𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Tuesday, August 13, 2024
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Generated Wed 14 Aug 02:49:17 BST 2024
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals
The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈
Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔
Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕
Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2024/08/13/


╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
  Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order):

QmbHjgPAAcGNUG9Sej4vSKhK8DfUYokfFkXLdKwr1JtGJG
QmdLsuRLzrwb58dZaSmJah6oCmNNZ6cW4ick4chqJmHjmY
QmTNR3uqcbMYjPAbbHjBqyNJb3ib8kytQvdFnATzkBFVvo
QmfCHrqMLfMsHXYnQeAvVuNYt91Zw2AmMJ5mx4RqsrWy3b
QmR2rr1yXDANjQBEz2oGtd2UMgy9U37FHdjpUhPfAk7h5z
QmWE6ucdKk9Q1pi6ce3ko9xPWd9Y4BjpLij3W7tJ5TMjG3
QmaoEDiALTYYZdaq3SQ86aQpMwUji1nqCeLbXAoszFRYvJ
QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s
QmXZcp3rXLYa24pYd7jUu6sPDrhziRCNCok875WLJTLysP
QmUE7nd24kx2soZFbSYKDsb1ik1wpirFTRTBhDTj6w9sjh
QmdKeWBhfnjgQLYU48wto7DdStpXsB5mE1yEEnWcxQ53vu
QmfSnnTnjcAe3YvtRsVgAwUJfpcEk1dM5J5yjJLyv7MxqM
QmQ16CkpxBbMzPZ6wZcuKBUcxH1RZ8uAEhcvdBsPRpVZe9
QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL
QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X
Qmdqd6mb8mj27qVvQZRR7sjshrXYYirWm9vRttLkNB5rW6
QmSjY85vxbu9nNFHUMmuK7CxRame2VYuhb523CJaK5zRkj
QmZwah9nZHVvSzbJWEAMxumYDpanFPqTahnqoNP83tuZbx
QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe
QmcgTTyseF5zFd4MLquM4PtJZzkFcBEqaUbqDe4eaUx6Na
QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu


╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⦿ Techrights  -  Another True 'Masterpiece' (Slop) From linuxsecurity.com (Guardian Digital, Inc)

⦿ Techrights  -  Argentina One of the Many Countries Where Vista 11's Market Share Has Decreased, Not Increased (While GNU/Linux Goes Upwards)

⦿ Techrights  -  IRC Proceedings: Monday, August 12, 2024

⦿ Techrights  -  Over at Tux Machines...

⦿ Techrights  -  Software Freedom in Perspective - Part 1 - Relativism in a World That Became Harsher

⦿ Techrights  -  Software Freedom in Perspective - Part 2 - The Promising Early Days of the Web, Ruined by Microsoft

⦿ Techrights  -  The Corporate Media Says Microsoft (the Security Culprit, Not Expert) Found Iranian Intervention and OpenVPN Holes, But the Real Issue is Microsoft Windows

⦿ Techrights  -  Twice in a Day: Brittany Day Publishes Slop (Fake 'Linux' Articles) Several Times Per Day

 ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Another_True_Masterpiece_Slop_From_linuxsecurity_com_Guardian_D.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Argentina_One_of_the_Many_Countries_Where_Vista_11_s_Market_Sha.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/IRC_Proceedings_Monday_August_12_2024.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Software_Freedom_in_Perspective_Part_1_Relativism_in_a_World_Th.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Software_Freedom_in_Perspective_Part_2_The_Promising_Early_Days.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/The_Corporate_Media_Says_Microsoft_the_Security_Culprit_Not_Exp.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Twice_in_a_Day_Brittany_Day_Publishes_Slop_Fake_Linux_Articles_.shtml

 ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Gemini_Links_13_08_2024_The_Iron_Law_of_the_Internet_and_NextCl.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Links_13_08_2024_Abundant_Misinformation_and_TikTok_Layoffs.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Links_13_08_2024_Broken_Phone_and_KOReader.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Links_13_08_2024_Fast_Food_and_Zines.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Links_13_08_2024_More_Microsoft_Shutdowns_Microsoft_Azure_Layof.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Links_13_08_2024_YouTube_Getting_Worse_Facebook_Conspires_With_.shtml

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 73

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Another_True_Masterpiece_Slop_From_linuxsecurity_com_Guardian_D.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Another_True_Masterpiece_Slop_From_linuxsecurity_com_Guardian_D.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Another True 'Masterpiece' (Slop) From
linuxsecurity.com (Guardian Digital, Inc)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Monument_in_Cerro_de_la_Gloria,_Argentina⦈_


Why stop when you're addicted?


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Staying a Step Ahead of Adversaries: Mitigating Chromium's
                           Security Flaws on Linux⦈


Where does this Linux-hostile text come from?


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇⁤Google Chrome, one of the world's most widely used web
   browsers, has recently been scrutinized due to the discovery of multiple
 Chromium vulnerabilities that threaten user safety and privacy. ⁤⁤Chromium is
the open-source web browser project that is the basis of Chrome and many other
widely used browsers. ⁤ ⁤These issues highlight the struggle between providing
user-friendly software and protecting it with robust security measures. ⁤⁤I'll
 explain these recent vulnerabilities in more depth, help you determine if you
   are at risk, and explain how to update Chrome to protect your privacy and
                              security online.⁤⦈


ANOTHER day passes and another Day slop (spam). The Web is becoming full of
this nonsense, which is easy to smell from a distance. So passing it through a
textual analyser only seals the deal: that site is an SEO operation disguised
as news about Linux. They try to promote their business by manipulating search
engines with fake articles that 'recycle' (or plagiarise) other people's work.
█


                           🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Spam⦈




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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠆⣸⡿⠿⠟⠃⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠄⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⡯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠁⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣴⣶⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢶⣿⡏⠉⠛⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⣀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣰⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣰⣿⣿⣿⠄⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠐⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠙⢿⣿⣷⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠻⠿⡯⠛⠻⠻
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠻⣷⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⡀⠀⢀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡎⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣙⣟⢆⣿⡟⣿⠛⠛⠛⣿⢛⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡻⢽⢻⢿⢿⢿⡯⣿⢿⠿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠹⢝⣻⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡟⣿⢹⢿⢿⠿⡿⡿⡏⣿⢿⣿⢻⣽⣿⢻⣿⡏⡿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⢽⢿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣏⢿⢹⣿⣛⡯⡿⡿⡿⣿⢻⡯⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣽⣼⣬⣬⣼⣶⣧⣭⣼⣜⣭⣿⣧⣯⣿⣽⣾⣽⣬⣿⣭⣾⣧⣧⣽⣼⣼⣬⣧⣥⣧⣥⣿⣮⣽⣬⣿⣽⣧⣯⣧⣷⣾⣮⣯⣼⣿⣼⣥⣧⣽⣬⣮⣿⣥⣯⣿⣿⣾⣼⣭⣯⣧⣧⣌⣧⣯⣮⣧⣧⣧⣧⣌⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⡏⡿⡿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢽⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢽⢻⡿⣿⣿⢻⣿⢹⠿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⡟⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣿⣧⣧⣧⣿⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣽⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣬⣽⣼⣧⣧⣧⣿⣼⣮⣷⣾⣿⣼⣿⣼⣤⣿⣼⣼⣵⣿⣧⣷⣧⣧⣿⣧⣯⣧⣧⣧⣧⣧⣿⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠏⠤⠔⠿⢿⣿⡟⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣻⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣀⣾⣆⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⢛⠻⢛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⡀⠠⠤⠀⣿⣟⣿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣽⡿⢿⢿⣷⣶⣦⡀⠠⠀⢸⡤⠶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣣⠀⠀⡘⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⡎⢿⡆⡧⢐⡑⡼⡯⡤⣺⠪⠠⠊⠫⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⡿⠇⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠓⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⡄⠇⠸⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⣶⣀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡖⢀⣀⢀⢀⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⡿⢤⣿⣿⠀⢨⣥⠼⣿⣿⣿⡄⠈⣭⣭⣭⣭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠃⠀⠀⠀⡁⢨⡍⠉⠀⠀⢨⣀⣽⣿⣿⠛⠚⠿⠟⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠦⠤⠶⠶⠦⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⢸⡃⠀⠀⠀⠰⠉⠉⠉⠹⠀⠀⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⡶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠚⠀⠀⢀⣿⣏⣀⣈⠶⣾⠒⠒⠒⠺⠒⠒⠂⠒⢚⣿⡟⠒⢲⡆⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠁⠰⠀⢨⣿⠥⠤⠅⢰⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⢠⣸⠿⠀⠀⠼⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠄⠀⣤⣼⡿⠥⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⢈⣭⠅⡄⠀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠺⠿⠸⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⣭⣭⡛⠋⠉⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⣿⠓⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⠿⠇⠿⢴⣿⡿⠏⠰⠁⠀⠀⣿⡿⠿⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠼⠧⠤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠃⠐⠁⠀⠀⠀⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿
⣿⣿⡇⢀⡄⠀⣿⠀⢀⠀⢸⡇⠠⢤⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣿⣀⣉⣀⣸⣇⣈⣉⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿
⡿⠻⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⣿⡿⢿⠿⢿⣿⡏⣭⠭⠭⢭⡍⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿
⣧⣤⣼⣤⣴⣦⣧⣤⣤⣧⣼⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⢰⣶⣾⣿⣇⣿⣶⣶⣾⣇⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡝⠛⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡤⠤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣭⠻⢿
⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣓⣔⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣄⠀⣸⣭⣭⣭⡿⠿⠿⠧⠀⠀⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣅⠀⣸⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⠀⠀
⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢨⣭⣭⣭⡭⢉⣩⣤⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣬⣉⠩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠀⠀
⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠒⠂⠒⠓⠒⢒⢓⠒⠒⠒⠓⢒⢒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠂⡖⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠩⠶⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠭⠥⠭⠥⢭⠭⠭⠥⠭⠥⠭⠬⠬⠭⠭⠭⠭⢭⣭⣭⣬⣭⣭⣯⣥⣥⣬⣥⣥⣭⣭⣭⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⠏⣴⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣷⡌⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⣼⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⡄⢶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣖⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣖⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣖⣒⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣩⣭⣙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠐⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠐⢶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣦⣶⣦⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣻⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣜⠿⠿⢟⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢰⡘⣿⣿⣋⣭⣻⢂⣀⣀⣸⣼⣿⣿⣼⢸⣿⣿⣩⣯⡉⣰⣉⣉⣉⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡿⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣷⣌⡛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣭⣍⣉⣉⣉⣭⣥⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣟⣛⣙⣋⣛⣛⣛⣋⣛⣻⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣟⣛⣟⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣛⡛⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣧⣬⣭⣯⣬⣵⣭⣥⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣋⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⡛⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⠻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⢤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠄⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣖⣒⣶⣶⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠟⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣖⣲⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣒⡘⠿⣿⣿⣟⣓⣛⣿⣿⣿⠟⣡⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣇⠿⠬⠬⠥⠤⠭⠼⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡶⠖⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣍⣛⣛⣛⣋⣩⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀
⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠈⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢀⣾⡿⠁⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⣼⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢸⣿⡏⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠘⠿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⢀⣾⣿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 246

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Argentina_One_of_the_Many_Countries_Where_Vista_11_s_Market_Sha.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Argentina_One_of_the_Many_Countries_Where_Vista_11_s_Market_Sha.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Argentina One of the Many Countries Where
Vista 11's Market Share Has Decreased, Not Increased (While GNU/Linux Goes
Upwards)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Argentina_Flag⦈_


THE last_post mentioned Argentina, so I've decided to check Windows_adoption
trends_there and, as it turns out, Vista_11_went_down_this_month, just like it
did in many other countries (we named some of these earlier this month).


To be clear, GNU/Linux_is_growing_there_this_year (Daniel has stories to tell
about the history of GNU/Linux adoption there) and it's_around_4%. █




⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣝⣯⣿⣿⡿⡿⣽⣳⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢮⣟⢿⡪⢊⣈⣁⡑⠝⢽⣿⡵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣛⡅⣰⡿⢿⡿⢿⣆⢙⣻⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣓⢆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡤⣽⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡿⣺⢕⡤⣍⠛⡛⠩⣠⡺⣿⠾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢯⡾⣾⣼⣷⣷⢷⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 302

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/IRC_Proceedings_Monday_August_12_2024.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/IRC_Proceedings_Monday_August_12_2024.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Monday, August 12,
2024⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Burned_trunks_of_charred_pine_trees_after_a_wildfire_in_the
hills_of_southern_California.⦈_


                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_


                                              #techrights_log                                                                                           #boycottnovell_log


                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_


                                         #boycottnovell-social_log                                                                                        #techbytes_log


===============================================================================
The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights
contain all the text.


                          Enter_the_IRC_channels_now




⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣤⣽⣿⡿⠃⢀⢉⣨⣁⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣄⢴⣤⣄⣀⣍⡛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⡅⢸⣿⣿⣿⠷⠛⠀⣡⣤⣴⣿⣷⣾⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢠⡆⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠚⠊⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠌⠻⢿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣶⣄⠙⠙⢿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⡉⠀⠈⠀⠈⢌⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣍⢤⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⡀
⣤⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠒⠀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠉⠁⠀⢠⡀⠐⠿
⠁⠰⠤⠾⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠉⣉⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢃⠀⠀⣄⡀⠟⣠⣼⠶⠈⠙⠛⣛⣛⣛⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡛⠋⠀⣀⢴⡿⢛⣴⡻⠂
⠀⠀⢄⡈⠙⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢴⣌⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠏⠩⠋⣀⢟⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣮⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣠⣴⢺⣡⣔⡹⠏⠀⠀
⡄⠀⠀⠘⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠉⠢⣌⠁⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⣳⡀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣴⣮⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠉⠃⠈⢉⢀
⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠘⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢘⣿⣶⡄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡓⢀⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢹⣿⣿⣇⣨⣀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿
⣦⢠⠀⠀⠘⡆⠀⠘⢻⡀⠀⠀⠠⠀⣀⠀⠠⠄⠙⢿⣿⣷⣌⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢀⣿⣿⣶⢾⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⡉⠑⡀⢿⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠟
⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⢰⢶⣶⣮⣿⣦⠐⢄⠀⠨⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡛⢀⣿⣿⣆⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣥⡈⠃⠃⠈⠋⠀⠈⠙⠂
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⠑⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠿⡄⠀⡀⠀⠀⠐⢮⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣧⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠁⡄⠀⢹⣾⢥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⢨
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⣤⡷⠀⡼⣟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠻⣿⣿⣿⢿⡇⢤⠀⠀⣴⣯⡀⢰⢷⣝⠸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠀⣛⡧⢰⡻⡅⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⡿⣿⣴⠈⠘⠏⠚⠓⢀⣴⣮⢽⡿⣳⠘⡟⣿⣧
⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣍⠉⠀⣟⣿⣿⣿⡇⢰⣿⡁⢠⠤⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠂⠀⠯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠂⠈⢈⡁⠂⠰⠽⣿
⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠇⠀⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⠁⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢸⡿⢱⣿⠀⠖⠦
⠀⠈⠛⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠃⣴⡄⠰⠿⣿⣿⠙⣿⣿⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢭⠀⠀⠛⢋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠜⢁⠇⡈⣷⣿⠽⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⣠⠀⣶⣦⡀⣤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣦⢤⠈⠋⠉⢻⠟⡿⣿⠳⠀⣘⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⣾⣿⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⢢⣆⢌⡃⢛⡛⠀⣛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠀⢈⣍⡛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠁⠐⠿⡅⠘⠈⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⡀⡀⢠⠀⠀⡀⠠⠁⣔⣇⠻⣟⣎⠃⠀⠉⡀⢰
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⢟⠟⢻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡇⢀⣀⠀⠠⠀⣸⣿⣷⡄⠘⠟⣴⠀⣸⣷⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠾⢦⣄⣤⣄⠀⠘⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⢠⣄⠀⣿⣿⡍⠀⡀⠀⠈⠀⠻⠛⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣷⣶⣮⣽⣛⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣰⢟⣁⡊⣿⣿⣿⡇⠑⠠⠆⠀⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢷⣄⢉⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⠀⣌⠀⠄⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢘⠊⠋⠀⡤⠀⠃
⣤⣀⣀⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⡔⣠⣠⣼⡄⢰
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⠿⡿⠄⠉⠹⢿⠿⣿⢿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡛⠛
⡻⠿⢛⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣿⡿⣏⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢠⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⢧⣄⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⠀⠀⠙⢷⠤⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠾⣧⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠴⣾⣷⣦⠀⠠⠝⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠘⠛⠉⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢊⢩⣽⠆⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠙⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣍⡗⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣫⣷⡄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡜⡇⠀⠀⣿⠈⠀⣀⡿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⡿⣇⢀⠰⡿⣯⣸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⢀⣾⣿⢿⠀⣿⣿⠇⣠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡑⣄⠃⠿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠹⡟⣍⣻⣿⡇⠀⣬⣿⠿⠉⣺⡟⠁⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣯⣷⣶⣦⡀⠺⣿
⣿⣿⣿⢯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣒⠀⢲⣿⡟⠀⣼⣿⣿⡃⠀⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣤⠘
⣿⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡺⠀⢠⣿⣿⡿⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠂⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣾⣿⣷
⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⢀⣿⡙⠁⠁⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢠⣿⣿⢷⠂⠠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠑⠯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣾⣿⣟⠀⣀⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣼⣿⣿⡿⢢⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⠆⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣉⢻⡿⢿⣿⠋⠀⣸⣿⡿⡏⠁⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡟⡦⠀⡾⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢠⣿⣯⣻⣿⣷⡸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠆⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢨⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⠱⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⠃⠀⣼⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⣄⣰⡎⡀⠀⢀⡃⠀⢀⡤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⠰⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠟⠛⠛⠉⠁⠒⠚⡻⠭⠙⠛⢁⠁⠀⠰⠟⠿⢋⣴⠟⠳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⢋⡀⢠⣿⠇⠀⠈⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡂⠀⠀⠀⢠⠆⠀⢠⡤⣄⠐⠾⠛⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣩⣿⡂⠘⠋⠀⠀⣣⢹⣦⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⢿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣠⣤⡄⠀⢀⣀⣠⠀⠐⠊⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢰⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢛⣽⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⣰⣾⡇⠿⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⡿⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣼⣫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⢰⡿⠿⠿⠟⠹⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⣿⣥⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢹⣿⠟⠀⢷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⠃⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⣼⣿⣧⠁⠀⠀⣀⡶⠒⣶⣆⣿⣿⣟⡅⠐⡷⢸⣿⣇⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣮⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢛⣛⣋⣉⣠⣤⠀⠄⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⣛⣡⣼⡿⠞⠐⢀⢄⣷⠛⠀⢻⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⠈⢈⠠⣿⡿⡁⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣖⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢩⡿⠚⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠟⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠈⣿⣿⠀⠉⡁⠀⠀⠘⠿⠆⠀⠈⠿⣷⣉⢸⠁⠀⠈⠀⡛⠗⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⡆⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢀⣄⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⠟⣰⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣾⠿⠇⠰⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣿⣿⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡈⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣸⣿⣏⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢿⣿⠏⠀⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠹⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢿⡏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠸⣿⠇⣠⣿
⣶⣯⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⣝⡾⢣⣷⣾⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠂⠀⢀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠈⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⠰⠈⡤⢸⣿⠿⠿⠇⠂⠁⠠⣿⣿
⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣬⣠⣴⣶⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣻⣭⡄⢈⣭⣵⠶⣿⡇⠀⠀⠁⠀⢶⣶⣶⣿⣷⡀⠈⠛⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣽⣿⣿⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡃⠀⢹⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⡇⠈⠠⣟⣽⣿⡇⠀⠒⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 562

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    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux
Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Long_view_of_Yosemite_Valley_central_California.⦈_


⚓  Updated This Past Day⠀⇛


   1. ⚓ Future_Ubuntu_Releases_Will_Ship_with_the_Latest_and_Greatest_Linux
      Kernel⠀⇛


           Canonical has finally given up and changed its policy for
           kernel version selection on Ubuntu releases, finally delivering
           the latest and greatest Linux kernel series starting with
           Ubuntu 24.10 in October 2024.


      ⚓  New⠀⇛


   2. ⚓ Python_Bans_Prominent_Dev_for_Enjoying_the_Wrong_Old_SNL_Sketch⠀⇛


           I could find no example of Tim Peters actually "Defending
           Reverse Racism" anyway. This appears to be made up entirely, as
           far as I can tell.


   3. ⚓ Audiocasts/Shows:_This_Week_in_Linux_and_Many_Videos⠀⇛


           Mostly Invidious


   4. ⚓ EU_Funding_for_Free_Software⠀⇛


           Comments by Google-funded front group


   5. ⚓ BSD,_Linux,_and_games⠀⇛


           today's leftovers


   6. ⚓ Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers⠀⇛


           FOSS picks and some DB stuff


   7. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Programming related picks


   8. ⚓ Chromium_(With_Rust_Complexity)_Makes_Life_Harder_for_Slackware_(un-
      Googled)_and_Chrome+Clones_Have_Malicious_Features_Other_Than_Google's
      and_Microsoft's⠀⇛


           getting worse over time


   9. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛


           many howtos for today


  10. ⚓ Security_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Security related stories


  11. ⚓ Donald_Trump_and_Local_Governments_Hit_by_Microsoft/Windows_TCO⠀⇛


           despite media spin


  12. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Does Galaxy Ring work with non-Samsung Android phones


  13. ⚓ Free_and_Open_Source_Software⠀⇛


           containerd is an industry-standard container runtime with an
           emphasis on simplicity


  14. ⚓ Canaima_–_Venezuelan_desktop_based_distribution⠀⇛


           Canaima Linux is a Venezuelan desktop distribution based on
           Debian


  15. ⚓ Review:_TrueNAS_24.04.2_"SCALE"⠀⇛


           TrueNAS is an operating system (or family of operating systems)
           sponsored by iXsystems for network attached storage systems


  16. ⚓ The_colors_of_GTK⠀⇛


           Everything is better in color. Even better if it is HDR


  17. ⚓ 9to5Linux_Weekly_Roundup:_August_11th,_2024⠀⇛


           The 200th installment of the 9to5Linux Weekly Roundup is here
           for the week ending on August 11th, 2024.


  18. ⚓ GameBar_Overlay:_A_Linux_Alternative_to_Microsoft_Game_Bar⠀⇛


           Discover a new GameBar Overlay GNOME extension for the GNOME DE
           that offers a similar experience to Microsoft's Game Bar, but
           for Linux.


  19. ⚓ Linux_6.11-rc3⠀⇛


           Nothing particularly strange or interesting going on, things
           look normal


  20. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛


           Some of the latest articles


  21. ⚓ Security_and_Windows_TCO⠀⇛


           Especially Windows TCO


  22. ⚓ Software_and_Debian_Activities⠀⇛


           Some more Free and non-free software


  23. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Programming related


  24. ⚓ Open_Hardware_and_Retro:_PineTime,_Pi,_and_Video_Game_Preservation⠀⇛


           hardware picks


  25. ⚓ Audiocasts/Shows:_Talk_by_Aleix_Pol_and_GNU_World_Order⠀⇛


           2 new shows/presentations


      =========================================================================
      The corresponding text-only bulletin for Monday contains all the text.
      Top-read articles (excluding bot/crawler visits):


                         Span from 2024-08-06 to 2024-08-12
      950 /n/2024/08/08/
          System76_Launches_Pop_OS_24_04_LTS_with_COSMIC_Alpha_Desktop_En.shtml


      897 /n/2024/08/05/
          Mozilla_Firefox_129_Is_Now_Available_for_Download_Here_s_What_s.shtml


      818 /n/2024/08/06/
          KDE_Plasma_6_1_4_Desktop_Released_with_Various_Improvements_and.shtml


      722 /n/2024/08/07/Programming_Leftovers.shtml


      685 /n/2024/08/10/DebConf24_Coverage.shtml


      668 /n/2024/08/09/
          Canonical_Announces_Shift_in_Ubuntu_Kernel_Selection_Strategy.shtml


      646 /n/2024/07/12/
          TUXEDO_launches_InfinityBook_Pro_14_Gen9_Linux_laptop.shtml


      635 /n/2024/08/10/
          1_in_10_Desktop_Laptop_Users_in_Sweden_Uses_a_Chromebook_Says_s.shtml


      620 /n/2024/08/08/today_s_howtos.shtml


      618 /n/2024/08/09/
          KDE_Frameworks_6_5_Released_with_Plasma_Wayland_and_Dolphin_Imp.shtml


      609 /n/2024/08/10/A_zero_day_flaw_using_the_0_0_0_0_IP_address.shtml


      596 /n/2024/08/08/Android_Leftovers.shtml


      591 /n/2024/08/09/today_s_howtos.shtml


      588 /n/2024/08/10/
          This_week_in_KDE_SVG_Breeze_cursors_and_more_thumbnails.shtml


      580 /n/2024/08/10/This_Week_in_GNOME_160_Web_Happening.shtml


      578 /n/2024/08/08/
          Join_us_in_saying_goodbye_to_our_beloved_office_on_August_16.shtml


      575 /n/2024/08/08/today_s_leftovers.shtml


      572 /n/2024/08/04/Manjaro_Linux_Unveils_Immutable_Variant.shtml


      565 /n/2024/08/10/today_s_howtos.shtml


      559 /n/2024/08/08/Security_Leftovers.shtml




⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⣀⣀⣠⢜⣽⡾
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣼⠟⣿⠏⠐
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠃⠀⠙⠀⢰
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣦⠀⠂⠀⠀⢀⣠⢹
⠝⠋⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢔⣟⡟
⢀⠀⠉⠟⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⠐⠂⠄⠑⠈⠉⠀⠀
⠈⠀⠷⣀⣠⠤⣾⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡆⠉⠣⢉⠀⣤⡟⠬⡱⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣺⠿⠀⠠⠀⡀
⣟⣷⢠⡆⢠⡙⠇⠐⣿⠯⢷⣴⡝⠿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣟⣽⣻⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠃⠂⢉⣌⡱⠚⢥
⡿⠿⠞⢷⣬⡁⠡⣄⣹⠀⣿⣿⣆⡀⠸⣟⢻⣿⣋⣹⠌⠘⢋⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡏⢃⣀⡀⡄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⡄⠿⢻⣧⡄⠹⣏⠀⣺⣿⣷⡹⡤⣀⣧⣸⣻⡩⠁⠀⢠⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⢀⡉⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⠌⡛⢀⣼⢿⡏⠠⠛⠗⣸⢗⣏⣷⡕⠭⣓⡝⡹⣷⠀⢟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢙⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐
⠋⣠⠨⠶⢀⣟⣇⣰⣷⡀⡜⢫⣿⢸⢷⣅⠈⣿⡇⢹⣷⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠹⣿⡏⡹⣿⣶⡿⠿⡿⠟⠛⠇⠀⠀⠀⡀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠠⠴⡤⢶⡶⢷⠀⠀⡀
⠔⠠⠄⠀⠌⠁⡿⡝⢬⡢⢦⣏⠱⡉⣾⢿⡧⡀⠛⠺⡿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠐⠚⢉⠉⢻⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢢⡄⢠⠀⠠⠄⠒⠀⠀⠀⢢⣤⡰⠀⢠⡌⠄⠀⠂⣷⡄⠀
⡈⢂⡀⢀⣈⡛⣀⠉⣸⣏⣀⠏⢀⡁⣉⣦⡘⠷⠓⠼⣷⠾⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠠⠙⡚⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠘⠊⠁⠀⠀⠠⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠘⠁⠨⣿⣿⠟⣿⠟⣹⣿⣦⢮⡙⠀⢉⣣⣄⠆⠛⠉⣛⣮⡟⢯⣝⢯⣽⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⢈⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣶⣄⣶⣾⣿⣾⣅⣠⣽⣏⣟⣛⣧⡀⠀⠘⠪⠢⣧⣆⠈⠳⣍⣙⣿⣛⣿⠛⣨⢍⣉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠹⡼⠅⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠋⠙⢻⠷⠿⠿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢷⡊⡣⠖⠋⢸⣋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⣄⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠗⠆⢴⣦⣰⠀⠰⠀⠁⠀⠙⠿⣽⡾⠘⠆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⡟⠤⠀⠀⢀⠐⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠄⣱⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣠⣤⠏⢿⣿⠶⠀⠀⠐⣆⡒⣧⣄⡆⠁⣇⠀⠠⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠄⢀⠈⠀⠙⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠁⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠧⠄⠀⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡿⡟⠉⢿⡿⠛⠓⠈⠀⠀⢺⡖⣼⡿⣷⣽⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠂⢁⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⠉⠀⠀
⢁⠀⠀⡏⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠐⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⣀⠴⣄⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠠⢠⠄⣔⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠉⢀⠈⠉⢛⠚⠋⠀⠀⠘⣦⣠⣷⣀⣰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣬⡀⠀⠀⠉⠐⢺⣁⡰⣀⠀⣀⡴⢠⠁⣽⣿⣷⣀⣀⡠⣧⠀⣤⣀⣀⣠⣀⡀⠀⢀⣤⣤⢄⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⢩⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢛⣏⠘⠋⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠆⡴⠛⠃⢀⠀⠀⠰⢬⡗⠈⠋⡽⢳⣿⡛⢛⣗⣾⣾⢿⢿⢿⣿⣌⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣊⡉⠉⠉⠛⣋⠹⢶⠀⠀⠠⣄⡔⣪⠡⠂⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠁⠘⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡒⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⢈⠀⣤⣷⡶⢶⣈⠀⠸⢯⣿⡿⠃⠀⣬⣿⡷⡿⠻⡻⡟⠆⠀⠈⠀⠐⠄⠀⢁⣪⣶⣾⢿⠍⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 854

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Software_Freedom_in_Perspective_Part_1_Relativism_in_a_World_Th.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Software_Freedom_in_Perspective_Part_1_Relativism_in_a_World_Th.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Software Freedom in Perspective - Part 1 -
Relativism in a World That Became Harsher⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Set_photos_with_the_maras,_rodent_from_Argentina⦈_


Response to The_bulshitification_of_freedom


THIS week I heard from a reader who had expressed some views about what freedom
came to mean, at least in his homeland, Argentina. He wrote an essay about 20
pages long and I wanted to respond to it because he raises some legitimate
points. A discussion between us will follow (much later). I will try to give
him the podium, maybe correct some typos along the way, and respond only where/
when I must.


     § Disclaimer⠀➾


         This article is a response to “Software_Enshittification_or
     Freedom?_It’s_not_a_hard_choice!”, by Alexandre_Oliva, and published
     on_Techrights.


         I’m a daily Techrights reader since 16 years now, it’s my web
     browser’s home page, and with the course of years I even had the
     pleasure of exchanging messages with doctor Roy Schestowitz several
     times. I love the Techrights. However, my comments are frequently
     critical, and this time is no exception. For this reason I prefer to
     begin with clarifying my admiration for Dr. Schestowitz’s work, which
     I found exemplary, and that my dissents are not personal against him
     or his work but the product of contrasting his publications and my
     own experiences as part of the collective we share: the free software
     global community. Techright’s work is invaluable, and I recommend it
     every time I have the chance.


         In the same spirit, I’m aware that Alexandre Oliva has years of
     dedicated work on free software, by which he has earned the love and
     respect of the community. I’m going to be critical here about some
     aspects of his latest article, even going to the point of using harsh
     language, and I don’t wish such criticism to be understood as a
     direct appreciation about him or his work: I also believe what he
     does is necessary, to criticize is much easier than standing up in
     front of an auditory full of people to defend your ideas, and there’s
     not even a comparison point between criticism through internet and to
     dedicate decades on protecting and divulging an eminently social
     project as is the case with free software or even the very GNU.
     Trying to lower in any way the value of Mr. Oliva’s work could not be
     more far from my intentions.


         The point of this article is focusing on what I consider a very
     serious vocabulary deficiency, and thus also communicational,
     philosophical, and political, of free software movement, around the
     word “freedom”. Which is something I’ve_already_talked_about_before,
     and been doing for years.


Indeed, we've published some articles to that effect. We use the word "rights",
too. Not the same as freedom.


         I also must note that I speak Spanish: English is not my first
     language, so this article may have some weird expressions and most
     likely lots of syntax errors. I expect it to be understandable for
     English readers nonetheless.


     § Context matters⠀➾


         With all that considered, today is a very special day here in
     Argentina: it’s the second general_nation-wide_strike against the
     policies of the government that started barely 5 months ago. In that
     context I did not work today, by what I had some free time for my own
     interests, and I was thinking on using it to fix some of the several
     problems I have with my mobile phone using PostmarketOS. It was then
     that I accessed Mr. Oliva’s text through Techrights, during my
     morning coffee. And the first thing I felt reading it was a deep
     discomfort.


         Mr. Oliva tells us that, between enshittified software and free
     software, the choice is not hard. It’s the very article’s title, and
     it alone should scandalize anyone with minimal knowledge in the
     matter between its implicit lack of touch with objective reality and
     its close distance with hypocrisy, all that in a very light tone that
     even had the intention of being somehow funny. And this discourse
     wasn’t even in a divulgation context, with an auditorium strange to
     free software: it was for LibrePlanet, where most people use free
     software and knows its history and details. Considering that Mr.
     Oliva is a public and important figure inside the community, a
     referent, and also considering that I can very rarely participate in
     this kind of community events -because I have very little free time-,
     I immediately asked myself: is this the kind of stuff the community
     is talking about? Are this the discursive lines our references tell
     us to follow?


         No, Mr. Oliva, I’m afraid you’re deeply mistaken: choosing free
     software is hard. VERY hard. TOO hard, I dare say. And I have my
     serious suspicions that our leaders/references and the course of our
     communities has a lot to do with that. But let’s take a look at this
     argument by contrasting my context with your article.


This seems like a good and adequate point to interject. Free software does not
have to be hard. It depends a lot on old habits. To me, using some "smart"
phone would likely be "hard"; I am not accustomed to those things. Using "apps"
would also bee harder than paying cash to a person. The list goes on and on.


For sure, what's always hard is deviating or shifting away from societal norms
because people get offended when their lifetime-long lifestyle is rejected by
some "outsider" and then they "offer to help" or instead shame/humiliate the
person.


It's easier for oneself to simply reject the idea one is wrong. Change others,
not oneself.


Peer pressure can be turned down and turned off.


This may be hard... as long as that person still "gives a shit". The moment you
stop "giving a shit" what other people think (while they waste their dinner
table time "playing Facebook"), the better.


Freedom in the software sense does not have to be hard. There are usually
analogue alternatives out there. Here in the UK, options that don't require a
computer or alternative activities typically exist.


     § The tip of the iceberg⠀➾


         Mr. Oliva tells us about different types of software
     enshittification in different contexts, both historical and
     operational. Stuff we all know and hate like forced updates, software
     stores, remote policying, inability to go back to previous versions,
     and so on and so on. Please go read the full article, as in this
     regards is actually fruitful if you don’t know what we’re talking
     about here. I believe all of Mr. Oliva’s remarks are true:
     enshittification is a real phenomenon, he’s not the first one to
     mention it (as he adequately clarifies), and it’s an actual and
     important issue that we all need to pay attention to. That’s all
     fine, and the problem with his article of course is not there. The
     problem is how he talks about it, specially to force his
     interpretations as if it where some kind of “common sense”. So it’s
     important to take a look at his arguments.


         Let’s begin by this quote:


          (…) It seems to me that it would be more advantageous to
          break that cycle, by choosing something that is not
          enshittifiable. When it comes to software, that means
          software that serves you, instead of being controlled by a
          third party, statically or dynamically, or that could lock
          you in. It means Software Freedom. (…)


         Really? “Software Freedom” protects us from enshittification?
     Just like that? That’s your argument?


         You see Mr. Oliva, that’s some tricky wording there. What
     “Software Freedom” are you talking about? Are you refering to the
     four freedoms, the GPL licence, and so on? This, basically? Because,
     let me tell you Mr. Oliva, that didn’t saved us from SystemD,
     PulseAudio, Gnome, Wayland, Snap/Flatpak/whatever, and lots and lots
     of other painful examples of people doing free software and
     aggressively pushing it into our lives as different kinds of “common
     sense” that rather sooner than later becomes de-facto standards: some
     of them based in the power their origin organization had over the
     GNU/Linux community, others using tactics like the ones Microsoft
     took from the illegal drugs market -a fake “it’s free, try it” first
     step, with later monetization in mind, while infecting the culture in
     the meantime-, others talking about the burdens of maintainance of
     previous software, others talking about the future in mobile devices…
     all “common sense”, even the drug-dealing stuff when you consider a
     profit point of view. All of that enshittified to the point of
     creating wars inside our own communities: from forks of forks of
     forks of Gnome since about 15 years ago all of them justified in
     “Gnome being enshittified”, to entire distros trying to avoid SystemD
     -emphasys on trying, not always succeding, which speaks volumes-. And
     what exactly did you mean by “[not] being controlled by a third
     party” in this context where RedHat or Debian or Canonical or whoever
     decide something and then we all need to adapt to it even against our
     will? Perhaps you weren’t talking about that kind of “Software
     Freedom”? If there is a way to be free from the problems of Free/
     Libre Software enshittification, please let us know Mr. Oliva,
     because we FLOSS people could really take a break from all of that
     crap we’ve been force-feeding on since more than a decade by now.


         The first problem with the article is that supposed “common
     sense” implied in its non-argumentation about FLOSS being
     unenshittificable, which is not “common sense” at all but rather an
     agenda. Telling people “FLOSS is unenshittificable” is an agenda
     related to some organization. SystemD, Wayland, those horrible
     container formats, and so on, were and are all agendas related to
     some organizations. This are all organizations with different
     interests in mind: economical, social, political, technical. The
     problem is not having agendas, which is something I encourage: the
     problem is telling bullshit to support such agendas. And half truths,
     without a proper context, are bullshit.


         This by itself alone seems nitpicking, so I’ll expand by giving
     proper context to such half truths, by constrasting such bullshit
     with my own story and experience, including my entrance by choice
     into the FLOSS world. However, as it’s most likely a long and boring
     text, you can skip all that personal context just jumping here.


One upside of Microsoft systemd (yes, Microsoft) is that it shows licensing
isn't enough. We need to think further and look ahead. In the case of the Web,
standards still exist, but one can see where they lead to and where "modern"
browsers gravitate. Many "less famous" browsers already don't work with many
Web sites, or rather, many sites refuse to work with them.


Software freedom does not mean we won't be controlled by Microsoft satellites
like Canonical (or Novell); it typically means that our chances of - and means
for - rescuing ourselves are massively better. There are already some distros
that work towards removing systemd and many operating systems that don't have
systemd at all (and still work fine; we used Alpine for years).


In relative terms, LXO (Oliva) speaks of "first world problems". And I get
that, to many people their hierarchy of needs involves immediate survival. I've
long believed that those fortunate enough to only experience "first world
problems" have an implicit obligation to society; they have "privilege" that
helps them tackle big issues; many of them become Debian Developers and others
become consumption-wary environmentalists.


LXO is dealing with a few "sub-problems" (e.g. making the kernel(.org) free/
libre), he may sometimes focus on the tree rather than the whole forest, but
together we can make technology work better for all users. The moment nobody
resists the Pentagon-subsidised tech giants is the dark time they make
everybody's life miserable without being impeded, not even publicly criticised.
█


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Merced River flows calmly through the Yosemite Valley in
                             central California.⦈




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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⣼⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠽⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⣼⡿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠉⠀⠀⢻⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⣤⣴⣦⣤⣀⣀⠀⢀⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡤⣬⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠂⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⠇⢋⢛⣋⣩⣽⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣠⣀⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣏⣻⣿⣿⣿⡻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣟⣿⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⢺⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⠂⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡦⠴⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣍⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿
⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠆⣈⠅⢍⢿⣿⣷⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⡌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠐
⢧⡶⣏⡿⡕⣻⢺⣿⣿⡿⣰⡧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠄⡀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠬
⠀⣘⡧⠥⠁⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢨⡿⣼⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⠨⣑⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣡⣻⣿⡿⣾⡇⠦⣽⣿⣿⣁⢬⣁⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣦⡀⠂⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠿⢽⣕⣿⢂⠐⣿⣽⣿⢿⣿⣯⡈⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣿⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀
⢠⠦⠤⠄⣮⣩⣆⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣳⣿⣿⣿⣾⠗⣿⢽⣏⣿⣿⣿⠯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠅⣶⠾⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀
⠀⢭⣲⠈⡓⠏⢗⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣽⣏⣈⣾⠋⣿⢇⣿⣇⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣝⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠉⠲⡔⠁⠀⣌⣻⢻⠟⣬⣷⣻⣿⣏⡿⣾⣿⣻⡷⣷⣷⣿⣿⡏⣸⣻⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⣢⣖⠀⡀⠂⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠
⠀⠀⠀⠮⠀⢀⣰⣿⠿⡿⣦⣹⣿⣟⡻⣫⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢭⣻⡯⣍⢭⣽⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⠷⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣵
⠀⠀⠰⡄⠀⡍⠻⣾⣿⣗⣵⣿⣿⣴⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠾⣷⣿⣿⣽⣊⠿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡗⣰⠈⠂⠈⠀⠚⡠⠀⠀⠔⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠢⠀⠰⢤⠀⠂⢓⢈⠐⣨⣅⣴⠻⠿⢿⢿⣿⣻⢟⢿⡿⢿⣿⡶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⡇⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢈⠠⣰⢦⣒⠋⠻⣿⣟⢣⣽⣷⣿⣷⣬⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⢾⣅⡿⣳⡿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣳⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⣄⢴⠀⠠⠤⢒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣀⣈⢾⣿⠟⠇⠸⡻⠉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⡿⣟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⠜⡴⡦⣹⣿⡿⣿⣾⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢩⣼⡇⣠⣲⡳⢫⠡⡁⣱⡃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡈⠪⢾⣝⠁⣥⣩⣠⣾⣿⡦⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡿⠻⣂⣬⣿⣯⣯⣿⣟⡻⢭⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣤⣿⣭⠀⠀⢙⠁⢽⣿⣷⣦⣏⡋⠁⠓⢿⡃⢳⠠⣧⡮⢼⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⢻⣿⣿
⣷⡶⠗⢤⣏⣻⠿⢯⡰⠶⡂⠈⠈⢿⠯⡛⣿⢿⡉⠿⣯⣿⣿⠻⣫⣿⣿⣏⣹⡓⣙⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣥⢹⣿⣿⣿⢛⣷⣿⣿⡬⢍⠜⠁⠀⠀⠀⠨⠀⠙⣿⡻⣾⣯⡀⠀⠀⡯⠿⠀⡈⣢⣿⣿⡿⣷⣿⣿⢤⣿⣟⠛
⣿⢟⢶⣾⠞⡍⡛⢢⠈⠁⠠⠄⠀⣩⡴⣿⡖⣦⣠⣿⢿⣟⢭⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⠏⢾⣾⡗⡈⣾⣿⣏⣣⣔⣻⣿⡕⠀⠴⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣡⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⡠⠀⣴⣼⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠋⠈⡘⣁⠏⠀
⠁⠀⠀⢹⠗⡠⢬⣜⡆⠠⣤⣽⣷⣬⠛⢋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣶⣦⣟⣻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢠⣺⣏⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣭⣿⣿⣶⡄⡀⠄⢄⢦⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣙⡗⠄⢠⢾⠟⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠁⠀⠀
⣷⣶⣤⣠⣿⣦⣷⣼⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣮⡄⡴⠁⠉⠛⠻⠛⠿⡿⠿⢶⡷⠞⢀⣿⠙⢻⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣟⣴⣿⣿⣷⣽⡴⠿⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⣟⢛⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠟⢻⣿⡛⠛⠀⡀⠠⠙⠀⠘⠓⠦⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠈⣾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠿⠿⢷⠦⢾⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣅⣤⣤⣴⡆⠀⢼⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣳⣿⣶⣿⣿⣤⡒⢾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣭⣤⡴⠖⠂⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠟⠉⢫⠽⣿⠿⠋⠐⠀⠀⠀⢩⢭⣭⣭⣥⣤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⠅⢀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣤⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⣻⣿⣥⣀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠔⠂⠑⠯⠉⢉⢛⣷⣽⣿⣯⣃⣀⣀⡈⠊⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣤⣶⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1175

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Software_Freedom_in_Perspective_Part_2_The_Promising_Early_Days.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Software_Freedom_in_Perspective_Part_2_The_Promising_Early_Days.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Software Freedom in Perspective - Part 2 -
The Promising Early Days of the Web, Ruined by
Microsoft⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Dancing_the_tango_for_tips_in_Buenos_Aires⦈_


Response to The_bulshitification_of_freedom


THIS MORNING'S opening_part included Daniel's grudge, which can be crudely
summed up as, here we have those people who talk about "freedom" in relation to
mundane things and principles while other people starve, struggle to survive,
and occasionally contemplate suicide.


This second part is a lot more positive. Daniel recalls the Web in the 90s and
just over 20 years ago. Being around his age, I can relate to an extent. As
before, I will interject only where I must.


     § The web⠀➾


         I’m a programmer since the late 90’s, and back then we all knew
     there was this “linux” thing around but that was for some specialists
     and shit: real life day-to-day computing here in LATAM was done in
     DOS and Windows, so we all programmed MS stuff. Also, MS tools were
     cool: Visual Studio 5 and 6 were light years away from any other
     programming tool I ever had contact at that moment. It was easy, it
     was actually a pleasure to use such tools, and we were very
     productive with them. I made lots of amazing software in Visual
     Basic, from document managing stuff to online games automation by
     speech recognition or even full system remote control backdoors. It
     was fun, engaging, and it gave me a future in the work market that
     the rest of my family didn’t had -all of them without ever stepping
     into a campus in their life-. And I could have all of that by sheer
     force of will: all of it was self-taught using MSDN CDs and free
     time.


         It was also the time internet went online, and I was really into
     HTML and JavaScript. You see, it was the future: I’m talking about
     the time where you could buy homepages. With ActiveX I could do
     amazing web stuff, but I wasn’t so sure about it given that it didn’t
     worked the same in Netscape, and for cross-browser stuff had to deal
     with Java plugins, which in turn required better software training
     and using less productive tools… so I stick to JavaScript. DHTML
     promised so much! But I was smart, so instead of popular tools like
     some version of DreamWeaver for web, I used Visual Interdev to learn
     about the internals of every DOM available object by its fantastic
     “intellisense”. After a year or so using that, ActiveX and MS web
     stuff wasn’t that bad at all.


         If you take a look at what_was_the_situation_in_Argentina_at_the
     turn_of_the_millenium -when I was 18 years old-, you’d know that we
     were all really looking for a job here, and I was not the exception.
     Lots of stories comes to mind about that, but let’s focus on the one
     that matters here and now: I actually went to get my first non-gag
     job in the IT industry, as a web programmer. And let me tell you: I
     felt I knew my shit. I did some web works that were advanced even by
     today standards. Stuff like an entire desktop alternative to the one
     Windows offered by the time, using its IE+ActiveX integration to run
     custom software while rendering a web page as a desktop background
     taking designs from futuristic videogames with animations and
     interactions, adding speech synthesis and recognition to it, and some
     updatable database with stuff I frankly can’t remember anymore but
     DAMN it was cool and I was so proud of myself: my whole ambition was
     to make an entire 3D desktop that could load Doom or Quake maps,
     transforming the concept of “the desktop” into a virtual world with
     the “windows” being just another thing to interact to, but of course
     never got that far.


         I was so into the web possibilities, that I even had an epiphany
     once about the web. I realized the way the web was maturing, so fast
     and so powerful, there would be a time not long into the future when
     any UI would be possible to be done with only web pages. Basically,
     just replace your shell with a browser, and that’s it. If that turns
     out to be possible, then there would be no need for computers to be
     that powerful anymore as videogames were already demanding, as
     everything would be processed on remote servers: that would mean very
     cheaps computers for everyone, everywhere. So I had this plan: I was
     going to make a new operating system that would directly boot into
     internet, and a web browser would be its shell. And even pick a name
     for it: “Internet Operating System”, or “IOS”. So I convinced my
     family that buy me an assembler book in order to learn how to make an
     operating system. Didn’t past much longer from a “hello world”, and
     that was that.


         Whatever, eventually the web job interview came, and I was SO
     confident. And then they gave me a computer to complete an exam, but
     inside of it had no Visual Interdev or anything Visual Studio related
     but notepad, and at its side a very fat book instead of MSDN CDs.
     None of it was a big problem: I really knew my stuff. I was already
     in the “made_with_notepad” movement, so not having an editor was
     normal for me, and the interview tasks were all stuff I already knew
     how to do: some onclicks, some forms, some styling magic, all the
     basics. Yet, it had to be cross-browser. And my stuff wasn’t working
     well in Netscape. I loved Netscape, it was my browser of choice, and
     usually did my stuff cross-browser, so I was also familiar with it.
     But from some time to that point I switched to MS stuff in order to
     do weird dynamic webs like the one I told before, so I was kinda
     rusty on crossbrowseriness. And so my stuff kept working badly in
     Netscape. For those who weren’t there: there wasn’t a “javacript
     console” like the ones we have now. Netscape had a “console” of
     sorts, but I didn’t understand the messages it told me, and didn’t
     had much interaction to offer either; and IE didn’t even had anything
     close to a console without some added plugin not yet invented by that
     time. No, we debugged web pages by adding lots of alert clauses back
     then. And I had trouble even with my alerts.


         So time passed, minutes turned to hours, and I could not make it
     work on Netscape. I wasn’t familiar with the usage of the big fat
     book for documentation, had no proper training in programming so lots
     of concepts were out of my reach, and so the book made things worse.
     I even began to panic at some time, which obviously didn’t help.
     There was extra stuff going on that added stress to the situation,
     because the Argentina’s economical situation wasn’t the only thing
     pressing my head and soul to get that job: I needed to get away from
     my bad family environment so needed the job to pay a rent, I was in
     love with some girl that also happened to live near that place I was
     about to get a job, and other details of different nature going on in
     my life. It was a dream job. At the end of the afternoon I didn’t
     fully finished the exam, Netscape never worked well with my code, and
     went home with a broken heart knowing I wasn’t going to get that job.


         When I got back home, I took a look at what the actual hell
     happened. And quickly I was reminded of some nasty detail I forgot
     during the exam. As part of the browser wars, MS implemented its own
     broken version of JavaScript, named JScript. It looked the same, but
     had some “upgrades” and “improvements” that made it “easier to use”
     and “easier to read” and stuff like that. One of those marvels of
     software engineering was direct DOM access by naming convention: in
     JScript, instead of something like “document.getElementById
     (‘thing1’).property”, I could just do “document.thing1.property”. So
     much better! So intuitive! And so non-standard at all, by which it
     silently failed in Netscape or gave hard to understand messages in
     its console, given that it was syntactically proper JavaScript but
     pointing to nowhere. I’m not sure if JScript also was case-
     insensitive, by which I believe was also bitten that time. Whatever
     the case, had I just stick to proper JavaScript it would have worked
     out great, and maybe I would have gotten that job.


         That was the first time I was angry at Microsoft. It was the
     first time I felt it was not my friend. Before that, I LOVED
     Microsoft products. But after that experience, I never EVER again
     deviated from proper/native/actual/vanilla JavaScript, and actually
     used Netscape as my testing ground, which in turn got me away from
     ActiveX and Visual Studio and everything else MS had to offer for the
     web.


         First important note: take a look at how the browser wars
     impacted on real people’s lives. Not getting a job in times of crisis
     is no joke, and we’re talking about really serious crisis here: we
     had 6 presidents in a week, we had riots, looting, people killed in
     the streets, we had 20%+ unemployment, we had a totally destroyed
     industry, we had several different currencies in different regions…
     the country was about to dissolve. Imagine the kind of stuff families
     were talking about in everybody’s homes: crying and screaming was
     usual, nobody knew what to do, parents couldn’t guarantee a plate of
     food for tomorrow or even tonight to their children… I was dealing
     with a total absence of future and my programming skills were the
     salvation, then my salvation failed me. Have you any idea of how that
     feels? The levels of distress, of anguish it involves? The
     powerlessness? I was 18, and so dealing with lots of emotional stuff
     just by my age, but no matter if you were 40 or 50 let me tell you:
     suicide was always on the table. In my case I survived of course, and
     got away from the 90’s with only alcoholism. But that kind of stuff
     is absent from the usual browser wars tale: they talk about Microsoft
     vs Netscape, about who won and who lost and why, about business or
     even technical stuff, but almost never about what it did to people.


         So life went on, and at least on the web I learned my lesson and
     took a step away from Microsoft embracing standards. I was one of
     those people loudly fighting against Internet Explorer with nails and
     teeth: not because of any clear ideology, but because of experience.
     It can happen again I said, it can happen to you I told other people.
     Yet that other people didn’t care, and truth is we all kept using
     Windows. Funny thing: I stayed in Windows 2000, and then used Server
     2003, but never XP. XP looked like a fraud to me, as it had little to
     no difference to w2k (if you disabled its new UI styling), it used
     more resources, and with no benefit whatsoever. It was already a
     known issue that version changing for the version changing (since
     w95) but using more resources: “fatware” was called back in the day.
     Whatever, IE6 stayed there for a long time, and with everybody using
     Windows it was a de-facto standard. Also, I knew very well the w2k
     internals, so was comfortable with it: knew how to tune up to my
     liking, had my “portable software” in a booteable CD (back then it
     was just “software”), and felt safe against an already out of control
     malware scene by not using IE and not installing crap.


         I tried a “linux” back in 2001. As the country collapsed,
     computer sellers couldn’t afford to legally include Windows in the
     computers, and so computers started to be sold with “linux”. Can’t
     remember which distros. Tried a redhat CD that came with a magazine.
     It was kinda cool, having multiple environments to choose from, and
     having a package manager: I was all about tuning the system and
     changing the visual environment in Windows. But didn’t had any games
     nor MS Office, and even if it had Netscape truth is most web required
     IE already, so the appeal faded fast. Also, it was cool to make work
     my 14400 bauds modem with “linux”, but I also broke it somehow by
     triggering some background connect/disconnect infinite loop that
     didn’t even faded away after a reboot, so went back to w2k.


         I kept doing gigs and small -but amazing- programming stuff until
     I could finally get a formal IT job in 2006. I was so happy! I was
     already in my first year studying Linguistics, and could pay for a
     room with my salary, so finally lived my own. And went to linguistics
     because A) I still was in that “self-taught is enough” mindset
     regarding programming, B) I wanted to mix programming with narrative
     -science + arts- to explore my own theories about artificial
     intelligence -I was the only one I knew with fantasies about that-,
     and C) I wanted to be with people with a kin mindset, looking for
     having both friends and sex adventures. So I was a strange guy
     talking about technology and programming in a place where people was
     mostly thinking about books and social science, or even a strange guy
     talking about books and social science where people was talking about
     technology and programming.


         Whatever the case, I was fighting every fight I had the chance to
     make the web browser-agnostic, and to make it more and more powerful
     as I knew it could be done. It was the “web 2.0” age, before HTML5.
     By that time there was Firefox in web, Google already was dominant in
     search engines and avant-garde in web tech -Google wasn’t a variable
     during the browser war-, and it explicitly supported Firefox against
     IE6, so there was some momentum. Yet nothing Google made at the time
     was as revolutionary for web development as was something else that
     happened in Firefox’s ecosystem: Firebug. And for those who doesn’t
     know what I’m talking about: it’s the birth of what we know now as
     “developer tools” in any current browser. The pressure against IE6
     was strong enough that MS had to do something, and that’s how IE7 saw
     the light. But no matter, we the “web 2.0” fighters did a good fight
     in order to make the web interoperable -thank you jquery! we still
     love you!-, big players also had their grudge with Microsoft, and by
     2007 the mobile phones were changing dramatically, so stuff like home
     bankings and goverment agencies started to had their websites
     compatible with Firefox. Google eventually created Chrome by 2008
     IIRC, and it took a while but by that time most of our common stuff
     could be made through websites somehow. The web, finally, was no
     longer the future.


The first time I made a Web site it was in Geocities. For those who don't know
what Geocities is or don't understand the "old Web", way before Yahoo! and
blogs people could open an account online, upload some HTML files and image
(graphics) files, then link them together and present (typically) some
index.htm(l) with a personal set of pages. There were of course limits/quotas,
not (yet) ads, and the functionality was nowhere near what exists today. But it
generally worked. I think my first Geocities site was made when I was 15 or 16.
I boasted about the address to some mates in school, showed it to my aunt, and
I learned more as I went along (also by studying the source of other Geocities
sites).


Years later I'd handle a site hosted by a "real" webhost, not via a Web
interface like Geocities. FTP was very common back then and I think my first
webhost used FreeBSD. Internet Explorer "infestation" had already begun and
many people expected that pages should be rendered to work in Windows (with
Internet Explorer) and that was just about enough. Thankfully, those days are
long gone, but now we have different (but in some ways similar) issues.


Daniel would later complain about the retreat to Gemini and some Utopian
visions.


Understandably, Utopian visions can be sort of obnoxious when life gets tough
and priorities unavoidably change. █


                   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Colours of Argentina⦈




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⢀⣰⠴⠀⠷⣴⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣦⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⣿⡝⢢⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣶⣶⣾⠿⢿⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⠤⠤⢦⣼⣿⡏⡱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣹⣷⣿⡃⢀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⣭⣿⣷⣶⣿⣏⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣛⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⢀⠀⣄⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣣⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠈⢀⣿⣿⣿⣀⣠⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣻⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠿⠿⢶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⢰⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠓⠚⣾⣿⠋⠉⠉⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿
⠊⡹⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠉⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣭⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠨⣿⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣞⣴⣿⣿⣿⣯⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠩⠏⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⢿⣷⣭⠟⠓⡢⠿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡆⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣖⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠴⠿⣿⡇⠀⠁⠈⢁⠀⠀⠀⠆⢲⣤⣠⡄⠀⠀⣷⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣾⡏⠙⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠛⢻⣿⣥⣤⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⠟⠏⣩⣿⣅⠀⠀⢸⣿⣤⡀⣀⣀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡘⠿⠿⡟⠧⠢⢤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠻⣿⣿⠃⣀⣤⣄⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⠀⠈⠛⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣏⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⠋⡈⢹⡛⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢹⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⠘⢿⣿⠟⠙⠿⠛⢿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⢹⡟⠈⠁⠀⠉⠈⠉⠉
⢲⣦⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣯⣀⣀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢘⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⢿⡄⠻⣿⣏⠛⠶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠤⠴⠅⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⡴⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣷⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀
⠸⡿⢶⣤⣤⣤⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⡟⠓⠒⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⢬⣿⣤⣤⣆⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⣸⣿⣿⡿⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⢿⣶⣶⣶⠾⡻⠿⠏
⣴⢿⡀⠉⠿⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠀⣿⢿⡟⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣷⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢰⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡇⠀⢰⣾⠁⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠘⣧⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠇⠀⣼⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡏⠉⠉⢩⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⠉⠉⢸⠀⠀⣿⣏⣙⣿⣿⢸⣿⣧⢸⣿⡟⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡯⠥⠄⠀⠀⣿⡄⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣼⡏⡉⠀⢐⣿⣿⣷⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿
⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⡀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⢿⣿⠈⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣅⣀⣀⣂⣀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡦⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠘⡇⣿⣿⠟⠻⠿⠿⠿⡏⠁⠀⠈⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠃⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⢃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢛⡯⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡏⣙⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⠙⣡⡀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠄⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠚⠛⠀⢀⠠⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣡⣿⡟⢛⣛⣛⣉⣀⣀⣾⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢀⢸⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠸⠛⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣾⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⣠⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣛⣿⠿⠟⠋⢁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣸⠇⢿⣶⣄⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⠿⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣇⡀⠠⡄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢰⣿⠀⠠⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠘⢿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠼⠋⠀⠈⠀⢻⣿⣿⣌⠙⠛⠃⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠗⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⡀⠀⢸⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢀⠁⠀⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡇⢸⣶⣶⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⡼⠀⢰⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢠⡇⠀⣸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡏⡿⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠠⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠻⠿⣿⠃⠀⣾⠁⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢳⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠩⡒⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠄⡀⠀⠀⠛⠀⢠⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⣼⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠍⠂⠀⠀⠀⠑⠌⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠙⠀⠀⡿⢿⢧⡿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠡⢐⠀⠀⠀⢌⠅⠅⠀⢐⢀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣤⠀⠀⠁⠀⢸⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠬⡂⠀⠀⠀⠐⠅⠀⠀⣐⡐⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡄⠀⠃⠀⢺⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡀⠅⠀⠀⠀⢐⠅⠀⠨⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⢸⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣷⣭⣻⢿⣿⣿⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1534

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/The_Corporate_Media_Says_Microsoft_the_Security_Culprit_Not_Exp.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/The_Corporate_Media_Says_Microsoft_the_Security_Culprit_Not_Exp.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ The Corporate Media Says Microsoft (the
Security Culprit, Not Expert) Found Iranian Intervention and OpenVPN Holes, But
the Real Issue is Microsoft Windows⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Double_Facepalm⦈_ Since Windows_has_back_doors, which isn't
a secret anymore, running a 'secure' tunnel on OpenVPN atop Windows is worse
than useless


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_primary_goal_of_this_security_advisory_is_to_clarify
 that_these_are_not_zero-day_vulnerabilities._It's_important_to_note_that_this
      issue_is_specific_to_Windows_and_is_not_all_that_easy_to_exploit.⦈_


The corporate media got it so wrong that instead of blasting Microsoft for
serious security breaches (that constitute foreign intervention in elections,
too) it has portrayed Microsoft as both expert and saviour.


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Microsoft will save us from its bug doors by... reporting
                    bugs? VPN: goodmorningidiot, 11111334⦈




⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⢶⣤⣿⣷⣴⡄⢠⣾⢿⣿⣟⠃⠀⢀⣀⠀⠙⢻⣇⣠⣤⣤⣀⣀⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⣿⠿⢹⣿⣾⣿⠿⢿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣁⣙⣿⡆⠀⢻⣯⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡟⠋⢠⣾⣇⣼⣿⡇⢀⣾⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠛⠉⠀⠀⠈⠙⠃⢸⣿⠉⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠋⠉⠸⡿⠉⠁⠈⠿⠿⠿⠟⠳⠶⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣀⣀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢰⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⡄⢸⡇⠀⣀⣤⣄⣠⣤⣤⣦⣠⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠋⠻⣿⡇⠸⣿⣥⣿⠿⣿⠹⣿⣾⡷⣿⡇⣿⣦⣼⣿⣏⣉⣈⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠉⠀⠋⠘⠁⠘⠁⠋⠈⠛⠃⠙⠿⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⠀⢸⣿⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣀⢀⠀⢠⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⠀⠸⠏⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣸⣷⣿⣿⣏⣀⡀⠀⠀⢰⡆⣴⡆⠀⠀⠘⣯⡙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠈⠙⠈⠛⢻⡏⠀⠀⠸⠃⠨⠽⠇⠀⠠⡌⢻⣾⣟⣻⣶⣖⢤⡤⠀⡄⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠇⠀⠈⠉⠊⠙⠚⠛⠛⠛⣏⠻⣇⣀⡀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣶⡇⢀⡠⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣷⣠⣾⣻⣦⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠀⠘⠷⠊⠹⢤⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢠⣦⡀⢠⣾⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠚⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠛⠉⠙⠿⠿⠟⠛⠃⠀⠀⢸⡿⠻⣾⣿⣾⡟⢻⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠁⢙⣲⠦⣤⣤⢤⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠷⠶⢿⡟⠒⠛⠿⣒⣿⣁⣀⣿⣼⣷⣠⡇⠀⣼⠿⣏⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠈⠀⠈⠁⠈⠻⠻⠂⡉⠁⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢋⣭⣭⣍⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⠛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇
⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣠⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣠⣾⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠽⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⢺⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡀⠀⢀⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣍⣹⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣊⣿⣿⣍⣉⣭⣩
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠛⠻⡿⠿⠟⠻⠿⢿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⣿
⣿⣿⣦⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷
⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢭⢭⢭⣭⢭⡭⡭⣭⢭⢭⣭⡭⡭⡭⡭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⣉⢋⢻⠏⡍⣉⠋⠙⡏⣏⠛⢩⣿⢿⠿⢿⡿⡏⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠉⠿⡏⡏⡏⠟⠿⣿⢿⡿⢹⢋⡉⢋⢻⠏⡍⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣌⣋⣼⣌⣸⣇⣶⣆⣰⣀⣏⣤⣙⣿⣌⣸⣘⣃⣇⣇⣇⣇⣀⣀⣸⣁⣀⣀⣃⣇⣇⣇⣇⡳⠀⣾⣇⢸⣈⣋⣽⣌⣸⣇⣒⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⠻⡟⡛⠿⢛⢻⡿⢻⣿⣿⢛⠻⣛⡛⠟⡛⠿⢛⢻⠟⡛⣿⣿⠟⡛⢛⢻⡟⡛⣛⣻⣿⡗⡚⠿⢛⢻⢛⡛⣿⠛⣿⣿⡟⡛⢟⡛⢻⠟⢻⢛⣻⠟⡛⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠴⡇⠟⡸⠋⢼⣑⢘⣯⣽⠋⠴⡟⣰⡆⠅⣀⠻⢠⠃⠄⡿⣿⡀⠟⢻⡆⢡⡇⠤⢼⣭⡟⠡⢆⠻⢠⠋⠴⣃⡂⣻⣭⡟⠡⠾⢡⣏⡀⢸⠰⢈⡂⠅⡼⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣷⠿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠰⠷⢲⡘⢡⡇⠭⢟⣛⠞⠡⡇⠿⢸⠞⠰⠃⠆⢟⣛⠖⠡⡏⠄⢷⠘⠀⡟⣰⠡⠀⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣿⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣶⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠛⠛⠛⢛⢛⠛⠛⣻⠛⠻⡟⠛⠛⢿⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⡟⢻⡛⠛⡛⠛⢻⢻⣻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⢛⣿⢻⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠟⠛⡟⡛⢻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠟⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⡟⠿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⢿⠿⠟⡟⠿⡟⣿⠻⠿⢿⢟⠛⠛⡟⡿⢿⠿⠻⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⢿⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠻⡛⣟⡻⠿⡟⠿⠻⠻⠿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡻⠿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⠟⠿⡿⠿⡿⢿⠟⢿⠿⠟⡿⠿⡿⠿⡟⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠻⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠿⠿⡶⠿⠿⠿⡷⠾⢾⢶⠿⠿⡾⠷⠾⢷⠷⠶⣾⠶⡿⠷⠶⢷⢿⡶⠶⢷⠷⡿⢾⠾⡶⢶⡶⠷⠷⢷⠿⠶⢾⢷⠷⢷⠾⢷⠷⠿⢶⢾⠷⡶⠶⢶⣾⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡷⣶⡾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⡶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣷⡿⣾⡶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⡾⠷⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣼⣷⣾⣿⣾⣷⣶⣦⣷⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠟⡟⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⢻⠛⡟⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⡛⢻⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠻⠻⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⢿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠾⠒⠿⠿⠟⠿⠛⠿⠟⠛⢿⠳⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠾⠟⠻⠟⢿⠛⠳⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠿⠻⠿⠷⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣛⣛⣙⣻⣟⣛⣛⣛⣙⣛⣟⣝⣛⣻⣛⣯⣻⣛⣟⣛⣿⣛⣛⣟⣛⣏⣿⣻⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣏⣟⣏⣛⣛⣛⡍⢈⣛⣛⣟⣟⣻⣙⢻⣛⣛⡛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⡛⣻⠋⣛⢻⢻⠛⠙⣛⠟⢻⠛⣛⢛⡛⠛⡛⣯⣝⡛⣻⡛⣛⢻⡛⠛⠛⠛⢛⡛⡟⢻⡋⡋⡛⣟⢙⠛⢻⡟⢛⠛⣻⢻⡛⡟⠛⣛⠛⢙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠛⢛⠟⣛⡟⡿⢛⠛⡟⡛⢻⠻⠻⠛⡟⠛⢻⠛⠛⡟⢛⢛⢻⢛⠟⡟⢻⢛⢛⠛⢻⡛⠛⠟⢛⢛⡻⢛⠛⡛⠃⠛⣻⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣉⣉⣉⣩⣍⣉⣉⣩⣫⣉⣙⣉⣉⣩⣉⣍⣯⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣩⣭⣩⣉⣫⣫⣏⣍⣙⣙⣩⣉⣍⣝⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣙⣉⣉⣫⣉⢛⡉⣋⣩⣋⣋⣯⣉⣋⣉⣙⣙⢙⣝⣛⣉⣋⣉⣍⣋⣉⣙⣙⣉⣉⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣙⣛⣛⣋⣙⣛⣛⣛⣟⣋⢻⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⢟⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣛⣙⣋⣍⣍⣻⣩⣽⣙⣏⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢻⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢛⣩⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣍⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢋⣡⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⡟⠂⠹⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠿⠇⠸⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢣⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣩⣷⡤⠼⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠈⠉⢿⣃⣴⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢅⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣦⣿⣿⣿⠿⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡄⠀⣤⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣼⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⠻⢿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣬⣽⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠇⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⡇⠈⢠⣈⠀⠀⡇⠀⢈⠐⢬⠁⠀⠁⠠⡆⢠⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⣿⡀⠠⡇⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⢼⡇⠀⢸⠀⠬⣿⠀⠄⠐⢈⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣇⣠⣈⣠⣀⣀⣇⣀⣨⣈⣠⣄⣀⣄⣸⣇⣸⣿⣄⣸⣀⣀⣠⣀⣁⣈⣿⣄⣀⣁⣀⣠⣀⣸⣀⣹⣧⣀⣸⣈⣠⣿⣀⣇⣸⣀⣄⣀⣄⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢛⠛⡛⠛⢻⡟⠛⢻⠛⠛⡟⠛⢻⡟⠛⠻⠛⠛⡟⠛⢻⠛⠛⠟⡛⢿⡟⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⠛⣻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⢛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⢻⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠻⠛⠛⡟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⠀⡗⠀⢹⡇⠀⢘⠀⠀⡇⠈⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⠒⠌⢻⡇⠀⢸⠀⡾⠿⢿⡇⠀⠐⠀⢼⠀⣤⠀⠀⡀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠉⠂⠈⡏⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⢖⣛⣒⣛⣓⣒⣛⣒⣓⣒⣚⣓⣚⣚⣒⣚⣒⣛⣓⣚⣓⣒⣚⣓⣛⣒⣒⣓⣚⣒⣚⣛⣒⣚⣛⣒⣛⣒⣒⣓⣚⣓⣚⣛⣛⣛⣛⢻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠟⢛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠟⣉⠿⠿⠿⢿⠋⡙⠋⠋⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣴⣧⣦⣼⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣧⣥⣤⣤⣤⣼⣦⣥⣤⣤⣤⣥⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡏⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠉⠀⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠠⠀⠀⠐⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠩⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠲⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢀⢊⢀⡀⣁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⡀⢀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣠⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1683

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Twice_in_a_Day_Brittany_Day_Publishes_Slop_Fake_Linux_Articles_.shtml
    Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2024/08/13/Twice_in_a_Day_Brittany_Day_Publishes_Slop_Fake_Linux_Articles_.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Twice in a Day: Brittany Day Publishes Slop
(Fake 'Linux' Articles) Several Times Per Day⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█
⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


Earlier today: Another_True_'Masterpiece'_(Slop)_From_linuxsecurity.com_
(Guardian_Digital,_Inc)


Same day:


         🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇5 Key Benefits Of Code Signing Solutions⦈


Slop for_sure:


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇⁤Performing a code sign provides several critical benefits,
    including code authentication, code or software author validation, and
 cryptographic protection. ⁤⁤By including a virtual signature in the software,
 builders can assure users that the code has not been altered or tampered with
   because it has become signed. ⁤⁤This system uses a unique private key to
   generate a virtual signature, which is then validated via a corresponding
                                public key. ⁤⦈


They are polluting the Web and polluting "Linux" search results. They're
unethical and they need to be called out on it.




⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣍⡛⡑⣽⣿⢻⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣧⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⡟⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡟⡟⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⢿⠿⡛⡟⣿⢿⣿⢻⡻⡟⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⢿⣿⢻⣻⢻⠿⢿⡿⣿⢻⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡿⡿⡿⣿⢻⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣇⣦⣻⣜⡾⣴⣿⣇⣧⣧⣳⣇⣇⣏⣻⣘⣇⣇⣗⣹⣿⣼⣧⣇⣿⣦⣿⣧⣧⣇⣇⣧⣳⣿⣳⣼⣸⣙⣛⣸⣸⣸⣸⣸⣘⢺⣿⣖⣧⣧⣇⣇⣃⣧⣻⣸⣛⣼⣸⣸⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⢁⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⣠⣦⢠⣼⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣽⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⣾⡶⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣁⠀⢋⠀⢻⣭⣯⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣆⠐⠀⡸⠷⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⢣⣤⢰⣠⡤⣄⣤⡤⠄⢠⢀⢠⢠⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣦⡀⢀⣀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠛⠘⠋⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠟⣡⡾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠟⣡⡾⠋⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⠀⠀⡈⡟⡋⠏⡏⣿⣿⣟⡿⣿⠟⡿⡆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣻⡆⣿⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣄⠙⢷⣄⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣬⡛⠋⣴⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢷⣄⠙⠛⠛⢉⣤⣤⣝⢿⣦⠙⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠻⣯⣤⡿⠀⠻⣦⡀⠙⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣦⡀⠙⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣦⡀⠙⢷⣄⠀⠀⣼⡿⠏⣠⣾⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣦⡀⠙⢷⠞⢁⣴⠾⡿⠋⢀⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣦⡀⠐⢿⣅⠀⠀⢰⡿⠛⢡⣾⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢦⡀⠙⢧⣀⣸⠇⢰⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢦⡀⠙⠁⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠎⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠎⠀⢸⡇⠀⢂⠀⣿⠀⣲⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⡿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠻⠛⢻⠛⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡏⠍⢉⡉⡭⠩⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⢩⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣼⣿⣧⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⢛⣛⣉⣁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⠭⢉⣉⣥⣤⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⡀⠤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⡆
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢋⣥⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⡇
⢸⣿⣿⣿⠟⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⡁⢀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⠋⠉⢻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠹⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⡟⠉⠙⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⡿⢃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠷⠯⣽⢾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡌⢻⡇⠀⠀⠸⠿⠤⠤⠾⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⣿⣦⣤⣼⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣷⣤⣤⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⡿⢡⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡷⠶⠶⢷⠶⠾⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠃⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⢡⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢒⠒⠓⠒⡖⠒⠒⠒⡒⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⠚⠲⠒⢲⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢸⣿⣿⠩⠭⠭⡬⠽⠌⠯⠥⠭⠍⠩⢯⠭⢭⠭⡩⠥⢭⠥⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠫⠥⠭⠭⠭⠭⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⡾⣶⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠲⡖⠒⡞⠒⠒⠒⠓⢒⠚⠒⠒⢒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢒⢒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣛⣒⣒⡒⠠⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⢸⣿⣿⣥⣭⣥⣅⣩⣭⣭⣫⣭⣥⣯⣧⣭⣭⣥⣭⣬⣬⣬⣭⣭⣭⣍⣭⣥⣍⣍⣥⣬⣭⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⠟⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣌⠫⣭⣭⣥⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠸⢡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣷⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⡄⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣴⣾⡌⣶⡌⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣷⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢃⣾⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⣿⣿⣥⢸⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣴⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⠛⠟⠈⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⡙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢛⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣍⣙⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⢛⣩⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣯⣯⣋⣍⣿⠭⠭⠭⠍⠽⣗⣹⠀⣾⣿⡏⣻⡯⠩⠩⠿⣿⣿⣉⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣷⣌⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢘⣛⣛⣓⣂⣉⣉⣛⣛⣉⣁⣐⣚⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠛⢻⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣏⣉⣏⣉⣏⣍⣉⣉⠉⣋⣭⣤⣤⣤⣍⡙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⡈⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠿⠿⠿⠬⠭⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣍⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⡇⢘⣙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣛⣓⣐⣒⣒⣒⣚⣒⣛⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣛⣋⣙⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡰⣏⣍⣉⣉⡷⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⠸⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⢁⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣧⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⡀
⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠍⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠡⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢠⣶⣿⡇
⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⡇

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1816

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 13/08/2024: The Iron Law of
the Internet and NextCloud Server Adventures⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Scene_from_Tango_theater_in_Buenos_Aires⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
                # Internet/Gemini
                # Programming
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ UKLG_vs_JKR⠀⇛


                       I read Planet of Exile the other day and loved it.
                       Talking about it to a friend, he had never heard of
                       Ursula K. Le Guin, which is fine, but he asked me
                       “is it hard SF?” in a way where it seemed like it
                       was a trap—I’d be a nerd if I said yes and a flake
                       if I said no. It’s a pretty orthogonal question for
                       that book. She creates cultures.


                # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_ZHILOPC_Wordo:_SORRY⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Too_many_books⠀⇛


                       I hoped that by reading this many books I’d start
                       enjoying more of them, that there’d be a lower
                       threshold for a worthwhile book since the
                       opportunity cost is lower. “Those who only read a
                       book a year, well, that book better be awesome, but
                       for those who read many books I can appreciate
                       every book for what it has to offer, it doesn’t
                       need to be the best in all categories”, that was my
                       thinking.


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_Iron_Law_of_the_Internet⠀⇛


                       My family has never had cats. I've visited people
                       who did have a cat plenty of times, of course, but
                       I never really interacted with them much. We were
                       just always dog folks.


                       That is until recently, when my sister got a cat a
                       few months ago. And this week she went on vacation,
                       leaving the cat in my care. This is the first time
                       I've spent any real time with a cat. She's a
                       friendly cat, by the name of Cherry. She seems to
                       like me well enough. Petting her is an interesting
                       feeling: her fur is soft, but under that her body
                       is very hard and muscular. It's a vivid contrast.
                       And the way she moves is very different from what
                       I'm used to with dogs. I don't know how to describe
                       it in text.


                # ⚓ The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Echoes_of_Wisdom⠀⇛


                       First published on Monday, August 12, 2024, before
                       the game actually came out.


                # ⚓ Templates_and_copies⠀⇛


                       Our economic system never adapted to anything that
                       has an expensive template with cheaper copies, like
                       movies where producing the movie is expensive but
                       making digital copies is way cheaper. We’ve been
                       too stuck in a marketplace of exchanging one-for-
                       one, a model that is fundamentally incompatible
                       with “template” production.


                # ⚓ Shared_solutions⠀⇛


                       I understand why people are like “But I figured out
                       how to populate my autoexec.bat so why can’t
                       everyone else do that same work too?” but one
                       reason why I’m always harping on usability is that
                       the great thing about FOSS is that it enables
                       sharing solutions.


                       I hung out adjacent to a hacker group in high
                       school and the mindset there was always like “Don’t
                       ask questions! Don’t answer questions! Just tell
                       people to RTFM! I did, and I learned things better
                       and more thoroughly that way” whereas I was more
                       like this:


                       “If it takes me 4 hours to learn something on my
                       own and you 4 hours to learn something else on your
                       own, and then we can have two ten minute
                       conversations where we help each other, we’ve both
                       saved 3h40m each compared to if I had to spend 4
                       hours to learn my thing and then 4 hours more to
                       learn your thing.”


                # ⚓ FOSS_is_so_dumb⠀⇛


                       There are places on this planet where everyone
                       “needs” to use the same app. In some countries it’s
                       Line, in others it’s WhatsApp and in others it’s
                       Zalo.


                       That is not a good situation to be in.
                       Infrastructure must be democratic, not corporate.
                       Here in Sweden, our politicians can tend to be a
                       li’l bit loosy-goosy with this, and some
                       proprietary apps like Kivra or BankID or Facebook
                       Messenger have started to gain a serious foothold.


                       FOSS is such a dumb issue that only nerds care
                       about, and that’s great, I don’t want anyone else
                       to have to care about it, but... policy-makers do
                       need to get nerducated (and not get fooled by
                       openwashing). The reason FOSS is such a dumb issue
                       is because “intellectual” “property” and binary
                       code and SAAS leads to a lot of dumb things.


                # ⚓ The_SNES_should_have_had_ZL_and_ZR_instead_of_X_and_Y⠀⇛


                       Multicolor vs. two-tone purple doesn’t matter. The
                       Japanese got the multicolor one, while we here in
                       the US got light purple concave Y and X buttons
                       paired with darker-purple convex B and A buttons.


                       I’d provide you with search-engine links, but I’m
                       kind of in between search engines at the moment.
                       Your favorite one should suffice for all this.


                       What you might not notice in photos of these things
                       were the L and R buttons on the top of the
                       controller, meant to be pressed with the index
                       fingers.


                       By contrast, the controller for the Nintendo
                       Entertainment System didn’t have Y and X buttons.
                       It didn’t have L or R buttons, either. All it had,
                       from left to right, was the D-pad, Select, Start,
                       B, and A.


                # ⚓ Terminals_are_good,_Full_Screen_is_Better⠀⇛


                       Terminals are still pretty central to my day-to-
                       day: I use Linux via wsl at work, switched to fish
                       at my (much-younger) colleagues' suggestion, found
                       it easy and intuitive and a little bit faster than
                       bash for how I use it.


                       And so I agree with everything cda writes on his
                       microblog regarding terminal email clients - like a
                       lot of people, my usual usage is one of the usual
                       big suspects (GMail occasionally, but mostly
                       Outlook). Here at tilde.club, I switch between mutt
                       and alpine, though usually the latter. pine was my
                       first email client and I loved it. It was simple
                       and easy to use and fine.


                       alpine is a rewrite? continuation? of pine and it's
                       fine for what I use it for, which in tildeland is
                       replying to the occasional email. I was thinking a
                       bit about why it didn't quite feel like pine and
                       what I was missing, and came to the conclusion that
                       it had to do with all the additional context of
                       modern computing. At the time when I first used
                       pine, almost thirty years ago, I was using Telix to
                       dial up an ISP. All this was being displayed full
                       screen on my old monochrome monitor. Now, I'm
                       connecting to a tilde in putty with a bunch of
                       applications littering the desktop behind it. I can
                       maximize the terminal, but the taskbar is still
                       there. We live in the land of compression and
                       notification and distraction.


                # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾


                      # ⚓ [Old] [Old]_Sneakernet_in_a_Free,_Developed_Society⠀⇛


                             Regardless, the coolness of the very idea of
                             sneakernet is incredible. I just want to use
                             one. For something! I don't even know what,
                             just something. When I talk about
                             "sneakernet" in this post I don't mean the
                             occasional file moved on a USB thumb drive
                             between friends once in a while (even though
                             that technically counts). I'm thinking about
                             organised sneakernets between several actors,
                             be they individuals or organisations.


                      # ⚓ Sneakernets_Revisited⠀⇛


                             But is there an actually useful purpose of
                             sneakernets in democratic countries in the
                             developed world?


                      # ⚓ NextCloud_Server_Adventures⠀⇛


                             It has been awhile! It has actually been
                             *over a year*. Anyone who went to this
                             server's http port (https://
                             lantashifiles.com) would not see a working
                             webpage. At first they would get a screenful
                             of PHP... not exactly helpful. Later, after
                             some work, the server was feeling generous,
                             and an error message saying that the PHP
                             version was too new for the version of
                             NextCloud installed.


                             How long was it? Well, I upgraded the server
                             to Debian 12 over a year ago. And it was then
                             that NextCloud broke. During the upgrade of
                             Debian, PHP was updated as well, and the new
                             version of PHP was incompatible with my out-
                             of-date NextCloud installation.


                      # ⚓ Hello_World.⠀⇛


                             Sorry, I kinda felt my first gemlog should
                             open with something very, very old school.
                             For the record, we never really used the
                             phrase "old school" back when we were
                             programming in the 80's. Because we thought
                             we were on the bleeding edge with IBM's
                             Cartridge Basic and everything else was just
                             "old fashioned", with electric typewriter
                             sitting over there on my roll-top desk.


                # § Programming⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Lisping_on_an_old_Acer_Aspire_One⠀⇛


                             During the last edition of the Old Computer
                             Challenge I used an old Acer Aspire One 522
                             POVE6 [1].


                             The CPU is an AMD C-60 APU with Radeon HD
                             Graphics which is not the fastest in the
                             world.


                             During the challenge this machine ran a Xorg-
                             less FreeBSD 14.1, and I just worked on the
                             console/virtual terminals. I was quite happy
                             with it. Running Emacs on a machine without X
                             brings some headaches, while some often used
                             key-bindings collide with the terminal.


                             Recently I upgraded this laptop with extra
                             RAM and an SSD [2]. This creates the
                             possibility to run X11. The ratpoison window
                             manager is a natural choice for this laptop:
                             I is very light weight and eats zero screen
                             real-estate. Being a purely keyboard driven
                             window manager is also a big plus, as the
                             mouse pad on the Acer is not the greatest.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2143

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/08/2024: Abundant Misinformation
and TikTok Layoffs⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Buenos_Aires_Night_1908_Public_Domain_Old_Advert⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Education
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
          o Security
                # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting
          o Environment
                # Energy/Transportation
                # Wildlife/Nature
                # Overpopulation
          o Finance/Fraud
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM)
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Patents
                # Trademarks
                # Copyrights
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ [Repeat] Tedium ☛ Friday_Night_Death_Slot_History:_A_Broadcasting
            No-Man’s_Land⠀⇛


                 Judy Lynn Benjamin, the editor of Galaxy magazine, a
                 science-fiction title, was one of the first to make this
                 association between Friday evenings and low ratings among
                 the public on January 28, 1968, in an interview with The
                 Kansas City Star. The subject? Star Trek, the most
                 infamous example of a television show treated poorly by
                 its network. She suggested that the reason the show was
                 performing poorly was because it aired on Friday evenings
                 in its second season. She described the reason for this
                 as such:


                 "Friday night is a bad night and the time period is a
                 very bad hour. Most of the audience is made up of
                 teenagers and young adults and when do they go out?
                 Friday night!"


                 Hard to argue with that. But it didn’t help that, in its
                 third season, the network pushed the show to the 10 p.m.
                 Friday hour, an hour that ensured that the kids that
                 generally watched the show were probably already in bed.


          o § Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Donald_Trump_shares_plan_to_shutdown
                  Education_Department_in_US,_Kamala_Harris_campaign_responds⠀⇛


                       The Harris campaign swiftly responded to former
                       President Donald Trump’s remarks about shutting
                       down the Education Department in United States,
                       amplifying the clip across social media. This move
                       aligns with the campaign’s broader strategy to
                       connect Trump’s proposal to the conservative policy
                       agenda outlined in Project 2025.


                # ⚓ Hazel Russman ☛ The_end_of_reason⠀⇛


                       But as the meeting continued, I felt more and more
                       that I had fallen down some sort of rabbit hole
                       into a lost world, one that had once been very
                       familiar but which now seemed strange and haunted
                       by an almost unbearable nostalgia. Everyone present
                       simply took it for granted that there was such a
                       thing as truth, not “my truth” but the truth. And
                       everyone took it for granted that rational argument
                       was the way to find that truth, and that you could
                       identify and challenge weaknesses in an opponent’s
                       argument without having to impugn his motives. No
                       one pointed out snidely that Dawkins was a white
                       cis male or that one of his ancestors might have
                       been involved in administering some part of the
                       British Empire. In fact most of those present would
                       have considered an ad hominem attack of that sort
                       as unacceptable in a civilised debate.


                       Now I am not suggesting that people were arguing in
                       that objective way simply because they were
                       Christians. It would be nice to believe that, but
                       I’m pretty sure that if Professor Dawkins had been
                       present, he would have been arguing his case
                       against us in precisely the same way as we argued
                       against him. He too belongs to that same lost
                       world, because the world that we are increasingly
                       forced to live in is alien to Christians and
                       traditional atheists alike. I can conclude this
                       with some confidence because I have recently heard
                       Dawkins vigorously defending (or attempting to
                       defend) the claims of science and rationality
                       against opponents who clearly did not get the
                       point. They thought that being women or having some
                       kind of non-white background gave them access to an
                       alternative version of reality that automatically
                       trumped his.


                       The problem is that most of the younger generation
                       accept this kind of arrant nonsense as totally
                       valid. A lot of them pick it up at university,
                       since it appears to be common in academic circles.
                       It is also widespread on the BBC and in other
                       mainstream media, and of course online. Anyone who
                       dares to challenge it is liable to be deluged with
                       hate, often expressed in a complex Orwellian jargon
                       in which everything means the opposite of what it
                       says. I have complained about this sort of wokery
                       in some of my other blogs and I think there is
                       little to be gained by repeating the accusations.
                       Everyone knows by now that we are in the midst of a
                       full-blown culture war, one that reason seems to be
                       losing by the day.


                # ⚓ Matthias Endler ☛ How_To_Sell_To_Developers⠀⇛


                       One of the hardest challenges I know is how to sell
                       to developers.


                       This is NOT an article for developers. Today, I
                       want to write for non-developers whose job it is to
                       sell to developers. My goal is to help you
                       understand how they think.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Simple_Portable_PS4_Build⠀⇛


                       Building a portable console is hard, right? You
                       have to do lots of wiring, maybe trim a few PCBs,
                       and learn all about the finer points of high-end
                       motherboard design! Or, you could keep it simple.
                       That’s just what [Francesco6n] did when he built
                       this portable PS4.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Novartis,
                  Viatris_Face_New_Lawsuit_Over_'HeLa'_Cell_Misuse_Claims⠀⇛


                # ⚓ “Lab_leak”_is_now_very_much_like_antivax_in_its_harms_to
                  public_health⠀⇛


                       “Lab leak,” or the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 (the
                       coronavirus that causes COVID-19) arose and escaped
                       from a virology lab, has been a frequent topic on
                       SBM since very early in the pandemic (January 2020,
                       actually), for obvious reasons. After all,  every
                       outbreak or pandemic of a new pathogen over the
                       last several decades had spawned conspiracy
                       theories that the pathogen was a “bioweapon” that
                       had escaped (or been intentionally released from) a
                       laboratory, a list that included HIV/AIDS, Ebola,
                       and H1N1. For instance, there was a major
                       conspiracy theory about HIV/AIDS that involved
                       its creation at Fort Detrick when scientists
                       supposedly spliced together two other viruses,
                       Visna and HTLV-1 and then tested on prison inmates.
                       (Interestingly, this turned out to be a Russian
                       propaganda operation codename Operation INFEKTION
                       designed to blame the AIDS pandemic on the US
                       biological warfare program.) So it was completely
                       predictable that similar conspiracy theories would
                       emerge about COVID-19. Despite the paucity of
                       scientific evidence in support of lab leak in the
                       virology community, it has emerged as the most
                       popular explanation for COVID-19 on social media
                       and even in the mainstream press, particularly in,
                       but nowhere near limited to, right wing sources. In
                       the context of that history, I was very interested
                       to come across a commentary in the Journal of
                       Virology by James Alwine and 40 other authors
                       entitled The harms of promoting the lab leak
                       hypothesis for SARS-CoV-2 origins without evidence.
                       In the lay press, there was also an article in STAT
                       news by John P. Moore, one of the co-authors of the
                       Journal of Virology commentary, entitled The
                       coronavirus lab leak hypothesis is damaging
                       science.


                # ⚓ The Walrus ☛ The_Walrus_Talks_at_Home:_Teens_and_Screens⠀⇛


                       Recently, the ubiquity of social media and tech in
                       the lives of young people has been coming under
                       intense scrutiny. Youth mental health indicators
                       have been in sharp decline at the same time as
                       children, adolescents, and young adults have
                       increasingly become hooked on devices.


          o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾


                # ⚓ TechEconomy.ng ☛ TikTok_Reportedly_Cuts_Jobs_in_Africa⠀⇛


                       TikTok has reportedly laid off employees across its
                       African divisions in its quest for global
                       restructuring, leading to a downsizing initiative.


                # ⚓ Matt Cool ☛ Running_Llamafile_on_RP5⠀⇛


                       I wanted to see if I could run llamafile, which
                       lets you distribute and run LLMs with a single
                       file, on a Raspberry Pi 5. I hope I can use my own
                       custom front-end to interact with the model in
                       different ways. I have a few ideas but want to see
                       if I can get it running first.


                # ⚓ Drew Breunig ☛ How_to_Build_a_Bigger_Bubble⠀⇛


                       Last week, on the heels of both Elliott and Goldman
                       Sachs suggesting AI is likely a bubble, Casey
                       Newton wrote a nice piece listing arguments why AI
                       is (or may not be!) a bubble.


                       This recent vibe shift has many strong arguments
                       for why AI might be a bubble, but none adequately
                       address the how.


                       On its own, AI would have generated significant
                       froth. ChatGPT’s stunning arrival on the scene woke
                       up the general public and investors to the
                       potential of LLMs, triggering major investments.
                       But there’s another dynamic, which I haven’t seen
                       written up explicitly, that I suspect is amplifying
                       the size of this bubble.


                       But first: I’m not a financial expert, this article
                       isn’t financial advice, and I could be wrong! If
                       you think so, please tell me why.


                       With that out of the way, here’s my recipe for
                       creating a supersized AI bubble:


                # ⚓ NYOB ☛ Twitter’s_AI_plans_hit_with_9_more_GDPR_complaints⠀⇛


                       Recently, Twitter International (now re-branded as
                       “X”) began unlawfully using the personal data of
                       more than 60 million users in the EU/EEA to train
                       its AI technologies (like "Grok") without their
                       consent. Unlike Meta (which recently also had to
                       stop AI training in the EU), Twitter did not even
                       inform its users in advance. This went too far even
                       for the Irish Data Protection Commission (DPC):
                       Last week, it launched court proceedings against
                       Twitter to stop the illegal processing, but the
                       Irish DPC seems to have stopped short of fully
                       enforcing the GDPR. noyb now follows up with nine
                       complaints.


          o § Security⠀➾


                # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾


                      # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Who_knew?_Domain_hijacking_is_so_easy⠀⇛


                             In a Sitting Ducks attack, the actor hijacks
                             a currently registered domain at an
                             authoritative DNS service or web hosting
                             provider without accessing the true owner’s
                             account at either the DNS provider or
                             registrar. Once the actor has control of the
                             domain, they can conduct any form of
                             malicious activity under the guise of the
                             legitimate owner. This includes malware
                             delivery, phishing campaigns, brand
                             impersonation and data exfiltration.
                             Exploitable domains are not rare; we estimate
                             that over a million domains are exploitable
                             on any given day and we have identified
                             multiple methods to identify vulnerable
                             domains.


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ UN_Delegates_Cheer_As_They_Vote_To_Approve
                        Increased_Surveillance_Via_Russia-Backed_Cybercrime
                        Treaty⠀⇛


                             For years now, the UN has been trying to
                             strike a deal on a “Cybercrime Treaty.” As
                             with nearly every attempt by the UN to craft
                             treaties around internet regulation, it’s
                             been a total mess. The concept, enabling
                             countries to have agreed upon standards to
                             fight cybercrime, may seem laudable. But when
                             it’s driven by countries that have extremely
                             different definitions of “crime,” it becomes
                             problematic. Especially if part of the treaty
                             is enabling one country to demand another
                             reveal private information about someone they
                             accuse of engaging in a very, very broadly
                             defined “cybercrime.”


                             The UN structure means that the final
                             decision-makers are nation-states, and other
                             stakeholders have way less say in the
                             process.


                             And, on Thursday, those nation-states
                             unanimously approved it, ignoring the
                             concerns of many stakeholders.


                      # ⚓ Security Week ☛ The_UN_Is_Moving_to_Fight_Cybercrime
                        but_Privacy_Groups_Say_Human_Rights_Will_Be_Violated⠀⇛


                             A global deal on the criminal use of computer
                             technology is moving ahead despite worries it
                             will let governments around the world violate
                             human rights by probing electronic
                             communications and bypassing privacy
                             safeguards.


                      # ⚓ NYOB ☛ noyb_takes_Swedish_DPA_to_court_for_refusing
                        to_properly_deal_with_complaints⠀⇛


                             Contrary to EU law, the Swedish Data
                             Protection Authority (IMY) regularly refuses
                             to properly handle complaints from data
                             subjects. Even after a ruling by the Supreme
                             Administrative Court of Sweden, the IMY
                             frequently just forwards a complaint to the
                             company that illegally processes personal
                             data - and then immediately closes the case
                             without investigating. However, the GDPR
                             clearly stipulates that authorities must not
                             only process each and every complaint, but
                             also remedy the situation. noyb is now taking
                             the IMY to court to ensure that it finally
                             complies with its obligations.


                      # ⚓ Privacy International ☛ PI_delivers_oral_intervention
                        to_UN_Committee_on_the_impact_of_the_use_of_data_&_tech
                        on_the_rights_of_persons_with_disabilities.⠀⇛


                             On 11 August 2024, PI delivered an oral
                             statement during the 31st Session of the
                             United Nations Committee on the Rights of
                             Persons with Disabilities on the impact of
                             the use of data and technology on the rights
                             of persons with disabilities. We highlighted
                             concerns about three key issues:


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ More_than_700_migrants_cross_the_Channel_to
                  Britain_in_a_single_day⠀⇛


                       More than 700 migrants crossed the Channel to
                       Britain in small boats on Sunday, the highest
                       number arriving on a single day since Prime
                       Minister Keir Starmer took power vowing to tackle
                       people-smugglers.


                # ⚓ TMZ ☛ Taylor_Swift_Wembley_Concerts_Using_Counterterrorism
                  Security_Forces⠀⇛


                       We're told the private security force will also be
                       deployed because of ongoing London riots that are
                       placing a major strain on local police.


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_German_court_finds_teen
                  guilty_in_school_shooting⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Indonesia:_Separatists
                  murder_New_Zealand_pilot_in_Papua⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_US_to_Lift
                  Ban_on_Offensive_Weapons_Sales_to_Saudi_Arabia⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Jordan_Says
                  It_Foiled_Drug_Smuggling_Attempt_From_Syria⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Rural_Tennessee_County_Takes_New_Approach_to
                  Domestic_Violence_Cases⠀⇛


                       Before rural Scott County remade itself into a
                       model for managing domestic violence, Jade Peters
                       didn’t know where to turn for help. Her ex-
                       boyfriend was stalking her and threatened to kill
                       other men who talked to her.


                       She knew he had a gun, but so did many people in
                       Scott County, and she didn’t think the justice
                       system would take her seriously.


                # ⚓ Site36 ☛ Mannheim_officer_pressures_solidarity_group_to
                  remain_silent_about_fatal_police_violence⠀⇛


                       Ante P. died in the German city of Mannheim under
                       the knee of a police officer, whose colleague
                       looked on.


          o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾


                # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ How_Two_Leftist_Scholars_Saved
                  Nietzsche’s_Archive⠀⇛


                       This story is the focus Felsch’s book — and it’s
                       also one of the more baffling episodes in the
                       history of philosophy. We only have access to the
                       full archive of Nietzsche’s writing thanks to the
                       work of two Italian scholars, Giorgio Colli and
                       Mazzino Montinari. Both were committed to
                       uncovering the “real” Nietzsche, against his
                       reputation in postwar Europe as an intellectual
                       proto-Nazi whose thinking was believed to lead
                       straight to the gas chambers. They possessed almost
                       no qualification for the task, and neither was an
                       archivist. However, both were committed anti-
                       fascists, and Montinari was a communist.


                # ⚓ El País ☛ It’s_not_just_you_who’s_seeing_too_many_Elon_Musk
                  tweets⠀⇛


                       Elon Musk calls himself a “free speech absolutist.”
                       But it is not true that X is now more neutral: some
                       posts are amplified to huge audiences (Musk’s, for
                       one) and others are not. Everything is less
                       transparent than ever, because Musk has prevented
                       academic researchers from accessing the platform’s
                       data, as they were able to before. The entrepreneur
                       did not hesitate to block the accounts of serious
                       journalists who reported on the company and, in
                       particular, on the flight of major advertisers, a
                       phenomenon that has meant that X users now mostly
                       see advertisements for financial scams or
                       cryptocurrencies.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Global_Solidarity_and
                  Cosmopolitanism_in_the_Climate_Crisis:_Insights_from_Fridays
                  for_Future_Germany⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Opinion_|_Michigan's
                  climate_lawsuit_will_backfire⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_The_crucial_first_step_in
                  preparing_for_a_climate_disaster⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_What_Americans_Knew_About
                  Climate_Change_in_the_1960s_Will_Shock_You⠀⇛


                # ⚓ NL Times ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Scientists_worldwide_very
                  worried_about_climate_change,_Amsterdam_study_shows⠀⇛


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Nova_Scotia's_rivers_still_suffer
                  from_acid_rain._Restoring_them_could_also_help_the_climate⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Revelator ☛ Seattle’s_Sustainability_Director_on
                  Successes,_Failures,_and_Lessons_for_Other_Cities⠀⇛


                # ⚓ EcoWatch ☛ Researchers_Develop_Method_to_Track_Forever
                  Chemicals_to_Their_Source⠀⇛


                       Although the molecular bonds are strong enough to
                       remain in the environment long-term, they are
                       difficult to trace through conventional methods
                       that rely on breaking molecules apart with a mass
                       spectrometer.


                       In response, researchers developed a different
                       chemical fingerprinting method for forever
                       chemicals, in part using a method known as nuclear
                       magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, to find the
                       isotopes in a compound without breaking apart the
                       strong covalent bonds. They published their
                       findings in the journal Environmental Science &
                       Technology.


                # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Moscow_and_Kyiv_blame_each_other_after_fire
                        breaks_out_at_Russian-occupied_Zaporizhzhia_nuclear
                        power_plant_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ DeSmog ☛ Meta_and_Koch_Industries_to_Sponsor_Event
                        Featuring_Climate_Denier_Barry_Cooper⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Badger_Mountain_Project_Paused_Amid
                        Concern_About_Native_Cultural_Sites⠀⇛


                             A company developing an industrial-scale
                             solar panel array on Badger Mountain in
                             Eastern Washington has paused permitting
                             activities on the project amid concerns about
                             impacts to Indigenous cultural sites.


                             The decision comes on the heels of an
                             investigation by High Country News and
                             ProPublica this year, which found that a land
                             survey funded by the developer, Avangrid
                             Renewables, had omitted more than a dozen
                             sites of archaeological or cultural
                             significance on the public parcel included in
                             the project area. This survey is required by
                             the state before it can permit the project so
                             construction can begin.


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_The
                        Small_Business_Administration_Expands_Clean_Energy_Loan
                        Program⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_The_20_Best_Energy
                        Films:_From_Gritty_Carbon-Spewing_Potboilers_to_Nuclear
                        Reactor_Catastrophes⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_New
                        England's_Largest_Energy_Storage_Facility_to_Be_Built
                        on_Former_Mill_Site_in_Maine⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_In_Rural_Hawaii,
                        Community_Solar_Project_Offers_Path_to_Energy
                        Sovereignty⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_New
                        President_Reinstates_Eslami_as_Head_of_Iran's_Atomic
                        Energy_Organisation,_State_Media_Says⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Energy Mix Productions Inc ☛ Wind_and_Solar_Overtake
                        Fossil_Fuels_in_‘Historic_Shift’_for_EU⠀⇛


                             Fossil fuels generated 17% less in the first
                             half of 2024 compared to the same period in
                             2023, Ember writes. Coal fell by a quarter
                             and gas by 14, even as demand rebounded by
                             0.7% after two years of decline.


                             Meanwhile, “wind and solar overtook EU fossil
                             generation for the first time.” Together, the
                             two renewable sources generated 30% of the
                             EU’s electricity in the first half of 2024,
                             compared to 27% from fossil fuels.


                             “We are witnessing a historic shift and it is
                             happening rapidly,” Rosslowe added. “If [EU]
                             Member States can keep up momentum on wind
                             and solar deployment, then freedom from
                             fossil power reliance will truly start to
                             come into view.”


                      # ⚓ PC World ☛ The_Energy_Star_rating_for_laptops,
                        explained⠀⇛


                             You can read the fine print for yourself in
                             version 8.0 of the Computer Energy Star
                             specifications, which explains that any
                             product that sports the Energy Star rating
                             must be tested at an approved EPA-recognized
                             laboratory and must adhere to strict
                             standards of hazardous material usage
                             (including but not limited to maximum
                             thresholds for mercury, cadmium, and lead,
                             among other materials). The Energy Star
                             rating also demands that a product be more
                             readily recyclable, with ease of disassembly
                             being paramount.


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Allegations_of_mass_dog
                        killings_in_Turkey's_Niğde_following_new_stray_dog
                        law⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Conservationists_say_large-tusked
                        elephants_on_Kenya-Tanzania_border_are_endangered⠀⇛


                             "This is bigger than Kenya, this is bigger
                             than Tanzania. It's actually a global issue
                             because elephants cannot speak for
                             themselves. We as the people of the world
                             have to speak for these elephants. They
                             cannot go to court; they cannot go to the
                             east African court," she said.


                             In March, Tanzanian authorities issued
                             controversial hunting permits for the large-
                             tusked elephants, known as “super tuskers,”
                             in the greater Amboseli-West Kilimanjaro
                             border area.


                      # ⚓ EcoWatch ☛ This_World_Elephant_Day,_Conservationists
                        Ask_Tanzania_to_Stop_Allowing_Trophy_Hunting⠀⇛


                             Today is World Elephant Day, and
                             conservationists have petitioned Tanzania to
                             stop issuing permits for the trophy hunting
                             of the gentle and intelligent pachyderms.


                             Wild African elephants — including the
                             “super-tuskers” who are hunted for their
                             ivory tusks — roam freely across the border
                             into Tanzania from Kenya’s Amboseli National
                             Park, where their vast herds are protected
                             from poachers.


                      # ⚓ Smithsonian Magazine ☛ 15_Playful_and_Powerful_Photos
                        to_Celebrate_World_Elephant_Day⠀⇛


                             August 12 is World Elephant Day, which has
                             been celebrated since 2012 as a time to
                             support elephant conservation and raise
                             awareness about their plight. Some of the
                             world’s most recognizable animals, with their
                             distinct ears, protruding tusks and large
                             trunks, wild elephants are most often found
                             in the savannas and deserts of Africa and
                             Asia. However, climate change and the ivory
                             trade have threatened their homelands and
                             decreased their numbers.


                      # ⚓ Deccan Chronicle ☛ Surekha_Calls_for_Elephant_Habitat
                        Protection_to_Reduce_Conflict⠀⇛


                             In her address at the International
                             Conference on Human Elephant Conflict
                             Management in Bengaluru on Monday, World
                             Elephant Day, Surekha said pressure on
                             habitat was forcing the animals into areas
                             outside of their natural forest homes in
                             search of food and water. Steps should be
                             taken to ensure both are available within
                             forests for the elephants, she said.


                # § Overpopulation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Truthdig ☛ Happy_'Earth_Overshoot_Day'⠀⇛


                             Since the early 2000s, the nonprofit Global
                             Footprint Network has calculated what it
                             calls “Earth Overshoot Day,” the date on
                             which we outstrip our resources each year. At
                             present, human society consumes resources at
                             a rate that would take 1.75 Earths to
                             sustain. So, from Aug. 1 of this year onward,
                             everything we consume adds to our collective
                             debt. In the language of ecological
                             economists: We’re in overshoot.


          o § Finance/Fraud⠀➾


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_US_Charges
                  Former_Syria_Prison_Chief_With_Immigration_Fraud⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Vietnam:_Billionaire
                  tycoon_gets_21-year_sentence_for_fraud⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Japan's_Nikkei_sees
                  biggest_tumble_since_1987_crash⠀⇛


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Independent UK ☛ Trump_wanted_Elon_Musk_to_give_him_a
                  reset_—_he_didn’t_get_one⠀⇛


                       It was not the first time Trump exhibited
                       difficulties with his speech. There were numerous
                       supercuts of verbal miscues and slurred words
                       compiled by late-night comedians during his time in
                       the White House, but this was no transitory
                       episode.


                       He spent the entire conversation with Musk speaking
                       in a voice that sounded like Sylvester, the lisping
                       cartoon cat of Looney Tunes fame.


                # ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ Labour_MPs_begin_quitting_X_over_‘hate
                  and_disinformation’⠀⇛


                       Two Labour MPs are known to have told colleagues
                       they were leaving the platform. One of them, Noah
                       Law, has disabled his account. Other MPs who still
                       use X have begun examining alternatives, including
                       Threads, which is owned by Facebook’s parent
                       company, Meta, and the open-source [sic] platform
                       Bluesky.


                # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Trump,_Elon_Musk_talk_about_Harris,
                  climate_change_in_X_interview⠀⇛


                       Musk billed the conversation with Trump as
                       “unscripted with no limits on subject matter.” But
                       during much of the discussion, he focused on
                       comfortable topics for Trump, such as undocumented
                       immigration. He also allowed the former president
                       to deliver his preferred talking points and a
                       stream of false statements, giving the chat some of
                       the hallmarks of Trump’s signature campaign
                       rallies.


                # ⚓ The Hill ☛ EU_sends_warning_letter_to_Elon_Musk_ahead_of
                  Donald_Trump_interview⠀⇛


                       The European Union sent a warning letter to X owner
                       Elon Musk on Monday reminding him of the bloc’s
                       rules against promoting “harmful content” ahead of
                       the billionaire tech mogul’s interview with former
                       President Trump on the social platform.


                # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Musk_using_X_feed_as_megaphone_for
                  his_far-right_politics⠀⇛


                       To quantify the shift in Musk’s X feed, The Post
                       analyzed tweets that contained at least seven words
                       and were not reposts. The analysis classified the
                       posts as related to politics, Tesla, Twitter (now
                       X) or SpaceX based on keywords, but did not
                       categorize as politics some of Musk’s posts that
                       relate obliquely to the topic. The analysis found
                       that his posts about Tesla, Twitter and SpaceX
                       taken together dropped from 31 percent of his feed
                       in 2021 to 21 percent this year. His posts about
                       Twitter increased from 1 percent in 2021 before he
                       purchased the company to 8 percent so far this
                       year, while Tesla and SpaceX posts together dropped
                       from 30 percent to 13 percent during that time.


                # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Elon_Musk's_political_posts_jump_to_17%_of_his_X
                  feed_this_year:_WaPo⠀⇛


                       Musk is the most followed user on X, with more than
                       193 million followers. X has controversially served
                       his posts to users algorithmically, garnering
                       complaints from those attempting to avoid posts by
                       the site’s owner.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ European_Digital_Identity_Wallets_–
                  integrity_and_core_functionalities⠀⇛


                       Feedback period: 12 August 2024 - 09 September 2024
                       [...]


                       This is one of four initiatives on the main set-up
                       of the European Digital Identity Wallets. It aims
                       to lay down rules to ensure that Member States
                       provide wallets that are interoperable and can be
                       used for all their intended purposes.


                       For example, the wallets should enable:


                       secure online cross-border identification for a
                       wide range of public and private services;
                       • sharing of electronic attestations; and
                       • issuance of electronic signatures.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ European_Digital_Identity_Wallets_–
                  person_identification_data_and_electronic_attestations_of
                  attributes⠀⇛


                       Feedback period: 12 August 2024 - 09 September 2024
                       [...]


                       This initiative is one of four initiatives on the
                       main set-up of the European Digital Identity
                       Wallets.


                       It aims to ensure the smooth lifecycle management
                       of both personal identification data and electronic
                       attestations, covering issuance, verification,
                       revocation and suspension. This guarantees that
                       users’ personal identification data and electronic
                       attestations are issued to the wallet and can be
                       disclosed to relevant parties.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ European_Digital_Identity_Wallets_–
                  protocols_and_interfaces_to_be_supported⠀⇛


                       Feedback period: 12 August 2024 - 09 September 2024
                       [...]


                       This is one of four initiatives on the main set-up
                       of the European Digital Identity Wallets. It aims
                       to ensure the proper implementation of protocols
                       and interfaces crucial for the effective operation
                       of the wallets.


                       By supporting common protocols and interfaces, the
                       wallets can guarantee:


                       • successful issuance and presentation of
                       identification data and electronic attestations;
                       • successful data sharing between wallet units; and
                       • efficient communication with relevant parties.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ European_Digital_Identity_Wallets_–
                  certification⠀⇛


                       Feedback period: 12 August 2024 - 09 September 2024
                       [...]


                       This initiative aims to lay down the requirements
                       for certification of the conformity of European
                       Digital Identity Wallets. Where Member States
                       cannot use European cybersecurity certification
                       schemes based on Regulation (EU) 2019/881 or if
                       such schemes are not sufficient, they must
                       establish national certification schemes to
                       supplement them. These schemes must, for instance,
                       specify the competence requirements and an
                       evaluation process.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ European_Digital_Identity_Wallets_–
                  trust_framework⠀⇛


                       Feedback period: 12 August 2024 - 09 September 2024
                       [...]


                       This initiative is one of four initiatives on the
                       main set-up of the European Digital Identity
                       Wallets.


                       It aims to ensure that the electronic notification
                       system established by the European Commission acts
                       as a secure and transparent communication channel
                       for exchanging information between the Commission
                       and the Member States.


                # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Cisco_plans_to_slash_4,000_more_jobs_this
                  week⠀⇛


                       The official announcement could come as soon as
                       Wednesday when Cisco is due to share its fourth-
                       quarter results, sources told the news wire.


                # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Gössner:_Türkey_disregards
                  rulings_of_the_European_Court_of_Human_Rights⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Project Censored ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_The_Corporate_Press_
                  (Finally)_Sounds_the_Alarm_on_Project_2025⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Canada’s_Aid_is
                  Failing_to_Reform_Human_Rights’_Violations_in_the_Americas⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Hate_speech_targets
                  Kamala_Harris_on_social_media⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Spain:_Police_launch
                  manhunt_after_defiant_Puigdemont_speech⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Vance_says_he_would
                  deport_‘violent_criminals’_first_in_Michigan_speech⠀⇛


                # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Opinion_|_The_Chaos_in_Britain_Has
                        Been_Coming⠀⇛


                             Disinformation is at the heart of the riots.
                             In the aftermath of the killings in
                             Southport, users on X posted and shared false
                             claims, stating that the alleged attacker was
                             an asylum seeker who arrived in Britain by
                             boat — when he was in fact born and raised in
                             Wales. On TikTok, far-right users went live
                             and called on one another to gather in
                             protest. Their reach was wide. Thanks to the
                             platform’s aggressively personalized For You
                             page, it is not difficult to get videos in
                             front of users who have already engaged with
                             far-right or anti-migrant content.


                      # ⚓ NPR ☛ 162_lies_and_distortions_in_a_news_conference.
                        NPR_fact-checks_former_President_Trump⠀⇛


                             But there was so much more. A team of NPR
                             reporters and editors reviewed the transcript
                             of his news conference and found at least 162
                             misstatements, exaggerations and outright
                             lies in 64 minutes. That’s more than two a
                             minute. It’s a stunning number for anyone –
                             and even more problematic for a person
                             running to lead the free world.


                             Politicians spin. They fib. They misspeak.
                             They make honest mistakes like the rest of
                             us. And, yes, they even sometimes exaggerate
                             their biographies.


                             The expectation, though, is that they will
                             treat the truth as something important and
                             correct any errors.


                             But what former President Trump did this past
                             Thursday went well beyond the bounds of what
                             most politicians would do.


                      # ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ Insecure_Trump_Lies,_Claims_Harris
                        Crowd_Was_Manipulated_With_AI⠀⇛


                             Trump is lying. Multiple news channels
                             broadcast the event via live stream, where
                             the crowd is clearly visible. Photographers
                             from the Associated Press and many other
                             national and international outlets captured
                             the attendees. Local news reported that
                             “about 15,000 people filled the hangar” and
                             the crowd was “spilling out onto the tarmac
                             and cheering as Air Force Two arrived.”


                      # ⚓ India Times ☛ AI:_The_problem_is_not_AI._It's_the
                        disbelief_created_by_Donald_Trump.⠀⇛


                             Fake AI imagery is a challenging problem, and
                             not simply because it looks realistic. The
                             key issue is that these images muddy the
                             waters of credibility for everyone, while
                             providing a handy excuse for political
                             operatives willing to lie to their supporters
                             already eager to believe the lie.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Opinion_|_Trump’s_Big_Lie_About
                        Harris’s_Crowds⠀⇛


                             One way to read this post is that Trump is
                             delusional. He can’t cope with Harris besting
                             him on the metric he’s long valued the most —
                             the size of his audience — and so is denying
                             reality and having a tantrum. But however
                             disordered Trump’s mind might be, I suspect
                             there’s also a sort of strategy at work here.
                             He is helping his supporters build a
                             rationale for rejecting the election results
                             if Harris wins.


                      # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Trump’s_Latest_False_Claim_Is_a_Huge
                        Tell⠀⇛


                             The turnout at Harris events is entirely
                             real, and political analysts suspect that the
                             crowds she has attracted are making Trump
                             jealous and nervous. But the AI lie is about
                             more than Trump’s size anxiety—it portends a
                             dark and desperate chapter in this already
                             distressing presidential-election season.


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ Trump_Falsely_Claims_a
                        Crowd_Photo_From_Harris'_Campaign_Rally_in_Detroit_Was
                        Created_Using_AI⠀⇛


                             Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump
                             has been spreading false claims that an image
                             of thousands of people waiting at Detroit's
                             airport as Democrat Kamala Harris arrived for
                             a campaign rally was fabricated with the help
                             of artificial intelligence.


                      # ⚓ [Old] CFI ☛ Carl_Sagan’s_Baloney_Detection_Kit_|
                        Center_for_Inquiry⠀⇛


                             Clement, Hume, Paine, and Huxley were all
                             talking about religion. But much of what they
                             wrote has more general applications — for
                             example to the pervasive background
                             importunings of our commercial civilization:
                             There is a class of aspirin commercials in
                             which actors pretending to be doctors reveal
                             the competing product to have only so much of
                             the painkilling ingredient that doctors
                             recommend most — they don’t tell you what the
                             mysterious ingredient is. Whereas their
                             product has a dramatically larger amount (1.2
                             to 2 times more per tablet). So buy their
                             product. But why not just take two of the
                             competing tablets? Or consider the analgesic
                             that works better than the “regular-strength”
                             product of the competition. Why not then take
                             the “extra-strength” competitive product? And
                             of course they do not tell us of the more
                             than a thousand deaths each year in the
                             United States from the use of aspirin, or the
                             roughly 5000 annual cases of kidney failure
                             from the use of acetaminophen, chiefly
                             Tylenol. Or who cares which breakfast cereal
                             has more vitamins when we can take a vitamin
                             pill with breakfast? Likewise, why should it
                             matter whether an antacid contains calcium if
                             the calcium is for nutrition and irrelevant
                             for gastritis? Commercial culture is full of
                             similar misdirections and evasions at the
                             expense of the consumer. You’re not supposed
                             to ask. Don’t think. Buy.


                             Paid product endorsements, especially by real
                             or purported experts, constitute a steady
                             rainfall of deception. They betray contempt
                             for the intelligence of their customers. They
                             introduce an insidious corruption of popular
                             attitudes about scientific objectivity. Today
                             there are even commercials in which real
                             scientists, some of considerable distinction,
                             shill for corporations. They teach that
                             scientists too will lie for money. As Tom
                             Paine warned, inuring us to lies lays the
                             groundwork for many other evils.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_The_KOSA_Internet
                  Censorship_Bill_Just_Passed_The_Senate—It’s_Our_Last_Chance
                  To_Stop_It⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Meta_Beats
                  Censorship_Lawsuit_by_RFK_Jr's_Anti-Vaccine_Group⠀⇛


                # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Instagram_freely_accessible
                  again_in_Turkey⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Turkey
                  Restores_Access_to_Instagram_After_9-Day_Block⠀⇛


                # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_HRW_and_İFÖD:_Turkey’s
                  arbitrary_decision_to_block_access_to_Instagram_is_a
                  violation_of_rights⠀⇛


                # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Access_to_953,415_websites
                  and_domains_blocked_in_Turkey_in_2023⠀⇛


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Jordan_Peterson_agrees_to_social
                  media_coaching_after_Supreme_Court_declines_free_speech
                  case⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_The_ACLU_Fired_One_of
                  Its_Workers_for_Criticizing_Management⠀⇛


                # ⚓ India Times ☛ Russia_blocks_messaging_app_Signal_as
                  authorities_tighten_control_over_information⠀⇛


                       Russia's communications watchdog, Roskomnadzor,
                       blocked the Signal messaging app, citing violation
                       of local laws. This action is part of ongoing
                       efforts to control information during the Ukraine
                       conflict. The authorities have previously
                       restricted access to several independent media and
                       online platforms, including Twitter and YouTube, to
                       curb opposition views.


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ ANF News ☛ Iran_sentences_two_female_journalists_to
                  prison⠀⇛


                       Niloufer Hamedi's lawyers stated that their
                       client's case was related to the protests that
                       started after the murder of Kurdish woman Jina
                       Mahsa Amini in Tehran in October 2022.


                # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Media_crackdown_continues_4_years_after
                  contested_Belarus_election⠀⇛


                       A court in the city of Mogilev sentenced freelance
                       reporter Ales Sabaleuski to four years in prison
                       and cameraman Yauhen Hlushkou to three years on
                       extremism-related charges. Both were also ordered
                       to pay fines of $2,450, according to media
                       watchdogs.


                # ⚓ The Dissenter ☛ NYPD_Weaponizes_Hate_Crimes_Law_Against_A
                  Journalist⠀⇛


                       New York police raided the Brooklyn home of local
                       journalist Samuel Seligson—twice—and charged him
                       with a “hate crime” for covering an action by
                       activists opposed to Israel's war on Gaza that
                       involved spray-painting the homes of Brooklyn
                       Museum directors.


                       Press freedom and First Amendment groups
                       immediately condemned this extraordinary attack on
                       journalism by New York authorities, which was
                       clearly intended to discourage coverage of more
                       militant acts of protest.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Corporate_values:_Why
                  do_companies_bother_saying_'sorry'?⠀⇛


                # ⚓ EFF ☛ Federal_Appeals_Court_Finds_Geofence_Warrants_Are
                  “Categorically”_Unconstitutional⠀⇛


                       The new Fifth Circuit case, United States v. Smith,
                       involved an armed robbery and assault of a US
                       Postal Service worker at a post office in
                       Mississippi in 2018. After several months of
                       investigation, police had no identifiable suspects,
                       so they obtained a geofence warrant covering a
                       large geographic area around the post office for
                       the hour surrounding the crime. Google responded to
                       the warrant with information on several devices,
                       ultimately leading police to the two defendants.


                       On appeal, the Fifth Circuit reached several
                       important holdings.


                       First, it determined that under the Supreme Court’s
                       landmark ruling in Carpenter v. United States,
                       individuals have a reasonable expectation of
                       privacy in the location data implicated by geofence
                       warrants. As a result, the court broke from the
                       Fourth Circuit’s deeply flawed decision last month
                       in United States v. Chatrie, noting that although
                       geofence warrants can be more “limited temporally”
                       than the data sought in Carpenter, geofence
                       location data is still highly invasive because it
                       can expose sensitive information about a person’s
                       associations and allow police to “follow” them into
                       private spaces.


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ Travel-nurse_company_turned_my_life_upside_down,
                  health_worker_says⠀⇛


                       He is still officially an employee of the company
                       but has not been paid since June 19.


                       The company also terminated the lease for the house
                       in Edmundston where he's been living with his
                       family and reneged on a promise to pay to ship his
                       belongings back to France, Siviniant said.


          o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Logitech’s_‘Forever_Mouse’_Idea_Pulled_Back
                  After_Backlash⠀⇛


                       Narrator: consumers perceived those to be very
                       different. From both the public and tech
                       journalists alike, the idea of a subscription-based
                       optical mouse was lampooned viciously. And for good
                       reason. The fatigue in the public for subscription
                       sprawl is very, very real. As is the public’s
                       ability to suss out when they’re being scammed. The
                       idea that a peripheral like a mouse should come
                       with a monthly subscription is obviously absurd on
                       its face. I need my mouse to point and click at
                       things and then, hey, maybe a couple of other
                       features. I don’t need it to change. I don’t need
                       it to download anything beyond any updates that
                       will keep it working with my operating system.
                       Point. And then click.


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_US_court_rules_Google_is
            monopoly_in_antitrust_case⠀⇛


          o ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Plant_variety_rights_for_'Sugraone'
            grapes_invalidated_in_Italy⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ The_Apple_Tax_Hits_Patreon—New_Payment
            Options_for_iOS⠀⇛


                 Apple is requiring Patreon to switch to their in-app
                 payment system for all iOS transactions or be kicked out
                 of the App Store. Patreon says Apple’s in-app purchase
                 system is not built with its “creator-first flexibility,”
                 which will result in some changes to the experience for
                 people who subscribe to creators through iOS. Patreon is
                 required to switch over by November 2024 with some pretty
                 serious consequences for creators who use the platform.


          o ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Patreon_warns_content_makers_that_Apple_wants
            to_be_paid⠀⇛


                 Patreon today said Apple will soon take a 30 percent cut
                 of new subscriptions bought via its iOS app.


                 This is because, according to Patreon, the app maker is
                 being strong-armed by Apple into dropping third-party
                 billing options from its iOS application, and instead
                 must use the iPhone giant's own in-app purchasing system.
                 It's either do what Cupertino says, or risk having the
                 software booted out of the iOS App Store, we're told.


          o ⚓ Macworld ☛ Patreon_warns_creators:_Get_ready_to_pay_Apple's_30%
            tax⠀⇛


                 Patreon says “most” creators use subscription billing and
                 will require all creators to use subscription billing by
                 November 2025. Of note, the change doesn’t apply to
                 existing memberships, only new sign-ups. It goes into
                 effect beginning November 1.


          o ⚓ MacRumors ☛ Apple_Requiring_Patreon_to_Use_In-App_Purchase_and
            Pay_30%_Fee_for_Memberships⠀⇛


                 In January 2024, Patreon started using in-app purchases
                 and paying Apple a 30 percent fee on digital products,
                 but beginning in November, new Patreon memberships will
                 also need to be done through in-app purchase and will be
                 subject to the fee as well. Right now, when you subscribe
                 to a creator through Patreon, Patreon directs you to a
                 purchase flow that skirts built-in ‌App Store‌ payments,
                 and Apple does not take a 30 percent cut.


                 To account for the 30 percent fee that Apple will
                 collect, Patreon will give creators the option to either
                 increase their prices just in the iOS app, or absorb the
                 fee themselves, keeping prices the same across platforms.
                 The changes to Patreon payments will only affect new
                 memberships purchased through an iPhone or iPad from
                 November onwards, and not existing subscribers.


          o ⚓ The Verge ☛ Patreon_adds_Apple_tax_to_avoid_getting_kicked_out_of
            the_App_Store⠀⇛


                 Patreon memberships sold on the iOS app will soon be
                 subject to Apple’s 30 percent commission on in-app
                 purchases. In a post on Monday, Patreon says Apple is
                 forcing the platform to use the company’s in-app payment
                 system starting in November or “risk being kicked out of
                 the App Store.”


          o ⚓ Patreon ☛ Apple’s_requirements_to_hit_creators_and_fans_on
            Patreon⠀⇛


                 Apple is requiring that Patreon switch to their iOS in-
                 app purchase system starting this November, or risk being
                 removed from the App Store. Here’s what’s coming, and
                 what you can do about it.


          o ⚓ Matthias Endler ☛ The_Dying_Web⠀⇛


                 Now, the world's largest websites are owned by the same
                 company, which also owns the world's most popular browser
                 and search engine. Coincidentally, they are also the
                 world's largest advertising company. And people are
                 wondering why they can't block ads on YouTube anymore.


                 We gave it all away for nothing.


          o § Patents⠀➾


                # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_New_USPTO_Guidance_on_the_use
                  of_AI_in_precision_medicine [Ed: Using meaningless Microsoft-
                  promoted buzzwords to write laws/rules when the USPTO
                  Director is former Microsoft lawyer]⠀⇛


                # § Kangaroo Courts⠀➾


                      # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_[UPCKat]_Revisiting
                        lessons_from_the_first_ex_parte_UPC_preliminary
                        injunction_in_myStromer_v_Revolt [Ed: UPC is totally
                        illegal, but Team UPC continues to try to legitimise
                        its illegal processes]⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Fishy_evidence:_Do_we
                        have_the_right_sufficiency_standard_for_therapeutic
                        use?(T_1057/22) [Ed: Another kangaroo court of the
                        EPO]⠀⇛


          o § Trademarks⠀➾


                # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_AG_Campos_Sánchez-Bordona
                  opines_that_the_Commission_may_disagree_with_national
                  authorities_on_GI_applications_(C‑579/23_P)⠀⇛


          o § Copyrights⠀➾


                # ⚓ [Old] CNET ☛ Brazil's_minister_of_culture_calls_for_free
                  digital_society⠀⇛


                       This same philosophy applies to realm of software.
                       He noted special effects producers in Hollywood
                       have used open-source software because of the
                       flexibility it gives them.


                       "Open source as an instrument is more flexible and
                       contributing to knowledge, ideas and
                       possibilities," he said. "Of course we are going to
                       face problems of guaranteeing property and
                       renumeration of property on one side and the public
                       interest on the other side."


                       What's needed, he said, is more discussion of the
                       proper balance in the political realm.


                       Since being Minister of Culture, he has worked with
                       the Creative Commons group to allow musicians to
                       permit others to take their creations and use them
                       in various forms.


                # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ RuTube_Embraces_Piracy_Then_Vanishes_From
                  Apple's_App_Store_&_Google_Play⠀⇛


                       On Russia's answer to YouTube, traffic has doubled
                       in the last 12 months. RuTube is currently awash
                       with pirated copies of Hollywood movies and, during
                       the summer, RuTube used imagery from Barbie and
                       Oppenheimer to advertise the fact. Last week,
                       Russian telecoms operators gave RuTube another
                       boost by massively throttling YouTube. On Friday,
                       RuTube's apps were suddenly removed from Apple's
                       App Store and Google Play.


                # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ 'MagisTV'_Piracy_Blocking_Efforts_in
                  Ecuador_Expand,_Trademark_Application_Denied⠀⇛


                       Ecuador's top football league, LigaPro, continues
                       to fight the availability of pirate streaming
                       services. Dozens of 'unauthorized' platforms are
                       active, but MagisTV is seen as the main adversary.
                       To combat this threat, dozens of new IP-addresses
                       were blocked by Internet providers. Meanwhile,
                       rightsholders caught a ball out of left field,
                       successfully opposing a trademark application by
                       MagisTV.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3726

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/08/2024: Broken Phone and
KOReader⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Winery_in_Argentina⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
                # Internet/Gemini
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ Life_seems_to_like_only_big_twists⠀⇛


                       Hi folks. I've been a bit quiet due to the change
                       in rhythm coming from the summer. It's kinda hard
                       to find a moment of rest when everything is time
                       for it, somehow.


                       ~bartender, let's go for a plain espresso this
                       time. Short, no sugar. Thank you.


                       The only constant rhythm in my life is the slow
                       sipping of a good coffee.


                # ⚓ confirmation_of_dissatisfaction:_it's_not_worth_it⠀⇛


                       So many times, I've tried and tried again - to
                       want, to like, to actually have a reason to *have*
                       a reason to be in this world. A search which was
                       never implied, a search that never needed an answer
                       for.


                       Birth (is): hi, how are you, you're on Earth now. :
                       stares blankly back (at me):


                       (*what* is staring - to be not known)


                       A father of dyslexic background, severe learning
                       capabilities, a mother of malignant narcicissm,
                       crass behavior towards others - descriptors of
                       those. That is, whose who got me here.


                # ⚓ project_oriented_doggo⠀⇛


                       different topic: spirituality seems to be shifting
                       towards ancestor stuff. it does so anyway around
                       autumn, but i think with all my elders gone, it's
                       going to be a big theme and need, keeping up with
                       that. having that as my Broader Context. i can
                       still do what i do, just add an ancestral angle to
                       it. what i really wish is to have enough room for
                       an ancestral shrine. like.. a gallery wall with all
                       the photos or something. i could definitely try to
                       work out a digital version to have on my desktop!
                       and there's the long term project of learning
                       flemish (dutch for now) to be able to talk to the
                       Local Elders.


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ Broken_Phone⠀⇛


                       The Fairphone is a bit more expensive than what I
                       would want to spend on a phone, so let's hope it
                       lasts me a long time.


                # ⚓ Broken_Phone⠀⇛


                       My phone died last week. It got stuck in a boot
                       loop and there was no way to get it to talk to a PC
                       via USB. I tried draining its battery a couple of
                       time and it didn't really help, so I bit the bullet
                       and bought a Fairphone. The Fairphone is a bit more
                       expensive than what I would want to spend on a
                       phone, so let's hope it lasts me a long time.


                # ⚓ Technical_writing_is_too_complex⠀⇛


                       I maintain a documentation site at my place of
                       work. Since I started writing it, we've added a lot
                       of different tools and markup to facilitate adding
                       bits and pieces in to the writing itself. Callouts,
                       fancy tables, tabbed code snippets... you name it,
                       we've got it. Since we write in MDX we can build an
                       interface into our component library to populate it
                       with content. Sounds good in theory, but in
                       practice I believe it's making the documentation
                       messier.


                       For my personal site, I write using Gemini markup
                       ("Gemtext"). You can think of it as being like a
                       very, very basic version of Markdown. The
                       specification handles headers, single-level
                       unordered lists, blockquotes, links (on their own
                       line), and preformatted text blocks. That's it. You
                       can read the full specification in about a minute.


                # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾


                      # ⚓ gemini.koplugin_0.3.1⠀⇛


                             A little news on my Gemini client plugin for
                             KOReader. I submitted it for inclusion in the
                             main distribution. The maintainers were
                             friendly, but weren't convinced that its
                             utility for typical users would justify the
                             maintenance and translation burden. A shame,
                             but fair enough.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3884

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/08/2024: Fast Food and
Zines⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Woodland_black_and_white_photograph⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Politics_and_World_Events
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ 2024_Week_30/31/32:_Photos⠀⇛


                       I'm holding off writing small thoughts in this
                       post. My goal is to break them out into slightly
                       larger posts over the week.


                # ⚓ Recently⠀⇛


                       If you follow this site you may have noticed that
                       in April I stopped doing the monthly update I
                       started back in 2019. These last months have been a
                       bit hard and I failed to get the energy to follow
                       the update scheme I self-imposed so I'm going to
                       break with that and do, at least for this one, a
                       simpler one.


                # ⚓ A_few_tired_thoughts⠀⇛


                       Have a lot of random thoughts bouncing around in my
                       head today. I was on a bus between cities yesterday
                       which, y'know, was hard since that meant I was
                       wearing a mask for over three hours straight
                       without a sip of water. (this is a rare instance
                       where my instincts of self-deprivation are helpful)


                       But it did give me a chunk of time unplugged and
                       just a notebook and pen to occupy me. And it got me
                       thinking about how, even though I have a huge
                       collection of digital notes (at some point I'll
                       write a gempost about how I use the emacs package
                       denote for this...oh look of course my capsule is
                       down as soon as I'm not there to fix it) that
                       there's something inherently very different about
                       pen & paper vs. digital collection.


                # ⚓ So_much_time_on_busses_lately⠀⇛


                       As someone who can't drive but feels caged inside
                       my apartment I use the bus a lot, at least when the
                       distance is further than I can walk. My "walking
                       radius" has gotten longer and longer over the
                       pandemic to be maybe two miles one way comfortably
                       if I'm also planning to walk back *immediately* and
                       three to four miles if I'm going to have some time
                       to rest or do other things before coming home.


                       But *but* even with all of that it means this city
                       has started to feel very terribly small because
                       years of mostly sticking to the same maybe 10sq
                       mile zone has made me feel more like I live in a
                       tiny town that a real city


                # ⚓ A_Thorny_Thing⠀⇛


                       I have a dream. A foolish dream that will never
                       come true, but that's all right. Some dreams are
                       like that.


                       Once upon a time, the English alphabet had more
                       letters than it does now. And my dream is to bring
                       some of them back.


                       In particular, I want to resurrect the old letter
                       thorn[1] for the english dental fricative, "th",
                       sound. Is that not a common enough sound to warrant
                       its own letter? It only fell out of favor because
                       early German-made printing presses didn't have that
                       letter[2]. But haven't we moved beyond those
                       limitations by now?


                # ⚓ Fast_Food⠀⇛


                       Microwave some frozen peas; add olive oil, walnuts,
                       minced shallots, vinegar, and some soy sauce.
                       Chopping up the shallots is probably most of the
                       time, but there are reputed benefits to eating
                       onions more towards the raw side. Soak the shallots
                       in vinegar for a bit to cut down on some of the
                       burn, or cook them for a bit, unless you hate
                       vinegar or really anything else listed here.


                # ⚓ when_the_days_blend_together⠀⇛


                       what a week/weekend it's been. ~bartender, just a
                       beer please, whatever's on tap.


                       I haven't been able to step into the Pub since the
                       last post I made thanks to being away from my
                       internet, and we ended up losing my father-in-law.
                       It's been a crazy week with family coming in and
                       out, memorial planning, and all the usual stuff.


                       With everything going on the days blended together.
                       I woke up on Saturday thinking it was Friday until
                       I checked my phone. Thankfully, I just got back
                       home last night and caught up on some sleep - at
                       the in-laws' place, we were sleeping on an air
                       mattress, and my back doesn't seem to like them. I
                       maybe slept for 3-4ish hours each day that we were
                       over there.


                # ⚓ *hiccup*⠀⇛


                       Archetypal chaos, wondrous wonder. Why am I like
                       this? No need, no weed. Fearsome frowning going on
                       over there. Please, amphetamines! Consider this,
                       *proceeds to shoot the public*, The End. Ferocious
                       fallacy, first man in space, last man in my heart!
                       A collection of lofty remedies. Prescription
                       psyllocibin. Fill an opera hall, with weed! Eww.
                       Distorted peninsula, partake in party activities.
                       Poor people person. Burst into laughter, find a way
                       out! Paranormal paranoia, crazy babies, genderfluid
                       licuefaction.


                # ⚓ Deleting_everything⠀⇛


                       Every few years I feel like I should just remove
                       everything, stop talking with everyone and hope
                       that I no longer exist.


                       Maybe every year actually.


                       Realistically, every month.


                       This blog is very much in line of sight for
                       everything removal. I said stupid things and I hate
                       it. I knew I would say stupid things before
                       starting, and it doesn't actually make things less
                       stupid.


          o § Politics and World Events⠀➾


                # ⚓ I_don't_really_like_(the_parts_I_saw)_of_Seattle⠀⇛


                       My spicy take from having seen mostly just the city
                       core is that, y'know, I think seattle is kind of
                       the bad end for portland: like what would happen if
                       we got completely eaten by the tech sector.
                       Everything was even more expensive than here in
                       pdx, the air stank with car exhaust, there were
                       fewer trees and transit was even worse.


                       It definitely gave me more appreciation for the
                       fact that portland, despite being having a
                       population of ~1 million people, still feels more
                       like a small town except with a functional transit
                       system. Yeah, okay I didn't expect to come back
                       with a new appreciation for trimet but I sure do.
                       At least when a bus is late it's still going to
                       arrive.


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ Zines_and_things⠀⇛


                       So I've been a "smol internet" person for years now
                       (...which reminds me I'm still grumpy that my
                       capsule went down as I was leaving town when I'd
                       just checked it that morning. I haven't wanted to
                       deal with the hassle of setting it up so I can ssh
                       into it outside my own wifi but maybe I will in the
                       future.) and my partner tor has been into 'zine
                       making for about as long


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4121

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/08/2024: More Microsoft Shutdowns,
Microsoft Azure Layoffs Linked to Outages⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024,
updated Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cowboy_Riding_a_Horse⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Environment
                # Wildlife/Nature
                # Overpopulation
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Patents
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Ex-YouTube_CEO
            Susan_Wojcicki_And_19-Year-Old_Son_Die_Six_Months_Apart:_What
            Happened_To_Them?⠀⇛


          o ⚓ The Age AU ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Tech_titan_and_former_YouTube
            chief_dies_at_56⠀⇛


          o ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Susan_Wojcicki,
            Former_YouTube_CEO_and_Longtime_Google_Executive,_Has_Died_at_56⠀⇛


          o ⚓ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Susan_Wojcicki,_Former_YouTube_CEO_and
            Longtime_Google_Executive,_Dies_From_Cancer_at_56⠀⇛


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Why_we_get_less
                  narcissistic_with_age⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Would_you_trust_an
                  ant_to_amputate_your_limb?_Science_is_showing_they_are
                  skilled_surgeons⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_It’s_almost
                  impossible_to_become_an_Olympic_athlete_without_overtraining
                  —_here’s_why⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-03_[Older]_Meteorite_that_exploded
                  over_Germany_4.5_billion_years_old⠀⇛


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Tiny_Knob_Keeps_You_In_Control⠀⇛


                       There are many forms of human interface device
                       beyond the ubiquitous keyboard and mouse, but when
                       it comes to fine-tuning a linear setting such as a
                       volume control there’s nothing quite like a knob.
                       When it comes to peripherals it’s not the size that
                       matters, as proven by  [Stefan Wagner] with the
                       Tiny Knob. It’s a very small PCB with a rotary
                       encoder and knob, an ATtiny85, a USB port, and not
                       much else.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Virus_Behind_COVID-19_Now_Rampant_in_Wild
                  Animals,_Study_Finds⠀⇛


                       Even more chances to mutate.


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_How_the_most_powerful
                  environmental_groups_help_greenwash_Big_Meat’s_climate
                  impact⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Ditching_factory_farming_can_help
                  prevent_another_pandemic⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_How_Factory_Farming_Ends⠀⇛


          o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Microsoft’s_Paint_3D_Might_be_Shutting_Down_Soon⠀⇛


                       Remember Microsoft 3D Paint? Several years ago,
                       Microsoft’s launch of its new-at-the-time 3D
                       modelling app put 3D Paint as its major replacement
                       for the older Paint app, with a focus on giving
                       users a more in-depth tool to work on their visual
                       creations. However, recent reports claim that
                       Microsoft might soon discontinue the app, based on
                       some info online.


                # ⚓ Digital Journal ☛ Was_the_Microsoft_Azure_outage_linked_to
                  recent_layoffs?⠀⇛


                       Microsoft faced a major outage affecting its Azure
                       infrastructure and Microsoft 365 services. This
                       outage significantly disrupted services for users
                       globally, impacting businesses and individual users
                       reliant on Microsoft’s cloud services.


                       The outage began at approximately 11:45 UTC and was
                       reportedly resolved by 19:43 UTC, lasting almost
                       eight hours.


                       While there have been other such outages over
                       recent years, a specific report by Business Insider
                       draws a potential causality relationship between
                       two key events.


                       On June 3, 2024 Business Insider reports that
                       Microsoft was laying off hundreds of employees from
                       its Azure cloud unit. This decision was part of a
                       broader restructuring effort aimed at improving
                       operational efficiency and focusing on core
                       business areas amid a challenging economic
                       environment.


                # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Apple_Is_Sending_Out_$395
                  Checks_for_Butterfly_Keyboard_Settlement [Ed: Admits guilt]⠀⇛


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Will_Montenegro_turn
                  its_back_on_the_West?⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Airstrike
                  Kills_Five_Pro-Iran_Fighters_in_Eastern_Syria,_Security
                  Sources_Say⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_UN_Appeals
                  for_Security_Council_Help_to_Combat_Famine_in_Sudan⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Maduro
                  Security_Forces_Round_up_Venezuelans_Involved_in_Protests_in
                  'Operation_Knock-Knock'⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Rockets_Fired
                  at_Iraq's_Ain_Al-Asad_Airbase_Housing_US_Forces,_Security
                  Sources_Say⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_France_and
                  Italy_Urge_Citizens_to_Leave_Lebanon_Due_to_Security_Risks⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_UK:_Starmer_to_chair
                  emergency_meeting_over_far-right_riots⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_UK:_Far-right_rioters
                  storm_hotel_housing_migrants⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Red_triangle_symbol:
                  Germany_debating_a_ban⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Nigeria:_President
                  Tinubu_calls_for_end_to_deadly_protests⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Germany,_Philippines
                  commit_to_defense_deal_by_end_of_year⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_TikTok_Says
                  Court_Should_Reject_DOJ_Secret_Filings_in_Divestiture_Suit⠀⇛


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_TikTok
                  Teacher_Advises_Against_Sharing_This_Back-To-School_Photo_Of
                  Your_Child_For_Safety_Reasons⠀⇛


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_US
                  TikToker_Slammed_For_Telling_Tourists_That_20%_Tip_Is_The
                  'Kind,_Right_Thing_To_Do'_When_Eating_Out⠀⇛


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]
                  'Americans_Are_So_Broke_And_They_Don't_Even_Realize_It':
                  TikToker_Explains_Why_Mexicans_Are_Better_Off_Than_Their_US
                  Counterparts⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_TikTok_Is_About_to_Get_More
                  Promotional_(and_Annoying)⠀⇛


                # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Ukraine_updates:
                        Kursk_governor_calls_for_quicker_evacuation⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Belarus
                        Boosts_Troops_at_Border,_Summons_Diplomat_After
                        Accusing_Ukraine_of_Airspace_Violation⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Belarus
                        Demands_Ukraine_Act_Against_New_Airspace_Violations⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Convict
                        in_Kremlin_Critic_Murder_Released_From_Jail_to_Fight_in
                        Ukraine_-_Agencies⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]
                        Ukraine's_Zelenskiy_Suggests_Moves_Towards_Banning
                        Orthodox_Church_With_Moscow_Ties⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Uses_Olympic_Spotlight_to_Capture_Global_Attention_and
                        Fight_War_Fatigue⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Olympics:
                        Ukrainian_MP_Beleniuk_wins_bronze,_then_retires⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Ukraine_updates:
                        Putin_orders_reinforcements_to_Kursk⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_US
                        Announces_$125_Million_Military_Aid_Package_for
                        Ukraine⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_US_to
                        Send_Stinger_Missiles,_Ammunition_to_Ukraine_in_New
                        $125_Million_Package⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Putin
                        Says_Ukrainian_Attack_on_Kursk_Is_a_Major_Provocation⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_EU
                        Governments_Give_Green_Light_to_4.2_Billion_Euros
                        Payout_to_Ukraine⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Diverts_More_Funding_Towards_Missile_Programme,
                        Zelenskiy_Says⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Mali_breaks
                        diplomatic_ties_with_Ukraine⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ The Local DK ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Zelensky_thanks
                        Denmark_after_Ukraine_receives_first_F-16_jets⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_High
                        Jumper_Yaroslava_Mahuchikh_and_Other_Medal-Winning
                        Ukrainians_Put_Attention_on_War⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Says_Mali's_Decision_to_Cut_Ties_Over_Attack_Was_Hasty,
                        Short-Sighted⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Ukraine_updates:
                        Kuleba_heads_to_Africa_to_drum_up_support⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Ukraine:
                        Zelenskyy_says_F-16_combat_jets_already_in_use⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Mali
                        Says_Cutting_Ties_With_Ukraine_Over_Alleged_Involvement
                        in_Rebel_Attack⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Finally_Deploying_US-Made_F-16_Fighter_Jets,_Zelenskiy
                        Says⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Fire_at_cooling_tower_of_Zaporizhzhia
                        nuclear_power_plant⠀⇛


                             Kyiv and Moscow traded blame on Sunday after
                             a fire broke out at a cooling tower of the
                             Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, under the
                             control of Russian forces.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ukraine’s_Summer_Camps_Are_Altered
                        by_War⠀⇛


                             As the once carefree summers of Ukrainian
                             childhood and young adulthood are forever
                             altered by war, traditional camps have taken
                             on a more patriotic tone.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_Urges_West_To_Lift_Restrictions_On
                        Weapons_Use_As_Kursk_Offensive_Continues⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy
                             condemned Moscow's latest deadly attack on
                             civilian areas of Kyiv and urged his Western
                             allies to lift restrictions on the use of
                             weapons deep inside of Russia.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Fire_Hits_Zaporizhzhya_Nuclear_Plant,_But
                        Officials_Say_Safety_Not_Compromised⠀⇛


                             A fire has broken out on August 11 at a
                             cooling tower at the Russian-occupied
                             Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant in southern
                             Ukraine following what Russian officials say
                             was Ukrainian shelling, which authorities in
                             Kyiv denied.


                      # ⚓ LRT ☛ ‘Deafeating_Russia_is_best_thing_we_could_do
                        for_Russia‘_–_interview_with_Timothy_Snyder⠀⇛


                             Timothy Snyder, a professor of History at
                             Yale University and the author of books
                             including Bloodlands and The Road To
                             Unfreedom, spoke to Sashko Shevchenko of RFE/
                             RL's Ukrainian Service about possible
                             scenarios for ending Russia’s war against
                             Ukraine, what the collapse of Russia as an
                             empire could look like, the current
                             mobilisation efforts in Ukraine, and other
                             matters related to the war.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Ukraine_says_two_killed_in_Russian_drone
                        and_missile_attack_on_Kyiv_region⠀⇛


                             A four-year-old boy and his 35-year-old
                             father died when debris from a downed Russian
                             weapon fell on their home near the capital
                             Kyiv, Ukrainian officials said Sunday.  A 13-
                             year-old child was also injured in the
                             attack, Ukraine's emergency services said on
                             the Telegram messaging app.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ 'Thousands'_of_troops_part_of_incursion
                        aiming_to_'destabilise'_Russia,_says_top_Ukrainian
                        official⠀⇛


                             Thousands of Ukrainian troops are
                             participating in an incursion into Russia
                             that entered its sixth day on Sunday, a top
                             Ukrainian official told AFP. The official
                             said that Ukrainian troops would respect
                             international humanitarian law while on
                             Russian territory and that there were no
                             plans to annex areas they currently hold.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Investigative_Journalist_Urges_West_To
                        Withdraw_Reporters_From_Russia_To_Prevent_Arrests⠀⇛


                             Bulgarian investigative journalist Christo
                             Grozev urged Western news organizations to
                             withdraw any correspondents working in
                             Russia, saying the value of having reporters
                             there is outweighed by the risk of having
                             them seized and used by the Kremlin as an
                             asset in future prisoner swaps.


                      # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Branches_of
                        Foreign_Banks_to_Operate_in_Russia⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ CPJ ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_CPJ:_Russia’s_YouTube_slow
                        down_another_blow_to_independent_reporting⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_25_years_of
                        Vladimir_Putin_at_Russia's_helm⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Zelenskyy_says_surprise
                        Ukrainian_attack_in_Russia_puts_'necessary_pressure_on
                        the_aggressor'⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Downed
                        Ukraine-Launched_Missile_Injures_13_in_Russia's_Kursk,
                        Regional_Officials_Say⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]
                        Ukraine's_President_Indirectly_Acknowledges_Daring
                        Military_Incursion_Onto_Russian_Soil⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Ukraine_updates:
                        Russia_says_76,000_evacuated_from_Kursk⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Volunteers_Evacuate_Residents_Near_Russia's_Embattled
                        Kursk_Region⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Russia
                        Evacuates_Over_76,000_in_Kursk_Region_Amid_Ukraine
                        Incursion,_TASS_Cites_Emergency_Ministry⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Russia
                        Fighting_Intense_Battles_Against_Major_Ukrainian
                        Incursion⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Father,
                        4-Year-Old_Son_Killed_in_Russian_Air_Strike_on_Kyiv
                        Region⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Russia
                        Tightens_Security_in_Kursk_Region,_as_Fight_Continues
                        Against_Ukraine's_Surprise_Incursion⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Says_It_Hit_an_Offshore_Gas_Platform_Used_by_Russian
                        Forces⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]
                        Ukraine’s_Foray_Into_Russia’s_Border_Region_Embarrasses
                        Putin._How_Will_It_Affect_the_Course_of_War?⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-10_[Older]
                        Zelenskiy_Acknowledges_Military_Operation_in_Russia's
                        Kursk_Region⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ The Age AU ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Russian_chess_player
                        arrested_after_attempting_to_poison_younger_rival⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Russia
                        Blocks_Signal_Messaging_App_as_Authorities_Tighten
                        Control_Over_Information⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_What's_behind
                        Ukraine's_Kursk_operation_in_Russia?⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_US
                        Coast_Guard_Patrol_Spots_Russian_Military_Ship_off
                        Alaska_Islands⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]
                        Exclusive-Iran_to_Deliver_Hundreds_of_Ballistic
                        Missiles_to_Russia_Soon,_Intel_Sources_Say⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_For
                        Freed_Russian_Opposition_Activist_Ilya_Yashin,_Resuming
                        Work_Against_Putin_Is_His_Priority⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Russia
                        Imposes_Anti-Terrorism_Measures_in_Three_Border
                        Regions,_Agencies_Say,_Quoting_Officials⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Russian
                        in_Prisoner_Swap_Ends_US_Hack-And-Trade_Conviction
                        Appeal⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Russian
                        Man_Held_Without_Bail_on_Charges_He_Procured_US
                        Electronics_for_Russian_Military_Use⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Raids_Russian_Forces_on_Occupied_Kinburn_Spit,_Kyiv
                        Says⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Video
                        on_Ukrainian_Media_Shows_Soldiers_in_Control_of_Gas
                        Facility_in_Russia's_Kursk_Region⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ CPJ ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_How_Russia_silences_critical
                        coverage_of_its_war_in_Ukraine⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Power_Play_in
                        Africa:_Risch_Charts_U.S.-Europe_Course_to_Counter
                        China,_Russia⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Ukraine_updates:
                        Russia_scrambles_against_Kursk_incursion⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Vladimir_Putin:
                        At_Russia's_helm_for_a_quarter_of_a_century⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_IAEA_Is
                        Monitoring_Situation_Around_Russia's_Kursk_Nuclear
                        Plant_-_RIA⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Mexico
                        Rejects_Ukraine's_Request_to_Arrest_Russia's_Putin
                        During_Visit⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]
                        Ukrainian_Official_Dismisses_Notion_of_New_Peace_Summit
                        as_Start_of_Russia_Talks⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Nigeria
                        Detains_Tailors_Who_Made_Russian_Flags_for_Anti-
                        Government_Protests⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Nigeria
                        Arrests_Seven_Polish_Nationals_for_Raising_Russian
                        Flags_at_Protests⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Russian
                        Shelling_Kills_Four_in_Ukraine's_Donetsk_Region⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Says_It_Raided_Russian-Controlled_Spit_in_Black_Sea⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_U.S.-
                        Russian_Citizen_Ksenia_Karelina_Pleads_Guilty_to
                        Treason,_State_Media_Says⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Russia_claims_it
                        is_repelling_Ukrainian_border_attack⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Russia
                        Warns_Ukraine:_Peace_Terms_Will_Only_Get_Worse⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_A_Failed
                        Attempt_of_Peace_Communique_Between_Russia-Ukraine⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Learning_from
                        the_Conflicts:_Taiwan’s_Stance_on_Russia-Ukraine_and
                        Israel-Palestine_Conflicts⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Russia_says_fight
                        against_Ukrainian_border_incursion_ongoing⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ HRW ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Russia:_Repressive_Laws_Used
                        to_Crush_Civic_Freedoms⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Putin
                        Accuses_Ukraine_of_a_‘Large-Scale_Provocation’_With_Its
                        Raid_in_Southwestern_Russia⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Freed
                        Russian_Prisoner_Orlov_Says_There_Is_Talk_of_More
                        Swaps⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Anti-
                        War_Russian_Pianist_Dies_in_Prison_After_Hunger
                        Strike⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ NL Times ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Ukraine_already_using
                        Dutch_F-16s_against_Russian_missile_attacks⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_Bear
                        Kills_Man_in_Russia's_Far_East,_RIA_Agency_Reports⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Prisoner_Swap_with
                        Russia_“Offers_a_Possible_Pathway”_to_Peace_in_Ukraine,
                        Says_Katrina_vanden_Heuvel⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Montenegro's
                        political_shift:_A_turn_toward_Serbia_and_Russia?⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]
                        Russians_Pay_Homage_to_Wagner_Fighters_Killed_in_Mali⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]
                        Russia's_Putin_Offers_Disaster_Aid_to_North_Korea_to
                        Help_It_Cope_With_Recent_Flooding_Damage⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Two
                        Russian_Ex-Prisoners_From_East-West_Swap_Want_to_Return
                        Home⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Foreign_Minister_Heads_to_Africa_to_Win_Support_in_War
                        Against_Russia⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]_Ukraine
                        Intensifies_Its_Long-Range_Strikes,_Sinking_a_Russian
                        Submarine_and_Striking_an_Airfield⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]
                        Ukraine's_Zelenskyy_Displays_Newly_Arrived_F-16_Fighter
                        Jets_to_Combat_Russia_in_the_Air⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-04_[Older]
                        Ukrainian_Attacks_Injure_14_in_Kherson_Region_Town,
                        Russia-Appointed_Official_Says⠀⇛


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Reframing_the_heat:_Why_'global
                  warming'_misses_the_mark_in_climate_talk⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Outrage_as_NYPD_Arrests
                  Cello-Playing_Grandfather_at_Citibank_Climate_Protest⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_What_happens_when_a_so-called
                  climate_solution_risks_your_community’s_safety?⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_The_Summer_Olympics_can’t_keep_up
                  with_rising_temperatures⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Could_Tim_Walz_Be_the_‘Climate
                  Vice_President’_We_Need?⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Age AU ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Last_summer_was_so_hot_on
                  the_Great_Barrier_Reef,_even_the_scientist_didn’t_believe
                  it⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Nevada
                  Governor_Releases_Revised_Climate_Plan_After_Lengthy_Delay⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_The_slow,_wet,_meandering
                  destruction_of_Tropical_Storm_Debby⠀⇛


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_In
                        Lula's_Brazil,_Amazon_Deforestation_Rises_for_First
                        Time_in_15_Months⠀⇛


                # § Overpopulation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Projected_Water
                        Security_of_Pakistan⠀⇛


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ 2024-08-11_[Older]_Economic_Overlords
                  Are_Destroying_Democracy_—_and_Our_Lives⠀⇛


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2024-08-08_[Older]_Man_Destroyed_a_6,000-Year-Old
                  Cave_Painting_for_a_Facebook_Photo⠀⇛


                # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ 2024-08-05_[Older]_‘Instagram_ban_could_cost
                  Turkey_$57_million_daily’⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_How_the_altruistic
                  response_to_far_right_riots_reveals_the_innate_goodness_in
                  human_beings⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Amazon_India
                  Head_Manish_Tiwary_to_Leave_Company⠀⇛


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Russia_communications_agency_blocks_access_to
                  messaging_app_Signal⠀⇛


                       Russian communications regulator Roskomnadzor told
                       local media outlet RBK on Friday that access to the
                       encrypted messaging app Signal had been blocked due
                       to legislative violations.  The regulator stated
                       that the blocking will prevent terrorism and
                       extremism. Signal is notable for its security
                       strength and encryption capabilities.


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_appeals_court_greenlights_defamation_suit
                  against_former_Special_Counsel_Robert_Mueller⠀⇛


                       A US appeals court ruled on Friday that Georgian-
                       American businessman Giorgi Rtskhiladze can proceed
                       with a defamation lawsuit against former Special
                       Counsel Robert Mueller. Mueller was appointed in
                       2017 to investigate alleged Russian interference in
                       the 2016 Presidential Election.


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ CPJ ☛ 2024-08-09_[Older]_Philippine_court_overturns_Rappler
                  shutdown_order⠀⇛


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_Cheap_child_labor_under_guise
                  of_vocational_training_in_Turkey⠀⇛


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-08-06_[Older]_Google_Monopoly
            Ruling_Could_Help_Apple_Defense_in_Antitrust_Case⠀⇛


          o § Patents⠀➾


                # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2024-08-07_[Older]_[GuestPost]The_Court_of
                  Appeal's_latest_AI_decision_begs_the_question_-_what
                  inventions_are_deserving_of_patent_protection?⠀⇛





                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4970

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/08/2024: YouTube Getting Worse,
Facebook Conspires With Copyright Industry⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 13, 2024


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Sun_God_Symbol_with_blue_sky_background⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
          o Security
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Environment
                # Energy/Transportation
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Patents
                # Trademarks
                # Copyrights
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ Unicorn Media ☛ Uptime_Institute:_Data_Center_Operators_Are
            Concerned_About_Costs⠀⇛


                 When Uptime Institute asked about costs for the first
                 time in this year's survey, it found them to be the
                 number one concern for data center operators.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Cats_Show_Signs_of_Grief_When_Fellow_Pets
                  Die…_Even_Dogs⠀⇛


                       Not so aloof after all.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_Debunked_Science_Led_to_Death_Row_for
                  One_Man⠀⇛


                       Charles Don Flores deserves a trial based on
                       evidence, not on discredited science.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Traces_of_Dinosaur_Catastrophe_Found_in
                  Genes_of_Today's_Birds⠀⇛


                       We carry our history with us.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Fungal_Outbreak_at_California_Festival
                  Sparks_Fears_of_Disease_Risk⠀⇛


                       An invisible threat.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Hundreds_of_Asteroid_Moons_Found_Lurking_in
                  The_Solar_System⠀⇛


                       Twice as many as we knew before.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Do_Plastics_Cause_Autism?_Here's_What_The
                  Latest_Evidence_Shows⠀⇛


                       The details are important.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Did_This_Ancient_Species_Really_Bury_Its
                  Dead_Before_Modern_Humans?⠀⇛


                       A new look at the jaw-dropping claims.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Scientists_Just_Found_Oceans_of_Liquid
                  Water_on_Mars_–_But_There's_a_Catch⠀⇛


                       A huge discovery on the red planet.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Older_Adults_Do_Not_Benefit_From_Moderate
                  Drinking,_Large_Study_Finds⠀⇛


                       Virtually any amount increased the risk for cancer,
                       and there were no heart benefits, the researchers
                       reported.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Olive_Oil_Could_Have_an_Unexpected_Effect
                  on_Your_Health,_Study_Finds⠀⇛


                       Think about that extra drop.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Hydrogen_Generation_With_Seawater,_Aluminum,
                  And…_Coffee?⠀⇛


                       A team at MIT led by [Professor Douglas Hart] has
                       discovered a new, potentially revelatory method for
                       the generation of hydrogen. Using seawater, pure
                       aluminum, and components from coffee grounds, the
                       team was able to generate hydrogen at a not
                       insignificant rate, getting the vast majority of
                       the theoretical yield of hydrogen from the
                       seawater/aluminum mixture. Though the process does
                       use indium and gallium, rare and expensive
                       materials, the process is so far able to recover
                       90% of the indium-gallium used which can then be
                       recycled into the next batch. Aluminum holds twice
                       as much energy as diesel, and 40x that of Li-Ion
                       batteries. So finding a way to harness that energy
                       could have a huge impact on the amount of fossil
                       fuels burned by humans!


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ The New Stack ☛ Nvidia’s_Hardware_Roadmap_and_Its_Impact_on
                  Developers [Ed: Bubble and hype, no substance to it, a gold
                  rush that won't last]⠀⇛


                       Nvidia is the biggest beneficiary of the Hey Hi
                       (AI) boom and is raking in cash from GPU sales.


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Intel_offers_Irish_employees_voluntary
                  severance_packages_up_to_€500K_—_chipmaker_provides_an
                  alternative_to_layoffs⠀⇛


                       Intel's workforce reduction efforts are underway,
                       and the chipmaker has offered a generous severance
                       package for those who volunteer to give up their
                       jobs.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Prusa_Picks_Up_The_Pace_With_New_MK4S_Printer⠀⇛


                       One of the things you’re paying for when you buy a
                       3D printer from Prusa Research is, essentially,
                       your next 3D printer. That’s because Prusa’s
                       machines are designed to be upgraded and modified
                       as time goes on. An upgrade kit is always released
                       to allow each older printer to be converted into
                       its successor, and while there’s occasionally been
                       some debate about whether or not it’s the most
                       cost-effective choice, at least it is a choice you
                       have as an owner.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Globe-Shaped_World_Clock_Is_A_3D-Printed
                  Mechanical_Marvel⠀⇛


                       Time zones are a complicated but necessary evil.
                       Humans like the numbers on the clock to vaguely
                       match up with what the sun is doing in the sky
                       outside. To that end, different places in the world
                       keep different time. If you want to keep track of
                       them in a very pretty fashion, you might consider
                       building a fancy and beautiful World Clock like
                       [Karikuri] did. 


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ AMD_records_its_highest_server_market
                  share_in_decades_—_defective_chip_maker_Intel_fights_back_in
                  client_PCs⠀⇛


                       AMD now controls near a quarter of server CPU
                       shipments, but defective chip maker Intel maintains
                       undisputed lead in both client and datacenter
                       processors.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Lime_producers_in_Michoacán_go_on
                  strike_to_protest_insecurity⠀⇛


                       Farmers are considering joining the lime packers'
                       strike, as rampant extortion continues harm their
                       operations' profitability.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ A_Microbiologist_Explains_The_Best_Way_to
                  Wash_Fruit_And_Vegetables⠀⇛


          o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ YouTube_May_Be_Cracking_Down_on_API
                  Wrapper_Apps_like_Musi_—_Here’s_What’s_Emerging⠀⇛


                       The popular iOS music streaming app Musi may be
                       fighting a losing battle against YouTube’s efforts
                       to crackdown on API abuse. In 2023, YouTube began
                       targeting apps that block ads on YouTube for its
                       free users, with pop ups asking those users to
                       disable their ad blockers.


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ AI-driven_technique_can_generate_quality
                  3D_assets_from_2D_images_'in_seconds'_—_VFusion3D_aims_to
                  transform_VR,_gaming,_and_digital_design⠀⇛


                       A new research paper by Meta and Oxford University
                       scientists outlines a powerful AI-driven technique
                       for generating scalable 3D models. Text or 2D image
                       prompts are all it needs. An online demo is
                       available.


                # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Taxonomy_of_Generative_Hey_Hi_(AI)
                  Misuse⠀⇛


          o § Security⠀➾


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Tech_regulation_requires_balancing
                        security,_privacy,_and_usability⠀⇛


                             Good policy intentions can lead to unintended
                             consequences when usability, privacy, and
                             security are not balanced—policymakers must
                             think like product designers to avoid these
                             challenges.


                      # ⚓ Reason ☛ A_'Reformist'_Legal_Expert_Calls_for_a
                        Surveillance_State⠀⇛


                             A lawyer who should know better wants to
                             ignore the history of snooping cops to fight
                             guns and crime.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ South_Korea’s_KF-21_fighter_radar_being
                  tested_by_Paramount_in_South_Africa⠀⇛


                       Testing of the KF-21 Boramae fighter radar
                       continues in South Africa, on a modified Boeing 737
                       operating out of Wonderboom National Airport. The
                       Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar is
                       among the most challenging components of the
                       indigenous KF-21 fighter jet programme.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.S._Officials_to_Visit_China_for_Economic
                  Talks_as_Trade_Tensions_Rise⠀⇛


                       The recently established U.S.-China Financial
                       Working Group is set to meet for discussions about
                       financial stability and curbing the flow of
                       fentanyl.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ The_Filipinos_Living_in_the_Shadow_of
                  China’s_Military_Might⠀⇛


                       More than 200 civilian settlers on a contested
                       island in the South China Sea find themselves on
                       the frontier of a possible conflict with China.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Kiribati’s_pro-China_government
                  faces_election_test⠀⇛


                       Pacific nation Kiribati will begin voting in a
                       general election this week, a poll that will test
                       the strengthening ties between China and the
                       government of the climate-threatened archipelago.
                       The vote on Wednesday in tiny Kiribati — a country
                       of scattered atolls and islands — has the potential
                       to stir ripples across the South Pacific.


                # ⚓ RFA ☛ New_Chinese_reconnaissance_drone_spotted_near
                  Taiwan⠀⇛


                       This drone appears to be a new version of China’s
                       BZK-005.


                # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Hasina’s_downfall_may_create_new
                  opportunities_in_Bangladesh_for_China⠀⇛


                       The ousting of Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh
                       Hasina may upset the fragile balance she
                       established between her country and India, China
                       and the United States.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Democrats_Turn_to_Their_National_Security
                  Go-To_for_Trump_Assassination_Inquiry⠀⇛


                       Representative Jason Crow of Colorado, whom
                       Democrats tapped for impeachment, investigations
                       and tough questioning of President Biden, is their
                       top member of a task force investigating the
                       shooting.


                # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ SAPS_raids_illegal_firearm_training_camp_in
                  Limpopo⠀⇛


                       In the wake of the investigation into an illegal
                       military training camp in White River, the South
                       African Police Service (SAPS) has raided a
                       suspected illegal firearm training facility in
                       Limpopo.


                # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ DA_calls_for_SAPS_to_be_held_to_account_for
                  closing_millions_of_cases_without_result⠀⇛


                       The Democratic Alliance (DA) has called for South
                       African Police Service (SAPS) leadership to be
                       called before the Portfolio Committee on Police to
                       account for millions of cases being closed without
                       result.


                # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ The_Quad_is_here_to_stay⠀⇛


                       The Quad is in good health, despite suggestions
                       that it is being overtaken by other Indo-Pacific
                       security initiatives. We saw its strength at the
                       Quad Leaders’ Summit in Tokyo in late July.


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ US_boosts_military_presence_in_Mideast_amid
                  fears_of_Iranian_attack_on_Israel⠀⇛


                       US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin has ordered a
                       guided-missile submarine and the USS Abraham
                       Lincoln aircraft carrier to deploy to the Middle
                       East amid reports that Iran is planning an attack
                       against Israel in the coming days.


                # ⚓ RFERL ☛ U.S._Says_Iran_Attack_On_Israel_Could_Come_'This
                  Week,'_Warns_Tehran_To_'Stand_Down'⠀⇛


                       The United States on August 12 said it agrees with
                       intelligence assessments that Iran and/or its
                       proxies in the Middle East could “attack Israel as
                       early as this week” and it urged Tehran to “stand
                       down” on its ongoing threats.


                # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran's_Zarif_Resigns_As_Vice_President_Just_Days
                  After_Appointment⠀⇛


                       Former Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad
                       Zarif announced on August 12 he had resigned from
                       his new position as vice president last week.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Javad_Zarif’s_Resignation_in_Iran_Signals
                  Divisions_as_President’s_Cabinet_Takes_Shape⠀⇛


                       Mohammad Javad Zarif’s resignation shocked Iran’s
                       political circles and came as President Masoud
                       Pezeshkian announced that his cabinet would include
                       several conservatives and only one woman.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Earthquake_of_magnitude_4.8_strikes
                  Jordan-Syria_region,_GFZ_reports⠀⇛


                       DAMASCUS - A 4.8 magnitude earthquake struck Jordan
                       and Syria late on Monday, according to the German
                       Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), with
                       residents across both countries and in Lebanon
                       feeling its impacts.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ 4.4-Magnitude_Earthquake_Strikes_Near_Los
                  Angeles⠀⇛


                       The quake was centered about five miles northeast
                       of downtown, according to the U.S. Geological
                       Survey. There were no initial reports of serious
                       damage.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Israeli_Strikes_on_Schools_in_Gaza_Pose_a
                  Life-or-Death_Choice_for_Civilians⠀⇛


                       Schools in Gaza have taken in tens of thousands of
                       people seeking safety. Israel, arguing that Hamas
                       uses the shelters, has struck school grounds
                       repeatedly.


                # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_police_aids_in_uncovering
                        international_fraud_scheme⠀⇛


                             The Latvian State Police, together with
                             Ukrainian law enforcement authorities, have
                             detected a fraud scheme carried out by an
                             international organized criminal group in the
                             Kharkiv region, police said in a release on
                             August 12.


                      # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvia_hopes_to_be_among_first_to_restart
                        flights_to_Ukraine⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian airspace has been closed to civil
                             aviation for two and a half years as a result
                             of Russia's invasion.


                      # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Ukrainian_comedy_film_festival_coming_soon⠀⇛


                             The indomitable spirit of Ukrainians, even in
                             the worst of circumstances, will be fully in
                             evidence later this month at the third annual
                             film-marathon of short Ukrainian comedies.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ ‘Russia_brought_war_to_others,_now_it’s
                        coming_home,’_Zelensky_warns⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said
                             on Monday that Russia must be forced to make
                             peace after Kyiv’s major cross-border assault
                             into the western Russian region of Kursk.
                             "Russia brought war to others, now it’s
                             coming home," Zelensky warned. Ukraine
                             now controls 28 Russian settlements, in its
                             largest incursion yet into Russian territory.
                             Read our liveblog to see how all the day's
                             events unfolded.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Russia_evacuates_121,000_people_from_Kursk
                        region_as_Ukraine_advances⠀⇛


                             Russia continued evacuating residents from
                             the Kursk region near the border with Ukraine
                             on Monday, with the regional governor saying
                             some 121,000 people had already left.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Ukraine_and_Russia_trade_blame_for_fire_at
                        occupied_Zaporizhzhia_nuclear_plant⠀⇛


                             Kyiv and Moscow traded blame on Sunday after
                             a fire broke out at a cooling tower of the
                             Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, under the
                             control of Russian forces. Moscow-installed
                             officials said early Monday the blaze at a
                             cooling tower had been "completely
                             extinguished".


                      # ⚓ LRT ☛ Radiation_level_in_Lithuania_unchanged_after
                        Zaporizhzhia_NPP_fire⠀⇛


                             The radiation level in Lithuania remains
                             unchanged after a fire broke out in the
                             territory of the Russian-occupied
                             Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant in Ukraine,
                             the Radiation Protection Centre reported late
                             on Sunday evening.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Fire_At_Ukrainian_Nuclear_Plant_'Completely
                        Extinguished,'_Russia_Says⠀⇛


                             A fire at the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhya
                             nuclear power plant in southern Ukraine has
                             been "completely extinguished," a Moscow-
                             installed official said on August 12.


                      # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China_calls_for_de-escalation
                        as_Ukraine_forces_take_fight_to_Russian_territory⠀⇛


                             China on Monday urged all sides in the
                             Ukraine war to de-escalate as Kyiv’s forces
                             pierced deep into Beijing ally Russia’s Kursk
                             border region. Kyiv has deployed thousands of
                             troops to the surprise operation, a Ukrainian
                             security official told AFP, seizing the
                             battlefield initiative after months of slow
                             Russian advances across the east.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia,_Facing_Ukrainian_Incursion
                        Into_Kursk,_Maintains_Pressure_in_East⠀⇛


                             Russian forces are pummeling Ukrainian
                             positions along the front lines, Ukrainian
                             military officials said, as attacks on
                             Russian soil by Ukraine continue.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_Confirms_Kursk_Incursion,_Says
                        'Russia_Must_Be_Forced_To_Make_Peace'⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian leaders, including President
                             Volodymyr Zelenskiy and military commander
                             Oleksandr Syrskiy, have spoken openly for the
                             first time about their forces' shock
                             incursion into Russia’s Kursk region, with
                             Zelenskiy saying that Moscow must be “forced
                             to make peace.”


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Everyone_knew_Ukraine_was_building_up
                        troops’:_A_dispatch_from_Kursk,_where_thousands_of
                        Russian_civilians_have_arrived_after_fleeing_Ukraine’s
                        cross-border_offensive_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘They’re_treating_us_like_we’re_idiots’:
                        Families_are_searching_for_Russian_conscripts_who
                        disappeared_during_the_Ukrainian_incursion._The_Defense
                        Ministry_insists_they_were_never_there._—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ LRT ☛ First_Lithuanian_drones_to_be_delivered_to
                        Ukraine_in_September_–_ministry⠀⇛


                             The first Lithuanian-manufactured first-
                             person view (FPV) drones are expected to be
                             delivered to Ukraine in September, according
                             to the Defence Ministry.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ U.S._Warns_Tehran_Again_Against_Sending
                        Ballistic_Missiles_To_Russia⠀⇛


                             Washington has warned Tehran of “swift and
                             severe” consequences if reports that it is
                             planning to send hundreds of ballistic
                             missiles are confirmed.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Gets_10_Years_In_Prison_For_Killing
                        War_Critic⠀⇛


                             A court in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the
                             capital of Russia's Kamchatka region in the
                             Far East, on August 12 sentenced a local man
                             to 10 years in prison for beating to death
                             another man who had criticized Russia's
                             invasion of Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Ukraine's_Deputy_Energy_Minister_Dismissed
                        Amid_Corruption_Probe⠀⇛


                             Taras Melnychuk, the Ukrainian government's
                             envoy in the Verkhovna Rada, announced on
                             August 12 that the cabinet had removed Deputy
                             Energy Minister Oleksandr Kheylo.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_Acknowledges_Kursk_Incursion,_Says
                        'Russia_Must_Be_Forced_To_Make_Peace'⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian leaders, including President
                             Volodymyr Zelenskiy and military commander
                             Oleksandr Syrskiy, have spoken openly for the
                             first time about their forces' shock
                             incursion into Russia’s Kursk region, with
                             Zelenskiy saying that Moscow must be “forced
                             to make peace.”


                      # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Russian_POWs_recount_fear,_and_horrific
                        cost,_of_battling_dug-in_Ukrainians⠀⇛


                             Two POWs’ path from induction in Russia to
                             captivity in Ukraine was paved with broken
                             promises, insufficient training, and poor
                             equipment. Having survived, they offer
                             insight into Russia’s brutal, yet effective,
                             battle plan.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russian_Border_Post_Reveals_Signs_of
                        Ukraine’s_Surprise_Attack⠀⇛


                             A week after the biggest foreign incursion
                             into Russia since World War II, The New York
                             Times visited one of the spots where
                             Ukrainian forces stormed into Russia and
                             surprised the defenders.


                      # ⚓ LRT ☛ Lithuania_moves_to_bar_Russian,_Belarusian_dual
                        citizens_from_Riflemen’s_Union⠀⇛


                             The Defence Ministry proposes that Lithuanian
                             citizens who also hold Russian or Belarusian
                             citizenship should not be allowed to join the
                             Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union (LRU).


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Leader_Of_Uzbek_Diaspora_In_Russia_Jailed_For
                        4_Years_Over_Social-Media_Post⠀⇛


                             A Moscow court on August 12 sentenced Usman
                             Baratov, a leader of the Uzbek diaspora in
                             Russia, to four years in prison on a charge
                             of inciting hatred online.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Warrant_Issued_For_Tatar_Political_Analyst_In
                        Exile⠀⇛


                             A court in Russia's Tatarstan region on
                             August 12 issued an arrest warrant for
                             political analyst Ruslan Aisin on charges of
                             violating the "foreign agent" legislation and
                             for rehabilitating Nazism.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Lukashenka_Proposes_Criminal_Liability_For
                        Violence,_Threats_Targeting_Ex-Presidents⠀⇛


                             Authoritarian ruler Alyaksandr Lukashenka,
                             who has run Belarus with an iron first for 30
                             years, has proposed amendments to the
                             country's Criminal Code that would allow
                             punishment for violence and threats against
                             current and former presidents.


                      # ⚓ LRT ☛ Lithuanian_embassy_in_Moscow_smeared_with_red
                        paint⠀⇛


                             On Monday, Lithuania’s embassy in Moscow was
                             smeared with red paint in what Vilnius is
                             treating as an apparent attack.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Tuesday_Briefing:_Putin_Lashes_Out
                        Over_Incursion⠀⇛


                             Plus, Hey Hi (AI) is helping piece together
                             an ancient epic.


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘The_main_task_is_to_drive_out_the_enemy’:
                        Putin_says_Ukraine_launched_Kursk_attack_to_slow
                        Russia’s_progress_and_improve_negotiating_position_in
                        televised_meeting_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Ukraine_touts_huge_gains_in_Kursk
                        region_as_it_takes_war_back_to_Russia⠀⇛


                             Ukraine said on Monday its biggest cross-
                             border assault of the war had captured 1,000
                             square kilometres (386 square miles) of
                             Russia's Kursk region and that Russian
                             President Vladimir Putin would have to be
                             forced into making peace.


                      # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Ukraine’s_invasion_of_Russia_is
                        erasing_Vladimir_Putin’s_last_red_lines⠀⇛


                             Ukraine's invasion of Russia has erased the
                             last of Vladimir Putin's red lines and made a
                             complete mockery of the West's frequently
                             voiced escalation fears, writes Peter
                             Dickinson.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Activist_Gets_Suspended_Sentence_For
                        Sending_$21.50_To_Navalny_Foundation⠀⇛


                             A court in the Russian city of Nizhny
                             Novgorod on August 12 handed a suspended
                             four-year prison term to activist Gleb
                             Kalinychev for sending 1,899 rubles ($21.50)
                             to late opposition leader Aleksei Navalny's
                             Anti-Corruption Foundation (FBK) in 2021-22.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ RFA ☛ Sent_to_flood-ravaged_areas,_North_Korean_soldiers
                  steal_supplies,_townspeople_say⠀⇛


                       The troops have not been supplied with food and
                       fuel, so they raid gardens and homes.


                # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ EV_battery_makers_bracing
                        themselves_for_increased_scrutiny_after_string_of_fires
                        in_South_Korea⠀⇛


                             The manufacturers are wary of being solely
                             blamed for EV fires.


                      # ⚓ LRT ☛ Vilnius_starts_removing_improperly_parked
                        scooters_and_bikes⠀⇛


                             As of Monday, improperly parked electric
                             scooters and bicycles of sharing platforms in
                             Vilnius will be forcibly removed to a storage
                             site, with offenders facing a fine of up to
                             180 euros.


                      # ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ Chain_installed_on_recumbent_trike⠀⇛


                             Have now installed the chain. Knowing nothing
                             about bicycle maintenance, watched a few
                             YouTube videos, then tackled the
                             installation...


                             Photos of recumbent trikes show the plastic
                             tubes that the chain goes through, kind of
                             unattached at the ends. However, at the
                             front, decided to secure them in place, so as
                             more accurately guide the chain onto the
                             sprocket. It would be different if there were
                             multiple sprockets on the front, but this
                             trike only has rear gears. Made a bracket and
                             mounted it: [...]


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Waiting_time_for_Hong_Kong_public
                  rental_housing_falls_to_5.5_years⠀⇛


                       The average waiting time for Hong Kong’s public
                       rental housing has dropped to 5.5 years for general
                       applicants, according to the latest government
                       figures, as authorities continued to crack down on
                       tenancy abuse.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Pakistan’s_Ex-Spy_Chief,_an_Imran_Khan
                  Ally,_Is_Arrested⠀⇛


                       The arrest of Lt. Gen. Faiz Hameed is the first
                       time a current or former head of the powerful
                       Inter-Services Intelligence agency faces court-
                       martial proceedings.


                # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Pakistan_Military_Arrests_Former_Intelligence_Chief
                  Faiz_Hameed,_Initiates_Court_Martial_Proceedings⠀⇛


                       The former chief of Pakistan's Inter-Services
                       Intelligence (ISI), the military's powerful spy
                       agency, Lieutenant-General Faiz Hameed, has been
                       arrested and had court martial proceedings
                       initiated against him.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Brands_Love_Influencers_(Until_Politics
                  Get_Involved)⠀⇛


                       Marketing firms are using artificial intelligence
                       to help analyze influencers and predict whether
                       they will opine about the election.


                # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾


                      # ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ Trump_falsely_claims_a
                        crowd_photo_from_Harris’_campaign_rally_in_Detroit_was
                        created_using_AI⠀⇛


                             Trump pushed his false claims in back-to-back
                             posts on his social control media site on
                             Sunday.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Russia_Blocks_Signal_Messaging_App_as
                  Authorities_Tighten_Control_Over_Information⠀⇛


                       Signal uses end-to-end encryption, making it
                       difficult for the Russian government to intercept
                       communications.


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Imprisoned_Kazakh_Journalist_Mukhammedkarim
                  Launches_Another_Hunger_Strike⠀⇛


                       Kazakh journalist Duman Mukhammedkarim, who was
                       sentenced to seven years in prison on August 2 for
                       financing an extremist group and participating in a
                       banned group's activities, charges he and his
                       supporters reject as politically motivated, has
                       started a new hunger strike.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ AccessNow ☛ Access_Now’s_oral_statement_at_18th_meeting_of
                  reconvened_concluding_session_of_UN_AHC_to_elaborate_a
                  comprehensive_international_convention_on_countering_the_use
                  of_ICTs_for_criminal_purposes⠀⇛


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Uber,_Facing_Sexual-Assault_Litigation,
                  Pushes_Plan_That_May_Curb_Suits⠀⇛


                       Uber has spent millions trying to get a proposal on
                       the Nevada ballot that would restrict the legal
                       fees that bankroll many lawsuits against companies.


                # ⚓ Reason ☛ At_State_Legislatures_Summit,_Groups_Lobby_for
                  Changes_to_Sex_Work_Laws⠀⇛


                       "The conversations are overwhelmingly productive
                       and positive," says a representative from
                       Decriminalize Sex Work.


                # ⚓ Reason ☛ Lawsuit_Claims_Indiana_Unconstitutionally_Seizes
                  Millions_in_Cash_From_FedEx_Packages_Every_Year⠀⇛


                       The Institute for Justice says Indianapolis police
                       and prosecutors are exploiting one of the biggest
                       FedEx hubs in the U.S. to seize cash for alleged
                       crimes they never explain.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ Jim Nielsen ☛ The_Impressionist_Blogging_Movement⠀⇛


                       I love this articulation: Hey Hi (AI) enables
                       action without thought. It comes from an_iA_article
                       about_Hey_Hi_(AI)_and_the_future_of_design
                       (emphasis mine):


                       Now, what actually is AI? The Italian philosopher
                       and technology ethicist Luciano Floridi sums it up
                       nicely. He posits that Hey Hi (AI) doesn’t replace
                       our thinking with its own thought. AI, he says,
                       doesn’t think for us. Hey Hi (AI) doesn’t think at
                       all. AI enables action without thinking. It allows
                       us to perform actions that would previously have
                       required thought.


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o § Patents⠀➾


                # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Samsung_Bioepis_destroys_Stelara_patent_monopoly
                  with_Simmons_&_Simmons [Ed: Simmons & Simmons promoted a
                  crime, the UPC, by lying about it. This publisher did the
                  same. They deserve each other.]⠀⇛


                       Samsung Bioepsis has successfully challenged
                       Janssen’s EP 3 883 606. The patent monopoly has
                       claims to the antibody ustekinumab for use in the
                       treatment of ulcerative colitis. Janssen is a
                       wholly-owned subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson.


                # ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ Fortress_entity,_Entropic,_broadcast
                  cable_patent_monopoly_found_invalid⠀⇛


                       On August 7, 2024, the Central Reexamination Unit
                       (CRU) entered a final rejection of all the
                       challenged claims of U.S._Patent_9,210,362, owned
                       and asserted by Entropic Communications, an NPE and
                       Fortress_IP subsidiary. The ’362 patent monopoly
                       generally relates to a wideband receiver that
                       outputs a selected plurality of television channels
                       to a demodulator.


                # ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ Anonymous_Media_ad_monitoring_patent
                  monopoly_challenged⠀⇛


                       On August 8, 2024, Unified Patents filed an ex
                       parte reexamination proceeding against U.S._Patent
                       8,756,622, owned by Anonymous Media Research
                       Holdings, LLC. The ‘622 patent monopoly relates
                       to media monitoring and measurement systems. The
                       patent monopoly has been asserted against Samsung
                       and Roku.


                # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ No_Sugar-Coating:_Post-AIA
                  Patent_on_Secret_Process_Barred_by_Pre-Filing_Sale_of
                  Product⠀⇛


                       Although the result could have been guessed, the
                       Federal Circuit has issued an important decision
                       interpreting the scope of post-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 —
                       and the meaning of the “claimed invention.”
                       Celanese Intl. Corp. v. Intl. Trade Comm’n,  22-
                       01827 (Fed. Cir. August 12, 2024).   In particular,
                       the court affirmed the precedent of D.L. Auld —
                       i.e., the on-sale bar continues to block patenting
                       of an otherwise secret process when the patentee
                       makes pre-filing sales of product made using that
                       process. The ITC had invalidated Celanese’
                       artificial sweetener manufacturing process patent
                       monopoly based upon these pre-filing sales. That
                       judgment was thus affirmed on appeal.


          o § Trademarks⠀➾


                # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ Precedential_No._18_(Part_I):_Fraud!_TTAB
                  Grants_Petition_to_Cancel_BLOOKE_Registration_for_Bicycles⠀⇛


                       Findings of fraud by the TTAB are rarer than a
                       White Sox fan in Boston. The last fraud ruling was
                       tossed out by the CAFC (Chutter) because Section 14
                       of the Lanham Act, which lists the bases for
                       cancellation of a registration, does not include
                       fraud committed in connection with a Section 15
                       incontestability declaration (as opposed to fraud
                       in obtaining or maintaining a registration).
                       [TTABlogged here]. In this case, the Board found
                       fraud in respondent's underlying application for
                       the mark BLOOKE for bicycles, parts, and
                       accessories, notably ruling that respondent's false
                       statements regarding use of its mark were made
                       either with the intention to deceive the USPTO or
                       with reckless disregard for the truth. Look_Cycle
                       International_v._Kunshan_Qiyue_Outdoor_Sports_Goods
                       Co.,_Ltd., Cancellation No. 92079409 (August 9,
                       2024) [precedential] (Opinion by Judge Karen S.
                       Kuhlke).


          o § Copyrights⠀➾


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ SiriusXM_Swipes_Back_At
                  SoundExchange’s_$150_Million_Unpaid_Royalties_Suit,_Urging
                  Dismissal_and_Damages_for_Counterclaims⠀⇛


                       Has SoundExchange’s unpaid royalties lawsuit
                       against SiriusXM evolved into an all-out war? The
                       satellite radio giant is hitting back at the
                       complaint and demanding, among other things,
                       damages for counterclaims. SiriusXM submitted its
                       answer and counterclaims today, approximately one
                       year after SoundExchange sued for north of $150
                       million in allegedly owed royalties.


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Universal_Music_Group_Inks_‘Expanded
                  Global_Agreement’_With_Meta,_Including_WhatsApp_Licensing_and
                  Efforts_to_Address_‘Unauthorized_AI-Generated_Content’⠀⇛


                       Universal Music Group (UMG) has inked an “expanded
                       global agreement” – including a framework for
                       addressing “unauthorized AI-generated content” –
                       with Facebook (Farcebook) and Instagram parent
                       Meta. The renewed pact’s formal announcement
                       arrived this morning, weeks after the major label
                       shed light on adjustments to its relationship with
                       Meta.


                # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Universal_Music_Group,_Meta_expand_license
                  agreement_covering_AI,_music_revenue_and_more⠀⇛


                       Universal Music Group and Facebook (Farcebook)
                       parent company Meta Platforms Inc. signed an
                       expanded, global multiyear agreement today that’s
                       intended to bring more opportunities for
                       monetization to UMG artists and songwriters across
                       Meta’s social control media platforms.




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