing, health officials
                       estimated that 70 percent of new Michigan cases are
                       caused by the B.1.1.7 variant, also known as the UK
                       variant, which devastated southeast England last
                       December and has since crossed the Atlantic and
                       become the dominant variant in Florida and much of
                       the Northeast and Midwest.


          o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾


                # ⚓ [Old] signify:_Securing_OpenBSD_From_Us_To_You⠀⇛


                       There was a PGP usability study conducted a few
                       years ago where a group of technical people were
                       placed in a room with a computer and asked to set
                       up PGP. Two hours later, they were never seen or
                       heard from again. Even though the end user is
                       actually shielded in most cases from ever directly
                       interacting with signify, I felt it was important
                       that users be able to quickly understand how
                       everything worked.


                       We wanted to ensure all the code involved in
                       signing met our quality standards. Without
                       digressing too much, we have much more control over
                       the quality of code that’s developed in tree versus
                       code developed elsewhere and imported.


                       The complexity of the code is also a factor. All
                       those complex features require lots of complex
                       code, which balloons the size of the import and
                       makes auditing nearly impossible. Even if a perfect
                       PGP codebase existed, how would we be able to
                       identify it? Or as Prof. Green put it, “Can someone
                       who built GnuPG 2.1.1 on Debian/Ubuntu give me a
                       hint on which libgpg-error you used?” If he doesn’t
                       which libgpg-error to use, I doubt I’m going to
                       pick the right one.


                # § Proprietary⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Screw_it,_I’ll_host_it_myself⠀⇛


                             A drinking game recommendation (careful, it
                             may and probably will lead to alcoholism):
                             take a shot every time you find out how
                             someone’s data has been locked and their
                             business was jeopardized because they didn’t
                             own, or at least back up their data.


                             Owning your data and your tools


                             Owning your data is more than just having
                             backup copies of your digital information.
                             It’s also about control and privacy. It’s
                             about trust. I don’t know about you, but I
                             don’t trust a lot of services with my data
                             (the ones I do are few and far between).


                      # ⚓ Major_DC_insurance_provider_[cracked]_by_‘foreign
                        cybercriminals’⠀⇛


                             CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield’s Community
                             Health Plan District of Columbia (CHPDC)
                             suffered a data breach carried out by what it
                             described as a “foreign cybercriminal” group
                             in January that potentially impacted
                             sensitive data, the company told customers
                             this week.


                             The insurance provider notified customers in
                             writing through a letter obtained by The Hill
                             and through an online announcement on Monday.


                      # ⚓ British_software_reseller_files_£270_million
                        antitrust_court_action_against_Microsoft⠀⇛


                      # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾


                            # ⚓ pngoverlay-cairo_utility_now_in_woofQ [Ed: It
                              is a longstanding issue that Puppy Linux, EasyOS
                              and so on are outsourced to GitHub (Microsoft).
                              When people bring that up in the forums it
                              doesn't go down so well and Barry wants to
                              abandon those forums.]⠀⇛


                                   EasyOS, and older pups, have the
                                   ‘pngoverlay’ utility, which overlays
                                   two 48×48 PNG images. We use it to
                                   create the “close box” on the partition
                                   icons on the desktop.
                                   /usr/sbin/pngoverlay is written in
                                   BaCon, and has been very troublesome.
                                   It requires the executable to be in the
                                   same folder as the icons, if build it
                                   in OE, a cross-compile environment, it
                                   compiles but segfaults when try to use
                                   it. It changes the “PWD” variable, that
                                   I commonly use in scripts — that one
                                   took me by surprise!
                                   We also have /usr/sbin/pngoverlay.sh,
                                   that uses ‘netpbm’ utilities. It was
                                   broken but I fixed it in 2020.
                                   Mick (01micko on the forum) has written
                                   two replacements in C, ‘pngoverlay-gtk’
                                   and ‘pngoverlay-cairo’. I am now
                                   retiring the BaCon ‘pngoverlay’ and
                                   using Mick’s ‘pngoverlay-cairo’.


                            # ⚓ AMD_ROCm_4.1.1_Released_To_Clarify_Some_HIP
                              Bits [Ed: AMD ought to delete GitHub because it
                              is proprietary software for Microsoft monopoly]⠀⇛


                                   Toward the end of March was the AMD
                                   ROCm 4.1 release with a few new
                                   features. Released today is ROCm 4.1.1
                                   with seemingly no real code changes but
                                   just to clarify two items around ROCm’s
                                   HIP.


                                   ROCm 4.1.1 brings documentation updates
                                   around HIP for their environment
                                   variable handling and HIP installation
                                   instructions.


                            # ⚓ Elastic_and_Confluent_Partner_to_Develop
                              Enhanced_Experience_for_Kafka_and_Elasticsearch
                              Users⠀⇛


                                   Today, Elastic (NYSE: ESTC) announced
                                   an expanded strategic partnership with
                                   Confluent, Inc. to deliver the best
                                   integrated product experience to the
                                   Apache Kafka® and Elasticsearch
                                   community. Through this alliance,
                                   Elastic and Confluent will enhance
                                   existing product integrations and
                                   jointly develop new capabilities to
                                   help users easily combine the benefits
                                   of the Elastic Stack and Kafka.


                      # § Security⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Encryption_is_either_secure_or_it’s_not_–_there
                              is_no_middle_ground⠀⇛


                                   The principle of end-to-end encryption
                                   underpins a system of communication
                                   where only the communicating users can
                                   read the messages. To this end, it
                                   exists to prevent any potential
                                   eavesdroppers (telecom providers,
                                   internet providers, law enforcement
                                   agencies) from being able to access the
                                   cryptographic keys needed to decrypt
                                   the conversation.


                            # ⚓ Microsoft_Teams_And_Zoom_Hacked_In_$1_Million
                              Competition⠀⇛


                            # ⚓ Pwn2Own_2021_–_Security_researchers_hack
                              Exchange,_Teams,_Zoom,_Safari,_Chrome,_Edge,
                              Parallels,_Windows,_Ubuntu⠀⇛


                            # ⚓ Google_Chrome_blocks_port_10080_to_stop_NAT
                              Slipstreaming_attacks
                              ⠀⇛


                                   As this vulnerability only works on
                                   specific ports monitored by a router’s
                                   Application Level Gateway (ALG),
                                   browser developers have been blocking
                                   vulnerable ports that do not receive a
                                   lot of traffic.


                                   Currently, Google Chrome is blocking
                                   FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS access on ports
                                   69, 137, 161, 554, 1719, 1720, 1723,
                                   5060, 5061, and 6566.


                                   Today, Google has stated that they
                                   intend to block TCP port 10080 in
                                   Chrome, which Firefox has already
                                   blocked since November 2020.


                            # § Surveillance⠀➾


                                  # ⚓ “Vaccine_Passports”:_ACLU_Warns_of
                                    Privacy_Nightmare_That_Could_Create_“Two-
                                    Tiered_Society”⠀⇛


                                         As people try to find a safe way
                                         to gather and travel during the
                                         pandemic, there is growing
                                         interest in documenting who has
                                         been vaccinated or tested
                                         negative for COVID-19. The World
                                         Health Organization has warned
                                         so-called vaccine passports may
                                         not be an effective way to
                                         reopen, and healthcare
                                         professionals argue vaccine
                                         certificates may further
                                         exacerbate vaccine inequality.
                                         New York is already testing a
                                         digital vaccine passport app made
                                         by IBM called the Excelsior Pass,
                                         while countries including the
                                         U.K. and Israel have issued their
                                         own versions of electronic
                                         vaccine certificates. The U.S.
                                         government has ruled out the
                                         introduction of mandatory vaccine
                                         passports at the federal level,
                                         but many private companies are
                                         now developing COVID-19 tracking
                                         systems. ACLU policy analyst Jay
                                         Stanley says smartphone-based
                                         vaccine passport apps “raise a
                                         lot of questions” around privacy,
                                         access and discrimination. “We
                                         have systems in place already for
                                         proving you’ve been vaccinated,”
                                         he says. “Is that system so
                                         broken that we need to construct
                                         an entirely new electronic
                                         system?”


                                  # ⚓ The_Virtual_Wall:_Documents_Show_CBP
                                    Plans_For_Surveillance_Towers_At_US-Mexico
                                    Border⠀⇛


                                         The United States government
                                         plans to expand a program for
                                         monitoring the Mexico border
                                         through cutting edge artificial
                                         intelligence technology.


                                         At the vanguard of the project is
                                         Anduril, a nerd-chic tech firm
                                         with ties to Palantir. Delivery
                                         orders, statements of work, and
                                         contracts obtained by Shadowproof
                                         help to illustrate the scope and
                                         potential outcomes of Anduril’s
                                         work with U.S. Customs and Border
                                         Protection (CBP). 


                                  # ⚓ Fallback_Directories_–_Upcoming_Change⠀⇛


                                         This is to announce that the Tor
                                         Project network team will soon
                                         change how fallback directories
                                         are selected as we are about to
                                         update that list.


                                  # ⚓ Corona_pass_can_be_doctored,_warns_IT
                                    security_expert⠀⇛


                                         Peter Kruse, the founder of IT
                                         security company CSIS, points out
                                         to DR that it “does not take a
                                         genius” to reuse the result of an
                                         old test to make it look like it
                                         is one carried out within the
                                         last 72 hours.


                                         “It is virtually impossible for a
                                         teacher or a hairdresser to check
                                         whether a test result is
                                         legitimate when the results are
                                         issued as they do,” he lamented.


                                         All it takes is two clicks on an
                                         [Internet] browser, he added.


                                  # ⚓ Another_day,_another_data_breach._Here’s
                                    how_to_see_if_you’ve_been_exposed⠀⇛


                                         In early April, security experts
                                         made public the details of yet
                                         another Facebook data breach,
                                         this one affecting over half a
                                         billion users. As originally
                                         reported by Business Insider,
                                         personal information on 533
                                         million Facebook users spanning
                                         106 countries surfaced in a
                                         hacking forum, with records
                                         including email addresses, phone
                                         numbers, full names, locations,
                                         birthdays, and relationship
                                         statuses. This data traces back
                                         to a vulnerability fixed by
                                         Facebook in 2019, which allowed
                                         the scraping of profiles.


                                  # ⚓ Got_your_covid_shots?_You_might_have_to
                                    prove_it. [Ed: Linux_Foundation pushing
                                    mass_surveillance again, using_COVID]⠀⇛


                                         “It’s a jumble,” says Jenny
                                         Wanger, who oversees covid-
                                         related initiatives for Linux
                                         Foundation Public Health. “This
                                         is all just a sign of how
                                         massively underfunded our public
                                         health infrastructure has been
                                         for so many years.”


                                  # § Confidentiality⠀➾


                                        # ⚓ [Old] Ed25519_for_SSH⠀⇛


                                               To summarize: Ed25519 is a
                                               modern and secure public-
                                               key signature algorithm
                                               that brings many desirable
                                               features, in particular the
                                               resistance against several
                                               side-channel attacks.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Ukraine_says_it_will_no_longer_visit_Minsk_for_peace_talks.
                  Is_this_another_sign_of_future_conflict?⠀⇛


                       Kyiv will no longer be sending its delegation to
                       Minsk for negotiations within the framework of the
                       Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine ( TCG). The
                       reason? “Belarus today is under the influence of
                       Russia and Kyiv has no trust in this territory.”
                       This was announced by Ukraine’s Deputy Prime
                       Minister Oleksii Reznikov on Monday, April 5 — his
                       pronouncement came against the backdrop of an
                       ongoing escalation of the conflict in eastern
                       Ukraine. Meduza spoke with sources close to the
                       Ukrainian leadership to find out whether these
                       statements could threaten the entire negotiation
                       process.


                # ⚓ ‘More_offensive_than_defensive’_Open_source_analysts_trace
                  Russian_troops_to_an_army_camp_in_the_Voronezh_region_—_on
                  the_border_with_government-controlled_Ukrainian_territory⠀⇛


                       Russian troops are concentrating in a new army camp
                       in the Voronezh region, reports the Moscow-based
                       Conflict Intelligence Team (CIT). Based on open
                       source analysis, CIT determined that Russian forces
                       are setting up camp about 250 kilometers (155
                       miles) from Ukraine — in an area that borders
                       territory controlled by Kyiv, not the self-
                       proclaimed people’s republics. While CIT describes
                       this position as “more offensive than defensive,”
                       its analysts still believe that this “threatening”
                       deployment may very well be an effort to ratchet up
                       the pressure on Kyiv and Washington.


                # ⚓ Ex-Iranian_Diplomat:_Revived_Nuclear_Talks_Must_Start_with
                  U.S._Lifting_of_Crippling_Sanctions⠀⇛


                       The United States and Iran are holding more
                       indirect talks as part of a push to revive the 2015
                       Iran nuclear deal, after former President Donald
                       Trump pulled out of the accord nearly three years
                       ago. The two countries agreed to set up two expert-
                       level working groups along with other signatories
                       of the 2015 deal, which is formally known as the
                       Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA. While
                       Iran formally remains in the JCPOA, it has faced
                       international criticism for increasing production
                       of nuclear materials it says are for peaceful
                       purposes. The United States has imposed some 1,600
                       different sanctions on Iran in a move that has also
                       made it harder for Iranians to import food and
                       medicine, a situation that became even more dire
                       during the pandemic. The main hurdle to reviving
                       the nuclear deal is doubt over the U.S. commitment
                       to diplomacy, says Seyed Hossein Mousavian, Middle
                       East security and nuclear policy specialist at
                       Princeton University and former spokesperson for
                       Iran on its nuclear negotiations with the European
                       Union. “The U.S. needs to do some serious steps to
                       revive the trust,” Mousavian says.


                # ⚓ Pentagon_campaign_to_recruit_Vietnam_as_military_ally
                  against_China_exposed_delusions_of_US_war_strategy⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Nobel_Peace_Prize_Winner_Jody_Williams_Slams_Biden_Admin
                  for_Claiming_Landmines_Are_a_“Vital_Tool”⠀⇛


                       The Biden administration is facing criticism from
                       human rights groups after it announced this week it
                       will leave in place a Trump-era policy to allow
                       military commanders to use landmines across the
                       globe. A Pentagon spokesperson described landmines
                       as a “vital tool in conventional warfare” and said
                       restricting their use would put American lives at
                       risk, despite Biden’s campaign promise to promptly
                       roll back Trump’s policy. Jody Williams, recipient
                       of the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize for her work with the
                       International Campaign to Ban Landmines, says
                       landmines were invented “in order to maim people”
                       and have a devastating impact on children, women
                       and the elderly around the world. “It is an
                       indiscriminate weapon that has no place on this
                       planet.”


                # ⚓ Biden_Administration_Slammed_for_Claiming_Landmines_Are_a
                  “Vital_Tool”⠀⇛


                       The Biden administration is facing criticism from
                       human rights groups after it announced this week it
                       will leave in place a Trump-era policy to allow
                       military commanders to use landmines across the
                       globe. A Pentagon spokesperson described landmines
                       as a “vital tool in conventional warfare” and said
                       restricting their use would put American lives at
                       risk, despite Biden’s campaign promise to promptly
                       roll back Trump’s policy. Jody Williams, recipient
                       of the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize for her work with the
                       International Campaign to Ban Landmines, says
                       landmines were invented “in order to maim people”
                       and have a devastating impact on children, women
                       and the elderly around the world. “It is an
                       indiscriminate weapon that has no place on this
                       planet.”


                # ⚓ Strasbourg_Mosque_a_Lightning_Rod_for_Broader_French-
                  Turkish_Tensions⠀⇛


                       PARIS – The cement skeleton of the unfinished Eyyub
                       Sultan mosque in France’s eastern city of
                       Strasbourg has become a repository for myriad
                       grievances, ranging from local partisan wrangling
                       to longstanding friction between Islam and this
                       country’s staunchly secular creed.


                       The grievances also reflect mounting fears within
                       the European Union about Turkey’s growing
                       international influence.


                       Claiming concern over foreign — and specifically
                       Turkish — meddling, a top French official launched
                       legal proceedings this week against a decision by
                       Strasbourg’s leftist government to subsidize the
                       construction of the mosque, designed to be Europe’s
                       largest.


                # ⚓ China_is_betting_that_the_West_is_in_irreversible_decline⠀⇛


                       China’s rulers are majoritarians. Their hold on
                       power involves convincing most citizens that
                       prosperity, security and national strength require
                       iron-fisted, one-party rule. They unblushingly put
                       the interests of the many over those of the few,
                       whether those individuals are farmers evicted to
                       build a dam, ethnic minorities re-educated to
                       become biddable workers, or dissenters who must be
                       silenced. China is a hard challenge for liberal
                       democrats precisely because its tyranny in the name
                       of the majority is backed by lots of Chinese,
                       albeit at a terrible cost to outliers and
                       minorities. Today, Chinese ideas about global
                       governance sound like a majoritarian world order.
                       Ruan Zongze, a scholar at the foreign ministry’s Xi
                       Jinping Diplomatic Research Centre, explained the
                       official line in a press briefing. He denied that
                       China wanted to export its values. But he outlined
                       a vision of multilateralism-by-majority that—by
                       according no special legitimacy to liberal
                       norms—would be a safe haven for Chinese autocracy.
                       Mr Ruan scorned governments that “use the pretext
                       of democracy to form alliances”. He called that
                       “fake multilateralism”, adding that developing
                       countries need not endure finger-pointing from a
                       West that does not speak for the world. As engines
                       of global growth, China and other emerging
                       economies should have a bigger say, he declared.
                       “Those who represent future trends should be the
                       leading force.”


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Despite_Pandemic_Shutdowns,_CO2_Now_at_Levels_Unseen_in_3.6
                  Million_Years⠀⇛


                       NOAA warned that carbon dioxide and methane
                       “continued their unrelenting rise in 2020.”


                       U.S. government scientists warned Wednesday that
                       despite temporary drops in planet-heating emissions
                       due to shutdowns triggered by the ongoing
                       coronavirus pandemic, “levels of the two most
                       important anthropogenic greenhouse gases, carbon
                       dioxide and methane, continued their unrelenting
                       rise in 2020.”


                # § Energy⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Sanders_Slams_Big_Oil_CEO_Who_Refuses_to_Testify_at
                        Senate_Climate_Hearing⠀⇛


                             “These companies are producing a significant
                             percentage of the carbon that we use, which
                             is destroying our planet, and we want to know
                             what they are doing to transform their
                             companies away from fossil fuel.”


                             In the latest example of Big Oil’s failure to
                             face public scrutiny for a global crisis
                             driven primarily by its products, Sen. Bernie
                             Sanders said Thursday that a fossil fuel CEO
                             has refused an invitation to testify at a
                             congressional hearing on climate change next
                             week. 


                      # ⚓ Greenpeace_Takes_Aim_at_Fossil_Fuel_Subsidies_in
                        Biden_Tax_Plan⠀⇛


                             Greenpeace USA responded critically on
                             Wednesday after the U.S. Department of the
                             Treasury released a new report offering more
                             details about President Joe Biden’s Made in
                             America tax plan — part of the $2 trillion
                             jobs and infrastructure proposal that the
                             president unveiled last week.


                      # ⚓ Could_a_‘Crypto_Climate_Accord’_erase
                        cryptocurrencies’_carbon_footprint?⠀⇛


                             The “accord” is led by the private sector —
                             not governments — and outlines a few
                             preliminary objectives. It seeks to
                             transition all blockchains to renewable
                             energy by 2030 or sooner. It sets a 2040
                             target for the crypto industry to reach “net
                             zero” emissions, which would involve reducing
                             pollution and turning to strategies that
                             might be able to suck the industry’s
                             historical carbon dioxide emissions out of
                             the atmosphere.


                             Lastly and perhaps most realistically, it
                             aims to develop an open-source accounting
                             standard that can be used to consistently
                             measure emissions generated by the crypto
                             industry. They also want to develop software
                             that can verify how much renewable energy a
                             blockchain uses.


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Tallinn_street_to_close_for_two_weeks_to_help_frogs
                        migrate⠀⇛


                             A street in Tallinn’s Haabersti district will
                             temporarily close for two weeks to allow
                             thousands of frogs to safely migrate to their
                             spring breeding grounds.


                      # ⚓ Mexican_Wolf_Depredation_Investigations…Again⠀⇛


                             Both of the reports are about really young
                             dead calves, estimated to have been killed 6
                             – 12 days prior, in close (~20 yards)
                             proximity to each other. There were no wolf
                             tracks near either scene, but “It was
                             reported that a wolf was seen in the area the
                             previous day.” Notwithstanding the fact that
                             the kill occurred well before the wolf was
                             reportedly seen, or that only coyote tracks
                             and scat were found at the scene, these two
                             calves were confirmed as having been killed
                             by Mexican wolves.


                             And I won’t post the pics here but if you are
                             so inclined to check them out at the docs
                             linked above, do those photos look like bite
                             marks or hemorrhaging to you, or might it
                             just be some blood pooling up in the limbs
                             after sitting for 6-12 days? And what’s with
                             the scraped-off fur being measured in the
                             second photo of the second file? Maybe the
                             caliper points looked more damning in person?
                             Dunno. I’m no expert, but it seems a little
                             less than conclusive.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ Median_Worker_Makes_$3,250_Less_Per_Year_Than_in_1979_Due
                  to_Decline_in_Unions⠀⇛


                       As unionization and collective bargaining have
                       declined in the U.S., wages have also declined for
                       the average worker over the past four decades,
                       finds a new report by the Economic Policy Institute
                       (EPI) released Thursday.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ Ulyanovsk_regional_governor_resigns_after_16_years_in
                  office_to_run_for_State_Duma⠀⇛


                       The governor of Russia’s Ulyanovsk region, Sergey
                       Morozov, has announced his resignation, as well as
                       his plans to run for the Russian State Duma.


                # ⚓ McConnell-Led_Opposition_to_Infrastructure_Plan_May_Haunt
                  GOP_in_Next_Elections⠀⇛


                       From his candidacy announcement in 2015 until the
                       last months of his dismal presidency, Donald Trump
                       supported big infrastructure plans — in theory. In
                       fact, as the pandemic took root, he argued that,
                       with interest rates low and investors looking for
                       safe places to park their money, the time was right
                       for a $2 trillion investment in infrastructure
                       upgrades.


                # ⚓ GOP_Threatens_to_Out_Donors_as_“Defectors”_to_Trump_If_They
                  Don’t_Give_Monthly⠀⇛


                       The political fundraising arm for Republicans in
                       the House of Representatives and Republican House
                       candidates used a pre-checked box on its website
                       that threatened donors with outing them to former
                       President Donald Trump if they unchecked it. The
                       box, if left checked, would set donors up to become
                       recurring givers to the National Republican
                       Congressional Committee (NRCC).


                # ⚓ Are_Virginia_Democrats_Running_Progressive_Challengers_Out
                  of_the_2021_Primary?⠀⇛


                       The Democratic Party’s post-Trump revival began in
                       Virginia in 2017. That’s when a state, local and
                       national backlash against the racist demagogue
                       helped the party win the top three races—governor,
                       lieutenant governor, and attorney general—and 15
                       House of Delegate seats, missing taking the
                       majority by a tie in one district, which got
                       settled by selecting the name of the winner, a
                       Republican, from a ceramic bowl. Democrats then
                       took the majority of Virginia’s House of
                       Representatives delegation in 2018, and won control
                       of the state General Assembly, both the House of
                       Delegates and the state Senate, in 2019.


                       But to paraphrase the old rap song: more
                       incumbents, more problems. Now some Virginia
                       Democrats are in a circular firing squad, with
                       progressive party insurgents blasting the
                       establishment. Last week the state Board of
                       Elections, chaired by a Democrat, disqualified
                       three House of Delegates candidates who were
                       challenging Democratic incumbents, for various
                       problems with filing campaign paperwork. All three
                       happen to be Black. The state NAACP quickly spoke
                       out against “the appearance of disparate treatment
                       of candidates of color…who sought to challenge
                       incumbent legislators.”


                # ⚓ Karen_Carter_Peterson’s_Ready_to_Bring_Some_‘Don’t_Mess
                  Around’_Progressivism_to_D.C.⠀⇛


                       When then–Representative Steve King, a white
                       nationalist Republican from Iowa, attacked
                       Hurricane Katrina victims in 2019, he learned that
                       you don’t mess with Karen Carter Peterson. King
                       claimed at a 2019 town hall meeting in his district
                       that Iowans were prepared to help one another after
                       disasters hit, while Louisianans responded to the
                       2005 hurricane by “looking around saying, ‘who’s
                       gonna help me, who’s gonna help me?’”


                       Peterson, a progressive Democrat who has since 1999
                       represented New Orleans in the state House and
                       state Senate, tore into King.


                # ⚓ Manchin_Pens_Op-Ed_Against_Filibuster_Reform,_Using_Section
                  304_to_Pass_Bills⠀⇛


                       Senator Joe Manchin, a conservative Democrat from
                       West Virginia and a key vote in the evenly divided
                       “upper chamber” of Congress, penned an op-ed this
                       week that reiterated he would not support changes
                       to the filibuster, while also indicating he may
                       stand opposed to other means Democrats could use to
                       avoid GOP obstruction of legislation.


                # ⚓ Ted_Cruz_Illegally_Used_Campaign_Funds_to_Promote_His_Book,
                  Watchdog_Says⠀⇛


                       Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) broke campaign finance law
                       in using donations to fund promotions for his book,
                       a government watchdog alleged Wednesday.


                # ⚓ Grassroots_Organizers_Mobilize_to_Defend_Kshama_Sawant
                  Against_Recall_Effort⠀⇛


                       On April 1, Washington State’s Supreme Court ruled
                       that a recall campaign against Kshama Sawant,
                       Seattle’s unabashedly socialist city councilor,
                       could proceed. Having won a string of
                       groundbreaking victories for working people, Sawant
                       has earned the fierce ire of capital.


                # ⚓ Putin_and_Merkel_discuss_Donbas_and_Navalny⠀⇛


                       On Thursday, April 8, Russian President Vladimir
                       Putin had a phone conversation with German
                       Chancellor Angela Merkel, reports the Kremlin press
                       service. 


                # ⚓ Russian_court_jails_Navalny_supporters_for_prison_rally⠀⇛


                       A district court in the Vladimir Region has
                       sentenced four of Alexey Navalny’s supporters to
                       administrative arrest for their involvement in a
                       protest rally outside of the penal colony where he
                       is being held on Tuesday, April 6.


                # ⚓ Australian_Minister’s_Phone_[Cracked]_as_Report_Reveals
                  Hong_Kong_Link⠀⇛


                       A second senior Australian government minister has
                       revealed his mobile phone was [cracked] through the
                       Telegram messaging app, with a media report saying
                       the phishing scam was aimed at revealing contact
                       details of pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong.


                       Health Minister Greg Hunt’s office said in an
                       emailed statement on Thursday that “a cyber
                       security attempt to impersonate the minister has
                       been referred to the Australian Federal Police and
                       investigations are underway.” That follows Monday’s
                       statement by Finance Minister Simon Birmingham that
                       he had been targeted.


                # ⚓ Events_in_the_long_life_of_Britain’s_Prince_Philip⠀⇛


                       1921: Prince Philip is born on the Greek island of
                       Corfu, the only son of Prince Andrew, younger
                       brother of the king of Greece. His mother is
                       Princess Alice of Battenberg.
                       1922: The family relocates to France after Philip’s
                       father is forced into exile. His uncle, the king,
                       is forced to abdicate during general unrest.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Russia_Ramps_Up_Censorship_Beef_With_Twitter_Using_Deep
                  Packet_Inspection_Tech⠀⇛


                       Over the last decade Russia has accelerated the
                       government’s quest to censor the internet. That was
                       most conspicuous with the passage of a 2016
                       surveillance bill that not only mandated encryption
                       backdoors, but effectively banned VPN providers
                       from operating in the country unless they were
                       willing to spy and censor at Putin’s behest. Many
                       VPN providers weren’t keen on that, so they simply
                       stopped doing business in the country.


                # ⚓ Lawyer_Whose_Main_Claim_To_Fame_Is_Suing_A_News_Org_To_Get
                  It_Shut_Down,_Now_Complains_About_‘Cancel_Culture’⠀⇛


                       As a bit of a reminder/disclaimer, Charles Harder
                       was the main lawyer in the lawsuit against us, in
                       which the plaintiff said directly that his intent
                       was that we needed to be shut down. Of course,
                       Harder’s bigger claim to fame was his success in
                       shutting down Gawker, thanks to a concerted effort
                       by a billionaire who didn’t like Gawker’s
                       reporting.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Border_Wall_Construction_May_Continue_as_Biden_Is_Pushed_to
                  Permanently_Scrap_It⠀⇛


                       Although President Joe Biden vowed on the campaign
                       trail to stop the construction of the southern
                       border wall promoted by his predecessor, the White
                       House as of this week has not yet asked Congress to
                       revoke the project’s funding, and a Cabinet member
                       reportedly admitted that the administration may
                       still authorize additional work to fortify some
                       unfinished sections of the barrier, including
                       installing surveillance technologies in certain
                       areas.


                # ⚓ Exactly_Where_Was_Derek_Chauvin’s_Knee,_and_Does_It
                  Matter?⠀⇛


                       Stiger said kneeling on Floyd for as long as
                       Chauvin did amounted to deadly force, because “the
                       pressure that was being caused by the body weight
                       could cause positional asphyxia.” He said the
                       danger of positional asphyxia, which has been
                       widely recognized for decades, exists whenever a
                       handcuffed arrestee is restrained on his stomach
                       for an extended period of time. He noted that
                       applying pressure magnifies that risk.


                # ⚓ Early_vote_counts_show_Amazon_warehouse_workers_not_likely
                  to_unionize_in_Bessemer,_Alabama⠀⇛


                       As vote-tallying paused for the night, 1,100
                       employees had voted against unionizing, compared to
                       463 in favor. The tally presented a nearly
                       insurmountable climb for union supporters to obtain
                       the 1,608 votes needed to win.


                # ⚓ Amazon_union_vote_in_Alabama_draws_55_percent_turnout⠀⇛


                       More than half of the employees at Amazon’s
                       Bessemer, Ala., warehouse voted in the high-stakes
                       union election, according to the Retail, Wholesale
                       and Department Store Union (RWDSU).


                       Turnout exceeded the labor group’s expectations,
                       with more than 3,200 ballots submitted to the
                       National Labor Relations Board. More than 5,800
                       workers were eligible to vote.


                       But the turnout does not give any clear indication
                       of whether a majority of workers cast ballots to
                       unionize.


                # ⚓ Public_vote_counting_starts_for_Amazon_union_drive_in
                  Alabama⠀⇛


                       The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) has begun
                       publicly tallying votes for a proposed Amazon
                       workers’ union in Alabama, which would be the first
                       of its kind nationwide. The count, conducted over
                       Zoom, may not include all potentially eligible
                       ballots, but it will offer an early look at the
                       results.


                       The Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union
                       (RWDSU) announced yesterday that 3,215 ballots were
                       received from the roughly 5,800 workers at BHM1, a
                       fulfillment center located in Bessemer, Alabama.


          o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Uninformed_Legislators_Shoot_Down_Right_To_Repair
                  Legislation_In_Colorado⠀⇛


                       As we’ve noted a few times, 2021 is seeing record
                       interest in new right to repair laws. Driven by
                       grass roots activism, such laws are being pushed in
                       more than fourteen states. Most variations not only
                       protect your right to repair hardware you own, they
                       open the door to more independent repair shops, and
                       fewer corporate giants attempting to monopolize
                       repair (Apple, John Deere, Microsoft, Sony, many
                       more).


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # ⚓ Big_Talk_on_Big_Tech—but_Little_Action⠀⇛


                       U.S. Sen. Amy Klobuchar didn’t mince words about
                       Mark Zuckerberg.


                       The Facebook founder was effectively a hypocrite,
                       Klobuchar said in March, as she opened her first
                       hearing as chair of the Senate subcommittee on
                       antitrust. Zuckerberg and his fellow tech titans
                       talk a good game about the need for “disruptive”
                       new technologies and companies to keep capitalism
                       fresh and vital. But during his time as Facebook
                       CEO, Zuckerberg has crushed or simply purchased any
                       start-up that might disrupt Facebook’s dominance,
                       said Klobuchar, a Minnesota Democrat. And she
                       trotted out Zuckerberg’s own emails to prove it—in
                       one he lamented that if new brands “grow to a large
                       scale, they could be very disruptive to us.” In
                       another, Zuckerberg wrote that when one is building
                       market dominance, “it is better to buy than
                       compete.”


                       That is what he’s done, carefully buying out
                       potentially competitive platforms such as Instagram
                       and WhatsApp. Nor have Zuckerberg and his fellow
                       multibillionaires had to worry much about
                       solidifying their dominance as Washington mostly
                       looked the other way for the past few decades.
                       Instead, Klobuchar said, legislators have typically
                       responded by “holding hearings and throwing popcorn
                       at a screen.”


                # § Patents⠀➾


                      # ⚓ German_firm_Graf_von_Westphalen_makes_push_into
                        patent_litigation [Ed: What the heck is this? What
                        happened to JUVE? It’s marketing spam by Konstanze
                        Richter, disguised as ‘articles’… yet again. Some
                        publications that used to do “OK” work have either shut
                        down or defected to PR/marketing/spam, i.e. lying to
                        people as their new business model. How is this even an
                        article? It should be marked “advertising”.]⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Simmons_&_Simmons_strengthens_London_and_Amsterdam
                        teams_with_patent_attorneys [Ed: Even Christina
                        Schulze, who used to do actual journalism, has been
                        reduced to marketing spam for aggressive firms. Pure
                        spam, not reporting, is their business model now.]⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ European_Patent_Office:_So_You_Missed_a_Deadline_–
                        What’s_Your_Excuse?⠀⇛


                             In decision J 0010/20, a Board of Appeal of
                             the European Patent Office had to consider
                             several excuses for missed deadlines:


                             1. “I filed the grounds of appeal six weeks
                             late because of COVID-19!”


                             The Board considered whether the appeal was
                             admissible in view of the European Patent
                             Office’s Notice of 1 May 2020, which stated
                             that because of “the disruptions due to the
                             COVID-19 outbreak” all periods expiring on or
                             after 15 March 2020 were extended to 2 June
                             2020.


                             The Board did not agree with the analogous
                             application of Rule 134(2) EPC used in this
                             EPO notice, since Rule 134(2) EPC only refers
                             to the delivery or transmission of mail, and
                             it was questionable whether it can be applied
                             to more general disruptions.


                      # ⚓ New_EPO_Guidelines_for_Examination:_Key_changes_for
                        the_life_sciences_industry⠀⇛


                             A new edition of the EPO Guidelines for
                             Examination (‘the guidelines’) came into
                             force on 1 March 2021. Relevant to life
                             sciences, this edition includes a new
                             subsection detailing EPO practice with
                             respect to the interpretation of terms
                             relating to amino or nucleic acid sequences,
                             as well as a new section on the examination
                             of claims to antibodies.


                             [...]


                             The new guidelines now state that a novel,
                             further antibody binding to a known antigen
                             does not involve an inventive step unless a
                             surprising technical effect is shown by the
                             application, such as an improved affinity, an
                             improved therapeutic activity, a reduced
                             toxicity or immunogenicity, an unexpected
                             species cross-reactivity, or a new type of
                             antibody format with proven binding activity.


                             If inventive step relies on an improved
                             property in comparison to the antibodies of
                             the prior art (which must be enabled), the
                             main characteristics of the method for
                             determining the property must also be
                             indicated in the claim or by reference to the
                             description. Notably, in the case of binding
                             affinity, the structural requirements for
                             conventional antibodies inherently reflecting
                             this affinity must typically comprise the six
                             CDRs and the framework regions because the
                             framework regions also can influence the
                             affinity.


                             An inventive step can also be acknowledged if
                             the application overcomes technical
                             difficulties in producing or manufacturing
                             the claimed antibodies.


                      # ⚓ OLD_VERSUS_NEW:_A_look_at_the_new_patent_regime⠀⇛


                             Patents are a very important form of
                             intellectual property (IP). It is one of the
                             hardest IP rights to obtain. It gives the
                             owner of a patent a monopoly on the
                             exploitation of an invention for a period of
                             time. Some well-known examples are
                             pharmaceuticals and medicines, which can be
                             very high revenue earners for the patent
                             owner while the patent is in existence.


                             On January 23, 2020, the Jamaican Parliament
                             passed the long-awaited Patents and Designs
                             Act (the New Act). The New Act will replace
                             the Patent Act, 1857 (the Old Patent Act) and
                             the Designs Act, 1937 (the Old Designs Act).
                             The New Act is not yet in force, and there
                             has been no indication as to when it will
                             come into force.


                             The New Act will allow Jamaica to participate
                             in the Patent Cooperation Treaty (the PCT).
                             The PCT is an international patent law treaty
                             and provides a unified procedure for filing
                             patent applications to protect inventions in
                             each of its contracting states. By filing one
                             international patent application under the
                             PCT, applicants can simultaneously seek
                             protection for an invention in many
                             countries. The PCT now has 153 Contracting
                             States.


                      # ⚓ Nokia_settles_patent_fight_with_Lenovo⠀⇛


                             Finland’s Nokia has settled a multi-year
                             patent fight with China’s Lenovo Group, the
                             world’s biggest PC maker, resolving all
                             pending litigation across all jurisdictions,
                             the companies said on Wednesday.


                             While terms of the cross-license agreement
                             remain confidential, Lenovo will make a net
                             balancing payment to Nokia, the Finnish
                             telecom equipment maker said.


                      # ⚓ This_week_in_IP:_Google_v_Oracle_unpacked,_EUTM
                        celebrates_25th_birthday,_USPTO_creates_COVID_award
                        [Ed: Microsoft has_turned_Nokia_into_a_parasite]⠀⇛


                             Nokia announced on Wednesday, April 7, that
                             it had settled all patent licensing
                             litigation with Chinese company Lenovo over
                             the alleged infringement of 20 video-
                             compression technology patents.


                             Though the terms of the cross-licensing
                             agreement remain confidential, Lenovo has
                             agreed to make a net balancing payment to
                             Nokia.


                             Jenni Lukander, president of Nokia
                             Technologies, said: “We are delighted to have
                             reached an agreement with Lenovo. The
                             agreement reflects Nokia’s decades-long
                             investments in R&D and contributions to
                             cellular and multimedia standards.


                             “We appreciate, and very much respect, the
                             constructive spirit Lenovo brought to our
                             negotiations, and look forward to working
                             together to bring further innovation to their
                             users around the world.”


                             Nokia began its litigation with Lenovo in
                             2019 and had cases in the US, Germany and
                             Brazil. In September the Lower Regional Court
                             of Munich issued an injunction against the
                             Chinese company and ordered a recall of all
                             products from retailers. Two months later the
                             Munich Higher Regional Court stayed the
                             injunction.


                             John Mulgrew, chief IP officer of Lenovo,
                             commented: “Our agreement with Nokia reflects
                             the value of both Nokia’s technology
                             leadership and Lenovo’s continued investment
                             in 5G innovation. The global accord struck
                             will enable future collaboration between our
                             companies for the benefit of customers
                             worldwide.”


                             Nokia is a leading standard essential patent
                             owner with more than 3,500 patent families
                             declared essential to 5G and over 20,000
                             families in total.


                             The settlement resolves all pending
                             litigation and proceedings in all
                             jurisdictions between the two companies.


                      # ⚓ Todos_Medical_Receives_Notice_of_Allowance_from
                        European_Patent_Office_for_Patent_Application_Covering
                        Diagnosis_of_Cancer_Using_Proprietary_Artificial
                        Intelligence_TBIA_Immune_Profiling_Platform [Ed; "Hey
                        hi" buzzwords sneaked in again to get patents on
                        algorithms (classification)?]⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Immutep_Jumps_on_European_Inroads⠀⇛


                             Immutep Limited (NASDAQ:IMMP) rose sharply in
                             Thursday trading. Immutep shares gained 5% on
                             Wednesday after the company announced the
                             grant of patent number EP3317301 entitled
                             “Combination therapies comprising antibody
                             molecules to LAG-3″ by the European Patent
                             Office.


                      # ⚓ Brazilian_Supreme_Court_grants_preliminary_injunction
                        that_puts_pharmaceutical_patents_at_risk⠀⇛


                      # § Software Patents⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Giving_AI_Inventorship_Would_Be_A_Bridge_Too
                              Far,_Judge_Says [Ed: Stop calling algorithms "Hey
                              hi"]⠀⇛


                # § Trademarks⠀➾


                      # ⚓ LEGO_wins_design_patent_case_against_German_company
                        at_EU_court⠀⇛


                             A European court has ruled in favor of the
                             Danish toy giant, finding that its building
                             block design is protected. Critics say the
                             firm is using its heft to crush competition.


                      # ⚓ Then_and_now:_25_years_of_the_EU_trademark [Ed:
                        Lawyers-funded think tank doing puff pieces about
                        EUIPO, which has a_corruption_problem]⠀⇛


                             With the EUIPO celebrating a significant
                             milestone, Managing IP looks backs at the
                             early days of the EU trademark and how it has
                             drawn in 2.2 million filings since


                             [...]


                             Away from trademarks, the registered
                             Community design had become available in
                             2003, giving an extra weapon in the armoury
                             of companies operating in the EU.


                             Amid these improvements, trademark filings
                             have remained popular outside as well as
                             inside EU borders. Graulund says the long-
                             lasting popularity of the CTM/EUTM in the US
                             is unsurprising – “it’s convenient to have
                             Europe in one go” – while Sammon suggests
                             that China’s top position in 2020 shows how
                             well trusted the system is further afield.


                             But despite the overwhelmingly positive
                             appraisal of the past 25 years, there are
                             some concerns that from those on the ground.
                             As McLeod notes, there is an increasingly and
                             arguably too rigid approach to classification
                             and inherent registrability. “I am not sure
                             that penalising applicants whose
                             specifications do not fit – by denying them
                             fast-track processing – is fair, particularly
                             when you consider how fast technology moves
                             these days.”


                             There are bound to be challenges, of course,
                             but from the outside looking in, it seems the
                             EUIPO is self-confident enough to deal with
                             whatever challenges the future may hold.
                             Here’s to another 25 years.


                # § Copyrights⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Taylor_Swift_Fans_Share_Notes_on_How_to_Make_the_Old
                        ‘Fearless’_Disappear⠀⇛


                             Friday, Swift will be releasing “Fearless
                             (Taylor’s Version),” a remake of her 2008
                             sophomore album, and it’s understood that
                             many Swifties who support the singer’s
                             choices will want to retire the original from
                             their digital collections or playlists. But
                             what if songs from “Fearless” — Big Machine’s
                             version — accidentally pop up as choices on
                             streaming sites, like old boyfriends whose
                             pictures you thought you’d burned but hadn’t?
                             Is there a way to make these unsightly
                             reminders of songs that had once been most-
                             playeds but have now joined the self-
                             forbidden list never appear as recommended
                             possibilities again?


                             There is. The Twitter account @swifferupdates
                             is one of at least several offering advice on
                             how to make Swift’s OG Big Machine tracks (or
                             at least the ones that she has yet released
                             replacements for) disappear from fans’
                             Spotify recommendations for good.


                      # ⚓ Cloudflare_Doubts_DMCA_Takedown_Company’s_Fake
                        Employee_and_Special_Bots⠀⇛


                             Cloudflare has faced quite a few copyright
                             challenges in courts already, but a case
                             filed by two wedding dress manufacturers is
                             taking an unforeseen turn. At a Pennsylvania
                             federal court, the CDN provider filed a
                             motion to demand evidence from the companies’
                             DMCA takedown partner, to find out more about
                             a fake employee profile and its speedy
                             takedown bots.


                      # ⚓ Jetflicks_Defendant_Knew_Pirate_Site_Was_Illegal,
                        Threatened_to_Report_Founder_to_MPAA⠀⇛


                             Before it was shut down, Jetflicks was
                             reportedly one of the largest pirate
                             streaming services in the US. To date, three
                             defendants have indicated that they relied on
                             professional advice suggesting the platform
                             was legal but the Government is far from
                             convinced. According to a new filing, the
                             defendants knew exactly what they were doing
                             and one even threatened to report another to
                             the MPAA.


                      # ⚓ What_Google’s_API_copyright_win_over_Oracle_means⠀⇛


                             If you listen to Oracle, then the Supreme
                             Court of the United States (SCOTUS) deciding
                             that application programming interfaces (API)
                             can’t be strictly copyrighted because fair
                             use applies was an awful decision. Google,
                             the victor, disagrees. But, while this was a
                             major win for Google, it was an even bigger
                             win for all software developers — yes, even
                             Oracle’s — and for open API and open-source
                             software in particular.


                      # ⚓ The_Google_Vs_Oracle_Saga_Is_Finally_Over._The_US
                        Supreme_Court_Ruled_In_Favor_Of_Google.⠀⇛


                             The American Oracle-corporation filed a
                             lawsuit against the American Google-
                             corporation of over Google’s use of Java API
                             headers on the Android platform in August
                             2010. That saga is finally over after it had
                             dragged for more than a decade. The supreme
                             court rules that Google’s use of the API
                             headers in questions does not violate
                             Oracle’s imaginary property rights.


                             The Google vs Oracle court-case over Google’s
                             use of Java API headers was kind of a big
                             deal ages ago. Google took 11,500 lines of
                             API headers and structures from Sun’s Oracle-
                             owned Java implementation and used that as a
                             vital part of their Android operating system.


                             A judge which some programming experience
                             ruled in Google’s favor in 2012. Oracle
                             wasn’t happy with that outcome, so the court-
                             case dragged on and on. And on. And on. The
                             US supreme court finally ended the whole saga
                             with a ruling in Google’s favor on April 5th,
                             2021.


                      # ⚓ Google_won…_but_did_we_win?⠀⇛


                             In the long-running Google v. Oracle lawsuit
                             tango, Google came out on top after the US
                             Supreme Court ruled 6-2 in favor of Google.
                             So to answer the question in the title… well,
                             first… it’s not a zero-sum game.



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5059

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.09.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Links_9/4/2021:_Tanglet_1.6.0_and_HPVM_1.0⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 1:48 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Distributions
          o Devices/Embedded
    * Free_Software/Open_Source
    * Leftovers
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾


                # ⚓ Don’t_Panic_|_Self-Hosted_42⠀⇛


                       A record is broken, a life goal is achieved, and
                       why we are going long on Linksys.


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ 5.13_Will_be_the_First_Linux_Kernel_With_Initial_Support
                  for_Apple_M1_Device⠀⇛


                       While we have already witnessed Ubuntu run on Apple
                       M1, there was another community project that was
                       also working to bring Linux support to Apple’s M1-
                       powered devices – Asahi Linux.


                       Now, it looks like Hector Martin from Asahi Linux
                       sent in a pull request to include Apple M1 SoC
                       platform in the upcoming Linux Kernel 5.13 release.


                # § Graphics Stack⠀➾


                      # ⚓ X.Org_Server_Git_Lands_Support_For_Hardware-
                        Accelerated_XWayland_With_NVIDIA_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             The NVIDIA-led work to allow XWayland OpenGL
                             and Vulkan acceleration with their
                             proprietary driver has just been merged into
                             X.Org Server Git.


                             The XWayland changes needed to allow the
                             NVIDIA proprietary driver to work in an
                             accelerated manner have landed in X.Org
                             Server 1.21 Git. The main change is xwayland:
                             implement pixmap_from_buffers for the
                             eglstream backend that was merged just a few
                             minutes ago.


                             Before getting too excited, this support is
                             contingent upon a new NVIDIA proprietary
                             driver release. That much anticipated driver
                             update looks to be the forthcoming NVIDIA 470
                             Linux driver series.


                      # ⚓ Xwayland_work_for_hardware_accelerated_NVIDIA_support
                        has_been_merged_in⠀⇛


                             Another exciting moment for fans of Wayland
                             and the future of Linux, especially if you’re
                             an NVIDIA user, as the work to provide
                             hardware accelerated rendering for NVIDIA
                             GPUs was merged in for Xwayland. We’ve been
                             following this work for a while, as an
                             upcoming NVIDIA driver will have the code in
                             for everything to be in place (likely NVIDIA
                             470).


          o § Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Kubernetes_1.21_Released;_CronJobs_Finally_Graduate_to
                  Stable⠀⇛


                       The Kubernetes release team has announced its
                       latest release 1.21, with the CronJob resource
                       reaching general availability (GA). The team has
                       also substantially improved the performance of
                       CronJobs since Kubernetes v1.19, by implementing a
                       new controller.


                       The release consists of 49 enhancements: 15
                       enhancements have graduated to stable, 15
                       enhancements are moving to beta, and 19
                       enhancements are entering alpha.


                       CronJobs (previously ScheduledJobs), meant for
                       performing regular scheduled actions such as
                       backups, report generation, and so on, has been a
                       beta feature since Kubernetes 1.8! With 1.21, we
                       get to finally see this widely used API graduate to
                       stable.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ Possible_rescue_when_you_run_into_issues_with_the_livedvd⠀⇛


                       You can login via TTY in ArcoLinux – No password
                       required


                       Bare metal = CTRL + ALT + F2 till F6


                       VirtualBox = right CTRL + F2 till F6


                       Then you need to update the pacman database with


                       sudo pacman -Syyu
                       Then you can install and remove packages with
                       pacman.


                       With df you can see that we gave you 10GB of
                       cowspace or space to install applications.


                       We also show you how to stop and start lightdm.


                # ⚓ Configuring_RHEL_8_for_compliance_with_crypto-policy
                  related_to_Cipher_Block_Chaining⠀⇛


                       In this post, we’ll walk through an example of how
                       to configure Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 8
                       crypto-policy to remove Cipher block chaining
                       (CBC), but let’s start with a little background on
                       CBC and default crypto-policy on RHEL 8.


                       At an operational level, most of us have
                       experienced situations where there is a complex
                       configuration on a system, and there is either too
                       much or too little information to understand
                       everything.


                # ⚓ How_to_install_adobe_pdf_on_ubuntu_21_04_–_LateWeb.Info⠀⇛


                       Adobe pdf is a family of application software and
                       Web services developed by Adobe Inc. to view,
                       create, manipulate, print and manage files in
                       Portable Document Format (PDF).


                       The main function of Adobe Acrobat is creating,
                       viewing, and editing PDF documents. It can import
                       popular document and image formats and save them as
                       PDF. It is also possible to import a scanner‘s
                       output, a website, or the contents of the Windows
                       clipboard.


                # ⚓ How_To_Install_Pidgin_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
                       Pidgin on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who
                       didn’t know, Pidgin is an instant messaging client.
                       It is a free and open-source cross-platform
                       application. This means that you can be chatting
                       with friends on AIM, talking to a friend on Google
                       Talk, and sitting in an IRC chat room all at the
                       same time. Pidgin also supports many features of
                       these chat networks, such as file transfers, away
                       messages, buddy icons, custom smilies, and typing
                       notifications.


                       This article assumes you have at least basic
                       knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
                       most importantly, you host your site on your own
                       VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
                       you are running in the root account, if not you may
                       need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
                       privileges. I will show you through the step-by-
                       step installation of the Pidgin instant messaging
                       on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the
                       same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any
                       other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.


                # ⚓ Getting_Started_With_Toolbox_On_Fedora_Silverblue⠀⇛


                       In this guide, we will be looking at what is
                       Toolbox and how to create and manage containerized
                       development environment using Toolbox on Fedora
                       Linux.


                # ⚓ Using_Cockpit_to_Monitor_and_Manage_Multiple_Linux_Servers
                  Graphically_From_a_Web_Browser⠀⇛


                       How do you manage your Linux server(s)?


                       The most likely answer is by logging into the
                       server via SSH and then using the Linux commands
                       for all kind of tasks.


                       That’s what most of us sysadmins do. But there is
                       also a tiny percentage of the population who have
                       to manage Linux servers despite not being too
                       comfortable with the command line.


                       If you are one of those few people, I have good
                       news for you. There are several tools that allow
                       you to manage Linux servers graphically.


                       Webmin and Cockpit are the most popular tools in
                       this category.


                # ⚓ 7-Zip_Arrives_on_Linux:_Here’s_How_to_Install_It…⠀⇛


                       7-Zip is a popular file archiver providing high
                       compression ratios using the LZMA, LZMA2, and the
                       new 7z format for compression. It’s prevalent among
                       users of the Windows operating systems, making its
                       use quite widespread.


                       However, there wasn’t any official release of 7-Zip
                       for Linux until recently. The 21.01 alpha version
                       of 7-Zip is now released for the Linux operating
                       system. In this article, we will discuss how to
                       install 7-Zip on any Linux distribution.


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Tanglet_1.6.0_released⠀⇛


                       FIXED: Could not type name in scores dialog
                       FIXED: Out of bounds errors in solver
                       Added tabs to high scores
                       Added unlimited timer mode
                       Added option to reset new game to defaults
                       Added support for Qt 6


                # ⚓ Charles_Games_(Attentat_1942)_sound_positive_about_porting
                  to_Linux_in_their_recap⠀⇛


                       Ondrej Trhon of Charles Games (Attentat 1942) has
                       written up a blog post on Gamasutra about how
                       things went after setting up an indie studio 13
                       months ago. Their game was originally released in
                       2017, so the studio itself wasn’t formally created
                       until much later.


                # ⚓ Selaco_is_an_upcoming_GZDoom-powered_shooter_that_looks
                  awesome⠀⇛


                       Never one to miss out on a good first-person
                       shooter fuelled by GZDoom, today I came across
                       Selaco and it instantly grabbed my attention for
                       looking awesome. It’s an original upcoming shooter
                       (not a Doom mod), inspired by the likes of F.E.A.R.


                       “You take on the role of Dawn, a captain of the
                       security force known as ACES, Selaco’s first line
                       of defence. With Dawn’s promotion to captain, she’s
                       been given additional clearances that allow her to
                       dive into the murky past of Selaco.


                       But who or what is invading Selaco, and what
                       secrets will Dawn uncover?”


                       [...]


                       Since it’s powered by the open source and cross-
                       platform GZDoom, running it on Linux should be
                       easy. The developer has confirmed Linux will be
                       supported when asked on Twitter too!


                # ⚓ Isometric_city_builder_Nebuchadnezzar_gets_a_huge_update
                  with_freeplay_maps⠀⇛


                       Nebuchadnezzar, the great looking isometric city-
                       builder that’s very much like the old Impressions
                       Games titles like Pharaoh and Zeus has a first
                       post-release upgrade out and it’s a big one.


                       This 1.1 update aims to tackle some of the bigger
                       shortcomings of the initial release. While it is a
                       good game, it’s interesting and does give the feel
                       of Pharaoh it was missing certain big things. Added
                       in this update is a whole new freeplay mode with
                       multiple maps to build up however you wish – which
                       is fantastic.


          o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾


                # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Advanced_Comic_Book_Linking⠀⇛


                             In my previous post about Peruse’s support
                             for ACBF Textareas, i talked about how the
                             formatting system there allowed for all
                             manner of niftiness with languages, and
                             rotating text, and making it coloured, and
                             styled, and all of that visual fanciness. In
                             this one, i’m going to talk a bit more in
                             depth about a quite powerful feature the
                             Textareas have that i kind of glossed over in
                             that one: Hyperlinks.


                             Yes, hyperlinks. Links, like the one you just
                             clicked on above to work out what that last
                             post actually said about textareas (thanks
                             for reading! 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇:)⦈  ).
                             Except that these links are inside any of the
                             things in an ACBF document which can hold
                             paragraphs of text, being primarily
                             Textareas, References, and Annotations. The
                             reason this is a separate post (apart from
                             the fact the other one had a different focus)
                             is that ACBF recently gained the ability to
                             add a resource target (that is to say, a href
                             property) to the Jump element.


          o § Distributions⠀➾


                # ⚓ MX_Linux_MX-19.3_patito_feo_–_A_year_later,_things_be
                  spiffier⠀⇛


                       More distro testing. And hopefully, today’s
                       experience shall be pleasant. To that end, I’m sort
                       of going with a safe bet – MX Linux. Over the
                       years, this small distro has grown and grown, but
                       also matured, becoming a reasonable choice for
                       serious desktoping. Well, for me, MX-18 was the
                       best release, and I wasn’t too keen on the latest
                       yesteryear offering, version 19, as it was.


                       A year has passed, and MX Linux has had three dot
                       revisions, which should be sufficient time to spit
                       and polish any early bugs and bring back the old
                       robust glory of the ’17 and ’18 crop. I will test
                       the distro on me new scapegoat box, a triple-boot
                       IdeaPad with an AMD processor and Vega graphics.
                       Ought to be interesting. Follow me.


                # ⚓ What_Makes_MXLinux_So_Popular?⠀⇛


                       MXLinux may not have the same brand recognition as
                       other Linux distributions, and it doesn’t have the
                       cachet of widespread familiarity, says Jack Wallen.
                       So, why is it the most downloaded Linux
                       distribution on Distrowatch?


                # ⚓ We_are_astonished_by_your_generosity_and_loyalty⠀⇛


                       EndeavourOS has been around the block for almost
                       two years now, so we are a pretty young distro that
                       still is exploring and discovering new options
                       whilst making its journey. When we started our
                       journey back in the last days of Antergos in 2019,
                       there were a few thoughts of doubt that did linger
                       in the back of my mind.


                       Will we be able to produce and maintain a distro
                       and how are we going to reach new users? Given the
                       fact that none of us had any experience in creating
                       a distro and also, from the start, we had a fair
                       share of an existing community watching over our
                       shoulders, which didn’t make things easier to push
                       that lingering feeling aside.


                # § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Linux_Lite_5.4_overview_|_Simple_Fast_Free.⠀⇛


                             In this video, I am going to show an overview
                             of Linux Lite 5.4 and some of the
                             applications pre-installed.


                # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾


                      # ⚓ openSUSE_Tumbleweed_–_Review_of_Weeks_2021/13_&_14⠀⇛


                             Dear Tumbleweed users and hackers,


                             Dominique has been enjoying a vacation these
                             last two weeks and left Tumbleweed in my
                             hands. Thanks to all who’ve helped out as I
                             got to grips with holding the reins solo for
                             the first time.


                             These two weeks also saw the long Easter
                             weekend. That said, we still managed to
                             release 5 snapshots (0325, 0329, 0330, 0401
                             and 0406) during this fortnight, with 0408
                             currently in testing and an 0409 likely to be
                             checked in tonight.


                      # ⚓ Private_cloud_based_on_openSUSE_Leap_15.3_beta_and
                        Nextcloud⠀⇛


                             I used to have a Synology DS414 server what
                             worked well for about 8 years. Naturally,
                             occasionally I had to change disks in the
                             RAID5 system in it, but other than that it
                             did its job. But regardless of the really
                             smooth user experience and the low
                             maintenance needs I never really liked that
                             system as the Synology Disk Station Manager
                             OS is not like many “real” Linux
                             distributions and the community behind that
                             OS is basically non existent. And to be
                             honest I do not really feel that Synology is
                             very eager to build and maintain a community
                             around their OS. It looks more like that they
                             just barely comply with the GPL. All in all,
                             I had just enough motivation to migrate my
                             private cloud and NAS to a proper OS.


                             I guess it is hardly a surprise that my
                             choice is openSUSE. I was hesitating to use
                             Tumbleweed, the rolling development release
                             of openSUSE, but then I thought that will do
                             a conservative decision and go with the Leap
                             15.3 release. Leap is stable, thou I had no
                             problem running my daily driver computer on
                             Tumbleweed.


                # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾


                      # ⚓ How_to_install_Gradle_build_automation_tool_on_CentOS
                        8⠀⇛


                             Developed in Java, Kotlin, and Groovy, Gradle
                             is an open-source build automation tool that
                             is used mostly in Java projects. It automates
                             the building process of applications which
                             includes compiling, linking, and packaging of
                             code without manual input. Gradle also
                             supports Groovy, which is an object-oriented
                             dynamic language created for Java
                             applications. Let’s install Gradle on CentOS
                             Linux 8.


                      # ⚓ How_to_install_Ansible_on_Ubuntu_Server_21.04⠀⇛


                             Ansible is an open-source software
                             provisioning, configuration management, and
                             application-deployment tool enabling
                             infrastructure as code. It runs on many Unix-
                             like systems, and can configure both Unix-
                             like systems as well as Microsoft Windows. It
                             includes its own declarative language to
                             describe system configuration. Ansible was
                             written by Michael DeHaan and acquired by Red
                             Hat in 2015. Ansible is agentless,
                             temporarily connecting remotely via SSH or
                             Windows Remote Management (allowing remote
                             PowerShell execution) to do its tasks.


                      # ⚓ 5_reasons_to_attend_the_Digital_Developer_Conference:
                        AIOps_&_Integration_on_April_20⠀⇛


                             Decentralized applications bring several
                             benefits over traditional application
                             architectures, but they also increase the
                             need for AIOps and integration
                             capabilities—especially for the enterprise.
                             Open source technologies, like Kubernetes and
                             Docker, allow for consistent and explicit
                             deployment of portable workloads across
                             hybrid cloud environments, but developers and
                             IT operations engineers need new skills to
                             optimize deployments, monitor apps, and
                             remedy problems quickly, with confidence,
                             using advanced AIOps techniques.


                             This Digital Developer Conference on AIOps &
                             Integration focuses on the integration
                             development and AIOps communities, and it
                             provides you with the opportunity to design,
                             develop, operate, and experience secure, AI-
                             powered automation for IT operations and
                             integration in your hybrid cloud
                             environments. Whether you’re a developer,
                             architect, SRE, or IT Ops engineer, you’ll
                             discover ways to invest in AIOps and
                             integration so that you can address
                             challenges with decentralized, microservices-
                             based applications. Subject matter experts
                             will guide you through the essentials,
                             experiences, and exercises to help you
                             develop these worthwhile skills. For
                             information on the conference and to explore
                             the agenda, go to ibm.biz/devcon-aiops


                      # ⚓ To_be_an_open_leader,_listen_to_your_heart⠀⇛


                             Allowing talented leadership to excel in a
                             more open organizational structure can
                             determine a young company’s success. But in
                             order to transform into a more open
                             organization, you’ll need to provide that
                             space for talented leaders to grow.


                      # ⚓ Fedora_34_Adding_SEVCTL_Utility_For_Managing_AMD_SEV
                        –_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             The upcoming release of Fedora 34 will make
                             it the first major Linux distribution to have
                             sevctl available, an open-source utility for
                             managing AMD EPYC systems with Secure
                             Encrypted Virtualization (SEV).


                             SEVCTL is a utility for managing AMD Secure
                             Encrypted Virtualization with displaying
                             various SEV details, managing of
                             certificates, resetting the platform’s
                             persistent state, and other features for what
                             is exposed by the SEV management API with
                             EPYC processors.


                # § Debian Family⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Michael_Prokop:_A_Ceph_war_story⠀⇛


                             One part of the upgrade included 3 Debian
                             servers (we’re calling them server1, server2
                             and server3 here), running on Proxmox v5 +
                             Debian/stretch with 12 Ceph OSDs each
                             (65.45TB in total), a so-called Proxmox
                             Hyper-Converged Ceph Cluster.


                             [...]


                             During the first two servers’ reboots, we
                             noticed configuration glitches. After fixing
                             those, we went for a reboot of the third
                             server as well. Then we noticed that several
                             Ceph OSDs were unexpectedly down. The NTP
                             service wasn’t working as expected after the
                             upgrade. The underlying issue is a race
                             condition of ntp with systemd-timesyncd (see
                             #889290). As a result, we had clock skew
                             problems with Ceph, indicating that the Ceph
                             monitors’ clocks aren’t running in sync
                             (which is essential for proper Ceph
                             operation). We initially assumed that our
                             Ceph OSD failure derived from this clock skew
                             problem, so we took care of it. After yet
                             another round of reboots, to ensure the
                             systems are running all with identical and
                             sane configurations and services, we noticed
                             lots of failing OSDs.


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # ⚓ New_Jetson_TX2_NX_appears_on_compact_edge_AI_computers⠀⇛


                       Aaeon has unveiled a pair of edge AI systems based
                       on Nvidia’s new Jetson TX2 NX: The “Boxer-8230AI”
                       offers 5x GbE while the “Boxer-8233AI” has dual GbE
                       with PoE/PSE plus HDMI in and out.


                       Aaeon is a prolific manufacturer of new embedded
                       systems by any measure. Yet, many of its Boxer line
                       of fanless, compact embedded computers are respins
                       of earlier models with new processors or a few
                       feature modifications. The new Boxer-823xAI models
                       are based closely on earlier Boxers based on
                       Nvidia’s Jetson Xavier NX, but instead tapping the
                       new Jetson TX2 NX.


                # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾


                      # ⚓ 10_Best_Microcontrollers_on_the_Market⠀⇛


                             As with SBCs (single board computers), CPUs,
                             GPUs, and other electronics on the market,
                             microcontroller production has been impacted
                             by the pandemic, leaving manufacturers with
                             limited resources. That being said, the chip
                             shortage is expected to end in the coming
                             months, with replenished supplies following
                             shortly after. Regardless of said shortage,
                             manufacturers have released many new
                             microcontrollers before the pandemic, along
                             with some new revisions to popular platforms.
                             In this roundup, we will take a look at some
                             of the best microcontrollers and
                             microcontroller boards for 2021.


                             [...]


                             The Arduino Uno has been around for the
                             better part of a decade in one form or
                             another and is used as the foundation for
                             many great projects. The latest board,
                             Arduino Rev3, uses an ATMega328p
                             microcontroller, with 32Kb of Flash, 2K of
                             SRAM, and 1K of EEPROM. The board packs 14X
                             digital input/output pins (6 can be used as
                             PWM outputs), 6X analog inputs, a 16 MHz
                             ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB
                             connecter, a power jack, an ICSP header, and
                             a reset button. It contains everything needed
                             to support the microcontroller; users connect
                             it to a computer with a USB cable or power it
                             via an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to begin
                             building their projects.


                      # ⚓ Ubuntu_Blog:_The_State_of_Robotics_–_March_2021⠀⇛


                             It’s never too late to learn. As any
                             reinforcement learning agent, we get rewarded
                             by the new knowledge that we acquire.
                             Likewise, we learn by doing, by rolling up
                             our sleeves and getting to work. (Do you want
                             a hands-on book on Reinforcement Learning?
                             Here is my personal favourite)


                             March has shown us great examples of this.
                             From robots learning to encourage social
                             participation to detect serious environmental
                             problems, it was a learning month.


                             [...]


                             Last month we learned about Perseverance and
                             Ingenuity. But NASA keeps developing new
                             robots to explore Mars. Led by NASA JPL’s
                             Team CoSTAR, they presented the results of
                             the first Martian Analog testing with
                             autonomous quadruped, referred to as Au-Spot.


                             Perseverance is a wheeled rover. This limits
                             the robot to flat, gently-sloping terrains
                             and agglomerate regolith. Rovers cannot
                             tolerate instability and operate within a
                             low-risk envelope (i.e., low-incline driving
                             to avoid toppling).


                             Here is where legged robots have an
                             advantage. NASA’s ‘Mars Dog’ is a four-legged
                             robot capable of navigating through hard-to-
                             access planetary surfaces. The robot has
                             unique failure-recovery behaviours, providing
                             a major breakthrough in planetary navigation.


                      # ⚓ Rugged,_fanless_quad-camera_system_brings_AI_and
                        Machine_Vision_to_rolling_stock_and_automotive
                        applications⠀⇛


                             Eurotech BoltGPU 10-31 is a rugged fanless
                             embedded system powered by NVIDIA Jetson
                             Xavier NX module, equipped with four FAKRA
                             connectors for GMSL camera, and designed to
                             bring Edge AI and machine vision to rolling
                             stock (e.g. trains) and automotive
                             applications.


                             The BoltGPU 10-31 also features 16 GB of eMMC
                             flash, NVMe SSD support, three Gigabit
                             Ethernet interfaces, WiFI 6 and Bluetooth
                             5.1, two USB3.1 ports, as well as isolated
                             CAN-FD, optoisolated DIO, video out, and GNSS
                             with optional RTK.


                      # ⚓ Test_your_Arduino_projects_with_GitHub_Actions [Ed:
                        Very disappointing to see Arduino shilling proprietary
                        software and vendor lock-in of Microsoft monopoly]⠀⇛


                # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Google’s_Phone_app_now_supports_automatic_call
                        recording_for_unknown_numbers_|_Android_Central⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Google_IO_2021_dates_start_May_18_–_expect_Android
                        12,_Google_Pixel_5a_and_more_|_TechRadar⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Oppo_A91,_Reno2_Z,_&_Reno_3A_Android_11_(ColorOS_11)
                        stable_update_out⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ How_to_Use_the_PS5_DualSense_Controller_on_Android⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ How_to_Turn_off_5G_on_Android_(to_Save_Battery
                        Life)⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Magisk_picks_up_bug-fixing_update_before_leaving
                        behind_Android_4.x_versions⠀⇛


          o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_Apache_News_Round-up:_week_ending_9_April_2021⠀⇛


                # § Web Browsers⠀➾


                      # § Mozilla⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Spidermonkey_Development_Blog:_Top_Level_Await
                              Ships_with_Firefox_89⠀⇛


                                   Firefox will ship Top Level Await by
                                   default starting in Firefox 89. This
                                   new feature introduces a capability to
                                   modules allowing programmers to do
                                   asynchronous work, such as fetching
                                   data, directly at the top level of any
                                   module.


                                   [...]


                                   If you are curious about this proposal,
                                   you can read more about it in the
                                   explainer. The proposal is currently at
                                   stage 3, but we have high confidence in
                                   it going to stage 4.


                # § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾


                      # ⚓ My_hack_week_at_Collabora:_improvements_to_gutter
                        margin_in_Writer⠀⇛


                             As mentioned in a previous such report, a
                             hack week is when we are allowed to hack on
                             anything we want in LibreOffice / Collabora
                             Office / Collabora Online for a few days at
                             Collabora. I used this time to implement core
                             support for RTL gutter margin in Writer.


                # § Programming/Development⠀➾


                      # ⚓ HPVM_v1.0_released⠀⇛


                             HPVM (“heterogeneous parallel virtual
                             machine”) is a compiler for targets like GPUs
                             and FPGAs based on LLVM; the 1.0 release is
                             available now.


                      # ⚓ The_Simplicity_of_Making_Librem_5_Apps⠀⇛


                             The “quick start” video below that I made for
                             the Librem 5 developers documentation
                             demonstrates how quickly you can get up and
                             running with making your own GTK applications
                             on a Librem 5.


                             In this video, I have attached a Librem 5 to
                             an external keyboard, mouse and monitor
                             through a USB-C hub, and I use GNOME Builder
                             to quickly create a new GTK application
                             project, build it and run it on both the big
                             desktop monitor and the small mobile screen
                             with just a drag and drop across the screens.


                             Yes, I do all that with the computing power
                             of the Librem 5 only! There are no special
                             effects nor a hidden desktop computer. I even
                             did the screencast recording with an external
                             device so it shows the real speed of the
                             Librem 5 when driving a 32″ Full HD monitor.


                      # ⚓ Stream_event_data_with_this_open_source_tool⠀⇛


                             An event stream is a pipeline between a
                             source you define and a destination of your
                             choice. Rudderstack provides you with SDKs
                             and plugins to help you ingest event data
                             from your website, mobile apps, and server-
                             side sources — including JavaScript, Gatsby,
                             Android, iOS, Unity, ReactNative, Node.js,
                             and many more. Similarly, Rudderstack’s Event
                             Stream module features over 80 destination
                             and warehouse integrations, including
                             Firebase, Google Analytics, Salesforce,
                             Zendesk, Snowflake, BigQuery, RedShift, and
                             more, making it easy to send event data to
                             downstream tools that can use it as well as
                             build a customer data lake on a data
                             warehouse for analytical use cases.


                      # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Linux_Fu:_Shell_Script_File_Embedding_|
                              Hackaday⠀⇛


                                   You need to package up a bunch of
                                   files, send them somewhere, and do
                                   something with them at the destination.
                                   It isn’t an uncommon scenario. The
                                   obvious answer is to create an archive
                                   — a zip or tar file, maybe — and
                                   include a shell script that you have to
                                   tell the user to run after unpacking.


                                   That may be obvious, but it assumes a
                                   lot on the part of the remote user.
                                   They need to know how to unpack the
                                   file and they also need to know to run
                                   your magic script of commands after the
                                   unpack. However, you can easily create
                                   a shell script that contains a file —
                                   even an archive of many files — and
                                   then retrieve the file and act on it at
                                   run time. This is much simpler from the
                                   remote user’s point of view. You get
                                   one file, you execute it, and you are
                                   done.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ Roberto_Di_Vicenzo_and_the_1968_Masters_Golf_Championship:
            Enhancing_Ethics_In_Sports⠀⇛


                 On the final day of the 1968 Masters the Argentine
                 golfer, Roberto Di Vicenzo, ended up in a tie with the
                 American Bob Goalby. An 18-hole playoff would be take
                 place the next day to determine the champion. Di Vicenzo
                 had won the British Open championship in 1967 at the age
                 of 44 and was one of the best players of his generation,
                 a player who had he competed regularly on the American
                 tour could easily have been included with Palmer, Player,
                 Nicklaus, and Casper among a quite proper Big Five of the
                 1960s. But it should be added that had Charlie Sifford,
                 the African American golfer who in 1969 at the age of 46
                 won the prestigious Los Angeles Open, been allowed to
                 compete regularly on the American tour during his prime,
                 he could very likely have achieved the kind of greatness
                 of the aforementioned. As it was, Di Vicenzo, in limited
                 playing on the American and European tours won 8 and 9
                 times respectively and won 131 times on the Argentine
                 tour.


                 But Di Vicenzo did not get to compete in the playoff with
                 Goalby to determine the championship. He was disqualified
                 for having signed an incorrect scorecard, a scorecard
                 that gave him what would have been a more disadvantageous
                 total of 71 rather than the 70 he actually scored that
                 day. A player’s official scorecard is not kept by the
                 player him or herself but rather by the player’s opponent
                 and vice-versa. Each player also keeps his own score on
                 an unofficial card and at the conclusion of the round
                 each player checks the official against the unofficial
                 card and then signs the official card.


          o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾


                # ⚓ What_Should_We_Learn_from_India’s_Farmers’_Protests?⠀⇛


                       As the protest concludes in D.C., my family and I
                       leave; a woman stops us, spotting our posters. She
                       asks me, “it makes sense that protests are going on
                       there [India], but why are you all protesting
                       here?” She was really asking, in an era of
                       protests, why the hell should the global community
                       care and why have these particular protests
                       gathered such sustained momentum? The answer lies
                       not so much in what the protests counter, but how
                       protesters are actually protesting in New Delhi.


                       The eerie parallel of images of Sikh protestor 
                       Ranjit Singh’s face under the boot of an Indian
                       police officer and the  photo of an American
                       policeman’s knee on George Floyd’s neck reminds us
                       that injustice unchecked reverberates beyond
                       borders. For over four months, farmer protesters
                       have peacefully camped in their tractors and
                       trolleys outside New Delhi.  India’s farm bills,
                       aimed at deregulating agriculture, would abruptly
                       halt farmers’ agrarian livelihoods and cause
                       ecological degradation, a shift reminiscent of
                       American agricultural deregulation that
                       historically  crippled small-scale farmers and
                       accelerated  desertification.


                # ⚓ “Real_world_evidence”_vs._COVID-19?⠀⇛


                       It’s been a while since I wrote anything about the
                       use of hydroxychloroquine, but leave it to WND to
                       give me a reason to revisit the topic.
                       Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as you might recall, is
                       an antimalarial drug that also has mild
                       immunosuppressive properties that make it also
                       useful to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other
                       autoimmune diseases. Early in the COVID-19
                       pandemic, HCQ was portrayed as a “miracle” drug to
                       treat COVID-19, even though the evidence supporting
                       its use for this indication was slim to
                       nonexistent. To some extent, I could understand
                       trying HCQ. The early days of the pandemic were
                       desperate times. COVID-19 was a new disease, and it
                       was making patients very, very sick in large
                       numbers. There were no known treatments other than
                       supportive care, and, back then, no vaccine. A year
                       ago, somehow HCQ seemed to find its way into pretty
                       much every hospital’s protocol to treat COVID-19
                       based on anecdotal evidence. The FDA even granted
                       it an ill-advised emergency use authorization
                       (later rescinded). Meanwhile, the dedication to the
                       use of this drug in many sectors became almost
                       cult-like, and the cult continues today, as I saw
                       in an op-ed in WND by Joel Hirschhorn entitled
                       COVID scandal: Feds ignored 2016 law requiring use
                       of real world evidence.


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_The_Impossibility_of_an_“Informed_Choice”:_The
                  Covid-19_Vaccine_and_Pregnant_Women⠀⇛


                       And why scientific protocols should move away from
                       protecting women from research and support women
                       through research.


                       Women’s struggle for reproductive justice has
                       historically involved complex layers of
                       negotiation. In the 1960s and the 1970s, “My body,
                       my choice” became a widely popular slogan to fight
                       for women’s bodily integrity and autonomy regarding
                       issues such as abortion, birth control, and
                       reproductive and sexual health. No one can and
                       should deny the importance of enacting women’s
                       individual choice over matters that impact their
                       sexual and reproductive experience, specifically in
                       a context where that choice has been targeted again
                       and again in campaigns for restricting access to
                       abortion, birth control methods, and sex-positive
                       sex education.


                # ⚓ We’re_at_the_Beginning_of_the_End_of_Covid-19._Now_What?⠀⇛


                       Where are we now? This time last year, even
                       President Trump knew the virus was a “plague” that
                       “rips you apart.” Many of us tried to hold it
                       together, hoping as the summer of 2020 rolled
                       around that the worst was over, hunkering down as
                       much as we could but with the respite of warmer
                       weather allowing us some comfort. But hundreds of
                       thousands didn’t make it to see the autumn leaves
                       or the first snow last year, as the pandemic went
                       into overdrive in the United States: 200,000 dead
                       by September, 300,000 dead by December, 400,000
                       dead by Trump’s last day in the White House in
                       January 2021. As of April 6, according to The New
                       York Times’ running tally, we’ve lost 556,016 men,
                       women, and children.


                       But there is hope. Physicians and nurses have
                       gotten better at treating Covid-19, even if the
                       drugs we have against the disease are still few.
                       And the best news has been the most surprising. A
                       year ago I was deeply pessimistic about the
                       prospect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development, citing
                       the scientific obstacles that even money wouldn’t
                       likely overcome. But I was wrong and am happy to
                       say so. We now have multiple effective vaccines
                       against this plague, and over 60 million Americans
                       have been jabbed, representing close to 20 percent
                       of the US population.


                # ⚓ How_can_Congress_create_infrastructure_for_the_next
                  pandemic?⠀⇛


                       After approximately 200 Infrastructure Weeks,
                       policymakers now appear to be actually talking
                       about passing legislation about infrastructure!
                       Congress also seems like it might take action to
                       lay the groundwork for combatting the next
                       pandemic; bipartisan efforts are underway. Putting
                       the two together: how should Congress think about
                       creating innovation infrastructure, broadly
                       defined, to help combat the next pandemic?


                       Even before COVID-19, experts were sounding alarms
                       about insufficient infrastructure to address the
                       foreseeable risk of a global pandemic. In 2019, an
                       expert group convened by the World Bank and WHO
                       concluded that “[t]he world is not prepared” for
                       the “very real threat of a rapidly moving, highly
                       lethal pandemic of a respiratory pathogen,” among
                       other things because “[t]oo many places lack even
                       the most rudimentary health-care infrastructure.”
                       COVID-19 has magnified these global health
                       inequalities. But inadequate infrastructure
                       investment is not just a problem in low-income
                       countries: COVID-19 has also drawn increased
                       attention to long-apparent weaknesses in many U.S.
                       infrastructure sectors. We suggest priorities for
                       three types of infrastructure: physical
                       infrastructure, knowledge infrastructure, and human
                       infrastructure (recognizing that these categories
                       may overlap).


                       [...]


                       Policymakers might also think about the ability of
                       existing scientists to reallocate or redirect their
                       research when urgent needs arise, such as in the
                       pandemic context. Extramural researchers are often
                       unable to redirect their lab capacity or expertise
                       without obtaining permission from their funding
                       organizations (if their funding agreements permit
                       it at all). Funding agencies could seek to increase
                       flexibility in reallocating extramural grants in
                       the event of particular declared public health
                       emergencies. Similarly, policymakers might seek an
                       increase in intramural research done by government-
                       employed scientists at NIH, and particularly at
                       NIAID, which might be able to be reallocated more
                       quickly in the event of a pandemic.


                       Congress should pay special attention to using
                       funding to ameliorate disparities in medical and
                       scientific education, which are driven by factors
                       including structural racism (as we have discussed
                       in previous posts). The American Rescue Plan
                       contains an important template of this approach,
                       specifically directing $3 billion (of the $40
                       billion in the Higher Education Emergency Relief
                       Fund) to historically Black colleges and
                       universities and minority-serving institutions,
                       some of which, like Xavier University, serve as
                       sources of training for a disproportionate number
                       of Black health professionals.


                       Yet human infrastructure is not only about training
                       new scientists and public health professionals. It
                       must also be about building connections between
                       them to enable them to cooperate, share knowledge,
                       and develop new insights at the intersection of
                       their fields. These efforts might take many forms,
                       such as encouragement of interagency coordination,
                       or through support for interdisciplinary scientific
                       work. There is also surely an important role to
                       play for particular individuals or entities as hubs
                       of connections, such as a pandemic response team,
                       or even a broader innovation regulator, to better
                       our pandemic preparedness infrastructure.


                # ⚓ ‘Cartoon_Villain_Stuff’:_Howard_Dean_Urges_Biden_to_Oppose
                  Lifting_Covid_Vaccine_Patents⠀⇛


                       Dean currently works in the lobbying division at
                       Dentons, a law firm that has represented Pfizer and
                       other industry giants.


                       Former Vermont governor and erstwhile Democratic
                       presidential candidate Howard Dean is publicly
                       urging President Joe Biden to oppose a South
                       Africa- and India-led effort to temporarily lift
                       coronavirus vaccine patents, a move that would help
                       facilitate broad-based generic production of
                       vaccines for developing nations.


                # ⚓ ‘It’s_in_the_Interest_of_Everyone_in_the_US_to_Vaccinate
                  the_World_as_Quickly_as_Possible’⠀⇛


                       Janine Jackson interviewed Public Citizen’s Peter
                       Maybarduk about global vaccination for the April 2,
                       2021, episode of CounterSpin . This is a lightly
                       edited transcript.


          o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾


                # § Proprietary⠀➾


                      # § Security⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Security_updates_for_Friday⠀⇛


                                   Security updates have been issued by
                                   Debian (lib3mf, php-pear, and python-
                                   django), Fedora (perl-Net-Netmask),
                                   openSUSE (flatpak, libostree, xdg-
                                   desktop-portal,, fwupd, fwupdate, and
                                   hostapd), Oracle (kernel, libldb,
                                   nettle, and squid), Red Hat (nettle),
                                   and SUSE (fwupdate, tpm2-tss-engine,
                                   and umoci).


                            # ⚓ Windows_and_Linux_devices_are_under_attack_by_a
                              new_cryptomining_worm [Ed: Microsoft-funded Ars
                              says nothing or not much about how such malware
                              gets onto systems in the first place. Windows has
                              NSA back doors and as far as we know GNU/Linux
                              hasn't.]⠀⇛


                                   The Sysrv binary is a 64-bit Go binary
                                   that’s packed with the open source UPX
                                   executable packer. There are versions
                                   for both Windows and Linux. Two Windows
                                   binaries chosen at random were detected
                                   by 33 and 48 of the top 70 malware
                                   protection services, according to
                                   VirusTotal. Two randomly picked Linux
                                   binaries had six and nine.


                            # ⚓ PHP_Maintainers_Shared_Update_On_PHP_Source
                              Code_Compromise [Ed: Microsoft’s GitHub_is_even
                              worse_when_it_comes_to_security because nobody is
                              accountable and it’s in the NSA’s bag]⠀⇛


                                   PHP maintainer Nikita Popov have
                                   released a report after an unknown
                                   actor pushed backdoored code onto the
                                   official PHP Git repository.


                                   The maintainers of the PHP programming
                                   language have issued an update
                                   regarding the security incident that
                                   came to light late last month, stating
                                   that the actors may have gotten hold of
                                   a user database containing their
                                   passwords to make unauthorized changes
                                   to the repository.


                            # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                                  # ⚓ Privacy_Talks_|_Interview_with_Hanna_from
                                    Tutanota⠀⇛


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Coup_Attempt_in_Jordan_Leaves_a_Trail⠀⇛


                       He disclosed that “extensive investigations carried
                       out by Jordan’s security forces” concluded that
                       Hamzeh, the half brother of King Abdullah II;
                       Sharif Hasan, a member of the royal family and
                       Bassem Awadullah, a former senior official in the
                       royal court and special Jordanian representative to
                       the Saudi government, had engaged in activities
                       that amounted to “promoting sedition.”


                       Safadi added, “The investigations had monitored
                       interferences and communications with foreign
                       parties over the right timing to destabilise
                       Jordan.” He went on to drop a bombshell that the
                       activities included cultivating relationships with
                       members of the Jordanian opposition abroad and
                       there was also evidence of a person with foreign
                       ties offering services to Hamzeh’s wife, including
                       the immediate use of a private jet to leave Jordan.
                       (That person has since been identified as an
                       Israeli.)


                # ⚓ How_the_Supreme_Court_Gave_Cops_a_License_to_Kill⠀⇛


                       There is nothing unique or interesting about the
                       defense strategy employed by the lawyers for Derek
                       Chauvin. The trial has produced no made-for-
                       television stunts or rhetorical flourishes. There’s
                       no bloody glove, no rhyming couplets. Chauvin’s
                       defense is so basic that an attorney straight out
                       of law school could pull it off. His lawyers are
                       simply arguing that cops have the right to kill
                       people, if they think they need to.


                       That strategy might seem foolish to the untrained
                       eye. After all, there is incontrovertible video
                       evidence that Chauvin did not “need” to kill George
                       Floyd. The video shows that Floyd posed no threat
                       to the police or anybody else: He was prone and
                       handcuffed while Chauvin slowly choked the life out
                       of him over the course of eight minutes and 46
                       seconds. Any reasonable human being can see that
                       Chauvin should have taken his knee off of Floyd’s
                       neck.


                # ⚓ Western_Media_Incite_Anti-Asian_Racism_When_They_Join_in
                  Cold_War_Against_China⠀⇛


                       Over the past few weeks, the subject of anti-Asian
                       racism has received an unusual degree of Western
                       media attention, ever since a video showing the
                       January 28 killing of Vicha Ratanapakdee, an 84-
                       year-old Thai immigrant in San Francisco, was
                       widely shared on social media. Coverage intensified
                       when gunman Robert Aaron Long targeted three Asian-
                       owned spas on March 6, killing six Asian women
                       among eight victims in Atlanta, Georgia. Local and
                       national media centered the gunman’s professed
                       motive of a “sex addiction” and police statements
                       disputing whether the crime was racially motivated,
                       even though gendered racism is still a factor when
                       racist incidents don’t meet the narrow and
                       arbitrary requirements of what constitutes a hate
                       crime ( FAIR.org, 3/26/21).


                # ⚓ The_Far_Right_in_Uniform:_How_Extreme_is_the_U.S.
                  Military?⠀⇛


                       I’m not particularly sentimental about anyone-can-
                       grow-up-to-be-president and all that — in 2017,
                       anyone did — but damn! This was democracy under
                       actual, not rhetorical, attack.


                       As the list of people charged in connection with
                       that insurrection rose, ways of analyzing their
                       possible motivations grew ever more creative: at
                       least nine of the rioters who broke into the
                       Capitol had a history of violence against women;
                       almost 60% had had money troubles; and above all,
                       50, or 14.5%, of the 356 people arrested at last
                       count, had military connections, as did the woman
                       killed by a policeman that day. (Veterans and
                       active-duty personnel account for 7.5% of the U.S.
                       population.) More than a fifth of the arrested
                       veterans have been charged with “conspiracy.”


                # ⚓ White_Supremacist_Organizations_and_White_Workers⠀⇛


                       Many of these activists had been in the forefront
                       of the thousands of rallies in hundreds of cities
                       and towns that erupted last Spring and Summer in
                       the wake of the police murder of George Floyd in
                       Minneapolis. The tireless work of black activists,
                       especially black women, brought millions of new
                       voters to the polls. Those efforts may very well
                       have proved decisive in key swing states like
                       Michigan, Georgia, Wisconsin and Pennsylvania.


                       Protest Organizing and the Election Victory


                # ⚓ The_US_War_on_Drugs_is_Driving_the_Displacement_Crisis⠀⇛


                       These migrants are not fleeing some Act of God —
                       drought or hurricanes or the like — that could not
                       be anticipated or prevented. Rather, they are
                       fleeing cartel violence and governmental
                       corruption.


                       As CNN recently noted, “poverty, crime, and
                       corruption in Latin America have long been drivers
                       of migration.” Indeed, many Central Americans have
                       concluded that the risks of the journey, of the
                       smugglers, and of the possibility of losing their
                       children are outweighed by the near certainty of
                       violence or death at home.


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Back_to_the_Future—and_the_Cold_War—at_the
                  Pentagon⠀⇛


                       Why 2021 looks so much like 1981—and why that
                       should frighten us all.


                       The future isn’t what it used to be. As a teenager
                       in the 1970s, I watched a lot of TV science fiction
                       shows, notably Space: 1999 and UFO , that imagined
                       a near future of major moon bases and alien attacks
                       on Earth. Movies of that era like Stanley Kubrick’s
                       2001: A Space Odyssey envisioned colossal
                       spaceships and space stations featuring
                       international crews on mind-blowing missions to
                       Jupiter and beyond. Who’d have thought that, 20
                       years after Kubrick’s alternate reality of 2001, we
                       humans would effectively be marooned on a warming “
                       sixth extinction” planet with no moon bases and, to
                       the best of my knowledge, no alien attacks either.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Invasive_alien_species_exact_huge_ecosystem_cost⠀⇛


                       At last, a global price on invasive alien species:
                       it runs to billions of dollars and doubles every
                       six years.


                # ⚓ Should_Governments_Consider_Engineering_the_Atmosphere?⠀⇛


                       Governments should consider solar geoengineering
                       for two reasons. The first is that other ways to
                       avoid the worst effects of climate change may not
                       prove achievable in the world as it really is. The
                       other is that, if there is a risk that another
                       government might attempt to transform the
                       atmosphere, it would be delinquent not to have
                       thought through how to react. That means trying to
                       understand what the effects of such engineering
                       might be on your own country and the world. 1


                       There is little doubt that lacing the stratosphere
                       with particles that reflect sunlight back into
                       space would decouple Earth’s surface temperature
                       from greenhouse gas levels, allowing for cooler
                       temperatures than otherwise would occur. On a
                       planet with greenhouse gas levels expected to
                       deliver 2.5 degrees Celsius of warming above pre-
                       industrial levels, solar geoengineering could in
                       principle limit the actual warming to 1.5 degrees
                       Celsius. It could also allow temperatures to be
                       decreased even as greenhouse gas levels stayed the
                       same or declined only slowly. Both of these
                       possibilities seem, on the face of it, worth
                       examining as ways to avoid global catastrophe. 2


                # § Energy⠀➾


                      # ⚓ How_U.S._‘Risk-Takers’_Took_a_Gamble_on_Somalia’s_Oil
                        —_Then_Vanished_–_DeSmog⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Global_Coal_Use_is_Falling_But_Not_Fast_Enough_to
                        Tackle_Climate_Change_–_DeSmog⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Harvard’s_Fossil_Fuel_Investments_Aren’t_Just_Immoral
                        —_They’re_Illegal,_Too⠀⇛


                             Last week, the Biden administration announced
                             a massive infrastructure plan directly aimed
                             at accelerating the transition from fossil
                             fuels to clean energy sources, signaling a
                             national commitment to tackling the climate
                             crisis. But not everyone is ready to do their
                             part. Harvard, the world’s richest
                             university, refuses to ditch the fossil fuel
                             holdings that have allowed it to profit from
                             climate destruction.


                             That’s why Fossil Fuel Divest Harvard
                             submitted a complaint last month asking the
                             Massachusetts attorney general to hold
                             Harvard legally accountable for its
                             complicity in the climate crisis.


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Tribes,_Conservationists_Urge_Haaland_to_Restore
                        ‘Sacred’_National_Monuments_During_Utah_Visit⠀⇛


                             Campaigners tell Biden’s new Interior
                             Secretary to undo the attack on Bears Ears
                             and Grand Staircase-Escalante.


                             Interior Secretary Deb Haaland is visiting
                             Utah this week as the Biden administration
                             weighs restoring the boundaries of two
                             national monuments in the state that were
                             dramatically shrunk by former President
                             Donald Trump.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ New_York_to_Offer_Unemployed_Migrants_Up_to_$15,600_in
                  Pandemic_Relief⠀⇛


                       “Today, our work today has been recognized,” said
                       one undocumented worker and organizer. “Our dignity
                       has been recognized, and our dignity has been
                       lifted by passing this fund.”


                       Immigrant and worker rights advocates welcomed this
                       week’s passage of a New York state budget package
                       containing a provision authorizing payments of up
                       to $15,600 to undocumented migrants who have been
                       adversely affected by the coronavirus pandemic. 


                # ⚓ ‘Passing_the_PRO_Act_Is_Not_a_Spectator_Sport’:_AFL-CIO
                  Leads_National_Day_of_Action⠀⇛


                       “Stronger unions mean higher wages, safer working
                       conditions, and dignity for all people who work.
                       The PRO Act is our first step to get there.”


                       The AFL-CIO is encouraging people to call U.S.
                       senators on Thursday to urge them to support the
                       passage of the Protecting the Right to Organize
                       Act, a historic piece of legislation that would
                       significantly strengthen workers’ right to form
                       unions and help reverse a decades-long assault on
                       labor waged by corporations and their political
                       allies.


                # ⚓ While_Hospital_Janitor_Got_a_$6_Cafeteria_Voucher,_Its_CEO
                  Took_Home_$30_Million⠀⇛


                       “We need to do better for working people,” said one
                       advocate.


                       In a dramatic but all-too-common illustration of
                       the intensification of income inequality in the
                       U.S., a janitor at a medical center in Missouri who
                       contracted Covid-19 on the job last year was named
                       Employee of the Month and given a $6 cafeteria
                       voucher upon his return to work, while the CEO of
                       the firm that owns the hospital saw his total
                       compensation package grow to $30.4 million.


                # ⚓ Decades-Long_Corporate_Assault_on_Unions_Has_Cost_Typical
                  Worker_$3,250_a_Year:_Report⠀⇛


                       “This decline of unions wasn’t inevitable—it was a
                       deliberate policy choice made on behalf of wealthy
                       interests and corporations, and it can be
                       reversed.”


                       The decades-long assault on organized labor by
                       corporations and their allies in government
                       resulted in a dramatic erosion of union membership
                       that cost the median U.S. worker $3,250 per year
                       between 1979 and 2017, according to a new report
                       released Thursday morning by the Economic Policy
                       Institute.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_Lawyer_Behind_Georgia’s_New_Anti-Voting_Law⠀⇛


                       Attorney Poy Winichakul was about 12 minutes into
                       her testimony before the Georgia legislature’s
                       Special Committee on Election Integrity. She was
                       summing up how 47 states using absentee ballots had
                       never discovered “widespread fraud,” and how the
                       same could be said of Georgia in the 2020
                       elections. “Voting fraud” using absentee ballots,
                       the voting rights attorney with the Southern
                       Poverty Law Center concluded, “is even less of a
                       problem than being struck by lightning.”


                       Without missing a beat, Representative Barry
                       Fleming, chairman of the committee, asked her,
                       “What are the odds of getting struck by lightning?”
                       Winichakul said she didn’t have the figure.
                       Fleming, who is also an attorney, said, “It sounds
                       like you’re admitting there is fraud in elections.”


                # ⚓ As_Texas_Lawmakers_Attack_Voting_Rights,_GOP_Official_Aims
                  to_‘Build_an_Army’_of_Poll_Watchers⠀⇛


                       “When I hear someone say he needs ‘courageous’
                       volunteers to be part of an ‘army’ that will keep
                       an eye on voters in minority neighborhoods, I hear
                       all the same old dog whistles with a slightly
                       updated harmony.”


                       Common Cause Texas on Thursday shared a leaked
                       video of a Harris County GOP official discussing
                       plans to “build an army” of 10,000 election workers
                       and poll watchers, including some who “will have
                       the confidence and courage” to go into Black and
                       Brown communities to address alleged voter fraud
                       that analyses show does not actually exist.


                # ⚓ Biden_Praised_for_Taking_‘Crucial_First_Step’_to
                  ‘Prioritize_People_Over_Guns’⠀⇛


                       “The idea that we have so many people dying every
                       single day from gun violence in America is a
                       blemish on our character as a nation,” the
                       president said.


                       Advocates of stricter firearms laws on Thursday
                       welcomed President Joe Biden’s announcement of six
                       initial actions to address what his administration
                       is calling the nation’s “gun violence public health
                       epidemic.”


                # ⚓ The_Fecalnomics_of_The_Filibuster⠀⇛


                       With two Senators from each state, the U.S. Senate
                       is a geographical body, not a democratic body. The
                       two Senators from California represent more people
                       than the 44 Senators representing the smallest 22
                       states. That makes the U.S. Senate neither
                       representative nor democratic.


                       Property Holds a Majority of Senate Seats


                # ⚓ ‘Why_the_US_Senate_Is_So_Broken’:_Manchin_Vow_to_Preserve
                  Filibuster_Imperils_Voting_Rights_and_Much_More⠀⇛


                       “Manchin represents a state that is 1/22 the
                       population of California and 92% white, yet he can
                       singlehandedly block policies supported by 70-80%
                       of Americans.”


                       Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin of West Virginia late
                       Wednesday reiterated his opposition to
                       abolishing—or even weakening—the 60-vote
                       legislative filibuster, a stance that could imperil
                       his party’s hopes of passing popular legislation to
                       protect voting rights, reform the inhumane U.S.
                       immigration system, raise the federal minimum wage,
                       and more.


                # ⚓ Four_Words_Gates_and_His_Pals_Despise:_Democracy_&_Minimum
                  Support_Price⠀⇛


                       These neoliberal evangelists despise democracy and
                       believe that state machinery and public money
                       should only facilitate the ambitions of their
                       unaccountable mega-corporations.


                       Corporations are jumping on the ‘sustainability’
                       bandwagon by undermining traditional agriculture
                       and genuine sustainable agrifood systems and
                       packaging this corporate takeover of food as some
                       kind of humanitarian endeavour.


                # ⚓ Media_Manage_to_Both-Sides_Georgia_GOP’s_Suppressing
                  Democracy⠀⇛


                       Georgia’s new voting law—one of the first in a
                       crowded field of breathtakingly brazen state voting
                       bills the GOP is pushing across the country—has
                       made national headlines. As voting rights reporter
                       Ari Berman ( CounterSpin, 3/16/21) has explained,
                       these bills are essentially “an effort to overturn
                       the election by other means.” But despite
                       Republicans’ obvious—often explicitly stated—goal
                       of rigging future elections more successfully than
                       they have in the past, many of those national media
                       outlets can’t give up their commitment to both-
                       sidesing the story, giving cover to the anti-
                       democratic campaign.


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Corporate_Media_Not_Gonna_Both-Sides_Voter
                  Suppression_in_Georgia,_Are_They?⠀⇛


                       Oh yes they are.


                       Georgia’s new voting law—one of the first in a
                       crowded field of breathtakingly brazen state voting
                       bills the GOP is pushing across the country—has
                       made national headlines. As voting rights reporter
                       Ari Berman ( CounterSpin, 3/16/21) has explained,
                       these bills are essentially “an effort to overturn
                       the election by other means.” But despite
                       Republicans’ obvious—often explicitly stated—goal
                       of rigging future elections more successfully than
                       they have in the past, many of those national media
                       outlets can’t give up their commitment to both-
                       sidesing the story, giving cover to the anti-
                       democratic campaign.


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_The_Progressive_Left_Must_Embrace_Martin_Luther
                  King_Jr’s_Vision_of_Democratic_Socialism⠀⇛


                       King’s full radical vision is still the best guide
                       for how to lead America to the promised land.


                       Fifty-three years ago last Sunday, America’s
                       greatest prophet of freedom, Martin Luther King
                       Jr., was shot dead by an assassin. On the same date
                       a year earlier, he first proclaimed his then-
                       scandalous opposition to the Vietnam War.
                       Inevitably, this anniversary highlights both one
                       part of the often-ignored portion of King’s witness
                       — his fierce challenge to American militarism — and
                       the brutality of how his work was cut short and his
                       vision rejected by America’s regressive forces.
                       Thus, perhaps more than the national holiday
                       centered around his birthday, this solemn
                       anniversary compels us to reflect on King’s full
                       legacy, why his vision was so powerful and so
                       viciously resisted, and what they mean right now
                       for we who inherit the struggle to redeem our
                       nation.


                # ⚓ Republicans_Using_Incredibly_Sketchy_And_Manipulative_‘Dark
                  Patterns’_To_Dupe_People_Into_Donating_Way_More_Than
                  Intended⠀⇛


                       Last week the NY Times had an incredible article
                       about how the Trump campaign tricked donors into
                       giving way more money than they meant to, using so-
                       called “dark patterns” (i.e., tricky UI design and
                       wording) that got many people to think they were
                       donating one time, but instead accidentally signed
                       up to contribute the same amount every month. The
                       Trump campaign ended up having to return an
                       astounding $122 million of the money it raised in
                       refunds, much of it due to these tricks.


                # ⚓ The_Last_Gentleman:_An_Homage_To_The_Duke_Of_Edinburgh’s
                  Impeccable_Style_Through_The_Decades⠀⇛


                       In a list of advice to young people published
                       through his Duke of Edinburgh scheme last year,
                       Prince Philip advised that we should “dress for
                       ourselves and not others”. His own taste leant
                       towards the timeless, and relied heavily on British
                       greats: Turnbull & Asser for shirts, ties, and
                       pocket squares, and tailoring from his long-term
                       collaborator John Kent, of Kent, Haste & Lachter.
                       Throughout his decades in service, the Duke
                       remained a meticulous dresser in every sense. “The
                       Duke of Edinburgh had that understated, English
                       gentleman style that is completely timeless,
                       embodying all the divine traits of Savile Row,”
                       says Manolo Blahnik. “Whether he was in a suit or
                       in uniform, he looked impeccable.”


                       [...]


                       Although never openly discussed by the Prince, he
                       was born into the royal family of Greece in 1921,
                       spending his youth at boarding schools in Scotland
                       before joining the Royal Navy. “Before he took the
                       role of Queen’s consort in his younger days, he was
                       out there,” says Sexton. “He was a playboy and he
                       dressed for the part.” Among the common
                       descriptions of the Duke around town? A “blonde
                       Greek Apollo” and “handsome as any film star”.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Tribute_to_George_Floyd⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Open_Borders_Is_Socialism⠀⇛


                       Are we slipping past the point of no return? Where
                       the resistance to the neoliberal order is the
                       fascist order and the resistance to the fascist
                       order is the neoliberal order? I don’t think so. I
                       think in some ways the left still has a say and one
                       has to look in the right places (on the ground) to
                       find it.


                       Zizek’s formulation is that fascism does not arise
                       to stop neoliberalism (its fake rival) but rather
                       to stop socialism. I am going to argue that
                       neoliberalism also emerges to stop socialism. In
                       fact the whole game being played is one to stop
                       socialism. What actually happens is inconsequential
                       in comparison to this.


                # ⚓ How_Hollywood_Neuters_the_60s:_Sorkin’s_“Trial_of_the
                  Chicago_7″_Sentences_American_Radicalism to_Oblivion⠀⇛


                       “THE CHICAGO 7”: CROSS-EXAMINATION  


                       There is a short sequence in “The Trial of the
                       Chicago 7” that neatly exemplifies the quality of
                       the historical narrative of the whole “based-on-
                       real-events” film.   To my mind, these brief scenes
                       are a measure of the degree of authenticity we see
                       in the whole picture.  


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_The_Fate_of_Those_at_the_US_Border_Is_Our_Fate
                  Too⠀⇛


                       The United States created a hellish world for
                       millions and now demonizes those trying to escape
                       it.


                       You’d think that the “border crisis” begins and
                       ends as a problem for Americans.


                # ⚓ NYPD_Training_Document_Shows_How_A_Terrorist_Response_Group
                  Was_Weaponized_To_Attack_Protesters⠀⇛


                       The protests that swept the nation following the
                       killing of George Floyd by Minneapolis police
                       officer Derek Chauvin were often greeted by police
                       violence — exactly the sort of police activity
                       protesters were protesting against.


                # ⚓ Emails_Reveal_Amazon_Pushed_USPS_for_Private_Box_at_Alabama
                  Warehouse_as_Union_Vote_Began⠀⇛


                       “Amazon felt it was above the law and worked with
                       the Postal Service anyway to install one. They did
                       this because it provided a clear ability to
                       intimidate workers.”


                       Leaders of the effort to unionize workers at
                       Amazon’s Bessemer, Alabama fulfillment center were
                       outraged following the revelation Thursday that the
                       tech titan pressured the United States Postal
                       Service into installing a private mailbox outside
                       the warehouse just as employees began voting on the
                       measure. 


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ Filecoin_Foundation_Donates_$10_Million_Worth_Of_Filecoin
                  To_Internet_Archive⠀⇛


                       Some really fantastic news if you believe in (1)
                       the wonderful work the Internet Archive does and
                       (2) the future of a more decentralized internet
                       (and, for what it’s worth, you should believe in
                       both of those things). The Filecoin Foundation has
                       donated 50,000 FIL to the Internet Archive. This is
                       approximately $10 million worth of Filecoin, which
                       represents the largest single donation to the
                       organization. Obviously, by the amount alone, this
                       is a big deal and hugely important for an Internet
                       Archive that is currently facing an existential
                       legal attack by publishers who hate the very idea
                       of libraries.


          o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Game_Publishers:_If_Your_DRM,_Anti-Cheat_Software_Does
                  Creepy_Installs,_Warn_Your_Customers_First⠀⇛


                       Any cursory review of our stories involving DRM
                       will leave a sane reader with only one impression:
                       the spectrum of customer viewpoints on video game
                       DRM ranges from total and complete disgust and
                       hatred to tolerance of DRM as an annoyance. In
                       other words, there is no positive side of this
                       spectrum. There are no gamers that are pro-DRM,
                       only those that put up with it. On the flip side,
                       there are many folks who not only hate DRM in video
                       games, but also many who are quite wary of what
                       that DRM is and is doing on or to their machines.
                       There are historical reasons for this, from DRM
                       support falling off and bricking previously bought
                       games to DRM practices that appear to install shady
                       shit on gamers’ PCs.


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # ⚓ Trump’s_standards_czar_makes_unbelievably_stupid_statements
                  in_amicus_brief_supporting_Ericsson_against_Samsung’s_Federal
                  Circuit_appeal_of_anti-antisuit_injunction⠀⇛


                       Under President Trump, Dr. Copan was Under
                       Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology,
                       which means he also served as Director of the
                       National Institute of Standards and Technology
                       (NIST). NIST joined the DOJ’s Antitrust Division
                       under Assistant Attorney General Makan Delrahim and
                       the USPTO under Andrei Iancu (who has, as I
                       predicted, returned to the L.A. patent litigation
                       firm of Irell & Manella, which typically represents
                       NPEs) in replacing a really good and balanced
                       policy statement on standard-essential patent (SEP)
                       enforcement with pro-patentee crap.


                       While I disagreed with that policy paper, it was
                       undoubtedly well-thought-out in its way. That’s
                       more than the authors of Dr. Copan’s amicus brief
                       in support of Ericsson can say. That amicus brief
                       contains at least two statements that are–no
                       kidding–among the absolutely most stupid things
                       I’ve ever read in the SEP context.


                       The word “provincial” occurs four times in the
                       Copan brief, in each case as a derogatory attribute
                       to the Wuhan Intermediate People’s Courtin China
                       that granted Samsung an antisuit injunction against
                       Ericsson in December…


                # ⚓ Kessler_Doctrine:_Does_it_Survive?⠀⇛


                       In May 2020, the Supreme Court decided the
                       trademark case of Lucky Brand Dungarees, Inc. v.
                       Marcel Fashions Grp., Inc., 140 S. Ct. 1589 (2020)
                       and expressly refused to extend preclusion
                       doctrines in the trademark realm beyond their
                       traditional bounds set by the doctrines of issue
                       and claim preclusion.


                       One month later, the Federal Circuit decided In re
                       PersonalWeb Techs. LLC, 2020 WL 3261168 (Fed. Cir.
                       June 17, 2020) and happily extended a quirky patent
                       law preclusion doctrine beyond those traditional
                       bounds. See Kessler v. Eldred, 206 U.S. 285 (1907)
                       (Kessler doctrine). In its decision, the Federal
                       Circuit explained its expansion of Kessler “fills
                       the gap left by claim and issue preclusion.” see
                       Brain Life, LLC v. Elekta Inc., 746 F.3d 1045 (Fed.
                       Cir. 2014).


                # § Patents⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Elon_Musk_Doesn’t_Care_About_Patents._Does_That
                        Matter? [Ed: Good luck explaining this to patent
                        maximalists]⠀⇛


                             Early last month, Harvard Business Review
                             published an interesting intellectual
                             property-related article, in which declared
                             that Tesla Motors CEO and SpaceX founder-
                             slash-CEO Elon Musk “doesn’t care about
                             patents.” The article’s authors Michael
                             Heller and James Salzman followed up on this
                             attention-grabbing assertion by asking,
                             “Should you?” The opening lines of the
                             article very much set the tone, “Ownership
                             seems straightforward in business: Get a
                             patent or copyright when you create
                             something. Charge for its use. Avoid
                             ambiguity about who owns what.”


                             [...]


                             Leaning into ambiguity – Finally, the authors
                             argue that legal clarity as to ownership is
                             less important than many believe. Ownership
                             ambiguity, the authors assert, creates
                             “legitimate and valuable business
                             opportunities.” They point to Uber, which
                             started a business where car owners charge
                             people for conveying passengers, and Airbnb,
                             which launched a company that enables
                             apartment owners charge holiday-goers, as
                             examples of this; neither had a clear legal
                             framework at the outset.


                             With the foregoing assertions in mind, should
                             brand owners throw protections to the wind
                             and follow in the footsteps of Mr. Musk? Not
                             necessarily. While there may be arguments in
                             favor of this approach, there are those that
                             weigh against it. A recent joint report of
                             the European Patent Office (“EPO”) and the
                             European Union Intellectual Property Office
                             (“EUIPO”), for instance, asserts that
                             businesses with at least one registered
                             patent, design or trademark have an average
                             of 20 percent higher revenue per employee
                             than businesses without any of those rights.
                             And actually, while a 60 percent premium
                             exists for entities that have a combined
                             portfolio of patent, trademark, and design
                             rights, of these three types of intellectual
                             property rights, the EPO/EUIPO found that
                             patents pay the greatest dividends.
                             Specifically, the EUIPO and EPO found that
                             “greatest effect” in terms of value was
                             demonstrated by companies that own at least
                             one patent, which resulted in a 36 percent
                             increase in revenue per employee. These
                             figures appear to establish a clear link
                             between intellectual property ownership and
                             commercial success.


                      # ⚓ Design_or_patent,_what_is_the_right_property_right
                        for_my_product? [Ed: Litigation giants are promoting
                        patents_on_designs (well outside the scope of patent
                        law)]⠀⇛


                             Industrial property protection offers
                             different instruments for the protection of
                             different products in order to reward the
                             creator for their contribution and thus to
                             advance innovation. A patent can protect
                             technical innovations for up to 20 years
                             (Art. 63 EPC, §16 PatG), whereas protection
                             for a design is even granted for up to 25
                             years (Art. 12 CDR, §27 (2) DesignG).


                             Patents are granted for technical innovations
                             (Art. 52(1) EPC, §1 PatG) and the design or
                             registered design for appearances of a
                             product (Art. 3(a) GGV, §1 No. 1 DesignG).


                             Patents are known to be national property
                             rights which, although they can be granted
                             alongside national patent offices through a
                             uniform granting procedure for the
                             contracting states of the European Patent
                             Convention, fall apart into national rights
                             after the granting procedure.


                             Designs can be registered either with the
                             relevant national authorities or as Community
                             designs with the competent EU authority, the
                             European Intellectual Property Office
                             (EUIPO). A Community design is thus a right
                             that is valid and enforceable throughout the
                             EU. Another major difference to patent law is
                             that a Community design is only examined for
                             formal requirements and can therefore be
                             registered and enforced within a very short
                             time.


                      # ⚓ How_a_three-pronged_IP_strategy_could_help_biosimilar
                        manufacturers [Ed: Law firms keep pushing this idea
                        that we need patents on life rather than a strategy
                        that saves lives of most possible patients]⠀⇛


                             Biosimilar manufacturers should assess the
                             patent portfolios of third parties, determine
                             whether they can obtain patent protection of
                             their own, and identify opportunities for
                             licensing, to take advantage of the
                             opportunities for growth in the market in the
                             years ahead.


                      # ⚓ Late_But_Not_Too_Late_|_Submitting_Post-Filing_Data
                        During_Patent_Prosecution_in_Selected_Jurisdictions⠀⇛


                             Post-filing data can be used at the European
                             Patent Office (EPO) to address inventive step
                             rejections and sufficiency rejections, in
                             most circumstances. However, purely
                             speculative applications usually cannot be
                             supported by post-filing data.


                             The EPO Guidelines for Examination explicitly
                             state “[t]he relevant arguments and evidence
                             to be considered by the examiner for
                             assessing inventive step may either be taken
                             from the originally-filed application or
                             submitted by the applicant during the
                             subsequent proceedings,” but “[c]are must be
                             taken, however, whenever new effects in
                             support of inventive step are referred to.
                             Such new effects can only be taken into
                             account if they are implied by or at least
                             related to the technical problem initially
                             suggested in the originally filed
                             application.”16 Such data can also be used to
                             confirm that the invention does indeed work
                             across the claim scope to address a
                             sufficiency rejection.


                             Post-filing data are usually used when the
                             specification contains preliminary data and
                             there is a question whether the stated
                             effects are achieved at all and/or across the
                             claim scope. A relatively common example is
                             when the claim is a medical use and the
                             application as filed contains in vitro or
                             animal model data, and then more substantial
                             post-filing data (e.g., human data) are filed
                             during prosecution. Another example is to
                             provide post-filing comparative data to
                             demonstrate an improvement relative to the
                             closest prior art cited by the EPO. A further
                             example is to provide additional
                             exemplification of an effect suggested in the
                             application as filed. For example, the
                             application as filed may suggest an improved
                             drug formulation or sustained release on the
                             basis of initial technical observations, and
                             confirmatory in vivo pharmacokinetic data
                             provided post-filing.


                             The post-filing data will only be considered
                             if the application as filed makes it
                             plausible or credible that the technical
                             problem is solved by the claimed invention.
                             The data must therefore be related to what is
                             in the application as filed and must confirm
                             what is already predicted or extrapolated
                             from the technical disclosure present in the
                             application as filed. If the post-filing data
                             are completely new and not confirmatory of
                             what was described in the specification as
                             filed, i.e., if the post-filing data provide
                             the first credible evidence that the problem
                             has been solved, then the post-filing data
                             cannot be used.


                             These principles were established by the EPO
                             Boards of Appeal in cases T939/92 and T1329/
                             04 for inventive step, and T609/02 for
                             sufficiency of disclosure.


                             Post-filing data are therefore often needed
                             when there is a question regarding the
                             reproducibility of the disclosure across the
                             scope of the claim, or when there is a
                             question of possible non-working embodiments.
                             The Enlarged Board of Appeal, in case G1/03,
                             explained that when a claim contains the
                             technical effect—for example a medical use
                             claim wherein the effect of treating the
                             indication is a functional technical feature
                             of the claim—then the claim is limited to
                             embodiments that work so there is no problem
                             under inventive step. For these functionally-
                             limited claims, the question of
                             reproducibility must therefore be considered
                             under sufficiency of disclosure. The question
                             is whether the invention does indeed work as
                             claimed, and confirmatory post-filing data
                             can be used to answer that question provided
                             that the claimed invention is at least
                             plausible from the specification as filed.


                             Conversely, for a claim without a functional
                             limitation, for example a product claim
                             defined only by structural features—e.g., a
                             Markush definition of a genus of
                             compounds—then the assessment of potential
                             non-working embodiments must be assessed
                             under inventive step. The question here is
                             whether substantially all embodiments within
                             the claim scope provide the stated
                             improvement and, again, post-filing data can
                             be used to confirm a valid extrapolation from
                             the technical disclosure that is present in
                             the application as filed.


                             Finally, there is no requirement that post-
                             filing data must be submitted to the EPO in a
                             declaration. However, a technical declaration
                             prepared by an expert in the technical field
                             may be more effective than attorney argument
                             in presenting the post-filing data to the
                             examiners for review.


                      # ⚓ Europe_and_China_cooperate_on_PCT_searching [Ed: EPO
                        is not "Europe" and the EPO grossly violates human
                        rights (not that the litigation sector will admits
                        that; they don't care about people)]⠀⇛


                             The Chinese National Intellectual Property
                             Administration (CNIPA) and European Patent
                             Office (EPO) recently announced a pilot-
                             programme, which will be of particular
                             interest to Chinese and multinational
                             companies with R&D in Mainland China and Hong
                             Kong, especially if they wish to file patents
                             in Europe, US or other jurisdictions outside
                             of Mainland China.


                             The programme concerns the PCT system, which
                             allows an applicant to seek patent protection
                             in up to 153 countries worldwide, but delays
                             the deadline for entry into each country
                             until 30 months from the priority date. All
                             PCT applications are searched by an
                             International Search Authority (ISA) and the
                             applicant can review the results of this
                             prior search before deciding whether to take
                             the expensive step of proceeding in each
                             county of interest.


                             Until recently, for applicants located in
                             Mainland China and Hong Kong, the only choice
                             was for the prior art search to be carried
                             out by CNIPA. This was the case even if the
                             application was in English and even if the
                             application was filed by a subsidiary of a
                             multinational corporation.


                             However, thanks to the pilot programme,
                             launched on 1 December 2020, Mainland China
                             applicants may now select the European Patent
                             Office (EPO) to conduct the prior art search.
                             The programme is also open to individuals and
                             companies incorporated in Hong Kong.


                      # § Software Patents⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Innovative_Diagnostic_Methods_Remains_Vital_in
                              the_Fight_Against_Cancer⠀⇛


                                   The patent application specifically
                                   covers methods for capturing consistent
                                   data from infrared spectroscopy
                                   readers, as well as the application of
                                   various artificial intelligence
                                   algorithm development methods to the
                                   data. The ability of TBIA to make a
                                   diagnosis of cancer has first been
                                   applied to the detection of breast and
                                   colon cancers, where Todos has received
                                   CE Marks in Europe paving the way for
                                   commercialization initially focused on
                                   TMB-2 (dense breast / inconclusive
                                   mammogram secondary screening) and TMB-
                                   1 (general breast cancer screening)
                                   cancer detection tests.


                # § Copyrights⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Google_vs_Oracle:_Resolved_in_Favor_of_Open_Source⠀⇛


                             We are pleased to report that Google vs.
                             Oracle*, the landmark copyright case in the
                             US courts about software interoperability,
                             has been resolved favorably for open source
                             developers. It’s been a long road to get here
                             but it’s something the courts were always
                             going to have to address — is modern
                             technology best served by the copyright
                             maximalism that has long been promoted by the
                             content industry or should we instead re-
                             examine some of those assumptions to
                             facilitate multi-company platform
                             interoperability? The Supreme Court of the
                             United States did not take on the full scope
                             of the question but did provide some very
                             helpful guidance.


                             This was such an important question that OSI
                             filed an amicus curiae brief with the Supreme
                             Court to advocate on behalf of the open
                             source community.** We filed in support of
                             Google because the position Oracle was taking
                             — that it’s a copyright infringement to use
                             API’s even when they are being used solely to
                             create interoperability — would’ve been
                             disastrous for open source. Shared APIs
                             (application programming interfaces) are
                             essential for interoperability and
                             innovation.


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