𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Sunday, August 29, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Mon 30 Aug 02:39:48 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmXBU6oKqgN1Lsd8vCX9iBHiUi66fm8iL3uXsJgyh4LH33 QmW2EY2r5wFnfosCfi1BSdBM7GSdTj92HYk4q7e3g7b9WR QmSkz4YGj3vTuC8Q6t7fPmQkSbvtThba65AHUjyotSbHLW QmWZ187KL1KiuWZ2T69aUFqaDmvDMVo7e6ALsQCK58yNP1 QmY1VJmnrgnvD1UeZntn4kd7Q7Jkehp6eqZHBkGEiqnTdi QmaFyToU47jF5UkU2CTtva1HKGz8X6fJ9MiRnoN9EVF2PR QmfBw8KjEL4jUBLnCDfDMTME9vkCdKPKjn6wFninkuMEkV QmPdYmkA2hjyfyb9e14JCR2pZHcisLHLdZcWJARrrMyhgf Qmb89E6YUPLiH43tv6JNBD4QzFumg2nk2gABmYEbbPv2KP QmXVwu1HjvyJZ3HSFKoFGkBp26Y9G8sfvY6NBAe4KoK6Kp QmTLQpRMfp5Xuv2kMCWwSjxTme9kskdKXqZpqfxd5zsmov QmcubXjcuiSF5gQxJNabrv13YYnkPN8KBRSZhsg2QJcYJy QmRxveENRZAwTLnQcdiQ3CcBn7PwZvo2AFewmw5wDihmMW QmYmEgmfDVPvkfgUa7fsqSMDGZcBioYrEM8ofgP9Yru19n QmPu1rCtSaePMTdT5kGeHHLrZSeZxigNsCj2qnwNcQFhkV QmYGEn3vvtL9MNwJ6i1VEHszMRzevprL1qcHGvx2WA4383 QmdPMxWWqwFAPqCpv9ey72fyHBUtghNQZapMKEj29ot4TQ QmZUUdzxkRTs82iUy2v4eYvj82bQspLfqR1XFp3uBCrVP6 QmdX2s2SqVdLGeDkdkKttPs5yTYJsLmp17uRadMNJPA8o7 QmUXymcWet2q8wd2Hy25EsDQJiht7qrueqsECpz6D9G3Di QmbgQV95aJhhYgZGckMiakNeEJ9krzrNcrk4zKkbrd4BuL ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Fixing Elections, Scoring Points Behind Closed Doors | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Saturday, August 28, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ Linux Turns 30 as Windows Market Share Falls Below 30% | Techrights ⦿ Elected Like a Mafia Don, Governing the EPO Like a Mafioso... | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Monkey See, Monkey Do (Secret Meetings in Eastern Forests) | Techrights ⦿ EPO Exposé: The Besieged Baltic States – Part VII – A Self-Appointed “Select Committee” | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/epo-french-revolution/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/irc-log-280821/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/linux-30/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/mafioso-at-epo/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/remotely-controlled-votes/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/self-appointed-select-committee/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/kde-pim-updates/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/osfc-2021/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 63 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/epo-french-revolution/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/epo-french-revolution/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Fixing_Elections,_Scoring_Points_Behind_Closed_Doors⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 2:53 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇One_more_vote..._Roland_Grossenbacher,_you_son_of_a_gun!⦈_ Summary: After driving out the President of the EPO (Brimelow) the pseudo- ’alphamale’ from France stole her seat and we’re meant to think of it as “social democracy” THE BEAST from the east Shaking his fist Emerging from_the_mist President at the very least “EPO starting to reek”EPO doomed to fail Benoît_Battistelli avoids jail António_Campinos keeps him out on bail Diplomatic immunity as a veil Europe’s reputation at risk People getting sick EPO starting to reek Run by a total dick █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⡄⠠⣶⡶⠶⠶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣷⠘⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣀⣴⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠺⣷⢠⣤⢘⣿⠆⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠘⠛⠃⠘⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣤⡶⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠓⠦⣤⣀⣼⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠒⢻⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⡄⢤⣴⣷⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣄⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⣻⣿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣏⠁⢹⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠰⢶⠄⠛⠿⣿⣿⣮⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⢋⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣷⣦⡼⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠰⠊⢉⣽⣶⣿⣿⣿⣯⣁⠈⢻⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠙⠟⢿⡿⠿⠿⠇⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠥⠌⠙⠦⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣦⡈⠉⣭⣭⡙⢛⣙⡛⠿⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣷⢠⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣶⣶⠀⣿⠃⣤⣤⣤⡀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠙⡿⠿⠿⠿⣦⣤⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣴⣦⣄⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠉⠉⣼⣿⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣴⣶⣿⣷⣦⡙⢋⣤⣤⣉⣉⡛⢿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⡇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣻⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⡿⢰⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣼⣿⡿⠀⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⡇⠈⢥⣿⡇⢸⣿⡏⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⢀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⠇⣾⣿⣿⠉⢭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠋⠀⠐⠛⠿⠀⠿⢿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣷⣶⠂⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢇⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣈⣉⣉⣠⣿⣄⠛⠻⠃⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⠀⢻⣿⣷⣾⣿⡿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣸⣿⡿⢠⣿⣿⡇⠨⣾⣿⡃⡀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⡆⢠⣤⣄⡀⠉⣉⣉⡙⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⢷⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⠀⠈⠉⢉⣉⣀⠘⠛⠿⠇⠿⠿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⡟⠳⠶⡾⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⠿⣿⣷⡀⣿⣶⣶⣶⣤⡤⣥⣬⣉⣁⡀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣶⣦⣤⣤⣈⣩⣴⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⡇⣼⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠇⠉⣽⣿⣿⠛⠃⣿⣿⡿⠿⠇⢸⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠀⢀⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⣀⠙⠻⣿⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⣄⡙⢿⣿⣿⠟⠛⢹⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡿⠀⢠⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⠿⠿⢠⣿⣧⣄⠈⠓⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢠⣤⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⢉⠁⠀⡙⠛⠦⠈⠁⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⠁⠀⣸⣿⣿⣀⣈⣉⣙⠛⠛⠓⠀⠈⠻⠅⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠉⠃⠘⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠭⠀⢸⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠀⠀⠛⠻⠿⠿⠇⢿⣿⣸⣿⣷⣷⡆⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠒⠒⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣈⣉⣁⣾⣷⣄⣀⣀⣀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠄⠀⣀⣤⣴⡿⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠐⠁⠈⠻⠓⢺⠟⠒⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠴⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠃⠀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⠿⢿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠆⠀⠈⣿⣿⡿⠫⣭⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⢾⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢹⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠈⢿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣰⣿⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠘⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡞⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣦⣠⣄⠀⢀⣠⡆⠹⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣾⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢘⣿⢷⣶⡄⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡏⠀⢰⣚⡂⡀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⢛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣶⢤⣿⢠⣼⣿⣶⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣉⣿⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⠃⠹⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠀⠶⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣭⣝⣛⠿⣛⣛⡻⢟⣛⢿⡿⠟⠻⠿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⡠⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⠁⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣧⣿⡇⣶⡶⣶⡄⠀⢰⣦⣤⣲⣄⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢻⣷⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠀⣸⣟⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⠙⠿⢿⣿⠏⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣿⡸⢿⣘⠿⠾⠟⠸⠿⠶⢿⡟⣿⣇⣿⠻⣿⣇⣿⣧⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢻⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣦⣄⢠⣤⣬⣝⢛⣭⣭⡙⢛⣻⣝⡻⢟⣛⣛⠿⣟⡛⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠤⢤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⣀⣀⢀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠘⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⡆⢸⣿⣘⣛⢸⣿⣼⡿⢸⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⡹⠟⣿⣏⠿⠇⣿⡟⠃⣿⣧⣿⡇⣿⡿⣶⡄⢰⣶⣶⢀⣴⣶⣦⡉⣶⡯⣭⡍⣭⣭⡍⣭⣭⣍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣇⢸⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⢹⣷⣸⣿⣸⣿⢠⣽⣿⣧⣈⡻⣿⡆⣿⡿⠇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡷⣿⡁⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠟⠿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣏⡁⣿⣯⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣮⣛⣉⣛⣘⣛⣛⣛⣘⡻⢟⣃⣘⠿⠿⢋⠻⠷⠿⠃⢿⣷⡆⣿⠹⣿⣧⣿⣷⣿⢷⣿⠿⣿⣼⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣏⣱⣿⣿⣿⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠶⠶⠾⠟⠩⣭⢩⣭⢍⣭⣭⡙⢫⣙⣛⣛⢿⡿⣛⣛⡻⠿⢟⡓⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⡶⠶⢦⣤⣤⣮⣭⣤⣭⣥⣭⣉⣥⣌⣛⣘⣛⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⢸⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣹⣿⣸⣿⣾⣿⠈⢸⣿⡹⠿⢸⣿⢻⣷⢸⣿⣸⣿⠸⢣⣾⢿⣶⢰⣶⣶⣎⡟⣵⣶⡌⢻⡟⣩⣤⣭⠉⣭⡍⣍⡛⣛⡛⣛⡓⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠸⢨⣹⢿⣦⣾⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣦⠸⢁⣿⢿⣷⢸⢠⣿⡇⠿⠇⣿⣇⣿⣇⣿⣧⣿⠇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣘⣛⣴⣜⡛⢛⣃⡙⠿⠿⣃⣶⡘⠿⠾⠟⠹⣿⣿⠏⣼⡏⣿⣿⢠⢸⣿⣼⡿⢸⣿⢀⡾⢸⣿⢾⣿⠈⢸⣿⣻⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣬⣭⣴⣮⣭⣾⣷⣍⣉⣈⣛⣠⣦⣛⣛⣛⣂⡛⠿⢟⡸⠿⠸⠿⠰⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣄⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠻⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 184 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/irc-log-280821/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/irc-log-280821/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Saturday,_August_28,_2021⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:58 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-techrights- 280821.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-280821.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-social-280821.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-techbytes- 280821.txt 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmSZUQFwPQKwWXL9cGP8igBow7PYD2MfUk1KtE6Y6rXtwk #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmSaPPqkh9NY5V7VrhLZZvWMbascxhFdkeoZVD3kGKXrMc (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmNidxkahnmpk9hBCzuMfxiuDsTCVtNMcoeL3PpErVbBcj social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmPtXEKFFMnF3ktae3vrGQLgoMojhQBR5jkmemrcoBhmqW social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmT9B59PVTUNBJXB6hroo4uCtQ12RBe3FXw2Q39utEbD4c #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmbpzK7a3aRsXWmr51nNDUfLL6g7UWDYBrg5xTBq6zGuGK (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmUiSEB7VgcHJ5SCLo8iuwXPUvPbc5EJN8Dy5q9rbJfbP9 #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmQDcuH3LpLfMoUcnWZE5Twp1DPE4XpDrKKe4Exvx8qTNM (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmbgQV95aJhhYgZGckMiakNeEJ9krzrNcrk4zKkbrd4BuL ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 310 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/linux-30/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/linux-30/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Linux_Turns_30_as_Windows_Market_Share_Falls_Below_30%⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, GNU/Linux, Google, Kernel, Microsoft, Windows at 6:03 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum ea4893af387306b6eb8e46e9d2d32748 http://techrights.org/videos/linux-30th-anniversary.webm Summary: Linux is 30, Android is Linux-based, and Windows is smaller than Android in terms of market share; but the biggest challenge right now is bringing software freedom to more people EVERYBODY has been speaking about Linux_turning_30 (although the actual anniversary of importance is debatable, as Alex_Oliva_explained_last_week). “…Android is one of the Linux-based operating systems that harm one’s privacy and freedom (even if AOSP is mostly Free software) because it comes with loads of proprietary “apps” and typically tracks locations.”No doubt Linux “has won” so to speak; but Linux_is_not_software_freedom, it is just a GPL-licensed kernel which many freedom-respecting operating systems use for practical/ pragmatic reasons (Linux has very extensive hardware support that is almost impossible to match). As noted in_the_video_above, Android is one of the Linux- based operating systems that harm one’s privacy and freedom (even if AOSP is mostly Free software) because it comes with loads of proprietary “apps” and typically tracks locations (see “Google’s_Software_is_Malware”). The Linux (or GNU linux-libre) work by Oliva mostly involves ‘taming’ Linux to make it more freedom-respecting, in turn allowing freedom-oriented distros to avoid the more malicious parts of Linux. Oliva’s work is invaluable! “The Linux (or GNU linux-libre) work by Oliva mostly involves ‘taming’ Linux to make it more freedom-respecting, in turn allowing freedom-oriented distros to avoid the more malicious parts of Linux.”In the video above I’ve repeatedly alluded to how ubiquitous Android became (one might say “popular”, but that’s not the same thing). Android news is everywhere, all the time, very likely outpacing Windows ‘news’ (mostly paid-for vapourware and puff pieces) because billions of people care about their phones and tablets more than laptops and desktops. There are also tons of anniversary articles about Linux, including some from Android-focused news sites. There’s growing recognition that Linux “has won” in some sense or some senses. At whose expense? Mostly Windows! 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Android versus Windows⦈ Microsoft is doing so poorly that it’s buying vendors and rebranding them “Azure” (in order to fake_'growth'), pretending that Azure is somehow an “operating system” now (it is not; they also reused_the_brand_"Surface"_in_this_way). Things have gotten so bad for Microsoft that we caught_Windows_at_28%_market_share earlier this year (here’s the_latest_data_in_OpenDocument_format) and right now it’s still hovering around 30% while Microsoft constantly makes false claims about its market power, in effect defrauding shareholders. Here’s Android/Linux versus Windows, as per the end of August; if Android is combined with ChromeOS and GNU/Linux (“proper”), we’re talking about something close to 50% market share. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⣿⡇⠐⣿⠂⠸⠟⠛⠿⠛⠋⠨⠟⠿⠛⢿⠉⢻⣿⡏⣤⣬⠀⠛⠻⡿⠛⠿⠻⠛⠟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⡇⣃⠁⣤⢸⠈⠅⠀⢸⡟⢀⠨⠀⠭⢬⠀⢿⣿⠷⠦⠀⠀⣾⡆⠃⠍⠈⢰⣾⠈⠬⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣦⣿⣷⣵⣶⣯⣾⣦⣴⣶⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣼⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣵⣷⣷⣴⣾⣾⣿⣶⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠄⢤⡄⢀⣠⢀⠀⠀⡀⡄⣄⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠉⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠀⣰⡆⡹⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠩⠉⠙⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠄⠀⠠⢤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡠⣤⣠⢄⣠⠀⠠⠄⣀⠀⠋⠊⠀⠅⠊⠃⡋⠠⠊⠃⠛⠋⠁⠁⠙⠁⠈⣁⢀⠀⡌⣧⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠒⠉⠀⠤⠆⠰⠦⠲⠶⠤⠄⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠈⠀⠇⠈⠀⠘⠀⠉⠉⠨⠈⠈⠉⠀⠈⠁⠁⠂⠀⠀⠠⠄⠤⠤⠶⠶⠶⠆⠐⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠲⠌⠁⠈⠉⠈⠁⠁⠿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡄⠈⠃⠈⢀⡄⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠚⠛⠋⠙⠋⠉⠋⠋⠋⠙⠒⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣮⠀⠀ ⠀⠑⠋⠉⠀⠠⠔⠔⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠙⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠺⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠱⠂⠏⠉⠘⠾⠿⠿⠟⠈⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡙⠽⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠭⠿⠭⠿⠟⠍⢛⠋⠿⠽⠯⠿⠛⠻⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡄⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣱⣶⠶⠠⠠⠀⠤⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡠⠤⡤⠠⠠⠔⠖⡒⠀⠦⣶⠆⢶⡴⠶⠤⣤⣄⣤⣥⣀⣈⡈⠉⠛⠛⢙⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⠿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⡿⠿⠿⠇⢿⣿⣿ ⣭⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣭⣥⣀⠀⣥⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⢌⠀⣤⣨⠀⢤⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⠀⠠⠀⢠⠀⡠⠁⢀⡀⠅⠀⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣥⡤⣄⣤⣀⡀⣀⣂⢀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⡄⢿⣿⣿ ⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣷⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣴⣦⣤⣴⣦⣤⣴⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣴⣤⣤⣷⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡇⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠙⠁⠀⠂⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠀⠈⢀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡀⡀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠠⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠍⠛⠛⠛⠙⠋⠋⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠐⠒⣿⣿ ⠐⠒⠁⡀⣠⣴⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣔⣲⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠅⡍⣿⣿ ⠈⠘⠛⠛⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣦⣀⣠⣀⡈⠉⠈⠉⠙⠓⠚⠃⠙⠉⠋⠙⠙⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠘⠛⠋⠃⠘⠛⠉⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⢉⠙⠙⠒⠋⠋⠛⠋⠉⠽⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠽⠝⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⢿⢿⠇⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣭⣥⣬⣥⣿⣽⣭⣬⣤⣤⣴⣦⣴⣤⣴⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣶⣬⣴⣵⣤⣶⣦⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣠⣄⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⡌⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⠟⠟⠙⠃⠉⠁⠙⠹⠿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡭⠯⠏⠻⠝⠍⠝⠝⠛⠛⠋⠛⠋⠉⠉⠈⢀⢂⢀⠀⡀⣀⣀⣀⡀⡈⠈⠋⠛⠉⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠓⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠑⠑⠂⠃⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠈⠐⠐⠒⠒⠉⠀⠊⠂⠁⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠀⠀⠐⠣⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠡⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠊⠡⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠠⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡅⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⡀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡃⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢁⠀⠠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠘⠠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⠙⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⠈⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠁⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡝⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⡀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠑⠀⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠃⠀⣄⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 444 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/mafioso-at-epo/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/mafioso-at-epo/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Elected_Like_a_Mafia_Don,_Governing_the_EPO_Like_a_Mafioso…⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Fraud, Patents at 4:05 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum a2c32791a78a323637f071e4ab7b26fc http://techrights.org/videos/buying-epo-elections.webm Summary: A video to accompany the just-released installment of a twenty-part series; it’s becoming ever more evident that Battistelli’s circle is part of a broader network of dodgy people, including convicted_fraudsters THE SEVENTH_PART of the series has just been published, revealing that the corrupt EPO (regime of Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos) was working behind the scenes to ‘fix’ the outcome of an important vote. Campinos will be the subject of the next part, which we shall publish tomorrow (Monday) or early on Tuesday. There’s a lot more to come… “We need to understand what sort of people are responsible for this agenda, which occasionally overlaps Team UPC’s.”For those of us who have long wondered why EPO management crushes human rights and gets away with it, almost every single time, all this truly matters… a great deal. This same management suppresses the media, bribes academia, then attacks courts and judges to ‘fix’ the outcome of cases, including some cases regarding European_software_patents. We need to understand what sort of people are responsible for this agenda, which occasionally overlaps Team UPC’s. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 492 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/remotely-controlled-votes/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/remotely-controlled-votes/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Monkey_See,_Monkey_Do_(Secret_Meetings_in_Eastern_Forests)⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 1:35 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇You're_Good_Friend_of_Estonia_and_a_Steady_Cooperation Partner._Always_vote_for_Battistelli_and_his_proposals._Aye!⦈_ Summary: What happens to the EPO when nations_like_Estonia_are_'remotely controlled'_by_a_neighbour and convicted_fraudster ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠛⠛⢛⠟⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⠄⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣝⣟⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣞⣍⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⣿⣿⠆⠀⢀⣼⢾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠉⠻⢛⠙⢿⣿⣟⠸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣆⠀⠘⠰⠊⠛⢿⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢷⣖⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠌⠓⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⠶⢾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⡄⠀⣸⣿⡄⡄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠠⡀⢩⣛⣿⣿⣿⢰⠀⡁⢀⣿⣿⣿⡏ ⣿⣿⡿⠏⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡾⣷⣶⣼⣯⣭⣭⣽⡛⣁⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠐⠉⣙⣿⣿⣆⢪⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⡏ ⣿⡷⠻⠀⠂⣴⠞⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠸⠇⣿⣿⢿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⡿⠅⣾⣻⣷⣿⣧⣶⣶⣴⣮⡝⢦⡏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣿⣦⣶⣴⡤⣤⣤⢠⣈⡩⠀⣉⠙⠛⠛⠀⠻⠿⠹⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠏⠙⢻⣼⡿ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠣⠿⢹⣿⣇⣿⣿⣓⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣼⣿⣿⣟⠃⣶⢦⣶⣦⣤⣤⣠⣄⣈⣉⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣷ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣉⡉⡉⠉⠛⠛⠀⠻⠿⠹⠏⠠⣿⣵⣿⡇⣾⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣧⣿⡇⡄⠀⠀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⠀⣶⣆⢀⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⡈⣀⡉⡈⠛⠋⠛⠛⠺⠿⠿⠇⢠⣶⣶⣦ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⣤⡀⣀⡀⢀⠀⠛⠙⠛⠻⠿⠿⠟⢰⣿⣿⢠⣿⡇⣾⢇⣿⢶⣿⣧⣿⣿⢿⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡛⣷⣶⢰⣶⢠⣤⣤⣄⣀⡉⣁⡉⠈⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠟⢼⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⣸⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣦⣤⣀⣀⣤⣀⡀⠀⣭⣽⣬⣟⣉⣛⠋⠿⠀⠿⠥⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡏⣾⢿⣿⣯⣿⣿⢀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⢤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠓⠺⣧ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⡀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠙⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠉⠉⠀⠀⠒⠀⠉⠈⠁⠉⠘⠛⠙⠻⠏⠸⠏⢱⡿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡏⣾⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⢿⣻⣸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣦⣁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⡦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠋⠛⠘⠓⠿⠿⣻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⣿⣿⣶⣆⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢢⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⣄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣝⠻⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⢻⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣽⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡸⢸⣴⣻⣶⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠟⠛⣻⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢄⠸⣿⢻⣭⢿⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠻⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡌⢉⠻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠈⣼⠌⢿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠹⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢹⣿⣇⣿⢸⣷⣿⣾⢷⣿⡇⣷⡿⣶⣷⠄⠀⠀⠠⣄⣶⣌⢆⠓ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠙⠀⠀⠀⠈⢧⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠻⠿⠿⠾⠿⢻⣿⣼⣿⡇⣿⡇⣾⣿⠆⠀⠀⡐⢻⣿⡟⠋⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠰⣲⣆⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣆⣴⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣀⣀⡀⣈⣉⠀⠀⠀⠛⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣶⣤⠶⠾⠟⠛⠛⠉⠙⣯⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⢿⣿⣿⢸⡿⢸⡷⠀⣾⡷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢆⡈ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠉⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⣡⣄⡀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣈⣉⡀⠙⠉⠘⠃⠘⠛⠀⠛⠃⠻⠿⠻⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⣶⣦⡀⠱ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⣧⣿⣷⢹⡏⢹⣿⢻⡇⣿⡿⢻⣿⢻⡷⢲⡆⣴⡆⣶⠀⢠⣤⢠⣄⣬⣧⣼⡻⠻⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠚⠻⠟⠿⠸⠇⠸⠏⢸⡷⣾⣿⢸⡏⢸⣏⣼⣇⣿⣃⣿⠀⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⢲⣆⣶⣮⠛⣥⣤⣠⣤⣄⣀⣄⢀⣀⡉⢈⣉⠉⣉⢭⡤⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⢸⣯⣿⣷⠀⣿⠿⢻⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⣿⣿⢸⡇⣾⡳⢶⢶⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠙⠋⠀⣛⣼⣘⣛⣃⣻⣟⣹⣧⣇⠿⠿⡻⣿⢿⡿⣿⣾⣧⣾⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠎⠉⠏⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣆⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⡇⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣀⠀⢀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀⠀⠀⢠⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⠇⠀⠀⠸⠁⠘⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣯⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠊⠥⠐⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⡘⠄⠙⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢨⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣄⠀⠠⣤⣭⣈⣀⣀⡀⠀⠐⠀⠈⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠻⣶⣤⠈⠻⢿⣿⡿⠁⢸⠃⣶⣪⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠁⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⢩⣤⢸⣟⣅⠀⠀⢈⣷⣶⢁⡍⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠘⣿⡛⠛⠉⠛⠀⠀⠹⣿⣆⡀⠼⠿⠃⢸⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢻⣿⣗⡒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⠖⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⡆⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣆⢰⣤⢠⣤⢬⣭⣥⢠⣤⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣄⠀⢀⣤⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢰⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⡏⣼⣿⣉⢸⣿⠿⠟⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⢣⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣾⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠛⢸⣿⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠋ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠘⠛⠂⠿⠿⠀⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 579 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/08/29/self-appointed-select-committee/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/08/29/self-appointed-select-committee/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_VII_–_A_Self-Appointed_“Select Committee”⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 2:15 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Series index: 1. EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_I_–_More_Captured Delegates? 2. EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_II_–_Old_Wine_in_New Bottles… 3. EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_III_–_Introducing_the Finnish_“Facilitator” 4. EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_IV_–_Martti_Enäjärvi_and His_“Good_Brother”_Networks 5. EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_V_–_A_Man_With_a Conviction… 6. EPO_Exposé:_The_Besieged_Baltic_States_–_Part_VI_–_“A_Good_Friend_of Estonia_and_a_Steady_Cooperation_Partner” 7. You are here ☞ A Self-Appointed “Select Committee” 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Tallinn_Conspiracy⦈_ Summary: The official records of the Estonian Patent Office confirm that a delegation consisting of Benoît_Battistelli, Martti_Enäjärvi, António_Campinos and João Negrão (above) visited Matti_Päts in Tallinn in January 2010. But what exactly was the purpose of this visit? As mentioned in the last part, the close connections of the Finnish delegate Martti Enäjärvi with the Estonian Patent office appear to have provided Battistelli with the entry point he needed for conducting his “Baltic Crusade” to “capture” the votes of those delegations during the EPO succession race of 2009/2010. “Although the evidence is largely circumstantial, when the dots are joined up there are clear signs of carefully orchestrated “collaboration” between Battistelli and Enäjärvi on the Baltic front at the beginning of 2010.”In this part we will examine the evidence for this hypothesis. Although the evidence is largely circumstantial, when the dots are joined up there are clear signs of carefully orchestrated “collaboration” between Battistelli and Enäjärvi on the Baltic front at the beginning of 2010. This was the crucial period when the Council delegates were preparing themselves for the March 2010 meeting and the next round of the voting procedure to elect a new EPO President. Previous attempts of the Administrative Council to elect a President in October and December 2009 had_failed (warning: epo.org link) because no candidate was able to command the required majority. The head of the Estonian delegation, Matti Päts, described [PDF] the deadlock at the EPO in his foreword to the 2009_Annual_Report [PDF] of the national patent office: The representatives of the Estonian Patent Office as the members of the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation took part in the elections of the new president of the European Patent Office at the regular meeting of the Administrative Council in December 2009. There were four candidates – from Switzerland, Denmark, France and Sweden. Despite several votings nobody got the required majority of votes. A large office needs a president and firm management, but it is difficult to tell how to achieve it. Here democracy reveals some obstacles. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Estonia_trip_of_INPI⦈_ Photo published in the 2009 Annual Report of the Estonian Patent Office. “This clue is in the form of a photo showing Benoît Battistelli and Gilles Requena, flanked by Matti Päts (on the left) and his deputy Toomas Lumi (on the right).”The 2009 Annual Report of the Estonian Patent Office also provides a clue to what was going on behind the scenes. This clue is in the form of a photo showing Benoît Battistelli and Gilles Requena, flanked by Matti Päts (on the left) and his deputy Toomas Lumi (on the right). The caption accompanying the photo reads: “Benoît Battistelli and Gilles Requena from the French National Institute of Industrial Property in the Estonian Patent Office.” No further information is provided about the circumstances in which the photo was taken. By a mysterious coincidence, the very_same_photo_reappears [PDF] in the 2010 Annual_Report [PDF] of the Estonian Patent Office. This time the caption accompanying the photo is a bit more informative (emphasis added): The managerial staff of the Estonian Patent Office at a meeting with Benoît Battistelli, a_candidate_for_the_presidency_of_the_EPO, in January 2010. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Estonia_trip_of_INPI_(clearer)⦈_ Photo published in the 2010 Annual Report of the Estonian Patent Office. So now we know: the photo was taken in January 2010 and it shows “a candidate for the presidency of the EPO” on the occasion of a visit to the Estonian Patent Office. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Estonia_trip_of_INPI_-_text⦈_ Extract from the 2010 Annual Report of the Estonian Patent Office. A piece of text appearing on the next page of the report provides some additional context: Several members of the EPO Administrative Council paid a visit to the Estonian Patent Office: Benoît Battistelli, Gilles Requena, António Campinos, João Negrão and Martti Enäjärvi. The development trends of both EPO and OHIM were discussed with them. The impression give here is that this was just a routine meeting with members of the EPO Administrative Council to discuss “the development trends of both EPO and OHIM”. However, when the dots are joined up, it becomes apparent that the aforementioned “members of the EPO Administrative Council” had travelled to Tallinn for a very specific purpose. “However, when the dots are joined up, it becomes apparent that the aforementioned “members of the EPO Administrative Council” had travelled to Tallinn for a very specific purpose.”The group of delegates that visited Matti Päts in January 2010 consisted of the head of the French delegation (Battistelli) together with his valet from the INPI (Requena), the head of the Finnish delegation (Enäjärvi) and the head of the Portuguese delegation (Campinos) together with his deputy (Negrão). This self-appointed “select committee” had no known mandate from the EPO’s Administrative Council and it was clearly following its own agenda. The giveaway here is the presence of Gilles Requena who was not at that time – nor at any time since – a member of the EPO’s Administrative Council. “The giveaway here is the presence of Gilles Requena who was not at that time – nor at any time since – a member of the EPO’s Administrative Council.”In January 2010, Requena was Battistelli’s gofer at the INPI. As is well known, he followed his master to the EPO soon after Battistelli had taken up his new position as President in July 2010 and is now the EPO’s “Chief International and Legal Officer”. It’s fairly clear that the “select committee” which turned up in Estonia in the early days of 2010 was a pro-Battistelli delegation – led by Battistelli himself – and that its primary mission was to canvass support for his election as the next President of the EPO. “It’s fairly clear that the “select committee” which turned up in Estonia in the early days of 2010 was a pro-Battistelli delegation – led by Battistelli himself – and that its primary mission was to canvass support for his election as the next President of the EPO.”The presence of the Finnish delegate is of particular significance here given his recognised standing as “a good friend of Estonia and a steady cooperation partner”. It seems reasonable to conclude that Enäjärvi’s role at this meeting was to act as the intermediary or “facilitator” who would open doors for Battistelli in Estonia, as a bridgehead to the other Baltic States. Although we are not privy to what was discussed behind closed doors on that occasion, those involved appear to have obtained the outcome that they desired. “…Enäjärvi’s involvement in Battistelli’s EPO election campaign is confirmed by his submissions to the District Court of Helsinki during his trial for credit card fraud in October 2011.”Battistelli was elected as EPO President in March 2010 with the support of the Baltic delegates and he took up his new position on 1 July 2010. After securing a three year extension from the Administrative Council in 2015 – again with the support of the Baltic delegates – he finally departed on 30 June 2018. During his term of office Battistelli was consistently supported by the Baltic States who never once wavered in their loyalty to him. Before concluding, it’s worth noting that Enäjärvi’s involvement in Battistelli’s EPO election campaign is confirmed by his submissions to the District Court of Helsinki during his trial for credit card fraud in October 2011. On that occasion, Enäjärvi made the_following_statement [PDF] which was reported_in_the_Finnish_press: “At the turn of last year [2010], for example, there were a number of important foreign guests in connection with the election of the Director of the International Patent Office. I wanted to pay for it myself to avoid accusations of corruption. It was clearly a matter of official business anyway. Nor did I want to end up on the lists of Eurocard users published in the media.” “During his term of office Battistelli was consistently supported by the Baltic States who never once wavered in their loyalty to him.”The “International Patent Office” referred to here can_only_be_the_EPO as there was no election for the “director” of any other international office in progress at the time. The election of the Director-General of WIPO had taken place some years earlier in 2008. The clear and unambiguous inference which can be drawn from Enäjärvi’s statement to the District Court of Helsinki in October 2011 is that he was involved in entertaining “a number of important foreign guests” in connection with efforts to secure Battistelli’s election to the top job at the EPO. “It’s worth noting that he admitted that he was anxious to avoid accusations of corruption in connection with these activities and also that he did not want his expenditure to become the subject of media attention.”It’s also apparent that Enäjärvi used his official Finnish credit card to provide the cash to cover these expenses. It’s worth noting that he admitted that he was anxious to avoid accusations of corruption in connection with these activities and also that he did not want his expenditure to become the subject of media attention. What we don’t know is who the “important foreign guests” were and how much Enäjärvi splashed out to entertain them. It also isn’t clear is whether Finnish taxpayers are aware that official credit card facilities appear to have been used to bankroll Battistelli’s election campaign at the EPO. Due to his forced “retirement” in the summer of 2010, Martti Enäjärvi was no longer around to participate in the success of his “good brother” from the French INPI. “It also isn’t clear is whether Finnish taxpayers are aware that official credit card facilities appear to have been used to bankroll Battistelli’s election campaign at the EPO.”In a later part we will see how Enäjärvi managed to turn up to pay his respects in Tallinn in March 2012 when the Estonian Patent Office celebrated the 20th anniversary of its re-establishment. But we are not yet finished with our analysis of the secretive meeting which took place in Tallinn in January 2010. “But we are not yet finished with our analysis of the secretive meeting which took place in Tallinn in January 2010.”Stay tuned for the next part where we will look at another issue that seems to have been on the agenda on that occasion, namely the 2010 succession race at the EU trademark agency in Alicante (known as OHIM in those days). █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡋⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣤⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣧⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠙⣉⡉⠉⠛⢿⣷⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⡀⣤⢄⠀⠀⠈⢁⣤⣰⣿⣿⡒⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣷⣀⣸⣿⣴⢿⣿⣚⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣟⣿⣆⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢌⣱⠎⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢉⡉⢻⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠁⣠⣶⣝⢿⣯⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⢸⢰⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠧⠘⠛⠛⠛⠢⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⡇⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⢽⢙⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠒⠃⠀⠚⣻⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⡿⠁⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠋⣺⡆⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡀⣀⣶⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢕⢼⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⡑⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣥⣤⠄⠁⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠳⠶⢶⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠏⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟ ⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣛⡀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⠿⠿⠟⠒⠚⠛⠯⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣋⢡⢀⡀⣀⡴⢄⢰⡀⢄⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡛⠿⠑⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠐⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣋⣟⣉⣛⡛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠠⠀⠀⠬⢻⣿⣷⣄⣀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣘⣉⣿⣭⣤⣄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠃⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠋⢭⣿⣶⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢸⠂⠀⠀⠠⢤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠀⢠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠛⣡⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣤⡀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⣹⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⡟⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡝⠻⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠘⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠈⣿⡇⠀⢻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣉⣉⠀⣠⣶⣤⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠃⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢿⠃⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡐⠛⠋⠉⠙⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⡟⠻⢿⣿⣿⠣⠂⢚⣆⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣠⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⢲⣾⣿⣧⡀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠙⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡴⠒⠁⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠱⡲⣿⡿⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⠉⠘⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠉⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠉⡄⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠀⠄⠀⠀⠙⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡏⣭⡉⠉⣭⢹⢫⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⣿⣿⣄⠸⢀⡞⢱⠅⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⣛⣛⣹⠄⢾⡯⠆⠁⢀⣠⣤⣌⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢽⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⣭⣽⡇⠀⠀⠀⡁⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⡿⡂⠀⠀⣧⣿⣿⡟⣋⣒⡿⠛⣉⣉⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⢠⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⣩⡾⠁⠀⠰⣤⣈⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡿⢫⡞⣥⢀⣙⣟⡓⢨⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⡿⣡⣶⡆⢰⣨⡻⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣟⣧⠰⠀⢸⣿⣏⡵⢋⡮⠺⠿⣿⣟⠇⢻⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⣿⡿⠋⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠈⠋⠫⣱⠳⠱⠜⣾⣾⣧⣆⠸⣿⡾⣏⡿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣷⠄⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠛⠋⢸⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡏⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠇⢰⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠀⡾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠃⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢟⣡⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⡄⠈⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡏⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣟⢻⡟⣿⣿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⡟⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿ ⣿⣿⣦⢣⠸⣿⢸⢇⣿⣟⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⡇⠀⡀⡇⠀⡇⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⠀⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢽⣿⡇⣼⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⢿⠘⡼⡃⢺⠇⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⡇⠀⡇⡇⠀⡇⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠰⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣛⣯⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡨⣴⡫⣒⡰⠃⠁⠀⣀⣤⣄⡙⢿⣿⡇⡂⡇⠀⡇⡇⠀⡇⠀⢀⣤⣴⣤⡀⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣩⣽⣿⣾⡿⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣄⣄⢸⢘⡀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿ ⣿⣶⣶⣶⡻⠃⠸⠻⢩⡤⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠈⣿⡇⡇⠃⠀⡇⡇⠀⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣾⣯⣛⢿⡝⢀⣤⣄⣀⡈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣥⣄⠀⠀⣷⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿ ⣿⣥⣤⣽⡏⠀⢠⡤⣰⣧⣀⢹⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣾⡇⡇⠀⡄⡇⡇⡇⡇⢰⢲⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⢸⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡾⣣⣏⡆⣘⣛⣿⡿⠃⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣿⢸⠀⠀⢠⡇⡄⣿ ⣿⣟⣵⡟⢀⢅⠀⣶⣤⣓⠸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⡇⠀⡇⡇⡇⡇⣷⡃⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⣼⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣨⢟⣵⡿⡫⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣾⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡇⢠⠀⣿⢸⠀⠀⢸⡇⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢵⣵⣿⢰⣄⢽⣿⢰⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⡄⡇⡇⡇⡇⠟⠃⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠙⠻⠿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣡⢾⡟⢐⡏⡄⡿⢿⣷⢟⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⡃⣿⢸⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⣿ ⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠚⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠛⠃⠇⡇⡇⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⢿⣯⡿⠹⠼⠟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⠚⠿⣟⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠈⠉⠃⠛⠸⠠⠀⢸⠀⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣟⡉⢹⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠟⠋⠉⢀⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⠃⠘⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢡⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⢆⢰⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠀⢸⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡟⣾⢸⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⢘⡏⢿⠀⠀⣆⠈⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢋⣿⣼⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣾⣾⣇⢸⠀⣸⣿⠑⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠃⠀⠠⠀⠉⠉⢻⣿⢰⣿⡟⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢇⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣮⣠⣼⣿⠿⢰⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢸⣿⡿⠂⠚⢻⠃⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⣾⠏⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣵⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠜⠛⢋⣰⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⣠⣴⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣤⠀⠘⡿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣦⣤⣄⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⡄⠈⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣬⣉⡙⠀⣿ ⣿⠿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⡿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⡟⣿⠻⠛⠇⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢖⠉⠆⠐⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⣿⠟⢹⡟⢹⢉⣿⠉⣽⡏⣹⢩⣏⠩⣿⠉⣩⠟⢹⡿⢹⢉⣿⠉⣭⡿⢹⢿⡏⣹⡏⠹⣹⡟⠉⣽⣿⣿⠉⣭⡟⣩⢹⡟⣩⢹⡏⠩⣿⡍⣍⡟⢡⠈⡟⣡⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡏⣸⢇⡈⣸⣧⢀⣶⠇⡠⣾⠃⢠⣿⢠⠁⡾⠋⢸⡷⢰⣼⢃⣿⠁⠆⣽⢠⠁⡾⠋⢸⡿⢰⢿⣿⣿⠁⡦⣾⢰⢂⣿⢰⢂⡿⢠⣤⡏⠀⢾⠇⠀⣿⢋⢸⡷⢰⣼⠇⣾⠁⡆⣹⢣⠘⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⣻⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⣿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠟⢻⡟⠟⢿⠿⣿⡟⣻⢛⠛⡛⣿⡟⢻⠟⠻⠿⠟⡿⢿⠻⠿⠻⠿⠿⠟⠟⢿⠿⢿⡿⢛⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢻⢻⡿⠿⠿⠟⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣕⣨⣀⣆⣄⣃⣸⣙⣀⣿⣠⣸⣀⣲⣀⣇⣘⣀⣃⣸⣈⣿⣘⣀⣸⣇⣃⣇⣐⣾⣇⣒⣰⣇⣃⣿⣡⣌⣀⣀⣸⣀⣇⣠⣀⣨⣘⣨⣁⣇⣃⣄⣔⣸⣧⣈⣅⣠⣀⣄⣠⣈⣸⣸⡇⣃⣙⣀⣜⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠯⠿⠯⢻⣿⡟⠿⢿⣿⢻⠹⠿⢿⣿⠉⡽⠿⢻⠿⡿⢿⠽⠿⢿⢿⣿⠉⠻⠟⠻⠿⠿⠟⢻⡿⢩⠛⠙⠭⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠩⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⠍⢻⣿⠉⢹⠿⠟⡟⢽⠿⡟⢿⠏⠉⢭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣤⣼⣿⣤⣧⣥⣤⣬⣿⣧⣬⣼⣿⣬⣤⣤⣴⣿⣤⣭⣬⣬⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣼⣼⣿⣼⣤⣴⣤⣤⣼⣤⣼⣷⣬⣤⣤⣧⣬⣥⣤⣽⣿⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣬⣿⣤⣬⣤⣦⣧⣼⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠩⠭⢹⠉⡟⠻⢛⣿⣿⠉⠙⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⢻⠛⣿⣿⣿⠉⠟⡛⠙⢋⠟⡛⠹⡛⣿⣿⢩⣝⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⢛⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⠹⡛⡉⠙⡛⣿⣿⠙⠹⠛⢟⠛⢛⠉⢟⢻⣿⡟⠻⠛⢟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣮⣤⣼⣤⣧⣴⣤⣿⣿⣼⣤⣵⣄⣠⣤⣤⣧⣴⣤⣯⣿⣧⣶⣤⣧⣦⣬⣦⣧⣴⣥⣿⣿⣮⣤⣥⣼⣤⣀⣤⣤⣧⣬⣦⣬⣽⣿⣮⣴⣥⣬⣤⣥⣿⣿⣴⣼⣤⣎⣠⣤⣥⣮⣼⣿⣦⣴⣤⣮⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠏⠘⠛⢛⠉⢹⢺⡇⢰⢻⠛⠍⢺⠉⠛⡻⠓⣿⣿⡆⡆⡟⠛⢻⠛⠘⠛⡛⠛⠟⠸⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⢻⢹⡏⠙⡟⠟⢻⠛⡇⠛⣿⢛⠋⢸⡇⡟⢛⠋⡇⢻⡇⢰⢐⡈⣦⢹⡟⠛⠛⢻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣰⣶⣶⣷⣷⣷⣿⣷⣷⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣶⣄⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠰⠆⢘⢸⠀⡘⠀⣿⠉⠉⢉⠉⡍⡉⣿⠁⠀⠉⠍⠍⡏⢉⠍⠙⠉⠋⢸⡏⠉⠉⡅⡅⠙⣯⠀⠈⢉⠉⡍⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣷⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣿⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 990 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_29/8/2021:_Linux_5.15_Plans_and_KDE_PIM_Updates⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 5:27 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ This_Is_Fundamental_To_Linux_Adoption_–_Invidious⠀⇛ One mistake I see a lot of Linux users who want to see Linux adoption increase make is trying to convince people to fundamentally change the way they do there computing and not trying to understand why they use there computer the way they do. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ AMD_Yellow_Carp_+_Another_Water_Cooling_Pump_Head_To Linux’s_Hardware_Monitoring_Code_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The Linux hardware monitoring “HWMON” subsystem for the 5.15 cycle is already seeing the AMD SB-RMI driver and AMD Cezanne Zen 3 APU temperature monitoring while there was also some last-minute additions around AMD next-gen “Yellow Carp” temperature reporting and separately support for another water cooling pump. As noted in the exciting news this weekend about Mario Limonciello joining AMD’s Linux client CPU team, one of the tasks he’s been working on has been enabling k10temp temperature reporting for Yellow Capr APUs. Yellow Carp is the Linux codename for what is looking like will be the next-gen AM Ryzen 6000 mobile series “Rembrandt” APUs. # ⚓ Yet-To-Be-Released_Intel_“Bz”_WiFi_Chipset_To_Be_Supported By_Linux_5.15_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ While the Linux 5.15 merge window opening is imminent, merged today to net-next were the latest batch of wireless driver updates for this next kernel version. Notable to this batch of WiFi driver updates was the new Intel material. With this next kernel version the IWLWIFI driver used by current Intel WiFi chipsets now has support for discovery of hidden networks on the 6GHz band. Hidden 6GHz networks can now be discovered by the IWLWIFI driver when including the scan request direct SSIDs into the firmware scan request command. Previously there was no support in this Intel WiFi driver for being able to discover and connect to hidden 6GHz networks. # ⚓ Linux_5.15_To_Fix_Regression_In_Its_Floppy_Disk_Driver_– Phoronix⠀⇛ Near the beginning of the year was some rare work on Linux’s floppy disk driver and — a half-year later — it was found out that not only do people with systems using floppy disks still move to newer kernels, but that work earlier in the year had regressed the Linux kernel’s floppy disk handling. Now coming for Linux 5.15 is a fix. Since the changes to the floppy disk driver earlier in the year, the driver has continued to function but it silently and unintentionally altered some of the floppy disk handling code — previously the kernel with the O_NDELAY flag would allow opening a floppy device even without a disk being inserted. The updated Linux kernel would yield an error if opening a floppy device without the media/disk inserted. Additionally, it broke opening up of floppy disks that are write-protected. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Top_8_File_Backup_Apps_for_Linux⠀⇛ The availability of cheap storage and affordable tech has enabled people to become tech-savvy. Despite the levels of technological advancements, people always prefer to use the old, tried-and- tested backup methods to safeguard their data against any potential data losses. Operating systems are becoming better at avoiding fatal system crashes, which result in data losses. Nevertheless, since such losses are inevitable, enterprises and general users need to ensure maximum data security via regular data backups. Here are the top 8 apps best suited for enterprise and general users to backup their system files. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_create_Kali_Linux_live_USB_persistence_drive_|_FOSS Linux⠀⇛ Live USB is one of the best and safest ways of testing your Linux operating system without your computer being affected by any changes. Data persistency comes about in a live session where one can make changes and save their files on a USB drive. The data stored in the USB drive persists even after ending the live session and shutting down the computer. Once the testing of the live session is complete, the distro is stored in your USB drive and not the computer’s internal hard drive. This is a suitable method because it allows you to boot Linux from the USB drive and store data. # ⚓ How_to_Manage_Disk_Partitions_in_Linux_With_fdisk⠀⇛ Managing partitions is one of the most tedious operations on Linux. If you’re new to the operating system, you might even find the process confusing at the outset. But since disk partitioning is an essential step in OS installation and file organization, among other things, it’s imperative to know how to manage partitions on your computer. To this end, here’s a guide on how to use fdisk to create, resize, and delete partitions on Linux. # ⚓ How_to_Install_and_Manage_Evillimiter_to_control_Your_Wi-Fi Network_in_Linux_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Evillimiter is a free, open-source monitoring tool that can limit bandwidth usage for devices connected to a LAN. It runs on Linux and Windows and can work without administrative access to the network. Also it’s a tool to monitor, analyze and limit the bandwidth (upload/download) of devices on your local network without physical or administrative access. Evillimiter employs ARP spoofing and traffic shaping to throttle the bandwidth of hosts on the network. # ⚓ How_to_Install_WordPress_with_Docker,_An_Easily_to_Follow Guide⠀⇛ This tutorial is going to show you how to run a WordPress installation in Docker containers by using Docker Compose. WordPress is the most popular CMS (Content Management System) in the world, which makes it a top-drawer consideration when building a new site. It is built on a MySQL database with PHP processing. Setting up a local WordPress installation involves multiple steps and can be a time-consuming process. Usually you need to setup a local web server, configure the server to be able to execute PHP code, and setup a MySQL database. However the most easiest way to setup a local WordPress environment is to use containerization with Docker. # ⚓ How_to_SSH_AWS_ec2_Linux_Instances_remotely_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛ After setting up Linux (Amazon Linux, Ubuntu, CentOS, RHEL, etc.) running ec2 Instance on AWS cloud computing platform we can use SSH to connect and control it remotely; instead of using the console directly from ec2 Dashboard. SSH is a secure shell protocol that default uses port number 22 to connect remote systems. To use it, the remote system must be running on SSH servers such as OpenSSH, then only any client machine will be able to connect remotely. Well, the Linux OS running on Ec2 instances come with a pre-installed OpenSSH server. Hence, we just need to generate an SSH key pair or private that will help us to log in it remotely but securely. # ⚓ How_to_automatically_hide_your_mouse_cursor_|_Hund⠀⇛ unclutter-xfixes is a tool to automatically hide your X mouse cursor when you don’t use it. unclutter-xfixes is a fork of the original tool unclutter from the 90s. unclutter-xfixes uses the x11-xfixes extension, which means that they don’t use fake windows or pointer grabbing. This should cause fewer problems with window managers and/or applications. # ⚓ How_to_install_Arch_Linux_faster_with_Calam_Arch⠀⇛ If you love Arch Linux and want to use it, but don’t have the time to configure everything by hand, you may want to check out the Calam Arch installer. It is an excellent tool that can install vanilla Arch Linux with ease, rather than via the command line. Here’s how to use it. Note: The Calam Arch Linux installer ISO requires at least 1 GB of space. For best results, use a 1 GB USB flash drive or larger. Alternatively, burning an ISO file to a DVD also works, though DVD instructions are not covered in this guide. [...] When the installation is complete, unplug your USB flash drive and reboot. Upon rebooting, Arch Linux will be ready to use. Enjoy! # ⚓ Working_With_the_Pkill_and_Pgrep_Commands_in_Linux_– ByteXD⠀⇛ A Linux system is made up of processes, which are basically programs that run in a system. However, processes often need to be managed, which can happen in different ways, such as finding, stopping, starting, and killing. There are times when we don’t know a process name but its process ID or vice versa. We can use various commands to handle these situations. [...] The pgrep command works in the same manner, but it is designed to work with the processes. It can find the process IDs based on a given condition, for example, a username. We can also provide the process name as a parameter to be searched. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ Xubuntu_Development_Update_August_2021⠀⇛ Xubuntu saw a number of updates in August with an updated Focal Fossa release as well as several updates for the current development release, Impish Indri. Showing the applications menu with the Super key is a newly-added, long-requested feature. # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ July/August_in_KDE_PIM⠀⇛ Since the last report, dated the third of July, Version 21.08 (aka 5.18) of all the PIM applications was released. 31 contributors made more than 1,500 updates in the GitLab repos. And work continued apace on preparations for the new release of the Qt backbone on which KDE software relies. Here is the news about recent activity affecting various components of the Personal Information Management system. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § Reviews⠀➾ # ⚓ Kevin_Fenzi:_Frame.work_laptop:_The_hyperdetailed Fedora_review⠀⇛ Frame.work is a new company that appeared eariler this year. They announced that they were going to make a laptop focusing on repair-ability, with replaceable interface modules. I didn’t really need another laptop, but I was very interested in the idea and wanted to support them, so I preordered one as soon as preorders started up. That laptop arrived here a few weeks ago, and I used it as my main laptop last few weeks. Framework offered several already assembled models, as well as a “DYI” edition where you could get the base laptop and as many or as few add on parts as you liked. I of course went for the DIY edition. The packaging was the typical these days recycled cardboard and paper, but all very nicely packed and professional looking. In the box was the body of the laptop itself (the screen/keyboard/motherboard) and then small packages with the parts: memory, wireless card, nvme storage stick, and modules. Framework wanted to ship the DYI edition completely disassembled so you had to do a lot more assembly, but it turns out there’s a bunch of silly rules about laptops vs laptop parts and if they shipped the unassembed version they would run afoul of customs and shipping and taxes rules. There’s no instructions or manual in the box aside from a small “user manual” that just describes the features of the latop (where the switches and ports are) and has a bunch of regulatory information. It also comes with a torx tool/screwdriver/spludger, which is a nice touch. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ RHEL,_CentOS_and_their_clones:_the_best alternatives⠀⇛ We have been telling you for a long time that Red Hat’s decision to turn CentOS into a rolling release distribution had established itself in the community. What for many years had been the free alternative of reference to what RHEL offered, suddenly changed its philosophy and many companies, which had relied on CentOS for all kinds of projects, found themselves in the “gap” of, in the medium term , look for alternatives. This situation was widely echoed by our MuyLinux colleagues, who a few months ago recommended us some interesting alternatives for companies , citing in this field distributions such as SUSE Linux Enterprise, Ubuntu, Debian or even RHEL itself (“mother” of CentOS) as Red Hat decided to make it a free distribution for any production environment with fewer than 16 machines. During this period of time, the number of forks and clones of RHEL itself have also multiplied , with the aim of recovering that spirit of CentOS that had worked so well in recent years. These are the most interesting: # ⚓ Firms_running_CentOS_need_alternatives_as_support runs_out_in_Dec⠀⇛ Companies that are using CentOS 8 have three options open to them as they contemplate their next move in view of the fact that only a few months of support remain for this Linux distribution. Javier Perez, an open-source expert who has worked both with IBM and Red Hat in the past, is helping customers of his current employer, Perforce Software, to plan for a move by the end of the year. CentOS is more or less the same as the Red Hat Enterprise Linux distribution, but with the trademarks stripped out so that it can be used without a licence. It was created by independent developers but was bought by Red Hat in January 2014, reportedly due to fears among the Red Hat top brass that Oracle would pick up the project. # ⚓ TxDOT_terminates_tollway_operation_contract_with_IBM, citing_‘numerous_difficulties’_for_customers⠀⇛ The Texas Department of Transportation announced Friday that it would terminate a tollway operation contract with New York- based tech giant IBM, citing “cont… o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Best_Calendar_Apps_and_Widgets_on_Android:_Google Calendar_and_more!⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Best_Superhero_Games_for_Android_2021_–_Marvel Contest_of_Champions,_Teeny_Titans,_Lego_Batman_and More_–_Droid_Gamers⠀⇛ # ⚓ 18_new_Android_games_from_the_last_week:_The_best, worst,_and_everything_in_between_(8/22/21_–_8/29/21)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Here_is_an_unofficial_list_of_Xiaomi_devices_that_may get_the_Android_12_update⠀⇛ # ⚓ Androids_review:_A_fascinating_history_behind_the_OS you_know_and_love_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_modding_tool_Magisk_is_alive_and_well, MagiskHide_not_so_much⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ K_Lars_Lohn:_Summer_of_Math_Exposition⠀⇛ This is whole system of relative judgment is quite fascinating. Over my career, I witnessed and/or participated in Mozilla skunkwork projects that had a similar form: a novel newly published mathematical method of drawing conclusions from a data set and a self selected population that produces the data. At Mozilla, it was all “Likes” and “Activity Streams” with the additional complications of privacy and anonymity. The organizers of SoME are not a large influential Silicon Valley corporation, but a small group of computer-adept academics. This project, thankfully, is free from the anonymity/privacy complications that Mozilla faced. In the similarities, I also see some of the potential for the down sides of the approach. I’ve often noticed that the distillation technique of the collected data didn’t actually optimize for what the researchers intended or hoped. # ⚓ Mozilla_plans_to_complete_WebRender_deployment on_Firefox_92⠀⇛ If you are a Firefox user, and there are not many left out there – compared to the bulk of web browser users, most of them accommodated in Chrome and a few, increasingly, in Microsoft Edge – you may already know WebRender, one of the key components of the browser in order to stay current in the market. Well, reportedly its deployment could be nearing completion. We talked about the deployment of WebRender, for more information, the next generation web page rendering engine for Firefox , which Mozilla has been working on for years. Years throughout which its implementation in the first line, in the stable version of the browser for PC, has been a trickle, prioritizing certain hardware and operating systems. However, the transition period could be celebrating its last bars, if they confirm what they count in gHacks . # § FSF⠀➾ # § Licensing/Legal⠀➾ # ⚓ Tesla_publishes_Autopilot_source_code_to_comply with_the_GPL⠀⇛ Tesla uses open source platforms for some of the technologies in its electric cars, but they have never published the code before. Linux and BusyBox are some of the platforms they use, and one of the company’s obligations, according to the GPL license, is precisely what they have just fulfilled: publishing part of the source code that is used for their electric propulsion vehicles. That ‘part’ is the one corresponding to the automatic pilot system –the imaging system-, that of NVIDIA Tegra and that of the AutoPilot motherboards. One of the sections of the GNU GPL, the license for open source software used by Tesla, provides for an obligation to share source code. The company chaired by Elon Musk, after some time using this software, has made public part of the open-source source code. The one that uses the AutoPilot imaging system, that of the motherboard of the same autonomous driving technology, and that of the NVIDIA Tegra system that its electric cars also have. All this is already available on GitHub, in the profile that the American company has. Tesla publishes the open-source source code of its electric cars, does this pose any risk to your technology? The source code published by Tesla corresponds only to some ‘parts’ of the technology that its electric cars have, both the Tesla Model X and the S and 3. And more specifically, the majority of the automatic piloting system. This is in no way a risk to owners of Tesla vehicles. It is not a risk that opens the doors for hackers to attack the autonomous driving system of their cars, which would be the most worrying thing, and in no case can they put the company’s intellectual property at risk. Quite simply, it has allowed them to comply with the GNU GPL licenses. And all this means that the ‘core parts’ of AutoPilot-related code that have been published can be studied and analyzed, and in a way could be applied in other projects. But not in the same way, and not for commercial purposes. It is not a secret that part of the technologies of the Tesla Model S and Model X, including the famous Autopilot, is based on the Linux and BusyBox platforms. An open-source system that is subject to the GPL license, which forces the Californian firm to publish a part of the source code, something that it had not done until now in relation to the software of the Model S and Model X 2018.12. This code includes the configuration of the Tesla Autopilot system, the motherboard, and the NVIDIA Tegra system. One of the sections of the GPL license that regulates the license of open source software that Tesla uses contemplates that the brand must share the source code and make it public, in this case on the company’s profile on GitHub. In this way, any user can access and see the code that regulates the Autopilot image system, that of the motherboard that regulates autonomous driving, and the NVIDIA Tegra system that serves to give life to the infotainment system of the American brand. In fact, Tesla has issued a statement regarding this movement in which it explains that it intends to release more parts of its open-source in the near future, all in collaboration with the Software Freedom Conservancy -SFC-, a non-profit organization that preserves and provides infrastructure for free and open-source software projects, as well as ensuring that it is in the public domain. In this regard, Tesla has been working with SFC since 2013, since the first Model S already had technology based on Linux and BusyBox. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Joachim_Breitner:_A_Candid_explainer:_The_rough idea⠀⇛ In this in-depth blog post series I want to shed some light onto these aspects of Candid. The target audience is mainly anyone who wants to deeply understand Candid, e.g. researchers, implementors of Candid tools, anyone who wants to builds a better alternative, but no particular prior Candid knowledge is expected. Also, much of what is discussed here is independent of the Internet Computer. Some posts may be more theoretical or technical than others; if you are lost in one I hope you’ll rejoin for the subsequent post # § Perl/Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ Perl_Weekly_Challenge_127:_Disjoint_Sets_and Conflict_Intervals⠀⇛ # ⚓ TWC_127:_Intersection_on_a_Sunday_Afternoon⠀⇛ Task 1, “Disjoint Sets” was basically something I’ve done before somewhere else. In fact, what I’m using is overkill for just determining if two sets intersect. I imagine most people would probably use the FAQ answer. However, I’m a fan of what cardinal LanX of Perl Monks fame was trying to do in making set intersection a more “organic” operation. I don’t know how much those ideas developed, however, so I’ll be looking at the other solutions to see if there’s anything new. I actually did use my perlmonks code on real problem a few years ago, in modified form. It does the trick pretty quickly compared to other approaches. Thanks perl hashing! # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ PyTorch_Beginner_Tutorial_–_Tensors⠀⇛ PyTorch is a high-level framework for efficiently creating and training deep learning architectures such as Feed- Forward Neural Networks (FFNN), RNN, and CNN. It is an incredibly useful tool because it allows you to perform nifty natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV) tasks. You can use PyTorch to create models that perform NLP tasks such as sentiment analysis, translation, summarization, and even text generation (smart speech bots). Some CV tasks that you can perform using PyTorch are object classification/detection, semantic segmentation, and real-time image processing. Of course, PyTorch can be used for other applications including audio files, medical files, and time- series forecasting. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Smoking_smartphone_sparks_emergency_evacuation_of_Alaska_Airlines jet,_two_taken_to_hospital⠀⇛ Passengers escaped an Alaska Airlines jet via emergency slides on Monday night after a malfunctioning smartphone filled the cabin with smoke. The pilot ordered the evacuation of flight 751 from New Orleans to Seattle after someone’s cellphone started to spit out sparks and smoke just after landing. As the aircraft was still waiting on the tarmac at Seattle- Tacoma International Airport for a gate, the slides were deployed and all 129 passengers and six crew made it out. The errant mobe was also stuffed in a bag to curb its compact conflagration. Two people, we’re told, were taken to hospital. “The crew acted swiftly using fire extinguishers and a battery containment bag to stop the phone from smoking,” a spokesperson for Alaska Airlines told The Register. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ China’s_Mars_rover_assigned_extended_mission_after exceeding_life_expectancy_•_The_Register⠀⇛ China’s National Space Administration has announced that the Zhurong Mars rover has ticked off everything on its to-do list, and is still ticking over, so has been assigned an extended mission. Zhurong left Earth in June 2020 atop a Long March V rocket, and on May 15th 2021 landed on Mars. That feat made China the third nation to land a working robot on the red planet, but as the Soviet Union’s only successful landing – Mars 3 in 1971 – failed less than two minutes after landing and only sent back one featureless image, China is generally held to have been second to the USA in the rover-landing caper. # ⚓ Everyone’s_going_to_Mars:_Rocket_Lab_joins_the_Red_Planet Fan_Club_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Small satellite launcher Rocket Lab has been tapped to provide a pair of Photon spacecraft for a mission to Mars in 2024. The Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) mission (yes, we suspect that there are elements within NASA just as keen on backronyms as we in Vulture Central) is to study Mars’s magnetosphere as well as supporting crewed missions in the future through improved storm prediction. The ESCAPADE mission will be managed by the NASA Science Mission Directorate’s Heliophysics Division and will be the first of the division’s missions to visit another planet. Rocket Lab is kicking off the final mission design and is to start manufacturing the Photons required. # ⚓ Junking_orbital_junk?_The_mind_behind_ASTRIAGraph_database project_hopes_to_‘make_space_transparent’ [Ed: Flying to space becoming more dangerous and complicated over time because humans leave tons of their junk in orbit and it's hard to keep track]⠀⇛ Forty-five years after the United States entered into the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space, one of its citizens has some doubts about the way it’s working out. The convention, administered by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), might not be capturing all the information it should do about human-made objects escaping from the Earth’s atmosphere, Professor Moriba Jah, an aerospace engineer at the University of Texas at Austin, told The Register. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Forget_Covid:_Brexit_is_still_the_biggest_threat_to_UK healthcare_–_Verdict [Ed: Shameless UPC propaganda piggybacking COVID; there's not even a UPC anyway]⠀⇛ For 29%, respondents feel the UK’s attractiveness is diminished by it not being covered by the European Unitary Patent (EUP) and denied access to Europe’s Unified Patent Court (UPC). # ⚓ Forget_Covid:_Brexit_is_still_the_biggest_threat_to_UK healthcare [Ed: Big Pharma companies lying for the UPC and explain pandemic hysteria to make matters yet worse]⠀⇛ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ T-Mobile_slowly_bricks_Sprint_phones_and_then_offers you_a_T-Mobile_phone_that_the_store_doesn’t_carry.⠀⇛ I was having reception problems with my Sprint phone, which T-Mobile was still selling last year after they changed it over to the T-Mobile network experience SIM card. Essentially, it was a threat that you can keep using a Sprint SIM card, but the experience would degrade as they changed their towers, or you could put a TNX card in your Sprint phone and keep using it fine. The problem is that T-Mobile’s network has frequency bands that Sprint phones will never support, even though they were still selling Sprint phones several months past the merger. So now, T-Mobile is offering “Sprint Select” offers where they straight up swap your phone, no charge after bill credit, to an actual T-Mobile phone. They offered to swap my Galaxy S20 FE 5G for a Galaxy S21, and they offered to swap my spouse’s iPhone SE 2nd Gen for a T-Mobile version. Unfortunately, you have to trade both phones on your account for the offer to be valid, and there’s no Galaxy S21s in any of their stores because of a “chip shortage”, but Customer Care will still happily waste your time to drive over there to be told there’s no actual phone and they don’t know when they’ll get them in or if that offer will still be good when they do. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Google_Health_is_being_dismantled,_but Big_Tech’s_quixotic_health_ambitions persist⠀⇛ # ⚓ [Guest_post]_China_Passes_Its_First Comprehensive_Data_Protection_Law⠀⇛ China’s long-awaited Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) was adopted on 20 August 2021 and will enter into force on 1 November 2021 (an unofficial English translation is available here). It is the culmination of a long process. Interest in a law to protect personal information began 2003, when the Information Technology Office of the State Council officially launched legislative research. In 2005, scholars proposed an Expert Draft. Starting with the 2012 Decision of the National People’s Congress on Strengthening the Protection of Network Information, more and more laws were introduced. In recent years, the pace of development has accelerated considerably, as cases of data abuses have repeatedly generated great media interest and heated debates. This led to the enactment of the Cybersecurity Law of 2017 and a plethora of other data security and data protection regulations. In addition, data-related norms have been incorporated into general laws, the new Civil Code of 2020 being a particularly well-known example [Katposts here and here]. Overall, data protections provisions were scattered, often limited to a specific sector, vague or at a relatively low hierarchical level. National standards like the Personal Information Security Specification were by far the most concrete and extensive, but they had no legally binding effect. # ⚓ China_proposes_strict_control_of algorithms⠀⇛ o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Clearing_The_Air_About_Proprietary_Consumables_With_A Xiaomi_Filter_DRM_Resetter⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Revision_of_the_Swiss_Patents_Act_–_Where_do_we_stand today?⠀⇛ According to the European Innovation Scoreboard (published in June 2021 by the European Commission), Switzerland is the innovation leader in Europe. Novel and inventive technical inventions can be protected by obtaining patent protection. However, Swiss national patent applications are currently not examined for novelty or inventive step. Once a patent is granted, a third party (e.g. a competitor) may challenge the validity of a Swiss national patent in court proceedings. Until the subsequent court decision, the validity of such patent remains unclear. This legal uncertainty diminishes the commercial value of a Swiss national patent and makes it more difficult to enforce the patent against third parties. This contrasts to European patents granted by the European Patent Office. European patents are fully examined and may also be subject to a post-grant opposition procedure initiated by a third party. Once granted, the protection of a European patent may be extended to Switzerland. However, obtaining a European patent may be a laborious and expensive process. In an attempt to strengthen the Swiss patent system and to make it more attractive for SMEs and individual inventors, the Swiss Federal Council in October 2020 opened the public consultation procedure on a proposed partial revision of the Swiss Patents Act. Under the preliminary draft bill, the Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property (IPI) would examine Swiss national patent applications for all patentability requirements in line with international standards. In addition, applicants would also have the new option to apply for a utility patent, which would be granted without substantive examination, but would only be valid for ten years (as opposed to the twenty years’ patent term). # ⚓ The_Daily_Biotech_Pulse:_MorphoSys-Incyte_Snag European_Nod,_Immutep_Granted_Chinese_Patent,_Bolt Biotherapeutics_Strike_Oncology_Collaboration⠀⇛ This new Chinese patent follows the grant of the corresponding Australian, U.S., European, and Japanese patents announced in 2018 through 2020. The claims of the patent are directed to LAG525, pharmaceutical compositions comprising LAG525, nucleic acid molecules that code for the LAG525 antibody, an expression vector or host cell that comprises the nucleic acid molecules, and to the use of LAG525 in the manufacture of a preparation for the treatment of cancer or infectious disease. # ⚓ Switzerland:_Patents_Comparative_Guide [Ed: Patents are not rights; this guy is a liar or lawyer. Also, Switzerland played a considerable role in enabling EPO corruption.]⠀⇛ The patent confers on its holder the right to prohibit others from commercially using the invention. ‘Use’ includes, in particular, manufacture, storage, offer for sale, placement on the market, import, export and carriage in transit, as well as possession for any of these purposes. Carriage in transit may be prohibited only if the rights holder is permitted to prohibit importation into the country of destination. # ⚓ The_First_Offer_Should_Be_Unreasonable_–_and_Other Oddities_of_Government_Contracting⠀⇛ The Federal Circuit’s new decision in DynCorp v. US (Fed. Cir. 2021) involves a bid-protest regarding a government contract. The court’s opening offers a brief insight on the complex world of DOD governmental contracts. # ⚓ Brit_says_sorry_after_waving_around_nonce_patent_and leaning_on_sites_to_cough_up [Ed: The patent system enabling fraudsters]⠀⇛ The director of a tiny UK company has apologised after sending letters to businesses suggesting they had infringed his patents that he claimed covered an age-old web standard. The tech in question is the content security policy (CSP) mechanism that websites use to protect their visitors from cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks and similar exploits that steal data and hijack accounts. Specifically, the cryptographic nonce feature of CSP to stop unauthorized scripts from running. Datawing Ltd sent a number of letters to small businesses this month claiming to own one UK and one US patent on CSP and its use of a nonce. After an initial wave of alarm and outrage on Twitter when the letters surfaced, The Register tracked down their author: a penitent William Coppock. # ⚓ What_you_need_to_know_about_the_new_UAE_Patent_Law⠀⇛ # ⚓ United_Arab_Emirates:_What_You_Need_To_Know_About_The New_UAE_Patent_Law⠀⇛ The UAE has issued Federal Law no. 11 of 2021 (“the Law”) concerning the regulation and protection of Industrial Property Rights. The Law will repeal the former Patent Law, Law No. 17 of 2002. The Law covers patents, industrial designs, integrated designs, undisclosed information and utility certificates. The Law was published in Official Gazette no. 703 on 31 May 2021 and is expected to come into force when the Executive Regulations are published in November 2021. On review of the Law, the changes appear to harmonise the UAE’s patent law with international patent legislations. The most notable change is the introduction of a 12 months grace period for disclosures of inventions prior to filing and accelerated examination of ‘urgent applications’. Below we review the key changes in the law and their implications. [...] Under Article 19 of the former Law a patent would not be infringed by a third party if its use was for non-commercial educational or research purposes or where the patented product enters the state on a temporary basis. Under the new Law, Article 22 includes an additional exception to infringement where the patent is used in a “combination of two medicines or more for the purpose of medical treatment by a licensed pharmacist”. It’s not clear if these changes were introduced in light of the recent pandemic to allow for access to emergency treatments which rely on proprietary drugs or delivery systems. The grant of compulsory licenses have also broadened to include ‘crisis or disaster’ in addition to cases of emergency, dire public need or non-commercial purposes. Other changes include the value of penalties for infringement. Under the former Law, these ranged from AED 5,000 up to a maximum of AED 100,000. Under the new Law, penalties range from AED 100,000 up to AED 1,000,000 as well as potential imprisonment. Further details on the practical implementation of the Law are expected to follow in the Executive Regulations. The published law continues the reform of the UAE’s legal framework in order to help support the UAE Vision 2021, one of the pillars of which was to continue in its development of a knowledge-based, productive and competitive economy driven by entrepreneurship and innovation. Although the Law is an instrumental component of this, the development of a holistic innovation ecosystem capable of attracting technology and investment to the UAE will also require evidence of a strong enforcement system where IP rights are respected and rights holders can expect some predictability of how patent invalidity or infringement cases will be handled. # ⚓ Valve_catches_a_break_in_the_Steam_Controller_patent trial_versus_Ironburg_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ In the ongoing saga between Ironburg Inventions and Valve, a new ruling appeared on August 17 that gives Valve another chance to invalidate some parts of the patents involved. The case against Valve boils down to the back paddles included on the Steam Controller, which Ironburg have repeatedly claimed infringes on their patents. Initially, the courts backed Ironburg and awarded at least $4 million in damages, which was upheld in later ruling against Valve. Now though another ruling has appeared after an appeal which actually backs Valve. The interesting part here is that one piece of the evidence from Valve during the trial was on some prior art that should have invalidated parts of the patents from Ironburg. It involves an article on xboxer360.com (which no longer exists) that you can see using the Wayback Machine showing a controller with buttons on the back being reviewed in 2010 (keep in mind the patent Ironburg were granted is from 2013). Valve showed copies as evidence, but this was ignored in previous rulings. The things is, this same article was even used by Ironburg in their patent application shown at the bottom under “Other references”. # ⚓ AutoStore_Sues_Ocado_Again_Seeking_Rival’s_Auto- Storage_IP [Ed: This headline is false or misleading; they sue over dodgy European Patents, not so-called 'IP']⠀⇛ A Norwegian automated storage systems company that is suing Ocado Group PLC for patent infringement has filed a follow-up claim seeking several robotic technology patents owned by the British online grocery giant that it says it invented. AutoStore Technology AS’ entitlement action asks the High Court to award it four of Ocado’s “smart platform” patents filed in the U.K., along with a pending proposed European patent for the same technology. Those inventions were actually created by AutoStore employees, the company maintains in its particulars of claim, filed on Aug. 11 but now made public. # ⚓ AAPA_Cannot_Be_“Basis”_For_IPR,_Even_If_Combined_With Prior_Art_Patents_Or_Publications [Ed: Ways to get rid of fake patents granted by the USPTO]⠀⇛ The Board denied institution of an IPR petition because the basis for its sole ground was applicant-admitted prior art (“AAPA”). IPR may be granted “only on the basis of prior art consisting of patents or printed publications.” 35 U.S.C. § 311(b). On August 18, 2020, the USPTO issued a Memorandum on the Treatment of Statements of the Applicant in the Challenged Patent in Inter Partes Reviews under § 311(b) (the “AAPA Memo”), which interprets § 311(b) “to require that at least one prior-art patent or printed publication form the ‘foundation or starting point’ of the IPR, but not to foreclose consideration of other pertinent patentability information.” In this case, the petition asserted a single ground of obviousness in view of AAPA and two prior art publications. The petition argued that AAPA disclosed all limitations in the challenged claim except for two limitations. The patent owner argued that IPR should be denied because the petitioner improperly relied on AAPA as the basis for its challenge. In response, the petitioner argued that the “AAPA Memo merely prevents a petitioner from relying solely on AAPA to challenge a claim,” whereas “the Petition cites AAPA in combination with two other references.” The petitioner further argued that “the AAPA Memo does not include any restriction on relying on AAPA as the ‘lead reference.’” # ⚓ Legal_battle_brewing_over_AI’s_potential_status_as_a ‘nonhuman_inventor’ [Ed: This is the patent system shooting itself in the foot by sort of admitting it's not about inventions of people; it's just Big Business (litigation for monopolies)]⠀⇛ If humans and only humans can be named inventors on U.S. patent applications, some AI developers are going to be disincentivized from innovating. Within healthcare and the life sciences, algorithms that could help save or enhance lives may never arise. So contends one such developer who is suing the Commerce Department’s U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and its Office of the Undersecretary for Intellectual Property. Missouri physicist Stephen Thaler, PhD, filed the action last year, challenging the USPTO’s stated position that an invention must originate as a “mental act” in the mind of a “natural person.” Today Thaler continues pursuing the suit, saying the bureau is discouraging AI innovation by, in effect, prohibiting certain patents. With such a ban, he suggests, the policy is opening a pathway for bad actors to claim credit for other people’s work. # ⚓ Anixa_Biosciences_Receives_U.S._Patent_for_Ovarian Cancer_Vaccine_Technology [Ed: Terms like "Cancer Vaccine" sound a little dodgy because cancers are not viruses (they can be caused by some)]⠀⇛ California-based Anixa Biosciences, in a statement, confirmed that the company has received the first U.S. patent for its novel ovarian cancer vaccine technology. This technology was invented and developed at Cleveland Clinic, with Anixa is the worldwide licensee. [1] A European patent covering this technology was issued by the European Patent Office in March 2021. # ⚓ The_rebuild [Ed: Just more of that meaningless junk that wrongly portrays patents as "intellectual property"]⠀⇛ The creation of the intellectual property division (IPD) within Delhi High Court is a significant step for efficiently handling IP matters in India. The IPD is consistent with the government’s 2016 national IPR policy, which prioritised improving India’s IP protection and enforcement systems. The IPD also aligns with global trends for the establishment of specialised tribunals. # ⚓ PTAB_Wrongly_Axed_Cruise_Control_Patent,_Fed._Circ. Rules [Ed: Exceptional and unusual]⠀⇛ C The Federal Circuit reversed a Patent Trial and Appeal Board decision invalidating two claims of a cruise control patent that has been asserted against Ford, BMW and Fiat Chrysler, finding Friday that the board overlooked evidence that the claims are not obvious. The appeals court found that the PTAB reached the wrong conclusion in its inter partes review of a Carrum Technologies patent that was challenged by Unified Patents. It concluded that “reversal is appropriate here because the only permissible factual finding” is that the claims are not invalid. # ⚓ European_Union:_Act_On_The_Ratification_Of_The Agreement_On_A_Unified_Patent_Court_Promulgated_After Unsuccessful_Constitutional_Complaints_Regarding_UPC_ (German_Federal_Constitutional_Court,_Order_Dated_June 23,_2021_–_Docket_Nos._2_BvR_2216/20_And_2217/20_–) [Ed: There are more challenges and hurdles on the way; Team UPC knows it, but it is too busy lying to its clients, indoctrinating them for profit]⠀⇛ With its order dated June 23, 2021 in the joint proceedings 2 BvR 2216/20 and 2217/20, the German Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) rejected the requests for a preliminary injunction because the constitutional complaints on the merits are inadmissible. This was the FCC’s second decision on the Act on the ratification of the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court. With its first decision, dated February 13, 2020, the FCC still found that the Act on the ratification of the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court was unconstitutional because the vote by the German parliament (Bundestag) lacked a qualified majority back then. Subsequently, the German government put this Act to the vote again and the German Bundestag adopted the Act with the required two-third majority. Then, the German Federal Council (Bundesrat) unanimously adopted the Act. The complainants’ constitutional complaints are directed against the Act on the Ratification of the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court, the requests for interim injunctions were supposed to prevent its signature by the German Federal President. With its decision, the FCC rejects the requests, i.e. the German hurdle regarding the ratification of the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court has been cleared. While a decision on the merits is indeed still pending, it cannot be expected that the FCC will decide differently in that case. # ⚓ Merch_over_money:_how_in-house_incentivise_invention disclosure [Ed: Bribing people to waste their money and time on worthless lawyers who give them bad advice to instigate conflicts]⠀⇛ Counsel at Pure Storage and four other companies reveal how swag, plaques, simple forms and hard cash can motivate inventors to work with legal # ⚓ Fact_or_fiction?_Debunking_patent_myths_for_business and_technology_leaders [Ed: Laughable propaganda or pure fiction (like calling patents "intellectual property") from patent litigation firms that basically what we're supposed to think of as "media"]⠀⇛ There are many misconceptions or ‘myths’ about patents that have found their way into popular discourse among business leaders and technology managers, ranging from what type of innovations are patentable, to how important it is to own and protect your intellectual property (IP) using patents. These myths include “You can’t patent software”, “I have a patent on my product so I am allowed to sell my product” and “You should only get patents if you are willing (and can afford) to take someone to court if they infringe them”. Unfortunately, many businesses fail to secure patent rights on valuable intellectual property or fail to identify, recognize and mitigate patent- related risks in part because they are relying on these myths. This may lead to missed opportunities or worse, result in increased liability arising from patent infringement disputes. # § Software Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Not_patentable_to_patent-eligible:_Redesigning product_based_on_user_feedback_–_not_technical, but_Controlling_the_manufacture_of_a_product_– technical [Ed: Bardehle Pagenberg still pushing illegal_software_patents, looking for loopholes and ways to trick examiners etc.]⠀⇛ This decision concerns a patent application for a method of redesigning a product based on customer feedback. In the appeal, the Board considered that claim of the Main Request was so abstract that it encompasses entirely non-technical subject-matter excluded under Article 52(2) and (3) EPC. However, with the Auxiliary Request, claim 1 was amended to include technical limitations and was then considered patent-eligible. [...] During the Oral Proceedings before the Board, the applicant filed a set of amended claims as an Auxiliary Request. Amended claim 1 of the Auxiliary Request is as follows (emphasis added to identify the additional features). In brief, the amended claim included the following limitations: a hardware limitation of a controller and converting apparatus, type of manufactured article to an absorbent article, and a manufacturing step by the converting apparatus. # ⚓ EA_pledges_to_share_patents_for_accessibility [Ed: EA pursuing patent monopolies that harm disabled people and then it claims to be "giving it away" as if it's charitable to give away monopolies that should never have been sought in the first place]⠀⇛ Electronic Arts, a California-based video game company, pledged not to enforce five patents on Tuesday, August 24, that related to technologies designed to improve accessibility of games to people with disabilities or medical issues. The patents cover technologies that improve the visibility of colours to optimise for vision deficiencies and generate personalised music to comport with a user’s hearing issues, among other things. The company said that the industry needed to work together to break down barriers. “The accessibility patent pledge we launched today is intended to help inspire and encourage others to introduce pioneering and creative technologies. We hope others will join us in sharing their patents.” The company said, however, that it reserved the right to terminate this pledge for a specific party if that party sued it or its affiliates for patent infringement. EA’s decision to share its patents is part of a larger trend of businesses pledging not to enforce their patents when it comes to certain public interest issues. On August 4, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Microsoft, and Facebook launched the Low Carbon Patent Pledge, in which signatories agreed to make patented technologies that had applications in low carbon innovations freely available. And last year, organisations and businesses signed the Open COVID pledge, in which they agreed to make their IP free of charge for use in ending the COVID-19 pandemic and minimising the impact of the disease. # ⚓ Medical_device_software_is_booming_but_creating IP_hurdles [Ed: Shilling software patents as_if they_are_“medical”. Classic Patrick Wingrove.]⠀⇛ In-house and private practice counsel set out the challenges and opportunities of protecting software in medical devices and software as a medical device # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion:_Media_outrage_over_menopause_TM_misses_the point [Ed: Let's hear it from the propaganda mill of trademark litigation lawyers, funded by those firms to appease critics of trademark maximalism]⠀⇛ According to some of the UK media, Davina McCall is heading for world domination – and a trademark application related to the menopause is driving her quest. Who is McCall, you may well ask? For those who don’t know, McCall is a TV presenter who is probably most famous for a long stint presenting the UK version of the reality TV show ‘Big Brother’ in the early 2000s. These days, while still undertaking other presenting duties, 53-year-old McCall has been trying to raise awareness of the struggles that women face when experiencing the menopause. A book about this, called ‘Menopausing’, is due to be released in May next year. # ⚓ From_“Just_Do_It”_to_“It’s_All_About_Seconds,”_What Brands_Need_to_Know_About_Protecting_Their_Slogans_| The_Fashion_Law⠀⇛ In addition to their names, logos, and in some, relatively rare cases, signature colors, many well-known brands have also looked to slogans to help distinguish their products from those of others. Beginning in 2019, Chanel, for instance, has been using – and successfully amassing trademark registrations for – a slogan of its own: “It’s All About Seconds.” In many ads for its J12 watch collection, whether it be printed across sizable newspaper spreads, hashtagged in Instagram posts, or spoken in short video clips that depict models and/or ambassadors like Naomi Campbell, Margot Robbie, and Lily- Rose Depp, consumers inevitably encounter the slogan. “I think I make the biggest life decisions in a split second,” Robbie asserts in one of the French luxury brand’s video campaigns, subsequently alerting the viewer that “it’s all about seconds.” Chanel has been able to win registrations for its slogan for use on watches in a number of jurisdictions across the globe, as has Nike for its slogan “Just Do It,” for which the Beaverton, Oregon-based sportswear titan has over one hundred different registrations, one the first of which was issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in the 1990s. Still yet, there is the well-known “I’m lovin it” mark held by McDonald’s,” which has been registered by the American multinational fast food chain on a worldwide basis, dating back to at least 2003. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Juno_Therapeutics,_Inc._v._Kite_Pharma,_Inc._(Fed. Cir._2021)⠀⇛ Dominating the entering gallery of the Impressionists exhibit at the Art Institute of Chicago is Georges Seurat’s A Sunday on La Grande Jatte (see below). Painted in the pointillist style, the work comprises millions of individual paint dots reminiscent of photos taken with late 20th Century technology made up of hundreds of individual photographs. Both these examples of “from many, one” come to mind when considering the Federal Circuit’s opinion today in Juno Therapeutics, Inc. v. Kite Pharma, Inc., wherein the Court overturned a jury’s factual determination that Kite had not shown by clear and convincing evidence that the asserted claims were invalid for failure to satisfy the written description requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112(a). As a consequence, the Court also vacated a $1.2 billion judgment to Juno Therapeutics. # ⚓ Barcelona_Appeal_Court_sheds_some_light_on_the difficult_interface_between_national_infringement proceedings_and_parallel_EPO_opposition_proceedings⠀⇛ For many years, due to the rigidity of Spanish civil procedure, it was very difficult, if not impossible, to accommodate in national infringement proceedings events that may have taken place in parallel proceedings where the validity of the relevant patent was discussed, namely, opposition proceedings before the European Patent Office (“EPO”). [...] Huawei requested the suspension of the appeal procedure until the EPO Board of Appeal resolved an appeal that was pending against a decision from an Opposition Division that had found the patent to be invalid. Although Spanish courts are normally very reluctant to suspend national infringement proceedings when there is a parallel opposition procedure pending before the EPO, this time, due to the proximity of the date of the hearing of the EPO appeal, the Barcelona Court of Appeal (Section 15) made an exception and suspended the national appeal proceedings. At the end of the oral hearing, the Board of Appeal announced that the patent had been found to be valid in a limited form. In other words, it upheld the validity of one of the sets of claims proposed by the patentee in its auxiliary requests. In view of this, the defendant (Huawei) requested the Barcelona Court of Appeal (Section 15) to find that the EPO decision had caused a “supervening lack of object” in the Spanish infringement proceedings (i.e. the patent no longer existed with retrospective effect) and, as a result, uphold the appeal against the judgment that had found the claims as granted to be infringed. # ⚓ The_Unified_Patent_Court:_expect_the_unexpected [Ed: "World Intellectual Property Review" as Team UPC propaganda platform; loaded statements, falsehoods, and lobbying disguised as "journalism" (PR for litigation firms)]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Copyrightability_of_Software:_The_Next_Big_Case [Ed: Litigation 'industry'-funded pundits want copyright maximalism to the detriment of software developers (many potential lawsuits)]⠀⇛ The next big software copyright case is before the Federal Circuit in the form of SAS Institute, Inc. v. World Programming Limited, Docket No. 21-1542. The litigation has substantial parallels to Google v. Oracle, but might end up with a different outcome. In Google, the Supreme Court found fair-use but did not decide the issue of copyrightability. That issue is front-and-center in this case. WPL is a UK based software company who obtained several copies of SAS statistical software and made a clone version. SAS sued in E.D.Tex for both copyright infringement and patent infringement. The district court dismissed the copyright claims — holding that the software was unprotectable. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2856 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_29/8/2021:_OSFC_2021,_Vista_11_in_‘Damage_Control’_Mode⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 10:39 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Can_You_Get_By_With_a_Flatpak-Only_Linux_Desktop?⠀⇛ Flatpak is one of the newer package formats to grace the Linux desktop. This is a single format that allows you to install software across any Linux distribution, with that software in theory only accessing parts of the computer that you permit. Some Linux distributions have already embraced Flatpak in a big way, going all-in on the format. What is it like to use a Flatpak-only desktop? o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Noodlings_32_|_Settling_In⠀⇛ This is the first recording in the new studio on new hardware. There are some slight audio issues but if I went for perfection… I would have just deleted this recording I would have stopped these long ago o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ The_evolution_of_Open_Source_–_a_retrospective_as_Linux turns_30-years-old⠀⇛ Linux – the OS that changed the game, turned 30 on August 25th. DIGIT takes a look at how it started an open source revolution. On this day in 1991, 21-year-old Finnish student Linus Benedict Torvalds announced on the comp.os.minix news group that he was working on a free operating system (OS) for 386(486) AT clones as a “hobby.” This would eventually become Linux Kernel, an OS that started something of an open source revolution, changing the mindset of accepting the established products of those with the biggest marketing budgets, or tightest security, as ‘the best’. While it started out as a (better) alternative OS, mainly leveraged by computing enthusiasts, it has grown to be utilised in an astounding amount of devices. # ⚓ OSFC_2021_–_Going_Full_Open-Source⠀⇛ OSFC 2020 was a blast – we had great talks and discussions, some virtual beers and a lot of fun – and OSFC 2021 is just around the corner! As remote conferences are new to us (and probably to everyone else as well) we gathered feedback from you – How did you liked the conference and on what bits can we improve to make the experience better next time. Of course, everyone here at the OSFC hoped that we can do a conference in person again – sadly that has to be postponed to next year. So here we are again – going full virtual! The overall feedback from you was good – however there was some feedback on the tools used for the OSFC that we like to share. # ⚓ Torvalds:_GPLv2_‘A_Big_Part’_of_Why_Linux_Spread,_Companies Getting_Involved_‘Hugely_Important’⠀⇛ # ⚓ Some_Of_The_Features_Expected_For_Linux_5.15:_DG2/ Alchemist,_BPF_Timers,_DAMON_+_More_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ If all goes according to plan the Linux 5.14 kernel will be released as stable today. Linux 5.14 has many new features but there is also a lot of work slated for the next cycle, Linux 5.15. Here’s a look. Among the material we’ve been covering ahead of the Linux 5.15 cycle includes the following items. # § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ Chrome/Chromium’s_Ozone_X11_Code_Now_Fully_Enabled, Old_Legacy_X11_Code_To_Be_Removed_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The Chrome/Chromium web browser now has fully-enabled the Ozone/X11 platform support across both beta and stable channels. With Chrome’s Ozone platform abstraction code, for quite a while now developers have been working to provide good Wayland and X11 support from the same build. Using Ozone on X11/X.Org was previously an experimental option and now successfully went through an origin trial this summer. Igalia developer Maksim Sisov shared this weekend that the Ozone/X11 platform support is now “100% enabled on STABLE and BETA channels.” With the great state now of that support, they will be working to deprecate non-Ozone/X11 paths and removing that legacy X11 path in the near future. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_Install_LEMP_Stack_on_Debian_11_–_Nginx_MariaDB_PHP –_LinuxCapable⠀⇛ LEMP is a collection of open-source software that is commonly used together to serve web applications. The term LEMP is an acronym that represents the configuration of a Linux operating system with an Nginx (pronounced engine-x, hence the E in the acronym) web server, with site data stored in a MySQL or MariaDB database and dynamic content processed by PHP that is popularly used for hosting extensive websites due to its performance and scalability. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install LEMP (Nginx, MariaDB, PHP 8.0) on Debian 11. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Node.JS_14_/_16_&_NPM_on_Rocky_Linux_8_– LinuxCapable⠀⇛ Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform, back-end JavaScript runtime environment built on Chrome’s V8 engine to build fast and scalable network applications and back-end APIs. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking IO module that makes it very lightweight and effective. It is a fantastic choice for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices. NPM is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language maintained by NPM, Inc. NPM is the default package manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js and is arguably the most available repository for Node.JS packages. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Node.JS in various ways from the app stream and the node source repository on Rocky Linux 8. # ⚓ Fix_multipathd[688]_add_missing_path_error_–_blackMORE Ops⠀⇛ I was running Ubuntu 20.04 Server guest OS on VMware ESX and found that syslog was spitting the following errors every 5 seconds. # ⚓ Linux_Jargon_Buster:_What_is_sudo_rm_-rf?_Why_is_it Dangerous?⠀⇛ When you are new to Linux, you’ll often come across advice to never run sudo rm -rf /. There are so many memes in the Linux world around sudo rm -rf. But it seems that there are some confusions around it. In the tutorial on cleaning Ubuntu to make free space, I advised running some command that involved sudo and rm -rf. An It’s FOSS reader asked me why I am advising that if sudo rm -rf is a dangerous Linux command that should not be run. # ⚓ How_to_Watch_Free_TV_channels_on_Linux_Mint⠀⇛ In this tutorial you will learn how to watch free tv channels on Linux Mint, if you are a fan of free Iptv channels then this tutorial is for you. # ⚓ How_To_Migrate_To_Rocky_Linux_8_From_CentOS_8_|_Tips_On UNIX⠀⇛ This tutorial will be helpful for users to migrate to Rocky Linux 8 from CentOS 8 / AlmaLinux / RHEL systems Step by Step. As you know CentOS 8 updates and support will be till the end of December 2021 and after that CentOS will be shifting to an upstream edition of RedHat. # ⚓ How_to_Fix_‘Could_not_get_lock_/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend’ in_Linux_Mint⠀⇛ So the error message is basically saying the process can’t continue because this process is being held by process number 54240(synaptic) # ⚓ How_to_Change_Default_Index_Page_on_Nginx⠀⇛ In this tutorial you will learn how to change the default index page after installing nginx. When you install nginx, the default page is a simple index html file that says ” Welcome to Nginx” . If you want to change this file, you can do so by following the steps in this tutorial # ⚓ How_to_Install_Snap_on_Linux_Mint_20.1_Ulyssa⠀⇛ In this tutorial you will learn how to install snap on Linux Mint 20.1 Ulyssa. # ⚓ How_to_Hide_Nginx_Version_on_Your_Server⠀⇛ In this tutorial you will learn how to hide Nginx version from leaking to public. This step is a must, when parameter is not set to : server_tokens off, nginx version can be seen by visitors on error pages, this information doesn’t make your site directly vulnerable but the less information you share to public the better. Your site may be secured, but that version of nginx may be vulnerable which then makes your site vulnerable too. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Powershell_on_AlmaLinux_8_–_idroot [Ed: Bad idea as it helps Microsoft's vendor lock-in]⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Powershell on AlmaLinux 8. For those of you who didn’t know, PowerShell Core is a cross-platform (Windows, Linux, and macOS) automation and configuration tool/framework that works well with your existing tools and is optimized for dealing with structured data (e.g. JSON, CSV, XML, etc.), REST APIs, and object models. It includes a command-line shell, an associated scripting language, and a framework for processing cmdlets. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Powershell on AlmaLinux 8. You can follow the same instructions for Rocky Linux. # ⚓ How_to_remove_.htpasswd_Protection_on_Nginx_(Ubuntu 18.04)⠀⇛ In this tutorial you will learn how to remove .htpasswd file, or disable basic auth for your site, so when you visit your site or section that was password protected you will be able to access it normally without having to put username and password, to do this simply follow the steps below. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Latest_GNU_Nano_Text_Editor_in_Linux Desktop⠀⇛ The GNU Nano is shortly known as the Nano text editor. It has been a quick, easy-to-use, and handy tool for both normal and professional usages. No matter if you’re a regular user or a root user, Nano welcomes all for coding and editing scripts. In recent Linux distributions, Nano comes pre- installed with the operating system. But, if you’re using a server or a backdated Linux distribution, you might need to install the GNU Nano on your machine. Using and installing the cross-platform GNU Nano in Linux is easy and hassle-free. # ⚓ How_to_Increase_File_Upload_Size_on_Nginx⠀⇛ When you install Nginx, the directive client_max_body_size specifies the upload size that you want to allow to be uploaded on your site/ server. By default the limit is set to 1 MB so if you try to upload something bigger than that you’ll get the error ” 413 (Request Entity Too Large)”, to increase this limit or to remove it completely follow the steps below. # ⚓ How_to_Install_MATE_Desktop_1.26_in_Ubuntu_20.04,_21.04_via PPA_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ The MATE desktop 1.26 now is available to install via the official Ubuntu PPA! The lightweight MATE desktop environment 1.26 was released a week ago. It features initial wayland support, do not disturb applet, and many core applications updates! The Ubuntu MATE developer team finally made a new Ubuntu PPA contains the packages for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and Ubuntu 21.04. For upcoming Ubuntu 21.10, MATE 1.26 will be there in the main repositories. # ⚓ How_to_Password_Protect_Directories_on_Nginx_(Ubuntu 18.04)⠀⇛ If you want to password protect an section/ directory on your site and make it available to login with an username and password, you can do so by using nginx HTTP basic auth. This function allows you to stop other people who don’t have the logins from accessing the section you are protecting. # ⚓ How_to_Fix_error_“nginx:_[emerg]_unexpected_end_of_file, expecting_“}”_in_/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/⠀⇛ This error means the nginx configuration file has not been configured correctly, or it was configured correctly but you forgot to close the directives with curly braces or ; And because of this error nginx won’t be able to start or restart, solving this issue is easy, simply follow the steps below # ⚓ How_to_Download_any_File_using_cURL_on_Linux⠀⇛ cURL is a very popular and useful command line tool that you can use to download files from the internet but not only, cURL is similar to wget but cURL has a lot of more features and it is the perfect tool to use when downloading or transferring data on any system. # ⚓ How_to_Block_any_IP_Address_on_Nginx⠀⇛ In this tutorial you will learn how to block an IP Address or multiple ip addresses on nginx. This is useful in cases where someone is spamming or attacking your site and you need to block the IP address in order for the attack to stop. However, this is also useful when you need to allow x Ip to access your site or any section on your site. # ⚓ How_to_Install_MATE_Desktop_in_Arch_Linux_[Complete Guide]⠀⇛ This guide explains the steps you need to install MATE Desktop in Arch Linux. This guide has two parts. The first part deals with installing the base Arch system. The second part is installing the complete MATE desktop environment on top of Arch Linux. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ LibreELEC_(Matrix)_10.0.0⠀⇛ The final version of LibreELEC 10.0.0 has been released, bringing Kodi (Matrix) v19.1 to LibreELEC users. Users of LibreELEC 10 Beta or RC1 get an automatic update to the final version. LibreELEC 9.2 setups will not be automatically updated, you will need to manually update. We can offer stable and good working versions for Allwinner, Generic and Rockchip devices. The RPi4 is also in good shape but the codebase is rather new, so it is not polished yet (keep reading for details). # § PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Chromium_browser_updated_to_92.0.4515.159_» PCLinuxOS⠀⇛ Chromium is a free and open-source codebase for a web browser, principally developed and maintained by Google. Google uses the code to make its Chrome web browser, which has additional features. # ⚓ Palemoon_browser_updated_to_29.4.0.2_»_PCLinuxOS⠀⇛ Pale Moon is an open-source web browser with an emphasis on customizability; its motto is “Your browser, Your way”. There are official releases for Microsoft Windows and Linux, as well as contributed builds for various platforms. Pale Moon originated as a fork of Firefox, but has subsequently diverged. # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Kentaro_Hayashi:_Latest_topics_about fabre.debian.net⠀⇛ Aug 28, 2021, I gave a short talk about “Latest topics about fabre.debian.net” at DebConf21. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Elecrow_CrowPi_Raspberry_Pi_educational_kit_hands-on –_NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛ Educational electronics kits constitute one of the fastest-growing product segments in the educational market. The world’s shift to Internet-of-Things applications combined with the falling cost of simple computers like the Raspberry Pi have make electronics and computer engineering attractive subjects for students of all grade levels. Elecrow’s CrowPi is one such electronics kit that includes enough buttons, buzzers, and gizmos to introduce young and old students to electronics and computer programming in a convenient and compact package. The CrowPi itself is a head-turner, primarily because of its “DIY” aesthetic. However, as everything is pre-built into the case, the CrowPi is ready to go. Elecrow also includes about two dozen example scripts and a nice manual walking students through the simple programs and the logic behind them. My kids and I have toyed with the CrowPi for the past three weeks. Here are my thoughts. # ⚓ Raspberry_Pi:_Popular_single-board_computer_utilised in_creating_a_working_version_of_The_Simpsons’_TV_– NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛ A Redditor has re-created a miniature version of the iconic TV set from The Simpsons. Not only is the TV working, but it also plays seasons 1-11 of the TV show at random, and without an internet connection. According to a follow-up post, u/buba447 utilised a Raspberry Pi Zero for the project, along with a 640 x 480 TFT display and a 32 GB microSD card. The project runs Jessie Lite, and selects episodes at random using a python script. Unsurprisingly, u/buba447 had to compress all 248 episodes to fit them on a 32 GB card. Apparently, all episodes now play natively at 640 x 480 pixels. # ⚓ Leverage_ESP32-S3_AI_capabilities_with_the_ESP-DL library_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ ESP32-S3 is the first Espressif wireless processor with AI instructions, and ESP-DL library for ESP-IDF allows you to easily leverage those AI instructions using boards such as the ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1. The ESP-DL library provides APIs for Neural Network (NN) Inference, Image Processing, Math Operations, and Deep Learning Models that make full use of ESP32-S3’s AI instructions with a 16-bit face recognition model running 6.25 faster, while the 8-bit model is 2.5 times faster than without acceleration. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Samsung_Android_12_beta_hinted_in_new_evidence_– 9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Trying_out_Android_12,_a_new_percussion_massage_gun⠀⇛ # ⚓ Nvidia_wants_to_avoid_Android_10⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_Messages_Soundly_Beaten_As_Radical_New_Update Goes_Live⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_users_warned_over_FluBot_malware_spreading via_text_message_about_‘missed_package_delivery’⠀⇛ # ⚓ Now_Google_One_Backup_for_Android_is_widely available⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Pixel_5a_vs._Samsung_Galaxy_S21:_Which_Android phone_wins?_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Rclone_cloud_storage_review_2021 [Ed: Building proprietary (dis)services on top of Free software]⠀⇛ Rclone is a free cloud storage management software that works with over 40 of the best cloud storage services. An open-source and lightning-fast command-line tool, Rclone has a full range of capabilities, including file syncing, backup, drive mounting, and encryption. # § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾ # ⚓ LibreOffice_project_and_community_recap:_August 2021⠀⇛ Here’s our summary of updates, events and activities in the LibreOffice project in the last four weeks – click the links to learn more! # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Top_18_Open-source_Free_Vue_Dashboard_Admin Templates⠀⇛ Vue is a popular JavaScript framework for building progressive web apps and single page apps. The large community of Vue developers love open-source, as they keep enriching its public web libraries with open-source projects as components and ready-to-use interfaces. In this collection, we are presenting open- source Vue dashboard and admin panels for developers, which will save them a huge deal of time for development and setup. # ⚓ Excellent_Free_Tutorials_to_Master_Programming_– LinuxLinks⠀⇛ A quick search of the internet reveals a plethora of tutorials for programmers. No one has time to read even a minuscule fraction of the available material. What you need is a curated list of programming tutorials. Better than that. A curated list of free programming tutorials. Free and open source tutorials still have a cost — your precious time. And just because a tutorial is free/open source doesn’t, itself, signify any great quality to the work. Hence the need for some recommendations for free tutorials to help you learn C, C++, Java, Python, R, or whatever language takes your fancy. The tutorials we’re recommending will help increase your technical skills and make you proficient in the language of your choice. And some of them even provide a little light relief on the way. Humor can be a great aid to learning. Many of the tutorials we recommend offer a solid foundation in learning the relevant programming language. Some are very specialist, some offer a quick overview. There are tutorials targeted at people who have little programming experience, as well as programmers who have learned one or two languages but are looking to widen their skills. Other tutorials are targeted at an intermediate and/or expert level. All are worth reading. # ⚓ Learning_by_rewriting_–_bash,_jq_and_fzf_details⠀⇛ My friend Christian Drumm published a nice post this week on Adapting the Bitwarden CLI with Shell Scripting, where he shared a script he wrote to conveniently grab passwords into his paste buffer at the command line. It’s a good read and contains some nice CLI animations too. In the summary, Christian remarks that there may be some areas for improvement. I don’t know about that, and I’m certainly no “shell scripting magician” but I thought I’d have a go at modifying the script to perhaps introduce some further Bash shell, jq and fzf features to dig into. # ⚓ Position_text_on_your_screen_in_Linux_with_ncurses_| Opensource.com⠀⇛ Most Linux utilities just scroll text from the bottom of the screen. But what if you wanted to position text on the screen, such as for a game or a data display? That’s where ncurses comes in. curses is an old Unix library that supports cursor control on a text terminal screen. The name curses comes from the term cursor control. Years later, others wrote an improved version of curses to add new features, called new curses or ncurses. You can find ncurses in every modern Linux distribution, although the development libraries, header files, and documentation may not be installed by default. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ ESA_swamped_by_over_23,000_applicants_for_astronaut program⠀⇛ The European Space Agency’s astronaut recruitment project has far exceeded its most optimistic forecasts by generating 23,000 applications. Upon assessment, around 20 per cent of applicants were found not to meet the requirements for the job, so were quickly informed they would not be considered. However “more than 80 per cent of all remaining, eligible applications are still under review,” according to Antonella Costa, HR business partner at the Agency (ESA). # ⚓ NASA_postpones_spacewalk_as_it_would_be_too_much_of_a_pain in_the_neck_for_astronaut_•_The_Register⠀⇛ NASA on Tuesday postponed a spacewalk after one of the astronauts due to work outside the International Space Station had a “pinched nerve” in his neck. US astronaut Mark Vande Hei and Japan’s Akihiko Hoshide were hoping to step out into the void at 1230 UTC on August 24. The pair were instructed to install equipment along the spacecraft’s Integrated Truss Structure, the 108.5-metre-long pole that stretches across the length of the ISS, to support upgraded solar panels for the station. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ New_EPA_Report_Shows_Widely_Used_Insecticides_Must_Be Banned,_Advocates_Say⠀⇛ # ⚓ Over_800_Water_Protectors_Have_Been_Arrested_Since_Line_3 Pipeline_Was_Approved⠀⇛ # ⚓ Medicaid_Enrollees_Are_Getting_Vaccinated_at_Lower_Rates Than_General_Population⠀⇛ # ⚓ Supreme_Court_Ruling_Against_Eviction_Moratorium_Could Facilitate_Surge_in_COVID⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Feeling_Like_a_Maskless_Sitting_Duck_in_Florida⠀⇛ I’m feeling like a sitting duck these days, as are the other members of my family. For my son at Flagler Palm Coast High School, for my wife with the strings program she runs, they’re convinced it’s a matter of time before they get infected with Covid despite their vaccines, despite their masks, which can’t do much against those around them who think masks are the biggest threat to their freedom since Tojo bombed Pearl Harbor.  o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Mirai-style_IoT_botnet_is_now_scanning_for_router- pwning_critical_vuln_in_Realtek_kit⠀⇛ A denial-of-service vulnerability affecting SDKs for Realtek chipsets used in 65 vendors’ IoT devices has been incorporated into a son- of-Mirai botnet, according to new research. The remote code execution flaw, CVE-2021- 35395, was seen in Mirai malware binaries by threat intel firm Radware, which “found that new malware binaries were published on both loaders leveraged in the campaign.” # ⚓ Annke_network_video_recorder_vulnerability_could_see attackers_seize_control_of_security_cameras⠀⇛ A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in a network video recorder (NVR) manufactured by Annke could result in a complete compromise of the IoT device. The critical flaw (CVE-2021-32941) was discovered in the playback functionality of NVR model N48PBB, which captures and records live streams from up to eight IP security cameras and provides centralized, remote management of video surveillance systems. # ⚓ ProxyLogon_flaw,_evil_emails,_SQL_injections_used_to open_backdoors_on_Windows_boxes⠀⇛ ESET and TrendMicro have identified a novel and sophisticated backdoor tool that miscreants have slipped onto compromised Windows computers in companies mostly in Asia but also in North America. As usual in the infosec world, the pair of security outfits can’t agree on a name for this remote-access module. ESET refers to the malware as SideWalk and to the group responsible as SparklingGoblin; TrendMicro prefers ScrambleCross and calls the threat actor Earth Baku, even as it acknowledges that the miscreants are better known as APT41. TrendMicro’s researchers speculate that the design of the malware indicates that at least one member of the group is familiar with the tools and techniques of security red teams while the SideWalk/ScrambleCross backdoor suggests personnel with deep knowledge of low-level programming and advanced software development. # ⚓ To_keep_Windows_11_as_confusing_as_possible, Microsoft_“clarifies”_that_clean_installs_on unsupported_PCs_get_no_updates._–_BaronHK’s_Rants⠀⇛ Almost like a comedy of errors, Microsoft says one thing about Windows 11, and then changes their policy, and then double reverses themselves on the same day. Now it comes to light that while you can get around the “unsupported PC” thing by doing a clean installation, you won’t get any updates (including security patches) if you do. So, I really hope Microsoft likes pissing everyone off and creating the biggest mass exodus to Linux since Vista. Because what’s coming is essentially another Vista. In fact, it may be worse than Vista, because at some point Microsoft declared Project Longhorn to be a disheveled mess that nobody could even make it through the day with and started over, and they can’t even decide what Windows 11 is a month before it launches. System requirements double, more DRM, more bugs…..all so you can get, ohhhh, rounded corners. Remember when it was Aero Glass? At least that looked good. That is, as long as you had a Home Premium license, a recent graphics card, a capable driver, and all sorts of other things, and in exchange, it took so much CPU time that your PC sounded like it would go flying off the desk. All the while, Linux had Compiz and KWin which could do all sorts of cool effects on any kind of PC you were likely to have around. Why? I think that open source software developers take more pride in their work, while Microsoft just does it as incompetently as possible to create more hardware sales for their partners. Hey, it all ends up in a dump in Mexico with the 3 year old iPhones, right? # ⚓ Researchers,_cybersecurity_agency_urge_action_by Microsoft_cloud_database_users⠀⇛ “In my estimation, it’s really hard for them, if not impossible, to completely rule out that someone used this before,” said one of the four, Wiz Chief Technology Officer Ami Luttwak. At Microsoft he developed tools for logging cloud security incidents. Microsoft did not give a direct answer when asked if it had comprehensive logs for the two years when the Jupyter Notebook feature was misconfigured, or had used another way to rule out access abuse. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Joe_Biden_is_deaf,_dumb_and_blind_to_the chaos_the_US_has_unleashed⠀⇛ The Taliban, and jihadis around the world, are celebrating that the American leadership has been rendered deaf, dumb, and blind. So dumb are they that the Biden administration allegedly provided the Taliban with names and biometric details of Afghans who have worked for the US over the past two decades, in a show of blind faith that they would allow these at-risk Afghans through checkpoints for evacuation. # ⚓ Tianjin_asks_govt_firms_to_move_data_out of_Alibaba,_Tencent_clouds:_Document⠀⇛ The Chinese city of Tianjin has asked municipally controlled companies to migrate their data from private sector operators like Alibaba Group and Tencent Holdings to a state-backed cloud system by next year, according to a document seen by Reuters. The push by Tianjin, a city of roughly 14 million people south of Beijing which has provincial- level status, comes as China tightens controls on how companies store and manage the vast troves of data they collect. The Tianjin State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC), which oversees local government-backed companies, said in the document dated Aug. 12 it was following instructions given by China’s cabinet, the State Council. # ⚓ Tianjin_asks_govt_firms_to_move_data_out of_Alibaba,_Tencent_clouds-document⠀⇛ All data should be moved by Sept. 30, 2022, the document said, adding that “guoziyun” was being set up and that preparatory work would be completed by the end of August. # § Confidentiality⠀➾ # ⚓ T-Mobile_CEO_apologizes_for_breach that_compromised_data_of_50_million people⠀⇛ T-Mobile CEO Mike Sievert on Friday announced that the hacker behind the recent breach of the company that compromised the information of around 50 million individuals had used “brute force” in the attack and apologized for the impact of the breach. The apology, made in a statement published Friday, came a week after the company announced that the data of current, former and prospective customers had been compromised, including customer names, dates of birth, Social Security numbers and driver’s license information. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_I_Deserted:_Dissident_Joe_Glenton_on_the_Futility_of the_Afghan_War_and_“War_on_Terror”⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Let’s_Take_the_Profit_Out_of_War⠀⇛ In the 21st century, many of us are used to the murderous mass violence of modern warfare. # ⚓ Afghanistan:_The_Great_Deception⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Things_to_Know_About_the_Revival_of_Trump-Era “Remain_in_Mexico”_Policy⠀⇛ After a whirlwind of court actions this month, the Biden administration will be forced to restart a Trump-era border policy that trapped tens of thousands of people seeking asylum in dangerous conditions in Mexico while they awaited their court dates. The Remain in Mexico Policy, also known as Migrant Protection Protocols (“MPP”) created a humanitarian disaster at the border and has been the subject of ACLU lawsuits since it was first instituted in 2019. Here’s what you need to know about the past, present, and future of this harmful policy and its implications for people seeking asylum. # ⚓ ‘Not_What_Ending_a_War_Looks_Like’:_Biden_Vows_New_Strikes in_Retaliation_for_Kabul_Blast⠀⇛ Even as he planned to withdraw all remaining U.S. troops from Afghanistan by August 31, President Joe Biden said Saturday that the drone strike that was launched Friday night in retaliation for an attack claimed by ISIS-K “was not the last.” “We will continue to hunt down any person involved in that heinous attack and make them pay,” the president said in a statement Saturday afternoon. “Whenever anyone seeks to harm the United States or attack our troops, we will respond. That will never be in doubt.” # ⚓ Amazon_disables_website_used_for_ISIS_propaganda⠀⇛ An AWS spokesperson told The Hill that the propaganda group’s app was “not running on AWS,” but added that “following an investigation, we have disabled a website that was linked to this app as it was in violation of the AWS Acceptable Use Policy (AUP).” nder the policy, domains under AWS may not use the platform to “threaten, incite, promote, or actively encourage violence, terrorism, or other serious harm,” or “for any illegal or fraudulent activity,” among other prohibited actions. # ⚓ The_sunset_of_the_West_and_Islam:_From_US_bombs_to_the return_of_the_Taliban⠀⇛ In the Islamic tradition, the principle that Islam as such must be both religion and State (dīn wa- dawla wa duniyā), and that the term secularism (‘ilmaniyya) is synonymous with atheism, materialism, permissiveness, moral decadence, etc., is fundamental, especially in the countries allied with the West (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, etc.), and in those which are not allied with it. In each of them the institutional presence of other faiths is rarely allowed – and this from a purely legal viewpoint. # ⚓ Experts_warn_of_dangers_from_breach_of_voter_system software⠀⇛ Election security pioneer Harri Hursti was at the South Dakota event and said he and other researchers in attendance were provided three separate copies of election management systems that run on the Dominion software. The data indicated they were from Antrim and Mesa counties. While it’s not clear how the copies came to be released at the event, they were posted online and made available for public download. The release gives hackers a “practice environment” to probe for vulnerabilities they could exploit and a road map to avoid defenses, Hursti said. All the hackers would need is physical access to the systems because they are not supposed to be connected to the internet. “The door is now wide open,” Hursti said. “The only question is, how do you sneak in the door?” o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Ida’s_Landfall_Imminent,_Disaster_Expert_General_Russel Honoré_Says_Time_to_Declare_Climate_Emergency⠀⇛ Hurricane Ida was known as “Tropical Depression Nine” on Wednesday, August 25, when Ret. Lieutenant General Russel Honoré held a press conference in Lake Charles, Louisiana in a parking lot across from the Capital One Tower — which remains shuttered  a year after Hurricane Laura knocked out many of the building’s mirrored glass windows. He urged state and federal officials to stop permitting LNG terminals and other massive fossil fuel projects in the Gulf Coast’s “hurricane alley.” With a new storm threatening Lake Charles and the rest of the Gulf Coast, Honoré called for an end to the decade-long buildout of massive fossil fuel plants along the Gulf Coast, citing the hazards the plants cause during storms as well as the role they play in causing climate change, which has made hurricanes more powerful and dangerous in recent years. Stay up to date with DeSmog news and alerts # ⚓ Don’t_Let_the_Fossil_Fuel_Industry_Pivot_to_Toxic_Plastics and_Chemicals⠀⇛ As the United States comes to grips with the climate crisis, fossil fuels will slowly recede from being primary sources of energy. That’s the good news. But the bad news is that the petrochemical industry is counting on greatly increasing the production of plastics and toxic chemicals made from fossil fuels to profit from its reserves of oil and gas. That transition is why the challenges of climate, plastic pollution and chemical toxicity — which at first might each seem like distinct problems — are actually interrelated and require a systems approach to resolve. The danger is that if we focus on only a single metric, like greenhouse gas emissions, we may unintentionally encourage the shift from fuel to plastics and chemicals that are also unsafe and unsustainable. # ⚓ How_to_fight_microplastic_pollution_with_magnets⠀⇛ It was on his local beach that Ferreira came up with a solution that could extract microplastics from water. “I found some oil spill residue with loads of plastic attached to it,” he says. “I realised that oil could be used to attract plastic.” Ferreira mixed vegetable oil with iron oxide powder to create a magnetic liquid, also known as ferrofluid. He then blended in microplastics from a wide range of everyday items, including plastic bottles, paint and car tyres, and water from the washing machine. After the microplastics attached themselves to the ferrofluid, Ferreira used a magnet to remove the solution and leave behind only water. # ⚓ Rebuilding_Haiti_with_bamboo_and_hemp⠀⇛ Bamboo is a proven earthquake-resistant building material and, given its staggering growth rate, an ideal plant for sustainably rebuilding in areas devastated by earthquakes. The best bamboo cultivars for construction grow to heights of between 40 and 50 feet. Bamboo possesses high tensile strength equivalent to low-carbon steel. Using bamboo in home construction can greatly reduce need for steel and wood, significantly lowering building costs. Likewise, the woody core of hemp can be used to create hempcrete, a lightweight, cement-like material that can be used as insulation and to build bricks and non-weight bearing wall panels that won’t crush people in an earthquake. The failure to invest in hemp is tied to draconian bans on the cultivation of cannabis. The Haitian government has made low-THC hemp plants illegal, putting out of reach this multi-faceted plant, whose fibers, seeds, flowers and leaves can be used in products ranging from cannabidiol to nutritious protein to industrial ropes and building materials. # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ Brazil_water_survey_heightens_alarm_over_extreme drought⠀⇛ In Brazil’s Amazon rainforest, water that evaporates then travels on air currents to provide rainfall far afield. But some climate experts argue that the Amazon is headed for a “tipping point” in 10 to 15 years: if too much forest is destroyed, the Amazon would begin an irreversible process of degradation into tropical savannah. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Big,_Bold,_and_Visionary_Government_Can_Work—If We_Let_It⠀⇛ The Senate’s passage of a $1 trillion infrastructure package—with another $3.5 trillion plan waiting in the wings—provides an opportunity for Americans to consider how prevailing notions about society, prosperity, and economics are often false and destructive.  # ⚓ Opinion_|_Billionaires_Need_to_Get_on_Board_With_More_Taxes or_Expect_the_Pitchforks⠀⇛ In the summer of 2014, in the wake of the Occupy movement that targeted concentrated wealth, tech entrepreneur Nick Hanauer issued a warning to his fellow billionaires: “The pitchforks are coming.” At the time, Hanauer noted, the super-rich such as himself were rapidly growing their bank accounts while poverty swelled and the social safety net continued to be shredded. And, he concluded, “No society can sustain this kind of rising inequality. In fact, there is no example in human history where wealth accumulated like this and the pitchforks didn’t eventually come out.” # ⚓ Sanders_Pitches_$3.5_Trillion_Spending_Bill_to_Thousands_at Indiana_Town_Hall⠀⇛ Addressing more than 2,300 people in West Lafayette, Indiana Friday night, Sen. Bernie Sanders made the case for the $3.5 trillion spending plan to invest heavily in human infrastructure, explaining how the proposed budget currently being written by Senate and House committees following passage in the House is “the most consequential legislation for working people since the New Deal.” “When more than 2,300 people come out in the middle of the hottest summer on record in West Lafayette, Indiana to hear Bernie Sanders talk about the $3.5 trillion Senate reconciliation bill, you’re doing something right.”—Misty Rebik, Sanders’ chief of staff # ⚓ Poly_Network_says_it’s_got_pretty_much_all_of_that_$610m_in stolen_crypto-coins_back⠀⇛ Poly Network says virtually all of the crypto- currency funds, valued at $610m, stolen from it by a thief have been returned. The mysterious crook siphoned off the dosh earlier this month by exploiting a vulnerability in the Chinese exchange’s smart contracts that handle the movement of tokens between blockchains. The thief, dubbed Mr White Hat by Poly Network, promised to hand the funds back, claiming it was just done for fun and to highlight the security flaw. A portion was given back earlier this month, and the rest has been returned, apparently. The coins will be funneled back to their rightful owners – Poly Network’s users stiffed in the record-breaking cyber-heist. Specifically, some of the remaining funds were held in a wallet that could only be unlocked with the binary bandit’s help; the private key needed to access those funds was given up to Poly some hours ago. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ 58_Years_After_Historic_Rally,_Thousands_March_on Washington_for_Voting_Rights,_DC_Statehood⠀⇛ A summer marked by rallies, motorcades, and pressure campaigns targeting lawmakers standing in the way of voting rights legislation culminated on Saturday in the 2021 March on Washington, where thousands demanded that Congress pass far-reaching measures to protect and expand the right to vote.  # ⚓ After_25_Years,_There’s_a_Reason_MSNBC_Can’t_Look_Back⠀⇛ On July 12, 2021, a photo of Rachel Maddow was posted to the “Community” tab of MSNBC’s YouTube account. The accompanying text read: # ⚓ Mike_Lindell’s_election_software_handout_a_gift_to_ [crackers],_experts_say:_“The_door_is_now_wide_open”⠀⇛ According to election security expert Harri Hursti, who attended Lindell’s South Dakota event, he claims he and others were handed “three separate copies of election management systems that run on the Dominion software” which can be used for practicing entering systems. Speaking with the Guardian, he explained, “The door is now wide open,” before adding that all [crackers] would need is “… physical access to the systems because they are not supposed to be connected to the [Internet].” Kevin Skoglund, an election technology expert, agreed saying sabotage, including changing election results could be possible. o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ Truth_Seekers_Summit:_‘Weapons_of_Mass_Disinformation’⠀⇛ In a polarized and fractured society, the truth can be a subjective thing. In this panel, Rolling Stone Washington, D.C. Bureau Chief Andy Kroll talks to Vice journalist Anna Merlan (Republic of Lies), writer and producer Billy Ray (The Comey Rule), PBS News Hour White House Correspondent Yamiche Alcindor, former White House Chief of Staff John Podesta, and writer and director Cullen Hoback (Q: Into the Storm) about how the challenges of presenting the truth have transformed in modern society, and why people have such a hard time exiting their filter bubbles and getting to a single, agreed-upon truth. The panelists discussed how social media platforms “promote and hype” disinformation to increase their revenue stream and the erosion of privacy and “algorithms are feeding us increasingly extreme and sensational because they’re motivated to keep our attention. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Cyber_Law_Gives_Cuba_New_Way_to_Silence_Critics,_Analysts Say⠀⇛ Decree 35 was passed last week, following the biggest anti-government protests in decades, as Cubans called for better living conditions amid economic hardship and the pandemic. Details of the unrest spread in part because of social media. The new law is aimed at content or messages that Havana deems to be false news, offensive or that may incite acts “that upset public order.” Under it, anyone who tries to “subvert the constitutional order” will be considered a cyberterrorist. A special channel also has been set up for citizens to inform on anyone who breaks the law. # ⚓ Judge_Rules_Exemption_Exists_in_Section_230_for_Twitter FOSTA_Case⠀⇛ “In sum, the Court finds that Plaintiffs have stated a claim for civil liability under the [Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act] on the basis of beneficiary liability and that the claim falls within the exemption to Section 230 immunity created by FOSTA.” o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ More_Labor_Unions_Are_Answering_the_Call_for_Solidarity With_Palestine⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Apple_Avoids_Another_Legal_Fight_With_App_Developers⠀⇛ Under the new settlement, Apple also said it would create a $100 million fund for payouts to small app developers and agreed to not raise the commission rate for small developers, which it reduced last year to 15 percent from 30 percent, for at least three years. # ⚓ Apple_has_changed_its_App_Store_rules,_and_Apple’s_critics aren’t_satisfied⠀⇛ And the real answer is … this is somewhere in between a big deal and a nothingburger. But the real story is that scrutiny over the way Apple runs its store, and whether it is preventing companies from offering real competition to both the App Store and Apple-owned services like Apple Music, isn’t going away. If you’re an Apple user who only cares about how much you have to pay for something like Spotify, this might be of interest to you. # ⚓ Intellectual_Property_Bulletin_–_Summer_2021 [Ed: Shamelessly conflating inventions with patents and wrongly implying that looking to invalidate improper and ruinous patents is an attack (inversion of defence/attack narratives)]⠀⇛ In Minerva v. Hologic, the Supreme Court recently upheld the patent-law doctrine of assignor estoppel—which bars the inventor assignor of a patent from denying the validity of their previously assigned patent—but the Court did rein the doctrine in. We assess the implications of Minerva and look at tools employers and other assignees have to strengthen assignor estoppel claims on their patents in light of the ruling. # ⚓ Docket_Alarm_To_Unveil_New_“Enhance”_Feature_that_Provides Actionable_Insights_and_Empowers_Litigation_Feeds [Ed: Digital crack-cocaine for the overzealous litigation 'industry']⠀⇛ # ⚓ Going_for_gold:_counsel_ponder_‘moment_marketing’_legal impact [Ed: So-called 'publicity rights' as another kind of laughable monopoly]⠀⇛ Sources including the agency representing an Indian Olympian embroiled in a marketing controversy discuss the impact on publicity rights law # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Introduction_to_2020_Top_Ten_Patent_Reexamination/ Invalidation_Cases_(Mechanical)⠀⇛ In the top ten patent reexamination & invalidation cases of 2020 announced by the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA), three are related to mechanical technologies. According to the CNIPA, these cases were selected for their guiding value in certain topics typical for patent examination, as well as the considerable social attention focused on them. The opinions reflected in the Decisions of these cases would undoubtedly impose great influence on the practices of both substantial examination and invalidation, and can be cited as supporting reference or evidence to benefit similar cases. Therefore, we summarize below the case brief and typical significance of these cases. # ⚓ Setting_AI_to_rights_|_E&T_Magazine [Ed: "Hey Hi" is just more meaningless nonsense and hype; also, those are not "rights" and calling them that is basically spreading lies and misdirection]⠀⇛ High-performance cloud-based compute power has brought AI within reach of a wide range of businesses, giving the technology the chance to show how it can make commercial processes run more profitably. ‘Revenue from AI’ (RAI) looks set to become a trending industry acronym and to help win more funding for next-generation AI product development. Demand for AI solutions seems assuredly destined for significant growth, with the global market expected to be worth between $126bn (Omdia) and $390bn (Grand View Research) by 2025; PwC reckons AI could contribute up to $15.7tn (£1.11tn) to global economies by 2030. Such projections are highly attractive to nation states keen to boost their GNIs into the 2020s. Big-hitters like China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the UK have stepped up to declare their intentions to become global centres for AI innovation. # ⚓ Opinion:_Albright’s_recent_transfer_approval_shows he’s_fair [Ed: Patrick Wingrove is still whitewashing the most malicious judges in the world, who basically deny the law to turn courts into for-profit corporations until higher courts lash out at them]⠀⇛ The Western District of Texas judge gets a bad rap for his handling of transfer motions, but the stats and his edict for Smile Direct Club suggest he shouldn’t # ⚓ US_Is_Urged_To_Oppose_Brazil’s_Vaccine_IP_Waiver_Bill [Ed: US urged to assassinate millions of people using patents, or deny access to pandemic mitigation techniques in order to enrich already far-to-rich patent overlords]⠀⇛ The Intellectual Property Owners Association has urged the Biden administration to speak out against a Brazilian bill to temporarily waive patent rights and grant compulsory licenses for COVID-19 vaccines and medicine, a measure the group warned would have an “immediate chilling effect” on vaccine research around the world. In a Tuesday letter addressed to both U.S. Trade Representative Katherine C. Tai and acting Director of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Drew Hirshfeld, the association’s president delivered a stern warning that the trade group’s members were watching the proposed Brazilian law with unease. # ⚓ Germany_Formally_Ratifies_The_Agreement_On_A_Unified Patent_Court [Ed: This_is_false._It_is_a_lie._It_is fake_news_from_a_longtime_Team_UPC_parasite,_Dehns.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Can_AI_Be_An_Inventor?_New_Legal_Judgments_Say_Yes. [Ed: Only two fairly irrelevant (in the patent context) countries fell for this rick-rolling by Thaler]⠀⇛ Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are changing the way organizations innovate. These systems are streamlining the innovative process and are becoming valuable tools to create new solutions to various problems. The challenge has been whether a solution developed by a machine can apply for patent protection. This question has significant implications for what technologies companies can protect with patents. # ⚓ Immutep_(ASX:IMM)_share_price_jumps_5%_on_Chinese patent_grant ⠀⇛ Immutep shares are on the move as the company announced it had been granted a Chinese patent on one of its antibody molecules. # ⚓ Immutep_Announces_Chinese_Patent_Grant_for_LAG- 3_Antagonist_Antibody_LAG525⠀⇛ # ⚓ Immutep_Announces_Chinese_Patent_Grant_for_LAG- 3_Antagonist⠀⇛ # ⚓ Immutep_Announces_Chinese_Patent_Grant_for_LAG- 3_Antagonist⠀⇛ This new Chinese patent follows the grant of the corresponding Australian, United States, European, and Japanese patents announced in 2018 through 2020. # ⚓ More_IP_Resources_for_Enterprises_to_Emerge_Stronger from_the_Pandemic_–_IPOS [Ed: Singapore prioritises monopolies (or its oligarchs who rule the country) at the expense of public health]⠀⇛ More IP resources were announced for enterprises to grow their businesses and emerge stronger from the pandemic. This was announced by Minister for Culture, Community and Youth and Second Minister for Law Mr. Edwin Tong at the launch of the annual Intellectual Property Week (IP Week @ SG 2021), according to the official website of the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS). Said Mr. Tong: “In line with the Singapore IP Strategy (SIPS) 2030, which we launched earlier this April, we are introducing a suite of resources to help enterprises maximize the value of their intangible assets (IA) and intellectual property (IP). We hope that these initiatives will provide continued growth opportunities for Singaporean enterprises and IP professionals and in turn strengthen Singapore’s position as a global IA and IP hub. This has also taken on added importance as enterprises position themselves to emerge stronger from the pandemic.” IPOS currently runs complimentary IP business and legal clinics with its network of IP law firms and business consultancy firms once a week. From September 2021, enterprises can access a larger pool of IP practitioners that they can seek advice from during a clinic session. # ⚓ Federal_Court_rules_AI_can_be_‘inventor’ [Ed: Australia has been making itself seem utterly gullible and foolish; but some publishers fail to see that]⠀⇛ The Australian Federal Court has ruled that artificial intelligence (AI) systems can be inventors of patentable inventions in a landmark case. Justice Jonathon Beach handed down his ruling on Friday, saying an inventor could legally be an AI system, but that such a system “could not be the owner, controller or patentee” of a patentable invention. # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Five_IP_trends_in_Argentina_counsel_should_know_about [Ed: How to oversell trademarks to people who neither comprehend nor needs trademark "protection"]⠀⇛ Argentine practitioners reflect on how 2018 and 2019 changes have made trademark work easier on clients, and contemplate joining the PCT # ⚓ Amazon_Launches_IP_Accelerator_in_Singapore_to_Help Small_Businesses_Secure_Trademarks_and_Protect_Their Brands [Ed: Bezos passes money to trademark lawyers to shield himself from criticism while his company recklessly sales dodgy products]⠀⇛ Today, Amazon (NASDAQ: AMZN) launched the Intellectual Property Accelerator (IP Accelerator) in Singapore, making it easier and more cost effective for small and medium- sized businesses (SMBs) to obtain trademarks, protect their brands and tackle infringing goods both in Amazon’s stores and the broader marketplace. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_Apple_Won_Its_Legal_Settlement_With_Developers⠀⇛ Apple said Thursday that it had reached a legal settlement with app developers who accused it of abusing its control of the mobile-app market. The settlement of the lawsuit was complex, and various people in the tech industry had widely different reactions to it. Apple and the people who sued it framed the deal as a major concession from Apple and a victory for developers. Some of Apple’s critics, including companies that pay it millions of dollars in app fees, called it a “sham” that did little to change Apple’s control over apps. Here is an explanation of the settlement and what it means. # ⚓ The_most_popular_posts_on_Facebook_are_plagiarized⠀⇛ Today, I want to look at two aspects of the data. First, we’ll look at the most-viewed posts on Facebook over the past quarter to see where they originally came from. Second, we’ll look at one of the most popular links on the platform, which may be running a grift on US military veterans. # ⚓ It’s_the_end_of_an_era_as_popular_Usenet_platform Newzbin_shuts_down_–_Techzim⠀⇛ In the beginning, when there was only Unix, there was the internet and Usenet. Most people are only familiar with the web part of the internet. In fact, a lot of people think the web and the internet are one and the same thing. This is mentality is going to become even more pervasive and entrenched after one of the world’s most popular and free Usenet indexers, Newzbin announced it was shutting down. The history and reinvention of Usenet You see before Vint Cerf came along with his magical idea of the web we now use and love the most popular way of interacting online was through a system known as Usenet. It was created in 1980-so it’s about as old as our beloved motherland. # ⚓ Simultaneous_Releases_Make_Movie_Piracy_More_(&_Less) Appealing⠀⇛ Movie studios are increasingly experimenting with shorter release windows or even simultaneous theatrical and digital premieres. This is good news for consumers, who have more choice. This drastic decision is also changing the piracy landscape, which worries some stakeholders. However, we caution everyone from jumping to conclusions. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 4808 ➮ Generation completed at 02:40, i.e. 58 seconds to (re)generate ⟲