𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Monday, May 10, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Tue 11 May 02:40:33 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmXNafXd5axgJbMSTJDBhpdahEES6VKHAfwY34G9rygpDN QmPQ7oG2Nj8FKAyQ85RrJktFVMurxCh3Pe3zvDx8rKMAUz QmRgCEHd5HvVtPhazUG8oVowda1vKyqEHfDS2witn4LgH5 QmNs8Lnd17CYyanMLrKZsJMxLpza6WZrFkBe5tLkqLDkZ5 QmTfYRsV88Nc6VUbdnHpsCrRY3CxAQgSjidMgNNrwavfRx QmTioizfonQmkmQZVpk7dZZ67X2Xig8ph9BLmioTxksWXg QmSQttceGFrFU7TmHNANAptaGSCcvan1Eq3QWESem6xe39 QmSZTG3h8A6U3zGFDJ43S48r7L4PQHNWePgtDfg9ttnbbM QmWWQB7dKfFykk9hqcajpXdEzfDGRmtj3BBEk4pp1nMBkN QmQzNpWJQMoFCuyskw5nkucHrWaXPe418yjdFXQCtD7zDD QmZGwB2dwoXTCA8Y8CWe2HqGrE5YtaUwPz4gUmyf4oWnxU QmUMo7d8dgF7XmqoeEHu1xfKy8iTPL8RkLquhWVGyB4HRH Qma8WdxzNkr8wRWABL5YE3twryLeQmmYM1S2TZp8zaGjj4 QmW6jLQ2hv6Ar6tpZ2qZPAdRcM8FyWxbwros9pg8VRRi28 QmeC8jyP7ZWx5xqD2hUk59hxM7v5THa1wiFpeBFivmefoq QmZgMbdiExWxP7c57aLX2a9Ec5vgUmky4974qEhynvmfEp QmbA6BEDcLemCzV7fkGoG9SSgTMvpcDqcLtzr5Uvr3JzGx QmfJWKCSvnWiHsJUAJCjg36Kyfvj1byG19GxA3Eb5x9bWZ Qmd6hgQN6gsko5DWsxdXwkXX5VmBZjqgdwFNSeyRk8iEo8 QmQ18yUNqfXiMeHu1h8nZAKdHmDvLPQs6mLzvyuXvVgrDo Qme2zET7nsqftCZUhomdrJ2TcwdGxMXqHcFY9wq5d5xR6R ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ [Meme] Bill Says, Bill Saves | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Bill, What’s Your Opinion? | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Sunday, May 09, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ According to the Wall Street Journal, Bill Gates’s Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein Caused the Bill-Melinda Divorce (While the Media Deflected to Dr. Stallman, Using a Phony ’Scandal’) | Techrights ⦿ Raise the Roof | Techrights ⦿ Richard Stallman on Writing rm, ls, and cp (Also Working on Bison) | Techrights ⦿ Richard Stallman Replatformed 10 Hours From Now | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/bill-saves/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/bill-says/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/irc-log-090521/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/melinda-sickened-by-bill/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/raise-the-roof/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/rms-on-his-gnu-programs/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/rms-replatformed-2021/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/keepass-2-48-released/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/kotlin-1-5-0/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 66 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/bill-saves/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/bill-saves/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ [Meme]_Bill_Says,_Bill_Saves⠀✐ Posted in Bill_Gates at 2:00 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Bill_Gates_and_not_the_wife⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Gates_saves⦈_ Summary: Bill Gates seems more_likely_to_be_indicted than to win a presidential election/term ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠉⣭⣿⣿⣟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⠀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⠉⠁⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣼⣿⠿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣼⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣴⣦⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠋⠙⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣇⣵⣦⣴⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣡⣄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢑⡊⢀⣿⣿⣿⣗⣠⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠭⢿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⣀⣮⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡈⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡿⠁⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢕⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⣴⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠁⣹⢘⢧⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣛⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⡖⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⢸⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⠿⠂⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⢸⣷⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⠈⠙⠛⠛⢁⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣬⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿ ⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⣷⡄⡇⢠⡶⢶⡔⣿⡗⠀⠀⢸⡷⢶⡄⢺⡇⣴⣖⠆⠘⠋⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠋⢸ ⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠧⠈⠻⠇⠸⠧⠼⠇⠻⡧⠄⠀⠼⠷⠼⠧⠼⠧⠮⣽⣿⣄⣀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢔⠇⢀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠹⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣄⢀⡀⣤⣸⡇⣰⣯⢃⣠⣄⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡞⣷⠇⢸⣇⣸⣇⢸⣗⢚⡇⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⡿⢿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠀⠀⣲⢸⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣤⣶⣶⣦⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠸⠁⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡄⣀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣠⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠨⢀⢃⠀⢀⣾⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡿⠀⢰⡆⠄⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠈⠊ ⠿⠛⠛⢛⢉⣉⣀⣠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⡀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⡀⢸⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠁⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠓⠄⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠈⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠡⠀⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⠁⣵⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡂⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡾⣿⣇⡠⠀⣼⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣛⡟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣧⣼⣼⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣂⣹⡟⡌⣾⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠇⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠈⡟⢿⡏⡜⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣁⢸⠇⠀⠀⢀⠸⣿⡿⡄⠝⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣻⣿⣿⣦⣤⣴⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠀⠀⣟⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣸⠀⠁⠀⠎⡄⣸⢧⠇⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢵⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⡗⡿⠋⠀⡰⢀⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢸⡿⠟⠛⠉⠉⢉⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡁⠸⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⡃⠀⡇⠀⡇⢃⢁⠆⡀⠀⢾⣧⠀⠀⠀⣠⡾⠁⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠘⠃⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣠⣽⣗⡀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠁⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⢸⣿⣄⣤⣾⣟⣥⡶⢋ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⠀⢸⠇⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠐⠇⠀⠀⠈⠀⡆⠀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠶⠋ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢠⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠘⢀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠃⠇ ⠿⠿⢟⣛⡻⠿⣛⡛⢛⣛⠀⣀⡀⣀⡙⣛⣻⡿⣛⣻⣿⣿⡿⣛⣛⠻⠋⣀⣀⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣙⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢷⣂⡀⢀⣈⡰⠶⣒⣓⡛⢿⣿⣿⠿⣋⣉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣷⣾⣿⣴⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠈⠉⢸⣿⠻⠿⢀⣿⣿⣇⢹⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⡟⣣⣧⣛⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠛⠻⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢱⣿⢻⣿⡆⣿⡟⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢻⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡆⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢈⣻⣿⣦⢸⣿⣸⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡿⢿⣿⡧⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠿⠀⠁⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⡿⣿⡅⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠔⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣦⠀⠸⣿⣼⡿⣸⣿⢻⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣶⡆⠀⢸⣿⡟⢹⣿⡟⡼⣿⣾⣿⠃⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⡿⠀⢀⣤⡌ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣷⡆⠀⠀⠆⠀⠄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡛⠀⡶⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠘⠀⢠⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⡇⠣ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⠀⢠⠂⠀⠟⢰⠀⠀⣾⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣸⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠂⡎⠀⢸⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠐⢻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠇⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠘⡏⠀⢢⢠⠀⠀⢰⠁⠀⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠋⠀⢘⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣴⣤⡄⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠘⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⡆⠁⠈⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⢸⣷⠀⢰⠆⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢸⡄⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠁⠁⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠙⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢸⡇⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣶⡦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡹⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠘⠁⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡭⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⢨⡞⠁⢀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣦⣤⣀⣀⠀⢀⣄⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣉⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢰⡏⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⢿⠇⠀⠀⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢻⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⢀⣼⡿⠟⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⡏⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢾⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣴⣾⣿⣶⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣼⣿⠃⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣴⣥⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⠿⠇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡏⣁⣸⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣯⠆⠀⠀⠀⢨⡟⠂⠀⠛⠃⠁⠀⠈⠈⠈⢹⣿⡁⠀⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣦⡄⢙⣿⣿⣿⠞⢻⠿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣟⠛⢐⣤⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⠿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⢰⡲⢶⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠡⠄⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣦⢠⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠈⣧⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣴⢶⢿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠁⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⢛⣏⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠋⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠺⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡹⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡁⠉⠈⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣇⢻⣿⡟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣧⠁⠀⠀⢛⣋⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠋⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⢀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 163 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/bill-says/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/bill-says/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ [Meme]_Bill,_What’s_Your_Opinion?⠀✐ Posted in Bill_Gates at 1:26 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Bill_says⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Way_to_distract_from_science;_Way_to_distract_from_Epstein_ (interjecting_oneself_into_a_disaster)⦈_ Summary: While it’s ludicrous to insinuate that Mr. Gates somehow “started” COVID-19 he certainly “rode the wave” for reputation laundering purposes, profit, and distraction from scandals that precede the epidemic in China (and caused his marriage to break down) ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⠿⣿⡏⢹⠉⡏⢹⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⢿⣿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⢸⣿⣿⣐⠃⢼⠄⣒⡂⣷⠘⡇⣴⣐⡒⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣈⣉⣠⣇⣸⣀⣇⣸⣿⣿⣉⣁⣼⣈⣉⣀⣹⡧⢰⣿⣉⣉⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠠⠄⢠⠁⠠⢸⠀⢡⢠⠀⠠⢸⠈⢀⠁⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠒⠀⠈⠒⠀⠘⠀⠘⠈⠐⠀⠘⠀⠈⠂⠐⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣤⠀⢹⡗⠒⡇⢸⡇⢸⣿⡿⠉⣴⣶⣄⣻⡿⠛⠛⢿⠋⠛⠿⠛⠻⣿⠟⠛⠿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⢿⡿⠟⠛⢿⡛⢿⡿⠛⡿⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠛⣿⠟⡿⠛⠛⢿⡟⠟⣿⢸⡿⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⣿⠘ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣤⡄⠙⡇⠀⡇⢸⡇⢸⣿⣇⠘⣿⣯⡍⢹⠛⣉⡅⢸⡇⣿⠈⣉⡁⣸⢤⣙⡛⣿⣿⡧⢀⣉⠛⡗⢈⡁⢸⣧⠘⠃⣼⡧⢈⡁⠛⣿⣿⡄⠃⣄⠙⣰⠀⢿⡿⠀⡇⢸⣿⢸⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⢤⣉⡛⣿⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣾⣧⣤⣧⣼⣧⣼⣿⣿⣷⣌⣉⣤⣾⣦⣉⣴⣨⣧⣩⣦⣉⣡⣿⣬⣉⣤⣿⣿⣧⣄⣡⣴⣧⣀⣴⣄⡿⠆⢰⣿⣧⣌⣡⣴⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⣤⣿⣷⣌⣡⣾⣧⣼⣿⣼⣦⣈⣥⣼⣿⣿⣮⣉⣤⣿⣼ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣡⡶⢸⠀⠶⢾⣿⣿⠀⢿⢏⢸⠏⣉⢻⠙⣹⣿⣏⣶⠆⡏⣴⡎⣏⣴⠆⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⢰⣶⠀⣉⢻⡟⣉⠻⣿⣏⢻⠉⡿⠹⢉⡛⡏⢋⡇⡿⢉⡃⣿⣿⠛⣉⣿⢈⡉⣿⢏⣙⢻⠙⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣋⣐⣛⣛⠛⣠⣿⣿⣸⣌⣼⣸⡀⢒⢸⣀⣿⣿⣟⣀⣛⣇⡛⣃⣟⣀⣚⣟⣃⣘⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣀⣿⣸⣇⠒⣲⣿⣿⣀⣦⣁⣇⡻⣃⣇⣸⣇⣇⠛⣃⣿⣿⣓⢆⣹⣸⣇⣿⣘⢟⣸⡀⢛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⡟⢟⢻⣿⣿⠟⡻⢿⠻⡛⢿⣿⡇⢼⠛⡛⣟⢙⡿⢛⢿⡟⠛⢻⣿⢻⠠⠿⠛⢿⢻⡟⢻⡟⣿⡃⣀⠟⡻⢿⠻⢻⣿⡏⣭⣍⢻⠟⡻⢿⠀⡇⡿⢛⠿⠀⢛⢿⣿⣿⠛⡛⣿⠟⡻⡟⢿⠟⣿⠻⢛⠻⡟⢛ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⠠⠍⢸⠀⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⢸⡇⣿⠸⠇⢭⠠⡇⣿⣆⠋⣼⠀⠀⠭⢠⡏⢡⡜⣰⣿⡇⣿⠸⡿⢸⠀⣿⣿⡇⣭⣵⣾⠐⡿⢸⠀⡇⡗⠬⠘⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⠨⡅⢼⠈⢠⠃⡖⠬⠙⡇⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣇⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢠⡆⢱⢰⢰⡆⣶⢸⣀⡒⣷⣾⣸⢡⡸⢁⠏⡆⠏⡸⢱⠹⡀⠇⣿⢠⡎⣒⣈⡇⣿⢰⠀⡆⣒⣸⢠⣆⣐⢺⣿⡇⣶⠌⣶⡆⡇⣶⢰⡆⡏⡿⣒⢸⡇⣶⢰⢸⢰⡦⡇⡇⣒⣸⢃⡇⣿⢸⣀⡒⣟⣻⢰⡆⢹ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣦⣦⡄⣮⣾⣮⣵⣷⣦⣧⣾⣷⣾⣶⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣮⣶⣷⣵⣾⣦⣷⣬⣾⣾⣷⣮⣾⣷⣷⣵⣶⣮⣶⣷⣿⣾⣷⣴⣷⣼⣶⣷⣿⣦⣾⣶⣴⣷⣷⣬⣶⣼⣷⣵⣾⣮⣵⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡟⢋⣤⣌⠹⣿⢿⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⠤⠟⠻⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡏⢉⣉⡉⠛⣿⠤⡇⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⠟⣡⣤⡉⢻⣿⠿⠿⣿⠟⠻⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⢾⣿⣛⠛⣿⠀⣾⠷⠒⡂⢸⡄⢿⢁⣾⠀⡆⢰⠷⠒⡂⢸⣀⠒⠶⣿⣶⣿⣿⡇⢈⣉⡁⠒⣿⠀⡇⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⠰⣿⣟⣛⢻⡷⠒⣒⢸⡆⢰⠁⠒⠂⢸⣀⠒⠶⣿⣿⣏⠀⠒⠴⡯⠀⠂⢸⣷⠈⠏⢠ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⣛⣋⣠⣿⣀⣿⣄⣛⣁⣘⣷⣀⣼⣿⣀⣇⣘⣄⣛⣁⣘⣌⣛⣁⣼⣉⣿⣿⣇⣈⣉⣁⣠⣿⣀⣇⣸⣇⣸⣿⣿⣦⣙⣛⣉⣼⣇⣛⣃⣘⣇⣘⣆⣛⣋⣽⣌⣛⣁⣼⣿⣧⣈⣋⣀⣧⣈⣡⣈⣻⡇⠀⣾ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣥⣥⡍⣭⣭⣭⡉⣭⣤⣍⢩⣭⣭⡍⣭⣭⡍⣭⡍⢩⣍⢩⡍⢻⢋⣭⠍⣭⡍⣥⡍⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⢨⣭⣤⢨⣤⣤⣍⠀⣤⡄⣭⣭⡌⣨⣭⣭⡉⣭⣭⣭⢩⣭⢩⣭⢩⣭⢉⣭⣭⣍⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣯⣽⣿⣿⡇⣿⣇⡀⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⣮⡉⠀⢸⣿⠀⣿⣇⡀⣿⡇⢸⣿⣼⡇⢸⢸⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣀⢸⣿⣸⡿⠀⣿⡇⣿⣇⡀⣿⡇⠿⠇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⢘⣛⢸⣿⣿⡟⢛⣛ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⡁⣿⡏⢩⠀⣶⠙⣿⠀⢸⣿⠀⣿⣏⡁⣿⡇⢸⡟⣿⡇⢸⢸⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⡿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣉⢸⣿⢸⣿⢀⣿⡇⣿⣏⡁⣿⡇⣶⡆⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷ ⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣇⣛⣛⣃⣙⣃⣼⣧⣙⣛⣋⣤⣘⣛⣤⣛⣛⣃⣛⣃⣘⣃⣙⣃⣼⣌⣛⣃⢛⡃⠛⠁⠛⠃⠘⠛⠀⢘⣛⣛⣘⣛⠘⠛⠙⠋⠀⠛⣛⣃⠝⢛⠋⣴⣜⣛⣰⣜⣛⣘⣛⣜⣛⣤⠙⠋⢛⣘⣛⣯⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣴⣶⣦⠁⣶⡀⣶⠀⣶⣶⡌⣴⢶⣮⢱⣶⣶⢠⣶⠈⢰⣶⣶⠈⠀⣶⡄⣶⡄⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⢠⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⣶⣶⡄⠶⢰⣶⣦⣤⠀⣶⠈⣵⢶⣯⠋⣶⣶⡌⢫⣶⣶⡄⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⢠⣶⣶⣬⠱⣦⡝⢽ ⠀⢰⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⣧⣿⠀⣿⣧⠈⢿⣮⣍⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣤⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⡇⣿⡇⠀⢠⣿⢻⡇⠭⢸⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⠀⢿⣮⣍⢀⣿⢻⡇⠸⣿⣬⡁⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⣼⣿⠀⣿⡇⣯ ⠀⠈⣿⣸⣿⠀⣿⢹⣿⠀⣿⣇⡀⣶⣘⣿⢸⣿⣀⣸⣿⣀⢸⣿⠀⣾⠀⣿⡇⣿⢹⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣇⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⢾⣷⠀⢸⣿⣸⣿⠀⣿⠀⣶⣘⣿⢸⣿⢾⣿⢰⣶⣹⡷⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⣀⣸⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⡇⣍ ⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⣄⣩⣤⣭⣤⣭⣭⣥⣭⣉⣭⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣬⣍⣤⣧⠀⠉⠁⠉⠀⠉⠁⠈⠉⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⣩⣬⣍⣐⣊⣉⣉⣉⣠⣉⡁⠍⢉⠭⢬⠭⣬⣭⣤⣭⡍⠁⠀⠉⣡⣌⣉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠈⠉⢴⣯ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣂⣿⣽⣭⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣧⣀⡀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣒⣓⣚⣖⣲⠠⠩⠭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣛⣛⣻⢿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⣶⣾⣶⣶⣤⣭⣭⣯⣥⣧⣵⣶⣶⣞⣳⣻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡤⠔⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣿⡧⠚⠖⡒⣻⣭⣭⡽⠭⠿⠟⡛⡟⡟⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⣉⢡⡄⠀⠒⠊⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣿⣯⣯⣯⣭⣵⣶⣷⣶⣂⣐⣀⣈⣁⣱⣆⢾⣶⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠦⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⣖⠦⠐⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⡇⠈⣧⣬⣭⣹⣿⣿⣏⣛⣛⢻⣿⢦⣴⡷⢿⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⠁⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠛⠉⠙⠡⠌⠀⠀⠨⠿⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢀⠀⢀⣀⣴⣤⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢠⠤⠤⢤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣾⣦⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣵⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡴⣾⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⢣⡫⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⠆⠀⠀⢸⣛⣻⣏⠩⢥⡴⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠈⡀⠈⠤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣷⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⠐⢺⣿⣿⡿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣴⣶⡏⢻⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢸⣛⣹⣄⠠⢐⡺⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣴⣶⡶⣷⣷⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⡛⠛⣯⢻⠛⠿⠛⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠊⠙⠣⡙⠂⠀⠈⠀⠆⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠯⠝⢛⣏⣴⠿⠇⠀⠀⠸⠓⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣋⣉⣉⣁⣀⣼⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢽⣶⣶⠒⠍⠑⠨⠷⣻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢠⣴⣆⣿⣤⣦⣿⣭⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣴⣦⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⡴⣶⡓⠬⠐⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠸⢹⡿⢻⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⡬⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠁⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 335 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/irc-log-090521/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/irc-log-090521/ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 343 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/melinda-sickened-by-bill/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/melinda-sickened-by-bill/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ According_to_the_Wall_Street_Journal,_Bill_Gates’s_Relationship_with_Jeffrey Epstein_Caused_the_Bill-Melinda_Divorce_(While_the_Media_Deflected_to_Dr. Stallman,_Using_a_Phony_‘Scandal’)⠀✐ Posted in Bill_Gates, Deception at 1:44 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Related: Mansion_of_Pedophilia_–_Part_II:_Dr._Stallman_Defamed_in_the_Media_One Day_After_Request_Made_for_King_County_Sheriff’s_Office_to_Divulge_Information About_Pedophilia_in_Home_of_Bill_Gates Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/gates-epstein-wsj.webm Summary: It’s becoming rather obvious that there’s real substance to accusations that Mr. Gates was in some sense enabling Jeffrey Epstein; while Gates-funded media told us that he was saving us from climate change and a pandemic (PR stunts for empathy and sympathy) Melinda worked really hard to distance herself from him, the father of her kids BACK in 2019 it was emerging that MIT had taken money from Bill Gates through his close friend, Jeffrey Epstein. But media was making a fuss over Richard Stallman, with help from Murdoch-owned sites/channels/papers (as we showed at the time). The same media that has just published this_piece. That same media now says (in the headline) that “Melinda Gates Was Meeting With Divorce Lawyers Since 2019 to End Marriage With Bill Gates” — a subject we already mentioned the other day following the news_about_the_divorce. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Bill Gates Paid MIT Through Jeffrey Epstein⦈ It certainly feels like there’s not much left to say, but the main development is mostly of a confirmatory nature. It serves to confirm what we’ve been saying for years. David Enrich wrote: “Our 2019 story about Bill Gates’s relationship with Jeffrey Epstein appears to have been a key catalyst precipitating the Bill- Melinda divorce, according to @WSJ…” And to quote: “The philanthropist had discussions with lawyers in October 2019 around when the Microsoft co-founder’s ties to Jeffrey Epstein became public…” An associate sent us two new examples from two large publishers (including New York Times) that very clearly serve to distract from this. We’re omitting links to these. The other day we saw some British tabloids doing the same thing. “An associate sent us two new examples from two large publishers (including New York Times) that very clearly serve to distract from this.”“NBC is running interference,” Ryan, wrote in #techrights some hours ago. “They had an article saying nothing unusual about the divorce because many people that age are doing it. That has not been my experience. If a marriage can last into your 50s it can usually last until one of you dies.” Maybe their best hope is that nobody will notice or only a few people will notice (or get confused, uncertain about the whole thing). For a very long time the corporate media used the typical news slant to distract from this very scandal that caused the divorce itself. Are they still doing that? What does that say about such media? Some_people_comment_on_this_in_other_languages, but will international media finally report this far and wide? We now have permanent copies of some articles [1, 2], in case the wording changes later (or the articles get completely removed). If it led to an actual divorce, then Melinda certainly knows it’s not some phony scandal but there’s something really troubling there. People in that age group don’t typically divorce (if they make it that far). Ryan notes that “calling antimaskers nudists is pretty bizarre,” referring to Gates calling people “nudists” while he himself was hanging out with Epstein. “It’s very clear that Melinda has been trying to distance herself from her own husband while the media celebrated and hailed him as if he was champion of the universe.”“Why would the media suddenly feel the “courage” to report on the Gates/Epstein connection,” Gordon asked, “2 years after the fact?” Ryan noted that “for at fault divorce, they have to have done something really bad. Like infect you with an STD, convicted of a heinous crime, tried to murder you or have you murdered, or you need to prove they were having an affair. It’s so hard to get an at fault divorce that many people who have been wronged agree to a no fault to avoid more court proceedings.” “Melinda knows what’s up,” Ryan continued, “but it would humiliate her and possibly make her open to prosecution to out him. Some jurisdictions have a “know about a crime and don’t report it is a crime” on the books.” As I note in the video, this serves to vindicate Richard Stallman in several ways, especially considering the timing or the timeline. It certainly does seem like events of the past two years (like greenwashing by Gates) were planned in the context of something a lot bigger, maybe even an impending indictment. It’s very clear that Melinda has been trying to distance herself from her own husband while the media celebrated and hailed him as if he was champion of the universe. If he’s such a genius and an international hero (like media insisted, sometimes because it was paid to print/say that), why is the wife so mortified and eager to run away from him? █ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠟⠻⠛⠛⢻⣿⠛⠻⠟⠿⠿⡟⡛⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⠿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣼⣦⣦⣤⣤⣤⣼⣽⣴⣦⣤⣤⣤⣷⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣴⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣦⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠻⠻⠟⠿⠿⠛⠿⠻⠻⠻⠿⣿⠿⠿⠻⡿⠿⠛⢻⠿⠟⠻⡟⠿⢿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠿⠟⠿⠿⢿⡟⠿⠛⠻⠿⠿⠻⢿⠟⠿⠿⠛⠟⢿⠿⠟⡿⠛⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠴⠦⠤⠆⡶⠶⠢⠶⢶⠶⠶⡶⠼⢲⠶⠶⡗⠶⢶⠾⠶⢶⠲⠷⠶⢾⠶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣥⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣄⣤⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣬⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣥⣤⣼⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⡟⠛⠿⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠧⠤⢠⠤⠤⠤⣴⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣈⣄⣠⣠⣠⣀⣀⣠⣤⣀⣠⣤⣸⣀⣤⣄⣼⣄⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠀⠁⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⠿⣿⢿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⠿⡿⢿⢿⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣀⢻⣂⣀⣰⣨⣀⣇⣀⣒⣐⣂⣀⣂⣇⣴⣈⣘⣏⣃⣀⣀⣀⣀⣇⣀⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠋⠛⠻⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⠛⠛⢻⠟⠛⠿⠻⠿⠿⡿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠟⡟⠿⠿⡟⠻⠟⠻⠿⠿⢿⠛⠻⠿⠟⠿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣤⣤⣤⣤⡼⠤⠤⠼⠦⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣴⣴⣧⣄⣼⠆⠂⠀⠠⠂⠂⠾⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 495 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/raise-the-roof/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/raise-the-roof/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Raise_the_Roof⠀✐ Posted in Humour, IBM at 4:18 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Too big to fail? Or to pay back? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇US_debt⦈_ United_States_Government_Debt (in millions) Summary: Out comes the taxpayers’ subsidy, assured; with military the_sky_is the_limit (and bailout guaranteed) Raise the roof, darling Fly high like a starling “Leverage patents”Show me the money Won’t you please, honey Buy our equipment Disregard the predicament 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Hey, You! I want a Bloody Mary! -- Arthur K. Watson⦈ Oust the communities In go indemnities Leverage patents While they open_their_presents Raise the roof, once more We’re greedy_to_the_core Nothing needs to rhyme When you’re our property 100% of the time █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Super_rich_hold_$32_trillion_in_offshore_havens⦈_ 9_years_ago ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸ ⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢸⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡅⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡅⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡅⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠭⣉⣬⣭⣭⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣽ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣫⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠣⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣷⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢋⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡃⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡃⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡃⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⢛⣛⣉⣉⣉⣉⣐⣚⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢛⣋⣥⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⣛⣛⡃⣛⣛⣭⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠁⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣄⣈⣀⣂⣨⣸⣄⣁⣙⣠⣀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣅⣠⣆⣀⣐⣴⣄⣠⣠⣀⣀⣾⣿ ⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣛⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣩⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣯⣽⣟⣻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠛⠻⠟⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣤⣤⣤⣄⢀⣤⣤⠀⢠⣤⣶⣤⡈⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢿⣿⣿⠁⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣯⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠗⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣽⣭⣍⣉⠀⣿⡏⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⡄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⢀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢻⣿⠘⣿⣿⠛⣼⡿⣸⣿⢸⣿⢱⣿⢃⣿⣟⣿⡆⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣦⡀⢸⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣭⣭⢽⠏⣾⡏⣿⡇⣿⡿⣿⡅⢠⣿⡇⢠⣿⢿⣿⡇⣿⡏⣾⡟⣸⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡋⢉⣻⣿⣿⣷⣿⢈⡿⠘⣤⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡶⠞⣸⣿⢻⣿⢸⣿⢹⣿⠁⣼⣿⠀⣼⡿⣸⣿⠸⣿⣵⡿⢃⣿⣇⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡥⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣄⡀⢂⣀⠀⠀⠈⠉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠠⠶⠶⠒⠶⠷⠤⠀⢶⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡵⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠷⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠁⠀⣸⣿⣴⡟⠁⠀⠀⣿⡏⣼⣿⢰⣿⢃⣾⣿⡇⠸⣿⡿⠟⣾⡟⣿⡇⣴⡟⣿⡷⢸⣿⣠⣿⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⢼⡿⠟⠁⣤⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⣿⣿⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣼⡟⣿⡇⢠⣿⠇⠀⠻⣿⣦⢰⣿⢣⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⠉⠉⠉⠉⣵⣶⣶⡶⢾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⡄⣸⣿⢸⣿⣠⡄⠀⢸⣿⡿⢸⣿⡟⣰⣿⢻⣿⠃⣼⡿⠀⣾⣯⣾⡟⢼⣿⣼⡟⢸⡿⢸⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠟⠁⣸⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⢤⡄⠀⠐⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⠀⠀⣤⣀⠀⠠⢿⠤⣭⠅⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠟⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣥⡇⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠉⠀⠀⠘⣿⣷⡄⠀⢀⣴⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣯ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣵⠀⣴⣶⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⡄⠈⠺⢩⡝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⡈⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⠛⠳⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⢱⡰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡇⢰⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠈⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡏⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣼⣥⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡯⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⣿⠉⢙⡏⠻⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣿⣀⣠⣇⣄⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠿⠐⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠀⠀⠈⠈⠈⡏⠀⠀⡀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢠⡈⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣤⠀⠀⢠⣄⠁⢸⠀⡇⢀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢈⠁⠘⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣤⣦⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⢹⡏⠉⢹⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⡏⣿⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠙⠉⠉⠉⡟⢩⡉⠉⠉⠉⠙⢉⠉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠏⠉⠉⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡟⠟⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠟⠻⢿⣿⠛⠿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠿⠟⣿⡟⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⡿⠻⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⡟⠛⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠿⠟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡇⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠄⠨⣿⠠⠀⠁⠄⠀⠀⠀⠄⣿⡇⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⢼⣧⠠⡄⣤⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⠀⠀⠄⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣟⠉⠛⠿⠻⠟⠿⠛⠿⠿⡟⠛⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣷⣾⣦⣶⣷⣾⣷⣤⣷⣾⣾⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍ ⡿⠛⠛⠿⠟⠛⠻⠿⠻⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⠛⠻⠻⠋⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠙⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠛⠉⢻⣿⣿ ⣏⣀⠀⢠⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣠⣼⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣤⣤⣿⣷⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣏⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⢃⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⡛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠀⣹⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⣿⣤⣤⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠃⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 654 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/rms-on-his-gnu-programs/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/rms-on-his-gnu-programs/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Richard_Stallman_on_Writing_rm,_ls,_and_cp_(Also_Working_on_Bison)⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, GNU/Linux, Interview at 5:10 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Summary: Dr. Richard Stallman, the Free Software Foundation’s founder, explains what programs he developed in the eighties 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Ogg_Theora⦈_ Direct_download_as_Ogg [00:00] (intro music) Roy: Which was the first GNU project or GNU program, officially? RMS: The first one to be released, you mean? Roy: Yeah. RMS: I believe it was GNU Emacs. There were other programs written before then but they weren’t really worth distributing. For instance, I wrote rm and ls and cp, but I didn’t [00:30] see that anyone would care about them by themselves. So I didn’t release them. Those were ways I got used to writing programs to run on UNIX and thus to be part of the system like UNIX. The first GNU program I worked on was Bison. Now, I didn’t start from zero. Bison was basically running but it didn’t have many of the features that Yacc had and for it to really do its job as a replacement for Yacc it needed [01:00] all those features. So I added those features, and some more. And I did that first because I wanted to use it to write the C front-end for our compiler. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 726 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/10/rms-replatformed-2021/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/10/rms-replatformed-2021/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Richard_Stallman_Replatformed_10_Hours_From_Now⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux at 2:15 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Related: * GNU/Linux_Founder_Richard_Stallman_to_Give_a_Talk_at_the_University_of Buckingham_Tomorrow_(Live_Stream) * Some_Background_on_the_Free_Speech_Society_at_the_University_of Buckingham,_Where_Richard_Stallman_is_Being_‘Replatformed’ * Richard_Stallman’s_Free_Software_Speech_in_2020_(FSF_Turning_35) Link_to_the_talk_(when_it_goes_live) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇RMS speech⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇RMS talk⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇RMS_stream⦈_ Click_here_to_tune_in. 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Examples of free IRC clients include: HexChat, Quassel, Irssi, and WeeChat.” ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⣆⠀⠀⣶⠀⡆⣀⣄⢐⣂⡀⡀⡠⡀⣀⣄⡤⢐⡂⡄⢀⢀⠀⢀⣤⡀⡎⠀⢰⣖⡶⢀⢀⡀⡠⡄⡆⡀⢘⢀⡠⡄⣠⣤⢰⢠⡀⠤⡀⣀⣄⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠍⠹⠆⠀⠻⠤⠃⠿⠿⠸⠇⠳⠁⠯⠅⠧⠰⠽⠺⠇⠧⣘⠏⠀⠘⠿⠣⠧⠀⠸⠧⠟⠸⠼⠇⠧⠄⠯⠷⠸⠼⠧⠇⡿⢭⠼⠸⠗⠯⠇⠿⠿⠸⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⢀⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠤⡈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠒⠀⣿⠱⡏⠳⡟⠃⠀⡙⢲⢹⢹⡆⡏⠣⡏⠳⡏⠃⡏⣷⠀⢈⠓⡆⡏⡧⣞⠁⣿⢾⠛⢹⠉⣧⠃⠀⣿⠚⡀⢻⡜⣾⠓⣿⢹⢸⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣉⣈⣉⡙⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣶⡶⠛⠁⠀⢸⠀⠃⠀⣿⣿⣟⣿⡄⡀⠀⢹⣯⣿⢸⡄⢱⢋⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠏⠉⠉⠀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣯⣀⢤⣤⠀⠘⠤⠁⠸⠉⠽⠿⠿⠁⠈⠀⠀⠛⠙⢃⠃⠀⠈⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣦⡀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠦⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠓⠯⠝⠻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠦⡠⠀⠘⣷⣶⣴⣽⡞⡂⠀⠀⠀⡝⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⡄⢸⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣉⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⠤⠀⠉⠀⠰⠻⠿⠿⡟⠣⠅⠀⠀⠀⢘⠂⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⢸⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⡟⢟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡿⠻⢟⠿⠿⢛⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⠻⡿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⡂⢀⣀⡀⡅⣄⡰⣀⣐⣀⢀⡁⠁⣿⣆⣆⣇⢀⠐⠃⢲⣐⡆⡻⡀⢰⣀⣰⡲⡯⣈⣃⣸⡅⠇⣘⢀⢀⡘⠐⢀⠱⣰⣙⡃⣸⣐⣰⣰⢢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⠟⢛⠛⠟⠿⢿⢿⡏⠙⠛⠻⠛⢿⠋⠛⠻⠉⠛⠟⠻⠛⠟⠛⠟⣟⠋⠙⠟⠻⠯⠉⠟⠟⣿⠛⡟⠹⠛⠟⢻⠛⡟⢻⡿⠻⠋⡟⠉⠛⠛⠟⠻⠋⠝⠛⠛⠻⡟⡙⠻⣋⠋⠛⣿⠛⢻⡏⢙⠟⠟⠛⢻⠛⣿⢛⢻ ⣿⢸⣷⣬⣔⣠⣤⣴⣼⣧⣦⣃⣔⣤⣻⣨⣄⣴⣰⣤⣴⣤⣀⣜⣄⣤⣖⣮⣤⣤⣔⣺⣿⣬⣦⣄⣸⣥⣴⣤⣄⣥⣨⣇⣧⣱⣅⣠⣤⣯⣼⣠⣦⣔⣥⣢⣤⣡⣷⣷⣢⣭⣷⣴⣤⣧⣤⣿⣧⣄⣌⣤⣴⣗⣤⣃⣰⣽ ⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⡇⠆⣉⢹⡇⡁⠈⠉⡘⣽⡆⢮⠆⡿⣿⠀⡇⢁⠧⠸⡎⠁⠁⠺⢸⡯⢱⢉⠋⠉⡻⠉⢙⢨⡉⠉⡍⡍⠈⡅⠅⢸⠇⠍⢹⠀⠩⡭⡌⢼⢩⡇⠁⡍⠉⠘⡃⠝⢉⠁⡝⡉⠉⢉⠉⢉⠨⢈⣫⠨⡁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⡍⠉⢻⠛⣻⠻⣭⠙⡎⡛⢙⡟⢻⠙⡛⣿⠉⢃⠛⠝⠫⠟⠉⢚⠻⠑⠞⠓⣫⠘⡓⠋⠩⡋⢛⡋⠛⠏⡣⢛⣿⠛⡋⡛⠻⢙⠉⠙⢪⢛⢼⠓⢏⢺⡏⢹⠛⠛⢁⢛⡏⡉⠙⣱⡋⡧⠛⠘⡅⢉⣵⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣧⣴⣤⣦⣤⣶⣥⣬⡇⢸⣼⣦⣤⣮⣥⣾⣾⣬⣤⣤⣬⣧⣤⣠⣴⣤⣦⣴⣼⣼⣼⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣦⣦⣄⠾⣼⣤⣶⣤⣬⣼⣤⣧⣵⢀⣼⣦⣴⣼⣧⣿⣄⣴⣾⣼⣦⣤⣬⣬⣧⣤⣼⣥⣦⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣣⠀⢌⠹⢹⡫⠅⠘⢡⢉⡍⡁⠃⠨⠅⠬⢈⣽⠨⢨⠉⠉⡏⠈⠨⠠⠉⠈⠸⠍⡍⡾⠈⠉⠹⠈⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢟ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⡎⣯⢉⡛⡟⣿⣭⣛⢻⢹⢸⢸⡝⡹⡍⡝⡏⡝⣟⡿⣿⡍⡇⡏⡏⣹⣿⢰⣝⡍⡏⡏⡏⡝⡏⠽⢟⢹⢸⢸⢻⢹⢩⢻⣟⡍⡇⣿⡷⢸⡏⣝⢉⡏⣝⢫⢸⢹⢻⢩⠏⣿⡇⡏⡏⣿⣧⢳⢹⢻⠩⢯⢩⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⡟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣽⣽⣼⣦⣧⣧⣇⣧⣧⣼⣿⣧⣧⣧⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣼⣸⣏⣝⣿⣇⣟⣸⣿⣋⣇⣻⣓⣇⣿⣿⣿⣳⣻⣃⣽⡌⣯⣹⣏⣿⣺⣗⣽⣸⣸⣯⣽⣻⣿⣸⣟⣺⣇⣸⣇⣿⣍⣿⣹⣇⣿⣸⣼⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⣿⣧⣶⣧⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣿⣤⣾⣿⣷⣿⣵⣵⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣥⣤⣧⣴⣼⣽⣿⣿⣤⣴⣧⣦⣿⣿⣷⣿⣤⣼⣿⣥⣼⣧⣽⣿⣷⣤⣬⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 875 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_10/5/2021:_SystemRescueCD_8.03,_KeePass_2.48_Released⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 12:13 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_I_Think_Flutter_Doesn’t_Deserve_a_Place_on_the_Linux Desktop⠀⇛ When Google announced that they were bringing their Flutter UI Toolkit to Linux, there were a lot of mixed reactions. Some thought this would revolutionize desktop Linux, others thought it would increase reliance on Google. But with the amount of fragmentation between different Linux projects (especially when it comes to the UI), do we really want or need another UI Toolkit? o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Josh_Bressers:_Episode_270_–_Hello_dark_patterns_my_old friend⠀⇛ Josh and Kurt talk about dark patterns. A dark pattern is when a service tries to confuse a user into doing something they don’t want to, like unknowingly purchasing a monthly subscription to something you don’t need or want. The US Federal Trade Commission is starting to discuss dark patterns in webs sites and apps. # ⚓ Linux_Action_News_188⠀⇛ We start you off with the headlines that matter this week, then share our thoughts on Audacity’s new owners proposing user tracking. # ⚓ Arch_Linux_ISO_Comes_With_A_Screen_Reader?!?⠀⇛ Back in November the Arch team added a bunch of accessibility features into the Arch ISO to make it so it would be even remotely possible for someone who needs a screen reader to actually install Arch Linux with the vanilla ISO. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_5.10_LTS_Will_Be_Maintained_Through_End_Of_Year_2026 –_Phoronix⠀⇛ Linux 5.10 as the latest Long Term Support release when announced was only going to be maintained until the end of 2022 but following enough companies stepping up to help with testing, Linux 5.10 LTS will now be maintained until the end of year 2026. Linux 5.10 LTS was originally just going to be maintained until the end of next year while prior kernels like Linux 5.4 LTS are being maintained until 2024 or even Linux 4.19 LTS and 4.14 LTS going into 2024. Linux 5.10 LTS was short to begin with due to the limited number of developers/ organizations helping to test new point release candidates and/or committing resources to using this kernel LTS series. But now there are enough participants committing to it that Greg Kroah- Hartman confirmed he along with Sasha Levin will maintain the kernel through December 2026. # ⚓ Oracle_Continues_Working_On_The_Maple_Tree_For_The_Linux Kernel⠀⇛ Oracle engineers have continued working on the “Maple Tree” data structure for the Linux kernel as an RCU-safe, range-based B-tree designed to make efficient use of modern processor caches. Sent out last year was the RFC patch series of Maple Tree for the Linux kernel to introduce this new data structure and make initial use of it. Sent out last week was the latest 94 patches in a post- RFC state for introducing this data structure. # ⚓ Linux_5.13_Brings_Simplified_Retpolines_Handling_– Phoronix⠀⇛ In addition to work like Linux 5.13 addressing some network overhead caused by Retpolines, this next kernel’s return trampoline implementation itself is seeing a simplification. Merged as part of x86/core last week for the Linux 5.13 kernel were enabling PPIN support for Xeon Sapphire Rapids, KProbes improvements, and other minor changes plus simplifying the Retpolines implementation used by some CPUs as part of the Spectre V2 mitigations. The x86/core pull request for Linux 5.13 also re-sorts and better documents Intel’s increasingly long list of different CPU cores/models. # ⚓ Linux_5.13_Adds_Support_For_SPI_NOR_One-Time_Programmable Memory_Regions_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The Linux 5.13 kernel has initial support for dealing with SPI one-time programmable (OTP) flash memory regions. Linux 5.13 adds the new MTD OTP functions for accessing SPI one-time programmable data. The OTP are memory regions intended to be programmed once and can be used for permanent secure identification, immutable properties, and similar purposes. In addition to adding the core infrastructure support for OTP to the MTD SPI-NOR code in Linux 5.13, the functionality is wired up for Winbond and similar flash memory chips. The MTD subsystem has already supported OTP areas but not for SPI-NOR flash memory. # ⚓ Linus_Torvalds_Announces_First_Linux_Kernel_5.13_Release Candidate⠀⇛ It’s time to get busy again and test the next major Linux kernel branch, Linux 5.13, which had a fairly big merge window, according to Linus Torvalds. However, it looks like things have proceeded fairly smoothly and the first Release Candidate is now ready for public testing. Once again, the biggest changes in Linux kernel 5.13 appear to be made around the AMD GPU open- source graphics driver for AMD Radeon GPUs, which received a “huge dump” of descriptor header files, but there’s a lot more to look for in the upcoming Linux kernel release compared to Linux kernel 5.12. # ⚓ Download_The_First_Linux_Kernel_5.13_Release_Candidate: Linus_Torvalds⠀⇛ For your information, merge window for the Linux Kernel 5.13 is closed and the first RC version is now available for the download. Yes, you can download the first Linux Kernel 5.13 release candidate. # ⚓ Linux_5.13-rc1_Released_Following_“A_Fairly_Big_Merge Window”⠀⇛ Linus Torvalds just issued Linux 5.13-rc1 as a Mother’s Day kernel test release that also marks the closure of the merge window for the cycle. Torvalds wrote in the announcement about the size of this merge window, “This was – as expected – a fairly big merge window, but things seem to have proceeded fairly smoothly. Famous last words. There’s a lot in there, although the diffstat looks pretty skewed – once again due to some amdgpu header files…The shortlog would be even bigger than usual, with 1800+ developers and 14k+ non-merge commits (over 15k commits counting merges).” # ⚓ Kernel_prepatch_5.13-rc1⠀⇛ The first 5.13 kernel prepatch is out for testing, and the merge window is closed for this development cycle. “This was – as expected – a fairly big merge window, but things seem to have proceeded fairly smoothly. Famous last words.” In the end, 14,231 non-merge changesets were pulled into the mainline during the merge window — more than were seen during the entire 5.12 cycle. # ⚓ Linux_5.13-rc1⠀⇛ So two weeks are over, and the merge window is closed. This was - as expected - a fairly big merge window, but things seem to have proceeded fairly smoothly. Famous last words. There's a lot in there, although the diffstat looks pretty skewed - once again due to some amdgpu header files. Those things are huge, and autogenerated from hardware descriptions, and the end result is that they often end up overshadowing all the other changes if you only look at the diffs. In fact, over a third of the diff for 5.13-rc1 is just from those kinds of header files. So ignore that part if you want to look at what changed. That will still show driver changes at 60% of the diff, which is all normal. It's all over the place, although gpu and networking stands out (yes, the gpu updates are noticeable even when ignoring the amd header files). Outside of drivers, it's a bit of everything: arch updates (arm, x86 and powerpc dominate), documentation (devicetree bindings dominate - I'm not sure it should count as documentation, but there's also a fair amount of translation work), tooling, and obviously all the expected core kernel stuff: filesystems, process handling, VM and core networking. The shortlog would be even bigger than usual, with 1800+ developers and 14k+ non-merge commits (over 15k commits counting merges). So appended is my usual rc1 "merge shortlog". And as always, this credits the people I merge from - if you want to see details about authorship and exact commits, you will need to go to the git tree itself. The merge log is obviously woefully inadequate, with the diffstat summary kind of showing why: 12015 files changed, 631309 insertions(+), 246239 deletions(-) it really is a fair amount of stuff, all over the place. Go test, Linus # ⚓ Linus_Torvalds_Weighs_in_on_Commercial_Users_of_Open_Source Code⠀⇛ This week Linus Torvalds continued a long email interview with Jeremy Andrews, founding partner/CEO of Tag1 (a global technology consulting firm and the second all-time leading contributor to Drupal). In the first part Torvalds had discussed everything from Apple’s ARM64 chips and Rust drivers, to his own Fedora-based home work environment — and reflections on the early days of Linux. # ⚓ Linux_5.13_Features_From_Apple_M1_To_New_GPU_Support, Security_Additions⠀⇛ Following the two week merge window, feature development on the Linux 5.13 kernel is slated to end today with the release of Linux 5.13-rc1. Here is a look at some of the most interesting new features and improvements for this kernel that in turn should debut as stable around the end of June. Arguably most notable with Linux 5.13 is the introduction of basic Apple M1 SoC/platform support. But there are also many other exciting updates coming with Linux 5.13 like preliminary Intel Alder Lake S graphics support, AMDGPU FreeSync/Adaptive-Sync HDMI support, AMD Aldebaran accelerator support, a generic USB display driver for interesting innovative use-cases, Amazon Luna Game Controller support, a new Intel cooling driver to help with overheating issues, the Landlock security module was finally mainlined, Clang CFI is now available, and other security improvements as well as plenty of other new hardware support. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ KeePass_2.48_Released_with_KDBX_4.1_File_Format_Support_ [Ubuntu_PPA]⠀⇛ KeePass password manager released version 2.48 a few days ago. Here’s how to install it in Ubuntu 21.04, Ubuntu 20.04, Ubuntu 18.04 via PPA. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Norbert_Preining:_bash:_passing_around_arguments_with quotes⠀⇛ It has hit me several times, and searching the internet gives lots of suggestions: How to pass and argument containing quotes to another program from a bash program. # ⚓ Russell_Coker:_More_EVM⠀⇛ This is another post about EVM/IMA which has it’s main purpose providing useful web search results for problems. However if reading it on a planet feed inspires someone to play with EVM/IMA then that’s good too, it’s interesting technology. # ⚓ Reader’s_Article_–_Proxmox_VE:_All-rounder_with_virtual gaming_ambitions?⠀⇛ First of all, what is that actually? PCI passthrough describes the process of passing PCI (e) components directly to a virtual machine. This makes it part of the VM and also directly recognizes it as hardware. In the standard, the function is not configured in the Debian substructure of Proxmox. Proxmox also reports this when we want to give a VM a PCI device. # ⚓ Adam_Young:_Unmounting_inside_a_container⠀⇛ We do RPM things. Some of those RPM things need the /proc file system. Not forever, but for a short while. So we mount /proc, do something, and unmount. Which works fine. Until we tried to do it in a container. # ⚓ How_to_Use_sudo_Commands_Without_Password_in_Linux⠀⇛ The sudo command in Linux allows users to run certain commands as another user, preferably as root. Having sudo access allows regular users to perform tasks that otherwise require elevated permissions. However, sudo requires users to enter their passwords for every new session. This can prove cumbersome for regular tasks like system maintenance. Luckily, you can easily use the sudo command without passwords. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Gradle_on_AlmaLinux_8_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Gradle on AlmaLinux 8. For those of you who didn’t know, Gradle is a free and open-source tool that is useful to build, automate, and deliver software. It is mainly useful for Java, C++, and other Swift projects. Gradle combines the best features of Ant as well as Maven. Also, Gradle uses Groovy, a dynamic, and object-oriented programming language for the Java platform. It helps to define the project and build the scripts. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of Gradle on an AlmaLinux 8. # ⚓ How_to_install_Gimp_3_Beta_on_Deepin_20.2⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at how to install Gimp 3 Beta on Deepin 20.2. # ⚓ How_to_install_Funkin’_with_Hex,_Dalia,_and_Ena!_on_a Chromebook⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install Funkin’ with Hex, Dalia, and Ena! on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ Hans_de_Goede:_Changing_hidden/locked_BIOS_settings_under Linux⠀⇛ This all started with a Mele PCG09 before testing Linux on this I took a quick look under Windows and the device-manager there showed an exclamation mark next to a Realtek 8723BS bluetooth device, so BT did not work. Under Linux I quickly found out why, the device actually uses a Broadcom Wifi/BT chipset attached over SDIO/an UART for the Wifi resp. BT parts. The UART connected BT part was described in the ACPI tables with a HID (Hardware-ID) of “OBDA8723″, not good. Now I could have easily fixed this with an extra initrd with DSDT-overrride but that did not feel right. There was an option in the BIOS which actually controls what HID gets advertised for the Wifi/BT named “WIFI” which was set to “RTL8723″ which obviously is wrong, but that option was grayed out. So instead of going for the DSDT- override I really want to be able to change that BIOS option and set it to the right value. Some duckduckgo-ing found this blogpost on changing locked BIOS settings. # ⚓ Test_Day:2021-05-09_Kernel_5.12.2_on_Fedora_34⠀⇛ All logs report PASSED for each test done and uploaded as prompted at instruction page. # ⚓ James_Hunt:_Can_you_handle_an_argument?⠀⇛ This post explores some of the darker corners of command-line parsing that some may be unaware of. [...] No, I’m not questioning your debating skills, I’m referring to parsing command-lines! Parsing command-line option is something most programmers need to deal with at some point. Every language of note provides some sort of facility for handling command-line options. All a programmer needs to do is skim read the docs or grab the sample code, tweak to taste, et voila! But is it that simple? Do you really understand what is going on? I would suggest that most programmers really don’t think that much about it. Handling the parsing of command-line options is just something you bolt on to your codebase. And then you move onto the more interesting stuff. Yes, it really does tend to be that easy and everything just works… most of the time. Most? I hit an interesting issue recently which expanded in scope somewhat. It might raise an eyebrow for some or be a minor bomb-shell for others. # ⚓ 10_Very_Stupid_Linux_Commands_[_Some_Of_Them_Deadly_]⠀⇛ If you are reading this page then you are like all of us a Linux fan, also you are using the command line every day and absolutely love Linux. But even in love and marriage there are things that make you just a little bit annoyed. Here in this article we are going to show you some of the most stupid Linux commands that a person can find. o § Wine or Emulation⠀➾ # ⚓ Wine_6.8_Is_Released_With_35_Bug-Fixes⠀⇛ Wine lets GNU/Linux users run a lot of Windows software at near-native speeds, but there’s still a very long way to go until you can open any random piece of Windows software in Wine and expect it to “just work”. Wine 6.8 is another development release with small steps towards full Windows compatibility. Wine 6.8 has 18 commits to the wined3d DirectX to OpenGL translation layer, support for the map object in JavaScript applications implemented by Jacek Caban, 35 commits to the widely used ntdll library, a new implementation for msv1_0 written by Hans Leidekker and 35 code commits to the user32 library mostly contributed by Rémi Bernon. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Grab_a_coffee_for_the_Sunday_Section_and_tell_us_what you’ve_been_playing⠀⇛ For today’s Sunday Section we’re going over a few missed bits and pieces for Linux, open source and gaming topics while also asking you that all important question. Firstly, Steam has a fresh Steam Client Beta up! Well, there’s actually been a few recently but one in particular released on April 26 caught my eye. Valve has upgraded the video decoder on all platforms, with Linux now using VA-API 0.2 for optional hardware decode functionality. So those of you with an AMD GPU should see a nicer experience for Remote Play. # ⚓ GNU_Chess_6.2.8_Is_Released_–_LinuxReviews⠀⇛ Antonio Ceballos from the GNU Chess engine team is “glad” to announce a new GNU Chess release with “Bug fixes mainly in the input processing”. That’s the entirety of the changelog since version 6.2.7 was released almost one year ago. The GNU Chess engine has been around since 1984. It has grown smart during it’s years, and you may find that you will have a very hard time beating it. [...] There may not be much else to change to a chess engine that’s been around for 37 years. GNU Chess was originally written by Stuart Cracraft in collaboration with Richard Stallman in 1984. Though.. the modern version isn’t related to that version. GNU Chess was re-written by John Stanback before the 2.x series and it was again changed to use a completely new chess engine, based on the Cobalt chess engine written by Chua Kong-Sian, when GNU Chess 5 was released. And that wasn’t the end of it, the current GNU Chess 6.x series using a completely different chess engine based on Fabien Letouzey’s Fruit engine (Fruit 2.1 to be specific). The first version using the Fruit-based engine, GNU Chess 6.0, was released on April 26th, 2011. That’s nearly a decade ago, so there may not be any need to do more with GNU Chess 6.x beyond “Bug fixes mainly in the input processing” at point. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ KDE_Connect’s_Android_App_Gets_a_Mini_Makeover⠀⇛ While the changes don’t drastically alter the KDE Connect Android app’s capabilities — earlier incarnations were perfectly functional — the redo does help bring the app a bit closer to modern design sensibilities used on the Android platform. # ⚓ Review_of_the_first_Kdenlive_video_café⠀⇛ About 30 participants joined the first Kdenlive video café last Tuesday, the 4th of May 2021! We had a nice meeting of about 2,5 hours with inspiring discussions. We got a great feedback and we are already having plans to reintroduce community meetings more frequently… Several people asked for a recording of the meeting e.g. because the were not able to join (the whole time), but we feared that this might have destroyed the informal atmosphere where people dared to speak freely. [...] Jean-Baptiste is currently working on a refactoring of the jobmanager to fix some major performance issues. A few days ago version 7 of Kdenlives media backend MLT has been release and we already made some steps to support the new version. MLT7 supports time remapping and we want to add this high requested feature soon. Two other features we are going to work on are multiple timelines and advanced trimming tools. During the past releases we had good experience with 1-2 big new features per release and beside that work on polishing and bug fixing. # ⚓ KDE_Plasma_Wayland_–_a_week_in_FreeBSD⠀⇛ If you watched enough of the Muppet Show long ago, like I did, then “the continuing stooory, of a cat .. who has gone to the dogs” should trigger Pigs in Space memories. Like a good(?) soap opera, Wayland on FreeBSD just keeps giving material for a new episode, so let’s take a look at recent changes. # ⚓ Kate_21.04_in_the_Windows_Store [Ed: Based on these numbers, not many people use Windows anymore and it would be better to focus on GNU/Linux if you're a Free software developer, don't bother with Microsoft and DRM]⠀⇛ KDE Gear 21.04 was released some weeks ago. If you use some distribution like e.g. the rolling release Arch Linux (or Arch derivates like Manjaro), you might already have updated to Kate from that release. As show in the 21.04 pre-release post, Kate 21.04 really has some nifty new features and improvements on all fronts over 20.12. o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ [Older]_OpenIndiana_Hipster_2021.04_released_–_OSnews⠀⇛ The major changes are new versions of Firefox and Thunderbird, multiple NVIDIA drivers to choose from, and a lot more. For those unaware, OpenIndiana is a distribution of illumos, which in turn is the continuation of the last open source Solaris version before Oracle did what it does best and messed everything up. # ⚓ Boot_Vector⠀⇛ But in the 1990s, as Linux was first emerging as a potential operating system with mainstream appeal, the options weren’t necessarily so easy to grasp, which meant that you had to put it on a disk drive before you could actually use it. But doing so in a way that wasn’t destructive went over the heads of new users. And given that Windows already gave users enough heartache, if Linux was going to win over a large audience, it was going to have to be presented in a way that a regular person could try without the risk of breaking anything. There was just one problem: The technology wasn’t yet ready. The original alpha of Yggdrasil Linux/ GNU/X, considered the first Live CD built expressly for Linux, released well before the term “Live CD” was even in use, required 8 megabytes of RAM, at a time when that much RAM was not necessarily common in mainstream computers. (The final release, still downloadable today, lowered the number to 4MB of RAM.) While a landmark of sorts today, Yggdrasil quickly faded from view, and that meant that others would be left to try again. The passage of time was a useful thing, however. In 2000, the Pentium III was common, and the Pentium 4 had just been released. The CD-ROM drive, long having gotten past the caddy, had reached speeds of as high as 52X, whirring along at more than 6,000 revolutions per minute, to draw read speeds above 6 megabytes per second. (By comparison, the average SATA SSD maxes out at 600 megabytes per second; a modern high-end hard drive can hit maybe a third of that speed.) And DVD-ROMs, which started at 1.25 megabytes per second in speed (nearly 10 times that of a 1X CD-ROMs) were becoming mainstream by this point, and could hold significantly more data, to boot. But then, there was the portability factor—how were we going to get these live CDs out to lots of people? If you ever went to a Barnes & Noble and picked up a Linux magazine off the rack, you know the answer already—the live CD distros that were often distributed with magazines! But that didn’t necessarily make itself clear at first. # § Reviews⠀➾ # ⚓ Review:_JingOS_0.8_and_Tribblix⠀⇛ One of the most recent additions to the DistroWatch database is JingOS, an Ubuntu- based Linux distribution for tablet computers. The project aims to run both GNU/ Linux and Android applications via a graphical user interface which is designed to work in a familiar way on touch screens. While early versions of JingOS were developed for ARM-based devices, JingOS 0.8 is the project’s first version to run on x86 processors. The JingOS project requires that people register their e-mail address to obtain the project’s free download. A download link is then sent to our e-mail address. When I downloaded an earlier version of JingOS (version 0.6) the download link was for the distribution’s ISO file directly. When I downloaded version 0.8 I was given a link to the project’s torrent file. At first my torrent download only had two seeders with an average download speed of 20kB/s. This eventually rose to eight seeders at 400kB/s, which is unusually slow compared to most free mirrors available these days. The ISO file’s total size is 2.4GB so the download took over two hours. Booting from the distribution’s install media causes the system to start with a self-check of the media. This check can be skipped by pressing Ctrl+C. The screen then goes entirely black for a while. After a few minutes I started testing keyboard input without any response. The only thing I could do was to switch between terminals using the Ctrl+Alt+Function keys. I found the first terminal remained blank, the second terminal showed a colourful background and a clock displaying UTC time. Terminals three through six all displayed a console login prompt. The login prompts identify the distribution as KDE neon’s Unstable Edition. # § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ SystemRescueCD_8.03_Released,_Brings_The_Latest GParted_1.3.0⠀⇛ SystemRescueCD is an Arch Linux-based system on a bootable CD-ROM or USB drive, designed for repairing a system and data after a crash. The primary purpose of SystemRescue (also known as SystemRescueCd) is to repair unbootable or otherwise damaged computer systems after a system crash. It aims to provide an easy way to carry out admin tasks on your computer, such as creating and editing the hard disk partitions. The most recent version for this operating system SystemRescueCd 8.03 is out now. # ⚓ Freespire_7.5_released⠀⇛ Today we’re releasing Freespire 7.5. While incremental, it does incorporate some important OS fixes to version 7.0 which we will detail. Freespire, for those not in the know, is the open source equivalent of Linspire and Xandros, but with strictly libre / open source components. There are no proprietary code or codecs included with Freespire; the team tries to adhere as closely as possible the definition of free software. # ⚓ Linux_Weekly_Roundup_#129⠀⇛ Welcome to this week’s Linux Weekly Roundup. We hope that you are doing well. This week we had only a few new Linux distro releases, but good ones! Manjaro 21.0.4, Bluestar Linux 5.12.1, Freespire 7.5. # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Armbian_21.05_Released_with_Support_for_Linux_Kernel 5.11,_Orange_Pi_R1_Plus⠀⇛ More than three months in the works, Armbian 21.05 is here as a worthy upgrade to version 21.02 with support for the Linux 5.11 kernel series, support for the Orange Pi R1 Plus open-source single-board computer, improved NVIDIA Jetson Nano support, as well as improved support for the Desktop images. Yes, that’s right, Armbian can also run on desktop computers powered by ARM processors, such as PINE64’s Pinebook Pro laptop, not only embedded devices or Linux phones. The Armbian team did a great job improving desktop support by adding additional desktop configurations for use with their new framework and implemented a Jira-based checklist for testing the Desktop images. # ⚓ Ben_Hutchings:_Debian_LTS_work,_April_2021⠀⇛ In April I was assigned 16 hours of work by Freexian’s Debian LTS initiative and carried over 2.5 hours from earlier months. I worked 14 hours and will carry over the remainder. I spent a long time trying to verify that the futex issue in was now properly fixed in Linux 4.9, and reviewing the merge of these changes with the real-time (PREEMPT_RT) kernel patchset. Unfortunately this work is not complete and I did not make another upload this month. # ⚓ EasyOS:_Wallpaper_corruption_hopefully_fixed_in containers⠀⇛ The problem reported was for XenialPup. Also getting it with Racy. XenialPup is x86_64, Racy is i686, so that is not a cause. Not getting the corruption with the newer pups and EasyOS. Note, the tray that you see on the desktop is created by JWM, the window manager. The desktop icons and wallpaper are created by ROX-Filer, what is called the “pinboard”. So ROX-Filer is not just a file manager, it is also responsible for part of what you see on the desktop. When a pup or Easy desktop is launched in a container, JWM is started first, then ROX- Filer. Rox creates the desktop icons OK, but sometimes scrambles the wallpaper, even overwriting the desktop icons, with multiple reproductions of the icons. There is a file, /root/Choices/ROX-Filer/ PuppyPin, which may be located elsewhere in some pups, that defines the desktop icons and the wallpaper. It is an XML file, with tag for the wallpaper. If that tag is removed from PuppyPin, all is well, the desktop is fine in the container, desktop icons display, with a blank white background. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ postmarketOS_v21.03_service_pack_1_release⠀⇛ The first service pack for the current stable branch has been released, v21.03.1. Services packs bring improvements from the edge channel of postmarketOS to the stable release after they have been thoroughly tested. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ How_I_use_temporary_keybindings_for_spellcheck_in Neovim⠀⇛ I use spellcheck in Neovim all the time. It’s my only editor and I use it for everything, even when I input text on the web via my web browser qutebrowser. Unfortunately I couldn’t find any natural keys to bind the spellcheck commands to. # ⚓ My_keyboard_–_May_2021⠀⇛ Plain60-B is a rather simple and affordable PCB that’s designed to support as little layouts as possible without limiting usability for most users. It doesn’t even feature LEDs or underglow. It supports both the VIA and the QMK firmware. And as a creature of habit, I went with QMK as always. If you want to read about my layout, check out my post about my custom keyboard layout. The post is about two years old, so I might do an update on that soon. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Google’s_Entertainment_Space_makes_Android_tablets look_like_Google_TV_–_The_Verge⠀⇛ # ⚓ PUBG_Mobile_Lite_0.21.0_version_update_for_Android: APK_download_link_for_global_users⠀⇛ # ⚓ [Opinion]_Smart_trackers_market_for_Android_users_is about_to_get_messy⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_Gaming_Headlines:_Tom_Clancy’s_The_Division, Rocket_League_Mobile,_PUBG_Mobile_India,_and_More_– Droid_Gamers⠀⇛ # ⚓ 8_new_Android_games_from_the_last_week:_The_best, worst,_and_everything_in_between_(5/3/21_–_5/9/21)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Oculus_Quest_2_could_get_Android_apps_—_what_we_know |_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_OPPO_Find_X3_Pro_will_get_Android_13_as_well_as 12_–_NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Silence_Your_Android_Phone_While_Charging⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Needed_Free_and_Open_Source_Medicine⠀⇛ So, what could be the solution? This reminds one of a similar situation in computer software when hardware prices dropped like a stone in water but software costs rose like a helium balloon and became the dominant part of the cost for anyone wishing to use a computer. This was made possible by converting software into a product which offers only the right to use, as opposed to the prevailing practice of allowing the users to do whatever they want with it, as was done in the Unix world before software became proprietary. Thus was born Free Software, launched by a prominent hacker of the time at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mr. Richard M. Stallman under the project he called GNU’s Not Unix (with the recursive acronym GNU). This is software that gives users the freedom to use, share, study and modify. With those rights, the software became freely downloadable at zero cost, enabling anyone to use even an old computer, and thus making it accessible to virtually anyone. Today the software has grown to be the dominant one among all computing devices. Can this be a model for medicine too? Yes, indeed. It can. In fact, there are medical systems other than modern medicine that practised this kind of openness. All traditional medical systems were open, as the concept of the ownership of knowledge, such as copyright and patent laws came only very recently. In fact, the first copyright law was enacted only in 1710 by Queen Anne of England and was known as the Statute of Anne. It was actually meant to prevent publishers from controlling the printing and sales of books to benefit only themselves. The statute sought to benefit the authors in order to encourage them to write more for the good of society. That it eventually got to be controlled by publishers is another story altogether. The point is that, before all that happened, all knowledge was free (well, almost1), and everyone could learn whatever they wanted. Thus, medicines were often prescribed not by just a name, but by giving the recipe to prepare them. This continues to be the custom in systems like Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani systems of medicine developed in India and the Arab world and the Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM2). But these medical systems may not be acceptable to many who are looking for scientific validation. This, unfortunately, is a drawback of these systems that were created millennia before modern science was born. But it could be easily recified if some researchers in the medical field are open-minded enough to do experiments to validate their medicines and treatment protocols, which have many pieces of anecdotal evidence of success. Alternatively, the government of India could direct its own Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) to validate Ayurvedic, Siddha or Unani treatment protocols using modern scientific methods. # § Events⠀➾ # ⚓ Daniel_Stenberg:_curl_up_2021⠀⇛ We had five presentations done, all prerecorded and made available before the event. At the Sunday afternoon we gathered to discuss the presentations and everything around those topics. # § Funding⠀➾ # ⚓ China_Is_Launching_A_New_Alternative_To_Google_Summer of_Code,_Outreachy⠀⇛ The Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISCAS) in cooperation with the Chinese openEuler Linux distribution have been working on their own project akin to Google Summer of Code and Outreachy for paying university-aged students to become involved in open-source software development. “Summer 2021″ as the initiative is simply called or “Summer 2021 of Open Source Promotion Plan” is providing university-aged students around the world funding by the Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences to work on community open-source projects. It’s just like Google Summer of Code but with offering different funding levels based upon the complexity of the project — funding options are 12000 RMB, 9000 RMB, or 6000 RMB. That’s roughly $932 to $1,865 USD for students to devote their summer to working on open-source. There are not any gender/ nationality restrictions with this initative but students must be at least eighteen years old. # ⚓ Summer_2021_of_Open_Source_Promotion_Plan_is_China’s alternative_to_Google_Summer_of_Code_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ There’s only one specific requirement to be able to apply: be at least 18 years old at the time of registration. Selected students will be paid according to the complexity of the project with 12000 RMB ($1,867), 9000 RMB ($1,400), or 6000 RMB ($933) “bonuses” to be distributed at the end of the project. Other stakeholders include the communities and mentors. A community provides a list and description of the project, and arranges for a mentor to communicate the program with the applicant and select one of the applicants to undertake the project during an up to three- month development period. o § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ # ⚓ Blind_people,_advocates_slam_company_claiming_to_make websites_ADA_compliant⠀⇛ In recent months, blind people and disability advocates have been speaking out on social media and suing companies that use AccessiBe. Blind people say AccessiBe, which is supposed to automatically make websites more compatible with the screen readers blind people rely on to access the internet, has prevented them from all sorts of normal activities online, like paying rent, teaching a class or buying Christmas gifts. AccessiBe is the largest automated accessibility company on the market, according to Lucy Greco, who is blind and the head of web accessibility at the University of California, Berkeley. The situation has gotten so bad that in the past two months more than 400 blind people, accessibility advocates and software developers signed an open letter calling on companies that use automated services, like AccessiBe and other companies with similar products, to stop. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ “Finland_is_at_the_forefront_of_innovation”:_the_Indian- origin_scientist_managing_the_construction_of_Finland’s_first quantum_computer⠀⇛ Announced at the tail-end of 2020, the construction of Finland’s first-ever quantum computer is now fully underway. The project is a public-private collaboration, with € 20.7 million in funding from The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment having been granted to the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and their co-innovation partner IQM. The mammoth project, currently underway at the Micronova research facility jointly owned by VTT and Aalto University, aims to put Finland at the forefront of an emerging technology that has powerful implications for AI, defence technology, transport infrastructure, and more. While the project has been billed as a Finnish success story, one aspect that can be easily overlooked is the diverse and international team behind it. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ A_Uniquely_Mexican_Quarantine⠀⇛ For many of us during this pandemic, our own values, needs, and safety became glaringly apparent. Our entire human connections transformed to the point that some relationships ended while others emerged as responses to our needs. In essence, Covid-19 brings us face to face with our personal AS political lives and Fernandez interrogates the idea of the personal is political in Checkpoint Zipolite: Quarantine in a Small Place. At once a witty, interrogative, and nostalgic memoir, the reader finds an astute and humane documentation of atrocious sites of injustice in impeccable journalistic fashion. Fernandez makes no secret of her disdain of the nation she spent her childhood in, but she also offers bold and righteously damning critiques of many nation-states, always championing the masses and the collective lamentation of freedoms denied all over the world. Her self-awareness about her privileges as a white woman who holds powerful documents that allow her to pursue her needs by leaving and arriving whenever and wherever she wants to grounds the reader in being less critical of her and more empathetic to oneself and by default, others. Fernandez shares that she always felt the need to leave; the desire for movement and a fast-paced life. While globe hopping, Fernandez takes the reader through Lebanon, Morocco, Minnesota/the United States, Palestine, and El Salvador. The checkpoint at her very front door in a small, coastal town meant to control the spread of Covid-19, checkpoints in Gaza, checkpoints at airports, and checkpoints of whiteness intertwine and meld to remind the reader that freedom for some means disaster for many. The confinement of people she loves in places throughout the world who experience a lack of agency due to political oppression is a palpable concern in her story. Gaza and Lebanon, but also the United States, her place of birth and childhood, that is the most problematic for her and the one place to which she avoids returning. Fernandez learns of George Floyd’s lynching through the television of a Zipolite family giving her shelter during the aftermath of an earthquake and for readers around the world, we are immediately reminded that justice and peace are eternally elusive for the masses of people without racial, gender, sexual, economic, and other privileges. She never shies away from turning these critiques upon herself; and yet, the reader empathizes with her because in our own ways, we avoid the discomfort of lacking agency to do more for each other. As she says, a sentiment the reader can understand deeply because of quarantine, “there was no longer a surplus of people to throw me into ethical dilemmas” about personal choices of say, yoga clothed or nude, but the political became even more tantamount as Black and brown bodies piled higher and higher because of structural inequities throughout the world. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ US_passes_emergency_waiver_over_fuel_pipeline_cyber- attack [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ Multiple sources have confirmed that the ransomware attack was caused by a cyber- criminal gang called DarkSide, who infiltrated Colonial’s network on Thursday and took almost 100GB of data hostage. After seizing the data, the [crackers] locked the data on some computers and servers, demanding a ransom on Friday. If it is not paid, they are threatening to leak it onto the [Internet]. Colonial said it is working with law enforcement, cyber-security experts and the Department of Energy to restore service. On Sunday evening it said that although its four mainlines remain offline, some smaller lateral lines between terminals and delivery points are now operational. # ⚓ Insurer_AXA_halts_ransomware_crime_reimbursement_in France [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ In an apparent industry first, the global insurance company AXA said Thursday it will stop writing cyber-insurance policies in France that reimburse customers for extortion payments made to ransomware criminals. AXA, among Europe’s top five insurers, said it was suspending the option in response to concerns aired by French justice and cybersecurity officials during a Senate roundtable in Paris last month about the devastating global epidemic of ransomware. # ⚓ Biggest_petrol_pipeline_in_US_hit_by_Windows_DarkSide ransomware⠀⇛ The company is believed to have been hit by the DarkSide ransomware, a recent addition to the swarms of ransomware that attack Microsoft’s Windows operating system. Colonial is the biggest American refined products pipeline system and can carry more than three million barrels of petrol, diesel and jet fuel between the US Gulf Coast and the New York Harbour area, according to Wikipedia. # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_Launches_Open Source_Agriculture_Infrastructure Project [Ed: Slashdot now running/ airing PR fluff for so-called 'Linux' Foundation]⠀⇛ # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Reproducible_Builds:_Reproducible_Builds_in April_2021⠀⇛ In these reports we try to the most important things that we have been up to over the past month. As a quick recap, whilst anyone may inspect the source code of free software for malicious flaws, almost all software is distributed to end users as pre- compiled binaries. If you are interested in contributing to the project, please visit our Contribute page on our website. [...] Closer to home, Jeremiah Orians wrote to our mailing list reporting that it is now possible to bootstrap the GCC compiler without using the pre- generated Bison grammar files, part of a broader attempt to provide a “reproducible, automatic [and] complete end-to-end bootstrap from a minimal number of binary seeds to a supported fully functioning operating system” […]. In addition, Richard Clobus started a thread on potential problems the -Wl,–build-id=sha1 linker flag which can later be used when analysing core dumps and tracebacks. # ⚓ NAME:WRECK_DNS_Bugs:_What_You_Need_to_Know⠀⇛ For most internet users, there’s not much of a perceivable difference between the domain name they want to visit and the server that the domain queries. That’s because the Domain Name System (DNS) protocol does a good job of seamlessly routing users to different IP addresses that are all associated with a single domain name. The bad news is that this level of seamlessness makes it easier for threat actors and criminals to steal sensitive information and compromise computer hardware and networks with malware. The latest news on DNS vulnerabilities shines the spotlight on nine newly discovered vulnerabilities that put more than 100 million IoT devices in jeopardy. These DNS vulnerabilities, dubbed “NAME:WRECK DNS,” threaten IoT users with Denial of Service (DoS) and Remote Code Execution attacks that let cybercriminals assume control over targeted IoT systems. Once attackers take these devices offline, there’s nothing left to stop them from targeting and assaulting other IoT attack surfaces. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Legal_Implications_of_Using_AI_as_an_Exam Invigilator_–_RAILS_–_Blog⠀⇛ Universities around the globe have been profoundly affected by stay-at-home orders, which have required them to close their doors and shift to online teaching and learning. In an effort to avoid delaying or postponing examinations amid the Covid-19 outbreak, many higher- education institutions have turned to online proctoring tools, raising complex questions about how they can ensure the integrity of online assessments while at the same time respect ethical and legal constraints, especially regarding students’ fundamental rights to privacy, data protection and non- discrimination. In particular, universities are increasingly relying on AI-based facial recognition technologies (FRT) that can be used to authenticate remote users that connect from offsite the campus as well as to identify cheating and other dubious behavior throughout the online exam process. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Upcoming_Supreme_Court_Case_Could_Lead_to_Weakening_of_Gun Control_Nationwide⠀⇛ # ⚓ Afghans_Grieve_After_68_Killed,_165_Injured_in_School Bombing⠀⇛ “Schools should be safe havens for children, not zones of war.” # ⚓ Opinion_|_Conflict,_Climate_Change,_and_Covid-19_Are Aggravating_World_Hunger⠀⇛ The 2021 Global Report on Food Crises found that 155 million people in 55 countries faced acute hunger in 2020, an increase of 20 million people suffering from severe food insecurity compared with the previous year. # ⚓ Germany_outlaws_Islamist_organization_Ansaar International⠀⇛ Ansaar and an affiliated organization “spread a Salafist world view and finance terror around the world under the guise of humanitarian aid,” Seehofer said. Children from Germany would be sent to institutions set up by Ansaar International abroad “in order to internalize Salafist extremist content there and carry it back to Germany,” he added. # ⚓ Turkey_and_Iran:_Parallel_Islam_imperialist_ambitions_for the_Middle_East⠀⇛ Sources in the KRG interviewed for this article said that they regard the operations as part of a Turkish effort to turn the autonomous Kurdish area in northern Iraq into a Turkish satrapy. The PKK threat, according to this view, is a useful pretext for this purpose. # ⚓ Bombing_Near_Kabul_School_Kills_At_Least_50,_Many_Of_Them Girls⠀⇛ A bombing near a school in Kabul on Saturday killed at least 50 people, many of them young students. At least 100 people were wounded in the attack, according to Interior Ministry spokesman Tariq Arian, the Associated Press reports. He told the AP that casualties could continue to rise. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Gas_Price_Spike_Feared_as_Ransomware_Attack_Shuts Colonial_Pipeline_Network [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ Another U.S. energy company told the AP that it was forced to “temporarily halt” all operations on a pipeline that delivers about 45 percent of all fuel consumed by Eastern Seaboard states. The last reported shut of the pipeline was in October 2020 during Hurricane Delta. The Colonial shut its main distillate fuel line down on October 11 after the hurricane disrupted electric power and halted transport between Houston and Greensboro, North Carolina. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Bolsonaro’s_Administration_Attempts_to_Silence Indigenous_Leaders_for_Criticizing_Its_Handling_of_the Pandemic⠀⇛ Brazil’s Federal Police agency subpoenaed Sônia Guajajara, the executive coordinator for the Articulation Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (APIB) on April 26 to respond to charges of slander as well as the dissemination of fake news. These accusations are the result of her appearance in a 2020 eight-part web documentary series called Maracá. In it, Guajajara, along with dozens of other natives, activists, artists, and academics denounced numerous health protocol violations committed against indigenous communities by drawing links between Brazil’s 521 years of genocidal history to the current COVID-19 pandemic. “I was intimidated by the federal police, as a representative of @apiboficial to testify in an inquiry about the Maracá web series,” Guajajara shared on Twitter on April 30, about the police action. “The persecution from this government is unacceptable and absurd! They won’t silence us!” she added. Guajajara was a Socialism and Liberty Party candidate during the 2018 Presidential elections and has been a fierce critic of Bolsonaro and his administration’s indigenous and environmental policies, and its handling of the pandemic. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Bolsonaro_Is_Destroying_the_Amazon_While Pretending_to_Protect_It⠀⇛ One day after Brazil’s far-right president Jair Bolsonaro asked world leaders for financial support to save the Amazon rainforest, the federal government slashed the Environment Ministry’s budget by $45 million. # ⚓ Bunny,_the_dog_that_can_“talk,”_starts_asking existential_questions⠀⇛ If it is spontaneous, the research around the ethology for canines could get really interesting. Scientific evidence has previously suggested that dogs don’t recognize themselves in the mirror. The so- called mirror test is used to determine whether an animal has the ability of visual self-recognition, and is considered a marker of intelligence in animals. Elephants, chimpanzees, and dolphins are among the animals who have passed the test, but dogs typically don’t. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Infants_and_Toddlers_Aren’t_Spared_the_Impacts_of_Social and_Economic_Inequality⠀⇛ # ⚓ Why_did_Berkshire_Hathaway’s_share_price_threaten_Nasdaq?⠀⇛ Nasdaq’s pricing system relies for price quotations on 32-bit integers. Nobody conceived that a share price might exceed $429,496.7295, as Berkshire Hathaway’s has. (Nasdaq marks prices to hundredths of a cent.) This assumption seemed reasonable: only in recent years has Berkshire Hathaway flown so close to the value. The share price of NVR Inc, a construction-and-mortgage company that comes second to Berkshire Hathaway among public companies for sticker shock, is not far above $5,000. But now it is causing trouble. Although orders for Berkshire Hathaway shares were largely unaffected—it is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, which says it can handle high numbers just fine—Nasdaq and some smaller exchanges were unable to include the company in some stock-price feeds or to accept certain share orders. Nasdaq’s engineers are rushing to update their systems to accommodate higher prices. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ A_New_Group_of_Mega-Donors_Now_Holds_Influence_Over_the_GOP Thanks_to_Trump⠀⇛ # ⚓ You_Are_There_at_Stalin’s_State_Funeral⠀⇛ Told in chronological order, we see a sea of mourners – from Tajikistan to Riga, Latvia to Azerbaijan to the Altai Region in Mongolia to Tallinn, Estonia to Vladivostok in the Far East to Vilnius, Lithuania to Kyrgyzstan to Lvov, Ukraine and beyond – pour out to pay their last respects to the man who led the USSR for almost three decades. Across the sprawling country, masses of workers flood the snowy streets, assemble at factories, oil rigs and other worksites, in remote villages and city squares, marching, parading, wearing winter coats with red/black armbands of mourning and holding aloft red flags emblazoned with hammers and sickles, placing gigantic wreaths at the base of colossal statues and portraits of Stalin. Often, the aggrieved listen to what are presumably amplified elegies, delivered by speakers, heard over loudspeakers or radios. In the process we see that the vast Soviet Union was a multi-ethnic society, composed mainly of Caucasians and Asian peoples of various religious origins, including the Russian Orthodox Church and Islam. Much of State Funeral’s action takes place in Moscow, where dignitaries from around the pro- socialist world and representatives from international Communist Parties join with ordinary proletarians and soldiers to witness the embalmed Marshall Stalin, clad in a military uniform, lying in state inside an open casket within the capacious Hall of the Columns in Moscow’s House of Unions. There, throngs of lamenters file past the coffin at a brisk pace as a live orchestra plays somber music, notably the third movement of Chopin’s “Piano Sonata No. 2,” the famed “Funeral March” (“Marche Funèbre”). # ⚓ Prof’s_Ramadan_Rant:_An_‘Islamophobe’_Behind_Every_Bush⠀⇛ Fahmy bemoaned survey results showing Americans’ negative impressions of Islam and Muslims, but her skewed, superficial sophistries simply reinforce the reasoning behind those impressions. Middle East studies academics like her do a disservice to Muslims concerned about bigotry by refusing to truthfully critique difficult issues within Islam. These range from what the late Harvard scholar Samuel P. Huntington called “Islam’s bloody borders” to the unwillingness of Muslim immigrants in the West to assimilate to their host cultures. True friendship and understanding can develop only with frank, truthful discussions of these and other problems – virtues sorely lacking in Fahmy’s warped presentation. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Florida’s_‘Anti-Rioting’_Law_Criminalizes_Protesters_and Creates_New_Crimes⠀⇛ On April 19, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signed into law the controversial HB1, which criminalizes the actions of protesters. Under the law, “rioting,” defined vaguely, can incur stronger penalties. The law also creates several new crimes such as mob intimidation, cyberintimidation by publication, and “aggravated rioting.” To try to undermine the #DefundthePolice movement, it allows local police to penalize municipalities that reduce funding for law enforcements. It denies bail to those arrested until their first court appearance, guaranteeing an overnight stay. It issues a third- degree felony to anyone found damaging a monument or memorial. Perhaps most egregiously, it protects drivers who plow into crowds of protesters. In a country where Black protestors are five times more likely to be arrested at demonstrations nationwide, the law feels like salt on an open wound. # ⚓ European_Parliament_calls_for_abolition_of_Pakistan’s “blasphemy”_law⠀⇛ A resolution adopted by the European Parliament has called for the abolition of Pakistan’s controversial “blasphemy” law. Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) cite “an alarming increase in accusations of ‘blasphemy’”, adding that Pakistan’s judicial system does not deal properly with accusations due to judges’ fear of exonerating those falsely accused. # ⚓ European_Parliament_resolution_on_the_blasphemy_laws_in Pakistan,_in_particular_the_case_of_Shagufta_Kausar_and Shafqat_Emmanuel_(2021/2647(RSP)⠀⇛ 10. Calls on the Member States to facilitate the issuance of emergency visas and to offer international protection for Shagufta Kausar, Shafqat Emmanuel, their lawyer Saiful Malook and others that stand accused for peacefully exercising their rights, including human rights defenders, should they need to leave Pakistan; 11. Is extremely concerned at the increasing online and offline attacks on journalists, academics and civil society organisations, particularly those against women and minorities; urges the Government of Pakistan to take immediate steps to ensure the safety of journalists, human rights defenders and faith-based organisations and to carry out prompt and effective investigations in order to uphold the rule of law and bring the perpetrators to justice; o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Israeli_Police_Attack_Hundreds_of_Palestinians Demonstrating_Illegal_Evictions⠀⇛ # ⚓ Verdicts_Don’t_Heal._We_Need_Imaginative_Community-Based, Restorative_Justice.⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Dear_China_Rocket⠀⇛ # ⚓ Let’s_Celebrate_Mothers_Who_Are_Fighting_to_Set_Their_Loved Ones_Free⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Mother’s_Day_Is_a_Good_Time_to_Acknowledge_That Care_Work_Powers_Our_Economy⠀⇛ Care isn’t a burden for women and families to shoulder alone. It’s the foundation of our economy, and it deserves to be treated as such. # ⚓ Fears_over_sale_of_alcohol_at_‘intimidated’_shop_in_crime- hit_Alum_Rock⠀⇛ A Birmingham shop whose owner says he was ‘intimidated’ by three men and told not to sell alcohol as it violated Sharia law should not be granted an alcohol licence, a councillor has argued. # ⚓ Google_‘arguably_violated’_labor_law_when_it_fired employees_involved_in_unionizing,_says_NLRB_chief⠀⇛ Google suffered backlash after firing five activist workers in the space of a month towards the end of 2019. Laurence Berland, Paul Duke, Rebecca Rivers, and Sophie Waldman became known as the “Thanksgiving Four” after the company sacked them around the holiday season, alleging they had leaked company information in violation of its policies, an allegation all of them deny. The four were subsequently joined by Kathryn Spiers, who had created an internal pop-up notification for employees telling them they had a right to “participate in protected concerted activities” before being fired in December 2019. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ ACCC_seeks_leave_to_appear_in_Epic_Games,_Apple_court appeal⠀⇛ The competition watchdog, the ACCC, has sought leave to appear at the hearing of Epic Games appeal to the Full Federal Court against an earlier Court decision to stay Epic’s proceedings against Apple. # ⚓ Can_Amazon_be_directly_liable_for_trade_mark_infringement? A_new_CJEU_referral [Ed: Amazon wants only the profits but none of the risks or the liabilities]⠀⇛ Is it a trade mark infringement to, e.g., advertise, offer, stock and ship goods carrying a sign identical or similar to a registered sign? The answer is not a difficult one to provide: Articles 10 TMD and 9 EUTMR clearly indicate that these activities amount to prima facie infringement. Things, however, get more complicated when the same question is asked with reference to an online marketplace, e.g., Amazon. Can such a platform be regarded as playing an active role and be directly liable for trade mark infringement if what is being promoted, sold, stocked and shipped through it is a counterfeit item? [...] Considering the discussion above, the new CJEU Louboutin referral is one to watch attentively. The resulting judgment may help shed further light on the (thorny) question of how far the degree of sophistication of the services provided to sellers by an online marketplace can go without amounting to own infringing activities of the platform. Even if no specific question is asked on this point, it would be also a welcome clarification on the side of the CJEU to address whether a platform that does directly undertake trade mark-restricted acts may remain nonetheless eligible for the hosting safe harbour. This is particularly important, also considering the ongoing discussion around the proposed DSA, which has been also presented as a ‘crystallization’ of CJEU case law: on the one hand, the Proposal refers the safe harbour protection to “any type of liability” (recital 17); on the other hand, it excludes the applicability thereof to “any service that is not an intermediary service” (Article 1(4)). How to reconcile these two? Can a platform perform restricted acts itself and be still regarded as an intermediary (a host service)? # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Germany_rejects_COVID-19_IP_waiver_proposal [Ed: Notice how Charlotte Kilpatrick, Ed Conlon, Patrick Wingrove, Rani Mehta issue PR plugs for the EPO (EIA) while never mentioning any of the EPO scandals and corruption. They wish to maintain 'access' to the regime, no matter the severity of its crimes.]⠀⇛ The German government yesterday rejected the US-backed proposal to waive all intellectual property rights to COVID vaccines. A government spokesperson said in a statement to multiple media outlets that the limiting factors in the production of vaccines were the production capacities and high-quality standards, not patents. She added that the US suggestion to waive patent protection for COVID vaccines had significant implications for vaccine production as a whole. “The protection of intellectual property is a source of innovation and must remain so in the future.” Other European government heads, however, expressed support for the proposal to waive IP rights for COVID vaccines. French president Emmanuel Macron said he completely favoured opening up IP. European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen said the EU was “ready to discuss any proposals that address the crisis in an effective and pragmatic manner”. The waiver was proposed in October at the World Trade Organization (WTO) by India and South Africa. The US announced its support of the waiver on Wednesday, May 5. “This is a global health crisis, and the extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic call for extraordinary measures,” said Katherine Tai, the US trade representative, in a statement. WTO’s TRIPS Council will continue to debate the proposal in the coming weeks. [...] EPO announces European Inventor Award finalists Fifteen inventors and inventor teams have been shortlisted for the European Inventor Award 2021, the EPO revealed on Tuesday, May 4. The finalists fall into five categories – industry, research, non-EPO countries, SMEs, and lifetime achievement – and specialise in a wide range of technologies including diagnostics and wildlife protection. The winners will be announced at a digital ceremony on June 17. “This year’s finalists are shining examples of the ingenuity and creativity that support technological progress and pave the way for job creation and economic growth,” said EPO president António Campinos. “Each of the exceptional finalists is a trailblazer in their respective field and has made a tangible contribution to overcoming some of society’s most pressing challenges,” he added. Now in their 15th year, the awards recognise inventors who have made an exceptional contribution to technology, society, and economic growth. An independent jury picked the 15 finalists from a pool of nearly 400 inventors and inventor teams. The jury, chaired by diagnostics researcher Helen Lee (who won the “popular prize” award in 2016), consists of experts in intellectual property, business, science, politics, media and research. The 2021 finalists come from Austria, China, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, the UK, and the US. They have all used European patents to protect their inventions, which include improved nasal drug delivery, and the world’s first system to verify a fingerprint pattern and detect live blood flow. # ⚓ In_brief:_patent_prosecution_in_Switzerland⠀⇛ A quick look at the essentials of patent prosecution in Switzerland, including key disclosure requirements for patent applications, expedited procedures, oppositions, timeframes and costs. # ⚓ Ericsson_ends_patent_licensing_dispute_with_Samsung [Ed: Ericsson has long been little except a parasite operating_via_numerous_patent_trolls/satellites that extort_businesses_which_actually_sell_things]⠀⇛ Swedish telecoms gear maker Ericsson and Korean tech giant Samsung has inked multi- year global patent licenses that includes patents related to all cellular technologies, including fifth-generation or 5G technology. With this agreement, the two companies have ended a patent licensing dispute that hit Ericsson’s first-quarter revenue. Additionally, the agreement ends complaints filed by both companies before the United States International Trade Commission (USITC) as well as the ongoing lawsuits in several countries, the telecom gear maker said in an official statement. # ⚓ Special_report:_patents_and_SPCs_post-Brexit_– pharma’s_big_opportunity?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Intellectual_property:_China’s_evolution_from_‘norm taker’_to_‘norm_setter’ [Ed: Disclosure lacking as SCMP is now owned by a member of the Chinese Communist Party]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Someone’s_copying_my_invention!_What_should_I_do? [Ed: Well, law firms are conflating_things_like trademarks_with_patents and moreover they overstate the ‘protection’ offered to small businesses; the patent system is for very large enterprises]⠀⇛ Start-ups should consider protecting their technical innovation by filing a patent application. Some reasons for doing so are explained in our earlier article here: https: //appleyardleesgreenshoots.com/intellectual- property-for-start-ups-in-a-post-covid- world/. Once your application for a UK patent is granted, the resulting granted patent gives you the right to prevent others from making, disposing of (e.g. selling or supplying), offering to dispose of, using, importing, or keeping your invention in the UK, where your invention is defined by the claims of your granted patent. It is important to note that it is possible to enforce your patent rights against the others only after the patent has granted. However, the journey to the grant of a patent may take several years, usually around four and a half years in the UK. What do you do if, before you have obtained a granted patent, a third party starts selling a product that looks like your invention? Is there anything you can do to stop the third party? Does your patent application provide you with any rights before the patent is granted? This article answers these questions. # ⚓ Corporate_Lies_Lose_Patentee_Million_Dollar Verdict.⠀⇛ The district court first sided with the patent challenger and awarded sua sponte summary judgment of obviousness based upon a bed-in-a-box reference. That decision was vacated by the Federal Circuit in a 2018 non- precedential decision since Zinus lacked notice and an opportunity to present evidence prior to the summary judgment determination. On remand, the district court reversed itself — awarding summary judgment the other way — that the bed-in-a-box reference did not invalidate. The court entered final judgment, awarding $1.1 million in damages and issued a permanent injunction. One problem: The president of Zinus (Colin Lawrie) had given false testimony regarding the prior art (Lawrie was testifying both as a fact witness and a testifying technical expert). In particular, Lawrie testified that he had never “seen a bed that was shipped disassembled in one box.” Later, Lawrie testified again and explained that his original testimony was “incorrect” but that at the time he was not intending to answer falsely. In particular, it turned out that a Zinnus-related company had purchased/sold hundreds of beds in boxes that had not been found by Cap’s prior art searchers. Lowrie’s later explanation was that he was focusing on the novel features of his company’s patent — a bed shipped disassembled with all of the components in the headboard. The district court found Lourie’s explanation “wholly implausible.” # ⚓ U.S._urged_to_export_vaccines [Ed: Patents or patients? What’s more important? It hardly surprises me that the EU and Merkel sidle with patent monopolies over the vaccines… in effect signing the death knell of millions. You could make jokes about Germany’s past and all… but moreover, Merkel’s_government_covered_up_EPO corruption.]⠀⇛ European Union leaders on Saturday cranked up their criticism of the U.S. call to waive covid-19 vaccine patents, arguing the move would yield no short-term or intermediate improvement in vaccine supplies and could even have a negative effect. On the second day of an EU summit in Portugal, the European leaders instead urged Washington to lift export restrictions if it wants to have a global impact on the pandemic. # ⚓ Tech_needed_to_halt_climate_change_still underdeveloped [Ed: More greenwashing_puff_pieces_by the_EPO, looking to ‘whiten’ its reputation while breaking the law and stealing billions of euros]⠀⇛ Global climate targets can only be reached with a major acceleration in clean-energy innovation, as many of the technologies required to bring down CO2 emissions are currently only at the prototype or demonstration phase. This is the conclusion of a joint report released Tuesday from the European Patent Office (EPO) and the International Energy Agency (IEA). # ⚓ Using_carbon_dioxide_to_make_greener_plastics [Ed: Paid-for EPO puff piece. They're looking to distract from EPO crimes which, under normal circumstances, would entail many arrests and very long prison sentences.]⠀⇛ The European Patent Office (EPO) announces that German chemists Christoph Gürtler and Walter Leitner have been nominated as finalists in the “Industry” category of the European Inventor Award 2021 for their roles in developing a new technique to utilise waste carbon dioxide (CO2) as raw material in the production of foams and polymers. Their method, a product of their respective industrial and academic backgrounds, uses chemical catalysts to drive reactions between CO2 and a crude oil derivative, producing polymers, e.g. polyurethane plastics, in a sustainable and commercially viable way. # ⚓ BIO_&_IPO_Issue_Statements_on_Biden_Administration’s Support_for_Proposed_WTO_Waiver [Ed: Front groups for patent zealots who actively_and_shameless_lobby_for death_on_behalf_of_profit-makers]⠀⇛ Yesterday, United States Trade Representative Katherine Tai announced “the Biden-Harris Administration’s support for waiving intellectual property protections for COVID- 19 vaccines” (see “Biden Administration Supports Waiver of IP Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines”). The waiver was proposed last fall by India and South Africa, which asked the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to recommend “a waiver from the implementation, application and enforcement of Sections 1, 4, 5, and 7 of Part II of the TRIPS Agreement in relation to prevention, containment or treatment of COVID-19″ to the General Council of the WTO. In March, the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO), a group of fifteen industry and trade organizations (including BIO), and a group of intellectual property organizations (including the IPO), sent letters to the Biden Administration, members of Congress, and officials at the Patent and Copyright Offices asking the recipients to oppose the waiver proposal. # ⚓ Sharon_Prost_Ends_Her_Tenure_Atop_a_More_Unified Federal_Circuit [Ed: Sharon Prost did a good job at CAFC, undoing the legacy of corruption by her predecessors, who got caught and now lobby (which is another form of corruption)]⠀⇛ Sharon Prost took the helm of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit seven years ago in stormy seas. Some members of the court were openly battling with the Supreme Court about patent eligibility and other intellectual property issues, leading to increasing scrutiny from the justices. The Federal Circuit’s own attempt to forge a consensus on eligibility led to a nightmare of six concurring, dissenting and reflecting opinions from the denial of en banc review in a 2013 case. Over the next 12 months, then-Chief Judge Randall Rader would publicly criticize “patent trolls” in the New York Times, compare U.S. Patent and Trademark Office administrative judges to a “death squad” for patent rights, and then leave the court suddenly under an ethical cloud. # ⚓ Fed._Circ._Says_‘Vexatious’_Litigant_Can’t_Sue Raytheon,_Intel [Ed: CAFC protects the company that literally kills lots of people]⠀⇛ A California federal judge rightly found that a former Raytheon engineer’s litigation history with the defense contractor and Intel justifies labeling him a “vexatious litigant” and making him pay a $25,000 security bond to sue them again, the Federal Circuit said Friday. In a pair of nonprecedential opinions, the Federal Circuit affirmed the dismissal of Nagui Mankaruse’s patent infringement and trade secret misappropriation suits against Raytheon and Intel. The cases had been dismissed when Mankaruse did not post the bonds, which sought to deter suits that are “frivolous,” “duplicative” or of a “harassing nature.” # ⚓ Vexatious_Litigants⠀⇛ Nagui Mankaruse is a former Raytheon engineer and also a patentee. U.S. Patent No. 6,411,512. While an employee, he sued Raytheon for employment discrimination and was later fired. (“Laid off due to a workforce reduction”). He later sued Raytheon in California state for various claims, including trade-secret misappropriation, breach of contract, discrimination, etc. California Code allows for a litigant to be defined as a “vexatious litigant” and Mankaruse was so-named. In one case he posted a $10,000 bond as required by the court (and lost the money after losing the case). In the present case before the Federal Circuit. Nagui Mankaruse filed a pro se lawsuit against Raytheon alleging patent infringement and trade-secret misappropriation. Raytheon asked the US District Court (C.D.Cal.) to deem Mankaruse a “vexatious litigant” under Federal Law and require a bond before he proceeds with the case. The district court agreed and ordered Mankaruse to pay $25k bond and also seek pre- filing approval from the court of any future lawsuit. He did not pay the money and the case was dismissed. On appeal, the Federal Circuit has affirmed. # ⚓ EPO_partners_with_European_Commission_and_European Parliament_to_celebrate_Europe_Day_2021 [Ed: The European Commission cooperates with criminals who run the EPO; not a new problem though as they_actively_look at_cover_up_corruption] ⠀⇛ The EPO today joins the regional representations of the European Parliament and European Commission in Munich in celebrating Europe Day. The three institutions have partnered this year to jointly produce a commemorative video which casts a spotlight on the work of each and how it contributes to keeping the European spirit alive. The video also explores examples of successful Bavarian inventors and the importance of co-operation in addressing pressing global issues. Traditionally, institutions open their doors to the public and organise commemorative activities and events. While the pandemic has impacted these gatherings, digital celebrations continue. # ⚓ Preparation,_Preparation,_Preparation:_Lessons_to_be learnt_from_EPO_Decision_R2/19⠀⇛ R2/19 is a recently published decision from the Enlarged Board of Appeal (EBA) of the European Patent Office (EPO). Although it breaks little new ground, it has highlighted yet again the importance of patent proprietors being properly prepared when defending a patent during post-grant proceedings. In this article, we look at specific lessons that can be learnt by patent proprietors from this decision. # ⚓ French,_they_have_developed_an_ultra-precise ultrasound_machine_and_are_finalists_for_the_European Inventor_Prize [Ed: Being honoured by people who break the_law and then exploit scientists for their reputation laundering]⠀⇛ A revolution in the field of medical imaging. Matthias Fink and Michael Tander, two French physicists, are selected from the finalists for the European Inventor Prize, further proof that French excels in this field. # ⚓ Honouring_the_inventor_who_brought_organic semiconductors_to_light [Ed: Another EPO puff piece, paid for to distract_from_EPO_crimes]⠀⇛ The European Patent Office (EPO) announces that German scientist, professor and entrepreneur Karl Leo has been nominated as a finalist in the “Lifetime achievement” category of the European Inventor Award 2021. Leo’s pioneering work with organic semiconductors led to the development of highly-efficient organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display technology. The full impact of Leo’s innovations can be seen across the electronics industry, with OLEDs providing enhanced image brightness, colour resolution and power efficiency in the latest models of smartphones and other electronic devices we use every day. # ⚓ Honoring_a_Pioneer_in_Tissue_Engineering:_Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic_Named_European_Inventor_Award_2021 Finalist [Ed: Corrupt EPO management exploits_actual scientists_to_distract_from_the_fact_that_EPO_breaks the_law_and_must_be_held_accountable. Who pays for this media bribery? Europe.]⠀⇛ The European Patent Office (EPO) announces that Serbian-American scientist Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic has been nominated as a finalist of the European Inventor Award 2021 for her innovative contribution to biomedical engineering. She has dedicated her decades- long career to developing an ex vivo tissue engineering technique which offers a safer, more precise way of cultivating skeletal, heart, lung, and vascular tissue for either transplantation, disease modelling, or drug testing. # ⚓ Dublin_designer_invents_pineapple_leaf_alternative_to leather [Ed: Irish Times is particularly corrupt because for a number of years it has helped produce EPO puff pieces; in reality, EU authorities in Ireland need to crack down on EPO]⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_European_Patent_Office_Announces_Boston-based Microbiologists_Kim_Lewis_and_Slava_S._Epstein_as European_Inventor_Award_2021_Finalists [Ed: Based on the video, one can imagine the budget (tens of millions) allocated to help the EPO distract from its crime. This moreover corrupts the media and corrodes trust. EPO commanders the media to reduce chances of EPO being held accountable. In the process the media itself turns to trash.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_European_Patent_Office_Announces_Boston-based Microbiologists_Kim_Lewis_and_Slava_S._Epstein_as European_Inventor_Award_2021_Finalists [Ed: Paid-for press releases from people who belong in prison but obfuscate/control the media by paying it and seeding puff pieces in it.]⠀⇛ The European Patent Office (EPO) today announces that Northeastern University microbiologists Kim Lewis and Slava S. Epstein have been nominated as finalists in the “Non-EPO countries” category of the European Inventor Award 2021. They have developed a device that enables scientists to separate and incubate single strains of bacteria in their natural environment. Their invention, the iChip – a thumb-sized plastic chip with miniscule holes – allows a greater number and variety of microorganisms to be grown in laboratories, solving a longstanding problem in microbiology. # ⚓ EPO_announces_Indian-American_chemist_Sumita_Mitra_as European_Inventor_Award_2021_finalist [Ed: How much money has EPO wasted buying those puff pieces that help distract from crimes that should have EPO managers arrested? Are they pulling a Gates?]⠀⇛ The European Patent Office (EPO) announced that Indian-American chemist Sumita Mitra has been nominated as a finalist in the “Non-EPO countries” category of the European Inventor Award 2021. She was the first to apply nanotechnology to the production of dental materials, leading to the creation of a new composite to repair teeth, which has many advantages over conventional materials. # ⚓ World_IP_Day_2021_–_how_SMEs_can_understand_and leverage_intellectual_property [Ed: EPO-funded propaganda outlet IAM pretends patents are for SMEs and EPO somehow "helps" SMEs]⠀⇛ National and intergovernmental patent offices (eg, the EPO) also offer resources for SMEs. # ⚓ Indian-American_chemist_Sumita_Mitra_named_European Inventor_Award_2021_finalist [Ed: EPO funnels our money to the media to corrupt the media and hide the EPO's own corruption]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Vogue-Approved_Vegan_Pineapple_Leather_Nominated_For Prestigious_Award [Ed: Corrupt EPO misuses its money to interject itself into publications that portray the EPO as anything but a crime zone (which it is)]⠀⇛ A brand making vegan leather from pineapples has been nominated for a prestigious award. Piñatex, created by Spanish entrepreneur Carmen Hijosa, is a finalist for the European Investor Award 2021 – organized by the European Patent Office (EPO). # ⚓ Six_U.S._Researchers_Named_Finalists_in_European Inventor_Award_2021 [Ed: Where does EPO money go? Paying_publishers_to_publish_such_pieces_that_help distract_from_the_corruption_at_the_EPO.]⠀⇛ he European Patent Office (EPO) has announced six U.S.-based finalists for the European Inventor Award 2021, including microbiologists at Boston’s Northeastern University, Kim Lewis and Slava S. Epstein, who developed a device to separate and incubate single strains of bacteria in nature; Indian-American chemist Sumita Mitra, the first person to apply nanotechnology to the production of dental materials; and Chinese-American Bo Pi and Yi He, who have developed the world’s first fingerprint sensor able to check both a fingerprint’s pattern and the presence of live blood flow. # ⚓ Cannabics_Pharmaceuticals_Receives_Patent_Notice_of Allowance_From_The_Mexican_Patent_and_Trademark_Office_ (IMPI) [Ed: And the same EPO that grants patents on plants (illegally)]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Cannabics_Pharmaceuticals_Receives_Patent_“Notice_of Allowance”_From_The_Mexican_Patent_and_Trademark_Office (IMPI)⠀⇛ Cannabics Pharmaceuticals Inc. (OTCQB: CNBX), a global leader in the development of cancer related cannabinoid-based medicine, announced today that it had received “Notice of Allowance” from the Mexican Patent and Trademark Office (IMPI) in relation to the company’s patent titled: ‘System and method for high throughput screening of cancer cells’. The decision of the Mexican patent authority follows the European Patent Office (EPO) “Intention to Grant a European Patent” notice to the company from October 2020, concerning the same patent application. # ⚓ Targovax_ASA:_First_quarter_2021_results⠀⇛ Maintained TG + chemo patent as granted after opposition in European Patent Office # ⚓ Breaking:_Brazil_SC_rules_patent_extensions unconstitutional [Ed: By patent boosters funded by trolls]⠀⇛ The Brazil Supreme Court yesterday removed the guarantee of a 10-year minimum term for successful pharmaceutical patent applicants. Ruling nine to two in Direct Action 5,529, the court rendered the sole paragraph of Article 40 of Brazil’s Industrial Property Law unconstitutional. The court will come together again next Wednesday, May 12, to decide whether the ruling should have retroactive effect. If the justices decide that it does, granted patents for pharmaceutical and biotech inventions would have their term of validity reduced to 20 years counted from the filing date, instead of 10 years counted from the date of grant. # ⚓ This_Cannabinoid_Focused_Biotech_Company_Just_Made Major_Progress_In_Mexico [Ed: What they mean by "progress" is patent or monopoly. Who actually benefits from this?]⠀⇛ The granting of the notice from Mexico’s patent authority comes after the European Patent Office (EPO) issued an Intention to Grant a European Patent notice to the company in October 2020. The notice that was issued from Europe’s patent office covering the same application that was filed in Mexico. # ⚓ Results_of_the_Plan_to_Reduce_Brazilian_PTO’s_Patent Backlog [Ed: As if rushing patents (monopolies) through is beneficial to society and is bound to get things right...]⠀⇛ The plan implemented by the Brazilian Patent and Trademark Office (BPTO) to tackle the patent backlog reduced in 51.2% pending patent applications… # § Software Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ “You_can’t_patent_algorithms”_–_A_Guide_to Identifying_and_Protecting_AI_Inventions_in Healthcare [Ed: Litigation profiteers still use “HEY_HI”_(AI)_and_“health” to secure illegal and bunk patents on maths/algorithms]⠀⇛ This is the first of a series of articles prepared for the Intelligent Health community, directed at all innovators using artificial intelligence to solve problems in healthcare. Our aim is to address some of the misconceptions we hear frequently around the protection of AI- based HealthTech inventions and to provide some practical guidance on the steps that should be taken to secure protection that supports your commercial aims and the wider adoption of your technology. During the period of the Intelligent Health UK event, the GJE HealthTech team are offering free 1-2-1 IP consultations to innovators wanting to explore how best to protect their AI- driven HealthTech innovations. You can arrange a session with a patent attorney from the GJE HealthTech team here. # ⚓ IPO_Webinar_on_Patenting_Computer_Simulations in_Europe [Ed: IPO, an IBM front group, lobbies for illegal software patents in Europe. IBM is not our ally... this case is controversial for a number of reasons.]⠀⇛ The Intellectual Property Owners Association (IPO) will offer a one-hour webinar entitled “Patenting Computer Simulations in Europe Following Enlarged Board Case G1/19″ on May 12, 2021 from 12:00 pm to 1:00 pm (ET). Mike Jennings of AA Thornton; Tobias Kaufmann of Bardehle Pagenberg; Heli Pihlajamaa, Director Patent Law, European Patent Office (EPO); and James Signor of Leydig, Voit & Mayer, LTD. will address whether, following the Decision G 1/19 on Computer-implemented simulations by the Enlarged Board of Appeal (EBOA) of the European Patent Office, something has changed with respect to the assessment of patentability and inventiveness in Europe. # ⚓ FCBA_Remote_Program_on_Recent_Developments_in Hatch-Waxman_Litigation [Ed: The ‘Federal Circuit’ Bar Association (FCBA) needs to (however belatedly) rename because it’s misleading by design. It has nothing to do with CAFC itself, but it wants to confuse people 1, 2]]⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Road_to_Hell_Is_Paved_with_What_Everybody Knows [Ed: Patent litigation profiteer Kevin E. Noonan wants millions of human beings dead so that he can make more money from patents. This is sociopathic behaviour and ought to be treated accordingly.]⠀⇛ And everybody knows that suspending patent rights is necessary to provide sufficient vaccine to stem the global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus known as COVID-19. It is always a sign of intellectual weakness and pack animal thinking to believe something is true because “everybody knows”; recently American pathologists reaped the consequences of their “everybody knows” campaign against “gene patenting” in AMP v. Myriad Genetics (see “Schadenfreude Is Not Always An Unpleasant Feeling”), although evidence of this eventuality was available earlier (see “The ACLU, Working for the Man”). Sadly, the true roots of the issues arising over global vaccination have been known for almost a year (see “Latest COVID Conundrum: Accessibility of Vaccines (When They Are Available)”), and the wrong-headedness of proposals for a “patent waiver” have also been recognized (see “Suspending IP Protection: A Bad Idea (That Won’t Achieve Its Desired Goals)”). And yet, of course, the Biden Administration, speaking though the U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai, issued a press release yesterday supporting the waiver (see “Biden Administration Supports Waiver of IP Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines”). There is no silver lining and no Pollyanna or Professor Pangloss available to contend that this is good policy, but it may be informative to consider the possible outcomes that could arise depending on how any such waiver or suspension is effectuated. # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Flat_fees_v_billable:_how_in-house_conquer_cost challenges [Ed: When you only speak to massive corporations and get a weird perspective on what it's like to pay for lawyers (missing the overall ramifications there)]⠀⇛ Counsel from Red Lobster, Novartis, 3M, and two other companies reveal how they make the most of flat fees and billable hours # ⚓ Trademark_Modernization_Act:_how_in-house_are preparing [Ed: This has nothing to do with "Modernization" but tilting in favour of lobbyists and large corporations that control the government (more so over time)]⠀⇛ Counsel from Coty, Conair and two other companies reveal how the Trademark Modernization Act will shape clearance and enforcement strategies # ⚓ Cartier_Scores_Love_Bracelet_Win,_as_Trademark Landscape_Seems_to_Shift_in_Taiwan⠀⇛ The trademark landscape may be changing in Taiwan if a number of recent decisions coming from the Taiwan Intellectual Property Office (“TIPO”) are any indication. Traditionally known for shooting down applications that aim to register three-dimension shapes, the TIPO recently handed Cartier a win and agreed to register the 3D design of its Love Bracelet, finding that on the heels of filing an application in December 2017, the Paris-based jewelry company successfully established that the shape of the bracelet has acquired distinctiveness in the minds of consumers, thereby, enabling the bracelet, itself, to act as an indicator of source. # ⚓ Facebook_and_Gucci_File_Joint_Lawsuit_Against International_Counterfeiter [Ed: Facebook works for the super-wealthy and brags about it]⠀⇛ Today, as part of our ongoing efforts to enforce our Terms and protect against abuse, Facebook and Gucci filed a joint lawsuit against the head of an international counterfeiting business. Facebook, Inc. and Gucci America, Inc. sued an individual in the United States District Court, Northern District of California for breach of Facebook and Instagram’s Terms and infringement of Gucci’s intellectual property rights. Specifically, the defendant used multiple Facebook and Instagram accounts to evade Facebook’s enforcement efforts and continue to promote the sale of counterfeit Gucci products. Facebook and Instagram’s terms strictly prohibit IP infringement, including the sale or promotion of counterfeit products. Consistent with these terms, Facebook and Instagram have implemented robust IP protection measures including a global notice-and-takedown program, a robust repeat infringement policy and additional measures. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Around_the_IP_Blogs⠀⇛ The SpicyIP Blog published a guest post concerning copyright protection of musical fountains under the Chinese legislation. The post analyses the approach taken by at least on court in China (the report does not specify the court) regarding dynamic artworks and then compares it with Indian copyright law. # ⚓ Copyrighting_Musical_Fountains:_An_Analysis_of China’s_Approach_to_Dynamic_Artworks⠀⇛ We’re pleased to bring to you a guest post by Abhijay Srekanth, discussing a Chinese decision on copyrightability of a musical water fountain show and analysing whether the courts’ approach therein is compatible with Indian copyright law. Abhijay is a 4th law student at Jindal Global Law School, Sonipat. [...] Beijing Zhongke Shuijing Technology Co. claimed to own a copyright over a fountain show it arranged to the music “Beauty Overthrowing States and Cities” and “Streets Where Wind Lives” at the International Horticultural Exposition Music Fountain. It alleged that Beijing Zhongke Hengye Zhongzi Technology Co. had plagiarised its arrangement and played it at the West Lake Musical Fountain (Hangzhou), thereby violating its copyright. The question that, therefore, emerged was whether a fountain- show was copyrightable. The appellate court, inter alia, ruled that a musical fountain show would be copyrightable as a ‘fine-artwork’. Under Article 2 of the Implementing Regulation of Copyright Law of the Republic of China (hereinafter, ‘Implementing Regulation’), a ‘work’ is defined as “original intellectual creations in the literary, artistic and scientific domain, insofar as they are capable of being reproduced in a certain tangible form”. A work can be copyrighted if it meets four factors: (i) it is an expression, (ii) it is original, (iii) it is fixed (though this requirement may not apply strictly to all works), and (iv) that it can be replicated in some tangible form. On an evaluation of the water-fountain, the Court noted that the particular patterns of spray accompanying music and light were unique enough to be considered an original expression. In dealing with replication, the Court examined the infrastructure that enabled the fountain and held that the mechanical infrastructure and accompanying software when utilised by the fountain designer would produce the same show, thereby replicating the fountain at every instance resulting in its general protectability as a ‘work’. # ⚓ Anti-Piracy_Coalition_Shut_Down_Popular_Streaming Site_Cuevana…_But_It’s_Still_Online?⠀⇛ The Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment, a global anti-piracy coalition that includes the major Hollywood studios, Netflix, Amazon and others, has claimed a major victory. The group reports that it shut down Cuevana, one of the most popular pirate streaming operations in Latin America. Confusingly, however, the most popular Cuevana domain remains online. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3943 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.10.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_10/5/2021:_Huawei’s_GNU/Linux_Laptops_and_Kotlin_1.5.0⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:13 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ Linux_Weekly_Roundup_–_GNOME_3.38.6,_GParted_1.3,_and_More⠀⇛ Here’s a quick recap from this week’s DebugPoint.com weekly roundup (Week Ending May 9, 2021). Have a quick read. o ⚓ 9to5Linux_Weekly_Roundup:_May_9th,_2021⠀⇛ This week has been full of great news, starting with the release of the GParted 1.3 open-source partition editor, the Nitrux 1.4 Linux distribution, the Cawbird 1.4 Twitter client, the KDE Frameworks 5.82 software suite, as well as the Armbian 21.05 ARM distro. On top of that, I take a first look at the elementary OS 6 beta, Star Labs kicks off pre-orders for its brand-new StarBook Mk V Linux laptop, UBports calls for testing for their upcoming Ubuntu Touch OTA-17 software update, and Rocky Linux 8.3 and Linux kernel 5.13 now have a Release Candidate ready for public testing. o ⚓ Getting_started_with_edge_development_on_Linux_using_open source⠀⇛ There are many reasons why Linux is such a popular platform for processing Internet of Things (IoT) edge applications. A major one is transparency. Linux security capabilities are built on open source projects, giving users a transparent view of security risks and threats and enables them to apply fixes quickly with security module patches or kernel-level updates. Another Linux advantage is that developers can choose from various programming languages to develop, test, and run device communications over various networking protocols—other than HTTP(s)—when developing IoT edge applications. It also enables developers to address server programming for controlling data flow from IoT devices to front-end graphical user interface (GUI) applications. o ⚓ Run_Linux_on_Refurbished_Mini_PCs_–_Storage_–_Part_4⠀⇛ If you need a fast computer but don’t have much to spend, consider picking up an off-lease refurbished system. These PCs are a few years old and have seen some use, but they are often heavily discounted and offer a lot of bang for your buck. In this article we consider hard disk drives which form a central part of every modern PC. If you have lots of documents, music, photos and videos, you’ll need plenty of disk space. o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Unix_and_Linux_history⠀⇛ Meanwhile, on the East coast, Richard Stallman threw a fit when he couldn’t get the source code to his printer driver. He founded the GNU (GNU’s not Unix) project in 1983 intending to make a free Unix-like operating system, only better. After a little hesitation, the kernel of this operating system was chosen to be Hurd, which is going to be usable any decade now. Many components of the GNU project are included in all current free unices, in particular the compiler GCC. # ⚓ Huawei_launches_a_Linux_laptop_with_an_ARM-based_Kirin_990 processor⠀⇛ Over the last few years Chinese electronics company has been reducing its reliance on tech from other countries in response to trade restrictions imposed by the US. That’s meant developing a home-grown Android alternative for smartphones (albeit one that’s largely based on Android so far). Now Huawei has launched its first laptop that doesn’t feature an Intel or AMD chip. The Huawei Qingyun L410 is powered by Huwaei’s own Kirin 990 processor, an ARM-based chip that was initially developed for smartphones and tablets. o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Precisely_To_Bolster_Data_Governance_With_Infogix_Buy_–_IT Jungle [Ed: sponsored puff pieces. The site is doing this all the time.]⠀⇛ Both Precisely and Infogix have a history of developing products for IBM i and mainframe systems, and that will continue going forward, the Precisely spokesperson said. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_Isn’t_System76_in_Europe?_It’s_Complicated…⠀⇛ “When can I buy a System76 Linux PC in Europe WITHOUT the high cost of shipping and other fees?” System76 engineer Jeremy Soller hears this question all the time, and he’s got an answer. # ⚓ GNU_World_Order_406⠀⇛ Cmake. The demo Cmake script from this episode is : cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10) project(World VERSION 1.0) add_executable(World world.c) file (COPY assets DESTINATION “$ {CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}”) target_include_directories(World PUBLIC “$ {PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}”) install(TARGETS World) install(DIRECTORY assets/ TYPE DATA) # ⚓ Audacity_wants_your_data._And_why_that’s_(probably)_OKAY. [Ed: Gardiner Bryant misses the point that this was not opt- in until the outrage and the storm put a massive strain on the project/development [1, 2]]⠀⇛ Why has Pull Request #835 raised the ire of so many free software advocates? Because Audacity had the… errr… well… audacity to introduce opt-in telemetry collection into the application. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ AMD_Refactors_MCE_Driver_Code,_Prepares_For_Future_While Finally_Adding_DF3/Rome_Support⠀⇛ AMD has published a set of patches refactoring their MCE kernel driver, making various machine check architecture (MCA) address translation updates in preparing for “future systems” while at the same time finally introducing Data Fabric 3 support for EPYC 7002 “Rome” processors and newer. Published on Friday were a set of 25 patches to improve the AMD MCA address translation code within their machine-check exception driver. The patch cover letter notes that “the reference code was recently refactored in preparation for updates for future systems.” # ⚓ Torvalds_says_Apple_chips_not_ready_for_Linux_yet⠀⇛ IT’s Mr Sweary Linus Torvalds appears to have disappointed an Apple fanboy interviewer by playing down Apple’s new ARM64 chips. Torvalds was actually asked in an interview by Jeremy Andrews who was the CEO of Drupal outfit Tag1 if he was going to be an early adopter of Apple’s ARM64 chip when it boots Linux and invited him to praise Apple’s chip. Much to Andrews surprise, Torvalds failed to praise the new chip to the skies or talk about how wonderful the Apple’s MacBook was. # ⚓ Linux_Kernel_5.13_RC1_Released_with_Apple_M1_SoC_Support and_Many_Improvements⠀⇛ The Linux Kernel 5.13 RC1 – first release candidate is here for you. You can download and test now. We take a look at the new features in this Kernel release. # ⚓ Btrfs:_Advantages_of_upgrading_from_UEK5_to_UEK6⠀⇛ Oracle UEK kernels have been providing the btrfs filesystem since release 5 (UEK5). The most recent UEK kernel is release 6 (UEK6), which is based on Linux kernel 5.4, where as UEK5 is based on Linux kernel 4.14. UEK6 as you would expect contains a lot more fixes and improvements as compared to UEK5. With specific regard to the btrfs filesystem, I will skim through a few significant improvements and fixes in UEK6. Bear in mind that UEK6 btrfs includes many other bug fixes other than what is listed below. In general as a rule of thumb, it is encouraged to use UEK6 when possible. Also, the backporting of newly reported btrfs mainline bugs is more likely to occur and more feasible in UEK6 when compared to UEK5. o § Benchmarks⠀➾ # ⚓ NVIDIA_GeForce_RTX_3090_–_Windows_vs._Linux_GPU_Compute Performance⠀⇛ Following the recent RTX 30 series Linux gaming benchmarks and RTX 30 compute comparison, I was curious how the Linux performance for the flagship GeForce RTX 3090 graphics card compares to the Windows 10 performance in various GPU compute workloads. Well, here are those benchmarks for those wondering about Vulkan / OpenCL / CUDA / OptiX compute performance between Windows and Linux with the very latest NVIDIA drivers. With the official NVIDIA Windows and Linux (and FreeBSD and Solari) drivers being comprised from largely the same sources, historically the performance has been close to the same across platforms when it comes to the binary driver speed. It mostly though comes down to a function of the application/game under test how well it is optimized for a given platform and if it’s relying upon any emulation / additional abstraction layers primarily on Linux. For today’s article is a fresh look at the Windows vs. Linux NVIDIA performance when focusing in on the GPU compute performance. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Blender_Was_Downloaded_More_Than_14_Million_Times_in_2020⠀⇛ Blender has dropped its annual report for 2020 [PDF], and in it, we learn that the 3D graphics software was downloaded over 14 million times last year. Having rolled out four major releases during the year, that’s an average of 3.5 million downloads per release. “This is a significant increase across all operating systems,” the report reads. # ⚓ SonoBus:_An_Open_Source_Peer-to-Peer_Audio_Streaming_App with_Cross-Platform_Support⠀⇛ Audio streaming services are extremely popular nowadays when listening to music. However, a local collection is still a useful way that does not require to be constantly connected to the Internet. Even though a streaming music service is convenient, you do not really own the music. So, if there is a licensing issue, the platform might remove your favorite music, and you cannot do anything about it. And, with a local music collection, you do not have that problem. But, how do you stream your local music over a network of devices or share with a group? o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_Enable_PipeWire_Audio_Service_to_Replace_PulseAudio in_Ubuntu_21.04_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ Want to try out the Pipewire sound server? It’s easy to do this in Ubuntu 21.04, and here’s how! PipeWire is a server for handling multimedia on Linux. Its most common use is for Wayland and Flatpak apps to implement audio and video playback and capture with minimal latency. And it offers seamless support for PulseAudio, JACK, ALSA, and GStreamer based applications. # ⚓ How_to_install_GhostBSD_21.04.27⠀⇛ In this video, I am going to show how to install GhostBSD 21.04.27. # ⚓ Ben_Cotton:_Using_Element_as_an_IRC_clientBen_Cotton:_Using Element_as_an_IRC_client⠀⇛ Like many who work in open source communities, IRC is a key part of my daily life. Its simplicity has made it a mainstay. But the lack of richness also makes it unattractive to many newcomers. As a result, newer chat protocols are gaining traction. Matrix is one of those. I first created a Matrix account to participate in the Fedora Social Hour. But since Matrix.org is bridged to Freenode, I thought I’d give Element (a popular Matrix client) a try as an IRC client, too. I’ve been using Element almost exclusively for the last few months. Here’s what I think of it. [...] Generally, using Element for IRC has been a net positive. I’m looking forward to more of the chats I use becoming Matrix-native so I don’t have to worry about the IRC side as much. I’d also like the few chats I have on Facebook Messenger and Slack to move to Matrix. But that’s not a windmill I’m willing to tilt at for now. In the meantime, I’ll keep using Element for most of my IRC needs, but I’m not quite ready to uninstall Konversation. # ⚓ [_Easy_]_TeamViewer_Install_In_Ubuntu_Linux⠀⇛ TeamViewer is software for remote access and remote control, allowing you a remote access to other computers and devices. It was first released in 2005 and its functionality is expanding step by step. TeamViewer is proprietary software, but does not require registration and is free for non-commercial use. One cool thing about TeamViewer is that is available for all desktop computers and smartphones with common operating systems, like Linux, Windows, BSD, Android, Apple and etc. # ⚓ Yes,_You_Can_Use_LibreOffice_as_a_PDF_Editor_–_Here’s_How⠀⇛ You might have come across PDF files while sharing or viewing digital documents. But do you know that you can easily edit these files on your Linux machine? This guide will show you how to edit and create PDF files using the LibreOffice suite, a free and open-source office suite alternative to Microsoft Office. What Is LibreOffice? LibreOffice is an open-source office software suite mainly comprised of LibreOffice Draw, LibreOffice Writer, and LibreOffice Calc. You can use LibreOffice for editing and creating PDF documents, word documents, excel sheets, etc. Most Linux distros such as Ubuntu use LibreOffice as the default office suite; many other distros prefer OpenOffice as well. The LibreOffice suite is also available on other mainstream operating systems such as Windows and macOS. # ⚓ How_To_Change_Linux_Terminal_Colors_on_the_Fly_|_Tom’s Hardware⠀⇛ As wonderful as the Linux command-line is, it can sometimes need a little customization to make it truly our own. While most terminal emulators ship with a few different theme options such as Solorized, Orchid, etc. out of the box, you might on occasion feel the need for different color schemes. While you could manually play with the different color palettes to create a scheme that you find appealing, this is a time-consuming process. Paleta is a nifty little tool that provides more than 150 different color schemes for your terminal. It works across many Linux distributions including the Raspberry Pi and switching color schemes involves running a single command from the terminal. # ⚓ Input/Output_Redirection_in_Linux/Unix_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Redirection is a feature in Linux such that when executing a command, you can change the standard input/output devices. The basic workflow of any Linux command is that it takes an input and give an output. # ⚓ How_to_install_JBoss_EAP_7.3_on_Centos_8_/_RHEL_8_– Unixcop⠀⇛ Referring from Redhat, Red Hat® JBoss® Enterprise Application Platform (EAP) is a middleware platform built on open standards and compliant with the Java Enterprise Edition specification. # ⚓ Install_&_Configure_NTP_on_multiple_CentOS_7/8_servers using_Ansible_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Network Time Protocol – NTP- is a protocol which runs over port 123 UDP at Transport Layer and allows computers to synchronize time over networks for an accurate time. While time is passing by, computers internal clocks tend to drift which can lead to inconsistent time issues, especially on servers and clients logs files or if you want to replicate servers resources or databases. # ⚓ How_to_Download,_install_and_configure_Zabbix_5.0_on_Centos 8/RHEL_8_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Zabbix is a open source monitoring tool which keeps an eye on various IT components such as network, servers, Virtual Machines in real time. It can not only monitor thousand of metrics collected from physical as well as virtual machines but also network utilization, CPU load and Disk space consumption. Zabbix has a web management interface which is centralized through a database. Zabbix has the power to visualize your data in the form of graphs ,maps, screens and overviews. # ⚓ 8_Quick_Date_Command_Examples_in_Linux⠀⇛ Maintaining accurate date on a Linux system is one of the essential skills that any Linux user should have at their fingertips. The Linux date command is used to display and set the date and time settings on a Linux system. This tutorial gives you a glimpse of how you can use the date command to display and set the date on your Linux system. # ⚓ Getting_Started_with_Vagrant_and_VirtualBox_–_Part_1⠀⇛ LinuxShellTips is happy to present a series on Vagrant. If you are someone who is using virtualization software like VirtualBox, Hyper-V, KVM, Docker, and AWS then this tool will be a great addition to your toolbox. This Vagrant series is focused on introducing what is vagrant, core aspects of vagrant, and automation features it provides. # ⚓ Wallpaper_corruption_hopefully_fixed_in_containers⠀⇛ Another problem is that the ‘PuppyPin’ and ‘globicons’ files are at different places, depending on the distro. Easy and many pups have them at /root/Choices/ROX-Filer, but some pups may have them at /root/.config/rox.sourceforge.net/ROX- Filer, and fatdog has them initially at /etc/xdg/ rox.sourceforge.net/ROX-Filer. # ⚓ Make_Jenkins_logs_pretty⠀⇛ Jenkins is a free and open source automation server for building, testing, and deploying code. It’s the backbone of continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) and can save developers hours each day and protect them from having failed code go live. When code does fail, or when a developer needs to see the output of tests, Jenkins provides log files for review. The default Jenkins pipeline logs can be difficult to read. This quick summary of Jenkins logging basics offers some tips (and code) on how to make them more readable. # ⚓ Automating_the_testing_process_for_SystemTap,_Part_2:_Test result_analysis_with_Bunsen_–_Red_Hat_Developer⠀⇛ This is the second article of a two-part series in which I describe the automated testing infrastructure that I am developing for the SystemTap project. The first article, “Automating the testing process for SystemTap, Part 1: Test automation with libvirt and Buildbot,” described my solution for managing test machines and for producing SystemTap test results. This follow-up article continues by describing Bunsen, the toolkit I developed for storing and analyzing test results. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ 0_A.D._Alpha_25_enters_feature-freeze_soon,_get_a_sneak- peak_of_what’s_coming_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ 0 A.D. Alpha 25, the very impressive free and open source RTS is closing in on the next release and it’s entering a Feature Freeze soon to focus on stability. The last release back in February took a very long time, partly as some major internal upgrades were done so now they’re hoping to be a bit more regular. # ⚓ Release_candidate:_Godot_3.3.1_RC_1⠀⇛ We released Godot 3.3 a couple of weeks ago, and feedback so far has been pretty good! But like with any major milestone, there are some bugs which are worth addressing with low-risk maintenance releases to further improve the experience for all Godot users. The upcoming Godot 3.3.1, like all future 3.3.x releases, focuses purely on bug fixes, and aims to preserve compatibility. This Release Candidate should help us validate the fixes done so far, and ensure that the release is ready to publish. As there is no new feature and only bug fixes, this RC 1 should be as stable as 3.3-stable and can be used in production if you need one of the fixes it includes. # ⚓ The_10_Best_&_Free_Linux_Games_You_Can_Play_Now⠀⇛ There are several games explicitly developed for the Linux platform. This article will discuss the best free Linux games suitable for your Linux distro. Remember, there are other paid Linux games. However, in this article, you will spend nothing since we shall only cover the free Linux games. Generally, Linux has lots of outstanding games offered at fair and affordable prices. However, this does not favor all users since some require only free games. A key point to note about the Linux games is that nearly all of them are categorized as open-source. This means that their initial source code can be altered or modified to the gamer’s preference. # ⚓ Fate_of_Dynasty_is_a_wonderful_short,_free_and_open_source puzzle_game_out_now⠀⇛ Short on time and want to try something new? It’s Free Game Monday™! Come check out Fate of Dynasty which is open source. Originally created for the Global Game Jam 2021, it was created over 48 hours and shows a great example of what a small team can do. “Fate of Dynasty is a short lore exploration puzzle game inspired by walking simulators such as Gone Home, Dear Esther, and Layers of Fear. Figure out how to perform the ritual to put an end to the tyranny of the ruling dynasty.” # ⚓ Feel_the_need_for_a_little_karaoke?_Check_out_UltraStar Play_and_UltraStar_Deluxe⠀⇛ Two interesting projects we’ve not covered here before are UltraStar Deluxe and the newer UltraStar Play, both open source games aimed at karaoke fans. You’ve likely somewhere heard of SingStar, an exclusive PlayStation series. Sadly, it was shut and so it’s mostly lost. Thankfully though, as usual, open source to the rescue! # ⚓ VR_is_absolutely_insane,_I_am_officially_a_convert_and_it works_mostly_great_on_Linux⠀⇛ It is time! I finally have a Valve Index with thanks to supporter Scaine and it has genuinely blown a few braincells away with just how incredible an experience it actually is. Unlike some, I wasn’t originally sold on VR — at all. Partly because of the price factor, which is a genuine issue to adoption, especially with the more limited VR options on Linux with just the HTC Vive and the Valve Index. The big point was the idea of having a weighty device strapped to my face did not appeal to me. I stayed mostly away from it and didn’t follow much – oh how wrong I have been all this time. It’s simply like nothing else. # ⚓ Super_Woden_GP_looks_like_a_promising_upcoming_top-down racer⠀⇛ Featuring a top-down view, Super Woden GP looks like it could bring some excitement when it comes to Linux later this year from developer ViJuDa. “Feel the excitement of the 90s with the isometric perspective, its huge number of vehicles and its brilliant soundtrack. More than 60 cars from six manufacturers from different countries to buy, an extensive campaign mode, dozens of circuits, rally stages, championships, and much more awaits you!” # ⚓ Epic_science_fantasy_roguelike_Caves_of_Qud_adds_new_game modes_with_checkpoints_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Not a big fan of permadeath? Good news for you as Caves of Qud, the awesome science fantasy roguelike epic, now has new game modes in Beta. While the traditional and normal mode of the game remains as permanent death, the current opt-in Beta on Steam now has new options available which should help people explore its truly wonderful and bizarre world. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ 10_Years_in_KDE_–_A_Retrospective⠀⇛ I actually started writing on this blog post last December, to have plenty of time for collecting trivia and ideas, never before seen prototype screenshots, and more. I surely wouldn’t have thought this to turn into half an autobiography. Mind that I’ll try my best to verify the statements that follow but they can still be inaccurate or skewed from being just memories. Now grab a cup of your favorite beverage, sit back, and join me on this trip down memory lane. My earliest recollection of using KDE was in 1999 on SuSE Linux 6.1. Back when the “KDE Desktop Environment” was the actual product name, which is why you still hear people say “I use KDE 5” today. I still fondly remember how it had an isometric K for its start button rather than the gears logo we know and love today. I was also quite fascinated by the green and blue, depending on your edition, crystal formations on SuSE packaging – the physical cardboard boxes, that is. You could even find those 2 kg boxes that featured a tome of a manual and several CD- ROMs at your local electronics store. I still used Windows as my main operating system, though, originally Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0, later Windows 98 because a video editing software I wanted required it, and finally Windows XP, which would be the last Windows release I used on a daily basis. I occasionally toyed around with later SuSE releases, I went to 6.4 and then 7.1, which was the first one to come on a DVD. We didn’t have a DVD drive back then, so I had to put up with the 7 or so CDs it came with. For some reason I don’t remember we had to reinstall the system several times and at some point we created a backup copy of the first CD, and as if we had known, it actually shattered in the drive on the next installation attempt. [...] In Summer 2014 Jos Poortvliet persuaded me to sign up for my very first Akademy, KDE’s annual developer conference, in Brno, Czechia in September. Getting there was quite a chore, as I had to fly into Vienna and then proceed to Brno by coach. That bus departed every other hour but I didn’t want to risk missing it so I had to spend three hours at Vienna airport. I still vividly remember a thread on the Akademy mailing list about “bring your own toilet paper” and indeed the hotel we stayed at featured the roughest, grayest recycling tissue I have ever seen. The week was great fun with delicious food and made me wonder why I didn’t go to an Akademy sooner – make sure, whenever we can meet again in person that you, dear reader, go, too! We have now arrived in the year 2015 where I will wrap up this post. This blog instance was set up in that year and from now on you’ll be able to follow my development on your own. While there are surely many more fun stories and anecdotes to tell, there has to be some material left for a sequel 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇;)⦈ I hope you enjoyed this history lesson and I can only encourage you to do the same, reflect on what you’ve achieved and tell the world, inspire others! Bhushan Shah once told me how some of my posts on Google+ years ago got him into KDE and can you imagine KDE and Plasma Mobile without him? I owe my entire professional career, pretty much all my debugging, and programming skills to all those talented people in the KDE Community. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ My_Little_Contribution_to_GNOME_40⠀⇛ GNOME 40 is finally out and I’m happy to say a small contribution of mine made it into the release. My contribution adds a new feature to GNOME System Monitor version 40. Few articles about GNOME 40 mention it, but some power users might find my contribution useful. This new feature essentially turns GNOME System Monitor into a graphical user interface for GNU Taskset, allowing you to set or adjust the CPU affinity of any process using a simple check box dialog window similar to how it’s done in the Windows Task Manager. To use this new feature all you need to do is right click any process and then click the “Set Affinity” menu item, this will bring up the CPU affinity dialog with check boxes for each processor core. These check boxes will be prefilled/auto-checked based on the process’ current CPU affinity. Check or uncheck specific cores, then hit apply and you’ve successfully adjusted which CPU cores the process is allowed to run on. o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ Freespire_7.5_Linux_Distro_Released_with_Xfce_4.16,_Based on_Xubuntu_20.04_LTS⠀⇛ Based on Xubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) and powered by Linux kernel 5.4 LTS, Freespire 7.5 is here as an update to Freespire 7.0 and a free version of the Linspire operating system, featuring the latest Xfce 4.16 desktop environment and various updated components. Freespire releases are usually based on the most recent LTS (Long-Term Support) version of Ubuntu Linux, and Freespire 7.5 looks to incorporate all the updates from the upstream repositories of Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS, but it sticks with the long- term supported Linux 5.4 kernel series instead of the newer Linux kernel 5.8, which can be installed from the repos. # ⚓ Illumos_Dropping_SPARC,_Allows_For_Newer_Compiler_+ Eventual_Use_Of_Rust_In_The_Kernel⠀⇛ The Illumos project born out of the former Sun Microsystems OpenSolaris codebase has decided to end support for SPARC hardware. While SPARC and Solaris/OpenSolaris once went hand in hand, with major SPARC development pretty much being over and Oracle having laid off much of their SPARC engineers years ago, the future isn’t exactly vibrant. However, more immediately pressing is that Illumos developers don’t even have sufficient SPARC hardware access. # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ SUSE_Linux_Enterprise_15_Service_Pack_3_Public Release_Candidate_is_out!⠀⇛ Starting with SP3, we are now offering packages pre-built binaries from SLE in addition to the sources we were previously providing to openSUSE. This means that openSUSE Leap and SUSE Linux Enterprise are closer together than before, thus easing the migration from openSUSE Leap to SLES. This article will tell you more about how openSUSE and SLE were made in the past years but also the important changes with openSUSE Leap 15.3 and SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 Service Pack 3. # ⚓ 3_Reasons_Why_Authorized_Training_Matters⠀⇛ How often have you or your team answered cursory or even critical IT related questions with an approach of “I’ll just Google or YouTube it”? With the skills shortage at record highs and the skills gap a continuing concern among IT departments, you might be hearing this more and more often. # ⚓ Four_SUSE_Colleagues_Recognized_by_CRN’s_Women_of_the Channel_2021⠀⇛ It gives me great pleasure to announce that four of our talented colleagues at SUSE have been recognised by CRN in their Women of the Channel listing for 2021. # ⚓ Data_Transformation_taken_Out-of-this-_World_@ SUSECON_Digital_2021_with_Fujitsu_and_SUSE⠀⇛ As we prepare for our second annual online SUSECON Digital event, we’ve extended our theme of ‘Innovate Everywhere’ and taken it quite literally. This year, SUSECON will ‘launch’ into another universe, and take you to three virtual worlds; Linux World, Kube World and Edge World. Where your SUSECON rocketship will take you, will be up to you. But, what we can promise you is that SUSECON Digital 2021 will be ‘out-of-this-world’. # ⚓ SUSE_Training:_Limited-Time_Offer⠀⇛ # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ 5_totally_useless_Linux_commands⠀⇛ At one time or another, I’m sure all of these commands had their purpose but whatever that purpose was, it no longer exists. Programming is hard work. It’s time-consuming, it’s tedious, and when something goes wrong, it can take hours or days to find that missing semicolon or extra space that throws everything off. I get that and I apologize to the dedicated programmers who wasted their time creating these filesystem invaders. # ⚓ Use_knowledge_graphs_to_discover_open_source_package vulnerabilities⠀⇛ Technology and infrastructure generate an enormous amount of data on a day-to-day basis. Building knowledge out of this data in various real-world domains can be a big challenge. This article describes how to derive concise and precise knowledge from data and use it to track vulnerabilities in the software stack. It presents challenges related to package security and vulnerability and how they can be addressed using a knowledge graph. After reading this article, you’ll understand the concept of the knowledge graph and how you can apply it to your domain. [...] Most large organizations employ open source libraries and components to build software used internally and externally. While open source helps solve many problems, developers need to understand how to track security vulnerabilities in all the software they use. Security vulnerabilities can be brought into host software by the libraries and tools on which it depends. The problem grows as more and more dependencies are included. Ensuring the most secure versions of software dependencies are used can be tedious and time consuming. Although open source package vulnerability databases are frequently updated, tracking those databases on a daily basis, or even per release, can be difficult during medium- and large-scale software development. # ⚓ 10_signs_of_successful_IT_leaders_in_the_next normal⠀⇛ # ⚓ 8_leadership_books_to_read_now_for_self-improvement⠀⇛ # ⚓ Remote-first_culture:_LogMeIn’s_CIO_on_how_to_do_it and_why [Ed: IBM/Red Hat boosting proprietary software; no wonder IBM cannot_get_along_with_RMS… they also impose Slack on all staff]]⠀⇛ # ⚓ OpenPOWER_Foundation_announces_LibreBMC,_a_POWER- based,_fully_open-source_BMC⠀⇛ Baseboard management controllers (BMCs) are a mainstay in data centers. They enable remote monitoring and access to servers, and they’re responsible for the rise of “lights out management.” But from a hardware perspective, there has been little innovation in this space for years. BMC processors are built on legacy architectures that are proprietary and closed. The OpenPOWER Foundation is announcing a new workgroup to develop LibreBMC, the first ever baseboard management controller with completely open-source software and hardware. The processor will be based on the POWER ISA, which was open-sourced by IBM at OpenPOWER Summit North America in August, 2019. # ⚓ OpenPOWER_Announces_LibreBMC_As_POWER_Open-Source BMC⠀⇛ Once the LibreBMC design is complete, which will be worked on using the open-source LiteX software, the plan is for LibreBMC to run the OpenBMC software stack. LibreBMC intends to be compatible with the Open Compute Project’s DC-SCM specification. LibreBMC is being designed from the start to be open-source compared to the various BMCs today running Linux/open-source software now only after the fact when being “freed” by various organizations caring about open-source support at such low levels in the server. # ⚓ The_NeuroFedora_Blog:_Next_Open_NeuroFedora_meeting: 10_May_1300_UTC⠀⇛ Please join us at the next regular Open NeuroFedora team meeting on Monday 10 May at 1300UTC in #fedora-neuro on IRC (Freenode). The meeting is a public meeting, and open for everyone to attend # ⚓ Copr:_EOL_Copr_APIv1_and_APIv2,_pt.2⠀⇛ During the last year, we are incrementally dropping support for Copr’s APIv1 and APIv2. We kindly ask you to migrate to APIv3. Some reasoning and our motivation for doing so can be found the Copr has a brand new API blog post. # ⚓ Stronger_UX_and_beyond:_The_benefits_of_applying_an experience-driven_mindset⠀⇛ On Red Hat’s User Experience Design (UXD) team, our connection to user experience runs deep (and not just because it’s in our name). We research, design, develop, and write together to make UX more accessible, intuitive, and inclusive across Red Hat’s product portfolio. What can you and your team gain from focusing on these experiences too? From streamlined project plans to smoother communication, evaluating and strengthening the experiences you create brings no shortage of internal and external advantages to your team, your work, and your users. We’ll highlight some of these benefits in this post. # ⚓ Kafka_Monthly_Digest_–_April_2021⠀⇛ John Roesler released 2.8.0 on April 19. A post was published on the Apache blog, and as always you can find the full list of changes in the release notes or in the release plan on the wiki. Kafka 2.8.0 introduces the option to run Kafka without ZooKeeper in early access (KIP- 500). This mode is named KRaft, for Kafka Raft. This is not for production as there is currently no migration path and many features are still disabled, but if you want to try it out in a test cluster before 3.0.0, see the KRaft README. # ⚓ Use_Esri_mapping_tools_to_bring_your_Call_for_Code app_to_life⠀⇛ Call for Code is a global initiative that aims to take on the world’s most urgent issues, such as climate change and racial injustice, with open source, sustainable solutions. But developers can’t do this alone — they need support from IBM and ecosystem partners to ensure that they have the right tools to build solutions and support for deployment. Esri, a global leader in mapping and location intelligence, is partnering with IBM and David Clark Cause as a Call for Code supporter. Esri’s ArcGIS Platform, apps, and data combine mapping and data analytics to deliver location intelligence to help solve difficult problems and inspire positive change. # ⚓ Red_Hat_OpenShift_Helps_Boehringer_Ingelheim_Scale Its_Digital_Healthcare_Portfolio⠀⇛ Germany-based Boehringer Ingelheim has used Red Hat OpenShift to accelerate the development of its digital healthcare portfolio and enable the continuous delivery of new applications and services. With Red Hat OpenShift, Boehringer Ingelheim has increased productivity, streamlined compliance and achieved up to five times faster delivery to market of new services through automated scaling and management processes. Running self hosted Red Hat OpenShift in its datacenters around the globe and Red Hat OpenShift Dedicated, a fully managed service of Red Hat OpenShift on Amazon Web Services, Boehringer Ingelheim’s developers can develop and deploy applications faster and in the environment of their choice. # ⚓ Ansible_Will_Stick_to_the_Inclusive_Language_in_the New_Version⠀⇛ Ansible community reviewed the Ansible codebase and documentation and made alternative terminology recommendations across the board. The words “master” and “slave” have been widely used for decades in computing and other technical contexts, as a reference to situations where one process or entity controls another. Nowadays the organization is tackling to getting rid of computer engineering terms that evoke racist history, like “master” and “slave” and “whitelist” and “blacklist.” So now the Ansible project is working to eliminate racism and other harmful prejudices from the project’s code and community. During the current development cycle, the Ansible project has made significant progress in its goals to make the community and code more welcoming and inclusive. With the release of Ansible Core 2.11, harmful terminology in the Ansible codebase is deprecated and it comes with new replacement terms. # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Debian_vs_Ubuntu_For_Server_Use,_Which_One_To Choose⠀⇛ If you’re setting up a new server, one of the most important decisions to make is the operating system you’ll be using. Debian and Ubuntu are used both as a desktop OS and as a server. They are two of the most popular Linux distributions in history. As everybody know, Ubuntu is a Debian-based distribution, but it is not an exact copy by any means and there are great similarities but also great differences between the two. In other words, they are two sides of the same coin. When it comes to taking a look at the servers of these two OSs and choose which one is the better one, it should be said that this decision heavily depends on your preferences. You may have heard that Debian is a distribution for experts, and Ubuntu for beginners. That is true, so far as it goes. However, that distinction is more historic than contemporary. # ⚓ Armbian_21.05_Now_Available⠀⇛ The Armbian developers have released the latest update to the Debian-based Linux distribution geared for ARM and embedded devices. For anyone that makes use of ARM-based architecture, you have a friend in Armbian, which is a Debian-based Linux distribution, purpose-built for ARM and embedded devices (including development boards and Linux phones). Armbian is a simple-to-use, lightweight, secure Linux distribution, optimized for ARM-based hardware. This new release includes the 5.11 kernel, which now includes support for the Orange Pi R1 Plus as well as improved NVIDIA Jetson Nano support. # ⚓ Jonathan_Carter:_Free_software_activities_for_2021- 04⠀⇛ Here are some uploads for April. # ⚓ Russell_Coker:_Minikube_and_Debian⠀⇛ I just started looking at the Kubernetes documentation and interactive tutorial [1], which incidentally is really good. Everyone who is developing a complex system should look at this to get some ideas for online training. Here are some notes on setting it up on Debian. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Hands-On_Video_Gives_Us_a_Closer_Look_at_the_JingPad_Linux Tablet⠀⇛ JingOS developers are gearing up to launch a crowdfunding campaign for the iPad-inspired slate next month. But, ahead of that they give us an up- close look at the hardware itself in a video preview. Sadly, it’s not my hands doing the previewing, but those of a JingOS developer. JingPad reviews from independent/third party folks will, I’m told, appear around the time that the crowdfunding campaign goes live. In this video a JingOS dev gives us a tour of the JingPad A1 hardware on the first unit fresh out of the factory. We get to see the premium-looking gorilla glass back (though lacking a fingerprint resistant coating foe now); discover that the A1 has a front 8MP camera and 16MP rear facing camera; and learn that the power/lock button comes with a built-in fingerprint sensor — a nice touch. # ⚓ HybridOS_is_an_open-source_operating_system_designed_for smart_IoT_devices_and_cloud_computing_environment⠀⇛ As I wrote about the “Summer 2021 of Open Source Promotion Plan” earlier, I noticed a new open- source operating system called HybridOS described as “totally new” and designed for “smart IoT devices and cloud computing environment”. It’s actually more of an ecosystem than an operating system, as it offers three main components with a device side running on devices running Linux kernel or another POSIX-compatible kernel, a server side running on servers in the cloud, and a client side to manage the cloud and devices from Windows, Linux distributions, iOS, or Android. # ⚓ Allwinner_R818_SoC_is_made_for_smart_speakers_with_a_screen –_CNX_Software⠀⇛ That also means an Android 10.0 SDK, and support for Allwinner wireless chips namely Allwinner XR829 802.11 b/g/n WiFI 4 & BT4.2, and Allwinner AW859A 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac WiFI 5 & BT 5.0. Allwinner designed an R818 evaluation board, but I cannot find it for sale anywhere yet. Besides Android support, another operating system is being developed partially based on Huawei HarmonyOS, more specifically OpenHarmony. I’ll try to get more details and write about it tomorrow. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Best_Free_Android_Apps:_Vector_Pinball_–_pinball_game sporting_simple_vector_graphics⠀⇛ # ⚓ 10_Best_Rhythm_Games_for_Android_That_A_Music_Lover Can’t_Miss⠀⇛ # ⚓ Top_6_Fixes_for_Android_Phone_Stuck_in_Safe_Mode⠀⇛ # ⚓ KDE_Connect’s_Android_App_Gets_a_Mini_Makeover⠀⇛ # ⚓ Oculus_Quest_2_users_might_soon_be_able_to_download Android_apps⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Fix_the_“Unfortunately,_Camera_Has_Stopped” Error_on_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_take_a_screenshot_on_an_Android_phone_—_Steps for_Samsung,_OnePlus,_Pixel_and_more_|_Laptop_Mag⠀⇛ # ⚓ Serious_Android_flaw_threatens_hundreds_of_millions of_users_—_what_to_do_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ Nokia_Android_11_update_delays_made_official_– SlashGear⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_A12_starts_getting_the_Android_11 update_–_SamMobile⠀⇛ # ⚓ OPPO_ColorOS_11_update_(Android_11)_tracker⠀⇛ # ⚓ Q_Plus_Android_TV_Box_2.4Ghz_WiFi_6K_HDMI_Is_Up_For An_Amazing_Offer_For_The_Next_Few_Days_–_Avail_Now⠀⇛ # ⚓ Vivo_promises_three_years_of_major_Android_updates for_flagships_phones⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Daniel_Stenberg:_The_libcurl_transfer_state_machine⠀⇛ I’ve worked hard on making the presentation I ended up calling libcurl under the hood. A part of that presentation is spent on explaining the main libcurl transfer state machine and here I’ll try to document some of what, in a written form. Understanding the main transfer state machine in libcurl could be valuable and interesting for anyone who wants to work on libcurl internals and maybe improve it. [...] What this state diagram and explanation doesn’t show is of course that in each of these states, there can be protocol specific handling and each of those functions might in themselves of course have their own state machines to control what to do and how to handle the protocol details. Each protocol in libcurl has its own “protocol handler” and most of the protocol specific stuff in libcurl is then done by calls from the generic parts to the protocol specific parts with calls like protocol_handler->proto_connect() that calls the protocol specific connection procedure. This allows the generic state machine described in this blog post to not really know the protocol specifics and yet all the currently support 26 transfer protocols can be supported. # ⚓ ‘Software_contract’_simplifies_cooperation_between different_industrial_system_components⠀⇛ ComMa is a method that TNO-ESI developed together with Philips and will soon be offered as an open source resource via the Eclipse Foundation. [...] ComMa will be available as an open source package via the Eclipse Foundation. The Eclipse Foundation is a renowned worldwide community for cooperation and innovation in the field of open source software. TNO recently became a member of this non- profit organisation. Expectations are that this will be realised by mid 2021 under the name Eclipse CommaSuite™. Until that time, the technology is available to ESI partners and others through a licencing agreement. # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Browser_Wish_List_–_Tabs_and_bookmarks_are_the same_thing⠀⇛ My browser is my like an office room with desk and shelves, where the information is accessible. Information is stacked, accessible, sometimes open and browsable at glance and some deep on the shelves. But how would I want to have access it in the browser. Currently we bury the information of tabs and bookmarks in a big bind of context without giving any help for managing apart of having to go through the list of pages one by one. No wonder why people feel overwhelmed and try to limit the number of tabs they have opened. Because big numbers rely on external tools (Tree Style Tabs, Sidebery, Containers, etc) which do not go far enough to manage the tabs. # § FSF⠀➾ # § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ GNU_Guile_3.0.7_released⠀⇛ We are humbled to announce the release of GNU Guile 3.0.7. This release fixes a number of bugs, a couple of which were introduced in the previous release. For full details, see the NEWS entry. See the release note for signatures, download links, and all the rest. Happy hacking! # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Kotlin_1.5.0_–_the_First_Big_Release_of_2021_|_The Kotlin_Blog⠀⇛ Welcome the first feature release in accordance with the new release schedule – Kotlin 1.5.0! This release delivers stable language features such as JVM records, sealed interfaces, inline classes, and includes the new default JVM IR compiler. Your feedback on the feature previews in Kotlin 1.4.30 and Kotlin 1.5.0 EAP releases have really helped us to stabilize these features. # ⚓ Kotlin_1.5.0_Released⠀⇛ JetBrains has released the latest version of the free and open source Kotlin programming language. Kotlin is a general purpose programming language designed for Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and Android that combines object-oriented and functional programming features. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Openwashing⠀➾ # ⚓ Interview_with_Masato_Endo,_OpenChain Project_Japan [Ed: Linux Foundation Editorial Director is a person from Microsoft… let that sink in]⠀⇛ Linux Foundation Editorial Director Jason Perlow had a chance to speak with Masato Endo, OpenChain Project Automotive Chair and Leader of the OpenChain Project Japan Work Group Promotion Sub Group, about the Japan Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry’s (METI) recent study on open source software management. # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Linux_Foundation_and_NGMN Collaborate_on_End-to-End_5G_and Beyond⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_Joins_Hands_With NGMN_To_Focus_On_End-to-End_5G_And Beyond⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Linux_Foundation_and_NGMN Collaborate_on_End-to-End_5G_and Beyond⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Linux_Foundation_and_NGMN Collaborate_on_End-to-End_5G_and Beyond [Ed: Linux_Foundation is greenwashing and then promoting a new line of deception: now they call mass surveillance “end to end”. In their terminology, mass theft of our data by Pentagon-funded espionage companies is “confidential computing”. Stop abusing the brand Linux. You’re killing it or milking it to death.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Linux_Foundation_Announces ‘AgStack’_Project_to_Improve_Digital Infrastructure_for_Agriculture [Ed: LF engaging in brand dilution. Maybe stop saying "Linux" altogether and just go with LF all the time. Stop mistaking one thing with the agenda of openwashing.]⠀⇛ # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Security_updates_for_Monday_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (libxml2), Fedora (autotrace, babel, kernel, libopenmpt, libxml2, mingw-exiv2, mingw-OpenEXR, mingw- openexr, python-markdown2, and samba), openSUSE (alpine, avahi, libxml2, p7zip, redis, syncthing, and vlc), and Ubuntu (webkit2gtk). # ⚓ A_gentle_introduction_to_security_fuzzing_and the_Advanced_Fuzzing_League++_(afl++)_–_Mi_blog lah!⠀⇛ Writing software is similar to translating from one language to another. Specifically, it is similar to translating from your native language to some other language. You are translating to that other language so that you can help those others do some task for you. You might not understand this other language very well, and some concepts might be difficult to express in the other language. You are doing your best though when translating, but as we know, some things can get lost in translation. [...] When security researchers perform software testing with an aim of finding software defects, we say that they are performing security fuzzing, or just fuzzing. Therefore, fuzzing is similar to software testing, but with the focus on identifying ways to make the software malfunction in a really bad way. Security researchers find security vulnerabilities, ways to break into a computer system. This means that fuzzing is the first half of the job to find security vulnerabilities. The second part is to analyse each software defect and try to figure out, if possible, a way to break into the system. In this post we are only focusing on the first part of the job. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Apple_Gave_Private_iPad_Multitasking Camera_Access_to_Zoom_–_Make_Tech_Easier⠀⇛ An app developer discovered Apple gave Zoom access to the iPad multitasking camera that no other third-party video conferencing app has. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Remembering_Nikeeta_Slade⠀⇛ Nikeeta Slade was one of our favorite people. She died suddenly on May 7 from a heart attack. She was only 32. The Greens have lost one of their most committed, knowledgeable, and talented organizers. # ⚓ Echo_Chambers_vs_Epistemic_Bubbles⠀⇛ An Echo Chamber is a group of people who reinforce the same ideas and who often preemptively strike against opposing ideas (for example the right wing denigrating “mainstream media” to prevent their followers from straying from their approved message). An Epistemic Bubble is a group of people who just happen to not have contact with certain different ideas. When reading that article I wondered about what bubbles I and the people I associate with may be in. One obvious issue is that I have little communication with people who don’t write in English and also little communication with people who are poor. So people who are poor and who can’t write in English (which means significant portions of the population of India and Africa) are out of communication range for me. There are many situations that are claimed to be bubbles such as white people who are claimed to be innocent of racial issues because they only associate with other white people and men in the IT industry who are claimed to be innocent of sexism because they don’t associate with women in the IT industry. But I think they are more of an echo chamber issue, if a white American doesn’t access any of the variety of English language media produced by Afro Americans and realise that there’s a racial problem it’s because they don’t want to see it and deliberately avoid looking at evidence. If a man in the IT industry doesn’t access any of the media produced by women in tech and realise there are problems with sexism then it’s because they don’t want to see it. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Compulsory_Licensing_Patent_Law_Series_–_Germany [Ed: Tackling monopolies around patents -- usually monopoly situation when one isn't able to even work around the monopoly]⠀⇛ The legal basis for compulsory licenses under German Patent Law is under Section 24 of the German Patent Act. The German Patent Act meets the requirements of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement and the implementation of the Directive on the Legal Protection of Biotechnological Inventions (Directive 98/44/EC). A claim to the grant of a compulsory license may also arise from competition law provisions and Regulation (EC) No 816/2006 which is related to the manufacture of pharmaceutical products for exports to countries with public health issues. As of March 2020, the German Government amended Section 5 of the German Infection Protection Act (Act). Under Section 5 of the Act, an invention relating to the supply of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and products for disinfection and laboratory diagnostics shall be used in the interest of public welfare or security. The German Government enacted the Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control Act that gives the Federal Ministry of Health powers that include the ability to issue a compulsory license. The Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Act gives the government a legal basis to limit patents allowed by Section 11 of the German Patent Act. Under Section 11, a patent is not extended to acts done for experimental purposes related to the subject matter of a patented invention. The measures are only lawful as long as Germany is under a state of emergency as provided by Section 13 of the Patent Act. Section 13 provides for administrative orders to be issued by the federal government against patentees that enable the government or Any designee to use for the public welfare. This measure can be revoked upon repeal or its expiration on March 31, 2021. # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ If_the_Devil_of_the_WTO_IP_Waiver_Is_in_the_Details, What_Are_the_Details? [Ed: The patent profiteering cartel -- people who profit from litigation -- will continue to demonise the idea of allowing poor people to be vaccinated]⠀⇛ While the details of the WTO patent waiver have not been determined (or more properly negotiated), it is important to consider the structure of the international trade regime in which the waiver will operate and the consequences of any agreement defining exactly what will be waived. The GATT/TRIPS agreement is a treaty, which (of course) is an agreement between countries, and disputes and accommodations are between their governments. The extent to which a private company’s patent or other IP rights are protected under the terms of these agreements depends on actions of these governments in enforcing them on the company’s behalf. Thus, for protections like patents, a government can agree to “turn a blind eye” to infringement by companies in other countries (or other governments) by refusing to press the rightsholder’s case before the WTO, to pressure the governments unilaterally (as in the Watch List and Special Watch List of the U.S. Trade Representative’s Special 301 Report), or otherwise support a private company’s private actions using an infringing country’s legal system. Such “passive” actions (i.e., refusing to enforce rights in violating or “scofflaw” countries) requires very little affirmative action by a government. These are the types of de facto waivers that can be effective, for example, for patented drugs that can be produced by conventional drug production technology wherein description of an active pharmaceutical ingredient molecule. # ⚓ Storing_data_on_DNA_using_synthetic_fossils [Ed: Corrupt EPO management wastes about 10 million euros buying puff pieces like this one to distract from its crimes and also its theft of European money. This grotesque abuse of the media won't be covered by the media.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Board_of_Appeal_upholds_the_principle_of_“any_person” opposition_in_view_of_the_broader_public_good_(T_1839/ 18)⠀⇛ In contrast to litigation proceedings in national courts, an opposition may be filed against a European patent in the name of a so-called straw man, behind which the identity of the interested party may be hidden. In a recent Board of Appeal case (T 1839/18), a patentee questioned whether straw man oppositions are in line with the principle that acts performed before the EPO require a legitimate purpose. In its decision, the Board of Appeal presented strong support for the established case law that anyone should be able to file an opposition. The Board cited the broader public interest that invalid patents should be challenged in view of the patent bargain between the state and the patentee. [...] In support of their decision, the Board of Appeal in T 1839/18 noted that the EPO’s approach to straw man oppositions was not unique. The Board particularly cited a comparative overview of oppositions published by WIPO. The WIPO report noted that in many jurisdictions (e.g. Japan) an opposition may be filed by any person. This corresponds to the broader principle that the validity or invalidity of a patent does not concern a specific individual, but is a matter of broader public interest. For good measure, the Board of Appeal also referenced the original English Statute of Monopolies 1623/24, which set out the fundamentals of what has become to be known as the “patent bargain”. In the original statue, patents were accepted as burdens to society, whose grant could only be justified by their technical contribution to society. Patents granted without meeting the requirements of patentability, the Board noted, put the patent system’s purpose in jeopardy by wrongly preventing competitor research and development. Consequently, according to the Board, any person challenging a patent by way of opposition contributes to society by clearing the register from undeserved monopolies or by adding legal certainty (i.e. where the patent is maintained unamended) (r 2.11). # ⚓ (Non)Precedent_on_Venue_Transfer? [Ed: Texas maintaining its status as laughing stock of the patent system. Judges gloating about lenience and bias in an effort to attract patent trolls and then make it hard to relocate to proper courts (near the actual plaintiff/defendant)⠀⇛ The March 2021 decision orders W.D.Tex. Judge Albright to immediately decide TracFone’s venue motions (and write a reviewable opinion). Judge Albright immediately complied by denying TracFone’s motion to dismiss or transfer the case. The Federal Circuit’s April 2021 decision concluded that Judge Albright had “abused [his] discretion.” The appellate panel then ordered the case to be transferred to Florida. Although the April 2021 decision provides finality, it is actually the March 2021 decision that is perhaps more interesting. The appellate panel ordered immediate action on the venue question and generally suggested that a district court should drop-everything to decide venue motions. The judge’s familiarity with the facts/law of a particular case is typically seen as relevant the outcome of an inconvenient venue motion under 1404(a). [...] In re Western Digital (Fed. Cir. 2021). In a separate decision today, the Federal Circuit denied Western Digital’s petition for writ of mandamus to escape from W.D. Tex. The appellate panel did find that Judge Albright had applied the wrong legal standard by stating Western-Digital faced a “heavy” and “significant” burden before a case would be moved for convenience. # ⚓ New_Federal_Patent_Court_president_faces_storms ahead⠀⇛ Beate Schmidt has handed over the leadership of the German Federal Patent Court to Regina Hock. The new leadership, which came into effect at the end of April, is the fourth time that a female has led the court in Munich. Among other IP-related issues, the court decides on patent validity. Thus, along with the infringement courts in Düsseldorf, Mannheim, Munich and Hamburg, the Federal Patent Court is a decisive pillar of the German bifurcation system. The X. Civil Senate of the Federal Court of Justice supervises decisions handed down by the Federal Patent Court. # ⚓ The_stranger’s_guide_on_when_to_file_patent continuations⠀⇛ Counsel say changes in the law, preparing for licensing and litigation, and sowing uncertainty among competitors are great reasons to file continuations # ⚓ Indian-American_chemist_Sumita_Mitra_named_European Inventor_Award_2021_finalist [Ed: The EPO’s paid-for puff pieces pollute_the_media_with_everything_that’s not_about_the_EPO’s_crimes]⠀⇛ # ⚓ WTO_Global_Health:_Shifting_away_from_a_Punishment Mindset [Ed: The patent profiteers lobby to kill more people to secure profits]⠀⇛ While COVID-19 cases continue to drop in the United States, many countries are fighting resurgences of the virus and struggling to obtain vaccines and medical supplies. Back in October, India and South Africa petitioned the World Trade Organization (WTO) to waive all IP protection surrounding drugs and medical products needed to combat the pandemic. The petition also called for “the unhindered global sharing of technology and know-how.” Existing safeguards regarding IP rights during public health emergencies have some issues. TRIPS Article 31 permits countries to issue compulsory licenses of patented technology, but the process for importing patented drugs is cumbersome under Article 31bis. Countries must also pay “adequate remuneration in the circumstances of each case” to the patent holder. Moreover, the U.S. government has a lengthy history of punishing countries that utilize compulsory licensing with trade-related sanctions. # ⚓ Brazilian_Supreme_Court_Holds_That_The_10-Year_Patent Term_In_Brazil_Is_Unconstitutional⠀⇛ This is an update to our posts on April 8, 2021, March 15, 2021 and March 10, 2021. As readers are aware, the Brazilian Supreme Court was scheduled to decide the constitutional challenge involving Article 40 of the Brazilian Intellectual Property (IP) Statute (ADI 5529), on April 7, 2021; however, the hearing was delayed due to a discussion in another case. # ⚓ Opinion:_What_a_week_for_patents_–_and_not_a_good_one [Ed: Sociopath Ed Conlon says it's a bad thing when poor people get access to medicines and vaccines; this is the sort of antisocial behaviour you find when aggressive law firms pay so-called 'journalists' (lobbyists/operatives)]⠀⇛ The Biden administration dropped the bombshell last Wednesday, May 5, that it was supporting a waiver of all intellectual property rights, including patents, to COVID- 19 vaccines. Just a day later, the Brazil Supreme Court removed the guarantee of a 10- year minimum term for successful pharmaceutical patent applicants. It goes without saying, therefore, that it’s been a tough week for IP – and patents in particular – not just in the Americas but more generally too. Public understanding of the need for IP can be shaky at the best of times, but it’s really been put to the test in the past few days. [...] What’s concerning about the Biden decision is that it buys into and perpetuates the anti-IP rhetoric, even if inadvertently. Biden seems like a wholly reasonable politician, and I’m sure he’s trying to do the best for the global population. # ⚓ The_Italian_IP_Office_(UIBM)_launches_a_public consultation_on_its_strategic_plan._Comments_are welcomed!_|_Bugnion⠀⇛ # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ WP_Briefing:_The_Commons_of_Images⠀⇛ In this episode, Josepha is joined by the co- founder and project lead of WordPress, Matt Mullenweg. Tune in to hear Matt and Josepha discuss the relaunch of CC Search (Openverse) in WordPress and the facets of the open source ecosystem. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 6097 ➮ Generation completed at 02:46, i.e. 329 seconds to (re)generate ⟲