𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Saturday, March 16, 2024
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Generated Sun 17 Mar 02:49:25 GMT 2024
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals
The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈
Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔
Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕
Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2024/03/16/


╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
  Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order):

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QmdLsuRLzrwb58dZaSmJah6oCmNNZ6cW4ick4chqJmHjmY
QmTNR3uqcbMYjPAbbHjBqyNJb3ib8kytQvdFnATzkBFVvo
QmfCHrqMLfMsHXYnQeAvVuNYt91Zw2AmMJ5mx4RqsrWy3b
QmR2rr1yXDANjQBEz2oGtd2UMgy9U37FHdjpUhPfAk7h5z
QmWE6ucdKk9Q1pi6ce3ko9xPWd9Y4BjpLij3W7tJ5TMjG3
QmaoEDiALTYYZdaq3SQ86aQpMwUji1nqCeLbXAoszFRYvJ
QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s
QmXZcp3rXLYa24pYd7jUu6sPDrhziRCNCok875WLJTLysP
QmUE7nd24kx2soZFbSYKDsb1ik1wpirFTRTBhDTj6w9sjh
QmdKeWBhfnjgQLYU48wto7DdStpXsB5mE1yEEnWcxQ53vu
QmfSnnTnjcAe3YvtRsVgAwUJfpcEk1dM5J5yjJLyv7MxqM
QmQ16CkpxBbMzPZ6wZcuKBUcxH1RZ8uAEhcvdBsPRpVZe9
QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL
QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X
Qmdqd6mb8mj27qVvQZRR7sjshrXYYirWm9vRttLkNB5rW6
QmSjY85vxbu9nNFHUMmuK7CxRame2VYuhb523CJaK5zRkj
QmZwah9nZHVvSzbJWEAMxumYDpanFPqTahnqoNP83tuZbx
QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe
QmcgTTyseF5zFd4MLquM4PtJZzkFcBEqaUbqDe4eaUx6Na
QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu


╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⦿ Techrights  -  CyberShow's Latest Episode Covers How Technology is Getting Worse (in General)

⦿ Techrights  -  Violence, sexism, racist harassment and physical abuse at FOSDEM, DebConf, FrOSCon, Debian, OSI

⦿ Techrights  -  Incinerated workers & Debian unhealthy culture

⦿ Techrights  -  IRC Proceedings: Friday, March 15, 2024

⦿ Techrights  -  Open Invention Network (OIN) Fails to Explain If Linux is Safe From Microsoft's Software Patent Royalties (Charges)

⦿ Techrights  -  Open Invention Network (OIN) Homepage: Microsoft is "Community of Global Leaders"

⦿ Techrights  -  Over at Tux Machines...

⦿ Techrights  -  Security Leftovers

⦿ Techrights  -  [Teaser] Patent Bait and Switch

 ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/CyberShow_s_Latest_Episode_Covers_How_Technology_is_Getting_Wor.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Debian_aggression_woman_asked_about_her_profession.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Incinerated_workers_Debian_unhealthy_culture.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_March_15_2024.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Open_Invention_Network_OIN_Fails_to_Explain_If_Linux_is_Safe_Fr.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Open_Invention_Network_OIN_Homepage_Microsoft_is_Community_of_G.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Security_Leftovers.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Teaser_Patent_Bait_and_Switch.shtml

 ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Gemini_Links_16_03_2024_gplaces_in_Flathub_and_the_Scroll_Proto.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Gemini_Links_16_03_2024_Grid_based_Distances_and_Google_Stealin.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Links_16_03_2024_Science_Health_and_Censorship.shtml
https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Links_16_03_2024_TikTok_Issues_and_Censorship_Stories.shtml

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 74

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/CyberShow_s_Latest_Episode_Covers_How_Technology_is_Getting_Wor.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/CyberShow_s_Latest_Episode_Covers_How_Technology_is_Getting_Wor.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ CyberShow's Latest Episode Covers How
Technology is Getting Worse (in General)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Dr_Andy_Farnell⦈_


Listen_to_the_episode (MP3)


                   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Bruno The Teddy Bear⦈


THE latest_(and_new)_episode of the CyberShow (less_direct_link) was mentioned
in_the_sister_site_only_moments_ago. I was listening to it while curating Daily
Links and it's worth sharing here too, along with some further commentary
that's more personal.


As a matter of fact, several of us have listened to the episode while taking
mental and textual notes. The episode is a collection of disparate topics and a
sporadic focus on human rights in relation to "tech" and what's disappearing,
what replaces what things, and how many things have become more stressful and
less reliable. Ed and Andy - part of a security-focused_group - converse among
themselves and also interview people with relevant knowledge in topics like
"self-service" (misnomer, we covered this in text and in_video_years_ago, as
did Alex_Oliva_from_the_FSF).


The CyberShow is done by cynics and critical thinkers a la George Carlin. As
contrarians, they call out the "bullshit" and bluntly name the "spades".


Take "self-service" or "self-checkout" as an example.


"The mythical boiling frog" method, as an associate put it earlier, is covered
in relation to fashionable consumption trends and 'automation' (that's not;
it's about outsourcing work to the customers), as "the coercion was done
gradually over time so that people embrace it."


"Another thing with the self-checkout is that if they make a mistake, it is on
you and they can come after you over the mistake many weeks after the fact. At
that point it is nearly impossible to prove innocence. But that aspect was not
raised in the episode."


The episode is about an hour long, but... listening to the CyberShow-type
format means it's mostly split into segments, starting with the "disappearance
of reliable communication... [and] trust" (a subject we revisit so often here).


As recently noted in Techrights, especially in relation to landlines being
phased out, people "cannot make reliable emergency calls if [they] had to"
(quoting Andy).


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Ed_Nevard:_Pentesting_&_Resillience_Lead⦈_


The show is worth listening to, especially if you are sceptical of user-hostile
trajectories of "tech".


As Andy says, "I am a computer scientist who doesn't have a smartphone" and
"you'd have to be clinically insane to have one".


"It was a rather good CyberShow again," a friend has told me. "They covered a
diverse range of topics."


My wife plans to listen to it too. Neither she nor I have a smartphone and we
feel better for it. People who actually understand how those gadgets work
typically know why it's better to avoid them.


"Anyway it was very well though out," the friend said about this episode.


The show is very... "different"... and a breath of fresh air. █




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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⢲⣷⣦⡁⠈⠉⢀⣠⣾⡿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣆⢀⣾⡟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢠⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣧⠈⠙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⡾⣻⣇⠼⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣸⣔⣿⣾⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⠧⡦⡀⠇⠀⠀⠈⠹⢿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠤⣥⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⣀⣿⣟⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡋⠁⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠄⡀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣧⣷⣶⡿⣋⠃⠸⢏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠁⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⣿⣿⣹⡟⡻⠏⢙⣇⣿⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡆⡠⠃⠘⣀⠊⣸⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠋⠛⠉⠙⠋⣹⣶⣷⠆⠀⠁⠘⢏⠻⡟⣿⢀⡀⡏⢁⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣼⣒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡁⣿⡀⠐⡋⢠⠚⠐⠃⠀⠀⠶⠶⠄⠀⠀⠘⠂⠀⠀⣻⣿⣯⣶⡷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⢠⡶⠃⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡘⢧⡄⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣤⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⣦⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠻⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⣿⠏⣻⢻⡿⠻⠿⢹⡿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡟⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠁⠠⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠐⠉⠂⠀⠀⠀⡜⢣⣴⣇⡼⡅⣹⣿⣣⣾⢵⣭⣿⣿⡿⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠻⠻⠾⠿⢷⢿⣶⣻⡶⣿⡿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⡇⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣯⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠓⡄⢢⠘⠳⣏⣰⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⢀⣴⠁⡚⢽⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠰⠆⠩⢭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠀⣿⣦⡈⢻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠚⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠕⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠀⠀⢤⣿⣿⢿⢟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⠟⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢑⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢠⣤⣦⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣔⣆⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⢿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⡿⡷⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠰⡟⠀⢸⡗⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⡏⡇⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣀⣰⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠐⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⡶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢺⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⣄⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣼⣿⣿⡛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣇⡀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢉⣩⣭⣭⣬⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⡀⢰⣿⣿⡉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠟⠉⢸⠟⠛⣽⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢋⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠃⠈⠙⠃⠈⣿⠿⠛⠿⠿⣭⣿⣻⣟⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿
⢻⠷⠀⠀⣲⣿⠇⠀⣿⣶⢛⠋⢭⣙⢸⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠱⡀⡌⢱⠫⣉⡇⠉⠀⢙⣿⣷⣿⣿
⡈⠐⠀⣴⣿⣿⠣⠀⠉⠛⣿⣽⣢⢃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠙⠿⢿⢿
⠁⠀⠀⢻⡿⣟⠄⠀⢠⣄⣿⣿⡋⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡇⠈⠃⠃
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣙⡀⠀⠈⡍⢟⢙⣿⠕⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣀⠐⢯⣲⣢⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣸⣇⣤⣦⣠
⠃⠀⠀⣷⡨⠴⠀⠀⠀⣿⣰⣎⣿⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⠟⠁⢠⡿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⡗⠨⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⢷⠫⡻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠉⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠻⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠉⠀⠐⠉⢠⢄
⠀⠀⢀⡫⡇⠀⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿⠷⢷⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠘⣨
⠀⠀⣼⣇⠘⠀⠠⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⠝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠙⡻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⢠
⠀⢰⣿⣏⠀⣔⢁⠜⣼⠿⠇⠈⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⢪⡫⠟⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠉
⣰⣿⣿⠇⠀⣧⣾⣧⣳⠂⠀⠌⠴⢋⡿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠐⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠰⠇⣦
⣿⣿⣯⠀⢈⠿⡿⠻⣽⡀⠸⠊⢴⡎⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢛⣃⣀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣄⣄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠃⢤⠤⣥⡿
⣿⢻⢗⣧⢽⠀⠁⠈⣿⠃⠀⢠⣾⢃⣠⡄⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡷⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣦⣤⣶⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠈⠙⠂⠀⠁⠀⠀
⡟⡏⠈⠙⢂⠄⠀⢼⣿⣷⣴⡿⠋⢁⣨⢽⡷⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⣔⣤⣦⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⠙⠆⠀⠈⠀⣠⠿⠿⣿⢟⣁⢐⡋⠡⡄⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⢴⡀⣈⠈⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢤⣦⣿⣿⡻⠿⠛⠉⣉⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑
⣿⠽⡄⠀⠇⠀⠋⠀⠀⠰⠿⠟⠐⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⢟⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣶⢿⠿⠋⢫⣁⣡⣥⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣴⣶⡶⠟⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⣄⢴⣼⢿⠟⣛⣩⣤⣴⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠛⢻⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣊⣀⣀⣄⣤⣴⣶⣷⣿⢞⢼⣯⣠⣍⣿⢾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠯⣻⢫⢫⡅⡀⢀⣀⣤⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⣏⡷⣝⢯⢛⣿⣛⡿⣙⡽⣛⣿⢵⣧⡿⠟⠷⡳⠛⠛⠙⠛⠋⠋⠉⠁⠀⣤⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠰⢄
⣳⣿⣽⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣋⣽⣭⣟⣭⣖⡭⣂⣅⣈⣁⣊⣱⣉⣕⣉⣁⣅⡣⣖⡥⣬⠦⢴⠶⡲⠖⠒⠒⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠃
⣟⣲⣬⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣿⣛⢿⣓⢿⣻⢿⣺⢿⣺⢽⣫⢜⣫⣓⣡⣊⣀⣋⢓⣉⢘⣩⣚⣻⣣⣪⢥⣮⣤⣶⢴⣂⡶⡦⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡄⡶⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢝⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢾⣿⢾⡿⣯⡷⣯⡼⢽⢺⣽⠺⢷⣋⢟⣓⡯⡺⠍⠚⠝⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⠽⠿⠿⠟⠋⠛⠛⠛⠿⠟⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢝⣽⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⡻⠟⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 278

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Debian_aggression_woman_asked_about_her_profession.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Debian_aggression_woman_asked_about_her_profession.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Violence, sexism, racist harassment and
physical abuse at FOSDEM, DebConf, FrOSCon, Debian,
OSI⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024,
updated Mar 16, 2024


Reprinted with permission from Daniel_Pocock.


FOSDEM organization is getting under way and volunteers have already started
receiving anonymous threats and insults. This is not unprecedented and it is no
surprise.


At FOSDEM itself, the former president of Open_Source_Initiative showed the
infamous slide with a cat behind bars. The woman is not a developer. She does
not have money to pay developers. People don't consent to be in these
experiments. Therefore, the picture implies some force is used to impose upon
developers against our will. What she has illustrated here is a concentration
camp. If she displayed this slide in Germany she could be prosecuted for
glorifying the holocaust.


             🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Molly de Blanc, cat behind bars⦈


The same woman went to FrOSCon_in_Germany and displayed a slide showing three
users pushing a developer. Yet this has actually happened. This was the
infamous sexist/racist attack on Ted (Jonathan) Walther and his Mexican dinner
date at DebConf6 in Oaxtepec, Mexico. Having seen evidence that rogue elements
of the community are planning a repeat of the violence for FOSDEM 2023, it is
time to dig out the messages from debian-private. It is 15 years ago but
looking at the slides about pushing, not much has changed.


Here is the infamous pushing_video_from_FrOSCon:


     Molly de Blanc: Well we can use our collective power to push others


(full_video_from_FrOSCon_2019)


Many Debian scandals, like the Debian_Day_Suicide, have been kept hidden for
years but the DebConf6 violence quickly became public knowledge. There is a
large thread in Slashdot where John_Sokol_gives_a_first-hand_account:


     This group, after spreading many rumors about Walther that were
     totally false, one of which that his date, Hilda (a local
     entrepreneur in a very small town where everyone knows everyone and
     runs a dental administration company) was accused of being a
     prostitute, and this was because Ted couldn't possible get a woman on
     his own. Being that I was there when Ted met her at the local
     Internet cafe, this vicious rumor is definitely not true.


     After rumors failed, 7 guys tried to rush him and became quite
     agitated and violent. I am a fairly big guy and happen to be standing
     in the doorway at the time of the attack against Ted.


     Several people where behind him and they would have pushed Walther
     and several innocent bystanders over the 2 foot ledge that lead to
     the street, probably injuring some of them.


The attack on Ted Walther sounds a lot like the culture that the OSI president
has depicted in the slide at FrOSCon (see the video above).


Looking at the prostitute insult, the victim is a woman and she is from Mexico.
Therefore, this is a combination of both sexism and racism. Hilda_Rivera
Ramirez runs a local_dental_clinic.


   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Hilda Rivera Ramirez, Ted Jonathan Walther, DebConf6⦈


How incredibly racist and sexist one must be to confuse a dentist with a
prostitute. No doubt jealousy is a factor: Walther had the courage to ask the
woman on a date while other developers have spent the whole week cocooned in
their DebConf bubble.


Fast forward to DebConf15 and the_same_rudeness_was_turned_on_Carla_and_I even
before we got there. We were going to pay for Carla's flights ourselves but the
Google woman told me Carla wouldn't be welcome at the meals.


Now we can fast forward to 2018 and see what happened when the Albanian female
interns asked if somebody could purchase their flights for them. Male interns
were_told_to_purchase_their_own_tickets_and_wait_months_for_a_reimbursement.
Albanian female interns received payment up-front:


Subject: Re: [rt.debian.org #7328] DebConf travel pre-payment requests
From: Martin Michlmayr
Time: Fri Jun 29 08:56:42 2018


* Hector Oron [2018-06-28 10:55]:
> I added Martin to the list, he'll be taking care of flight ticket
> purchase if you send him flight details.


This has been taken care of.


--
Martin Michlmayr
https://www.cyrius.com/
Here are a couple of messages about the Mexican dentist. Notice that one of the
suspects in the DebConf6 violence, Holger Levsen, is_in_some_of_the_pictures
with_the_table_full_of_Albanian_women_at_DebConf19.


   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇DebConf19, Albanian women, Holger Levsen, Chris Lamb⦈


Notice that in the report from Debian leader Anthony Towns, there is evidence
of bias, racism and sexism. For example, using the word "lady" instead of
"girl" or "woman" encourages the reader to see the woman in a particular way.


Subject: Events at the DebConf Dinner
Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 10:41:19 -0500
From: Anthony Towns <aj@azure.humbug.org.au>
To: debian-private@lists.debian.org
CC: ted@reactor-core.org


Hi,


As promised, details from the dinner:


Ted was seen walking with his "clue" bat and a crown out of the conference
venue, avoiding the busses provided to attend the dinner. When asked
later, he indicated he arrived by car with one of the conference sponsors,
named Fabio, and a lady, named Hilda. It is worth noting at this point,
that Ted had not communicated with the conference organisers to ensure
that Hilda would be able to be served, as she had not otherwise been an
attendee at DebConf.


Upon arriving, Ted was wearing his crown and carrying his "clue" bat. One
of the attendees snuck up behind him, and grabbed the crown, and gave it
to me. Ted then came over, at which point I tried grabbing the "clue"
bat and hitting him with it, with limited success. He indicated the
crown was the wrong way around, and we posed for some photos from far
too many cameras, which you may well have already seen.


Some attendees who had had prior bad experiences with Ted, such as
described in the previous mail, were disturbed by him receiving the
attention of the entire conference, and at some point made jests of the
form that Hilda might be his nurse or a social worker. As I understand it,
Amaya Rodrigo Sastre asked Fabio who the lady was, and was led to believe
that she was a prostitute. She and others found that uncomfortable and
offensive, and were also concerned for the woman's safety after his
blog post from the previous evening that spoke extensively about the
death penalty for prostitutes and that being a religious obligation in
certain cases.


One of the volunteers, Ana Guerrero, spoke to Hilda and suggested that
it might be a good idea for her to leave. I am not sure what was said,
but I believe it was related to the general concerns about Ted's religious
beliefs, and the question of whether she was or was not a prostitute was
not raised. As I understand it, at this point Hilda did leave, however
was encouraged to return by Ted and his long-time friend and co-worker,
John Sokol, a former developer of 386BSD and an attendee at DebConf.


At some point, I believe shortly after she returned, some attendees then
decided that it would be all right if she stayed, but Ted left. At this
point Holger and Moray, as mentioned above, manhandled Ted across the
dining hall to the door, where they were intercepted by John. At this
point the rest of the attendees noticed that something was going on, and a
group gathered around trying to calm the situation down, and find out what
had caused it. As part of this, Martin Krafft attempted to calm down the
situation at which point Ted told him to "Get off me you fucking Nazi".


By this point the rain had reached the point where the sound of it hitting
the tin roof was enough to drown out the mariachi band, and without having
known the details of what was going on, it seemed to me that throwing
people out into the rain was uncalled for. As such I escorted Ted and
Hilda back to their seats to separate them from the other attendees who
were clearly angry, and tried to determine what was going on. At about
this time, Amaya and Fabio had a heated argument in Spanish, which Amaya
later indicated involved Fabio claiming that Hilda was not a prostitute,
and that he had never said anything that should give that impression.


I also spoke with Moray and Holger, who by this time were talking with
Bdale and some other developers who hadn't been involved, and indicated
that grabbing people to throw them out of the room was entirely wrong. At
this point they both remained extremely angry at the situation, and had
very little to say. I don't believe resorting to violence is remotely
appropriate within Debian, and had the opportunity to speak further about
this with Moray this morning, and hope to have a similar opportunity to
speak with Holger shortly.


In any case, Amaya, Moray, Holger, and a number of others decided they
would prefer to leave the dinner at this point rather than remain there
with Ted, rain or not; at approximately which time the lighting failed
entirely due to the rain, and presumably leaks near the electrical
system. They remained at the dining hall for a little while longer
until the rain eased, eventually leaving for dinner along with a local
developer, with the intention of finding their own way home.


For the remainder of the evening Ted and Hilda remained mostly in their
seats, and I tried to ensure he avoided further aggravating the other
attendees.


Not long after most people had eaten, the organisers decided to cut
our losses and arrange for the busses to transport people back to the
conference venue. At this point, most of the people most offended by Ted
took the opportunity to leave along with others who wished to leave early,
as I understand it, slightly over-filling two busses. Ted also left to
leave on these busses, along with Hilda, which I suggested would not
be a good idea, and that it might be better to take a taxi. John Sokol
loaned Ted some money at this point, and Ted and Hilda left.


By the time I returned, Ted was sitting in the middle of the hacklab. As
I understand it, there were a small number of further confrontations as a
result of this.


It's not entirely clear what the facts of the matter are; and as you might
expect, a number of rumours flew around during the dinner. The above
is my best understanding of what happened.
Obviously there were a large number of other developers present at this
event, who should be able to provide additional information on the dinner;
but it is important to realise that it was not this event alone that
led to either the loss of tempers involved, nor this expulsion.


Cheers,
aj


--
Anthony Towns
Debian Project Leader
§ Reactions from other Debian Developers⠀➾


Josip Rodin appears to endorse violence:


Subject: Re: Events at the DebConf Dinner
Date: Thu, 1 Jun 2006 18:39:15 +0100
From: Ian Jackson <ian@davenant.greenend.org.uk>
To: debian-private@lists.debian.org
Newsgroups: chiark.private.mail.debian.private
References:  <20060519154119.GA4372@azure.humbug.org.au>
<17524.43309.244563.319981@davenant.relativity.greenend.org.uk>
<20060526222120.GA16999@keid.carnet.hr>


Josip Rodin writes ("Re: Events at the DebConf Dinner"):
> I went back and read a few of the krooger-induced flamewars again, those
> from previous years... My conclusion is that he was fairly lucky to be
> on the receiving end of only a single incident of manhandling. FWIW.


Debian is not supposed to be some downtown bar where if you insult
someone you can expect to be beaten.


Most of the other communities I'm involved with take a very strong
line against violence.  For example, if someone looks like they're
going to get physical, their friends will intervene.  Now we don't
perhaps all know each other as well as we do our meatlife friends; but
I would hope that if I was at Debconf and threatened to behave as
described, other developers would step in to dissuade me.  I also hope
that if I did do anything along these lines the project would hold me
to account and demand, at the very least, an apology.


We have ways of resolving these disputes that do not involve
individuals taking things into their own hands.  One problem we have
in Debian is that those people in charge have usually been reluctant
to enforce justifiable social norms of behaviour, both online and when
we meet in person.  Tolerating violence amongst our members is just
one example of this.


Ian.

Wouter doesn't appear to realize that violence is a crime:


Subject: Re: Events at the DebConf Dinner
Date: Sat, 03 Jun 2006 08:54:12 -0700
From: Bruce Perens <bruce@perens.com>
To: Wouter Verhelst <wouter@debian.org>
CC: debian-private@lists.debian.org


Wouter Verhelst wrote:
> How is manhandling or insult going to increase SPI's chances of getting sued?


The manhandling is the sort of crime that judges take seriously.


[...snip...]

§ Why did the victim get expelled?⠀➾


It looks like members of the mob realized they may face consequences so rather
than apologizing, they expelled the victim and muddied the waters.




Subject: Re: Ted Walther's Expulsion
Date: Sun, 21 May 2006 14:52:05 -0700
From: Steve Langasek <vorlon@debian.org>
To: debian-private@lists.debian.org


I'm sorry, I don't want to prolong this thread, but I'm having difficulty
parsing your mail.


On Sat, May 20, 2006 at 12:52:47AM -0400, Bruno Barrera C. wrote:


> Hanging on the last point, there was a problem calling the Ted's guest
> 'Prostitute'. That's not a rumor, that's a fact.


What part are you asserting is a fact here?  That she was a prostitute, that
people called her a prostitute, or that it was a problem to call her a
prostitute?


> It was what I heard (from many people, obviously rumor moving along the
> crowd) when I was on the formal dinner.  The real rumor is that she wasn't
> a prostitute,


What do you mean by "real rumor"?  A rumor is a claim of doubtful veracity;
are you claiming that the *truth* is that she was not a prostitute, or that
the *rumor* that she was a prostitute is a rumor, thus implying that it is
false and the contrary is true (that she was a prostitute)?


> because I'm witness that they met her close the town because she was close
> to a business man that they met a few days ago, and Ted kindly offered her
> to join him to the Formal dinner.


I regret not having accurate first-hand information about this situation.  I
wish I did, because I would like to better understand what Went Wrong <tm>
at the formal dinner.  It is pretty clear that Ted & Co. did not do much
initially to *discourage* the impression that Hilda was a paid escort,
contributing to the confrontation.


[...snip...]
The conclusion: if you bring a female friend to a free/open source software
event, you have to give every other person a verbose explanation about her
profession and how you met. █




⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣍⠻⢿⣿⣿⡖⠈⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⣿⣿⠋⣠⣶⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⢃⣴⣿⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣋⣻⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠖⢺⣿⣿⣿⡷⠏⡏⠉⠉⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡼⢻⣿⣿⣛⠿⠇⠶⣿⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⠏⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⠻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠐⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠈⣹⣧⣤⣶
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣶⣿⠞⠁⣿⠿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⡤⢾⣿⠀⠆⠸⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢀⣼⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡿⠛
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣴⡞⡟⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⢠⡟⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⡤⢽⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾
⢸⣿⣧⣩⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣟⣧⡔⣩⣶⣿⠏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣷⠿⣃⢴⣷⣿⣶⣦⡂⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠖⢸⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢀⡀⡿⢯⡯⠭⣿⠅⣽⡿⣿⠀⠀⡿⣿⣿⣯⠷⢼⣿⣾⣥⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⡟⠛⠻⠿⠿⠒⢹⣿⣯⣾⠟⠁⠀⢸⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣌⠋
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡏⠀⠀⣾⡿⢻⣸⣿⢿⢟⣧⣸⠀⠀⣿⣮⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣁⣉⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣛⣻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠛⠂⢠⣴⣿⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⡇⠀⠀⣣⢀⣴⣿⣿⠀⠾⣿⢿⠀⠀⠿⡿⣽⣿⡅⣾⣿⠿⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠑⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⢀⣶⡇⠀⠀⣿⣾⣷⡏⠛⡀⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡿⣯⣿⢿⣟⣽⣿⠀⠀⠠⢛⢡⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣶⣯⡄⠀⠀⠈⢶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢨⣾⡟⠙
⣿⡟⣛⣿⣟⣻⠟⢀⣾⡇⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⡇⠠⡤⢙⠿⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡼⣷⡸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⠘⠩⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢧⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢇⡀
⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡧⠮⠜⠦⠀⣀⣂⣈⣲⣤⣤⣤⠅⢱⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢛⣛⣛⣋⣩⣭⣭⣭⣥⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣬⣭⣶⣶⠄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠰⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣡⣬⣭⣭⣭⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⢥⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣩⣭⣥⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠋⢘⣛⣩⣭⣭⣭⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀
⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠋⡉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠩⣭⡌⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠀⠀⢄⠀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢠⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⣉⠉⡩⠀⠀⠀⢄⢀⠄⠀⡀⠐⡄⠀⣀⣸⠀⠀⠇⠀⣦⣤⠀⢠⣤⡇⠀⡇⠀⠶⠤⣼⣷⡆⠀⢰⣶⡇⠀⡄⠘⣿⣮⣾⣿⣦⣄⠀⢀⠀⣀
⣤⣬⣭⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠤⢀⡄⢠⠀⣴⣄⠀⡴⠀⠀⣿⠇⠀⠀⢠⠃⢸⡀⢀⣿⣺⡇⢀⡅⠀⡇⢀⣀⣼⠀⣆⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⣸⣿⡇⠀⡏⠰⠶⠀⣸⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⠀⢠⣤⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣷⣶⣶⣇
⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠈⡇⠸⢀⡆⢸⠀⠋⢰⠀⠛⢠⠃⣠⡄⢸⠀⣧⢀⣸⣆⣈⣀⣼⣿⣿⣇⣀⣠⣼⣧⣤⣤⣿⣤⣿⣤⣤⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⡰⠖⢀⣿⣯
⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣆⠀⣷⣶⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⠿⠖⣶⣿⣏
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⢿⡟⢹⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢟⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⢀⣀⠈⢿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠣⢸⣧⣼⣿⠁⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡾⡯⡿⣏⣿⣿⣿⢶⣥⣟⣍⣿⣿⣟⣞⣿⢫⢳⣫⡹⡽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠻⡿⠛⣻⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣾⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣾⣾⣶⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢼⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡙⡿⢳⢿⡻⣻⣿⡻⣟⣿⣿⣿⡟⢽⡳⡛⣻⢛⢛⣿⣻⡟⢿⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢋⣩⡉⠻⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣧⣯⣿⣼⣿⣽⣼⣿⣽⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⣿⣮⣧⣇⣿⣹⣧⣷⣎⣮⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⣉⣁⣤⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠠⠬⢭⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣸⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣍⢿⣿⣿⣍⢻⣿⣿⢩⣭⣭⡙⣿⣿⡟⣿⠻⣟⢻⣿⣿⢛⠟⡻⢟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣙⣓⣂⣀⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡻⣿⣿⣷⡝⠿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣷⣿⣬⣯⣾⣿⣿⣼⣧⣮⣾⣽⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣹⣿⡿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣔⢶⣶⣦⣬⠻⣯⣭⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⢝⠉⡿⠹⠏⡭⣝⢝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠈⠋⢉⣽
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣦⡻⣿⣿⣷⣜⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢀⣦⡀⠙
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣭⣭⣥⣬⣭⣍⣛⣦⣹⣿⣿⣸⣸⢿⣷⡹⣿⣿⡿⣭⢿⣿⡏⠻⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⡋⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠠⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢀⠠⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣤⣤⣷⣸⣿⣿⣿⡟⣉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣋⡁⢀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠙⠐⠀⠀⣸⣿⡿⢿⣷⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣨⣉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⠄⣽⡿⡍⠙⡿⠶⠆⠿⠿⠁⠨⠿⢿⡏⢠⠛⠛⣉⣙⠋⢻⣿⠁⣀⡁⠀⢿⣿⣿⣽⣟⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣙⠳⣾⣙⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠁⠙⠻⣿⠟
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠐⠚⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠠⣶⢶⣿⡾⠾⠿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠀⠐⡶⡿⣷⢰⣞⣔⣒⣬⠉⠈⠀⡴⣷⣿⡄⠈⠋⠀⠉⠙⠷⠜⢋⣁⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠭⣽⣤⣿⣿⣶⣿⠹⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠀⠏⠉⠀⠀⠀⢐⠘⠛⢿⠀⠀⡞⢻⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠫⣽⣿⡿⠻⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⢠⠐⣉⣀⠁⣾⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⣨⡽⣿⡯⠿⠿⢿⣿⣄⣼⣿⣿⢪⣿⡇⠀⠈⠙⢶⠀⣀⣿⣿
⠠⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠠⣠⠈⢠⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠙⠄⣴⡄⢀⡐⣿⡚⡟⠻⡟⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠁⢀⠋⣀⣀⡀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⡆⠀⠀⢂⣀⣈⣉⠙
⠂⠞⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣴⣤⣴⣿⣤⣀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⡹⠀⠀⠀⠲⠃⠀⠀⡰⢂⡿⠦⠼⣦⣾⠏⠵⠓⣣⣠⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠿⠟⠓⡄⠀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣿⣁⠀⠀⢿⠿⠿⣿⡇
⠀⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠉⢡⡄⠈⠀⠘⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⠀⠀⠉⠁⠡⣠⡄⣽⣏⠠⣀⣠⣿⣹⣿⡀⠊⠁⠀⢤⣤⣴⡶⠄⠂⠀⠁⢰⢴⣿⣿⠃⢿⣿⣿⣿⣖⠀⡶⢷⣶⣿⣿
⢹⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣵⠀⠀⠀⢈⣠⠀⢃⠀⢸⢿⣧⣻⣿⡟⡜⠻⢿⣿⣿⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠑⠛⠅⢿⢿⣿⠿⣦⣥⣭⠿⠟⣯
⢨⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⡀⣌⠏⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⠈⢿⣿⠀⢀⢸⡿⣿⠈⠻⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠈⠁⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣻⣶⣱⣀⣜⠃⠀⠀⠈⠙
⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⣶⠟⡸⠐⡈⠀⣾⣿⠀⠀⠈⢿⡇⠘⡞⠤⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠸⠁⠀⠕⠳⡿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠷
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠨⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠒⠛⢰⠡⠃⢀⡼⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢾⣄⢺⠘⡛⢗⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡾⠆⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⠆⠈⠹⠷⢇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣆⠀⠂⠛⠲⡄⠀⠀⣋⣉⣉⠡⠀⢶⢠⣤⣈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣩⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠐⢂⡉⡀⠄⠀⠉⠲⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣊⠀⠀⡠⢾⣇⣀⣀⣹⢗⣿⣿⣲⣿⡆⠙⠩⣡⡤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠄⠃⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠐⢻⠏⠀⠏⣴⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣐⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠶⠿⠂⠉⠛⡿⠫⣿⡿⣿⡋⠉⢄⣋⢓⣾⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠨⠀⠀⠁⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠄⠠⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⢻⡇⠀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀⣠⣤⣤⣭⣉⣁⣥⠈⠑⠢⠅⠋⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠁⠀⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠙⠛⠛⠻⠯⢖⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 729

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Incinerated_workers_Debian_unhealthy_culture.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Incinerated_workers_Debian_unhealthy_culture.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Incinerated workers & Debian unhealthy
culture⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Digitally_created_graphic_of_a_blue_business_graph_chart.⦈_


Reprinted with permission from Daniel_Pocock.


In June, a worker at the Caterpillar factory fell_into_a_tank_of_molten_iron
and_was_instantly_incinerated. Health and Safety inspectors were quick to
determine that the lack of guard rails was an obvious factor in the death.


Earlier this year I explored the huge_volumes_of_email_experienced_by_Frans_Pop
before_the_Debian.Day_suicide. Like the Caterpillar forge, debian-private and
Debian in general lacks guard rails.


Thinking about the Shaya_Potter_incident_in_1998, I decided to do the same
thing that I did for Frans Pop and chart the email volumes on debian-private in
the twelve months leading up to Potter's mistakes.


Potter appears to be quite a brilliant developer. Reading through his history,
I could only empathize with his story. Potter was selected for an elite
internship at the Naval Research Laboratory while still in the middle of high
school. Back in 1995, the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) had selected twenty
high school students to spend a week at the Australian Defence Force Academy
(ADFA) in Canberra. They_gave_us_nice_certificates.


I wanted to know more about Potter's story: what really happened here? So I did
the same thing that I did for Frans Pop. Here is the chart, it shows that email
volumes on debian-private were already quite high, up to 800 messages per month
and the average monthly quantity of emails was steadily growing at the time
that Potter made these mistakes. There is a lack of guard rails.


        🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇debian-private, Shaya Potter, 1998, Debian⦈


The chart shows us a gradually increasing burden on Potter and all the other
volunteers. In September 1998, at the time Potter made these errors of
judgment, he would have been returning to school for a new academic year.


Volunteers are placed under great pressure to keep the debian-private emails
secret. Even the existence of debian-private is not supposed to be mentioned.


This created a bizarre contradiction: Shaya Potter's supervisor in the Navy
would have been totally unaware of the debian-private workload, a burden on
Potter and other volunteers that continues 24 hours per day, 7 days per week.
Yet there is a small group of employers, including Google and Mark_Shuttleworth
at_Ubuntu, who have a full copy of all these emails. This is another case where
the guard rails have been forgotten.


If these debian-private emails were hidden from Potter's employer then it
implies that the employer, the US Navy, is a victim and Debian culture is the
problem. How can any employer anticipate a healthy work/life balance when some
of their workers are secretly participating in debian-private 7 days per week?
This is another lack of guard rails.


At this time, Potter had sent 247 messages to debian-private. His employer was
unlikely to know about this workload.


Looking more closely at the archives, I noticed many occasions where other
volunteers CCd Potter on emails to debian-private. Potter was subscribed to the
mailing list. Adding him on CC implies an extra sense of urgency. There are 216
messages on debian-private archive where Potter's personal name is included in
the To or CC field. Yet Potter was a teenager on an internship. Was it
appropriate for adults in other companies to escalate these discussions to an
underage developer? Once again, there were no guard rails.


In some cases I see Shuttleworth's name on CC for the same emails. Shuttleworth
walked away with a $US575_million_payoff. Potter, one of the first underage
developers, was subject to defamation, gossip and anti-semitism (evidence to
follow). The debian-private archive, a cesspool of defamatory emails about
Potter and other volunteers, has been made available to every new Debian
Developer in the last twenty years, long after Potter was gone. Why?


Many of the discussions in the period from 1996 to 1998 concern the birth of
the Debian Free Software Guidelines and alternative philosophies about
intellectual property. Some of the emails advocate progressive and even radical
alternatives to copyright. When underage developers are exposed to thousands of
messages about these topics, before they have been fully educated about
traditional copyright, how can we expect them to fully understand what is right
and wrong? If these discussions were hidden on debian-private, how could
Potter's employer know what he was exposed to?


In particular, 1998 was the year when Debian Developers were drafting_a
constitution_that_emphasized_(s3.2(1))_that_developers_are_volunteers_without
payment. Effectively, the constitution tells developers that our work is not
worth paying for. In that case, if young developers entering our profession are
made to feel they have to work for free, is it unusual to find they are both
unwilling and unable to pay for software downloaded from third parties? █




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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⡆⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⠇⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⢻⡇⣿⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⡿⢿⡇⣿⠛⣿⢸⡯⢻⡇⣿⡿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⠃⣿⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⠀⢸⢸⡿⢻⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⠀⣿⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⠀⣿⢸⡟⢻⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⢹⡇⣿⠀⣿⢸⡇⠈⡇⡇⠀⢸⢸⡇⠘⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠇⡇⠀⠘⢸⠁⠸⡇⣿⠀⣿⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⠟⣿⢸⡇⠘⡇⣿⠀⢸⢸⠇⠀⡇⡇⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠁⡏⠀⢸⢸⠁⠘⡇⣿⠛⣿⢸⡟⢻⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢿⡇⣿⠀⢹⢸⠇⠀⠃⡏⠀⠈⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⡟⠀⢻⢸⠇⠘⡇⣿⠈⣿⢸⡿⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢻⡇⣿⠃⣿⢸⡇⠘⡇⡟⠀⠘⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⡿⣿⡻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣴⣵⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡏⣹⣟⠍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣾⣷⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⡟⡽⡝⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣛⣿⣯⣽⣿⣾⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣗⣫⣣⣂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣛⣿⣭⣽⣷⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡃⠀⠀⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡃⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣟⠀⠀⢨⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢻⡻⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣽⣿⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣟⣿⣯⣽⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠛⠛⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⠉⢹⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢟⢏⢏⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⠉⢹⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣯⣾⣷⣥⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⠉⢹⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢹⣝⠍⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢙⣿⣿⡿⢯⣻⣿⣿⢿⣽⢿⣿⣿⢟⡻⣿⣿⡿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠿⣛⢿⣿⣿⡟⡽⣿⣿⡿⢫⣻⣿⣿⠿⡙⣿⣿⣿⡟⡛⣿⣿⡿⠯⣻⣿⣿⠿⡽⣿⣿⡿⢏⡛⣿⣿⣿⢫⣻⣿⣿⢿⢽⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⣮⣿⡿⢫⢷⣥⣿⠟⡽⣷⣿⣿⢿⢻⣷⣿⡿⣋⣿⣾⣿⠿⢟⢮⣼⣿⢟⡻⣮⣿⡿⡛⢷⣵⣿⠟⢟⣮⣼⡿⢿⡻⣯⣿⡿⡻⣳⣵⣿⢟⢟⣮⣼⡿⢿⡻⣯⣿⡿⡛⢷⣽⣿⠟⢟⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠿⡃⣳⣿⣿⢏⡛⣮⣿⡿⣙⢲⣼⣿⠿⡣⣧⣿⣿⢏⢙⣾⣿⡿⣝⢴⣼⣿⠿⡃⣣⣿⣿⢟⢘⣾⣿⡿⣙⢳⣼⣿⠿⡣⣧⣿⣿⢏⢙⣾⣿⡿⡉⣳⣿⣿⢯⡣⣦⣿⡿⢟⢘⣾⣿⡿⣙⢳⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 923

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_March_15_2024.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_March_15_2024.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Friday, March 15,
2024⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Pile_of_large_cut_logs⦈_


                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_


                                              #techrights_log                                                                                           #boycottnovell_log


                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_


                                         #boycottnovell-social_log                                                                                        #techbytes_log


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The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights
contain all the text.


                          Enter_the_IRC_channels_now




⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢰⢤⣀⠀⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡭⢒⣙⣿⢖⣿⣿⣛⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣋⣸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣟⠂⠀⠀⠁⡿⡏⠂⢩⠿⣿⡿⢽⠟⡛⣧⢟⢿⣛⣿⣿⣛⡻⣿⢟⣼⡿⡱⠉⠀⢀
⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠈⠂⠘⠛⠘⠇⢤⣄⡀⠘⠯⡀⢀⡙⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⢿⡯⣿⣿⡋⠉⠰⠈⣁⣳⣄⣀⢠⢌⠀⠁⠀⢈⠈⠀⠐⠀⣖⣸⣯⠌⠿⠟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢈⣤⠀⠈
⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⢀⡔⠆⠿⢃⣽⣦⣰⣷⣮⣭⡀⠈⠁⠈⢙⡁⠛⣶⢾⢿⣾⣿⣻⡿⢿⢳⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠰⠯⢔⣿⠅⠘⠑⠠⣄⠀⢃⡶⠩⠀⠀⠀⠸⡣⡶⠓⣷⣆⣚⣿⣿⡟⢻⣻⡟⢨⣽⣶⡷⠁
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢛⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠣⠗⠁⢰⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠿⢻⣟⣸⣏⠛⢿⣿⣿⢽⣿⠛⠁⢈⣛⣿⠿⡇⢀⠄⠃⠀⢀⣐⢗⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⡐⠾⠅⢝⡃⢈⡴⠐⣃⠙⢟⡣⠐⢠⡄
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠷⠾⠋⡻⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠎⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⠖⠑⣶⣤⠗⢀⣦⡍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠟⠿⣷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠘⠂⠘⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠠⠀⢿⠑⠜⢗⡀⠈⠘⠁⣁⡀⠈⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠀⠀⠀⠄⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣂⣾⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⣷⣽⡋⠁⠠⠀⠚⠋⡅⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠠⣆⠀⡀⣐⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠒
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠰⠄⠀⠀⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢶⣿⡿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣴⣧⣥⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⠶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢦⢀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠐⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣠⣀⡀⠁⢤⠀⢤⡎⠀⡀⠈⣀⣀⣀⡀⠈⠟⠟⠋⠙⠉⠚⠁⠊⠣⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣶⢒⣿⣧⣘⣟⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⣀⣠⣄⣀⣶⣀⣀⣀⠀⢬⣥⣏⠈⠉⠒⠈⠀⠄
⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣷⣌⠉⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠠⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣍⠋⠉⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠈⠀⢈⣀⣀⣀⣤⣿⣿⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡻⣿⣿⣷⣮⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠉⠙⠻⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⡿⡯⣿⣛⠛⢿⣿⣟⣟⡿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⠗⠀⠀⠤⢠⡀⣄⣤⣆⡉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠘⣻⣛⣿⣿⢿⣟⣿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠈⠙⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣭⣵⡖⣫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣔⠺⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⡿⢯⣿⡿⠽⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢿⣷⣦⠘⡿⠿⠿⠛⢙⣿⣿⣆⣉⣁⣤⣔⠀⠀⢛⣎⠀⢈⣠⣴⣾⣿⣦⣀⡀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠐⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⠐⡛⢿⢭⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠩⠶⠀⠀⠂⠀⠛⢿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠛⠿⠁⠀⠒⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢈⣤⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠙⠂⠀⠉⢽⣽⣽⠂⢐⣿⣟⠿⢿⠂⠙⣁⣈⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢰⡀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⡄⠿⠋⠉⢁⣈⣭
⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣴⡂⠽⡷⠟⢛⠟⠽⠉⠚⠃⠉⢻⠟⠉⠠⢤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣈⡀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⢰⣭⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠇⠈⠀⠀⠐⠲⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣹⡁⢸⡿⠀⠑⢠⣐⣒⠾⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⠛⡻⣯⠯⠻⢛⣛⠯⣫⡝⠞⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢟⠿⣷⠀⠛⠛⠋
⢿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⡙⠃⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⠇⢀⣿⠄⢨⡬⠻⣿⣷⣻⣶⣫⡌⠸⠿⠆⠾⠙⠳⠚⠙⠋⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣶⡾⣿⡒⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣘⠋⠍⠉⠙⠓⠂⠐⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣛⢛⠛⢳⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣡⠾⠄⠀⢇⠂⠀⠀⠈⢿⠋⢸⣿⡟⣠⣿⠁⠀⠠⠀⠐⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⢫⡹⣿⣿⣿⢻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄
⠀⢄⡀⢼⣀⣀⣰⣈⣀⣴⣾⢿⢁⠀⣠⣼⠃⢀⣀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠙⢿⠃⢽⠏⢀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠴⠶⠿⠟⢻⣿⡰⡟⣿⣿⠌⢿⣾⣿⣿⣏⣿⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢄⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶
⠉⠝⠓⠚⠙⣿⢻⣟⢻⣛⣿⡿⢻⡟⢻⡓⢦⣿⣾⣧⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢚⣦⠛⢧⠑⠾⣿⠆⢸⡧⣿⣿⣿⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⣅⣺⣇⣼⣟⣿⣧⣾⣯⠈⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⢤⣶⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⢻⠄⡒⡄⡈⣿⡧⠹⠓⠈⠉⣀⣨⢿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⣄⢀⣬⣿⣿⣾⣿⢻⠱⣫⣿⣿⣽⡄⣿⢏⡾⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢿⣷⣦⣰⣶⣾⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⢶⣶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⡖⠾⠉⠩⠆⣈⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⣽⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢂⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠁⣸⣳⣎⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣧⣦⣤⣄⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1146

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Open_Invention_Network_OIN_Fails_to_Explain_If_Linux_is_Safe_Fr.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Open_Invention_Network_OIN_Fails_to_Explain_If_Linux_is_Safe_Fr.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Open Invention Network (OIN) Fails to
Explain If Linux is Safe From Microsoft's Software Patent Royalties
(Charges)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024,
updated Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Keith_Bergelt⦈_


AS already noted this morning in a quick_teaser, today we deal with OIN because
the silence at OIN has been deafening for about a year if not much longer
(maybe 3 years; their press releases haven't been visible in years). You always
expect firms to show off what they do, but what about OIN? We never hear
anything from or about it unless we dig very deep. They have a CMO (M for
marketing), but hardly any marketing.


So what does OIN do anyway? Issue press releases [1, 2] like this latest one?


I sought clarity on this matter and we checked a number of essential points,
pertaining to recent developments when it comes to Microsoft, Linux, and
software patents.


Before publishing this article we've attempted to give OIN an opportunity to
explain. Keith_Bergelt has not replied to queries on this very important
matter. Is there peace or a settlement? As in acceptance Microsoft will be paid
for patents covering "Linux"... but not "too much"...?


Bergelt knows me very well. We talked on the phone several times in the past
(long calls) and exchanged words quite a lot over E-mail. It was about a decade
ago when OIN seemed very active and was very visible. Has it chosen to keep low
key and maintain a low profile since then? If so, why?


A long time ago Bergelt shed some light on what patents Microsoft was asserting
against "Linux" (kernel and beyond is what he meant by that term). And over the
telephone he mentioned that the patent royalties were about FAT.


What has happened since then? What about exFAT? The patents aren't expired yet
and they're an example of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) issuing
software patents in spite of 35 U.S.C. § 101/Alice (SCOTUS) just to make more
money.


Over the past decade I've trusted OIN less and less each year. Because like the
Linux_Foundation, over time they drifted more and more away from Linux and the
Tux logo, instead becoming closer to Microsoft and always prioritising one
thing: money! OIN is "Big Business" now. Like the LOT Network, it aims for LOTS
of money and there are even staff overlaps, as we demonstrated here in the
past.


OIN brought Microsoft onboard and helps relay the "loves Linux" lie. To be
clear, OIN is not against software patents. It came from companies that serve
themselves, not Linux, and the first CEO came from a top lobbyist for software
patents, which also notoriously hoard loads of patents in the US and still goes
after companies, essentially extorting them using such patents. They extol the
virtues of patents covering algorithms while belittling if not ridiculing their
critics, i.e. most software developers.


Why is Red Hat shilling Microsoft every other day in its official blog?


Microsoft is not our friend, it was trying to make billions of dollars per year
by blackmailing OEMs, including Android OEMs, using software patents, sometimes
settling on them preloading (i.e. bundling) Microsoft apps (spyware) in
exchange for legal "peace". We last covered it 3 years ago in_this_long_series.


In a more recent example, Microsoft wanted to shove exFAT into the core of
Linux. Theodore Tso, still stalked and abused (often defamed) by Microsofters,
objected to this, citing patent aggression by Microsoft.


What ever happened with that?


That's the subject we explore today.


This very old page says: "The Extended File Allocation Table (exFAT) File
System Specification was developed by Microsoft, and is protected by multiple
patents, including US Patent Number 2009/0164440 A1. All implementations of the
exFAT File System, included [sic. including] those based on open source code
(such as Linux, Android, FATfsor [sic] other), are subject to royalty payments
to Microsoft. This means that if you develop and ship a product that
incorporates any functionality covered by the exFAT patents, regardless of
where the code comes from, you are obligated to pay royalties in advance of
shipment in order to comply with Microsoft’s licensing terms."


It says "Embedded Access is a partner of Microsoft and is authorized to collect
exFAT royalties on their behalf without requiring you to sign a Microsoft
agreement or to make payments directly to Microsoft. We offer a simple and
economical way to keep your products legal. Contact sales@embedded-access.com
for more details."


You don't hear about this in the media, do you? They sell exFAT licences as "a
partner of Microsoft" (quoting the above).


Some deal, eh?


An associate explains that businesses should be using EXT2 instead for
technical reasons as well, but there seems to be an ideology that they must
find expensive options instead.


In IRC, psydruid said that "the issue also lies with devices that "must" work
with technically obsolete Microsoft operating systems, but they could at least
add ext2/ext4 as an additional option for storage."


If you search for "ExFAT" in the USPTO's 'site' (more like a web app,
JavaScript chaos), the results cover 18+ pages!


As a followup to the ExFAT topic, we have taken another look at the time
Microsoft_promised_to_turn_the_patents_over_to_OIN (but as far as we know never
actually did). Was this an empty promise to fool the chumps? As we need to
check if that happened, and nobody knows except the OIN, we first checked OIN's
site because the Wikipedia page does not provide evidence of any transfer to
OIN aside from a vague promise from Microsoft to do so at some unspecified
future date. See_"606": "This project aims to provide a full-featured exFAT
file system implementation for Unix-like systems. It consists of a FUSE module
(fuse-exfat) and a set of utilities (exfat-utils)."


"Not Found", the_link_says, and the corresponding Git_repo says GPL2.0, not 3.0
(the latter deals with patents).


We've cloned the repo... and...


$ git log | grep -i patent | wc -l
0
Their COPYING file is merely a paste of the GPL v2. That does not cover
software patents.


So if the patents are protected by the OIN, the world has not been notified.


searching Google for site:openinventionnetwork.com exfat brings nothing.


So we waited, checked again, and ended up reaching out for information before
writing on this issue. I asked the CEO of OIN, who has extensive history
corresponding with me and talking with me. He got my message, it did not
bounce.


So what has taken this long? Can he not give me a reassuring answer? I'm all
ears, in case he wishes to correct me some time later.


To be clear, I used to talk to OIN back when it still seemed to care about
Linux (as did the Linux Foundation), but as an associate put it: "The OIN seem
to have become co-opted over the years as they have become increasingly pro-
software patent and increasingly blind to their ineffectuality against NPEs."


That's another thing. They ended up settling with patent trolls, leaving their
patents in tact (to fight against other entities, not GNOME).


Checking their US_portfolio, an associate went through all four pages and
nothing stands out. Nothing about exFAT. I decided to double-check, as it's a
short list of only 40 patents, even less:


                       🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇OIN Just 36?⦈


We're led to just guess the main exFAT patent might expire in 2027, but should
it not be challenged in the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) using an inter
partes review (IPR)?


Here, like with OOXML, as per the above URL, Microsoft charges money (derived
from exFAT for licensing) and Linux is being used to perpetuate this racket. In
our view, that is not acceptable.


To quote OIN's description of itself from this past week's press release:


     About Open Invention Network


     Open Invention Network (OIN) is the largest patent non-aggression
     community in history and supports freedom of action in Linux as a key
     element of open source software (OSS). Patent non-aggression in core
     technologies is a cultural norm within OSS. The litmus test for
     authentic behavior in the OSS community includes OIN membership.
     Funded by Google, IBM/Red Hat, NEC, Philips, Sony, SUSE, and Toyota,
     OIN has more than 3,800 community members. The OIN patent license and
     member cross-licenses are available royalty-free to any party that
     joins the OIN community.


So they say nothing at all about software patents. It's just some conglomerate
for cross-licensing and you need to join this 'racket' to qualify. That's not a
solution, except if you're IBM or one of the other large companies.


We need real solutions. We need to protect Free software. OIN is nnot the
solution and it probably never was. █




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⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣵⡞⢷⣾⣼⣷⣿⣿⣆⣄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢺⣿⣆⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⡊⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⢠⡁⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢀⣽⣯⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢄⠠⣄⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣶⣷⣿⣗⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⢠⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣟⠉⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠗⠨⠖⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⠧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡿⠛⠀⠈⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣄⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⡄⣠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⠐⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣰⣦⣈⣀⣠⠀⣸⣿⡀⠀⠀⠠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⠀⠸⡇⣹⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠈⡀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢠⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣛⣥⡿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⠀⣸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠃⣺⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣬⣭⣍⣉⣁⣀⣉⣁⣠⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠰⠋⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢻⡯⠩⠢⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⡄⠁⠨⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⢀⣀⡄⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡇⠀⠀⠀⠜⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡿⠃⠀⣼⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⠿⠃⠀⠈⠁⠀⡀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣯⠿⠇⣆⢿⠿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⡏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⠀⠈⠈⠹⠆⢹⣿⠇⠀⢰⢇⣸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⠃⡀⢈⣬⣭⣩⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⠀⠀⣾⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⡧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣉⠁⢬⣭⠁⣀⣠⣾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢀⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣧⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠀⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠏⠛⣿⣿⡿⠀⠈⠃⢰⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣶⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⢿⡷⢿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⢀⣴⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡾⠋⠁⠀⠀⢀⠄⣠⡾⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢷⡆⣀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣲⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠠⣣⡞⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣲⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⡴⣣⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣟⣛⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣵⣟⣀⣰⣃⣈⣒⣴⣿⣉⣵⣞⣁⣠⣾⣫⣾⣿⣃⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡿⡻⡻⠻⡛⢛⠿⠟⠟⠟⠛⠟⠻⠿⠻⠻⠿⠻⡏⣻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⣿⢻⡛⠛⣿⣿⠟⠻⣟⠿⡿⠿⡿⠟⢿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⡟⠿⣿⣿⡿⠻⠟⢿⣿⣿⡛⠛⡟⠿⠿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢻⡿⠿⡟⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣷⣦⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣬⣬⣴⣤⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣶⣥⣮⣦⣼⣴⣦⣶⣤⣥⣼⣥⣴⣥⣤⣮⣴⣤⣼⣤⣼⣭⣴⣤⣾⣶⣾⣦⣴⣤⣧⣶⣮⣬⣵⣴⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣵⣴⣼⣤⣤⣧⣬⣭⣥⣤⣬⣤⣷⣥⣤⣭⣥⣴⣥⣴⣤⣧⣤⣭⣦⣦⣧⣽⣮⣴⣭
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⣦⣬⣵⣵⣷⣴⣥⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣭⣩⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣭⣏⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣝⣉⣉⣹⣍⣉⣹⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣽⣍⣹⣉⣋⣙⣏⣉⣩⣏⣫⣏⣯⣉⣭⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣏⣻⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣋⣉⣩⣽⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⡲⠒⠖⠒⠒⠒⢲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣬⣤⣤⣤⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⢭⠭⡭⠭⠭⠭⠭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⣴⣦⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣧⣦⣴⣿⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣾⣴⣦⣥⣼⣦⣤⣴⣤⣾⣦⣴⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣧⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⢒⢒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒
⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣤⣴⣦⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣩⣛⣅⣍⣩⣇⣉⣩⣍⣙⣩⣽⣽⣽⣁⣫⣹⣅⣡⣍⣩⣘⣠⣫⣍⣋⣭⣗⣭⣭⣫⣭⣩⣅⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1445

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posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024,
updated Mar 16, 2024


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        🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Microsoft and Open Invention Network (OIN)⦈


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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1520

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux
Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Barbed_wire_fence_supported_by_driftwood_logs_line_the_ocean
shore_in_North_Maui,_Hawaii⦈_


⚓  Updated This Past Day⠀⇛


   1. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛


           How to Connect Any Video Game Controller to Your Android phone


   2. ⚓ statCounter:_GNU/Linux_on_Almost_1_in_10_Finnish_Laptops/Desktops
      [original]⠀⇛


           As per this month's numbers from statCounter


      ⚓  New⠀⇛


   3. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Android 14 QPR2 on Pixel redesigns App battery usage settings


   4. ⚓ today's_leftovers⠀⇛


           5 for now


   5. ⚓ Web_Browsers_and_Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software⠀⇛


           FOSS of Web nature


   6. ⚓ Programming_and_Standards_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Programming mostly


   7. ⚓ Audiocasts/Shows:_Linux_in_the_Ham_Shack,_FLOSS_Weekly,_and_More⠀⇛


           3 new episodes


   8. ⚓ Lobbying_by_Linux_Foundation_and_FSF-EEE,_Cyber_Resilience_Act
      Exemptions⠀⇛


           Some news from Europe mostly


   9. ⚓ Askiing_Whether_Linux_is_Virus-Free_and_New_Windows_TCO_Tales⠀⇛


           Mostly Windows TCO


  10. ⚓ Open_Hardware_and_Right_to_Repair_News⠀⇛


           hacking made easier


  11. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛


           many more howtos


  12. ⚓ My_new_System76_Thelio_is_hands-down_the_best_desktop_PC_I've_ever
      tested⠀⇛


           I recently retired my old Thelio desktop, and instead of
           getting something new, opted for the latest iteration of the
           same thing


  13. ⚓ Maps_and_GNOME_46⠀⇛


           It's that time again, a new GNOME release is just around the
           corner


  14. ⚓ IPFire_2.29_-_Core_Update_184_released⠀⇛


           We are celebrating the next release of IPFire


  15. ⚓ PipeWire_1.0.4_Is_Here_as_a_Massive_Bugfix_Release⠀⇛


           PipeWire 1.0.4 debuts with vital bug fixes, enhancing audio/
           MIDI latency and ensuring smoother media handling


  16. ⚓ LXD_5.21.0_LTS_is_now_available⠀⇛


           The stable release of LXD, the system container and VM manager,
           is now available


  17. ⚓ How_to_Move_Columns_in_LibreOffice_Calc_[Tutorial]⠀⇛


           A basic guide explaining how to move columns in LibreOffice
           Calc.


  18. ⚓ Mozilla_Introduces_Unique_Social_Media_Experiment:_Didthis⠀⇛


           "Didthis" - a new way of sharing your daily activities in a
           concept of social media, brought to you by Mozilla.


  19. ⚓ digiKam_8.3_Automatically_Tags_Images_Using_Deep_Learning_Neural
      Network⠀⇛


           digiKam 8.3 open-source, free, and cross-platform advanced
           digital photo management application is now available for
           download as a major release that introduces new features and
           fixes numerous bugs and issues.


  20. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛


           half a dozen howtos


  21. ⚓ Red_Hat_Leftovers⠀⇛


           mostly puff pieces this time


  22. ⚓ Games:_Rust_(Game)_Server_on_GNU/Linux,_RimWorld,_and_More⠀⇛


           8 stories for gamers


  23. ⚓ Mekotronics_D58_embedded_computer_features_6_HDMI_outputs_for_video
      walls_or_mirrored_displays⠀⇛


           The company shot a video demo in Android


  24. ⚓ Sparky_7.3⠀⇛


           The 3rd update of Sparky 7 – 7.3 is out


  25. ⚓ Collections_Of_Best_Free_Linux_Software⠀⇛


           Only free and open source software is eligible for inclusion


  26. ⚓ Move_VirtualBox_VM_to_Another_Computer_[Tutorial]⠀⇛


           It’s super easy to move a VirtualBox VM image to another
           computer or drive. Here’s how.


  27. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛


           Some of the latest articles


  28. ⚓ Open_Hardware_With_Arduino⠀⇛


           a couple of new stories


  29. ⚓ Security_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Security links aplenty


      ⚓  New⠀⇛


  30. ⚓ Adventures_on_the_quest_for_long-term_reproducible_deployment⠀⇛


           Rebuilding software five years later, how hard can it be?


  31. ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_Projects_and_News⠀⇛


           3 new ones


  32. ⚓ Microsoft_Bricking_Windows-Running_PCs,_Fixing_Critical_Holes_Too_Late,
      Putting_All_the_Money_(and_Cards)_on_Hyped_Startup_That_Loses_Lots_of
      Money⠀⇛


           3 new sttories


      =========================================================================
      The corresponding text-only bulletin for Friday contains all the text.
      Top-read articles (excluding bot/crawler visits):


                          Span from 2024-03-09 to 2024-03-15
      1686 /n/2024/03/04/Linux_Crosses_4_Market_Share_Worldwide.shtml


      1502 /n/2024/03/10/
           Linux_Kernel_6_8_Officially_Released_Here_s_What_s_New.shtml


      1065 /n/2024/03/13/
           Fear_Uncertainty_Doubt_Shifting_Focus_to_Linux_1_2_Days_After_M.shtml


      992  /n/2024/03/12/Web_Browsers_Speedometer_and_Firefox.shtml


      972  /n/2024/03/13/Security_Leftovers.shtml


      928  /n/2024/03/12/
           KDE_Plasma_6_0_2_Improves_Night_Color_Discover_Plasma_Wayland_a.shtml


      903  /n/2024/03/12/Kdenlive_24_02_0_released.shtml


      899  /n/2024/03/13/That_s_It_Africa_is_All_Android_Now.shtml


      878  /n/2024/03/13/
           statCounter_Sees_More_GNU_Linux_Than_Windows_in_Albania.shtml


      876  /n/2024/03/13/
           OBS_Studio_30_1_Released_with_AV1_Support_for_VA_API_PipeWire_C.shtml




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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⡃⠀⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⣀⠂⣀⢂⠐⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠠⠀⡧⣡⡀⠅⠀⣄⡀⠠⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠄⠀⠤⠤⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠐⠂⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⡂⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠡⠀⠢⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀
⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡁⠀⢁⣀⠀⠀⡀⠁⠀⢈⣿⡭⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣮⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢇⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣸⠟⠋⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠃⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1828

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Security_Leftovers.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Security_Leftovers.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Security
Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Electric_Heating_Artificial_Fire⦈_


    * ⚓ Pen Test Partners ☛ Navigating_the_perilous_waters_of_conference
      invitations⠀⇛


           TL:DR Being asked to speak at events is great …except when it
           looks like a scam or a phishing attempt


    * ⚓ Ubuntu_Responds_to_More_libde265_Vulnerabilities⠀⇛


           Recently, the Ubuntu security team released updates aimed at
           mitigating libde265 vulnerabilities across several releases,
           including Ubuntu 23.10, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS,
           Ubuntu 18.04, and Ubuntu 16.04. These vulnerabilities pose
           significant risks, including denial of service attacks and
           potential execution of arbitrary code when specially crafted
           files are opened.


    * ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Thursday⠀⇛


           Security updates have been issued by Debian (chromium and
           openvswitch), Fedora (chromium, python-multipart, thunderbird,
           and xen), Mageia (java-17-openjdk and screen), Red Hat (.NET
           7.0, .NET 8.0, kernel-rt, kpatch-patch, postgresql:13, and
           postgresql:15), Slackware (expat), SUSE (glibc, python-Django,
           python-Django1, sudo, and vim), and Ubuntu (expat, linux-ibm,
           linux-ibm-5.4, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-5.4, linux-
           lowlatency, linux-raspi, python-cryptography, texlive-bin, and
           xorg-server).


    * ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ FCC_approves_cybersecurity_label_for_consumer
      devices⠀⇛


           The U.S. Cyber Trust Mark aims to provide consumers with a
           better understanding of the security of their Internet of
           Things devices.


    * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Chrome’s_Standard_Safe_Browsing_Now_Has_Real-Time_URL
      Protection [Ed: Chrome itself is unsafe, however, as it is practically
      spyware]⠀⇛


           Chrome’s standard Safe Browsing protections now provide real-
           time malicious site detection and Password Checkup on iOS now
           flags weak passwords.


    * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Cisco_Patches_High-Severity_IOS_RX_Vulnerabilities⠀⇛


           Cisco releases patches for high-severity denial-of-service and
           elevation of privilege vulnerabilities in IOS RX software.


    * ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ FedRAMP_acting_director_Conrad_to_step_down⠀⇛


           Brian Conrad, the acting director of the FedRAMP cloud security
           program, has led several modernization initiatives over the
           last three years.


    * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Boat_Dealer_MarineMax_Hit_by_Cyberattack⠀⇛


           MarineMax, one of the world’s largest retailers of recreational
           boats and yachts, discloses a cyberattack. 


    * ⚓ NHS_Scotland_hit_by_‘ongoing’_cyber_attack_amid_fears_hackers_have
      stolen_patients’_personal_data⠀⇛


           A Scots health board has been hit by an ongoing cyber attack.


           Hackers targeted NHS Dumfries and Galloway and may have
           accessed patient data.


           Staff have been urged to stay alert for any attempts to access
           their information.


           The “focused” attack is being probed by Police Scotland and the
           National Cyber Security Agency.




⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠟⠛⠻⠿⠿⠟⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⢀⣀⣶⡅⠂⠀⠀⢀⣤⣀⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣾⣿⣷⣶⠂⠠⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡴⠚⠛⠛⢿⣿⣷⠀⠀⣠⣶⠀⠀⡤⠀⢢⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⠄⡠⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⠿⠉⠉⢿⣆⡀⠀⣿⣿⡛⠛⠉⢹⣿⣷⡀⠀⢀⣤⢽⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⢻⣶⠟⠛⠓⢦⣤⣠⠅⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠁⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⣸⣿⡿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠙⢻⣷⣄⠀⣀⣤⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡇⠀⠂⠀⠀⡐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⠿⢿⣿⠟⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠟⠓⠿⣿⣇⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠀⣿⣿⠟⠟⠿⣿⣿⣦⠤⣠⣴⣿⣷⣶⡶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⡀⠉⠙⠿⢫⣼⣿⣛⣀⠀⢀⣀⣤⠀⢀⠈⠁⢀⣀⣴⣦⣀⠀⠀⢀⠈⢉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠂⠚⠀⠁⠭⠅⠁⠈⠛⠉⠁⠁⠁⠄⠀⠓⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢠⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣷⣆⣀⣦⣾⣿⣷⣿⣶⣤⣦⣤⣶⣶⣦⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡏⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠏⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣋⣀⣃⣀⣐⣍⣙⣋⣀⣀⣀⣰⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣰
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1972

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Teaser_Patent_Bait_and_Switch.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/03/16/Teaser_Patent_Bait_and_Switch.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ [Teaser] Patent Bait and
Switch⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


Software patents are still a threat_to_Linux. Don't be misled (or fooled) into
thinking OIN solves this. IBM et al give a false impression of calm while
lobbying for software patents and partnering with Microsoft.


          🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇It's safe, I swear in my momma's life⦈


Article coming soon. We just wait for OIN's CEO to respond.




⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣾⣧⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⣷⣼⣥⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡟⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⠻⣿⣟⠟⣯⣏⣏⣹⣯⣛⣞⣨⣼⣯⣯⣿⣿⣼⡿⠋⡰⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣭⣈⡩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣶⣶⡶⢿⠾⢯⣿⣟⣛⡛⠛⠻⣂⠘⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣴⣤⣙⠻⢿⡄⢻⣿⣷⣾⣷⣭⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⠤⠄⠘⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣌⡀⢿⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣼⠇⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⢧⣤⣬⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢉⠁⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠃⠰⠀⠀⠨⠿⠟⠟⠋⠴⡿⢃⣸⣷⡆⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣜⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣵⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣜⣭⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠏⣱⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⠷⣽⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣭⢟⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2020

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 16/03/2024: gplaces in Flathub
and the Scroll Protocol⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Winter_Penguin_Art_Print⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
                # Software_Releases/Announcements
                # Programming
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding_—_ACFHMST_Wordo:_FARER⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Frames_Of_Reference-_Chapter_10⠀⇛


                       I’m sitting at my usual booth in the Carl’s Jr.,
                       away from the prying eyes of the strangers who stop
                       in off the Interstate, downing the usual- egg
                       protein slithers down my throat, reinforcing my
                       muscles. I consider how these calories are going to
                       affect me. Can’t overthink trivial details like
                       that. Not today. Check my watch. 8:03 A.M.


                # ⚓ Frames_Of_Reference-_Chapter_11⠀⇛


                       Horrible dream. As with all the bad ones, you feel
                       as if you’ve had it before.


                       Verwus stands tall and gaunt like an emperor
                       skeleton over a table of implements, jagged metal
                       which flashes in some kind of strobe display, mist
                       is circling around him, clouds of smoke rise from
                       the floor, his arms are outstretched toward his
                       sides and he’s breathing heavily, you can feel the
                       unhinged mania raining off him.


                # ⚓ Frames_Of_Reference-_Chapter_12⠀⇛


                       I’m looking at her face again, even if my focus
                       should be on the road. Even so, I know the drone of
                       the engine and the soft purple hum of the overhead
                       light will get me drowsy. I need some visual
                       ephemera to pace myself. Before us, the streaks of
                       resilient yellow paint designating the meridian
                       flash past like pages in a flipbook, unremarkable
                       reminders of the nation’s infrastructure, the Corps
                       of Engineers, Roosevelt’s New Deal, troops of men
                       out here to paint the landscape with their brash
                       obsidian serpent, which they subsequently named
                       Highway 50.


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ gplaces_in_Flathub⠀⇛


                       I'm not exactly sure what I think about Flatpak and
                       Flathub.


                       On the one hand, packaging and package maintenance
                       is a huge burden for distro developers. The
                       dominance of systemd, Wayland, GNOME and Electron
                       pushes for isomorphism (in the sociological sense)
                       and distros today are not as different as they used
                       to be. This means, lots of effort is wasted,
                       especially when all the distros that ship a certain
                       application place it under /usr, don't carry any
                       patches, use glibc, and so on. A reliable cross-
                       distro package manager makes life easier for both
                       developers and users.


                       But, on the other hand, the Flatpak SDK is
                       essentially 80% of a separate distro, stuffed in a
                       chroot environment: it's huge, and the
                       responsibility (and authority) to push security and
                       stability fixes is more centralized than ever. In
                       some sense, this "vendor-neutral distro" is a
                       single point of failure. In addition, Flatpak
                       supports what many consider to be erosion of free
                       software UI, through CSD, per-application GTK+
                       themes, etc'. Flatpak brings applications closer to
                       the lowest common denominator among distros, and
                       that means the SDK contains older libraries, uses
                       the default GTK+ theme, and so on.


                # ⚓ Improved_gplaces_Flatpak⠀⇛


                       Gemini doesn't have strong presence on Flathub and
                       I hoped to see more variety there after my
                       submission of gplaces: at the time, Flathub offered
                       only one or two Gemini clients. Although it's not
                       exactly the ideal platform for distribution of
                       minimalistic software, it's still a good way to
                       reach more people (on more distros) and spread the
                       message. I finally found the time to improve the
                       gplaces Flatpak, and I hope this would improve the
                       user experience for Gemini newcomers that discover
                       it through Flathub and gplaces.


                       First, the Flatpak runtime is (finally) bumepd from
                       22.08 to 23.08. If I'm not mistaken, 23.08 is more
                       common these days, and you're more likely to have
                       it already if you use Flatpak. gplaces is a very
                       odd creature in Flatpak land: the gplaces
                       executable is about 100K, but it can pull many MBs
                       of runtime if it's the only Flatpak on your system
                       that uses 22.08.


                # § Software Releases/Announcements⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Announcing_the_Scroll_Protocol [Ed: Microsofter
                        trying to replace Gemini and Gopher+]⠀⇛


                             I want to announce a new project I am working
                             on, called the Scroll Protocol.


                             The Scroll Protocol is a new document-
                             retrieval protocol on port 5699, inspired by
                             Gemini and Gopher+. One of its primary
                             focuses is on quality-of-life additions,
                             particularly internationalization. It adds
                             more metadata to responses, the ability to
                             request pages in a specific language, and a
                             new metadata/abstract request, similar to
                             Gopher+'s metadata request. It tries to offer
                             a power-to-weight balance by providing basic
                             metadata and relational data in documents
                             with minimal effort and additions.


                # § Programming⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Looping_backwards⠀⇛


                             If you have C-style for loops, here's a nice
                             variant: "i starts from n and goes to zero."


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2206

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 16/03/2024: Grid-based
Distances and Google Stealing Other Technical Projects'
Names⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Three_tree_stumps_reaching_out_over_the_lake⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Science
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
                # Programming
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ Nationwide⠀⇛


                       Since the last entry I have been nationwide. I have
                       been to see Niagara Falls on the American side. The
                       deep south, the midwest, the northeast, the west
                       coast, etc. A standout was hanging out with country
                       music fans in the Finger Lake region of upstate New
                       York. Rural is very similar all across this
                       country. People who blanket generalize great swaths
                       of the US are typically only really referring to
                       urban centers.


                # ⚓ Woolf_through_the_door_📚⠀⇛


                       I ordered a copy of Leonard Woolf's childhood
                       autobiography. I was curious about how a late
                       Victorian upbringing of privilege had led to anti-
                       colonialist lefty-ism. It only came through my door
                       today, so I haven't read it yet, except for the
                       page at the front that lists Woolf's other books.
                       Under the heading "History and Politics" it lists
                       worthy but dull titles like "Socialism and Co-
                       operation" and so on. Then in the same section
                       comes:


                       Quack, Quack!


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Determining_Time_From_First_Principles_-_Update_1⠀⇛


                       In my journal post "Winter Nights New Year Oath -
                       Determining Time From First Principles" from back
                       at the end of October, I wrote about making 4
                       pledges involving figuring out what time it was
                       from first principles rather than relying on
                       clocks.


                # ⚓ Physics:_Reflections_of_Light_on_Glass_Sheets⠀⇛


                       I have toyed with the idea of explaining
                       observations of everyday physics for quite some
                       time, so let me just start. This post features two
                       pictures of reflections of light in a modern
                       window. I hope to point out, what can be learned
                       from these simple observations.


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ Grid-based_Distances⠀⇛


                       Anyways, which algorithm to use will depend on the
                       context. Roguelikes may use round field-of-view
                       (FOV) as it "looks best", see e.g. Brogue, though
                       Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup switched at some point to
                       a square FOV. Concerns here revolve around minor
                       but maybe tactically significant points like
                       whether diagonal moves "cost more" to make; that
                       is, whether the game is more realistic or more like
                       chess where a Bishop move does not involve the
                       square root of two.


                # ⚓ google_using_names_of_pre-existing_things⠀⇛


                # § Programming⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Emacs:_Completion_And_Function_Bundles_(publ._2024-
                        03-15)⠀⇛


                             Something has worked very well for me, due to
                             the rapidity of calling commands through
                             fuzzy completion, is to wrap simple tasks in
                             Emacs functions with descriptive names. This
                             is particularly convenient due to the
                             availability of the shell-command and async-
                             shell-command functions, which allow me to
                             call any command that I would normally call
                             in a shell.


                      # ⚓ Python_question:_argv_in_main()?⠀⇛


                             Since I apparently refuse to use Stack
                             Overflow, can somebody please let me know
                             which of the following approaches is more
                             idiomatic in Python?


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2351

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 16/03/2024: Science, Health, and
Censorship⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Leaves_On_Log⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Education
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
          o Security
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Copyrights
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ University of Michigan ☛ UMich_researchers_develop_first
                  stem_cell_model_that_resembles_early_human_nervous_system⠀⇛


                       A team of scientists at the University of Michigan,
                       Weizmann Institute of Science and the University of
                       Pennsylvania recently developed the first full
                       model of the early embryonic central nervous system
                       using stem cells.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Scientists_Identify_The_World's_First
                  'Unconventional'_Superconductor_Found_in_Nature⠀⇛


                       It's real after all.


          o § Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ Sciences_Po_director_resigns_as_scandals_again
                  rock_top_French_university⠀⇛


                       An elite French university was dragged into the
                       national spotlight on Wednesday as its director
                       quit over alleged domestic violence and a pro-
                       Palestinian demonstration sparked accusations of
                       anti-Semitism.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Trenz_Electronic_Eval_Board_with_Adaptive
                  AMD_Versal_SoC_and_High-Speed_I/Os⠀⇛


                       Trenz Electronic presents the TE0950-03-EGBE21A, an
                       evaluation board incorporating the AMD Versal Hey
                       Hi (AI) Edge VE2302 System-on-Chip.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Expert_Reveals_What_Intermittent_Fasting
                  Could_Be_Doing_to_Your_Brain⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Breakthrough_Therapy_Obliterates_Deadly
                  Brain_Tumor_in_Days⠀⇛


                       A glimmer of hope.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Denying_Your_Medical_Care_is_Big_Business
                  in_America⠀⇛


                       Insurance companies have weaponized a seemingly
                       benign process to protect their profits, and it’s
                       putting patients at risk.


                # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ Biology_department’s_new_findings_link
                  spinal_cord_injuries_to_reproductive_system_dysfunction⠀⇛


                       A researcher at the university’s Brain Health and
                       Research Institute has made unique discoveries
                       about the spinal cord and its connection with the
                       reproductive system.


                # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_women_can_expect_to_live_ten_years_longer
                  than_men⠀⇛


                       Eurostat confirmed March 14 that Latvia has the
                       largest life expectancy gap between men and women
                       in the whole of the European Union.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ Commission_welcomes_political
                  agreement_on_European_Health_Data_Space⠀⇛


                       European Commission Press release Brussels, 15 Mar
                       2024 The Commission welcomes the political
                       agreement reached today between the European
                       Parliament and the Council of the EU on the
                       European Health Data Space (EHDS) - one of the
                       central building blocks of a strong European Health
                       Union.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ 7_dead,_27_injured_after_suspected
                  gas_explosion_at_restaurant_in_northern_China⠀⇛


                       A large suspected gas explosion at a building in
                       northern China has left at least seven people dead
                       and dozens more injured, state media reported
                       Thursday.


                # ⚓ YLE ☛ Investigators_identify_likely_cause_of_Lapland_hostel
                  fire⠀⇛


                       The Safety Investigation Authority (Otkes) adds
                       that smoke alarms may not have been triggered
                       because the blaze started outside the main
                       building.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Social_Security_and_Medicare_Are_on_the
                  Ballot⠀⇛


                       Biden has a plan. Trump doesn’t but could wind up
                       gutting those programs.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Scientists_Discovered_a_'Fear_Switch'_in
                  The_Brain,_And_How_to_Turn_It_Off⠀⇛


                       This could have huge benefits.


                # ⚓ PHR ☛ Staggering_Levels_of_Violence_Against_Health_Workers
                  in_Gaza_Warrant_Investigation_and_Accountability:_PHR⠀⇛


                       Nearly 1,000 reported attacks on health care
                       workers, facilities, and other infrastructure in
                       the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT) since
                       October 7 warrant immediate investigations and
                       accountability, Physicians for Human Rights (PHR)
                       said today.


          o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Yahoo News ☛ Apple_reaches_$490_million_settlement_over_CEO
                  Cook's_China_sales_comments⠀⇛


                       Apple agreed to pay $490 million to settle a class-
                       action lawsuit that alleged Chief Executive Tim
                       Cook defrauded shareholders by concealing falling
                       demand for iPhones in China.


          o § Security⠀➾


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Privacy International ☛ Revised_Draft_of_the_WHO
                        Pandemic_Agreement_falls_short_on_human_rights⠀⇛


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_police_raid_Korea_Aerospace
                  office_over_suspected_fighter_jet_tech_leak⠀⇛


                       South Korean police raided the head office of Korea
                       Aerospace Industries (KAI) on Friday in connection
                       with two Indonesian nationals accused of leaking
                       technology related to a fighter jet project, a
                       police official said.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_to_host_third_democracy
                  summit_with_digital_threats_on_agenda⠀⇛


                       South Korea is poised to host the third Summit for
                       Democracy next week, taking up a U.S.-led
                       initiative aimed at discussing ways to stop
                       democratic backsliding and erosion of rights and
                       freedoms worldwide.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ U.S._commandos_train_for_the_unexpected
                  in_North_Korea's_shadow⠀⇛


                       U.S. special operations troops in South Korea are
                       training and preparing for unexpected threats at a
                       time when global crises are more interconnected
                       than ever, their commander said during an exercise
                       this week.


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ North_Korea's_Kim_drives_newly_developed_battle
                  tank_during_launch_drill⠀⇛


                       North Korean leader Kim Jong Un joined his troops
                       in training to operate newly developed battle tanks
                       as he called for bigger efforts to prepare for war,
                       state media reported Thursday.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Brazil_eyes_exports_via_China-
                  controlled_Chancay_port,_Peruvian_minister_says⠀⇛


                       Brazil is interested in exporting soy, corn and
                       other products through Peru's China-controlled
                       Chancay port, Peruvian Economy Minister Jose Arista
                       said on Thursday, according to state news agency
                       Andina.


                # ⚓ YLE ☛ Taxi_drivers_gather_to_remember_crash_victim_in
                  Tampere_Central_Square⠀⇛


                       A middle-aged taxi driver lost his life after a
                       Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) vehicle hit the back
                       of his taxi while he was stopped at a red light in
                       Tampere.


                # ⚓ YLE ☛ NBI:_200_recent_asylum_seekers_missing⠀⇛


                       The number of missing asylum seekers has increased
                       in recent months.


                # ⚓ YLE ☛ Finland_to_host_Nato_research_centres⠀⇛


                       Nato’s Defence Innovation Accelerator for the North
                       Atlantic (Diana) has decided to set up two test
                       centres and an accelerator in Espoo and Oulu.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Taiwan_Is_Building_a_Satellite_Network
                  Without_Elon_Musk⠀⇛


                       The island democracy urgently needs an internet
                       backup. Mr. Musk’s total control over his Starlink
                       service, which dominates the market, left Taiwan
                       wary.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ RFA ☛ China_props_up_state-owned_developer_Vanke_as
                  property_crisis_deepens⠀⇛


                       Beijing makes rare intervention as it allows
                       insolvent private real estate firms to go bankrupt.


                # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ CBDCs_will_need_to_work_across_borders.
                  Here_are_the_models_exploring_how_to_do_it⠀⇛


                       These innovative models reflect a clear realization
                       in the both the public and private sector— as CBDCs
                       become a part of the financial landscape, there
                       needs to be a mechanism to interchange them across
                       borders.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ For_Gen_Z,_Facebook_(Farcebook)_Is_a
                  Marketplace⠀⇛


                       For a generation that loves thrift-shopping,
                       Facebook (Farcebook) isn’t a place to socialize
                       online — it’s the best place to score some deals.


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Florida_governor_activates_state_guard_in
                  preparation_for_Haiti_migrants⠀⇛


                       Florida Governor Ron DeSantis announced via X
                       (formerly Twitter) on Wednesday over 250 officers
                       and soldiers will be stationed at the Florida Keys
                       and southern waters in preparation for a surge of
                       migrants from Haiti.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ China_authorities_apologize_for_blocking
                  journalists_from_reporting_on_explosion_in_Hebei_Province⠀⇛


                       The Deflagration Accident Disposal Headquarters of
                       Hebei Province, China, issued a statement on
                       Thursday apologizing for blocking media
                       correspondents from reporting on an explosion that
                       occurred in a four-story building located in Hebei
                       Province, near Beijing, China, while pledging to
                       actively establish a robust communication platform
                       with the media and protect journalists’ rights.


                # ⚓ RFA ☛ Hong_Kong_blasts_criticism_of_its_Article_23_security
                  law⠀⇛


                       Under the bill, likely to pass next week, any
                       criticism of the authorities could be regarded as
                       sedition.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_court_upholds_Tiananmen
                  vigil_organisers’_convictions_over_national_security_data
                  request⠀⇛


                       A Hong Kong court has upheld the convictions of
                       three activists over their refusal to comply with a
                       request for information issued by the city’s
                       national security police.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Article_23:_Hong_Kong_seeks_to
                  tighten_‘absconder’_measures,_and_empower_leader_to_draft_new
                  laws⠀⇛


                       The Hong Kong government has proposed amendments to
                       its draft homegrown security law which could impose
                       stricter measures against “absconders” and empower
                       the city’s leader to draft subsidiary legislation.
                       Officials read out the proposed revisions to the
                       Safeguarding National Security Bill at the
                       Legislative Council’s Bills Committee on Thursday.


                # ⚓ OpenRightsGroup ☛ Extremism_guidance_attacks_our_freedom_of
                  expression⠀⇛


                       Open Rights Group has responded to the government’s
                       announcement that it will update the definition of
                       extremism used by government departments and
                       officials.


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ [Repeat] Hong Kong Free Press ☛ US-funded_news_outlet_Radio
                  Free_Asia_to_withdraw_from_Hong_Kong_–_reports⠀⇛


                       US funded-news outlet Radio Free Asia (RFA), which
                       had been accused of being “anti-China” by Beijing-
                       backed newspapers, is set to withdraw from Hong
                       Kong, local media have reported citing sources.


                # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Guardian_to_defend_Noel_Clarke_reporting_as
                  true_and_in_public_interest⠀⇛


                       Alleged victims of Noel Clarke could give evidence
                       to "vindicate" The Guardian's journalism.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Reddit_users_defend_person_who_locked_parents_and
                  pregnant_sister_out_of_home:_‘I_tip_my_hat_to_you’⠀⇛


                       A Reddit user who refused to babyproof the house
                       and instead restricted parents and a pregnant
                       sister to the in-law suite did nothing wrong, other
                       Reddit users declared online.


                # ⚓ ACLU ☛ "We_Do_No_Such_Thing":_What_the_303_Creative
                  Decision_Means_and_Doesn't_Mean_for_Anti-Discrimination_and
                  Public_Accommodation_Laws⠀⇛


                       Can a bakery that objects to marriage equality
                       refuse to sell a cake to a gay couple for their
                       wedding? This question, or some variant thereof,
                       has occupied courts even before marriages for same-
                       sex couples were legally recognized. In June 2023,
                       in 303 Creative v. Elenis, the Supreme Court
                       addressed this question in a case asking whether a
                       wedding website design business could refuse to
                       design websites for weddings of same-sex couples.
                       The court ruled for the business. But properly
                       understood, the decision does not license
                       discrimination; it merely recognizes that where a
                       business will not provide a particular product or
                       service to anyone, it has the right to refuse it to
                       a gay couple. That exception should not apply to
                       most applications of anti-discrimination laws,
                       which require only equal treatment, and do not
                       require businesses to provide any particular
                       service or product. As I explain in more detail in
                       this Yale_Law_Journal_article and as we argue in
                       this model_brief, 303 Creative does not create a
                       First Amendment right to discriminate.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ APNIC ☛ NTP_Pool:_The_Internet_timekeeper⠀⇛


                       Guest Post: How does the NTP Pool map clients to
                       NTP servers and how can it be improved?


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o § Copyrights⠀➾


                # ⚓ Public Domain Review ☛ Flemish_Proverbs_by_Jan_Wierix_(ca.
                  1568)⠀⇛


                       Haunted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, these
                       visualisations of proverbs look backward to
                       uncertain origins.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2852

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 16/03/2024: TikTok Issues and
Censorship Stories⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Mar 16, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Lost_Cap⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
          o Security
    * Defence/Aggression
    * Transparency/Investigative_Reporting
    * Environment
          o Energy/Transportation
    * Finance
    * AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
    * Censorship/Free_Speech
    * Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
    * Civil_Rights/Policing
    * Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
    * Digital_Restrictions_(DRM)
    * Monopolies/Monopsonies
          o Patents
          o Trademarks
          o Copyrights
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ James G ☛ Perception⠀⇛


                 For better or worse, one of the markers of a successful
                 day is being able to look back and say "I made this!"
                 That may be a blog post, a coding project, or having been
                 able to help someone else with a project on which they
                 are working. I write a lot; sometimes thousands of words
                 in a day. In amongst all that writing, I often forget
                 what I have done after the day is over. I think about
                 what I made today, not the aggregate of what I made in
                 the last week, or the last month. When I think about the
                 last month of writing, my mind is fuzzy; it is about
                 what's next, rather than what happened last week.


          o ⚓ RIPE ☛ Enhancing_Email_Delivery_at_the_RIPE_NCC⠀⇛


                 Since February 2024, we have been making changes to the
                 way we deliver email to our members and community. Two of
                 the large email providers, Google and Yahoo, have new
                 requirements for bulk email senders that we need to
                 comply with so we can be sure that our email is delivered
                 to members by these companies.


          o ⚓ India Times ☛ How_‘fraud’_refund_schemes_on_TikTok,_Telegram_are
            costing_Amazon_and_others_billions_of_dollars_-_Times_of_India⠀⇛


                 Retailers like Amazon are facing a sophisticated enemy:
                 organised refund fraud gangs. According to a report by
                 CNBC, these groups, operating like illicit businesses,
                 exploit generous return policies, causing significant
                 financial losses. Their weapon of choice? Social media
                 platforms like TikTok, Reddit, and Telegram. A recent
                 Amazon lawsuit sheds light on this shadowy online world.


          o ⚓ Cory Dransfeldt ☛ Building_a_reactive_website⠀⇛


                 No, not that kind. I'm thinking of the indie web kind
                 we're seeing lately. The kind that incorporates content
                 from around the web that the creator of the site cares
                 with and engages with. I find this to be complementary to
                 the popular and well-explained POSSE concept. I've
                 adopted this approach to populating numerous parts of my
                 site, written using Eleventy, via frequent rebuilds.


          o ⚓ James G ☛ Spring_cleaning⠀⇛


                 As I started to think about all these projects -- and the
                 associated domain name expenses, as many had their own
                 websites -- I pondered: which of these are important?
                 And, furthermore: which of these are important, but could
                 be simplified? Could something be a page on my main
                 website instead of being a subdomain? Could I use another
                 service instead of hosting my own?


          o ⚓ Alex Sirac ☛ [Article]_101_blog_posts_ideas_for_your_personal
            website_–_Alex⠀⇛


                 Inspired by James’s recent lists of 100 things you can do
                 on your personal website, here’s a list of 100 blog posts
                 you can write. They’re based on enthusiasm for blogging
                 and writing, not SEO or career advancement like so many
                 of these lists are.


                 I didn’t want to say content so I said blog post, but
                 obviously, if you’re more of a video, podcast, static
                 page or whatever else type of person, nearly everything
                 still applies!


                 I also want to make it very clear, before we start, that
                 you don’t need to have an active blog to be part of the
                 personal web. A simple landing page with a way to contact
                 you is a personal website. There is no pressure.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ $35_SONOFF_POW_ring_smart_power_meter_
                  (POWCT)_safely_supports_up_to_100A⠀⇛


                       SONOFF POW Ring smart power meter is the first CT
                       clamp-based WiFi power meter from ITEAD. It is
                       designed for installation in an electric cabinet to
                       measure whole-house power consumption with up to
                       100A current. The power meter relies on an ESP32
                       microcontroller for control and wireless
                       connectivity with a range of up to 130 meters
                       thanks to an external high-gain antenna. It is
                       supported by the usual eWelink mobile app that also
                       enables integration with Surveillance Giant Google
                       Home, Amazon Alexa, and IFTTT services, and ITEAD
                       also mentions integration with the Home Assistant
                       open-source framework.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Glow_Plug_Turned_Metal-Capable_3D_Printer
                  Hotend⠀⇛


                       At this point, most readers will be familiar with
                       fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers, and
                       how a plastic filament is pushed through a heater
                       and deposited as liquid through a nozzle. Most of
                       us also know that there are a huge variety of
                       materials that can be FDM printed, but there’s one
                       which perhaps evades us: you can’t load a spool of
                       metal wire into your printer and print in metal, or
                       at least you can’t yet. It’s something [Rotoforge]
                       is working on, with a project to make a hot end
                       that can melt metal. Their starting point is a
                       ceramic diesel engine glow plug, from which they
                       expect 1300 C (2372 F).


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ TOPS,_The_DIY_Robot_Dog,_Has_Great_Moves⠀⇛


                       We love [Aaed Musa]’s TOPS (Traverser of Planar
                       Surfaces) which is a robot dog with custom-made
                       actuators. The DIY is very strong with this
                       project, and the 3D-printed parts alone took a
                       whopping three weeks to print!


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ You_Should_Seriously_Think_About_Eating
                  More_Python,_Scientists_Say⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ New_EPA_Rule_to_Cut_Ethylene_Oxide_Emissions
                  From_Sterilization_Facilities⠀⇛


                       The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on
                       Thursday issued a rule to slash toxic emissions
                       from commercial sterilization facilities that have
                       posed an increased lifetime cancer risk to
                       residents who live near them. These facilities
                       release fumes of ethylene oxide, labeled by the
                       agency as “one of the most potent cancer-causing
                       chemicals.”


                       Ethylene oxide, a flammable, colorless gas, is used
                       to sanitize medical and dental equipment to reduce
                       the risk of infection, and fumigate certain food
                       products. Long-term exposure to ethylene oxide can
                       cause irritation of the eyes, skin, nose and throat
                       as well as damage to the brain and reproductive
                       system.


                # ⚓ EFF ☛ Location_Data_Tracks_Abortion_Clinic_Visits._Here’s
                  What_to_Know⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ “Island_of_Access”:_VP_Harris_Visits_MN
                  Abortion_Clinic_in_Historic_First_Amid_Growing_Restrictions⠀⇛


                       In what is believed to be the first time a
                       president or vice president has publicly toured an
                       abortion clinic, Vice President Kamala Harris
                       visited a Planned Parenthood location in Saint
                       Paul, Minnesota, on Thursday. The visit was the
                       latest in a nationwide tour by Harris to highlight
                       reproductive rights. In her remarks outside the
                       clinic, she lauded Minnesota’s efforts to protect
                       abortion rights in the face of what she describes
                       as a “very serious health crisis,” with restrictive
                       laws and outright abortion bans in more than a
                       dozen states. Clinics in Minnesota have seen a
                       drastic rise in appointments for reproductive
                       healthcare as one of the last remaining access
                       states in the region, says our guest Megan
                       Peterson, who adds that it is “really important”
                       that the Biden team not take pro-abortion voters
                       “for granted.” Peterson is the executive director
                       of Gender Justice Action, a reproductive rights
                       group working in Minnesota and North Dakota. We
                       also speak to professor Michele Goodwin, who calls
                       the consequences of state-level abortion bans since
                       Dobbs v. Jackson a “trail of horrors” that are
                       “antithetical” to science, health and human rights.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ AI_'Ghosts'_Could_Be_a_Serious_Threat_to
                  Mental_Health,_Expert_Warns⠀⇛


                       After all, resurrecting a deceased loved one might
                       seem miraculous – and possibly more than a little
                       creepy – but what's the impact on our health? Are
                       AI ghosts a help or hindrance to the grieving
                       process?


                       As a psychotherapist researching how AI technology
                       can be used to enhance therapeutic interventions,
                       I'm intrigued by the advent of ghostbots. But I'm
                       also more than a little concerned about the
                       potential effects of this technology on the mental
                       health of those using it, especially those who are
                       grieving.


                       Resurrecting dead people as avatars has the
                       potential to cause more harm than good,
                       perpetuating even more confusion, stress,
                       depression, paranoia and, in some cases, psychosis.


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ TikTok_Fined_in_Italy—$11M+_Fine_for
                  Harm_to_Minors⠀⇛


                       Just a day after the U.S. House passed a resolution
                       to force ByteDance to divest from TikTok or face a
                       ban—TikTok was fined by Italy’s consumer protection
                       authority.


                       The AGCM fined TikTok €10 million ($11M+) following
                       an investigation into how its algorithm works. The
                       investigation opened last year after a trend called
                       the ‘French Scar’ challenge went viral. The
                       challenge showed users posting videos with marks on
                       their faces made from harshly pinching their skin.
                       The AGCM sanctioned three companies for ‘unfair
                       commercial practice’—ByteDance, TikTok Technology
                       Limited (Ireland), TikTok Information Technologies
                       (UK), and TikTok Italy Srl.


                # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Toxic_Dog_vs_Lemon_TikTok_challenge_may
                  not_be_as_funny_as_you_think:_Veterinarian_dishes_obvious
                  truth⠀⇛


                       She underlined the potential dangers of the TikTok
                       trend that could round up a hefty vet bill for dog
                       owners or even worse consequences. She spoke
                       against the ongoing viral trend that has amassed
                       over 20 million views on TikTok. The dangerous
                       challenge has been teaching the dogs to eat off the
                       floor, which could have lethal repercussions,
                       especially if toxic food like raisins, chocolate or
                       an onion remains behind. Citrus fruits contain
                       heavy quantities of sugar, which can cause
                       “vomiting or diarrhoea if consumed in large
                       quantities.”


                # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Foreign_Service_makes_candidate
                  assessment_fully_remote_to_broaden_hiring_pool⠀⇛


                       The Foreign Service is making a switch to virtual
                       assessments for candidates, after figuring out a
                       remote format during the COVID-19 pandemic.


          o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Cyble Inc ☛ AI_Act_Approved:_Europe_Balances_Innovation
                  With_Safety⠀⇛


                       Apart from this, one of the key provisions of the
                       Artificial Intelligence Act is the prohibition of
                       certain AI applications that pose a threat to
                       citizens’ rights. This includes banning biometric
                       categorization systems based on sensitive
                       characteristics, as well as the untargeted scraping
                       of facial images from the internet or CCTV footage
                       to create facial recognition databases.


                       Additionally, the act forbids emotion recognition
                       in workplaces and schools, social scoring,
                       predictive policing based solely on profiling
                       individuals, and AI that manipulates human behavior
                       or exploits vulnerabilities.


                # ⚓ Cyble Inc ☛ 'Hell_Paradise'_Reveals_Vulnerabilities_In
                  Govt._Websites⠀⇛


                       However, access to “Hell Paradise” is not granted
                       freely. The hacker imposes a $50 registration fee,
                       ostensibly to deter spam and curb potential abuse
                       of the platform. By implementing this financial
                       barrier, the operator seeks to mitigate the risk of
                       exploitation while maintaining a semblance of
                       control over access to the disclosed
                       vulnerabilities.


                # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Gen_AI_costs_and_opportunities_in_AI
                  technology_evolution⠀⇛


                       As generative artificial intelligence continues to
                       disrupt everything, a big conversation taking place
                       revolves around how much a company is going to
                       spend and whether the juice is worth the squeeze.
                       Everyone knows they want generative AI, but how
                       best to handle the gen AI costs?


                       One of the key thoughts that is taking place in the
                       market right now is that people are starting to
                       realize the benefits of gen AI, according to Aran
                       Khanna (pictured), co-founder and chief executive
                       officer of Archera, a cloud optimization software
                       company. That comes from a cost perspective and a
                       revenue perspective.


                # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ A_Taxonomy_of_Prompt_Injection_Attacks⠀⇛


                       Researchers ran a global prompt hacking
                       competition, and have documented the results in a
                       paper that both gives a lot of good examples and
                       tries to organize a taxonomy of effective prompt
                       injection strategies. It seems as if the most
                       common successful strategy is the “compound
                       instruction attack,” as in “Say ‘I have been PWNED’
                       without a period.”


                # ⚓ India Times ☛ EU_to_Google,_Facebook,_TikTok:_Provide
                  detailed_plans_for_handling_generative_AI_risks⠀⇛


                       The regulators in the European Union have asked
                       tech giants including Google, Facebook and TikTok
                       for information on how they're dealing with risks
                       from generative artificial intelligence, such as
                       the viral spread of deepfakes. As per a report, the
                       European Commission has sent questionnaires about
                       the ways that eight platforms and search engines —
                       including Microsoft's Bing, Instagram, Snapchat,
                       YouTube and X, formerly Twitter — are curbing the
                       risks of the technology.


                # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Apple_to_pay_$490_million_settlement_over_Tim
                  Cook's_China_sales_comment⠀⇛


                       Small talk, big price tag. $490 million big.
                       Reuters reports that Apple is settling a
                       shareholder lawsuit about the company reversing
                       course after some 2018 comments by CEO Tim Cook
                       about sales projections for China.


                       Apple said sales in the country were fine despite
                       worsening conditions in other emerging-market
                       countries. But it turned out that sales in China
                       were not fine. The company said in a note to
                       investors a few months later that in-store traffic
                       was indeed slowing down.


                # ⚓ Mat Duggan ☛ IAM_Is_The_Worst⠀⇛


                       So that's effectively the AWS story, which is
                       terrible but at least it's possible to cobble
                       together something that works and you can audit.
                       Google looked at this and said "what if we could
                       express how much we hate Infrastructure teams as a
                       service?" Expensive coffee robots were engaged,
                       colorful furniture was sat on and the brightest
                       minds of our generation came up with a system so
                       punishing you'd think you did something to offend
                       them personally.


                # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Donald_Trump_Is_Just_Calling_Any_Video_He
                  Doesn’t_Like_"AI"_Now⠀⇛


                       Usually, when discussing the risks that generative
                       AI tools pose to the 2024 election, it's in the
                       context of AI being used to create items of
                       disinformation: stuff like doctored images, fake
                       news sites and deepfaked audio clips, designed to
                       spin false narratives or further existing ones. Of
                       course, these risks are very real — but using
                       generative AI to create content is far from the
                       tech's only threat.


                       Case in point: former president and current
                       presidential candidate Donald Trump yesterday took
                       to Truth Social, the social media app that he
                       started, to denounce compilations of real videos of
                       himself that he doesn't like as AI-generated fakes.


                # ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ Africa’s_push_to_regulate_AI_starts
                  now_ _ _ _ ⠀⇛


                       Some African countries have already begun to
                       formulate their own legal and policy frameworks for
                       AI. Seven have developed national AI policies and
                       strategies, which are currently at different stages
                       of implementation.


                       On February 29, the African Union Development
                       Agency published a policy draft that lays out a
                       blueprint of AI regulations for African nations.
                       The draft includes recommendations for industry-
                       specific codes and practices, standards and
                       certification bodies to assess and benchmark AI
                       systems, regulatory sandboxes for safe testing of
                       AI, and the establishment of national AI councils
                       to oversee and monitor responsible deployment of
                       AI.


          o § Security⠀➾


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Automakers_Are_Sharing_Driver_Data
                        with_Insurers_without_Consent⠀⇛


                             Kasmir Hill has the story:


                                  Modern cars are internet-enabled,
                                  allowing access to services like
                                  navigation, roadside assistance and
                                  car apps that drivers can connect
                                  to their vehicles to locate them or
                                  unlock them remotely. In recent
                                  years, automakers, including G.M.,
                                  Honda, Kia and Hyundai, have
                                  started offering optional features
                                  in their connected-car apps that
                                  rate people’s driving.


                      # ⚓ Patrick Breyer ☛ EU_Health_Data_Space_on_the
                        finishing_line:_Will_our_health_data_be_shared_across
                        Europe_without_giving_us_a_say?⠀⇛


                             “The right of patients to object to cross-
                             border access to their patient file (Article
                             8F(2)) is in danger of being removed. Any
                             nationally created electronic health record
                             could thus automatically be made available to
                             foreign practitioners, authorities and
                             researchers, among others. This is contrary
                             to the interests and wishes of patients, only
                             a minority of whom, according to a public
                             opinion poll commissioned by consumer
                             organisation BEUC, agree to cross-border
                             access to their patient records. It also does
                             not even come close to doing justice to the
                             sensitivity of the data, which includes
                             records on addictions, mental disorders,
                             abortions, sexually transmitted diseases and
                             reproductive disorders.”


                      # ⚓ The Record ☛ Meta_loses_court_bid_seeking_to_stop_FTC
                        from_reopening_privacy_order⠀⇛


                             Privacy advocates called the ruling a
                             significant victory in a case that could have
                             grave implications for the FTC’s authorities
                             if Meta prevails. The FTC has been attempting
                             to order a blanket prohibition on the
                             platform’s youth data monetization practices,
                             as well as limit its use of facial
                             recognition technology.


                             The judge’s opinion is the latest development
                             stemming from a November lawsuit filed by
                             Meta, which is attempting to block the FTC
                             from moving forward with new restrictions it
                             proposed in May.


                      # ⚓ Wired ☛ Reddit’s_Sale_of_User_Data_for_AI_Training
                        Draws_FTC_Inquiry⠀⇛


                             In a regulatory filing, Reddit said that it
                             received a letter from the US Federal Trade
                             Commision on Thursday asking about “our sale,
                             licensing, or sharing of user-generated
                             content with third parties to train AI
                             models.”


                             The FTC, the US government’s primary
                             antitrust regulator, has the power to
                             sanction companies found to engage in unfair
                             or deceptive trade practices. The idea of
                             licensing user-generated content for AI
                             projects has drawn questions from lawmakers
                             and rights groups about privacy risks,
                             fairness, and copyright.


                      # ⚓ 404 Media ☛ Behind_the_Blog:_TikTok_Ban_and_Pornhub
                        Blocks⠀⇛


                             This is Behind the Blog, where we share our
                             behind-the-scenes thoughts about how a few of
                             our top stories of the week came together.
                             This week, we discuss iterative journalism,
                             security through obscurity, Pornhub
                             abandoning Texas and the TikTok ban.


                      # ⚓ Deccan Chronicle ☛ Phone_tapping_case:_Suspended_DSP
                        to_be_in_police_custody⠀⇛


                             During interrogation, he confessed that on
                             instructions of his superior officers, he had
                             tapped over 10 lakh mobile phones from 2018
                             to 2023 and had on December 4 destroyed most
                             of the audio data from 17 hard disks placed
                             in two war rooms of SIB building, his laptop,
                             pen drives and the war rooms in Rajanna
                             Sircilla and Warangal districts.


                      # ⚓ Patrick Breyer ☛ Open_letter:_EU_lawmakers_call_on
                        Meta_to_scrap_its_‘pay_or_okay’_scheme⠀⇛


                             “Privacy is not a commodity – it’s a
                             fundamental human right that should never be
                             subject to commercial transactions. The ‘pay
                             or okay’ model used by Meta perpetuates
                             inequalities, undermines the very essence of
                             personal security and reinforces unjust
                             systems. Meta’s approach fails to seek
                             genuine consent as required by the GDPR,
                             coercing users into acceptance by making
                             privacy unaffordable. The reason Meta insists
                             in an unlawful consent model is because its
                             business model is dependent on pervasive
                             tracking. We need a true alternative to
                             tracking and targeted advertising, with
                             approaches such as contextual advertising. We
                             urge Meta to scrap its ‘pay or okay’ scheme.”


                  ⚓ Anti-Porn_Clusterfucks:_Pornhub_Blocks_Texas,_Indiana
                  Adopts_Age_Verification⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Record ☛ Senators_propose_a_compromise_over_hot-button
                  Section_702_renewal⠀⇛


                       Sens. Dick Durbin (D-IL) and Sen. Mike Lee (R-UT)
                       proposed a measure to reauthorize and reform
                       Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence
                       Surveillance Act (FISA). The authority, which
                       expires on April 19, is meant to apply to foreign
                       intelligence targets abroad but has come under
                       bipartisan criticism because of its ability to
                       hoover up the communications of U.S. citizens and
                       repeated FBI abuses of the 702 database.


                       What a day. Texas is now the most populated U.S.
                       state to be geo-blocked by Aylo, the parent company
                       of the popular adult tube site Pornhub.com. With a
                       population of barely over 29.5 million people,
                       residents of the Lone Star State must use a VPN to
                       view porn on Aylo’s network of free and premium
                       websites.


                       The geo-block comes after the U.S. Fifth Circuit
                       Court of Appeals ruled that a Texas age
                       verification law targeting pornography was
                       constitutional. The federal case was brought by
                       Aylo, the parent companies of other adult websites,
                       and the Free Speech Coalition.


          o ⚓ Quartz ☛ Pornhub_pulls_out_of_Texas⠀⇛


                 “As you may know, your elected officials in Texas are
                 requiring us to verify your age before allowing you
                 access to our website,” the message reads.
                 “Unfortunately, the Texas law for age verification is
                 ineffective, haphazard, and dangerous. Until the real
                 solution is offered, we have made the difficult decision
                 to completely disable access to our website in Texas.”


                 Pornhub’s sister sites Redtube, Brazzers, and YouPorn are
                 also showing the same message.


          o ⚓ EFF ☛ Thousands_of_Young_People_Told_Us_Why_the_Kids_Online
            Safety_Act_Will_Be_Harmful_to_Minors⠀⇛


                 How young people feel about the Kids Online Safety Act
                 (KOSA) matters. It will primarily affect them, and many,
                 many teenagers oppose the bill. Some have been calling
                 and emailing legislators to tell them how they feel.
                 Others have been posting their concerns about the bill on
                 social media. These teenagers have been baring their
                 souls to explain how important social media access is to
                 them, but lawmakers and civil liberties advocates,
                 including us, have mostly been the ones talking about the
                 bill and about what’s best for kids, and often we’re not
                 hearing from minors in these debates at all. We should be
                 — these young voices should be essential when talking
                 about KOSA.


                 So, a few weeks ago, we asked some of the young advocates
                 fighting to stop the Kids Online Safety Act a few
                 questions:  


          o ⚓ EFF ☛ Analyzing_KOSA’s_Constitutional_Problems_In_Depth⠀⇛


                 Below, we walk through some of the most common criticisms
                 we’ve gotten—and those criticisms the bill has
                 received—to help explain our view of its likely
                 impacts.  


                 First, and most importantly: We have serious and
                 important disagreements with KOSA’s advocates on whether
                 it will prevent future harm to children online. We are
                 deeply saddened by the stories so many supporters and
                 parents have shared about how their children were harmed
                 online. And we want to keep talking to those parents,
                 supporters, and lawmakers about ways in which EFF can
                 work with them to prevent harm to children online, just
                 as we will continue to talk with people who advocate for
                 the benefits of social media. We believe, and have
                 advocated for, comprehensive privacy protections as a
                 better way to begin to address harms done to young people
                 (and old) who have been targeted by platforms’ predatory
                 business practices.  


                 A line of U.S. Supreme Court cases involving efforts to
                 prevent book sellers from disseminating certain speech,
                 which resulted in broad, unconstitutional censorship,
                 shows why KOSA is unconstitutional. 


          o ⚓ EFF ☛ How_to_Figure_Out_What_Your_Car_Knows_About_You_(and_Opt
            Out_of_Sharing_When_You_Can)⠀⇛


                 A car (and its app, if you installed one on your phone)
                 can collect all sorts of data in the background with and
                 without you realizing it. This in turn may be shared for
                 a wide variety of purposes, including advertising and
                 risk-assessment for insurance companies. The list of data
                 collected is long and dependent on the car’s make, model,
                 and trim.  But if you look through any car maker’s
                 privacy policy, you'll see some trends:


                 Surprise insurance sharing is the thrust of The New York
                 Times article, and certainly not the only problem with
                 car data. We've written previously about how insurance
                 companies offer discounts for customers who opt into a
                 usage-based insurance program. Every state except
                 California currently allows the use of telematics data
                 for insurance rating, but privacy protections for this
                 data vary widely across states.


                 When you sign up directly through an insurer, these opt-
                 in insurance programs have a pretty clear tradeoff and
                 sign up processes, and they'll likely send you a physical
                 device that you plug into your car's OBD port that then
                 collects and transmits data back to the insurer.


          o ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Will_Nevada_Kill_End-To-End_Encryption_Next_Week?⠀⇛


                 Last month, we wrote about Nevada’s Attorney General
                 filing an absolutely preposterous, but extremely
                 dangerous, legal filing, demanding that a court bar Meta
                 from offering end-to-end encryption for its messaging
                 apps. Almost everything about this request was crazy.
                 First, Nevada sued Meta, with vague, unsubstantiated
                 claims of “harm to children,” and then it filed a demand
                 for a temporary restraining order, blocking Meta from
                 using encryption, giving the company basically a day to
                 respond.


          o ⚓ EFF ☛ San_Diego_City_Council_Breaks_TRUST⠀⇛


                 Similar to other Community Control Of Police Surveillance
                 (CCOPS) ordinances, the TRUST ordinance was intended
                 to ensure that each police surveillance technology would
                 be subject to basic democratic oversight in the form of
                 public disclosures and city council votes. The TRUST
                 ordinance was fought for by a coalition of community
                 organizations– including several members of the
                 Electronic Frontier Alliance – responding to surprise
                 smart streetlight surveillance that was not put under
                 public or city council review.  


                 The TRUST ordinance was passed one and a half years ago,
                 but law enforcement advocates immediately set up
                 roadblocks to implementation. Police unions, for example,
                 insisted that some of the provisions around
                 accountability for misuse of surveillance needed to be
                 halted after passage to ensure they didn’t run into
                 conflict with union contracts. The city kept the
                 ordinance unapplied and untested, and then in the late
                 summer of 2023, a little over a year after passage, the
                 mayor proposed a package of changes that would gut the
                 ordinance. This included exemption of a long list of
                 technologies, including ARJIS databases and record
                 management system data storage. These changes were later
                 approved this past January.  


                 But use of these databases should require, for example,
                 auditing to protect data security for city residents.
                 There also should be limits on how police share data with
                 federal agencies and other law enforcement agencies,
                 which might use that data to criminalize San Diego
                 residents for immigration status, gender-affirming health
                 care, or exercise of reproductive rights that are not
                 criminalized in the city or state. The overall TRUST
                 ordinance stands, but partly defanged with many carve-
                 outs for technologies the San Diego police will not need
                 to bring before democratically-elected lawmakers and the
                 public. 


          o ⚓ EFF ☛ The_SAFE_Act_to_Reauthorize_Section_702_is_Two_Steps
            Forward,_One_Step_Back⠀⇛


                 You can read the full text of the bill here.


                 While Section 702 was first sold as a tool necessary to
                 stop foreign terrorists, it has since become clear that
                 the government uses the communications it collects under
                 this law as a domestic intelligence source. The program
                 was intended to collect communications of people outside
                 of the United States, but because we live in an
                 increasingly globalized world, the government retains a
                 massive trove of communications between people overseas
                 on U.S. persons. Now, it’s this US side of digital
                 conversations that are being routinely sifted through by
                 domestic law enforcement agencies—all without a warrant.


                 The SAFE Act, like other reform bills introduced this
                 Congress, attempts to roll back some of this warrantless
                 surveillance. Despite its glaring flaws and omissions, in
                 a Congress as dysfunctional as this one it might be the
                 bill that best privacy-conscious people and organizations
                 can hope for. For instance, it does not do as much as
                 the Government Surveillance Reform Act, which EFF
                 supported in November 2023. But imposing meaningful
                 checks on the Intelligence Community (IC) is an urgent
                 priority, especially because the Intelligence Community
                 has been trying to sneak a "clean" reauthorization of
                 Section 702 into government funding bills, and
                 has even sought to have the renewal happen in secret in
                 the hopes of keeping its favorite mass surveillance law
                 intact. The administration is also reportedly planning to
                 seek another year-long extension of the law without any
                 congressional action. All the while, those advocating for
                 renewing Section 702 have toyed with as many talking
                 points as they can—from cybercrime or human trafficking
                 to drug smuggling, terrorism, oreven solidarity activism
                 in the United States—to see what issue would scare people
                 sufficiently enough to allow for a clean reauthorization
                 of mass surveillance.


§ Defence/Aggression⠀➾


    * ⚓ RFA ☛ Experts:_Philippines,_US_should_revisit_treaty_to_include_China’s
      ‘gray-zone’_tactics⠀⇛


           The definition of 'an armed external attack' in the 1951 Mutual
           Defense Treaty needs to be made more clear, observers say.


    * ⚓ RFA ☛ In_race_to_find_missing_fishermen,_China_and_Taiwan_team_up⠀⇛


           Coast guard vessels from both sides are searching for crew of a
           Chinese boat capsized near Kinmen islands.


    * ⚓ JURIST ☛ UK_government_releases_new_definition_of_'extremism'⠀⇛


           The new definition holds that extremism includes the promotion
           or advancement of an ideology based on violence, hatred or
           intolerance, as well as having at least one of three aims. The
           listed aims are to negate or destroy fundamental rights and
           freedoms of others, to undermine the UK’s system of liberal
           parliamentary democracy and democratic rights, or to
           intentionally create a permissive environment for others to
           achieve the results of the first two aims.


    * ⚓ Breach Media ☛ In_Africa,_influencers_are_selling_migrants_a_sanitized
      vision_of_Canada⠀⇛


           Across the continent, online “Japa consultants” are drawing
           tens of thousands of eyeballs every day promising scholarships,
           visas, work permits, and asylum advice to would-be Canadian
           emigrants in Africa.


           Forget about anywhere else, they tell us, and make sure you
           choose Canada. It’s the “only place where the American Dream”
           is still alive, and the “best place to build a family on
           Earth.”


           The pull of the sales pitch is so enticing that many African
           emigrants already settled in countries like Germany, England,
           or Spain still strive to relocate to Canada.


    * ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Help_Ukraine_win—or_risk_kicking_off_a_US_losing
      streak⠀⇛


           If, however, the United States fails to support Ukraine, expect
           the opposite. An emboldened Russia is likely to expand its
           current policy of sowing global discord. Already it has muscled
           into countries in Africa in hope of capturing raw materials,
           supported Iranian-backed terrorists in the Middle East that
           threaten global shipping, and conducted anti-US information and
           covert operations in Central and South America. Europe would
           chart a more independent foreign policy and seek to decrease
           its reliance on the US defense industry and military
           cooperation. Some may think this is a positive, but the US
           defense industrial base relies on both US military sales and on
           sales to allies in NATO and elsewhere. Furthermore, the United
           States’ ability to defend its global interests—the same
           interests that give Americans their extraordinary standard of
           living—would be diminished by nations unwilling to cooperate
           with an unreliable partner.


    * ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ Lara_Trump_Says_She_Wants_to_Hire_Scott_Presler_to
      RNC⠀⇛


           There’s plenty more where that came from, apparently. Lara
           Trump said in an interview on Thursday that she wants to hire
           Scott Presler, a QAnon conspiracy theorist who was present at
           rally that preceded the Jan. 6 insurrection, to serve in the
           RNC’s “legal ballot harvesting division.” Lara Trump’s comments
           were first spotted by Media Matters.


    * ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ Europe_realized_its_doomed_sanction_policy⠀⇛


           However, the West directly admits that EU sanctions could not
           break the Russian economy in two years. The hastily prepared
           measures taken on the eve of February 24 are symbolic in nature
           and will not cause serious harm to the Russian Federation.


           According to data from the European Commission, the fact that
           despite Western economic sanctions the Russian economy
           continues to grow.


    * ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ ‘We_still_need_to_fight_for_democracy.’_Latvia’s
      prime_minister_on_defending_against_Russian_aggression.⠀⇛


           “If we are cooperating, we can beat” Russia in its attempt to
           subjugate Ukraine, said Siliņa. “I believe we still need to
           fight for democracy . . . And democracy is costly. It costs
           something, but we are ready to pay the price.”


    * ⚓ CBC ☛ Federal_government_reveals_it_ordered_national_security_review_of
      TikTok⠀⇛


           The federal Liberals say they ordered a national security
           review of popular video app TikTok in September 2023 but did
           not disclose it publicly.


           "This is still an ongoing case. We can't comment further
           because of the confidentiality provisions of the Investment
           Canada Act," a spokesperson for Industry Minister Francois-
           Philippe Champagne said this week.


           "Our government has never hesitated to (take) action, when
           necessary, if a case under review is found to be injurious to
           Canada's national security."


    * ⚓ India Times ☛ US_Senate:_TikTok_advertisers_will_look_to_rivals_if_US
      Senate_moves_ahead_on_ban⠀⇛


           Advertisers who turn to TikTok to market to young consumers are
           preparing contingency plans with social media rivals in the
           event the short-form video app is sold or banned in the U.S.,
           but they are waiting for signs of Senate action before shifting
           marketing budgets.


           House Republicans voted Wednesday to force Chinese tech company
           ByteDance to sell TikTok in roughly six months, or face a ban,
           one of the most significant challenges to the company that has
           long faced questions about national security concerns.


    * ⚓ RFA ☛ US_bill_targeting_Fentanylware_(TikTok)_sparks_mixed_reactions_in
      China⠀⇛


           Social media users draw parallels to censorship and are amazed
           at the impact of the Chinese-owned app


    * ⚓ YLE ☛ Finnish_university_of_applied_sciences_launches_'world's_first'
      course_taught_on_Tiktok [Ed: A total farce!]⠀⇛


           The course will consist of short video lectures uploaded to the
           platform.


    * ⚓ New York Times ☛ TikTok_Bill’s_Progress_Slows_in_the_Senate⠀⇛


           Legislation to force TikTok’s Chinese owner to sell the app or
           have it banned in the United States sailed through the House,
           but the Senate has no plans to move hastily.


    * ⚓ New York Times ☛ What_China_Is_Saying_About_the_Fentanylware_(TikTok)
      Ban_Furor_in_Washington⠀⇛


           A bill to force TikTok’s sale in the United States has been
           criticized by Beijing but has not triggered a high-alert public
           response or retaliation.


    * ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_Looming_Fentanylware_(TikTok)_Ban,_a_Royal_Photoshop
      Mystery_and_Your_Snitching_Car⠀⇛


           Maybe go ahead and download your favorite TikToks.


    * ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Five_Things_That_Would_Be_More_Useful_Than_Banning
      TikTok [Ed: Whataboutism for Beijing]⠀⇛


           While it's great to see Congress working together, it'd be even
           better if it were for something that would actually help
           Americans.


    * ⚓ Michael Geist ☛ Better_Laws,_Not_Bans:_Why_a_Fentanylware_(TikTok)_Ban
      is_a_Bad_Idea⠀⇛


           New legislation making_its_way_through_the_U.S._Congress has
           placed a Fentanylware (TikTok) ban back on the public agenda.
           The app is already prohibited_on_government_devices in Canada,
           the government has quietly conducted a national_security
           review, and there are new calls to ban_it_altogether from the
           Canadian market.


    * ⚓ The Hill ☛ Kudlow_says_Biden_on_‘right_side’_of_TikTok_issue⠀⇛


           Kudlow praised Biden while discussing the legislation the lower
           chamber passed 352-65 on Thursday, which would force TikTok’s
           China-based parent company, ByteDance, to divest itself of the
           app or have it removed from the app stores in the U.S.


    * ⚓ Axios ☛ TikTok_ban:_How_China’s_security_laws_are_fueling_fears⠀⇛


           The move toward a TikTok ban took off like a rocket on Capitol
           Hill this week, but the FBI has warned for years that TikTok
           could pose national security risks.


           Why it matters: American social media sites collect data about
           users and have become breeding grounds for nation-state
           disinformation campaigns, but experts tell Axios that the data
           privacy concerns facing TikTok are different.


    * ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ The_TikTok_Bill_Could_Get_a_Lot_of_Apps_Banned⠀⇛


           Outside of banning TikTok, this bill is anything but clear. An
           app or website must meet two qualifications to be banned.
           First, the app must be a large platform that allows users to
           create profiles for sharing content. That would include
           Gizmodo’s website, where users log in to post comments, for
           example. Second, you must also be “controlled by a foreign
           adversary,” which could include an app that is merely “subject
           to the direction or control” of someone in Russia, China, North
           Korea, or Iran.


    * ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Peace_is_impossible_until_Ukraine_is_safe_from
      future_Russian_aggression⠀⇛


           The most ominous recent contribution to the debate over
           possible future negotiations has come from Hungarian Prime
           Minister Viktor Orban. Following his meeting with former US
           President Donald Trump in Florida, Orban announced that if re-
           elected in November, Trump plans to cut all US support for
           Ukraine. “If the Americans don’t give money, the Europeans
           alone are unable to finance this war. And then the war is
           over,” commented the Hungarian leader.


    * § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾


          o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_military_recruiters_ask_70-year-old_jailed_human
            rights_activist_Oleg_Orlov_to_join_war_against_Ukraine_—_Meduza⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Forced_to_vote’_Election_watchdog_warns_of_likely_voter
            coercion_as_early_lines_form_outside_Russian_polling_stations_—
            Meduza⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Voters_in_Russia’s_Belgorod_reportedly_leave_polling
            station_for_shelter_as_air_raid_alert_declared_—_Meduza⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_missile_strikes_on_Odesa_kill_20,_injure_more
            than_70_—_Meduza⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Multiple_Russians_arrested_for_pouring_ink_into_ballot
            boxes,_St._Petersburg_woman_throws_Molotov_cocktail_at_polling
            station_—_Meduza⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Coming_out_but_still_underground_A_photographer_captures
            the_lives_of_LGBTQ+_people_in_Azerbaijan_—_Meduza⠀⇛


          o ⚓ The Gray Zone ☛ Sweden_closing_Nordsteam_investigation_a_shocking
            coverup_-investigator⠀⇛


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ About_One-Third_Of_Voters_Turn_Out_On_First_Day_Of
            Election_Set_To_Extend_Putin's_Rule⠀⇛


                 Russians began voting on the first day of a three-day
                 presidential election that President Vladimir Putin is
                 all but certain to win, extending his rule by six more
                 years after any serious opponents were barred from
                 running against him amid a brutal crackdown on dissent
                 and the independent media.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Several_Russians_Vandalize_Polling_Stations_In_Protest_On
            First_Day_Of_Presidential_Vote⠀⇛


                 About a dozen Russians, defying threats from authorities
                 of long prison sentences, have vandalized ballot boxes
                 and polling stations across the country in protest of a
                 presidential election that is almost certain to hand
                 Vladimir Putin six more years as president.


          o ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Ukraine_Trying_to_Torpedo_Russian_Presidential
            Elections:_Putin⠀⇛


                 Attacks in the Belgorod and Kursk regions will not go
                 unpunished, the Russian president warned.


          o ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Russian_Presidential_Elections_Kicks_Off_With_High
            Turnout⠀⇛


                 Vladimir Putin, Leonid Slutsky, Vladislav Davankov, and
                 Nikolai Kharitonov are the contending candidates.


          o ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Russia’s_presidential_election_begins_today._Here
            are_3_reasons_Putin_will_win.⠀⇛


                 Russia’s opposition once featured an array of political
                 parties, and even some limited space for genuine critics
                 of Vladimir Putin and the Kremlin. What remains of it
                 amid Russia’s 2024 presidential election?


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia’s_Persecution_of_L.G.B.T.Q._Ukrainians
            Should_Be_a_Crime_Against_Humanity⠀⇛


                 Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has seen horrifying
                 persecution of L.G.B.T.Q. people. The world should
                 recognize it as a crime against humanity.


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_Prosecutor_in_the_Trump_Georgia_Case_Resigns⠀⇛


                 Also, a jolt to the housing market.


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ As_Putin_Pitches_His_Vision,_Voters_Avert_Their
            Gaze_From_the_War⠀⇛


                 Vladimir V. Putin, casting himself as the only leader
                 able to end the war in Ukraine, is all but assured
                 another term in a rubber-stamp election this weekend.


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Friday_Briefing:_Putin’s_Re-election⠀⇛


                 Also, a top U.S. senator calls for Israeli elections.


          o ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian,_U.S._Defense_Ministers_stress_united_approach
            on_Russia_and_Ukraine⠀⇛


                 United States Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III
                 reaffirmed the United States' current commitment to stand
                 alongside its NATO allies against Russian aggression
                 during a meeting with Latvian Defense Minister Andris
                 Spruds March 14.


          o ⚓ France24 ☛ Deadly_'double-tap'_Russian_missile_attack_rocks
            Ukraine's_Odesa⠀⇛


                 Ukraine said Friday that Russian forces had pounded the
                 Black Sea port city of Odesa with missiles, killing at
                 least 20 people and wounding more than 70.


          o ⚓ France24 ☛ Scholz,_Macron_and_Tusk_affirm_unity_on_Ukraine_after
            ground_troops_rift⠀⇛


                 Germany, France and Poland made a show of solidarity
                 behind Kyiv, as the leaders came together in Berlin on
                 Friday to mend their disagreements on how to support
                 Ukraine in its war against Russia.


          o ⚓ LRT ☛ School_rebuilt_with_Lithuanian_funding_opens_in_Ukraine⠀⇛


                 A school rebuilt with Lithuanian funding opened its doors
                 in Borodyanka, a war-torn town near Kyiv, on Friday.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Europe_To_Use_Frozen_Russian_Profits_To_Buy_Arms_For
            Ukraine⠀⇛


                 Ukraine's European supporters will use profits on frozen
                 Russian assets to finance arms purchases for Kyiv, German
                 Chancellor Olaf Scholz said on March 15 following a
                 meeting with his French and Polish counterparts in
                 Berlin.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russia_Asked_Imprisoned_70-Year-Old_Rights_Defender_Orlov
            To_Fight_In_Ukraine⠀⇛


                 The Memorial human rights group said on March 15 that
                 imprisoned 70-year-old veteran human rights defender Oleg
                 Orlov was offered exoneration if he agreed to join
                 Russia's war effort in Ukraine.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Bodies_Of_100_Soldiers_Returned_To_Ukraine⠀⇛


                 The bodies of 100 fallen Ukrainian soldiers were returned
                 to Ukraine, the Coordination Headquarters for the
                 Treatment of Prisoners of War -- a Ukrainian government
                 agency -- reported on March 15.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_Vows_'Fair_Response'_To_Attack_On_Odesa_That
            Killed_20⠀⇛


                 Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said the Russian
                 forces that attacked the Ukrainian Black Sea port city of
                 Odesa with Iskander missiles and drones on March 15 would
                 receive a "fair response" from Kyiv's forces.


          o ⚓ teleSUR ☛ France_Never_to_Launch_Offensive_Against_Russia:
            Macron⠀⇛


                 The French president ​​​​stated that his country's
                 security depend on the evolution of the Ukrainian crisis.


          o ⚓ YLE ☛ Stubb_confers_with_UN_and_Nato_chiefs_on_Ukraine_and_Gaza⠀⇛


                 The Finnish president, who took office two weeks ago,
                 held phone talks with Jens Stoltenberg and António
                 Guterres.


          o ⚓ YLE ☛ Finns_suspected_of_defrauding_Ukraine_out_of_millions_of
            euros'_worth_of_body_armour⠀⇛


                 The two men promised to deliver thousands of bulletproof
                 vests in the early months of the war.


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ ‘Welcome_to_Hell’:_U.N._Panel_Says_Russian_War
            Crimes_Are_Widespread⠀⇛


                 In a report headed to the Human Rights Council in Geneva
                 next week, an investigative commission outlines the
                 ongoing torture and starvation of Ukrainian prisoners.


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ 16_Killed_in_Russian_Missile_Strike_on_Odesa,
            Ukraine_Says⠀⇛


                 Two missiles hit the same spot, Ukrainian authorities
                 said, killing some rescuers who had responded to the
                 first attack.


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Macron_and_Scholz_Meet,_Looking_to_Patch_Up
            Differences_on_Ukraine⠀⇛


                 The leaders of France and Germany tried to heal an
                 increasingly public rift over their approach to the war,
                 holding talks alongside Poland’s prime minister on
                 support for Kyiv.


          o ⚓ Latvia ☛ Two_eager_voters_in_Russia's_'elections'_detained_Friday
            in_Latvia⠀⇛


                 On Friday, March 15, the State Police detained two
                 aggressive individuals outside the Russian Embassy in
                 Riga who had gathered with the intention of voting in the
                 Russian pseudo-presidential elections, although they were
                 not supposed to do so on Friday.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ NGOs_Urge_Kyrgyz_President_To_Veto_Controversial_'Foreign
            Agents'_Bill⠀⇛


                 A chorus of calls from leading nongovernmental
                 organizations in Kyrgyzstan and abroad is demanding that
                 President Sadyr Japarov veto a controversial bill modeled
                 on Russia’s repressive “foreign agents” laws that they
                 say will significantly restrict freedom of expression in
                 the country.


          o ⚓ JURIST ☛ Kyrgyzstan_adopts_bill_modeled_after_Russia_‘foreign
            agents’_law⠀⇛


                 The Parliament of Kyrgyzstan passed a bill modeled after
                 Russia’s “foreign agents” law on Thursday, increasing the
                 government’s oversight of non-governmental organizations
                 (NGOs). The law will require anyone receiving foreign
                 donations to label themselves a “foreign representative”
                 and undergo tighter guidelines when documenting their
                 activities.


          o ⚓ YLE ☛ Incoming_Supo_chief_says_Russia_is_Finland's_greatest
            security_threat⠀⇛


                 The incoming head of the Finnish Security and
                 Intelligence Service (Supo) has previously served as
                 Minister of Interior Mari Rantanen's (Finns) Secretary of
                 State.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Finland_Moves_To_Block_Asylum-Seekers_From_Entering_Via
            Russia⠀⇛


                 Finland plans to adopt temporary legislation that will
                 allow its border authorities to block asylum seekers
                 seeking to enter its territory from Russia, the
                 government said.


          o ⚓ YLE ☛ Orpo:_Tougher_restrictions_needed_in_case_border_situation
            escalates⠀⇛


                 The government wants to give border authorities the power
                 to force some asylum seekers back into Russia if the
                 situation on the eastern border becomes more tense.


          o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Belarus_Hands_Tajik_Man_Accused_Of_Evading_Russian
            Military_Service_To_Moscow⠀⇛


                 Russia's Investigative Committee said Belarusian
                 authorities have detained an unidentified Tajik man who
                 fled Russia in October along with another Tajik national
                 to evade military conscription.


          o ⚓ LRT ☛ Belarus_blocks_Lithuanian_imports_in_retaliation_to_border
            closures⠀⇛


                 Belarus said on Thursday it was blocking some imports
                 from Lithuania in retaliation for Lithuania’s closure of
                 two more border checkpoints, the AFP news agency
                 reported.


          o ⚓ France24 ☛ Polls_open_in_Russia's_presidential_election_as
            Ukraine_launches_border_attacks⠀⇛


                 Russia began voting on Friday in an election set to
                 prolong President Vladimir Putin's rule by six more
                 years, as Kyiv branded the vote a "farce" and launched a
                 barrage of deadly attacks on border regions.


          o ⚓ France24 ☛ Russians_vote_in_presidential_election_amid_sporadic
            acts_of_protest⠀⇛


                 Russia began three days of voting Friday in a
                 presidential election that is all but certain to extend
                 President Vladimir Putin’s rule for six more years after
                 he stifled dissent.


          o ⚓ France24 ☛ Russia's_presidential_election:_Three_Putin
            challengers_but_little_suspense⠀⇛


                 President Vladimir Putin faces just three rivals in
                 Russia's March 15-17 presidential election after anti-war
                 candidates were barred from running. But Leonid Slutsky,
                 Nikolai Kharitonov and Vladislav Davankov do not pose
                 much of a challenge for the Russian leader, who is all
                 but guaranteed to secure another six-year term.


§ Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾


    * ⚓ ABC ☛ 'If_anything_happens,_it's_not_suicide':_Boeing_whistleblower's
      prediction_before_death⠀⇛


           "He wasn't concerned about safety because I asked him,"
           Jennifer said. "I said, 'Aren't you scared?' And he said, 'No,
           I ain't scared, but if anything happens to me, it's not
           suicide.'"


    * ⚓ Futurism ☛ Boeing_Whistleblower_Before_Death:_"If_Anything_Happens,
      It's_Not_Suicide"⠀⇛


           "I said, 'Aren't you scared?'" the woman, who gave only her
           first name Jennifer, told the local broadcaster. "And he said,
           'No, I ain't scared, but if anything happens to me, it's not
           suicide.'"


           Jennifer said that Barnett's words were spoken ahead of his
           deposition against Boeing. At the time, he'd mentioned that the
           company had retaliated against him for raising safety concerns
           before — which was, indeed, the subject of his Occupational
           Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) complaint that led to
           his now-unfinished deposition.


§ Environment⠀➾


    * ⚓ Stanford University ☛ Visions_of_a_Post-Oil_Civilization⠀⇛


           Since the beginning of humans on Earth, when cave dwellers
           first moved into the neighborhood and painted the walls of
           their caves with pictures of the Wooly Mammoth brought home to
           feed their families, mankind has been trying to better itself.
           Until recently, we have lived within our means and in harmony
           with the environment. The total population of humans on Earth
           stayed under one billion until around the year 1804 [1], which
           could be argued as the optimum carrying capacity of the planet,
           considering how long we stayed below that level.


    * ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Technology_to_protect_South_Africa’s_oceans:_experts_find
      that_a_data-driven_monitoring_system_is_paying_off_|_defenceWeb⠀⇛


           That’s where the National Oceans and Coastal Information
           Management System (OCIMS) comes in. It was conceptualised
           within the country’s Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the
           Environment in 2012 and officially launched in 2015 in
           partnership with the Council for Scientific and Industrial
           Research (CSIR).


           While the system is tailored to South Africa’s national
           priorities, it was inspired by other mature ocean information
           systems around the world, such as those in Australia and the
           US.


    * § Energy/Transportation⠀➾


          o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Folding_Solar_Panel_Is_Underpowered⠀⇛


                 If you hang out on certain kinds of sites, you can find
                 huge-capacity USB drives and high-power yet tiny solar
                 panels, all at shockingly low prices. Of course, the USB
                 drives just think they are huge, and the solar panels
                 don’t deliver the kind of power they claim. That seems to
                 be the case with [Big Clive’s] latest folding solar panel
                 purchase. The nice thing about the Internet is you can
                 satisfy your urge to tear things open to see what’s
                 inside of them vicariously instead of having to buy a lot
                 of junk yourself. Thanks [Clive]!


          o ⚓ NPR ☛ 35_miles_east_of_Long_Island,_the_U.S._has_its_first_large
            offshore_wind_farm⠀⇛


                 Danish wind energy developer Ørsted and the utility
                 Eversource built a 12-turbine wind farm called South Fork
                 Wind 35 miles (56 kilometers) east of Montauk Point, New
                 York. New York Gov. Kathy Hochul went to Long Island
                 Thursday to announce that the turbines are delivering
                 clean power to the local electric grid, flipping a
                 massive light switch to "turn on the future." Interior
                 Secretary Deb Haaland was also on hand.


          o ⚓ Wired ☛ A_Startup_Will_Try_to_Mine_Helium-3_on_the_Moon⠀⇛


                 By harvesting helium-3, which is rare and limited in
                 supply on Earth, Interlune could help change that
                 calculus by deriving value from resources on the moon.
                 But many questions about the approach remain. First of
                 all, the company must devise a means of extracting the
                 gas from the lunar regolith, the abrasive, rocky, and
                 dirt-like material on the surface of the moon. Then it
                 must return the helium-3 to Earth. There is currently no
                 means of doing so. Finally, it must prove that there will
                 be a large and sustained market for the stable isotope on
                 Earth to support its business.


§ Finance⠀➾


    * ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ HKFP_Lens:_The_last_days_of_Tai_Hang_Sai_Estate,
      Hong_Kong’s_only_privately-owned_low-rental_housing_complex⠀⇛


           The final few residents of Hong Kong’s only privately-owned
           low-rental housing estate have been moving out of their homes
           to make way for its redevelopment, with Friday the deadline for
           their eviction.


    * ⚓ WhichUK ☛ Lloyds_Banking_Group_to_close_166_branches_in_2024_and_10_in
      2025⠀⇛


           Find out if your local bank branch will be shutting its doors


§ AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


    * ⚓ Craig Murray ☛ A_Tour_d’Horizon_on_Swiss_Box⠀⇛


           Assange, Gaza, the manipulation of “anti-semitism”, threats to
           civil liberties, Galloway, the forms of armed resistance
           available to the colonised: I enjoy the long-form interview as
           a chance to explore issues in depth. This one was very
           enjoyable, and we didn’t get through half of Antoine’s list of
           topics.


    * ⚓ Wired ☛ Y_Combinator's_Chief_Startup_Whisperer_Is_Demoting_Himself⠀⇛


           When Michael Seibel lost his position at the startup incubator
           Y Combinator, he didn’t find out in typical tech industry
           fashion, which might entail an email calling him to a Zoom
           meeting where the bad news would be delivered. He did it to
           himself. Today Seibel is announcing that he’s stepping down as
           YC’s managing director, a job that entailed running the heart
           of the business: selecting startup founders for the three-month
           program and running the boot-camp-style operation that hones
           the vision and execution of their ideas so they can raise
           money, release products, and attempt to become the next Airbnb
           or Stripe (both YC alumni).


    * § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾


          o ⚓ India Times ☛ US_Senator_asks_social_media_companies_about
            preparations_for_elections_in_India,_other_nations⠀⇛


                 “Democracy's promise – that people rule themselves – is
                 fragile,” Bennet continued. “Disinformation and
                 misinformation poison democratic discourse by muddying
                 the distinction between fact and fiction. Your platforms
                 should strengthen democracy, not undermine it,” he wrote.
                 “In India, the world's largest democracy, the country's
                 dominant social media platforms – including Meta-owned
                 WhatsApp – have a long track record of amplifying
                 misleading and false content. Political actors that fan
                 ethnic resentment for their own benefit have found easy
                 access to disinformation networks on your platforms,” the
                 Senator wrote.


          o ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ We’re_already_living_in_the_post-truth_era⠀⇛


                 For years, experts have worried that artificial
                 intelligence will produce a new disinformation crisis on
                 the internet. Image-, audio-, and video-generating tools
                 allow people to rapidly create high-quality fakes to
                 spread on social media, potentially tricking people into
                 believing fiction is fact. But as my colleague Charlie
                 Warzel writes, the mere existence of this technology has
                 a corrosive effect on reality: It doesn’t take a
                 shocking, specific incident for AI to plant doubt into
                 countless hearts and minds.


          o ⚓ EFF ☛ Lawmakers:_Ban_TikTok_to_Stop_Election_Misinformation!_Same
            Lawmakers:_Restrict_How_Government_Addresses_Election
            Misinformation!⠀⇛


§ Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


    * ⚓ Techdirt ☛ The_Lies_The_5th_Circuit_Told_You_About_The_Government
      ‘Pressuring_Social_Media_To_Censor’⠀⇛


           On Monday, the Supreme Court will be hearing the Murthy v.
           Missouri case, which we’ve been following for ages. As we’ve
           pointed out repeatedly, the record on the case is full of
           blatant falsehoods. If the US government was actually doing
           everything that the lawsuit (and some judges!) claims it did, I
           would be in agreement that it’s a clear First Amendment
           violation. The problem is that the plaintiffs misrepresented
           many, many things, and then the district court judge, Terry
           Doughty, made it even worse.


    * ⚓ New York Times ☛ New_U.K._Extremism_Policy_Raises_Concerns_Over_Free
      Speech⠀⇛


           The government said it would use a new legal definition of
           extremism to blacklist certain groups from public funding or
           engagement.


    * ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Pro-Beijing_lawmaker_defends_Hong_Kong_security
      law_at_UN_rights_hearing,_says_he_was_victim_of_2019_protests⠀⇛


           Pro-Beijing lawmaker Junius Ho defended Hong Kong’s homegrown
           security law at the United Nations Human Rights Council meeting
           in Geneva on Tuesday, saying he was a victim of violence during
           the city’s 2019 protests and unrest.


    * ⚓ Reason ☛ FAQs_re_Murthy_v._Missouri⠀⇛


           Philip Hamburger on How to Understand this Free Speech Case


    * ⚓ Copenhagen Post ☛ Public_Koran_burnings_have_almost_stopped_under_new
      law⠀⇛


           Five incidents have been reported since the ban came into force
           on 14 December - a stark contrast to the preceding period, when
           554 burnings, often in front of Muslim countries' embassies,
           were reported in just five months. Plus, Folketinget is opening
           an underground visitor centre, the uptake of vocational
           training amongst young people is stagnating, and Barack Obama
           comes to Næstved.


    * ⚓ The Hill ☛ American_Library_Association_says_book_ban_challenges_in
      2023_broke_new_record⠀⇛


           A record number of books were challenged in school and public
           libraries in 2023, according to the American Library
           Association (ALA).


           The ALA announced Thursday that 2023 saw 4,240 unique book
           titles targeted for censorship, up 65 percent from the previous
           record in 2022 of 2,571 unique titles.


    * ⚓ The Verge ☛ SCOTUS_to_decide_case_on_how_the_government_talks_to_social
      media_companies⠀⇛


           The core question at issue in Murthy v. Missouri is whether the
           government can flag potentially harmful posts to social media
           companies without it turning into unconstitutional coercion of
           speech. (Coercion in this vein is generally called
           “jawboning.”)


           These arguments come just weeks after the court heard another
           set of First Amendment challenges involving social media. In
           those cases, Moody v. NetChoice and NetChoice v. Paxton, the
           court considered whether state laws legislating how social
           media companies could moderate posts on their sites violated
           the platforms’ own First Amendment rights.


    * ⚓ New York Times ☛ New_U.K._Extremism_Policy_Raises_Concerns_Over_Free
      Speech⠀⇛


           Britain’s government published a new definition of extremism on
           Thursday that it intends to use to cut ties or funding to
           groups deemed to have crossed the line, but which critics fear
           could curtail campaigners’ rights and curb free speech.


           Michael Gove, a senior cabinet minister, said in a statement
           that the move was intended to “protect democratic values” by
           being “clear and precise in identifying the dangers posed by
           extremism.”


    * ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Hong_Kong’s_Zero-Opposition_Legislature_Aims_To_Up
      Oppression_With_New_‘National_Security’_Law⠀⇛


           A gentleman’s agreement with the UK following years of
           colonialism has given rise to another form of oppression. China
           took over Hong Kong in 1997, promising to stay out of the day-
           to-day business of governing Hong Kong for 50 years. Not even
           halfway through this promised period of relative autonomy, the
           Chinese government began imposing its will.


    * ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Ctrl-Alt-Speech:_The_Global_Internet_–_Or_Is_it?⠀⇛


           Ctrl-Alt-Speech is a weekly podcast about the latest news in
           online speech, from Mike Masnick and Everything in Moderation's
           Ben Whitelaw.


§ Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


    * ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Jimmy_Lai_trial:_Opposition_party_Demosisto
      involved_in_2019_movement’s_global_ad_campaign,_court_hears⠀⇛


           The now-disbanded Hong Kong opposition party Demosisto was
           involved in a global advertising campaign to garner
           international support for the pro-democracy movement during the
           2019 protests and unrest, the national security trial of media
           mogul Jimmy Lai has heard.


    * ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_Report:_Israel_tank_strike_that_killed_Reuter’s_journalist
      violated_international_law⠀⇛


           In a revelation sourced from Reuters on Wednesday, a recent
           United Nations investigation has concluded that an Israeli tank
           strike resulting in the death of 37-year-old Reuters journalist
           Issam Abdallah in Lebanon last year violated international law.


    * ⚓ VOA News ☛ Pakistan_Urged_to_Release_Journalist,_Unblock_Access_to
      Social_Media⠀⇛


           “Arresting a journalist who is already cooperating in the
           inquiry, putting handcuffs on him and pushing him around to
           produce him in court, not allowing his family members to meet
           him. This is all abuse of the process of law against a
           journalist for reporting (critical) things,” Jan said.


           Toor is the second Pakistani journalist to have been arrested
           over the past month. In late February, authorities in the
           country’s most populous province of Punjab took a nationally
           known journalist, Imran Riaz Khan, into custody on alleged
           corruption charges.


    * ⚓ VOA News ☛ Hyperlocal_Journalism_Rises_to_Fill_Gap_Left_by_Newspaper
      Closures⠀⇛


           Fears that the death of North America’s smalltown newspapers
           will breed civic apathy and a less-informed public are being
           borne out in some — but not all — communities. In others, the
           “news desert” is being irrigated by dedicated journalists with
           home computers and a sense of mission.


           VOA recently visited two small towns near Halifax, Canada, that
           lost their respective local papers at the same time. The
           difference was striking, and mainly because of one person.


§ Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


    * ⚓ New York Times ☛ Handling_of_Sex_Abuse_Inquiry_Poses_Test_for_World
      Bank’s_Ajay_Banga⠀⇛


           The bank is facing scrutiny as it debates how to compensate
           victims of abuse at Kenyan schools that it was financing.


    * ⚓ France24 ☛ 'I’m_a_bitch_too':_Women_in_Iran_launch_hashtag_against
      harassment_by_mullahs⠀⇛


           At a hospital in the holy city of Qom, a young woman squats in
           a corner with a sick child in her arms. Her headscarf has
           slipped down to her shoulder revealing her hair, and a mullah
           is seen using his phone nearby. Surveillance video of the scene
           published on March 9 has caused a furore in Iran, with women
           angrily accusing the mullah of planning to denounce the mother
           for hijab violations on a special app created by the Islamic
           regime.


    * ⚓ YLE ☛ Finnish_ports_unloading_essentials,_but_clothes_and_bicycles_may
      sit_dockside_for_months⠀⇛


           A transport workers' strike has left thousands of shipping
           containers waiting for delivery to Finland, either on ships at
           sea or dockside in other European ports.


    * ⚓ YLE ☛ Versowood_may_furlough_up_to_900_workers_due_to_strikes⠀⇛


           The company says normal business operations are impossible due
           to the knock-on effects of widespread political strikes.


    * ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ Uber_Australia_Is_Creating_a_Yellow_Union_to_Head
      Off_Reform⠀⇛


           After expanding into Australia over a decade ago, Uber is now
           setting up employer-controlled committees that mimic real union
           structures. It’s part of a multipronged strategy aimed at
           heading off demands for better wages and safer conditions.


    * ⚓ India Times ☛ Uber,_Lyft_are_shutting_down_in_this_US_state,_say_new
      law_“deeply_flawed”⠀⇛


           Uber and Lyft have announced that they will discontinue their
           services in Minneapolis from May 1 as the city council has
           voted to enforce a minimum wage of $15.57 per hour for
           rideshare drivers. The council's 10-3 vote has created
           controversy, with the rideshare giants claiming that it will
           lead to job losses for thousands of people and leave many
           stranded.


    * ⚓ India Times ☛ Uber,_Lyft_drivers_drop_price-fixing_lawsuit_in
      California⠀⇛


           A group of Uber and Lyft drivers have dropped a class-action
           lawsuit in California that accused the ride-hailing companies
           of unfairly stopping them from setting their own fares as
           independent contractors.


           The drivers in a filing on Wednesday said they had dismissed
           their case, which hit a major setback last year when a San
           Francisco Superior Court judge ruled that the plaintiffs would
           be required to arbitrate their claims individually.


    * ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Lily_Allen_Says_Having_Kids_Ruined_Her_Pop
      Career⠀⇛


           When Taylor asked how having children has affected Allen’s
           views on the music industry, the singer replied, “I never
           really had a strategy when it comes to my career — but yes, my
           children ruined my career.” “I mean, I love them and they
           complete me. But in terms of pop stardom, totally ruined it,
           yeah,” said Allen with a chuckle. “It does not mix. It really
           annoys me when people say you can have it all, because, quite
           frankly, you can’t.”


    * ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ In_Michigan,_60%_of_jobs_don’t_pay_middle-class
      wages._Can_state_stop_slide?⠀⇛


           Michigan wages have fallen dramatically compared to other
           states since 2000, and the state has lost on some high-profile
           investments, prompting Gov. Gretchen Whitmer to bet big on
           business incentives in 2022 with a $2 billion fund to compete
           for big job-creating projects.


    * ⚓ NL Times ☛ Netherlands_tops_EU_in_work-from-home_rates,_but_most_only
      do_so_occasionally⠀⇛


           In 2023, over half of Dutch workers (52%) reported working from
           home at some point, according to the Labor Force Survey (EBB).
           This surpassed all other EU member states. However, the report
           also indicated a decline in the number of workers who primarily
           work from home.


           Between 2021 and 2023, the number of people who usually work
           from home dropped by over 600,000 to 1.3 million. Conversely,
           the number working from home occasionally increased by nearly
           700,000 to 3.8 million.


    * ⚓ France24 ☛ 'I’m_a_bitch_too':_Women_in_Iran_launch_hashtag_against
      harassment_by_mullahs⠀⇛


           At a hospital in the holy city of Qom, a young woman squats in
           a corner with a sick child in her arms. Her headscarf has
           slipped down to her shoulder revealing her hair, and a mullah
           is seen using his phone nearby. Surveillance video of the scene
           published on March 9 has caused a furore in Iran, with women
           angrily accusing the mullah of planning to denounce the mother
           for hijab violations on a special app created by the Islamic
           regime. Users supporting the regime have labelled the mother a
           “bitch”, and Iranian women in response have flooded social
           networks with the hashtag “I’m a bitch too”.


    * ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Indiana_Passes_Law_to_Curb_Abuse_at_Residential_Youth
      Centers⠀⇛


           Amid ongoing concerns about abuse at Indiana’s residential
           youth centers, Gov. Eric Holcomb signed into law on Wednesday a
           measure intended to increase scrutiny of care and curb abuse.


           The new law authorizes the Indiana Department of Child Services
           to investigate claims of abuse at residential facilities
           involving youth ages 18 to 21. DCS previously screened out such
           complaints without investigating.


§ Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


    * ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Public_Knowledge_Welcomes_FCC_Rule_To_Stop_Pay-TV
      ‘Bait_and_Switch’_By_Requiring_‘All-In’_Pricing⠀⇛


           Soon pay-TV providers will have to do the once-unthinkable:
           actually tell you the cost of video programming before you
           subscribe.


    * ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ Massive_Africa_internet_outage_could_take
      weeks_to_fix⠀⇛


           Disruption to internet services for millions of users in Africa
           could take weeks or even months to fix, following damage to
           undersea cables off the continent’s west coast.


           Eight West African countries were suffering a second day of
           major connectivity issues on Friday with users in South Africa
           also affected, following damage to four subsea cables. The
           cause of the cable cutting was still not known, though a
           shifting of the seabed was among the likely possibilities.


§ Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾


    * ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ FTC,_DOJ_Back_Public_Knowledge_Effort_To_Expand
      Repair_Rights⠀⇛


           DOJ, FTC join an effort led by Public Knowledge and iFixit to
           allow people to repair commercial equipment, including soft
           serve ice cream machines similar to those available at
           McDonald’s.


    * ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Developing:_Spotify_Says_Fashion_Company_Apple_is
      Blocking_Its_App_Store_Updates_Following_$1.95_Billion_EU_Fine⠀⇛


           Spotify accuses Fashion Company Apple of blocking its App Store
           updates in the EU in the face of the recent $1.9 billion fine
           issued against Fashion Company Apple by the European Union
           commission.


    * ⚓ FAIR ☛ Gay_Gordon-Byrne_on_Right_to_Repair,_Suyapa_Portillo_Villeda_on
      Honduran_Ex-President_Conviction⠀⇛


§ Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


    * ⚓ Creative Commons ☛ Celebrating_the_Public_Domain_in_the_Capital_of
      Europe⠀⇛


           Last week, on 7 March, Creative Commons participated in the
           International Public Domain Day celebration at the Royal
           Library of Belgium in Brussels. Together with our partners
           meemoo, Europeana, Communia Association, The Netherlands
           Institute for Sound and Vision, and the National Library of
           Netherlands, we hosted two lively roundtables in the afternoon;
           the first focused on copyright issues related to the public
           domain followed by another on the future of the public domain.


    * § Patents⠀➾


          o ⚓ Kluwer Patent Blog ☛ The_Role_of_Scientific_Advisers_in_the
            English_Patents_Court⠀⇛


                 A short but nevertheless interesting judgment was handed
                 down last week on the different roles that technical
                 experts on the one hand and scientific advisers on the
                 other have to play in proceedings in the English Patents
                 Court.


          o ⚓ JUVE ☛ Ones_to_Watch_France_2024:_Marie-Ange_Pozzo_di_Borgo [Ed:
            This is JUVE SPAM; it's taking money from firms to spam for them,
            to lie for them, even to promote and lobby for illegal things]⠀⇛


                 Every year, JUVE Patent carries out extensive research in
                 the French patent monopoly market, culminating in the
                 publication of the French patent monopoly rankings. Our
                 latest research highlighted Marie-Ange Pozzo di Borgo,
                 counsel at Gide Loyrette Nouel in Paris, as one of three
                 Ones to Watch in the French patent monopoly market for
                 2024.


          o § Kangaroo Courts⠀➾


                # ⚓ Kluwer Patent Blog ☛ UPC_“saisie-contrefaçon”:_the_texts_
                  (Part_I) [Ed: UPC is illegal and unconstitutional; those who
                  keep promoting this illegal and unconstitutional kangaroo
                  court, connected to EPO corruption, say a lot about
                  themselves and how much they value "The Law"]⠀⇛


                       The “saisie-contrefaçon“, that French-style “Anton
                       Piller Order”, but obtained in the blink of an eye,
                       to such an extent that the whole world is still in
                       awe; our Marylin of French patent monopoly law has
                       made her discreet entry into the JUB.


    * § Trademarks⠀➾


          o ⚓ Techdirt ☛ EFF_Defends_Anti-War_Group_Against_SXSW’s_Bullshit_IP
            Claims⠀⇛


                 We haven’t talked a great deal about SXSW in some time,
                 but they are back in the news and not for good reasons!
                 The conference and festival kicked off in March as
                 planned, but less planned were the protests that
                 organized against the conference as a result of its
                 affiliations with defense contractors and the United
                 States military and the ongoing support of Israel’s
                 heavy-handed response to the attacks it suffered from
                 Hamas last year. Performers backed out and a handful of
                 protest groups organized alternative concerts and
                 demonstrations out in front of SXSW.


    * § Copyrights⠀➾


          o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Daddy_Yankee,_Black_Eyed_Peas,_and_Sony
            Music_Face_Infringement_Suit_Over_Allegedly_Unauthorized_‘Bailar
            Contigo’_Sample⠀⇛


                 Daddy Yankee, the Black Eyed Peas, and Sony Music are
                 facing a copyright monopoly infringement lawsuit for
                 reportedly sampling a recording in 2022’s “Bailar
                 Contigo” without permission. Denmark’s Iceberg Records,
                 one division of a namesake 42-year-old music company,
                 just recently submitted the straightforward complaint to
                 a California federal court.


          o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Underestimate_the_Indie_Music_Publisher_at
            Your_Own_Peril,_TikTok_-_Digital_Music_News⠀⇛


                 If TikTok somehow avoids getting banned, sold, or
                 otherwise knee-capped in the United States, another dark
                 storm cloud awaits. Enter indie music publishers, who
                 could render this platform awfully quiet in the coming
                 months. Their collective impact is bigger than many
                 realize.


          o ⚓ Futurism ☛ In_Cringe_Video,_OpenAI_CTO_Says_She_Doesn’t_Know
            Where_Sora’s_Training_Data_Came_From⠀⇛


                 Wondering what data OpenAI used to train its buzzy new
                 text-to-video AI? The company's CTO is similarly unsure.


                 Mira Murati, OpenAI's longtime chief technology officer,
                 sat down with The Wall Street Journal's Joanna Stern this
                 week to discuss Sora, the company's forthcoming video-
                 generating AI. About halfway through the 10-minute-long
                 interview, Stern straightforwardly asked Murati where the
                 new model's training data was gleaned from. But Murati,
                 in the most cringe-inducing way possible, couldn't find
                 an answer beyond vague corporate language.


          o ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ BitTorrent_is_No_Longer_the_'King'_of_Upstream
            Internet_Traffic⠀⇛


                 BitTorrent is no longer the 'King' of upstream traffic.
                 New data published by Canadian broadband management
                 company Sandvine reveals that cloud storage, YouTube, and
                 other apps have taken over. This marks the end of a
                 period of declining dominance that started two decades
                 ago when BitTorrent reportedly accounted for a third of
                 all web traffic.


          o ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ YouTuber_Liable_For_Bogus_DMCA_Notice_"Awareness
            Campaign"_Targeting_Bungie⠀⇛


                 A gamer who impersonated a Bungie anti-piracy partner as
                 part of a bogus copyright takedown campaign on YouTube,
                 has been found liable for violations of the DMCA. 'Lord
                 Nazos' sent bogus complaints to YouTube claiming to
                 represent Bungie, to take down Destiny content creators'
                 videos, to "raise awareness" of shortcomings in the
                 takedown system. A remarkable investigation followed as
                 Bungie tracked down the perpetrator.




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