𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Wednesday, August 24, 2022 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Thu 25 Aug 02:42:33 BST 2022 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/24/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmU5ELpXwLE1ZfJ8H6mSshDjG3x19rMkZWZ8Qx6PKkBWRB QmUReWtcWQ5HsqPCLHEspV2D51CR7gkA9PiDKC7b763DgE QmUZHkoHzitUm38ZMdJ3aeGJsFbcEbrpbxRqLxgvnLFKPL QmRYZ5KjYGZuv3b7JvqAbV4rfX2ZVkMWBfC4aXFKwZjrct QmcPmtYjQ627Bey3DX46YG4WiSgmpF8GB5yDWsvH4ohkxP QmQeorfyCyeAdMaNzuRmrXYgrqiqrzPKP9SHtd6mCKWrFe QmUiMdJ65F7h2Cxy54N5XhhxXLLQwtpgk8b6bvC942r2xY QmNb2ydzs2uqBuBowYxV8oB66PL2Ed3KkRKEaU3DCDTSZ9 QmQe9CSmi7hJdXsrLQALzxjVKn6GwdcmeGuS1KbgZg6DfD QmY8oB1Qg87HBxwHopNxS6LMozLiwmSxad31Ttse73Fh2q QmXt1BammAJUuBrf4QPcungjNg2ePnbbrjoTfCoibP7XTL QmdDSQKaZJPnyDHFjeXTz7ZrVGb39ksdMdmtNhpx75EgdH QmZ7mLY8uo6YvRrfUTtX3hPHDhQgDNyt4AB4fPvzYWrcC4 QmTZezLwd5vekievmKZscKgr1hkxvuHoSSsWhkA4iTy7Tu QmNWKKu3gEEUM8UjAb868zLoy5CP9rUmyUWSSFH78F7ZGy Qmc1hpdpKJMrmE55WT3tg3aQBqe3inuQhnbsjTc8RVVKFq QmZNGE6NoRBC2J66AEvKbXxsP9j48e5nLCkLncW2SuYUD5 Qmd1qRcbFUvYnekMd31x6KbniK82hv6mEweUfvuLLLU3Dn QmPGPjyuWmmi4WH1Pm1qxX7pzZhtRC3umeb4DmdE7NfXdU QmbvCLhKBwB76DsbrKx6Pq16KSvtb9sW8UKVXj9v1pDgCv QmcoFCaZUJmzby8Vb2wg8PBXe6VR8hW77edQo1u3NsCJ3Q ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Jim Zemlin’s Wife (at Bakkt) Seems to be Running a Pyramid Scheme or a Scam, Preying on Gullible People | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Tuesday, August 23, 2022 | Techrights ⦿ Techrights Compatible With Computers From 30+ Years Ago | Techrights ⦿ Links 24/08/2022: xisxwayland 2 and Test Center 3.0 | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/bakkt-scam/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/irc-log-230822/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/techrights-backward-compatible/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/test-center-3-0/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/compiz-0-9-14-2/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/techdirt-turns-25/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 57 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/bakkt-scam/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/24/bakkt-scam/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.24.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Jim_Zemlin’s_Wife_(at_Bakkt)_Seems_to_be_Running_a_Pyramid_Scheme_or_a_Scam, Preying_on_Gullible_People⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Finance, Microsoft at 8:36 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz A quote from yesterday, with prior_context (IRC) and this_article: “Bakkt looks like it could be just a generic pump-and-dump for the VC backers; there’s a spike at the IPO and then it trails off into nothing, because like the 100,000s of similar companies doing the same thing before it, there is nothing to offer. Classic undergrad business school project, just with big backers with deep pockets.” 2019 (early days of this company): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Bakkt_stabbed⦈_ 2022 before the ‘crypto’ collapse (already losing a lot of money): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Bakkt_losses⦈_ April this year: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Bakkt_sued⦈_ And two weeks ago (Earnings_Call_Transcript): “The crypto market has clearly been challenging as the collapse of some coins and other company failures caused stress to investors…” Jim Zemlin decided_to_just_completely_delete_all_of_his_tweets_last_year, but here’s an early page: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇zemlin-tweets⦈_ Loans. What for? Who for? Either way, Bakkt_has_scammed_a_lot_of_people and the Chief Revenue Officer is Sheela Zemlin, who is close_to_Microsoft. Summary: The Linux_Foundation is a bit of a fraud, but it is connected to other frauds and charlatans, who don’t care about Linux and dodge ethical standards ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⡿⢿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⢿⢿⣿⢿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⢻⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢬⡑⣿⣿⣿⢃⡊⡇⣭⡑⡇⣭⢺⢨⣭⡇⣿⢸⣿⡇⡇⣌⠇⣿⣿⠀⣿⢨⣭⢸⢨⣭⣿⡇⣭⠸⠏⣂⢻⢨⡸⡇⣁⢺⣿⢸⣿⣏⣼⣿⣿⢠⡹⢘⢴⡌⡆⣾⡯⣒⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣾⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢟⢿⠿⡻⡿⡻⡿⢟⠿⡻⣫⣿⣿⠹⠻⡿⣿⢿⢹⣿⠿⡻⡿⢟⢿⢹⣿⡏⣿⢙⢿⠿⡻⣿⡿⡿⣿⠏⢟⢿⠿⡻⡏⡿⡻⢿⣿⢹⠿⡻⣿⢿⢛⡏⡟⢿⣿⢟⢿⢽⠛⡏⠟⢿⢟⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣒⣹⣜⣛⣏⣂⣇⣿⣸⣇⣿⢻⣿⣘⣃⣇⣛⣸⣘⣿⣸⣇⣇⣛⣸⣘⣿⣇⣻⣸⣸⣔⣒⣿⣧⣱⣀⣇⣿⣸⣘⣃⣇⣇⣒⣺⣿⣘⣸⣇⣛⣸⣘⣇⣿⣸⣧⣐⣺⣸⣟⣇⣿⣸⣐⣲⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣮⣷⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠻⠛⠁⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣏⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀ ⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⣤⣤⣼⣦⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠛⠛⠻⠙⠛⠛⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣋⣋⣉⣉⣉⠹⠉⠙⠉⠋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⡗⠠⡇⠀⢸⢰⠀⡆⡇⡇⢸⢠⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⡦⣥⣦⣤⣤⣬⢩⣭⣭⣥⣤⢦⣤⡬⣼⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣬⣤⣤⣼⣦⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣈⣸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣏⣀⣀⣿⣿⡇⣏⣈⣸⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣭⣭⣭⣹⣸⣬⣬⣭⣭⣭⣇⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭ ⠀⣿⣿⡇⣁⢸⡏⢽⢩⠩⡉⢙⠩⡁⡄⢥⠁⢹⣷⡄⣈⢸⠭⡃⠃⢩⠋⡏⢉⣿⠠⡏⡩⠩⢉⠉⣯⡅⢩⢩⢉⠉⡏⡍⠨⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⡛⡛⡛⢛⢻⠛⠛⠻⣛⣿⡟⡛⠻⣻⣏⠩⠛⠛⠒⠻⣛⡏⡛⠋⡛⣿⡍⣭⠺⣹⣿⣹⢹⢹⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡗⢶⠲⠢⠶⢶⢾⢲⠓⠞⡶⢿⢷⠾⡥⠿⢷⣶⠷⡶⢷⠾⠶⡷⡖⢲⢳⠿⡷⣛⢲⣿⡟⠾⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⣧⣬⣬⣨⣼⣍⣇⣧⣥⣿⣿⢀⣧⣥⣼⣿⣽⣭⣮⣼⣼⣼⣧⣧⣥⣤⣭⣬⣥⣽⣭⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣏⣋⣯⣏⣛⣹⣙⡛⣏⣍⣉⡿⣙⣛⣻⣛⣋⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣇⣄⣍⣅⣠⣄⣨⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⢛⡻⢟⠟⠛⠛⠛⠻⢻⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⡟⠟⠛⡟⠻⢻⠻⠿⡿⡟⠛⠿⠻⠿⢿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣺⣷⣿⣷⣓⣷⣷⣶⣖⣲⣷⣾⣶⣒⣾⣾⣿⣒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣲⣶⣶⣶⣒⣶⣶⣶⣖⣶⣶⣶⣾⣚⣾⣶⣷⣚⣶⣶⣶⣞⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠶⢶⡶⠶⠶⠶⠤⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣝⣉⠉⣏⣉⣯⣫⣯⣋⣉⣍⣩⣋⣩⣻⣉⣉⢉⣝⣋⣉⣉⣍⣛⣽⣩⣝⣭⢫⣉⣯⣉⣏⣏⣉⣏⣍⣹⣙⡛⣿⣏⣉⡻⣙⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣏⣍⣉⣉⣩⣍⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⠀⠂⢽⠂⠀⡇⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⢿⡿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡿⣿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢿⡿⣿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠠⠼⢆⣰⡿⠁⠀⠧⠠⠸⣇⠄⢀⠄⠄⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⡯⠤⠼⢤⠤⠤⠴⠮⠿⢦⢤⣤⣬⣿⣴⣯⣦⣦⣼⣥⣤⣧⣾⣾⣽⣦⣿⣵⣤⣤⣿⣿⣾⣧⣥⣾⣦⣮⣿⣷⣦⣷⣶⣾⣾⣧⣼⣦⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⢷⠑⡅⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⣏⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⠉⠉⣿⠉⢹⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⣿⣿⣏⠝⠛⠛⠋⠋⡟⠛⢛⠙⠋⣹⠛⢋⡉⢛⠛⡏⢙⠛⢹⠉⠋⠛⣟⠛⢋⡛⢛⣟⢍⡍⢉⡛⣏⠝⠛⢟⡹⢹⢹⠹⢝⢿⡙⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠤⠤⢤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⡤⠤⠤⣯⠤⢬⠤⠤⠤ ⠀⣿⣿⣇⣉⣉⣉⣃⣉⣋⣉⣁⣷⣈⣉⣉⣈⣉⣿⣕⣩⣉⣿⣁⣉⣉⣉⣹⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣅⣉⣍⢹⣁⣉⣉⣍⢩⣭⣉⣙⣉⣯⣉⣯⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⢿⡆⠈⣿⠀⠈⠇⠀⠀⡧⠀⢸⡀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⣦⣵⣮⣼⣯⣼⣤⣬⣤⣵⣥⣍⣹⣼⣷⣼⣬⣭⣭⣿⣭⣤⣭⣿⣠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠉⡟⠋⠉⢻⡎⢻⣷⠀⢰⡟⠉⢹⡿⠉⠙ ⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣼⣿⣤⣬⣿⣤⣼⣧⣤⣬ ⠀⣿⣿⡗⡀⢲⣲⠶⢛⠚⢒⠺⢒⡾⡛⢞⣲⡒⡕⡗⠖⡦⣿⡒⡗⠚⢶⢶⡷⢿⠲⣾⢷⠲⠾⢶⠶⠷⠷⠾⢿⠟⢿⠻⡿⠿⠟⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⠓⠚⡒⣛⠛⡓⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣇⣅⣉⣈⣸⣏⣹⣠⣷⣳⣅⣏⣉⣽⣆⣺⣨⣾⣣⣅⣿⣉⣀⣧⣁⣉⣿⣬⣃⣉⣧⣄⣉⣅⣙⣈⣛⣫⣉⣉⣱⣎⣑⣟⣿⣉⣋⣽⣍⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣯⣤⣥⣧⣽⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣤⣶⣦⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⡿⠿⡟⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣏⢙⣭⡏⠉⡟⢛⠙⠋⡟⠙⠛⠛⢹⡛⣫⡋⠛⣿⡏⢫⣽⡋⠛⣟⡋⡫⠛⠉⠛⠛⢿⢩⡝⠙⠋⠏⣏⠍⢝⠙⠋⠛⢹⢿⡛⢿⢛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣟⣻⣋⣏⣉⣋⣹⣍⣉⣙⣯⣍⣙⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡧⣦⠤⢤⣤⣼⢸⣦⣴⣯⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣦⣤⣷⣤⣬⣤⣼⣤⣦⣼⣧⣴⣤⣤⣤⣿⣧⣬⣥⣥⣥⣬⣤⣤⣯⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣧⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡏⡙⠻⢛⠛⡏⢛⠛⢹⠻⢿⢻⠻⠛⡟⠿⠟⣟⠻⠟⣟⡛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⣈⣈⣉⣍⣹⣏⣇⡋⣩⣦⣰⣄⣟⣙⣉⣙⣙⣫⣋⣉⣹⣹⣉⣽⣉⣉⣉⣏⣋⣉⣋⣍⣩⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡧⡠⠴⠤⠼⡄⣤⠼⠤⡦⢼⠤⠤⠤⢤⣤⣼⢴⠤⢤⡄⣾⣤⣴⣧⣤⣴⣧⣴⣤⣤⣔⣼⣤⣤⣤⣼⣬⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣼⣷⣶⣶⣴⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣦⣾⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⡻⢻⠛⢛⡛⣟⠛⠛⡟⠋⠋⢻⠛⠙⢟⠟⣿⠛⠛⠛⡿⠟⡛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠻⣛⢟⢻⢻⡻⢻⢛⠟⢻⢛⠛⡿⠿⠟⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⣙⣛⣻⣟⣛⣚⣛⣋⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⡭⡴⡴⣤⣴⢴⣀⣧⣄⢼⣬⣤⣮⣤⣤⣤⢼⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣠⣤⣤⣧⣥⣴⣦⣧⣤⣤⣤⣿⣼⣼⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣯⣧⣬⣦⣷⣵⣼⣾⣤⣦⣦⣾⣴⣴⣦⣷⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⡛⠟⢛⡛⠛⠛⠟⡟⠛⡟⡟⣻⣟⠛⠛⡻⡻⣻⡟⠛⠻⠛⢻⠛⢻⠛⠛⠻⣻⠛⠛⠛⣻⠛⢻⠛⠛⢻⠻⠻⡛⠛⢛⠛⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣟⢚⢳⠙⡟⠛⢛⡓⢻⠋⠛⠛⠻⡏⡎⠙⢙⡞⣏⢞⠛⡛⡎⠚⡛⡛⡟⠛⣟⡚⢺⠓⠛⠛⣿⠛⠟⠛⠋⠛⠺⡷⡓⠛⡗⣛⢻⡻⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣏⣉⣹⣩⣙⣙⣏⣉⣹⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣇⣤⣤⣼⣤⣥⣶⣠⣤⣤⣧⣶⣤⣿⣥⣷⣤⣷⣤⣴⣴⣦⣤⣼⣬⣥⣼⣬⣤⣧⣭⣥⣥⣴⣧⣤⣤⣼⣬⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡟⠟⠻⣿⣿⢻⠿⠛⠿⢻⡿⡿⠿⢿⠛⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⡏⠏⡛⠟⢛⢛⢟⣟⢻⣿⠛⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⠛⠻⡿⡟⠛⡟⡟⢛⠻⠛⠛⡟⡟⢻⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢸⣿⣇⣉⣙⣻⣃⣁⣏⣉⣭⣧⣨⣡⣻⣭⣉⣋⣉⣈⣍⣯⣿⣻⣉⣫⣹⣉⣍⣋⣉⣹⣭⣉⣯⣍⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣭⣍⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⡒⠒⢶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⠖⠒⠒⡖⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 350 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/irc-log-230822/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/24/irc-log-230822/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.24.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Tuesday,_August_23,_2022⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:36 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-230822.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-230822.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-230822.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-230822.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmRja5Mem9atWydCWhSyjVAjh5qAZx6TFYy6VH1MyJoMi7 #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmPohcNZMgSV8Ev3ZHbUH38yFk8cWp3pch1gffm4QtyRyL (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  Qman166sinzb8Wo57S3thC2LqWX9mRqrwS6gJ6kuSBiWN8 social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  Qmf7msn3x9sXGEdjrLULpSHs6PjfcgwpVLHdnkCLYeGgSk social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmXEbPrv6nZ38msYpcPnXGpgP3p7Hg3GYKK5v3gDgNZ34Z #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmNnHSfHFJ645yGkSow2sXAfUQbvXD8Mf3HG58wa3JJdy8 (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmbpDKP2v4uT1yWgH4SNskstBNZ9mESBtwUkcfUchyXNj2 #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmUQcKwQk6Nsobw7a8814wPZrTxsJNTaQzhHciYpY7Kzg1 (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmcoFCaZUJmzby8Vb2wg8PBXe6VR8hW77edQo1u3NsCJ3Q ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 477 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/techrights-backward-compatible/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/24/techrights-backward-compatible/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.24.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Techrights_Compatible_With_Computers_From_30+_Years_Ago⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 7:32 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Back to DOS era 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇The TR site⦈ No SSL (optional) means more accessibility 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇The TR IRC channel⦈ Non-SSL access as an option Summary: Britney has fired up Windows 3.11 to show we’re compatible with it, both on the IRC side and the Web side ⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ 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⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 576 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/24/test-center-3-0/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/24/test-center-3-0/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.24.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_24/08/2022:_xisxwayland_2_and_Test_Center_3.0⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 7:51 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Graphics_Stack o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o Games * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o Screenshots/Screencasts o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Devices/Embedded o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Programming/Development # Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh * Leftovers o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Civil_Rights/Policing o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ [ANNOUNCE]_xisxwayland_2⠀⇛ xisxwayland 2 is now available. xisxwayland connects to the X server and exits with status code 0 if that server is Xwayland. This tool is intended to be used in shell scripts and/or to make it easier for users to check whether they're on a Wayland or X session. As of version 2 xisxwayland now first checks for the new XWAYLAND extension before falling back to the previous heuristics. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Kasts_–_convergent_podcast_software⠀⇛ There is a wide range of podcast tools available for Linux, but we are always looking for new tools. We’ve received comments from readers recommending we take a look at Kasts, an app we had neglected. With a plethora of interesting open source software available, sometimes we can’t see the wood for the trees. Kasts is billed as a “convergent podcast application”. The program is written in C++ and QML and uses the Kirigami UI Framework. It’s free and open source software. In other words, it is more about the looks than the features. # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ Zellij_–_A_Terminal_Workspace_for_Linux Developers⠀⇛ If you have worked with terminal multiplexers like screen and tmux, then you might have an idea about Zellij, which is a terminal workspace and multiplexer. This article will walk us through the installation and basic usage of Zellij on a Linux system. [...] In comparison to the likes of screen and tmux multiplexers, Zellij is detail-oriented such that it is pre-packaged with an out-of-the-box user- friendly UI. # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ ytfzf_–_Find_and_Watch_YouTube_Videos_in Linux_Terminal⠀⇛ The Linux terminal environment is a preferred workspace for a growing number of Linux users due to some obvious facts. Firstly, it is by default dissociated from the Linux OS GUI environment which makes it faster to load and execute keyed-in commands. Secondly, most Linux packages are terminal-oriented which means that you are more likely to install a majority of application packages from the command line than from the OS Software Center (GUI). Thirdly, it is logically recommended to test web and desktop server applications from the command- line environment because of its fast execution time and resource-friendly nature. [...] Use the keyboard arrow keys to navigate to the video of your choice and press [Enter] to start playing Youtube video in the Linux terminal. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ PanWriter:_Distraction-free_writing_tool •_The_Register⠀⇛ PanWriter isn’t all that small, but it’s simple, clean, and does the bare minimum over a plain text editor. If you are a programmer there is an almost embarrassing abundance of text editors, from crusty old things from the 1970s that require you to actively cultivate Stockholm Syndrome, to sophisticated modern efforts that try to type your code for you. There are fewer choices if what you write is intended for humans, rather than computers, to read. Of course, there are word processors, although Microsoft Word has killed most of them off by now. Its single most valuable tool, Outline View, is now a niche feature that the freebie web and Android versions don’t bother to include. There’s always WordPerfect, the killer app that won’t die, if you have the time to learn its UI. LibreOffice is very handy, but also doesn’t implement the outliner. [...] Without bloating the app with extra features, the one thing we’d like to see is an integrated wordcount, but otherwise, even at the current version 0.8.4, PanWriter is close to perfect # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Linux-First_AI_Image_Upscaler_Upscayl_Released its_First_Version⠀⇛ Got a pixelated, low-resolution image from the 2000s? Thanks to the advancement of artificial intelligence, you can easily enhance pixelated images into better resolution images. Using a regular image editor requires manual efforts for upscaling the images. There are tons of online AI image upscalers available, but they can’t be trusted with your data. A new project tries to solve this by providing you with a simple desktop application that lets you enhance low resolution photos in a new click. It’s first version is released today. Upscayl Features Upscayl is a cross-platform application built with the Linux-first philosophy. This simply means that Linux builds get priority but other platforms will also be supported. Developed using Python and JavaScript, Upscayl gives a simple interface where you select the input image and output folder and hit the Upscayl button to enhance the image. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Where_to_start_with_linux_authentication?_—_Firstyear’s blog-a-log⠀⇛ Recently I was asked about where someone could learn how linux authentication works as a “big picture” and how all the parts communicate. There aren’t too many great resources on this sadly, so I’ve decided to write this up. # ⚓ FOSSLife ☛ A_Quick_and_Easy_Guide_to_Setting_Up_Audio_on FreeBSD⠀⇛ Whether for music, communication, or notifications, audio is an important feature of many personal computer systems. In a new FreeBSD system, an audio card will need to be configured to process audio files and send them to the connected speakers. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Boiling Steam ☛ New_Steam_Games_with_Native_Linux_Clients_– 2022-08-24_Edition_–_Boiling_Steam⠀⇛ Between 2022-08-17 and 2022-08-24 there were 24 New Steam games released with Native Linux clients. For reference, during the same time, there were 256 games released for Windows on Steam, so the Linux versions represent about 9.4 % of total released titles. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾ # ⚓ Video ☛ Rocky_Linux_9.0_Quick_overview_#linux_#RockyLinux_– Invidious⠀⇛ o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ 2_practical_ways_to_use_filters_to manipulate_data_in_Ansible_|_Enable_Sysadmin⠀⇛ Filters also allow you to manage other settings. I will cover some of them in future articles, like converting from lists to dictionaries and vice- versa, converting data to and from JSON and YAML, and more. # ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ IT_talent:_4_interview_questions_to prep_for⠀⇛ Our rapid adoption of remote work has had many unintended consequences. From the proliferation of video conferencing and using Zoom as a verb to a mass exodus of people leaving cities to live in more rural locations, the way we work has dramatically changed. As a result, the remote interview has become part of companies’ everyday hiring practices, opening up hiring managers to larger talent pools unrestricted by geographical location. As companies look to scale, one challenge that may seem daunting is sifting through resumes and applications to find truly qualified IT candidates. Interviewing efficiently may be part of the solution, but that requires asking candidates the right questions about both their hard and soft skills. For IT candidates, the interview process is a valuable opportunity to highlight their technical expertise and show how they are a good fit for the company’s culture. # ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Red_Hat_expands_support_for_Java_with_Eclipse Temurin_|_Red_Hat_Developer⠀⇛ Eclipse Temurin is a relatively new distribution of OpenJDK from the Eclipse Adoptium community. It has become the distribution of choice for many Java developers since its first Java SE release in August 2021; with over half a billion downloads, it is the most popular build of OpenJDK in production. We are expanding our support for Java applications by including support for Eclipse Temurin. Read on to learn more about the Temurin project and how Red Hat supports Temurin development and production use cases. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ DeskPi_Super6C_mini-ITX_board_takes_up_to_6x Raspberry_Pi_CM4_modules⠀⇛ The Super6C offers a much slimmer design since the modules are inserted horizontally instead of vertically, plus each module comes with its own M.2 NVMe SSD socket besides a microSD card slot. The board also features two Gigabit Ethernet ports and two HDMI outputs, as well as four USB 2.0 ports. # ⚓ The DIY Life ☛ A_New_Raspberry_Pi_Powered_Laptop_–_The CrowPi-L_–_The_DIY_Life⠀⇛ Today we’re going to be taking a look at the new CrowPi-L, a Raspberry Pi 4 based laptop by Elecrow. This is essentially a slimmed-down and slightly more refined version of the popular CrowPi2. [...] Overall I think the CrowPi-L is a really great product. The design is well thought out and the display they’ve used is excellent. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Android Authority ☛ The_most_popular_Android_phone_in_North America_might_be_unexpected⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Android_games_on_TV?_Amkette’s_EvoFox Game_Box_trades_modernism_for_simplicity_–_Hindustan_Times⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Authority ☛ Poll:_Have_you_received_low_storage warnings_on_your_Android_TV_device?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Business Standard ☛ OPPO_Pad_Air_review:_Affordable_Android tablet_good_for_casual_everyday_use_|_Business_Standard News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Computer World ☛ 5_out-of-sight_superpowers_for_Google Contacts_on_Android_|_Computerworld⠀⇛ # ⚓ Descenders_Launches_on_Mobile_Devices,_Sells_Well_on Android_–_Phandroid⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ Daniel_Stenberg:_What_if_I_vanished?⠀⇛ I get this question fairly often. How would the projects I run manage if I took off? And really, the primary project people think of then is of course curl. How would the curl project manage if I took a forever vacation starting now? Of course I don’t know that. We can’t really know for sure until the day comes (in the distant future) when I actually do this. Then you can come back to this post and see how well I anticipated what would happen. Let me be clear: I do not have any plans to leave the curl project or in any way stop my work on it, neither in the short nor long term. I hope to play this game for a long time still. I am living the dream after all. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Qt ☛ Test_Center_3.0_Available_Now⠀⇛ The Test Center team is happy to deliver the next major release of Test Center, version 3.0, offering support for Squish Coco coverage reports. You can now browse and analyze your code coverage reports right next to your test reports stored in Test Center. # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Open_source_for_beginners:_setting_up_your_dev environment_with_LXD_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ If you are a developer, or even just a person generally interested in technology, you already know that cloud computing is what keeps the wheels turning today. It emerged as a way to run things more efficiently and reduce the burden of infrastructure management. There are many tools you can use to develop, test, deploy and integrate systems in the cloud, be it private or public, and there is no right or wrong way to go about learning this. In the “Open source for beginners” blog series, we go over some of the valuable open-source tools or infrastructure options that can help get you started on your cloud journey. LXD is one such versatile tool. It’s great for both people that are just starting and organisations that are looking for a resource-efficient way to develop and deploy their systems. Are you looking for a way to practice your Linux commands without jeopardizing your underlying system? Want to practice running complex infrastructure use cases? Perhaps you’d like to understand how the application you develop on your laptop would behave on a cloud instance. LXD is likely the right choice. # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ The_80-Year_Computer_Scientist_Who_Termed ‘Unix’_Adds_Unicode_Support_to_AWK_Code⠀⇛ Brian Kernighan is popularly known for his work along with the creators of Unix, Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. He made significant contributions to the development of Unix. Not just that, Brian Kernighan also suggested the name “Unix” and created the “Hello, world” as a test phrase for programs. You might also recognize him as a co-author of the book “The C Programming Language” along with Dennis Ritchie. So, it is safe to say he’s an important part of everything you know about Unix, Linux, BSD, and the evolution of C programming language. And, as an 80-year-old (now), he seems to have invested some time to add a new feature to “AWK”, a scripting language he co-created back in the 1970s. 💙 That’s wonderful, right? And, sounds like something to inspire us. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ The Nation ☛ dear_little_b,⠀⇛ be bodacious if you feel like it. be camouflaged, if not. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Four_Decades_of_Attacking Teachers_Is_Destroying_Public_Education⠀⇛ Kansas is facing the worst teacher shortage in the state’s history. In Florida, school districts must try to fill some 9,000 job openings, just as students are returning to classrooms. And in California, teacher retirements are way up, even as the supply of new teachers has dwindled.  # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Teachers’_Strike_in_Columbus_About Students,_Says_Union,_Not_Wages⠀⇛ “This strike is about our students.” o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ The_First-Ever_Kansas_City_Keyboard_Meetup_Is This_Weekend⠀⇛ Sometimes, if you wait long enough for something you want, it will come to you. Whether it’s the law of attraction or just plain laziness, it has finally happened — there’s a keyboard meetup happening within a 500-mile radius of me. As far as I know, it’s the first one ever in Kansas City. I’m going, I’m bringing weird keyboards, and I might even have some Hackaday stickers to sprinkle around. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ IBM’s_Early_PC_Attracts_Time_Travelers⠀⇛ It wasn’t long ago I was nostalgic about an old computer I saw back in the 1980s from HP. It was sort of an early attempt at a PC, although price- wise it was only in reach for professionals. HP wasn’t the only one to try such a thing, and one of the more famous attempts was the company that arguably did get the PC world rolling: IBM. Sure, there were other companies that made PCs before the IBM PC, but that was the computer that cemented the idea of a computer on an office desk or at your home more than any computer before it. Even now, our giant supercomputer desktop machines boot as though they were a vintage 1981 PC for a few minutes on each startup. But the PC wasn’t the first personal machine from IBM and, in fact, the IBM 5100 was not only personal, but it was also portable. Well, portable by 1970s standards that also had very heavy video cameras and luggable computers like the Osborne 1. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ 2022_Hackaday_Prize:_Plant_Monitoring_System Grows_To_Include_LoRa⠀⇛ Change on industrial scales is slow, but if you’re operating your own small farm or simply working in a home garden there are some excellent ways to use water more effectively. The latest tool from [YJ] makes it possible to use much less water while still keeping plant yields high. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Flapping_PCB_Fan_Blows_A_Little_Bit⠀⇛ Moving air with spinning blades is the most popular way, but it is not the only way. Using the PCB actuator technology he has been working on for the past few years, [Carl Bugeja] built a small electromagnetic flapping fan using a custom flexible PCB. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ High-Speed_RC_Car_Needs_A_Flight_Controller⠀⇛ The fastest ground vehicles on earth are not driven by their wheels but by an aircraft jet engine. At world record speeds, they run on an aerodynamic razor’s edge between downforce, which limits speed, and liftoff, which can result in death and destruction. [rctestflight] wanted to see what it takes to run an RC car at very high speeds, so he built a ducted-fan powered car with aerodynamic control surfaces and an aircraft flight controller. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Integrated_Circuit_Manufacturing_At_Bell_Labs_In 1983⠀⇛ With the never ending march of technological progress, arguably the most complex technologies become so close to magic as to be impenetrable to those outside the industry in which they operate. We’ve seen walkthrough video snapshots of just a small part of the operation of modern semiconductor fabs, but let’s face it, everything you see is pretty guarded, hidden away inside large sealed boxes for environmental control reasons, among others, and it’s hard to really see what’s going on inside. Let’s step back in time a few decades to 1983, with an interesting tour of the IC manufacturing facility at Bell Labs at Murray Hill (video, embedded below) and you can get a bit more of an idea of how the process works, albeit at a time when chips hosted mere tens of thousands of active devices, compared with the countless billions of today. This fab operates on three inch wafers, producing about 100 die each, with every one handled and processed by hand whereas modern wafers are much bigger, die often much smaller with the total die per wafer in the thousands and are never handled by a filthy human. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Wyden_Launches_Probe_Into_Deceptive Marketing_by_Medicare_Advantage_Plans⠀⇛ In his capacity as chair of the Senate Finance Committee, which has jurisdiction over federal healthcare programs under the Social Security Act, including privately run Medicare Advantage (MA) and Part D drug plans, Wyden (D-Ore.) sent letters requesting more information from 15 state insurance commissioners and state health insurance assistance programs. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ How_to_Kill_a_Rural_Hospital⠀⇛ In her 10 years as a nurse, Sara Pikaart had never ignored a call light. But in the early weeks of the Covid-19 pandemic in the United States, Pikaart simply had no way to respond to all the patients’ appeals for help. At Rehoboth McKinley Christian Hospital in Gallup, N.M., there were too many patients and too few nurses. The town of 21,000 was locked down, and just outside its borders, the Navajo Nation was reporting infection rates higher than those in New York City. There was no comparable hospital for 120 miles, yet RMCH’s CEO had just laid off 17 nurses. Pikaart was terrified: “I just had this feeling all day, like I was going to walk into a patient’s room and find them dead.” This article was supported by the Economic Hardship Reporting Project. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Wladimir Palant ☛ Wladimir_Palant:_Attack_surface_of extension_pages⠀⇛ In the previous article we discussed extension privileges. And as we know from another article, extension pages are the extension context with full access to these privileges. So if someone were to attack a browser extension, attempting Remote Code Execution (RCE) in an extension page would be the obvious thing to do. In this article we’ll make some changes to the example extension to make such an attack against it feasible. But don’t be mistaken: rendering our extension vulnerable requires actual work, thanks to the security measures implemented by the browsers. This doesn’t mean that such attacks are never feasible against real-world extensions. Sometimes even these highly efficient mechanisms fail to prevent a catastrophic vulnerability. And then there are of course extensions explicitly disabling security mechanisms, with similarly catastrophic results. Ironically, both of these examples are supposed security products created by big antivirus vendors. Note: This article is part of a series on the basics of browser extension security. It’s meant to provide you with some understanding of the field and serve as a reference for my more specific articles. You can browse the extension-security- basics category to see other published articles in this series. [...] I’ll discuss all the changes to the example extension one by one. But you can download the ZIP file with the complete extension source code here. Before an extension page can run malicious code, this code has to come from somewhere. Websites, malicious or not, cannot usually access extension pages directly however. So they have to rely on extension content scripts to pass malicious data along. This separation of concerns reduces the attack surface considerably. But let’s say that our extension wanted to display the price of the item currently viewed. The issue: the content script cannot download the JSON file with the price. That’s because the content script itself runs on www.example.com whereas JSON files are stored on data.example.com, so same-origin policy kicks in. # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Mudge_Files_Whistleblower_Complaint against_Twitter⠀⇛ Peiter Zatko, aka Mudge, has filed a whistleblower complaint with the SEC against Twitter, claiming that they violated an eleven-year-old FTC settlement by having lousy security. And he should know; he was Twitter’s chief security officer until he was fired in January. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Reuters ☛ Saudi_‘surveillance_city’:_Would_you_sell your_data_to_The_Line?⠀⇛ In the desert sands of Saudi Arabia’s deep northwest, thousands of workers are building a futuristic city that the kingdom says will be like no other. Out of the ancient sands will emerge a high- tech urban centre called The Line: zero- carbon with flying drones for taxis, holographs for teachers and even a man-made moon. The smart city is housed within NEOM, a $500- billion business zone aimed at diversifying the economy of the world’s top oil exporter, and the brainchild of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. NEOM is financed, in part, by the nation’s sovereign wealth fund, and is due to be completed by 2025. # ⚓ Internet Freedom Foundation ☛ Bittersweet_moment:_5 years_to_the_landmark_Privacy_judgement,_but_no_data protection_law_yet!_#SaveOurPrivacy⠀⇛ Today marks the 5-year anniversary of a momentous day in constitutional history, especially significant for the history of digital rights and freedom in India. On August 24, 2017, a landmark judgement by a nine judge bench of the Supreme Court in the Justice K.S. Puttaswamy. (Retd.) v. Union of India recognised the right to privacy as a fundamental right under the Constitution of India. The declaration of privacy as a right and an integral part of the right to life and liberty was a watershed moment in the constitutional history of data protection. The historic judgement also has far reaching consequences for key areas such as mass and targetted surveillance, right to freely express one’s sexual preference, etc. The fundamental right to privacy was further cemented as the Supreme Court acknowledged its application across the golden triangle of the Indian Constitution, i.e., fundamental rights pertaining to equality and dignity (Article 14), speech and expression (Article 19), and, life and liberty (Article 21). [...] We have tracked developments on this front rather closely (and optimistically) as we continuously strive to ensure that the Government upholds this fundamental right for all citizens of India. Our fight for privacy and India’s journey to build a comprehensive privacy law began in 2017 when the Supreme Court directed the Government to bring out a robust data protection regime. We engaged with the three key versions of a data protection bill, i.e., the Draft Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018, the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019 (“PDPB, 2019”) and the Data Protection Bill, 2021 (“DPB, 2021”) through submissions to public consultations, filing RTI applications requesting transparency and proactive disclosure, sending representations to various Government ministries and departments advocating for privacy. There is no doubt that the DPB, 2021 was imperfect (read our public brief on DPB, 2021 here). While it should have ideally empowered the user with rights surrounding their own personal information, it failed to prioritise the user. It instead provided large exemptions to Government departments, prioritised the interests of big corporations, and did not adequately respect our fundamental right to privacy. Despite these drawbacks, a bill in the making gave us hope that we were closer to a law with scope for significant improvement through judicial interventions and legislative procedures such as amendments. However, on August 03, 2022, the Minister for Communications and Information Technology, Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw withdrew the draft Data Protection Bill, 2021 in the Lok Sabha. The stated reason for the withdrawal was to accommodate the several changes suggested by the Joint Parliamentary Committee on the PDPB, 2019 and to make way for a ‘comprehensive legal framework’ that can address the rapidly evolving technology landscape in India. We are very disappointed with the decision to withdraw a Bill that has been in the making for over 4 years, subject to long consultations and review processes (read our statement on the withdrawal here). The impact this delay has on the users is that as of today there exists limited remedy for Indians in case of any violation of their digital rights. Moving forward, we hope that the feedback and input provided by technical experts, civil society and digital rights organisations as well as several Members of Parliament in the form of dissent notes filed by them, be considered and taken into account while forming the new comprehensive legal framework. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_The_Questions_We_Must_Be_Asking About_a_Second_American_Civil_War⠀⇛ Right about now, a difficult and problematic question has to be asked—and answered with lethal certainty, too. To say that this is a crucial juncture in American history is an understatement. The signs are portents are ominous—is America headed for a second civil war? # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ “A_Crime_of_the_State”:_Mexico’s_Attorney General_Arrested_in_Case_of_43_Missing_Ayotzinapa_Students⠀⇛ Mexican authorities arrested former Attorney General Jesús Murillo Karam on Friday for his failure to conduct a thorough investigation into the disappearance of 43 students from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers’ College in 2014. This came a day after a truth commission formed by current President Andrés Manuel López Obrador said the students’ disappearance was a “crime of the state.” The students had been traveling in Iguala when their buses were intercepted by local police and federal military forces in September 2014; some of their remains were found later. Dozens of soldiers and police officers are also expected to face charges. With a high-level official being held accountable in the case, there is hope “that there will be justice, and we will finally know what happened to these 43 students,” says Andalusia Soloff, independent journalist who has reported on the Ayotzinapa case since its inception and published a graphic novel about the disappeared students. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Will_Europe_Fracture_Over_the_War_With Ukraine?⠀⇛ This year’s scorching European summer has fostered a strange mixture of hedonism and stoicism. The post-Covid determination to take a holiday and frolic in the sun has existed alongside a pervasive sense of resignation in the face of hardships already looming on the horizon. It is a jarring contradiction born of the all-too-real awareness that a war is being fought next door. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Hopes_and_Fears_as_the_Ukraine War_Drags_On⠀⇛ The Russian war on Ukraine represents the most dangerous development in the world at this moment, more threatening in the short run than climate change or pandemics. The war has raised not only fears but also hopes for millions around the world. While I share the apprehensions of many, those of us on the international socialist left also have hopes that war in Ukraine can lead to making the world a better and safer place. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘She_died_on_the_frontlines’:_Eurasianist philosopher_Alexander_Dugin_eulogizes_his_daughter,_killed_in a_car_bombing_in_Moscow_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Daria Dugina, the Eurasianist pundit and activist who died in a car bombing last weekend, received a farewell ceremony at Moscow’s Ostankino Television Technical Center on Tuesday, August 23. In attendance were Eurasianist philosopher Alexander Dugin (her father), the leaders of multiple political parties, several public figures, and even a representative from the Putin administration. Two days after Dugina’s death, federal officials in Russia blamed the Ukrainian intelligence community for orchestrating the attack, naming as their primary suspect a Ukrainian woman who allegedly tailed Dugina before the blast and left for Estonia almost immediately afterward. The Ukrainian government has denied any role in the murder. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Federal_Jury_Finds_2_Men_Guilty_of_Plot_to Kidnap_Gov._Gretchen_Whitmer⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Conviction_of_Whitmer_Kidnap_Plotters Called_Win_in_Battle_Against_Far-Right_Extremists⠀⇛ Adam Fox and Barry Croft Jr. were both convicted by a jury Tuesday for the foiled plot to kidnap Whitmer that included plans to blow up a bridge. The two men were also convicted of weapons charges that stemmed from the violent scheme. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Another_assassination_attempt_on_employee_of occupation_administration_in_Kherson_—_Meduza⠀⇛ On August 22, 2022, an attempt was made on the life of Igor Telegin, an employee of the Russian- controlled occupation administration of Kherson region. # ⚓ Project Censored ☛ Economic_Consequences_of_US_Gun_Violence –_Validated_Independent_News⠀⇛ According to a July 2022 report titled “The Economic Cost of Gun Violence” by Everytown for Gun Safety, “America cannot afford gun violence.” In an average year, US gun violence has an economic consequence of $557 billion, a figure that continues to increase as more mass shootings occur. These costs represent the lifetime expenses associated with gun violence, such as long-term physical and mental health care, earnings lost to disability or death, criminal justice and police investigations, and more. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_The_West’s_Dangerously_Simple- Minded_Narrative_About_Russia_and_China⠀⇛ The world is on the edge of nuclear catastrophe in no small part because of the failure of Western political leaders to be forthright about the causes of the escalating global conflicts. The relentless Western narrative that the West is noble while Russia and China are evil is simple-minded and extraordinarily dangerous.  It is an attempt to manipulate public opinion, not to deal with very real and pressing diplomacy.  o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ GOP_Candidate_Says_the_Climate_Bill_Is_Bad Because_“We’ve_Got_Enough_Trees”⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Our_Research_Shows_That_Big_Oil’s Plans_for_Combating_Climate_Crisis_Are_Bunk⠀⇛ Several major oil companies, including BP and Shell, periodically publish scenarios forecasting the future of the energy sector. In recent years, they have added visions for how climate change might be addressed, including scenarios that they claim are consistent with the international Paris climate agreement. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Climate_Crisis_Pushing_Up_to_1_in_6_US_Tree Species_Toward_Extinction:_Study⠀⇛ After five years of study, a coalition of scientists from Botanic Gardens Conservation International, NatureServe, the U.S. Botanic Garden, and other groups revealed that as many as one in six U.S. tree species are in danger of becoming extinct due largely to disease and invasive insects—both of which have been quietly made more devastating to trees in recent years by the climate crisis. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘People_won’t_like_what’s_happening_at_home’_With prices_and_unemployment_on_the_rise,_Meduza’s_sources_say Kremlin_officials_fear_Russians_are_in_for_a_rude_awakening this_fall_—_Meduza⠀⇛ The Putin administration is bracing itself for an anticipated rise in popular discontent in Russia, as prices continue to go up and factories shut down, informed sources told Meduza. Kremlin officials and the political strategists on their payroll believe that Vladimir Putin’s supporters are losing interest in the war against Ukraine — which means they’re beginning to pay attention to other issues. And with the start of the school year fast approaching, the pressures of getting the kids ready for class could be the final straw. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Progressives_Tell_Biden_to_Cancel_All_Student Debt_as_He_Weighs_$10k_Plan⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Disaster_Capitalism_at_Its_Worst’:_Profits of_Grain_Giants_Spark_Global_Criticism⠀⇛ That’s how Kartick Raj, a Human Rights Watch researcher focused on poverty and inequality in Western Europe, responded Tuesday to The Guardian’s new reporting on the world’s four grain giants raking in record profits—which is fueling calls for a global windfall tax. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Anger_Mounts_Over_Biden’s_Reported_Plan_to Means-Test_Student_Debt_Relief⠀⇛ As soon as Wednesday, Biden is expected to make public his intention to unilaterally wipe $10,000 off the balances of undergraduate student loan borrowers with annual incomes of less than $125,000. The president is also poised to extend the student loan repayment freeze for “several more months,” according to NBC News. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Maxwell_Frost_Could_Be_Florida’s_Addition to_Progressive_Squad_in_US_House⠀⇛ The former March for Our Lives and ACLU organizer—who now drives an Uber to make ends meet while campaigning—was named by 34% of respondents in the survey as the Democrat they’d most likely vote for in Tuesday’s primary. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Mysterious_Right-Wing_Donor_Drops_$1.6_Billion Gift_on_Federalist_Society_Boss⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ NY_Primaries_“Thrown_Into_Chaos_by Redistricting,”_Favoring_Conservatives⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ More_Than_300_Classified_Docs_Have_Been Retrieved_From_Mar-a-Lago_—_So_Far⠀⇛ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ National_Poll_Shows_Nothing_More_Than_The_People Likely_To_Be_Angered_By_The_FBI’s_Raid_On_Trump’s_Home_Were Angered_By_It⠀⇛ Let’s get this out of the way immediately: the FBI is not a trustworthy agency. It has a long history of civil rights abuses, national security power abuses, and has spent more than four years refusing to be honest about the effect device encryption has on investigations. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Thanks_to_Manchin,_IRA’s_Methane_Fee_on_Big Oil_Is_Riddled_With_Massive_Holes⠀⇛ But analysts and climate advocates fear that the fee, which is aimed at incentivizing U.S. fossil fuel companies to stop deliberately spewing the gas into the atmosphere, will have a muted impact on rapidly rising methane emissions given that 60% of the oil and gas industry is exempt from the penalty. # ⚓ DeSmog ☛ Thanks_to_Manchin,_IRA’s_Methane_Fee_on_Big_Oil_Is Riddled_With_Massive_Holes⠀⇛ The newly enacted Inflation Reduction Act contains the world’s first-ever fee on methane, a powerful greenhouse gas believed to be responsible for roughly 30 percent of global temperature rise since the Industrial Revolution. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Get_Into_Jail_Card⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Republicans_Ramp_Up_Their_“Defund_the_FBI” Stunt⠀⇛ For roughly two weeks now, since the FBI executed a court-authorized search of Donald Trump’s Mar-a- Lago residence for documents pilfered from the White House by the former president, Georgia Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene has been calling for the dissolution of federal law enforcement. “Defund the FBI!” Greene tweeted on August 8, a sentiment she would echo in multiple follow-up posts, coupled with demands that the Justice Department be dismantled and Merrick Garland—against whom Greene has filed impeachment articles—be removed as attorney general. A few days after her original screed, Greene shared a campaign-style grainy montage of Fox News talking heads and cable news clips, a series of sound bites meant to terrify white conservatives into believing that the FBI is enforcing the law with color-blind vigor. “Joe Biden has weaponized the FBI and DOJ against President Trump and his supporters,” the accompanying text on the post warned. “This isn’t the first time. and it won’t be the last.” The only surefire way to fight to the power, the ad suggests? With a “Defund the FBI” hat or T-shirt, which Greene just so happens to be selling on her fundraising website for $30 a pop. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Youthfulness⠀⇛ There’s talk of Biden’s age, but not of Trump’s. So how’s The Donald’s youthfulness conveyed? When he begins to bully or he whines, He sounds as if he’s still in second grade. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Tariq_Ali:_Terrorism_Charges_Against Pakistan’s_Former_PM_Imran_Khan_Are_“Truly_Grotesque”⠀⇛ We speak to the Pakistani British historian and writer Tariq Ali about new anti-terrorism charges brought against former Prime Minister Imran Khan after he spoke out against the country’s police and a judge who presided over the arrest of one of his aides. His rivals have pressed for severe charges against Khan to keep him out of the next elections as his popularity grows across the country, says Ali. Ali also discusses devastating floods in Pakistan, which have killed nearly 800 people over the past two months, and have never happened “on this scale.” # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Redrawn_Districts_in_NY_Primary_Pit Progressives_Against_Self-Funded_Millionaire_&_Nadler_vs. Maloney⠀⇛ Primaries in New York’s redrawn congressional districts have led to heated battles within the Democratic Party that could have national implications. In the newly created 10th Congressional District, Dan Goldman, a conservative Democrat and heir to a multimillion-dollar Levi Strauss fortune, is running against a diverse field of candidates that includes Mondaire Jones, Yuh- Line Niou, Carlina Rivera and Elizabeth Holtzman. The New York Times endorsed Goldman without noting its publisher’s connection to the millionaire. Many congressional seats have been “thrown into chaos by redistricting” and seem to favor more conservative candidates, says Alex Sammon, staff writer at The American Prospect who has been closely following local races. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Human_rights_activists_confirm_murder_by_Chechen security_forces_of_Telegram_channel_moderator_abducted_in September_2020_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Salman Tepsurkaev, the moderator of a Telegram channel that monitors human rights abuses in Chechnya, was murdered by local security forces almost two years ago. In an interview published on Tuesday, August 23, lawyer and activist Olga Sadovskaya confirmed what many already suspected: Tepsurkaev was killed a few days after he was abducted in Gelendzhik and transported to Chechnya, where Chechen officials took his clothes and forced him to record a video where he called his work online “obscene” before torturing himself on camera (by trying to sit on a glass bottle). # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Twitter_Removes_Florida_Political_Candidate Advocating_Shooting_Federal_Agents;_If_DeSantis_Won_His Lawsuit,_Twitter_Would_Need_To_Leave_It_Up⠀⇛ The Florida Politics site has a report on what appears to a be truly despicable individual running for the Florida state house with horrifically dangerous ideas — who has now been banned from Twitter. The article notes that he’s still on Instagram and Facebook, though it looks like the same message that got him banned from Twitter has been taken down from both Instagram and Facebook (plenty of other, equally incendiary, messages remain, however). Here’s the message that got candidate Luis Miguelus banned: # ⚓ Project Censored ☛ False_Balance_in_Establishment_Press Coverage_of_Supreme_Court’s_Decision_to_Overturn_Roe_v._Wade –_Validated_Independent_News⠀⇛ Various scholars have fought to understand what the Court’s decision signifies and the establishment media’s influence in presenting these debates is a complex political issue. The media frames the ruling in terms of what Dan Froomkin at Fairness & Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) describes as “both- sidesism.” In doing so, the establishment press attempts to “be fair in a way that doesn’t alert readers to what the real stakes of the situation are,” Duke University professor Nancy McLean told FAIR. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Critics_Call_Bullsh*t_on_the_‘Let_Trump Walk_to_Save_Democracy’_Crowd⠀⇛ “The Republican Party has turned itself against electoral democracy.” o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Magazine_pulls_cover_story_with_Eurovision_star Manizha_after_singer’s_anti-war_statements_land_her_on ‘banned_artists_list’_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Krasnodar magazine Sobaka.ru has pulled its cover story and interview with Manizha, the singer and former Eurovision contestant, over her anti-war statements. Manizha has been quite open in her opposition to the war in Ukraine, and was included on the unofficial “list of banned artists.” The retraction was reported by 93.ru and Telegram channel Redaktsia. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_Filter⠀⇛ You know the stories by now. A group of people, poorly compensated, are arranged in a call center environment as contract workers for a platform you’ve definitely heard of, in a nondescript office somewhere, likely in the Philippines or the American Southwest. At their desks, on a screen, they watch footage of people being raped or killed, of violence committed against children and animals—they see it and scrub the footage from the platform. The workers’ mental health suffers, and PTSD plagues them long after the last post they filter. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Newsom_Vetoes_Bill_That_Would_Have_Established Supervised_Injection_Sites⠀⇛ # ⚓ Project Censored ☛ Corporate_Media_Has_Failed_to_Report Accurately_on_the_Threats_to_Women’s_Reproductive_Rights_– Censored_Notebook,_Dispatches_from_Project_Censored:_On_Media and_Politics⠀⇛ In the weeks since the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, the corporate media has been saturated with analyses and reports about the implications of the ruling for women’s lives and health. Legal observers have weighed in on the conservative majority’s reasoning in the case. The impact of the ruling on the 2022 midterm elections has been discussed endlessly. The state-by-state battles over legislation and state-level constitutional amendments banning abortion have been covered exhaustively, as have efforts by women’s rights groups and medical providers to ensure that women get the reproductive health services they need.  # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Inside_the_Countrywide_Campaign to_Unionize_Every_Starbucks_in_America⠀⇛ The recent wave of Starbucks workers seeking to join a union shares many characteristics of a mass movement.  # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Workers_Are_Organizing_Independently._Why Don’t_Our_Politicians_Seem_to_Care?⠀⇛ Why in the world did Senate majority leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) and Senate Democrats omit increased funding for the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) from the Inflation Reduction Act? # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Cancel_It_All,’_Say_Progressives_as_Biden Favors_$10,000_in_Means-Tested_Student_Debt_Relief⠀⇛ According to CNN, Biden’s long-awaited announcement of student debt cancellation “could come as early as Wednesday,” a week before the student loan repayment and interest freeze that’s been in effect since 2020 is set to end. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Streaming_Tops_Traditional_Cable_TV_Viewership For_First_Time_Ever⠀⇛ The writing has been on the wall for a while, but streaming TV has finally surpassed traditional cable in terms of overall viewership numbers for the first time ever. According to viewership tracking firm Nielsen (who once upon a time called the cord cutting revolution “purely fiction“) streaming saw a 34.8 percent overall viewership in July compared to 34.4 percent for “cable”: =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. 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So it’s hard to believe that NGINX is now 18 years old. Looking back, the community and company have accomplished a lot together. We recently hit a huge milestone – as of this writing 55.6% of all websites are powered by NGINX (either by our own software or by products built atop NGINX). We are also the number one web server by market share. We are very proud of that and grateful that you, the NGINX community, have given us this resounding vote of confidence. We also recognize, more and more, that open source software continues to change the world. A larger and larger percentage of applications are built using open source code. From Bloomberg terminals and news to the Washington Post to Slack to Airbnb to Instagram and Spotify, thousands of the world’s most recognizable brands and properties rely on NGINX Open Source to power their websites. In my own life – between Zoom for work meetings and Netflix at night – I probably spend 80% of my day using applications built atop NGINX. [...] To summarize, our dream is to build an ecosystem around NGINX that extends into every facet of application management and deployment. MARA is the first step in building that ecosystem and we want to continue to attract partners. My goal is to see, by the end of 2022, an entire pre‑wired app launch and run in minutes in an NGINX environment, instrumented with a full complement of capabilities – distributed tracing, logging, autoscaling, security, CI/CD hooks – that are all ready to do their jobs. # ⚓ LWN ☛ The_future_of_NGINX_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ This blog post on the NGINX corporate site describes the plans for this web server project in the coming year. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ FLOSS_Weekly_695:_Massive_Wiki_–_Peter_Kaminski,_Wiki Utility,_Massive_Wiki⠀⇛ Peter Kaminski explains to Doc Searls and Shawn Powers on FLOSS Weekly how Massive Wiki is on its way to beng a prominent movment that combines wiki utility with familiar tools and processes for distributed use online by all users. # ⚓ Video ☛ I_Can_No_Longer_Recommend_Manjaro_Linux_– Invidious⠀⇛ I’ve for a long a long time suggested Manjaro Linux if you want to use Arch but don’t want to deal with the out of box Arch Linux experience but they’ve made so many bad decisions I can no longer do so, just use a GUI Arch installer, Endeavour OS, Garuda or another Arch based distro that uses the Arch repos. # ⚓ Video ☛ Linux_Mint_21_|_Cinnamon_Desktop_is_Awesome_– Invidious⠀⇛ o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Free Desktop ☛ [compiz]_Compiz_0.9.14.2_released⠀⇛ Hi! More than two years have passed since 0.9.14.1 release, and we had some important fixes in git, so time has come for a new release. Highlights: - Added support for _GTK_WORKAREAS_Dn and _GNOME_WM_STRUT_AREA. - Fixed build errors with new GCC versions. - Fixed some bugs in blur and opengl plugins on OpenGL ES. Bugs Fixed: https://pad.lv/1859778 - pkg-config search path is no longer changed. https://pad.lv/1863561 - Fixed CCSM appearance with dark themes. https://pad.lv/1878545 - Made annotate plugin D-Bus interface working, and cleaned up code. https://pad.lv/1879975 - DbusScreen object was used after destroy. https://pad.lv/1882792 - Added support for CMake Unity (aka Jumbo) builds. https://pad.lv/1923481 - Updated FSF addresses. https://pad.lv/1926046 - Build the compizconfig Python extension using distutils. https://pad.lv/1986681 - Use correct window when deciding if it should appear focused. Also, new translations have been pulled from Launchpad. The tarball can be downloaded from https:// launchpad.net/compiz. I would like to thank Alberts Muktupāvels, Daniel Kondor, Sam Spilsbury and Gianfranco Costamagna for their contributions. -- Dmitry Shachnev o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Clean_or_clean_pacman_and_pamac_cache⠀⇛ # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_PowerShell_on_Linux_Mint_21 [Ed: Better convert script to non-Microsoft]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ How_to_install_SRB2Kart_on_a Chromebook⠀⇛ Today are looking at how to install Sonic Robo Blast 2 Kart (SRB2Kart) on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ Video ☛ How_to_install_WebStorm_on_Pop!_OS_22.04_– Invidious⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at how to install WebStorm on Pop!_OS 22.04. # ⚓ AddictiveTips ☛ How_to_convert_VirtualBox_drives_to_QCOW_on Linux⠀⇛ If you have a VDI, VHD, or VMDK formatted drive in VirtualBox and want to use it with QEMU/KVM (Virt Manager, Gnome Boxes, etc.) on Linux, you will need to convert it to QCOW. This guide will show you how to convert various Vbox drive formats to QCOW. To start, open up VirtualBox. You can open VirtualBox by pressing Win on the keyboard, opening the app menu, and searching for “VirtualBox.” Alternatively, you can launch it through your Linux desktop app menu by searching for the shortcut. # ⚓ Remove_Previous_GitLab_Pipelines_from_a_project⠀⇛ So you build a GitLab project, you created a pipeline and then a scheduler to run every week your pipeline. And then you realize that you are polluting the internet with deprecated (garbage) things, at some point you have a debug option on, bla bla bla… etc etc. It is time to clean up your mess! # ⚓ DebugPoint ☛ Become_A_Pro_Flatpak_User_By_Learning_These Commands⠀⇛ In this article, I will show you various Flatpak commands that make you a pro Flatpak user. Flatpak sandboxed technology is the future of Linux app distribution. Almost all significant distributions come with Flatpak pre-installed today since the adoption is easy and maintaining it more straightforward. If you use Flatpak every day, you probably know these commands. But if you are still considering moving to Flatpak for every app, then you should go through this list to understand how easy to manage Flatpak apps. Hence, to help you do that, I have listed some easy-to-use Flatpak commands for your reference, filtered from the huge set of command-set from documentation. # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ sudo_apt_update_vs_upgrade:_What’s_the Difference?_–_It’s_FOSS⠀⇛ If you want to keep your Ubuntu or Debian system updated, you use the combination of sudo apt update and sudo apt upgrade commands. Some older tutorial also mention sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade. Both apt and apt-get commands work pretty much the same except for some minor differences that I’ll discuss later in this later. Let’s first discuss the difference between update and upgrade. Are not the two the same thing? # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ You_asked._We_acted:_Red_Hat_Customer Portal_launches_improved_technical_documentation_user experience⠀⇛ An improved user experience for all technical documentation on the Customer Portal was launched in May of 2022. The redesign rolled out several new features, including an all-new reading mode, expanding tables and an overhaul of the navigation and layout. The best part about the redesign? It was driven by customer feedback. Just about everyone we ask finds Red Hat’s technical documentation to be helpful, well-written and thorough — whether it’s from customers at meet- and-greets or feedback from digital surveys, we have received high marks for documentation. Although our customers were finding our documentation to be valuable, they often noted that the presentation was old-fashioned and “antique.” The quality and thoroughness of the writing was let down by the presentation. # ⚓ Vitux ☛ How_to_Show_or_Hide_Line_Numbers_in_Vim⠀⇛ Vim is a powerful and highly configurable command line editor that comes installed with most Linux operating systems. It offers many useful features for editing and configuration of files. However, some of its useful features are disabled by default. One of them is line numbering. With Vim line numbering features, you can display line numbering at the beginning of each line which comes helpful when modifying the text. Line numbers are also useful in debugging scripts, code reviews, and configuration files. By default, line numbering is disabled. # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ How_to_List_All_Users_In_a_Group_on_Linux⠀⇛ On Linux, files have three sets of permissions. One set is for the file’s group. Before you allocate a file to a group, you may want to check who the group members are. # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ How_to_Use_Your_Smartphone_as_a_Second Monitor_for_Your_Linux_Desktop_–_Make_Tech_Easier⠀⇛ Having a second monitor can be a productivity booster that gives you more screen real estate and a better multitasking experience. Whether you are on the go and can’t carry an actual monitor with you, or you just want to use your mobile device as a monitor, this guide will help you achieve that. In this article, I will show you three different methods of using your smartphone and tablet as a second monitor for your Linux desktop. [...] If you are using an RDP connection on Gnome 42 or VirtScreen, you can interact with your Linux desktop from both of your devices. However, it’s not possible for Deskreen to interact with your desktop from the secondary device as Deskreen only streams a video of your screen. # ⚓ H2S Media ☛ How_to_Install_SonarQube_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS Server⠀⇛ Tutorial to learn the commands and steps to install SonarQube on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy JellyFish for analyzing code quality. If the code is to be analyzed statically and dynamically, several tool decisions have to be made. In the Java world, but also in the C# world, one is tempted to integrate tools such as PMD, Checkstyle, Findbugs, StyleCop, and FxCop, into the build system. This means that you have to be able to configure these tools. The presentation and thus the analysis of the measured metrics and violations of programming guidelines are sometimes difficult in such an ad-hoc operation. A solution to the dilemma is provided by tools that wrap around analysis tools and offer a holistic view of static and dynamic analysis results. Some open source platforms can be used in heterogeneous environments, such as SISSy, ConQAT, and SonarQube. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_to_Install_Pi-Apps_on_Raspberry_Pi Operating_System⠀⇛ Finding applications and installing them on Raspberry Pi is time-consuming, especially when you don’t have information about which application best suits you according to your needs. Further, you cannot install most applications directly onto your system because their repositories are not included in the official Raspberry Pi source list. To keep things simple, the developers introduced a platform called Pi-Apps that allows you to quickly find and download applications for your Raspberry Pi system without needing to perform complex procedures from the terminal. You will also find information about a specific application you want to install. In this article, we will show you how you can install Pi-Apps on your Raspberry Pi operating system and use it to install applications on your desktop. # ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Install_Sails.js_Framework_with_Nginx on_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ Sails.js is a full-stack MVC JavaScript framework for Node.js. It is used for developing real-time web applications. It is inspired by Ruby on Rails, but with support for data-driven APIs and scalable, service-oriented architecture. It uses a powerful Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) called Waterline that allows it to be used with databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Redis, etc. In this tutorial, you will learn how to install the Sails.js framework to create a test app and deploy it using the Nginx server along with Let’s Encrypt SSL on a Ubuntu 22.04 server. # ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Install_Latest_MariaDB_Database_on Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ MariaDB is a free, open-source, and fork of the popular MySQL database system. It is a widely used relational database management system made by the original developers of MySQL. It is specially designed for scalability and mission-critical deployments. By default, the MariaDB package is available in the default repository of all major Linux distributions. At the time of writing this tutorial, the latest version of MariaDB is 10.8. Every major release will be maintained at least 5 years. So MariaDB 10.8.0 will be supported until 2027. In this tutorial, we will show you how to install MariaDB 10.8 on Ubuntu 22.04 server. # ⚓ OSNote ☛ UUID_in_Linux_–_OSNote⠀⇛ The UUID refers to a Universally Unique Identifier that consists of 128-bit numbers that have the probability of having duplicates close enough to zero but not zero in the local system. It was originally used in the Networking Computing System and then, later standardized by the Open Software Foundation. The UUID is divided into five groups separated by hyphens (-) consisting of 8-4-4-4-12 characters in each group. In total it consists of 36 characters. You can see the UUID string like the string shown below. # ⚓ Ubuntubuzz ☛ Xubuntu-Android_Remote_Desktop_Guide_Made Easy⠀⇛ This tutorial will explain how you can setup a basic remote desktop between Xubuntu (Xfce desktop) computer and Android phone using TigerVNC technology in a local area network. We will show that you can do this excellently without relying to software that is not free nor third-party service. o § WINE or Emulation⠀➾ # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ CrossOver_22_Can_Run_More_Windows_Apps_on_Mac and_Linux⠀⇛ CrossOver is one of the best ways to run Windows software on Mac and Linux, as it’s based on the popular Wine project. CodeWeavers has now released CrossOver 22, with significant changes to the interface and software compatibility. CrossOver is a compatibility layer for Windows applications and games, which can provide a more native experience than running a virtual machine — and you don’t need a copy of Windows. The latest update has a redesigned settings panel on all platforms with a more modern look. CodeWeavers said in its blog post, “before this redesign, the last time we made significant UI changes was in CrossOver 15, and the last time we did a major overhaul of our UI on all platforms was CrossOver 9. Clearly, we were overdue for a CrossOver makeover.” o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Wii_U_emulator_Cemu_2.0_out,_goes_open source_and_gets_Linux_support_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ It has finally happened. Cemu, the Wii U emulator has a big new 2.0 release and it is now officially open source and available for Linux too. For Linux, most people do need to compile it from source as there’s only an Ubuntu package right now but the developer has said in the announcement post that they’re looking into AppImage and Flatpak to make it easier. While Cemu should work fine on Linux, they also mentioned there are some lingering issues mostly around the user interface. Part of the reason it was open sourced, was that the main developer had been doing it alone for quite a while and so now it’s open source hopefully more people will help develop it further. [...] Some more work towards a Stop&Restart emulation feature. Not ready yet but we are getting there o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ Kdenlive_22.08_Released_with_Some Blockbuster_Improvements_–_OMG!_Ubuntu!⠀⇛ A major new version of the open source video editor Kdenlive is now available to download. Kdenlive 22.08 comes front-loaded with a variety of interesting new features, UI tweaks, and enhancements to many of its existing capabilities. As a result, Kdenlive 22.08 stands to offer a smoother editing experience than in previous versions. Let’s take a look at exactly what’s new. # ⚓ Kate_–_New_Features_–_August_2022_–_Kate⠀⇛ The 22.08 release of Kate hasn’t arrived for many users yet, but we already have new cool stuff for upcoming releases. As our merge requests page shows, alone in August we got at least 66 new things done. Naturally that are not all new features, but bug fixes, too. Pablo Rauzy was nice enough to provide some short videos for the enhancements he contributed! Thanks a lot for that, and thanks to all people that helped to work out the merge requests he submitted. [...] The Vi mode had this already via Vi commands, now it is available as some UI actions, too, that can be assigned shortcuts. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ GStreamer_for_your_backend_services_–_Arun_Raghavan⠀⇛ For the last year and a half, we at Asymptotic have been working with the excellent team at Daily. I’d like to share a little bit about what we’ve learned. Daily is a real time calling platform as a service. One standard feature that users have come to expect in their calls is the ability to record them, or to stream their conversations to a larger audience. This involves mixing together all the audio/video from each participant and then storing it, or streaming it live via YouTube, Twitch, or any other third-party service. As you might expect, GStreamer is a good fit for building this kind of functionality, where we consume a bunch of RTP streams, composite/mix them, and then send them out to one or more external services (Amazon’s S3 for recordings and HLS, or a third-party RTMP server). I’ve written about how we implemented this feature elsewhere, but I’ll summarise briefly. This is a slightly longer post than usual, so grab a cup of your favourite beverage, or jump straight to the summary section for the tl;dr. [...] Hopefully this post has given you a sense of the platform we have built. In the process, we also set the rails for a very exciting custom composition engine. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾ # ⚓ Video ☛ Neptune_7.5_“Ada”_overview_|_an_elegant_out_of_the box_experience._–_Invidious⠀⇛ In this video, I am going to show an overview of Neptune 7.5 “Ada” and some of the applications pre- installed. o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ Everything_You_Need_to_Know_About_Linux Mint⠀⇛ Linux Mint is one of the most popular desktop Linux distributions of the past decade, and there’s a lot written about it on the internet. But what is Linux Mint and why is it so well-known among the Linux community? By the end, you’ll have a deep understanding of the specifications, history, editions, and key features that make Linux Mint stand out from the crowd. [...] What started as a clone of Kubuntu, Mint quickly set itself apart by offering support for proprietary drivers and codecs. Around the time of the disastrous update from KDE 3 to KDE 4, the distribution switched to an Ubuntu base. Mint featured a series of out-of-the-box customizations that made GNOME 2 look and behave similarly to Windows XP. When Ubuntu switched from GNOME 2 to Unity, Mint briefly used GNOME 3, but soon launched Cinnamon and added the MATE edition to its lineup. The final release of Mint’s original KDE edition was in 2018. Today the Plasma desktop is shockingly absent among the distribution’s spins, as is GNOME. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ RISC-V_based_VisionFive_2_launched_on Kickstarter⠀⇛ StarFive has just unveiled the VisionFive 2 Single Board Computer (SBC) which packs a quad-core JH7110 RISC-V processor. Some notable features include dual GbE ports, one M.2 M key, one HDMI port and many other peripherals. The base model comes with 2GB of RAM and it’s available for US$46 (Early bird special ) on Kickstarter. As previously mentioned, the VisionFive 2 accommodates quad U74 cores (SiFive) with a frequency up to 1.5GHz. According to the product page, the CPU is also paired with the BXE-4-32 GPU (Imagination Technologies) which supports OpenGL ES 3.2, OpenCL 1.2, Vulkan 1.2. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ Inovato_Quadra_Is_an_ARM-Based_Linux_PC_Priced at_$29⠀⇛ The Inovato Quadra mini Linux PC offers performance comparable to the Raspberry Pi 3 but at a significantly lower price. The first thing that comes to mind when we think of mini ARM-based Linux computers is the Raspberry Pi. Those little devices dominate this market segment, providing ample computational power and room for experimentation in a small package at a reasonable price. However, it’s great when new offerings come out comparable to what the Raspberry Pi offers but at a lower price. Meet the Inovato Quadra, a small ARM- based Linux computer priced at just $29. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ New_DeskPi_Cluster_Board_Holds_Six Raspberry_Pi_CM4s⠀⇛ Hands up if you’ve got six Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 boards lying around doing nothing — don’t all rush at once. For the one person in the back, there: DeskPi has revealed a $200 carrier board that will take your sextet of CM4s and combine them into some sort of machine-learning-Kubernetes cluster, in a Mini-ITX case, called the Super6C Raspberry Pi CM4 Cluster Mini-ITX board. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Cat_Doorbell_Listens_for Meows_|_Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛ Wondering what crazy antics cats could get into if they had thumbs is its own ordeal but upping the stakes with the ability to knock on doors is finally within reach thanks to maker and developer Tennis Smith’s Raspberry Pi-powered IoT cat doorbell (opens in new tab) project. It works just like it sounds, allowing his cat to notify him when it wants to go inside the house. The system involves using a microphone to listen for potential meows. So instead of knocking, all the cat needs to do is what it does best—bellow out in desperate hopes of getting let inside. The Pi is responsible for detecting meows from other sounds using AI. If a meow is determined to have occurred, it sends a text message to Smith’s phone alerting him of the event. The doorbell operates as an IoT device using Amazon Web Services (AWS). The Raspberry Pi can interpret potential meows using Tensorflow Lite, an open- source machine learning tool that you can train with custom models for projects like these. If Tensorflow detects a meow, it notifies AWS to initiate the text message. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ How_To_Hide_Passwords_in_Your_Code_With Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_|_Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛ Getting your Raspberry Pi project online is now cheaper and easier thanks to the $6 Raspberry Pi Pico W. It only takes five lines of code to connect your Raspberry Pi Pico W to the world, but sharing your code can leave you open to a few security concerns. Your MicroPython code now contains your Wi-Fi password, API keys and bespoke URLs. So how do we mitigate the risk while keeping our data portable? Creating a MicroPython module is the best way to keep your secrets out of your project code. We can import the module just like any other module, and reference its contents in the same manner. In this how-to, we will create a secrets module and use it, along with Open Weather to get the current weather details for our home location. The project code can be easily shared with others, without fear of including any personal information. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Project_Enables_I2C_Interface Using_HDMI_Port_|_Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛ More often than not, the fun part of putting together a Raspberry Pi project—or any microelectronics project for that matter—is working out the logistics of what interfaces you need and peripherals to include. Sometimes it takes ingenuity to bring everything together and this is demonstrated quite well in this HDMI to I2C project by maker and developer Solaria123. The idea to connect a device that relies on an I2C interface to the DDC pins found inside an unused video port isn’t new. However, we still appreciate this project as it demonstrates the compatibility and flexibility of the Raspberry Pi. According to Solaria123, this trick is used often with Linux- based machines that don’t have any I2C devices. In this case, the hack is useful for situations in which I2C pin access has been blocked by either a case or something like a module. As long as the HDMI port is free, DDC is capable of providing a low-speed I2C bus of 80 KHz. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Maker_Creates_DIY_Raspberry_Pi_Pico_GPIO Ethernet_Connection_|_Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛ Twitter user Twi_Kingyo doesn’t need a Raspberry Pi Pico W to get network connectivity. Today we’re sharing a clever project they’ve created using a regular Pico wired to an Ethernet adapter via its GPIO. While this is only a partial connection, the testing so far shows promising results. The connection allows support for 10BASE- T communication on the Pico microcontroller. This designation comes from IEEE, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and indicates its ability to carry 10Mbps Ethernet signals using a twisted pair cable. # ⚓ SparkFun Electronics ☛ Qwiic_Digital_Desk_Sign_with MicroMod_–_News_–_SparkFun_Electronics⠀⇛ “Where’s Bobby?” A question that comes up when at work. While our Product Documentation Lead, Bobby Chan, is usually at his desk, there are times that he needs to walk away for lunch, take a 15-minute break, head into a meeting, or check inventory. To help notify others of where he may be, he made the Qwiic-enabled digital desk sign using the SAMD51′s USB host and a USB keyboard to type short custom messages while he’s away! # ⚓ Purism ☛ PureOS_on_the_Librem_5_USA_Summer_2022_Snapshot_– Purism⠀⇛ PureOS on the Librem 5 USA has a long list of default capabilities and a longer list of applications that are available to install and an even longer list of applications that are coming. # ⚓ Arduino ☛ Classic_Macintosh_gets_a_massive_ePaper_display_| Arduino_Blog⠀⇛ The original Apple Macintosh computer, launched in 1984, was fundamental for ushering in GUIs (graphical user interfaces). It wasn’t the first personal computer to feature a GUI operating system and the concurrent Apple II still retained a more traditional command line interface for years, but we largely have the Macintosh to thank for modern GUIs. So it is appropriate that Dave Luna chose to use an Apple Macintosh Classic II to retrofit with a modern ePaper display. The Macintosh Classic II hit the market in 1991 as a low-cost model, but it retained the design aesthetic of the original Macintosh. It was also the last Macintosh computer with a black-and-white screen. Luna replaced that CRT (cathode-ray tube) with a 9.7” Waveshare ePaper display. He also removed all of the original PCBs and replaced them with a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B single-board computer. Interestingly, Luna added an adapter to feed the output from a Chromecast device to the Raspberry Pi’s camera input in order to show family pictures stored in Google Photos. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ AdPumb-_The_Best_Mobile_Ad_Mediation_Platform_for_Android Apps_|_NextPit_Forum⠀⇛ # ⚓ 4_Best_Ways_to_Reduce_Photo_Size_on_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ Business Insider ☛ The_7_Best_to-Do_List_Apps_for_iPhone and_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_13_changes_long-tapping_behaviour_on_Battery_Saver tile⠀⇛ # ⚓ Business Standard ☛ Android_13_preview_version_rolled_out for_Vivo_X80_Pro,_iQoo_9_Pro_users_|_Business_Standard_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Authority ☛ Wallpaper_Wednesday:_Android_wallpapers 2022-08-24_–_Android_Authority⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_back_up_data_on_your_Android_Device_using_Google Account⠀⇛ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Test_One_UI_5_and_Android_13_on_Your Samsung_Galaxy_Phone⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Licensing / Legal⠀➾ # ⚓ Mishi_Choudhary_Departs_SFLC_–_Software_Freedom_Law Center⠀⇛ After 17 years with SFLC, Legal Director Mishi Choudhary will depart to become General Counsel and Senior Vice-President at Virtru. Ms. Choudhary began working with SFLC in 2006, held the first SFLC Graduate Fellowship for LLM study at Columbia Law School, and became Legal Director in 2015. She has represented SFLC clients across the entire range of FOSS communities, including the Free Software Foundation, Cloud Native Computing Foundation, Linux Foundation, Debian, Ethereum, the Apache Software Foundation, and OpenSSL. She founded and developed SFLC’s FOSS Code of Conduct practice, assisting FOSS non-profits and unaffiliated projects to develop and administer CoC policies. She has served as the Code of Conduct mediator for the Linux kernel community, among many others. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Jussi Pakkanen ☛ Nibble_Stew:_Random_things_on_designing_a text_format_for_books⠀⇛ In previous blog posts there was some talk about implementing a simple system that generates books (both PDF and ebook) from plain text input files. The main question for that is what the input format should be. Currently there are basically two established formats: LaTeX and Markdown. The former is especially good if the book has a lot of figures, cross references, indexes and all that. The latter is commonly used in most modern web systems but it is more suitable to specifying text in the “web page” style as opposed to “split aesthetically over pages”. The obvious solution when faced with this issue is to design your own file format that fits your needs perfectly. I did not do that, but instead I did think about the issue and did some research and thinking. This is the outcome of that. It is not a finished product, you can think of instead as a grouping of unrelated things and design requirements that you’d need to deal with when creating such a file format. # ⚓ Help Net Security ☛ DevSpace_6:_Client-only_developer_tool for_cloud-native_development_with_Kubernetes_–_Help_Net Security⠀⇛ DevSpace is a lightweight, easy-to-use client-only command-line interface (CLI) tool that employs users’ current kube-context, like kubectl or Helm. It does not require installing anything inside a cluster and is versatile with the ability to work with every Kubernetes cluster without modification. # § Perl / Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ Perl ☛ Perl_Weekly_Challenge_179:_Ordinal_Numbers_and Unicode_Sparkline⠀⇛ # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ Rlang ☛ Hello_Shiny_Python_|_R-bloggers⠀⇛ We would posit (see what we did there) that R-{shiny} has been a boon for data science practitioners using the R language over the last decade. We know that in our Python work, we have certainly been clamouring for something of the same ilk. And whilst there are other frameworks that we also like, streamlit and dash to name a couple, neither of them has filled us with the same excitement and confidence that shiny did in R to build both simple and complex bespoke web applications. With RStudio Posit conf in action the big news from July 27th was the alpha release of Py-{shiny} which was a source of great interest for us, so we couldn’t resist installing and starting to build. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ George ☛ It_Looks_Like_You’re_Trying_To_Take_Over_The_Narrative⠀⇛ Recently, Gwern wrote a story about an AI taking over the world. While well thought-out and amusing it is unrealistic. However, people have been using it to reinforce their fear of “unaligned AGI killing all humans”, so I think it’s dangerous and it might be worth looking at it line-by-line to see why its premise is silly, and why each step in his reasoning, individually, is impossible. I’ll first go through the critical failure point of this narrative, then I will try to describe the meta-level pattern that might be causing people to glance over these mistakes. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Tedium ☛ Why_the_Atari_2600’s_Joystick_Port_Became_a_De Facto_Standard⠀⇛ We talk a lot about standards over this way, including what came before the standards were put into place and what came before. Our last issue was about standards, even. But sometimes, de facto standards simply come into place, where a large number of people and organizations agree to do something a certain way, despite no formalized agreement or strategy. And one of the greatest examples of a de facto standard in computing history may be a controller port that remained in constant use on mainstream consoles and computers for two whole decades. I’m, of course, talking about the Atari joystick port, a port with a surprising amount of history behind it. Today’s Tedium talks about why this the Atari joystick port became the USB of its day, in a sense, and where that analogy falls apart. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ Ex_Security_Head_at_Twitter_Becomes Whistleblower⠀⇛ The Internet as a whole is at the point where you really don’t know who to trust. Malware, spam, and other security and privacy concerns are just so prevalent. That makes this news expected while also surprising. The ex-chief of security at Twitter became a whistleblower on Monday and outed his former company for its lack of security that he describes as “egregious deficiencies.” [...] Peiter Zatko, Twitter’s former head of security, claims Twitter violated a Federal Trade Commission settlement with false claims of its security. He filed this claim with the FTC, Security and Exchange Commission, and the United States Department of Justice. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Wednesday_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Fedora (vim), SUSE (cosign, dpdk, freeciv, gfbgraph, kernel, nim, p11-kit, perl-HTTP-Daemon, python-lxml, and python- treq), and Ubuntu (linux-oem-5.14, open-vm-tools, and twisted). # ⚓ USCERT ☛ Mozilla_Releases_Security_Updates_for_Firefox, Firefox_ESR,_and_Thunderbird_|_CISA⠀⇛ Mozilla has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird. An attacker could exploit some of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system. # ⚓ Buoyant_Updates_Linkerd_to_Simplify_Zero-Trust_Security⠀⇛ Buoyant today updated the open source Linkerd service mesh to add support for route-based authorization policies that enforce zero-trust policies within microsegmented Kubernetes environments. In addition, the company is adding support for the Kubernetes Gateway application programming interface (API) and access logging to produce Apache-style request logs. # ⚓ CISA ☛ Preparing_Critical_Infrastructure_for_Post-Quantum Cryptography [Ed: Hyping up GC, as usual, while openly and shamelessly promoting ciphers with back doors in them!]⠀⇛ CISA has released CISA Insights: Preparing Critical Infrastructure for Post-Quantum Cryptography, which outlines the actions that critical infrastructure stakeholders should take now to prepare for their future migration to the post-quantum cryptographic standard that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) will publish in 2024. # ⚓ John Gruber ☛ Ex-Twitter_Security_Chief_Peiter_‘Mudge’ Zatko_Files_Blockbuster_Whistleblower_Report_Over_the Platform’s_Security⠀⇛ Zatko was fired from Twitter in January this year “for ineffective leadership and poor performance”, in the words of a Twitter spokesperson. CNN’s report is very long, and worth reading in full. If even partially true, what Zatko is alleging is extremely alarming. # ⚓ John Gruber ☛ The_Washington_Post_on_Peiter_‘Mudge’_Zatko’s Whistleblower_Report_on_Twitter_Security⠀⇛ The phone numbers and email addresses of anonymous dissidents are very sensitive, but I’d argue that the contents of DMs are the most sensitive information Twitter holds. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Jupiter Broadcasting ☛ Google’s_1984_Moment_|_Coder Radio_480⠀⇛ We’re spooked to learn how one man’s life has been turned upside down just because he used Google Photos. # ⚓ Mozilla ☛ Mozilla_Privacy_Blog:_It’s_Time_to_Pass U.S._Federal_Privacy_Legislation⠀⇛ Despite being a powerhouse of technology and innovation, the U.S. lags behind global counterparts when it comes to privacy protections. Everyday, people face the real possibility that their very personal information could fall into the hands of third parties seeking to weaponize it against them. At Mozilla, we strive to not only empower people with tools to protect their own privacy, but also to influence other companies to adopt better privacy practices. That said, we can’t solve every problem with a technical fix or rely on companies to voluntarily prioritize privacy. The good news? After decades of failed attempts and false starts, real reform may finally be on the horizon. We’ve recently seen more momentum than ever for policy changes that would provide meaningful protections for consumers and more accountability from companies. It’s time that we tackle the real-world harms that emerge as a result of pervasive data collection online and abusive privacy practices. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ David Rosenthal ☛ Investment_Frauds⠀⇛ Bayat doesn’t acknowledge that the fundamental reason for Proof-of-Work is to defend against Sybil attacks; the price floor he describes is a synergistic effect of the Sybil defense. It is hard to believe that Nakamoto regarded the “price floor” as the primary justification for PoW, since the entire system depended upon PoW’s Sybil defense for its security. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ AccessNow ☛ Empty_promises:_more_internet_shutdowns_during exams_in_MENA_–_Access_Now⠀⇛ Millions of people across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have yet again been subjected to internet shutdowns during national exams. This summer, authorities in Sudan, Algeria, Syria, Jordan, and Iraq followed the same script played out repeatedly in recent years, where the internet is disrupted to prevent students from cheating or leaking exam questions. Not only is this approach ineffective in curbing cheating, it is disproportionate, draconian, and harmful to all people living in affected areas. [...] Algeria has been on a roll: authorities have disrupted the internet every year since the 2016 exam season. Two years ago, Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune emphasized publicly that he would “no longer tolerate this practice” and promised Algerians that in the following year’s final exams, there would be “technical solutions that will not affect the internet.” Additionally, on June 6 of this year, when asked by journalists at a press conference if the internet would be shut down during this year’s exams, the Minister of Education, Abdelhakim Belabed, said “no one mentioned anything about internet shutdown(s),” promising that tools had been set in place to prevent cheating. However, the Algerian government broke their promises and disrupted the internet once again during this year’s Baccalaureate exams from June 12-16. Although they did not implement a total internet shutdown, they blocked specific websites and applications, making 2022 the seventh year in a row they have interfered with the internet during exams. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ W3C’s_planned_transition_to_HTTPS_stymied by_legacy_laggards⠀⇛ More than a decade after implementing support for secure HTTPS connections on its website, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is finally planning to begin redirecting insecure HTTP connections to the more protected spec. The organization, which gets hundreds of millions of requests per day to its website, had delayed that transition for fear of breaking legacy web applications, many of which rely on resources reached via HTTP. But it now says it’s nearly good to go, at some point. “The primary reason for this is that we wanted to avoid causing issues for software requesting machine-readable resources from www.w3.org such as HTML DTDs, XML Schemas, and namespace documents,” explained W3C sysadmin Gerald Oskoboiny in a post on July 25. “We believe enough time has passed for most such software to have been updated to handle redirects and https, so we are planning to start redirecting all requests received over http to https within a month or two.” That target date, set one month ago, became indeterminate on Monday when Oskoboiny published a follow-up blog post for the W3C outlining learnings from the initial tests of the HTTP-to-HTTPS tests. # ⚓ FOSSLife ☛ Official_Shift_to_HTTPS_Faces_Legacy_Concerns⠀⇛ The move has been delayed, Clayburn writes, “for fear of breaking legacy web applications, many of which rely on resources reached via HTTP. But it now says it’s nearly good to go, at some point.” # ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ The_12_GHz_Band_Is_the_Easy_Case_for Spectrum_Sharing._Let_the_FCC_Do_Its_Job._–_Public Knowledge⠀⇛ Those following spectrum policy often hear that “the future of spectrum is sharing.” Basically, the airwaves are now so crowded that the old model of “clear and auction” federal spectrum (or even phase out/compress existing services like C-band) is unsustainable for a society as connected as ours. Plus, we need lots more spectrum for unlicensed uses. With Wi-Fi 7 coming up, we will need channel sizes of 320 MHz of contiguous spectrum to get the benefits. Wi-Fi 7 will be critical for both the new fiber-connected, multi-device smart homes and the future of virtual reality/augmented reality — technologies that need the enhanced speed and capacity that Wi-Fi 7 will deliver. While we take for granted things like unlicensed spectrum that make Wi-Fi possible, and ubiquitous high-power mobile networks that deliver these services to consumers, these innovations were fought every inch of the way by incumbents who absolutely hated the idea of any kind of change. That hate stems from a combination of general fear of changing the spectrum environment to fear of competition from potentially new, disruptive services. Despite doomsday predictions from incumbents that any change in existing rules would cause massive destructive interference with valuable existing services, the FCC’s engineers successfully evaluated the evidence and created rules that brought us new wireless services without causing harmful (let alone destructive) interference to existing services. That’s why you can read this blog post on your phone or your tablet in a coffee shop. * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal⠀➾ # ⚓ Lost_a_Bike,_Made_a_Bag,_Bought_Trousers⠀⇛ Yesterday we had some colleagues from Stockholm visit the local office. It was great fun; there was a lot of socialising and pizza involved. Anecdotally a pizza place owner becomes very very happy if you order 20 pizzas on an otherwise slow Tuesday night. When I was to go home at around 22:00 I couldn’t find my bike. Anywhere within a 500 metre radius. Even though I’d parked it just outside. Oh, well. Now I’m using an old commuter bike that we had in storage. It’s not bad. Definitely a lot slower than the 27 gear hybrid I had, but I do need to practice slowing down in general for my well-being so that’s not necessarily a bad thing. I just hope it holds up better than my last commuter bike which eventually just couldn’t handle the, uhm, urban terrain… # ⚓ A_Spooky_Missing_Word:_CLOSECROSS⠀⇛ I use Merriam-Webster’s dictionary as a reference for SpellBinding. I’ve never had a single issue with them until today. # ⚓ TELOPSC_Wordo:_KLOOF⠀⇛ # ⚓ Re-engaging_with_the_World_(MH)⠀⇛ Recently, I’ve been experiencing a bit of a dip in my mental health. Prolonged ill health (in the form of two successive kidney stone incidents, one of which required an operation) has left me in a rut, while the pandemic hasn’t helped. [...] Breaking unhealthy patterns can be hard, but I feel like yesterday reminded me that sometimes it’s about the small things. So, I decided to do the same thing today. And tomorrow maybe I will again, even if it’s just for a moment. Because the word isn’t so bad once I put away my phone and start listening. o § Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ My_best_guess_at_a_climate_solution⠀⇛ No more extracting oil, coal, or gas. [...] We’ve rationed energy in the past and we need to do it again. This is also an efficient way to cut proof-of-work systems since a ban on it (which I would definitively welcome) is hard to enforce. o § Technical⠀➾ # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Thoughts_on_Long-form_Content_on_Gemini⠀⇛ Writing long essays is fun. It’s enjoyable to be able to express an idea, work on it a bit, mold it, pull out the imperfections, and show it off to the world. It can feel like a timeless accomplishment, rather than a temporal quip on social media. # ⚓ Hello,_smolworld⠀⇛ As I write this, I’m in the midst of removing my blog from my website, reintegrating all the timely content that once ran alongside big internet and turning it into something somewhat timeless. So it feels weird to be blogging this, to be blogging again. But then if my desire to move away from blogs is a resistance to the commercial pressures and urgings of the modern web, perhaps it’s a less disagreeable endeavour on the small internet because those abhorrent forces aren’t prevalent in this space? Anyway, it’s good to be here. Hello, smolworld. Thank you for continuing to exist. Thank you for having me. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3692 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.24.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_24/08/2022:_Kubernetes_1.25,_Firefox_105_Beta,_and_Techdirt_Turns_25⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 4:34 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Desktop/Laptop o Server o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o WINE_or_Emulation o Games o Desktop_Environments/WMs # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family o Open_Hardware/Modding o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Web_Browsers # Mozilla o SaaS/Back_End/Databases o Education o Programming/Development # Python # C++ # Java # TeX * Leftovers o Education o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Monopolies # Copyrights * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal o Politics o Technical # Programming * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ It’s_Massive!_InfinityBook_Pro_14_is_a Lightweight_Linux_Laptop_With_a_HUGE_99Wh_Battery_Offering⠀⇛ TUXEDO Computers are one of the few manufacturers that provide fine-tuned Linux experiences out of the box. You can expect Ubuntu/TUXEDO OS as your default options with any of their devices, but they also support more Linux distributions. Now, they have come up with a refreshed product lineup, i.e., InfinityBook Pro 14 (Gen 7). And, it happens to be one of their flagship offerings! o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ Kubernetes_v1.25:_Combiner_|_Kubernetes⠀⇛ Announcing the release of Kubernetes v1.25! This release includes a total of 40 enhancements. Fifteen of those enhancements are entering Alpha, ten are graduating to Beta, and thirteen are graduating to Stable. We also have two features being deprecated or removed. # ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ PodSecurityPolicy:_The_Historical_Context |_Kubernetes⠀⇛ The PodSecurityPolicy (PSP) admission controller has been removed, as of Kubernetes v1.25. Its deprecation was announced and detailed in the blog post PodSecurityPolicy Deprecation: Past, Present, and Future, published for the Kubernetes v1.21 release. This article aims to provide historical context on the birth and evolution of PSP, explain why the feature never made it to stable, and show why it was removed and replaced by Pod Security admission control. PodSecurityPolicy, like other specialized admission control plugins, provided fine-grained permissions on specific fields concerning the pod security settings as a built-in policy API. It acknowledged that cluster administrators and cluster users are usually not the same people, and that creating workloads in the form of a Pod or any resource that will create a Pod should not equal being “root on the cluster”. It could also encourage best practices by configuring more secure defaults through mutation and decoupling low-level Linux security decisions from the deployment process. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ 7_sudo_myths_debunked_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ Whether attending conferences or reading blogs, I often hear several misconceptions about sudo. Most of these misconceptions focus on security, flexibility, and central management. In this article, I will debunk some of these myths. Many misconceptions likely arise because users know only the basic functionality of sudo. The sudoers file, by default, has only two rules: The root user, and members of the administrative wheel group, can do practically anything using sudo. There are barely any limits, and optional features are not enabled at all. Even this setup is better than sharing the root password, as you can usually follow who did what on your systems using the logs. However, learning some of the lesser-known old and new features gives you much more control and visibility on your systems. [...] I hope my article helped to resolve some of the myths surrounding sudo. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ AddictiveTips ☛ How_to_Install_Discord_on_Kali_Linux⠀⇛ Discord is quickly becoming one of the main ways computer users communicate. It’s easy to see why with its ease of use and multiplatform support. If you’re a Kali Linux user and need to get the latest Discord to communicate with colleges, we can help. Here’s how to install Discord on Kali Linux. # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ How_to_install_3Dash_on_a_Chromebook_– a_Geometry_Dash_alternative⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install 3Dash, a Geometry Dash alternative, on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ Install_Dozzle_Real-Time_Log_Viewer_for_Docker_Containers on_Ubuntu⠀⇛ This tutorial will take you through how to install Dozzle real-time log viewer for docker containers on Ubuntu. Dozzle is a simple docker based application that has been created to enable you to viewer docker containers logs in real-time. Note that, Dozzle doesn’t store any logs. # ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ How_to_install_Podman_on_Ubuntu_22.04_|_Linux Mint_21⠀⇛ In this post, you will learn how to install Podman on Ubuntu 22.04 and Linux Mint 21. This is the main alternative to Docker that is supported by RHEL. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_to_Run_Multiple_Commands_in_the_Same_Cron Job⠀⇛ Manually executing tasks is tiring and, in some cases, inapplicable. However, cron utility allows a user to schedule various jobs at various times. You can schedule your server to create a backup weekly or any other task you deem necessary. There is a way better way of running multiple commands in one cron job. You can schedule all the tasks in one cron job. Want to learn how to do that? Read on to find out. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_to_Schedule_a_Cron_Job_to_Run_on_the_Last Day_of_Every_Month⠀⇛ The cron utility is a helpful tool for automating tasks to run for a specific date and time. For instance, you can automate a job to run every last day of the month at a given time. Automating tasks is something you can’t forego, especially as an administrator. It may be a backup that you need to create for run various scripts. To avoid forgetting to run scripts, the best option is to modify the crontab file and schedule cron jobs, which will run without your intervention. This guide presents how you can create a cron job, particularly one that executes on the last day of each month. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Music_Station_with_MPD⠀⇛ Linux has a lot of great desktop music players like Cementine, Amarok, and Rhythm Box. MPD (Music Player Deamon) is a music player that can be controlled remotely or from the command line. MPD is not a media streamer. It is only for playback on the server’s hardware. MPD can be configured per user or system-wide. We will set this up as a stand-alone music system with MPD running as a system-wide service. A Raspberry Pi with USB- attached storage is perfect for this. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_GIMP_on_Linux_Mint_21_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install GIMP on Linux Mint 21. For those of you who didn’t know, GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) is an open-source piece of software used for image manipulation. It offers advanced tools for graphic designers, photographers, graphical illustrators as well as scientists for high-quality image manipulation. GIMP is available for the Linux, macOS, and Windows operating systems. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of a GIMP image editor on Linux Mint 21 (Vanessa). # ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ Your_guide_to_DistSQL’s_cluster_governance capability_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ Apache ShardingSphere 5.0.0-Beta version with DistSQL made the project even more beloved by developers and ops teams for its advantages, such as dynamic effects, no restart, and elegant syntax close to standard SQL. With upgrades to 5.0.0 and 5.1.0, the ShardingSphere community has once again added abundant syntax to DistSQL, bringing more practical features. In this article, the community co-authors will share the latest functions of DistSQL from the perspective of cluster governance. # ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Move_from_apt_to_dnf_package_management_|_Red_Hat Developer⠀⇛ A package manager makes it simple to install GNU/ Linux applications on a local computer. Before package management became commonplace, installing applications was a tedious, error-prone undertaking. The ease a package manager brings to installing an application on a Linux computer has been a major factor contributing to the widespread adoption of Linux as a mainstream operating system for both business and home users. o § WINE or Emulation⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ CrossOver_22.0_Gets_a_UI_Makeover_and_Adds Initial_DirectX_12_Support_on_Linux⠀⇛ Looking to run Microsoft Windows software on Linux/ macOS? CrossOver (affiliate link) is a popular paid tool for the job. It is not a FOSS product, but it incorporates open- source components to make things work. Furthermore, with every license you purchase, you get to support the development of WINE and Proton projects. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ NVIDIA_Vulkan_Beta_Driver_515.49.14_out now⠀⇛ NVIDIA has released the latest update to their special Vulkan Beta Driver, for developers and users who want to test out the very-latest stuff. Designed mostly for developers, normal every-day users should probably just stick to the regular driver # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Hearts_of_Iron_IV_–_By_Blood_Alone_set_to release_on_September_27th⠀⇛ After being announced back in June, we now actually have a release date for the latest Hearts of Iron IV expansion from Paradox with By Blood Alone coming on September 27th. By Blood Alone centers the political and military fortunes of Italy. The historical path, as always, is open to those who want to relive the dramatic years before and during the war. Alternatively, players can engineer the end of Mussolini’s rule through a socialist revolution or a strong monarchy. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Total_War:_WARHAMMER_III_2.0_out_with Immortal_Empires,_Linux_update_‘as_soon_as_possible’⠀⇛ Creative Assembly and SEGA have announced the massive Total War: WARHAMMER III 2.0 patch which comes along with a Beta version of Immortal Empires. ICYMI: check out our previous review from BTRE. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ ProtonUp-Qt_for_easy_GE-Proton_installs_on Linux_and_Steam_Deck_v2.7.0_out_now⠀⇛ ProtonUp-Qt is a simple and great way to manage the likes of GE-Proton (previously known as Proton GE), the Luxtorpeda compatibility tool for Native Linux game engines and more. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ GOG_have_a_huge_sale_going_with_giveaways, flash_deals⠀⇛ GOG are making a big splash with “The GOG Sale” which is live now until September 5th, 10 PM UTC. Time to pick up a bunch of DRM free goodies? # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Steam_Deck_production_better_than_expected, Q4_emails_already_going_out⠀⇛ Valve has confirmed that production of the Steam Deck has gone better than expected, and so even more (yes again) people will be seeing their emails to purchase one. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Blackbox_is_an_Aesthetically_Pleasing_Terminal for_Minimalists_Linux_Users⠀⇛ Blackbox is a terminal emulator which supports GTK4. The developer created this project so that he could use a decent-looking terminal app on Linux. So, don’t expect it to have ton of features. It is just a terminal emulator that utilizes GTK4 toolkit and has support for themes. In other words, it is more about the looks than the features. # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Norbert Preining ☛ KDE/Plasma_for_Debian_–_Update 2022/8⠀⇛ I have packaged KDE Gears 22.08 as well as the latest frameworks, and Plasma got a point release. The status is as follows (all for Debian/stable, testing, unstable… I repeat (and update) instructions for all here, updated to use deb822 format (thanks to various comments on the blog here)… # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ Sriram_Ramkrishna:_GUADEC_2022_–_GUADALAJARA⠀⇛ Last month, I was fortunate enough to be able to attend GUADEC in Guadalajara. It was thrilling to see everyone in person after a two-year absence. Even better, after many attempts we finally were able to have GUADEC in Mexico!! For those who don’t know, the genesis of all that came from these chain of events 2016. At the time, I was working at Intel, and one of the kernel developers at Guadalajara, who just happened to be the keynote speaker at GUADEC, connected me to Manuel Haro – he had a conference called CISOL that he was running and needed a keynote speaker. It so happened that Neil McGovern had recently became the Executive Director of GNOME just a few weeks ago. I told Manuel that Neil would be the better option but he ended up wanting both of us to speak. So we both ended up in Zacatecas, MX. Incidentally, that was when I first met Neil and this sparked the beginning of a beautiful friendship!! So, really it seems quite fitting that his GNOME adventure began and ended in Mexico!!! The conference itself was great, I enjoyed a number of the talks especially the ones by Endless folks. I missed some that I’m grateful to be able to go back and watch. # ⚓ Post_Collapse_Computing_Part_1:_The_Crisis_is_Here_– Space_and_Meaning⠀⇛ The climate crisis is no longer a thing future generations will one day have to deal with, like we were told as kids. It’s here, affecting all of us today, including in the global north. Some of the people travelling to this year’s Berlin Mini GUADEC were delayed by the massive heatwave, because train tracks on the way could not handle the heat. There are already a number of unavoidable horrible consequences on the horizon. These include areas around the equator where the combination of temperature and humidity is deadly for humans for parts of the year, crop failures causing ever larger famines, conflicts around resources such as water, and general infrastructure breakdown caused by a combination of ever more extreme weather events and decreasing capacity to deal with them. Second-order consequences will include billions of people having to flee to less affected areas, which in turn will have almost unimaginable political consequences – If 5 million refugees from the Syrian civil war caused a Europe-wide resurgence in proto- fascist parties, what will 100 million or more do? And that’s not the worst of it. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ eSecurity Planet ☛ Best_Open-Source_Distributions_for_Pentesting and_Forensics_|_eSecurityPlanet⠀⇛ Linux has an extensive range of open-source distributions that pentesters, ethical hackers and network defenders can use in their work, whether for pentesting, digital forensics or other cybersecurity uses. Also known as “distros,” these distributions are variations of Linux that include the Linux kernel and usually a specific package manager. For example, Kali Linux, one of the most popular pentesting OSs, is Debian-based, which means it’s based on the Debian Project. Ubuntu, a famous Linux distro you may already know, is also Debian-derived. Here are eight of the best Linux distros for cybersecurity use cases, for beginners through advanced users, along with some issues to consider as you select a Linux security distro. [...] If you’re an absolute beginner, I would not recommend using a pentesting distro. Most pentesting distros have two major drawbacks: they can be overwhelming, and they require advanced knowledge. o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Canonical_on_MWC_Las_Vegas_2022_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ You can meet with the Canonical telecom team virtually or on-site in US and pick our technical experts’ brains about your particular telco use case. Telecommunications is a key area of Canonical’s focus, and we are fully committed to providing a best-in-class experience of using open source software to enable mobile operators, network function developers and network equipment providers to scale and innovate efficiently. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ WiCAN_ESP32-C3_CAN_Bus_platform_is_available in_USB-CAN_and_OBD-II_form_factors_(Crowdfunding)_–_CNX Software⠀⇛ WiCAN is an ESP32-C3 CAN bus adapter that works over USB, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth LE, and designed for car hacking and general CAN bus development. The device is available in USB-CAN and OBD-II form factors and comes with firmware that works with RealDash to create nice-looking dashboards with the data. # ⚓ Arduino ☛ New_display_technology_features_magnetic_pixels_| Arduino_Blog⠀⇛ Display technology, from cathode-ray tubes to LCD screens, exists to convey information to humans visually and it does that very well. But the lack of physical presence makes visual displays useless for almost everything else. The blind can’t feel pixels and computers need resource-intensive algorithms to make sense of the images we feed them. That’s why engineers from MIT CSAIL and the University of Calgary have developed a new type of display technology that relies on magnetic pixels called “mixels.” In this context, “mixels” are individual elements that form a magnetic picture. A SnapMaker CNC machine modified with an Arduino Nano-controlled electromagnetic head can set each mixel to a magnetic north polarity, south polarity, or demagnetized state. A Hall effect sensor on the head lets the Arduino detect the polarity of each mixel so it can scan the image. Like a raster image made up of traditional visual pixels, these mixel images can be complex. A mixel image could, for instance, represent a QR code in order to store data. Each mixel is a single bit that is readable with a low-cost Hall effect sensor. # ⚓ Arduino ☛ An_Arduino_controls_this_strange_two-wheel steering_e-bike_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛ James Bruton loves to experiment with unusual vehicle drive systems and configurations to find out how they perform under the dynamic conditions of real-world use. Internal combustion engines and driveshafts don’t tend to fit in those vehicles, so Bruton often utilizes electric motors. He usually turns to Arduino to control the motors and read the sensors in his contraptions. That remains true for his newest project: a strange two-wheel steering e- bike. Imagine a bicycle, but with a rear wheel that also steers, and you’ve got a pretty good idea of the concept. But it would be really hard to steer both wheels at the same time, so Bruton came up with a unique control scheme. The front wheel has free steering, like a typical bicycle. The back wheel has active motor-driven steering. An encoder monitors the angle of the front steering so the back steering can rotate in response. There are three modes: one that locks the rear wheel to mimic a standard bike, one that matches the rear steering to the front, and one that mirrors the rear steering relative to the front. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Computer World ☛ Android_versions:_A_living_history_from 1.0_to_13⠀⇛ Here’s a fast-paced tour of Android version highlights from the platform’s birth to present. (Feel free to skip ahead if you just want to see what’s new in Android 12 or Android 13.) # ⚓ 9to5Google ☛ Google_Pixel_grows_in_Q2_2022,_S22_Ultra_most popular_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Nothing’s_Phone_1_won’t_get_Android_13_until next_year_–_The_Verge⠀⇛ # ⚓ TechRadar ☛ How_to_find_the_Android_13_Easter_egg_and_make wild_wallpapers_with_it_|_TechRadar⠀⇛ # ⚓ SlashGear ☛ How_To_Tell_If_An_Android_Phone_Is_Carrier Unlocked⠀⇛ # ⚓ Digital Trends ☛ Samsung_Galaxy_Watch_5_review:_peak_of Android_smartwatches_|_Digital_Trends⠀⇛ # ⚓ 9to5Google ☛ Android_Auto_8.0_is_rolling_out,_still_no_sign of_redesign_–_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Police ☛ Android_Auto_8.0_arrives_without_the update_we_actually_needed⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Firefox_105_Beta_Brings_Memory_Fixes, Two-Finger_Swipe_Back/Forward_Gesture_on_Linux⠀⇛ Yes, that’s right, Firefox 105 is now ready for public beta testing, and guess what? It brings back the long-anticipated two-finger swipe horizontal gesture on Linux for navigating back and forward on a website without having to hold down the Alt key. While this feature was delayed over and over, and we really hoped that it would land in Firefox 104, it does appear to finally be ready for the masses with the next Firefox release, Firefox 105. It looks like the feature is working very well and there are no blocker bugs this time, so fingers crossed. o § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾ # ⚓ Data Station ☛ SQLite_has_pretty_limited_builtin functions⠀⇛ SQLite only comes with these few core functions. A few JSON functions have recently become builtin too. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Undeadly ☛ BSDCan_2022_videos_are_available⠀⇛ Video recordings from BSDCan 2022 are now available. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Mike_Blumenkrantz:_Continuous⠀⇛ As of this moment, Mesa is now using the Mold linker in CI for faster build times. If you haven’t tried Mold yet, you’re just pointlessly wasting your own time. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Inheritance_in_Python⠀⇛ When we create new classes, we can inherit methods and attributes from previously developed classes. These attributes are found in data structures that have been specified, as well as in the procedures that may be used to accomplish different functions. As the codebase becomes more modular, this encourages code reuse, which is regarded as one of the most significant industrial coding techniques. Newer classes in Python can inherit older classes. Without altering the older or previous class’s syntax, the new class or classes replicate all of its properties and functions into themselves. The term “base class” refers to the original classes and “derived classes” refers to the new classes. The term “inheritance” is frequently used to refer to the passing of some essential functions from one generation to the next. Like parent classes, there are child and base classes. We create classes through inheritance by deriving them from other pre- existing classes. The parent/base classes, by which the child classes acquire their methods and attributes, are the already existent classes. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Tkinter_Listbox⠀⇛ The default GUI toolkit for Python is called Tkinter. The combination of Python with Tkinter makes it quick and simple to develop the GUI apps. An effective object-oriented gateway for the Tk GUI toolkit is provided by Tkinter. It’s simple to build a Gui interface employing the Tkinter. Within this guide, we will show you the use of the Tkinter library to create a Tkinter GUI and add a Listbox widget to it. Getting started with the Ubuntu 20.04 system, we update our system using some commands in the terminal shell. We launch the terminal application with the Ctrl+Alt+T and add the apt “update” instruction on it. The execution requires the password of the logged-in user and it updates the whole system after the addition of a password. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Tkinter_ComboBox⠀⇛ The ttk package, a unique modification of Python Tkinter, introduces this additional component. The Python Tkinter ComboBox exhibits each choice from a drop-down menu 1 at a moment. It has a contemporary appearance, making it suitable for locations where exposure is crucial. The gadget Entry is a class ability of the Python ComboBox. As a result, it adds some additional choices and functions while also inheriting several from the Entry class. A crucial widget that may be seen in several programs is the ComboBox. The user is given a list of alternatives to choose from. It has several values, and only ever displays one at a moment. Today’s tutorial will cover how to use the ComboBox in Linux using Tkinter. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Tkinter_CheckBox⠀⇛ To create applications using Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), Python offers a variety of libraries. The industry-standard GUI package, Tkinter, offers a quick and simple approach to developing GUI programs. This GUI toolkit for TCL (Tool Command Language) is unique. The simplicity of Tkinter is one of its greatest advantages. It comes with a large range of necessary widgets practically to everyday operations. The Checkbutton widget is employed to present a user with a range of substitutes as toggle switches. By hitting the button beside each choice, the viewer can then choose one or more of them. Within this article, we will take a look at the Python’s Tkinter library to create the checkboxes in a graphical user interface. Getting started with this article, we have to make sure that the “Tkinter” utility of Python is already configured at our end. If not, try the following instruction in the console application query area. # § C++⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ C++_std::mutex/⠀⇛ By using the Mutex keyword, we may lock our variable from being accessed by several threads at once. Mutex is utilized to provide synchronization in C++, meaning only one thread can receive the object at once. Threads cannot access the locked piece of code once the lock has been established. The code has been locked using mutexes. So, even if thread 2 is scheduled while thread 1 is still consuming the shared resource, thread 2 will not be able to access that part of the code. As a result, synchronized access to shared resources in the code is ensured. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ C++_ofstream_Functions⠀⇛ Data is stored locally on computers through file handling. We may insert the content in secondary memory by managing files. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ C++_Pair_Functions⠀⇛ In this guide, we’ll examine pair containers in C++ and their applications. In C++ Programming language, a pair container works similarly to a tuple. However, a pair could only contain two elements, whereas a tuple can contain many elements. The two components could have multiple data types or similar data types like a tuple. Pair is a container that is given by the module and is declared in C++ Programming language by utilizing the term ‘pair’. So, in essence, a pair is utilized to combine two components or integers within one. This enables the storage of heterogeneous elements or multiple data kinds as a single entity. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ C++_std::thread_Functions⠀⇛ A process’s single sequence stream can be termed a thread. Threads are frequently referred to as “lightweight processes” since they have some characteristics with processes. A class is to represent distinct execution threads. A single thread of execution is represented by the class thread. Multiple functions can run at once because of threads. When a thread object is created, it instantly starts to execute (subject to any OS scheduling delays) starting at the highest function specified as a function constructor. The method’s defined value is disregarded and std::terminate is invoked if it exits by raising an error. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ C++_New_Operator⠀⇛ We will cover how to efficiently manage allocation in C++ utilizing the ‘new’ function through the use of practical examples. In C++, the term “dynamic memory deployment” refers to the manual allotment of storage by a programmer. Heap is where distributed shared memory is deployed, while Stack is where non-static and local variables acquire memory resources. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ C++_istream_Functions⠀⇛ The term “stream” in C++ describes the flow of characters between the program thread and i/o. C++ stream classes are needed to input and output actions on IO devices and files. These classes are designed to manage the program’s input and output and they have particular functionality. # § Java⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_to_Check_if_a_Character_is_a_Number in_Java⠀⇛ Java comprises a class named Character, which belongs to java.lang package. The object of the Character class contains a single field “char” that is a primitive datatype in Java. A Java char has a 16-bit size, with a range of 0 to 65,536 characters. The data type char belongs to the characters group, a character set representing symbols such as alphabets and numerals. This guide will discuss the method of checking if the specified character is a number or not. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Different_Ways_to_Call_a_Method_in Java⠀⇛ In Java, a method is a combination of logical statements utilized to perform specific operations. Methods are commonly used because their added code can be reused as often as needed. Each method in Java is called using its name, and when the Java compiler reads it, the mentioned method is invoked, and the added operational code gets executed. This tutorial will illustrate different ways of calling methods in a Java program. # § TeX⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Create_A_Bold_Text_in_LaTeX⠀⇛ Bolding a text helps highlight specific content for readers. The bold option makes a text thicker than others to emphasize it. In any article, research paper, technical and non-technical document, you can use bold text to draw attention to the relevant information. Using bold text in a document is good, but LaTeX doesn’t offer a simple way to bold a text since it requires the correct source code. Read this guide if you are interested in learning how to create bold text in LaTeX. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Use_the_Perpendicular_Symbol_in LaTeX⠀⇛ The ⊥ symbol indicates two perpendicular lines. Suppose m and n are two traces dividing by 90, then perpendicular to each other and represented as m ⊥ n. In the concept of perpendicular, a point of intersection of both lines is called the foot of the vertical. You can use the perpendicular symbol in the document processor like LaTeX. However, it requires a correct source code. So, in this tutorial, we will explain different source codes you can use to use perpendicular symbols in LaTeX. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Use_Prime_Symbols_in_LaTeX⠀⇛ A prime symbol (‘) denotes a specific operation at a particular variable. This symbol is used as a standard quotation mark to indicate a specific value as well. In Mathematics, a prime symbol represents feet or arc minutes. Similarly, the double prime symbol (“) shows the inches and arcsecs. Prime symbols are also used to describe the derivative of a function f(x). So, these symbols have an essential role in Mathematics. That’s why LaTeX also offers a way to use prime symbols. If you also want to learn how to write and use a prime symbol in LaTeX, read this tutorial for more information and examples. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Use_Landscape_Page_in_LaTeX⠀⇛ A landscape mode on any document processor is essential in efficiently representing large images, tables, and texts. Portrait mode has a few limitations, such as being unable to fit wide photos. Technical documents like research papers require large tables and diagrams to provide in-depth information. That’s why document processors, like LaTeX, provide methods to turn your pages from portrait to landscape. Read this tutorial if you are also interested in learning how to use a landscape page in LaTeX. This tutorial will explain creating and using a landscape page in LaTeX. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Use_a_Sigma_Symbol_in_LaTeX⠀⇛   In Algebra, the sigma symbol (Σ) indicates the summation operator. The symbol, Σ, offers the simplest form of writing the sum of components in a series. In mathematics, the sigma symbol is used to indicate a sum. The simple (Σ) and double (ΣΣ) are two sigma symbols you can use in Algebra. The simple sigma symbol is used to express a sum of multiple values, while the double sigma symbol is used as the double sum in a specific situation. Hence, it is essential to write the sigma symbol when you are writing a research paper or a document. This tutorial will demonstrate how to write and use sigma symbols in LaTeX. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Use_a_Congruent_Symbol_LaTeX⠀⇛ The congruent symbol in mathematics is used to show similarities between triangles. The symbol (≅) is a combination of the equal (=) and tilde (~) symbols. A congruent symbol is one of geometry’s most commonly used symbols, representing the relation between the triangles. This symbol may look simple, but many users occasionally become confused while writing it to the document processor. You may already know LaTeX (document processor) requires source code to create a congruent symbol. So, in this tutorial, we will explain a simple way to write and use a congruent symbol in LaTeX. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_To_Create_an_Italic_Text_in_LaTeX⠀⇛ In articles, italic text is mainly used to emphasize a particular segment to draw a reader’s attention. Text editors, like MS Word and Google Docs, provide the simplest way to italicize text. You only have to press CTRL and I to italicize a text. However, the document processor doesn’t contain the same way as it requires a proper source code formation. That’s why many users don’t know how to italicize a text in a document processor like LaTeX. If you also face the same issue, then please read this tutorial. This tutorial teaches you how to write italic text in LaTeX. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Techdirt ☛ 25_Years_Ago_Today…_Techdirt_Got_Started!⠀⇛ On August 23rd, 1997, I sent out this emailed newsletter — which was then called Up-To-Date — to various business school colleagues. That was exactly 25 years ago, and that began dragging me down the path of what became Techdirt early the following year (when I realized it might be nice to have a website to post the copies of the newsletter on, rather than just sending them out over email). o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Should_We_Let_Scam-Artists_‘Educate’_Our_Young People?⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ University_can’t_scan_students’_rooms_during remote_tests,_judge_rules⠀⇛ Ogletree sued the university on the grounds that the practice violated his rights under the Fourth Amendment, which protects US citizens against “unreasonable searches and seizures”. The university, in defense, argues that “room scans are ‘standard industry wide practice’”, and that “students frequently acquiesce in their use.” Federal Judge J. Philip Calabrese sided with Ogletree yesterday, determining that the university’s room scan did constitute an unreasonable search. “Mr. Ogletree’s subjective expectation of privacy at issue is one that society views as reasonable and that lies at the core of the Fourth Amendment’s protections against governmental intrusion,” Calabrese wrote in the decision. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Eesti Rahvusringhääling ☛ Regulatory_amendment_to_allow farmers_to_grow_higher_THC_cannabis_crops⠀⇛ The Ministry of Social Affairs is drawing up a regulatory amendment that will allow for varieties of Cannabis sativa with a higher tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content to be grown in Estonia. The change will significantly increase the number of varieties hemp farmers can choose from to grow. o § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Here’s_how_much_Apple_charges_for_every_part_to fix_your_own_MacBook⠀⇛ Yesterday, Apple revealed it would expand its Self Service Repair program to let you fix your own MacBooks, and today the program is here. You can now download full repair manuals for your 2021 14- inch and 16-inch MacBook Pros and the 2020 13-inch M1 MacBook Pro and M1 MacBook Air — and shop for parts you might need. o § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ India Times ☛ Over_3_in_10_people_wish_to_delete their_Internet_footprint_amid_privacy_thefts⠀⇛ According to a report by virtual private network (VPN) service provider NordVPN, 45 per cent respondents said there is no reason for their name to be on the internet, while 42 per cent said they feel used because companies collect their data and use it to their advantage. While 34 per cent of the people surveyed said they feel that someone will eventually hack their devices, 31 per cent do not trust the Internet. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Whose_Rules?_Our_Rules!_in_the_Rules-Based International_Order⠀⇛ How the US leads by helping other people kill each other. # ⚓ The Economist ☛ The_head_of_GCHQ_says_Vladimir_Putin_is losing_the_information_war_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ Six months after Russia’s invasion, it is becoming clear how differing physical and virtual approaches have shaped the conflict. Just as with its land invasion, Russia’s initial online plans appear to have fallen short. The country’s use of offensive cyber tools has been irresponsible and indiscriminate. Their information operations have proven clumsy and have been challenged by the release of intelligence. And Russian military attempts to destroy the digital infrastructure of Ukraine and to sow discord using cyber capabilities have been met with staunch, professional and effective Ukrainian cyber defence. # ⚓ Eesti Rahvusringhääling ☛ Sanna_Marin:_The_Baltics_should have_been_heeded_over_Russia⠀⇛ Finnish Prime Minister Sanna Marin said on Tuesday that Finland should have listened more to the Baltics when it came to Russia, adding that Finland’s NATO accession is bound to lead to closer relations. # ⚓ The Telegraph UK ☛ Migrant_Channel_crossings_may_have_hit record_number_this_year⠀⇛ If confirmed by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) on Tuesday, it will smash the record so far this year of 696 on August 1 and could come close to the highest daily total of 1,185 who reached the UK in 33 boats in November last year. It would make August a record month for this year with around 6,000 migrants crossing the Channel. It raises the prospect that August could beat the all- time monthly highest total of 6,878 in November last year. It means that some 22,500 migrants have crossed the Channel so far this year, double the rate at the same point last year. The total did not pass 20,000 until November in 2021. # ⚓ NPR ☛ 2_men_are_found_guilty_of_conspiring_to_kidnap_Gov. Gretchen_Whitmer⠀⇛ “But that wasn’t the defendants’ ultimate goal,” Kessler said. “They wanted to set off a second American civil war, a second American Revolution, something that they call the boogaloo. And they wanted to do it for a long time before they settled on Gov. Whitmer.” # ⚓ The Telegraph UK ☛ Albanian_gangs_offer_migrants_free minibus_rides_to_Channel_crossing_points⠀⇛ Ads posted on TikTok by people-smugglers to take refugees to French coast are described as ‘unacceptable’ # ⚓ FAIR ☛ WSJ_Sells_Lithium_Neocolonialism_as_Climate Necessity⠀⇛ True to its name, the Wall Street Journal never fails to lay bare its corporate sympathies. In a recent feature headlined “The Place With the Most Lithium is Blowing the Electric-Car Revolution” (8/ 10/22), the Journal warps anti-neoliberal and Indigenous resistance to ecological destruction and resource plundering into pesky obstacles to green capitalist innovation. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Liberal_States_Like_California_Are_Also_Failing to_Make_Progress_on_Climate⠀⇛ # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Broadband Breakfast ☛ IBM_Exec_Touts_Blockchain Technology_as_Economy_Accelerator⠀⇛ Jerry Cuomo described blockchain as an “odd duck” type of database with a few defining features, explaining that each blockchain has several administrators, that each transaction must be vetted by the administrators before being recorded to the digital “ledger,” and that transactions, once recorded to the ledger, are essentially impossible to change or delete. Cuomo also explained that each data point – or “block” – in each blockchain is heavily encrypted, which creates high levels of security and user trust. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ China_Forgives_23_Loans_for_17_African Countries,_Expands_‘Win-Win’_Trade_and_Infrastructure Projects⠀⇛ China is forgiving 23 interest-free loans for 17 African countries, after already cancelling $3.4 billion and restructuring $15 billion of debt from 2000-2019. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Lima_Becomes_First_Latin_American_Capital_to Back_Fossil_Fuel_Non-Proliferation_Treaty⠀⇛ Brett Wilkins reports on the Peruvian capital’s decision to endorse the FFNPT. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Twitter’s_Former_Security_Boss_Drops_Stunning Whistleblower_Report⠀⇛ Both CNN and the Washington Post are running stories today about Peiter Zatko, better known as Mudge, filing whistleblower reports on Twitter’s security practices, including a few shocking claims. Twitter is denying many of the claims and, frankly, at this point it’s difficult to tell who’s correct. However, I will note that Mudge is widely respected in security circles, and much of his initial claim to fame was about finding security vulnerabilities — and part of the reason Jack Dorsey brought him in to Twitter was this history of doing whatever necessary to fix security holes. That said, Twitter is insisting that Mudge didn’t understand how its systems worked, and is misrepresenting things. Of course, there’s also the Elon Musk aspect of this that complicates matters as well. # ⚓ ABC ☛ Whistleblower_alleges_Twitter_deceived_regulators_on security_and_spam,_Twitter_says_it’s_a_‘false_narrative’⠀⇛ In response, Twitter blasted Zatko, who worked at the company from November 2020 to January 2022, saying he was spreading a “false narrative about Twitter” and was fired for “ineffective leadership and poor performance.” The company also said Zatko’s public remarks are “riddled with inconsistencies and inaccuracies and lacks important context.” # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Security_pros_are_rallying_to_defend_the Twitter_whistleblower⠀⇛ Zatko first gained prominence as part of the L0pht, a Boston-based hacker collective known as an influential computer security research group in the 1990s. Notably, while the L0pht released software, the group also advised on policy, even giving testimony before the Senate on internet security in 1998. In his earlier hacking days, Zatko was also a member of the notorious hacker group Cult of the Dead Cow, which also counted former presidential candidate (and current Texas gubernatorial candidate) Beto O’Rourke as a member. As his profile grew, Zatko took on roles with Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and Google’s Advanced Technologies and Projects research group. He was hired by Twitter in 2020 in the months after a major security incident that saw hackers take over some of the platform’s most- followed celebrity accounts. But he stayed only just over a year, being fired by incoming CEO Agrawal in January 2022. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Twitter’s_former_security_chief_says_company lied_about_bots_and_safety⠀⇛ Twitter has hidden negligent security practices, misled federal regulators about its safety, and failed to properly estimate the number of bots on its platform, according to testimony from the company’s former head of security, the legendary hacker-turned-cybersecurity-expert Peiter “Mudge” Zatko. The explosive allegations could have huge consequences, including federal fines and the potential unraveling of Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s bid to buy Twitter. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Sorry,_Elon,_but_Jack_Dorsey_is_still_Twitter’s main_character⠀⇛ Well, yes, Musk could have asked, but Dorsey, historically, is known for his indecision and inability to make good calls in a timely fashion. This was the heart of Elliott Management’s problems with him! It’s part of why he got fired the first time! If I’m Musk’s lawyers, I figure Dorsey’s interference is part of what caused this whole mess. And Dorsey being Dorsey — remember he loves being a cult leader and hates taking any blame whatsoever — is not going to defend the company he ran or even admit fault. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Congress_is_investigating_Twitter_whistleblower claims⠀⇛ This morning, The Washington Post and CNN published dual reports into alarming new safety and security allegations raised against Twitter by Peiter “Mudge” Zatko, who was fired as the company’s head of security earlier this year. Zatko alleges that Twitter makes little effort to fight spam accounts and has shockingly insufficient cybersecurity defenses. # ⚓ CNN ☛ Ex-Twitter_exec_blows_the_whistle,_alleging_reckless and_negligent_cybersecurity_policies⠀⇛ The whistleblower, who has agreed to be publicly identified, is Peiter “Mudge” Zatko, who was previously the company’s head of security, reporting directly to the CEO. Zatko further alleges that Twitter’s leadership has misled its own board and government regulators about its security vulnerabilities, including some that could allegedly open the door to foreign spying or manipulation, hacking and disinformation campaigns. The whistleblower also alleges Twitter does not reliably delete users’ data after they cancel their accounts, in some cases because the company has lost track of the information, and that it has misled regulators about whether it deletes the data as it is required to do. The whistleblower also says Twitter executives don’t have the resources to fully understand the true number of bots on the platform, and were not motivated to. Bots have recently become central to Elon Musk’s attempts to back out of a $44 billion deal to buy the company (although Twitter denies Musk’s claims). # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ New_whistleblower_allegations_could factor_into_Twitter_vs._Musk_trial⠀⇛ On Tuesday, The Washington Post reported that Twitter’s former head of security, Peiter Zatko, had filed a whistleblower complaint with federal regulators, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, accusing Twitter of “Lying about Bots to Elon Musk.” Zatko, a well-known figure in the security community, alleges that Twitter is not incentivized to tally the true number of bots and spammy accounts on the service, which counts 238 million daily users. Zatko also alleges that Twitter deceived regulators regarding its defenses against hackers, a claim that could provide support to Musk’s charge that Twitter has been untruthful in its reports to shareholders. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Whistleblower_complaint_alleges_Twitter_deceived regulators⠀⇛ Zatko alleged that he warned colleagues about out- of-date and vulnerable software on the company’s servers, adding that executives withheld important data about the number of breaches and insufficient protection for user data, per the Post. # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Twitter_whistleblower_won_hacker acclaim_for_exposing_software_flaws⠀⇛ But according to Zatko’s complaint, after Dorsey stepped down as CEO in November 2021, and Zatko informed members of Twitter’s board that protections for sensitive user data were weaker than they had been told, new CEO Parag Agrawal fired him. # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Former_security_chief_claims_Twitter buried_‘egregious_deficiencies’⠀⇛ The complaint from former head of security Peiter Zatko, a widely admired hacker known as “Mudge,” depicts Twitter as a chaotic and rudderless company beset by infighting, unable to properly protect its 238 million daily users including government agencies, heads of state and other influential public figures. Among the most serious accusations in the complaint, a copy of which was obtained by The Washington Post, is that Twitter violated the terms of an 11-year-old settlement with the Federal Trade Commission by falsely claiming that it had a solid security plan. Zatko’s complaint alleges he had warned colleagues that half the company’s servers were running out-of-date and vulnerable software and that executives withheld dire facts about the number of breaches and lack of protection for user data, instead presenting directors with rosy charts measuring unimportant changes. # ⚓ Eesti Rahvusringhääling ☛ Russia_justifies_pact_between Soviet_Union_and_Nazi_Germany_on_Twitter⠀⇛ The Russian Foreign Ministry shared a video justifying the signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany back in 1939 to mark its anniversary. The video makes no mention of the MRP secret protocols used to divide Europe into spheres of influence. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Reuters:_Russia’s_Rosatom_seeking_billions_in compensation_from_Fennovoima⠀⇛ Fennovoima has meanwhile initiated several arbitrations and other proceedings against various Rosatom entities, with claims amounting close to two billion euros. # ⚓ Digitizing_55,000_pages_of_civic_meetings⠀⇛ The first tool is the Council Data Project. CDP is a truly incredible effort and tool, run by some fantastic people (Hi, Eva!). I’m not going to talk much about it, other than to say you should check out the Alameda and Oakland instances. The second tool is something I’ve been working on recently: SQL-backed full text search of city meeting minutes. You can see this working for the cities of Alameda and Oakland right now. That’s 18,746 pages of city minutes for Alameda, and 37,172 pages of city minutes for Oakland, now fully searchable by anyone. So let’s talk about how I did this, and how you can do this for your city, possibly with my help! # ⚓ [Old] Reuters ☛ U.S._House_speaker_Pelosi_discloses_trades in_Apple_and_Microsoft⠀⇛ # ⚓ [Old] NYPost ☛ Nancy_Pelosi’s_husband_bought_up_to_$2.1M worth_of_Apple,_Microsoft_shares⠀⇛ House Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s husband bought up to $1.5 million worth of Apple stock as well as up to $600,000 in Microsoft shares, according to recent financial disclosures submitted by the powerful Democratic lawmaker. # ⚓ [Old] Business Insider ☛ Nancy_Pelosi’s_husband_just purchased_up_to_$2.1_million_worth_of_Apple_and_Microsoft stock_options⠀⇛ Paul Pelosi’s stock option trades come in the midst of a roiling debate on Capitol Hill over whether lawmakers and their spouses should be allowed to trade stocks at all. # ⚓ [Old] Nasdaq ☛ Nancy_Pelosi_Discloses_Trades_in_Apple_and Microsoft⠀⇛ She also disclosed the purchase of Microsoft ($MSFT, NASDAQ) call options at a $180 strike price with an expiration date also on 6/16/2023. # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ Gulyás:_the_fireworks_were_the_last_straw –_an_unexpected_government_briefing⠀⇛ # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ Dismissed_meteorologist:_I_first_heard about_my_incompetence_at_the_government_briefing⠀⇛ Gyula Horváth, the Deputy Chairman of the National Meteorological Service, who was dismissed along with the Head of the Service on August 21st was on a 3-week holiday and did not even work on preparing the forecast for the fireworks. Many believe that he was sacked because the weather forecast submitted by the service for August 20th was not correct. He received no official reason for his dismissal. The deputy told Telex that he first heard about his supposed pre-existing “lack of competence” which was given as a reason for their dismissal at Tuesday’s government briefing. # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ Hungary’s_top_weather_experts_fired_after wrong_forecast_on_national_holiday⠀⇛ The chiefs of the National Meteorological Service have been fired after – according to the government – they made the wrong weather forecast and the fireworks planned for Statehood Day had to be postponed. A day later, the sixteen department heads of the Service issued a statement about strong political pressure. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Ron_Johnson_Now_Admits_He_Was_Part_of_the Fake-Elector_Scheme⠀⇛ Senator Ron Johnson says he doesn’t need to testify before the House Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the U.S. Capitol because he was only briefly involved with plotting to overturn the results of the 2020 election. # § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ Dallas News ☛ Will_Southlake_approve_using_book_by grandson_of_slave_in_school_bearing_his_name?⠀⇛ Social media posts circulating this week suggested it was banned from the middle school that holds his name. But Brandie Egan, a district communications coordinator, said in a statement that the book had not been banned nor under reconsideration as part of the district’s challenge process. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ The_Instinctive_Distrust_of_Big_Media⠀⇛ Anyone in journalism who wants to regain that trust would do well to read American Dispatches and internalize the lessons that Robert Parry offers, writes Nat Parry. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ EFF ☛ Indonesia’s_New_Draft_Criminal_Code_Restrains Political_Dissent⠀⇛ No Criminalization of Defamation  # ⚓ Quillette ☛ Rushdie’s_Moral_Heroism⠀⇛ Iran’s religious leaders, however, are a good deal less interested in the requirements of international diplomacy, and have been remarkably forthright in saying so to anyone who cared to listen. Khomeini’s successor, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, has repeatedly stated that the fatwa will not—indeed, cannot—be lifted, even if Rushdie “repents and becomes the most pious Muslim on Earth.” Just three years ago, the Supreme Leader’s Twitter account was briefly locked after it posted the following tweet: [...] # ⚓ RTL ☛ UK_spies_accused_over_arrest_of_Sikh_blogger_in India⠀⇛ “Evidence has now been uncovered that the British intelligence agencies, MI5 and MI6, may have contributed to Jagtar’s detention and torture by sharing intelligence with the Indian authorities,” the NGOs said. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ ‘Free_Speech_Absolutist’_Elon_Musk_Pens_Column For_Chinese_Censorship_Agency⠀⇛ So, look, I’ve been pretty clear that for as much as Elon Musk refers to himself as a “free speech absolutist,” his actions suggest otherwise. He has regularly punished people for their speech, he recently embraced the EU’s highly censorial plans for social media regulation, and his filings in the Twitter case suggest that he is quite upset that the company is fighting for free speech in India. Indeed, all of the actual evidence suggests Musk is actively opposed to free speech, not supportive of it. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Guatemala’s_War_on_Truth⠀⇛ “Since I started as a journalist in 1989, I’ve denounced that we live in a narco-klepto- dictatorship that has us kidnapped and cowered,” Zamora said as he was being escorted by security forces to the tribunal building after his arrest. A couple of days later, the Guatemalan government temporarily froze elPeriódico’s bank accounts. Last week, police raided the home of elPeriódico’s director of finance, Flora Silva. She’s currently hospitalized and facing detention, Godoy said. This isn’t the first time the government has targeted elPeriódico or Zamora in retaliation for their work. # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Journalist_Killed_in_Mexico,_15th_to_Die_So_Far This_Year⠀⇛ 2022 has been one of the deadliest ever for journalists in Mexico, which is now considered the most dangerous country for reporters outside a war zone. # ⚓ Salon ☛ Bad_to_worse_for_news_biz:_Gannett_chain_turns_to union_busting,_layoffs,_stock_buybacks⠀⇛ What’s gotten less attention from the corporate news media is how publicly traded corporations like Amazon and Starbucks are doubling down on illegal or dubious strategies to defeat these organizing efforts, often in ways that are not in the long- term interest of workers, the nation, their brands or even their investors, but actually serve only to personally enrich the C-suite. Such is evidently the case with the Gannett newspaper chain, which owns more than 250 newspapers across the country including USA Today. In my home state of New Jersey, Gannett now controls a long list of the Garden State’s most trusted legacy local papers: the Asbury Park Press, The Bergen Record, the Courier News, The Courier Post, the Daily Record, the Home News Tribune, the Daily Journal, the New Jersey Herald and the Burlington County Times. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ Capitol_Records_Drops_Its_First_Virtual Rapper_After_Just_Over_a_Week⠀⇛ The virtual rapper — who describes himself as a robot in a the afromentioned “interview” and across his TikTok and Instagram pages — is pretty human- looking, save for a golden left hand and chin plate below his glowing green pupils. Though Meka is obviously not a person in storyline nor reality, he mostly looks it — and he doesn’t immediately look Black. This racial ambiguity, tied together with songs in which Meka raps the N-word, had drawn intense ire across the [Internet]. # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Capitol_Records_walks_away_from_AI_rapper project,_offers_‘deepest_apologies_to_the_Black_community’⠀⇛ FN Meka, a virtual rapper powered by AI, was first created by Factory New in 2019, according to The New York Times. The virtual rapper has amassed more than 10 million followers on its TikTok profile. # ⚓ [Old] Bloomberg ☛ China’s_Gen_Z_Is_Dejected,_Underemployed and_Slowing_the_Economy⠀⇛ A perfect storm of factors has propelled unemployment among 16- to 24-year-old urbanites to a record 19.3%, more than twice the comparable rate in the US. The government’s hardline coronavirus strategy has led to layoffs, while its regulatory crackdown on real estate and education companies has hit the private sector. At the same time, a record number of college and vocational school graduates—some 12 million—are entering the job market this summer. This highly educated cohort has intensified a mismatch between available roles and jobseekers’ expectations. # ⚓ News AU ☛ Surprising_origin_of_‘quiet_quitting’_trend sweeping_through_Aussie_offices⠀⇛ So it may shock many that the concept of “quiet quitting” is actually derived from a movement that began sweeping through China last year known as “lying flat” or tang ping. # ⚓ Leeds_bowlers_set_a_trap_for_nuisance_teenagers_after “unprecedented”_levels_of_theft_and_vandalism⠀⇛ “Police arrived 30 minutes later, followed our instructions as to not have them able to run off and therefore able to be spoken to and dealt with – some being the same as on CCTV from the day before.” # ⚓ Mirror UK ☛ Police_slam_bowls_club_for_filming_kids_without permission_using_anti-vandal_CCTV⠀⇛ “We literally did their job for them, instructed them how to apprehend them, yet protecting them because of their age, the law is not on our side when it comes to youths. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ South_Carolina_Shows_Abortion_Rights_Activists Can_Make_Progress_in_Red_States⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Legal_Experts_Scratch_Their_Heads_at_Trump’s “Very_Strange”_New_DOJ_Lawsuit⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Can_Dennis_Rodman_Secure_Brittney_Griner’s Freedom?⠀⇛ It sounds absurd: Dennis Rodman has plans to travel to Russia to speak with Vladimir Putin about freeing Brittney Griner from prison. The NBA Hall of Famer, as famous for his flamboyance as for his rebounding, thinks he can succeed where the Antony Blinken State Department has failed and find a way to get WNBA superstar Griner out of a Russian cell. I can’t bring myself to mock Rodman like so many in the sports world seem content to do—and not just because some news outlets have spent more time discussing Rodman’s gambit in one week than they have spent raising the name of Brittney Griner over the last eight months. My reasons for not scoffing come down to two words: “Why not?” The State Department has so far failed to free Griner, and we’ve seen celebrity diplomacy work in the past, albeit with figures more esteemed than Rodman. Even if Rodman lacks the gravitas of a Muhammad Ali, he shares Ali’s currency of fame and that, in dealing with dictators, can be priceless. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ George_Lopez_is_the_latest_comedian_to sue_Pandora_for_copyright_infringement⠀⇛ Lopez filed suit on Tuesday, claiming that Pandora streamed two of his comedy albums, Right Now Right Now and Team Leader, without paying him royalties or obtaining the proper licenses from him. “[Pandora] decided it would infringe now to ensure it had this very valuable intellectual property on its platform to remain competitive, and deal with the consequences later,” the filing said. “Later is now.” A representative for Pandora’s parent company, SiriusXM, did not immediately respond to request for comment. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ YouTube_Fires_Back_in_Content_ID Lawsuit_Haunted_By_Fraud_Allegations⠀⇛ A lawsuit accusing YouTube of operating a two-tier copyright enforcement system is seen by some as a beacon of hope for smaller artists. YouTube’s failure to have the case dismissed was recently publicized in entertainment media, but few outlets addressed the allegations of fraud that have dogged the case from the start. Google’s latest filing offers a comprehensive reminder. * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal⠀➾ # ⚓ Snow_Crash_by_Neal_Stephenson⠀⇛ It can be fun to go back and revisit old cyberpunk novels. They were basically predictions of what the authors thought the era we’re living in now might be. Most of it was speculative fiction, but when Neal Stephenson came along in the early 90s with Snow Crash, one of his main goals was actually parody. The book was intended to poke quite a lot of fun at the sub-genre, as it was kind of getting driven into the ground after a decade or so of popularity. That isn’t to say he didn’t come up with any potential future technologies that our world in the here and now is exploring (the metaverse says hi). On the whole, the book was more tongue and cheek than anything else. People who are familiar with cyberpunk will get a lot more chuckles while reading Snow Crash, but even those not so clued in on the sub-genre can still enjoy it. The story takes place in the near future, although it could be argued that the time period is right around now, but it was a good three decades away when Stephenson was writing the book. Most countries have collapsed and corporate franchises have taken their place. It would be like some neighbourhoods being owned by Amazon, another down the road owned by McDonald’s, maybe another by Tencent, and so forth. Each franchise is considered sovereign with their own sets of laws within their borders. # ⚓ Do_what_you_love_and_love_what_you_do⠀⇛ Do what you love and love what you do and success will automatically follow. Don’t work for success but for love. o § Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Off-grid_in_suburbia⠀⇛ Energy costs have gone absolutely off the rails in the UK. The geopolitics of it are known, of course, but that doesn’t change the domestic impact. [...] The main shortage is with gas, but the UK burns a lot of gas in turbines to generate electricity, so electricity prices are affected too. This house is expected to get through ~3MWh of electricity per year, and ~9MWh of gas. From Feb-Aug, we’ve managed to get through around 5.5MWh combined, so it’s not a bad estimate. [...] A lot of people simply don’t have a choice about paying – if you’re on minimum wage, rent is ⅓rd of your income (optimistically) and energy is ½, you’re left with ⅙th – £2,000/yr, £166/mo – for everything else: food, transport, toiletries. Let’s not forget that food price inflation is very much a thing right now as well. # ⚓ Swedish_Block_Politics⠀⇛ What’s good about block politics is that it fixes the mathematical problem with single-vote. You get the best of multi-party systems (you can get nuanced representation) and of two-party systems (you have the highest possible chance of avoiding the most disastrous outcomes, of voting out the worst of the fachos—assuming that the party you hate the most is in the opposite block). In Sweden the parties on the nominal left hate block politics and each other (and for good reason because they’ve treated each other horribly). They don’t wanna govern together, which means that a vote for them is not a reliable vote against the far right. Unfortunately, there’s no alternative except to vote for one of them and hope that they can sober up for three seconds and that it’ll be enough to keep the brownshirts off the throne for four more years. That’s unlikely since they’ve spent more of the campaign trail time pulling each other’s hair and breaking each other’s hearts than finding common ground. o § Technical⠀➾ # § Programming⠀➾ # ⚓ Arna_alkierios_::_How_to_create_gemini_feed⠀⇛ I’ve created this capsule in gemini space but I’m still not known to others. I’m not in threads and searching engines. How to spread message about my capsule? How to create acceptable feed? # ⚓ Arna_alkierios_::_lqs⠀⇛ The main inspiration was `tig` – super druper console app for git. I’d like to have something similar for sql. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5926 ➮ Generation completed at 02:43, i.e. 49 seconds to (re)generate ⟲