𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Friday, August 26, 2022 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Sat 27 Aug 02:43:25 BST 2022 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmUZHkoHzitUm38ZMdJ3aeGJsFbcEbrpbxRqLxgvnLFKPL QmRYZ5KjYGZuv3b7JvqAbV4rfX2ZVkMWBfC4aXFKwZjrct QmcPmtYjQ627Bey3DX46YG4WiSgmpF8GB5yDWsvH4ohkxP QmQeorfyCyeAdMaNzuRmrXYgrqiqrzPKP9SHtd6mCKWrFe QmUiMdJ65F7h2Cxy54N5XhhxXLLQwtpgk8b6bvC942r2xY QmNb2ydzs2uqBuBowYxV8oB66PL2Ed3KkRKEaU3DCDTSZ9 QmQe9CSmi7hJdXsrLQALzxjVKn6GwdcmeGuS1KbgZg6DfD QmY8oB1Qg87HBxwHopNxS6LMozLiwmSxad31Ttse73Fh2q QmXt1BammAJUuBrf4QPcungjNg2ePnbbrjoTfCoibP7XTL QmdDSQKaZJPnyDHFjeXTz7ZrVGb39ksdMdmtNhpx75EgdH QmZ7mLY8uo6YvRrfUTtX3hPHDhQgDNyt4AB4fPvzYWrcC4 QmTZezLwd5vekievmKZscKgr1hkxvuHoSSsWhkA4iTy7Tu QmNWKKu3gEEUM8UjAb868zLoy5CP9rUmyUWSSFH78F7ZGy Qmc1hpdpKJMrmE55WT3tg3aQBqe3inuQhnbsjTc8RVVKFq QmZNGE6NoRBC2J66AEvKbXxsP9j48e5nLCkLncW2SuYUD5 Qmd1qRcbFUvYnekMd31x6KbniK82hv6mEweUfvuLLLU3Dn QmPGPjyuWmmi4WH1Pm1qxX7pzZhtRC3umeb4DmdE7NfXdU QmbvCLhKBwB76DsbrKx6Pq16KSvtb9sW8UKVXj9v1pDgCv QmcoFCaZUJmzby8Vb2wg8PBXe6VR8hW77edQo1u3NsCJ3Q QmT4B1hoouASzbTAnEZbb6oYbbFnicQpd6JXDB5iwP9Y91 QmZeoDeQynAEb5Yhp8urADxooTvcjp93jYM7aoGTReoxAm ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Amid Layoffs (Culling of Almost 20,000 Permanent Microsoft Employees) the Market Share of Microsoft/Windows/IIS Continues to Collapse in the World Wide Web | Techrights ⦿ GNU/Linux Market Share Worldwide, Based on 3 Million Sites’ Logs, Rose to All-Time High (3%) This Month | Techrights ⦿ Copyright Troll Targets Articles About EPO Corruption | Techrights ⦿ Traffic in Social Control Media is Fake, Based on Whistleblowers Too | Techrights ⦿ Not Just Twitter: YouTube is Failing, Flailing, and Tolerating Clickfraud (Bot Activity) in Order to Fake Its Size (Audience Magnitude) | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Thursday, August 25, 2022 | Techrights ⦿ Humour as a Non-Answer | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/august-2022-web-server-survey/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/august-desktops-laptops/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/copyright-trolls/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/fake-social-control-media/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/faketube/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/irc-log-250822/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/linus-torvalds-on-backdoor-in-linux/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/centos-automotive-sig/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/networkmanager-1-40-0/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 66 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/august-2022-web-server-survey/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/august-2022-web-server-survey/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Amid_Layoffs_(Culling_of_Almost_20,000_Permanent_Microsoft_Employees)_the Market_Share_of_Microsoft/Windows/IIS_Continues_to_Collapse_in_the_World_Wide Web⠀✐ Posted in Microsoft, Servers at 5:07 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Released this evening: August_2022_Web_Server_Survey 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Web_server_market_share:_Down_again⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Web_server_market_share_for_active_sites:_Down_again⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Web_server_market_share_for_top_million_busiest_sites:_Down again⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Web_server_market_share_for_computers:_Down_again⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Web_server_market_share_for_domains:_Down_again⦈_ Summary: Microsoft’s slide into irrelevance carries on this summer (no wonder there_are_many_layoffs); Notice that Microsoft’s ranks on the Web are so low now that in 3 out of 5 charts Microsoft isn’t even named in the tables anymore (in the other 2 it’s listed last) ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣹⣙⣉⣉⣙⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣙⣍⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣏⣉⣏⣉⣉⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⠟⠛⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⡿⠟⠃⠉⠈⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣯⣄⣤⣤⣦⡼⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣭⣭⣭⠭⠭⢉⣉⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠛⣿⡏⢛⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⢂⠲⣶⣦⣦⣀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠖⣴⣶⣶⣦⠰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣧⣤⣤⣧⣄⣠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣑⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣉⣙⣁⠛⡃⣚⣛⣛⣛⣛⣃⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡋⢙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣯⣭⣭⣧⣬⣤⣅⣤⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣧⣿⣿⠟⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⢹⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣧⣂⣠⣀⣰⣈⣄⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣤⣤⣿⡗⢰⢆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠖⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣆⠀⣤⡀⠆⣴⣶⡶⢂⡀⡶⢂⠒⡶⡲⣶⣾⣯⣭⣭⣇⣭⣂⣠⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠙⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠋⡉⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢋⣉⣚⣛⣂⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢃⣃⠛⠓⠀⣛⣛⣃⣚⡃⠃⢚⣓⣚⣛⣉⢻⣯⣭⣭⣇⣃⣉⣀⣉⣉⣁⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠝⠹⠻⠿⢟⡻⢛⢿⡿⡇⣿⣧⣶⣞⣿⢿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠟⣩⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⡸⢿⡇⠹⠋⢰⣜⣡⣮⣍⡛⢿⣯⣭⣭⣯⣊⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣧⣤⣤⣿⣷⠐⠴⡶⣂⣔⢶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣠⡄⣶⣦⡰⢶⡶⠂⡰⡶⣶⣶⠒⠰⠆⡤⠐⡆⠤⠰⢶⣶⠶⢖⣴⣾⣯⣭⣭⣏⣀⣈⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠼⠷⠠⠙⠻⠷⠦⠦⠛⠥⠙⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠖⠊⠁⠐⠂⠂⠶⠶⠦⠆⠀⠃⠹⠴⠶⠤⠐⠶⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⢳⣧⣙⠻⢦⣥⣶⣤⣬⣍⠻⢿⣿⡷⠶⠶⠦⠤⠶⣬⡖⣂⣠⣀⠏⣥⣄⣅⡀⠦⠾⠿⢛⠻⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠓⠈⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣅⣀⣿⢯⣥⣭⢭⣭⣭⢤⣤⣭⢭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣤⢬⣭⣭⢭⣭⣥⢤⣤⣤⢤⣤⡬⢥⣬⡭⣭⣭⡭⢤⣭⣥⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⡬⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢟⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⡀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣀⢜⠋⣈⢜⠉⣄⠜⠉⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⢔⠉⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⣠⣤⣏⣤⣼⣇⣢⣴⣁⣠⣼⣅⣠⣶⣿⣤⣼⣇⣤⣼⣇⣠⣼⣇⣅⣾⣁⣠⣾⣧⣠⣾⣧⣠⣾⣏⣠⣼⠅⠄⠊⠁⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣯⣤⣾⣍⣥⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠟⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⡟⠻⠿⠻⠟⡿⠟⠿⠿⢿⠿⢻⠿⠟⠻⠿⡿⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡶⠾⢶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⢶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⣤⣿⣷⣶⠆⠒⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣏⣉⣉⣏⣋⣉⣁⣉⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⣥⣤⠴⠶⠶⠀⠰⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡟⣉⣉⣬⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣏⣙⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⣤⣿⣯⣤⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣍⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⡭⡍⡩⣩⣉⠩⠭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣏⣉⣉⣏⡉⣩⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠿⠟⠟⠴⠥⠾⠷⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠌⠬⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣟⣛⣛⣏⣉⣋⠉⣉⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣮⣵⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣍⣍⣛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣕⣀⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⠩⡭⣭⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⡉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣟⣛⣛⡏⠉⣙⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠤⠾⠷⠶⠎⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣟⣛⣛⡏⠉⢙⠉⡋⠙⢹⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣙⣫⣦⣍⣛⣛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⡾⣷⠌⢙⣋⠩⠩⣽⣟⣛⣛⡏⠉⡋⠉⡙⠋⠙⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⣁⣈⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣌⠉⠩⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠭⢡⣉⣩⣥⣤⡄⣤⣄⣠⣨⣩⣭⣭⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠬⠉⠍⠓⠘⠛⠛⠛⠋⠋⠉⠀⠠⠠⠤⠹⠛⠛⠛⠛⠵⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡬⣉⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣉⣉⣥⣙⣋⢁⣒⠚⠛⠐⣃⣒⣉⣠⣠⣤⣴⣤⣴⣷⣦⣬⣤⣤⣥⣴⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠐⠒⠢⠶⠶⠶⠶⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣏⣉⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣬⣭⣥⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠈⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠋⢉⠼⠋⢉⡨⠋⢁⣸⠋⢉⠼⠋⢁⡸⠋⢁⣼⠋⢉⠸⠋⢁⡸⠋⢑⡨⠋⢑⠸⠋⢑⡸⠋⢁⡸⠋⢉⠼⠋⢑⡼⠋⠁⠘⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢁⣤⣎⣁⣬⣆⣁⣤⣶⢁⣤⣎⣡⣬⣆⣁⣤⣶⢁⣤⣎⣡⣬⣆⣁⣤⣶⢁⣤⣎⣡⣬⣆⣁⣤⣾⢁⣬⣎⣡⣬⡎⠁⠀⠀⢀⣠⡄⣀⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠙⡛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠋⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⡏⠋⠛⡛⠛⢹⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⢉⡛⠛⢻⠙⠛⡛⠛⠉⠙⠛⣿⠛⠛⠙⠛⠙⠛⠙⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⠿⠛⠈⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣬⣄⣤⣤⣦⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠤⢤⢤⣴⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠦⠝⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣮⣮⣍⡻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⢤⣤⣤⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣭⣍⣉⡉⠭⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣶⣶⣾⠤⣤⣤⠤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠦⠍⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣶⣶⣾⡥⣤⠤⣤⣤⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣭⣍⣛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⢵⣤⡴⠤⢦⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠥⠤⢤⡬⣭⣉⡉⡉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣶⣶⣾⣥⣤⣶⣤⣤⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠛⢻⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠭⠵⠶⠶⠾⠿⠖⠒⠒⠖⠒⠖⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣾⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍⣙⣛⣛⣛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠛⠭⠴⠶⠶⠶⢖⠒⢛⡛⢛⣛⣛⣩⣥⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡛⣭⣭⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠤⠤⠭⠭⠭⠍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣀⣉⡉⠉⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢻⣿⠀⠐⠘⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠊⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⠞⠏⡿⠟⠏⡿⠟⠏⡻⠟⠏⡻⠟⠏⡿⠟⠏⡻⠟⢏⡿⠟⠏⡿⠟⠏⡿⠟⠏⡻⠟⠋⡿⠟⠋⡿⠟⠋⡿⠟⠏⡿⠟⠋⠋⠁⠀⠀⠔⠋⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢉⣦⠐⢋⣢⠐⢋⣠⡔⢋⣣⠐⢉⣧⠐⢋⣢⠐⢋⣠⡔⢋⣣⠐⢉⣧⠐⢋⣢⠐⢋⣠⡔⢋⣡⠐⢉⣧⠐⢋⣢⠐⠋⠀⢀⢀⣠⡔⢉⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠚⠉⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠁⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠴⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠶⠦⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠗⠂⠀⠀⠠⠴⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠤⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠦⠴⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⣀⠴⠾⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠶⠴⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠒⠉⠀⠀⠤⠶⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠶⠴⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠠⠴⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡇⢂⡅⢀⠀⡀⣈⡇⠈⠂⠀⠃⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠤⠶⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠛⠛⢿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠋⠁⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣶⣶⡶⢶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⠶⣶⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠛⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠋⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⡏⠙⠛⠙⠛⢹⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠋⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⣿⠷⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣷⠶⠂⠂⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣯⣭⣭⣏⣈⣍⣁⣉⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣏⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣒⠒⠲⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣯⣭⣭⣇⣅⣉⣉⣉⣡⣹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣒⣒⣒⠶⠶⠖⣒⡲⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣯⣭⣭⣏⣉⣈⣉⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣐⡒⡒⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣯⣭⣭⣏⣀⣈⣉⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣿⡷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢖⣒⣒⣒⠲⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣔⡒⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠖⣒⣂⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣦⣭⣭⣛⡛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠮⠍⣉⣉⠲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⣤⣀⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣬⣭⣉⡉⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⠍⣩⣤⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣤⣭⡉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣭⣭⣉⠩⢉⣩⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠭⢉⣥⣬⣤⣤⣭⣉⡉⠍⠭⠭⢭⡭⢍⣉⣩⣥⣤⣬⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⠭⢉⣉⣤⣬⡭⠭⠭⠭⠍⣉⣉⣉⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣉⠩⠭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣋⣙⣛⣫⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠭⠅⣒⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠶⠶⣦⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢛⣛⣋⣭⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣐⣒⣒⣒⣚⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⠛⠋⠁⣀⣐⣂⣐⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⡸⠟⠉⣨⠟⠋⣈⠟⢋⣀⠿⠫⢈⠿⠋⢃⡹⠋⢁⡹⠛⣙⡽⠟⠅⡸⠟⠙⣨⠟⠋⣈⠟⢋⣀⠿⠋⠁⠉⠁⢀⡠⠒⢁⡹⠟⢅⡹⠟⠉⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡋⣁⣸⡎⣉⣌⣾⡍⣨⣶⣉⣠⡗⠉⣀⣷⣍⣁⣷⣊⣉⣴⡎⣁⣼⣎⢉⣬⡎⢋⣬⡖⢋⣭⣶⠉⣠⡷⠉⠁⠁⢀⣀⣰⣮⢁⣼⣾⢁⣼⣮⢉⣬⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠙⡟⠛⠛⠛⢛⠋⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠋⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⡟⠋⡟⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⡶⠖⠐⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣭⣭⣽⣡⣨⣀⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣒⣒⣒⣒⣚⣒⣒⣚⣛⣛⡋⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣭⣭⣽⣨⣈⣡⣀⣍⣐⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣄⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣤⣤⣼⣿⣒⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣒⣒⣒⡒⡒⠆⣦⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣭⣭⣽⣉⣁⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⣉⣙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣭⣭⣽⣅⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣜⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣕⣈⣉⣁⣈⣉⣹⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣤⣤⣼⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⡒⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣭⣭⣽⣕⣀⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣐⣈⣉⣁⣈⣉⣛⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⣂⣉⣙⣛⡛⠛⠛⢛⣛⣛⠛⢛⢛⣛⣛⣿⣭⣭⣽⣙⣈⣁⣉⣉⣉⣸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡇⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣬⣴⣦⣮⡬⠩⠭⠍⢥⣍⣭⣥⣶⣦⣤⣬⣬⣙⣀⠲⠶⣿⣭⣭⣽⣁⢉⣉⣡⣉⣁⢉⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢛⣛⣛⣡⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣮⣉⣛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠩⠭⠩⠶⠶⠾⠟⠿⠛⠛⠻⠟⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠙⠉⠍⠛⠋⠢⠤⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣭⣭⡶⠶⠶⢚⣒⣒⣠⣤⣤⣄⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢟⡛⠭⠴⠾⠿⢲⣦⣄⠀⠒⠒⠶⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣯⣀⣸⡿⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⠤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⠤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⠤⠄⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⡛⢁⣠⢟⢉⡠⢜⢋⣀⢜⠋⣀⠬⡋⣁⡬⡛⣁⡠⡛⢁⣡⢟⢉⡠⢜⢋⣀⢼⠋⣈⢼⡋⣁⡼⡛⣁⡤⡟⢁⡠⠟⠁⠀⢈⢀⣀⢴⠂⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⣤⣾⣇⣤⣾⣧⣤⣾⣇⣠⣴⣿⣠⣴⣿⣁⣤⣿⣇⣤⣾⣇⣤⣾⣧⣤⣾⣇⣠⣴⣿⣠⣴⣿⡁⠤⠟⠃⠀⠈⣀⣠⣤⣆⣤⣾⣿⣡⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 267 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/august-desktops-laptops/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/august-desktops-laptops/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ GNU/Linux_Market_Share_Worldwide,_Based_on_3_Million_Sites’_Logs,_Rose_to All-Time_High_(3%)_This_Month⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux at 5:24 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz As the month reaches its end, consider this_tentative_data_for_August: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNU/Linux grows⦈ Some Web browsers in GNU/Linux (like LibreWolf on my machine) identity as “Windows” even though they’re on GNU/Linux; Microsoft is aware of this trend and is resorting to illegal_actions Summary: Excluding ChromeOS and Android (which also contain Linux), what we see here is ongoing growth of GNU/Linux and “Unknown” (certainly not Microsoft and Apple); in some countries GNU/Linux rose above 20% in market share in_recent months, contributing to this tide ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 384 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/copyright-trolls/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/copyright-trolls/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Copyright_Troll_Targets_Articles_About_EPO_Corruption⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Europe, Patents at 7:32 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Czech/German duo⦈ Czech dictator meets well-connected_corrupt_criminal based in_Germany Summary: This August was fascinating in the sense that we grappled with likely legally-invalid threats from Germany, on behalf of someone from the Czech Republic As we noted_here_last_week, something we wrote about EPO_corruption an entire year ago attracted the attention of some German patent troll, who seems to be scattering threats to a lot of sites. For the public record it’s worth outlining what’s wrong with those threats. First of all, the date on the Power of Attorney letter is June, i.e. 2 months earlier. Has he been on a ‘crusade’ for two months already? As someone told us a week ago, maybe he sends 100,000 such letters. But who knows… But let’s go back to the beginning and explain what happened. Earlier this month I received a nasty (and frivolous) letter from a lawyer/ attorney, but it was so weak and baseless that it seemed safe to ignore. Maybe I’ll publish a full copy at a later date, but it would likely help the troll more than it harms the troll. We’ve already seen so-called ‘researchers’ wasting sites’ time by sending them threats to ‘study’ the response. 8 days later another letter was sent, this time too following more of a script. It didn’t seem personalised, except a name and address (which seemed wrong). This is a copyright troll, as per the definition, sending messages only/mostly on Friday nights (that’s strategic sometimes; it denies access to legal advice). I ended up attaching all the material, sending it to people who specialise in copyright trolls. This needed cataloging. What’s wrong with the threat? Among many issues: * he does not specify an actual page but a group of pages * he does not specify which image * it seems to be sent in bulk to many people (several things make this rather obvious) * it’s actually a low-resolution meme, hence fair use likely * I’m not based in Germany I’m not subjected to US law, either this was posted a year ago it’s in post in the public interest, not for-profit (it’s about corruption at the EPO) I still don’t know what photo he talks about, but it is likely a depiction of nature (again, subjecting that to fair use doctrine) In short, it seems like someone is wasting money and time on clueless law firms, or maybe they look for easy targets with no access to legal advice on Friday. I decided to write about this tonight as this Friday, for a change, no communication arrived. One can trivially see he follows a script. Notice date. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Signed in June⦈ June? Really? I sent this short reply almost 15 days ago*, asking” [w]hich specific image are you talking about?” He never responded to my message. He seems to work like a script or a bot, not even keeping abreast of anything mildly “off-script”. He should be disbarred. This is abuse or misuse of power, not following very simple protocols, misinforming his targets later on a Friday. I know a thing or too about patent bullies trying to use “copyrights” to muzzle criticism or scare critics; it happened before and they ended up with an egg in their face, without me even needing a lawyer. Does this have anything to do with the EPO itself? Hard to tell. For reasons specified last week, it’s not impossible, but the simpler explanation is that we’re caught in the drift net of a copyright troll. “Does this have anything to do with the EPO itself? Hard to tell. For reasons specified last week, it’s not impossible, but the simpler explanation is that we’re caught in the drift net of a copyright troll.”Remember that the EPO’s management is wasting over 6 million euros (with approval from Josef and the other puppets) on lawyers whose sole purpose is to fight against EPO staff in court. Josef is the head of the ‘IP’ office in the Czech Republic, which is incidentally the same nationality as the name above. One possible theory here is that we’re dealing combative legal hacks who are battling people with legitimate grievances by reaching out to deep pockets, not by presenting anything of merit (like complainants drowning out the respondents with paperwork to waste time, until they run out of budget and simply give up). We ought not end up in a society where law firms and lawyers are manifestations of SLAPP, e.g. the formalisation of a totally bullshit/bullish “system” whereby rich people can twist “the law” to do anything to people whom they dislike. In dictatorships, the prosecutors too are doing this, with their mates called “judges” (wearing various lousy costumes). In the EPO we saw numerous examples of this. Having sought some advice and discussed this with people who know copyright trolling very well, one of them told me: “I think you just ignore them. I’m not a lawyer, but I doubt that filing a suit against you in the USA will be cheaper than the maximum damages you’d be forced to pay. If you don’t have an EU presence and/or bank account, they’re probably out of luck.” “They operate in complete darkness, recklessly breaking laws, and the legal threats come to people who expose the corruption, not those who are responsible for the corruption.”I still think in the grand scheme of things it is plausible that this is connected to SLAPP over EPO reporting, based on the track record of EPO management. It will never be possible to prove such a thing though. Another person whom I’ve asked about this said it is “clearly impossible to remove an image if you don’t know which one it is. IANAL, but if he won’t specify, seems empty threat at the moment…” The amount of corruption at the EPO is just unbelievable and it is closely connected to EUIPO/OHIM, i.e. the EU (I’m pro-EU, but this is just horrible). The corruption is so profound that they corrupt the media, bribe the national delegations, stack the courts etc. We need the wider public involved in this battle, as we’re dealing with a kind of “mafia” here and thus we get lots of whistleblowers. Sadly, the ombudsman too never mentions these issues. They operate in complete darkness, recklessly breaking laws, and the legal threats come to people who expose the corruption, not those who are responsible for the corruption. █ _____ * This is the message I sent within a day (my question has not been answered in 15 days!) Hi, the post http://techrights.org/2021/12/13/credit-to-norway/ contains memes from a meme site, https://imgflip.com That's where I got it from. Which specific image are you talking about? I'll remove it as soon as you identify which one. Regards, -- Dr. Roy S. Schestowitz | http://schestowitz.com | PGP-Key: 0x74572E8E Editor @ http://techrights.org & http://tuxmachines.org ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⡀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣉⣹⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠯⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⡏⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠹⡟⠛⠿⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠾⠟⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢲⣄⣸⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣢⡄⢠⣾⢿⡟⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢿⣧⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⣗⣚⣵⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣆⠀⢲⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⢠⡟⢠⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣆⢀⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⠈⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⡟⠦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⠄⡇⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣽⠀⠀⠀⢨⣍⣩⣽⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠞⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⣠⣼⣧⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠁⠀⠀⢀⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⡰⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⣤⣄⣀⠀⣭⣭⣩⣭⠀⠀⠀⢈⣉⣭⣹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣆⠞⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡟⣜⣿⣿⠟⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠐⢀⣿⣿⡟⠀⣿⣿⣻⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣏⣤⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡥⠤⢄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠜⣻⣿⡁⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡠⠤⠀⠀⠹⣗⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⡀⣤⣴⡟⠋⠉⠉⠑⠛⠃⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠋⢸⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⠀⠀⣀⢰⣿⣿⣿⡝⠟⠛⠃⠠⡄⣀⡀⢀⣾⣟⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡞⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⠛⠁⠙⠻⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⣴⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⠷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠱⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣽⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢏⡜⣿⠟⣟⢸⡟⣟⢻⡻⡗⣿⢻⡛⣿⢻⡟⣟⣿⢹⡟⣛⣟⣟⢻⡋⣿⢺⢻⡟⣻⢻⡻⣿⣿⢡⣶⣽⡟⣻⢻⡟⣿⢻⡟⣟⢻⠟⣟⣿⢺⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⣴⣶⣸⣎⣻⣸⣇⣿⣸⣇⣇⣿⣸⣇⣿⣸⣟⣂⣿⣘⣇⣿⣇⣫⣸⣇⣿⣸⣇⣱⣷⣘⣻⣿⣿⣌⣛⣽⣧⣛⣼⣇⣻⣸⣇⣿⣸⣎⣛⣽⣸⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢛⣟⣻⡏⡿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢽⡿⢿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢻⡿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⢿⡿⢹⣿⡟⣿⢟⣿⠿⢿⡿⢿⡿⠻⡿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢹⠿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣽⢹⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⢿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⡸⠿⣻⡇⣿⢸⡋⠅⢻⢸⡇⣿⠀⡇⣼⢸⡟⠭⢸⠀⣿⢸⣿⡟⠿⣸⡐⠿⣸⡧⡍⣿⠨⢥⣿⢸⣿⡇⣴⡝⢿⢰⣿⠫⠅⣿⢸⡐⠿⣸⡅⠿⣿⢸⡇⣿⡜⢱⣧⣿⢸⣿⡟⠭⠸⡇⣿⢸⡇⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢘⣛⣸⡁⣿⡷⢸⣿⡇⣛⣣⡏⣽⡏⣒⣹⣍⡺⣿⢹⠋⣾⢸⠋⣊⣻⢹⡎⣿⢰⣿⣿⠃⠆⢻⡏⣷⢹⡇⣾⢱⡎⢻⢹⡎⣿⢹⠋⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣷⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⢱⣶⣽⣟⡟⣿⢛⡛⣛⢻⡟⣿⢻⡟⡟⢻⡻⡟⣻⡻⡟⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣜⣛⣽⣅⣧⣻⣸⣇⣿⣸⡇⣟⣼⣧⣧⣿⣇⣧⣛⣥⣿⣓⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⡏⡟⣟⣿⡋⡿⣛⣿⣿⡻⣻⣿⣛⣿⢙⡻⡟⣻⣿⣟⡻⡏⣛⣿⣿⣛⢿⢻⡻⣿⣿⣟⡻⣿⣟⢿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢯⡟⡿⣛⢿⣿⣛⣿⣟⡻⡿⣛⡏⣿⣟⣻⢹⡻⣿⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣣⣇⣿⣿⣧⣧⣒⣺⣿⣟⣪⣾⣛⣿⣸⣇⣇⣿⣷⣒⣲⣯⣛⣷⣷⣒⣼⣸⣿⣿⣿⣟⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣟⣣⣇⡯⣛⢽⣿⣿⣿⣖⣢⣧⣛⣇⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣧⣒⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⢿⡕⣿⡇⣿⢾⢣⡿⣿⣿⢟⣎⣿⣿⡾⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣽⡏⣿⡇⣿⣽⢛⣚⣻⣿⣷⣿⣿⡏⡏⣿⢹⡏⣯⣿⣽⡽⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣷⣷⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣟⢿⠿⡿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣾⣧⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡭⣿⣽⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⢽⣿⣿⡟⣿⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡟⣴⡁⡁⣫⣿⢿⠍⣿⡝⣿⣿⡇⣵⣸⡟⣆⡷⠿⡼⠇⣿⣇⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡟⣟⣻⣿⢿⣟⣻⢿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢵⣾⣿⣷⣾⣶⣏⣶⡆⣧⡺⣿⡇⣭⣽⣿⣶⢽⣞⢯⡏⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 652 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/fake-social-control-media/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/fake-social-control-media/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Traffic_in_Social_Control_Media_is_Fake,_Based_on_Whistleblowers_Too⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Protocol at 4:42 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum acc3c975e48ddd7d5ee21726228a31b9 Social Control Media Metrics Are Lies Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/fake-media-metrics.webm Summary: Whistleblowers from Facebook, Twitter and maybe more companies to come have revealed information of interest to the general public and it’s hard to simply discredit such high-profile staff; one foregone conclusion is that these companies are misleading their own users and are well aware of that EARLY this_morning we published an article about YouTube faking its numbers, just like Twitter does (or turns a blind eye when people game their numbers). It helps mislead shareholders (investors), compelling them to keep pouring more money into a failing, losing (no financial gain) venture, based on a misguided sense of future potential. “People who wish to have true impact on the Web should diversify (the Web is a shrinking platform) and host their own stuff. Try more protocols. Gemini is easy to self-host, even from one’s own home.”Less than a week ago a high-level Twitter executive, who had been fired, blew the whistle. While the focus of his revelations is partly political and not relevant to our focus on rotting ‘social’ media, part of what he said affirms what we’ve repeatedly said in recent months. It seems like a huge issue not just in Twitter but also its competitors (probably TikTok as well). The bottom line is, people should simply assume that all these platforms lie to users about reach, engagement etc. They try to keep them “hooked” based on a fictional status or sense of importance/ popularity. People who wish to have true impact on the Web should diversify (the Web is a shrinking platform) and host their own stuff. Try more protocols. Gemini is easy to self-host, even from one’s own home. It won’t be addictive, no ‘gamification’ in it, but overall it’s long-lasting and not subjected to censorship that aggravates over time (Twitter and YouTube both became more overzealous and censorious over the years). █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 714 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/faketube/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/faketube/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Not_Just_Twitter:_YouTube_is_Failing,_Flailing,_and_Tolerating_Clickfraud_ (Bot_Activity)_in_Order_to_Fake_Its_Size_(Audience_Magnitude)⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Google at 12:42 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz The relative share (% of social control media) of YouTube and Twitter, based on a data_source (OpenDocument_Format): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_share_(%)_social_control_media⦈_ Summary: A lot of numbers (or visible counters like views, subscribers etc.) in YouTube are basically fake and Google tolerates this because it gives shareholders a false sense of impact and financial viability Here in Techrights we’ve long presented various complaints about what YouTube did and had become, based on people who know the platform very well. It is infested with marketing, spam, bots, and abuse, not to mention misinformation and rampant censorship. It’s the sort of “free” platform one should avoid like the plague (or COVID-19); it’s not free at all, you’re just agreeing to give Gulag/Alphabet control over your life (or your publications, audience and so on). Right now in YouTube (GulagTube) there is this_controversy_brewing. Racism by moderators? Seems like it. Posting while black (in GulagTube) can get you badly discriminated against. What’s OK for some people isn’t OK for others. Wanna bet Gulag would seek ‘revenge’ if you call them racist (in order to protect the racists) in their own platforms? It’s like censorship being used or misused to cover up acts of censorship. Arbitrary moderation/preferences (like deranking or boosting things) isn’t done by “algorithms” or “Hey Hi” (AI). People actually code in these biases and they supervise/encourage the biases. But the reason we write this isn’t to debate censorship or racism. It’s about Google (Gulag) faking its importance. It bought the leading online video platform a decade and a half ago and (like Microsoft with GitHub and Skype) the platform’s lead is gradually lost. Never mind the financial losses, which is a problem that Twitter has as well. In Gulag’s case, they used to pour in money to ‘incentivise’ so-called ‘creators’ and pay out for ads. That sort of stopped in recent years, however gradually. There’s plenty of debate about this; it’s not just the subject of mere speculation. Many so-called ‘creators’ aren’t happy; some explore alternatives. There are many channels that simply became inactive. The main subject of this post is clickfraud. Last week I reported clickfraud to YouTube, seeing it was getting_a_lot_worse and more blatant. Did Google review the report? Probably not. It does not surprise me as I witnessed the exact same thing in Twitter. The “appeals” process is also bot-operated. It’s probably there just for legal (compliance) reasons and the video below explains how dumb it can be to even bother! It’s like no human will be assigned to actually review decisions as “that’s too expensive…” But the bottom line is that, at least in my experience, GulagTube simply ignores reports of clickfraud. Put another way, Gulag Inc. (Alphabet) is tolerating clickfraud as long as it makes the platform look up to 20 times bigger than it really is. One cannot trust the numbers there as they’re heavily gamed (it can impress Alphabet shareholders; they’re barely even informed about the financial losses). In effect, Gulag supports the ‘black market’ of fake clicks. Twitter_does_the_same. Thankfully some whistleblowers come out, speaking about such things. We need more whistleblowers. We need better media, too. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢯⡋⡏⠋⡯⣯⢯⠉⣿⢹⣭⡏⠋⡍⢹⣿⣛⢻⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡜⣉⢻⢰⠰⠰⡓⠊⢩⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠋⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⡏⡏⣷⢰⡏⡏⡇⡍⡏⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⡆⢸⡟⢸⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢰⣷⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡾⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡆⢶⣶⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠘⠇⢸⠙⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠘⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⢹⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢸⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠇⠸⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢳⠆⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡎⠋⠀⠋⠿⢻⢻⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠰⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢸⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠁⠻⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠟⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠃⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡛⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣥⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿ ⣿⣯⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣨⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣌⣩⣩⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣀⢀⣀⣉⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣨⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣩⣭ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 827 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/irc-log-250822/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/irc-log-250822/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Thursday,_August_25,_2022⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:52 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-250822.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-250822.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-250822.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-250822.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmRFN9ZTPkNo86huA4cmiVsXY4FMsKyvTHeByNJSThE4Wn #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmSCbiVPxkHgt4kF8kaEGCqQpnGydi6Le2EJxwwFyYkoxh (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmcFy65b1fPGPP7ZHwfi2UCtHyAGBTvtZ8bYGJ12hRBQD8 social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmUowsRJ5YWJidHNW5QXAgdVSACokM537bBYJ22YMnsfUg social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmREZCDGMRedZHpnWRNRuhjNLqjebfmppyqbwu4UtUQS4y #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmPLB5UAQCdMh7rNTtgaikc4v2jHqPAZ4vLcgLrbpHq1cW (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  Qmc1PvUgXh6eHFQsP3FFxZJJGsuydiEPLEzMHkt1iAatZF #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmNSL2vWndecrEZLUsc3SwvaACqVkeQXif37tZxWJLzUZa (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmZeoDeQynAEb5Yhp8urADxooTvcjp93jYM7aoGTReoxAm ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 954 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/08/26/linus-torvalds-on-backdoor-in-linux/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/08/26/linus-torvalds-on-backdoor-in-linux/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Humour_as_a_Non-Answer⠀✐ Posted in Kernel, Security, Videos at 1:35 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Linus Torvalds: http://techrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Linus-Torvalds-on-Backdoor-In- Linux.mp4 Nils Torvalds (around_the_same_time): http://techrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/nils-torvalds-back-doors.mp4 Summary: A reminder that as a US citizen Torvalds was in fact approached by the NSA (this is still applicable and relevant; the Linux_Foundation even hired CxO-level managers who had_worked_for_James_Clapper) ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 992 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_26/08/2022:_Improving_GNOME_and_Update_on_CentOS_Automotive_SIG⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 8:27 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Server o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o WINE_or_Emulation o Games o Desktop_Environments/WMs # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Open_Hardware/Modding o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Programming/Development o Standards/Consortia * Leftovers o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary o Entrapment_(Microsoft_GitHub) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy # Overpopulation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) o Monopolies # Copyrights * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Strictly_Confined_MicroK8s⠀⇛ In summary, it is a snap confinement level that provides complete isolation, up to a minimal access level that’s always deemed safe. Strictly confined snaps can not access files, networks, processes, or any other system resource without requesting specific access. Strict confinement uses security features of the Linux kernel, including AppArmor, seccomp, and namespaces to prevent applications and services from accessing the wider system. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Spotify_TUI_–_Spotify_client_for_the terminal⠀⇛ Spotify provide a semi-official app for the service. But third-party clients are available for Spotify Premium users. Spotify blocks API access to their audio for non-premium members. We recently reviewed spotify-qt, a lightweight graphical Spotify client written in C++. For this review, we’re looking at Spotify TUI. It’s a Spotify client for the terminal written in Rust. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ Homebrew_–_Basics_Commands_and_Cheat Sheet_for_Linux⠀⇛ A very exciting aspect of using the Linux operating system is the infinite number of packages we can install and explore. However, to install and use a package on a Linux operating system, we are presented with two approaches. The first approach is to use the package manager associated with your Linux distribution to search and install a targeted application package. The second approach is to download the source code associated with the targeted application package, compile, and install it. # ⚓ James G ☛ On_Ubuntu,_AppArmor_is_quite_persistent_and_likes to_reappear_on_you⠀⇛ We don’t like AppArmor, in large part because it doesn’t work in our environment; the net effect of allowing AppArmor to do anything is that periodically various things break mysteriously (for instance, Evince stops working because your $XAUTHORITY is on an NFS mounted filesystem). We do our best to not install AppArmor at all, and if it gets dragged in by package dependencies, we try to disable it with a heaping helping of systemd manipulation: [...] o § WINE or Emulation⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ CrossOver_22_released_for_running_Windows apps_and_games_on_Linux⠀⇛ CodeWeavers, the company that works on Proton with Valve and supports Wine development, has announced the released of CrossOver 22.0.0. This is their special proprietary interface for helping users across Linux, macOS and Chrome OS work with applications and games designed for Windows on their platform of choice. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ SD_GUNDAM_BATTLE_ALLIANCE_works_out_of_the box_on_Steam_Deck_and_Linux⠀⇛ SD GUNDAM BATTLE ALLIANCE is a brand new release from ARTDINK and Bandai Namco Entertainment. The good news is that it works out of the box at release on Steam Deck and Linux desktop. Battle Alliance is pretty much a hack and slash, blended together with some Anime visual novel story elements in between missions. Available to play solo or online with up to 2 others. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ One_Lonely_Outpost_gets_a_new_trailer_and_a delay_until_2023⠀⇛ One Lonely Outpost is an upcoming sci-fi colonization life and farming sim that was crowdfunded on Kickstarter. It was due this year but it’s now delayed but it seems progress is good. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Valve_testing_new_mobile_Steam_app_with_QR codes_for_sign_ins⠀⇛ Valve are now testing a new version of the Steam app for Android and iOS, which comes with a much more modern design and a QR code login system too. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Spider-Man_Remastered_update_out,_has_a couple_Steam_Deck_fixes⠀⇛ Spider-Man Remastered is an absolutely awesome game and it’s great on both Steam Deck and Linux desktop! A new patch is out with plenty of fixes. This Deck Verified title has no doubt been sucking away plenty of your time right? # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Check_out_my_appearance_with_Brodie_on_Tech Over_Tea⠀⇛ I had the pleasure of speaking to Brodie Robertson recently on the subject of Linux Gaming, Steam Deck and all sorts of things for you to sit back and chill with. This was over on Brodie’s Tech Over Tea channel. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Want_to_Help_Improve_GNOME?_This_New_Tool Gives_You_the_Chance!⠀⇛ GNOME has come up with a tool that lets users provide anonymous insights about their configurations, extensions, and GNOME-tuned settings. This should help GNOME learn more about user preferences and make better decisions to enhance the user experience. Interestingly, an intern at Red Hat (Vojtech Stanek) created this tool. The tool (gnome-info-collect) is a simple terminal program that you need to download, install, and run to share the data with GNOME. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ CentOS ☛ CentOS_Automotive_SIG:_First_Year_in_Review_– Blog.CentOS.org⠀⇛ In August 2021, the CentOS Automotive SIG launched and held its first meeting with 36 participants. We had no infrastructure, no solid architectural plans, and no documentation – just a very motivated group that very quickly grew beyond Red Hat and into the automotive community. [...] While we are proud of this work so far, it is just the beginning as we develop our relationships with other communities, including SOAFEE and Eclipse SDV, and further refine AutoSD. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Open_source_FPGA_dev_board_offers_custom RISC-V_development_environment⠀⇛ The Bajiu Lite is a FPGA development board with an open-source RISC-V development environment called CRiscV. The open source CRiscV software seems to be based on VexRiscv customized for the Bajiu Lite board. The product has been developed by Dragon Li Studio and it will be launched via CrowdSupply. The Bajiu Lite product page doesn’t clearly specify which FPGA is integrated on the board. However, the image displayed for the Bajiu Lite seems to feature the Trion T20F169 from Efinix. The product page mentions that the board can achieve frequencies greater than 150MHz with low power consumption (unspecified).  # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Pi_Pico_Gives_Its_Life_For_Overclocking⠀⇛ How fast can a Raspberry Pi Pico go? Well, apparently the answer is 1 GHz if you freeze it and give it over twice the voltage it normally gets. Oh, one catch. After a few minutes, the chip will fry itself. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Multispectral_Imaging_System_Built_With Raspberry_Pi⠀⇛ Multispectral imaging can be a useful tool, revealing all manner of secrets hidden to the human eye. [elad orbach] built a rig to perform such imaging using the humble Raspberry Pi. # ⚓ SparkFun Electronics ☛ Happy_National_Radio_Day!_–_News_– SparkFun_Electronics⠀⇛ There’s more to light than what meets the eye – literally. Visible light is a very small subsection of the entire electromagnetic spectrum, but it’s all we can see with our own eyes. The other bands of light exist on either side of visible light on the spectrum. Gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet on one end, then infrared, microwaves and radio waves on the other; all invisible to us, but able to be studied and detected through years of discovery and research. And radio is the name of the game today because August 20th is National Radio Day! We’re gonna do a deep dive on all things radio and show you how you can master this invisible method of communication at SparkFun! o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Chipsee_AIO-CM4-156_–_A_15.6-inch_industrial All-in-One_computer_with_Raspberry_Pi_CM4_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ # ⚓ 9to5Google ☛ Google_Duo_icon_comes_back_on_Android_– 9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_turn_off_WiFi_calling_on_Android_–_Phandroid⠀⇛ # ⚓ Tech Times ☛ How_to_Send_Files_Using_Google’s_AirDrop, Nearby_Share,_on_Android_Phones_|_Tech_Times⠀⇛ # ⚓ Giz China ☛ POCO_X3_NFC_gets_Android_12_officially,_and Android_13_unofficially⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Central ☛ A_new_Android_Auto_update_is_here_with_no sign_of_anticipated_redesign_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_Auto_not_connecting_outgoing_call_issue_under investigation⠀⇛ # ⚓ Express ☛ Android_warning:_Avoid_these_35_dangerous_Google Play_Store_apps_|_Express.co.uk⠀⇛ # ⚓ Computer World ☛ Android,_ChromeOS,_and_the_future_of_app discovery_|_Computerworld⠀⇛ # ⚓ 12_Easy_Ways_to_Fix_No_SIM_Card_Error_on_Android_and_iPhone [2022]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Police ☛ Best_strategy_games_for_Android_in_2022⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ My_open_source_journey_from_user_to_contributor to_CTO⠀⇛ When people ask me what I love most about open source, my answer is simple: It’s the openness. With open source, the work that community developers and contributors do is in the public domain for all to see and benefit from. I couldn’t love that philosophy more. How many people can say that about the fruits of their labor? How many, perhaps 50 years from now, can look back and say, “Check out the code I wrote that day that hundreds/thousands/tens of thousands benefited from.” I find that infinitely more exciting than working on software that’s hidden from most of the world. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Rlang ☛ Exploding_German_Electricity_Prices:_Some_Time Series⠀⇛ German wholesale electricity prices in August 2022 are extremely high with an average of 397 Euro / MWh (EPEX day ahead prices until 19th of August). That is more than 10 fold the average prices in 2019 (38.3 Euro / MWh) and 2020 (31 Euro / MWh). # ⚓ Rlang ☛ Why_Posit_Means_Growth_for_the_R_Community⠀⇛ Whether you heard it in person at rstudio::conf (2022) or caught the news through the internet grapevine, RStudio PBC is rebranding itself to – Posit PBC. # ⚓ Daniel Lemire ☛ Catching_sanitizer_errors_programmatically –_Daniel_Lemire’s_blog⠀⇛ The C and C++ languages offer little protection against programmer errors. Errors do not always show up where you expect. You can silently corrupt the content of your memory. It can make bugs difficult to track. To solve this problem, I am a big fan of programming in C and C++ using sanitizers. They slow your program, but the check that memory accesses are safe, for example. o § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 40_years_of_CDs_:_From_listening_pleasure to_useless_trash?⠀⇛ In 1981, the CD was presented at the Berlin Radio Exhibition. The first industrially produced discs rolled off the production line on August 17, 1982, and legend has it that the ABBA album “The Visitors” was burned on them. Perhaps it was also a recording of Richard Strauss’ “An Alpine Symphony,” conducted by Herbert von Karajan, who had outed himself as a big fan of the CD from the very beginning, describing it as “a miracle.” Another legend says it was waltzes by Chopin that were pressed onto the first CDs. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Reviewing As They_Made_Us⠀⇛ I wondered about what their lives growing up must have been. Bialik does not go there. That would have blurred the film’s clear focus. o ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Sucker_and_the_Citizen⠀⇛ Wouldn’t you know it, a reporter wouldn’t get some grand metaphorical, utopian vision transcending this veil of vicissitudes. I get a simile of them. o ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Why_Black_American_Art_Matters_Right_Now⠀⇛ Just recently, however, that situation has changed drastically in an entirely unexpected way. When I started publishing criticism in 1980, almost all of the art I saw and wrote about in New York was by white men. The many Black artists were not prominently discussed. Indeed, it wasn’t until 1997 that I first reviewed a Black artist’s show. Starting soon after World War Two the American armed forces were integrated – to use that old fashioned verb. And then Black players appeared in Major League baseball and African-American stars in opera. But the art world, which took a while to support women, was very slow to support Black people. In the past couple of years, however, in a long overdue development rather suddenly that has changed. Black artists (many of them not young), curators, writers and even collectors are in the news. And the theorizing of Greenberg and his successors at October has been entirely superseded. o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Buy_The_Right_To_Build_A_Nakagin_Tower_Anywhere⠀⇛ We’re guessing that among Hackaday’s readership are plenty of futurists, and while the past might be the wrong direction in which to look when considering futurism, we wouldn’t blame any of them for hankering for the days when futurism was mainstream. o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Tech_In_Plain_Sight:_Rain-Sensing_Wipers⠀⇛ While it is definitely a first-world problem that you don’t want to manually turn on your windshield wipers when it starts raining, it is also one of those things that probably sounds easier to solve than it really is. After all, you can ask a four-year-old if it is raining and expect a reasonable answer. But how do you ask that question of a computer? Especially a tiny cheap computer that is operating pretty much on its own. o ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_The_Dance_of_Sympathy_on_a_Planet_Gone Mad⠀⇛ In the White Mountains of New Hampshire, I gathered last week with a group of antiwar activists where we talked of the grim issues confronting the globe. Nuclear war, conventional war, drone war, Climate Catastrophe, American Imperialism, our Culture of Militarism. The world is in a dire, cataclysmic state. We are, it seems, a hairsbreadth from annihilating ourselves. o ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_The_Light_in_Our_Lives⠀⇛ Relax, kick back, enjoy life. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Duolingo_has_math_now_(and_it’s_kind_of_hard)⠀⇛ The topics that follow multiplication include division, fractions, area, perimeter, angles, telling time, and other things I promptly forgot how to do as soon as I graduated from high school. You get a vertical progression of lessons that build on each other as you go along. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Students_Deserve_Better:_First_Columbus Teachers_Strike_in_Almost_50_Years⠀⇛ An overwhelming 94 percent of teachers and education workers in Columbus, Ohio voted to go on strike Monday. They are demanding smaller class sizes, safe school buildings, and fully-funded arts, mu… # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ The_Far_Right_Is_Taking_Over_Florida_School Boards,_Due_in_Part_to_Dark_Money⠀⇛ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ HiPo_batteryless_NFC-powered_3.52-inch_e- Paper_display_also_comes_with_an_SPI_interface_ (Crowdfunding)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Objective_Hotend_Performance_Measurement_Is Hard⠀⇛ Evaluating the performance of 3D printers and component upgrades is a more difficult than it may seem at first glance, and subjective observations can lead to incorrect conclusions. To objectively determine the maximum flow rates of different FDM 3D printer hotends, [MirageC] is developing a robust testing standard backed by more than just visual observations. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Self-Spinning_Tennis_Ball_To_Surprise_Your Opponent⠀⇛ In many ball sports like golf, football and tennis, controlling the ball’s spin is an important skill. Expert players can make golf balls curve around obstacles, launch footballs towards goal posts from impossible angles, or confuse their opponents by making a tennis ball bounce in a completely unexpected direction. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Printable_One-Way_Driver_Skips_Ratchet_For_A Clutch⠀⇛ Ratcheting screwdrivers can help you work faster, even if their bulk means they’re not the best option for working in tight spaces. [ukman] decided to build a similar device of his own, relying on a slightly different mechanism — an overrunning clutch. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Big_tech_gone_bad:_Google_blocks_accounts based_on_false_child_exploitation_filter⠀⇛ The New York Times today reported that a San Francisco-based tech worker named only “Mark” — who ironically works for an unnamed tech company in content filtering — was banned by Google LLC for “a severe violation of Google’s policies and might be illegal” after his son became ill and photos were taken of his son. In this case, the child had an issue with his penis and after being asked by a medical professional, his wife had taken photos and sent them online through his Google account for a consultation. Google’s AI and filtering tagged the photos as child abuse without taking into context the situation. An incorrect or out-of-context block from Google is not greatly surprising. What happened next, though, is arguably appalling. # ⚓ NPR ☛ A_New_Jersey_city_achieved_0_traffic_deaths_in_4 years_with_quick,_high_impact_ideas⠀⇛ “One thing that you won’t see is something called a leading pedestrian interval,” Sharp said. “And basically, what that means is we’ve programmed our traffic signals to give pedestrians a few-second head start when they get into the crosswalk during their pedestrian phase without having to worry about turning vehicles.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ House_Report_Shows_Trump_‘Deliberately_and Repeatedly’_Undermined_Covid-19_Response⠀⇛ “Senior Trump administration officials undermined public health experts because they believed doing so would benefit the former president politically.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘How_Close_to_Death_is_Close_Enough?’:_Fury Over_Latest_Texas_Abortion_Ruling⠀⇛ “Politicians may think they know better than doctors, but doctors should not have to try to figure out how to be lawyers in order to save lives.” o § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Australia_an_increasingly_attractive_traget_for cybercriminals:_report⠀⇛ The alert comes from the Cyber Security Industry Advisory Committee (IAC) i its Annual Report 2022, with Chairman and Telstra CEO Andrew Penn commenting that deteriorating geopolitical tensions, the expansion of hybrid work outside traditional corporate firewalls and adaptive offenders saw cybercrimes including ransomware, mobile malware and business email compromise (BEC) significantly increase this past year. o § Entrapment (Microsoft GitHub)⠀➾ # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ ‘Pirate’_App_Developer_Uses_DMCA_to_Remove ‘Stolen’_Copy_from_GitHub⠀⇛ “Movies and Series Scraper” is a nifty tool that allows people to watch and download films and TV series without much hassle. The developer shares the code for free, but when he noticed that someone had “stolen” his work, he asked GitHub to remove the infringing copy from the platform. o § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ PC World ☛ DuckDuckGo’s_privacy-focused_[sic]_email service_now_open_for_all [Ed: Surveillance_by Microsoft… now ‘free’]⠀⇛ The DuckDuckGo email service has been in closed beta, but the company just removed the waitlist and made the service open for all. The service is called Email Protection, though in practice it works more or less like any web email system. DuckDuckGo provides users with a forwarding service—a “PCWorldMichael@duck.com” address, for example. Emails sent through this alias will have embedded tracking cookies and other methods of observation removed, and users will get reports on which companies have attempted to track the message. # ⚓ EFF ☛ Federal_Judge:_Invasive_Online_Proctoring_“Room Scans”_Are_Unconstitutional⠀⇛ Over the last few years, students have rarely had the option to opt-out of using remote proctoring tools, and have been essentially coerced into allowing a third-party, and their school, to collect and retain sensitive, private data about them if they want to pass a class. This opinion, though it is not binding on other courts, is an important one. Any student of a state school hoping to push back against room scans in particular could now cite it as persuasive precedent. As of yet, however, there has been no judgment or injunction, which means what specifically Cleveland State will have to do is not fully determined.  o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ ABC ☛ Russia-Ukraine_live_updates:_All_reactors_at_power plant_shut_down_for_1st_time_in_history⠀⇛ Russian President Vladimir Putin’s “special military operation” into neighboring Ukraine began on Feb. 24, with Russian forces invading from Belarus, to the north, and Russia, to the east. Ukrainian troops have offered “stiff resistance,” according to U.S. officials. # ⚓ NBC ☛ Ukrainian_nuclear_plant_is_disconnected_from_power grid_after_shelling,_officials_says⠀⇛ The Russian-held Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant suffered a “complete disconnection” from Ukraine’s power grid Thursday for the first time in its 40- year history, officials said. The last two working power units at the site in southern Ukraine were disconnected after shelling sparked fires nearby, Ukraine’s national energy company, Energoatom, said. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Pope_and_Ukraine’s_Vatican_ambassador_clash_over ‘innocence’_of_assassinated_Russian_pundit_Daria_Dugina_— Meduza⠀⇛ In a public appeal on Wednesday, August 24, Pope Francis commented on six months of war in Ukraine by “implore[ing] peace from the Lord for the beloved Ukrainian people.” After warning of “the risk of a nuclear disaster in Zaporizhzhia” and recalling the children orphaned and forced from their homes by the war, Francis mentioned “the innocents who are paying for madness, the madness of all sides,” alluding specifically to Daria Dugina as “that poor girl blown up by a bomb under her car seat in Moscow.” # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Zelensky:_Russian_strike_on_train_station_kills 15,_injures_50_in_Dnipropetrovsk_region_—_Meduza⠀⇛ A Russian missile strike on a train station in Chaplyne, Dnipropetrovsk region, has killed at least 15 people and injured 50 others, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said during a speech at the UN Security Council on Wednesday.  # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_train_station_strike_kills_at_least_25 people_on_Ukraine’s_Independence_Day_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Russian missile attacks on the town of Chaplyne, Dnipropetrovsk region, killed more than two dozen people on Ukraine’s Independence Day, Ukrainian officials reported on Thursday, August 25.  # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Power_outages_in_Kherson_and_Zaporizhzhia_regions after_nuclear_plant_security_system_tripped_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Parts of Ukraine’s Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions lost power on Thursday after the security system at the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant was triggered, according to occupation authorities. Kherson also reportedly lost water and cell service. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Referendums’_on_Russian_annexation_of_occupied Ukrainian_territories_likely_to_be_postponed_again_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Kremlin-organized “referendums” on Ukraine’s occupied territories joining Russia are unlikely to take place on September 11, five sources close to the Putin administration told Vedomosti. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Crushing_the_anti-war_movement_OVD-Info_breaks down_the_six_months_of_unprecedented_repressions_that_turned Russia_into_a_dictatorship_—_Meduza⠀⇛ It’s now been six months since Vladimir Putin launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine and internal crackdown that has effectively turned Russia into a dictatorship. In this time, the Russian anti-war movement has been all but crushed: activists and independent politicians are behind bars or in exile; ordinary people are being prosecuted en masse for attempting to speak out against the war (or in support of peace); “unreliable” artists are seeing their concerts and exhibitions canceled; military censorship reigns supreme and the independent press has been driven out of the country. Together with the human rights media project OVD-Info, Meduza presents a breakdown of the Russian authorities’ six-month-long effort to stamp out dissent once and for all.  # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘We’ve_gotten_very_good_at_killing_one_another’: Ukraine’s_mine-laden_forests_and_fields_through_the_eyes_of sappers_—_Meduza⠀⇛ In April, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs declared Ukraine one of the most mine-contaminated countries in the world. According to an estimate from the country’s State Emergency Service, mines and other explosives may contaminate up to half of the country’s territory. Ukraine’s Interior Ministry has predicted that fully demining the territory that’s been mined as of August will take between five and 10 years. In the Kyiv and Chernihiv regions, where the mines are most dense, demining teams have defused over 100,000 explosives since the Russian army’s retreat in April. At Meduza’s request, Ukrainian photographer Pavel Dorogoi traveled to the Kyiv, Chernihiv, and Sumy regions, where demining operations are currently underway, and described what he saw. In addition, Ukrainian journalist Vasily Kalyna spoke to sappers in the regions about what it’s like to spend so much time just one wrong move away from death. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Why_Do_People_Want_to_be_Nazis?⠀⇛ Sparse in its description of Kampen’s personal life and the postwar society he came of age in, the novel in its telling creates an awareness in the reader of his emotional and mental state. Extraordinarily ordinary except for his Nazism, one lesson of the novel is the ordinariness of those who become enchanted with the potential and appeal Nazism offers to certain individuals. As we know, that potential can propel those who have succumbed to the appeal to incredibly destructive and deadly acts. In the novel Red Milk, however, the only certain death is that of Gunnar Kampen. Indeed, the novel’s opening chapter is a brief description of the immediate aftermath of his passing. Two policeman examine his person after Kampen is found murdered on a train in Cheltenham Spa on the edge of the Cotswolds in the county of Gloucestershire, England. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Letter_From_Crimea:_The_Fatal_Charge_of_the Light_Brigade⠀⇛ We drove along the Worontzov Road, which bisects the battlefield, and the driver stopped so that I could walk up some steps to a forlorn Russian monument on Causeway Heights, where some of the Russian guns were positioned. By then it was clear that I had lost my audience, or at least my driver. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ End_the_Collective_Punishment_of_Afghans⠀⇛ According to the United Nations, the current situation in Afghanistan is “unparalleled.” Over 24 million people require humanitarian assistance to survive, and approximately 95 percent of the country’s population has insufficient food. Malnutrition is on the rise, with many Afghans resorting to selling body parts to feed their families. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ How_Nancy_Pelosi_Used_“Feminism”_to_Play the_“Isolationist”_Right⠀⇛ You see, dearest motherfuckers, this is the problem I have with the Gloria Steinem School of Second Wave Feminism. The whole idea of success is predicated on women rising to the top of a tower of bones built by centuries of institutionalized heterosexist chauvinism. The result is women like Hillary Clinton, Margaret Thatcher and Nancy Pelosi, who are supposed to inspire women like me by leading an empire just like the ass-grabbing barbarians they replaced or rather just joined on their mountaintop of fractured skulls and filthy money. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Roaming_Charges:_Nuclear_Midnight’s Children⠀⇛ In large measure, this dismal state of affairs is the consequence of the deepening fractures in the global environmental movement, a large swath of which has desperately embraced nuclear power as an atomic shield–dubious though it will prove to be–against cataclysmic climate change. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ ROTC_Redux:_A_Bete_Noire_of_the_Anti-War Movement_is_Back_in_the_News⠀⇛ As historian Seth Kershner points out, after US troops were withdrawn from Vietnam and the draft ended in 1973, “high schools became the answer to the Pentagon’s manpower problems.”  While the armed forces beat a strategic retreat from the Ivy League and some elite private colleges, enrollment in public high school Junior ROTC programs (JROTC) mushroomed. About half a million teenagers now get military training in 3,500 schools around the country, many of which serve poor and working-class students. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ My_First_Seventy_Years_as_an_Ex-Pat⠀⇛ But in January 1951, during the Korean War, I was drafted – and required to sign that I was never in any of those on that long, long list. Should I risk years in prison by admitting my infamy? Or sign and, by staying mum, hope to survive two army years with no one checking up? I signed. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Fake_Neutrality:_How_Western_Media_Language Misrepresents_Palestinians,_Shields_Israel⠀⇛ For the uninformed reader, the article succeeds in finding a balanced language between two equal sides. This misleading moral equivalence is one of the biggest intellectual blind spots for western journalists. If they do not outwardly champion Israel’s discourse on ‘security’ and ‘right to defend itself’, they create false parallels between Palestinians and Israelis, as if a military occupier and an occupied nation have comparable rights and responsibilities. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_US_and_Israeli_Right-Wingers_Want Only_One_Thing_in_Iran:_Regime_Change⠀⇛ Right wing Israeli politicians such as former prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu and even centrist politicians like caretaker Prime Minister Yair Lapid have fulminated against any US renewal of the 2015 Iran nuclear deal or Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). As with the loony Right wing in the US (increasingly the only Right wing there is), they typically allege that the JCPOA will allow Iran to develop a nuclear weapon. Since the treaty makes it virtually impossible for Iran to develop a nuclear device, this charge literally makes no sense. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Biden_Urged_to_Reseal_Nuclear_Deal_to_Avert ‘Disastrous_US-Iran_War’⠀⇛ “The American people have made it clear that they prefer diplomacy with Iran—a strategy that is not only popular but one we know works.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_What’s_the_Hope_for_Peace_in Ukraine_6_Months_After_Russian_Invasion?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Calls_for_Peace_Mark_Six_Months_of ‘Senseless’_War_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ “Decisive victory for either side looks remote. The only possible solution is a process of negotiation.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Dangerous_‘Cycle_of_Escalation’_Intensifies After_Unauthorized_US_Bombings_in_Syria⠀⇛ The U.S. described the strikes, carried out by Central Command (CENTCOM) forces in eastern and northeastern Syria, as retaliation for August 15 rocket attacks on a base housing American military personnel. CENTCOM blamed “Iran-backed groups” for the attacks. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Nearly_700_Civilians_Killed_or_Wounded_by Cluster_Munitions_So_Far_in_Ukraine_War⠀⇛ “We know two things for sure about cluster munitions: They are indiscriminate weapons, and 98% of causalities are civilians.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Five_Years_of_Genocide—And Counting⠀⇛ Five years ago this month, white supremacists murdered Heather Heyer in Charlottesville, Virginia, spurring Joe Biden to run for president and later sign a bill named after Heather to fight hate crimes. Five years ago this month, Hurricane Harvey devastated ​​Texas and Louisiana, and Congress responded with a $15 billion relief bill. And five years ago this month, the Burmese military launched a genocidal attack on Rohingya Muslims. But mass atrocities continue in my native land and the U.S. has done little to stop it. It’s time for the U.S. to take bold action to end impunity and create peace, security, and stability in Burma. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ “Getting_Away_with_Murder”:_Gov’t_Mule_as_a Countercultural_Model_of_Excellence⠀⇛ During one of my interviews with Abts and Haynes, I asked how they deal with the thorny but inevitable question of genre. While they acknowledged that they are a “jam band,” they also insisted that they are a “rock and roll band.” Abts was particularly insistent that there is improvisation with Mule, but not “noodling.” “We have actual songs,” he said. Haynes said that while all the labels they’ve seen have some applicability – “hard rock,” “jam rock,” “blues rock,” “Southern rock” – none of them quite fit. Rather than tailor one of the already existing suits, Mule has crafted something of its own. It is best to merely call their music, “Mule’s music,” and leave it at that. Almost their own genre, Haynes said that they try to take a cue from Miles Davis, who he described as inventing new forms, confusing and frustrating critics. “By the time everyone caught up to what Miles was doing,” Haynes said, “and started praising it, he was moving onto something else.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Groups_Cautiously_Welcome_Pentagon’s_New Civilian_Casualty_Action_Plan⠀⇛ “The impact will depend entirely on results.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Grave_Warnings_as_Fires_Briefly_Disconnect Ukraine_Nuclear_Plant_From_Power_Grid⠀⇛ “The perilous nature of what unfolded today should not be underestimated.” o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Teen Vogue ☛ Bail_Reform_In_New_York_Is_Under_Threat_Thanks to_Misinformation_and_Fearmongering⠀⇛ This spring, bail reform was weakened even further, while progress in other states is threatening to unravel under the pressure of rampant misinformation campaigns at a tremendous human cost. So why, despite the reality that caging and torturing people only compounds harm, does our society continue to look to these institutions to bring us “safety”? Why, despite the extraordinary success of these policy changes, do people still perceive modest reforms as “disasters”? The answer lies in the concept of manufactured consent. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ National_Archives_Has_Asked_for_Documents_Trump Improperly_Took_Since_Early_2021⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Climate_Crisis_Is_Killing_Off_Key_Insects_and Spreading_Insect-Borne_Diseases⠀⇛ o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ It_Costs_Nothing_to_Leave_Our_Trees_as They_Are⠀⇛ The future of America’s national forests is being shaped now. The Biden administration is developing a system to inventory old-growth and mature forests on federal land that the president wants to be completed by next April. But given the immediate threats facing many of these forests and their importance to slowing climate change, bold action is required immediately to preserve not just old- growth and mature trees but entire national forest ecosystems comprising thousands of interdependent species. # ⚓ BBC ☛ Climate_change:_Russia_burning_huge_amounts_of_gas, puzzling_experts⠀⇛ They say the plant near the border with Finland, is burning an estimated $10m (£8.4m) worth of gas every day. Scientists are concerned about the large volumes of carbon dioxide and soot it is creating, which could exacerbate the melting of Arctic ice. The analysis by Rystad Energy indicates that around 4.34 million cubic metres of gas are being burned by the flare every day. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ What_the_Colorado_River_Water_Shortage_Means for_the_U.S.⠀⇛ The western United States is, famously, in the grips of its worst megadrought in a millennium. The Colorado River, which supplies water to more than 40 million Americans and supports food production for the rest of the country, is in imminent peril. The levels in the nation’s largest freshwater reservoir, Lake Mead, behind the Hoover Dam and a fulcrum of the Colorado River basin, have dropped to around 25% of capacity. The Bureau of Reclamation, which governs lakes Mead and Powell and water distribution for the southern end of the river, has issued an ultimatum: The seven states that draw from the Colorado must find ways to cut their consumption — by as much as 40% — or the federal government will do it for them. Last week those states failed to agree on new conservation measures by deadline. Meanwhile, next door, California, which draws from the Colorado, faces its own additional crises, with snowpack and water levels in both its reservoirs and aquifers all experiencing a steady, historic and climate-driven decline. It’s a national emergency, but not a surprise, as scientists and leaders have been warning for a generation that warming plus overuse of water in a fast-growing West would lead those states to run out. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Taming_the_Climate_Impacts_of_Cattle_and Sheep⠀⇛ In a natural state, sagebrush steppe is considered superior to coniferous forests for carbon sequestration. While western forests burn every 125 to 700 years (depending on the tree species), releasing the vast majority of their carbon, the carbon in sagebrush grasslands is sequestered underground, in the dense, deep root networks of shrubs and native bunchgrasses. Even when there is a fire, the majority of the carbon stays safely in the soil. One federal scientist has even argued that carbon banking is “the highest and best use” of sagebrush steppe habitats. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Climate_Change:_Endless_Words,_Where’s_the Action?⠀⇛ The most recent reports from the IPCC (made up of the world’s leading climate/environmental scientists) are, like many before them, exasperated, infuriated calls for action – radical urgent action. And yet despite the warnings and pleas, made by scientists, activists, concerned citizens, over decades, little of substance is happening and still ‘the environment’ is not the top priority for governments. Yes, awareness is growing and some changes are underway: Dozens of countries have committed to achieving Net-Zero (not actual zero) greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by 2050, or 2060 as with China. But there is a gaping chasm between political rhetoric and policies/ action to meet their commitments – the ‘Implementation Gap’ is huge. As Antonio Guterres put it, “Government and business leaders are saying one thing, but doing another.  Simply put, they are lying.” The US has just passed a major climate change bill – inadequate by most assessments, but better than nothing, so too has Australia’s new government, which seems keen to throw off the country’s reputation as an environmental liability, – also totally inadequate, but like the US step, better than nothing. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Earth_Day,_8_Walk_Away_with_a_Win⠀⇛ We had done our nonviolent direct action preparations and it was a good thing because quickly confronting us were some mighty irritated truckers, private security officers, and management types from Biltmore Farms and Pratt & Whitney. Mostly, we just stood silently with our banner and signs through it all. Oddly, the Buncombe County police officers were fairly chill, chatting us up and asking if we really wanted to get arrested (not especially) or if we intended to resist arrest (not at all). # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Heatwaves_Rated_‘Extremely_Dangerous’_Could Triple_This_Century,_Warns_New_Climate_Study⠀⇛ “The kinds of deadly heatwaves that have been rarities in the midlatitudes will become annual occurrences.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Experts_Fear_Wildfire-Fueled_Ozone_Damage Will_Become_New_Norm⠀⇛ Researchers at University of Exeter in England found that aerosols from the smoke created by the fires caused the highest temperatures in the Earth’s stratosphere in decades and likely created a hole in the ozone layer over most of Antarctica. # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ New Atlas ☛ Battery_made_of_aluminum,_sulfur_and_salt proves_fast,_safe_and_low-cost⠀⇛ In tests, the team demonstrated that the new battery cells can withstand hundreds of charge cycles, and charge very quickly – in some experiments, less than a minute. The cells would cost just one sixth of the price of a similar-sized lithium-ion cell. They can not only operate at high temperatures of up to 200 °C (392 °F) but they actually work better when hotter – at 110 °C (230 °F), the batteries charged 25 times faster than they did at 25 °C (77 °F). Importantly, the researchers say the battery doesn’t need any external energy to reach this elevated temperature – its usual cycle of charging and discharging is enough to keep it that warm. # ⚓ uni MIT ☛ A_new_concept_for_low-cost_batteries⠀⇛ The new battery architecture, which uses aluminum and sulfur as its two electrode materials, with a molten salt electrolyte in between, is described today in the journal Nature, in a paper by MIT Professor Donald Sadoway, along with 15 others at MIT and in China, Canada, Kentucky, and Tennessee. # ⚓ RIPE ☛ Competition:_Environmental_Impact_of_Open- source_(23_September_2022)⠀⇛ Take a look at Drupal, the open-source content management system. Based on Statista, there are 937,000 websites using this CMS. In 2018, the average server power consumption was 250 watts. Assuming that each Drupal website on average occupies 10% of such a server, the total energy consumption of all the Drupal side would be approximately 205.2 Million kilowatt hours (kWh) per year. If we can reduce the energy consumption of Drupal by making improvements to the core application by 1%, we could save 2 Million kWh per year, or as much as 187 single-person households consume per year (a US residential utility customer consumes on average 10,715 kilowatt hours per year). # ⚓ NPR ☛ California_will_ban_sales_of_new_gasoline- powered_cars_by_2035⠀⇛ The regulation will phase out the sale of new gasoline-powered cars, trucks and SUVs in the nation’s most-populous state, culminating in a total ban of new sales of the vehicles by 2035. The ban will not prevent people from using gas-powered vehicles or apply to the used car market, but California officials say it will dramatically cut the state’s climate- warming emissions and famously dirty air by speeding the transition to electric vehicles. # ⚓ Eesti Rahvusringhääling ☛ Estonia_sets_2030_target for_renewable-only_electricity⠀⇛ The government supported the draft proposal submitted by the Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure today to accelerate the transition to renewable electricity, with the goal of producing all electricity consumed in Estonia from renewable energy sources by 2030. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Pro_Golfers_are_Selling_Out_to_a Murderous_Regime⠀⇛ This spring, a small group of professional golfers — led by former superstars Greg Norman and Phil Mickelson — decided to turn the game that has made them fabulously rich into an unsporting game of SleazeBall. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Why_Lithium_Power_Politics_Are_Playing Out_Very_Differently_in_Chile_and_Bolivia⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Green_Energy’s_Threat_to_the_Desert West⠀⇛ Across the border in Nevada, desert is under threat of being developed in the name of fighting climate change. In the rich and biodiverse Dixie Valley, located in the middle of sacred Shoshone and Paiute lands, a massive geothermal project called the Dixie Meadows Geothermal Development Project faced a fierce legal challenge this past year. Geothermal, like hydroelectric dams, is often cited as a renewable energy source, since the technology harnesses heat from the earth to produce electricity, which in theory (as long as it doesn’t stop raining, surprise!), is endless. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ El_Gran_Movimiento_Is_a_Masterful Portrait_of_Capitalism_at_Work⠀⇛ After walking seven days from the Bolivian mining town of Huanuni, Elder Mamani arrives in La Paz with a group of fellow unemployed miners demanding jobs. While wandering through the city, Elder struggles to breathe. He wheezes, coughs, and nearly faints—his lungs, we learn, are degraded from dust in the tin mine. Eventually, Elder comes upon Mamá Pancha, his self-proclaimed godmother and a fixture of the Rodriguez market in El Alto. She helps him find work hauling vegetables; at night, he sleeps in the street, his body broken. El Gran Movimiento, Kiro Russo’s second feature film, follows the deterioration of Elder’s health and the efforts of Mamá Pancha and her friend Max, a local prophetic figure and jester, to heal him. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Big_Oil_Wants_to_Refreeze_Alaska Permafrost_—_So_It_Can_Keep_Drilling_There⠀⇛ # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Reflections_of_a_Do-Gooder⠀⇛ I was an outlier in that respect, as were many others from the generation of baby boomers that is now reaching its eclipse. Guilt was a motivator of many, coming from middle-class backgrounds with enough comfort to drive us into action. Direct action was also a powerful force for many of us. Dr. Willard Gaylin wrote a significant article “Feelings: Our Vital Signs”, in which he posits the theory that some feelings work to keep us honest and are sometimes a check on behavior, something some of us in the baby boom generation had jettisoned with little thought as personal and collective liberation was so important to us. Dr. Gaylin researched war resistance during the Vietnam War and he had written about it. Dr. Gaylin’s In Service to Their Country: War Resisters in Prison  (1970) was a treatment of one of the most significant but under-reported issues from the Vietnam Era. Dr. Gaylin also wrote (with others) about the limits of official actions in Doing Good: The Limits of Benevolence  (1978) as a critique of official actions through social policy toward the elderly, children, and physically and emotionally challenged people. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ UN_Ocean_Treaty_Talks_on_Verge_of Collapse_Due_to_Rich_Nations’_Greed,_Greenpeace_Warns⠀⇛ “Failure at these talks will jeopardize the livelihoods and food security of billions.” o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Community_Schools_Can_Revitalize_the Neighborhoods_Around_Them⠀⇛ When Kamine and her organization began working with Oyler in 2009, 85 percent of the students weren’t making it through 10th grade, she said. Today, the school has a 92.7 percent graduation rate, and 70 percent of graduates go to college, despite the district’s continued high poverty rate. # ⚓ George ☛ In_Defense_Of_Making_Money⠀⇛ The rich man that’s unable to find happiness because he doesn’t realize the goal of life is altruism/nirvana/love/enjoying-the-moment/god is beyond cliche. [...] This in turn tempts many people, especially young people, to swear off the making of money as a valuable goal. In itself, this can be fine if you smell your goals well enough from an early age. If you are certain that what you want is to hobo-backpack across the globe thrice, or have a quiet cliffside Mediterranean restaurant, or seek enlightenment … then yeah, you probably shouldn’t aim to make money. But there’s also a typology of a person that is young, doesn’t have a clear set of “meanings” for their life in mind, yet chooses not to focus on money because it seems to be inherently meaningless. I’d single out this: a type of person that feels like there are meaningful things to do, but they are unachievable. Things like settling on Mars or the Arctic, stopping violence, eliminating poverty, curing disease and death, eliminating “evil”, “solving” human biology, or physics, or finding a perfect system of metaphysics. This results in a lot of intellectual meandering in the best-case scenario and in depressive behavior in the worst-case scenario: It leads anywhere from doing a bachelor’s in philosophy and a Ph.D. in a quantitative field, to being lethargic, and staying in bed watching Youtube(TikTok?) all day. If you count yourself among such people, I want to try and persuade you that money might actually be a generator of meaning if pursued and thought about properly. [...] Nor is there a clear number for the “amount of money you need in order to achieve a paradigm shift”. For some people, having 200k worth of savings might be enough to shift their paradigm to “now I can live frugally off savings and dedicate my life to joining a deworming project in Africa”. Others might need 50m to shift their paradigm to “now I can lead the world into colonizing space and solving last-mile clean energy delivery issues”. Wealth can result in a paradigm shift, both for people and companies. But if you read about people or companies that made an impact assisted by their assets, one thing of note is that the paradigm shift usually didn’t come until they realized they had the assets to pursue new “unimaginable” goals. Finally, there’s the oft-repeated but true line: wealth is inflow minus outflow. Many people that we think of as rich are dirt poor once you account for taxes and monthly expenses. Money is useful when it opens up degrees of freedom in the socio-economic environment, it’s useless when spent on status goods and other zero-sum games (e.g. housing in large cities). # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ You_Can’t_Fix_the_Economy_by_Hurting People⠀⇛ Former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers is a longtime advocate of this cruel approach. Earlier this summer, Summers cheered the idea of throwing millions out of work when he suggested that the Fed should “raise interest rates enough that the economy will slip into recession.” More recently, he doubled down: “My worst fear would be that the Fed will continue to be suggesting that it can have it all in terms of low inflation, low unemployment, and a healthy economy.” # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ “Freedom_Dreams”:_How_Student_Debt_Crushes Black_Women_&_Why_Debt_Relief_Would_Benefit_Everyone⠀⇛ “Freedom Dreams: Black Women and the Student Debt Crisis,” a new short documentary from The Intercept, profiles Black women educators and activists struggling under the weight of tens of thousands, or even hundreds of thousands, of dollars in student loan debt. It is directed by Astra Taylor and Erick Stoll, narrated by former Ohio state Senator Nina Turner, and was supported by the Economic Hardship Reporting Project. “A system where Black women do not have to be subject to crushing debt is a system that would benefit everyone,” says Shamell Bell, one of the women featured in the film. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Cancel_It_All:_An_Interview_With_Astra_Taylor_on the_Call_for_Full_Debt_Relief⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Student_Debt_Activists_Say_Much_More_Is_Needed_— Including_Free_College⠀⇛ # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Cancel_It_All:_Debt_Collective’s_Astra Taylor_on_Biden_Plan_&_Need_for_Full_Student_Debt_Relief⠀⇛ In a much-anticipated move, President Biden has signed an executive order Wednesday for student debt relief that could help more than 40 million borrowers by canceling up to $20,000 of their federal loans. Many advocates for canceling student debt say Biden’s plan doesn’t go far enough, while Republicans decry the plan as “student debt socialism.” We speak to Astra Taylor, writer, filmmaker and co-director of the Debt Collective, a union for debtors and one of the original advocates for a debt jubilee that would cancel all student debt. Despite the mixed reaction, “this is incredibly significant when you think about where we began as a movement not that long ago,” says Taylor, who also notes that debt strikes and the fight for full cancellation will continue. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Biden’s_Student_Loan_Forgiveness_Is_a_Drop_in the_Bucket⠀⇛ India Walton and Sam Rosenthal examine Joe Biden’s student debt forgiveness plan and find it wanting. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Biden’s_Bifurcated_Student_Debt_Cancelation Plan⠀⇛ One of the most unpleasant arrangements in the current structure of student debt in the US is the government charges interest rates for it that are much higher than corresponding rates charged by banks holding their share of the total debt.  Government rates range from 4.99% to 7.4% while bank rates are around 3.2% (fixed) to 1.3% (variable).  The differential in rates is clearly designed to push students to ‘consolidate’ their annual education loans with the US Dept. of Education to private banks. Thus, the private banking sector is given a significant cut of the student debt pie. Loans for both go up annually and are will rise in 2022-23 and after as general interest rates rise by Federal Reserve actions. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Biden’s_Student_Debt_Plan_Is_an Important_Step_Towards_Narrowing_the_Racial_Wealth_Divide⠀⇛ President Biden’s student debt plan will provide relief to some 43 million borrowers of all races—and it is a particularly important step towards narrowing the racial wealth divide. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Why_$10,000_in_Student_Debt Relief_Is_Not_Enough⠀⇛ As a presidential candidate, Joe Biden was hardly bullish on student debt cancellation. He was cajoled by progressives and his presidential primary opponents into adopting a more forceful student debt cancellation stance, one which ultimately helped win him the support of young voters. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Only_Fools_Count_on_Capital_to_Stop_Late Fascism⠀⇛ +1. This Happened and is Happening Here o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Who_Is_Barre_Seid?_Secretive_Tycoon_Gives Record_$1.6_Billion_to_Fund_GOP_Takeover_of_the_Courts⠀⇛ We speak with one of the reporters who this week exposed the secretive Chicago industrial mogul who has quietly given $1.6 billion to the architect of the right-wing takeover of the courts — the largest known political advocacy donation in U.S. history. The donor is Barre Seid, who donated all of his shares in his electronics company, Tripp Lite, to the nonprofit group run by Leonard Leo, who helped select former President Trump’s conservative Supreme Court nominees. “This transaction was all structured in a way that really gamed the rules around donations to nonprofits,” says Andrew Perez, a reporter for The Lever, who co-authored an exposé about Seid headlined “Inside The Right’s Historic Billion-Dollar Dark Money Transfer.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Australia,_China_and_Fashioned_Ignorance⠀⇛ Such views only see China as a muddled confection, a perception of willing blindness and special investment.  Be it of fear, condescension or optimism, Australian governments have shifted violently over the years in their approach.  The Australia of Gough Whitlam, in recognising the People’s Republic of China in December 1972, invested the country with, as James Curran puts it, “a sense of euphoria and liberation: that Australia could chart a new foreign policy that did not necessarily look instinctively to its great and powerful friends.” # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Former_Yekaterinburg_Mayor_and_war_critic_Evgeny Roizman_put_under_‘ban_on_certain_activities’_—_Meduza⠀⇛ A Yekaterinburg court placed former mayor and outspoken opposition politician Evgeny Roizman under a “ban on certain activities” at his arraignment hearing on Thursday, according to local media. The politician was arrested earlier this week on felony charges of discrediting the Russian army. # ⚓ The Hill ☛ House_Democrats_demand_Twitter_respond_to whistleblower_allegations⠀⇛ House Homeland Security Committee Chair Bennie Thompson (D-Miss.) and Rep. Yvette Clarke (D-N.Y.), chair of a cybersecurity subcommittee, are demanding that Twitter respond to allegations from a whistleblower about major security deficiencies that the Democrats said could pose national security threats. The Democrats sent a letter to Twitter CEO Parag Agrawal on Thursday asking for details about security flaws identified in whistleblower Peiter Zatko’s complaint, and about action Twitter took in response to warnings raised by Zatko during his time at Twitter or after his departure. # ⚓ Joinup ☛ The_future_of_law-making_in_the_European_Union_– open_source,_of_course!⠀⇛ Ms Deprez gave the keynote speech at the Legislation Editing Open Software (LEOS) webinar on 21 June. In her introduction, she anticipated that multilingualism and artificial intelligence will form part of the future of law-making tools in the European Union. This insight is in line with the Commission’s open source strategy and is a great encouragement for us at the Open Source Programme Office (EC OSPO). Ms Deprez recognised the significance of the open source approach in LEOS, and highlighted its potential in the digital transformation of law- making for the Commission and beyond. By establishing a working culture based on open source – the core aim of the strategy – other organisations can be partners in the design, development and roll-out of LEOS. This allows LEOS’ development to go faster and creates a much richer solution in collaboration with Member States. # ⚓ The Washington Times ☛ Conservatives_reject_Facebook’s excuse_for_latest_censorship_of_GOP:_‘No_one’s_buying_it’⠀⇛ They also introduced a bill that would require Big Tech to disclose “any U.S. or foreign government requests or recommendations regarding content moderation.” That legislation was introduced in the Senate last year after press secretary Jen Psaki told reporters that the White House was “flagging problematic posts” for social media companies. # ⚓ Business Standard ☛ Zuckerberg_admits_censoring_‘Hunter Biden_Laptop’_story_for_a_week⠀⇛ Mark Zuckerberg has admitted that Facebook algorithmically censored the ‘Hunter Biden laptop’ story for a week. Zuckerberg admitted it on ‘The Joe Rogan Experience’ podcast. Mark said that he did so because of a general request from the FBI to restrict election misinformation. During the podcast, Joe asked Zuckerberg how Facebook handles controversial issues…like the Hunter Biden story and whether it was censored. # ⚓ Newsweek ☛ Mark_Zuckerberg’s_Explanation_of_Hunter_Biden Censorship_Enrages_MAGA_World⠀⇛ During an appearance on Joe Rogan’s podcast Thursday, Zuckerberg provided new details on Facebook’s handling of a controversial report alleging that the laptop contained evidence that then-presidential candidate Joe Biden’s son was engaged in influence peddling. Zuckerberg’s disclosure renewed anger by conservatives who’ve accused law enforcement, mainstream press and social media of trying to quash information damaging to President Biden. “This isn’t just insane, it’s election interference,” Republican Representative Andrew Clyde of Georgia tweeted. He added that Zuckerberg should be required to testify under oath before the House Oversight Committee. # ⚓ International_media_supporting_Imran_Khan_after_Rushdie attack_condemnation:_JUI-F_chief⠀⇛ Islamabad [Pakistan], August 26 (ANI): Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F) chief Maulana Fazl-ur- Rehman has claimed that the international media is supporting Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) chief Imran Khan, after the former premier condemned the attack on author Salman Rushdie. In a statement on Wednesday cited by The Nation, the JUI-F leader asked the United Nations on what ground was the UN expressing sympathy with Imran Khan. # ⚓ NDTV ☛ Anger_Understandable,_Attack_Unjustifiable:_Imran Khan_On_Salman_Rushdie⠀⇛ Attack On Salman Rushdie: Salman Rushdie, 75, was stabbed by a 24-year-old New Jersey resident identified as Hadi Matar, a US national of Lebanese origin, on stage last week. # ⚓ WikiMedia ☛ Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022⠀⇛ The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation’s operations. Community trustees and appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees. Two candidates will join the Board of Trustees. The selected candidates will first be shortlisted by the affiliates and finally selected by the community. # ⚓ AIM ☛ Why_was_VLC_Banned?⠀⇛ For the past few days, the VLC media player ban has been the talk of the town. Some suggest it may be because Chinese hackers use it as a medium to hack into computers in India. However, some claim that the government has nothing to do with the ban. The truth is neither the government nor the people at Videolan are aware of what’s happened to VLC. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Facebook,_Twitter_and_Others_Remove_Pro- U.S._Influence_Campaign⠀⇛ Meta, which owns Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, said the “country of origin” of the accounts was the United States, while Twitter said the “presumptive countries of origin” for the accounts were the United States and Britain, according to the report. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Twitter’s_Former_Security_Chief_Accuses_It of_‘Misleading’_Public_on_Security_Practices⠀⇛ Peiter Zatko, Twitter’s head of security who was terminated by the company in January, said in a whistle-blower complaint that the firm had deceived the public by misrepresenting how it fights spam and hackers. That violated a 2011 agreement that Twitter had struck with the Federal Trade Commission, which had barred the company from misleading users about its security and privacy measures, he contended. In his complaint, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 6, Mr. Zatko accused Parag Agrawal, Twitter’s chief executive, and other executives and directors of “extensive legal violations” and acting with “negligence and even complicity” against hackers. Mr. Zatko also sent the complaint and supporting documents to the Justice Department and the F.T.C. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ How_One_Spook-Run_London_College_Department_is Training_the_World’s_Social_Media_Managers⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Democratic_Party_is_a_Fifth_Column_for Right-wing_Lunacy⠀⇛ The stakes have been raised, and the handsomely compensated consultants who craft campaigns have moved beyond mere false advertising into CIA-style PsyOp schemes, manipulating Republican voters into supporting the most extreme choices in GOP primaries, then turning around and denouncing the extremist recipients of their largesse as, well, too extreme. In the process, the Democratic leadership and their hired guns have helped shift the nation’s political center of gravity – already in dangerously weird territory – even further to the Right. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Creator_Of_Botometer_Goes_On_Media_Tour_To Explain_Why_Elon_Musk’s_Claims_About_Bots_(Using_Botometer) Are_Meaningless⠀⇛ As you may recall, in his response to Twitter’s lawsuit trying to force him to fulfill the terms of the purchase agreement he made, Elon Musk relied on the findings of a tool called Botometer to argue that there were more bots on Twitter than Twitter was claiming. Again, I have to remind everyone, as much as Musk keeps insisting this case is about bots and spam, the actual case has nothing at all to do with bots or spam, and if you think it does, you’ve been lied to. # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Manufacturing_‘Crisis’:_How_Polling_on_the_Border Exaggerates_Extreme_Opinions⠀⇛ Last week, two media polls announced results that seemed almost willful efforts to portray the public as extremists. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Lachlan_Murdoch_Is_Big_Mad_That_Crikey_Called Him_Out_On_His_Bullshit;_So_Now_He’s_Suing_To_Shut_Them_Up⠀⇛ Earlier this week, the popular Australian news publication Crikey, published what it is referring to as “The Lachlan Murdoch letters.” Lachlan Murdoch, as you likely know, is one of Rupert Murdoch’s sons, and who has increasingly been taking over the worst aspects of Murdoch’s approach to dividing society and profiting off of the carnage: namely Fox News. # ⚓ FAIR ☛ ‘The_US_Must_Break_Free_of_the_Banana_Republic Mentality’⠀⇛ Janine Jackson interviewed Project South’s Azadeh Shahshahani about the Biden administration’s Central American plan for the August 19, 2022, episode of CounterSpin. This is a lightly edited transcript. # § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ FAIR ☛ RIP_Reliable_Sources—and_Corporate_Media’s Willingness_to_Examine_Itself⠀⇛ Reliable Sources, on air for over 30 years, wasn’t axed because of lackluster ratings. While CNN‘s audience has shrunk since Trump left office, Reliable Sources was far from the network’s weakest link; CNN‘s highest- rated Sunday show, it recently outperformed even CNN‘s weekday primetime programming (Mediaite, 7/2/22). Instead, many observers pointed to both Malone and Licht’s “centrist”-leaning desires, and Stelter’s willingness to criticize both men, as probable factors in his firing. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Defining_“Disinformation”:_Toward_an Anti-Authoritarian_Left⠀⇛ We know, for example, that the U.S. government has consistently lied about its war-making and imperialism, lying both to get us into wars and about the wars it’s fighting. Indeed, there seems to be nothing the U.S. military and intelligence communities won’t lie about; they’ve lied about targeting U.S. citizens for extrajudicial murder, they’ve lied about their use of torture, they’ve lied about violently meddling in other countries’ sovereign affairs, and they’ve lied about illegally, unconstitutionally spying on us and our representatives. Like Winston Smith, they’ve changed facts and figures and destroyed or buried the truth over and over on matters of the utmost importance to democracy and a free society—these concepts they honor only as means to cynically manipulate us and, paraphrasing Tolstoy, debauch us in their patriotism. All of the flag-waving and pledging of allegiance is a way to switch off your critical faculties and sense of questioning and curiosity. As in Oceania, if they’re protecting us from dangerous foreign powers, if we’re permanently besieged, how can we question them? # ⚓ UNHEARD_VOICE:_Evaluating_five_years_of_pro-Western covert_influence_operations [PDF]⠀⇛ In July and August 2022, Twitter and Meta removed two overlapping sets of accounts for violating their platforms’ terms of service. Twitter said the accounts fell foul of its policies on “platform manipulation and spam,” while Meta said the assets on its platforms engaged in “coordinated inauthentic behavior.” After taking down the assets, both platforms provided portions of the activity to Graphika and the Stanford Internet Observatory (SIO) for further analysis. Our joint investigation found an interconnected web of accounts on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and five other social media platforms that used deceptive tactics to promote pro-Western narratives in the Middle East and Central Asia. The platforms’ datasets appear to cover a series of covert campaigns over a period of almost five years rather than one homogeneous operation. These campaigns consistently advanced narratives promoting the interests of the United States and its allies while opposing countries including Russia, China, and Iran. The accounts heavily criticized Russia in particular for the deaths of innocent civilians and other atrocities its soldiers committed in pursuit of the Kremlin’s “imperial ambitions” following its invasion of Ukraine in February this year. To promote this and other narratives, the accounts sometimes shared news articles from U.S. government-funded media outlets, such as Voice of America and Radio Free Europe, and links to websites sponsored by the U.S. military. A portion of the activity also promoted anti-extremism messaging. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ The_US_government_got_caught_using_sock puppets_to_spread_propaganda_on_social_media⠀⇛ According to the report, Twitter and Meta removed a group of accounts from their platforms earlier this month, citing their platform manipulation and coordinated inauthentic behavior rules. Analyzing the accounts’ activity, researchers found that the accounts have been carrying out campaigns to criticize or support foreign governments (sometimes the same governments, in what feels like an attempt to sow division) and offer takes on culture and politics for years. The report says this was sometimes done by sharing links to news sites backed by the US government and military. # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ DEF_CON_Voting_Village_takes_on election_conspiracies,_disinformation⠀⇛ The DEF CON Voting Village made headlines for giving hackers access to voting machines and putting election vulnerabilities on full display when it first launched in 2017. But in the era of the “Big Lie,” the unfounded theory of election rigging in 2020, the village has another — and possibly more challenging — mission. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Google_Finds_‘Inoculating’_People Against_Misinformation_Helps_Blunt_Its_Power⠀⇛ The researchers found that psychologically “inoculating” internet users against lies and conspiracy theories — by pre-emptively showing them videos about the tactics behind misinformation — made people more skeptical of falsehoods afterward, according to an academic paper published in the journal Science Advances on Wednesday. But effective educational tools still may not be enough to reach people with hardened political beliefs, the researchers found. Since Russia spread disinformation on Facebook during the 2016 election, major technology companies have struggled to balance concerns about censorship with fighting online lies and conspiracy theories. Despite an array of attempts by the companies to address the problem, it is still largely up to users to differentiate between fact and fiction. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Spiders_Are_Caught_in_a_Global_Web of_Misinformation⠀⇛ It turns out that these fears and misunderstandings of our eight-legged friends are reflected in the news. Recently, more than 60 researchers from around the world, including Dr. Scott, collected 5,348 news stories about spider bites, published online from 2010 through 2020 from 81 countries in 40 languages. They read through each story, noting whether any had factual errors or emotionally fraught language. The percentage of articles they rated sensationalistic: 43 percent. The percentage of articles that had factual errors: 47 percent. These findings, published on Monday in the journal Current Biology, revealed a vast and interconnected web of misinformation. Errors, which tended to cluster in sensationalized stories, would shoot around the world in days, from India to China to Poland to Argentina to the United States. This would often start on a regional level, where a story would be amplified by national and international news outlets. According to misinformation scientists, this is a defining characteristic of modern misinformation: the magnification of small errors that support a certain narrative. It is there in both spider news and political news. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Video ☛ Big_Problems_at_Youtube_–_Invidious⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Gray Zone ☛ Roger_Waters_added_to_Ukrainian_govt- sponsored_hit_list⠀⇛ # ⚓ Times Higher Education ☛ The_Rushdie_attack_underlines_the value_of_teaching_challenging_books⠀⇛ As for the dons who have nixed books from their reading lists or allowed students to opt out of “difficult” literature, they would do well to reflect on Rushdie’s conception of literature as a means to “explore the highest and lowest places in human society and in the human spirit”. Ought students be spared any graphic account he might subsequently write of the low place in the human spirit to which his refusal to be silenced has reduced him? Surely not. Depriving our students of access to the full range of human experience in the name of protecting them only, ultimately, does them harm. # ⚓ New Statesman ☛ France_and_the_fatwa:_The_attack_on_Salman Rushdie_has_exposed_the_deepening_fault_lines_in_French culture.⠀⇛ Rushdie is not only seen as a symbol of freedom, however, but also as the living avatar of la loi de la liberté de la presse (the law for freedom of the press), an act that dates back to 1881 and permits free speech in almost all circumstances. These days it is illegal in France to incite racial hatred, deny crimes against humanity such as genocide, or publish hate language on social media. Otherwise, all forms of speech and thought are effectively lawful, including blasphemy. # ⚓ Indian Express ☛ Two_weeks_after_Rushdie_stabbing,_India reacts:_Horrific,_wish_him_speedy_recovery⠀⇛ India was among the first countries to ban his novel, The Satanic Verses, after Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, issued a fatwa in 1989 calling for his death following its publication. # ⚓ NPR ☛ Exiled_writers_reflect_on_freedom_of_speech_in America_in_light_of_Rushdie_attack⠀⇛ While literary writers in the U.S. increasingly face online threats, they rarely metastasize into actual physical attacks, said Karin Deutsche Karlekar, who directs the Writers at Risk program at PEN America. Authors routinely make public appearances with little or no security. Such was the case with Rushdie. The India-born writer became the target of a Fatwa by Iran’s Ayatollah Khomeini in the late 1980s, over his depiction of the Prophet Muhammed in his book The Satanic Verses, and was forced into hiding. # ⚓ Salman_Rushdie_Was_Once_on_the_Left._What_Happened?⠀⇛ As openDemocracy co-founder Anthony Barnett recently argued, 1989 was a year of epochal change for the left, facing as it was a new world defined by globalising capitalism and the end of Soviet communism. The so-called Rushdie affair contributed to this recalibration: age-old commitments to civil liberties and secularism were restated, with calls for the repeal of blasphemy laws, the separation of church and state and an end to state aid for religious schools. New groups formed by Black and Asian writers, scholars and activists emerged to express solidarity with Rushdie; the voices of feminist women of colour, organised around Southall Black Sisters and Women Against Fundamentalism, were amplified, bringing greater attention to the unique oppressions of fundamentalist religion and uniting feminists across ethnic and religious lines. Alongside the left’s support for Rushdie’s freedom of speech and its refusal of extremist religion was an equally firm condemnation of racism and Islamophobia, in particular the weaponisation of the Rushdie affair for reactionary ends. While Women Against Fundamentalism fiercely opposed the oppression of women by reactionary fundamentalism, they equally challenged the racist opportunism of the National Front, who briefly sought to hijack pro-Rushdie counter-protests; Voices for Rushdie sought to challenge the tendency to treat the Muslim communities of Britain as monolithic, disloyal and prone to extremism. # ⚓ Deadline ☛ “I_Don’t_Like_Him”:_Salman_Rushdie’s_Alleged Attacker_Claims_He’s_Only_Read_Two_Pages_Of_Satanic_Verses⠀⇛ The Post reported Matar saying of Rushdie: “I don’t like the person. I don’t think he’s a very good person. I don’t like him very much. He’s someone who attacked Islam, he attacked their beliefs, the belief systems.” # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Writers_Gather_to_Read_Salman_Rushdie_and Support_Free_Speech⠀⇛ As he said in 1996, as part of a speech to the American Society of Newspaper Editors that was read aloud by Tina Brown on Friday: “I want to suggest to you that citizens of free societies, democracies, do not preserve their freedom by pussyfooting around their fellow-citizens’ opinions.” # ⚓ CBC ☛ Rally_for_author_Salman_Rushdie_draws_hundreds_of supporters_in_New_York⠀⇛ “He’s been a constant, indefatigable champion of words and of writers attacked for the purported crime of their work,” said the day’s first speaker, PEN CEO Suzanne Nossel. “Today, we will celebrate Salman for what he has endured, but even more importantly, because of what he has engendered — the stories, characters, metaphors and images he has given to the world.” # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Censored!⠀⇛ # ⚓ EFF ☛ How_YouTube’s_Partnership_with_London’s_Police_Force is_Censoring_UK_Drill_Music⠀⇛ Since November 2016, the Met made 579 referrals for the removal of “potentially harmful content” from social media platforms and 522 of these were removed, predominantly from YouTube. More specifically, in 2021 the Met referred 510 music videos to YouTube for removal and the platform removed 96.7%, and a report from the New York Times notes that YouTube removed 319 videos in 2020 following requests from the police force. At the same time, popular YouTube channels have advised artists to censor content that could be deemed offensive to avoid potential removal once the video goes live. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Why_Is_A_British_Baroness_Drafting_California Censorship_Laws?⠀⇛ Would you be surprised to find out that the censorial, moral panic bill based on hype and nonsense, but very likely to pass in California and potentially change how the internet functions… was actually written by a British noble with a savior complex? # ⚓ PIA ☛ How_to_Explain_Parental_Controls_to_Children⠀⇛ To make your job as a parent easier, we’ve combined expert-approved tips and created a four-step guide to introducing parental controls in your home. It encompasses everything you need to explain parental restrictions to children, secure their devices, and keep them safe online. They may not like it initially — but they’ll thank you later. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Sixth_Circuit:_Equal_Access_To_Court_Proceedings Only_Applies_To_Those_More_Equal_Than_Others⠀⇛ There’s presumptive access to court records under the First Amendment. But that presumption presumes a lot of other things, as this recent Sixth Circuit Appeals Court ruling demonstrates. Just because something is open doesn’t necessarily mean it’s accessible. But the Sixth Circuit has decided access (no matter how limited) is still access, and that’s all that matters. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ As_another_journalist_is_killed, attacks_on_media_continue_to_rise:_report⠀⇛ The report, titled Impunity and Denial in the face of Extreme Violence against the Press Persists, said that there were 331 verbal, online and physical attacks against journalists and the media in the first six months of 2022. Article 19 highlighted that the figure is 51.8% higher than in the first half of 2016, when former president Enrique Peña Nieto was in his fourth year in office, as President López Obrador is now. The report noted that the five most common kinds of aggression were intimidation and harassment, with 101 cases; threats, with 66 cases; illegitimate use of public power, with 45 cases; physical attacks, with 29 cases; and the blocking or alteration of content, with 28 cases. # ⚓ ABC ☛ 3_Finnish_journalists_on_trial_for_revealing_defense secrets⠀⇛ Reporters Tuomo Pietilaina and Laura Halmi, and the paper’s acting manager at the time, Kalle Silfverberg, have denied wrongdoing. # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Mexico_Arrests_Alleged_Mastermind_in Journalist’s_Killing⠀⇛ He is the “alleged intellectual author of Margarito’s murder” and head of a cell of the once- powerful Arellano Felix drug cartel, Mejia told reporters, without revealing the suspected motive. # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Political_Journalists_in_Pakistan_Face_Slew_of Attacks⠀⇛ When it comes to online trolls, Pakistan has ranked among the top five worst offenders monitored by the Coalition For Women in Journalism or CFWIJ. The global non-profit has analyzed digital threats in 132 countries for the past two years. # ⚓ Don’t Extradite Assange ☛ The_UN_High_Commissioner_for Human_Rights,_Michelle_Bachelet,_met_with_Assange’s_wife⠀⇛ Today, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, met with Julian Assange’s wife, Stella Assange, and Mr. Assange’s Spanish lawyers, Baltasar Garzón and Aitor Martínez, at the Palais Wilson in Geneva. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Government’s_‘Orwellian’_Unit_To_Be_Disbanded After_openDemocracy_Revelations⠀⇛ ‘Clearing House’ axed two years after we revealed controversial unit was vetting Freedom of Information requests. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ NPR ☛ The_term_‘quiet_quitting’_is_everywhere_now._We_want to_hear_your_thoughts⠀⇛ Closing your laptop at 5 p.m. Doing only your assigned tasks. Spending more time with family. These are just some of the common examples used to define this latest workplace trend. Some experts say it’s a misnomer and should really be defined as carving out time to take care of yourself. # ⚓ Bloomberg ☛ Chinese_State_Media_Defend_Covid_Zero,_Warn Against_‘Lying_Flat’⠀⇛ China’s state media defended the country’s increasingly costly zero tolerance approach to Covid-19, saying inactivity from “lying flat” would be disastrous, as outbreaks in its tourism hotspots abate. # ⚓ VOA News ☛ China’s_Youth_Unemployment_Nearly_20%⠀⇛ The market may be even more discouraging to recent graduates and other jobseekers than the official figures suggest, said Dorothy Solinger, a professor emerita at the University of California, Irvine, who studies unemployment in China. China’s “unemployment statistics are notoriously wrong,” Solinger told VOA Mandarin. “I’m surprised they’re announcing that it’s this high now, but it makes me think it may be even higher.” # ⚓ Market Watch ☛ ‘Stuck_in_an_ever-so-draining_rat_race’: Burnout,_apathy_on_the_rise_rise_as_China’s_youth_face_bleak job_market⠀⇛ China’s recently reported record-breaking 20% youth unemployment rate has obscured an equally worrying trend among its younger generation: Even those employed are increasingly burned out and “quitting while remaining in the office.” The headline-grabbing news last week that China’s unemployment rate for those aged 16-24 hit a never- before-seen high for the country, at 19.9% — meaning one in five youth cannot find work — was an unwelcome addition to the country’s array of economic difficulties. # ⚓ China’s_Youth_Unemployment_Nearly_20%⠀⇛ “They’re reaping what they’re sowing at the moment, and what they’ve sown for the last two years has not been great for the job market,” said Zak Dychtwald, CEO of the Young China Group, a consulting firm that does market research on youth in China. The market may be even more discouraging to recent graduates and other jobseekers than the official figures suggest, said Dorothy Solinger, a professor emerita at the University of California, Irvine, who studies unemployment in China. China’s “unemployment statistics are notoriously wrong,” Solinger told VOA Mandarin. “I’m surprised they’re announcing that it’s this high now, but it makes me think it may be even higher.” # ⚓ The Dissenter ☛ Staff_From_US_Prison_Behind_Instagram_Page That_Makes_Fun_Of_Sexual_Abuse,_Says_Whistleblower⠀⇛ # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Killing_Spree:_Starting_Today,_Oklahoma_to Execute_One_Man_Per_Month_for_Next_2_Years_Amid_Protests⠀⇛ Oklahoma plans to execute a person a month for the next two years, starting today. We get an update from Connie Johnson, former state senator and murder victim family member with the Oklahoma Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty, and speak with world-renowned anti-death-penalty activist Sister Helen Prejean. “Our death penalty is broken. It always was from the beginning,” Prejean tells Democracy Now! “I recognize that this is torture and an abuse of human rights. In time, with our help, as we continue to get the word out, the American people are going to see that, too. And we are going to end this thing.” Oklahoma has a history of botched executions, wrongful convictions and prosecution misconduct. “We get it wrong here often,” says Johnson. “We don’t want anyone executed.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Scourge_of_Fascist_Politics_and_the Rise_of_White_Nationalism_from_Orbán_to_DeSantis⠀⇛ Orbán has declared war on liberal democracy and in doing so appeals not only to anti-communists, right-wing Christians, nativists, and homophobes, he also provides a model of Christian nationalism for those conservatives in the United States such as Donald Trump, Tucker Carlson, and Ron DeSantis who want to hollow out liberal democracy from the inside.[5] Orbán has not only emerged as a global spokesperson for Nazi ideology, he has also imposed his authoritarian rule not through the force of overt oppression, but through the destruction of civil society. Orbán’s notion of “illiberal democracy” is a laboratory for an updated form of fascism that trades in corruption, corporate cronyism, repression, religious fundamentalism, the control of the media, hatred of refugees, a war on women, transgender people, and an attack on critical education and advocates of climate change. [6] The historian Heather Cox Richardson lucidly captures the anti-democratic elements at work in Orbán’s notion of “illegal democracy.” She writes: # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Blacks_Will_Fight_Back⠀⇛ Black veterans were a large part of what made the summer of 1919, in the words of this historian David F. Krugler, “the year that African Americans fought back.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ They_Hate_US_‘Cause_They_Ain’t_US!⠀⇛ While naturally condemning the terrorists’ heinous acts of mass murder, other more thoughtful voices of reason in that period of hysteria and bloodlust reflected on why young men would sacrifice their lives while slinging a few stones at the empire, taking thousands of innocents with them. It certainly wasn’t the aforementioned “freedoms” that motivated them to commit such acts of terror, nor was it the 72 virgins waiting for them in paradise, or the fact their countries aren’t US. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Enough_Is_Enough,’_Declares_Sanders_After NLRB_Says_Starbucks_Targeted_Union_Workers⠀⇛ That’s how Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) responded after the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) on Wednesday accused Starbucks of unlawfully withholding raises and benefits from thousands of workers at unionized and unionizing shops in an effort to repress a nationwide organizing campaign. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Monstrosity_in_the_Nevada_Desert:_Michael Heizer’s_“City”⠀⇛ The artist is as well turned-out in the portrait that accompanies the text. Dressed in rumpled jeans and a denim shirt, Heizer stands beneath an azure sky, soft clouds scudding overhead. With his head bent slightly forward of his hips, his eyes are shaded by a stiff, clean, wide-brimmed hat. The artist as visionary, a prophet who fifty years ago retreated to this vast, arid terrain and became one with it. Reads the photograph’s cutline: “This land is in my blood.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Big_Win’:_Google_Search_and_Maps_Will_Now Say_If_Clinics_Provide_Abortions⠀⇛ In a letter to congressional Democrats and a statement to media outlets, Alphabet-owned Google reiterated its efforts to combat misleading advertisements and search results along with confirming that the company will clearly label whether medical facilities provide abortions. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Judge_Orders_DOJ_to_Release_Redacted Affidavit_Used_to_Justify_Trump_Search⠀⇛ U.S. Magistrate Judge Bruce Reinhart instructed the Justice Department to publish the document by noon ET on Friday. The judge’s order came just hours after federal prosecutors gave him a sealed copy of the affidavit with proposed redactions. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Defund_the_Police_Algorithms⠀⇛ Last year, Zachary Norris was driving home from a hike in the Bay Area with his wife, his two children, and a friend when seven police cars converged behind him and ordered him to pull over. The officers approached him with guns drawn. He got out of his car and dropped to his knees. The police, he said, separated him from his family and pulled him into the back of one of their vehicles. Someone had swapped his car’s license plate with another—a common tactic used to evade law enforcement. An automatic license plate reader had identified Norris’s car as belonging to a suspect in an armed robbery. # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ Hungary_ordered_to_pay_damages_to unlawfully_detained_Afghan_refugee_family⠀⇛ # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ President_Novák:_The_preparations_for_the Pope’s_visit_to_Hungary_may_begin⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Fears_of_Another_Supreme_Court_Assault_on Abortion_Rights_Grow_After_Idaho_Ruling⠀⇛ Judge B. Lynn Winmill of Idaho’s Federal District Court ruled that the state’s near-total ban on abortion care violates the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act of 1986 (EMTALA), siding with the U.S. Department of Justice. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Judge_Blocks_Enforcement_of_Idaho_Law_Barring Abortions_in_Medical_Emergencies⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Inescapable_‘Abortion_Deserts’_Coming_as Idaho,_Tennessee,_and_Texas_Trigger_Bans_Set_to_Take_Effect⠀⇛ “Vast swaths of the nation, especially in the South and Midwest, will become abortion deserts that, for many, will be impossible to escape.” # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Val_Demings’s_Abortion_Rights_Advocacy_Just May_Sink_Marco_Rubio⠀⇛ Marco Rubio may be a bumbling excuse for a US senator, but when it comes to Florida politics, he’s no fool. A career politician and failed presidential contender, Rubio is campaigning this year for a third term as Florida’s senior senator. And he’s running scared. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Fifth_Circuit:_It’s_Very_Fucking_Definitely_A Rights_Violation_To_Arrest_A_Journalist_For_Asking Questions⠀⇛ Four years ago, the Laredo Police Department arrested a citizen journalist for the crime of receiving an answer to a question she asked. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Court_Upholds_Block_of_Arkansas’s_Ban_on_Gender- Affirming_Care_for_Trans_Youth⠀⇛ o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ James G ☛ Subscribe_to_IANA_Root_KSK_signing_and_Google algorithm_update_events⠀⇛ I have tuned in to two IANA Root KSK signing ceremonies this year. The last one was held last Wednesday. The Root KSK ceremony is where representatives come together to sign the new keys for the root DNS servers. These are the servers at the heart of the DNS protocol. The root servers let you find TLD-level servers. Cloudflare has a great blog post on what the root servers are and how the ceremony works. The ceremonies are often quite long but if I know one is on I will tune in. # ⚓ Zimbabwe ☛ Google’s_subsea_cable_meant_to_improve_internet speeds_and_lower_costs_reaches_South_Africa⠀⇛ The update is that the cable landed in Cape Town, South Africa on the 8th of August. The West Indian Ocean Cable Company (WIOCC) which has some kind of partnership with Google on the Equiano cable is quoted saying: [...] # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Electricity_commission_launches_mobile phone,_[Internet]_service⠀⇛ Via a subsidiary called CFE Telecomunicaciones e Internet para Todos (CFE Telecommunications and Internet for Everyone), the state-owned utility is offering a range of plans. The cheapest is a three- day, 30-peso (US$1.50) plan that comes with 4 gigabytes of mobile [Internet], 250 minutes of call time and 125 text messages. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ FCC,_State_Action_Nets_An_Amazing_80%_Reduction In_Auto_Warranty_Scam_Robocalls⠀⇛ We’ve frequently noted how stupid it is that we’ve ceded a major communications platform to robocalling scammers and scumbags. We’ve noted for just as long that many regulatory “solutions” to the robocall problem have been dumb and half- hearted. Every six months the FCC will announce some new plan they promise will demolish robocalls, and every single time the result is muted at best. # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Free_Wi-Fi_at_Telstra_payphones⠀⇛ Free connectivity is now available at around 3,000 of the 12,000 payphones in Telstra’s network. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ [Old] Keeping_Honest_People_Honest⠀⇛ The first problem with “keeping honest people honest” is that it’s an oxymoron. The very definition of an honest person is that they can be trusted even when nobody is checking up on them. Nothing needs to be done to keep honest people honest, just as nothing needs to be done to keep tall people tall. The second problem is more substantial. To the extent that “keeping honest people honest” involves any analytical thinking, it reflects a choice to build a weak but conspicuous security mechanism, so that people know when they are acting outside the system designer’s desires. (Mr. Attaway essentially made this argument at today’s hearing.) The strategy, in other words, is to put a “keep out” sign on a door, rather than locking it. This strategy indeed works, if people are honest. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ F.T.C._agrees_to_remove_Mark_Zuckerberg_as defendant_in_antitrust_suit.⠀⇛ The lawsuit — which is part of a new strategy by Lina Khan, the F.T.C. chair, to be more forward- looking in antitrust enforcement — is considered a long shot by many legal experts because it involves an acquisition in a nascent market with many start- ups. In the past, most antitrust court cases involved more mature markets and focused on how a merger can lead to higher prices for consumers. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Whatever_Happened_to_the_Public_Option_and the_$35_Insulin_Cap?⠀⇛ Still, a promise is a promise, so it doubtless shocked public option advocates to learn that for Biden this promise was more on the order of something he might dream of doing maybe as an afterthought if he gets reincarnated as the parliamentarian in a millennium or two. Because supporters naturally would have figured that something so popular had a chance; but it’s popular for precisely the reason Biden finds it radioactive and that powerful lobbyists killed it – a public option would save people money. It might even – horrors! – make health care affordable. The only question is, why did Biden mention it in the first place, when he knew darn well he would never deliver? # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Xbox_Chief:_Exclusives_Aren’t_the_Future,_Pay_No Attention_To_All_These_Exclusives⠀⇛ Xbox’s management team’s inability to put out a clear public message regarding exclusive titles is becoming a real thing. When the season of acquisitions kicked off last year and Microsoft bought up Zenimax/Bethesda studios, the muddled messaging began. First were conflicting statements over the exclusivity of those studios’ titles, then came Microsoft saying those titles would be “first/ better” on Xbox, before finally landing on at least one title from Bethesda going as an Xbox exclusive. The confused messaging continued after Microsoft announced it was looking to acquire Activision Blizzard, with some vague messaging about how that studio’s games would be handled. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ [Old] CoryDoctorow ☛ Why_none_of_my_books_are available_on_Audible⠀⇛ But this is also technological nonsense. The program that checks to see whether other programs are approved by the manufacturer is also running on an untrusted adversary’s computer (with DRM, you are the manufacturer’s untrusted adversary). Because that overseer program is running on a computer you own, you can replace it, alter it, or subvert it, allowing you to run programs that the manufacturer doesn’t like. That would include (for example) a modified DRM program that unscrambles the manufacturer-supplied video, audio or text file and then, rather than throwing away the unscrambled copy when you’re done with it, saves it so you can open it with a program that doesn’t restrict you from sharing it. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4031 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.26.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_26/08/2022:_Lutris_0.5.11_and_NetworkManager_1.40.0⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 12:40 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Server o Audiocasts/Shows o Benchmarks o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o Lutris o Desktop_Environments/WMs # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Debian_Family o Devices/Embedded * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Events o Web_Browsers # Mozilla o Programming/Development # Nim_and_BaCon * Leftovers o Hardware o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal o Technical # Internet/Gemini * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Charmed_Kubernetes_and_Huawei_Oceanstor_Pacific storage_integration_verification_report_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ Huawei OceanStor Pacific is an intelligent distributed storage series with scale-out capability designed to support the business needs of today and tomorrow. Its diverse and adaptable range of features provides efficient processing for diverse data, everlasting operations for services, and economical storage for mass data. The OceanStor Pacific series supports Storage Access Protocols like NFS, CIFS, POSIX, MPI-IO, HDFS, and Amazon S3. The Block storage allows for SCSI or iSCSI access modes and delivers HA solutions such as distributed active-active and cabinet-level redundancy. It is widely applicable to virtualization, cloud resource pools, and databases. OceanStor Pacific Storage provides a perfectly reliable, economical, scale persistent storage for PaaS or CaaS (Platform/Container as a Service). The industry scenario includes Channel access PaaS for Internet finance, development and testing PaaS, carrier cloud services for BOM domains and B2B cloud resource pools, smart governments, and Smart City PaaS. Canonical commercially distributes and supports a pure upstream version of Kubernetes. Ubuntu is the reference operating system for Kubernetes deployments, making it an easy way to build Kubernetes clusters. MicroK8s, a Kubernetes is delivered in the form of snap – the universal Linux app packaging format – which dramatically simplifies the installation and upgrades of components. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Jupiter Broadcasting ☛ We_Should_Know_Better_|_Self-Hosted 78⠀⇛ We learned some really hard lessons this week, and reflect. Then Chris finds the perfect temperature sensor, and Alex finds a beautiful media discovery app. # ⚓ mintCast Pocast ☛ 394_–_With_music_on_our_side_to_break_the old_hard_drives_–_mintCast⠀⇛ 1:25 The News 16:15 Security and Privacy 26:03 Bi-Weekly Wanderings 1:22:59 Housekeeping and Announcements First up in the news, The Kernel gets a bump, LibreOffice adds a point, Android 13 is out if you have a Pixel, and Gnome has a birthday, In security and privacy, Discord and your passwords are pythoned, and hard drives apparently have a taste in music Then in our Wanderings, Joe plays with his handheld, Bill is setting up a new server, Moss skips the assault and gets a couple batteries, and Norbert has had done some things. o § Benchmarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Neowin ☛ Linux_could_leave_Windows_11_in_the_dust_as_Intel hybrid_CPUs_get_further_optimizations_–_Neowin⠀⇛ Back at its Architecture Day 2021 event, when Intel shared the core design details of its Alder Lake CPU architecture, the firm stated that Windows 11 was optimized in a way to best take advantage of the Alder Lake’s Performance Hybrid architecture and the new Thread Director technology that helps Windows 11 task scheduling. Following this announcement, head to head testing back in November 2021, indeed showed Windows 11 outperforming Linux quite easily thanks to the special optimizations baked into Microsoft’s new OS. In fact, it was beating out Windows 10 too, even when using an older Lakefield CPU. [...] With this Linux can potentially leave Windows 11 in the dust depending on the kind of improvements the new optimization sees. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Cockpit_Project:_Cockpit_275⠀⇛ Cockpit has always had the theoretical ability to run arbitrary programs to gain administrative access, by adding them to a package manifest. However, the UI would always use “sudo”. Now, if multiple programs are defined, the UI will prompt for which one to use. By default, Cockpit will still only use “sudo”, so unless you actually add more programs via a manifest, there will be no visible change in the UI. # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ FOSS_Weekly_#22.31:_Tweaking_Nemo,_Tools_to Understand_Linux_Commands_and_More⠀⇛ I got an overwhelmingly positive response to the new newsletter format. A few FOSSers expressed concern about losing the personal touch in this new format. I assure you that it won’t happen. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ How_to_Update_Firmware_in_Your_Linux Machine_–_Make_Tech_Easier⠀⇛ Firmware is a type of software that provides the low level control for device specific hardware. Firmware is stored on the read only memory (ROM) of a device. It gives instructions to the hardware about how it should be operated. Firmware can’t be modified or deleted by the end-user just like other software. You need some specialized software to do so. In this article, we are going to learn, how to update firmware in your Linux machine. # ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ How_to_install_Signal_Desktop_client_on_Ubuntu 22.04_|_Linux_Mint_21⠀⇛ Similar to WhatsApp and Telegram, Signal is a mobile messaging application that emphasizes security. So much so that Edward Snowden recommends it for everyday use. Like any modern mobile messaging app, you can expect stickers, video calls, individual, and group messaging and much more. Signal has good support for Linux, adding an excellent desktop client where you can use it for your daily communications on a computer. So let’s install it and use it. # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ How_to_Trap_Errors_in_Bash_Scripts_on_Linux⠀⇛ By default, a Bash script on Linux will report an error but keep running. We show you how to handle errors yourself so that you can decide what needs to happen next. # ⚓ H2S Media ☛ How_to_install_Memcached_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS Server⠀⇛ Steps and commands to install and configure Memcached on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy JellyFish to cache data for PHP or Python-based applications. Memcached is a BSD-licensed published cache server used by many organizations and website owners to quickly retrieve data from memory. It has been used by many users to improve the overall speed and performance of their dynamic websites with database connectivity to improve performance by avoiding disk access by storing important data in memory or by minimizing the call of complex and frequently used database queries – especially SELECT statements. Data is provided with a unique key value and stored as strings in memory whereas the connection takes place to the Memcached server via the PROTOCOLS TCP and IP. The stored data can be either permanent or temporary. Well, in the case of temporary storage, the deletion of cached data will happen automatically after the configured interval of time. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Apache_Tomcat_on_Linux_Mint_21_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Apache Tomcat on Linux Mint 21. For those of you who didn’t know, Apache Tomcat is an open-source Java servlet container. Tomcat is developed and maintained by a free group of developers under the Apache Software Foundation’s auspices and is licensed under the Apache License 2.0. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of an Apache Tomcat on Linux Mint 21 (Vanessa). # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Grafana_on_Fedora_36_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Grafana on Fedora 36. For those of you who didn’t know, Grafana is open-source analytics and monitoring solution for every database. It provides charts, graphs, and alerts for the web when connected to supported data sources. You can either install the open source version or the enterprise version. Both options would be free at the point of installing the service, but if you feel like you would like the Enterprise service that Grafana offers, you would only upgrade seamlessly with the enterprise version. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Grafana monitoring tool on a Fedora 36. # ⚓ OSTechNix ☛ Bash_Select_Loop_Explained_With_Examples_– OSTechNix⠀⇛ We have seen about bash for loop, while loop, and until loop in our previous articles with detailed examples. Bash offers one more type of loop called select loop, which will allow you to create menu- driven scripts. Menu-driven scripts are good alternatives to scripts that require users to pass arguments to perform an action. You can add more verbosity in your menus and users have to just select the option for the program to do its job. # ⚓ Extend_LVM_and_online_resize_filesystem⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_install_Datadog_Agent_on_Ubuntu_22.04_– NextGenTips⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to install Datadog Agent on Ubuntu 22.04. # ⚓ How_to_Install_PrestaShop_on_Ubuntu_22.04_–_LinuxTuto⠀⇛ PrestaShop is an open-source platform that allows anybody to easily create an e-commerce website platform to start selling products. The software was created with PHP and released under the Open Software License (OSL). In this tutorial, we will explain how to install and configure the PrestaShop e-commerce platform on Ubuntu 22.04. # ⚓ H2S Media ☛ Install_Ajenti_Admin_Panel_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS Server⠀⇛ Manage your CLI server by installing Admin Panel Ajenti on your Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa server using the command terminal. Ajenti is an open source Server management that offers an easy-to-use Web-based graphical user interface to command line servers so that they can be managed easily, locally or remotely. Well, you can’t compare it to the popular WHM Cpanel, instead, with the Cockpit Server Admin platform but with extra features to manage servers. That makes it easier for administrators to gain an overview and enable other users to manage docker containers, start services or run scripts, for example. The current version of Ajenti is a V2 lightweight Admin panel, however, there is also one more edition Ajenmti 1.x Panel which is not currently in development. Because the developers are focusing on Ajenti V2 which offers plugin-based architecture to expand the capabilities of the Panel. It is developed with Python3 & AngularJS and in the future will have plugins to manage other Server services such as apache2, Nginx, postfix, etc. # ⚓ TechRepublic ☛ How_to_create_a_Project_in_OpenProject⠀⇛ OpenProject is an open-source project management platform that makes it pretty easy to manage projects from the security of your own data center or your third-party cloud host. OpenProject can easily be deployed with the help of Docker, so you don’t have to worry about the complications of installing it manually. Once OpenProject is up and running, and you have the basic configurations taken care of, it’s time to create your first project. We’ll first create a new project, then we’ll add members and even set the project as a template, so you can more easily recreate it. # ⚓ TecAdmin ☛ (Resolved)_Port_22_Connection_Refused_on_Ubuntu &_Debian_–_TecAdmin⠀⇛ Sometimes we get an error “Port 22: Connection refused” during the SSH connection to a remote system. This can happen due to multiple reasons. # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ How_to_Use_Pushbuttons_With_Raspberry_Pi GPIO_Pins_–_Make_Tech_Easier⠀⇛ If you’ve ever used an LED with a Raspberry Pi, then you probably know how GPIO outputs work. Code makes electricity flow through General Purpose Input / Output (GPIO) pins, passes through the LEDs, and lights things up. But have you ever tried doing the reverse? With pushbuttons, you can do the exact opposite. This tutorial shows you how to turn a GPIO pin into an input pin, listening to every button press you make! # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ How_to_Password_Protect_Directory_in Nginx_Web_Server⠀⇛ While Nginx pre-configurations cater to essential security needs for our web applications, some security precautions need to be user-defined. For instance, a website’s web directory may contain files and other subdirectories that we wish to protect from unauthorized user access. A solution to the problem is basic authentication implementation on the Nginx web app configuration file. This article will walk us through viable steps of password-protecting a web app directory hosted by an Nginx web server. # ⚓ Citizix ☛ How_to_Install_Puppet_7_Server_on_Rocky_Linux/ Alma_Linux_9⠀⇛ In this guide, we are going to install Puppet 7 Server Open Source in Rocky Linux/Centos 8 Server. We will set up a Puppet server and an agent and install nginx using puppet manifests. Puppet is a software configuration management tool which includes its own declarative language to describe system configuration. It is a model-driven solution that requires limited programming knowledge to use. Puppet operates in an agent- master architecture, in which a master node controls configuration information for a fleet of managed agent nodes. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_OpenRGB_on_Linux_Mint_21_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install OpenRGB on Linux Mint 21. For those of you who didn’t know, Open source RGB lighting control that doesn’t depend on manufacturer software. OpenRGB is available for Windows, Linux, and macOS. The software offers many features, including support for RGB amber lighting, game integrations, music visualization, and more. Additionally, the software comes with a plugin interface that allows you to extend its functionality even further. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of OpenRGB on Linux Mint 21 (Vanessa). # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Network_automation_with_Ansible_filters |_Enable_Sysadmin⠀⇛ Ansible uses the Jinja2 templating system to handle variables in YAML playbooks. As I explained in my previous article, filters are a very powerful feature in Ansible that allow you to manipulate data in many different ways. One useful filtering example is network configuration. # ⚓ dwaves.de ☛ GNU_Linux_–_fonts_and_font_editors_–_what_is WOFF?⠀⇛ # ⚓ dwaves.de ☛ GNU_Linux_bash_–_tar_–_how_to_pack_compress backup_folder_create_tar.gz_and_exclude_filetype ⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ Neofetch_–_A_Command_Line_Linux_System Information_Tool⠀⇛ How much do you know about your Linux OS system information? Moreover, what system settings do you check, or what inbuilt Linux commands do you run to retrieve important information regarding your Linux operating system distribution? This article guide is here to answer such important questions concerning your Linux OS distribution via the Neofetch system information tool. # ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ How_I_analyze_my_music_directory_with Groovy_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ Lately, I’ve been looking at how Groovy streamlines the slight clunkiness of Java. In this article, I begin a short series to demonstrate Groovy scripting by creating a tool to analyze my music directory. In this article, I demonstrate how the groovy.File class extends and streamlines java.File and simplifies its use. This provides a framework for looking at the contents of a music folder to ensure that expected content (for example, a cover.jpg file) is in place. I use the JAudiotagger library to analyze the tags of any music files. o § Lutris⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Lutris_0.5.11_Adds_Open_Source_Macintosh Emulators_and_Amazon_Games_Integration⠀⇛ Lutris is an open-source game manager on Linux, giving you easy access to all kinds of game clients like Ubisoft Connect, Epic Games Store, and more. [...] Along with the highlights, another key change includes the support for Gamescope for Nvidia drivers 515 and above. Gamescope can be paradise while playing low- resolution games as it helps you to upscale the resolution. # ⚓ Video ☛ Interview_with_Mathieu_Comandon,_creator_of_Lutris! –_Invidious⠀⇛ o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Jonathan Riddell ☛ KDE_Snap_Packages_now_on_ARM_and KDE_Invent_CI_–_Jonathan_Esk-Riddell’s_Diary⠀⇛ KDE’s apps are available to install from the Snap store. 110 of them are packaged there ready to run on pretty much any Linux distro out there. There’s 350,000 devices with KDE snaps installed in the last week. The most popular Snaps are Okular, Krita with 50,000 devices this week. Kdenlive has nearly 44,000. Kolourpaint is popular at over 20,000. # ⚓ KDE_neon_Docker_Images_now_on_22.04LTS_–_KDE_neon Developers’_Blog⠀⇛ KDE neon has Docker images which are great for easily testing out KDE software built from Git master, Git testing or releases without touching your host system. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ The_GNOME_Project_Introduces_a_Telemetry Data_Collection_Tool⠀⇛ GNOME released a new gnome-info-collect tool that collects (anonymous) information about your system and some of the choices you’ve made. Above all, we want to stress that there is no cause for concern, especially for highly sensitive users regarding data privacy. In today’s world, users have mixed feelings about telemetry. But first, for those not in the know, let’s define telemetry in its use as software. Telemetry typically comprises software running in the background, gathering data about your computer and how you interact with it, and forwarding it to third parties – for example, hardware vendors or operating system makers. # ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ Pano_is_a_‘Next-Gen_Clipboard_Manager’ for_GNOME_Shell_–_OMG!_Ubuntu!⠀⇛ ‘Pano’ bills itself as a “next-gen clipboard manager for GNOME Shell” and if first impressions are anything to go by, it certainly fulfils that claim! Most clipboard managers (that I’ve used, at least) tend to be text-heavy lists. You copy items, they get added to a list, and you spend ages trying to work out which truncated string is which. Pano is way more graphical in its presentation of your copy/paste history making it potentially more useful. [...] Clipboard managers are only as useful as their contents, and not every you copy you’ll want to keep within easy reach. You can remove an item your clipboard history by clicking on the ‘x’ in the corner, and search through all saved contents using the search bar. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Mesa,_Git,_Gear,_More_Update_in_Tumbleweed_–_openSUSE News⠀⇛ The rolling release continues fastforwarding daily with new versions of software. The most recent snapshot is 20220824 and it updated the Linux Bluetooth protocol bluez 5.65; the package fixed a few Advanced Audio Distribution Profile issues and added experimental support for ISO sockets. The 4.16.2 version of hypervisor xen dropped several patches contained in the new tarball including a CLFLUSH work around for AMD x86. The new xen update fixes a few Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures. There were a few updates related to Vulkan like an update of shaderc 2022.2, which added support for 16b-bit-types in High-Level Shader Language. There were also updates to vulkan-loader and vulkan-tools 1.3.224.0. The OpenGL and OpenGL for Embedded Systems shader glslang 11.11.0 added OpSource support and avoids a double-free in functions clone for vulkan in relaxed mode. Mesa and its drivers package updated to version 22.1.7 in snapshot 20220823. The 3d graphics library’s new version had fixes and cleanups all over the tree; most of the fixes were for the Zink driver that emits Vulkan Application Programming Interface calls. Several YaST packages updated in the snapshot. There were some adjustments made with yast2-storage-ng 4.5.8 to adapt to new types of mounts by libstorage-ng, and yast2-network 4.5.5 added a class to generate the configuration needed for Fibre Channel over Ethernet. Other packages to update in the snapshot were transactional-update 4.0.1, autoyast2 4.5.3 and many other libraries. [...] Among the packages to update were KDE Gear 22.08.0, which allows you to sort files also by file extension with Dolphin. # ⚓ openSUSE_Tumbleweed_–_Review_of_the_week_2022/34_– Dominique_a.k.a._DimStar_(Dim*)⠀⇛ Dear Tumbleweed users and hackers, This week, Tumbleweed made the impossible possible: we have published 8 daily snapshots in just 7 days. Of course, the timing was a bit on our side: the snapshot that started building yesterday went so quickly through build and QA that it already managed to be published. In any case, the daily streak continued all along (now at 22 – a new all- time record). o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Edge_automation:_Seven_industry_use cases_and_examples⠀⇛ Put simply, edge computing is computing that takes place at or near the physical location of either the user or the source of the data being processed, such as a device or sensor. By placing computing services closer to these locations, users benefit from faster, more reliable services and organizations benefit from the flexibility and agility of the open hybrid cloud. # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Modernization:_Developing_your_code migration_strategy⠀⇛ # ⚓ GTK_2_removal_from_RHEL_10+⠀⇛ In RHEL 10 the GTK 3 and GTK 4 will still continue to be available for everyone to use. # ⚓ Fedora Project ☛ CPE_Weekly_Update_–_Week_34_2022_–_Fedora Community_Blog⠀⇛ This is a weekly report from the CPE (Community Platform Engineering) Team. If you have any questions or feedback, please respond to this report or contact us on #redhat-cpe channel on libera.chat (https://libera.chat/). We provide you both infographics and text version of the weekly report. If you just want to quickly look at what we did, just look at the infographic. If you are interested in more in depth details look below the infographic. # ⚓ CentOS ☛ CentOS_Community_Newsletter,_August_2022_– Blog.CentOS.org⠀⇛ CentOS hosted a Dojo at DevConf.US in Boston. This was our first return to hosting in-person events, and we tried to include remote participants with a YouTube live stream. Thanks to everybody who joined us in Boston or online. We appreciate feedback on how we can improve hybrid events. The recordings will be published soon. # ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ How_to_hire_(and_retain)_Gen_Z talent⠀⇛ As a new generation of IT talent emerges, corporate leaders should examine business practices that embrace new ideas and expectations. Consider this expert advice o § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ DebugPoint ☛ Deepin_23_Plans_to_Leave_Debian,_Aims_to Become_Independent⠀⇛ A few days back, the Deepin team gave a preview of the upcoming Deepin 23 release with new feature updates and additional details. However, in a recent post in the official subreddit of Deepin, the team announced that Deepin 23 would not be based on Debian anymore. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ peppe8o ☛ Jellyfin_and_Raspberry_PI:_a_Free_System_to Manage_your_Media⠀⇛ Raspberry PI computer boards, especially the newest ones, meet perfectly the need for small media center systems. One of the most famous on the web is Jellyfin This tutorial will show you how to install Jellyfin on Raspberry PI computer boards using Docker. For this tutorial, I’m going to use a Raspberry PI 3 Model A+, but it should work with any newest Raspberry PI computer board. Moreover, I’m going also to show a way to easily upload media files remotely to your Jellyfin media center. [...] Jellyfin is a Free Software Media System licensed under the GNU GPL: this means that you can use it, study it, modify it, build it, and distribute it for free, as long as your changes are licensed the same way. It descends from Emby‘s 3.5.2 release, trying to be different in order to avoid attached strings, premium licenses or features, and hidden agendas. * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Events⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Meet_Canonical_at_OpenSearchCon_2022_and_hear about_our_new_community_collaboration_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ OpenSearch makes it easy to ingest, search, visualise, and analyse data. Developers build with OpenSearch for use cases such as application search, log analytics, data observability, data ingestion, and more. OpenSearch is Apache 2.0 licensed software, which means that it is open source and run, maintained and advanced by the community. OpenSearch includes a network of partners and is open to contribution. OpenSearch also has principles for development, as the organisation believes that great open-source software is built together with a diverse community of contributors. Canonical, the publisher of Ubuntu, is proud to be a member of this expanding community. # ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ curl_up_2022_take_2_|_daniel.haxx.se⠀⇛ In June of 2022 we intended to run the curl up 2022 curl conference in person, in California. Unfortunately, I had the bad taste of catching covid exactly when I was about to use my new US visa for the first time, so I had to remain at home and because of that we cancelled the whole event. o § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Mozilla ☛ Slow_your_scroll:_5_ways_to_fight misinformation_on_your_social_feed⠀⇛ The news is overwhelming. Attention spans are waning. Combine those with social media feeds that are optimized for endless scrolling, and we get an internet where misinformation thrives. In many ways, consuming news has become a social act. We get to share what we’re reading and thinking through social media. Other people respond with their own thoughts and opinions. Algorithms pick up on all of this activity, and soon enough, our feeds feed us what to consume next – one after another. While it could be actual news and accurate information, often, it’s an opinionated take, inaccuracy or even propaganda. # ⚓ Mozilla ☛ Firefox_Presents:_Feeling_alive_with_the ‘Stoke_King’⠀⇛ If you could use a little hyping up to go outside, look no further than Wade Holland’s social media feeds. A former competitive skier from Montana, Holland encourages people to find their “stoke” – whether that’s by going on a mountain bike ride, rollerblading, or just feeling the sun on your skin. “It can be finding a little park right behind your house and singing and dancing in it,” Holland said. “You don’t have to hike Everest. You can do whatever elevates your stoke!” # ⚓ Thunderbird ☛ We_Asked_AI_To_Create_These_Beautiful Thunderbird_Wallpapers⠀⇛ The buzz around AI-generated artwork continues to grow with each passing week. As machine-learning-driven AI systems like DALL·E 2, Midjourney, and Stable Diffusion continue to evolve, some truly awe-inspiring creations are being unleashed onto the world. We wanted to tap into that creative energy to produce some unique desktop wallpapers for the Thunderbird community! So, we fed Midjourney the official Thunderbird logo and a series of descriptive text prompts to produce the stunning desktop wallpapers you see below. (Can you spot which one is also inspired by our friends at Firefox?) o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ postmarketOS_//_Considering_SourceHut,_Part_2⠀⇛ We recently added a post, Considering SourceHut, where we explained our desire to move from our current source code and issue hosting on gitlab.com to SourceHut. Along with a tentative rollout plan and a call out to postmarketOS contributors to give their feedback in an issue created specifically for that purpose (postmarketos#49). After receiving a lot of thoughtful feedback (and yes we did read them all!) from contributors and community members who read the post, we felt is was necessary to provide an update. [...] What we do know is, now would be the best time to try it. # ⚓ _Storing_OCR_result_|_My_Journey_at_google_summer of_Code_2022⠀⇛ This week, I implemented two ways to store the output text. The first way is that output text will be recorded and saved as a text file. I implement the method saveTextFile(const QString& filePath, const QString& text) of Ocr Tesseract Engine; this function uses QTextStream’s streaming operators, so we can conveniently write and update text into the file. The text file is located with the same path as the Url image. The second way is to save the text in XMP. I implement the method saveXMP(const QString& filePath, const QString& text) to do this task. XMP uses a structured container to host similar metadata. An alternative language string is an entry in the XMP tree (based on XML) which will be an additional property for a title or caption tag. A new language version of a label is appended to XML. There is no limit in size and char encoding. XMP is hosted in the image to a dedicated chunk outside the image data/properties. # § Nim and BaCon⠀➾ # ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ Debian_to_Puppy_package_db_conversion in_Nim⠀⇛ ‘debdb2pupdb’ is written in BaCon language, though Dima (dimkr in the forum) rewrote it in C in woof-CE; though, the legacy-branch in woof-CE still has the BaCon version… # ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ BaCon_4.x_cross-compile_problem_in OE⠀⇛ However, it turns out that cross-compiling BaCon and apps written in BaCon, is not resolved. It was only fixed for the situation where was compiling on a x86_64 host OS, for a x86_64 target CPU. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ WAFER-TGL-U_3.5-inch_Tiger_Lake_SBC_offers 3x_2.5GbE_port,_SATA,_4x_display_interfaces_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ IEI’s WAFER-TGL-U is a 3.5-inch SBC based on a choice of Intel Tiger Lake UP3 processors with up to 32GB RAM, SATA storage, three 2.5 Gbps Ethernet ports, four display interfaces including HDMI, DisplayPort, and the company’s custom iDPM 3040 slot for eDP/LVDS/VGA, as well as four USB 3.2 ports. The board also comes with M.2 sockets to add 4G LTE or 5G cellular connectivity, a few RS232/RS422/ RS485 ports, and IEI says it is ideal for space- constrained applications such as AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle), AMR (Autonomous Mobile Robot), and small cabinets in factories. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Living_off_the_land,_AD_CS_style_|_Pen_Test_Partners⠀⇛ Unless you have been living under a rock for the last year or so, Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) abuse continues to be a hot topic in offensive security, ever since the excellent research released by Will Schroeder (@harmj0y) and Lee Christensen (@tifkin_). I, like many, have enjoyed the fruits of Will and Lee’s research since its release last year. Up until now exploitation of these AD CS misconfigurations typically requires tools like Certify directly over C2, or Oliver Lyak’s excellent certipy tool over SOCKS into the target environment. Recently, my genius and handsome colleague Nick (guess who tech QA’d this post?) and I got into a conversation around living off the land techniques for AD CS abuse. The environment he was targeting at the time was brutal from a red teamer perspective, with a high functioning SOC and excellent detection capability. In situations such as this, living of the land is a much more effective way of remaining undetected and blending in with legitimate traffic. [...] There are several ways to enrol for certificates using traditional Windows features and tools. The certutil command line tool and the web enrolment endpoint that is sometimes exposed, to name a few. But we wanted to avoid the command line if possible and not rely on the web enrolment endpoint as often this is not available. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Friday_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (zlib), Fedora (dotnet3.1, firefox, java-1.8.0-openjdk- aarch32, thunderbird, and zlib), Mageia (canna, chromium-browser-stable, dovecot, firefox/nss, freeciv, freetype2, gnutls, kernel, kernel-linus, kicad, ldb/samba/sssd, libgsasl, microcode, nodejs, rsync, thunderbird, and unbound), Oracle (php:7.4 and systemd), Scientific Linux (firefox, rsync, systemd, and thunderbird), Slackware (vim), and SUSE (bluez, gstreamer-plugins-good, java-1_7_1- ibm, java-1_8_0-ibm, kernel, libcroco, postgresql10, postgresql13, python-lxml, and webkit2gtk3). # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Security_and_Cheap_Complexity_–_Schneier on_Security⠀⇛ I’ve been saying that complexity is the worst enemy of security for a long time now. (Here’s me in 1999.) And it’s been true for a long time. # ⚓ The_anomaly_of_cheap_complexity⠀⇛ So, computers are insecure because they have so many complex layers. # ⚓ Day_in_the_life_of_a_package_maintainer:_Reproducible_Go packages⠀⇛ In this new blog series, I would like to introduce you to the daily adventures of an Arch Linux package maintainer. This time, we will have a look at reproducible package builds. Reproducible package builds are very important for us, as package maintainers, because reproducible package builds create an independently-verifiable path from source to the final package. This means, every Arch Linux user can verify that noone tampered with the Arch Linux package build process. Technically spoken, this means that we can build the same package on different systems and get an exact identical package (identical as in: they share the same SHA256 checksum). # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Internet Freedom Foundation ☛ Pegasus_Investigation Report_to_remain_in_sealed_cover_despite_containing evidence_that_5_phones_had_malware⠀⇛ The committee of experts (‘Committee’) constituted by the Supreme Court to investigate the use of Pegasus spyware on Indian citizens recently submitted its report with the Supreme Court in a sealed envelope (‘Report’). This Report was opened for the first time by the Bench comprising Chief Justice NV Ramana (‘CJI’), Justice Surya Kant and Justice Hima Kohli in open court. The CJI read some parts of the Report, and revealed that the Report states that malware was found in 5 out of 29 phones, but that the Report couldn’t say if the malware was Pegasus. However, despite this shocking revelation, the Report will be kept in the sealed envelope, in the custody of the Supreme Court’s General Secretary, even when the CJI stated during the court proceedings, that parts of the Report will be public. # ⚓ TechRadar ☛ The_American_Data_Privacy_and_Protection Act:_a_look_into_the_United_States’_first_federal privacy_law⠀⇛ # ⚓ [Old]_VS_Code_–_What’s_the_deal_with_the_telemetry?⠀⇛ Microsoft state that they follow the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and that these practices apply to all geographies, not just Europe. However, you cannot access the data collected. [...] And there is a ‘sign-in’ experience in VS Code. You can sync your settings by signing into a Microsoft account or GitHub account. You may not use it, but you can be obviously identified that way. Is that data linked? [...] Under the right of access article, you can make a formal request called a data subject request (DSR) to a data controller (whoever holds your data) to take an action on that data. A data controller must provide an overview of the categories of data that are being processed (Article 15(1)(b)) as well as a copy of the actual data (Article 15(3)); furthermore, the data controller has to inform the data subject on details about the processing, such as the purposes of the processing (Article 15(1)(a)), with whom the data is shared (Article 15(1)(c)), and how it acquired the data (Article 15(1)(g)). Microsoft have added GDPR annotations to telemetry events to describe their purpose. I guess that covers Article 15(1)(a) mentioned above. It is an enumerated variable, which can contain values: “FeatureInsight”, “PerformanceAndHealth”, “BusinessInsight”, and “SecurityAndAuditing”. It is kind of vague. What does a “BusinessInsight” event mean? My own take is that I do not feel like I am adequately protected. I am not totally anonymous. I cannot access data collected. Microsoft extensions collect data implicitly, and may not offer settings to control what is sent out. The fact that all Microsoft product licenses say that users cannot opt out of all data collection makes me doubt the sincerity of the effort. [...] However, VSCodium can’t shut out all the data collection as it is the same codebase. And since extensions act independently with regard to data collection, you still need to be mindful of what extensions you install. You would need to search around for other options if you want to find a more privacy- oriented, open-source code editor. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ A_new_jailbreak_for_John_Deere_tractors_rides_the_right-to- repair_wave⠀⇛ * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal⠀➾ # ⚓ It’s_Over,_It_Starts⠀⇛ I am rounding out a long, manic week with a much needed full-night’s rest. It feels nice to be refreshed once again after so many days of feeling like I’m working with only half of my brain. These spells of insonmia, along with intense, creative flow aren’t bad. Just exhausting. And I end up feeling a bit guilty for the folks around me that rely on the rest of me being there. # ⚓ strange_thoughts⠀⇛ while working on my website, i happened to stumble across an opportunity where a certain company was opening auditions for new vtuber talents. i’m only heavily considering it because i’m in the midst of a hopeless job hunt – which sounds stupid but. well. this is me trying every avenue, even the unorthodox ones. # ⚓ My_Music_Collection⠀⇛ Many years ago I bought a record player and started my own little record collection. I fell in love with handling, cleaning, and playing records from the very beginning. I grew up in the back-end of tapes and meat of the CD eras so records were new to me. # ⚓ SpellBinding:_ABIMORS_Wordo:_PIING⠀⇛ o § Technical⠀➾ # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ My_First_Gemlog!⠀⇛ I finally created a gemini capsule!!! I’ve been lurking on gemini for ages now, and I’ve been wanting to contribute my own nonsense for just as long. However, I could never figure out how to set up a capsule. I tried so many times, spent countless hours troubleshooting my setups, but to no avail. I had a yunohost server running though, and when I saw that I could host a gemini capsule on it I was ecstatic! Then, another roadblock. There are two apps available on yunohost for gemini, gemserv and my_capsule. I was familiar with gemserv so I installed it and tried to set it up. It was an absolute disaster. Could not figure it out and I thought it was just game over. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5469 ➮ Generation completed at 02:44, i.e. 73 seconds to (re)generate ⟲