𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Wednesday, April 28, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Thu 29 Apr 02:40:31 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/28/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmRECAKDtPGBk59mTWG5tjDDQMbPncttn2YvJhZgkBoihH QmQoGLXGKhEnGzM1kJmmAvMqf3qNTAKBULypQpGWYf5Uxk QmZ1tmGugDNECc6HWK6RAXyor4DYe8kwbyrb8zp1iXVv6Q QmbTzTqQXooSZzCFQCVHrCZsbnA5SXB2JuVPyQgZfNkYW2 Qmas3NxQ3mG3EhFrXQz9DGgH2g9SGY3iD1qUNUiY4LWzQQ QmR2aXCjFqinb5CLi2pSDWhp73xYd1eDTKczhT8jkehzYf QmW31SLGEz9drV7JSSER5kLtYFUA5cLhknY97hdnEjZioV QmeQXjcSNHGJsBoGy8uRLzXK3V9ajbWm4LoDbJMLu7W8ra QmbxfxQ8MP4wrNDfaJBaeWJ17wb6BBqDdLHDukQHp6mutQ QmSYuqJ9P8hSgdb5oVAzvtokT9bBSBWf33LBVJ2vDRkSNy QmRTzFTNKEua6GFu6EGuCeFpTxGtxKYvWkRpj6TC3HrkTp QmVQoeVwK2yhvvMWpLk1tJMvfibbhaMY4nFtuHBimEHW5T QmXNafXd5axgJbMSTJDBhpdahEES6VKHAfwY34G9rygpDN QmPQ7oG2Nj8FKAyQ85RrJktFVMurxCh3Pe3zvDx8rKMAUz QmRgCEHd5HvVtPhazUG8oVowda1vKyqEHfDS2witn4LgH5 QmNs8Lnd17CYyanMLrKZsJMxLpza6WZrFkBe5tLkqLDkZ5 QmTfYRsV88Nc6VUbdnHpsCrRY3CxAQgSjidMgNNrwavfRx QmTioizfonQmkmQZVpk7dZZ67X2Xig8ph9BLmioTxksWXg QmSQttceGFrFU7TmHNANAptaGSCcvan1Eq3QWESem6xe39 QmSZTG3h8A6U3zGFDJ43S48r7L4PQHNWePgtDfg9ttnbbM QmWWQB7dKfFykk9hqcajpXdEzfDGRmtj3BBEk4pp1nMBkN ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Here We Are... | Techrights ⦿ IBM: We Trust Microsoft, We Don’t Trust the FSF | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Tuesday, April 27, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ Joining Gemini Space and Reading Over Encrypted Connection Without Unnecessary Clutter | Techrights ⦿ For Hire: People Who Know How to Run a Site (for Employer ’Linux’ Foundation) | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/dehomag-song/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/ibm-chooses-microsoft-over-fsf/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/irc-log-270421/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/joining-gemini-space/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/linux-dot-com-hoax/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/opensuse-leap-15-3-rc/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/red-hat-summit-fluff/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 60 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/dehomag-song/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/28/dehomag-song/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Here_We_Are…⠀✐ Posted in Humour, IBM at 2:35 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz THE TIME is now To IBM we bow Not a question of how It’s IBM’s scared cow 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Star Trek President Warning: Wash the organisation (off the geeks); Then the 'open org' will become 'open wash'⦈ Wayland in a Ubuntu hippopotamus distro IBM no master but maestro Systemd was just the intro Init system turned full bistro Modularity down the drain Old programs and scripts out in the rain Opposition is hatred, not disdain Come aboard, it’s the IBM train “Choo choo” goes the IBM locomotive Smile, you nerds, show you’re emotive Vendor lock-in by no means destructive Our software patents are ‘open’ and inventive 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇The Open Org⦈ The final destination unknown to many Too many questions asked by the canny CentOS reduced to a penny Fedora is next, but it looks a little zenny The webchats are now rebranded a “summit” Our shares and our headcount continue to plummet Masters of the universe, kings of the planet Attracted to money like paperclip to a magnet Krishna and Allowhurst man the top deck Staff using GMail? Hey, what the HECK?! We name our products “Watson”, homage to a dreck While at the same time our GPL suppliers we smack The endgame not far We’ve lowered the bar Patents are a guiding star We’ll monopolise the OS, Wunderbar! █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠒⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠠⣤⣤⣀⣤⣧⣤⣭⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⡤⢤⡤⠤⣀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠐⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⢶⣫⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⢣⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣤⡄⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡌⣭⣭⠋⣥⣭⣩⣭⣭⢩⣭⣭⢩⣭⣭⣭⣥⢠⡍⣭⣭⡉⣤⣍⣥⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⡄⣤⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣷⣻⣿⡅⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⠶⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⡯⣭⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⣻⣿⣵⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠘⠛⠘⠋⠛⠛⠾⠃⠛⠛⠃⠀⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠀⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠃⠻⠟⠛⠋⠛⠘⠛⠘⠛⠙⠿⠃⠛⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⢦⣶⣶⢰⡶⢶⣶⠆⠰⣶⡶⣶⣶⡆⣶⠶⠀⣶⣶⣴⣶⠆⣶⠶⣶⣴⣦⣶⣶⢰⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣟⢻⣿⠃⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⡛⠀⣿⣶⣾⣿⠃⣿⡓⣿⣿⣬⣿⣷⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠛⠋⣘⣋⣘⣛⣀⣀⠛⠃⠛⠙⠃⠛⠛⠀⠙⠛⠋⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠙⠋⠛⠋⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠚⠂⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣘⣛⣛⡛⣛⢛⡻⢟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠿⣟⢛⣙⡻⣛⣻⢟⣉⡙⣉⢉⡀⠀⣀⣀⢀⣀⡀⠀⣀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⣿⣾⡇⡌⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢠⠛⣿⣿⡇⣿⣽⣿⣿⡅⣿⣾⡇⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⢸⣏⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⣿⢿⡇⠃⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⠘⠀⢿⣿⡇⣿⠉⢸⣿⡅⣿⢿⡇⠸⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢸⣯⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⣀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⣀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣥⣤⣰⣾⣿⠛⠙⠛⢿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣾⡏⢻⣷⣶⣶⡾⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠙⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⡯⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠉⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠴⣿⣿⣯⡉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣄⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣤⠄⢀⣀⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣽⠙⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹ ⣿⣿⣿⠙⠏⠻⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢷⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⠈⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠇⠀⢀⣝⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣝⣭⣭⡔⢰⠒⢆⣶⡖⣶⢶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⡆⡄⣀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⢆⡰⠢⢤⡀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⣿⠁⢀⣉⡘⣻⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣦⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣵⣤⣙⢦⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⢻⡄⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣀⣀⠈⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣽⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⡇⠀⠈⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣁⡀⠀ ⡄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠇⠀⢠⣤⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣧⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠷⠶⣿⣿⠗⠺⣷⠀⠀ ⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣷⠲⠶⢨⣤⣿⡇⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠘⠀⠀⠊⣿⡟⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⣦⡴⠞⣻⣿⣿⣿⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡄⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠠⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢷⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⢰⣷⡤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠧⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡇⠀⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣞⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣛⠀⠙⠒⠀⠊⡀⠀⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⡇⢹⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⡿⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠁⠙⡼⠤⠤⡦⣨⡔⡅⡰⠀⡄⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡛⠛⠛⠻⠟⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀ ⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠻⢋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⣸⣿⡏⠃⠀⡄⠃⡀⠤⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣀⡠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣾⣷⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⢿⣿⣍⠀⠀⠠⡈⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⢀⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤ ⢏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠷⡟⣿⣿⣿⣮⡛⠛⠛⢿⢿⣿⡿⠟⠙⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡡⠀⠂⡂⠹⡷⡞⠁⠃⠐⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢏⡟⣼⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡧⠀⠀⠈⣯⡉⣙⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠂⠀⠠⠑⢀⢄⠂⠐⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡾⣹⠇⢀⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⡺⠕⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠷⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢁⠀⢐⢹⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠄⠀⢈⢁⠄⠂⢂⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣱⠏⠀⡜⠇⢻⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢠⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣨⡶⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠋⠀⠔⠘⠰⠄⣿⣿⠇⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠉⠻⠛⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⡼⡞⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣇⠈⠂⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⣼⣿⠧⠁⠀⠤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢃⣿⣟⣈⣄⠀⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢐⠐⠒⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⡆⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⣿⠿⠿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠐⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⡿⠁⠀⠀⣉⠭⠋⢻⣿⡟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣝⡛⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢐⡀⠀⠀⠈⠉⡄⠀⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡩⣿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠋⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣾⣿⣿⡟⡿⠿⣿⣿ ⢘⣧⠀⠀⠀⠸⠯⢙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⣿⣦⣔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⢿⣧⡼⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙ ⢐⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣾⠿⡿⣏⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠈⠈⠢⢤⣀⣀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡘⣿⣿⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣛⠛⠛⠿⢛⣵⡟⠀⠹⣴⠀⠛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠒⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢹⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠞⠁⠀⠀⠇⣾⡿⠀⠀⠀⠙⣖⡐⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠂⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⢿⡋⠉⢹⣄⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠀⢿⣿⣦⠀⠤⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⡉⢩⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⣿⠖⣿⣿⡭⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⡏⠛⠀⡀⠻⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀ ⢀⡸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠄⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠑⡒⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡇⢁⠀⢂⣀⣀⣇⡀⢀⢰⣿⠃⣠⣼⣾⣦⣽⣿⣿⠆⠀ ⢐⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⠀⠠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⡜⣩⣾⣍⣀⣹⣿⣎⠟⠁⠀⢹⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀ ⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⡁⢀⢩⠅⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠋⠉⠙⠋⠀⠀ ⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⣠⡄⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣂⣹⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⢸⣿⣶⡾⠟⢀⣴⣾⣿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⡷⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢨⠀⠉⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢨⣁⣒⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⢀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣹⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣷⠈⠩⠛⠋⠉⢉⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡅⠀⢸⣹⣿⣿⣿⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠻⠿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣶⣿⠿⠛⠑⠠⠄⠷⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡔⠈⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣤⣄⢳⣄⠀⠛⠿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⡿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢨⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣤⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣜⣦⣵⣄⣇⣻⣿⣾⣶⣶⣷⣜⢀⣀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 239 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/ibm-chooses-microsoft-over-fsf/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/28/ibm-chooses-microsoft-over-fsf/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ IBM:_We_Trust_Microsoft,_We_Don’t_Trust_the_FSF⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, FSF, GNU/Linux, IBM, Microsoft, Red_Hat at 2:55 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Yesterday: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇IBM_and_C_sharp⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Microsoft_and_IBM⦈_ Summary: It’s rather revealing that the priorities at IBM are hostile towards the Free software community, with Microsoft basically coming before the FSF (which ‘merely’ provides, free of charge, the_operating_system_that_IBM_sells) ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⢊⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠄⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢤⣤⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡾⠶⢶⡶⠶⠶⠶⠿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⠛⢻⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠷⠶⠾⠷⠶⠶⢶⣶⣿⣿⠀⣉⠁⡌⠀⠀⠙⠀⣤⠀⣿⠀⢈⡁⠀⠆⠀⠈⡄⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⠿⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⣦⣴⣤⣤⣿⣦⣤⣤⣿⣤⣼⣧⣤⣦⣤⣤⣷⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣠⣸⣐⣃⣠⣸⣘⣃⣿⣿⣿⣒⣒⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⣉⠛⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⡏⢹⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠇⣈⢐⣂⣰⡘⢃⡆⢐⣂⡁⢸⠰⡶⢸⠰⣶⠄⡇⢒⣀⡇⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣶⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣀⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⠻⢹⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⡛⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⠏⡿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣻⢿⢿⠹⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠻⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣻⢻⡟⡟⣛⣻⢛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣐⣽⣸⣸⣘⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣌⣁⣦⣃⣅⣂⣇⣇⣌⣇⣃⣖⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⣝⣜⣸⣘⣼⣔⣾⣼⣸⣸⣐⣾⣘⣔⣰⣂⣽⣿⣿⣿⣧⣝⣹⡘⣸⣧⣙⣽⣘⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⡍⢹⡇⢹⣿⡿⢉⣤⡉⢻⠟⢩⣤⣉⣿⣿⣿⠋⠘⣿⡇⢠⡌⢹⣥⠀⣤⣼⠉⡿⢉⣤⣉⣿⠈⣿⣿⡏⢠⣤⣼⠉⣤⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠰⠦⢘⡇⠸⠿⢇⠘⠿⠏⣸⡄⠻⠤⠀⣼⣿⠇⣈⣁⠸⡇⢠⡀⢺⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⣇⠘⠿⠟⢿⠀⠿⠿⡇⠠⠴⢿⠲⠦⠄⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⡐⠒⡟⢉⡙⡏⢉⠉⡉⠛⠉⠙⣿⣿⢉⠉⣉⢹⢋⡉⢻⢉⡹⠉⠙⢿⣟⢠⣶⣶⡏⠁⠁⢸⣿⡀⠒⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣍⣥⣷⣌⣤⣧⣼⣤⣧⣴⣬⣭⣿⣿⣼⣤⣿⣼⣤⣡⣾⣼⣷⣬⣩⣿⣿⣦⣍⣤⣧⣦⣴⣿⣿⣯⣩⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡟⡿⠿⣿⡿⠻⡟⠿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠟⢽⢻⠿⢿⡿⢿⡏⣿⡿⢿⡿⠿⠻⡿⡿⠿⡏⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠫⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⣿⡟⣫⣛⡿⠻⢻⣿⢻⡛⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢻⡿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⢸⣿⡸⣇⣇⣇⣧⢍⣿⡇⣿⢸⢸⣸⡫⠅⣇⣿⡫⠅⡇⣿⡸⣇⣕⢿⡇⣇⠥⣽⣇⠿⣸⢸⣿⣕⢗⣄⠿⢸⢸⣿⣎⠿⢟⣅⣍⣽⣿⡾⢇⣿⡧⢍⣇⠥⣼⣾⢸⡨⢥⡯⢍⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⢡⢣⡇⠥⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⡱⠗⣇⠶⣸⢀⢾⣿⠬⢸⠸⣿⡇⠅⣇⠶⢸⡜⣱⠪⠌⣷⡇⣇⠶⢎⠤⢼⠰⠆⣿⡇⣾⠨⢬⠫⠄⡇⢿⠸⢸⢰⡇⠥⡥⠥⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣎⢒⢸⢸⢲⢸⡶⡎⢒⢽⢰⠆⣿⡆⣞⢴⢎⣿⢰⡎⡗⡆⣷⢾⢸⡸⣱⢰⢮⣿⣿⢰⡎⡇⣾⢰⢮⢰⡎⡶⢹⢰⢎⣿⢓⡂⡇⣦⣏⢶⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⢹⢑⣉⣯⣶⢰⢱⡎⡇⣾⢱⢹⡎⡟⡊⡇⣷⢹⢱⣾⢑⣊⣿⣿⢹⡎⣿⡇⢿⡿⡗⡐⣸⣿⣜⡃⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣾⣷⣷⣶⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣯⢨⣿⢹⢫⢫⡝⣿⡏⣿⡏⣭⢫⢹⢹⡩⢽⠩⠽⠩⢹⢫⡅⣿⡯⠭⠛⣭⢹⢹⢫⣿⢫⡝⡅⣽⣯⢨⢨⡝⡟⠭⢻⡟⣩⡹⢉⡝⠭⢋⠿⣹⡟⣭⣹⢹⡏⡫⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣃⣿⣮⣶⣷⣵⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣮⣾⣯⣾⣮⣾⣶⣵⣿⣷⣽⣶⣿⣾⣃⣿⣿⣮⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣷⣭⣿⣇⣮⣾⣾⣷⣯⣿⣶⣿⣿⣮⣾⣮⣷⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡟⠝⡟⣻⣩⡗⡟⣿⡇⡟⠻⢻⠫⣻⡗⡟⣫⢻⣿⢸⡇⣟⢿⡞⠽⣿⡟⢝⡟⠝⢿⣫⢺⠻⠟⡿⢿⣿⣿⢸⡟⡟⠝⠟⣻⠻⠛⣾⠫⣻⣟⠟⠻⡃⣫⢻⠻⠛⡟⡝⠻⢻⣿⢻⢻⣫⡻⢻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣧⣿⣯⣧⣷⣭⣧⣷⣭⣽⣭⣼⣧⣧⣿⣼⣿⣮⣧⣿⣼⣯⣭⣿⣯⣥⣧⣭⣿⣿⣼⣮⣽⣯⣵⣹⣿⣼⣧⣧⣭⣧⣿⣮⣽⣿⣭⣼⣿⣴⣦⣧⣿⣼⣮⣽⣧⣷⣭⣽⣿⢂⣿⣬⣵⣮⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⣟⣛⢿⣛⢻⣿⢟⣛⣟⡛⡋⣻⢛⣻⢘⡻⣿⢻⡟⡟⣛⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢰⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣝⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢳⡌⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣆⠱⠀⠈⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠹⡟⠟⢺⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠁⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⠄⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⡀⡿⣷⣆⢲⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣇⡜⠀⣼⢹⠉⣇⡼⣚⣯⣽⠁⢸⢩⠋⡧⣟⡛⢀⠎⠁⠃⢉⠺⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠚⠽⢿⡻⢿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣷⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄ ⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣤⣀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠢⠋⠆⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣵⣶⣿⣯⡄⠀⠀⠑⠣⠟⠦⠀⠀⢀⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡤⠀⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⣿⣷⣴⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⣠⣤⣾⣿⣯⣉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⢳⣾⣿⠡⢛⠤⠶⠾⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⠻⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠛⠛⠀⢀⠠⢬⣽⣷⣾⣿⡟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢀⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣧⢻⣄⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢤⣀⣠⣤⣼⣿⠟⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣧⣀⣤⣾⣷⣤⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⢿⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣿⣷⡹⠿⠀⠉⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠩⢭⡭⢭⡄⠭⣭⡄⢠⣭⠭⠀⡀⢀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⢩⡄⠀⢠⡤⢤⡀⠀⡤⢤⡄⣤⠀⠀⣧⢿⡴⢱⣺⢺⢓⡆⢠⡶⡶⣆⡔⡶⢶⣰⠒⣆⠖⢀⡖⠒⡶⢶⣸⡼⠀⡴⢲⣴⠃⢀⡖⡖⣲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠡⠶⠶⠤⠶⠦⠶⠂⠶⠦⠀⠀⠴⠦⠀⠉⠈⠁⠁⠉⠉⠈⠀⠈⠙⢁⣨⣶⣿⣿⣷⣢⡏⠀⠀⠙⠁⠙⠉⠁⠁⠀⠉⠋⠈⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 436 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/irc-log-270421/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/28/irc-log-270421/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Tuesday,_April_27,_2021⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:48 am by Needs Sunlight 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmXBbenGBRYgH4yMuZnA5mobUGfm7RSAjqmNSWE8sfLLAp #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmRvh1XhZmJV6r8kxYHD3AHaX7fQyXxtRuiMsYYeRPRVew (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmW2PWA39fzMoPSC3cMaJY3YaQoSQqydwDaitr2Fw5aCzH social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmbDcPrtdTJsMapagRnsTEyE3Edf3yU2NVU5nU5ngPcJaX social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmcQ4NcGsMauPJjwkvxX8HAtjCDMs9w6MPtra6W6EDKN7p #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  Qmaxt2XDgXfGz9e8jGNSvT9oiBaFpmzVnjWjgHx8WKWRYV (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmPCEJLFZdC9skaQtWSYH9s5coEV2EmF7qBMSVzLVTbC2R #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmNcK1os5eDTEMi3YCYQQnVeF5yH3oftMwoyv9K5Ahur4W (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmWWQB7dKfFykk9hqcajpXdEzfDGRmtj3BBEk4pp1nMBkN ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 550 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/joining-gemini-space/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/28/joining-gemini-space/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Joining_Gemini_Space_and_Reading_Over_Encrypted_Connection_Without Unnecessary_Clutter⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 4:25 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Summary: Gemini space (some spell it Geminispace) is expanding and software for browsing Gemini capsules (client/browser) has matured to the point where it’s very easy to join in, no matter what operating system one uses WITH over 100,000 page requests from 1,100 unique addresses (gemini:// gemini.techrights.org) in less than 4 weeks we’ve convinced ourselves that Gemini protocol isn’t a waste of time and isn’t a passing fad. It’s expanding. The Gemini space is still in a state of expansion. We see more articles about it, we see more articles in it, we see more people getting involved at various capacities (some compose pages, some code, some promote, and some contribute to the formulation of a future standard). “We recognise the fact that many people are uninterested or even intimidated by Gemini because it’s new and scarcely understood.”We wrote about gemini:/ / yesterday and we try to write about it at least once a week (it used to be once a day, but we’ve run out of unique things to say). We recognise the fact that many people are uninterested or even intimidated by Gemini because it’s new and scarcely understood. For this reason, we’ve decided to reproduce below a new quickstart guide from Jason McBrayer (licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License). We’ve copied it verbatim below. █ =============================================================================== § What is Gemini?⠀➾ Gemini is a new way of using the Internet, separate from the World Wide Web you are familiar with. Compared to the WWW, it is intended to be: * Simpler – Gemini pages aren’t programs that run in your browser like most modern websites are; they’re just text with a little formatting, so there are no surprises. Once you know how one Gemini page works, you know how they all work. * Human Scale – Gemini servers and clients aren’t written by big, monopolistic software companies the way web browsers are; the DIY ethos of Gemini means that complete applications can be written by individual developers or small groups in a reasonable amount of time. That also means that you have more choices compared to web browsers. * Distraction Free – Gemini pages are text-only and have simple typography. You can view images, watch video, or listen to music over Gemini, but nothing will ever autoplay, pop over what you’re reading, or jump out of the way of your mouse. * Privacy Protecting – Every Gemini request is independent of every other, so there’s no way to track you between sites. Every site you visit is protected by the same encryption used by banking and eCommerce sites on the WWW. More details are in the Official_Gemini_FAQ. Be aware that it’s targeted at a more technical audience than this quick start page, so you might want to skip it for now and come back later. The main thing to know is that you’re going to get a much more stripped-down experience compared to the modern WWW, but that’s okay! Some of the choices made to keep Gemini simple may seem too extreme, compared to even a bare-bones web site, but there are hidden benefits that won’t be obvious at first. § How do I read pages on Gemini?⠀➾ The first thing to do is to install a Gemini client. A Gemini client is like a web browser, except instead of browsing the web, it browses Geminispace. There are at least a couple of Gemini clients available for most platforms. Here, I’m going to recommend just one, that I think will feel most familiar or least surprising to new users. That doesn’t mean I think the other ones are bad. A lot of it is just personal preference, just like with web browsers. After you get used to Gemini with the client I recommend, you may want to try some others. You may be used to doing everything in the web browser, and find it strange or uncomfortable to have to install a different program to read Gemini pages. But you’ll get used to it; the WWW tries to be everything to everyone, both a floor-wax and a toothpaste, while Gemini tries to be good at just one thing. ⚓ Windows⠀⇛ You have several options for a Gemini browser on Windows, but I’m going to recommend that you install Geminaut, because of its comfortable, Windows-native user interface. Download and run the latest MSI file from the website. You will get a warning that the installer isn’t signed, which is because the developer is an independent hobbyist. If you downloaded it directly from the link above, it should be safe to “run anyway”. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_GemiNaut_on_Windows_10⦈_ Lagrange is another good option – it has more features and is lightweight, but the user interface isn’t native like GemiNaut’s. There is also a nightly build of Kristall. ⚓ MacOS⠀⇛ There are several Gemini clients that can be built for MacOS, but the only one I know of that provides pre-built downloads for a released version is Lagrange. That’s okay, because Lagrange is a very good browser. The UI doesn’t use native controls, but it’s light and fast. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_Lagrange_on_MacOS⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Another_screenshot_of_Lagrange_on_MacOS⦈_ There may also be nightly builds of Kristall, if you’re so inclined. ⚓ iOS⠀⇛ There is one Gemini client on the app store, called Elaho. There is another one on TestFlight called Rocketeer. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_Elaho_on_iPhone⦈_ ✐ Android⠀✐ For Android, I recommend Ariane. The developer’s site has several different download options, but if you are at all unsure, you should install_from_Google Play. Deedum is also a good client for Android, but its UI is not quite as simple. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_Ariane_on_Android_10⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_deedum_on_Android_10⦈_ ⚓ GNU/Linux or Unix (desktop GUI)⠀⇛ If you’re able to compile programs from source, you are spoiled for choice. Most Gemini clients are developed for Linux. The main GUI choices are: * Lagrange * Kristall_(QT5) * Castor_(GTK) If you need a binary release, you will probably need to install Lagrange. Lagrange_is_on_FlatHub, so if your distribution supports FlatPaks, you’re in luck. There is also a nightly AppImage of Kristall, if you prefer. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_Lagrange_on_Linux_(sway)⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_kristall⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_screenshot_of_castor,_with_quite_an_odd_GTK_theme⦈_ ⚓ GNU/Linux or Unix (terminal or console)⠀⇛ The situation here is similar to Linux GUI clients, but there are at least two that have binary releases: * Bombadillo * Amfora If you’re not sure which you want, go for Amfora; it has more familiar keybindings than Bombadillo. ⚓ Other⠀⇛ If there’s no Gemini client for your platform, but there is a web browser, you can use a proxy. Either portal.mozz.us or proxy.vulpes.one should work for your needs. You shouldn’t use a proxy just because you don’t want to install a Gemini client, though! You will miss out on the experience of not using the web browser. § Where do I point my Gemini client?⠀➾ By now, you should have a Gemini client installed. If you’ve tried to install one, but gotten stuck, please feel free to give me an email at help@geminiquickst.art. I don’t mind! You can do this next part using one of the web portals, but it would be better if you had a real client installed. First, open up your Gemini client, and arrange it so that you can see both the Gemini client and the web browser you’re reading this in. You should be able to follow the rest of this tutorial in Gemini. In your Gemini client, open gemini: //geminiquickst.art/. You may or may not be able to click on that link from your web browser and have it open up in your Gemini client, depending on a lot of nerd stuff that you don’t have to care about now. If it doesn’t open up on click, copy and paste gemini://geminiquickst.art/ into your Gemini client. You should get a page that’s pretty much the same as this one, though the colors and fonts may be different. Scroll it down until you reach this point, then read the rest of your page in your Gemini client, rather than your web browser. § Where do I find things to read on Gemini?⠀➾ Gemini is pretty new, so like the early web, there’s not as much content as you’re used to on the modern web, and too much of it is tech stuff. But there’s a lot of other stuff there too, if you’re willing to look. ⚓ Gemlogs (like blogs)⠀⇛ One of the main things people have been using Gemini for is blogging. And it makes sense, because blogs are mostly text, it’s easy to find updates, and the web has made a real mess of it, where it hasn’t completely abandoned it to social media. Several of the clients recommended above have built in feed-readers for subscribing to gemlogs and staying informed about updates. If yours does, I recommend that you take advantage of that feature as you find gemlogs you want to read. It will be more flexible than depending on a feed aggregator hosted by someone else, and easier than setting up your own feed aggregator. But to find feeds to subscribe to, you’re best off starting with an aggregator someone else is running. This is a list of well-known public aggregators in Geminispace. * CAPCOM is run by Solderpunk, the founder of the Gemini project. It knows about over 200 Gemini feeds, but picks 100 every month to display. It’s a good way of finding feeds to follow. * Spacewalk is an aggregator that follows every update to the pages it follows. This makes it a little less accurate than CAPCOM, but can follow pages that don’t announce their updates. * gmisub aggregates over 100 feeds using the Gemini_simple_feed specification. ⚓ Curated directories of interesting pages by topic⠀⇛ Because Geminispace is a lot smaller than the web, it’s still somewhat possible to hand-curate a list of interesting sites. You may remember how Yahoo! got its start as a curated index of links by topic. * Medusae.space is an index similar to the old Yahoo!. You can browse by topic, or search. * Gemini_Discovery is a index of search engines and indices you can use to find things you’re interested in. ⚓ Searching⠀⇛ You can also search Gemini, just like you can search the web. However, it’s not indexed by Google or Bing or DuckDuckGo; we have our own search engines. Or rather, search engine. There have been three search engines built for Gemini, but only one is currently active: Geminispace.info. That said, search is not as important, currently, on Gemini as it is on the WWW. Subscriptions and cross-site links are the main ways of finding new things. § How do I publish/share things on Gemini?⠀➾ This part is a little harder, but people are busily working on making it easier! The first thing that you should know is that there’s no direct equivalent of the WWW’s social media sites on Gemini. Gemini doesn’t have a built-in method for posting things, so most people posting on Gemini right now are using separate tools to write their pages or posts and to upload them to a server. And that’s leaving out registering an account on the server, which is usually done manually by the site owner! But that situation is going to get better. Right now, there are a few Gemini sites where the “separate tools” for registering an account and posting pages or updates are web applications, and it’s likely that someone will make an integrated native application. ⚓ Gemini sites with WWW applications for posting⠀⇛ * The_Midnight_Pub is a hybrid Gemini site with a “local pub” theme. Some people post regular gemlogs, some people role-play the part of patrons at the pub. It’s kind of a slow-paced social media site. Registration requires emailing the bartender to ask them for a key, but don’t be shy – they just want to make sure you’re not a spammer. People can subscribe to a feed of just your posts, or a feed of everyone at the pub. * Gemlog.Blue is a site that makes it easy to maintain a gemlog. You can register on the WWW side of the site, and create, edit, or delete posts through the web interface, and view them through Gemini. People can subscribe to a feed of your posts. * Flounder is another site with a web application for posting. It’s more general-purpose than Gemlog.Blue or the Midnight Pub. The registration page asks where you heard about Flounder, but it’s really just a low-tech anti-spam measure. Tell them this page sent you. ⚓ Gemini sites with public account signup⠀⇛ Shared hosting on Gemini today is pretty similar to shared hosting on the WWW in 1999, but in general more community-oriented and friendlier. If you think of these sites as being like GeoCities, but without neon backgrounds and blinking “under construction” GIFs, you won’t be too far wrong. With these sites, you will sign up, either via the web or email, and have a space that you can access with a native graphical file transfer application such as FileZilla (Windows, MacOS, or Linux). You’ll write Gemtext documents on your own computer, then copy them to your host with Filezilla or a similar program. Some of these sites will want you to send an SSH public key, which may sound too technical, but Digital_Ocean has a pretty good guide to using them with FileZilla. It’s focused on their own VPS service, but most of it should apply here, too. One warning – if you’re on Windows and you’re not careful with how you install Filezilla, you may end up with some additional bundled software you don’t want. For Windows users, I recommend Winscp as an alternative. * pollux.casa offers free Gemini hosting on subdomains (like ‘yourname.pollux.casa’) that are also reachable by http. Sign-up is by email to Adële, the host, and access to your files is by SFTP or FTPS. Overall, this seems like one of the most friendly site hosting options for newcomers. * If you are a French speaker, you might look at Un_bon_café, a French Gemini hosting service that aims to be simple and use sFTP for uploading content. They also offer an email hosting service. The service is free. * koyu.space offers free hosting. Unlike some of the others, your site gets automatically updated from a git repository you maintain, so this one is probably not best for non-technical people, unless you have a hankering to learn git. * SourceHut_Pages offers free Gemini hosting. Their setup is probably more complex than non-technical users will want to engage with, but it’s free, and it’s somewhat less involved than running your own Gemini server. * Jae’s_Gemini_pod offers free hosting, on a subdomain or your own domain. You’ll need to send the owner a SSH public key, a name for your website, and the domain name or subdomain you want to use. * Main_Street_in_Nightfall_City offers Gemini, Gopher, and WWW hosting at the center of downtown Nightfall City, home of the Midnight Pub. The hosting here is a little more hands-on, but more flexible. You’ll need an account name and SSH public key. The online help focuses on terminal tools, but you should be able to use FileZilla or similar to upload your pages. * si3t.ch offers free shared hosting. Your capsule will have its own subdirectory. Instructions are on the site. ⚓ Pubnixes and Tildes⠀⇛ A pubnix is a PUBlic uNIX server, a kind of shared computer for use by members of a community. They’re usually used by logging in to a terminal interface using an SSH (secure shell) client. That’s actually a very good way to dip your toes into the more technical side of Gemini (and Gopher, and WWW) hosting, but it’s understandable if it’s not for you. Many pubnixes offer Gemini hosting to their members. These are a few pubnixes with Gemini hosting: * The_Mare_Crisium_Soviet_Socialist_Regency * The_Mare_Tranquillitatis_People’s_Circumlunar_Zaibatsu * The_Mare_Serenitatis_Circumlunar_Corporate_Republic * Ctrl-C_Club * envs.net * heathens.club * Park_City * rawnix.org * RawTextClub * SDF_Public_Access_UNIX_System * tilde.pink ⚓ Self-hosting guides (here be monsters)⠀⇛ It’s not hard, as these things go to set up a Gemini server on a VPS (Virtual Private Server), a collocated server, or a Raspberry Pi in a shoebox under the bookshelf your router sits on. However “as these things go” covers a lot of evils. You’ll generally need to be familiar with the Unix or Linux command- line, installing software from a distribution repository, and with compiling software from source. I do not yet have any How-To documents collected for self-hosting a Gemini server. Please let me know if you find or write one! § Conclusion⠀➾ That’s it! Hopefully by this point you have found some things you want to read on Gemini, ideally things you’ve subscribed to that will keep you coming back. And if things have gone really well, you’ll have established a foothold of your on in Geminispace, and I’ll be reading something you’ve shared in not too long. If any of the steps in this document were unclear or you need help for another reason, please feel free to email help@geminiquickst.art. If you see something that’s missing (like a hosting site you want to recommend), or something wrong, please mail info@geminiquickst.art. Thank you for reading! See you out there! =============================================================================== © Jason McBrayer, 2021 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇This_work_is_licensed_under_a Creative_Commons_Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike_4.0_License⦈_ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 995 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/04/28/linux-dot-com-hoax/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/04/28/linux-dot-com-hoax/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ For_Hire:_People_Who_Know_How_to_Run_a_Site_(for_Employer_‘Linux’ Foundation)⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux at 5:05 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Related: Linux_Foundation_Newsletter_is_Microsoft_Windows_and_Proprietary_IIS | The_Linux_Foundation’s_Staff_Uses_Windows_and_Microsoft._Now_the_Foundation Outsources_the_Coding_and_Hosting,_Too_(to_Microsoft_of_Course). | Linux Foundation_Apparently_Celebrates_Sysadmin_Day_With_a_Microsoft_Windows_Site! 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇lf-brain-drain⦈_ Summary: The above has been up and published (front page) for at least 3 hours already; this is what happens when one hires charlatans and people from Microsoft, as the Linux_Foundation does — people incapable of running Linux.com 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇linux-dot-com-edit⦈_ ⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⡿⠟⣿⣿⠻⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣸⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠨⢍⠆⡇⡶⣿⢨⣽⠰⣩⠔⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⡍⡻⣟⢿⡏⣿⢹⠟⡟⡿⠻⣻⠋⢽⠛⠟⡿⢛⠿⡋⡟⢻⢻⠹⡻⠿⢻⣿⠙⡟⡻⢛⠿⠻⡿⠿⢛⠿⡻⢟⠿⡻⣿⢫⢻⠟⠿⡻⢛⢿⡟⢝⢟⢿⠿⡟⡻⠻⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣧⣧⣮⣽⣧⣭⣼⣤⣧⣥⣴⣽⣤⣷⣤⣦⣥⣼⣴⣥⣧⣼⣼⣴⣥⣼⣼⣧⣶⣥⣧⣼⣴⣥⣧⣤⣼⣤⣥⣦⣬⣤⣿⣬⣼⣠⣦⣤⣼⣼⣧⣥⣮⣼⣤⣧⣧⣽⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠩⠙⡟⡟⠛⢻⠛⠛⡏⢛⡿⠻⣿⠩⠝⡛⡛⢙⢻⠛⠟⠋⢛⠹⠛⢟⢹⡏⣿⢹⠛⠟⡟⡻⣻⠏⣝⢟⢻⠛⡏⡙⠻⢛⠟⠟⡛⢟⠻⠛⣿⡩⠛⡍⣏⢹⡋⣿⡿⠻⡋⠉⢹⡟⡛⢻⢛⠟⡟⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣴⣥⣧⣼⣼⣤⣧⣧⣮⣿⣾⣿⣬⣥⣧⣧⣬⣼⣬⣧⣴⣮⣴⣥⣮⣼⣧⣭⣼⣼⣦⣥⣴⣽⣧⣵⣮⣼⣤⣧⣷⣽⣼⣮⣦⣧⣮⣴⣤⣿⣤⣵⣥⣧⣭⣧⣿⣧⣧⣧⣶⣼⣧⣧⣾⣮⣾⣼⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⢛⢛⠛⡛⡛⣿⢩⢹⠛⡏⡻⠩⠙⡛⣿⡏⡟⡛⠻⢹⠛⡟⢻⢛⢹⡋⢟⢻⣏⠩⡟⠻⠛⠏⡋⡋⠟⢻⣿⡹⠹⢹⠛⠟⠋⡛⡏⢛⠻⡛⡋⡟⠻⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣮⣶⣷⣷⣿⣶⣾⣴⣷⣴⣶⣶⣷⣽⣷⣷⣷⣽⣶⣴⣷⣾⣶⣾⣧⣶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣽⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣮⣿⣷⣷⣷⣵⣮⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣀⣷⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⣿⣯⡺⣿⣿⣿⢗⣽⣿⣿⡘⠲⣸⣿⣯⠫⣦⣿⡇⣿⣏⣀⣸⣿⣧⣡⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠛⠻⣿⢿⡟⣿⠻⠿⢿⠿⢿⡟⢻⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠟⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⢿⠿⣿⢻⡟⠿⡿⡿⠿⣿⠛⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⢻⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣸⣰⣀⣠⣇⣛⣀⣆⣘⣀⣸⣇⣦⣂⣘⣀⣆⣐⣀⣰⣀⣄⣠⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣇⣆⣀⣼⣘⣃⣰⣀⣃⣀⣿⣰⣔⣀⣃⣰⣀⣂⣀⣆⣠⣀⣴⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠻⡿⠿⠿⠟⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⠛⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⠿⠿⠿⠻⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⡛⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠛⠻⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣤⣥⣤⣧⣬⣤⣥⣼⣤⣥⣤⣤⣼⣬⣴⣠⣤⣤⣧⣧⣤⣬⣤⣥⣼⣬⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣬⣧⣼⣤⣥⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣥⣆⣤⣤⣼⣼⣤⣤⣥⣬⣤⣧⣥⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠉⢻⠛⡛⢻⡛⡻⢙⣻⠟⢿⠉⠝⡛⠛⠙⠟⠛⡋⢛⠙⠻⠋⣿⢹⡏⢛⠟⢛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠙⡟⠛⠛⢛⠛⠏⢙⡿⠻⡏⠩⢛⠛⠏⠻⠛⢛⠙⡋⠛⠛⢹⡏⣿⠙⠻⠛⡛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣤⣦⣤⣿⣼⣧⣷⣼⣼⣷⣿⣤⣤⣧⣴⣤⣦⣴⣤⣦⣴⣴⣤⣿⣤⣤⣼⣦⣴⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣤⣴⣧⣼⣼⣦⣦⣿⣾⣧⣤⣼⣦⣦⣴⣤⣦⣴⣤⣦⣦⣼⣧⣴⣦⣷⣤⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⡤⠋⠉⡉⢁⠉⠋⠋⠉⡉⢉⠋⢹⡧⢈⠀⠥⣸⡍⣿⠁⠁⢸⠀⡇⠙⠘⠉⡙⠙⠉⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢡⠜⡉⢉⠉⡈⠙⠙⠉⢉⠋⡙⠉⣿⠄⡁⠨⢄⣯⣿⡏⠈⡀⡇⢸⠈⠃⠋⢉⠋⠋⠻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠛⠛⠋⡏⡉⢻⡏⠋⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⢹⢉⠙⡏⠙⠉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⣽⣽⣽⣯⣯⣯⣯⣯⣽⣽⣽⣽⣭⣯⣯⣯⣯⣽⣽⣽⣽⣽⣯⣯⣯⣯⣿⣽⣽⣽⣽⣯⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣯⣯⣿⣽⣽⣽⣽⣯⣯⣯⣯⣿⣽⣽⣽⣽⣯⣯⣯⣯⣯⣽⣽⣽⣽⣭⣯⣯⣯⣯⣽⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠩⠀⠨⡇⣂⡩⠉⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠅⠀⢽⢐⡈⠍⠉⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠙⠛⠉⡏⠉⢹⡏⠩⠍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠋⢹⠉⠉⡯⠉⠩⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1079 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_28/4/2021:_Ubuntu_21.10_is_“Impish_Indri”,_OpenSUSE_Leap_15.3_RC⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 6:43 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_Linux_is_Better_for_The_Office⠀⇛ When working in an office, you naturally need a sharing operating system for each and every computer to allow for the quickest installation of files. While many people are currently trending towards Windows, which has marketed itself as the premier suite for offices as opposed to Apple, which is more for creatives, your best bet is actually investing in Linux products instead. This guide will explain exactly why, with five key reasons as to how Linux is much better for office use. Read on now in order to learn all about it. Best Security Around If you are looking for security, especially after hearing about the awful hacks of Microsoft that occurred this year, then it might make sense for you to shift your operating system to Linux instead. This is because it is a highly configurable system, meaning that you can switch your security parameters around in order to work for your business. Additionally, it is simply not being targeted by hackers as much, meaning that once you install it, you can sleep better at night. Open Source Linux, unlike its counterparts, runs on open source software, which makes the operating system the number one choice for programmers as this means that they can change the way that Linux operates according to their own personal preferences. This means that when you have Linux in your office, you don’t have to worry about whether or not a certain process can succeed, as there will be a way to change it in the backend, something not possible with closed-source software. # ⚓ Entroware_reveal_their_refreshed_Apollo_with_11th_Gen_Intel and_Iris_Xe_Graphics_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Looking for your next Ubuntu powered ultrabook? We might have what you’re looking for with the new Entroware Apollo. Not a name we hear too often from but Entroware are a dedicated Linux hardware vendor based in the UK, who also ship to the Republic of Ireland, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. So if other hardware vendors have proven too expensive on shipping – here’s another choice. Entroware claims it’s “built from top to bottom using the best components available, for a richer, faster Ubuntu experience. Now shipping with NVMe PCIe SSD storage as standard”. o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ 9_network_commands_every_Linux_admin_should_know⠀⇛ If you’re considering adding Linux to your data center, or your company is looking at promoting you to become their first (or next) Linux admin, you probably understand there are lots of commands to learn. In fact, during your early days of Linux admin, it’ll seem like all you do is learn new commands. But you don’t have to approach the task without having first learned a few commands that will carry you through the beginning steps and into your intermediate period of Linux admin. So why not concentrate on a particular area that you will be dealing with pretty consistently—the network? Chances are good your Linux systems will be used for one or more network services, so you’ll need to have at least a basic understanding of the more useful network tools. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_5.13_Introducing_Misc_Cgroup_Controller_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The Linux 5.13 development kernel is introducing a new “misc” cgroup controller. The misc cgroup controller is to be used for resources that are controlled by simply counting / limiting the number of resource instances in a scalar manner. This cgroup controller can be used for purposes like tracking/limiting the number of enclaves on the system based upon hardware constraints, The initial user of this misc cgroup controller is for address space IDs used for virtual machine memory encryption. # ⚓ Linux_5.13_Lands_Support_For_Randomizing_Stack_Offsets_Per Syscall_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ One of the new security features in Linux 5.13 is the ability to randomize kernel stack offsets at each system call. This optional feature is now mainlined. Randomizing the kernel stack offset per-system-call is intended to make it more challenging for rogue actors to carry out stack-based attacks on the Linux kernel. This has been in the works for over two years and was inspired by PaX’s “RANDKSTACK” feature but the actual implementation has taken a different approach. Simply put though this randomizing of the kernel stack at each system call is to fend off exploits relying on kernel stack determinism. # ⚓ Linux_is_Turning_30_Years_Old_&_Printk_Is_Still_Being Refined_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The printk() function dates all the way back to the original Linux kernel release and even with Linux turning thirty years old this week, work on printk is not over. Back during Linux 5.10 last year a long overdue revamp of printk() began to land and now with Linux 5.13 more of that work is crossing the finish line. In 5.10 the ring-buffer became fully lock-less but still relying on a log buffer lock. # ⚓ Linux_kernel_vulnerability_exposes_stack_memory,_causes data_leaks_|_ZDNet⠀⇛ Disclosed by Cisco Talos researchers on Tuesday, the bug is described as an information disclosure vulnerability “that could allow an attacker to view Kernel stack memory.” The kernel is a key component of the open source Linux operating system. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2020-28588, was found in the proc/pid/ syscall functionality of 32-bit ARM devices running the OS. # ⚓ An_Interview_With_Linus_Torvalds:_Linux_and_Git⠀⇛ Thirty years ago, Linus Torvalds was a 21 year old student at the University of Helsinki when he first released the Linux Kernel. His announcement started, “I’m doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won’t be big and professional…)”. Three decades later, the top 500 supercomputers are all running Linux, as are over 70% of all smartphones. Linux is clearly both big and professional. For three decades, Linus Torvalds has led Linux Kernel development, inspiring countless other developers and open source projects. In 2005, Linus also created Git to help manage the kernel development process, and it has since become the most popular version control system, trusted by countless open source and proprietary projects. # ⚓ Linux_5.11.17⠀⇛ I'm announcing the release of the 5.11.17 kernel. All users of the 5.11 kernel series must upgrade. The updated 5.11.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ stable/linux-stable.git linux-5.11.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/ linux-s... thanks, greg k-h # ⚓ Linux_5.10.33⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_5.4.115⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_4.19.189⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_4.14.232⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_4.9.268⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_4.4.268⠀⇛ o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Zellij_Is_A_New_Terminal_Multiplexer_Written_In_Rust⠀⇛ Zellij is a new terminal workspace and multiplexer (like tmux and screen) written in Rust, available for macOS and Linux. Among its most important features are a layout system, and plugins written in any language that compiles to WebAssembly. While the tool is ready for everyday use, it’s still important to mention that right now it has the beta status, so you might encounter an occasional crash. It also misses quite a few features for now (read on for details). Unlike other terminal multiplexers, like tmux or screen, Zellij comes with a user-friendly UI out of the box, showing a status bar at the bottom of the screen with the available keyboard shortcuts and tips for using this tool. The status bar (as well as the tab bar) is implemented as a plugin, and it can easily be disabled when you get accustomed to its keyboard shortcuts. # ⚓ Finit_v4.0_Released,_A_Simple_SysV_And_Systemd Replacement⠀⇛ Finit is a simple alternative to SysV init and systemd. Version 4.0 was finally released and comes with significant changes. Finit (Fast Init) is a small SysV init and systemd replacement with process supervision similar to that of daemontools and runit. Its focus is on small and embedded GNU/Linux systems, although it is fully functional on standard server and desktop installations. Finit is fast because it starts services in parallel. It then supervises and automatically restarts them if they fail. This can be extended upon with custom callbacks for all services, hooks into the boot process, or plugins to extend the functionality and adapt Finit to your needs. But Finit is not only fast, it’s arguably one of the easiest to get started with. A complete system can be booted with one simple configuration file. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_install_Lubuntu_21.04⠀⇛ In this video, I am going to show how to install Lubuntu 21.04. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Pleroma_Social_Network_Platform_on_Ubuntu 20.04⠀⇛ Pleroma is an open-source federated social networking platform, compatible with Mastodon and other ActivityPub platforms. It is a part of the Fediverse, a federated network of instances that can communicate using a common protocol. One single account on one instance can talk to the entire Fediverse network. This guide will show you how to create your own Pleroma instance by installing it on an Ubuntu 20.04 based server. # ⚓ What_is_Cert-Manager_and_how_to_setup_Cert-Manager_for_SSL certificates_in_Kubernetes_Cluster_on_AWS_using_Helm⠀⇛ Cert-Manager is a controller used for certificate management. A Cert-Manager can help to issue certificates from different issuers like Let’s Encrypt, HashiCorp Vault, Venafi, a simple signing key pair, or self-signed. Cert-Manager validates certificates, ensures they are up to date, and renews before expiry. Cert-Manager is made up of several components as mentioned below. # ⚓ How_to_prevent_CUPS_omitting_the_bottom_of_the_CUPS_Printer test_page_|_Fitzcarraldo’s_Blog⠀⇛ This is something that has been bugging me for years but I never bothered to look into it until now. When I set up a printer using CUPS Administration and then print a test page, for some printers the bottom of the test page image is cut off, as shown in the scanned image below. Also, the left side of the test page image is too close to the left side of the sheet of paper. This happens when I use the Gutenprint printer drivers, although I do not know if that is a coincidence. The CUPS printer test page (A4 paper) shown below is from a Canon PIXMA MP510 printer using the Gutenprint v5.3.3 driver for that model. # ⚓ How_to_install_GNOME_(GUI)_on_CentOS_–_LinuxTechLab⠀⇛ When we install any CentOS version, we do have the option to install GUI along with the operating system as well. But many times, we might not install the GUI as we do not have a need for the GUI & installing those packages for GUI will only result in an increase in CentOS installation size. But what do we do if need to GUI for CentOS afterward? Do we need to reinstall CentOS ? or can we just install some packages for GUI? The answer to that is, Yes we can install GNOME (GUI) on CentOS. In this tutorial, we will learn how to install Gnome of CentOS 7 installations. Gnome provides a nice GUI for us to manage our servers graphically. # ⚓ MongoDB_Replica_Set_with_Master-Slave_Replication_and Automated_Failover⠀⇛ A replica set is a group of MongoDB database nodes used for defining database clusters with master- slave replication and automated failover. A replica set contains a single primary node, multiple secondary nodes, and an arbiter node. The primary node receives all write operations while other nodes apply operations from the primary so that all nodes have the same data set. If your primary node breaks due to hardware failure or system-related issues, the replica set members autonomously select a new primary node, and your application functioning without manual intervention. In this post, we will explain how to set up a MongoDB replica set with three nodes. We will also show you how to create an environment, configure authentication between multiple database nodes and finally configure the replication between all nodes. # ⚓ Write_a_bash/shell_script_to_Finding_and_deleting_duplicate files_or_directories_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ At one point, we had already talked about checking to see if strings inside of a file were unique and if we could sort them, but we haven’t yet performed a similar operation on files. However, before diving in, let’s make some assumptions about what constitutes a duplicate file for the purpose of this recipe: a duplicate file is one that may have a different name, but the same contents as another. # ⚓ WordPress_News_–_Getting_Started_with_the_Figma_WordPress Design_Library_–_WordPress.org⠀⇛ As the name suggests, the WordPress Design Library is a library of WordPress design assets, enabling anyone to quickly create design prototypes for WordPress UI in Figma. These tools are useful for designers when creating new UI and for anyone looking to contribute ideas, enhancements, or even solutions to bug reports. Sometimes pictures really do speak a thousand words. In this post, we’ll talk about some key features of Figma before diving into a practical example that demonstrates some of the WordPress Design Library utilities. # ⚓ How-to_Get_[Query]_AWS_EC2_Instance_Metadata⠀⇛ In this tutorial we will learn how to get EC2 Instance Metadata from an AWS EC2 instance. We will get the metadata using ec2-metadata and ec2 metadata. This is not typo. The tools name is really similar but one of them using dash on its name. # ⚓ IUS_Repository_On_CentOS_7_:_How_To_Enable⠀⇛ In this tutorial we’ll learn how to enable IUS repository on CentOS 7. IUS stands for Inline with Upstream Stable. IUS will update RPM packages once new versions released by upstream developers. IUS will also not replace stock RPM packages or pacakges that shipped with distribution. The goal of IUS project is to provide high quality RPM packages for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS. # ⚓ How_to_Discover,_From_Inside_a_Bash_Script,_the_Path_the Script_Is_In⠀⇛ When you develop complex Bash scripts and start putting various scripts into a folder, where one script interacts with another by, for example, starting it, it quickly becomes necessary to ensure we know the path the script was started from, so we can start the other scripts with a fully qualified pathname. This is important because the first script may have been started from outside the script’s directory. We could have also done so by using a relative path, so even – somehow – reading the command that started the current script will not work. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Linux_Kernel_5.12_In_Ubuntu_/_Linux_Mint_| Tips_On_UNIX⠀⇛ Linus Torvalds announced the Linux Kernel 5.12 after few weeks in development and available for general usage with new features, improvements, and better hardware support. As per Linus Torvalds for Kernel 5.12 Thanks to everybody who made last week very calm indeed, which just makes me feel much happier about the final 5.12 release. This tutorial will be helpful for beginners to install kernel 5.12 in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.10, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, and LinuxMint 20.1 # ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_to_Fedora_34_from_Fedora_33_–_Fedora_Version Update_–_Putorius⠀⇛ Now that Fedora 34 is released with all of it’s new goodies we will show you how to upgrade your system. This guide will show you how to upgrade your Fedora 33 (or earlier) system to the latest and greatest. We will be upgrading Fedora using the DNF package manager. Let’s get started. # ⚓ How_to_install_Netdata_on_Linux_such_as_Ubuntu_20.04_Server to_monitor_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛ Netdata is a free web-based real-time monitoring solution available to install on Linux servers to monitor their performance and resource consumption locally or remotely. It is very easy to set up, the latest version can be installed with just a command on all popular Linux systems including Ubuntu 20.04/18.04, CentOS 7/8, RHEL, OpenSUSE, Debian, Linux Mint and more… # ⚓ How_To_Set_A_Cron_Job_In_TrueNAS_(the_easy_way)⠀⇛ In this article we are going to create a new cron job in TrueNAS using the web interface. What is a “Cron Job”? It’s a time-based job scheduler in Unix-like computer operating systems. Users who set up and maintain software environments use cron to schedule jobs (commands or shell scripts) to run periodically at fixed times, dates, or intervals. So to create our first job we need to open the web panel go to your TruNAS IP address for example 192.168.0.7 and you will see the login dashboard (after you login… # ⚓ How_to_Install_Apache_Tomcat_9_with_Nginx_Proxy_on_Debian 10⠀⇛ Tomcat is a free, open-source and lightweight application server used to deploy Java-based applications. It can be used as a standalone server or combined with other servers like Apache and Nginx. It provides the extended functionality to interact with Java Servlets and also implements several technical specifications of the Java platform. Currently, Tomcat is one of the most widely used application servers for Java. # ⚓ How_to_Create_a_diff_of_two_files_and_patching_–_Linux Concept⠀⇛ Tomcat is a free, open-source and lightweight application server used to deploy Java-based applications. It can be used as a standalone server or combined with other servers like Apache and Nginx. It provides the extended functionality to interact with Java Servlets and also implements several technical specifications of the Java platform. Currently, Tomcat is one of the most widely used application servers for Java. # ⚓ How_To_Install_NetBeans_on_Manjaro_21_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install NetBeans on Manjaro 21. For those of you who didn’t know, NetBeans is a popular, open-source IDE written in Java. This is a cross-platform software and can run on any OS. NetBeans has become a part of the Apache project and gained much popularity. NetBeans also allows third-party developers to enhance its functionality such as supports other languages like PHP, C/C++, and HTML5. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the NetBeans on a Manjaro 21 (Ornara). # ⚓ Delete_a_user_account_from_Ubuntu_Desktop_or_Server_–_Linux Concept⠀⇛ If you no longer need a user account, it is good idea to delete that account. # ⚓ Creating_symbolic_links_in_Linux_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ If you ever heard that explanation, it is only partially correct, and they are present on a most modern OS. There are two kinds of symbolic links when thinking in terms of files: hard and soft: # ⚓ Creating_a_user_account_on_Ubuntu_desktop_or_server_–_Linux Concept⠀⇛ Suppose you have already installed the Ubuntu desktop or server. In that case, it means you have already created a default user on your system, even on the cloud also Ubuntu is installed with preconfigured default user account. You can do all administrative tasks using this user, but sometimes you need to create another user for your team member or something else. Here, In this ttorial, I’ll show you how to create a new user on Ubuntu Desktop or Server system. # ⚓ Creating_a_group_on_Ubuntu_Desktop_or_Server_–_Linux Concept⠀⇛ Group is a way to organize and administer user accounts in Linux. Groups are used to collectively assign rights and permissions to multiple user accounts. # ⚓ Write_Linux_bash/shell_script_to_Crawl_filesystem directories_and_printing_a_tree_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ We need an overview of the directory or system’s file structure to view all files in a single place to examine those files. Here, we will write a bash script to travel directory recursively and check all files and directories to print them in a tree structure on screen. We will use a recursive function and print tree to write a bash script to Crawling filesystem directories and printing a tree structure of files. # ⚓ Searching_for_files_by_name_and/or_extension_in_Linux Operating_System⠀⇛ When we have many files available for viewing, sometimes we need to find a file among many without using the GUI searching tools or provide a better set of granular filters to reduce returned results. # ⚓ Managing_file_permissions_in_Linux_Operating_System_–_Linux Concept⠀⇛ We have created users and groups. In this recipe, you will work with default file permissions for users and groups, as well as see how to modify those permissions. # ⚓ My_Top_10_Linux_Commands_I_Use_Every_Day_(_In_2021_)⠀⇛ This article will describe the 10 Linux commands I use in daily life. They are nothing special nor complicated. I have learned that the most simple things in life bring you the best joy so lets start with the least used of the ten commands. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Trine_4,_Hotline_Miami_2_and_Floor_Kids_for_Stadia_Pro_in May_and_more_updates⠀⇛ The next set of games coming to Stadia Pro has been announced with Trine 4, Hotline Miami 2 and Floor Kids plus April 30 is your last chance to grab some of them. Stadia’s team has confirmed that SteamWorld Heist, El Hijo, Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light, and Enter the Gungeon will be leaving Stadia Pro so April 30 is the last you have to claim them. After that you keep them as long as your Stadia Pro sub keeps up, everyone else will need to buy them in the Stadia store. # ⚓ Comedy_point_&_click_adventure_Lucy_Dreaming_is_up_on Kickstarter,_do_try_out_the_demo⠀⇛ Ready for another great pixel-art comedy point and click adventure? Lucy Dreaming, inspired by LucasArts classics is super promising and it’s now up on Kickstarter. You follow Lucy who has been having a recurring nightmare, as you try to unlock the secrets of controlling your dreams as you travel between worlds. With a heavy 90s gaming influence it, Tall Story Games are channelling their love for British comedy classics like Blackadder and Monty Python. [...] The demo is something of a prequel to the full game, so it won’t have any spoilers. # ⚓ Sweet_pixel-art_survival_game_Little_Martian_got_a_huge demo_upgrade⠀⇛ Love your exploration and survival games? Little Martian is back with another huge demo upgrade not long after the release of a Linux build. A game of exploration, resource gathering, crafting, base building and survival all blended together. You start off crash-landed on a previously explored planet, with a ship and robot pal both in ruins. Your ultimate goal is to acquire the resources need to repair your ship and escape. One of the challenges on the planet is the lack of oxygen, so you need to constantly refresh your supply. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva Family⠀➾ # ⚓ brave_browser_updated_to_1.23.73⠀⇛ The new Chrome based Brave browser automatically blocks ads and trackers, making it faster and safer than your current browser. # ⚓ google_chrome_updated_to_90.0.4430.93⠀⇛ The Google Chrome browser takes a sandboxing- based approach to Web security. Each open website runs as its own process, which helps prevent malicious code on one page from affecting others (or the computer operating system at large). # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ openSUSE_Leap_15.3_Enters_Release_Candidate_Phase⠀⇛ The openSUSE Project and its community, contributors and release engineers have entered the Release Candidate phase for the upcoming openSUSE Leap 15.3 version today after a snapshot was released, which transitions the release to a new phase. The RC signals the package freeze for software that will make it into the distribution, which is used on server, workstation, desktop and for virtualization and container use. openSUSE Leap offers a clear advantage for servers by providing at least 18 months of updates for each release. There is a projection as of April 2021 that Leap 15 will extend to Leap 15.5. Leap Major Release (15.x) extends maintenance and support until a successor. At present, a successor has not been declared; Leap 15’s lifecycle fully aligns with SUSE Linux Enterprise and uses the source code and Leap is built with the exact same binary packages.. Desktop environments for the release include KDE’s Long-Term-Support version of Plasma 5.18, GNOME 3.34 and Xfce 4.16. Packages for artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are available for data scientists who use the release. A list of some of the packages in openSUSE Leap 15.3 can be found on the Wiki. # ⚓ openSUSE_Leap_15.3_RC_Available_For_Testing_– Phoronix⠀⇛ The release candidate phase has begun for openSUSE’s upcoming Leap 15.3 Linux distribution release. OpenSUSE Leap 15.3 RC is available beginning today and marks the package freeze for this next community Linux distribution update that now is effectively identical to SUSE Enterprise Linux. openSUSE Leap is built from the same sources and same binary packages as SUSE Linux Enterprise. # § Slackware Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Venerable_Linux_distro_Slackware_comes_back_to_life⠀⇛ Being first doesn’t guarantee success in the technology industry. Remember the Netscape browser? Still, it can have its advantages, such as a different or unique approach to things. Such is the case with Slackware Linux. Slackware was the first formalized Linux distro, released in 1993, just two years after Linus Torvalds posted the Linux kernel. It was overtaken and overshadowed by Red Hat, SuSe, and Ubuntu, but it never went away. Now it’s coming out of the shadows with an upgrade. Slackware creator Patrick Volkerding recently posted a beta version of Slackware 15, the first update to the distro since version 14.2 in 2016. If you think that’s ancient, you should see their website. [...] Slackware 15 supports 32-bit and 64-bit x86 plus ARM architectures. It supports GNOME, KDE, and Xfce as desktop options and has Linux Kernel 5.10.x stable (LTS) and is available with Kernel 5.11 option as testing package. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_in_the_Car_Gets_Major_Boost_With_New_Red_Hat Announcement_–_autoevolution⠀⇛ Based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the new project launches in collaboration with exida, which will be in charge of delivering safety certifications. The operating system will receive continuous updates throughout its lifecycle, and Red Hat promises an upgraded platform ready for modern vehicles and covering all electronic systems within cars. # ⚓ Cloud_made_easy⠀⇛ Businesses across industries are embracing a hybrid cloud approach more than ever as they seek to digitally transform in the post- pandemic world. In fact, 64% of companies surveyed in an IBM Institute for Business Value study say they shifted to more cloud- based business activities during the pandemic. For developers who are charged with rapidly innovating and building applications that enable digital transformation, open source container platforms can help reduce vendor lock-in and make it easier for teams to move applications from one environment to another. But the reality for developers is that the most common architectures used today are riddled with complexities. This requires them to learn how to configure and manage new concepts, taking time that could otherwise be spent on coding applications. # ⚓ Red_Hat’s_Fedora_Project_Unveils_the_Latest_Version of_Fedora_Linux_34⠀⇛ The fully open-source Fedora operating system’s new version is now out, Red Hat reported. As a part of Red Hat’s community- driven open-source collaboration Fedora Project, the latest version offers a foundation for new use cases, further augments overall user experience and provides additional support for automated system recovery. # ⚓ Introducing_the_Fedora_i3_Spin⠀⇛ Fedora 34 features the brand new i3 Spin created by the Fedora i3 S.I.G. This new spin features the popular i3wm tiling window manager. This will appeal to both novices and advanced users who prefer not to use a mouse, touchpad, or other pointing device to interact with their environment. The Fedora i3 spin offers a complete experience with a minimalistic user interface and a lightweight environment. It is intended for the power user, as well as others. [...] The Fedora i3 S.I.G work is based on the design goals for the project. These goals determine what we decide to include and how we tune or customize the contents of the Fedora i3 Spin. The following is a list of the packages included. Others may be added from the Fedora Linux repository as required. Keep in mind that this is a minimalist spin. # ⚓ Recapping_day_one_of_Red_Hat_Summit_Virtual Experience_2021⠀⇛ The first day of the Red Hat Summit Virtual Experience is all wrapped up, and we couldn’t be happier with the turnout or the sessions. From the general session to Summit news to fun and games, it was a packed day. Actually, it was several packed days if you count the schedules for all regions. We like to think we have exciting news this year, but asking attendees to get up before dawn or stay up after midnight is a little much. To help everyone stay well-rested we hosted schedules for North America & LATAM, EMEA and APAC to try to provide workable schedules for Summit attendees all over the globe. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_“Impish_Indri”_Is_Slated_for_Release_on October_14th,_2021⠀⇛ Following the Ubuntu 21.04 (Hirsute Hippo) release, there will be Ubuntu 21.10, which has been dubbed by Canonical as the “Impish Indri”. They also published the release schedule, suggesting that the development on Ubuntu 21.10 will kick off on Thursday, April 29th, 2021, with the toolchain upload. Of course, the development will be based on the current release, in this case Ubuntu 21.04, and the release schedule also suggests that the Beta version will arrive for public testing on September 23rd, while the final release is slated for October 14th, 2021. # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_“Impish_Indri”_Development_Begins⠀⇛ Following last week’s release of Ubuntu 21.04 “Hirsute Hippo”, the Ubuntu 21.10 “Impish Indri” cycle has now begun. Ubuntu 21.10 is codenamed the Impish Indri. An Indri is a type of lemur and also known as the babakoto. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Sandwich-style_SBCs_extend_i.MX8M_and_i.MX8M_Mini⠀⇛ Forlinx’s sandwich-style OKMX8MM-C SBC and OKMX8MQ- C SBC run Linux on the i.MX8M Mini and i.MX8M Quad, respectively. Common features include GbE, mini- PCIe, MIPI-DSI/CSI, and extensive audio I/O. Baoding City, China based Forlinx manufactures a variety of Arm/Linux compute modules, which it often supports with carrier boards to create sandwich-style SBCs. The company does not announce its products, but the OKMX8MM-C SBC and OKMX8MQ- C SBC are showcased on the home page and appear to be relatively new # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ 19-inch_rackmounts_support_up_to_16_front-removable Raspberry_Pi_SBC’s⠀⇛ We previously covered Myelectronics’ 19-inch rackmount taking up to 12 Raspberry Pi boards. The solution is nice to keep a bunch of Raspberry Pi 4 in a small space and expose the HDMI ports as full HDMI ports. But what happens if you need to replace a Raspberry Pi board, or simply change the MicroSD card? Yes, you’d typically need to turn off all boards, remove the rack mount, replace the board/install the MicroSD card, and reconnect everything. That’s probably why the company has now launched two new 19-inch 2U and 3U rack mounts respectively supporting up to 16 front-removable Raspberry Pi (model B) single board computers. # ⚓ Jonathan_McDowell:_DeskPi_Pro_update⠀⇛ I wrote previously about my DeskPi Pro + 8GB Pi 4 setup. My main complaint at the time was the fact one of the forward facing USB ports broke off early on in my testing. For day to day use that hasn’t been a problem, but it did mar the whole experience. Last week I received an unexpected email telling me “The new updated PCB Board for your DeskPi order was shipped.”. Apparently this was due to problems with identifying SSDs and WiFi/HDMI issues. I wasn’t quite sure how much of the internals they’d be replacing, so I was pleasantly surprised when it turned out to be most of them; including the PCB with the broken USB port on my device. # ⚓ How_to_add_LoRaWAN_to_Raspberry_Pi_Pico⠀⇛ # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Ultimate_DEGOOGLED_ANDROID_ROM,_now_even BETTER!⠀⇛ I already talked about the /e/ Android ROM, a while ago, and while I really love this ultimate de-googled version of Android, there were also a few concerns about security, look and feel, how degoogled it all really is, and where the data is going. The /e/ project has also been updated quite a lot since my last video, so I think it’s time to take another look at /e/. # ⚓ Experiencing_the_/e/_OS:_The_Open_Source_De-Googled Android_Version⠀⇛ /e/ Android operating system is a privacy oriented, Google-free mobile operating system, fork of Lineage OS and was founded in mid-2018 by Gaël Duval, creator of Mandrake Linux (now Mandriva Linux). Despite making Android an open source project in 2007, Google replaced some OS elements with proprietary software when Android gained popularity. /e/ Foundation has replaced the proprietary apps and services with MicroG, an open source alternative framework which minimizes tracking and device activity. It’s FOSS received Fairphone 3 with /e/ OS preinstalled, an ethically created smartphone from the /e/ Foundation. I used the device for a month before returning it to them and I am going to share my experience with this privacy device. I forgot to take screenshots so I’ll be sharing the generic images from the official website. # ⚓ Galaxy_M01_is_getting_its_One_UI_3.1_Android_11 update_at_last_–_SamMobile⠀⇛ # ⚓ Realme_6_Pro_and_7_Pro_get_Android_11-based_Realme_UI 2.0_stable_update_–_GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_17_Best_Word_Games_on_Android_–_Droid_Gamers⠀⇛ # ⚓ Sony_Bravia_TVs_are_getting_Android_TV’s_new_Discover tab⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_expands_its_Android-based_earthquake_detection system_–_The_Verge⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_CHRONO_TRIGGER, more_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛ # ⚓ Nokia_Android_smartphone_update_tracker_updated_(27 April_2021)_|_Nokiamob⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12_Developer_Preview_3:_Hands-on_w/_more features_–_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Realme_X7_Pro_gets_Realme_UI_2.0_Open_beta_based_on Android_11_|_TechRadar⠀⇛ # ⚓ OPPO_is_recruiting_beta_testers_for_OPPO_A53_ColorOS 11_(Android_11)_update⠀⇛ # ⚓ Xiaomi_Mi_CC9_Meitu_Edition_gets_MIUI_12.5_update along_with_Android_11⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Lens_can_now_automatically_translate screenshots_on_Android_11+_devices_|_The_News_Minute⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_Android_11_update:_These_devices_have_One_UI 3.0_–_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_S21_Series_Update_Brings_Camera Improvements,_May_2021_Android_Security_Patch:_Report_| Technology_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ PARETO_Botnet_Hacked_Android_Phones_To_Generate_Fake Ad_Views⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_users_warned_of_‘DHL’_delivery_scam_that_can steal_your_bank_details_|_Messenger_Newspapers⠀⇛ # ⚓ Four_ways_to_celebrate_Freedom_Month_on_your_Android smartphone_|_Rising_Sun_Chatsworth⠀⇛ # ⚓ Top_9_Best_TV_Show_Tracking_Android_Apps_–_2021⠀⇛ # ⚓ Check_if_your_Sony_Android_TV_will_get_the_new_Google TV-inspired_UI⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_looks_to_drop_‘Hey_Google’_for_some_voice commands_on_phones_–_here’s_why_|_T3⠀⇛ # ⚓ Asus_Zenfone_8_won’t_have_this_cool_Android_phone feature_of_the_Zenfone_7_|_TechRadar⠀⇛ # ⚓ Telegram’s_Latest_Android_Update_Will_Bring_a_Variety of_New_Features_Which_Will_Go_Live_Once_Google_Play Reviews_It_/_Digital_Information_World⠀⇛ # ⚓ best_games_on_android:_Android_users,_here_are_some games_you_can_play_with_your_friends_and_family⠀⇛ # ⚓ Motorola_Edge_2_leaked_alongside_three_other_new Android_phones_|_TechRadar⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Seeking_a_new_browser⠀⇛ Well, it finally happened. After months of warning messages, the latest update to Pale Moon browser is incompatible with NoScript. So I think I need to switch browsers. NoScript is (was) a very powerful browser extension that blocks Javascript by default, advises what sites (including third-party sites) are attempting to run Javascript on your computer, and lets you selectively permit them. All with an easy user interface. I default to blocking Javascript, and permitting it only for sites that I trust (a whitelist). This is, first, a privacy and security measure. Second, there are many websites that have toxic or incompetent Javascript, which may not be hostile but can paralyze my computer. And third, this lets me bypass some access restrictions. # ⚓ Google,_IBM_and_Microsoft_shared_psychotic_episode_with bipolar_Molly_de_Blanc⠀⇛ de Blanc’s statement is an amazing revelation. She comments on the interaction of her bipolar and open source. In open source today, it is hard to separate the technology from the egos. Back in his youth, one of Britain’s royal princes would threaten to have fellow schoolchildren locked in the tower of London. Molly de Blanc’s open letter to the FSF appears to have similar grandiose delusions when she writes We are calling for the removal of the entire Board of the Free Software Foundation… It is time for RMS to step back from the free software, tech ethics, digital rights, and tech communities, for he cannot provide the leadership we need.. She is talking about locking RMS in the tower. Molly is not a developer, she never wrote one line of code. She was employed to work for the developers and now she is giving us orders. Imagine the same thing in an airline: the wife of the pilot shouting orders at the cabin crew. Molly de Blanc was girlfriend of the Debian Project Leader, Chris Lamb. Thanks to her illness, she is now acting like she is the Queen of England. As the medical experts tell us, this is all part of Molly’s condition so we are going to give her the benefit of the doubt. We forgive her. We ask everybody to forgive her and focus on those around her. [...] McGovern is not alone, the list published elsewhere shows thousands of employees of Google, IBM, Red Hat, Microsoft and even MIT came along for the ride too. Elana Hashman, the second highest in that ranking of cyberbullies, is a Red Hat / IBM employee. # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Nirbheek_Chauhan:_GStreamer_has_grown_a_WebRTC implementation⠀⇛ In other news, GStreamer is now almost buzzword-compliant! The next blog post on our list: blockchains and smart contracts in GStreamer. Late last year, we at Centricular announced a new implementation of WebRTC in GStreamer. Today we’re happy to announce that after community review, that work has been merged into GStreamer itself! The plugin is called webrtcbin, and the library is, naturally, called gstwebrtc. The implementation has all the basic features, is transparently compatible with other WebRTC stacks (particularly in browsers), and has been well-tested with both Firefox and Chrome. Some of the more advanced features such as FEC are already a work in progress, and others will be too—if you want them to be! Hop onto IRC on #gstreamer @ Freenode.net or join the mailing list. # ⚓ Will_Kahn-Greene:_Socorro_Overview:_2021, presentation⠀⇛ Socorro became part of the Data Org part of Mozilla back in August 2020. I had intended to give this presentation in October 2020 after I had given one on Tecken, but then the team I was on got re-orged and I never got around to redoing the presentation for a different group. # ⚓ Mozilla_Performance_Blog:_Performance_Sheriff Newsletter_(March_2021)⠀⇛ In March there were 288 alerts generated, resulting in 28 regression bugs being filed on average 4 days after the regressing change landed. Welcome to the March 2021 edition of the performance sheriffing newsletter. Here you’ll find the usual summary of our sheriffing efficiency metrics, followed by some analysis on the data footprint of our performance metrics. If you’re interested (and if you have access) you can view the full dashboard. # ⚓ Growing_the_Bytecode_Alliance⠀⇛ Today, Mozilla joins Fastly, Intel, and Microsoft in announcing the incorporation and expansion of the Bytecode Alliance, a cross-industry partnership to advance a vision for fast, secure, and simplified software development based on WebAssembly. Building software today means grappling with a set of vexing trade-offs. If you want to build something big, it’s not realistic to build each component from scratch. But relying on a complex supply chain of components from other parties allows a defect anywhere in that chain to compromise the security and stability of the entire program. Tools like containers can provide some degree of isolation, but they add substantial overhead and are impractical to use at per-supplier granularity. And all of these dynamics entrench the advantages of big companies with the resources to carefully manage and audit their supply chains. Mozilla helped create WebAssembly to allow the Web to grow beyond JavaScript and run more kinds of software at faster speeds. But as it matured, it became clear that WebAssembly’s technical properties — particularly memory isolation — also had the potential to transform software development beyond the browser by resolving the tension described above. Several other organizations shared this view, and we came together to launch the Bytecode Alliance as an informal industry partnership in late 2019. As part of this launch, we articulated our shared vision and called for others to join us in bringing it to life. # § FSF⠀➾ # ⚓ FSF_board_frequently_asked_questions_(FAQ)⠀⇛ As the Free Software Foundation (FSF) board sets about the work of strengthening the Foundation’s governance structure, here are answers to some frequently asked questions about this initiative. This document will be updated as needed, as this project moves forward in the weeks ahead. # § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ GNU_Dico_DICT_Dictionary_Server_2.11_Is Released⠀⇛ The DICT network protocol (dict://) was conceived in the 1990s when the Internet was relatively new and the “world wide web” was in it’s infancy. The idea was simple: Let’s create a protocol that allows clients to ask servers for a word and get a pure text response explaining what that word is all about. Sergey Poznyakoff begun creating the GNU Dico for the DICT protocol in September, 1998. The first public release was made available on November 3rd, 2001. The world decided that the more advanced and feature-rich Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http://) was a better idea and it become the dominant standard for dictionaries as well as everything else. There are those who refuse to accept the all-compassing Hypertext Transfer Protocol paradigm. Some have invented their own alternative called Gemini, a purely text-based protocol with TLS support and a really simple markup language. Others, like Sergey Poznyakoff, keep on maintaining server software for the good old DICT protocol. Sergey Poznyakoff has just announced a new releases of the GNU Dico dictionary server and the GNU Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE). The GCIDE dictionary is based on Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary with additions from WordNet. It is maintained by the GNU Project (mostly Sergey Poznyakoff) who adds corrections and add-ons to it. GCIDE 0.53 is, in the release-notes, described as one that… * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Over_80_House_Democrats_Urge_Biden_to_Lower_Medicare Eligibility_Age⠀⇛ # ⚓ Unions_Applaud_Biden_OSHA_for_Advancing_Covid_Safety Standard_to_Protect_Workers⠀⇛ “Strong enforceable standards that require employers to develop workplace Covid-19 safety plans,” said AFL-CIO president Richard Trumka, “are necessary for reducing infections and deaths, and beating this virus.” # ⚓ Democrats,_Sanders_Demand_Biden_Release_Secret_Covid Vaccine_Contracts_Inked_Under_Trump⠀⇛ “The Trump administration gave Big Pharma billions but refused to disclose full terms of these deals.” # ⚓ 175_Groups_Urge_Banks_Not_to_Fund_Massive_‘Cancer_Alley’ Chemical_Plant_in_Louisiana⠀⇛ “We want clean air, water, and soil. It is incumbent on any responsible corporation to listen to our community and cease all business relationships with Formosa Plastics Group.” # ⚓ The_More_Biden_Expands_ACA,_the_Harder_It_Will_Be_for_the Right_to_Cut_It⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Main_Obstacle_in_the_Fight_Against_COVID:_Inequality⠀⇛ Along with that success, however, 2020 brought a global economic fall of 3.4%, the deepest plunge after World War II. Latin America and the Caribbean suffered the harshest punishment, with negative growth reading 7.4%, leading to a 12% increase in poverty. Still, as the vaccination process started up at the end of 2020, the new year brought hope for eradicating the pandemic. But that hope quickly gave way to the harsh reality of inequality and the resulting lack of access to the vaccine. Only five countries have had success with their vaccination programs: the United Arab Emirates (with 88% of the population vaccinated), Israel (61%), the United Kingdom (46.5%), Chile (36.7%) and the United States (32.1%). o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Scala_Enterprise_version_12.50_features_enhanced workgroup_management,_additions_to_the_Linux_player engine,_including_player_snapshot_capabilities_and support_for_Scala_Media_Player_DX_and_Q_players.⠀⇛ # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Openwashing⠀➾ # ⚓ Amazon_announces_it’s_open_sourcing DeepRacer_device_software⠀⇛ # ⚓ Amazon_Open_Sources_AWS_DeepRacer Software⠀⇛ Amazon is open sourcing the software behind its AWS DeepRacer miniature car. At its core, reports Ron Miller at TechCrunch, “the DeepRacer car is a mini computer running Ubuntu Linux and Robot Operating System (ROS), both open source components.” # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ “Full_disclosure”_from_the University_of_Minnesota⠀⇛ The researchers at the University of Minnesota have posted a description of the work they did [PDF] as part of their “hypocrite commits” project. It includes a list of the buggy commits they posted and how they were handled. # ⚓ UMN_security_researchers_apologize to_the_Linux_community⠀⇛ The University of Minnesota’s Computer Science and Engineering Department security researchers are facing intense scrutiny from the Linux community for intentionally trying to insert bugs into Linux patches. The buggy patches were a part of the research paper On the Feasibility of Stealthily Introducing Vulnerabilities in Open Source Software via Hypocrite Commits. The paper stated: “As proof of concept, we take the Linux kernel as target OSS and safely demonstrate that it is practical for a malicious committer to introduce use-after-free bugs. Furthermore, we systematically measure and characterize the capabilities and opportunities of a malicious committee. At last, to improve the security of OSS, we propose mitigations against hypocrite commits, such as updating the code of conduct for OSS and developing tools for patch testing and verification.” However, the experiment did not go over as planned and was not well received from the community. Linux kernel maintainer Greg Kroah- Hartman tweeted that: “Linux kernel developers do not like being experimented on, we have enough real work to do.” # ⚓ Open_Source_Summit_+_Embedded_Linux Conference_2021_Moved_from_Dublin_to Seattle,_September_27-30⠀⇛ Open Source + Embedded Linux Conference 2021 has been moved from Dublin, Ireland to Seattle, Washington, USA, due to the current state of COVID-19 vaccination rates in Europe and upon review of past attendee survey results regarding where and when they would feel comfortable traveling this year. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Defend_Dissent_with_Tor⠀⇛ After 4 years of giving digital security trainings to activists and teaching a course called “Communications Security and Social Movements”, I’ve compiled all my materials into an open, digital book – Defend Dissent: Digital Suppression and Cryptographic Defense of Social Movements hosted by Oregon State University where I am an Associate Professor. The book is intended for an introductory, non-major college audience, and I hope it will find use outside the university setting. # ⚓ Google_Ignores_Android_Contact_Tracing App_Privacy_Flaw⠀⇛ When the world became paralyzed during the COVID-19 pandemic more than a year ago, the tech world jumped up to help. Google and Apple each developed contact tracing apps meant to alert you to possible COVID-19 contact, promising privacy. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Toxic_Legacy_of_the_US_Military_in_the_Pacific⠀⇛ In 1962, US commanders ordered a Marine named Don Heathcote to spray chemicals in the Okinawan jungle near his base as part of a series of biological warfare tests secretly carried out by the Pentagon during the Cold War. # ⚓ The_CIA’s_Chinese_Walls⠀⇛ It is not in dispute that the CIA is in possession of Julian Assange’s legal and medical files seized from the Ecuadorean Embassy, including correspondence and drafting by his lawyers on his defence against extradition to the USA on Espionage charges. The defence submitted evidence of this in court. After Julian was arrested in the Ecuadorean Embassy and removed, all of his personal possessions were illegally seized by the Ecuadorean authorities, including his files and his IT equipment. These were then shipped back to Ecuador by diplomatic bag. There, they were handed over to the CIA. # ⚓ Big_Corporations_Strike_Racial_Justice_Pose_While Continuing_to_Fund_Police⠀⇛ # ⚓ Rev._William_Barber_Condemns_Police_“Execution”_of_Andrew Brown⠀⇛ # ⚓ International_Rights_Experts_Condemn_US_Police_Killings_as ‘Crimes_Against_Humanity’⠀⇛ “The world is not only watching, it’s judging.” # ⚓ Scathing_Human_Rights_Watch_Report_Says_Israel_Guilty_of Apartheid⠀⇛ The prominent watchdog group’s new analysis finds the oppression of Palestinians has reached a “threshold.” # ⚓ Ecuador’s_Election:_US_Secures_Another_Neoliberal_Champion Without_Intervening_(Overtly)⠀⇛ The U.S. role in the defeat of leftist Andrés Arauz in Ecuador’s presidential contest on April 11 was not overt because it did not need to be, according to a high-ranking Latin American diplomat. We met with the diplomat and others on an official election observation delegation with CODEPINK. Names of some sources remain anonymous due to a hostile political environment towards progressives. # ⚓ Beatings_and_Indignity:_the_Plight_of_an_Afghan_Refugee⠀⇛ The psychological and educational toll of living as a refugee child is a blight on young lives. With education services often overstretched even in refugee camps where agencies have easy access, teaching the young is vital activist work for many asylum seekers who despite their own tough circumstances, seek to better those of others, particularly the young. Ali is a well-educated Afghani who has negotiated a perilous path to Europe alongside his wife. In this first interview, he spoke to Ahmad Soheil Ahmadi about the terrible conditions of his journey. # ⚓ The_Politicization_of_Intelligence,_Revisited⠀⇛ The reverse can also be true, however.  The military and intelligence communities are fully capable of pressuring presidential administrations with the use of worst-case or slanted intelligence.  The Biden administration is currently facing such pressure from director of national intelligence Avril Haines and CIA director William Burns as well as from senior general officers.  The critics of U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the mainstream media, particularly in the Washington Post, as well as in the Congress, such as  Senator James Inhofe (R-OK), have made good use of these high-level comments to oppose the withdrawal. The head of the U.S. Central Command, General Kenneth Mckenzie Jr., said last week that it would be “extremely difficult” for the United States to watch and counter terrorist threats in Afghanistan—such as al Qaeda—when U.S. forces leave the country.  In their international threat assessments to the Congress, Haines and Burns similarly warned that the capabilities against terrorism in Southwest Asia will be weakened by the U.S. withdrawal.  Other military and intelligence officials have warned that the U.S. departure could undermine peace talks with the Taliban and increase the odds of intensified civil conflict.  These warnings ignore the fact that the United States has had one foot out the door ever since the peace talks began, that the prospect of successful talks with the Taliban was negligible, and that Afghanistan has been in a state of civil conflict since the coup against the king nearly fifty years ago. # ⚓ Dare_to_Make_Peace_with_Iran⠀⇛ There are abundant historical examples to prove that dehumanizing the enemy is an effective weapon in creating antagonism between countries as a prelude to war. Although the Holocaust and the Rwandan genocide are extreme cases of enemy dehumanization, a similar process is happening now in the case of Iran. Just as the U.S. has demonized Iranian leaders, they also have described their enemies in painfully demeaning ways. Given Iran’s geopolitical importance, what is at stake now is the need to avoid a confrontation that can easily lead to a wider conflict in the region with unpredictable consequences for world peace. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Appeals_Court_Says_Former_Trump_Advisor_Can’t_Sue_Over Reporting_Based_On_Court_Documents⠀⇛ You can be angry about things said about you in court filings. But you really can’t sue about them. Reporting based on court documents is almost (!) always protected by the First Amendment. After all, those making the statements in court are swearing what they’re saying is true. Those reporting on sworn statements have no reason to believe otherwise, even if it’s eventually revealed the assertions were false. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ No,_Biden’s_Not_Banning_Burgers_—_But_Meat_Is_a_Real Climate_Problem⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_America_Needs_a_21st-Century_Civilian_Climate Corps⠀⇛ America needs to get back to work, and we can do that while confronting the intersecting crises of the coronavirus pandemic, racial injustice, economic inequality, and climate change. # ⚓ Wall_Street_Titans_Rebuked_for_Backing_‘Climate Destruction’_of_Wells_Fargo⠀⇛ “Today, BlackRock and Vanguard faced a major test on climate, and they failed.” o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ What_Next_for_Amazon_Workers?⠀⇛ A defeat is a defeat, but the failure of the Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store Union to win a certification election at Amazon’s Bessemer, Ala., warehouse last month seems far more a confirmation of that giant corporation’s overweening power than a referendum on the willingness of its employees to organize for collective action. # ⚓ Biden_to_Sign_Executive_Order_Raising_Federal_Workers’ Wages_to_$15_an_Hour⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_When_It_Comes_To_Free-Market_Capitalism,_Fans Draw_the_Line_at_Football⠀⇛ Last week, Europeans showed the red card to the moguls—and their financiers—who tried to form a Super League of the continent’s top 15 football clubs. Now that Europeans discovered their moral Rubicon, the time may have come for a broader rethink of who owns what. # ⚓ Biden_Seeks_Funds_for_IRS_Crackdown_on_Corporate_Tax Evaders⠀⇛ # ⚓ ‘Good_First_Step’:_Warren_Welcomes_Biden’s_IRS_Boost_to Target_Rich_Tax_Cheats⠀⇛ “The IRS should have more resources to do its job and make the wealthy pay their fair share.” # ⚓ Biden_Order_Will_Raise_Minimum_Wage_for_Federal_Contract Workers_to_$15_an_Hour⠀⇛ Economists have estimated that hiking the wage floor to $15 for federal contract workers would result in direct raises for at least 240,000 low- wage employees. # ⚓ How_the_Federal_Reserve_Is_Increasing_Wealth_Inequality⠀⇛ Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic struck, the Federal Reserve has gotten plenty of kudos for moves that have helped stabilize the economy, kept house prices from tanking and supported the stock market. But those successes have obscured another effect: the inadvertent impact the Fed’s ultra-low interest rates and bond-buying sprees are having on economic inequality. Longstanding inequality in the U.S. has been exacerbated by the Fed’s role in touching off a multi-trillion-dollar boom in stock markets — and stock ownership is heavily skewed toward the wealthiest Americans. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Biden’s_Speech_Will_Come_With_Rare_Response_From_Fellow Democrat_Jamaal_Bowman⠀⇛ # ⚓ Trump-Disrupted_Census_Hurts_Marginalized_Communities_and Hands_New_Power_to_GOP⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Putting_Liberal_Democracy_First_Has_Never_Been More_Important⠀⇛ It is hard to see how our current injustices can be repaired without working through and then “democratizing” these liberal democratic institutions. # ⚓ ‘A_Phenomenal,_Bold,_Progressive_Candidate’:_Pramila Jayapal_Endorses_Nina_Turner_for_Congress⠀⇛ The chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus said Turner is running on “the exact progressive platform that we believe is necessary.” # ⚓ AOC_and_the_Making_of_Millennial_Politics⠀⇛ While running for Congress in 2018, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez was fond of saying “Women like me aren’t supposed to run for office.” It was the sounding note of her two-minute, campaign-defining ad, produced for $10,000 by democratic socialists in Detroit. By “a woman like me,” Ocasio-Cortez meant something specific: a woman born to the working class, in a place (the Bronx) where “your ZIP code determined your destiny,” a woman who had waited tables and tended bar, endured the gendered indignities of low-wage service work, and whose family was plunged into precarity by her father’s death. The work of governing the nation supposedly called for other credentials—often wealth, connections, and Ivy League degrees. As Brecht once wrote, “Those who lead the country into the abyss / Call ruling too difficult / For ordinary men.” # ⚓ The_Confounding_Fathers⠀⇛ Support independent cartooning: join Sparky’s List—and don’t forget to visit TT’s Emporium of Fun, featuring the new book and plush Sparky! # ⚓ Will_the_Biden_Administration_Get_Bolder_on_Improving Abortion_Access?⠀⇛ The Biden administration’s announcement this month that it would allow mifepristone to be sent by mail revolutionized access to abortion—in about half the country. Elsewhere, state laws requiring patients to meet with a provider in person preempt the new policy, underscoring just how much a person’s options depend on where they live. # ⚓ After_Being_Cut_Off_by_GOP_Senator,_Stacey_Abrams_Releases 6-Minute_Rundown_of_Georgia’s_Attack_on_Voting⠀⇛ “In Fulton County, our largest county and one that is predominantly African American, the number of drop boxes will be reduced from 38 to eight.” # ⚓ Poll_Shows_People_of_the_World_Think_US_Significantly_Less Awful_Now_That_Trump_Is_Gone⠀⇛ According to the latest surveys of adults in 14 other nations, favorable views of the U.S. have increased by an average of nine points since Biden’s inauguration. # ⚓ ‘Letting_the_Terrorists_Win’?_Manchin_Suggests_Pro- Democracy_Reform_Would_Spark_Another_Insurrection⠀⇛ Progressives blasted the West Virginia Democrat’s proposal that passing the For the People Act would lead to “anarchy” like the January 6 attack. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Groups_Worry_New_Text_Message_Spam_Filters_Aren’t_Being Built_Transparently,_Could_Harm_Legit_Outreach_Efforts⠀⇛ As we noted recently, the wireless industry has been developing a new “trust score” to determine who is or isn’t worthy of being able to send text message spam. The system is being contemplated after the 2020 election saw no shortage of text messaging spam that wireless subscribers found it difficult — if not impossible — to properly opt out of. The problem: a growing roster of groups are worried about the transparency of the process, noting that the Milan-based company (Kaleyra) running this new “Campaign Registry” hasn’t been forthcoming or consistent when it comes to details of the system, launching in June. # ⚓ Senator_Bill_Hagerty_Believes_Compelled_Speech_Is ‘Liberty’;_And_Anyone_Upset_With_Moderation_Choices_Should_Be Able_To_Sue⠀⇛ Senator Bill Hagerty was just elected out of Tennessee to take over Lamar Alexander’s old seat, and he’s kicking off his tenure with a bang… of not just unconstitutional madness, but anti- Constitutional madness. And this from a guy who presents himself as a Constitutional originalist. But, of course, when it comes to nurturing culture wars, today’s GOP apparently believes that they can throw the Constitution out the window… as long as they (1) claim they’re owning the libs, and (2) pretend that they’re tearing up the Constitution to save the Constitution. # ⚓ James_O’Keefe_Sues_Twitter_For_Defamation…_For_Shutting Down_His_Account⠀⇛ You may have heard recently that James O’Keefe, the guy behind “Project Veritas” — a propaganda outlet whose brand of highly edited, surreptitiously recorded videos are often followed by actual media having to come in and debunk the misleading bits — had his Twitter account shut down recently. He immediately threatened to sue Twitter, and last week he actually did so. o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Reporting_from_Around_the_World,_Reese_Erlich_Was a_Beacon_of_Independent_Journalism⠀⇛ The longtime war correspondent, who died earlier this month, embodied the honesty and deep humanity that makes for the very best journalists. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ No_More_Police_Killings_of_Children!⠀⇛ No More Police Killings of Children! # ⚓ Opinion_|_Tucker_Carlson’s_Racism:_Paid_for_by_You⠀⇛ Carlson’s enormous paycheck comes out of the pockets of millions of people who never watch his show or anything else on Fox. # ⚓ With_300,000_Deported_in_First_100_Days,_Rights_Group_Warns Biden_‘Well_on_Track_to_Repeat’_Obama_Failures⠀⇛ “He must make a choice: repeat the mistakes of the Obama administration or do everything in his power to end the cruelty of detentions, expulsions, and deportations.” # ⚓ Demand_for_Release_of_Full_Tape_Grows_as_FBI_Opens_Probe Into_Police_Killing_of_Andrew_Brown_Jr.⠀⇛ “They waited 120 hours to get 20 seconds,” said Rev. Dr. William J. Barber II. “That is ridiculous.”  o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ What_Is_CDA_Section_230_and_Why_You_Should_Know_About_It⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Tech_needed_to_halt_climate_change_still underdeveloped [Ed: Deutsche Welle has been reduced to mouthpiece of corrupt EPO management, greenwashing an institution that should be on trial form serious crimes. Did DW too take bribes from the EPO or is this RP voluntary?]⠀⇛ Global climate targets can only be reached with a major acceleration in clean-energy innovation, as many of the technologies required to bring down CO2 emissions are currently only at the prototype or demonstration phase. This is the conclusion of a joint report released Tuesday from the European Patent Office (EPO) and the International Energy Agency (IEA). “Around half the emissions reductions to get to net zero by 2050 may need to come from technologies that are not yet on the market,” said IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol in a press release. # ⚓ In_the_age_of_AI:_UK_publishes_the_results_of_its call_for_views [Ed: Managing Intellectual Property now publishing ads for a firm of thugs, Bird and Bird, in the form of 'articles'. This isn't journalism; this firm is also notorious for its self-serving lies.]⠀⇛ It is a busy time at the moment for IP offices and other institutions, as they consider and consult on the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) on IP. In March 2021, the UK published the results of its call for views, and from this, it has developed a list of priorities that it will take forward. # ⚓ Seattle_City_Council_Calls_on_Biden_to_Support Vaccine_Patent_Waiver⠀⇛ # ⚓ Urging_Biden_to_‘Put_Human_Lives_Before_Billionaire Profit,’_Seattle_City_Council_Backs_Vaccine_Patent Waiver⠀⇛ “This resolution demonstrates our movement’s rejection of the status quo of profit-driven vaccine apartheid and vaccine nationalism, and our fight for vaccine internationalism.” ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3430 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 04.28.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_28/4/2021:_Red_Hat_Summit_Fluff,_Microsoft_Shares_Down_on_Results,_GNU Guile_3.0.6_is_Out⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 5:58 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ HP_EliteDesk_800_G2_Mini_Desktop_PC_–_Hardware_Acceleration in_Firefox_–_Week_4⠀⇛ This is a weekly blog looking at the HP EliteDesk 800 G2 Mini Desktop PC running Linux. This week’s blog looks at configuring the HP EliteDesk 800 G2 to use hardware acceleration when watching videos in Firefox. Hardware video acceleration lets the GPU decode/encode video, offloading the CPU and saving power. Linux distributions, by default, don’t enable hardware acceleration because it can cause issues on specific hardware. This machine was made available by Bargain Hardware. Bargain Hardware retails refurbished servers, workstations, PCs, and laptops to consumers and businesses worldwide. All systems are completely customisable on their website along with a vast offering of clean-pulled, tested components and enterprise replacement parts. They supply machines with a choice of Linux distros: Ubuntu, Debian, and Fedora. o § Linux Magazine⠀➾ # ⚓ On_the_DVD:_Knoppix_9.1_and_Zorin_OS_15.3_Core⠀⇛ # ⚓ Setting_up_a_dgamelaunch_game_server⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_sys_admin’s_daily_grind:_Zint⠀⇛ # ⚓ Competing_software_installers⠀⇛ # ⚓ New_Linux_distro_for_high_school_education⠀⇛ # ⚓ Zack’s_Kernel_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Evolution_of_a_Passion_Project⠀⇛ # ⚓ Secure_communication_over_the_unreliable_UDP_transport_with DTLS⠀⇛ # ⚓ Improving_Linux_package_management⠀⇛ # ⚓ Access_Raspberry_Pi_GPIO_with_ARM64_assembly⠀⇛ # ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_OS_now_comes_with_PulseAudio_and_a_graphical printer_manager⠀⇛ # ⚓ Write_screenplays_with_Kit_Scenarist⠀⇛ # ⚓ Apple_M1_Hardware_Support_To_Be_Merged_into_Linux_Kernel 5.13⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_Voice_Introduction⠀⇛ # ⚓ FOSSPicks:_This_month_Graham_looks_at_SonoBus,_NewsFlash, Kinto.sh,_RetroShare,_Emilia_Pinball,_and_much_more!⠀⇛ # ⚓ Working_with_the_JSON_data_format⠀⇛ # ⚓ Create_GUI_dialogs_in_one_line_of_code⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Long_Life_of_Open_Source_Code⠀⇛ # ⚓ Quantum_computers_and_the_quest_for_quantum-resilient encryption⠀⇛ # ⚓ Go_library_shows_filesystem_changes_across_platforms⠀⇛ # ⚓ News_Flash:_COBOL_Rises_from_Its_Own_Non-Ashes⠀⇛ # ⚓ Markdown-based_knowledge_base⠀⇛ o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ 5_Linux_Command_Line_Based_Tools_for_Downloading_Files_and Browsing_Websites⠀⇛ Linux command-line, the most adventurous and fascinating part of GNU/Linux is a very cool and powerful tool. A command-line itself is very productive and the availability of various inbuilt and third-party command-line applications makes Linux robust and powerful. The Linux Shell supports a variety of web applications of various kinds be it torrent downloader, dedicated downloader, or internet surfing. Here we are presenting 5 great command line Internet tools, which are very useful and prove to be very handy in downloading files in Linux. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Use_Libreoffice_Calc_to_make_3D_models⠀⇛ Today I will share with you a simple python script turning a 2D picture defined by numbers and colors in a spreadsheet into a 3D model in OpenSCAD. # ⚓ Signal_Is_Wrecking_Your_Images_and_Videos⠀⇛ Today I sent a picture I’d taken of Tutu with my Sony A7R4 camera via Signal. I’d loaded the raw in Lightroom, done some of the usual silly traditional photographery things one does to portraits in post- production, and exported it using one of my export presets, which limits the long edge resolution to a maximum of 4000 pixels and the overall total file size to a maximum of 25MB (along with slapping my email address on the bottom corner because we still haven’t figured out how to reliably attach metadata to bitmaps across multiple generations/edits). I think in 2021, 25MB or so is probably the upper “reasonable” limit of file size for passing around a single compressed image. In this case, the exported JPEG file was only 3.9MB, quite a bit below that. Signal took that 4000×2667 JPEG image comprising precisely 3,916,886 bytes, encrypted it, and transmitted it to my friend. She received a different 4000×2667 JPEG image comprising 784,524 bytes: 80% smaller. Signal threw away 80% of the data in my already- compressed image. (The original image, not the export, was 9504×6336 and 67,358,106 bytes.) I had already compressed it once by eliminating 94% of the data from when it came out of my camera. # ⚓ Here’s_What_‘All_Things_Considered’_Sounds_Like_—_In Blackbird_Song⠀⇛ And listening to that song, she perceived an inflection somewhat like human speech. RAISANEN: I think it kind of had a sort of sentence structure in its song. KELLY: As a signal-processing geek, she thought, why not write some computer code to transform speech into birdsong? # ⚓ The_question_of_how_to_do_non-annoying_multi-factor authentication_for_SSH⠀⇛ Suppose, hypothetically, that you have access to a general multi-factor authentication (MFA) system such as Duo (with the choice of MFA system not being under your control), and that you would like to use this for secure SSH logins to your collection of (Ubuntu) servers. This is generally easy by itself, with pretty much any MFA system having a PAM module that adds a second factor challenge to your regular SSH authentication. Unfortunately the result of a straightforward MFA integration with SSH logins is going to be quite annoying for some people to use, because every time they log in to any machine they will have to pass an MFA challenge as well as their regular login authentication. If you only log in to a few machines every so often, this is okay. If you’re frequently logging in and out of multiple machines, you’re going to be irritated. # ⚓ How_To_Install_DirectAdmin_on_AlmaLinux_8_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install DirectAdmin on AlmaLinux 8. For those of you who didn’t know, DirectAdmin is an alternative control panel to cPanel/WHM, providing a graphical interface and automation tools to simplify server and account management. Features include E-mail, FTP, DNS and web management, Statistics, Apache configuration, User and reseller management, and more. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the DirectAdmin on an AlmaLinux 8. You can follow the same instructions for RHEL and CentOS system. # ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_Ubuntu_20.04_/_20.10_to_Ubuntu_21.04⠀⇛ On April 22, 2021, Canonical released Ubuntu 21.04, codenamed ‘Hirsuite Hippo’. Ubuntu 21.04 ships with new features targeted at developers and innovators. These include Flutter application development SDK and Microsoft SQL Server for Ubuntu. Additionally, The latest release includes native Active Directory integration and Wayland graphics by default. Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa) is an LTS release and will continue receiving support until April 2025. On the other hand, Ubuntu 20.10 (Groovy Gorilla) is a non-LTS release and reaches EOL (End of Life) in July 2021. Ubuntu 21.04 is also a non-LTS release and will enjoy support for only 9 months from the date of release. In this tutorial, we show you how to upgrade Ubuntu 20.04 and Ubuntu 20.10 to Ubuntu 21.04 (Hirsuite Hippo). # ⚓ How_to_install_vim_editor_on_Debian_10⠀⇛ Vim is a short form of Vi IMproved. It is an open- source and free tool with a command-line interface and a Graphical User Interface. This article will show you how to install vim editor on Debian version 10 using the terminal. To get started, you need to open up a terminal with root privileges and update your repositories. Run the following command. # ⚓ Scheduling_a_Task_on_Linux_Using_Crontab⠀⇛ Cron helps us to run tasks automatically in the background in defined intervals. Cron is e.g. used to automatically create backups every night to sync files e.g. once an hour or to start updates or download files at specific intervals. This tutorial will show you how to set up and edit cronjobs using the crontab command and the GUI tool Gnome Schedule. # ⚓ Check_Dependencies_of_a_Package_in_Ubuntu_20.04_and_Debian 10⠀⇛ We know that most of the packages we install on our Linux operating system cannot work properly without other prerequisite packages installed. Such prerequisite packages are called dependencies. Sometimes you want to find out the dependencies of a particular package. So today I will show you three ways to check and list the dependencies of a package in Debian 10 and Ubuntu 20.04. # ⚓ How_to_create_your_first_Quarkus_application_| Opensource.com⠀⇛ Programming languages and frameworks continuously evolve to help developers who want to develop and deploy applications with even faster speeds, better performance, and lower footprint. Engineers push themselves to develop the “next big thing” to satisfy developers’ demands for faster deployments. Quarkus is the latest addition to the Java world and considered the rising star for Kubernetes- native Java. It came into the picture in 2019 to optimize Java and commonly used open source frameworks for cloud-native environments. With the Quarkus framework, you can easily go serverless with Java. This article explains why this open source framework is grabbing lots of attention these days and how to create your first Quarkus app. # ⚓ How_to_automate_Podman_installation_and_deployment_using Ansible_|_Enable_Sysadmin⠀⇛ Ansible is an open source IT automation engine used to automate application organization, framework computerization, cloud provisioning, and numerous IT administration tasks. Ansible improves the adaptability, consistency, and dependability of the IT climate. Podman is an open source containerization platform that packages all the dependencies for building, shipping, and running applications as Podman containers. Using container virtualization technology ensures that an application works seamlessly in any environment. Podman CLI can implement almost all the commands from the Docker CLI. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Latest_LibreOffice_in_Ubuntu_Desktop⠀⇛ LibreOffice is the most powerful, free, and open- source office productivity software suite, which is used by millions of users across the world due to its clean and easy-to-use interface with feature- packed tools that assist you to unleash your creativity and increase your productiveness. LibreOffice suite includes various applications and is available in over 100 languages and dialects which makes it the most adaptable office suite on the market. It includes programs for Writer (word processing), Calc (creating and editing spreadsheets), Impress (presentations, slideshows, diagrams, and drawings), Draw (vector graphics and flowcharts), Base (working with databases), and Math (composing mathematical formulae). # ⚓ 5_ways_to_process_JSON_data_in_Ansible_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ If the data is unstructured, you must do some custom regex magic to retrieve key performance indicators (KPIs) relevant for specific scenarios. If the data is structured, you can leverage a wide array of options to make parsing it simpler and more consistent. Structured data conforms to a data model, which allows access to each data field separately. The data for these models is exchanged as key/value pairs and encoded using different formats. JSON, which is widely used in Ansible, is one of them. There are many resources available in Ansible to work with JSON data, and this article presents five of them. While all these resources are used together in sequence in the examples, it is probably sufficient to use just one or two in most real-life scenarios. # ⚓ Optimize_MySQL_Performance_with_Mysqltuner⠀⇛ This short tutorial describes the steps to optimize the performance of a MySQL database with the mysqltuner script. This tool can be used for MySQL and MariaDB. # ⚓ Share_files_between_Linux_and_Windows_computers_| Opensource.com⠀⇛ If you work with different operating systems, it’s handy to be able to share files between them. This article explains how to set up file access between Linux (Fedora 33) and Windows 10 using Samba and mount.cifs. Samba is the Linux implementation of the SMB/CIFS protocol, allowing direct access to shared folders and printers over a network. Mount.cifs is part of the Samba suite and allows you to mount the CIFS filesystem under Linux. # ⚓ Junichi_Uekawa:_Swapping_caps_and_control_in_X11.⠀⇛ o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Galago_Pro:_The_Lightweight_Powerhouse_from_System76⠀⇛ The Galago Pro — initially released in 2017 — is a lightweight laptop that can comfortably sit inside your backpack while traveling, yet still is able to do fairly serious gaming with a GTX 1650 graphics card. My particular model is the 5th generation, with Intel’s Tiger Lake processor, a GTX 1650 graphics card, and a 14″, 1080p display. [...] The Galago Pro ships with System76’s open-source firmware. As for OS support, customers can either use Pop!_OS or Ubuntu. The closest laptop I can compare this with is the Dell XPS 13. The XPS is currently priced at $1,399 with 512 GB NMVe, 16 GB RAM, and a i7-1185G7. The Galago Pro comes to $1,174 with 500 GB NMVe, the same amount of RAM, and a i5-1135G7. While performance may not be as well, you’re saving over $200 with the Galago Pro, plus the screen is slightly larger, as well as having the benefit of open-source firmware and hybrid graphics, the latter of which I will get into later on. # ⚓ Seems_like_game_store_GOG_is_doing_well_overall_in_their new_figures_with_revenue_up_114%⠀⇛ Taking a leaf out of Steam’s book here perhaps on sharing a little more, GOG have for the first time ever, given an overview of how the store is doing and it’s looking good. What they’ve shown is for the year ending 2020 and compares against the previous year. [...] Hopefully they will eventually port over GOG Galaxy to Linux, as it’s the big missing piece of the pie for Linux users although plenty still purchase their Linux games from GOG (and we can see that as a GOG partner). # ⚓ Portal_Stories:_Mel_lands_Vulkan_support_with_DXVK_in_the latest_stable_update⠀⇛ After a short Beta period that saw a few issues, the team behind Portal Stories: Mel have now release the latest stable build which includes Vulkan support for Linux. # ⚓ VKD3D-Proton_2.3.1_rolls_out_along_with_a_quick-fix_to Proton_Experimental⠀⇛ Valve contractors and CodeWeavers continue tweaking VKD3D-Proton for Direct3D 12 over Vulkan with another fresh update out now, and a small update to add it into Proton Experimental. Note: if you wish to learn more about Steam Play, Proton and more do check out our dedicated area. o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ My_First_Week_with_Haiku⠀⇛ But I had often heard about Haiku: The experimental successor to BeOS, an operating system that tech- guy-and-tv-host Leo Laporte used to show off on ZDTV in the 90s. Why, it could run TWO movies at once! And this was when even running one movie without a spectacular crash was an exceptional achievement for any computer! Even Windows 95 couldn’t do that! That blew my pre-teen mind. I was stunned to see Haiku install and boot faster than any *Nix or Windows systems could dream of. Pleasantly, it was also Posix compliant, too, meaning if I needed a quick fix for something then the command line was there waiting to help me out. It was ready to get things done. # § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ Gemini_Capsule_in_a_FreeBSD_Jail⠀⇛ With the recent release of FreeBSD 13, I wanted to test it out on a spare RaspberryPi 3 that was part of my old Kubernetes cluster. In particular, FreeBSD Jails have always interested me, although I’ve never used them in practice. Over the years I’ve managed operating system virtualization through Solaris Zones and Docker containers, and Jails seem like and good middle ground between the two – easier to manage than zones and closer to the OS than Docker. I also want to run my own Gemini capsule locally to use some of the features that my other hosted capsules don’t have (like SCGI/ CGI) and setting up a capsule in a Jail is a good way to learn both at the same time. # ⚓ FreeBSD_13_on_a_12_year_old_laptop⠀⇛ My old (2009) HP laptop now runs FreeBSD 13.0-RELEASE. I didn’t do an upgrade, but I did a fresh install. The reason for this was that I now wanted to encrypt the hard disk. The previous install was on an unencrypted ZFS file system. I did choose again for ZFS, but this time encrypted. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ Fedora_34_Desktop_Flavors_Bring_Latest_Upgrades. What’s_New_and_Download_Details.⠀⇛ Fedora 34 desktop spins are here. With the release of the core Fedora 34 operating system, the official desktop flavors are also available for download. We take a look at what’s new in this guide while giving you a sneak peek of the major desktops. # ⚓ Fedora_Magazine:_How_to_rebase_to_Fedora_34_on Silverblue⠀⇛ Silverblue is an operating system for your desktop built on Fedora. It’s excellent for daily use, development, and container-based workflows. It offers numerous advantages such as being able to roll back in case of any problems. If you want to update to Fedora 34 on your Silverblue system, this article tells you how. It not only shows you what to do, but also how to revert things if something unforeseen happens. # ⚓ With_new_capabilities_to_the_platform_Red_Hat_rides the_edge_computing_wave⠀⇛ Red Hat, open source solutions provider, introduced new capabilities and enhancements to the world’s leading enterprise Linux platform, furthering Red Hat Enterprise Linux as a powerful foundation for the open hybrid cloud, from the datacenter to the edge. Generally available in the coming weeks, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 refines the platform’s role as a lightweight, production grade operating system for edge deployments, adding new Linux container, deployment and management capabilities scaled for the needs of edge computing. According to “The State of Enterprise Open Source” from Red Hat, 72% of IT leaders surveyed expect open source to drive adoption of edge computing over the next two years. The Linux Foundation’s “2021 State of the Edge” predicts that by 2025, Internet-of- Things (IoT) or edge-related devices will produce roughly 90 zettabytes of data. To Red Hat, this indicates that the importance of edge computing as a footprint of the open hybrid cloud will only grow in the years to come, making preparations for the rigors of edge computing a crucial need for CIOs and IT leaders. # ⚓ Red_Hat_Powers_the_Next_Wave_of_Edge_Computing_with Latest_Version_of_the_World’s_Leading_Enterprise_Linux Platform⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_explain_OKRs_(_Objectives_and_Key_Results)_in plain_English⠀⇛ If you’re going to explain an acronym, you’d best start by spelling out the initial letters. In this case, we’re talking about “Objectives and Key Results,” commonly abbreviated as OKRs. They’ve become a popular form of setting performance goals and measuring progress towards those goals, notes Red Hat technology evangelist Gordon Haff . “They’re generally attributed to Andy Grove when he was CEO of Intel in the 1980s, but later spread to a variety of other companies, primarily through the venture capitalist community,” Haff says. Today, they’re common in most IT groups and many line-of-business groups – putting the emphasis on individual and team performance outcomes, versus output. # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Tails_Devs_Need_Your_Help_to_Test_the_New_Tor Connection_Wizard⠀⇛ With Tails 4.18 out the door last week, it’s time for the Tails devs to focus on the next release, Tails 4.19, which will ship with a brand-new Tor Connection wizard that completely changes the way Tails connects to the Tor network. Currently, Tails connects to the Tor network automatically, but with the new Tor Connection wizard you’ll be able to choose to connect to the Tor network automatically, configure a Tor bridge, or connect to the Tor network using a safer way when you need to be completely unnoticed to those monitoring your Internet traffic. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Android_12_will_debut_a_new_extra-dim_mode:_Is_it better_than_dark_mode?_|_Laptop_Mag⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_11_Update_Now_Rolling_Out_For_Nokia_2.4⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_releases_Android_11_for_three_more_devices_– GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛ # ⚓ ZTE_Blade_11_Prime_Android_smartphone_looks_pretty damn_nice_for_the_price⠀⇛ # ⚓ Walt_Disney_World_Launches_MagicMobile_on_Select Android_Phones_with_Google_Pay_Functionality_– LaughingPlace.com⠀⇛ # ⚓ My_new_favorite_Android_launcher_is_Lynx_Launcher_– TechRepublic⠀⇛ # ⚓ Get_a_taste_of_the_new_Google_TV_experience_on_your Sony_Android_TV⠀⇛ # ⚓ All_android_phone_users_in_the_UK_given_warning_over new_scam_–_Liverpool_Echo⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ [Old] Malware_is_not_only_about_viruses_–_companies preinstall_it_all_the_time⠀⇛ The companies that sell malware are skilled at spinning the malfunctionalities as services to the consumer but they could offer most of these services with freedom and anonymity if they wanted to. It is fashionable to recognise the viciousness of today’s computing only to declare resistance unthinkable. Many claim that no one could resist gratification for mere freedom and privacy. But it’s not as hard as they say. We can resist: [...] # § FSF⠀➾ # § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ GCC_11.1_Is_Released⠀⇛ GCC 11.1 has made std=gnu++17 the default C++ language and DWARF 5 the default debugging format for targets that produce DWARF debugging information. There is also very experimental C++23 support, C2X enhancements and a whole lot more. [...] The biggest change since GCC 10 is that -std=gnu++17, instead of -std=gnu++14, is now the default C++ language. That’s just one of many changes to the GNU Compiler Collection’s C++ compiler. This release adds several new C++20 features like array size deduction in new-expressions and pseudo-destructors end object lifetimes. The C++ Standards Support in GCC has an overview of what parts of the C++20 standard, published in 2020 as the name implies, are implemented in GCC 11.1. GCC 11.1 introduces two new warnings that are enabled if C++20 is used: - Wdeprecated-enum-enum-conversion and - Wdeprecated-enum-float-conversion. First first warns about deprecated arithmetic conversions on operands of enumeration types, and the latter warns about deprecated arithmetic conversions on operands where one is of enumeration type and the other is of a floating- point type. GCC 11.1 also adds some initial support for the upcoming C++23 standard. That standard is still a draft, so it is way to early to actually use any of the C++23 features. # ⚓ GNU_Guile_3.0.6_released⠀⇛ We are pleased to announce the release of GNU Guile 3.0.6. This release improves source-location information for compiled code, removes the dependency on libltdl, fixes some important bugs, adds an optional bundled “mini-gmp” library, as well as the usual set of minor optimizations and bug fixes. For full details, see the NEWS entry. See the release note for signatures, download links, and all the rest. Happy hacking! # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ [Old] How_to_safely_open-source_internal_software_– Some_best_practices⠀⇛ On this post we’ll be focusing on a few essentials that should be done before making your project open-source: Scan your repository for secrets Replace internal names and emails with public ones Write your contribution guidelines (CONTRIBUTING.md) Write a bug report template and a pull request template Choose your License (LICENSE.md) Write your security policy (SECURITY.md) Write your project’s introduction (README.md) o § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ # ⚓ [Old] Has_UML_died_without_anyone_noticing?⠀⇛ A few years later, maybe around 2015-ish, I realised that I had pretty much stopped using UML, and so had the rest of my peers and nearly every Fortune 500 customer I have consulted for recently. What happened? I know. It was a death by a 1000 cuts. And no, UML wasn’t killed by the business community because of its complexity or rigour. Au contraire, business folks loved the ability to communicate clearly and unambiguously by using a handful of new symbols of conventions. It was the IT folks who brought UML to the table (as I did back in the day) and took it away in a puff of smoke. But it wasn’t UML that got killed, per se. In fairness, UML was just collateral damage. The massacre was in the entire requirements engineering field encompassing business analysis and design. Agile was the assassin and user stories were her deadly, poisonous arrow heads (pun intended). # ⚓ Senators_ramp_up_efforts_to_create_standards_for_self- driving_cars⠀⇛ Sens. Gary Peters (D-Mich.) and John Thune (R-S.D.) on Tuesday strongly argued for the need to advance legislation around autonomous vehicles in order to decrease traffic fatalities and increase the mobility of the elderly and those with disabilities. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Exit⠀⇛ o ⚓ Americans_Minds_are_Artificially_Intelligent⠀⇛ It is tempting to think that free-will exists. Unfortunately, it does not, particularly in America (tip of the hat to Baruch Spinoza writing in his Ethics). Taste in music (rap, rock, pop, etc.), fashion and food; political orientation whether left, right or center; what sports team to support, or vehicle to drive, or television series to watch is all supplied by media/ corporations to American brains that are as malleable as silly putty.  The mind easily succumbs to the totalitarian machinations of the American domestic/global capitalist network as its marketers, advertisers, and politicians/ideologues pound content into the brain via television news, hand-held computers/telephones, the world wide web, social media, and legacy media. Alberto J. L. Carrillo Canan believes that “the dominant technological forms determine the way we conceive reality, human life and mind.” How does one account for a meaningful life in American society? What would be contained in a meaningful life’s ledger? How do you determine if you are free and not programmed? Two days of administered freedom at the end of the workweek? A new car? A two-week vacation at the beach? A mammoth flat screen television? A new iPhone? A new season of a television series on Netflix? A college degree? A mortgage on the house?  A yearly bonus for productivity? The ability to vote for only two candidates for the President of the United States? An opinion you really believe is yours? o ⚓ Why_The_New_York_Times_Is_Retiring_the_Term_‘Op-Ed’⠀⇛ That important mission remains the same. But it’s time to change the name. The reason is simple: In the digital world, in which millions of Times readers absorb the paper’s journalism online, there is no geographical “Op- Ed,” just as there is no geographical “Ed” for Op-Ed to be opposite to. It is a relic of an older age and an older print newspaper design. So now, at age 50, the designation will be retired. Editorials will still be called editorials, but the articles written by outside writers will be known as “Guest Essays,” a title that will appear prominently above the headline. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ We_were_promised_Strong_AI,_but_instead_we_got_metadata analysis⠀⇛ Google never publish what they have inferred about a web page with their clever AI techniques. Even webmasters are only given access to a very small portion of the data about their own sites to allow them to debug issues. The whole system is stunningly opaque. The best argument for metadata is that it’s open and there for anyone to read. Anyone who wants to can easily write a parser for the OpenGraph tags. They don’t need gads of AI models or cloud computing or whatever to understand something simple about a web page. It’s important, though, that the metadata sits on or near the thing itself, and that if it doesn’t, that there isn’t a requirement for lots of interaction or co-operation to get it. Having to plead for access to or pay for metadata usually ends up empowering monopolies or creating needless data middlemen (who drone on and on about how “data is the new oil”). At best it creates little barriers to getting started. Finance in particular is riddled with this problem. # ⚓ When_AIs_Start_Hacking⠀⇛ As I discuss in my report, while hacks can be used by attackers to exploit systems, they can also be used by defenders to patch and secure systems. So in the long run, AI hackers will favor the defense because our software, tax code, financial systems, and so on can be patched before they’re deployed. Of course, the transition period is dangerous because of all the legacy rules that will be hacked. There, our solution has to be resilience. We need to build resilient governing structures that can quickly and effectively respond to the hacks. It won’t do any good if it takes years to update the tax code, or if a legislative hack becomes so entrenched that it can’t be patched for political reasons. This is a hard problem of modern governance. It also isn’t a substantially different problem than building governing structures that can operate at the speed and complexity of the information age. What I’ve been describing is the interplay between human and computer systems, and the risks inherent when the computers start doing the part of humans. This, too, is a more general problem than AI hackers. It’s also one that technologists and futurists are writing about. And while it’s easy to let technology lead us into the future, we’re much better off if we as a society decide what technology’s role in our future should be. # ⚓ The_Coming_AI_Hackers⠀⇛ Artificial intelligence—AI—is an information technology. It consists of software. It runs on computers. And it is already deeply embedded into our social fabric, both in ways we understand and in ways we don’t. It will hack our society to a degree and effect unlike anything that’s come before. I mean this in two very different ways. One, AI systems will be used to hack us. And two, AI systems will themselves become hackers: finding vulnerabilities in all sorts of social, economic, and political systems, and then exploiting them at an unprecedented speed, scale, and scope. It’s not just a difference in degree; it’s a difference in kind. We risk a future of AI systems hacking other AI systems, with humans being little more than collateral damage. This isn’t hyperbole. Okay, maybe it’s a bit of hyperbole, but none of this requires far-future science-fiction technology. I’m not postulating any “singularity,” where the AI-learning feedback loop becomes so fast that it outstrips human understanding. I’m not assuming intelligent androids like Data (Star Trek), R2-D2 (Star Wars), or Marvin the Paranoid Android (The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy). My scenarios don’t require evil intent on the part of anyone. We don’t need malicious AI systems like Skynet (Terminator) or the Agents (Matrix). Some of the hacks I will discuss don’t even require major research breakthroughs. They’ll improve as AI techniques get more sophisticated, but we can see hints of them in operation today. This hacking will come naturally, as AIs become more advanced at learning, understanding, and problem-solving. In this essay, I will talk about the implications of AI hackers. First, I will generalize “hacking” to include economic, social, and political systems—and also our brains. Next, I will describe how AI systems will be used to hack us. Then, I will explain how AIs will hack the economic, social, and political systems that comprise society. Finally, I will discuss the implications of a world of AI hackers, and point towards possible defenses. It’s not all as bleak as it might sound. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Bizarre_Case_of_Snowden_and_a_Get-Rich-Quick_Real Estate_Investing_Conference⠀⇛ Edward Snowden joined an online “elite real estate investment club” Saturday afternoon, spoke for several minutes about whistleblowing, called out one of the hosts for allegedly running a Ponzi scheme, then logged out in one of the more bizarre online conferences in recent memory. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Future_of_Water_in_the_American_Southwest⠀⇛ The Southwestern states, in particular, have faced frequent and ongoing droughts over the past two decades, and traditional water supplies are failing. As groundwater supplies in the region have depleted substantially, rainfall has decreased and the costs of importing water have risen substantially. The region looks to the Colorado River as its plumbing system, which currently provides drinking water to 1 in 10 Americans—all while irrigating nearly 5.5 million acres of land. But it’s also being stretched to its limits: Population growth and expansive development are increasing agricultural demands. Meanwhile, the pressure to ensure that there is sufficient water left in the environment to support ecosystems has accelerated. According to a study by the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation, the demands on the Colorado River are expected to exceed supply by 2040. # ⚓ ‘Like_science_fiction,’_Seattle_startup_sends_laser- equipped_robots_to_zap_weeds_on_farmland⠀⇛ Seattle-based Carbon Robotics this week revealed the latest iteration of its nine-foot-long robot designed to weed fields of row crops, replacing human labor or herbicides. With 12 cameras and eight lasers, the machine zaps the unwanted plants at up to 5 miles per hour. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Post_Office_scandal:_What_the_Horizon_saga_is_all about⠀⇛ Between 2000 and 2014, the Post Office prosecuted 736 sub-postmasters and sub- postmistresses – an average of one a week – based on information from a recently installed computer system called Horizon. Some went to prison following convictions for false accounting and theft, many were financially ruined and have described being shunned by their communities. Some have since died. After 20 years, campaigners won a legal battle to have their cases reconsidered, after claiming that the computer system was flawed. # ⚓ Don’t_Share_Your_$HOME_with_Untrusted_Guests⠀⇛ On all Unix-based operating systems of which MacOS is an instance, a write access to the user’s home folder is essentially a “game over” from the attacker’s perspective. While classic operating systems have long accepted the fact and routinely ensure privilege separation where it’s due, hypervisors have to factor in their Host OS design specifics in new and unprecedented ways. # ⚓ Apple’s_AppTrackingTransparency_is_Upending_Mobile Phone_Tracking⠀⇛ In short, AppTrackingTransparency (or ATT) means that apps are now required to ask you permission if they want to track you and your activity across other apps. The kind of consent interface that ATT offers is not new, and it’s similar for other permissions that mobile users will be accustomed to (e.g., when an app requests access to your microphone, camera, or location). It’s normal for apps to be required to request the user’s permission for access to specific device functions or data, and third-party tracking should be no different. You can mark your ATT preferences app by app, or set it overall for all apps.  Much of ATT revolves around your iPhone’s IDFA, or “ID for advertisers.” This 16-byte string of numbers and letters is like a license plate for your iPhone. (Google has the same kind of identifier for Android, called the Android Ad ID; these identifiers are referred to collectively as “ad IDs”). Previously, you could opt out of IDFA’s always-on surveillance deep in the settings of your iPhone; now, ATT means that IDFA settings are more visible, opt-in, and per app.  The main feature of ATT is the technical control on IDFA, but the framework will regulate other kinds of tracking, too: if an app does not have your permission to “track” you, it is also not allowed to use identifiers like your phone number, for example, to do so. Presumably, this policy- level feature will depend on Apple’s app store review process to be effective. # ⚓ Anatomy_of_Cobalt_Strike’s_DLL_Stager⠀⇛ During my free time I enjoy analyzing samples NVISO spots in-the-wild, and hence further dissected the Cobalt Strike DLL payload. This blog post will cover the payload’s anatomy, design choices and highlight ways to reduce both log footprint and time-to-shellcode. # ⚓ Data_From_The_Emotet_Malware_is_Now_Searchable_in Have_I_Been_Pwned,_Courtesy_of_the_FBI_and_NHTCU⠀⇛ Earlier this year, the FBI in partnership with the Dutch National High Technical Crimes Unit (NHTCU), German Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) and other international law enforcement agencies brought down what Europol rereferred to as the world’s most dangerous malware: Emotet. This strain of malware dates back as far as 2014 and it became a gateway into infected machines for other strains of malware ranging from banking trojans to credential stealers to ransomware. Emotet was extremely destructive and wreaked havoc across the globe before eventually being brought to a halt in February. # ⚓ Law_enforcement_delivers_final_blow_to_Emotet⠀⇛ But over the weekend authorities sent a specially crafted file to infected devices that is meant to make it so Emotet is no longer run automatically on infected machines. The action is intended to make it so Emotet’s persistence mechanism is removed and disrupt any existing infections, according to security researchers at Malwarebytes. # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Submitting_known_buggy_Linux patches_‘ethical,_noble_and_brave’⠀⇛ A developer known as Giacomo Tesio has backed the actions of students and staff from the University of Minnesota, who sent known buggy patches to the stable Linux kernel maintainer Greg Kroah- Hartman, writing that the act was “not just ethical, but noble and brave”. “All the livor and drama that followed your research proves that the Linux Foundation failed to learn the lessons of Heartbleed,” Tesio said in a post to the kernel mailing list. He was referring to a 2014 vulnerability in OpenSSL, a cryptographic library that enables SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security) encryption. The flaw would have allowed attackers to monitor all information that flows between a user and a Web service, and could even decrypt past traffic collected. The bug was discovered by three researchers from security firm Codenomicon and Neel Mehta, a security researcher at Google. Tesio said what the students — Qiushi Wu and Aditya Pakki — and their instructor — Kangjie Lu — had done was a valuable discovery “for all of us”. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ UK_Child_Welfare_Agency’s_Anti-Encryption ‘Research’_Ignored_Everything_It_Didn’t Want_To_Hear⠀⇛ In late March, the UK’s National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) started injecting its anti- encryption views into the major papers via some press releases and statements claiming encryption was the “biggest threat to children online.” It also claimed its stance was supported by a soon-to-be- released report, which had gathered opinions and analysis from a number of stakeholders. # ⚓ As_the_battle_to_set_6G_standards_begins, UK_spy_agency_warns_China_seeks_to_“control the_global_operating_system”⠀⇛ Although the Politico piece is a little over-excited about the still vague possibilities opened up by the technology, it is spot- on when it comes to pinpointing the underlying political forces driving the growing interest in 6G. It quotes the US Senator Mark Warner, a Democrat who chairs the Senate Intelligence Committee, as saying: “5G was the wake up call, the holy crap moment. China is setting the standards for the future.” That’s something that China is quite open about. In an article on the China Daily site – effectively, the in-house news organisation of the Chinese government – Yang Xiaowei, deputy head of the Cyberspace Administration of China, said of his country’s 6G research: “More efforts will also be made to fully release the vitality of data through speeding up the building of systems and standards to accommodate data flow, cross- border data transmission and data security protection.” # ⚓ EU_unveils_proposals_for_wide-ranging_AI regulation_with_a_global_reach,_and_facial recognition_systems_flagged_up_as_“high risk”⠀⇛ At the heart of the new proposals lies a risk-based approach. AI systems considered a “clear threat” to safety, livelihoods and people’s rights, will be banned. These include AI systems that “manipulate human behaviour to circumvent users’ free will”, and “systems that allow ‘social scoring’ by governments”, of the kind pioneered in China. So- called “high-risk” AI systems will be subject to a variety of obligations before they can be put on the market, including risk assessment, high quality datasets, logging of activity, detailed documentation, human oversight and a high level of robustness, security, and accuracy. Systems considered high risk are those in critical infrastructure; educational applications that may determine access; employment applications such as software that sorts through job applications; private and public services such as credit scoring; law enforcement; border control; and administration of justice and democratic processes. Of particular interest to readers of this blog will be the following comment in the Questions and Answers document: # ⚓ YouTube_Ad_Revenue_Tops_$6B_in_First Quarter⠀⇛ The Google-owned video platform brought in more than $6 billion in advertising revenue in the first quarter of 2021, according to the quarterly earnings report of parent company Alphabet. That is up from $4 billion in the same quarter of last year, a 50 percent year-over-year growth rate. YouTube first revealed its advertising revenue a year ago, and since then saw its fortunes wobble somewhat amid the pandemic advertising drawdown. Now, however, the video site is seeing turbocharged growth return. YouTube is also increasingly playing hardball in distribution negotiations involving its flagship app and its YouTube TV live TV service. This week a dispute with Roku was revealed publicly. # ⚓ China’s_domestic_surveillance_programmes benefit_foreign_spies⠀⇛ China’s suspicion contains an irony, however. Removing Western devices from Chinese networks will not keep China secure from its adversaries, because the Chinese government itself insists upon weakening the security of those networks and devices for its own purposes. Though America tends to hyperventilate about Chinese intrusion, it is China whose digital security is more precarious. This is because of the Chinese government’s insistence on being able to monitor and control the information that flows through the country’s digital networks. For instance, all messages sent on WeChat, China’s most widely used messaging application, must pass through central servers as plain text, unencrypted, so that the company can filter and censor them according to the government’s requirements. This makes those servers a ripe target for any foreign agents who want to spy on Chinese citizens, who between them have more than a billion WeChat accounts. # ⚓ A_complete_Facebook_data_breach_&_privacy leak_timeline_(2005_to_2021)⠀⇛ Social media titan Facebook entered our lives in the year 2004 and has become a part of our daily lives ever since. Launched by Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook was initially made available to just Harvard and later expanded to include students of other US universities. In 2006, the social media platform decided to open itself to the public, and the rest is history. However, this blog is not about celebrating Facebook’s success as a platform but to give you a timeline of Facebook data breaches that have made data of millions of its users vulnerable to hackers. Not many people know that Facebook faced its first vulnerability in 2005 when MIT researchers developed a script that could download publicly posted information of over 70,000 users. Since then, it has frequently found itself became a victim of such data breaches. Despite what they say in response to the data breaches they face, it has failed to provide privacy assurance to its users, time and again. If you want to know how many data breaches Facebook had or want a Facebook privacy leak and fail history, you’ve come to the right place. Here’s a Facebook data breach timeline and privacy fails. # ⚓ Canada’s_Proposed_Privacy_Law_Reforms_Are Not_Enough⠀⇛ In an effort to update Canada’s federal commercial privacy legislation, the Canadian government has introduced new consumer privacy protection legislation. Bill C-11: Digital Charter Implementation Act, 2020, and in particular the Consumer Privacy Protection Act (CPPA) that is part of the larger piece of legislation, would significantly reshape Canada’s federal commercial privacy requirements. The legislation has been designed to advance consumer interests, as opposed to being based upon human rights principles, and would transform the nature of consent by expanding the range of situations where consent isn’t required to obtain, use, or disclose personal information. More positively, if passed as drafted the legislation would better empower the Privacy Commissioner and create a tribunal which would be responsible for enforcing the Commissioner’s decisions, and could assign monetary penalties where appropriate. Entirely absent from the legislation, however, is a requirement that organizations truly behave more transparently. Nor does the legislation meaningfully enhance the current limited rules which enable individuals to access and correct their personal information that is held by organizations. The proposed legislation also fails to satisfactorily ensure that whistleblowers who come to the Privacy Commissioner would be adequately protected from retribution. # ⚓ British_Music_Industry_Resoundingly Supports_COVID_Passports_—_With_a_Few Caveats⠀⇛ UK Music backed the idea of COVID-19 vaccine passports (as well as other “status certification measures”) in an open letter to Prime Minister Boris Johnson, leader of the opposition Keir Starmer, and several additional MPs. For reference, the 13-year-old organization in January stated that “the combination of vaccines and rapid testing gives hope that we will be in a position to hold large-scale events by the middle of this year.” After reiterating that the live- entertainment space stands to benefit from the rollback of lockdown measures and large- gathering bans – “a continuation of restrictions threatens additional financial pressures on the sector” – the British music industry representative’s recently published message addresses the possibility that vaccine passports could expedite the timetable associated with said rollback. # ⚓ Spotify_Is_Getting_Directly_Integrated Into_Facebook_—_Starting_Next_Week⠀⇛ Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg revealed his platform’s fast- approaching integration of Spotify during a recent interview with journalist Casey Newton. The lengthy discussion centered largely on the social media company’s planned expansion into audio, which Zuckerberg believes is “going to be a first-class medium.” Worth mentioning on this front is that the 36-year-old Facebook head also unveiled the ongoing development of Soundbites, a short-form audio project. (Moreover, Facebook detailed Soundbites as well as its support for podcasts in a formal release, but this announcement message doesn’t mention the Spotify integration.) Spotify late last month acquired Locker Room, a prominent Clubhouse competitor, and outlined plans to begin hosting “real-time discussions, debates, ask me anything (AMA) sessions, and more.” o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_the_Embargo_Against_Cuba?⠀⇛ Don’t count it. Squeezing the life out of the Cuban people as a way to get regime change has become such a normalized way of life for the United States that it is unlikely that this cruel and brutal policy will be ended anytime soon. Back in the day, the embargo was justified as part of the Cold War against “godless communism” and, specifically, the international communist conspiracy that was supposedly based in Moscow, Russia and that supposedly threatened to envelope the United States and the rest of the world. (Yes, that Russia, the one we are being called upon, once again, to treat as our official enemy.) The Pentagon and the CIA steadfastly maintained that the “national security” of the United States was gravely threatened by a communist outpost only 90 miles away from American shores. # ⚓ Almost_Everything_Biden_Said_About_Ending_the_Afghanistan War_Was_a_Lie⠀⇛ U.S. military leaders and generals gave a much more accurate assessment of the war’s future in the days following Biden’s speech. Former CIA officer and counterterrorism expert Marc Polymeropoulos explained to the Times, “What we are really talking about are how to collect intelligence and then act against terrorist targets without any infrastructure or personnel in the country other than essentially the embassy in Kabul.” In other words, the U.S. wants to wage a remotely run war against Afghanistan, as it has done in other nations like Yemen, Syria, and Somalia. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin added his two cents, underscoring the U.S.’s ability to wage war without troops on the ground, saying, “There’s probably not a space on the globe that the United States and its allies can’t reach.” Marine Corps Gen. Kenneth McKenzie Jr. echoed this sentiment in ominous terms on April 20 at a House Armed Services Committee hearing, saying, “if we’re going to strike something [in Afghanistan], we’re going to strike it in concert with the law of armed conflict and the American way of war.” # ⚓ Opinion_|_America_Hacks_Itself:_The_Cold_War_Has_Already Turned_Hot—on_the_Internet⠀⇛ Waiting for the cyber-apocalypse. # ⚓ How_US_government_fronts_shape_media_coverage_of_Myanmar upheaval,_propagandize_for_Western_intervention⠀⇛ # ⚓ World_police:_Washington_seeks_to_imprison_foreign businesspeople_for_violating_illegal_US_sanctions⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Successful_Campaign_to_Block_Matthew_Rojansky’s Appointment_Is_Ominous_for_Biden’s_Russia_Policy⠀⇛ When a new administration comes to Washington, the flowery rhetoric and springtime promises are often less revealing than who is put where to run the place. That’s why many of Washington’s most scurrilous campaigns are backstage fights over potential appointments. And that’s why the successful campaign to block the appointment of Matthew Rojansky as Russia director on the National Security Council is not only a sad reflection of the poisonous state of the debate on Russian policy today, but also an ominous sign for Biden’s foreign policy going forward. # ⚓ Moscow_judge_‘limits’_what_Navalny’s_Anti-Corruption Foundation_can_legally_do,_pending_extremism_ruling⠀⇛ Ahead of a ruling in the extremism case brought by prosecutors against Alexey Navalny’s anti- corruption organizations, the Moscow City Court has approved preliminary restrictions on what these civic groups can do.  # ⚓ Team_Navalny’s_final_days_Russia’s_justice_system_hasn’t yet_banned_the_opposition_movement,_technically_speaking,_but just_try_telling_that_to_activists_on_the_ground⠀⇛ Alexey Navalny’s Anti-Corruption Foundation achieved its greatest visibility ever earlier this year when the group released a documentary film describing a vast “palace” and winery empire reportedly controlled by Vladimir Putin. Just before the video was published on YouTube (where it now has more than 116 million views), Navalny himself hijacked the global narrative about Russia by returning to Moscow and becoming one of the world’s best-known political prisoners. Following a series of mass protests organized without official permits by Navalny’s political and anti-corruption groups, the Russian authorities initiated legal proceedings that will likely obliterate this opposition movement’s capacity for coordinated activism. Meduza summarizes how this process unfolded over the past week. # ⚓ Russian_police_visit_homes_of_journalists_who_covered_the Navalny_solidarity_rallies⠀⇛ Police came to the home of Dozhd correspondent Alexey Korostelev on the morning of Tuesday, April 27, to press administrative charges against him for alleged involvement in an unauthorized rally on April 21. # ⚓ DHS_extends_REAL-ID_airport_enforcement_“deadline”_again⠀⇛ The Department of Homeland Security has once again postponed its self-proclaimed “deadline” for enforcement of the REAL-ID Act at airports, this time from October 1, 2021, to May 3, 2023. The latest postponement proves, once again, that the dates of the DHS threats to begin “enforcing” the REAL-ID Act at airports are as changeable as the dates in any of the threats made by extortionists or kidnappers. Today’s DHS press release is more like a ransom note than a legal notice: “If you get an ID we deem acceptable, we might not harass you as much when you fly, and we might allow you to exercise your right to travel.” It remains unclear what enforcement of the REAL-ID Act at airports might mean. No law requires air travelers to have any ID, and the REAL-ID Act doesn’t change that.  The Transportation Security Administration recently posted a video showing how you can fly without ID.  But today’s DHS press release implies that the DHS is contemplating denying passage through TSA checkpoints at airports to travelers who don’t have, don’t carry, or don’t chose to show ID credentials that the DHS and TSA deem “compliant” or “acceptable”: # ⚓ Ivy_League_Secret_Exposed:_Classes_Used_Bones_of_Black Children_Killed_in_1985_MOVE_Police_Bombing⠀⇛ Outrage is growing in Philadelphia after explosive revelations that the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University have been in possession of remains thought to belong to two children who were among 11 people killed in the 1985 police bombing of the Philadelphia home of the radical, Black liberation and anti-police-brutality group MOVE. We show an excerpt of a training video — now removed from the internet — by an anthropologist at the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University who has been using the bones of at least one of the young bombing victims for the past 36 years — without the knowledge or consent of the families — and get response from a MOVE family member. “It makes you wonder: What else do they have?” says Mike Africa Jr., a second-generation MOVE member who grew up with the children whose remains have now been located. “What else are they covering up? What else are they lying about?” # ⚓ “A_Warrant_Is_Not_a_License_to_Kill”:_Rev._William_Barber Condemns_Police_“Execution”_of_Andrew_Brown⠀⇛ Hundreds of demonstrators have taken to the streets of Elizabeth City, North Carolina, to protest the police killing of Andrew Brown Jr., a 42-year-old Black father shot dead in his car on April 21. On Monday, authorities allowed Brown’s family and attorney to watch a 20-second video clip of the shooting. The family says it shows Brown was shot in the back of the head while his hands were on the steering wheel of a car, calling it an “execution.” Seven sheriff’s deputies have already been placed on paid administrative leave; two other deputies have resigned, and another retired over the past week. But supporters say authorities must provide greater accountability and release the full footage of the shooting. “They waited 120 hours to get 20 seconds,” says Rev. William Barber, co-chair of the Poor People’s Campaign and president of Repairers of the Breach. “That is absolutely ridiculous.” Barber notes police killed Brown Jr. on the same day Virginia cops shot Isaiah Brown after he called 911, the day after Derek Chauvin was convicted of murdering George Floyd on the same day a Columbus police officer killed 16-year-old Ma’Khia Bryant. # ⚓ Lee_Camp:_The_CIA_Has_Been_Taking_Over_for_Decades⠀⇛ December 22, 1963 — exactly one month after President John F. Kennedy had been assassinated, former President Harry S. Truman published an op-ed in the Washington Post that most people, especially our perfumed ruling elite, wanted to ignore. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Birth_Of_A_Nation⠀⇛ # ⚓ Focusing_Purely_on_Injustices_in_China_and_Russia_with_a Cold_War_Mindset_Damages_Human_Rights_Everywhere⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Armenian_Genocide_Continues⠀⇛ Not only has Turkey repeatedly denied culpability for the Armenian Genocide; it appears intent on reigniting it, most recently by helping Azerbaijan wage war on Armenia in the context of the Nagorno- Karabakh dispute, which again erupted in late 2020. # ⚓ Facebook_Stopped_Employees_From_Reading_An_Internal_Report About_Its_Role_In_The_Insurrection._You_Can_Read_It_Here.⠀⇛ Last Thursday, BuzzFeed News revealed that an internal Facebook report concluded that the company had failed to prevent the “Stop the Steal” movement from using its platform to subvert the election, encourage violence, and help incite the Jan. 6 attempted coup on the US Capitol. Titled “Stop the Steal and Patriot Party: The Growth and Mitigation of an Adversarial Harmful Movement,” the report is one of the most important analyses of how the insurrectionist effort to overturn a free and fair US presidential election spread across the world’s largest social network — and how Facebook missed critical warning signs. The report examines how the company was caught flat- footed as the Stop the Steal Facebook group supercharged a movement to undermine democracy, and concludes the company was unprepared to stop people from spreading hate and incitement to violence on its platform. The report’s authors, who were part of an internal task force studying harmful networks, published the document to Facebook’s internal message board last month, making it broadly available to company employees. But after BuzzFeed News revealed the report’s existence last week, many employees were restricted from accessing it. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Right-wing_media_pushes_bogus_story_about_Kamala_Harris’ book_being_given_to_immigrant_kids⠀⇛ The New York Post, a conservative tabloid owned by Rupert Murdoch, published an entirely bogus story — which eventually made its way into the White House briefing room — claiming that Vice President Kamala Harris’ children’s book “Superheroes Are Everywhere” was being passed out to migrant children who had recently arrived in the U.S. On Tuesday, the Post deleted the two stories making the false claim from its site, only to publish corrected versions hours later to place the articles back online with a brief editor’s note. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Cool_homes_and_hot_water_are_there_on_the_cheap⠀⇛ Would you like cool homes and hot water without paying to power them? They’re already working in the laboratory. # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Where’s_Wally:_find_your_favourite_taxpayer_subsidy to_the_fossil_fuel_giants⠀⇛ At almost $20,000 per minute, the Government spends more on fossil fuel subsidies than on the Australian Army, writes Rod Campbell. # ⚓ Opinion_|_It_Is_Time_to_Transition_to_a_World_Beyond Fossil_Fuels—Our_Lives_Depend_On_It⠀⇛ The export of hydrocarbons must end. President Biden can lead the way by kicking off a fossil fuel phaseout in the U.S. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Idaho’s_Wolf_Slaughter_Bill_Stampedes_Toward_a_Vote⠀⇛ If passed into law, 1211 would allow an unlimited number of wolf tags per hunter, no restrictions on methods of take, establishment of year-round trapping seasons on private lands, and allowing the state Wolf Depredation Control Board to hire independent contractors to kill wolves. The bill would allow wolves to be killed using any method available for other wild canids–including aerial gunning and, potentially, deadly poisons. And it allows wolf tags to be used for hunting, trapping, or snaring in any unit when seasons are open at the time of take. This proposed legislation comes on the heels of newly expanded wolf hunting and trapping seasons for much of Idaho adopted by the Idaho Fish and Game Commission in February. The use of wolves as a political pawn is an affront to science-based management of wildlife, and only proves that state management of wolves and other predators without federal oversight is a recipe for extinction. Idaho’s wolf population was removed from Endangered Species Act protection by legislative rider in 2011, and wolves were removed from Endangered Species Act protection nationwide just last year. There is no valid justification in all of wildlife management for this kind of radical reduction of a native species, so far below the natural carrying capacity of the environment. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Mexico_Should_Reject_Excessive_Powers_From_Foreign Investors⠀⇛ o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Most_Righteous_Thing_Joe_Biden_Has_Done_as_President⠀⇛ I have waited my entire life for an American president to speak a full measure of truth about the Armenian genocide. # ⚓ Biden’s_Recovery:_How’s_the_Hopey-Changey_Thing_Working_Our for_You?⠀⇛ We are going to get the GDP growth data for the first quarter this week and it is almost certain to be very strong, quite likely over 7.0 percent. This is great news in terms of recovering from the pandemic recession and getting people back to work, but we know that all the inflation hawks will be yelling that we will soon be back in the 1970s, with inflation spiraling ever higher. For this reason, it’s worth trying to dissect the data to see if it can give evidence that bears on this question. Productivity Growth # ⚓ How_to_Stop_Republicans_from_Stealing_Elections⠀⇛ The stakes could not be higher. Simply put, it’s democracy or authoritarianism. # ⚓ [Old] Analyzing_how_hackers_breached_the_Indian_government –_play_by_play⠀⇛ This is another attack executed by the white hat hacking group Sakura Samurai however what makes this breach in particular so interesting is the multiple state-owned organizations that were affected. In total, 26 different government departments and organizations were compromised. This post aims to provide a play-by-play breakdown of exactly how the attack unfolded, review the methodology the attackers implemented and the tools that were used throughout. # ⚓ The_thermocline_of_truth⠀⇛ Webster observed that, generally speaking, those at the bottom of an organisation have a fairly accurate view of what’s going on. They’re close to the detail; they know whether their area of the project is on-track, and can infer from that the state of the wider project. Those at the top, though, have no such first-hand knowledge. They rely on the bubbling-up of information from below, in the form of dashboards and status reports. But, Webster noticed, those status reports tend to produce a comically optimistic view of the state of the project. Individual contributors presented a rosy picture of what they were working on to their line managers; middle managers gave good news to their bosses; and senior managers, keen to stay on the promotion track and perhaps hopeful that other parts of the project would fail before theirs, massage the truth yet again. The result is that there is a thermocline within the organisation: not of temperature, but of truth. There is a clear line in the org chart, below which the truth of the project’s disastrous state is known, but above which everything looks rosy. o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ China_[Astroturfers]_Circulate_Fake_Taiwan_Presidential Office_Memo_on_Social_Media⠀⇛ Images of falsified a Taiwan Presidential Office memo circulated widely online this month, angering the island’s democratic government by claiming that Taiwan had agreed to receive the nuclear wastewater from Fukushima, Japan. In a world of increasingly sophisticated fakes and forgeries, the bogus Taiwan Presidential Office memo posted on Twitter announcing “the government will receive wastewater from Japan” was sloppy with fingerprints from the communist mainland, experts said. # ⚓ Russia_Accused_Of_Using_Deepfakes_To_Imitate_Political Rivals⠀⇛ Kols claimed that he received an email from the person claiming to be Volkov requesting a video conference with him. During the meeting, they discussed Russia’s political prisoners and aggression against Crimea. Later, he realized that it might not have been Volkov at all after the alleged imposter attended a Ukrainian Foreign Affairs Committee meeting and became openly combative, according to Lithuanian Radio and Television. By then, though, the individual had already attended several meetings with top-level officials in the European Union. # ⚓ Congress_is_way_behind_on_algorithmic_misinformation⠀⇛ Congress’ slow walk was particularly notable compared with the expert panelists, who presented algorithmic disinformation as an existential threat to our system of government. “The biggest problem facing our nation is misinformation-at-scale,” Joan Donovan, research director at Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy, said Tuesday. “The cost of doing nothing is democracy’s end.” o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Knowing_Who_to_Stand_Up_For:_Heritage_Minister_Steven Guilbeault_and_the_Regulation_of_Free_Speech⠀⇛ Guilbeault has made his position clear: he will not stand up to lobbyists, will not stand up for the rights of individual Canadians, and does not stand for freedom of expression. It is time for Canadians to take a stand against Bill C-10. # ⚓ NYT_host_says_Florida_riot_bill_lets_authorities_‘pick_and choose’_on_protesting⠀⇛ Jane Coaston, host of The New York Times podcast “The Argument,” said Monday that Florida’s new “anti-riot bill,” which she called “incredibly vague,” allows law enforcement to “pick and choose” who is protesting properly. “I think that one of the challenges we’re seeing here is that this bill is allowing law enforcement to pick and choose who is protesting in the right way and who is protesting in the wrong way,” Coaston said on Hill.TV’s “Rising.” “It basically gives law enforcement officials the ability to say, ‘this protest, I don’t like it, so it’s unlawful assembly,’ and that means that everyone who’s arrested from the unlawful assembly that the law enforcement has just decided it was gets arrested and held for an entire evening,” she added. # ⚓ ‘Cursing_Cheerleader’_Snapchat_Case_Could_Reshape_Student Free_Speech⠀⇛ The school district, not satisfied with the lower- court rulings, appealed to the Supreme Court, which in January agreed to hear the case. On April 28, the Court will hear arguments in Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L. “This case may have started with a student expressing strong emotion in a seemingly trivial social media post,” said Travis Harper, a student and judicial advocacy associate with March for Our Lives, but “the question now before the Court could not be more important to the First Amendment rights of young people.” # ⚓ Joe_Rogan_Says_YouTube_Censorship_Is_One_of_the_Reasons_He Went_to_Spotify⠀⇛ It’s unclear if Rogan was threatened with YouTube demonetization or content removals prior to signing his Spotify contract. Either way, Rogan clearly sees an issue with efforts to muzzle comedians and non-conforming thought. After mentioning Dillion and his own motivations for vacating YouTube, Rogan alluded to broader bans against comedians, whether on YouTube or college campuses. “It’s a weird world out there man, and the world — it’s a f—king outrageous thing to say — but I think the world needs comedy, I think we do. I think it’s important for mental health, I think it’s important for mental clarity, I think it’s important to make fun of s—t.” Ironically, Rogan’s arrival at Spotify was hardly censorship-free. # ⚓ China’s_State_Media_Play_Down_Oscar_Wins_For_Beijing-Born Chloe_Zhao⠀⇛ Official Chinese media on Monday lashed out at Chinese-born director Chloe Zhao after she landed an Oscar for best director for her movie Nomadland, while government censors deleted references to her win from social media. # ⚓ China’s_Arrest_of_Tibetan_Writers_Blocks_Dissenting_Views: Rights_Group⠀⇛ Beginning in 2008—when widespread protests against Chinese rule swept Tibetan regions—and until 2010, nearly 60 influential Tibetan poets, writers, and other literary figures and academics were arrested by Chinese police, with the whereabouts of many still unknown, Gyal said. “And the reason usually given for the arrests was that they had all threatened national security and stability.” But what these arrests really show, Gyal said, “is that Tibetans have been deprived of their freedom of academic expression, and that the Chinese authorities can arrest them at any time simply by calling them a national threat.” o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Moscow_police_visit_the_home_of_‘Meduza’_correspondent Kristina_Safonova⠀⇛ On Tuesday, April 27, a district police officer visited the Moscow home of Meduza special correspondent Kristina Safonova. # ⚓ State_prosecutors_seek_between_7_and_16_years_in_prison_for ex-police_officers_accused_in_Golunov_case⠀⇛ State prosecutors have asked the Moscow City Court to give prison sentences ranging from 7 to 16 years to the former police officers accused of fabricating a criminal case against Meduza correspondent Ivan Golunov, a lawyer representing one of the accused told Interfax on Tuesday, April 27.  # ⚓ Pakistani_journalist_critical_of_the_military_wounded_by gunfire⠀⇛ Absar Alam, a prominent journalist, was shot in broad daylight near his home. He has faced threats because of his strongly critical stance toward the government and the military. Given that background, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) demands a completely independent investigation of this shocking attack. # ⚓ Homeland_Security_Will_Assess_How_It_Identifies_Extremism in_Its_Ranks⠀⇛ A Coast Guard lieutenant who described himself as a white nationalist was arrested the same year in Maryland for plotting to kill journalists, Democratic politicians, professors, Supreme Court justices and people he described as “leftists in general,” according to prosecutors. # ⚓ Kansas_City_journalist_dies_after_being_struck_by_bullet_in her_home⠀⇛ A young radio journalist for a Kansas City public radio station died Sunday after suffering a gunshot wound in her apartment, apparently from a bullet that pierced a window, her station reported. Aviva Okeson-Haberman, 24, was found in her first- floor apartment Friday afternoon, KCUR reported Sunday in announcing her death. Kansas City police Capt. Dave Jackson said her death is being investigated as a homicide. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Police_violence_against_children_sparks_demand_for_use-of- force_laws⠀⇛ Policies meant to stop police killings and the use of excessive force against civilians [sic] say little about interactions with children. The lack of oversight applies in schools across the country, where more officers have been called upon to patrol the halls, as well as on the streets. No sweeping federal laws regulate the police use of force against those 17 and under, and most law enforcement agencies don’t have clear protocols. # ⚓ Iran_must_end_its_relentless_violations_against_the Baha’is⠀⇛ Iran has shown resolute determination over its desire to rob its Baha’i population of all citizenship rights. Having just marked the year 1400 in the Iranian calendar and 178 of the Baha’i calendar (March 20), let’s take a snapshot of the situation. Iran’s human rights violations against Baha’is have been distinctly state-driven, multifaceted, and severe. Though the Baha’i Faith has never been included amongst the recognized religions in Iran, non-recognition and discrimination yielded a formal policy of hostility against its members with the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Over the decades that followed, no segment of the Baha’i population has remained untouched. The description of “cradle to grave persecution” falls short, as even a deceased member of the Baha’i Faith cannot rest in peace as Baha’i cemeteries have repeatedly been bulldozed and their burials disrupted. # ⚓ Taliban_tribunal_gives_woman_40_lashes_for_talking_to_a_man on_the_phone⠀⇛ It only took 80 seconds for two men to rain down 40 lashes on the woman huddled on her knees as a large crowd looked on. The video of the brutal sentence carried out on an Afghan woman was filmed near Herat and posted on Facebook on April 13. It is a painful reminder of the continued operation of Taliban “courts”, even though they have been banned. For our Observer, it also symbolises the failure of the Afghan government. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ A_Spotify_Price_Hike_Incoming_—_Here’s_Every_Streaming Music_Plan_Affected⠀⇛ Spotify has begun sending emails to subscribers about the changes to their accounts. The changes affect Student, Duo, and Family plans across Europe and the UK. The changes seem limited to Family plan subscriptions in the US, starting April 30. Single Spotify Premium subscriptions are unaffected by the price hike. # ⚓ Spotify_is_the_Facebook_of_the_Music_Industry⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Russia’s_antimonopoly_agency_fines_Apple_$12_million following_complaint_from_Kaspersky_Lab⠀⇛ Russia’s Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) has fined Apple $12 million for abusing its dominant position in the apps market. # ⚓ Impacts_of_transportation_network_companies_on_urban mobility⠀⇛ The role of transportation network companies (TNCs) in the urban transport system is under intense debate. In this study, we systematically assess three aspects of the net impacts of TNCs on urban mobility in the United States—road congestion, transit ridership and private vehicle ownership—and examine how these impacts have evolved over time. Based on a set of fixed-effect panel models estimated using metropolitan statistical area level data, we find that the entrance of TNCs led to increased road congestion in terms of both intensity (by 0.9%) and duration (by 4.5%), an 8.9% decline in transit ridership and an insignificant change in vehicle ownership. Despite the ideal of providing a sustainable mobility solution by promoting large-scale car sharing, our analysis suggests that TNCs have intensified urban transport challenges since their debut in the United States. # ⚓ How_Mark_Zuckerberg_and_Tim_Cook_became_foes⠀⇛ At a confab for tech and media moguls in Sun Valley, Idaho, in July 2019, Tim Cook of Apple and Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook sat down to repair their fraying relationship. For years, the CEOs had met annually at the conference, which was held by the investment bank Allen & Co., to catch up. But this time, Facebook was grappling with a data privacy scandal. Zuckerberg had been blasted by lawmakers, regulators and executives — including Cook — for letting the information of more than 50 million Facebook users be harvested by a voter-profiling firm, Cambridge Analytica, without their consent. # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_think_about_vaccines_and_patents_in_a pandemic⠀⇛ The economic argument for [Patent] protections seems compelling enough. Innovation is costly and risky. Pharmaceutical companies invest heavily in drug development with no guarantee of success. If other firms could freely copy a newly discovered treatment, then its price would quickly fall to the marginal cost of production, leaving the innovator unable to cover the costs of development. A short-term monopoly on production granted to innovating firms is needed to make the upfront investments economically worthwhile. Patents provide this protection. [Patent] protections do not always work in quite this way, however. Studies routinely find little or no evidence that strengthening them boosts subsequent innovation, argue Michele Boldrin and David Levine of Washington University in St Louis; pharmaceuticals, where [patent] rights [sic] are often assumed to be essential, are no exception. Patents award rich profits to firms even though private investment accounts for only about a third of spending on American biomedical research, they estimate. Other rewards to innovation, such as financial prizes, could yield more breakthrough drugs at lower cost. Yet for now, [patent] protections are crucial to the businesses of most of the firms developing covid-19 vaccines. # ⚓ The_Fight_Against_Vaccine_Apartheid_Goes_Global⠀⇛ A little over a year into the pandemic, just about 27 percent of the population of the United States has been fully vaccinated. This is a feat that once seemed impossibly distant. Yet, despite some scrambling as Americans figure out exactly when and where they can be vaccinated, the Biden administration has made it clear that, within weeks, any American adult who wants a vaccine will be able to get one. Unfortunately, this is not the case in much of the world. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Any_Delay_in_Ensuring_the_Greatest Availability_of_Vaccines_Worldwide_Is_Morally_Wrong_and Foolish⠀⇛ Waiving intellectual property rights so developing countries could produce more vaccines would make a big difference in reaching global herd immunity. # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ OSU,_Marc_Jacobs_Call_Truce_Over_Infuriating Competing_Trademark_Applications_For_The_Word_“The”⠀⇛ Normally, when we see what we consider a dumb trademark dispute over a dumb trademark resulting in two parties calling a truce and stopping the dumbness, we cheer such resolutions on. Far too many dumb trademark disputes find their way into the courtroom or become prolonged USPTO disputes, after all. So, when a resolution is amicably reached, that tends to be a good thing. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Spotify_CEO_Daniel_Ek_Wants_to_Buy_a_Football_Club_— Maybe_He_Should_Pay_the_Artists_First?⠀⇛ Hundreds of angry soccer fans lined up outside the club’s Emirates Stadium to protest its current owner, Stan Kroenke. Arsenal is one of six Premier League clubs that joined a newly constructed European Super League. The move was a controversial one among fans, which led it to pull out of the newly formed league. Following the protests, Spotify CEO Daniel Ek expressed an interest in buying the football club. Ek is estimated to be worth $4.7 billion. “As a kid growing up, I’ve cheered for @Arsenal as long as I can remember. If KSE would like to sell Arsenal, I’d be happy to throw my hat in the ring,” Ek wrote on Twitter on April 23rd. Following the tweet, music fans took to Twitter to publicly flog Daniel Ek for the statement. # ⚓ Operator_of_Torrent_Tracker_DanishBits_Sentenced_to One_Year_in_Prison⠀⇛ One of the ringleaders behind the defunct torrent tracker DanishBits received a one- year prison sentence today, of which nine months are conditional. The 33-year-old man was arrested in Morocco last year and later extradited to Denmark, where he admitted his involvement with the site. # ⚓ Pirates_Who_Illegally_Streamed_Jake_Paul_v_Ben_Askren Targeted_in_$100m_Lawsuit⠀⇛ Social networking service Triller has filed a $100m lawsuit against 12 ‘business entities’ and 100 John Does who it claims were involved in the illegal streaming of the Jake Paul vs Ben Askren boxing match on April 17. According to Triller, these “cyber-criminals” are responsible for diverting two million PPV buys away from the event. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 6171 ➮ Generation completed at 02:42, i.e. 116 seconds to (re)generate ⟲