𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Wednesday, July 07, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Thu 8 Jul 02:40:04 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmbBtrgn5vZv4zAnCwEsSEbNfqZyMc1GXjrxGtjFJubZo6 QmSqJtaqrrXbzBF4sG3nBzauArR36q6YbF5P7htcHd5cDB QmWCc6UN8rXnBKmcnhPY7waCCSXzfsG1AbhZikKfdp3ymB QmQYQoMFrDMTXEe4NcPiv7amMCQS2ho3c6EaMHAU4SfMUe QmacoxEMNBvXGjkyn4JfrL8LyXBMaArcxAJPBaNoTymtHV QmW6B9kehxSBryvAexunPR3eXN8dZc1CHxSebKiiSDXTRh QmTuxFtDwey5L4ibxTM85bAhdiFUVzq9RQwjk5UqDBCmxH QmcN8yR7Z2eWZBS1YERuwRsVnrTaWaznvZVg4RggnCUrnL QmbsFe5ziGquRqcXLGJdSnXGNu2hM1SfSeL88yE4KoNHRm QmXWM739fasQ1QSDPyf7CYGbRzny4RnfstXa97sZoavDtt QmYUKcuZUTw2RX354YZb7KS96QRvrYWBnM9Hc9ECWTxtmZ QmVYKhmzZnA5jSxg73EHK44EQHX2gPMHdJdswiX4sm36VV QmTzjhticCFGYFAPo3w1Yq3BFKqFQ9wkJFVZpCGyhdTYVL QmYfnwQyndVxZ3RBdb3h4no9or9LCWC23rmnAoVKtd61oJ QmSYEW1u6GR4Sx7jgEkZS78bKjEJL8bqy2t755oHQ3bj9M QmSRn7cBREvv5Sqho2U2eunX9LJykgRJNP5fvyy2aQTNVf QmYbCajogMVPFtfaxpbYNPXsCH7YHu4RDrbTn1bwxoFpVL QmWmhZ87epJnat1eMJ4BeFyB6qzD9SSd15E66vFEpywPtq QmeUHDj1sX5kJUYKzH1rtAQ3jcDnWVSc1LmvbW2UUK6NTN QmePPsrpuxrE6PnrxmkA3jbTKbYiwWiedMUCPboaKPHHBs QmcRVoR1XjzcCzpn5UyNcwrYXdAFt3fqixYfrrAGViNk58 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Living the EPO Lie | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Proprietary Software Helps You Violate the GPL | Techrights ⦿ Among 43 New Judgments From ILO-AT, Which ’Oversees’ Dozens of Institutions, 25 (More Than 58%) Concern the EPO’s Staff | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Tuesday, July 06, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ Mozilla Does Not Respect Your Privacy | Techrights ⦿ Yet Another (But Very Colossal) GPL Violation by Microsoft | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/abraham-lincoln-and-epo-tyrants/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/gpl-violations-hub/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/ilo-at-epo-caseload/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/irc-log-060721/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/mozilla-data-stewardship-slant/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/yet-another-but-very-colossal-gpl-violation-by-microsoft/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/gnome-40-in-ubuntu-21-10/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/nitrux-living-packagecloud/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 63 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/abraham-lincoln-and-epo-tyrants/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/abraham-lincoln-and-epo-tyrants/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Living_the_EPO_Lie⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Europe, Patents at 12:02 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇“No_man_has_a_good_enough_memory_to_be_a_successful_liar.”_- Abraham_Lincoln⦈_ Summary: Working for the EPO happily requires a rejection of facts, science, justice, and reality THE EPO is poor Talent it will lure The reputation will endure Journalism is manure The staff is always pleased As targets won’t be missed The clients are never pissed Our president never hissed ViCo is perfectly lawful Our critics are truly awful The president is ROTFL Appellants should be grateful Quality means speed Endless monopolies we need No warnings to heed Contracts without a bid Independence means exile As if judges are all senile Kangaroos with style Hard questions face denial █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠑⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣾⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣰⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠃⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠼⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠯⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣠⣤⡀⣼⣿⣿⡿⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣶⣾⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠛⠁⠛⣮⠻⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠉⣿⣿⣿⡿⣵⣿⣿⣶⣶⣠⡄⠀⣀⣿⣷⣝⢟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⢹⣿⡿⣿⣍⣾⡿⢿⣿⣷⢶⡶⠶⠖⠀⣀⣠⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠉⠂⠁⠈⠛⠛⢿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠤⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⢀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀⡀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⢀⡀⢀⣀⢀⡀⣘⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡃⠀⢀⡀⠘⣀⡀⢀⣀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⢀⠀⡀⢀⣀⢀⡀⣀⢀⣀⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⢺⣷⡇⣿⢹⡇⢸⣿⣾⡇⣿⣿⢸⣷⣿⡇⣿⣿⣇⡿⣇⢿⣝⣻⢿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣛⢸⣿⣷⣿⢹⡇⣿⣿⠀⢸⣯⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⡇⣿⣾⣟⡃⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠇⠿⠼⠇⠸⠿⠟⠧⠿⠻⠾⠟⠿⢀⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⡽⠏⠸⠿⠧⠀⠿⠿⠸⠿⠟⠻⠼⠇⠿⠿⠀⠸⠧⠸⠹⠇⠿⠿⠻⠧⠿⠻⠿⠇⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⢠⣤⣄⣤⣤⠀⣤⣤⢤⣤⣄⠈⣭⣭⣫⣭⣽⣿⣭⡄⢀⣤⣤⢠⣤⡄⣤⢤⣀⡤⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⣄⣤⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⡄⣤⠀⢠⡄⢠⡄⣤⣄⢠⣤⡄⠠⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⡗⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⡿⣯⢹⡏⠀⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⠀⣿⣿⣽⡷⢾⢹⣿⡇⢈⣻⣦⢸⣿⡇⣿⢨⣽⡇⣭⢸⡗⢘⣷⣄⣻⣦⢸⡗⢸⣿⡇⣿⠀⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠋⠛⠘⠛⠘⠙⠛⠃⠙⠋⠘⠃⠋⠘⠃⠀⠘⠃⠈⠛⠃⠀⠛⣿⣽⣿⠃⠘⠋⠛⠀⠛⠋⠈⠛⠁⠙⠛⠉⠛⠋⠘⠛⠈⠛⠁⠙⠋⠘⠃⠈⠛⠁⠛⠃⠘⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠙⠛⠃⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⢀⣛⣿⣋⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣀⡀⢀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⡀⠀⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⠀⣿⡏⣿⡇⢸⣿⢹⣿⢠⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣸⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⡇⣾⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⢹⣿⡄⣿⡇⠀⣿⣧⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⡟⣿⣇⢸⣿⢻⣯⢸⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⢀⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢨⣭⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⡏⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⠟⢸⣿⢸⣿⣼⣿⢹⣿⢼⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠛⣿⡇⣿⠿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠸⣿⣷⡾⣿⡇⣿⡏⣿⡇⠻⣿⣾⠟⠘⢿⣾⡿⠁⣿⣷⡆⣿⠘⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 168 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/gpl-violations-hub/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/gpl-violations-hub/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ [Meme]_Proprietary_Software_Helps_You_Violate_the_GPL⠀✐ Posted in GPL, Microsoft, VMware at 7:44 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Microsoft helps you with GPL violation!⦈ Summary: The flagrant_disregard_for_copyleft_is_showing; but when Microsoft and VMware (led by Microsofters) violate_the_GPL and then use the Linux_Foundation to get away with it don’t expect a legal challenge; Microsoft_has_already bribed_SFC_at_least_twice ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠭⣻⣿⣿⣓⠄⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠡⠫⠃⠀⠀⠈⠟⣿⣺⡟⣿⡾⠿⠛⠓⠙⢿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠟⠂⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠛⠃⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠟⠂⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠁⠋⢻⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⢝⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⢸⣿⣿⢡⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣈⡍⢉⣉⣀⡄⣀⣀⣀⣸⠀⠀⠀⢸⠉⣉⣀⣀⡄⠀⢨⣭⣥⣤⣤⠀⠀⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⢨⣭⣭⣤⣤⠀⠀⡄⢀⣈⣉⡅⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⣀⣀⣠⠁⣁⣁⣉⠉⣉⡉⢀⢯⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣾⠀⠀⣿⣰⣶⣶⣾⡇⠀⠰⣴⣶⣾⣾⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣼⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⠁⠘⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣸⣇⠀⢠⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⡀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⡿⡇⠀⠐⢛⣛⣛⣻⠀⠀⣿⢛⣛⣛⣻⡇⠀⠸⢛⣛⣛⣻⠀⠀⣇⠿⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⢿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢿⣸⡿⠟⠀⢀⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⢣⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡏⣩⣭⣭⡅⠀⠀⠀⢸⢉⣭⣭⣽⢉⣭⣭⣭⢉⣉⡁⢀⢾⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⣿⡟⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣷⡟⢸⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠾⠿⢟⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠛⡀⡈⠘⢡⣍⡏⣩⢋⡉⠻⢛⡛⡿⠛⢿⠏⠝⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠁⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿ ⠀⠀⣠⡶⣾⣻⣯⣭⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣴⣧⣧⣴⣌⣥⣁⣿⣘⣃⣜⠲⢈⡀⠿⢠⠀⡇⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣟⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣛⣛⣻⣻⣘⣟⣛⣛⣜⣛⡋⠁⢘⣿ ⣐⣮⣷⣿⡿⣟⣯⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⡇⠘⠻⡿⠿⢿⠉⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⡇⣴⣶⣶⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⣶⣶⣶⣾⢠⣖⠶⠆⣤⣠⡄⠀⢰⣿ ⢻⣻⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⠀⠀⡭⢸⢠⠀⣶⢸⡐⠢⣿⣯⠹⠏⠝⣉⠙⠛⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣧⡘⠓⠀⠛⠀⠠⠾⠝⠻⣿⣿⣷⣧⢹⣿⣿⣰⣿⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣠⣤⣶⣬⣥⣿⡿⠆⣼⣆⣛⣠⡀⠋⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⡏⣴⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠚⠈⢙⢿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡷⠿⠿⠿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣉⡁⠩⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⢰⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢸⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢻⡟⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⠃⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⡇⢸⣿⠏⠿⢹⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⣸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⡇⢨⣭⣝⣛⣿⡿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⡿⠀⠀⠁⠙⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠉⠀⠀⠘⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⣹⠻⡿⢿⣿⣿⢸⡇⠀⣴⣻⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠠⠤⠠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⢸⣿⣿⢸⣇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⡉⣹⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣰⣿⣿⠟⣃⡀⠀⣠⣟⠛⢻⣟⠁⢘⣛⣿ ⢀⣶⠿⠿⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠐⣿⡿⠀⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⠆⢸⣿⣿ ⢸⣯⣀⢀⣸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⢿⡗⡶⠐⣏⡧⣿⣿⢺⣇⣿⣳⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠡⠶⠶⢾⣿⡿⠀⠸⣿⡅⠘⠿⣿ ⠀⠙⠇⠘⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣟⡛⢻⡟⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⣿⡛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠐⠒⠒⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⣠⣀⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣠⣾⣿⢟⣟⠙⠀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⣤⣄⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣀⢀⣴⣆⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣼⣿⣿⢇⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⡾⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣾⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣲⣶⣤⣦⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣡⣤⡉⣻⡇⢠⣤⡉⢻⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣽⣾⣿⣻⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠸⣿⣋⡉⢹⡇⢈⣉⣁⣼⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⢿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣉⣉⣡⣼⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣀⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢉⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣯⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢻⣿⠛⡇⢺⠛⣉⡙⢿⠀⡟⢋⡉⢻⡃⢈⡇⢺⠟⣉⡙⢿⠙⣋⡙⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠙⠏⢩⡟⠷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣿⡄⠏⣸⡇⢸⠀⣿⡇⢸⠀⡏⢡⡤⠀⡇⢸⡇⢸⠀⣿⡇⢸⠀⣿⡇⢸⣀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣦⣄⠀⠘⠛⠻⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⣧⣼⣶⣤⣴⣿⣤⣷⣤⣴⣦⣶⣤⣧⣼⣶⣤⣴⣿⣤⣿⣧⣾⣤⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣟⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠉⢈⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⡀⠽⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⢸⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠽⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⢿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠛⠛⢶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⡏⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⠿⠏⢸⣿⣿⢸⡇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢛⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣿⣿⣿⡇⠉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣤⣈⣽⣿⣿⠿⠛⠻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 235 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/ilo-at-epo-caseload/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/ilo-at-epo-caseload/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Among_43_New_Judgments_From_ILO-AT,_Which_‘Oversees’_Dozens_of_Institutions, 25_(More_Than_58%)_Concern_the_EPO’s_Staff⠀✐ Posted in Courtroom, Europe, Patents at 6:43 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Imagine just one institution taking_up_almost_two-thirds_of_the_limited resources of ILO’s Administrative Tribunal 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILO_Administrative_Tribunal_membership⦈_ Summary: The Staff Union of the EPO (SUEPO) shows the chaotic effect of a truly dysfunctional and corrupt Office management; ILO’s Administrative Tribunal (ILO-AT) can barely keep up with the caseload MANY people no longer remember this. In the final days of Benoît_Battistelli as EPO President he was served a blow by ILO-AT, which belatedly and exceptionally ruled in favour of his scapegoats, the SUEPO leaders (representatives). They were vindicated, but a lot of personal and collective harm had been done. The EPO will never forget and may never recover from this. “The AC (Administrative Council) has become deeply complicit, as we’ve repeatedly demonstrated in recent days.”Earlier today (this morning) we wrote about how IP Kat finally wrote about Friday’s controversial hearing less than a day earlier. We mentioned that many blog comments would not show up. Some did. “The founding fathers of the EPO are spluttering in their cocoa or turning in their graves. Sad days,” said_one_commenter. There was also this one: Contrary to the view of the President’s representative, a “dynamic” interpretation based upon secondary legislation is NOT possible in this instance. The competence of the AC to amend Articles of the EPC is limited (by Article 33(1)(b) EPC) to amendments that are for the purpose of bringing the EPC “into line with an international treaty relating to patents or European Community legislation relating to patents”. This criterion is NOT satisfied with respect to Article 116 EPC. Perhaps the President’s representative is aware of a really obscure international treaty (or piece of EU legislation) which relates to patents AND which specifies that oral proceedings can be conducted by VICO without the consent of parties to the proceedings. However, given that they did not mention any such treaty (or legislation), then I can only assume that they instead believe that Article 33(1) (b) EPC can also be interpreted “dynamically” (ie in whichever way happens to suit the current plans of the EPO President). The sentiments are very negative. These are legal professionals, either active or retired. They’re not happy. Staff of the EPO isn’t happy either. Far from it. There are still many complaints about EPO management. In fact, copies of new key decisions can be found in SUEPO’s Web site [1 [PDF], 2 [PDF], 3 [PDF],4 [PDF], 5 [PDF]] or the originals in ILO’s_Web_site, which is trustworthy only for long-term preservation (not for access to justice, as history shows). We’re not making local copies or videos, as explaining the full text would be hard (much studying required and the union is already doing that anyway, probably in cooperation with the aggrieved staff who would know the cases best). Here are the first pages (of each in turn): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILOAT_on_#4430⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILOAT_on_#4432⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILOAT_on_#4433⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILOAT_on_#4434⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILOAT_on_#4435⦈_ Two of these concern the notorious strike deductions [1, 2, 3]. They concern many members of staff. The other three concern Circular_347. In its public_post_about_this SUEPO notes (revised for a slight error earlier today or just to add a case mistakenly omitted earlier today): “In its 132nd session the Tribunal delivered a total of 43 judgments, of which 25 concern the EPO (many of which were in favor of the complainants). [...] A detailed analysis of the most significant cases involving the EPO will be published at a later date.” SUEPO focuses on the positive outcomes in isolation. This is normal. “The encouraging news from this session is that the following cases were ruled in favor of the complainants [i.e. the staff],” but we can assume the rest involved lots of legal fees (burden on staff) without a positive outcome. We already know that António_Campinos is lawyering up the staff, wasting EPO budget to basically attack EPO staff a second time around (first in the Office, then in the tribunals). He clearly does not seek peace and reconciliation. To quote a new_comment from IP Kat: “Had the present and the previous management team been at the helm of the EPO at its beginning, the EPO would never have become what it is was before 2010. It is sad to see those pseudo managers, by no means leaders, driving the EPO into the wall merely to satisfy their desire for power. The AC has completely given up its control function, it is as has been the said the tail wagging the dog.” Yes, exactly! The AC (Administrative Council) has become deeply complicit, as we’ve repeatedly demonstrated in_recent_days. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣻⣛⣋⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⠹⣿⠋⢹⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠹⠿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠹⠿⢿⡯⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⢠⠉⡆⢸⠐⣷⣼⠀⣷⢰⡆⣿⠰⡷⢹⠁⣷⣼⠀⣾⡧⣕⢻⢰⣷⢸⡇⣿⢰⡆⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣟⡻⣻⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⡟⢿⣻⣿⡟⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⠿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠻⡛⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣶⣽⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡟⣿⣻⢻⡟⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⡟⢹⢹⡿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡿⣯⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣛⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣧⣾⣿⣥⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣿⣯⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣯⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣯⣿⣿⣾⣿⣮⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣽⣦⣿⣿⣜⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣴⣾⣿⣧⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣾⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢽⣻⣟⣿⢹⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡛⣿⢿⢻⡿⣿⣿⣟⡻⣿⡿⢻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⡟⢛⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣻⣿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡟⡟⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢻⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣭⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣯⣹⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣹⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣻⣭⣿⣟⣝⣹⣯⣟⣭⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⣿⡿⡟⣻⣿⠟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣟⣿⡯⣿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡹⣻⣿⣯⣻⢿⣿⡯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⣿⡿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⢿⣿⣟⡻⣻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⡻⢛⣿⣿⡻⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣦⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⣟⣿⣿⣽⣿⣳⣢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣫⣽⣿⣭⣻⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣋⣿⣯⣿⣭⣫⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣟⣝⣿⣯⣿⣿⣭⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣷⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣼⣿⣭⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣽⣯⣤⣷⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣾⣯⣼⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⣿⡿⣯⡛⣿⣿⢯⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⢻⡿⣿⣿⣟⡻⣿⡿⢻⢻⣿⣟⠻⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣟⠿⣿⣿⠟⣻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠟⡟⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣐⣀⣀⣿⣈⣀⣡⡘⣨⣆⣸⣁⣂⣀⣆⣄⠀⣑⣀⣐⣀⣘⣀⣰⣇⣠⣸⣏⣸⣸⣏⣄⡃⣀⣆⣟⣟⣘⣀⣋⣀⣃⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⠻⢿⠿⠿⢻⠟⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⢿⠻⠻⠿⣿⠿⢻⠿⠻⡟⠻⢿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠻⢿⠻⠿⢿⠟⢻⠻⠿⠟⡟⢿⢿⢿⠻⠟⠿⡟⠟⠟⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⢛⢻⣿⢿⠿⠿⡟⠿⠿⠻⡟⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣁⣸⣄⣀⣠⣀⣀⣰⣠⣄⠌⣸⣘⣀⣄⣾⣀⣸⠀⣸⣀⣸⣸⣜⣄⣀⣦⡀⣣⣀⣸⣀⣦⣹⣧⣸⣀⣠⣁⣇⣡⢀⣿⣠⣄⣸⣿⣠⣠⣿⣏⣤⣉⣷⣐⣈⣯⣀⠀⣀⣇⣀⣀⣘⣇⣸⣀⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡗⠂⣂⠰⢸⣿⠩⠋⢹⣿⠆⡟⢱⠙⠉⡛⠃⡛⠛⢛⣿⠅⠉⢹⢸⡈⢿⣿⠉⠙⠛⣿⡇⡢⢈⡉⡎⣯⠛⣿⡛⠛⢛⠃⡻⣻⡟⡙⢡⣿⠆⡇⢸⠀⡊⠁⠍⠉⠏⠉⢩⠙⣽⡷⠈⠄⠆⡇⠸⣿⡇⢨⠉⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡷⡶⡿⠷⡾⠟⡷⡗⡾⡿⡶⠿⠖⡷⣾⣶⢶⣾⣶⣾⣿⠶⢶⢾⡾⡾⢲⡛⢶⠲⡖⡿⣷⡶⢺⣷⡾⣿⣶⢻⡶⠲⡤⣷⠑⠛⠻⢞⠾⢻⢶⡷⢾⠿⠿⡶⣾⣾⣲⢶⡞⠰⣿⣷⠾⠖⣶⡓⣶⠻⡷⠾⡶⢾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣀⣔⣄⣰⠀⣀⣔⣀⣐⣀⣀⣠⣺⣀⣧⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣰⣇⣀⣺⣁⣻⣠⣄⣀⣀⣄⣐⣸⣀⣀⣀⣸⣇⣀⣀⣼⣀⣀⣰⣜⣠⣇⣸⣀⣄⣀⣂⣄⢀⣀⣐⣀⣐⣀⣄⣾⣀⣧⣿⣀⡟⣠⣁⣸⣀⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠆⡇⠰⠂⠀⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⡶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⠂⢸⠀⠀⢈⠀⠁⢡⠈⠀⠡⢸⠰⠀⠁⢽⠀⡇⠀⢠⠀⠀⢸⡁⠄⠀⡄⠀⠌⠘⠌⠀⡌⠸⡇⡆⠈⠈⠀⣿⠀⡜⣸⡇⡁⠠⢸⡆⢡⢿⡇⠄⠿⡟⣀⠻⣿⡜⣸⢿⠁⡃⠀⢸⠀⠨⠐⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠙⠙⠛⣿⠩⠍⠙⢫⠹⡟⠻⠛⣿⠉⡿⢛⠲⠿⠻⢟⠻⠿⠿⢟⡒⢛⠛⠛⡛⣿⠟⠻⠿⢷⠛⢻⠛⢛⡛⣛⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⡶⠿⠛⣟⠹⠉⣿⠩⠟⠏⠛⠛⢿⠻⢛⠿⣿⡝⢫⢋⠑⡜⣿⡛⠙⠟⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣿⣬⣥⣿⣬⣼⣧⣴⣤⣿⣤⣷⣬⣤⣽⣤⣴⣤⣬⣬⣯⣬⣮⣦⣬⣴⣹⡧⣬⣤⣼⣤⣥⣼⣦⣥⣿⣤⣧⣥⣅⣡⣜⣸⣷⣥⣬⣯⣬⣤⣿⣼⣦⣥⣤⣧⣴⣤⣼⣠⣿⣬⣮⣦⣵⣥⣼⣧⣼⣤⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠩⠫⠉⠉⠉⠑⠈⠩⠈⠉⠙⠉⠭⡌⠹⣿⢩⠉⢘⠍⠨⠉⠁⠈⠉⣽⡏⠍⠠⣿⠆⢼⢈⠃⠎⠉⡉⠁⠹⣿⠉⠍⠉⠀⣿⠡⠈⠉⣿⡇⠀⠀⡄⠶⣡⠏⢿⡏⠉⠹⠩⠉⠉⠈⠉⠈⠙⠅⠉⠉⣿⡏⠩⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡋⣻⢻⢿⠷⠿⢻⣏⠻⡙⡋⠏⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣥⣞⣸⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣴⣥⣤⣤⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⡝⢻⠛⠛⠹⠋⠛⢛⠉⠛⢛⣿⣿⢙⢙⠛⢻⣿⡟⠛⡛⡛⢹⠙⡛⠋⡋⢛⠛⢻⣿⡏⡛⢻⣿⡏⠛⠋⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⠙⡛⣿⣿⠙⠉⢛⡿⠩⢽⣏⠟⣿⣿⠟⠭⠛⠙⠟⢙⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢶⣾⢶⡶⣶⣶⡶⠾⡶⣶⣄⣿⣿⢶⣾⣶⡾⡿⢶⣆⣦⢶⡾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⡶⢿⡷⡶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⢶⣷⣶⣶⣶⠶⡿⠿⢶⠷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣦⠶⢿⣶⣿⡿⠶⡶⢀⠶⢶⢾⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡐⡑⣀⣰⡀⢊⣀⣸⣀⣀⡘⣿⣇⣆⣇⣀⣐⣿⣿⣐⡀⣸⣇⣠⣀⣸⣿⣆⣰⣻⣿⡐⣀⣎⣿⡗⣸⣇⣄⣕⣠⣡⣀⣀⣆⣐⡀⣀⣾⣿⣁⡘⣘⣰⣁⣿⣇⣘⣀⣐⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣀⣃⣤⡘⣸⣆⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢛⢛⠛⢛⠛⣛⠛⠛⡛⠙⢻⡋⢙⠛⠛⡛⠛⡛⠛⡿⡛⢉⣯⢹⠉⣿⠉⠝⠋⠛⡛⡟⠛⢛⠛⣫⠍⢩⠩⠉⡍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣴⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⠌⢹⠉⠉⠘⠁⠉⢋⠈⠉⠩⢹⠇⠸⢩⠀⠫⡅⠋⡋⢽⢸⢸⣿⢩⠉⠉⡍⠉⠍⠩⠙⠁⢈⢹⡇⠺⣿⠉⢩⠋⢸⡆⢇⡇⠌⡏⡍⢠⡇⢀⠉⢹⡇⡒⠈⠉⠉⠏⠍⢹⡏⠉⣼⠉⢈⠋⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡛⡻⠟⠛⠿⣶⠶⠾⡗⢶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣥⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣴⣷⣶⣷⣮⣴⣾⣶⣴⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⣇⣇⣄⣄⣠⣒⣀⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠹⠻⠿⠹⠻⠟⢿⠟⠿⠟⠿⠻⠟⡿⠻⠻⠋⡟⠋⠻⠻⡿⠿⠿⠋⠛⠻⠻⠻⡿⠻⡿⠙⡿⠟⡏⠛⠛⠹⠻⠟⠟⢿⠻⠟⠿⢻⡿⠹⠻⠻⠹⠋⠟⠟⢹⠟⠿⠛⢻⠻⠻⣿⠙⠟⠏⠟⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣼⣤⣼⣴⣤⣤⣀⡼⢤⣵⣥⣤⣧⣬⢤⣤⣴⣤⣷⢤⡧⣤⣷⣤⣤⣧⣬⣤⣤⣧⣧⡤⣥⡤⣧⣬⣧⣤⣤⣴⡥⣼⣤⣼⢤⣼⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣬⠴⣥⣤⢬⣼⣼⣤⣤⣽⣬⣤⣿⣤⣬⣤⣬⣼⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⠟⠿⠟⠏⢿⢾⠿⡏⣟⠙⡉⣿⣛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣗⠺⡛⡛⠟⢻⡿⠛⢿⠿⡿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⡛⠷⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⡿⠷⠞⠻⠿⠻⠿⠛⠿⠿⡿⠿⢛⡏⢹⡏⠞⠻⠿⡿⡿⠿⠻⠟⡟⠏⠻⠻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣼⣤⣨⣦⣂⣿⣤⣧⣯⣬⣵⣿⣼⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣜⣸⣧⣴⣥⣥⣧⣌⣿⢤⣤⣤⣧⣥⣥⣤⢥⣠⣤⣤⡬⣤⢤⢤⡤⣽⣤⣧⣥⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣬⣧⣴⣼⣭⣼⣧⣦⣤⣜⣰⣧⣤⣧⣤⣷⣥⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠠⠀⢠⡰⢎⡬⢙⡏⠉⠉⠍⡍⠅⡫⠁⠍⠉⠀⠉⢩⡏⠉⢰⠧⠀⢂⡧⠅⠀⠠⡁⠁⢡⠀⠠⠁⠀⣼⠆⠄⠰⠠⠐⡁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣶⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⠿⢿⢿⣿⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣘⣃⣀⣆⣀⣀⣂⣀⣰⣀⣆⠀⣿⣠⣘⣀⣂⣐⣇⣀⣀⣿⣸⡘⣿⢀⣀⣇⣀⡑⢀⣆⡀⣂⣀⣿⣂⢻⣇⣀⣆⣀⣿⣎⣸⣸⣸⣕⣀⣾⣐⣀⣀⣹⣂⣁⣀⣆⣘⣀⣀⣿⣀⣰⣧⣂⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡍⡝⡉⢉⠛⣻⠛⠛⡏⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢈⠈⢉⢋⠨⡍⠉⣿⠉⠍⠍⠉⢩⠁⣩⠉⠉⠅⡇⠅⠉⢹⡏⠉⡍⠀⠀⠉⠉⢹⡏⠉⠡⠍⠉⡍⠈⠉⢹⠈⠉⡍⠉⡏⢹⠉⠩⢸⠩⠈⠉⠥⠫⠈⠙⠅⡏⡍⠉⡁⡏⠭⢹⡇⠉⠍⠈⠅⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⡟⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⠟⠻⠿⢿⠿⡿⠻⠛⠿⠻⢿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠻⠿⠷⡿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⡟⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠿⠟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣬⣦⣤⣤⣇⣥⣴⣥⣬⣦⣤⣤⣵⣤⣧⣁⣤⣹⣧⣬⣤⣿⣤⣴⣤⣤⣬⣼⣼⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣼⣇⣠⣤⣼⣬⣰⣧⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣠⣨⣤⣤⣤⣤⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣩⡙⠛⡛⠛⠙⡋⠛⢛⠙⡻⠛⡏⡋⠛⠛⣻⠉⡛⠛⡏⡙⠛⡋⡛⡻⠛⢉⡏⢙⠛⢻⢛⡛⡟⠛⢻⠛⡛⠛⠻⢻⠙⠛⠟⠛⡟⠛⡛⠛⡛⠛⢛⢹⠛⢛⢻⠛⠛⡏⡙⢻⠉⢛⠟⠛⠛⡟⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣦⣴⣧⣤⣴⣤⣤⣼⣤⣷⣀⣷⣴⣴⣴⣼⣤⣧⣤⣧⣧⣴⣴⣤⣾⣤⣾⣧⣼⣤⣼⣮⣦⣧⣦⣼⣴⣧⣤⣣⣿⣤⣦⣷⣴⣤⣴⣧⣴⣧⣤⣦⣾⣤⣠⣾⣤⣤⣷⣧⣼⣦⣦⣦⣧⣦⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢛⠛⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠻⠿⡟⠻⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠻⠻⠿⢿⠟⡿⠿⠟⠿⠟⠿⡿⢿⠟⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠟⢿⠿⠿⠟⠻⢿⡿⠿⠿⠟⢿⠿⠟⡟⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣤⣤⣼⣦⣥⣽⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣤⣧⣭⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣈⣠⣤⣼⣬⣤⣤⣼⣤⣦⣤⣥⣥⣤⣤⣦⣼⣯⣤⣿⣤⣬⣬⣦⣄⣥⣽⣬⣤⣤⣄⣼⣇⣤⣤⣧⣽⣤⣿⣿⣥⣥⣤⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢩⠉⠩⠫⠉⢩⠉⢩⠉⠉⡝⠁⠉⠉⠘⠍⢩⠋⢽⠩⠁⣼⠀⡍⠉⣿⠁⠉⠉⠩⠋⠉⠉⡋⢽⠱⠖⠉⢩⠉⢩⠉⢨⠀⠉⠋⢹⠫⠉⡙⡇⡝⠈⢹⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠃⡿⠉⠉⠉⠃⢩⠉⠉⣏⠅⡝⠉⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⡿⠷⠗⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠟⢿⠾⡟⢳⠿⡷⠟⠿⡟⠻⠿⣿⠻⠷⡞⢰⠷⠻⡟⠷⡿⡟⠟⠿⢿⡟⠻⠿⠿⢿⠳⠻⠿⠷⠻⡿⠿⢻⠻⠻⡷⢧⠓⠺⡿⠿⠿⠿⡾⠤⠿⠿⡟⡓⠿⠻⠿⠿⠺⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣨⣤⣤⣤⣅⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣬⣽⣬⣥⣿⣤⣧⣤⣥⣧⣤⣄⣼⣬⣤⣤⣧⣥⣬⣧⣼⣰⣧⣥⣤⣰⣧⣦⣧⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣧⣼⣼⣮⣤⣦⣼⣤⣤⣥⣤⣥⣨⣦⣤⣤⣧⣧⣾⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠱⠎⢠⠀⠫⠉⢹⠃⠩⠈⠋⢻⠐⠀⣪⠰⢈⡌⢹⠋⠋⠋⠉⡍⠉⠍⠍⠥⠉⠩⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⢸⡟⣀⠉⠉⡁⣹⠂⡂⣸⢸⢄⣿⠀⡈⠉⣿⠨⡂⣤⡸⣸⡎⢹⡏⡌⡱⠈⢨⠁⢩⠁⠁⡀⢉⠈⠈⣏⣀⢨⣇⠛⡁⣀⢸⡀⡐⡇⢸⡇⢀⢂⠀⠐⡀⡀⡅⢸⡇⢀⢨⢐⠀⢀⡀⢀⡆⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢫⣽⠋⠿⡉⡍⣿⡉⡏⠉⡭⢹⣿⢛⢛⠛⠛⢙⠙⡻⠛⣿⠛⣿⠛⠟⠛⠻⣻⠏⢻⠋⡋⢛⡋⠛⣿⠍⢫⠛⢻⡟⠛⢹⡋⠙⡟⢻⡏⠽⠻⢛⠟⠹⡛⠛⣿⠩⠛⠺⡛⠛⡏⠛⢙⠙⡻⠛⠛⣿⠉⡛⢛⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣷⣶⣿⣴⣼⣶⢦⣦⣿⣶⣾⣶⡶⣶⣶⣷⣠⣿⣶⣿⣶⡦⣶⢶⢿⣶⣶⡶⠶⣦⣶⣦⣿⣴⣦⣶⣾⣷⠶⢾⡷⣶⣷⣾⢷⣶⠴⠾⠶⠶⣴⣶⣿⣾⣶⣴⣠⣶⣷⣶⣶⡶⣴⣶⣶⣿⡾⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢐⣁⣀⣆⣰⣁⣀⣈⣀⣀⣐⣿⣀⣀⣀⢐⣂⣐⡀⣀⣈⣀⣀⣿⣀⣄⣿⣐⣀⣀⣽⣇⣘⣀⣰⣐⡁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣆⣺⣧⣚⣀⣆⣆⣐⣀⣿⣑⣂⣀⣆⣐⣀⣁⣰⣁⣰⡀⢸⣇⣂⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢛⠙⡛⠙⢙⡏⢛⢻⠛⢙⢻⠉⠛⠻⡟⠛⡛⠋⣿⠛⠛⡛⠛⢛⠟⠉⠙⠛⡛⡏⠉⠛⢻⠛⠛⢻⠙⠋⠉⠛⢛⢻⠏⢹⠋⡋⢛⡋⠛⠛⣿⠉⡍⢹⠛⢛⠛⢹⡏⢉⡩⡟⡛⡛⠛⢛⡛⠛⡛⠋⠙⠛⡛⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣦⣤⣶⣶⠷⢶⣾⣶⡶⣾⣶⣶⢶⣷⢶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⢦⢤⢷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢦⣼⣾⢷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⢶⢾⣶⣾⣷⡶⢶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡷⣶⡶⠦⠤⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣘⣀⣀⣸⣀⣀⣀⣐⣅⣆⣀⣀⣐⣸⣀⣐⣀⣀⣀⣆⣐⣀⣀⣏⣀⣀⣐⣸⣐⣀⣀⣽⢀⣀⡀⣀⣆⣀⣀⣆⣐⣇⣰⣸⣰⣀⣇⣀⣜⣀⣸⣀⣰⣀⣀⣀⣀⣆⣻⣇⣄⣀⣀⣀⠀⣰⣀⢐⣀⣸⣟⣀⣃⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢛⡃⣿⠏⠹⠋⠁⢟⡃⠛⣿⡉⢩⠙⢻⡟⠛⡟⢉⡙⠛⢛⢘⠙⠛⠛⣟⠁⠛⠛⣿⠉⢛⠋⡋⠏⠋⠋⠛⠋⣻⢙⢛⢿⡉⠛⠛⣻⢋⠙⢛⠛⠛⡙⣟⠘⡟⢛⠁⠙⠙⢛⡏⡛⠛⡛⢋⠛⢻⠏⠛⠛⡉⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡶⡷⡿⢾⠗⠺⠖⡷⡶⢶⢿⡶⠳⢶⢾⡷⠲⡶⣶⡷⡶⣾⢶⠒⡶⠶⡿⡖⡾⡶⢿⡾⡾⢲⡶⢳⡶⠷⡶⠖⡾⣷⠖⠿⢶⢶⣥⣿⠶⡶⡞⢾⡶⠓⡿⢷⢶⡾⣶⠖⠶⠺⣷⡶⢶⢷⠾⡶⡾⠶⣶⢶⢶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣐⣔⣀⣠⣂⣠⣀⣔⣀⣄⣨⣇⣇⣀⣾⣇⣀⣄⣸⣀⡁⡀⣢⣀⣇⣂⣀⣃⣀⣅⣸⣇⣀⣿⣣⣄⣰⣀⣇⣂⣄⣸⣓⣅⣀⣘⣻⣇⣀⣐⣃⣈⣐⣀⣇⡀⢂⣧⣀⣄⣘⣀⣿⣠⣀⣀⢀⣄⣀⣂⣻⣀⣂⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⣿⢉⠉⠉⡝⠁⢋⠉⢹⠉⢉⢻⡏⠍⢩⠈⢋⠉⣿⠁⢻⠉⡍⠋⡅⠉⢋⢻⡏⠋⠙⡁⣿⠁⡙⠉⣿⠙⢉⠋⡅⠉⢋⢹⡏⠉⡙⠹⢉⠉⡉⡉⣿⡇⡈⠋⠃⡹⠁⢉⠋⢹⡟⡙⠉⣿⠉⡉⠉⢩⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠶⡶⠶⡿⡾⠲⠖⡾⡶⢾⣶⠒⢶⠾⡞⡓⠶⠾⠶⢳⠖⠿⠶⡷⣖⡳⠶⠶⢶⢾⠞⡷⢒⡞⠶⠿⢶⡗⠶⠿⡗⠗⠶⢶⣶⠧⡼⠧⠶⣷⣾⣶⣶⢶⣶⢺⣷⢻⣶⣶⡥⠷⠞⢦⣼⢳⡞⣶⢿⢲⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢘⣤⣜⣤⣸⣀⣁⣜⣄⣤⣻⣀⣇⣀⣇⣶⣸⣀⣂⣠⣃⣀⣸⣀⣧⣀⣀⣅⣠⣠⣃⣧⣙⣅⣸⣘⣀⣆⣀⣸⣇⣆⣄⣸⣿⣂⣥⣼⣸⣅⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣂⣀⣂⠀⣿⣧⣘⣠⣃⣠⣂⣐⣸⣀⣂⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⢋⠋⢹⠀⢋⡏⠋⡫⠙⣻⡋⠛⢿⠉⡛⠛⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⢛⠏⣽⠛⠙⡋⠙⡛⢋⣹⣿⢡⣬⠈⡍⡉⠛⠈⠉⣹⠉⠃⠋⢿⣯⡨⠁⡅⣼⢉⠋⡏⠙⠙⠉⠋⠉⡅⡹⣹⢉⠋⢋⠋⢏⠈⡉⠙⠉⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣴⣦⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣥⣿⣴⣷⣷⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣇⢂⣈⠈⢈⣱⣁⢘⢈⣀⡑⣉⣹⣈⣌⣂⢉⣆⣉⢀⣂⢈⣀⡁⣁⢈⣏⢀⢁⣷⣰⣉⢈⣁⢈⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣁⡁⣡⣡⡡⣁⣈⢈⣌⢈⣸⣐⡃⣁⢈⢈⢁⣰⣇⢆⣡⠈⣁⣇⣁⣠⢈⣀⡑⣉⣸⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠱⠶⠉⢩⠉⠁⠫⠈⠉⡅⠈⠉⠍⣿⠀⡍⠉⣿⠨⠋⠉⠉⠉⠨⠉⣙⢠⠈⡍⠁⢽⠫⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠸⠉⠈⠉⠨⣯⠀⡇⠉⠩⢸⡇⢉⠋⣿⢀⠁⡏⣽⠸⠿⣿⠀⠸⢿⡏⠈⠍⠉⠤⠉⠉⠨⣿⣿ ⣿⠟⠻⠿⢿⠛⣻⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⢿⠾⣿⠛⠷⠔⠿⡿⠟⢿⢛⠻⠿⠿⠾⠿⠟⠼⠿⡟⠛⠿⠿⢿⢓⢛⡛⡛⢓⠺⢻⡾⠿⠿⣟⢻⠟⣿⢛⡳⠿⠿⠻⠼⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⣟⡛⠛⡟⡟⡻⡿⠷⠴⠞⡟⠟⢿⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣼⣤⣼⣤⣼⣠⣼⣌⣀⣤⣠⣠⣤⣿⣴⣄⣤⣄⣤⣤⣽⣌⣴⣤⢁⣠⣼⣤⣄⣄⣤⣤⣤⣼⣼⣜⣤⣤⣶⣌⣵⣸⣆⣤⣧⣯⣼⣤⣿⣀⣄⡄⣡⣤⣠⣧⣤⣡⣄⣤⣯⣤⣄⣧⣥⣠⣇⣤⣧⣤⣧⣥⣧⣠⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⡢⢐⡁⡆⣣⠋⣿⠙⠙⠙⢸⠋⡟⠝⢡⣿⢈⠀⣿⢐⠉⠃⠉⡍⠉⠉⢩⠋⡷⠂⠀⡓⠀⠎⢿⠨⠈⠉⣻⠩⠩⠉⢩⠉⢹⠈⠁⢩⠉⢉⡍⢸⡇⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⢹⠩⢨⠉⠉⠉⠙⠉⣟⠉⠩⠁⣯⠈⠝⣿⣿ ⣿⠗⠒⢺⢿⡾⢿⡶⠿⠞⠮⠜⠮⠼⠻⠾⠾⢿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣾⣷⣾⣾⣯⣼⣿⣶⣷⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣷⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣧⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣤⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣇⣇⣠⣠⣇⣸⣇⣄⠀⣌⣄⣸⣀⣠⣀⣸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣙⠿⠿⠿⠏⠟⠹⠻⠟⠿⠿⠻⣿⠋⡿⠛⠟⠿⠛⠻⠟⣿⠛⢻⣿⠿⠟⡿⡟⠿⠿⠻⠻⠿⠙⢿⠋⢻⣿⠻⠟⠟⢹⡟⡟⡏⠛⡿⠻⠋⡟⠏⠻⠻⡟⠙⠻⠻⠻⡿⠻⠻⡿⠻⠋⡟⠏⠿⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣮⣭⣤⣼⢤⣤⣮⣤⣤⣧⣤⣄⣁⣧⣶⣤⣧⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣌⣿⣠⣤⣦⣤⣄⣠⣦⣄⣤⣼⣼⣭⣌⣿⣤⣼⣬⣼⣷⣴⣧⣤⣿⣥⣼⣧⣥⣤⣤⣯⣥⣬⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣧⣥⣼⣧⣥⣤⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⢰⢩⠀⠌⠉⢩⠉⢹⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢨⡅⠀⡜⡀⢰⠀⢸⡇⠐⡀⠀⢰⠀⡀⠀⡁⠀⢀⡇⢰⠀⢸⡇⡄⣆⣀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡇⠀⢃⠀⢰⠀⣀⠐⠐⢈⢂⢰⠁⣺⠀⢰⠀⢀⡇⢀⠀⠐⣀⠀⡁⠀⢸⡇⢀⢂⠰⡇⡑⣸⣰⠀⢊⠀⢺⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠛⡛⢻⢹⢛⠛⠛⠛⡻⠛⠓⢚⠉⢛⠛⠛⢛⣿⠉⠛⠟⣿⠛⠍⠛⠹⣛⠙⣿⠛⠟⠏⢙⠙⠟⠟⣻⠛⠛⠟⢙⠻⢻⠙⡛⠟⢻⠛⠛⠛⡻⠉⠙⠛⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣤⣧⣼⣼⣨⣦⣦⣴⣵⣤⣤⣮⣤⣼⣄⣠⣴⣼⣼⣤⣶⣿⣴⣼⣧⣴⣬⣴⣿⣤⣦⣤⣮⣤⣦⣧⣿⣠⣤⣦⣮⣢⣿⣤⣮⣤⣼⣤⣠⣄⣵⣴⣦⣤⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⣭⠛⢛⠛⠋⢋⠙⠛⡉⢛⠛⠛⡏⢙⠋⠋⡋⡋⡙⠛⡏⡉⠛⡋⡛⠻⡛⢉⡏⠉⠛⢻⢛⡋⠛⠛⢻⢛⠋⠋⠛⢛⢙⠛⢻⠋⢻⠛⢙⠛⠙⠛⠛⡋⡟⡛⠛⡟⠛⠙⡋⢙⠋⡏⢛⡛⠛⠋⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣾⣦⣴⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣦⣼⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣴⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⡙⠻⠿⣿⠟⠟⠿⠿⠿⠻⠹⢿⠹⠻⠻⠟⠛⣿⠿⠙⡟⠏⡟⠿⠟⠿⠿⠻⠿⡟⠋⠿⠻⡿⠋⠿⠟⠏⠟⠻⠿⠿⢿⠻⠟⢿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⡟⠿⠹⢻⡿⠻⠻⠟⠛⡿⠏⡿⠿⠟⠏⠟⠿⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣧⣤⣤⣿⣬⣬⣤⣴⣄⣥⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣷⣭⣤⣥⣤⣧⣤⣼⣄⣠⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣷⣥⣤⣬⣥⣤⣤⣤⣼⣼⣮⣬⣼⣬⣴⣤⣤⣬⣧⣧⣤⣤⣇⣥⣤⣼⣤⣧⣥⣏⣤⣤⣥⣬⣤⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⢩⢹⠉⣿⠉⠈⡅⡇⠍⢹⡏⠉⢹⠉⠉⢹⡏⠩⡍⠉⠹⠁⠄⠉⠝⢩⠈⠉⠉⠅⡏⠁⠈⠉⠉⡋⠉⠝⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⢾⣷⣿⣾⡷⢿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⡾⢿⣷⣿⣾⢾⡿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⢾⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣿⡇⣀⢸⠈⡈⣼⡗⢈⠂⠆⠧⢸⣿⠀⡌⠀⣿⡇⡀⡌⠈⠀⠈⠄⠀⢠⠁⣿⡡⠀⣼⡇⠄⢈⠈⣿⠠⢄⠇⢠⠀⠠⠁⠐⠸⠀⣿⡇⡄⠈⠈⠈⠀⠰⣿⠰⢂⢰⢸⠀⠌⢸⢿⡇⠄⠈⢈⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⢛⠛⠛⣛⠟⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠟⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⣿⡟⠻⠻⠟⠟⢿⠋⠟⠛⠟⢹⠛⠙⠟⢿⡟⠉⠟⠟⠻⠻⠻⠻⢹⡿⠙⡟⠙⠟⠸⠻⠻⠟⢿⢿⢋⡙⠻⠛⠛⠛⠟⠟⠛⠛⠿⢻⡟⡝⡉⠟⡹⡟⣙⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣭⣤⣧⣭⣾⣤⣿⣤⣤⣬⣥⣦⣤⢤⣤⢥⣤⣬⣹⢧⣥⣴⣤⣥⣮⣤⣧⣤⢬⣼⡧⣤⣤⣼⣧⣥⣦⢤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣼⣧⣶⣥⢼⣴⣬⣴⣥⣼⣠⣿⡮⣥⡥⣼⣤⣼⣤⡤⣤⣥⣤⣼⠧⣣⣥⣤⣦⣦⡭⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠉⡉⡏⠈⡏⠌⢉⠌⠡⠉⠩⠈⠈⢸⡀⢠⠁⠁⢽⠀⡁⢹⠈⠁⠨⠉⢡⠉⠈⠈⠀⣿⠈⠌⡏⠈⠏⠀⠉⠁⠇⠨⡧⠡⢹⠨⠀⠁⢹⢃⡘⠁⠉⠁⡇⢡⠁⠁⠨⠉⠈⠀⡏⠉⠈⡇⠶⡡⠉⠏⠉⠡⠅⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠿⠿⢿⡟⢷⠿⠿⢻⠾⢿⡏⠟⠿⠿⠻⢹⡟⠹⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⣿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠛⠿⠟⢿⠟⠙⠿⢿⡿⠏⠿⠟⠟⢿⠻⠿⣿⠿⠻⢿⠋⠿⠻⣿⡿⠹⠟⡿⠋⠻⠹⢿⡟⡏⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣮⣤⣿⣤⣼⣤⣤⣼⣴⣼⣧⣤⣄⣠⣤⣼⣧⣥⣤⣤⣼⣤⣴⣤⣦⣵⣬⣮⣷⣁⣬⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣈⣸⣧⣼⣤⣼⣧⣧⣈⣤⣤⣽⣬⣤⣾⣤⣬⣼⣤⣤⣤⣽⣧⣦⣥⣿⣤⣧⣤⣼⣧⣥⣤⣧⣤⣹⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠉⠉⡍⢉⠈⡏⠈⠉⡍⠉⡃⠡⡉⠉⠈⠉⠉⣯⢉⠉⠈⠉⠈⡏⠍⠉⢩⠨⠈⠍⠈⠍⠈⠠⡍⡍⠌⣿⠈⡌⡏⢹⡏⠼⠈⠁⡍⠡⠁⠁⠡⠉⡘⡏⠌⢠⣿⡌⠉⠄⠹⠁⠁⢡⠈⠉⢸⡏⠉⠄⠅⠡⠉⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠟⠿⢺⡟⠻⠷⣿⠛⡛⡟⡟⠛⠛⠛⡛⣿⠗⠛⠻⠿⣿⠛⡛⠷⠟⠛⢻⢻⡗⠶⠟⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠛⡟⠟⠿⠾⣿⠛⠳⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⠛⠿⠟⠿⡿⠟⢿⢟⡛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣤⣇⣁⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣬⣼⣧⣵⣠⣿⣥⣤⣥⣧⣬⣴⣧⣥⣿⣆⣤⣤⣤⣿⣥⣤⣥⣤⣧⣿⣮⣥⣼⣤⣬⣤⣼⣧⣥⣼⣧⣥⣴⣤⣿⣤⣥⣤⣧⣥⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣴⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣽⣮⣥⣼⣼⣤⣥⣴⣿⣿ ⣿⣛⣛⡏⢹⡅⢩⠉⠩⠈⢹⡏⠉⠉⢘⠉⢩⢹⡍⠉⢨⠁⠩⠅⢹⡇⠉⢿⢩⠉⠁⢽⠋⢹⠅⠁⠉⠨⠉⠨⠉⢩⡙⣹⠠⠉⠍⠁⡝⢹⡏⠉⢸⡅⢨⠉⢹⡇⠀⢐⡀⠆⡁⡿⣯⠉⠁⡍⠈⠭⠈⣿⢨⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⢿⠟⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⠿⣿⡟⢛⠻⠿⠿⠖⠟⢿⢿⠿⠟⠳⠿⠿⣿⠛⠿⠿⣿⢛⣛⠟⠿⢛⣻⡷⠷⢿⠿⠿⢿⠟⠻⠿⠻⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣤⣠⣤⣼⣼⣼⣬⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⡈⣸⣤⣌⣤⣿⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣧⣼⣤⣤⣧⣬⣤⣤⣽⣯⣠⣼⣤⣤⣧⣥⢂⣾⣤⣤⣬⣤⣼⣿⣤⣧⣤⣿⣬⣤⣤⣤⣍⣽⣦⣥⣵⣥⣤⣬⣤⣬⣤⣬⣤⣥⣤⣹⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠘⠸⠰⠀⠀⡈⠴⢸⠈⠉⠙⡁⠈⠙⠅⡇⠀⠉⡏⢩⠉⠉⡍⠁⠍⠉⠩⠉⡅⠉⣫⠉⠩⠁⠉⡏⠍⠉⠋⠉⡏⠉⠉⠩⠁⠸⠁⠅⠉⢩⢹⠈⠍⡏⠉⠏⠩⠉⠉⠉⡇⠅⠉⠉⡇⢩⠋⠈⠏⠉⠈⡅⠉⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠿⠗⠟⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣛⠿⢿⣿⣛⢞⢺⡟⡿⠾⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠺⠾⢿⣾⠿⣿⠟⠿⠷⠿⠷⠿⠾⠿⡟⠞⠻⢷⡗⠷⠿⠓⠻⠿⢻⣿⡟⣛⢺⠣⢚⡚⡛⢚⢺⣷⠿⠿⠟⠾⠛⠻⠗⠿⠾⠞⣿⡟⠻⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣇⣤⣡⣥⣌⣤⣼⣽⣧⣍⣤⣧⣿⣥⣭⣾⢃⣇⣤⣧⣄⣹⣿⣠⣼⣤⣠⣼⣿⣠⣿⣧⣄⣥⣤⣡⣠⣼⣤⣤⣤⣄⣼⣧⣡⣠⣧⣤⣡⣌⣿⣯⣠⣌⣼⣤⣤⣶⣌⣴⣿⢀⣆⣤⣡⣤⣄⣤⣤⣠⣤⣿⣧⣤⣠⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⡌⠙⠝⠑⠋⠛⠙⣿⢋⠃⠋⠏⢹⣿⠀⡝⢉⣿⠁⡙⠋⣿⡋⠝⠙⡙⠙⡉⠙⠙⢉⣿⠄⢱⢹⢸⡂⣴⡼⣿⢱⠌⠉⠋⢻⡟⡙⢠⣿⠁⡙⠋⣿⠋⠛⠋⡇⢋⠋⠙⢹⡟⡋⠈⠙⠉⡟⠙⠙⠁⣿⠀⢋⢏⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣴⣷⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣿⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣾⣾⣿⣶⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣧⣼⣾⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣧⣾⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⡟⡛⡛⠛⡻⠛⠩⠛⢹⠛⠛⢛⠋⡛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣴⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠡⡎⠉⣩⠋⠅⢫⠈⠉⡅⢩⠋⢹⡟⠌⢋⢩⠘⣽⠈⢉⢹⡇⠉⢿⡏⠉⢹⡩⡙⠉⢩⠉⢩⠃⢹⣇⢺⣿⠉⢋⠉⢸⣇⠋⡆⡇⡟⡍⢠⡏⡅⠙⣙⣏⡂⠨⡉⠉⡏⠙⢹⡏⠉⣼⡍⢨⠋⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⢛⠿⠛⢿⠷⠾⠶⠞⡶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣦⣼⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣷⣿⣾⣧⣶⣾⣿⣾⣤⣾⣶⣴⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣸⣸⣀⣣⣀⣼⣀⣠⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠟⠿⢿⠏⠟⠿⢿⡟⠿⢿⠻⠟⠻⠹⠻⠿⠟⢻⠛⠿⠟⣿⠿⢿⠿⠟⠻⠻⠿⣿⢻⠿⠛⠿⠛⠏⢟⢟⣿⠿⠟⠿⢿⠟⡿⠿⠛⡿⠛⠻⠟⢻⠋⠟⠟⢹⠿⠿⢻⢻⠻⠿⣿⠹⠟⠏⢟⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣼⣧⣤⣦⣧⣼⣄⣸⡦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⢤⣧⣤⣬⣼⡤⣧⣤⡿⣴⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⡤⢤⡬⣤⣼⣤⣥⣥⣧⣤⣼⣤⣼⢤⣦⣤⣥⣧⣥⣤⣬⢼⢤⣤⣮⣼⣾⣤⣼⣼⣬⣤⣿⣤⣮⣤⣬⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠈⡄⢸⢸⠱⠁⡡⠉⢎⠪⠈⠀⡁⢠⠁⠠⠸⣿⢈⠌⢰⡇⠈⡄⠈⡁⠄⡌⡇⢈⠌⢠⠁⢹⠡⡁⣿⠀⡌⠈⡏⠌⠀⢰⠈⠁⠡⢺⢠⠁⠨⢸⡣⠁⠈⠌⢸⠁⠀⠄⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣋⣂⣰⣀⣀⣐⣀⣀⣆⣀⡁⢸⣐⣀⣀⣐⣇⣰⣀⣸⣰⣀⣐⣐⣀⣕⣀⣾⣀⣆⣀⣇⣂⣸⣀⣀⣇⣰⣁⡠⢡⣇⣀⣨⣂⣁⣀⣆⣀⣰⣀⣀⣂⣇⡀⣂⣇⣀⣸⣰⣀⣅⣀⣂⣀⣑⣀⣺⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⡆⡌⠁⣿⠡⠡⡉⢡⠋⠁⡇⠁⢡⠁⠉⡌⠨⢺⡏⠄⡌⠈⢸⠃⠉⡌⠈⠁⣿⠸⠈⠁⣿⢰⠈⢰⠉⠅⠁⡇⣿⠈⢜⡏⢌⢉⠄⠀⢡⠁⠕⡁⢹⠁⣿⠁⠸⠈⠁⠉⢸⡇⢌⠈⢸⠈⢀⢾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠿⠛⠟⠛⠟⣻⢛⠛⠟⣿⠛⠟⠟⠳⢿⢛⠻⡟⠻⠛⣿⠛⠟⠿⠿⠻⠛⠻⢹⠻⠛⣶⠛⠻⠛⣿⠻⠻⠟⠟⠛⠋⢟⠟⣿⠟⠏⣽⠋⠻⠛⣶⢻⠝⠋⠻⢻⡟⢟⢿⢟⢛⢛⠉⠿⠻⣿⢛⣻⡛⠙⠟⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣴⣦⣬⣤⣤⣿⣬⣤⣤⣿⣼⣤⣤⣤⣿⣼⣤⣧⣤⣥⣿⣀⣬⣦⣤⣤⣧⣧⣤⣧⣀⣿⣤⣧⣤⣿⣤⣴⣤⣤⣮⣥⣥⣦⣿⣬⣦⣿⣤⣧⣤⣿⣼⣄⣠⣧⣬⣧⣮⣾⣥⣬⣼⣤⣤⣬⣧⣼⣽⣯⣬⣦⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠄⠉⠉⡩⠉⢍⠍⠉⠩⢹⠠⡌⠁⠩⡉⠉⢽⡰⢆⠠⠀⠉⠍⢽⡇⡩⠈⡩⣽⠠⠄⢤⡰⢊⡎⢹⡏⡩⠉⠍⡍⠅⠍⠉⡅⠉⡩⢸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠷⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣀⣿⣃⣀⣂⣀⣸⣟⣀⣀⣇⣟⣸⣇⣐⣀⣸⣇⣛⣠⣆⣃⣷⣀⣟⣠⣉⣂⣀⣂⣀⣂⣀⣀⣂⣂⣁⣐⣠⣀⣿⣘⣋⣂⣀⣂⣀⣒⣀⣿⣀⣐⣀⡀⣂⣀⣈⣀⣿⣀⣁⣑⣂⣀⣈⣀⣐⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⣭⡏⠹⢫⢩⢹⣏⠙⡍⣯⡨⣿⢟⡛⠛⠛⠋⡃⢋⠛⢻⡟⢻⡟⠛⠙⠛⢻⡿⠉⡟⢙⠘⣹⠘⢻⣇⠉⡌⠛⣿⠛⠁⣿⠁⡹⠛⣿⡉⠛⠛⡛⠋⢋⡛⢻⡏⠉⠛⢋⠛⢟⠙⠋⡃⢋⠛⢛⢹⡏⡘⠛⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⢶⢾⣷⢾⢶⢾⡷⡶⣷⠶⣾⡾⣷⠶⣷⢶⢲⢶⣾⡦⡼⡷⣾⣷⠶⢲⡾⠾⢷⢿⣶⠓⣶⣶⢶⢾⠷⡶⡾⣶⢿⣶⠺⡿⠶⡷⡶⡿⣶⡷⠲⠗⢓⢳⢶⢾⣷⢷⡶⡧⣴⢶⢶⢶⢶⢲⢷⡶⣾⡷⠳⡶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣢⣀⣸⣀⣈⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣻⣇⣀⣰⡀⣢⣀⣢⢀⣀⣄⣀⣸⣇⣠⣸⣇⣃⣀⣸⣿⣐⣂⣀⣆⣢⢀⣀⣁⣀⣸⣟⣰⣁⣄⣀⣰⣀⣿⣌⣣⣸⣸⣀⣂⣸⣯⣒⣀⣰⣀⣃⣀⣀⣆⣀⣆⠀⣿⣇⣰⣀⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⡅⢉⠋⠉⣽⠙⡝⣏⠍⡍⠛⠈⠋⣻⠙⢉⡏⢸⢏⠋⢩⠋⠋⡙⡁⠛⠉⢋⢹⠉⡙⠉⡟⠙⠙⡗⠉⠙⠋⠙⡍⡿⠉⠏⣉⢸⣽⠘⢙⢽⡏⢸⡊⡏⠉⡙⠉⣿⠑⣅⢻⢋⢋⠋⢹⢉⠉⢩⠉⡗⠉⢋⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣷⣤⣶⣶⡾⢶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⢶⣿⣶⢾⡷⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⢤⡾⡶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⣶⣾⣴⢷⣿⣶⢷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⡷⢶⣿⣶⣶⣿⡶⢷⡶⡟⡶⡶⣾⣶⠷⠶⢧⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣘⣀⣰⣀⣢⣆⣀⣀⣀⣸⣯⣀⣀⣂⣀⣀⣀⣢⣀⣀⣿⣀⣀⣅⣸⣇⣂⣀⣸⡇⣂⣀⠎⣆⣰⣀⣀⣆⣺⣇⣢⣾⣇⣆⣀⣆⣀⣃⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣨⣂⣰⣟⣿⣡⣜⣠⣂⣐⣃⣀⣿⣂⣘⣀⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠛⠋⡋⢿⢋⠛⠋⣿⡋⢋⠛⢉⠛⢻⡇⠻⠙⠹⠘⣹⡟⡟⠋⠋⠛⢻⢋⠋⠛⡙⢛⠋⢋⢋⠃⢋⠋⢻⡏⠋⢋⠈⢋⠛⡋⣿⡇⡛⠛⡁⠘⡹⠙⠉⡟⠛⡙⡟⠙⡛⠙⡙⢋⢋⠛⠉⣿⢋⠋⢉⠛⠛⣹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡷⠶⡖⡶⡾⢶⢷⡶⠞⠶⠷⢶⡾⣶⡾⡷⡖⡖⡶⢲⢾⠷⡷⢶⡷⠶⠾⣷⠲⡶⣷⡶⡶⡾⢾⡖⢾⢦⣼⡷⢶⡾⢲⢷⢶⢶⠞⣷⠳⢶⢶⡶⣶⡶⠶⠷⠆⠔⣷⢶⢷⠾⠶⠾⠦⢰⠶⡾⡶⣷⣾⠶⡶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⣰⣀⣰⡀⢐⣨⣇⣃⣀⣠⣻⣕⣸⣔⣃⣀⣇⣿⣀⣢⣸⣇⣸⣗⣀⣰⣠⣄⣀⣿⣘⣁⣅⣺⣇⣠⣑⣿⣀⣰⣀⣨⣀⣀⣰⣀⣿⣀⠆⣼⣅⣸⣂⣄⣀⣸⣸⣧⣣⣂⣰⣄⣰⣀⣸⣀⣀⣀⣘⣿⣀⣸⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⢉⢉⠙⡝⢩⠸⡙⠙⡋⠉⡝⡟⡝⢰⡏⠉⢉⠋⢹⠈⢹⠋⠉⠋⡋⢽⡟⡝⢩⡏⢹⢫⠉⡍⠉⡏⠉⣿⠉⢡⡟⠙⡉⠙⠉⠘⡙⠹⠉⡋⢉⢙⣿⠁⡙⠉⢩⡏⢈⠉⢹⢋⠘⠙⣹⢈⠁⠋⠋⡝⡏⢫⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡷⠖⠶⡾⠾⣶⢾⣶⠖⠷⠖⢳⠷⣾⠾⠷⢶⠾⠆⣾⠲⡾⣼⠶⠳⡶⣶⠿⠾⠾⢷⠞⠧⣶⢷⠒⡶⢴⡿⡶⠾⠷⠾⣷⠢⢶⢾⠶⠱⡷⣶⡶⡶⠿⡶⢷⠲⠶⡷⠾⠶⡾⣷⡶⠞⢶⢶⢲⡷⠶⠗⡷⠶⢾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣗⣁⣁⣴⣜⣯⣠⣗⣠⣃⣇⣠⣀⣺⣸⣀⣜⣐⣁⣿⣘⣄⣺⣜⣠⣄⣺⣼⣀⣂⣜⣀⣜⣧⣣⣸⣯⣸⣷⣱⣀⣜⣀⣿⣀⠆⣼⣜⣸⣄⣺⣄⣂⣸⡄⣸⣄⡰⢱⣀⣀⣂⣑⣯⣃⣨⣂⣸⡇⣀⣇⣌⣄⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⡙⠍⢨⠈⡝⢙⡏⢩⢰⡏⢻⠉⢨⢩⠀⠉⣙⡏⠍⠉⢻⠩⢹⠨⠉⢹⡏⠁⡝⠉⣙⠉⡏⠍⢙⡇⢨⠉⢹⡇⡈⡍⢉⠹⠌⠘⢙⠉⢨⡏⠍⢰⡇⢨⠋⢹⠡⠎⢠⢠⠈⡍⣙⢹⠍⠋⠉⡅⡇⡅⠉⠉⢽⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣾⣧⣼⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣷⣾⣷⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⢿⠿⡟⠿⠻⢿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⡿⡟⠿⡿⠻⡿⡟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⢻⢻⡿⡟⠿⠿⡿⢿⠟⠻⠿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣬⣤⣇⣠⣤⣧⣤⣤⠤⢤⣵⢤⣧⣤⣬⡤⣤⣤⠤⣤⡤⣤⢤⡤⣤⣧⠥⠥⣿⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣧⣤⣤⣧⠤⣤⢤⣥⢧⣤⢼⢬⣥⡤⢤⣤⣥⡼⠬⡤⢇⣠⣼⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣇⣀⣂⣂⣀⣀⣱⣁⣀⣀⣐⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣄⣀⣐⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣆⣀⣀⣀⣠⣇⣇⣀⣠⣀⣀⣁⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⠄⣰⢈⠡⡌⣼⠻⡟⠛⠛⡛⡛⠃⠋⠃⢛⠛⠘⠙⢛⠟⠋⣪⡇⣇⢹⡇⠎⠩⠨⠉⠈⠉⠉⣽⠆⡅⠰⠪⠀⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣾⡿⣾⣷⣷⣶⢶⡷⣤⣷⢷⣾⣶⣾⡾⣾⣷⡶⣾⢷⣷⣿⣷⡾⣷⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⡶⣶⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠸⠂⠀⡄⠀⢈⠄⠀⢠⠀⡌⠀⡿⢐⠁⡄⠆⠠⢈⠈⠀⡇⡆⠿⡇⢎⠈⢰⠈⠀⡅⠀⠁⠀⡌⡧⢙⣿⠀⡁⠀⢰⣧⢁⡇⡇⣏⠌⢰⡇⢀⠀⢸⡧⢅⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⢹⡡⡁⣾⠠⡌⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡍⡍⡋⡏⠛⢿⠛⠛⡏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣷⣧⣧⣤⣼⣦⣤⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢙⠈⢉⠏⠈⡙⠉⡟⠙⠙⢍⠋⢉⠃⢉⠋⠋⠉⡏⢈⠋⢹⡙⠉⢉⠈⡍⠉⢉⢻⡉⠹⠁⠉⡉⠁⡋⠋⠇⠉⡏⢉⢹⠋⡋⠙⠁⡏⠁⠙⢉⠘⡁⠉⢋⢸⢉⠋⠉⣽⠙⡙⡇⡙⠉⠘⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⡟⣿⠾⠶⠾⡾⡶⡷⠤⠟⠲⢾⠶⠶⣾⠖⠾⡶⢶⠾⠗⢾⠲⠾⠳⡾⠾⠶⠒⠒⢾⠾⠶⡶⠶⢶⠗⠶⢶⠲⠷⠶⢷⠶⡾⠶⠷⠒⠲⠷⢲⢶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣌⣤⣅⣀⣏⣀⣸⣀⣌⣄⣀⣀⣠⣀⣤⢁⣀⣹⣇⣜⣄⣿⣠⣀⣇⣠⣹⣀⣧⣇⣀⣤⣀⣥⣀⣸⡇⣀⣠⣤⡁⣼⣼⣀⣀⣸⣅⡀⡀⣡⣠⣄⣀⣘⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⡛⠛⠛⠛⠹⠋⠛⢛⠙⠻⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⡛⠋⠻⠻⡋⠛⠟⠛⠛⡿⠛⢹⢛⠙⠟⡿⠻⠻⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⡟⡏⠻⠻⠟⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⢹⡿⠛⠻⡟⠟⢻⠉⠻⠙⠙⠛⠿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣥⣤⣼⣤⣴⣀⣧⣴⣤⣤⣵⣥⣴⣴⣧⣤⣦⣥⣥⣧⣵⣼⣬⣤⣤⣷⣭⣤⣤⣤⣧⣼⣤⣜⣰⣧⣤⣼⣥⣮⣤⣼⣤⣼⣤⣤⣼⣧⣄⣵⣮⣤⣼⣴⣥⣴⣤⣴⣤⣦⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢛⠛⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⡟⠿⡿⠿⠟⢿⣿⢿⠿⠻⡿⢿⣿⠻⢿⡿⢿⡿⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⣿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠛⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠛⣿⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣭⣤⣼⣿⣬⣤⣼⣤⣬⣤⣤⣧⣼⣄⣤⣤⣍⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣄⣼⣧⣼⣿⣤⣡⣼⣤⣤⣠⣿⣿⢠⣄⣧⣼⣤⣤⣾⣤⣤⣧⣼⣧⣠⣤⣦⣠⣤⣡⢂⣆⣤⣼⣧⣡⣼⣿⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠂⠊⠏⠉⠍⠩⠋⠉⠉⢹⡇⡈⠉⠍⠉⡍⢸⠱⠌⢠⠀⠫⠍⠹⡏⠇⠙⢙⡇⡲⢈⠡⡎⣼⠹⠏⠉⠉⠍⡉⠁⠉⢩⠨⠉⠸⡿⠭⠈⠉⠝⠈⠉⡍⠉⠉⠉⠏⠁⠙⠙⡏⠈⠙⠅⠙⠩⠅⠘⠍⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠗⠾⠶⠾⠾⣴⠳⡗⠷⣿⠿⠿⠾⢾⠶⠿⠾⠷⠾⠞⠓⠷⠷⢶⠟⠳⡾⠞⣷⠾⠾⠷⠾⠿⣾⠷⢷⠷⠖⠳⢷⡗⠿⣿⠾⠶⠿⠾⠷⠶⠟⢾⡾⠟⢠⡳⠗⠿⢶⠿⡞⠷⠾⠾⠶⠶⠷⠷⣿⠚⠾⠷⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣼⣼⣤⣼⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣠⣤⣧⣠⣼⣤⣤⣅⣤⣤⣤⣼⣼⣧⣤⣄⣤⣿⣤⣴⣤⣼⣤⣿⣤⣧⣤⣤⣄⣼⣧⣼⣼⣼⣤⣤⣨⣤⣤⣥⣽⣌⣤⣿⣥⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣬⣤⣤⣽⣼⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠨⠁⠀⠉⢹⡏⠍⠉⢩⠀⠩⠅⠩⠉⠁⢅⠉⢩⢹⠉⠋⢹⠉⢉⠉⢼⢸⠁⠉⢹⡨⠈⠉⢹⡄⠉⢉⢩⠈⠏⠈⡝⠉⠉⠉⣏⠍⢠⡇⠅⠉⢹⡏⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠃⣿⠉⠩⠉⢩⠉⠉⡅⢨⢋⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠟⠹⠿⠻⠛⠏⠗⠿⠻⢻⠟⠿⠻⡾⠿⠛⠏⠟⠏⢿⠻⠙⠟⠿⠿⢿⠟⠹⢿⠋⠿⠟⠛⠹⠻⠟⠟⣿⠿⠿⠻⠿⢻⡏⠻⠻⠻⠻⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣬⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣬⣦⣤⣼⣮⣤⣧⣧⣤⣤⣤⣮⣥⣼⣮⣤⣮⣤⣤⣼⣮⣤⣤⣥⣤⣮⣥⣴⣥⣤⣤⣼⣴⣴⣤⣤⣴⣧⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠙⢻⣯⠙⠛⠛⠛⢿⡉⢋⢹⢹⠍⣟⠋⠻⠛⣯⠉⡍⠙⣭⢋⡟⢻⡏⢻⠋⢛⠛⢙⠛⢹⠛⠙⡛⠋⡋⠛⠛⢿⢩⡭⠛⠛⡟⠛⣻⠉⣿⠛⢛⢙⠛⡙⠙⠛⡋⡟⡋⠛⢛⡏⠛⠙⡛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⢻⡿⣿⠗⠶⣶⠳⡶⠶⠖⢶⣿⣶⣶⢶⣶⢶⢻⣶⢶⣶⢷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⠾⣾⠶⣶⣶⢲⢶⡶⢾⠶⣶⣷⡶⠖⣶⠖⢿⣶⣶⠲⡶⣷⣶⡞⡶⡿⣶⠶⢶⣦⣶⣶⡶⡶⡷⣶⣶⡶⡷⣶⠖⡶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣌⣛⣠⡈⣆⣃⣾⣂⢱⣀⣓⡘⣧⣐⣠⣀⣀⣐⣀⣠⠂⣏⣀⣇⣀⣀⣄⣀⣟⣠⣀⣆⣀⣐⣀⣀⣗⣠⣀⣀⣿⣀⣀⣿⣀⣆⣀⣿⣂⣄⣀⣎⣄⣐⣅⣸⣀⣜⣀⠀⣀⣀⣁⣀⣂⣀⣰⣀⣸⣰⣐⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢉⠋⠉⡉⢉⠋⠋⠙⠙⠉⢩⣿⠉⠉⡙⢉⠃⠉⡝⠉⠙⢙⠹⣿⠉⢡⣿⠁⡙⠉⣿⢀⡈⡏⠉⡙⢉⠋⠋⠋⡙⣿⢀⢍⠋⠈⢉⠋⣿⡡⡌⢠⠀⠈⡉⢹⡟⡙⡉⢉⠋⡉⠉⡉⢹⡈⠙⡉⣿⠁⡉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠴⢲⠶⠳⠾⡖⠶⢾⠶⠲⢶⠛⠶⢶⡷⠴⢷⠖⡧⢷⠶⢶⢾⠿⠶⠚⠿⡶⢷⠶⠻⡶⣶⠶⢾⠖⠴⠳⠲⢶⠷⣿⠚⡶⠶⢲⠾⠲⠾⢷⠞⡚⠺⡶⠶⢾⠟⡾⠒⠚⣶⠶⠶⡷⠾⢶⢾⠤⠿⠲⢷⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣸⣠⢁⣀⣌⣇⣈⣼⣀⣜⣸⣅⣠⣰⣇⣀⣤⣁⣇⣸⣄⣠⣠⣀⣜⣀⣸⡀⢸⣌⣀⣄⣸⣀⣡⣁⣀⣘⣀⣤⢁⣏⣤⣁⣇⣠⣙⣀⣀⣨⣆⣈⣠⣇⣀⣦⣀⣧⣀⣀⣿⣈⣀⣇⣀⣡⣠⣄⣇⣈⣇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠹⠉⠉⠙⠉⠨⠈⠩⠋⠀⠉⠉⠁⣻⠉⠨⠉⠉⠉⠙⠍⠉⠉⡏⠉⡉⠉⣯⠀⡝⠉⡏⠍⠉⠙⡍⠉⠋⠋⠁⢽⠉⠁⡏⡍⠉⡍⠉⠏⠉⠋⠋⠉⠁⠘⠍⢩⠻⡟⠀⠏⢹⠉⡏⡍⠉⠉⠉⠀⢽⠉⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠳⠻⠿⣾⠾⠿⠿⠷⡿⠿⠞⠿⢿⠿⠾⠳⡷⠷⠛⣿⠚⡾⠟⢻⠿⠻⢿⡟⠛⢛⣿⡇⠺⠾⢴⡿⠿⠗⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠻⠿⠞⠿⠿⠺⠻⠷⠿⣷⠛⠿⠾⣿⠿⠻⠿⠷⠿⠾⠿⠿⡾⠞⠾⠿⣿⠳⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣬⣤⣤⣿⣤⣼⣤⣤⣧⣤⣥⣤⣧⣤⣤⣬⣧⣥⣼⣯⣴⣤⣧⣴⣭⣤⣴⣧⣬⣥⣹⣧⣼⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣂⣾⣬⣤⣤⣥⣤⣬⣬⣤⣥⣤⣿⣴⣤⣼⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣧⣥⣤⣤⣼⣬⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠩⠉⠉⡄⠈⠩⠈⠍⠉⠨⠈⠉⠍⣿⠈⢸⡏⢹⡏⠁⢩⠀⡩⠉⣿⢉⠉⠈⠉⡏⠉⠀⢽⠃⠁⣿⠆⢣⠂⠰⢠⣬⡏⠉⢸⡇⢨⠉⢹⡏⢡⠩⠉⡍⠀⡌⢈⢫⡏⡍⠉⢩⠉⠏⠉⠉⢩⠉⠨⠈⠍⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠞⠟⠿⢻⡿⠋⠓⢿⢿⣿⠻⠋⣿⡟⠏⠻⠻⠻⠻⢟⠟⢿⣿⡟⠿⠻⠋⣿⡟⠙⠟⢿⡿⠻⠻⠟⠻⠺⣿⡟⠹⠻⠋⠿⠟⠛⠟⠛⠟⢿⣿⠻⠛⠻⢻⣿⠗⠾⠻⠻⣿⡟⠿⠻⠻⢹⠟⠿⠛⣿⠻⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣨⣤⣤⣿⣷⣥⣤⣃⣾⣷⣤⣼⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣬⣿⣦⣤⣴⣥⣿⣧⣼⣤⣼⣯⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣼⣼⣿⣤⣴⣤⣼⣿⣴⣤⣤⣤⣿⣦⣄⣄⣥⣼⣤⣤⣴⣿⣬⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 838 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/irc-log-060721/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/irc-log-060721/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Tuesday,_July_06,_2021⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:09 am by Needs Sunlight 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmRWjzzazaPAzQZVqGruCKwW9cT2zgXUfxW9y9ZMADmuXi #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmRv3JXfqPQ7Q7D3MGGUj6eYEUfBkBB2gxqCdCkhinHoba (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmQJgtokigCq3hHyANfEEivZYV9RdM1ZVvFvGNvPgDz7Ah social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmdXcenZLCxP5UVBPasyNJpCVK7aXRmmhjRykfz3sVvvrN social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmbnYPPNDebWUxmWmyxfUoTgCs2ZAYTP5ieW9iwbQqnSVn #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmUkXX2dMqmqMHbjwPPwwxscMTJi6C19MbB33hLa1ySSzw (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmYCcQmo2aM65YkFN9G12PWEpGSv3YV6q3Q6p2LKe9CPZG #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmRdz4AcpUVp3Z8JtZCgfHGyNCGt7gsiCZFaAGqu5xPjwq (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmcRVoR1XjzcCzpn5UyNcwrYXdAFt3fqixYfrrAGViNk58 ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 952 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/mozilla-data-stewardship-slant/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/mozilla-data-stewardship-slant/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Mozilla_Does_Not_Respect_Your_Privacy⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, Google at 1:00 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Mozilla_is_the_“socially_acceptable”_face_of_Big_Tech._For example,_Google_and_friends_know_you’d_never_“donate_your_voice”_for_whatever their_next_privacy_eroding_product_is._So_thank_goodness_they_don’t_have_to_ask you._Because_an_entity_they_invest_~_half_a_billion_dollars_into_every_year_and which_you_trust_(maybe_it’s_time_to_review_that_choice?)_can_ask_you_instead. So_Mozilla_creates_a_voice_dataset_and_licenses_it_liberally_so_any surveillance_capitalist_like_Google,_etc.,_can_use_it.⦈_ Posted 2_days_ago Summary: Another facepalm-worthy moment or a dumb post from Mozilla; they’ve just missed an opportunity to keep quiet, instead writing about “DATA STEWARDSHIP” (they should reject data collection instead, but they_hire surveillance_capitalists and are funded by them, too) New spin on spyware won’t make Mozilla any more popular. It’s already bad enough as it is, with Mozilla getting into politics where there’s no real need to. Why do they keep doing this? Burying Mozilla’s own grave as a company… I still remember some Canonical staff writing in defence of Raspberry Pi staff putting Microsoft spyware inside millions of Raspberry Pi devices, without users’ consent and moreover covertly… On what planet do these people live? Do they even understand why people adopt Free software? “Remember that the ‘data masters’ of Audacity are also the masters of Firefox . Same tentacles, same mouths.”For some background, see what we wrote about all that yesterday (there has been further_coverage_about_this_since). To be clear, it’s very much possible that this tactless post boils down to the opinion of one single person, not the whole company (whose stance is the collective opinions of more than one person), but hours ago it was posted not just in the personal_blog but also_in_“Data_@_Mozilla” (blog.mozilla.org). The author is one of their “Telemetry” or “Data Science” people, who use proprietary Microsoft spyware (GitHub/NSA/PRISM) to develop spyware for Firefox. “Data @ Mozilla” = surveillance by Mozilla. I’ve long warned Mozillans to not veer in that direction… but in a Google-funded Mozilla it can be frowned upon when you berate surveillance, not when you support it or make excuses for it. All that “privacy” posing from Mozilla is ruined by the true face of the company, now citing a talk for a notorious DRM player/giant (Ubisoft Data Summit 2021) as if to say that some spying is just “Responsible Data Collection”. This was said in reference to Audacity, so should we assume that using an application which does not need an Internet connection (audio editor), unlike a browser, to spy on the user for the US government is OK? Is that what Mozilla is trying to tell us? Either way, this merely reaffirms the idea that Firefox funded by Google is just a coat of “open” paint on malware. Of course it’s possible for application developers and vendors to just not collect any data in the first place; if authorities insist on accessing some users’ data, there’s no route for compliance, hence the requests are moot. And that’s how it should be. Remember that the ‘data masters’ of Audacity are also the masters of Firefox . Same tentacles, same mouths. █ ⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣴⣥⣥⡄⠀⠀⣤⣠⣤⡆⣤⣴⣦⡤⣤⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⡉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⢀⢸⣿⡏⡇⡀⣀⣿⡷⠶⠷⢿⡿⠶⠶⠶⠾⠶⠿⠶⠦⠶⠦⠾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠠ ⠈⢀⠐⠋⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣤⣠⣀⣀⣠⣄⣄⡀⡤⣄⢀⣠⡠⣀⢠⣄⢠⡄⣀⣄⣀⣤⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⢠⣀⣤⢠⣄⣀⡀⣀⢀⡀⣤⢠⣤⣀⣀⣤⣄⡀⣀⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠃⠛⠟⠸⠾⠛⠟⠀⠿⠛⠟⡟⠛⣛⠻⡿⠚⠛⠻⠳⠛⠿⠞⠛⠟⠻⠛⠻⠂⠘⠸⠛⠛⠟⠸⠞⠃⠸⠛⢽⠧⠙⠻⠟⠟⠛⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣖⡦⣤⡤⣤⣤⢤⣬⣤⣧⢶⣦⣤⠀⣖⣧⣄⣤⡤⣴⣤⡄⣦⣤⣤⡦⢴⡦⣦⣖⣤⣴⣶⡄⣶⢤⣤⢤⣤⣤⢥⣤⡔⣤⢮⡆⢠⣼⣤⣤⣬⡤⠰⡦⣧⢤⣤⣤⣴⣦⣄⣤⡬⣦⣬⠄⣬⡤⣼⡤⣠⡼⠢⣶⢬⡤⠀ ⠀⠉⢉⠉⠀⡉⠉⠉⠉⠈⣙⣉⠉⠙⡁⠉⠉⠉⠉⢛⠋⠉⠁⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⢚⠈⠁⠉⣉⡁⠈⠉⢉⡁⠉⢁⢀⠉⠉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠁⡋⢉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⣉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀ ⠀⠿⠿⠹⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠸⠿⠽⠿⠿⠁⠿⠿⠿⠿⠕⡿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠯⣿⠃⠿⠏⠿⠫⠿⠿⢿⡿⢼⠽⠿⠽⠿⠻⠿⡯⠇⠿⡿⠔⠿⠿⠽⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⣿⠯⠿⡽⠿⠽⠿⠿⠿⠿⠉⠿⡹⡿⡻⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣼⣦⣤⣥⢾⢸⢤⣴⣬⣤⡔⣦⣴⢣⣴⣥⣦⠎⣴⡶⣦⣤⠠⣶⣦⣴⣤⣤⣤⣧⣴⡆⣤⣤⣤⢠⣴⣶⣶⣦⣤⢰⢶⣤⣴⣤⣱⣴⣦⣤⣴⡤⡦⣴⡐⢺⣤⣵⣶⢳⣴⣴⢤⣶⡦⣦⡄⣤⢴⣶⡤⣴⣦⣤⣦⣤⠀ ⢀⡉⠫⡉⠉⠈⠈⠈⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠁⠁⢚⠉⠉⢉⢀⡙⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⢉⠉⣉⠈⠉⠙⠃⡈⠉⠉⣙⣃⠈⠁⣉⠘⠉⠁⠁⡐⠀⠈⠉⠉⢉⣩⠉⠈⠉⣉⠁⠉⡁⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠋⠁⠀ ⠢⠿⠹⠿⠽⠺⠿⠟⠿⢟⡿⣸⠿⠷⠿⠟⠸⡿⠿⠿⠍⠿⠿⠽⠿⠿⠹⣹⠿⠟⠿⢸⢿⠯⠿⢿⠅⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠗⢿⡯⠿⠊⠿⠏⠿⠿⠏⠿⠽⡾⠿⠟⠿⡺⠿⡿⠋⡿⢹⠿⢯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠄⡤⡦⣤⣖⣦⣤⣤⣶⣶⢲⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣦⠤⣤⣤⢠⡅⣮⣦⣼⡦⣤⣤⣤⣆⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⠉⠃⠉⠙⠉⠙⠉⠉⠛⠈⠙⠙⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠑⠛⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⡀⢀⢀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⢽⡷⢼⡾⣿⣿⣷⣿⡷⣷⢴⡿⣷⡷⣷⣷⣷⣾⠠⣿⠴⡶⣷⡷⣷⣾⠰⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⡷⡇⣾⣷⣷⣿⢸⡿⣷⣾⣿⣶⡾⣷⣷⠸⣿⣸⣿⣿⣾⣶⢿⣿⡷⡖⢰⣷⣷⢶⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⢡⣤⢄⣤⣤⡀⣤⣤⣤⣭⣤⣤⣶⣦⣤⣄⣶⢰⣤⣄⣠⣦⣤⣠⣤⣴⣆⣄⣀⣤⣤⣤⡀⢀⣤⣤⣤⡄⣄⣤⣤⣄⢰⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠑⠙⠙⠋⠚⠙⠉⠙⠘⠛⠘⠋⠙⠁⠋⠛⠛⠋⠛⠙⠉⠋⠋⠋⠋⠈⠉⠛⠘⠋⠻⠙⠙⠟⠍⠛⠇⠛⠝⠟⠙⠘⠛⠛⠉⠡⠙⠛⠙⠛⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣰⣤⢦⢰⡄⢤⣴⡶⡄⢠⣤⢤⣦⢡⢴⣴⠀⣔⣦⠀⣶⣤⣴⡄⡀⡦⡔⢠⡄⠄⣤⣄⢠⣤⠀⢤⣮⢠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠉⠈⠀⠉⠉⠀⠉⠈⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⠁⠈⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠈⠈⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1053 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/07/yet-another-but-very-colossal-gpl-violation-by-microsoft/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/07/yet-another-but-very-colossal-gpl-violation-by-microsoft/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Yet_Another_(But_Very_Colossal)_GPL_Violation_by_Microsoft⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software, GPL, Microsoft at 5:44 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz In 1:04:00_of_this_Zurich_talk, GNU’s founder RMS blasted Microsoft’s GitHub over licensing misuse/abuse and now we know Microsoft also uses GitHub for mass infringement of the GPL (or luring others into GPL violations) in order to help it sell proprietary software that spies on users 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Microsoft GPL violation⦈ Accusations of serious GPL violations has been circulating for nearly a week (some of the_latest_coverage) Summary: We’ve lost track of all the times Microsoft got caught red-handed with GPL violations (this has gone on for well over a decade), but now they’re doing that at a really vast scale, this time with the “hey hi” flag as an excuse for doing so Bonus: Turns out Julia Reda is a Microsoft apologist in this case. And she signed the anti-FSF petition (personified as anti-RMS). Common agenda? She was one of the earliest signers. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣅⡉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢿⠿⣿⢿⡟⡿⡿⢿⡟⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣯⣵⠠⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣶⣿⣾⣷⣷⣷⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠨⢯⠇⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⠋⣿⡟⣿⣟⣻⣿⢛⣟⡏⣿⣿⣿⡏⣟⣟⣛⣿⣿⢙⣟⡿⡿⣿⣛⣿⣿⢿⡿⡛⣿⡟⣿⡿⣿⡿⢹⣿⠛⣿⡟⣻⣿⠋⣟⡿⢻⣯⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⡟⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢛⢿⡻⡻⡟⣿⠟⣿⢻⢻⡟⡟⣿⣟⣿⡛⢛⣿⣿⡿⢛⣿⣻⢿⢿⣛⣿⡛⣻⠿⣻⡛⣿⣿⢿⣟⠟⣻⡟⠻⣻⢻⣻⣿⡟⣿⢻⣻⣿⣿⡿⢻⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣼⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣷⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣭⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣹⣻⣿⣿⢹⣹⣃⣏⣿⣿⣿⣺⣊⣿⣭⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣷⣿⣏⣿⣯⣏⣷⣹⣾⣏⢹⣿⣿⣏⣿⣹⣯⣹⣿⣋⣹⣹⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣿⣤⣮⣯⣦⣿⣼⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡁⠒⠀⠂⡄⢀⠖⠀⠒⢀⠰⠀⠸⠀⠀⠠⠀⠒⠇⠀⡔⠰⠆⠀⢒⢄⠰⠀⠐⠂⠀⠸⡀⡰⠄⠠⠀⠆⠠⠐⠤⠠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠨⠠⠇⠁⠉⠂⠨⠅⠨⠒⠄⠅⠁⠅⠀⠘⠁⠄⠘⠠⠰⠆⠀⠁⠠⠾⠅⠅⠢⠨⠀⠈⠁⠐⠀⠠⠐⠮⠨⠅⠄⠑⠁⠑⠁⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠃⠀⠐⠂⠀⠓⠀⠐⠂⠁⠃⠀⠃⠋⠀⠒⠀⠀⠒⠀⠛⠁⠐⠁⠚⠀⠀⠓⠀⠘⠉⠀⠘⠃⠀⠃⠐⠃⠀⠘⠃⠀⠃⠀⠂⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⢠⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⡀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡄⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⣀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡄⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠁⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⣀⠀⢠⢀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠀⠈⠈⠀⠈⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣶⣿⣶⢻⣿⣿⣿⡯⡯⠟⡟⣿⠻⣟⢿⡏⢻⠻⣿⢹⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠆⠠⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡺⠿⣈⠶⡁⣶⢹⡿⠶⣉⠶⣡⢏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢳⢣⣿⢸⢸⣿⢰⣾⠺⢸⡹⣌⠶⣽⣟⠶⢹⣷⣾⣏⠶⡅⡇⠗⣿⡇⡇⣾⡇⠶⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠟⠹⡍⡇⡇⣯⣿⡇⡇⣭⡏⣏⡯⣿⢫⡏⣯⡟⢫⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1143 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_7/7/2021:_SteamVR_1.18_and_GNOME_40_in_Ubuntu_21.10⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:14 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_for_Starters:_Your_Guide_to_Linux_–_Open_Source Replacements_for_Proprietary_Windows_Desktop_Software_–_Part 8⠀⇛ This is a series that offers a gentle introduction to Linux for newcomers. In the previous article in this series we showed how easy it is to install software in Linux. You’ve decided to try Linux but need to make sure your software requirements are met. Let’s consider popular Windows proprietary software. In this article we recommend great open source replacements that run under Linux. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Full_Circle_Magazine:_Full_Circle_Weekly_News_#217⠀⇛ Linux 5.13 kernel release: https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/6/27/202 LTSM proposed: https://github.com/AndreyBarmaley/linux-terminal- service-manager Release of Mixxx 2.3, the free music mixing app: http://mixxx.org/ Ubuntu is moving away from dark headers and light backgrounds: https://github.com/ubuntu/yaru/pull/2922 Ultimaker Cura 4.10 released: https://ultimaker.com/learn/an-improved- engineering-workflow-with-ultimaker-cura-4-10 Pop!_OS 21.04 distribution offers new COSMIC desktop: https://system76.com/pop SeaMonkey 2.53.8 Integrated Internet Application Suite Released: https://www.seamonkey-project.org/news#2021-06-30 Suricata Intrusion Detection System Update: https://suricata.io/2021/06/30/new-suricata-6-0-3- and-5-0-7-releases/ AlmaLinux includes support for ARM64: https://wiki.almalinux.org/release-notes/8.4- arm.html Qutebrowser 2.3 released: https://lists.schokokeks.org/pipermail/qutebrowser- announce/2021-June/000104.html Tux Paint 0.9.26 is released: http://www.tuxpaint.org/latest/tuxpaint-0.9.26- press-release.php Jim Whitehurst, head of Red Hat, steps down as president of IBM: https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/IBM # ⚓ mintCast_364.5_–_Dynamic_Audio⠀⇛ In our Innards section, we talk travelling studios And finally, the feedback and a couple things to check out # ⚓ Misdirected_Request_|_Coder_Radio_421⠀⇛ Has Google already started its decline? Our surprising take. Plus the trouble with Co-Pilot, and a lot more. # ⚓ I_didn’t_know_GNOME_could_POP_like_this!_(Pop!_OS_21.04)⠀⇛ o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_5.13.1⠀⇛ I'm announcing the release of the 5.13.1 kernel. All users of the 5.13 kernel series must upgrade. The updated 5.13.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ stable/linux-stable.git linux-5.13.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/ linux-s... Thanks, Sasha # ⚓ Linux_5.12.15⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_5.10.48⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_5.4.130⠀⇛ # ⚓ Intel_Sapphire_Rapids_To_Have_Experimental_“RAR”_Feature⠀⇛ Adding to the lengthy list of features for Intel’s next-gen Xeon “Sapphire Rapids” processors next year is an admittedly experimental feature called RAR, or Remote Action Requests. Intel has publicly disclosed RAR this month in a new whitepaper as an experimental feature that will be found on Sapphire Rapids processors but not guaranteed for other future CPUs, depending upon feedback and usage from this model-specific feature with Sapphire Rapids it may be revised or even just eliminated in future processors. # ⚓ Arm_Proposes_ASF_As_Their_Framework_Building_Off_Linux’s CPUFreq_+_CPUIdle_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Arm engineers are working on the Active Stats Framework (ASF) that is a new kernel framework for Linux effectively combining the current roles of CPUFreq and CPUIdle. Active Stats Framework is responsible for dealing with statistics around CPU performance and the time residency spent at each performance state and tracking of all frequency transitions on a per-core basis. # ⚓ Linux_5.14_Bringing_A_Major_Cleanup_To_The_x86_FPU_Code_– Phoronix⠀⇛ The Linux 5.14 kernel so far is running smoothly in my early tests across a variety of systems but coming in this morning is a pull request having the potential to cause some fall-out on x86/x86_64 systems but hopefully will not. Thomas Gleixner this morning submitted a pull request with various changes around the kernel’s FPU handling code for x86/x86_64. The work includes preventing the signaltstack from having out-of- bounds writes that could silently corrupt user- space data but more pressing is a major cleanup of the x86 FPU code. # § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ Mesa_21.2_Lands_NVIDIA’s_Code_For_Handling_Alternate GBM_Backends_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Earlier this year was the proposed NVIDIA code from NVIDIA for allowing Mesa’s GBM to support alternative back-ends. This support is notable given that most Wayland compositors are catering to using Mesa’s Generic Buffer Manager (GBM) rather than EGLStreams or other options for buffer management. That support code has now been merged into Mesa 21.2. This code that was merged on Tuesday allow for GBM alternative back-end discovery and loading rather than just the built-in DRI back-end used by the open-source drivers. o § Benchmarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Open_source_tools_and_tips_for_improving_your_Linux_PC’s performance⠀⇛ This is the third in a series of articles that explain how to improve your Linux personal computer’s performance. My first article described how to unleash performance by identifying and resolving bottlenecks. My second article showed how to improve performance by upgrading your PC’s hardware. This article completes the series by presenting software performance tips. It also explores ways to improve performance by changing how you use your computer. Some of these behavioral changes may be obvious to many Opensource.com readers, but they might not be to the end users you support. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Audio_editor_Audacity_denies_spyware_accusation⠀⇛ Audio-edit software Audacity has denied accusations its new privacy policy has transformed it into “possible spyware”. The open-source free tool, with 100 million users worldwide, is popular with podcast and music editors. Its updated policy says data can be shared with its Russia-based infrastructure company, WSM, as well as regional law enforcement. Audacity says the only data it exchanges with its users is software updates and error reports. But since the updated policy was published last week, there have been angry calls from concerned users to uninstall the product or revert to an older version. And technology website Fosspost described the most recent version as “possible spyware”. “One would not expect an offline desktop application to be collecting such data, phoning home and then handing that data to governments around the world whenever they see fit,” it wrote. # ⚓ Audacity_users_stick_the_knife_–_and_fork_–_in_to_strip audio_editor_of_unwanted_features⠀⇛ Contributors disgruntled with the recent direction of cross-platform FOSS audio software Audacity are forking the sound editor to a version that does not have the features or requirements that have upset some in the community. One such project can be found on GitHub, with user “cookiengineer” proclaiming themselves “evil benevolent temporary dictator” in order to get the ball rolling. # ⚓ Top_6_Screenshot_Tools_for_Ubuntu_/_Linux_Mint_/_Debian⠀⇛ Screenshots come in handy especially when you want to illustrate or demonstrate something to a colleague or a friend or student. A screenshot directs the attention of the recipient to the object(s) being illustrated. Most Linux distributions, including Ubuntu, come with their default screenshot tools. However, they only provide basic functionality and nothing more to write home about. In this guide, we highlight some of the feature- rich screenshot tools available for Ubuntu, Linux Mint and Debian that you can leverage to capture and perform additional editing on your screenshots. These are all free and opensource. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Help_command⠀⇛ Use the help command to display help about built-in Bash commands. A shell builtin is nothing but a command or a function, called from a shell, that is executed directly in the shell itself. No external command loaded from $PATH settings. # ⚓ .bash_logout⠀⇛ The .bash_logout file is the individual login shell cleanup file. It is executed when a login shell exits. This file exists in the user’s home directory. For example, $HOME/.bash_logout. This file is useful if you want to run task or another script or command automatically at logout. For example, clear the mysql command line history stored in ~/.mysql_history or to make a backup of files you can use this file. # ⚓ How_to_convert_man_page_to_HTML_on_Linux_and_Unix⠀⇛ e can easily convert all Linux man pages to HTML, text, or pdf format. To display online manual documentation pages in terminal on Linux, macOS, *BSD, and Unix-like systems, we use the man command. However, some man pages are long and might be hard to search when using less or most as a pager. Hence, we can convert them to HTML format and skimmed them in a web browser such as Firefox. # ⚓ How_to_Restrict_SSH_Access_to_Certain_Users_in_Linux⠀⇛ OpenSSH (Secure Shell) is a standard connectivity program for logging into a remote machine using the SSH protocol for executing commands on the remote machine. It encrypts all network traffic between client and server to eradicate eavesdropping, connection hijacking, and other attacks. # ⚓ How_to_Manage_NodeJS_Versions_with_n_in_Ubuntu_20.04⠀⇛ If you are a Node.js developer who frequently switches between various applications and projects. Then you may need to find a tool that allows you to toggle between Node.js versions. In Linux, there are numerous utilities for managing several Node.js versions. Among these, the n Node version manager is a simple and useful tool for managing Node.js versions. In this tutorial, we’ll show you how to use n to manage Node.js versions on Ubuntu 20.04. # ⚓ Generate_passwords_on_the_Linux_command_line⠀⇛ Most websites and applications ask users to create accounts with secure passwords so that they can provide tailored user experiences. While this tips the odds in favor of website developers, it certainly doesn’t make life easier for users. # ⚓ Identify_network_issues_with_SS_command_in_Linux_(with examples)_–_LinuxTechLab⠀⇛ SS command in Linux is used to get various network/ socket connection-related information from a Linux system. Previously we had used the Netstat command to perform the same operations but it has been long deprecated & was replaced with the ss command in Linux. # ⚓ How_to_Secure_your_Ubuntu_server_with_CSF_Firewall_– Cloudbooklet⠀⇛ Install and configure CSF (Config Server Firewall) and secure your server. CSF is a popular security tool for Linux to secure the server with stateful packet inspection firewall (SPI), intrusion detection, a login failure daemon, DDOS protection, and control panel integration. In this guide you are going to learn how to install and setup CSF and also the essential commands to use the firewall on Ubuntu 20.04. # ⚓ Install_Mongodb_Compass_GUI_in_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_Linux_– Linux_Shout⠀⇛ MongoDB is a No-SQL database but without any graphical user interface, hence to make things the developers of the Database also provides MongoDB Common, here we know how to install MongoDB compass in Ubuntu 20.04 Linux. The key difference to MySQL is that MongoDB is document-oriented. Document-based databases are designed for a schema-free structure. With MongoDB, there is no fixed table schema and therefore, for example, no mandatory relation tables and joins, which are becoming more and more complex with the further development and expansion of the database. Instead, relations can either be saved directly in the data record or, if necessary, created individually when querying the data. Whereas, MongoDB Compass is a GUI tool for MongoDB that helps the users to Create, Read, Update and Delete databases/data graphically. This means no need to run the Mongo commands line for every task. Compass quickly gives a picture of your schema and determines the frequency, types, and range of values ​​of various fields in your data records. It also gives you full control over index creation, document validation, and much more. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Resident_Evil_3_|_Ubuntu_20.04_|_Steam_Play⠀⇛ Resident Evil 3 running through Steam Play on Linux. As mentioned, it just works! # ⚓ Heroes_of_Might_and_Magic_II_reimplementation_sees_a_big_AI improvement⠀⇛ fheroes2 is ensuring that the classic Heroes of Might and Magic II can never die, and with the latest version out now it’s more interesting to play than ever before. Version 0.9.5 greatly improves the AI behaviour on the world map to include object interaction, task planning and object value calculations along with fixing up multiple World Map problems. There’s also now a Monster Description for every creature with special abilities, continuous scrolling of scrollbars and a further 70 bugs were marked as fixed since the previous release. # ⚓ Humble_Choice_for_July_is_up_with_a_fresh_set_of_games_to pick_from⠀⇛ Humble Choice (formerly Humble Monthly) is the subscription service from Humble Bundle where each month they give you a fresh set of a games to redeem. The amount of games you get to keep depends on what tier you pay for. Their Lite plan gives you access to the Humble Trove, which is quite a decent selection of DRM-free games you can access any time and 10% off in the Humble Store. # ⚓ SteamVR_1.18_is_out_supporting_async-reprojection_with NVIDIA_on_Linux⠀⇛ After another while testing Beta versions, the latest SteamVR upgrade is out now although it’s quite a small one with mostly minor improvements overall. Most of the changes don’t apply to Linux, as it’s tweaking devices that don’t support Linux like Oculus and Windows Mixed Reality. However, there’s still some goodies for Linux included. The big one is the inclusion of async-reprojection now for NVIDIA users, which is providing you have installed at least the NVIDIA 470.42.01 driver which is the first to have it. Hopefully this will end up giving NVIDIA VR users on Linux a better experience. # ⚓ Fun_free_party_game_Hammer_Dongers_gets_a_visual_upgrade⠀⇛ In the free game Hammer Dongers up to four players run around small arenas attempting to take each other down, with the hook here that your hammers destroy the terrain around you. A lot of fun actually and its seeing an increasing amount of polish as the developers continue expanding it. A fresh update is out for the game now which (amongst other things), gives it a nice visual bump with dynamic lighting thanks to new bits included in the Unity game engine and the difference it makes is impressive. # ⚓ Beyond_Sunset_looks_like_a_dreamy_synthpunk_retro_sci-fi FPS_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Need more retro-looking FPS goodness? Beyond Sunset is a recent discovery and it sure does look good. The developer says to expect a blending of first- person action with RPG elements, all wrapped in the style “of classic DOS games”. They’re not saying it’s cyberpunk either like a lot do, they say it’s more synthpunk with it being backed up by an original soundtrack by synthwave legend Karl Vincent. # ⚓ Astro_Colony_is_an_upcoming_space_sci-fi_exploration_and automation_game_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Taking inspiration from the likes of Factorio and Space Engineers, the upcoming Astro Colony will see you explore an endless voxel universe to gather resources and create an automated colony. With the idea that you explore the galaxy to find precious materials, which you will then use to keep building up a big home-base factory. The world is voxel based and fully destructible too. So the loop would be to explore, mine, build and then explore some more while creating some fun looking machinery. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ GNOME_40_Lands_in_Ubuntu_21.10_Daily,_This_is_What_it Looks_Like⠀⇛ A few folk were worried Ubuntu might not ship GNOME 40 at all in its upcoming release, but today’s batch of impish-proposed updates allay those fears completely. GNOME 40 itself has been covered extensively on this blog (and plenty of others). So if you’re not familiar with it I do wonder where you’ve been! The key thing to know is that GNOME 40 introduces a new layout. The first time you login to Ubuntu 21.10 you’re greeted by this screen… o § Distributions⠀➾ # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ IRC_and_Matrix_announcements⠀⇛ The openSUSE Project has used IRC for real- time chat within the community since it began. And the IRC network used was Freenode, until now. Due to a variety of recent changes to that network, the openSUSE Project is moving our IRC communications to Libera.Chat. If you are a current IRC user, register your nick(s) on Libera.Chat and rejoin the #opensuse related channels you previously joined on Freenode. Please take this opportunity to choose a new secure password and make sure you are connecting via SSL. Libera.Chat offers documentation on choosing an IRC client. Many openSUSE channels have moved over and are already on Libera.Chat. However, less- used channels have not been automatically setup. If you need a specific #opensuse-* IRC channel setup, please file a ticket requesting the channel. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_build_a_blockbuster_internal_IT_talent program:_8_tips_|_The_Enterprisers_Project⠀⇛ Unemployment levels among IT occupations continue to be low. “There has never been a better time to be in the information technology field,” says Dan Roberts, CEO of Ouellette & Associates and author of Confessions of a Successful CIO, for those who are well-qualified. “Many are predicting attrition of 25 percent as we come out of the pandemic – a talent migration we’ve not seen before.” As the 2020 Harvey Nash/KPMG CIO Survey pointed out, IT skills shortages were close to an all-time high prior to COVID-19, and they have remained high. There is also the threat of a looming turnover tsunami in IT. “Many are predicting attrition of 25 percent as we come out of the pandemic – a talent migration we’ve not seen before,” Roberts says. “One of the best tools that a CIO has at their disposal to better engage and retain their talent is to invest into their development.” # ⚓ Getting_started_with_Red_Hat_OpenShift_Streams_for Apache_Kafka_|_Red_Hat_Developer⠀⇛ Red Hat OpenShift Streams for Apache Kafka is Red Hat’s fully hosted and managed Apache Kafka service. It targets development teams that want to incorporate streaming data and scalable messaging in their applications without the burden of setting up and maintaining a Kafka cluster infrastructure. Announced at Red Summit in April 2021, OpenShift Streams for Apache Kafka is in Development Preview mode today. As part of the Development Preview program, you can provision a Kafka cluster free of charge. This instance will remain available for 48 hours. In this article we’ll show you two ways to provision an OpenShift Streams for Apache Kafka instance: using the UI on cloud.redhat.com, and using the Red Hat OpenShift Application Services command-line interface (CLI). # ⚓ What’s_new_in_RHEL_Container_Tools?⠀⇛ The update of Container Tools in RHEL 8.4 brings a lot of great new features. In this post we’ll look at major new features and additions to Podman, UBI, automatic image updates and much more. This is a major update since RHEL 8.3 (Updates to Container Tools in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.3) and if you have been looking to move from Docker on RHEL 7 to Podman on RHEL 8, this is a great time to look at doing an upgrade. # ⚓ Deploy_.NET_applications_on_Red_Hat_OpenShift_using Helm [Ed: Red Hat helping Microsoft again]⠀⇛ Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes. It provides an easy way to deploy a set of resources on a Kubernetes or Red Hat OpenShift clusters. This article starts with a quick introduction to Helm. Then we’ll use it to deploy a .NET application. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ 15.6-inch_Panel_PC_supports_Intel_Comet_Lake_socketed processors_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ AAEON OMNI-2155-CML is an industrial touch panel PC with a 15.6-inch display, and a choice of 10th generation Intel Core and Celeron Comet Lake processors, as well as various I/O features. The system comes with two SO-DIMM sockets for up to 64GB DDR4 RAM, M.2 and SATA storage, dual Gigabit Ethernet, two serial ports, four USB 3.2 ports, and support for a wide input voltage range. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ This_Nixie_tube_clock_keeps_the_time_and_the_cost down_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛ Nixie tubes are a great throwback to an era before the advent of LED and LCD screens; however, they often require expensive components or complex programming to operate. This challenge is what inspired Doug Domke to come up with his own solution that only costs $110. His design incorporates the Arduino MKR WiFi 1010, which has a powerful processor, ample amounts of storage, and WiFi connectivity along with a real-time clock. [...] After using the network time protocol (NTP) via the RTCZero library to set the time with incredible precision, Domke went about testing his project. As can be seen from his video below, the Nixie tube clock works great within its custom enclosure, and it will be exciting to see what new features will be added in the future. To read more about how this device was created, check out Domke’s write-up here. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Android_12_has_me_more_excited_for_the_Pixel_Fold than_the_Galaxy_Z_Fold_3_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ See_if_Your_Xiaomi,_Poco_and_Redmi_Smartphone_Will Get_Android_12_–_Dignited⠀⇛ # ⚓ OnePlus_6_&_6T_Android_11_update:_Here’s_what_we_know –_PiunikaWeb⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_record_a_call_on_Android_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Connect_Your_Android_Phone_to_Your_TV⠀⇛ # ⚓ Snapchat_Dark_mode_for_Android_phones:_Here’s_how_to get_the_feature⠀⇛ # ⚓ iMobie’s_DroidKit:_How_to_retrieve_lost_files_from Android_without_root_–_TechStory⠀⇛ # ⚓ [Updated]_Want_to_disable_Tab_Groups_in_Chrome_on Android?_Here’s_how⠀⇛ # ⚓ Your_Guide_to_Android’s_Upgrade_Process_–_Tech Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ Nokia_G20_review:_Big_battery,_low-price_Android_| Scoop_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Geekbench_removes_the_OnePlus_9_Pro_from_its_Android benchmarks_chart_after_app-throttling_scandal⠀⇛ # ⚓ 170_Android_Apps_Have_Been_Involved_In_Crypto_Mining Scams⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_5_Best_Android_Apps_to_Help_You_Lucid_Dream⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_to_end_app_support_for_its_first_Android smartwatch,_eight_years_later_–_Android_Authority⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_rolls_out_July_2021_Android_security_patch_to Galaxy_Note_20_and_Galaxy_Note_20_Ultra_–_Times_of India⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung’s_last_Android_Wear_smartwatch_will_be_unable to_download_apps_from_next_month_–_NotebookCheck.net News⠀⇛ # ⚓ These_Android_apps_have_have_been_stealing_your Facebook_password_|_Trusted_Reviews⠀⇛ # ⚓ These_Android_apps_with_5.8_million_downloads_can steal_your_Facebook_password_—_what_to_do_|_Tom’s Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Bridge_Constructor Portal…_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_Augmented_Reality_Games_for_Android_for_2021⠀⇛ # ⚓ Top_10_Best_Homework_Help_Android_Apps_–_2021⠀⇛ # ⚓ 5_Distinct_Advantages_Of_Bitcoin_Gambling_On Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ Telegram_published_48_contest_Android_apps_to_help you_create_stickers⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Use_FaceTime_on_Android_in_2021_[Guide]_| Beebom⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_play_Xbox_games_on_Android_–_Phandroid⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Find_Hidden_Spy_Apps_on_Android_–_TechStory⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_clear_Android_cache_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_change_emoji_on_Android,_with_or_without_root access⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Chrome_gets_colorful_—_thanks_to_Android_12 ‘Material_You’_redesign_|_T3⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_11_now_hitting_Galaxy_A20s_as_Samsung prepares_for_Android_12_–_SamMobile⠀⇛ # ⚓ Xiaomi,_Redmi_and_POCO_phones_that_will_be_updated_to Android_12_(July_2021)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Maps_Insight_Tool_on_Android_Shows_Users’ Month-by-Month_Travelling_History_|_Technology_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Chrome_OS_Phone_Hub_will_improve_Android_battery_life –_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ OnePlus_flagships_to_receive_three_major_Android_OS updates_|_T3⠀⇛ # ⚓ Agile_Content_acquires_Portuguese_Android_specialist WeTek_–_Digital_TV_Europe⠀⇛ # ⚓ OnePlus_is_upgrading_its_Android_software_update lifecycle_—_OxygenOS_to_blend_with_Oppo’s_ColorOS_| Laptop_Mag⠀⇛ # ⚓ Panasonic_unveils_new_Android_TVs_series_in_India_ ⠀⇛ # ⚓ Timely_Android_upgrades_are_even_more_critical_today –_here’s_why_–_SlashGear⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Nextcloud_Hub_22_Makes_It_Easy_to_Collaborate_and_Manage Groups⠀⇛ Nextcloud is one of the best open-source remote working tools available. With every new release, it is just keeps getting better. The latest Nextcloud Hub 22 release introduces significant improvements to the workflow and a new app that should make it easier to collaborate and efficiently manage groups. [...] Collectives app comes to the rescue with Nextcloud 22 that lets you create pages/subpages to structure knowledge and cross-document links to interlink information. You can manage access to the information using user-defined groups, which is also a new feature introduced with this release. # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Chromium⠀➾ # ⚓ Google’s_unfair_performance_advantage_in Chrome⠀⇛ Google Chrome for Android has a feature that gives Google Search an unfair advantage over its competition. Sure, it’s the default search engine and that’s a huge hurdle to overcome for any competitor. However, Chrome also reserves a performance-boosting feature for Google Search exclusively. I recently poked around in the Chromium project source code; the open-source foundation for Google’s Chrome web browser. The Chromium project is co- developed by Google, and other corporate and individual contributors. The project is managed and controlled by Google, however. I was looking for something else when I stumbled upon a feature called PreconnectToSearch. When enabled, the feature preemptively opens and maintains a connection to the default search engine. # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Tor_Browser_10.5_Adds_Wayland_Support,_Further Improves_the_UX_for_Censored_Users⠀⇛ Tor Browser 10.5 is a major update and it’s all about improving the experience for users living in countries where their ISPs censor the Internet. It helps censored users seamlessly access the open Internet by simplifying the connection flow, detecting censorship, and providing bridges. Starting with this release, Snowflake, the system that defeats Internet censorship, is now available as a bridge. What this means for censored users is that they can now use Snowflake as a pluggable transport, relying on proxies run by volunteers to connect to the open Internet. # ⚓ New_Release:_Tor_Browser_10.5⠀⇛ Tor Browser 10.5 is now available from the Tor Browser download page and also from our distribution directory. This new Tor Browser release is focused on improving the internet access of users connecting through Tor in censored contexts. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Ruby_3.0.2_Released⠀⇛ This release includes security fixes. Please check the topics below for details. # ⚓ Ruby_2.7.4_Released⠀⇛ # ⚓ Ruby_2.6.8_Released⠀⇛ # ⚓ CVE-2021-31810:_Trusting_FTP_PASV_responses vulnerability_in_Net::FTP⠀⇛ A trusting FTP PASV responses vulnerability was discovered in Net::FTP. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2021-31810. We strongly recommend upgrading Ruby. net-ftp is a default gem in Ruby 3.0.1 but it has a packaging issue, so please upgrade Ruby itself. # ⚓ CVE-2021-32066:_A_StartTLS_stripping_vulnerability_in Net::IMAP⠀⇛ A StartTLS stripping vulnerability was discovered in Net::FTP. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE- 2021-32066. We strongly recommend upgrading Ruby. net-imap is a default gem in Ruby 3.0.1 but it has a packaging issue, so please upgrade Ruby itself. # ⚓ Managing_the_API_life_cycle_in_an_event-driven architecture:_A_practical_approach_|_Red_Hat Developer⠀⇛ In the Apache Kafka world, it is not always easy to unify all the bits and bolts of message compatibility across multiple microservices. Proper API versioning and ensuring compatibility between different versions helps, but the full picture needs to incorporate the application life cycle from development to production. This article introduces an API-driven, contract-first approach to managing the application life cycle. We’ll use Red Hat’s supported version of Apicurio Service Registry as a centralized registry, which we’ll integrate with version-controlled API schema definitions for Apache Kafka consumers and producers in a multi-staging environment. # ⚓ Qt_Multimedia_in_Qt_6⠀⇛ The first beta of Qt 6.2 has just been released and features amongst multiple other new Add-ons a brand new Qt Multimedia module. # § Java⠀➾ # ⚓ Parsing_config_files_with_Java_| Opensource.com⠀⇛ When you write an application, you often want users to be able to configure how they interact with it and how it interacts with their system. These are commonly called “preferences” or “settings,” and they’re stored in “preference files” or “configuration files,” or just “configs.” There are many different formats for config files, including INI, JSON, YAML, and XML, and every language parses these languages differently. This article discusses some of the ways you can implement persistent settings when you’re writing software in the Java programming language. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Mind-Stretching_Summertime_Book_Recommendations⠀⇛ 2. To Be A Water Protector: The Rise of the Wiindigoo Slayers by Winona LaDuke. To readers who take water for granted, read LaDuke, indigenous leader, farmer, advocate, and inimitable storyteller about natives who, beset by ruthless extractive corporations, can’t take water for granted. Learn about water protectors in action by the few and for the many. 3. When Reagan Sent in the Marines by Patrick J. Sloyan. A Sloyan classic of on the ground reporting in Lebanon, with broader contexts, and a historical contribution in understanding what happened, why, and the consequences. Certainly a required reading by those in the State Department, the Pentagon, Congress, and peace advocates everywhere. o ⚓ Situation_on_Second⠀⇛ It’s annoying to walk along Essex, yes But it’s worse on Delancey So which do you fancy And how can you know it before you go blow it Apologies Ethan If ever this happens again Instead I’ll hail a cab (How could I know it’d be so bad After all we’ve been told) And ride with you to Bellevue At least I got those medics And told them what you’d said About your meds, and your legs, And your seizures As two cops approached The scene That woman, cradling your head, You weeping That other guy And the two paramedics At four o’  clock in the afternoon Right there on Second Avenue How could they shoot you? I thought Before slipping off to the dentist Knowing, of course, That they could ⚓ Gayatri_Spivak:_‘The_Subaltern_Speaks_Through_Dying’⠀⇛ Since the mid-1980s, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak has split much of her working time between Columbia University—where she holds the post of University Professor in the Humanities—and a cluster of villages in the Indian state of West Bengal. There, about a day’s travel by train and motorbike from Kolkata, she runs four elementary schools where teachers of primary school children, whose standard mode of instruction has traditionally been rote learning and memorization, develop critical thinking abilities. § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ * ⚓ Doctor:_“Voting_Rights_Are_Health_Care_Rights”⠀⇛ Republican lawmakers in 43 states have introduced proposals that will severely limit Americans’ ability to vote, both in person and by mail. And yesterday’s Supreme Court ruling on Arizona’s voting rules opened the door for states to impose even more restrictions on voting. As a result, our most vulnerable neighbors—primarily low-income and people of color—will not be able to freely and fully exercise their constitutional right to vote. * ⚓ Keep_the_Mask_On⠀⇛ For a long time mask shaming has been going around. If you wear a mask, you are seen as weak and feminine. But now mask shaming is being taken up not only by conservatives, but by liberals. There are now two ways in which you can be shamed for not wearing a mask. The first is the old fashioned fascist way. The second is the way in which taking off the mask is now seen as a sign of cleanliness. It is the new way for the rich to distinguish themselves from the poor. * ⚓ Water_Protectors_Protesting_at_Willow_River_Warn_Line_3_‘Is_a Catastrophic_Threat’⠀⇛ The Indigenous-led fight against Line 3 continued Tuesday as water protectors descended on the area of Willow River where Canadian energy giant Enbridge is working to install a “climate-wrecking” tar sands pipeline to replace one that was built in the 1960s. Water protectors attached themselves to drilling equipment and built blockades on access roads in an effort to halt construction in Minnesota on Tuesday, according to a statement from organizers. * ⚓ Maryland_Says_100%_of_Residents_Who_Died_of_Covid_in_June_Were Unvaccinated⠀⇛ A spokesperson for Maryland’s governor said Tuesday that 100% of the state’s residents who died of Covid-19 last month were not vaccinated, a figure seen as the latest testament to the effectiveness of the shots in preventing fatal illness and further evidence of the need to ensure widespread distribution. “It’s really sad and tragic that most all of these are avoidable and preventable.”—Dr. Anthony Fauci * ⚓ ‘Vaccine_Equity_Is_Urgent,’_Say_Experts_as_Delta_Variant_Ravages_Poor Nations⠀⇛ The rapid global spread of the so-called Delta variant—a highly contagious strain of Covid-19 now present in nearly 100 countries—has public health experts and advocates demanding immediate international action to distribute vaccines to unprotected populations amid growing concerns that the deadly virus is mutating more quickly than nations can administer shots. “Our volunteers are working alongside health authorities to accelerate vaccinations, but a crippling shortage in supply is hurting progress.”—Feroz Salah Uddin, Bangladesh Red Crescent Society § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ * § Proprietary⠀➾ o ⚓ Why_Is_Microsoft_Suspending_SQL_Server_And_Recommending_Linux Server_In_Containers_Beta_Program?_–_Research_Blaze [Ed: This isn't really a "Linux" version but Microsoft in 'Linux' clothing]⠀⇛ o ⚓ Microsoft_discontinues_SQL_Server_on_Windows_Containers_– MSPoweruser⠀⇛ o ⚓ Pentagon_Cancels_Microsoft’s_$10_Billion_JEDI_Contract⠀⇛ The US Department of Defense said today that it was canceling Microsoft’s award of the Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure (JEDI) contract, which was valued at $10 billion over five years. It will now undergo a new procurement process. “With the shifting technology environment, it has become clear that the JEDI cloud contract, which has long been delayed, no longer meets the requirements to fill the DoD’s capability gaps,” a Defense Department statement explains. “The project, known as the Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure and intended as a sole-source contract, had been fiercely disputed from the start.” o § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_Launches_Open_3D_Foundation, Let_the_Game_Begin [Ed: Windows only... from 'Linux' Foundation. After it received money from Microsoft. It defected on many fronts and it abuses the brand now.]⠀⇛ The Linux Foundation announced an intent to form the Open 3D Foundation to accelerate developer collaboration on 3D games and simulation technology. This days 3D engines are used to create a range of virtual experiences, including games and simulations, by providing capabilities such as 3D rendering, content authoring tools, animation, physics systems, and asset processing. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Microsoft_issues_emergency_Windows_patch_to_fix_critical ‘PrintNightmare’_vulnerability[Ed: Though not before telling NSA how to exploit it]⠀⇛ Microsoft has started rolling out an emergency Windows patch to address a critical flaw in the Windows Print Spooler service. The vulnerability, dubbed PrintNightmare, was revealed last week, after security researchers accidentally published proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code. Microsoft has issued out-of-band security updates to address the flaw, and has rated it as critical as attackers can remotely execute code with system-level privileges on affected machines. As the Print Spooler service runs by default on Windows, Microsoft has had to issue patches for Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows 8.1, Windows RT 8.1, and a variety of supported versions of Windows 10. Microsoft has even taken the unusual step of issuing patches for Windows 7, which officially went out of support last year. Microsoft has not yet issued patches for Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2016, and Windows 10 Version 1607, though. Microsoft says “security updates for these versions of Windows will be released soon.” # ⚓ Emergency_OOB_Update_Is_Out_to_Fix_PrintNightmare_Windows Bug⠀⇛ Microsoft acknowledged a remote code execution vulnerability that affects Windows Print Spooler last week. Tracked as CVE-2021-34527, the PrintNightmare zero-day impacts all versions of Windows 10 along with older Windows operating systems, pushing the company to deliver an out-of- band update to fix this security issue. Windows update KB5004945 is now available for all the supported versions, including version 21H1, version 20H1, v2004, v1909, v1809, v1803, v1507. This fix is also available for older operating systems, including Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, Windows 7 SP1, Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, and Windows Server 2008 SP2. The company added that it will deliver updates for the “remaining affected supported versions of Windows” in the coming days. # ⚓ Tips_for_Managing_Encryption_Keys_|_IT_Pro⠀⇛ Strategies for managing encryption keys should address whether to leverage “bring your own key” services. # ⚓ Sophos_Acquires_Capsule8_to_Bring_Powerful_and_Lightweight Linux_Server_and_Cloud_Container_Security_to_its_Adaptive Cybersecurity_Ecosystem_(ACE)⠀⇛ # § Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt/Fear-mongering/Dramatisation⠀➾ # ⚓ REvil’s_Linux_Version_Targets_VMware_ESXi_Virtual Machines [Ed: How so very typical of Microsoft sites or Microsoft-connected_rags to lay the blame on “Linux” for issues in proprietary software of VMware (which Linux needs to reject for many reasons). This is not a “Linux” problem but a malware problem.]⠀⇛ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Federal_Watchdog_Finds_Lots_Of_Facial_Recognition_Use By_Gov’t_Agencies,_Very_Little_Internal_Oversight⠀⇛ Facial recognition tech remains controversial, given its tendency to produce false positives and send cops after the wrong people. Private companies offering even sketchier tech than what’s already in use (looking at you, Clearview) have made everything worse. § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ * ⚓ Leaving_Bagram⠀⇛ Over the years, the base, originally built by the Soviets in the 1950s and known to US personnel as Bagram Airfield, became a loud statement of occupation, able to hold up to 10,000 troops and sprawling across 30 square miles.  It was also replete with cholesterol hardening fast food restaurants (Pizza Hut, Burger King), jewellers, car dealerships and such amenities as swimming pools, spas and cinemas. Bagram also had room to accommodate the unfortunates captured in that anomalously worded “War on Terror”: detainees, many al- Qaeda suspects, faced torture in what came to be known as Afghanistan’s Guantanamo.  US forces relinquished control of the prison, now sporting the benign name of Parwan Detention Facility, to Afghan security forces in December 2014. Ill- treatment of prisoners continued. * ⚓ Nations_With_Nukes_Told_to_Agree_‘A_Nuclear_War_Cannot_Be_Won_and_Must Never_Be_Fought’⠀⇛ In the wake of key meetings last month featuring leaders of three nations with nuclear weapons, global leadership groups on Tuesday urged the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council to jointly affirm that “a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought.” “The permanent five members of the United Nations Security Council have a particular responsibility to reduce the risks of nuclear war and uphold international peace and security.”—Leadership groups * ⚓ We_Need_to_Build_Economies—Not_Walls—to_Stop_Migration⠀⇛ If you speak to farmers in El Salvador, many will tell you about the time they were driven to head north across Central America towards the US. The routes to the border are many, but the origins are so often the same: desperation and hope that better employment opportunities can be found elsewhere. * ⚓ 28_feared_dead_in_Russian_plane_crash_The_tragedy_in_Kamchatka_comes almost_a_decade_after_a_similar_incident_that_claimed_10_lives⠀⇛ On July 6, an Antonov An-26 passenger jet crashed in Russia’s Kamchatka territory. The plane’s communications cut out and it disappeared from radar while flying from Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky to the town of Palana. The plane left Elizovo Airport at 12:57 p.m., local time (8:57 p.m., the previous day, EDT), and should have landed in Palana, roughly two hours later. Flight control officials lost contact with the plane about 10 minutes before it was expected to land. The company that owns the plane says it disappeared about nine kilometers (about six miles) shy of Palana. The owners also say the aircraft, built in 1982, was in good condition. * ⚓ Gaza_Is_Still_Under_Attack—but_You_Wouldn’t_Know_It_From_the_Media⠀⇛ In mid-May, as the Israeli military pummeled the Gaza Strip with shattering force, a medical student in the southern city of Rafah sent a plea to a friend, who shared it with another friend, who shared it with The Nation. The students name was Noor Alshaer, and she was desperate to to speak up—“for our voices to be heard, for our story to be out,” as she wrote. * ⚓ Xinjiang_Denialists_Are_Only_Aiding_Imperialism⠀⇛ Opposing American empire should never justify supporting perpetrators of atrocities, and yet that’s exactly what some anti-imperialists are doing with their analysis of events in China’s Xinjiang region. These pundits claim that efforts to expose human rights abuses in Xinjiang are really aimed at generating consensus for a “new Cold War” against China. It is only the latest manifestation of American denialism, and instead of challenging US empire, it only helps to cover up US government complicity in the oppression of Uyghurs in Xinjiang. * ⚓ Haiti_Has_Been_Abandoned—by_the_Media,_the_US,_and_the_World⠀⇛ The last time I was in Haiti, in December 2019, there had been several kidnappings before I arrived—and there would be many, many more after I left—but my two-week visit was blessedly free of kidnappings, murder, etc. Back then you could imagine you were semi-safe driving at night—if you had a car full of male friends driving behind you, and another one in front of you. * ⚓ Warren_and_Khanna_Demand_Probe_Into_Undercounting_of_Civilians_Killed by_US_Military⠀⇛ Sen. Elizabeth Warren on Tuesday called on the U.S. Department of Defense to review “significant discrepancies in civilian casualty counts,” a month after the Pentagon released its annual report on civilian deaths and injuries as a result of U.S. operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Yemen, Nigeria, and Somalia.  The Massachusetts Democrat spoke out on social media days after joining Rep. Ro Khanna (D-Calif.) in writing (pdf) to Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin III regarding the annual report. * ⚓ For_Nuclear_Disarmament,_the_Long_Run_Is_Here⠀⇛ Twenty-five years ago this month, the International Court of Justice issued its Advisory Opinion on the Legality of the Threat and Use of Nuclear Weapons. In a closely divided ruling, the Court found that the threat or use of nuclear weapons would “generally be contrary to the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict, and in particular the principles and rules of humanitarian law.”  In the same divided ruling, however, the Court found that it could not “conclude definitively whether the threat or use of nuclear weapons would be lawful or unlawful in an extreme circumstance of self- defense, in which the very survival of a State would be at stake.” § Environment⠀➾ * ⚓ House_Democrats_Unite_in_Urging_Biden_to_Keep_Climate_Goals_in Infrastructure⠀⇛ * ⚓ ‘Nature_and_Physics_Are_Not_Entertained_nor_Distracted_by_Your Theater.…_The_Show_Is_Over’⠀⇛ The Nation, we believe, was the first US magazine to put Greta Thunberg on its cover. This was back in March 2019, shortly after the Swedish teenager delivered a scientifically impeccable tongue-lashing to global elites at their annual talk-fest in Davos. “I don’t want your hope,” she told them. “I want you to act as if the house is on fire. Because it is.” * § Energy⠀➾ o ⚓ Stop_the_Enbridge_Ecocide!⠀⇛ On the morning of Monday, June 28, without warning, Sheriff Cory Aukes of Hubbard County, Minn., began an armed blockade of the Namewag camp on Indigenous-owned private property south of Park Rapids, where Anishinaabe water protectors and allies resisting the Biden-approved, treaty-violating Enbridge Line 3 pipeline are based. In early June, thousands of resisters had converged on the Line 3 route nearby, and close to 200 were arrested engaging in nonviolent direct action to stop construction. More than 700 have been arrested in the resistance campaign thus far, with more arrests each week. * § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ o ⚓ Livestock_Abuse_of_the_Sonoran_National_Monument⠀⇛ On June 29, 2021, Advocates for the West filed suit against the Arizona office of the Bureau of Land Management for failing to protect the Sonoran Desert National Monument from the destruction of native plants, wildlife, and cultural resources by livestock. I have visited the Monument several times since it was first designated. It is located south and west of Phoenix, Arizona. Interstate 8 splits the Monument into a north and south half. The south half of the Monument has not been grazed by livestock for many years. The Sand Tank Mountains in the Monument’s southwest corner is part of the Barry Goldwater Bombing Range and has been cow- free for fifty years. (It seems that only the military can get rid of cows on public lands). o ⚓ Scientist_Says_BC_Heat_Wave_Caused_Over_1_Billion_Tidal_Creatures to_Cook_to_Death⠀⇛ It’s “a frightening warning sign,” said one observer. “Heartbreaking,” another commented. § Inequality⠀➾ * ⚓ Cheap_Fun:_Job_Growth_Under_Biden_and_Trump⠀⇛ So, here’s the latest, the economy has created more than 3 million jobs in the first five months of the Biden administration. It lost almost 2.9 million jobs in the four years of the Trump administration. Biden has now created more jobs than Trump lost. This first appeared on Dean Baker’s Beat the Press blog. * ⚓ Showdown_in_Connecticut:_Fighting_Inequality_in_One_of_the_Nation’s Most_Unequal_States⠀⇛ As the converging crises over the last year and a half have underscored, Connecticut has become a microcosm of the extreme racial and economic disparities in the United States. It consistently ranks as the wealthiest state here in the world’s wealthiest country. But it also ranks among the most unequal. On a mission to end this injustice and create a more equitable state, nearly 50 labor, community, and faith organizations have formed a statewide coalition named Recovery For All. The coalition aims to unite progressive forces and reshape how Connecticut approaches the state budget: rather than perpetuate failed austerity policies that exacerbated inequalities over the last few decades, the state must actively eliminate inequalities by making dramatic investments in working-class communities and working-class communities of color in particular. * ⚓ Sanders_Denounces_‘Morally_Obscene’_Wealth_as_Amazon_CEO_Jeff_Bezos Steps_Down⠀⇛ Sen. Bernie Sanders on Monday marked Amazon founder Jeff Bezos’s last day as CEO of the company by reiterating his call for a wealth tax and denouncing the fortune amassed by the world’s richest person as “morally obscene.” “Jeff Bezos makes some $2,537 every second of the day…nearly three times more in one second than the median worker in this country makes in an entire week,” said Sanders. * ⚓ ‘Program_Integrity’_Is_a_Cruel_Attack_on_Social_Security Beneficiaries⠀⇛ “Program integrity” is the sort of technical term that sounds good. Who wouldn’t want to run Social Security with integrity? But unfortunately, in the Alice-in-Wonderland world of Washington-speak, the phrase doesn’t mean what you think. * ⚓ Poor_People’s_Campaign_Announces_‘Season_of_Nonviolent_Direct_Action’ Targeting_US_Senate⠀⇛ The Poor People’s Campaign announced Monday that over the next several weeks, it will hold a series of nonviolent demonstrations aimed at pressuring members of the U.S. Senate to end the 60-vote filibuster, protect voting rights from the GOP’s nationwide suppression efforts, and approve a $15 federal minimum wage—progressive goals that Republicans and conservative Democrats have repeatedly thwarted in recent months. “We cannot declare the immoral reality that democracy is in peril and then not engage with the moral challenge of nonviolent direct action.”—Rev. William Barber II, Poor People’s Campaign * ⚓ A_Banking_App_Has_Been_Suddenly_Closing_Accounts,_Sometimes_Not Returning_Customers’_Money⠀⇛ The day after Jonathan Marrero’s federal stimulus payment landed in his bank account, he took his 5-year-old twins out for lunch at an Applebee’s near where he lives in New Jersey. When he went to pay, his only means of payment, a debit card issued by the hot financial technology startup Chime, was declined. He didn’t understand why. Marrero had checked his account earlier that day and saw a balance of nearly $10,000. With the Applebee’s server standing next to him, he quickly pulled out his phone to check his Chime app, just as he had hundreds of times since he signed up in January. § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ * ⚓ America’s_245th_Birthday_Includes_a_President_in_Exile⠀⇛ Trump set out to break the idea of viable elections. Without trustworthy elections, America as it was founded will stop existing. This Fourth of July we’re facing a strange President-in-exile situation that’s very dangerous.  How improbable that an individual so simplistic and crude should exert such pull from afar. * ⚓ Deported_Veterans_Initiative_Could_Fulfill_Biden_Promise_to_‘Bring_Them Back’⠀⇛ Veteran and immigrant rights advocates this week applauded a Biden administration initiative acknowledging the injustice of deporting noncitizens who served in the U.S. military and seeking to return them and their relatives to the United States. “We are committed to bringing back military service members, veterans, and their immediate family members who were unjustly removed, and ensuring they receive the benefits to which they may be entitled.”—Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas * ⚓ Joe’s_Mansion⠀⇛ * ⚓ ‘Democracy_Will_Be_on_the_Ballot’:_Analysis_Shows_1/3_of_GOP_Midterm Candidates_Embrace_Trump_Election_Lies⠀⇛ Underscoring the extent to which the increasingly anti- democratic GOP has embraced former President Donald Trump’s groundless and dangerous accusations of widespread voter fraud in last year’s presidential race, a new analysis by the Washington Post shows that hundreds of Republican candidates expected to compete in upcoming contests have endorsed Trump’s “big lie” that the 2020 election was stolen. “What’s really frightening right now is the extent of the effort to steal power over future elections.”—Colorado Secretary of State Jena Griswold * ⚓ Calls_for_Bolsonaro’s_Impeachment_Grow_Amid_Embezzlement_Allegations, Massive_Protests⠀⇛ Following massive nationwide weekend protests against Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro and his administration’s mishandling of the Covid-19 pandemic, bombshell reporting this week personally implicating the right-wing leader in yet another alleged corruption scheme has heightened calls for his impeachment. “The Bolsonaro family has always been corrupt, [it] embezzles funds via rachadinha as a hereditary political practice.”—Erika Hilton, São Paulo City Council § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ * ⚓ Ron_Johnson_Needs_to_Come_With_a_Warning_Label⠀⇛ Ron Johnson was back at it last week, spreading misinformation about Covid-19 vaccines. At a media event in Milwaukee, the senior senator from Wisconsin raised doubts about the safety of vaccines by misrepresenting data in order to suggest that the shots tens of millions of Americans have received are more dangerous than physicians are telling us. § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ * ⚓ The_UK_Government_is_Launching_a_Multi-Front_Attack_on_Freedom_of Expression_in_the_Name_of_National_Security⠀⇛ Unfortunately, the government has launched a carefully targeted multi-front offensive to hide its activities more effectively. Among measures being considered or already under way are a reformed Official Secrets Act that will conflate investigative journalism and whistleblowing with espionage. On another front, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) is being crippled by rejecting requests and under-resourcing. At an individual level, ministers and senior officials escape scrutiny by using encrypted messaging services that can make conversations disappear from the record. Hancock himself was apparently so concerned over the contents of his emails that he used a private email account. Any enquiry into the test and trace debacle or the mass deaths in care homes may find it difficult to discover with whom the former health secretary was in contact. § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ * ⚓ Law_Enforcement_Officer_Openly_Admits_He’s_Playing_Copyrighted_Music_To Prevent_Citizen’s_Recording_From_Being_Uploaded_To_YouTube⠀⇛ Law enforcement officers are no longer pretending they’re such big fans of recorded music they can’t help but start playing their favorite tracks while interacting with citizens who are recording them. * ⚓ Republican_Attacks_on_Voting_Rights_Are_Racist_and_Hostile_to Democracy⠀⇛ The Republican Party’s assault on constitutional democracy continues unabated. Over 20 restrictive voting laws have already been enacted this year (the Brennan Center’s Voting Rights Roundup is an indispensable resource for monitoring ongoing developments). And in the past two weeks two further Republican body blows were delivered to democratic equality.  * ⚓ What_Oakland_Wrought:_From_Gertrude_Stein_to_the_Black_Panthers_and Beyond⠀⇛ In the process, they gave the lie to Gertrude Stein’s notorious 1937 comment about Oakland: “There is no there there.” Stein lived in Oakland for more than a decade near the end of the nineteenth century, before moving to Baltimore and then to Paris where she collected great art and famous artists and attracted famous writers to her salon. Also, she published books that helped move modernism from bohemia to Middle America. During the Nazi occupation of France, she continued to live her lifestyle. After the liberation of France, she praised Nazi collaborators. Mitchell Schwarzer, an historian of architecture, landscape and urbanism, is the author of Hella Town: Oakland’s History of Development and Disruption (University of California Press, $26.95). His new book might be called an unofficial biography of the city where Stein lived from age 6 to 17, and that she lambasted on a visit decades later. It’s also the city where the Oakland As slugged their way to several World Series, the Raiders were once the champs of American football and the Golden State Warriors the reigning kings of basketball. There must be something about Oakland that has led to that kind of sports success. It probably has something to do with the raucous crowds that reflect the city’s demographics. * ⚓ ‘Overwhelming_Success’:_Researchers_Praise_Iceland’s_Four-Day_Work_Week Trials⠀⇛ A new study demonstrates that working fewer hours for the same pay—long a central aim of the left—has “transformative positive effects” for both employees and employers alike, with researchers calling trials of a four-day work week in Iceland an “overwhelming success.” “The Icelandic shorter working week journey tells us that not only is it possible to work less in modern times, but that progressive change is possible too.”—Gudmundur Haraldsson, ALDA * ⚓ Before_You’re_Done_Reading_This,_Someone_Will_Die_of_Political Neglect⠀⇛ While you are reading these words, somebody in this country will die needlessly. Under cause of death, the coroners’ report should read, “political neglect.” We made the political choice to let them die. * ⚓ America’s_Drug_Wars:_Fifty_Years_of_Reinforcing_Racism⠀⇛ Fifty years ago, on June 17, 1971, President Richard Nixon stood before the White House press corps, staffers at his side, to announce “a new, all-out offensive” against drug abuse, which he denounced as “America’s public enemy number one.” He called on Congress to contribute $350 million for a worldwide attack on “the sources of supply.” The first battle in this new drug war would be fought in South Vietnam where, Nixon said, “a number of young Americans have become addicts as they serve abroad.” * ⚓ Judge_Blocks_FBI_From_Moving_Forward_With_Forfeitures_Of_Property Seized_In_US_Private_Vaults_Raid⠀⇛ Earlier this year, the FBI raided a privately owned safety deposit box business in Los Angeles. The business provided secure storage for customers’ valuables, which were only accessible via biometric scans. The DOJ accused the company of engaging in drug trafficking and money laundering, but has yet to bring charges against any of the company’s employees or its customers. * ⚓ Supreme_Court_Rejects_Another_Questionable_Qualified_Immunity_Decision By_An_Appeals_Court⠀⇛ The Supreme Court appears to be continuing to make amends for the mess it’s made of qualified immunity over the years. Having tilted the playing field so far in favor of law enforcement even appeals court judges started making audible noise about the injustices encouraged by this doctrine, the Supreme Court seems to be trying to make things a bit more level. * ⚓ Family_Reunification:_Tearing_Down_the_Razor_Wire⠀⇛ Forcible separation of immigrant parents and children in United States custody was the signature practice of the Trump régime to enforce its Zero Tolerance policy. The action Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced he would not tolerate was seeking asylum by crossing the border between official ports of entry and turning oneself into the Border Patrol. Sessions said he would bring criminal charges against all who did this, whether or not they were seeking asylum. When families were detained, Customs and Border Protection separated kids from their parents, without effectively tracking the connected cases or notifying the parents where their youngsters were being held. At the same time, the Trump administration was “metering” the flow of asylum seekers at official border crossings down to a trickle, and sometimes shutting them out completely. This left tens of thousands of mainly Central Americans trapped in dangerous Mexican borderlands controlled by organized crime. * ⚓ Grace_Lee_and_James_Boggs_Showed_How_We_Can_Unite_Our_Struggles_for Justice⠀⇛ * ⚓ Activists_complain_to_Russian_Health_Ministry_over_medical_workers refusing_to_vaccinate_people_with_HIV_against_COVID-19⠀⇛ Some medical workers in Russia are refusing to vaccinate people with HIV against the coronavirus, the Moscow-based AIDS Center Foundation wrote in a letter to Russian Health Minister Mikhail Murashko. As reported by RBC, the letter underscores that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isn’t a contraindication for the use of the coronavirus jab.  * ⚓ Lukashenko_rival_Viktor_Babariko_sentenced_to_14_years_in_prison⠀⇛ On July 6, the Belarusian Supreme Court sentenced ex- Belgazprombank executive and former presidential hopeful Viktor Babariko (Viktar Babaryka) to 14 years in a maximum security prison. The verdict was handed down during a mobile court session at the Moskovsky District Court in Minsk. * ⚓ AOC_Calls_Out_“Racist_and_Colonial”_Cannabis_Policy_in_Olympic_Games⠀⇛ * ⚓ Jailed_former_Kirov_Governor_and_erstwhile_Navalny_ally_Nikita_Belykh faces_new_felony_charges⠀⇛ Nikita Belykh, the former governor of Russia’s Kirov region who once employed Alexey Navalny, has been behind bars since 2016, when he was arrested for allegedly accepting 400,000 euros ($473,460) in bribes from a local businessman. In 2018, a judge sentenced him to eight years in prison. Now federal investigators have opened a new felony case against Belykh on charges of abusing his authority while in office. § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ * ⚓ Even_Elon_Musk_Makes_It_Clear_Starlink_Could_Have_Limited_Impact,_May Not_Be_Financially_Viable⠀⇛ When even Elon Musk is reining in expectations and speaking carefully about one of his products, you know you probably shouldn’t get too excited. § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ * ⚓ DRM_Strikes_Again:_Ubisoft_Makes_Its_Own_Game_Unplayable_By_Shutting Down_DRM_Server⠀⇛ It’s not exactly a secret that we’ve been very anti-DRM here at Techdirt for some time. It’s honestly perplexing how anyone can be otherwise. DRM has shown time after time to be of almost no hindrance whatsoever for those seeking to pirate video games, but has done an excellent job of hindering those who actually bought the game in playing what they’ve bought. Ubisoft, in particular, has had issues with this over the years, with DRM servers failing and preventing customers from playing games that can no longer ping the DRM server. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3303 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.07.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_7/7/2021:_MAAS_3.0_and_Nitrux_Living_Packagecloud⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 3:18 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Community_of_Enterprise_Linux_|_LINUX_Unplugged_413⠀⇛ Linux server admins don’t know where to turn next; how the cult of personality might be shaping Linux’s most important market. # ⚓ Audacity_Privacy_Policy_Is_A_Privacy_Nightmare!⠀⇛ Every since MuseGroup acquired Audacity they have taken every step possible to make Audacity a believed free software project into a shell of it’s former selve, with the introduction of telemetry, then a CLA and now a privacy policy that justifies collecting any information they wish. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ SD_Times_news_digest:_TypeScript_4.4_beta,_Rust_support improvements_in_Linux_kernel,_Sauce_Labs_acquires_Backtrace⠀⇛ The Linux kernel received several major improvements to overall Rust support including removed panicking allocations, added support for the beta compiler as well as testing. The goal with the improvements is to have everything the kernel needs in the upstream ‘alloc’ and to drop it from the kernel tree. ‘Alloc’ is now compiled with panicking allocation methods disabled, so that they cannot be used within the kernel by mistake. As for compiler support, Linux is now using the 1.54-beta1 version as its reference compiler. At the end of this month, `rustc` 1.54 will be released, and the kernel will move to that version as the new reference. Additional details on all of the support improvements are available here. # ⚓ Linux_5.14_Staging_Drops_A_Set_Of_Drivers_For_The_Second Time,_Intel_QEP_Added_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The staging changes were submitted on Monday for the ongoing Linux 5.14 for this area of the kernel where immature / yet-to-be-cleaned-up code lives to prove itself before being ready to graduate to the proper mainline kernel area. Greg Kroah-Hartman sent in all of the staging updates on Monday along with the IIO driver work. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Audacity’s_user_data_collection_causing_consternation⠀⇛ The Audacity audio editor has been a staple of many a user’s multimedia toolkits for over 20 years and has had over 100 million downloads. It is described as a free, open source, cross-platform audio software package with availability across Windows, MacOS, GNU/Linux and more. That sounds like a great utility to have access to, and indeed over the years, on various PCs and laptops I have owned, I have downloaded and used Audacity for audio cutting, compressing, and conversion tasks. # ⚓ Fans_made_an_Audacity_clone_to_skirt_around_data-collection policies⠀⇛ Users were understandably upset by the sudden change of heart and policy — some went as far as to call it “possible spyware” — so they went ahead and created a new version of Audacity without the possibility of data-collection. At this point, Audacity has essentially undone the problematic privacy policy, but the damage is already done, as far as some are concerned. # ⚓ Audacity_Announced_User_Data_Collection,_So_Coders_Made Their_Own_Version⠀⇛ But for some users, Muse Group’s explanation for the changes was not enough, and they decided to take matters into their own hands instead. A number of users have simply forked the open source code on Audacity’s GitHub repository, essentially just cloning the code and removing any unwanted changes. One of the more popular forks was created by a cybersecurity analyst who goes by “Cookie Engineer” online. They told Motherboard that they were concerned by how the new privacy notice allowed data to be handled on servers outside the European Union, “where the Wild-West of cyber espionage is legitimized.” He stripped all networking related code and update checks from the forked repository, he said. Cookie Engineer said he was overwhelmed by all the positive feedback he is receiving and pointed to the scenario as an example of the strengths of open-source development. # ⚓ Audacity_3.0_Data_Collection_Raises_Concerns_About_New Owner⠀⇛ Muse Group acquired the free audio editing software in May. The company also controls Ultimate Guitar, MuseScore, and Tonebridge. Since the purchase of the free and open-source Audacity, changes have been made to support documents and the privacy policy that indicate data collection practices – where previously none existed. “All your personal data is stored on our servers in the European Economic Area (EEA). However, we are occasionally required to share your personal data with our main office in Russia and our external counsel in the USA,” the policy reads after being altered on June 2. The policy also states that the data may be shared with third-party advisors or ‘potential buyers.’ Data collected includes the user’s country based on IP address, error codes and messages, crash reports, and the CPU in use. But the data collection also extends to use for ‘legal enforcement’, which the privacy policy does not disclose. # ⚓ MAAS_3.0_released⠀⇛ We are happy to announce the release of MAAS 3.0. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_Install_iRedMail_Server_on_Ubuntu_20.04⠀⇛ iRedMail is a feature rich opensource mail server for Linux distribution. It can run on RedHat, Ubuntu, CentOS, Rocky Linux, Debian, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. There are other mail server solutions such as Mail-in-a-Box and modoboa. iRedMail features include spam filtering, TLS/SSL, webmail, calendar, unlimited accounts, web admin panel. It can be deployed easily and it is completely free. In this tutorial we learn how to install iRedMail on Ubuntu 20.04. # ⚓ How_to_install_Funkin’_VS_Tord_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install Funkin’ VS Tord on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ How_to_Enable_PowerTools_Repository_on_CentOS_–_Linux Hint⠀⇛ PowerTools is a repository that acts as a container for libraries and developer tools. This repository is available on RHEL/ CentOS but not enabled by default. Some of the most popular EPEL, “Extra packages for Enterprise Linux,” rely on PowerTools packages. You should install PowerTools on your system if the EPEL repository is already enabled. The PowerTools repository comprises many packages that require dependencies for installing other applications or creating applications from source code. These applications include window managers, audio programs, network management tools and system administration, chat clients, statistics/math packages, development tools, productivity applications, file managers, emulators, graphic programs, games, etc. # ⚓ How_to_Enable_and_Use_EPEL_on_CentOS?_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ The EPEL repository is a separate package repository that is utilized to install packages for frequently used software. Fedora developers wanted to use the packages they maintain on RHEL/CentOS; that’s how they got the idea to develop the EPEL repository. The purpose of this repository was to make the software more accessible on Enterprise Linux compatible distributions. # ⚓ How_to_Reset_the_Root_Password_of_CentOS_8_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ Hackers have become a lot more sophisticated in recent times, which forces users to come up with strong, unique, and complex passwords. The downside of setting such passwords is that they are not easy to remember, and you can easily forget them. You may also forget your password if you haven’t logged in in a long time. In this article, we will learn how to reset the root password on CentOS 8. A root account is a unique user account that grants certain privileges to the user. # ⚓ How_to_Install_and_Use_Docker_on_CentOS_8_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ Docker is a top-rated open-source platform used to develop, deploy, run, and ship applications with the help of containers. Containers are like virtual machines, which help in separating the applications from the system. It becomes effortless to develop an application and package it with all its dependencies inside a container and deliver the application anywhere. Docker is famous for its revolutionized development, and in the last few years, its popularity has spiked a lot. Before docker and containers, the deployment and scaling was a heck of a headache. There are three methods available on the Official Documentation webpage of Docker for installing Docker on the CentOS 8 Operating system. # ⚓ How_to_Boot_into_Emergency_Mode_on_CentOS_8_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ In the latest CentOS, i.e., CentOS 8 emergency mode and rescue mode has replaced the idea of run levels. Runlevels were different modes used for various tasks. In CentOS 8, Rescue mode is the equivalent of single-user mode, and emergency boot mode provides a minimal environment to repair your system. Today we will learn how to boot CentOS 8 into rescue and emergency mode. # ⚓ Linux_Source_Command_with_Examples_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ The source seems to be an integrated shell instruction that reads and executes the contents of a document (commonly a bundle of instructions) that is provided as a parameter within the present shell script. Upon obtaining the contents of the given files, the instruction delivers them to the TCL interpreter only as a textual program, which would then be run. Whenever filename is called, any arguments given turn out to be positional arguments. The positioning variables, on the other hand, stay unaltered. The elements in $PATH have been used to locate the folder that contains FILENAME; nevertheless, unless the document isn’t found in $PATH, it would be searched in the root folder. The source command seems to have no options, and indeed the document seems to be the only parameter. Let’s get started working on the Linux Source Command in Ubuntu 20.04 Linux operating system. Login from your system and launch the Ubuntu terminal by utilizing the shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T. # ⚓ Linux_Pipe_Command_with_Examples⠀⇛ The ‘pipe’ command is used in both UNIX and Linux operating systems. Pipes help combine two or more commands and are used as input/output concepts in a command. In the Linux operating system, we use more than one pipe in command so that the output of one command before a pipe acts as input for the other command after the pipe. In this article, we have discussed many examples to understand the basic functionality of pipes. # ⚓ How_to_Install_GCC_Compiler_on_CentOS_8_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ GCC refers to a set of tools that includes an integrated collection of compilers and libraries for many major programming languages such as C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Ada, and Brig. GCC stands for “GNU Compiler Collection.” The compiler for each language has its own name. The compiler for C++ is called G++, the compiler for Ada is called GNAT, and so on. This post consists of a profound guide on how to install GCC Compiler on CentOS 8. We will also learn how to write, compile, and execute a simple C program in GCC compiler. But first, we will learn how to check the installed packages and groups on CentOS 8. # ⚓ Will_there_be_a_CentOS_9?_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ So, these statements declare that there will be no CentOS 9. After this announcement, you should question that what will happen to the CentOS project? Well, CentOS 8 will only receive updates till 2021. Red Hat will transfer all of its resources from CentOS Linux to CentOS Stream. # ⚓ How_to_Get_Into_a_Docker_Container_Shell_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ A container is a file format that encapsulates all of an application’s code and dependencies in a standardized format to execute efficiently and reliably across multiple computing environments. Docker is a compact, independent executable container that contains all needed to run an application, comprising libraries, system tools, code, and runtime. A container is an image that can be run. To use the Docker API or CLI, you can build, start, terminate, move, or destroy a container. You can connect storage to a container, attach it to one or even more networks, or even develop a new image based on its existing state. A container is often well separated from those other containers and its host device by convention. You control how separated a container’s network and other fundamental subsystems are from other containers and the host device. A Docker Container is a pre-configured container used to install a specific application or environment on the go. It may be any other operating-system containers to meet the requirements. However, the most appealing feature of containers is their ability to gently “die” and revive when load balancing requires it. Containers are “affordable” to begin, and they’re intended to emerge and disappear quickly. Whether a container’s demise is triggered by a crash or just because it’s no longer required because server traffic is low, containers are “relatively inexpensive” to start. Users can separate applications from the underlying system using Docker containers, which are virtualized run-time environments. These containers are small, portable components that allow you to rapidly and simply establish an application. The uniformity of the computing environment executing inside the container is a valuable feature. Now we are going to talk over the process to get started into the docker container shell. # ⚓ How_to_Write_or_Edit_/etc/fstab_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ In Linux, there are multiple system configuration files that regulate system behavior. The fstab file is such a configuration file that stores all the information about various partitions and storage devices on the computer. At the time of boot, the fstab file describes how each partition and device will mount. # ⚓ How_can_I_see_DPKG_and_apt_history_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ This tutorial explains how to see dpkg and apt history in Debian-based Linux distributions. After reading this tutorial, you will know how to find information about installed, removed, and upgraded packages using commands apt, dpkg-query, and reading dpkg logs. There are instructions to create a list of installed packages, install all listed packages on a new computer, and additional apt and dpkg tips. # ⚓ How_To:_Encrypt_Files_with_Ansible_Vault⠀⇛ Ansible Vault is a technology that allows you to encrypt values of variables or even encrypt whole files to minimise security risks associated with storing such information in your Ansible playbooks, vars files or roles. You usually employ the ansible-vault command and supply a passphrase to encrypt and decrypt information. Ansible Vault is a fascinating and fully implemented concept, so you can have multiple storage areas (vault-ids) and provide separate passphrases for encrypting different types of information. # ⚓ Remove_User_in_Linux_Using_the_Command_Line⠀⇛ In this article, you will learn how to remove a user in Linux system. The article covers the userdel command and its options. As you know, Linux is a multi-user system, which means that more than one user can interact with the same system at the same time. User management is an important part of Linux administration. One of the most basic tasks that you should know is how to manage the users on Linux systems. # ⚓ Install_Graylog_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_A_log_management software⠀⇛ This tutorial will help the users to install and use Graylog on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS server to collect and analyze systems log data centrally in one place. Graylog is an open-source tool that offers an integrated platform for collecting, indexing, and analyzing log data. The system essentially consists of the Graylog web interface, the Graylog servers, the Elasticsearch nodes, and a Mongo database. The nodes can be scaled as required. A system in which everything is combined in one node is sufficient for testing. The Graylog server is the central element of the architecture, which takes care of the management of the Elasticsearch indices and forms an abstraction layer. Therefore, it would be possible to swap Elasticsearch for another system that is particularly suitable for analyzing the log data. Graylog supports various input mechanisms. By default, four different formats or protocols are supported: Syslog, GELF, JSON / REST-URLs, and RAW. syslog is a standard for the transmission of log messages and is often used by system components. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Overcooked_2_on_Linux_|_Ubuntu_20.04_|_Native⠀⇛ Overcooked 2 running native on Linux. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Nitrux_loves_Packagecloud⠀⇛ For the former, we decided to use the services provided by Packagecloud.io. Ever since we created our repository, sometime four years ago, we used aptly. For the most part, aptly was ok, but it never was sufficient to cover all of our needs to manage an APT repository as the distribution grew. Eventually, using aptly started to become a burden. At times, not uploading the packages that we built. Other times, it wouldn’t update the package index. In some cases where aptly was supposed to manage (i.e., delete) packages, the files would not be deleted, and we had to do it manually. In our search for a better tool for the job, we found Packagecloud.io. We started by making an account, creating a repository, and uploaded a test package, and it couldn’t have been easier (none of this has any cost, by the way). All of this using their user-friendly web interface, something that aptly, of course, didn’t have. But uploading packages manually through a UI was not all; Packagecloud.io provides out-of-the-box integration for various CIs. We use Travis CI to build our packages and our ISO files. The Packagecloud.io documentation was straightforward to follow for this purpose, and it was just a matter of updating the travis.yml files in our repositories. We were already building and uploading packages to our newly created repository. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § Arch Family⠀➾ # ⚓ [From_Arch]_Sorting_out_old_password_hashes⠀⇛ Starting with libxcrypt 4.4.21, weak password hashes (such as MD5 and SHA1) are no longer accepted for new passwords. Users that still have their passwords stored with a weak hash will be asked to update their password on their next login. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ Age_discrimination_case_against_IBM_leaks_emails, docs_via_bad_redaction⠀⇛ An IBM age discrimination lawsuit filed in Texas last year has become a bit less opaque after The Register found an inadequately redacted court document that discusses plans to present evidence obtained from company emails and documents. The case involves 16 former Big Blue employees who claim “IBM’s highest executives created and attempted to conceal a multi- faceted ‘fire-and-hire’ scheme with the ultimate goal of making IBM’s workforce younger.” Since the publication of a 2018 report by ProPublica and Mother Jones alleging systematic efforts within IBM to get rid of older employees and findings to that effect by the United States’ Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), there have been multiple lawsuits against IBM claiming that the IT titan engaged in a pattern of discriminatory behavior. There’s a case underway in New York involving several former IBM employees. Last April, another case in Texas involving plaintiff Jonathan Langley was unexpectedly dismissed – and presumably settled. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ AGX_Xavier_edge_AI_system_has_four_PoE_ports⠀⇛ Axiomtek unveiled a Jetson AGX Xavier based “AIE900-902-FL” computer with dual lockable HDMI ports and 6x GbE, 4x of which offer PoE. There is also a more compact, Whiskey Lake based “eBOX565” box. Axiomtek has announced the AIE900-902-FL, its first computer based on Nvidia’s high-end Jetson AGX Xavier. There is also a much smaller, Whiskey Lake based eBOX565 system that is a minor variation of an earlier eBOX (see farther below). The AIE900-902-FL follows earlier Jetson-based products such as the smaller AIE100-903-FL-NX, which similarly runs Linux on the lower-end Jetson Xavier NX. The system is designed for edge AI applications including 3D vision guided robots, autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), intelligent video analytics, domain-focused robot assistant, and intelligent roadside units. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Automate_your_home_on_the_cheap_with_this_Arduino setup_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛ All too often, those who are new to Arduino struggle with creating large projects due to a lack of experience and components. This can be frustrating, but Instructables user MAKE_IT WITH_ME decided to tackle this issue by designing a super cheap way to automate home circuitry from just a single Starter Kit. His build uses a single Arduino Uno, although it can easily be swapped with something like a Nano or Mega, along with a stepper motor/driver, servo motor, threaded rod, and an IR receiver + remote combo. o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # ⚓ Small_Footprint_Web_Browsers_for_Linux⠀⇛ Almost every one of us uses popular web browsers such as Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera, Safari, or Mozilla Firefox. Every one of them is unique in their own ways and fulfill our browsing needs excellently. Mozilla Firefox is the default web browser in Linux, and it comes pre-installed with many Linux distros out-of-the-box. But most of these web browsers are very demanding in terms of storage space and hardware acceleration required to function smoothly. So, if you have an old machine or low-end hardware on your computer, you might struggle to use these browsers efficiently. In addition to all this, privacy is a significant concern in today’s tech-savvy world that relies on the internet. Hence you need reliable lightweight browsers that fulfill your browsing requirements without causing you a privacy concern. This article will introduce you to lightweight web browsers for Linux that leave small footprints behind and work smoothly on older computers. # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Responsible_Data_Collection_is_Good,_Actually_ (Ubisoft_Data_Summit_2021) [Ed: Free software community: Audacity_spyware_is_bad._Google-funded Mozilla,_citing_DRM_giant:_NO,_SPYWARE_CAN_BE GOOD!]⠀⇛ Learn how responsible data collection as practiced at Mozilla makes cataloguing easy, stops instrumentation mistakes before they ship, and allows you to build self-serve analysis tooling that gets everyone invested in data quality. Oh, and it’s cheaper, too. # ⚓ Responsible_Data_Collection_is_Good,_Actually_ (Ubisoft_Data_Summit_2021) [Ed: So using an application which does not need an Internet connection (audio editor), unlike a browser, to spy on the user for the US government is OK? Is that what Mozilla is trying to tell us? Either way, this merely reaffirms the idea that Firefox, funded by Google, is just a coat of “open” paint on malware. “Data @ Mozilla” = surveillance_by Mozilla. Remember that the data masters of Audacity are also the masters of Firefox. Same tentacles.]⠀⇛ # § CMS⠀➾ # ⚓ WordPress_5.8_Release_Candidate_2⠀⇛ WordPress 5.8 is slated for release on July 20, 2021, and we need your help to get there—if you have not tried 5.8 yet, now is the time! # § FSF⠀➾ # § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ Hot_new_summer_items_from_GNU_Press!_—_Free Software_Foundation⠀⇛ The Free Software Foundation’s (FSF) summer fundraiser is underway, and that means there are new items in the GNU Press Shop! First and foremost, there’s the latest GNU hue: the gnu head T-shirt in “thirty-fifth anniversary” coral. You will stand out from the crowd in this exuberantly colored shirt. We’re taking orders for a limited time for these, until July 16th, and then printing the shirts — you should have yours in your hands and on your shoulders a few weeks later. We are also very pleased to present the GNU Press Shop’s most novel novelty item yet: the software freedom advice orb. This “apparently-smart” tool offers words of wisdom to free software developer and layperson alike. Whenever you can’t decide whether to “read the docs” or “file a bug,” the orb can help. It’s usable on any number of occasions and requires no charging or maintenance. We have a limited number of orbs, so get yours before they’re gone! # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Dirk_Eddelbuettel:_ttdo_0.0.7:_Small_tinytest update⠀⇛ A new minor release of our ttdo package arrived on CRAN today. The ttdo package extends the most excellent (and very minimal / zero depends) unit testing package tinytest by Mark van der Loo with the very clever and well-done diffobj package by Brodie Gaslam to give us test results with visual diffs (as shown in the screenshot here) which seemingly is so compelling an idea that another package decided to copied it more recently… # ⚓ Dirk_Eddelbuettel:_RcppRedis_0.1.11:_Minor_Update⠀⇛ A new minor release of RcppRedis arrived on CRAN, the first update since the last release in January of last year. RcppRedis is one of several packages connecting R to the fabulous Redis in-memory datastructure store (and much more). RcppRedis does not pretend to be feature complete, but it may do some things faster than the other interfaces, and also offers an optional coupling with MessagePack binary (de)serialization via RcppMsgPack. The package has carried production loads for several years now. # ⚓ Excellent_Free_Books_to_Learn_PostScript_– LinuxLinks⠀⇛ PostScript is an interpreted, stack-based language similar to Forth but with strong dynamic typing, data structures inspired by those found in Lisp, scoped memory and, since language level 2, garbage collection. The language syntax uses reverse Polish notation, which makes the order of operations unambiguous, but reading a program requires some practice. PostScript is a Turing-complete programming language, belonging to the concatenative group. This means that any program you can write in any programming language, you can write in PostScript (albeit it will be slower). PostScript files are (generally) plain text files and as such they can easily be generated by hand or as the output of user written programs. As with most programming languages, postscript files (programs) are intended to be, at least partially, human- readable. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ List_Reverse_Methods_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ When we are doing some python programming, then sometimes we need to reverse a list in python. The reverse of a list in python means to change the order. The first element will become the last element and the second element will be the second-last one, and the last element will become the first element, and so on. The Python programming directly does not support the array data structure. For that, we use the in-built list data structure. But sometimes, we need to use the array in Python programming, and for that, we have to import the module Numpy. # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾ # ⚓ Reverse_or_shuffle_a_string_in_a_particular field⠀⇛ The idea for this post comes from a 2017 Stack Overflow question. The OP wanted to reverse the string in column 3 of a space-separated table (here called “table”) without disturbing the other columns… * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ The_Dalai_Lama_turns_86:_Reincarnation_debate_gathers_pace⠀⇛ His Holiness the Dalai Lama (HHDL) celebrates his 86th birthday on 06 July. His advanced age and the intransigence of China in negotiating with him have brought the issue of Tibet and his reincarnation into focus. HHDL escaped from the Chinese annexation of Tibet in March 1959 and came into India. [...] o ⚓ 86th_Birthday_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_Celebrated_in Belgium⠀⇛ Talking briefly about the hard work of the outgoing board, he pointed out the major success was the most lawful and smooth conduct of the Tibetan elections. Despite being the hardest period of Covid, both the preliminary and the actual elections were carried with the proper permission of local authorities. The donations to Indian PM Cares for Covid were substantial 15000 Euros. Recently at the instance of President Penpa Tsering’s appeal for relief and alleviation and Covid wave for Tibetans in the Indian Subcontinent, by yesterday another 12000 Euros have been donated by Tibetans in Belgium for onward transmission to the Health Department in India. o ⚓ Dalai_Lama_turns_86_amid_low-key_celebrations_during_pandemic⠀⇛ “The Dalai Lama is one of the foremost guides of our time and is one of the few individuals who can reorient Sino- Tibetan history in a positive direction,” the kashag said in a statement. It said the Chinese government should, therefore, recognise that he is the key to resolving the Sino- Tibetan conflict. “It should use this opportunity offered by taking the mutually beneficial middle path to foster a harmonious environment where Tibetans and Chinese can co- exist amicably,” it said. We appeal to the Chinese government to invite the Dalai Lama to Tibet and China on pilgrimage without any preconditions, the kashag said. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ [Old] Ep2_Donald_Knuth⠀⇛ In this episode of ACM ByteCast, Rashmi Mohan is joined by 1974 ACM A.M. Turing Laureate Donald Knuth, author of the hugely popular textbook series, “The Art of Computer Programming.” They discuss what led him to discover his love of computing as well as writing about computer programming, his outlook on how people learn technical skills, how his mentorship has helped him write “human oriented” programs, the problems he is still working to solve, and how his dissatisfaction with early digital typesetting led him to develop TeX, as well as his interest in playing and composing music for the pipe organ. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Biden_Sets_Up_Tech_Showdown_With_‘Right-to-Repair’_Rules for_FTC⠀⇛ While the agency will ultimately decide the size and scope of the order, the presidential right-to- repair directive is expected to mention mobile phone manufacturers and Department of Defense contractors as possible areas for regulation. Tech companies including Apple Inc. and Microsoft Corp. have imposed limits on who can repair broken consumer electronics like game consoles and mobile phones, which consumer advocates say increases repair costs. # ⚓ Is_NVMe_faster_than_SSD?_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛ There is much confusion about the terms NVMe and SSD. In some cases, they are mistaken as two different drives, and sometimes their speeds are even compared. NVMe and SSDs are two very other things, but they work in tandem for faster storage access and data processing. NVMe is a protocol, an architecture that efficiently drives SSDs to work with the PCIe interface for optimum performance, while SSD is the storage drive itself. It is therefore incorrect to compare the speeds of NVMe and SSD. NVMe is the technology behind NVMe SSD’s extremely fast speeds and lower latency. The better and more specific question would be “Is NVMe faster than SATA SSD?” to which the answer would be a flat YES. NVMe SSDs are about 3-4 times faster than SATA SSDs with read-write speeds of up to 2000MB/s compared to the only 600MB/s of SATA SSDs. Unlike SATA and SCSI, NVMe doesn’t need a controller to communicate with the CPU, making communication with the CPU even faster. NVMe uses four PCIe lanes, supports massive 64K queues, and can send 64K commands per queue. The NVMe protocol, however, requires only 13 commands for high performance. NVMe SSDs also achieve lower latency than SATA SSDs. An NVMe SSD’s data reading latency is 300 microseconds, while SATA SSD is 500 microseconds based on an actual test. Likewise, data writing for SATA SSD is 2 ms, while NVMe SSDs is only 1ms.[1] The differences seem negligible, but the differences are substantially evident when working on large volumes of data. SATA SSDs, however, still have a price advantage over NVMe SSDs. NVMe-based SSDs have a higher price tag than SATA SSDs, the reason why SSDs using older technologies are still widely used today. SATA SSD’s lower price is more practical for regular consumers who can settle for the modest speed that this type of SSDs offer. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Unvaccinated_Americans_Make_Up_99%_of_Current_COVID_Deaths, Fauci_Tells_NBC⠀⇛ # ⚓ In_Echo_of_Trump,_Boris_Johnson_Says_UK_Must_“Learn_to_Live With”_Rising_COVID⠀⇛ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Ransomware_Using_Kaseya’s_Software_Vulnerability Impacted_800-1500_Businesses_Internationally⠀⇛ On July 22nd, Kaseya, a US-based IT company was hit with a massive ransomware attack. Kaseya provides IT tools to companies to monitor & manage their infrastructure. A tool named VSA was reported to have a severe vulnerability by the Dutch Institute for Vulnerability Disclosure (DIVD). Kaseya has almost 37k customers out of which only 50 customers were impacted by the ransomware attack. Most of Kaseya’s customers are MSPs (Managed Service Providers) who provide services to other small or medium businesses. The 50 customers who were impacted by the attack have around 800k to 1million customers around the World. According to Kaseya’s CEO Fred Voccola, 800-1500 customers of their MSPs were directly hit by the attack. The attack affects businesses from all over the world, but most affected are from Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, and New Zealand. Several IT companies were impacted in Germany, Supermarkets in Sweden, and Schools and Kindergartens in New Zealand. A Russian group of hackers called REvil took responsibility for the attack. A representative of REvil talked to Reuters and victims of the attack in an online chatroom to negotiate. They demanded $70 million for decrypting all the customers’ data with a global key. # ⚓ Pentagon_Cancels_a_Disputed_$10_Billion_Technology Contract⠀⇛ The Defense Department said in a news release on Tuesday that the contract for the Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure, known as JEDI, “no longer meets its needs,” but it said it would solicit bids from Amazon and Microsoft on future cloud-computing contracts. The Pentagon statement made for a quiet end to years of legal wrangling and dueling technology claims over what many considered to be the marquee contract for providing cloud-computing services to the federal government. A senior administration official said that soon after the Biden administration took office, it began a review that quickly concluded that the costly arguments over JEDI had been so lengthy that the system would be outdated as soon as it was deployed. # ⚓ Pentagon_cancels_$10bn_‘Jedi’_contract⠀⇛ The Department of Defense (DoD) said in a statement on Tuesday: “With the shifting technology environment, it has become clear that the Jedi Cloud contract, which has long been delayed, no longer meets the requirements to fill the DoD’s capability gaps.” It added that it would seek new proposals “from a limited number of sources”, including both Amazon and Microsoft. # ⚓ Pentagon_Moves_to_Split_Cloud_Deal_Between_Microsoft, Amazon⠀⇛ The Pentagon scrapped a $10 billion cloud- computing contract awarded in 2019 to Microsoft Corp. after several years of wrangling between the government and some of the biggest U.S. tech companies over the deal, indicating it plans to divide the work between Microsoft and rival Amazon.com Inc. instead. # ⚓ Pentagon_cancels_Microsoft_JEDI_contract,_will_ask for_new_cloud_computing_bids⠀⇛ The release also announced a multi-vendor contract called the Joint Warfighter Cloud Capability contract to provide many of the services offered by JEDI. CNBC says the Defense Department considers Amazon and Microsoft the only companies capable of providing the necessary infrastructure, although it says it will perform market research to see if other competitors could fit the bill. # ⚓ Pentagon_cancels_$10_billion_JEDI_cloud_contract_that Amazon_and_Microsoft_were_fighting_over⠀⇛ The fight over a cloud computing project does not appear to be completely over yet. The Pentagon said in the press release that it still needs enterprise-scale cloud capability and announced a new multivendor contract known as the Joint Warfighter Cloud Capability. The agency said it plans to solicit proposals from both Amazon and Microsoft for the contract, adding that they are the only cloud service providers that can meet its needs. But, it added, it will continue to do market research to see if others could also meet its specifications. # ⚓ Full_Impact_Of_Ransomware_Attack_Hard_To_Estimate, CEO_Of_Software_Company_Targeted_Says [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ # ⚓ U.S._Senator_Recommends_Mandatory_Breach_Reporting for_Companies [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ King said he strongly advocates that such new rules should be a joint effort with the Geneva Convention for Cyber War. It’s the type of international cooperation that others have recommended between countries. # ⚓ https://www.dw.com/en/ransomware-attack-can- companies-protect-themselves/a-58165558 [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ The hackers targeted US firm Kaseya, which provides remote software services to about 37,000 clients. Kaseya CEO Fred Voccola said the company believed that fewer than 40 of its customers had been affected. However, at least 20 of those were managed-service providers (MSPs). Companies hire MSPs to remotely manage their IT infrastructure. Attacks against MSPs are tricky because affected MSPs end up inadvertently passing the ransomware onto their clients, who can pass it onto their clients, in what is known as a “supply chain attack.” “It’s particularly insidious for all the customers because it spreads through a supposedly trusted channel,” Miriam Föller- Nord, dean of the Department of Computer Sciences at Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, told DW. # ⚓ Regarding_the_Kaseya_Attack,_Some_Answers⠀⇛ Firstly, how did Revel learn about the VSA exploit? This zero day vulnerability was in the process of being patched. The coordinated vulnerability disclosure process was being shepherded by Wietse Boonstra, the research at the Dutch Institute for Vulnerability Disclosure who discovered it. So how did it come to be used by a ransomware gang? There are a lot of interesting possibilities, but given how little we know it’s all pure speculation. Here are some of mine: it could be anything from a duplicate discovery, or a compromised researcher, or using already existing access to Kaseya to read the vulnerability reports. # ⚓ Russian_ransomware_attack_under_way,_Centre_for Cybersecurity_warns⠀⇛ The current attack targets an ICT management tool known as Kaseya VSA, the CCB said. The software has certain vulnerabilities which allow it to be taken over, crippling not one machine but a whole network. # ⚓ Microsoft_Edge_Translator_contained_uXSS_flaw exploitable_‘on_any_web_page’⠀⇛ A universal cross-site scripting (uXSS) vulnerability in Microsoft Edge’s translation function left users open to attack, regardless of which website they visited, security researchers have claimed. # ⚓ [Old] [Cr]ackers_Tricked_Microsoft_Into_Certifying Malware_That_Could_Spy_on_Users⠀⇛ On June 17, a security researcher found that Microsoft had signed a rootkit, a dangerous type of malware that has the ability to be persistent and capture practically all data on an infected computer. Whoever is behind this attack was able to make their malware look like a legitimate driver approved by Microsoft, giving them the ability to bypass most computers’ protections. # ⚓ Fallout_continues_from_biggest_global_ransomware attack⠀⇛ Thousands of organizations – largely firms that remotely manage the IT infrastructure of others – were infected in at least 17 countries in Friday’s assault. Kaseya, whose product was exploited, said Monday that they include several just returning to work. Because the attack by the notorious REvil gang came just as a long Fourth of July weekend began, more victims were expected to learn their fate when they return to the office Tuesday. # ⚓ Kaspersky_Password_Manager’s_random_password generator_was_about_as_random_as_your_wall_clock⠀⇛ Last year, Kaspersky Password Manager (KPM) users got an alert telling them to update their weaker passwords. Now we’ve found out why that happened. In March 2019, security biz Kaspersky Lab shipped an update to KPM, promising that the application could identify weak passwords and generate strong replacements. Three months later, a team from security consultancy Donjon found that KPM didn’t manage either task particularly well – the software used a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) that was insufficiently random to create strong passwords. From that time until the last few months of 2020, KPM was suggesting passwords that could be easily cracked, without flagging the weak passwords for users. # ⚓ Ransomware-hit_law_firm_gets_court_order_asking crooks_not_to_publish_the_data_they_stole⠀⇛ A barristers’ chambers hit by a ransomware attack has responded by getting a court order demanding the criminals do not share stolen data. 4 New Square chambers, which counts IT dispute experts among its ranks, obtained a privacy injunction from the High Court at the end of June against “person or persons unknown” who were “blackmailing” the firm. Those persons were said to be “responsible for engaging in a cyber-attack on [the barristers] on or about 12 June 2021 and/or who is threatening to release the information thereby obtained.” # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Costa_Rican_group_ICE_joins_Linux Foundation_5G_Super_Blue_Print initiative [Ed: What the heck is the connection to Linux? Just about nothing. Sometimes the OS, but this isn't about the OS.]⠀⇛ Costa Rica’s state telecom and energy operator ICE is the first Latin American operator to join the Linux Foundation’s (LF) 5G Super Blue Print initiative, the LF press office confirmed to BNamericas. LF Networking, the LF group that works on open source networking projects, announced last week that seven new member organizations have joined the community to collaborate on the 5G Super Blue Print initiative, including the Costa Rican operator and ANTTEC, ICE’s main union of technicians and engineers. The 5G Blue Print initiative is a big focus for Linux Foundation this year and the organization expects more companies to join the community. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Multiple_European_Attempts_to_Strengthen Online_Privacy_Are_Likely_to_Have_Global Impact⠀⇛ For example, back in 2017, Privacy News Online wrote about a statement by Belgium, France and the Netherlands that Facebook broke their privacy laws. After years in the lower courts, the Belgian case reached the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), the EU’s highest court. Interestingly, the case was not about Facebook’s actions themselves, but about whether or not Belgium’s Data Protection Authority has the power to investigate those actions. That might seem to be a strange question, but it relates to the way that the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) works. This specifies a “one-stop shop” rule, whereby generally only the data protection authorities in the jurisdiction where a company has its European headquarters can bring an action. The idea here is to prevent the situation where the many data protection authorities across the EU bring the same case. Instead, there is a “lead supervisory authority” that handles the case in conjunction with other data protection authorities. # ⚓ [Old] The_Hundreds_of_Little-Known_Firms Getting_Data_on_Americans⠀⇛ The news highlights potential privacy issues in the ecosystem of real-time bidding (RTB), where participants in the online ad business can obtain so-called bidstream data on individuals such as their GPS location, device identifiers, and browsing history. The letters show how vast that ecosystem is, and potentially the national security risk of companies across the world accessing such data. # ⚓ Facebook,_Google,_Twitter_say_could_quit Hong_Kong_over_proposed_data_laws:_Report⠀⇛ U.S. tech giants Facebook Inc, Alphabet Inc’s Google and Twitter Inc have privately warned the Hong Kong government that they could stop offering their services in the city if authorities proceed with planned changes to data-protection laws, the Wall Street Journal reported on Monday, citing a letter. The laws could make the tech companies liable for the malicious sharing of individuals’ information online, the newspaper added. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Facebook_Is_Banning_Anyone_Charged_With_Participating_In Capitol_Hill_Insurrection⠀⇛ Mark Gray spotted an interesting tidbit buried in a Washington Post story about online activism among Trumpist supporters. Most of the story is the usual stuff about how propagandists are finding each other and organizing movements online. There is some of the usual hand-wringing that is standard in these stories about how social media is “enabling” this kind of activity, though it also notes that users very quickly migrated to other welcoming sites (and, also, how they’ve figured out ways to sneak back onto the bigger platforms): # ⚓ Nigerian_kidnappings_reach_crisis_point⠀⇛ The banditry violence, unconnected to the Boko Haram insurgency in the northeast, began as a farmer-herder conflict in 2011 and intensified between 2017–2018 to include cattle rustling, kidnapping for ransom, sexual violence and killings. One resident told DW that bandits were taxing farmers in exchange for safety — a sign that the government has lost control. About 21 million people living in Nigeria’s Zamfara, Kaduna, Niger, Sokoto, Kebbi, and Katsina states are hugely affected. # ⚓ Taliban_parade_new_weapons_seized_from_Afghan_military_as U.S._withdraws⠀⇛ Meanwhile, district after district has fallen to the Taliban. The militants have seized 120 districts since May 1, according to an ongoing assessment by the Long War Journal. The map is a moving patchwork, but at last count the Taliban controlled 193 districts and contested 130, while 75 were under the control of the government or are undetermined, according to the publication that reports on the global war on terror and is a project of The Foundation for Defense of Democracies, a hawkish Washington think tank. At the same time, many military outposts have been surrendered without a fight, allowing the Taliban to seize weapons, according to multiple Afghan military and government sources. # ⚓ [Old] Global_warming_below_1.7°C_is_‘not_plausible’, reveals_our_study_of_the_social_drivers_of_decarbonisation⠀⇛ Plausible, on the other hand, means that something has more than an outside chance of occurring – it has an appreciable probability. In the context of climate futures, this means that a scenario is not merely feasible, but also that there is enough societal momentum and political will to make that future materialise. There is no hard, quantitative limit for “appreciable” probability or “enough” political will. But our assessment didn’t need to split hairs in this way. The evidence was overwhelming. # ⚓ A_Glimpse_into_the_Future_of_Muslim-Majority_Britain⠀⇛ Batley and Spen must begin to force this conversation, a conversation I have been trying to have heard for well over a decade. Britain is no longer voting by party, but by deeply-held religious beliefs, and with The Squad gaining ground, it is not hard to see this repeating itself in America. An insignificant by-election in a tiny town in the UK has become a glimpse into the future of political power in Britain — and America. It sits with the Muslim majority and it is truly dark for the LGBT and Jewish communities. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Peter_R_de_Vries:_Dutch_crime_journalist_wounded_in Amsterdam_shooting⠀⇛ Amsterdam mayor Femke Halsema described Mr de Vries as a national hero, “brave, looking for justice, free spirit, helping people in distress, parents of murdered children”. He was immersed in the job and his involvement in numerous high-profile cases resulted repeated calls from the underworld for his “liquidation”. The Dutch Bar Association has released a statement describing the “brutal attack” as having an enormous impact on the legal profession. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ 6_Things_to_Know_About_Climate_Change_and_Heat_Waves⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_North_American_heatwave_shows_we_need_to_know_how climate_change_will_change_our_weather⠀⇛ While this heatwave has been extraordinary in many ways, its birth and evolution followed a well-known sequence of events that generate heatwaves. Heatwaves occur when there is high air pressure at ground level. The high pressure is a result of air sinking through the atmosphere. As the air descends, the pressure increases, compressing the air and heating it up, just like in a bike pump. Sinking air has a big warming effect: the temperature increases by 1 degree for every 100 metres the air is pushed downwards. # ⚓ Why_North_America’s_killer_heat_scares_me⠀⇛ Climatologists are nervous of being accused of alarmism – but many have been frankly alarmed for some time now. “The extreme nature of the record, along with others, is a cause for real concern,” says veteran scientist Professor Sir Brian Hoskins. “What the climate models project for the future is what we would get if we are lucky. The model’s behaviour may be too conservative.” In other words, in some places it’s likely to be even worse than predicted. # ⚓ Arctic’s_coldest_sea_ice_is_vulnerable_to_melting⠀⇛ Every year an ice floe as big as Austria simply vanishes. That’s climate change, as the Arctic’s coldest sea ice risks melting. # ⚓ Glimmer_of_Hope_in_Honduras:_Ex-Dam_CEO_&_West_Point_Grad Convicted_in_Murder_of_Berta_Cáceres⠀⇛ A former U.S.-trained Honduran military officer and businessman has been found guilty of plotting the assassination of Berta Cáceres, the award-winning Lenca land and water defender killed in 2016. The Honduran Supreme Court ruled unanimously that David Castillo, the former president of the hydroelectric corporation DESA, was a co-perpetrator in Cáceres’s murder. Cáceres was assassinated as she led the fight against the construction of DESA’s massive hydroelectric dam on a river in southwestern Honduras that is sacred to the Lenca people. Seven hired hitmen were convicted of her murder in 2018 and sentenced in 2019. Castillo’s conviction this week comes just days after Honduras marked the 12th anniversary of the 2009 U.S.-backed coup. “This is the first time in 12 years that we have seen any kind of justice in Honduras,” says Honduran scholar Suyapa Portillo Villeda, an associate professor at Pitzer College and the author of “Roots of Resistance: A Story of Gender, Race, and Labor on the North Coast of Honduras.” # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Exxon_Lobbyists_Tricked_Into_Naming_Senators_They_Use to_Block_Climate_Action⠀⇛ # ⚓ Pipeline_Company_Files_$15_Billion_Claim_Against_US for_Canceling_Keystone_XL⠀⇛ # ⚓ Exxon_Exposed:_Greenpeace_Tricks_Top_Lobbyists_into Naming_Senators_They_Use_to_Block_Climate_Action⠀⇛ Democratic Congressmember Ro Khanna, the chair of the House Oversight Subcommittee on the Environment, has announced plans to ask the CEOs of Exxon and other fossil fuel companies to testify before the committee about their role in blocking congressional action to address the climate emergency. Khanna made the request after Greenpeace UK released a video of two lobbyists discussing Exxon’s secretive efforts to fight climate initiatives in Washington, revealing how the oil giant supported a carbon tax to appear proactive about climate change while privately acknowledging that such a tax has no chance of being passed. We feature the complete video and speak to one of the activists involved with it. “The reality is that almost nothing has changed in the Exxon playbook,” says Charlie Kronick, senior climate adviser at Greenpeace UK. “This has been going on for decades.” # ⚓ America_used_fewer_fossil_fuels_in_2020_than_it_has in_three_decades⠀⇛ Americans gobbled up fewer fossil fuels in 2020 than they have in three decades, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Consumption of petroleum, natural gas, and coal dropped by 9 percent last year compared to 2019, the biggest annual decrease since the EIA started keeping track in 1949. The COVID-19 pandemic was responsible for much of the fall as people stayed home to curb the spread of the virus and used less gas. In April 2020, oil prices nosedived below zero because there was so little demand. The US transportation sector alone used up 15 percent less energy in 2020 compared to the year before. Higher temperatures last winter also helped to cut energy demand for heating, according to the EIA. As a result, greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels plummeted to a near 40-year low. # ⚓ New_night_train_to_start_between_Berlin_and Stockholm⠀⇛ During the summer months, a new night train will start running between Berlin and Stockholm, stopping at Hamburg and Copenhagen along the way. The first train left Berlin at 6:54 PM on Monday and arrived in Stockholm at 2:20 PM the next day. The train then left the Swedish capital at around 4:20 PM, travelling back to Berlin. The train will run every day until September 4. After that, four or five trips will run every week until the end of November. # ⚓ Night_train_service_launched_between_three_EU countries⠀⇛ First trans-European night train Transdev and its Swedish subsidiary Snälltåget have inaugurated the first trans-European night train linking Sweden, Denmark and Germany. The inaugural trip took place on June 27 from Stockholm Central Station and arrived at Berlin Central Station (Hauptbahnhof) on June 28 making the trip 16 hours and 30 minutes long. q The train will run on the Stockholm – Copenhagen – Berlin line, replacing the old Malmö – Berlin line and is clearly in line with Snälltåget/Transdev’s ambition to revive night trains in Europe. The night train service will be delivered without public subsidies, using Transdev- Snälltåget own funds and will be supported only by the revenue from tickets sold to passengers. # ⚓ [Old] New_night_train_from_Berlin_to_Denmark_and Sweden_starts_Monday⠀⇛ Transdev and Snälltåget say it’s the first night train connection since the 1990s to run regularly between Sweden, Denmark and Germany. The service is part of a broader renaissance in European night trains brought on by the pandemic and growing concern over climate change. # ⚓ [Old] Night_trains_make_a_comeback_across_Europe⠀⇛ Demand has actually increased substantially, says Bernhard Rieder, spokesman for Austrian Railways (ÖBB), which runs the Nightjet and offers the most night train connections EU- wide, such as those from Munich to Rome and Hamburg to Zurich. “Since 2017-2018 there’s really been a boom in night trains.” Other railway companies that had already given up on the segment suddenly became interested in cooperating on night trains with the ÖBB, he says, leading to new night train connections including from Vienna to Berlin, and very recently, to Amsterdam. # ⚓ [Old] Belgian_company_joins_plan_to_launch_night train_to_Berlin,_Amsterdam,_Prague⠀⇛ Belgian night train operator Moonlight Express will expand its planned services between Brussels and Berlin to include stops in Amsterdam and Prague when it kicks off in 2022. # ⚓ To_Stop_Climate_Change_Americans_Must_Cut_Energy_Use by_90_Percent,_Live_in_640_Square_Feet,_and_Fly_Only Once_Every_3_Years,_Says_Study⠀⇛ Vogel and his colleagues set themselves the goal of figuring out how to “provide sufficient need satisfaction at much lower, ecologically sustainable levels of energy use.” Referencing earlier sustainability studies they argue that human needs are sufficiently satisfied when each person has access to the energy equivalent of 7,500 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity per capita. That is about how much energy the average Bolivian uses. Currently, Americans use about 80,000 kWh annually per capita. With respect to transportation and physical mobility, the average person would be limited to using the energy equivalent of 16–40 gallons of gasoline per year. People are assumed to take one short- to medium-haul airplane trip every three years or so. # ⚓ Climate_activists_appeal_decision_on_shale_oil plant’s_building_permit⠀⇛ At the start of June, the administrative court did not proceed with the nonprofit’s complaint which sought the annulment of the building permit granted to state-owned energy group Eesti Energia for the construction of a shale oil plant in East-Viru County. The circuit court must now decide whether or not to start handling the complaint within a reasonable time. The decision to appeal against the first-tier court’s judgement seemed like the only possible course of action, climate activist Kertu Birgit Anton said. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ October_2022:_Brazil,_Amazon,_World⠀⇛ Between Orellana and Bezos, attempts to plunder the Amazon have included the follies of El Dorado, ships carried over mountains (dismantled, by the Peruvian rubber baron Carlos Fermín Fitzcarrald and whole by obsessed filmmaker Werner Herzog), a lavish Belle Époque opera house complete with 198 chandeliers in Manaus, and the 5,509 square miles of Fordlândia, Henry Ford’s rubber colony, his “work of civilization”, an epic failure on the Tapajós River. These grandiose projects have taken, and are taking a terrible toll in human life, as detailed in the 7,000-plus pages of the 1967 Figueiredo Report. Lost “in a fire” the year it appeared and “rediscovered” with little ado in 2012, this document details the reality of crimes hiding behind ancient and modern rapacious fantasies and involving the connivance of the Indian “Protection” Service: rich landowners who attacked the Craos tribe and killed a hundred people; the aerial attack using dynamite that slaughtered the Cintas Largas Indians; the Maxacalis, given firewater by landowners whose gunmen shot them down when they were drunk; the Nhambiquera Indians, massacred by machine guns; two Patachós tribes exterminated with smallpox injections; the Beiços-de-Pau tribe, murdered with arsenic-laced food; and the Paraná Indians who were tortured by grinding the bones of their feet. After an official inquiry, 134 officials were charged with over 1,000 crimes but no one was jailed. In brief, every extractive project has entailed slave labor, land swindles, massacres, hired gunmen, and enormous environmental ruination. And now there is President Jair Messias Bolsonaro who claims that indigenous tribes want to “steal” the Amazon, that environmental organizations are deliberately setting fire to the jungle to make him look bad, and who wants to “open up” the jungle for mining, cattle-raising, and hydroelectric projects, all in the interests of his two key support groups, evangelical Christians and agribusiness. He believes it’s “a shame that the Brazilian cavalry hasn’t been as efficient as the Americans who exterminated the Indians”. If Bolsonaro is to be ousted in 2022, candidates who want to break with the past that weighs so heavily on the present will have to avoid what Marx warned of, and what Bolsonaro is still using to his own destructive advantage, namely conjuring up “spirits of the past… borrowing from them names, battle slogans, and costumes in order to present this new scene in world history in time-honored disguise…” o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Graphing_China’s_Cryptocurrency_Crackdown⠀⇛ Here is the hashrate graph. It is currently 86.3TH/ s, down from a peak of 180.7TH/s, so down 52.2% from the peak and trending strongly down. We may not have seen the end of the drop. This is good news for Bitcoin. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Human_Rights_Investigators_Probe_Deadly_Colombian Government_Crackdown_on_Protests⠀⇛ An international human rights commission has arrived in Colombia to investigate the right-wing government’s brutal crackdown on protesters after a general strike was called in April. More than 80 people have died since the protests began, with many killed by police and paramilitary forces. We go to Bogotá to speak with Mario Murillo, an award- winning journalist and professor who has closely reported on Colombia for decades and says the current round of violence is “a continuation” of a right-wing backlash to the 2016 peace accords between the government and FARC guerrillas, which ended more than 50 years of conflict. Murillo says right-wing forces have worked since the signing of that agreement “to completely derail that peace process” and crush social movements. # ⚓ For_China’s_Business_Elites,_Staying_Out_of_Politics_Is_No Longer_an_Option⠀⇛ The clampdown on Didi may have an even deeper impact. It is a strong signal from Beijing to discourage listings of Chinese tech companies in the United States, businesspeople and entrepreneurs said, especially as the two countries battle for tech supremacy. By going after Didi and a few other U.S.-listed internet companies for data security concerns, Beijing has effectively laid the last brick of the digital Berlin Wall that increasingly separates the Chinese internet from the rest of the world. Beijing has made it clear that it is serious about keeping important data within its borders while pressuring its tech elites, who are among the biggest beneficiaries of globalization, to show their loyalty and obedience, they said. # ⚓ A_decade_since_‘the_year_of_the_hacktivist’,_online protests_look_set_to_return⠀⇛ My research into hacktivism and cybercrime helps place hacktivism in its historical context – from which we can understand how, where and why hackers may soon resort once again to digital protest across the world. Hacktivism may have reached its peak a decade ago, but it’s been a feature of online activism since the early popularisation of the internet. Major hacktivist groups, such as the Electronic Disturbance Theater, the Electrohippies and Hacktivismo, were already active in the late 1990s. At the time, they supported the Zapatista movement in Mexico, protested global wealth inequality and flagged security issues in popular software. # ⚓ Putin_orders_foreign_tech_firms_to_set_up_offices_inside Russia⠀⇛ The companies must register a personal account on the website of Russia’s state communications regulator Roskomnadzor, Reuters reported today. “A foreign entity, carrying out activities on the internet in Russia, is obliged to create a branch, open an office or establish a Russian legal entity,” the new law says. # ⚓ Putin_signs_law_forcing_foreign_social_media_giants_to_open Russian_offices⠀⇛ In particular, they have objected in the past to political opponents of the Kremlin using foreign social media platforms to organise what they say are illegal protests and to publicise politically- tinged investigations into alleged corruption. Moscow has fined firms for failing to delete content it says is illegal, slowing down the speed of Twitter as punishment, and on Wednesday opened a new case against Alphabet (GOOGL.O) subsidiary Google for breaching personal data legislation. # ⚓ China’s_new_front_in_the_trade_war_with_Australia_— Africa⠀⇛ They call it “debt-trap diplomacy”. Easy credit extended on favourable terms when either no other country will, or global agencies such as the International Monetary Fund insist upon harsh reform measures such as stamping out graft and corruption. There comes a time, however, when the debts are called in. And it isn’t always in the conventional sense of repaying the cash. Sometimes, other means of repayment are required. China isn’t the first nation to employ this as an imperial strategy. But when it comes to Africa, it has turned the tactic into an art form. # ⚓ Conservative_social_networks_keep_making_the_same_mistake⠀⇛ The withering of Parler has not dissuaded other conservatives from attempting to build something similar. On Thursday, Politico reported that former members of Trump’s team were behind Gettr, an app whose stated mission is “fighting cancel culture, promoting common sense, defending free speech, challenging social media monopolies, and creating a true marketplace of ideas.” This is more or less what Parler set out to do. (Like Parler, Gettr is also essentially a Twitter clone.) But Gettr, by virtue of not having been used to help coordinate a violent insurrection against the government, started with a clean slate. # ⚓ Quitting_EU_adviser:_Gilles_de_Kerchove_invents_„left-wing terrorist“_threat⠀⇛ A handful of property damages in Italy could lead to left-wing activism being pursued more closely by police and secret services across the European Union. The initiative bears the hallmarks of the German Office for the Protection of the Constitution. Meanwhile, a package of measures against „violent right-wing extremism and terrorism“ has petered out. o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ Twitter_tests_new_misinformation_labels._Will_they backfire?⠀⇛ “Disputed,” “Misleading,” or “Stay informed?” As Twitter revamps its misinformation labels for better visibility and utility, concerns arise: Will these labels really help people discern facts? And do they allow Twitter to avoid more important content moderation work? o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ A_French_Teenager’s_Anti-Islam_Rant_Unleashed_Death Threats._Now_13_Are_on_Trial.⠀⇛ “I hate religion,” she declared. “The Quran is a religion of hatred.” She also used profanity to describe Islam and the crudest of imagery in referring to God. The ensuing onslaught of threats after the video went viral has landed 13 people in court on charges of online harassment. The case has put a spotlight on the roiling French debate over freedom of expression and blasphemy, especially when it touches on Islam. It is also a landmark test for recent legislation that broadens France’s definition of cyberharassment in regards to attacks on the internet, where vitriol is plentiful, modulated debate less so. # ⚓ Twitter_bans_senior_German_politician_for_writing_about increasing_migrant_violence⠀⇛ Papke does not want to put up with this, he is taking action against the ban. Of course, hatred and denigration must be fought everywhere – also on the internet, says Papke. “But it can’t be that unpleasant truths are suppressed just because some don’t want to hear them.” His lawyer had set Twitter a deadline to unblock the account. o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Free_Press_Advocates_Call_on_Biden_to_Dismiss_Trump’s Appeal_Against_Assange⠀⇛ # ⚓ What_is_Biden_waiting_for_on_the_Julian_Assange_case?⠀⇛ Icelandic hacker Sigurdur Ingi Thordarson, also known as “Siggi the hacker”, recently told Icelandic outlet Studin that Assange did not instruct him to hack into any government agencies nor private companies in Iceland. The admission is important: the US government case against Assange — which could result in a 175-year prison term for the Wikileaks founder — relies on Thordarson’s claim that Assange recruited him to hack Icelandic both public and private entities and provide Wikileaks with the classified material. With this allegation debunked, the Biden administration is left with even less of a reason to continue the Trump-initiated case against Assange and a free press. # ⚓ Marianne_Williamson_calls_on_Biden_to_drop_efforts_to extradite_Assange⠀⇛ “What Assange revealed here was torture and rape and murder. What he revealed was up to 15,000 more civilian deaths than we had even known… this is about the U.S. war machine, about the fact that it is a very very big business. It is very well funded. We are not supposed to question the funding and we are not supposed to question what they do,” she said. Williamson spoke to Hill.TV shortly after Sigurdur Thordarson, a key witness against Assange, admitted to falsifying claims against Assange to gain American immunity. Williamson argued that this new information would “destroy” the U.S. case against Assange. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ The_UN_adopts_Black_Lives_Matter,_is_mum_on_persecuted Christians⠀⇛ “United Nations, your silence is getting worse. .. Please, please, please stand on the side of the helpless … One of my colleagues, the Reverend, was slaughtered with his wife and children, and I was right there … Now we are ready to make our last prayers, as an Islamic agenda is taking over the nation …. Women are dying every day, men are dying. What do you want us to do? “. But Ms. Bachelet, like other UN grand commis, was committed to caring about “systemic racism” in a democracy that twice elected an African American as president and even against Italy, where she wanted to send inspectors. For persecuted Christians, the UN’s farce has the flavor of tragedy. # ⚓ Tibetan_monks_charged_in_secret_Chinese_trials_with_unknown offences,_sparking_renewed_concerns⠀⇛ China still maintains that Tibet is an “integral” and “inseparable” part of its territory, but many Tibetans’ allegiances lie with their spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama. Thousands of Chinese troops invaded Tibet in 1950 and incorporated the region into China’s territory the following year, which Beijing refers to as “peaceful liberation”. After the failed Tibetan uprising in opposition to Chinese rule in 1959, the 14th Dalai Lama fled to India where he still lives in exile today. Many of the region’s monasteries were destroyed during China’s Cultural Revolution in the 1960s and 70s, and many Tibetans were also believed to have been killed. # ⚓ Brussels_bikini_warning_reopens_debate_on_appropriate clothing_in_public⠀⇛ “My main annoyance was that, in a multi-cultural society like the one we live in here, where there are so many cultures with so many different standards, the way the so-called rules worked was again stacked against women,” she said. # ⚓ Iceland’s_four-day_working_week_trials_an_‘overwhelming success’,_report_finds⠀⇛ Research into the trials, published this month by researchers from the UK think tank Autonomy and Iceland’s Association for Sustainable Democracy (Alda), noted that following the trials’ success, trade unions “achieved permanent reductions in working hours for tens of thousands of their members across the country”. In total, roughly 86 per cent of Iceland’s entire working population has “now either moved to working shorter hours or have gained the right to shorten their working hours”, the report found, adding that such reductions were won in contracts negotiated between 2019 and 2021. # ⚓ Four-day_week_‘an_overwhelming_success’_in_Iceland⠀⇛ The trials, in which workers were paid the same amount for shorter hours, took place between 2015 and 2019. Productivity remained the same or improved in the majority of workplaces, researchers said.s # ⚓ Why_Is_It_So_Hard_To_Sue_a_Bad_Cop?⠀⇛ Vindicating your rights in court is a cornerstone of the rule of law. As the famous British jurist William Blackstone observed, “in vain would rights be declared, in vain directed to be observed, if there were no method of recovering and asserting those rights, when wrongfully withheld or invaded.” Blackstone’s dire scenario resembles what is happening in the United States today in cases like Byrd v. Lamb. File suit for damages against a lawless federal officer, and the federal courts likely will toss the suit in the name of following precedent. As Willett noted in his judicial protest, “redress for a federal officer’s unconstitutional acts is either extremely limited or wholly nonexistent, allowing federal officials to operate in something resembling a Constitution- free zone.” How did this sorry state of affairs come to pass? o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Reviving_Bill_C-10:_CRTC_Re-Opens_Data_Gathering_Plans_To Require_Disclosures_from_Internet_Streaming_Services⠀⇛ The consultation also asks for views on what an appropriate threshold would be for these requirements, which will provide the first hint of what the culture lobby has in mind with respect to thresholds exempting some services from Bill C-10 style regulatory requirements. That information will be useful, but the bigger issue is that in the absence of Bill C-10, the CRTC has opened the door to another legal showdown over the scope of its regulatory power. That may provide an advance preview of Canada’s effort to apply its rules to services operating around the world with the possibility that in the absence of Bill C-10, the entire exemption for digital media services will be revisited. Bill C-10 may soon be dead, but Ian Scott and the CRTC are seemingly itching to apply their regulatory muscle with or without legislative reform. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ USPTO_on_Pace_to_Again_Issue_200+_Discretionary Denials_in_2021⠀⇛ Even as Athrex was looming in the background, the PTAB has still managed to deny 104 petitions on procedural ground thus far in 2021. What is interesting, though, is the first quarter saw a combined total of 74 denials on procedural ground, while the second quarter saw a dip, to 30. As projected, discretionary denials are on pace to be just slightly lower in 2021 than in 2020 overall—and that is with more institution decisions in general set to issue. [...] That said, the speed of resolution in patent cases across all districts has risen substantially, even as COVID restrictions have begun to lift; the significant backlog is, rather than dissipating, apparently increasing time-to-resolution across the country. Compared to last quarter, every district has increased their length to termination. The District of Massachusetts time-to-termination has increased by nearly two months, and the WDTX’s has increased by almost a month, even including the unusually high rate of quick settlement there. That said, the time-to-trial in the Western District of Texas’ Waco division is 20.48 months (in the mere 20 trials Judge Albright has presided over date); for the seven patent cases he has held, the average time-to-trial is a few days under two years, or 24 months—roughly five months beyond the ambitious target his scheduling orders set. Source: Lex Machina Database (Updated Jul. 6, 2021). The early termination averages in the Western District are driven primarily by hundreds of quick settlements. # ⚓ China’s_electric_VW_Beetle_knockoff_shows_up_in patent_images⠀⇛ # ⚓ ViCo_oral_proceedings_on_the_legality_of_ViCo_oral proceedings_–_G1/21,_The_Sequel [Ed: First article on the attempt by EPO to break_the_#law_and_then_do_“legal fudge”]⠀⇛ The re-scheduled Enlarged Board of Appeal (EBA) oral proceedings for referral G1/21 (ViCo oral proceedings), were held last Friday. The EBA did not announce a decision during proceedings and we now await a written decision. The EBA oral proceedings were themselves plagued by technical issues that, unfortunately for the EPO, were not a great advertisement for the benefits of ViCo proceedings. For critics of ViCo, these difficulties were an ironic reminder that ViCo cannot be considered equivalent to in- person proceedings. However, the fact that the oral proceedings were conducted by ViCo meant that anyone was able to watch proceedings in the referral without the inconvenience and expense of attending the EPO in-person. The proceedings thus will have received an audience far wider than would otherwise have been the case. So where does the balance between fairness, efficiency and justice lie? [...] An interesting exchange between the EBA and the President’s representative concerned the question of whether the preference of EPO users should influence the EPO’s decision on ViCo oral proceedings. The EBA noted the many amicus curiae arguing against mandatory ViCo oral proceedings (about 30 of the total 50 amicus curiae submitted on the referral). In response, the President’s representative noted that parties have been overwhelmingly in favour of oral proceedings by ViCo. Furthermore, before oral proceedings by ViCo were mandatory, only 300 oral proceedings by ViCo were held, with one party in the dispute being able to stall proceedings for all the others. Since oral proceedings by ViCo have become mandatory, 3000 oral proceedings by ViCo have taken place. As such, it was argued, oral proceedings by ViCo provides quick access to justice and early legal certainty for the parties involved. However, the relevance of the statistics and user feedback cited by the EPO are questioned by critics, who note that we are still in the midst of a pandemic. Whilst ViCo oral proceedings have been essential for keeping the process of justice going during the extraordinary circumstances of a global crisis, it is argued that this does not justify a change to ViCo oral proceedings once the current crisis has been overcome. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ ACE/MPA_Seize_Dozens_Of_Pirate_Streaming_Domains, Demand_Data_on_Dozens_More⠀⇛ The Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment and partners the MPA have seized dozens of pirate-streaming related domains. In addition, the anti-piracy giants are demanding information that will allow them to identify the operators of dozens more pirate streaming sites, including the massive Streamtape.com and others involved in the supply of IPTV packages. # ⚓ Stream-Rippers_Fight_‘Dangerous’_Data_Logging_Order in_Court⠀⇛ The Russian operator of YouTube-rippers FLVTO.biz and 2conv.com has asked a federal court in Virginia to annul a recent data logging order. The magistrate judge required the sites to keep extensive logs of user activity and hand these over to the major record labels. This order was legally incorrect and violates privacy laws in other countries, the defense now argues. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5960 ➮ Generation completed at 02:41, i.e. 57 seconds to (re)generate ⟲