𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Saturday, January 04, 2025 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Sun 5 Jan 02:49:23 GMT 2025 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2025/01/04/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmbHjgPAAcGNUG9Sej4vSKhK8DfUYokfFkXLdKwr1JtGJG QmdLsuRLzrwb58dZaSmJah6oCmNNZ6cW4ick4chqJmHjmY QmTNR3uqcbMYjPAbbHjBqyNJb3ib8kytQvdFnATzkBFVvo QmfCHrqMLfMsHXYnQeAvVuNYt91Zw2AmMJ5mx4RqsrWy3b QmR2rr1yXDANjQBEz2oGtd2UMgy9U37FHdjpUhPfAk7h5z QmWE6ucdKk9Q1pi6ce3ko9xPWd9Y4BjpLij3W7tJ5TMjG3 QmaoEDiALTYYZdaq3SQ86aQpMwUji1nqCeLbXAoszFRYvJ QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s QmXZcp3rXLYa24pYd7jUu6sPDrhziRCNCok875WLJTLysP QmUE7nd24kx2soZFbSYKDsb1ik1wpirFTRTBhDTj6w9sjh QmdKeWBhfnjgQLYU48wto7DdStpXsB5mE1yEEnWcxQ53vu QmfSnnTnjcAe3YvtRsVgAwUJfpcEk1dM5J5yjJLyv7MxqM QmQ16CkpxBbMzPZ6wZcuKBUcxH1RZ8uAEhcvdBsPRpVZe9 QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X Qmdqd6mb8mj27qVvQZRR7sjshrXYYirWm9vRttLkNB5rW6 QmSjY85vxbu9nNFHUMmuK7CxRame2VYuhb523CJaK5zRkj QmZwah9nZHVvSzbJWEAMxumYDpanFPqTahnqoNP83tuZbx QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe QmcgTTyseF5zFd4MLquM4PtJZzkFcBEqaUbqDe4eaUx6Na QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Techrights - Free Software Foundation (FSF) Almost 85% Funded ⦿ Techrights - IRC Proceedings: Friday, January 03, 2025 ⦿ Techrights - [Meme] Swallow Microsoft GitHub ⦿ Techrights - More Bot-Generated Fake 'Articles' About the "Linux" ⦿ Techrights - Over at Tux Machines... ⦿ Techrights - Phoronix in Past Years: X is Dead. Phoronix Days Ago: Oh, Never Mind. ⦿ Techrights - Sometimes Less Publicity is Better (Than Bad Publicity) ⦿ Techrights - Today's "Latest Technology News" is Marketing SPAM Authored by a Bot ⦿ Techrights - What Would Dennis Ritchie Say About the "Memory-Safe" Hype (or Cargo Cult)? ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Almost_85_Funded.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_January_03_2025.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Meme_Swallow_Microsoft_GitHub.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/More_Bot_Generated_Fake_Articles_About_the_Linux.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Phoronix_in_Past_Years_X_is_Dead_Phoronix_Days_Ago_Oh_Never_Min.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Sometimes_Less_Publicity_is_Better_Than_Bad_Publicity.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Today_s_Latest_Technology_News_is_Marketing_SPAM_Authored_by_a_.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/What_Would_Dennis_Ritchie_Say_About_the_Memory_Safe_Hype_or_Car.shtml ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Gemini_Links_04_01_2025_Geminispace_Contributions_and_Security_.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Gemini_Links_04_01_2025_Snow_and_Attacks.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Links_04_01_2025_Demolition_of_IBM_Building_Its_Birthplace_Micr.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Links_04_01_2025_Glastonbury_Misinformation_Arrestgate_in_South.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Links_04_01_2025_Social_Control_Media_Deemed_Very_Unhealthy_Nic.shtml ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 75 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Almost_85_Funded.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Almost_85_Funded.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Free Software Foundation (FSF) Almost 85% Funded⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 Probably 85% by Sunday or Monday 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇FSF_goal_of_$400,000_USD_by_Jan_17.⦈_ JUST before the weekend the FSF said: "Help us in this last stretch of our fundraiser" The blog post mentioned "sponsoring the GNU System and Savannah", among other things: It goes without saying that this is all happening on top of the core work that the FSF does to support the free software community, such as: sponsoring the GNU System and Savannah, an important source code repository and resource for free software development; fiscally sponsoring other important free software development with the FSF's Working Together for Free Software Fund; maintaining and defending the Free Software Definition; educating about free software licensing; and providing free software development support including email, shell access, and mailing lists. No money will be spent renting_an_office_this_time. They exited their physical office several months ago. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣭⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣖⣤⢤⣴⡄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢰⣤⡄⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 134 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_January_03_2025.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_January_03_2025.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Friday, January 03, 2025⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Old_wire_and_equipment_in_rural_Victoria_Australia⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #techrights_log #boycottnovell_log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log #techbytes_log =============================================================================== The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights contain all the text. Enter_the_IRC_channels_now ⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠖⢻⣾⠆⡀⠀⢌⠉⠀⠈⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⡇⠃⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠠⢠⣶⡖⠃⠀⠀⠀⠽⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠚⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠐⣇⠀⠈⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠐⡀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⡀⣵⠁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡟⢻⠇⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡆⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣀⣼⡟⠁⢨⣵⣬⡙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡂⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠐⣾⢤⣤⢿⣿⣅⣼⡀⣮⣇⢻⡾⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠁⠀⡀⠉⢙⡀⠀⠒⢴⣤⣮⡝⠿⠿⠃⠀⡀⣉⣡⣤⣴⣶⣄⡀⠀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡇⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠍⠀⣴⣴⣿⡿⡑⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⠛⠋⠁⠀⠤⠀⠈⠁⠀⣲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣆ ⠀⠀⠤⢆⡔⠆⡧⠜⠁⠁⠙⣠⣠⡴⣀⠙⣶⡙⣉⣺⣿⣿⣿⡻⢿⠆⣻⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠫⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⡷⢯⡀⣁⠽⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣉⠅⣀⢀⣀⠨⠃⠿⡶⠦⡄⠀⡀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠸⣙ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⣄⡀⢀⡀⠘⣿⠂⠀⢳⣶⣦⠌⣙⠛⣽⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣥⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⠁⣼⣿⣿⣷⡿⠃⠁⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠻⣳⣧⢰⣻⠁⠙⠯⠀⢻⣷⣀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣸⠥ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣐⣺⠟⢠⣦⣵⣤⣿⣻⣷⣸⣿⣽⣷⡕⢷⡎⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣸⣿⣿⣷⡟⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⡚⢷⠐⣉⢀⢐⣦⣦⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⢀⣤⠠⢛⠳⠝⠛⠀⠂⢭⣯⣿⡻⢛⣉⡤⠌⢈⣙⠛⣈⠳⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠹⢿ ⣰⣶⣾⡿⠉⠀⠀⢠⣶⡰⠶⢂⣲⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣥⣄⣀⣭⣈⡉⠛⠻⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⡟⠀⢀⣠⣶⣼⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠊⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣮⠻⣄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣷⣆ ⠀⠔⠠⠀⠃⢐⠀⢉⢭⢡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠝⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣖⢇⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣦⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣶⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡻⠻⠋⡭⠭⠭⠉⠉⠉⣩⣽⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⢤⣄⡴⣶⡀⢛⡐⠋⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠯⠟⠾⣟⡿⠘⠙⢿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡆⠈⣈⣭⣝⣛⣛⠛⠻⠿⣽⠶⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⢻⠌⠽⢳⠐⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠏⠒⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠵⠀⠉⠉⠓⠀⠄⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠁⠀⢂⠰⠾⠛⣰⡿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠑⠒⠠⠄⣰⠞⡵⢺⢟⡻⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⠟ ⣠⣴⣶⣿⠂⠀⢀⡀⠠⠤⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠠⡤⠾⢫⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠀⠘⠁⠀⠿⠀⠀⢶⣅⠬⠀⣀⠉⠀ ⣿⣿⢻⣿⣷⣿⡾⣥⡦⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠘⢒⠿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠟⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴ ⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠡⠤⠄⢀⣀⣴⣾⢷⠀⠀⠂⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠪⠀⠴⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣴⣴⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠏⠃⠀⠈⠁⠀⠇ ⣤⣤⣠⣤⣠⣤⣦⡀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣐⣵⣾⡿⠿⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠟⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⡿⠻⠿⠛⠉⠁⠁⢙⠻⢏⣰⣾⣽⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⡄⢀⣀⡄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣀⡀⡸⠶⣤⣤⣄⣀ ⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣾⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣌⣿⣿⣏⣋⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣔⣲⣦⣤⣶⣄⣠⣀⣠⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣤⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣭⣭⣤⣭⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 363 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Meme_Swallow_Microsoft_GitHub.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Meme_Swallow_Microsoft_GitHub.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ [Meme] Swallow Microsoft GitHub⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 Context: What_Would_Dennis_Ritchie_Say_About_the_"Memory-Safe"_Hype_(or_Cargo Cult)? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Memory_safety_is_getting_all_libraries_or_crates_from Microsoft_GitHub,_whose_CSO_is_the_NSA⦈_ Rust has outsourced almost everything (not just code but also communications and beyond) to proprietary platforms, mostly Microsoft's. They say they value security, but Rust itself (not programs built with Rust) routinely has security flaws; some are severe. We need to abandon (or turn down the volume on) that annoying preaching of Microsoft_GitHub fans (typically people who conflate Git with a user/Web interface and cannot distinguish between E-mail and Web pages sent as 'E-mail' because Git_workflows_are_"hard"). They're insincere. Many of them are looking to justify ignorance, or folks who try to tell us that "security" means taking all our code from the foremost partner of the NSA (also remember security at Microsoft GitHub is managed by a 20-year NSA veteran, i.e. a back doors person). The same notorious agencies [1, 2, 3, 4] that demand back doors in everything (a.k.a. "responsible" encryption*) tell us to adopt Rust; how's that for a badge of endorsement? It seems more like a supply chain attack with Microsoft/ NSA_in_the_middle. █ _______ * It means encryption that does not actually work. It means crackable encryption or 'encryption' with scare quotes. ⣶⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠛⢿⡟⠉⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡅⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⢿⣿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣇⠀⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⢿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣉⡉⠙⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⢠⣤⠈⣽⠟⠋⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢁⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⠏⠞⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⡈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠈⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣬⣷⣄⢹⢙⡿⡻⢿⢿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠙⠻⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣸⡟⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣍⢽⠟⡿⡷⡾⣯⣦⣌⣦⡌⡎⣻⣿⣷⣦⡈⠻⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣍⡿⣿⢯⣮⣤⣷⣱⣉⠹⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠈⢻⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣷⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣀⣄⡔⠁⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣼⣷⣌⡺⢉⡙⢿⢿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⢹⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣝⣷⣬⣽⡿⠿⠟⠉⠁⠋⠉⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢭⣹⢛⢻⢿⣿⣾⣾⣖⣾⣺⠫⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣦⡀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡱⠱⣹⠿⢿⣷⣾⣥⣜⣹⢇⢻⡛⠿⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⠟⠉⠀⠈⠓⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠛⠛⢿⣿⣷⣬⣷⣙⡇⢯⡛⣉⣿⡛⣿⣿⣦⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣄⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣵⣄⣹⡚⢹⣏⣝⢛⢿⢿⣼⣇⣻⡜⢆⢣⡛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠈⠙⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢫⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⠈⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣯⣘⣾⣙⣻⣟⠿⣿⣶⣽⣦⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣽⣿⡷⢘⣾⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣳⣤⣤⡼⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣼⣦⣀⡿⡜⡎⡽⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⣠⠸⣶⣦⣠⣄⣻⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣵⣼⠿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣏⠙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠉⠉⢉⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠉⠻⠿⢿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢟⣽⣦⡀⠠⠶⠾⠿⠛⠋⠉⢳⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠷⢦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡾⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣦⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⠁⠀⢀⣤⣾⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠏⢠⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠘⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠏⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠀⠈⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣍⡻⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣦⣤⣀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠁⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠻⠿⣿⡿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢣⣼⣷⣾⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣻⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⣀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⠟⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠉⠁⣙⣻⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣶⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⣆⡰⣾⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠶⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡅ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠢⣄⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 454 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/More_Bot_Generated_Fake_Articles_About_the_Linux.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/More_Bot_Generated_Fake_Articles_About_the_Linux.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ More Bot-Generated Fake 'Articles' About the "Linux"⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025, updated Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_futuristic_Atomium_building_in_Brussels,_Belgium,_a scaled_model.⦈_ People who probably don't even use or understand Linux are writing nothing but pasting a lot about 'the' "Linux" From one of the "prime suspects" (or serial sloppers): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Arm's_Recent_Linux_Kernel_Patches_Integrate_Morello_Support ⦈_ Fake: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_third_installment_of_Arm's_Linux_kernel_patches integrates_support_for_Morello,_an_experimental_extension_of_Arm_architecture infused_with_capability-based_security_features_from_CHERI.⦈_ And another one on the same day (not Day): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Securing_Linux_Environments_in_AWS:_Best_Practices_and Common_Pitfalls⦈_ Apparently the same: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Organizations_prefer_Linux_because_it's_more_stable_and secure_than_nearly_all_operating_systems._This_OS_is_an_excellent_solution_for managing_databases,_hosting_websites,_and_game_servers.⦈_ OK, so twice on the same day and 100% of the time it seems like linuxsecurity.com published fake 'articles' about Linux, from two so-called 'authors' (apparently pasting garbage from a chatbot is "authorship" now). We need to call them out on it, otherwise they'll carry on and things will get worse for the Web, not just for Linux. █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡿⠀⠚⣿⣿⠧⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⣿⣿⡟⠀⢸⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢹⣿⣯⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣍⣿⣯⣸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣷⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠋⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠻⣿⡿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢀⣀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⣀⣄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣀⣾⡿⢋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡿⠋⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠰⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢹⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠻⣿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⢿⣷⣶⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡞⠻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠙⠉⠉⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⠻⢿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⣟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⣀⣴⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣾⣦⡀⠀⠙⢿⣿⡿⠟⣛⣭⣴⠾⢋⣤⣄⡀⠀⢹⣿⣄⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣇⣀⠀⢰⣿⣷⣆⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⢀⠀⠙⠿⣿⡿⠛⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢀⣴⣿⠟⠁⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣴⣾⣿⣷⣦⡀⠈⠳⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢁⣴⣶⣤⡉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⡿⠟⣩⣴⣶⣄⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣸⣿⡿⠋⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⡿⠟⠛⣿⡟⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⣠⣶⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢋⣡⣴⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⢋⣴⣶⣬⣙⡛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⠟⠁⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⣋⣡⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⣾⣿⠇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣈⠙⠛⠿⢿⣷⣄⡈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢁⣴⣶⡿⠟⢋⣉⠀⠰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢻⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣈⠉⢳⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠌⢁⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠈⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠈⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⡇⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢷⣼⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠠⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢉⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⡿⠋⠉⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣷⣄⠀⠉⠻⣿⣧⣀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿⠈⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⢠⣴⣾⡆⠈⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢡⣿⣶⣤⣤⢴⣾⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⠀⢰⣦⣄⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡣⣶⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠸⣿⣿⣷⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠇⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⡷⣖⡀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⠎⣸⣿⣿⡏⠸⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣶⣤⡈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣎⣠⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⢸⣿⡿⠀⠿⠿⠿⠀⠸⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠷⠦⠙⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣧⡜⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⡜⠉⣸⣿⣿⠃⠀⢸⡟⠘⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡃⠈⢿⣿⡿ ⠀⢰⠃⢸⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡇⢀⡄⠻⡷ ⢠⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣼⠇⠀⠀ ⡞⢠⣾⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⢀⣿⣿⣷⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣟⠀⢠⠀ ⣠⠟⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣥⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡀⢸⡆ ⣯⣰⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣧⠎⠀ ⠉⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⣶⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣉⡀⠀⢀⣀⣠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡀⠀ ⢿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣧⠀ ⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡄ ⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡧ ⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⠄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠟⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⢻⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⢹⣿⣬⣴⣮⣥⣕⣠⣽⣧⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡻⣿⣿⢻⢻⠿⡿⣿⢿⢿⠿⡿⣿⡟⣿⡟⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⠻⣻⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢻⡟⡟⡿⢿⢿⡿⢿⢻⢿⠿⡿⣿⣿⢻⠿⣿⢿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⡿⡟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⣧⣿⣼⣼⣼⣧⣮⣿⣼⣴⣼⣧⣿⣼⣽⣼⣤⣿⣧⣿⣧⣧⣧⣧⣧⣷⣼⣿⣴⣼⣼⣽⣼⣧⣧⣼⣿⣼⣧⣾⣯⣦⣾⣮⣿⣼⣴⣼⣷⣼⣿⣼⣼⣼⣽⣼⣧⣝⣧⣯⣦⣧⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢿⢹⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢹⢹⣿⣿⡿⢽⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣼⣬⣮⣼⣮⣿⣼⣴⣭⣾⣯⣽⣬⣼⣨⣼⣨⣶⣭⣦⣽⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⡂⠉⣹⣿⣏⣉⣋⣙⣿⣟⣏⣙⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣞⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⠂⠂⠀⠒⣀⣭⣭⡏⢁⣤⣤⡈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣡⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠄⣘⣓⣿⣿⡆⢰⣿⣽⣿⡀⢿⣏⢝⠿⣿⡫⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢿⠿⣿⡿⣷⡿⡷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡰⣿⣿⣷⠏⡿⣿⠠⠿⠛⠋⠉⠉⢻⣷⡯⣿⣿⣑⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣀⣾⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠟⠛⠛⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠲⠔⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣠⢱⡶⠠⠴⠐⠴⠢⢤⣶⠤⠴⠰⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⢶⠖⢀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠠⢀⠀⠈⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⡄⠈⠉⡉⠈⡙⠂⠌⣉⠁⠰⡤⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠀⠀⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠂⠄⡀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠂⠁⠀⢀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠅⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠐⠀⠄⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠁⠀⢐⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣭⠿⠿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠐⠠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠂⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠒⠄⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⡒⠀⠀⠂⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠳⡤⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠤⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⢀⣀⠠⠴⠂⠈⠀⠒⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣦⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣮⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣭⣼⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠴⠀⣿⠀⠠⡀⢸⡇⢐⣢⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣏⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣟⣟⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣟⣟⣿⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣟⣟⣿⣟⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣷⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣯⣯⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣽⣿⣫⣿⣹⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣯⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⢻⣟⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⠛⣿⣿⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠰⠈⢿⠀⣿⣿⠀⣿⡧⢘⠋⠍⢋⠀⡙⠩⠉⠟⢉⣉⡁⢈⠋⣉⠙⠉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣶⣦⣘⣀⣿⣿⣀⣉⣡⣾⣄⣉⣽⣄⣡⣈⣉⣧⣈⣉⣧⣨⣄⣉⣤⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⡎⢉⡩⠉⢩⠉⢹⢽⠅⠇⠡ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⡏⢩⠉⠉⢹⠉⡍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠝⠉⢹⢋⠋⠉⡍⠉⢹⠹⠉⠉⠉⠩⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡏⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠉⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠍⠉⠏⠩⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠟⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⢿⠿⠟⡿⠻⠿⠿⢷⠿⠿⠟⠻⠛⠿⠿⠻⡿⠿⢷⠒⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠷⠓⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣬⣮⣧⣤⣤⣦⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣬⣤⣧⣦⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣥⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⣉⡉⣉⣉⣈⣀⣀⠉⣃⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣸⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣀⠉⣽⣈⣉⣁⣙⣉⣉⣉⣹⣈⣉⣉⣉⣇⣒⣨⣀⣤⣀⣀⣻⣌⣀⣈⣉⣁⣏⣈⣉⣉⣉⣇⣈⣀⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣀⣉⣹⣙⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⡛⢻⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⢻⡛⠛⡟⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⢿⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⡟⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡷⣶⣶⢷⣶⡶⣶⣷⣿⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⡶⢶⢶⣷⠶⢶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⡴⠶⣶⣶⣶⡶⣶⣶⠷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⢶⣾⣶⣶⣶⡾⢶⣶⣶⠶⢶⣶⣮⢼⠧⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⣀⣔⣰⣀⣀⡀⣘⣀⣀⣸⣀⣀⡇⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣦⣂⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣅⣀⣀⣀⣆⣀⣀⣀⣀⣇⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀⢀⣌⣀⣐⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⠛⠛⡛⠙⠛⠛⢛⠛⡏⠛⠛⠛⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠆⠉⢩⠉⠉⡍⠀⢉⢿⠉⠉⠁⠉⠈⠉⠉⢩⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⡏⠉⢹⡇⢈⠉⠉⠈⠉⢱⠀⠉⠉⠉⡍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⢩⠈⠉⣭⠀⠉⢉⠇⠈⡍⠉⡇⠀⠈⠉⡉⠁⠈⢹⠀⠈⠉⠁⠉⢩⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⡛⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠾⠿⠾⠿⢻⠛⠛⠿⠛⠻⠿⠻⠿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⢿⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠷⠿⠟⠿⡟⠿⠟⡿⠿⡿⠿⠻⠿⠟⠛⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠛⠻⠿⠷⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣧⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣷⣶⣾⣧⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⡀⣊⣂⣀⣀⣈⣀⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣊⣀⣀⣀⣇⣀⣀⣇⣈⣊⣂⣂⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣅⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣃⣀⣀⣀⣀⣇⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⡍⠹⠉⣭⠉⡋⡙⢻⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠛⢻⠙⠋⠛⢻⠛⠛⢿⠛⠉⠙⠛⠋⠙⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠛⠻⠛⠛⠋⠙⠉⠛⠛⠙⡟⠛⠻⣯⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⢻⢛⠛⠛⠛⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⡶⢾⣶⢷⠾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⠴⣶⣶⣾⢶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⢶⣶⣶⢷⣶⣶⣷⢾⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣿⣶⢾⣶⡷⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⡶⢾⣶⠶⡶⣶⣶⠶⣶⣶⡶⠾⠶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣠⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣼⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⠉⠩⠉⠉⠉⠩⢻⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⡏⡙⠉⡏⠉⠉⠉⡏⠉⠩⠉⠉⠉⢹⠉⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠿⡋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡋⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⢙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠟⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⢿⠾⠿⠻⠿⠛⠿⠿⠛⠻⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠗⠻⢿⠲⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠻⢿⡟⡿⠿⠚⠿⡟⠷⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠾⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠻⡿⠿⢻⠻⠿⠿⠿⡟⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣼⣬⣦⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣬⣧⣥⣤⣼⣤⣧⣤⣤⣴⣤⣧⣬⣮⣴⣥⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣼⣤⣬⣦⣴⣧⣤⣤⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡏⣉⣉⣈⣁⣹⣙⡉⣉⣈⣁⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣁⣁⣇⣉⡉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣇⣨⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣀⠉⣍⣉⣸⣀⣀⣉⣉⣁⣈⣋⣏⣉⣉⣁⣇⣉⣉⣉⣝⣉⣁⣉⠉⣁⣈⡉⠉⣇⣈⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⢛⢿⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⡿⠛⠛⢛⠟⠛⠛⡛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⡶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣧⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣥⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢄⠔⠀⡂⣸⠂⢦⠔⠠⠂⡀⠤⠂⢶⠀⢢⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣒⣸⣙⣉⣉⣋⣹⣇⣉⣋⣿⣿⣈⣘⣹⣈⣈⣻⣽⣻⣙⣉⣋⣉⣿⣿⠏⢀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢐⠯⢹⠈⠋⢹⢽⡷⢸⠀⡁⢸⠇⠎⡀⠑⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡛⡐⣽⣿⠹⣻⡻⢟⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⣿⢻⣿⢽⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡟⢿⡿⠿⡿⣿⡯⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⢽⢿⢿⣿⣟⢿⢻⡛⣿⠻⣻⢿⡟⠿⣻⡿⡿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣧⣧⣿⣼⣿⣼⣼⣼⣧⣧⣧⣫⣼⣿⣼⣿⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣵⣽⣧⣽⣥⣧⣿⣼⣧⣧⣿⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣼⣧⣧⣧⣯⣦⣿⣼⣼⣼⣿⣾⣼⣧⣧⣾⣽⣼⣽⣧⣿⣴⣽⣷⣼⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠟⢿⠿⡿⣿⢿⢻⢽⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡏⣿⢟⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⢻⢻⢽⢻⢫⣿⢿⢹⢹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣼⣯⣧⣮⣿⣼⣼⣼⣵⣽⣷⣾⣯⣦⣧⣧⣧⣧⣿⣮⣿⣮⣷⣧⣧⣧⣧⣧⣧⣾⣵⣼⣼⣿⣼⣿⣼⣼⣼⣥⣼⣼⣼⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠒⠁⢿⣿⣛⠿⠻⢿⣻⡻⢻⠛⢿⣻⡛⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⡿⢿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣪⣥⢽⡟⠀⣿⢿⣷⡆⢻⣿⡻⣿⣿⣽⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⡛⣿⣻⣻⡛⣓⣻⣻⣟⣻⣻⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⡴⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡀⢻⣿⣿⠿⠜⠻⣷⣗⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣋⣹⣿⣿⣣⣾⣿⣋⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣻⣿⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣩⣭⣭⠉⢛⣽⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠀⠠⣄⣀⠀⢀⣀⢀⣀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠐⠲⠶⢤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣯⣭⣴⣶⡾⠾⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠖⠸⠇⠈⠈⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠿⠿⠟⠟⠒⠒⠒⠺⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠀⡇⠐⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠘⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠄⢠⡁⢰⠀⡇⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⣸⣿⠟⠚⠓⠚⢦⡆⠀⠀⡇⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣵⣷⣿⠁⣠⣶⣷⣦⡀⢹⣦⡀⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⠲⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⣼⢽⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣯⣿⣿⣿⣎⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⡃⠀⠨⢭⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠄⠠⠀⠀⣽⢸⡏⠀⠀⠀⢀⡃⠀⠂⡇⠙⣿⡿⢯⠀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⢥⡾⣿⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠄⢸⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⡇⠀⠂⠀⣿⡇⢺⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⠷⠄⠀⣀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠁⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢀⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡅⠀⠀⠀⡂⢸⠀⡅⠸⠀⣇⣀⣀⣀⣈⣁⣈⣀⣁⣀⣿⡏⢹⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠁⠸⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⡟⠿⠀⡯⢸⠂⡇⢸⠀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⠄⡄⠅⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠃⠀⠀⠆⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⢸⠀⡇⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠤⡀⡀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢸⠀⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⠤⠄⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠛⠿⠿⣿⡓⠶⢤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣟⣛⣋⣤⣤⣞⣋⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣙⣳⣖⣒⣂⣽⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡀⠀⣿⠀⢄⠄⢸⡇⢀⣀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠃⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠈⠈⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣯⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣯⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠄⢹⡇⣿⣿⠀⣷⠄⠟⠉⠉⠀⡙⠉⠙⠋⣉⡁⢈⢋⣉⢻⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣶⣤⣧⣿⣿⣤⣭⣴⣧⣉⣼⣤⣥⣌⣭⣤⣉⣧⣬⣤⣁⣼⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣮⣦⣥⣤⣤⣬⣽⣤⡵⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡉⠛⡏⠉⠟⡛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣒⠉⠁⡉⠉⢽⡷⢸⠀⡰⡹⠰⡄⡁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⠛⡿⠿⠿⠿⣟⡻⠿⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⡿⡛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠟⠻⠿⣟⢻⢛⠿⠿⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣼⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣽⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣦⣶⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 788 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Grumman_G-164_Ag-Cat_at_Avalon_Airport,_Lara,_Australia⦈_ ⚓ Updated This Past Day⠀⇛ 1. ⚓ For_This_New_Year,_2025,_We_Need_More_Writers_Out_There [original]⠀⇛ It's a New Year and it's good to mention the writers ⚓ New⠀⇛ 2. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ many from idroot 3. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛ These 5 lesser-known settings keep me firmly on team Android 4. ⚓ Arch-Based_Distros_Dominate_the_Linux_Gaming_Scene⠀⇛ Valve's latest Steam survey highlights Arch's popularity among Linux gamers 5. ⚓ LibreOffice_25.2_RC1_is_available_for_testing⠀⇛ LibreOffice 25.2 will be released as final at the beginning of February, 2025 6. ⚓ 3_reasons_Linux_is_the_best_alternative_to_Windows_for_gamers⠀⇛ Gaming on Linux has taken off in a big way over the last decade 7. ⚓ PCLinuxOS_Magazine_and_More⠀⇛ leftovers with focus on PCLinuxOS Magazine 8. ⚓ Caddy_2.9_Web_&_Reverse_Proxy_Server_Released⠀⇛ Caddy 2.9 web and reverse proxy server rolls out with refined config loading 9. ⚓ Fossify_File_Manager:_Open_Source_Replacement_to_Files_by_Google_on Android⠀⇛ Ready to simplify file management on Android without using Google's app or your manufacturer? Try this 10. ⚓ Games:_Stardew_Valley,_Humble_Bundle,_and_More⠀⇛ Latest 9 from GamingOnLinux 11. ⚓ GNOME_vs._KDE_Plasma:_Top_Linux_Desktops_Compared⠀⇛ While GNOME and KDE Plasma stand as Linux's most popular desktop environments (DEs), they couldn't be more different 12. ⚓ Free_and_Open_Source_Software⠀⇛ This is free and open source software 13. ⚓ Stable_kernels:_Linux_6.12.8,_Linux_6.6.69,_and_Linux_6.1.123⠀⇛ All users of the 6.12 kernel series must upgrade 14. ⚓ 5_lightweight_Linux_distributions_with_very_low_system_requirements⠀⇛ If you have an aging computer and want to give it new life, there are plenty of lightweight Linux distributions that will serve you for years to come 15. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛ Some of the latest articles ========================================================================= The corresponding text-only bulletin for Friday contains all the text. Top-read articles (excluding bot/crawler visits): Span from 2024-12-28 to 2025-01-03 2089 /n/2024/12/26/ Logseq_privacy_first_platform_for_knowledge_management_and_coll.shtml ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢡⢩⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢨⣬⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠘⣿⡀⡐⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⢆⡇⣛⡃⢷⠸⣷⣮⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⡄⢀⡀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠰⠶⢶⣶⠒⡂⠒⠂⠀⠉⠉⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠉⠉⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢁⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠃⢸⢀⣿⣷⣯⣟⠟⣛⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡿⢿⡠⡸⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠐⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠀⢰⠆⣴⣶⣶⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⢠⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠂⢹⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢁⣸⣭⠆⠀⢐⢏⣥⢬⠿⠘⠀⠛⠿⣷⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠁⡜⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠈⢸⠈⣸⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢟⣫⣵⣶⣦⣘⣻⣿⣾⣿⡿⠁⠀⣠⡾⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠘⢿⣿⣿⠏⡉⢵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢂⠀⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⡄⣤⠀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣴⡆⠀⢰⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠋⠀⣴⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣌⣻⣿⣿⡟⠈⡌⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠁⠁⠉⠀⠁⠉⠙⠛⠋⠛⠯⠤⠤⣼⣆⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠐⠸⠃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠆⠐⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠐⠂⠐⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣈⣍⠁⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠉⠛⠓⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⠿⠉⠅⠙⠄⠯⠽⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠇⠀⠨⠿⠿⠿⠁⠀⠿⠷⠾⠿⠿⠿⠯⠽⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠡⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠦⠀⠀⠠⠄⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠁⣉⣭⣉⣭⣭⣍⣉⣉⣩⣭⣽⣭⣯⣭⣭⡉⠉⣉⠁⣽⣉⣀⡁⣁⣈⡈⣉⣄⢀⣘⣈⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣙⣙⣛⣟⢏⣩⣫⣭⣭⡉⢉⣹⣉⣍⣩⣉⢁⠉⢉⣉⢉⣩⣟⣁⢉⡉⣉⢉⡉⠁⠉⢉⣉⠉⣉⡗⣀⢈⣉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 950 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Phoronix_in_Past_Years_X_is_Dead_Phoronix_Days_Ago_Oh_Never_Min.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Phoronix_in_Past_Years_X_is_Dead_Phoronix_Days_Ago_Oh_Never_Min.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Phoronix in Past Years: X is Dead. Phoronix Days Ago: Oh, Never Mind.⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025, updated Jan 04, 2025 Weeks ago Microbell/Microbel (Larabel) was still giving the opposite impression; he was talking down X.org/X11 - the usual FUD [1, 2] 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_don't_want_wayland;_here,_xwayland;_wait,_this_is_x;_yes, wayland_was_never_ready⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇X.Org_Server_Development_Hit_A_Decade_High_For_The_Number_Of Commits_In_2024⦈_ Wayland may or may_not_work_for_many_people, but it's not mature enough, it's not compatible with many applications (or vice versa), and even_accessibility is_broken. It's highly dependent on one_company that divests_and_fires_many people. For almost every GNU/Linux (or UNIX/BSD) user X.org/X11 generally works. My main laptop uses X and has run X since 455 days ago. The secondary laptop has now been up for 387 days - something that would be hard with Wayland. The wife's laptop last started X (reboot) 315 days ago. Wayland takes away reliability and users are treated like fertile testing ground, not people who need to get work done reliably. Wayland is a lot of hype. Sure, it might enhance security a bit (the really severe issues aren't in that stack though and Wayland has bugs too; the code is relatively young) and introduce some new features, but to the mythical "average user" it means nothing and adds almost nothing. Wayland is not much of a "selling point" for a distro in 2025. Wayland by default is a warning label. Distros that adopt Wayland typically adopt it along with X, as the only way to get Wayland to work is by keeping in tact the "old" X code. Welcome, Windows ME. █ ⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⡒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣿⣿⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⡄⢲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡧⢲⠈⡔⢢⠐⡦⢆⡖⣦⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⢸⠀⡏⢩⠀⡇⠸⡏⣩⢘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢱⠙⠿⠿⠿⠟⡍⡛⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣬⣤⣭⣥⣬⡥⠦⣭⣥⣨⣠⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡎⢹⢸⢹⢠⠋⡇⠀⡗⣼⢰⢰⢠⠠⠤⡉⡭⡅⢼⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡛⢛⢛⠛⡛⣛⢛⣛⠛⡛⢛⠀⡇⢙⣛⠛⣛⣛⠛⣋⣸⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣑⣚⣘⣚⣘⡀⢇⡐⠧⣿⠸⠇⡎⢰⣹⢀⠇⡇⣞⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢱⡇⢸⢸⠇⡇⢘⡠⡇⢳⢸⠀⡇⢈⢼⡇⡏⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⡻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⢩⠹⢿⣿⣷⣶⡶⢒⢶⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡣⠏⠳⠀⠏⠸⢃⠸⠔⠇⢘⡇⡀⠇⠻⠜⠇⠇⠸⠀⠣⠼⢠⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠁ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣷⢇⠃⡫⡇⠇⡎⡸⠐⣰⢰⠒⡆⡔⡞⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣁⣘⣀⣓⡃⡸⢁⡇⠸⠸⠸⠠⠇⠇⠇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⢸⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣌⠂⠀⠞⣩⠜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠲⠶⠦⣤⣥⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠤⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⣿⣿⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⡤⡶⠦⠤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣤⣬⣻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⡟⠛⠋⡛⡟⠛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠘⠘⣙⠍⡛⢨⢘⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣴⣤⣧⣅⣇⣇⣸⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⡍⠩⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠛⡏⠿⡯⢹⠿⣿⣿⣧⢹⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡇⡇⠀⠸⢔⢾⣿⣿⣧⡙⢿⣿⣇⣀⣆⣗⣄⣿⣸⣠⣁⣜⡀⣼⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⡟⡛⣿⡟⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⡇⡗⢌⣿⠏⡘⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢩⡿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡔⠒⠂⡗⠒⠂⡖⠒⡆⠒⡔⠒⢢⡔⠒⡆⡗⢢⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠋⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠁⠁⠀⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣄⠤⢤⡄⣠⢠⢀⡀⣤⡄⡀⢠⣤⢤⠀⠀⠀⡀⣤⡤⡄⣠⣤⡄⠀⢀⢤⠀⠀⢠⢠⡤⢀⠠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠄⣤⣤⢤⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⡤⢤⢠⠤⠀⠀⢠⡄⣄⡤⢤⢠⢠⠠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠛⣟⠟⡟⠛⠻⠿⡟⣿⠻⠻⣻⣻⡿⡟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⠉⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢩⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣟⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠿⣿⠻⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⠿⣿⢿⢿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⢻⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡄⠘⣿⢻⡟⡿⢿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢿⡛⣟⢿⠿⣿⠿⢿⠟⣿⠻⢿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣟⣻⢻⣿⣛⣻⡿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢉⣼⣆⠀⠀⠘⢿⠟⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡀⠸⣸⣇⣇⣸⣸⣇⣏⣹⣸⣏⣿⣹⣀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣻⣿⢿⣟⣻⢿⣺⣿⢿⣿⣻⢿⡿⡿⢿⢿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⢻⣻⣿⢿⣿⡛⣿⣿⣿⠁⢠⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠂⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠉⠙⣿⣿⣽⣙⣿⣻⣿⢋⣿⣻⣽⢙⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣟⣻⣻⣻⣟⣻⣿⣻⣟⣿⣻⢻⣻⣻⢿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣛⣟⢟⣿⣻⣟⣟⣻⣟⣿⣻⡛⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⡿⠋⣰⣄⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣟⣟⣻⣛⣟⣿⣻⣿⣛⣟⣻⣻⣟⣛⣻⣟⣿⣛⣿⣟⣟⣿⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠙⠟⢁⣾⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⣠⣈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠖⠊⠙⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1063 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Sometimes_Less_Publicity_is_Better_Than_Bad_Publicity.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Sometimes_Less_Publicity_is_Better_Than_Bad_Publicity.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Sometimes Less Publicity is Better (Than Bad Publicity)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇RMS_in_Russia⦈_ RMS_in_Russia and Russia Today (RT) is judgement that did not age too well. The same is true for going on the Alex Jones televised circus (because of magnitude, regardless of the network's detestable odour). A lot of people online still (in 2024 and maybe 2025) upload footage of Richard Matthew Stallman (RMS) on channels like RT or creepy platforms of Alex Jones. It's not that RMS acted weird on those channels, it's just the association that's problematic. I always turned down invitations to go on RT and other Russian channels (even before the invasion of Crimea), but I didn't turn down the British or French or Swiss, for instance, especially if those were established channels like national TV. Some years ago we heard that the FSF had begun 'vetting' what RMS would say in public, in person (do not reply to trolls in E-mail), or where he would appear. He'd make surprise visits/journets to some places (ducking the haters who blackmail event organisers) or try_to_meet_women_outside_events. He's not a toddler, he's a man in his 70s and he does not need babysitting. But the bottom line is, sometimes it's OK if we don't hear much about RMS (but from RMS, in his Web site). His Web site was updated some days ago to say "[_No upcoming_talks._]" (nothing in_his_talks_page_either). For someone his age, immuno-compromised and battling cancer, that is understandable. Photo ops (especially with random people you do not know) are a liability, not a trophy. Some proportion of these will age poorly (associating oneself with bad actors). Going on some lousy channel, in desperate pursuit/thirst for an audience that might not even like you, is also a liability. Seeking immediate glory (the "15 minutes of fame" thing or going "viral" in social control media) is like trying to excel in sports by doping. It eventually destroys the body; it's just not sustainable. Some people try to become famous by murdering people. What sort of accomplishment is this? Being famous or infamous isn't a good yardstick, as we've_just_mentioned_in relation_to_Steve_Jobs_and_Dennis_Ritchie. If RMS lived a life of principles and will one day die a principled person, that says a lot more than "bank balance at time of death". RMS has kept a relatively low profile since returning from Peru with more doctorates. He therefore hasn't attracted any noticeably bad attention and the organisation he founded almost 40 years ago successfully enlists many new members/donors this winter. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Support_the_Free_Software_Foundation⦈_ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣍⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡋⢀⣿⣷⡿⣶⣧⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠇⠻⠿⠸⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣶⣼⣧⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣭⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⡼⠛⠿⠿⠿⠏⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣄⣲⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠿⠞⠉⠙⠛⠚⠛⠛⠛⠼⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣭⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠛⠙⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣟⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢷⣶⣔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣯⡾⠛⠙⠛⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠲⠿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⢰⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢠⣾⣿⠲⢾⡟⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⣸⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⡆⢸⣿⣿⣶⡿⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⣀⡀⢸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢒⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡤⢄⣤⣔⣂⣤⣼⠿⠏⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡄⠀⢠⡄⡀⣤⣠⣴⣿⣿⣟⣾⣿⣿⠀⣠⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⣤ ⣀⣤⣢⣤⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⢸⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠉⡩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠩⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡠⠊⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠒⠂⣿⣿⡇⠉⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⡀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⣀⣀⣁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⡀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⣀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⢀⠀⡀⢀⠀⢀⢀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣬⣯⣭⣝⠁⠦⠥⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⣿⠒⢸⡗⣏⢸⣒⡀⣗⣂⠀⢈⣓⡄⣇⣀⠇⡗⠂⠀⢸⠀⠸⡞⢷⢃⡮⢧⢸⠲⡅⣗⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⣀⣀⡤⠞⢾⠶⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⡤⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠠⡤⠀⠀⡄⠀⢀⠤⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠂⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠓⠁⠀⠈⠐⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠃⠀⠈⠒⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠭⢽⢿⢻⢻⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡟⣿⡟⡏⡿⡿⡿⣿⡏⠭⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⡫⠽⡿⡿⡏⡟⡿⡟⡿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⡯⠭⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⡿⣿⡏⣿⣿⢛⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣼⣬⣼⣨⣼⣨⣼⣬⣼⣼⣧⣿⣧⣧⣧⣧⣤⣿⣧⣿⣿⣧⣤⣧⣴⣿⣯⣥⣯⣥⣧⣧⣽⣼⣼⣯⣽⣼⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣮⣵⣮⣥⣿⣧⣮⣥⣯⣽⣬⣿⣮⣵⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⠏⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⡀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠒⠋⠁⠃⠛⠀⠀⠐⠀⠑⠀⠃⠘⠙⠃⠈⠀⠋⠛⠋⠋⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣹⣿⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⢹⡋⠉⠹⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢙⠉⢅⠀⢠⠀⢐⠠⢐⢐⠈⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡽⡻⢛⡿⣛⢛⡻⣿⡿⣿⠏⠛⢻⢉⠩⢉⢹⡿⢯⢿⣿⣿⢛⡟⠋⢛⠟⡻⢟⠋⡟⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⡻⠛⣿⢿⡿⡻⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡟⠛⠟⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡻⡿⣿⢿⢟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⡟⢿⢿⢟⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⢿⢿⠿⣻⣛⣟⣿⣻⣻⣻⢿⢿⠟⢟⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢻⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1187 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Today_s_Latest_Technology_News_is_Marketing_SPAM_Authored_by_a_.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/Today_s_Latest_Technology_News_is_Marketing_SPAM_Authored_by_a_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Today's "Latest Technology News" is Marketing SPAM Authored by a Bot⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 The "Latest Technology News" for this Saturday: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Belkin_BoostCharge_Pro_MagSafe_Power_Bank_5K_gets_Year_of the_Snake_design⦈_ Not news, not even real: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_BoostCharge_Pro_MagSafe_Power_Bank_5K_remains_unchanged in_functionality⦈_ The "Latest Technology News" might as well become a punchline. At Beta'News', marketing spam (for payments through clicks) is "news" and they no longer bother to write the text, either. █ Also see: BetaNews_Has_Become_a_SPAM/Slop_Factory,_Brian_Fagioli_Publishes_Fake 'Articles' | It's_Morbid_to_Talk_About_Living_People_as_If_They're_Dead | BetaNews,_Inc._Became_a_Spam_Operation/Web_Site,_LLM_Spew_(Slop)_for_SEO Disguised_as_"Articles" | BetaNews_is_Beta-Testing_the_Site_as_LLM_Slop_With Microsoft_Propaganda_Thrown_In | Even_the_Managing_Editor_of_BetaNews_is_Doing Slop_and_Spam | At_BetaNews,_"Most_Commented_Story"_Is_Not_a_Story_But_LLM Slop!_(Readers_Talking_to_Bots) | BetaNews_is_Run_and_Written_by_Bots_That_Make Clickbait | BetaNews,_Desperate_for_Clicks,_is_Pushing_Donald_Trump_Spam Created_by_LLMs_(Slop) | "Latest_Technology_News"_in_BetaNews_is_Press_Release SPAM_(or_LLM_Slop,_Marketing,_Fake_'Review') ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡃⠀⠀⢀⣄⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣉⣭⣿⣉⣻⣿⣤⣉⣫⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣀⡀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⡆ ⡿⣿⠿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣀⡀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣧⣥⣤⣥⣤⣤⣿⣤⣴⣥⣧⣤⣤⣴⣵⣠⣠⣧⣦⣤⣴⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇ ⣿⡧⢜⡹⣇⣨⠏⣯⣹⡇⢄⣯⣹⣭⣯⣹⢏⣻⣟⣟⣿⣿⣯⣽⣩⣿⢰⣌⣍⢏⣿⡜⣼⣉⡯⢹⣤⣋⣿⢸⣯⣿⣰⣌⢏⣉⣫⣹⣏⣿⡠⣼⣉⣏⣽⣈⣿⣠⣇⡱⣿⠉⣏⣽⢭⢟⣿⣥⣿⣝⣏⢹⣿⣏⣇⣿⢁⠀ ⣿⡟⢻⢿⡿⢿⠻⣿⢿⡿⢻⠿⣿⠿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⠾⠷⣾⣶⣿⣾⣷⣾⣾⣿⣶⣧⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣨⣻⣇⣿⣯⣍⣧⣌⣟⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣨⣺⣉⣹⣏⣋⣉⣹⣏⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣯⣭⣧⣽⣼⣯⣥⣵⣾⣶⣧⣷⣾⠀ ⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆ ⣿⣹⣋⣉⣍⣽⣉⣙⣹⣉⣫⣭⣫⣿⣫⣙⣽⣏⣏⣉⣛⣻⣉⣙⣉⠉⣽⣿⣍⣏⣉⣻⣹⣿⣩⣻⡯⣿⣟⣝⣽⣫⣿⣙⣛⡯⣏⣿⣿⣯⣿⣫⣛⢝⣟⣹⣍⣿⣿⣽⣽⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣟⢛⢛⣿⣟⣟⢟⡟⢛⡟⠛⢛⠛⢛⣿⢛⠛⣟⡛⣟⣟⣟⢻⠛⠛⣿⡿⡻⡛⠛⢻⡟⣟⠛⢻⡛⣟⣛⡟⠛⢻⣻⡻⠛⣛⠟⠛⢻⠛⣛⢛⠛⡟⢛⢟⠻⠛⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⠿⠿⣿⠿⢿⠻⠿⣿⢿⠻⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⡿⠻⠿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣶⢶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⡶⣾⣾⢷⣶⣷⡾⣶⣶⠾⣿⣶⣷⣾⣶⡶⣾⡷⢿⣶⣾⠶⣾⣷⣶⣶⡶⣿⣾⣾⣿⢷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⡶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣷⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣦⣬⣮⣧⣴⣬⣽⣿⣤⣼⣥⣤⣤⣼⣽⣼⣤⣬⣾⣭⣦⣴⣤⣬⣽⣥⣮⣤⣤⣭⣽⣿⣦⣼⣯⣯⣤⣤⣬⣮⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣮⣧⣤⣧⣥⣬⣵⣤⣷⣬⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣄⣉⣭⣋⣻⣿⣭⣩⣩⣍⣯⣟⣽⣿⣭⣉⣃⣏⣍⣈⣝⣼⣥⣉⣩⣍⣏⣏⣌⣡⣯⣁⣫⣏⣍⣏⣉⣿⣻⣉⣿⣌⣩⣭⣏⣻⣝⣏⣼⣫⣝⣏⣻⣩⣻⣉⣘⣯⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⢋⣉⣯⣯⣋⣋⣿⣽⣛⣛⣯⣟⣛⣯⣽⣹⣿⣯⣋⣛⣽⣿⣩⣽⣏⣟⣏⣯⣻⣏⣟⣙⣝⣫⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡇ ⣿⣏⣉⣛⣏⣉⣫⣋⣉⣿⣝⣉⠋⣛⣏⣍⣛⣏⣹⡝⢩⣟⣉⣛⣏⣍⣛⣛⣫⣏⣙⣫⣛⣯⣋⣹⣙⣉⣛⣙⣫⣟⣿⣯⣫⣙⣙⣝⢝⣛⣹⣯⣯⣉⣝⣍⣝⣫⣫⣏⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⠟⠛⢻⡻⡻⢻⢛⢛⣿⠛⠛⡻⣻⢻⡛⢛⣟⠟⢻⡻⣻⡻⡛⢛⡛⢛⢟⢟⡟⣻⡛⡿⣟⠟⠛⣛⡟⠛⢻⣿⣟⢻⡟⠛⠛⣟⣟⠛⡛⣻⠛⣿⢿⢻⠛⠛⠛⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣾⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⢾⠷⠷⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⣿⡇ ⣿⣶⣶⣶⢾⣷⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⡷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⠷⡶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣶⣵⡿⣷⣾⣶⡾⡿⠿⢷⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⢿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⢶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣷⣼⡆ ⣿⣶⣦⣮⣤⣤⣦⣧⣼⣧⣴⣤⣦⣽⣧⣤⣤⣦⣤⣦⣿⣽⣤⣤⣯⣽⣯⣤⣶⣼⣤⣶⣤⣦⣯⣦⣥⣤⣯⣮⣧⣦⣯⣿⣷⣧⣴⣦⣧⣴⣦⣤⣼⣥⣥⣤⣼⣬⣽⣤⣧⣯⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣼⣵⣤⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣣⣟⣍⣘⣝⣉⣉⣯⣽⣏⣧⣻⣠⣀⣥⣺⣟⣍⣉⣏⣽⣏⣘⣈⣍⣯⣈⣉⣩⣝⣍⣭⣝⣍⣟⣿⣍⣉⣹⣯⣻⣨⣉⣏⣙⣝⣍⣅⣏⣟⣿⣭⣩⣯⣍⣉⣩⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣕⣟⣿⣟⣿⣟⣟⣿⣟⣏⣍⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢁⣀⣤⣄⡀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡙⢹⣿⣿⣿⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠈⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⢿⠿⡿⡟⠟⠿⠻⠻⡿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠻⠿⢿⣿⡟⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠶⡾⣶⣷⣧⣤⣶⣤⣴⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣷⣷⣶⣷ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⣿⣿⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣴⣴⣮⣷⣾⣵⣤⣮⣶⣾⣼⣶⣶⣴⣴⣦⣴⣤⣴⣼⣯ ⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣷⣦⣷⣥⣷⣤⣧⣴⣤⣿⣴⣤⣧⣼⣦⣧⣼⣧⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣽⣯⣽⣽⣭⣥⣿⣭⣽⣯⣭⣭⣥⣽⣧⣽⣽⣽⣭⣽⣭ ⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣹⣋⣟⣉⣿⣋⣿⣉⣭⣍⣉⣿⣩⣹⣿⣭⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⣻⠛⠹⡟⡟⠋⠉⢙⢻⠹⡛⠛⠟⠙⡻⠙⠛⢛⠛⣿⡙ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣻⠻⡛⡟⠿⢻⠛⡻⡟⠻⡟⡟⣻⠛⣟⠟⢻⠛⢻⡛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⠿⢿⢿⡟⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⡿⣻⠻⠿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣦⣼⣇⣥⣁⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣤⣯⣭⣧⣤⣬⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⡻⠛⣟⣻⡿⢻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⡈⠉⢉⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣷⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1310 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/What_Would_Dennis_Ritchie_Say_About_the_Memory_Safe_Hype_or_Car.shtml Gemini version at https://techrights.org/n/2025/01/04/What_Would_Dennis_Ritchie_Say_About_the_Memory_Safe_Hype_or_Car.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ What Would Dennis Ritchie Say About the "Memory-Safe" Hype (or Cargo Cult)?⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Antwerp_Medieval_Alley⦈_ Sebastian Hetze, Linus Torvalds, and Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie having a conversation at the USENIX Annual Technical Conference in January 1997 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Sebastian_Hetze,_Linus_Torvalds,_and_Dennis_Ritchie⦈_ "Old" does not mean bad. Old can be worse, but it can also be better or equally good. AS a C programmer myself (since a relatively young age), I'm not too impressed by the Rust_hype_which_I_deem_a_threat_to_Linux (I explained why in 2022; I had commented in that in prior years too). I'm no stranger to C++ either, but I only started dabbling in C++ relatively late - in my early 20s. In my experience, C++ leads to a higher level of complexity for programs; in some cases, this unnecessarily complicates things for everybody involved. Based on some shallow - albeit essential - online research, Dennis Ritchie (C and UNIX creator/pioneer/inventor) did in fact meet Linus Torvalds (creator of Linux), shown in the center (photograph above) and the epic/eminent colleague Ken Thompson (nice person, music lover, and UNIX co-creator) said_he_was_moving to_GNU/Linux_a_couple_of_years_ago. Thompson's mind seems very sharp and he can explain technical concepts quickly and fluently despite his age. There has been some discussion_about_C++_in_recent_days because of future plans. "Conflicting interests, differing priorities and lack of participation has stymied the passing of memory safety proposals for C++," Agam_Shah_wrote_2 days_ago. Shah used to write a lot about GNU/Linux, ARM, OLPC etc. so we have a high opinion of him and his work. The bottom line is, this whole "memory safety" cargo cult has gotten quite loud. A lot of the corporate media got paid to play along with a GAFAM narrative (even RMS swallowed some of that, based on a conversation we had years ago). It's a bit of a distraction, as I'll explain a little later. The programming languages (or frameworks) are sometimes being blamed for shoddy coding practices. That's like blaming a fall on a lack of safety rails where none are truly needed. That's not to say that coding can be done perfectly, but many times it boils down to developers with a poor grasp of networking (or computing in general) opening up too many sockets, files, or elevating permissions/scope where it's not necessary at all. In other words, fundamental errors can be traced back to misunderstanding of fundamentals. Ask Microsoft why it's alarming developers right now to "patch" .NET crapware; turns out that some domain expiring suddenly became a massive security threat. Whose idea was it to make programs dependent on DNS (and on whoever happens to have some domain registered at the time those programs are run)??? This is terrible design, akin to asking people to just download some program from some random domain (no matter who controls it) rather than some trusted source, which may be physical media, verified at a store or before shipping. Not knowing much about Ritchie (except he was in poor health because of his lifestyle, or so goes the rumour), there's this meme about his_death on the left. As Andy recently pointed out in his long article, Ritchie died at almost the same time as Steve Jobs, but the media only mentioned the latter and still mentions the latter (as if he only died a year ago or last week). Fame and recognition aren't earned in proportion to achievement, contribution etc. Get used to it. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Dennis_Ritchie_vs_Steve_Jobs⦈_ In discussions about the photo above [1, 2], one person wrote: "Dennis Ritchie, who passed away the same week as Steve Jobs, made contributions to computing that are even more foundational. As the creator of the C programming language and co-developer of the UNIX operating system, his work underpins nearly all modern technology. While Jobs revolutionized consumer products, Dennis innovations built the core infrastructure of computing, enabling the digital world as we know it. RIP Dennis." At the time the photo was taken he would be about 56 (born 1941) and already well aware of C++ and Java catching on. Many of the important programs were still written in C, not PHP of Python or any of the fancy "Web" things we now have (Ruby on Rails to name one). JavaScript was still relatively new and wasn't yet misused as bloatware for spying. One reason why safety of C wasn't "all the rage" at the time was, people were working on computers offline or temporarily online (over dial-up/ISDN). Some places were connected over Ethernet that formed LANs (universities and offices), but the connected peers were mostly trusted and not some APT halfway across the globe. That brings us to the motivations behind Rust and the role of the Linux Foundation, a Microsoft-dominated_front_group. The GAFAM think tanks (e.g. OpenSSF at the Linux Foundation) want to distract us from their back doors (i.e. intentional security problems), so they look for some scapegoat or a blame-shifting opportunity. If_GitHub_gets_cracked_or_a_project_there_loses control,_they'd_blame_everything_but_Microsoft. They'd_rather_name_"Linux"_as_a culprit_than_focus_on_back_doors_that_enable_the_biggest_and_worst_intrusions, including that of the US Treasury - it boiled down to Microsoft Windows again. Don't let all the noise and the hype mislead you. The real security culprit is governments_(and_their_pet_corporations)_wanting_security_holes_to_exist. The genuinely accidental holes are nowhere as bad, on average. They're typically hard to exploit remotely. What would Dennis Ritchie say about all this? Well, late in his life he received awards and recognition in exchange for photo ops with the same political leaders who later demanded back doors or had already implemented them. To what extent was he aware that about a decade after his death the US administration would speak of C as if it was flaky piece of trash that must be avoided by programmers in the name of "security"? Even a kitchen knife can be used as a fatal weapon; yet we don't ban kitchen knives. More than 99% of people use these responsibly (care) and only inside the kitchen (scope) █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⡇⡟⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡗⣼⣿⣿⣿⡗⡇⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢤⡀⣤⡄⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢳⣼⣷⣼⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⡀⢀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⡅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⠉⠀⠀⠀⣄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣵⡿⣿⡿⣻⡇⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣹⣝⠳⣿⣷⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡀⠈⠛⠹⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⠀⢁⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣧⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠽⣰⢱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡌⣤⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⠿⠹⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣮⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⢈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⡻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⠦⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠹⠙⠿⢿⠛⠋⠻⠉⣛⠹⣝⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣴⡂⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢃⣀⡾⣲⣦⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢘⠀⠙⡛⢔⠉⠁⠀⠈⣠⡗⡏⠄⢰⣶⣿⢻⣷⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠭⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠀⠀⢠⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⡀⣿⠀⢰⡆⠈⣿⠏⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⣀⡄⠀⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢰⠀⡀⠺⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡣⢘⠀⢀⡀⢜⡸⠂⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣙⠈⣠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣸⠀⠃⢤⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⣿⡼⠀⠀⡃⠐⢂⠂⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡀⢘⠼⡄⢨⡭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡝⠀⠀⢸⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠠⢷⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣸⣟⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⣂⢱⡆⠴⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢣⣼⣿⡿⠿⠛⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡛⠛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠂⠀⢘⣀⠥⢤⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠐⠄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⣤⠄⠅⣺⡾⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣌⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡊⡑⠰⡒⡾⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣃⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠤⠒⠏⣷⣼⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣻⠀⠀⠱⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠲⠉⠙⢹⡟⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠐⠃⣠⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⠶⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣴⡅⠉⠙⠃⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠒⢢⣌⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣶⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣦⢢⠂⠒⢲⣶⡲⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡔⢰⡿⢭⢉⢿⡧⣮⢉⠁⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠐⣾⣉⣿⣷⣿⢡⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡵⢢⠆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢷⣄⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠾⠾⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢏⠹⢸⢸⠃⠈⠞⠈⠐⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠈⠸⢱⡟⠃⣜⢻⢸⡇⡣⡟⣄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣀⡀⢠⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣁⣀⠀⡀⣀⣤⣴⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣤⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣌⣭⣩⣥⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠈⠈⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⢡⣤⣀⡀⢤⣤⣼⣷⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣀⡀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢰⣄⣒⡂⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡫⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡁⠻⢉⣉⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣶⣾⣦⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠏⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣰⣼⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⠆⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣨⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠛⠋⠹⠿⠿⠏⠳⡈⠻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⣴⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⠘⠉⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢠⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⡿⠋⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⡿⠃⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡿⠋⣴⣆⢈⣩⣭⣴⣿⣮⣍⣩⣴⣿⠏⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠘⠛⢷⣄⢀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡶⠋⠀⠀⠙⢃⣾⣿⠛⠋⢙⠿⢉⣉⠉⠁⠀⠀⢸⠋⠹⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⠛⠃⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⡇⠸⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⢨⠀⠈⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠃⢸⢠⡀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢂⡱⡄⢐⠸⡸⠇⠌⢸⡿⠇⠟⣿⣿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢳⢇⠘⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢹ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠇⠀⠀⣠⣷⣴⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣄⡈⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⠆⣀⡀⠀⠀⣌⠊⡌⠁⠛⠺⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡘ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢦⠀⠈⠀⢠⣾⡟⡿⢛⢿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⢉⡀⣤⠁⢰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⣷ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⡄⣿⣿⣵⣿⣷⠿⠿⢿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢦⡶⠀⡞⠀⡞⠀⠸⣿⣷⣶⢻⣿⡿⣿⣿⠹⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠇⠘ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⠉⢻⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠚⡇⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠸⠿⠇⠛⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⣇⣸⣘⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⠟⡏⠉⠀⠸⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣭⡝⣟⢛⣛⢟⣛⡛⣛⡻⡟⣭⠹⣛⠏⣭⣛⢟⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⣭⡝⢟⣻⢟⣛⡻⣛⣛⢩⡝⣛⠿⢫⡭⡍⣭⢹⡛⣟⡛⣭⣙⢩⡍⣟⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢘⢳⡄⣿⢸⢛⡻⣿⣿⡟⡃⡇⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⢘⢯⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⡇⣿⢛⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣟⣿⡅⢸⡗⡇⣿⢸⡇⡏⣋⣿⢹⢸⡇⡿⣛⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣭⣥⣭⣬⣭⣥⣭⣤⣭⣥⣧⣭⣬⣭⣥⣭⣭⣬⣭⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣭⣥⣭⣭⣬⣭⣥⣭⣭⣬⣭⣭⣵⣮⣥⣥⣭⣬⣥⣭⣥⣭⣬⣬⣥⣭⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⠍⣍⣛⢿⡟⡽⣯⢫⣭⢹⢩⡭⢙⣛⢫⣍⡛⡟⣭⡍⡽⣭⢩⢭⠍⡭⡍⢩⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡭⣭⣙⢻⣿⢩⢿⡍⡽⣯⠛⣽⢯⢙⣛⡛⣛⣛⠟⣫⡍⣽⣯⠉⣭⡍⣭⠩⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⣇⣿⡸⡷⣸⠏⣾⣿⢸⢸⡗⢸⢺⣻⡇⣿⣿⢸⡇⡓⣿⢨⢹⡇⣍⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⢘⢿⢸⢸⡇⣓⣿⠐⣽⢷⢸⡗⡇⣿⣿⢸⣾⡇⣻⣿⢸⣽⡇⢸⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣥⣭⣥⣭⣧⣭⣭⣶⣭⣼⣬⣽⣮⣭⣮⣭⣵⣿⣬⣵⣭⣵⣮⣭⣶⣭⣥⣭⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣭⣭⣬⣼⣮⣭⣶⣭⣵⣿⣬⣭⣶⣭⣅⣛⣭⣾⣯⣥⣭⣭⣶⣬⣵⣬⣬⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣠⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣙⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠻⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣊⣏⣉⢉⡍⢁⣈⢑⣄⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡟⠉⢻⠇⠌⠓⠉⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢃⢦⡥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⡆⡈⣻⡟⠋⠭⠽⠍⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡟⠈⠉⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣤⣶⣶⣿⡇⢹⣿⣶⣦⣶⣦⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⠋⠀⠸⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢣⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡳⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⡗⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣀⠘⣿⣦⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢂⣦⣰⣿⣿⡟⣿⣯⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⡉⣛⣯⣿⣇⣾⣿⣉⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣖⣆⣤⢠⠄⣤⢠⢤⡄⣤⡀⠤⡄⢰⡄⡆⣤⢠⠄⡆⣤⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⣴⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⡀⠀⠀⠄⠠⠘⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⢿⠿⠿⣷⣦⣄⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠋⠚⠘⠃⠛⠘⠘⠃⠓⠀⠛⠃⠘⠃⠃⠟⠐⠃⠃⠓⠘⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢰⢲⢲⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣿⠂⣿⣿⢸⣼⢸⡟⣿⢸⢱⣶⢰⢲⢰⢺⠈⣾⠻⢸⣿⣿⣆⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⣤⣰⢰⠀⡤⢰⢠⡄⡆⣤⢠⣤⢰⢠⢴⣠⡄⣤⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣇⣛⣘⣘⣘⣃⣛⣃⣛⣛⣛⣠⣛⣛⣘⣙⣘⣛⣙⣪⣘⣛⣘⣘⣘⣚⣸⣙⣛⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣃⣓⡘⠘⠀⢚⣘⡘⠃⠃⠓⠘⠛⠘⠘⠚⠛⠃⠛⠐⠃⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⣶⢰⡆⡶⠂⡖⣶⢹⣴⢲⣴⣖⡂⡏⣶⢲⢡⡖⣦⢲⡖⣸⠴⣲⢱⡖⡎⢵⡆⢶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⢶⢰⡆⣶⠂⡶⣶⢙⢵⡆⠖⣶⢹⢱⢲⡌⡶⣶⠰⡶⣪⠱⢲⡌⡖⣦⢵⡆⢵⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⡇⣯⡁⣇⣿⢸⢿⣸⠧⣆⡿⡇⣿⣸⠸⣇⡶⢸⡇⣿⢱⣏⢸⣇⡇⢸⡇⢸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⡁⣇⣿⢸⣿⡇⣵⣏⢾⢸⣸⡇⣇⣶⠀⡇⣿⢣⣟⡀⣇⣿⡀⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣽⣯⢩⡯⢩⡍⢭⡏⢹⣻⢩⣭⣭⣭⡏⣮⡍⣯⢭⢻⢉⣭⣭⠋⣭⣭⠍⣭⠁⣽⠉⢭⣭⢭⣭⡝⢻⣯⣭⣭⡍⢽⣿⠛⣫⣫⠉⣟⣿⠻⣯⢻⠋⡍⣭⠻⢩⣯⢹⢻⣟⡛⡟⢛⣻⣿⡟⠉⣯⢩⠝⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿ ⣿⣯⣭⣭⣬⣥⣬⣵⣭⣥⣮⣭⣬⣵⣥⣭⣮⣭⣥⣭⣯⣬⣮⣭⣯⣶⣭⣭⣵⣭⣤⣭⣦⣬⣭⣬⣬⣥⣼⣧⣭⣬⣥⣬⣭⣥⣬⣭⣥⣭⣭⣤⣭⣭⣦⣤⣭⣤⣬⣭⣬⣤⣭⣥⣥⣬⣥⣭⣭⣤⣭⣬⣤⣬⣥⣭⣼⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣍⡍⣛⠋⣍⡭⡍⣛⣛⡛⣩⣍⣛⢛⣛⣭⣛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⡟⡛⣿⡛⢛⢛⣛⣛⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⡄⠿⠇⠿⠀⠿⠏⡁⠇⠧⠇⠿⠿⠿⠸⠴⠿⠽⢆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡮⠥⢧⠭⠧⠠⠴⣼⣽⣧⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡍⡝⣛⢿⢟⡛⣛⢛⡛⢛⢻⠟⡛⣛⡛⣛⠛⡛⢛⣛⢟⡋⣝⢛⢛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣕⡸⢇⢅⡣⠸⠀⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣒⡀⣿⡇⣿⢀⢿⡇⣿⢸⡺⢸⢐⢸⡺⣸⡇⣿⠸⣺⢸⢹⢝⡇⡟⣿⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡫⢱⡆⡊⣆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⡒⠶⠶⠿⢖⠺⠶⠶⠶⠶⢿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢣⡄⡚⡒⠛⣛⣛⡛⡛⠛⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣯⡇⣿⢹⢹⣹⢸⣽⣻⡅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡎⡁⡡⠭⠤⠭⠯⠭⢥⠀⠬⠼⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣥⣶⣶⣶⣬⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡘⣃⣛⣛⣸⣈⣈⣚⣛⢀⣀⣀⣘⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠰⠶⠱⢲⠶⠶⣶⢖⠀⠰⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⢫⡌⡝⣭⣩⠩⢨⠩⣭⠍⣥⣬⣭⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⢁⢕⢌⣈⣠⣎⡠⣩⡵⣥⣭⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⢀⣛⣛⣛⡋⠛⠓⡢⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⡘⠿⠰⠰⠖⠄⠴⠷⠇⠶⠿⠸⠸⠰⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⡅⠆⣮⣭⣭⢭⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⠽⣸⢒⢷⣾⡺⡂⣷⣲⢻⠀⡟⡇⣾⠀⡟⣶⣶⢷⢰⢻⢺⡺⡆⢑⢷⠸⡆⠯⣷⣷⢰⣕⡇⡇⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣭⣭⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠏⣭⡍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣬⣼⣬⣬⣭⣬⣬⣵⣭⣬⡭⢤⣭⣥⣯⣦⣥⣥⣥⣭⣮⣭⡭⢭⣥⣮⣭⣬⣵⣬⣵⣭⣮⣥⣭⣥⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢰⣿⢲⣶⢰⣶⢺⣷⢱⣾⢻⣦⢸⣶⣾⣰⡿⣷⡌⣾⡷⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣶⢸⠋⡕⠎⣶⣴⢲⢲⢰⡆⡆⡖⡆⡇⣶⣰⢲⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⡟⣻⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣼⣴⣽⣥⣿⣽⣼⣜⣘⣣⣿⣧⣧⣧⣿⣙⣛⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠻⠟⢨⣭⣽⡿⠸⠿⠸⠿⣘⠻⠾⣋⠸⠿⢰⣙⠿⠟⣃⡻⠟⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡐⡖⡦⡍⣭⣭⣩⢩⢴⢠⢨⡍⡥⡆⢠⡬⡍⢰⢰⢬⢩⡍⢫⡭⢭⡍⡭⣭⢩⣩⠩⣭⢭⡍⢭⡍⡭⡁⣦⣭⢩⢰⠀⡄⡆⢩⡉⣝⣭⣭⢩⢭⡍⣍⠝⣭⡍⡭⣴⢦⡭⢰⢠⣩⣭⣭⠍⡭⡍⣭⢰⢠⢨⠍⣍⡝⣿ ⣿⣇⣃⣃⣃⣛⡹⣋⣜⣚⣘⣘⣃⣓⣃⣘⣃⣃⣜⣚⣘⣘⣋⣜⣚⣛⣃⣃⣛⣘⣚⣄⣟⣘⣋⣓⣃⣓⣀⣛⣛⣚⣘⣀⣃⣃⣜⣃⣓⣋⣛⣘⣘⣃⣛⣡⣙⣃⣓⣛⡸⢃⣘⣘⣚⣘⣙⣀⣃⣃⣛⣘⣚⣘⣃⣓⣣⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡏⡦⡦⡍⣭⠙⡥⡆⣭⣩⢭⢴⢰⣭⢋⣭⢰⠀⡖⡎⣭⣩⢭⢩⡅⡆⡭⠉⣖⡆⣦⣌⣭⢰⢬⣦⣭⡝⢫⠍⡭⣭⣭⢭⢩⡍⡭⣭⡍⣭⣩⢴⠈⡎⡭⡝⢱⡆⡦⡭⣭⣭⣩⡝⢱⣮⢭⢰⣌⡭⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⣃⣃⣃⣓⣠⣓⣃⣓⣚⣛⣘⣘⣛⣘⣛⣘⣀⣓⣃⣓⣚⣘⣘⣃⣃⣛⣀⣃⣃⣛⣓⣓⣘⣘⣋⣓⣂⣘⣂⣓⣛⣛⣘⠸⢃⣛⣛⣃⣓⣚⣚⣀⣃⣓⣣⣐⣛⣃⣓⣂⣛⣓⣂⣐⣛⣚⣘⣋⣚⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1557 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 04/01/2025: Geminispace Contributions and Security Theatre⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025, updated Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Giraffe_At_Werribee_Park⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini # Programming * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ A_New_Year⠀⇛ Happy new year, one and all. I hope your holidays were safe and fun. If memory serves me, this is my 9th year phlogging on modern gopher. It's fascinating how quickly that time seems to have gone. I mean in general, of course. Looking back at life always feels that way, I believe. # ⚓ "Welcome_to_the_midnight,_it's_time"⠀⇛ It's night. I have no wristwatch nor clocks around, but I guess it's 11pm, somehow I feel it. I'm walking indefinitely through this place. How could I describe this place? It's not exactly a city, but it's urban... There's no one around. There are things scattered on the ground. The only light is the dim moonlight, but I can see many different things, things that are broken and thrown out, such as soda cans, discarded wrappings, broken electronics and metal parts. A pollution signaling previous humane activity. # ⚓ 🎄_The_Annual_Christmas_Tree_Burn_☃⠀⇛ We have a New Year's Eve tradition: we burn last year's Christmas tree in our fire pit. In this way, we send off the old year and welcome in the new. We have a few friends over and my wife, who loves to bake, produces tons of cookies and brownies and all kinds of things. Starting last year, one of our friends started bringing their family's tree over, as well, so we get to burn multiple trees. Of course, this involves keeping the tree for an entire year-plus to give it a chance to dry out. We're lucky enough to have room to do this for a tree, or sometimes more if I get them from the neighbors. And when these things go up, they *go up*. The fire department isn't kidding when they say don't let these dry up in your house. A modest noble fir will produce a tower of flames. # ⚓ Colour_me⠀⇛ I need to get some coloured things to my new place dealt with. I want blue things in my bedroom, orange and gray things in my living room, and yellow and green things in my kitchen. The bedroom is pretty barren for now, but a blue carpet helps it a bit. The pre-installed curtain is dark blue, so that's nice. The room itself is pale white. It does contrast pretty well on the blue, I just need more blue. The living room has my orange sofa and some grey items around it. They work together nicely. Copper and steel, if we take the steampunk way of thinking. But my kitchen. It is pale with white surfaces. I need to find pale yellow (or pale green) curtains. My friend found me a beautiful Dutch enameled tile made in the 1800s, which is green and yellow, but which I haven't found a good spot for. I have a citrus poster to hang up with greens and yellows (and oranges) if I had a frame and a hook. I also have a little painted card another friend painted me with a bunch of green in it, I need another hook to hang that one up too. The only things that fit my kitchen colour scheme here are my houseplants, which need a space of their own somewhere else than on my dinner table, and a golden sheaf of barley I keep in a vase. # ⚓ 2025_-_New_Year,_New_Look⠀⇛ I wanted to make things feel a little fresh, so for folks looking at this page via the web (HTTP/S), you will probably notice that I changed up the look of the site. I like designs that don't go out of their way to hide things. For instance, there were A LOT of transluscent devices back in the late 90s and early 2000. In celebration of that, I wanted to set up my website to look like the gemtext file it actually is based on. Initially, I wanted to make the link lines fully accurate to the gemtext spec, but I ran into a slight visual issue in the index page of /journal/. Unfortunately because all of the link text starts with a date and has the full title, the lines would get too cluttered. As a result, for now, I am hiding the links behind the link text as web links tend to do. Maybe later on I'll decide that the clutter is a fine enough tradeoff for tech transparency. # ⚓ Dev_Log_5_-_Implementing_Tarot_Spreads⠀⇛ I'm a bit farther than this post implies, but I figured I'd give an update explaining that I have arbitrary tarot spreads working! At least for now, I have 13 different tarot spreads represented. # ⚓ 3_January_2025_-_I_Will_Fear_No_Evil_in_a_Metropolis_of Many_Hearts⠀⇛ You need to forgive the semi incoherent vibe of this gemlog post - it is full of a lot of half- processed observations, and incomplete reflections on my experienes in South Africa to date. As a foreigner, South Africa is never what you think it is. You can't arrive here and correctly interpret what you see through a European lens, or an American lens, or an Australian lens. Even if you have been here a while, you will find that your understanding of the dynamics of the place continues to evolve, sometimes radically. Hell, as far as I can tell, even as as a South African, South Africa is never what you think it is. This is a compartmentalised, stratified and unhomogenised country, despite the abolition of formal apertheid. And between the layers exists a knotted connective tissue of transactions, agendas, perceptions and mythologies that slide and chafe against each other like jungle vines while the place grows and convolves and evolves. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ A_more_bingeable_XKCD_interface_🤖_⚗️😆⠀⇛ However it was pretty barebones. Later that year I added a index with titles, but it still wasn't the best experience. So today I did a little work improve the CGI that power the mirror. N # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ My_first_contribution_to_Geminispace⠀⇛ I am thrilled to finally start making my own contributions (content/information wise) to Geminispace. I have been lurking since early 2023 after discovering the protocol and decided that one of my goals for 2025 is to engage more with Geminispace and everything else that is Gemini protocol related. I believe that the Gemini protocol and by extension Geminispace is important, especially in the times that we are currently living in, and more than just a toy or hobby (project). T # ⚓ "A_Colossal_Wreck,_Boundless_and_Bare":_A_Living Eulogy_for_Literary_Twitter⠀⇛ I saw this boosted in my Bluesky feed late in December, a eulogy for the Twitter-that-was, from writer Hannah Cohen. To be clear, this isn't a eulogy for Twitter as the general platform - that Twitter, the Twitter of big accounts and Blue Wave accounts and Presidential reply guys, is a big, shambling, shitty thing. But communities formed in the cracks, like the little ecosystems of tidepools in the ocean. Cohen writes about the joy of discovering a community with no barriers but participation. # § Programming⠀➾ # ⚓ Security_Hoop⠀⇛ Here we need the "proc" (fork) allow so downloads still work, but "exec" is not allowed. This makes it a bit harder for attackers to run arbitrary programs. An attacker can still read various files, but there are also unveil restrictions that very much reduce the access of w3m to the filesystem. An attacker could make DNS and internet connections, though fixing that would require a different browser design that better isolates the "get stuff from the internet" parts from the "try to parse the hairball that is HTML" code, probably via imsg_init(3) on OpenBSD, or differently complicated to download to a directory with one process and to parse it with another. That way, a HTML security issue would have a more difficult time in getting out to the interwebs. However, with pledge and unveil and not doing much in any given w3m instance (so an attacker cannot rummage around in w3m's memory looking for goodies from other pages visited) the security is a bit better than the default, which allows w3m to read all files and run all programs, come what may. # ⚓ It's_more_like_computer_security_theater_than_actual security⠀⇛ What I find annoying is the lack of any type of attack as an example. It's always “data from da Intarwebs bad!” without regard to how it's bad. The author just assumes that hackers out there have some magical way of executing code on their computer just by the very act of downloading a file. The assumption that some special sequence of HTML can open a network connection to some control server in Moscow or Beijing or Washington, DC (District of Columbia) and siphon off critical data is just … I don't know, insane to me. Javascript, yes, I can see that happening. But HTML? And then I recall the time that Microsoft added code to their programs to scan JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) images for code and automatically execute it, and okay, I can see why maybe the cargo cult security mumbo-jumbo exists. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1864 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 04/01/2025: Snow and Attacks⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Island_and_coast_Great_Ocean_Road⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ Learnings_from_dogs⠀⇛ ## What I have learned from dogs 1. Be yourself, but prepare to be surprised 2. Be unprejudiced, but trust your intuition 3. Be curious, but not dangerously so # ⚓ the_fourth_New_Year's_issue_has_been_released⠀⇛ The Smallest Hosting in the World: Sector Disk ### Musings on Downgrading, Men, and Women ### Design is a Tricky Thing ### BROWZAAAAA!! ))) # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_GIJSNOM_Wordo:_RAMPS⠀⇛ # ⚓ so_much_snow⠀⇛ I’ve been shoveling for days. My hands are quite sore and tired from all of it. I have a fair amount of muscle soreness in my back, my ribs, and my arms. But it’s that good post exercise soreness. I dont know why it feels so good, it’s like when I’ve gone too long without any real exercsie and then I get a bunch of exercise and then this is how I feel the next day. If I could make it more than a day without shoveling, it would probably be gone already. Despite all the snow, I have yet to get out in my snow shoes! I think my dog would appreciate it for this depth of snow. On our last walk I think he was getting tired of pushing snow with his chest because he started hopping in my foot prints instead of breaking new trail on his own. With the snow shoes I leave a better trail for him to walk in. It’ll be fun to see how long he makes it before he decides he’d rather walk in my trail. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Attacks⠀⇛ An "arbitrary code execution" vulnerability lets an attacker do whatever they want, and w3m has had several of these, and may have more. Granted, measures such as ASLR and W^X can make life more difficult for an attacker, and you might notice w3m crashing as the attackers try to get the stars to line up for their ROP gadget as you (or some automation) try to download a malicious page over and over. Or, you could get unlucky and they are now running whatever code they want, or reading all your files. # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ SSH_app_bots⠀⇛ A long time ago I wrote a program that is accessible via `ssh`. Use the arrows to move around on the map, use `u` and `d` to raise and lower the land. The program recomputes water flow, forests, swamps, settlements, and so on. It's cute. # ⚓ pilot⠀⇛ my first POST! =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2000 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 04/01/2025: Demolition of IBM Building (Its Birthplace), Microsoft Layoffs, Microsoft Vice President Quits⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Sunset_After_Rain_Perth,_Western_Australia,_taken_1_November 2020⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o IBM o Standards/Consortia o Career/Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Trademarks # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Crafting_A_Cardboard_Tribute_To_Puzzle_Bobble⠀⇛ What do you get when you cross cardboard, deodorant rollers, and a love for retro gaming? A marvel of DIY engineering that brings the arcade classic Puzzle Bobble to life—once again! Do you remember the original Puzzle Bobble aiming mechanism we featured 12 years ago? Now, creator [TomTilly] has returned with a revamped version, blending ingenuity with a touch of nostalgia. [Tom] truly is a Puzzle Bobble enthusiast. And who could argue that? The game’s simplicty makes for innocent yet addictive gameplay. o § IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ Demolition_of_IBM_building_begins⠀⇛ Broome County began the largest demolition project in its history this morning at the birthplace of IBM. The old IBM buildings on the Phoenix Campus in Endicott have been condemned for 20 years. The demolition is led by Gorick Construction, and supported by $6 million from New York State and $2 million of the county’s ARPA funds. o § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ # ⚓ SchwarzTech ☛ Article:_RSS_and_Email_Might_Save_Some_of_Us From_Social_Media_Rot⠀⇛ I think there’s a really powerful notion with that—if you run a little site like this and I take the time to subscribe, I give a damn about what you have to say. Likewise, by taking the time to subscribe to this site, you’re carving out some of your time to at least know when I have something I think is worth sharing. It feels way more intentional than a social media follow or comment. With RSS, there’s no algorithm—new things appear when you check and they’re sorted by site and chronological order. Want to take your subscriptions with you to another app or sync service? Export it as a text file and keep going. No commercial entity can really break it either! It underpins podcasts, so there’s plenty of active development and support as a byproduct. I really don’t know how many people even subscribe, as it’s not something I keep track of! # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Next-gen_Wi-Fi_to_focus_on_giving_users the_best_connection⠀⇛ Wi-Fi 8 is coming, but it looks set to focus on greater reliability rather than on pushing the bandwidth ever higher, as the most recent updates to the venerable wireless local network technology have done. o § Career/Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Neil Selwyn ☛ “The_whole_point_is_we’re_trying_to_teach”_– pedagogical_reflections_on_Hey_Hi_(AI)_grading⠀⇛ I’ve tried Hey Hi (AI) for things like student feedback and been very surprised. We had a 10-mark Geography assignment on Surveillance Giant Google Docs. I thought the Hey Hi (AI) would be hopeless, but I put in a list of criteria that I wanted it to mark and the comments were spot on. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Refrigeration:_my_greatest_invention_of modern_times⠀⇛ I read that title back and realised it implies that refrigeration was my invention. This may surprise some of you, but I cannot take credit for inventing refrigeration. Well, I could, but that’d leave you… what’s a pun related to air conditoning? Frosty? Michał_Sapka ran a poll asking what the greatest invention of modern times was. Out of washing machine and dishwasher I chose the former, though it does amuse me how silly English is with these terms. Why not a clotheswasher and a dishwasher? Surely a washing machine would be able to handle both? I do like having a dish washer, but not washing clothes by hand is an absolute wonder. # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Gary_Castle_was_tempted_by_clipboard_parts⠀⇛ Mark_Ericsson’s friend Gary Castle had a Corner, and he had quite the revelation in March 2007: WHOLESALE CLIPBOARD PARTS # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ 2024:_As_The_Hardware_World_Turns⠀⇛ With 2024 now officially in the history books, it’s time to take our traditional look back and reflect on some of the top trends and stories from the past twelve months as viewed from the unique perspective Hackaday affords us. Thanks to the constant stream of tips and updates we receive from the community, we’ve got a better than average view of what’s on the mind of hardware hackers, engineers, and hobbyists. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Modern_Battery_For_A_Classic_Laptop⠀⇛ Aside from their ability to operate fairly well in extreme temperatures, lead-acid batteries don’t have many benefits compared to more modern battery technology. They’re heavy, not particularly energy dense, have limited charge cycles, and often can’t be fully discharged without damage or greatly increased wear. With that in mind, one can imagine that a laptop that uses a battery like this would be not only extremely old but also limited by this technology. Of course, in the modern day we can do a lot to bring these retro machines up to modern standards like adding in some lithium batteries to this HP laptop. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Spraining_a_finger⠀⇛ 2025 has been going exceptionally well. Except for the part where I somehow sprained my left index finger without knowing it, until this morning where it was so swolen and painful I couldn’t move it. How does this happen!? I went to the GP who referred me to get an X-ray and ultrasound. There was no major damage which was great news, but the ultrasound showed swelling around the muscles. I’ve been given the usual instructions to keep it elevated, cool, and have it bandaged with my middle finger to stop it moving, along with some anti-inflammatories. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China’s_health_commission_to_narrow gaps_in_mental_health_services⠀⇛ China will set up a mental health hotline and establish regional mental health centres nationwide. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Business Insider ☛ Microsoft_layoffs:_A_timeline_of_job cuts_throughout_the_software_giant's_history⠀⇛ Like other large tech companies, Microsoft has implemented mass layoffs in the past. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ 2024-12-27_[Older]_Federal_Trade_Commission Launches_Investigation_Into_Microsoft’s_Practices⠀⇛ # ⚓ CRN ☛ Microsoft_VP_Of_Silicon_Engineering_Jumps_To_Google Cloud_To_Head_Chip_Technology_And_Manufacturing⠀⇛ Microsoft’s former vice president of silicon manufacturing and engineering, Rehan Sheikh, has left to join rival Google Cloud to become one of the company’s leading silicon chip leaders. At Microsoft, Sheikh (pictured) led efforts to launch Microsoft’s new Azure Cobalt processor and new Azure Maia 100 custom AI accelerator. Sheikh is a longtime silicon chip technologist with an IT career that includes a 24-year stint at Intel where he was responsible for leading silicon engineering and productization. He was hired last month as vice president of global silicon chip technology and manufacturing at Google Cloud. o § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Apple_to_pay_$95_million_to_settle_lawsuit accusing_Siri_of_eavesdropping⠀⇛ Apple has agreed to pay $95 million to settle a lawsuit filed in California accusing the tech brand of using its virtual assistant Siri to eavesdrop on owners of its iPhones and other devices. The lawsuit alleges that recorded conversations were shared with advertisers to better target consumers despite the company's claims of championing user privacy. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Apple_will_pay_$95M_to_settle_privacy lawsuit_over_unintentional_Siri_activations⠀⇛ Apple Inc. has agreed to pay $95 million to settle a privacy lawsuit filed over its Siri voice assistant, Reuters reported today. The company filed the proposed settlement late Tuesday with the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, which is overseeing the case. # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Gulf_of_Guinea_navies_turn_to_drones for_surveillance⠀⇛ Coastal countries in Africa face a variety of maritime threats. These include trafficking; illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing; illegal immigration; and piracy. But countries often lack the resources to monitor and protect their maritime domains. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_slaps_sanctions_on_US_firms_over Taiwan_arms_sales⠀⇛ It is the second round of measures against American companies over the issue in less than a week. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Malaysian_police_investigating_death_of six-year-old_girl_caused_by_folding_table⠀⇛ The victim was found by her eldest brother. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Singaporean_woman,_Malaysian_nabbed_for alleged_drug_offences_in_Johor_midnight_chase⠀⇛ A high-speed chase took place on the Iskandar Coastal Highway and the Second Link Expressway. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Gaza_Cease-Fire_Before_Trump’s Inauguration_Looks_Unlikely⠀⇛ Despite a recent Biden administration push, talks between Israel and Hamas to end the war appear not to have made significant progress, according to officials familiar with the discussions, as Israeli airstrikes have continued. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Report_shows_thousands_of_Israeli_soldiers stopped_serving_in_combat_roles⠀⇛ The Israeli defence minister has threatened more strikes on Gaza if Hamas does not stop firing rockets at Israel. This comes as the IDF published a report about the health and well being of its soldiers in the year and three months since the war began. FRANCE 24’s Noga Tarnopolsky in Jerusalem explains. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Israel_threatens_to_step_up_Gaza_strikes⠀⇛ Israel warned Wednesday that it will intensify its strikes in Gaza if Hamas keeps up its rocket fire, as Palestinian rescuers reported dozens of deaths from Israeli strikes on the first day of the New Year. Over the past week, Palestinian militants have repeatedly fired rockets at Israel, particularly from northern Gaza, where the Israeli military is conducting a major offensive. FRANCE 24’s Noga Tarnopolsky reports from Jerusalem. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Gaza_police_chief_among_at_least_43_killed_in Israeli_air_strikes⠀⇛ Israeli air strikes on Thursday killed at least 43 people across the Gaza Strip including Mahmoud Salah, the director general of Gaza's police department, Gaza's interior ministry said. Salah was in the Al-Mawasi district, a humanitarian zone for civilians, when he was killed. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea’s_leadership_crisis explained⠀⇛ President Yoon Suk Yeol’s has been banned from leaving the country. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ South_Korean_President’s_Supporters_Camp Out_Near_His_Home⠀⇛ For days, thousands have been outside the house in central Seoul, trying to shield President Yoon Suk Yeol. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Facing_unprecedented_arrest_over martial_law,_South_Korea’s_Yoon_vows_to_‘fight_till_the end’⠀⇛ The opposition Democratic Party said Yoon was delusional and remains committed to his "insurrection". # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Asian_Insider:_Three_presidents_in_one month_in_South_Korea_|_Why_the_US_media_struggles_to_cover Trump⠀⇛ Asian Insider brings you insights into a fast- changing region from our network of correspondents and commentators. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_investigators_fail_to execute_arrest_warrant_for_President_Yoon⠀⇛ He is under criminal investigation for his short- lived martial law attempt on Dec 3. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Rival_South_Korea_camps_face_off_as_president holds_out⠀⇛ Impeached South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol remained defiantly inside his residence resisting arrest for a third day on Thursday, after vowing to "fight" authorities seeking to question him over his failed martial law bid. The embattled leader issued the bungled declaration on December 3 that led to his impeachment and has left him facing arrest, imprisonment or, at worst, the death penalty. # ⚓ France24 ☛ South_Korea_investigators_move_to_arrest impeached_president_Yoon⠀⇛ South Korean investigators on Thursday sought to execute a warrant for President Yoon Suk Yeol over his botched attempt at declaring martial law which led to his impeachment. Officers at the Corruption Investigation Office (CIO) and police were seen entering Yoon's residence, where the suspended leader has been holed up, vowing to "fight" the warrant his legal team has called "unlawful and invalid". # ⚓ Sister_of_North_Korea’s_Kim_spotted_with_children_believed to_be_hers⠀⇛ If confirmed, this would mark the first time Kim Yo Jong has publicly shown her two children. # ⚓ China’s_‘monster’_ship_arrives_at_Scarborough_Shoal⠀⇛ The world's largest coast guard ship arrived at the disputed area as China's navy holds drills to exert air control # ⚓ Taipei_hits_back_over_Chinese_military’s_New_Year propaganda_video⠀⇛ Video featuring Hong Kong’s Andy Lau shows China ‘ready to fight any time’ to annex Taiwan. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China_‘mourns’_those_killed_in_New Orleans_attack,_says_it_opposes_‘terrorist_acts_targeting civilians’⠀⇛ China said Thursday it was “shocked” by the car- ramming attack in the southern US city of New Orleans that killed at least 15 people and wounded dozens. “We mourn the victims, and express our sympathy to their families and those injured,” foreign affairs spokeswoman Mao Ning told a regular press conference. # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ The_US_and_Chinese_defence_industrial_bases in_an_era_of_great_power_competition⠀⇛ The Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has published a report about the recent evolution of China’s defence industrial base and how it compares to America’s. The authors, Seth G Jones, Senior Vice President and Alexander Palmer, Associate Fellow, state with no ambiguity that China is currently outpacing the US Defence Industrial Base. # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Editors’_picks_for_2024:_‘Military challenges_to_Beijing’s_South_China_Sea_claims_are increasing’⠀⇛ Originally published on 22 October 2024. Deployments of ships and aircraft to challenge China’s illegal claims in the South China Sea are increasing. European ships are appearing more often, while Asia-Pacific countries are increasingly conducting ... # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ China’s_big_new_combat_aircraft:_an airborne_cruiser_against_air_and_surface_targets⠀⇛ The speed, agility, range and stealth of an individual aircraft type are still important, but they’re no longer the whole story of air combat. Advances in sensing, processing and communications are changing military operations. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ A_mercenary_client_collapses⠀⇛ Host Alia Brahimi sits down with acclaimed author and former CIA analyst, David McCloskey, to discuss the spectacular collapse of a major mercenary client in Syria. # ⚓ Site36 ☛ Armed_drones_in_Rojava:_Activists_support_Kurdish units_with_donations_for_unmanned_systems⠀⇛ For a long time, the Turkish military held air supremacy in Kurdistan with drones. However, more and more systems are being shot down. Now Kurdish militias are arming themselves. # ⚓ Site36 ☛ At_least_ten_deaths_after_police_used_Taser_in Germany:_Introduction_in_further_federal_states_to_come⠀⇛ Five German states are using ‘distance electro- pulse devices’ in patrol duty, with more to follow. The Federal Police are also trialling their introduction in Berlin. In Germany, the police have been using Tasers since the turn of the millennium, but until a few years ago they were deployed almost exclusively by special units. > # ⚓ Site36 ☛ German_police_kill_excavator_driver_after_rampage; 2024_now_peak_of_police_fatal_shootings_since_1976⠀⇛ A man used an excavator to destroy a construction company’s fleet of vehicles plus some police cars. The victim is said to have worked for the company in question. Police in the German town of Tauberbischofsheim shot and killed an excavator driver on New Year’s Eve afternoon. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Police_in_Russia’s_Far_East_detain_club staff_over_alleged_events_featuring_‘transgender performers_from_Thailand’_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_authorities_launch_‘rehabilitating Nazism’_case_over_children_throwing_snow_at_eternal flame_monument_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘This_must_be_a_terrible_mistake’:_Russia doesn’t_have_enough_doctors_—_but_that_hasn’t_stopped the_authorities_from_arresting_physicians_on_dubious charges_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Russia_is_making_a_fragile_pivot from_Syria_to_Libya._The_West_should_beware_falling into_a_new_trap.⠀⇛ Moscow’s rising influence over the Haftar family’s operations underscores its role as a key arbiter of its survival as a political dynasty. By controlling critical military assets and logistical networks, Russia wields significant leverage over the LNA’s future. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Debate_Over_U.S._Sanctions_on_Russia For_Ukraine_War_Intensifies⠀⇛ The president-elect has said he will use sanctions sparingly while vowing to end the war in Ukraine, renewing questions over their efficacy. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_officials_say_Kerch_Strait_spill_is world’s_first_accident_involving_‘heavy’_fuel_oil_— Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ One_killed,_several_injured_in_Russian_drone strikes_on_Kyiv_region_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia_launches_72_drones_at_Ukraine_in overnight_attack_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Gazprom_ends_gas_transit_to_E.U._through Ukraine_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_Says_Ukraine_Is_Preparing_To Reestablish_Diplomatic_Ties_With_Syria⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said Kyiv is making preparations to reestablish ties with Syria after a diplomatic mission led by Foreign Minister Andriy Sybiha visited Damascus to meet with the Middle Eastern country's new leadership. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Thousands_In_Moldova's_Transdniester_Scramble For_Heat,_Hot_Water_After_Russian_Gas_Flow_Ends⠀⇛ Thousands of households in Moldova's breakaway region of Transdniester have been forced to cope without gas, heating, and hot water after supplies of Russian natural gas abruptly stopped on January 1 due to the expiration of a supply contract with Ukraine, a major transit hub for the gas. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Moldovan_Electricity_Provider_Says_Demand Will_Be_Met_On_Third_Day_After_Halt_In_Russian_Gas Supplies⠀⇛ Moldovan state-owned energy trader JSC Energocom says it will cover 100 percent of electricity consumption on January 3, two days after supplies of Russian natural gas abruptly stopped due to the expiration of a supply contract with Ukraine. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ The_most_difficult_year:_A_military_expert, a_political_scientist,_and_a_sociologist_weigh_in_on how_Russia’s_war_changed_Ukraine_in_2024_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_court_orders_Yandex_to_remove_maps and_photos_of_oil_refinery_due_to_Ukrainian_drone threat_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_Says_Trump_Could_Be_'Decisive'_In Ending_War⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said in a televised interview broadcast on January 2 that U.S. President-elect Donald Trump's "unpredictability" could help end the war with Russia. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Finland_Seeks_Seizure_Of_Oil_Tanker_Suspected Of_Damaging_Undersea_Cable⠀⇛ Finland's national power grid operator (Fingrid) is seeking the formal seizure of the oil tanker suspected of damaging an electric power cable in the Baltic Sea last month. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Moldovan_Electricity_Provider_Confident_It Can_Cover_Demand_On_Third_Day_After_Halt_In_Russian_Gas Supplies⠀⇛ Moldovan state-owned energy trader JSC Energocom says it will cover 100 percent of electricity consumption on January 3, two days after supplies of Russian natural gas abruptly stopped due to the expiration of a supply contract with Ukraine. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Lithuania_evacuates_and_restores_over_1,500_art valuables_from_Ukraine⠀⇛ More than 1,500 cultural and art valuables from Ukraine have been moved to Lithuania since the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion. Many of the pieces of art have been studied and restored, as well as exhibited by the Lithuanian National Museum of Art. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_report_finds_deteriorating_human_rights situation_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ The UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine (HRMMU) released a report on Tuesday highlighting Ukraine’s deteriorating human rights situation in the midst of Russia’s ongoing invasion. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Ukraine_becomes_125th_state_party_to_ICC Rome_Statute⠀⇛ Ukraine became the 125th state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) on Wednesday. With the ratification of the Rome Statute, Ukraine gains full participation rights within the ICC framework, which includes voting on budgetary matters and influencing decisions regarding amendments to the statute. # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Commercial_satellites_are_changing_the battlespace_and_the_balance_of_power⠀⇛ Ukraine has been scoring battlefield victories against Russia despite Russia having 10 times the GDP of the country it invaded. One of the reasons is simple, according to the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research’s (CSIR’s) chief Engineer for Radar and Technology and Innovation manager, Willie Nel: Ukraine has access to more satellites. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Missiles,_AI,_and_drone_swarms: Ukraine’s_2025_defense_tech_priorities⠀⇛ Ukrainian defense tech companies will be focusing on domestic missile production, drone swarms, and Hey Hi (AI) technologies in 2025 as Ukraine seeks to remain one step ahead of Russia in the race to innovate, writes Nataliia Kushnerska. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Lithuania_prioritizes_defense spending_amid_growing_Russian_threat⠀⇛ Lithuania's new government is planning to increase defense spending as the Baltic nation faces up to the growing threat posed by Putin's Russia amid uncertainty over the US role in European security, writes Agnia Grigas. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Climate_crisis:_2024_was_China’s hottest_year_on_record,_weather_agency_says⠀⇛ Last year was China’s warmest on record, its weather agency said, as the world experiences a surge in extreme weather fuelled by climate change. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Latvia ☛ airBaltic_likely_to_ask_for_more_public money,_says_official⠀⇛ An additional capital injection from the state is probably inevitable, wrote Klāvs Vasks, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of airBaltic, on Microsoft's Surveillance Arm LinkedIn January 2. # ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ Install_auxiliary_solar_panel_in custom_trike⠀⇛ Continuing the solar-assisted custom recumbent tadpole trike project, I am now at the stage of outfitting it for a proposed first tour. The previous blog post in this project, introducing the auxiliary solar panel: [...] # ⚓ New York Times ☛ What_Happened_to_Carter’s_White House_Solar_Panels?_They_Lived_On.⠀⇛ The panels, removed under Ronald Reagan, found new homes from Maine to China. And their legacy still reverberates. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Pet_dog_in_South_Korea_to_be rehomed_after_losing_nine_family_members_in_Jeju_Air crash⠀⇛ It was roaming the village, appearing to be searching for its missing owners. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ River_cruise_firm_gets_6-month ban_for_fireworks_despite_Seoul_request_to_cancel_after Jeju_tragedy⠀⇛ Hyundai Cruise went ahead with fireworks show, citing difficulty in cancelling a pre- booked event. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_extends_Boeing_737- 800_inspections_following_fatal_Jeju_Air_crash⠀⇛ The transport ministry will check the engines, maintenance records and landing gear on all 737-800s. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_to_lift_Jeju_Air plane_tail_after_fatal_crash⠀⇛ The tail section is pretty much the only section of the ill-fated aircraft intact. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korean_police_search_Jeju Air,_airport_operator_offices_over_fatal_plane_crash⠀⇛ All 175 passengers and four of six crew members were killed on Dec 29. # ⚓ BNN ☛ Lion_Electric_temporarily_reduces_workforce amid_CCAA_proceedings⠀⇛ Lion Electric announced Friday it’s temporarily laying off around 150 workers in Canada and the U.S., in the context of its ongoing proceedings under the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). The Montreal-based maker of electric buses and trucks says the latest round of layoffs affects all departments. In a press release, the company says that leaves around 160 workers, who will concentrate mainly on helping clients with the maintenance of school buses and trucks. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_taxi_driver_arrested after_3_die_in_New_Year’s_Day_crash⠀⇛ A Hong Kong taxi driver has been arrested after his vehicle collided with another car in the early hours of New Year’s Day, leaving three dead and four others injured. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_central_bank_hopes_to_hear_from crypto_companies⠀⇛ The Latvian central bank, Latvijas Banka, said January 2 it is now accepting applications for the new EU MiCA licence. The Regulation on Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA), establishes a single EU-level legal framework for the crypto industry as part of efforts to improve its often questionable reputation, and applies EU-wide as of 30 December 2024. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Xi_Jinping’s_talk_of_‘rainbows’_belies_simmering_public anger_over_China’s_economy⠀⇛ Claims of economic recovery, concern for the struggles of ordinary Chinese mask ongoing uncertainty and hardship. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Legal_cases_loom_over_Philippines’ allegedly_unconstitutional_2025_budget⠀⇛ Civil society groups decry cuts in health and education allocations in the new budget. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_redevelopment_body_signs HK$13_billion_bank_loan_amid_deficit⠀⇛ Hong Kong’s cash-strapped urban renewal body has secured a HK$13 billion bank loan to fund its redevelopment projects. The Urban Renewal Authority (URA) on Thursday said it had signed a loan agreement amounting to HK$13 billion with a consortium of 13 banks, “whose collective support underscores the robustness and credibility of the URA’s financial framework.” # ⚓ Yacht_company_layoffs_to_continue_until_late_January⠀⇛ A luxury yacht company has said 91 of its employees will continue to be laid off until 27 January. Sunseeker announced in December that "restrictions in its supply chain" meant some staff would be temporarily laid off. Both Unite the Union and Poole MP Neil Duncan- Jordan heavily criticised the move when it was first announced. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China’s_2024_GDP_growth_set_to_hit target_of_around_5%:_Pooh-tin_Jinping⠀⇛ The Chinese President signalled that support for the economy will continue into 2025. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Trouble_in_Chinese_shopping_paradise_as Hainan’s_duty-free_spending_falls_29%⠀⇛ The 2024 slump bodes ill for plans to turn the entire island into a duty-free shopping zone in 2025. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ MWL ☛ 71:_The_Great_State_of_Soviet_Texas⠀⇛ I took the last week off, so here’s a bit of Drinking Heavy Water. The Great State of Soviet Texas was designed from the dirt up so that nobody would hate their work. Unique among Earth’s four hundred and eighty-one nations, the Texas Datacore existed to optimize the health, happiness, and liberties of Soviet citizens. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Tortoise_reports_falling_turnover_but reduced_losses_after_2023_cutbacks⠀⇛ 'Slow news' publisher shifts commercial focus towards sponsored business roundtable events. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ China_places_new_restrictions_on_Tibetan_students_during winter_school_break⠀⇛ They are banned from Tibetan-language tutoring and from participating in religious activities. # ⚓ Off Guardian ☛ Technocracy_Ascending-Part_2:_Trust_Me,_I’m a_Technocrat⠀⇛ Part 1 of this series detailed a brief history of the movement started by Technocracy Inc. in the 1930s to completely transform North America into a scientific dictatorship. Their vision of a technocratic regime required all industry, resources, and governance be managed by scientists, engineers, and technicians. # ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ Minnesota_abortion_numbers_rose in_2023,_driven_by_out-of-state_recipients⠀⇛ The number of induced abortions performed in Minnesota continued to increase in 2023, according to year-end data from the state’s Health Department released this week. In a report to the state Legislature, the Minnesota Department of Health said there were 14,124 abortions in Minnesota in 2023, an increase of almost 16% over 2022. blockquote> # ⚓ LRT ☛ Key_changes_in_Lithuania_–_from_health_checks_to travel_restrictions⠀⇛ Here are some of key changes that came into effect in Lithuania on January 1, 2025. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Three_serious_fireworks_injuries_this_New_Year's Eve_in_Latvia⠀⇛ New Year's Eve was busy for medics and firefighters. Three people were seriously injured by fireworks, while on Wednesday, January 1, morning, a seven-storey house in Rīga was on fire, Latvian Radio and Latvian Television reported. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Lack_of_public_housing_top_concern for_underprivileged_Hong_Kong_children_for_15_years,_NGOs say⠀⇛ Hong Kong’s underprivileged children have ranked a lack of public housing as their top concern that required government support for 15 years in a row, two NGOs have said. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Aramis_IP_team_moves_to_Jeantet [Ed: Is this news or yet more marketing chaff from JUVE, basically a marketing front for a rogue industry of bullies and people who break the law?]⠀⇛ The eight-strong IP team led by Benjamin May moved to Jeantet as of 1 January 2025. May was part of Aramis‘ founding team almost 20 years ago. He is known for patent monopoly litigation across a broad technical spectrum ranging from software through pharma to medical devices. o § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ Precedential_No._30:_Illustration_of_Block Puzzle_Merely_Descriptive_of_Computer_Game_Software,_Says TTAB⠀⇛ In this doubly rare case - a Section 2(e)(1) opposition involving an illustration of the goods - the Board found the proposed mark shown below to be merely descriptive of computer game software. " [C]onsumers who know that Applicant’s product is a block puzzle game will understand the mark to immediately convey information about it; that is, that the product is a downloadable and/or mobile computer block puzzle game as described in Applicant’s identification of goods." o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Anthropic_Agrees_to_Maintain_Copyright ‘Guardrails’_In_Concession_to_Music_Publishers_In_Late-Year Legal_Agreement⠀⇛ Anthropic must maintain guardrails to prevent future Hey Hi (AI) tools from producing infringing material from copyrighted content. This stipulation partially resolves the music publishers’ preliminary injunction motion filed in the Northern District of California. Eight music publishers sued Anthropic in October 2023 and sought an injunction in August 2024. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Avenged_Sevenfold’s_M._Shadows_Says It’s_‘Incredibly_Hard’_to_Make_Money_On_Tour_Now⠀⇛ Avenged Sevenfold frontman M. Shadows talks about post-pandemic touring and increased travel expenses — “It’s almost impossible.” Avenged Sevenfold frontman M. Shadows spoke with English music YouTuber Bradley Hall about the realities of putting on a tour in the post-pandemic landscape. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3177 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 04/01/2025: Glastonbury Misinformation, Arrestgate in South Korea⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Variety_of_fauna_at_Werribee_Park,_Victoria,_Australia⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Trademarks # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Scratch_That:_Neil_Young_Says_He’s_Playing Glastonbury_After_All⠀⇛ Neil Young and his band The Chrome Hearts will play Glastonbury 2025 after all, the singer says. He took a public stance against Glastonbury earlier this week, calling it a “corporate turn-off.” Now he’s walked the statement back. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Harish Pillay ☛ It_is_all_about_the_CPU!⠀⇛ We need to revisit the disparate CPUs, NPUs, GPUs, TPUs that we see today. The answer, I will posit, is to get RISC-V RVA23 to become the baseline from edge to the centre and out to space. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Off Guardian ☛ The_Glaring_Hypocrisy_and_Embedded Deceptions_of_the_Global_Food_Giants⠀⇛ Bryce Martinez (18) from Pennsylvania is mounting a legal challenge against major food companies, alleging that their ultra-processed foods (UPFs) led to his development of Type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease at the age of 16. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Guantánamo_Convict_Sues_to_Stop_U.S._Plan to_Send_Him_to_Prison_in_Iraq⠀⇛ A court filing said the prisoner was at risk for abuse and might not be able to get adequate health care if transferred. # ⚓ Did_Syria_fire_all_female_judges_after_Bashar_al-Assad’s fall?⠀⇛ Verdict: Lack of evidence # ⚓ France24 ☛ Top_European_diplomats_urge_inclusive_transition in_Syria_visit⠀⇛ The foreign ministers of Germany and France re the first ministers from the EU to visit Syria since rebels seized control of Damascus on Dec. 8 and forced President Bashar al-Assad to flee after more than 13 years of civil war and ending his family's 5 decade-long rule. Jean-Noel Barrot expressed his hope "for a sovereign, stable and peaceful Syria" # ⚓ France24 ☛ European_Union_leaders_seeks_path_to_rebuild ties_with_Syria⠀⇛ The top diplomats from Germany and France were in Syria on Friday to send what the German minister called a clear signal that Europe and Syria can have a “political new beginning" after Islamist insurgents ousted Bashar Assad. For more, FRANCE 24's international affairs commentator, Douglas Herbert. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Syria_restricts_entry_for_Lebanese_citizens, security_sources_say⠀⇛ Syria has restricted entry for Lebanese citizens, two security sources from Lebanon said on Friday, after Lebanese soldiers and armed Syrians clashed over the closure of a border crossing. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Chad:_Regional_security_is_a_key_concern_of voters_in_the_election⠀⇛ Chad's President has set January 31st as the deadline for the complete withdrawal of french troops from the country. In November Djamena gave the soldiers just 6 weeks to leave after abrubtly ending the military cooperation between the nations. Some Chadian are worried about how the exit of French troops will impact the pushback to a regional security crisis. The issue was a key concern of voters in the weekend's election. Harold Girard and Ghislain Allahtaroum has more. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_expert_warns_gang_attacks_threaten_Haiti healthcare_system⠀⇛ UN Designated Expert on Human Rights in Haiti William O’Neill warned Friday that armed gangs are systematically targeting the country’s healthcare system and called for the protection of Haitians’ access to health services. According to O’Neill’s assessment, only 37 percent of health facilities in Port-au-Prince remain fully functional, with access severely limited by security concerns. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_stand-off:_Who_are_the guards_blocking_President_Yoon’s_arrest?⠀⇛ The Presidential Security Service is South Korea’s equivalent of the US Secret Service. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Recap:_South_Korean_authorities_suspend attempt_to_arrest_President_Yoon⠀⇛ They were blocked by military unit inside presidential residence after being let through heavy security barricades. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ South_Korea’s_Dueling_Protests⠀⇛ A standoff between the impeached president’s security team and officials seeking to detain him was echoed on the streets outside the presidential residence. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Beijing_slams_US_over_potential_Chinese drone_ban⠀⇛ It accused Washington of "generalising the concept of national security". # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Philippines’_Marcos_drops_estranged_V- P_Sara_Duterte_from_security_council⠀⇛ The changes have also excluded former presidents from council membership. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ The_art_of_Poland’s_diplomacy⠀⇛ The country at the helm of the European Union for the next six months makes youthful creativity a key part of its focus on regional security. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy:_Ukraine_Elections_Possible_This Year_If_Martial_Law_Ends⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said presidential and parliamentary elections could happen this year if negotiations bring an end to the "hot phase" of the war with Russia, allowing for the lifting of martial law. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Moldovans_Facing_Gas_Shortages_Are_Chopping Wood_To_Get_Through_Winter⠀⇛ Some Moldovans are scrambling to find ways to heat their homes days after gas supplies from Russia were abruptly stopped. As of January 1, Ukraine refused to transit Russian gas, leaving the breakaway Transdniester region and some nearby Moldovan villages cut off. RFE/RL spoke to locals who are now firing up wood stoves, burning biomass, and hoarding gas cylinders. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Polish_Farmers_Protest_EU_Policies_As_Warsaw Assumes_Bloc's_Rotating_Presidency⠀⇛ Polish farmers marched in central Warsaw on January 3 to voice their opposition to European Union policies toward imports from Ukraine ahead of a gala to mark Poland taking the rotating EU presidency. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russia_Launches_Drone_Attack_Against_Multiple Regions_Of_Ukraine⠀⇛ Russian troops attacked Ukraine with a barrage of strike drones late on January 3, including the north central regions of Zhytomyr and Kyiv far from the front line, the Air Force Command reported. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Slovakia_threatens_to_cut_aid_for_Ukraine refugees_amid_gas_transit_dispute⠀⇛ Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico issued a warning on Friday regarding potential reductions in financial aid for Ukrainian refugees currently residing in Slovakia. The warning followed Ukraine’s recent decision to halt the transit of Russian natural gas through its territory, a move Slovakia views as economically detrimental. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Do_Russian_media_operating_in_Latvia_make any_difference?⠀⇛ The editorial offices of Russian independent media have been working in Rīga for more than two years, reporting on the war in Ukraine from a perspective that would put them in prison in Russia. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Ukraine_Can_Expect_Further_U.S._Aid_Offers Before_Biden_Leaves_Office,_White_House_Says⠀⇛ Ukraine can expect more announcements in coming days about additional U.S. security assistance, a White House spokesman said as President Joe Biden’s term in office winds down. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Slovak_prime_minister_threatens_to_cut support_for_Ukrainian_refugees_after_Kyiv_halts_gas transit_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Breaking_the_chain_What_the_end_of_decades- long_Russian_gas_transit_through_Ukraine_means_for Moscow,_Kyiv,_and_Europe_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Headlines_from_an_alternate_reality_A roundup_of_fake_news_stories_about_Ukraine_Russian propagandists_created_and_amplified_in_2024_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Oil_slick_from_Russian_tanker_spill reaches_Crimea⠀⇛ Oil from two Russian tankers, which sank and ran aground in the Kerch Strait after a storm in December, has spread 250 kilometres to reach the coast of Sevastopol in Crimea, Moscow-installed officials said on Friday. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Finland_court_denies_release_of_oil_tanker suspected_in_Baltic_Sea_cable_damage⠀⇛ A Finnish court denied on Friday the release of the oil tanker Eagle S, which was suspected of damaging undersea cables and a power line in the Baltic Sea. The Finnish authorities are also investigating potential sanctions violations involving its Russian oil cargo. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Court_in_Lithuania_to_look_into_Russian_ice skater’s_citizenship_appeal⠀⇛ The Constitutional Court will look into whether the laws under which Russian-born ice dancer Margarita Drobiazko was stripped of her Lithuanian citizenship are in line with the constitution. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Finland_upholds_seizure_of_potential_Russian ‘shadow_fleet’_tanker_suspected_of_damaging_undersea cables_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ A_glimpse_of_home:_Many_of_Meduza’s_readers are_in_exile._We_asked_those_in_Russia_to_grant_their holiday_wishes_by_sending_photos_of_the_places_they miss._—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Three_weeks_with_no_Latvia-Belarus_border crossers_detected⠀⇛ No migrants have been detected trying to cross the Latvian-Belarusian border illegally in Latgale for almost a month, the State Border Guard (VRS) told LETA on January 2. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Rīga_wants_to_ban_Moscow-time_New_Year fireworks⠀⇛ This year, as every year, a lot of fireworks started at 23:00, when the New Year begins in Moscow. Some people report these to the police, but it is difficult to prove who did it and whether the aim was to glorify the aggressor state. To change this, the capital is proposing a complete ban on fireworks at 23:00, Latvian Television reported January 2. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ American Oversight ☛ American_Oversight_Sues_Intelligence Agency_for_Records_About_Trump_Nominee_Kash_Patel⠀⇛ The lawsuit and motion for preliminary injunction seeks records from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence that could shed light on whether and to what extent Patel was involved in efforts to politicize and abuse the intelligence agency. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Diplo_Revenge_Porn_Case_Takes_a_New Twist_As_Judge_Rules_‘Jane_Doe’_Must_Reveal_Her_Identity⠀⇛ Diplo’s revenge porn accuser fears harassment if her name is disclosed, but a federal judge rules she must reveal her identity. The woman accusing Diplo of sharing revenge porn against her wishes to remain anonymous, having filed her civil lawsuit against the DJ as a Jane Doe. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ How_the_government_ought_to about_critical_minerals_security⠀⇛ "The lithium, the cobalt, the nickel. Those we need for electric vehicles and clean energy technologies," said Gracelin Baskaran. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Biden’s_blocked_US_Steel_deal carries_big_risks._Here_are_the_top_three.⠀⇛ On January 3, the US president blocked Nippon Steel’s proposed acquisition of the US company on national security grounds. It could have important consequences in the years ahead. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Biden_blocks_$14.9_billion_US-Japan_steel deal_over_national_security_concerns⠀⇛ US President Joe Biden on Friday blocked the sale of US Steel to Japan's Nippon Steel, citing concerns that the deal could threaten national security and industrial supply chains. The companies said that the move was a "clear violation of due process and the law" in a joint statement. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Biden_Blocks_Takeover_Bid_of_U.S. Steel_by_Japan’s_Nippon⠀⇛ The president said he was moving to protect national security in deciding the fate of the iconic Pennsylvania-based company, which became a contentious political issue in an election year. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Biden_blocks_Nippon_bid_to_buy_US_Steel_over national_security_concerns⠀⇛ US President Joe Biden decided on Friday to block Japanese company Nippon Steel Corporation’s bid to purchase US Steel, citing national security concerns. The president emphasized the necessity of maintaining American ownership of companies to ensure the industry’s growth and protect national economic interests. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ The_role_of_Africa’s_Great_Lakes_and oceans_in_revitalizing_South_Africa’s_economy⠀⇛ South Africa faces a crisis of unemployment exacerbated by a stagnating economy that in turn is lowering the tax base and harming the country’s ability to meet its expenses – and pay social grants. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Bryan Lunduke ☛ H-1B_Visa_in_Tech:_Good_Idea_or_Bad_Idea?⠀⇛ Elon Musk is for the H-1B visa. But is it a good thing for the Software Industry? o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Second_Circuit_revives_free_speech_challenge_to New_York_anti-discrimination_labor_law⠀⇛ The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit on Thursday remitted to reconsideration a lawsuit challenging a provision of New York’s Labor Law as violations of the rights to free speech and religion of a crisis pregnancy center. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Year_in_Review:_15_times_Hong_Kong made_int’l_headlines_in_2024⠀⇛ Hong Kong made the news on several occasions in 2024 whether for passing new security legislation, censorship laws, or the mystery surrounding the deaths of several monkeys at a city-centre zoo. HKFP rounds up 15 headline-making moments from the last 12 months. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Palestinian_Authority_suspends_Qatari_channel_Al Jazeera_in_West_Bank⠀⇛ Al Jazeera has condemned the Palestinian Authority's decision to suspend it in the occupied West Bank and shut down its bureau in Ramallah. On New Year's Day, the culture, interior and communications ministers jointly made the decision accusing Al Jazeera of broadcasting material that was "deceiving and stirring strife". The move came after the PA criticised the network over its coverage of an ongoing standoff between Palestinian security forces and militant fighters in the Jenin refugee camp. # ⚓ France24 ☛ In_the_West_Bank,_Palestinian_Authority_clashes with_militant_groups_and_suspends_Al_Jazeera⠀⇛ The decision by the Palestinian Authority to suspend Al Jazeera broadcasts on Wednesday has put violent clashes between Palestinian security forces and local armed groups in Jenin, a city in the northern occupied West Bank, in the spotlight. Analysts say the decision is a way for the Palestinian Authority to score a win ahead of Donald Trump’s presidency and position itself to control a post-war Gaza. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ MP_wins_complaint_against_Birmingham_Live over_UK’s_‘grimmest_village’_article⠀⇛ MP Gavin Williamson previously complained to press regulator IPSO over similar Mail Online article. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Israel_court_annuls_key_component_of_controversial police_law⠀⇛ Israel’s High Court of Justice on Thursday struck down a key component of a controversial 2022 law passed at the behest of National Security Minister Itamar Ben Gvir. The court annulled a provision that granted the minister increased powers over police investigative practices. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_experts_urge_respect_for_human_rights_ahead_of Venezuela_presidential_inauguration⠀⇛ An independent UN mission on Thursday urged Venezuelan authorities to respect the rights to life, liberty and personal security of all Venezuelans. The mission also demanded the release of all arbitrarily detained individuals ahead of President Nicolás Maduro’s inauguration to another term on January 10.   # ⚓ EXPLAINED:_Why_is_an_internet-famous_Vietnamese_monk_on_a trek_to_India?⠀⇛ Thich Minh Tue, whose fame drew the apparent ire of authorities, is on 2,700-kilometer barefoot pilgrimage. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_appeals_court_overturns_FCC_decision reinstating_net_neutrality_rules⠀⇛ The US Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ruled Thursday that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) did not have legal authority when it reinstated net neutrality rules last May, striking a blow to President Joe Biden’s telecommunications policy. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ TTABlog_Quarterly_Index:_October_-_December 2024⠀⇛ E-mail subscriptions to the TTABlog are available. Just enter your e-mail address in the box on the right to receive a daily update via Feedblitz. Please report any broken or inoperative links, as well as any errors and omissions, to the TTABlogger at jwelch at wolfgreenfield.com. o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Discovery_Delays_Surface_in_Music Publishers’_NBA_Infringement_Suits_—_As_Intensifying_TuneSat Sub-Dispute_Takes_Center_Stage⠀⇛ Music publishers’ infringement litigation against more than a dozen NBA teams is still in full swing – though discovery delays appear likely to push the involved showdowns back by multiple months at a minimum. Technically, those showdowns are separate; publishers including but not limited to Kobalt levied the underlying copyright monopoly complaints last summer. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3836 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 04/01/2025: Social Control Media Deemed Very Unhealthy, Nick Clegg Leaves Zuckerberg's Influence Operations⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 04, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Abandoned_indoor_playground⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Applications o Science o Career/Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Games # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Chris O'Donnnell ☛ Revisiting_my_Music_Collection⠀⇛ There are 293 top level folders in my Music folder on my desktop PC. That represents 293 different artists. Many of them have not been played in years. Over the course of however many months this takes, or until I get distracted and completely forget about this exercise (the more likely outcome), I'm going to revisit these lost gems to determine if they should be getting more love from my MP3 player, or if they are being ignored for good reason. One issue I'm not sure about is how to organize this effort. I do not want to do one artist per post, as that'll create too many individual posts. I could just edit this post and change the date, which I think will put it back in the RSS feed as new. Would that be annoying? o ⚓ John J Hoare ☛ While_We_Have_Still_Got_Some_Insanity_Left⠀⇛ Website stats are funny old things. For a start, it’s become deeply unfashionable to actually care about them. “Write for yourself, not for others”, people cry, myself included. This is, on the face of it, an entirely reasonable attitude… but I have to admit that these days, I really want people to read my stuff. So much of my writing relies on other people helping me with my research, and the more people who read my work, the better and more widespread that research gets. o ⚓ Tracy Durnell ☛ Questioning_collections:_the_emotional_weight_of uncollecting_(Part_2)⠀⇛ In America we have a love-hate relationship with our stuff. We covet new stuff even as we discard the old. I’ve recognized this year just how much cruft I’ve accumulated in the past decade in this house. There’s an inertia to ownership — getting rid of stuff can be a lot of emotional and physical labor (even giving stuff away!). I want to learn how to let go of possessions better, but the emotional attachment can be hard to break. o ⚓ The Scotsman ☛ Donald_Trump_to_be_sentenced_in_hush_money_case next_week⠀⇛ Judge Juan M Merchan, who presided over Trump’s trial, signalled in a written decision that he would sentence the former and future president to what is known as a conditional discharge, in which a case gets dismissed if a defendant avoids re-arrest. o ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ Neil_Young_Reverses_Himself,_Agrees_to_Headline Glastonbury⠀⇛ “Due to an error in the information received, I had decided to not play the Glastonbury festival,” Young wrote on the Neil Young Archives, “which I have always loved. Happily, the festival is back on our itinerary and we look forward to playing! Hope to see there there!” o ⚓ The Independent UK ☛ Neil_Young_to_play_Glastonbury_2025_after singer_backtracks_on_festival_criticism⠀⇛ Young, 79, had accused Glastonbury of being under the “corporate control” of the broadcaster – but has now said in a statement: “Due to an error in the information received, I had decided to not play the Glastonbury Festival, which I always have loved. Happily, the festival is now back on our itinerary and we look forward to playing! Hope to see you there!” o ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ Neil_Young_confirms_he_will_headline Glastonbury_after_‘error_in_information’_prompted_him_to_pull_out⠀⇛ Neil Young has confirmed that he will headline this year’s Glastonbury festival, clarifying on his blog that he had received “an error in information” that had initially prompted him to pull out. o ⚓ Variety ☛ Neil_Young_Will_Play_Glastonbury,_Blames_'Error_in Information'⠀⇛ Neil Young has walked back his decision to boycott this year’s Glastonbury Festival. o ⚓ The Scotsman ☛ Neil_Young_turns_down_Glastonbury_Festival_due_to BBC's_'corporate_control'⠀⇛ The Canadian-born singer-songwriter, 79, who headlined the festival in 2009, said he and his band were told to "do a lot of things" they were not interested in, in a post to his website. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ The_Ultimate_Distraction_Free_Writing Environment⠀⇛ The art of writing has become a cluttered one to follow, typically these days through a graphical word processor. There may be a virtual page in front of you, but it’s encumbered by much UI annoyance. To combat this a variety of distraction free software and appliances have been created over the years. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Scientists_Trace_Fast_Radio_Burst_to Surprise_Source_For_First_Time⠀⇛ Mind blowing. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ US_Is_Dealing_With_Troubling_Surge_in Norovirus_Cases,_CDC_Reports⠀⇛ Here's how to protect yourself from 'stomach flu'. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Hundreds_of_Dinosaur_Footprints_Unearthed in_Record_UK_Discovery⠀⇛ Surreal. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Massive_Space_Debris_Crash-Lands_in_Kenyan Village⠀⇛ Weighing over 1,000 pounds. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Massive_'Grand_Design'_Spiral_Galaxy_Found Just_a_Billion_Years_After_Big_Bang⠀⇛ It's truly incredible. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Microplastics_Suspected_to_Cause_Fertility, Gut,_And_Lung_Issues,_Warns_New_Review⠀⇛ We need clinical studies. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ An_Expert_Explains_Why_Some_People's_Hair And_Nails_Grow_Faster⠀⇛ Not everything you hear is true. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ New_Theory_Solves_Paradox_of_Schrödinger's Cat_by_Claiming_We're_in_a_Multiverse⠀⇛ Not so confusing after all? # ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ First_medieval_female_burial_with_weapons discovered_in_Hungary⠀⇛ Certain physical activities, if repeated on a daily basis, may lead to changes in bone morphology. This includes practicing with weapons or horse riding. Additionally, warriors are often likely to experience physical trauma due to warfare or other conflict. However, it is important to consider these changes may also result from a non-warrior lifestyle. Therefore, it is prudent not to jump to conclusions simply because one finds weapons within a burial. Multiple lines of evidence are needed to substantiate these claims. # ⚓ [Old] Claude Heiland-Allen ☛ Deep_zoom_theory_and_practice ::_mathr⠀⇛ The complex beauty of the world's most famous fractal, the Mandelbrot set, emerges from the repeated iteration of a simple formula: \[z \to z^2 + c\] Zooming into the intricate boundary of the shape reveals ever more detail, but one needs higher precision numbers and higher iteration counts as you go deeper. The computational cost rises quickly with the classical rendering algorithms which use high precision numbers for each pixel. # ⚓ Wired ☛ How_to_Watch_the_Spectacular_Quadrantids_Meteor Shower_Tonight⠀⇛ The first shower of the year is the Quadrantids, which peaks overnight on January 2–3 but will be visible until mid-January. The Quadrantids is just one of nine major meteor showers that will grace skies in 2025, and details of when they will appear in the northern hemisphere are listed below—so mark your calendar for these. # ⚓ Wired ☛ Transforming_the_Moon_Into_Humanity’s_First_Space Hub⠀⇛ Supporting Artemis’ mission is the Lunar Gateway, a space station that will orbit the moon and serve as a key logistics hub for missions to the lunar surface. In 2025, Nasa will make significant progress on the Gateway by launching and assembling its first modules, including those that will provide power, propulsion, and living quarters for astronauts. The Gateway will be crucial for making long-term lunar exploration possible. o § Career/Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Stephen Kell ☛ Rambles_around_computer_science⠀⇛ I've found myself using “serious” as a mental shorthand for what I recognise as “things done right” in an academic department, which in my case means computer science (CS) departments. I thought it would be interesting to make a list of these things, so here it is. They are somewhat subjective. Also, they are a function not only of organisational maturity and wisdom, but also of wealth and privilege. My current and past departments' achievement of them has been patchy. Failing at some selection of the below is not a terrible indictment of a department. But failing at many or most would be a bad sign, to my mind. There is pretty wide variation in seriousness from one department to another. Of the various departments in which I've worked, the Computer Laboratory in Cambridge (and I use that version of its name deliberately) is the most serious. I could, perhaps validly, be accused of over-fitting my ideals to it. However, it definitely doesn't manage all of the following. # ⚓ Ness Labs ☛ A_Year_of_Curiosity_-_Ness_Labs⠀⇛ Recent research shows that curiosity does more than help us learn – it makes us better at solving problems, connecting with others, and adapting to change. It suggests that nurturing your curiosity might be one of the most effective investments you can make in yourself. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Why_does_Trump_want_to_dismantle_the Department_of_Education?⠀⇛ The Title I grant program, which helps schools serve children from low-income households, is one of the most recognizable examples. Schools use that money to bridge achievement gaps through initiatives such as extended school days, tutoring programs, and mental health support services. “Those extra dollars are crucial for districts of every political stripe – red or blue or purple,” Mr. Kim says. “It can’t be stressed enough how it’s really a backstop against the effects of poverty and other types of disadvantage.” o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ 555_Timers_Bring_Christmas_Charm_To_Miniature Village⠀⇛ The miniature Christmas village is a tradition in many families — a tiny idyllic world filled happy people, shops, and of course, snow. It’s common to see various miniature buildings for sale around the holidays just for this purpose, and since LEDs are small and cheap, they’ll almost always have some switch on the bottom to light up the windows. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Dress_Up_Your_3D_Prints_With_Toner-Transfer Labels⠀⇛ We’ve always found the various methods for adding text and graphics to 3D prints somewhat underwhelming. Embossed or debossed characters are fuzzy, at best, and multi-color printers always seem to bleed one color into the next. Still, the need for labels and logos is common enough that it’s worth exploring other methods, such as this easy toner transfer trick. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-23_[Older]_Allulose:_A_natural sweetener_that_lowers_glucose_levels?⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-12-26_[Older]_Cats_Can_Get Sick_With_Bird_Flu._Here's_How_to_Protect_Them⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Judge_orders_Trump_sentenced_on_Jan._10,_signals no_punishment_for_conviction⠀⇛ Judge Juan Merchan signaled he is inclined to impose no punishment for Trump’s 34-count felony conviction, given concerns about his immunity from criminal prosecution upon taking the oath of office. Merchan said an unconditional discharge “appears to be the most viable solution” and he would allow Trump to appear virtually. # ⚓ Rlang ☛ Revisiting_depression_incidence_by_county_and_vote for_Trump_by_@ellis2013nz⠀⇛ Just before Christmas I blogged about the positive correlation between depression incidence in US counties and their vote for Trump in the 2024 presidential election. In addition to my casual interest in the topic, I used it as a case study in multilevel modelling while adjusting for spatial correlation. I explicitly said that I didn’t think it likely that the depression-vote relationship was a causal link; I suspected that most likely, some underlying variable that caused depression was also related to voting behaviour. # ⚓ The Age AU ☛ Jet-skis_are_still_a_danger_at_Melbourne’s beaches⠀⇛ The current marine laws in the bay dictate that jet-skis must operate at least 200 metres out from the shoreline, and while travelling through the 200-metre zone they must slow to five knots. Jet- skis can be 300 horsepower and reach speeds of 100km/h. But as the weather heats up, hair-raising videos are circulating on social media of recent close encounters between swimmers and jet-ski users close to shore. # ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ As_a_child_psychiatrist,_I_see_what smartphones_are_doing_to_kids’_mental_health_–_and_it’s terrifying⠀⇛ Children’s self-esteem and self-image is also at an all-time low, and levels of depression and suicidal thoughts have never been higher. It is no secret among mental health professionals that there is a direct link between smartphone use and real-world harms. The average UK 12-year-old now spends 29 hours a week – equivalent to a part-time job – on their smartphone. To have access to the amount of information they do at such a young age is having a profound impact on their neurological development. Where in the past we might have received a handful of ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) referrals each week, we are now inundated. Parents can’t get their children to sleep or sit still. They struggle to concentrate in school and education has taken an all-time hit. As adults, we see how our attention span has been affected in the years since our lives have gone online. I can’t remember the last time I saw someone watch a film without scrolling through their phone or checking their messages. Our brains are changing – and children are not immune to this. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Parents,_Put_Down_Your_Phone_Cameras⠀⇛ Today, though, the tech we have constantly at hand has convinced many of us that we must chronicle every moment—that perhaps we would be fools not to. Yet the more I see parents reflexively reaching for their phones, the more I come to believe that when we turn our kids into the subjects of our personal documentaries, we risk muting the richness of the very thing we’re trying to record. We also risk forfeiting an opportunity to really connect with our children. # ⚓ The Local DK ☛ What_do_Danish_experts_advise_parents_on kids’_use_of_screens?⠀⇛ One of Denmark's leading child welfare charities, Børns Vilkår, recommended just over a year ago that no child be exposed to the screens of digital devices until they are at least two years old. For older children, use of screens in schools is slowly being reined in, with social media blocked at schools in Copenhagen and recommendations calling for restricted use of the Internet during upper secondary school lessons. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Cloudbooklet ☛ 2025_Is_Here,_Proprietary_Chaffbot_Company Opt-Out_Tool_Delay_Angers_Users!⠀⇛ The Proprietary Chaffbot Company Opt-Out Tool Delay continues to anger users in 2025, raising questions about intellectual property rights and Hey Hi (AI) training. # ⚓ The_First_Gaming_Layoffs_Of_2025_Have_Happened⠀⇛ Netmarble F&C is a subsidiary of the mobile games company Netmarble. The studio is currently working on its new game Demis Reborn, which is scheduled to release sometime in 2025. According to YNA, the game’s “art style and overall atmosphere were significantly revised” in order to better suite adult taste. # ⚓ Pivot to AI ☛ Shock_as_OpenAI’s_Media_Manager_opt-out_tool turns_out_to_be_vaporware⠀⇛ After an avalanche of lawsuits over scraping everyone’s copyrighted works for their LLMs to regurgitate, OpenAI promised in May 2024 to develop a “Media Manager” tool to let creators opt their works out of training. OpenAI said this would be in place “by 2025.” You’ll be utterly unsurprised to hear that Media Manager is not in place as of 2025. You might even think this was all a PR stunt they had no intention of delivering on. # ⚓ Lou Plummer ☛ My_Computer_Had_Nice_Things_to_Say_About_Me Today⠀⇛ # ⚓ Michael Tsai ☛ Autodesk_Deletes_Old_Forum_Posts⠀⇛ # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ TikTok's_Parent_Company_Sues Ex-Intern_For_£860K,_Demands_Public_Apology_Over_'AI_Project Sabotage'⠀⇛ The lawsuit against Tian Keyu highlights ByteDance's determination to protect its intellectual [sic] property [sic] and operational integrity. Simultaneously, the company's battles over TikTok's operations in the US underscore the challenges of maintaining trust and compliance in a global tech landscape. ByteDance's ability to balance innovation with accountability will play a crucial role in shaping its future trajectory. # ⚓ 404 Media ☛ Meta's_AI_Profiles_Are_Indistinguishable_From Terrible_Spam_That_Took_Over_Facebook⠀⇛ But the Meta controlled, AI-generated Instagram and Facebook profiles going viral right now have been on the platform for well over a year and all of them stopped posting 10 months ago after users almost universally ignored them. Many of the AI- generated profiles that Meta created and announced have been fully deleted; the ones that remain have not posted new content since April 2024, though their chat functionality continues to work. Peoples’ understandable aversion to the idea of Meta-controlled AI bots taking up space on Facebook and Instagram has led them to believe that these existing bots are the new ones “announced” by Hayes to the Financial Times. In Hayes’ quote, he says that Meta ultimately envisions releasing tools that allow users to create these characters and profiles, and for those AI profiles to live alongside normal profiles. So Meta has not actually released anything new, but the news cycle has led people to go find Meta’s already existing AI- generated profiles and to realize how utterly terrible they are. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Meta_deletes_its_AI-powered_Facebook_and Instagram_profiles_following_criticism⠀⇛ Alongside Meta AI, the company rolled out 28 AI- powered Facebook and Instagram profiles. Most were inspired by celebrities with whom Meta partnered on the project. The celebrity-inspired profiles were quietly scrapped last August as a result of lackluster user interest, while about a dozen AI- powered accounts remained online. Those remaining accounts are the focus of this week’s controversy. The profiles in question displayed a label that read “AI managed by Meta.” They featured a mix of machine-generated and human-created posts, as well as a tool that allowed users to chat with the AI. Users didn’t have a way to block content from the accounts. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Food_Tracking_App_To_Delete_Users’_Previously Recorded_Meals_After_Being_Sued_By_Food_Data_Company⠀⇛ It is possible, as some suggested to me on Bluesky, that there was a contractual agreement between Cronometer and ESHA to delete any data if the contract concluded. If such an agreement exists, it should be limited to the database itself, not people recording such data into their personal journals. Because it’s not “the database” that is being copied into people’s tracking journals, but merely the factual data about particular foods. In addition, the users are not bound to whatever terms Cronometer has in its contracts with others. # ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ Instagram_and_Facebook_Delete_Experimental AI_Accounts⠀⇛ Facebook and Instagram parent Meta, whose platforms are already flooded with AI-generated content, recently floated an idea to make the problem even worse: letting users create bot characters in their AI Studio that would then become functional “users” of these sites themselves, appearing to have their own accounts that engage with other profiles and pages. Reactions were decidedly negative, with some citing “Dead Internet Theory,” the idea that the direction of all digital culture is now determined by automation and algorithm rather than actual humans. But things got worse for Meta when people turned up a few of their “test” AI characters on Friday. # ⚓ Wired ☛ Editors_at_Science_Journal_Resign_En_Masse_Over_Bad Use_of_AI,_High_Fees⠀⇛ “This has been an exceptionally painful decision for each of us,” the board members wrote in their statement. “The editors who have stewarded the journal over the past 38 years have invested immense time and energy in making JHE the leading journal in paleoanthropological research and have remained loyal and committed to the journal and our authors long after their terms ended. The [associate editors] have been equally loyal and committed. We all care deeply about the journal, our discipline, and our academic community; however, we find we can no longer work with Elsevier in good conscience.” # ⚓ New Statesman ☛ Mark_Zuckerberg’s_fake_[Internet]_empire⠀⇛ On a rational planet this might have led a large majority of social media users to withhold their data and creativity from Zuckerberg until he agreed to pay them for it, but they didn’t. This emboldened technology companies to help themselves in an ever-more blatant fashion, siphoning off the world’s intellectual property into the large language models from which they now expect to draw their future revenue. Our political class has done less than nothing to prevent this; the Starmer government’s proposal is that businesses should have to “opt out” of their intellectual property being stolen to further enrich the world’s wealthiest people. No one should have to opt out of being burgled. Who is all this for? Within a couple of years, AI infrastructure is expected to use more energy than the Netherlands and more clean water than Portugal. What are these huge resources being spent on? If the answer is advertising, it’s hard to see what an [Internet] of bots offers to brands. In the long run, how many companies will pay to reach an audience of software that has no money or interests of its own? How many users will be happy for their pet “AI” to hawk cat litter or crypto on their behalf? Perhaps the answer is that Meta believes the [Internet] can be made even more unnaturally compelling, that everything on it can be made even more obviously fake, but that consumers will be kept hanging around in an increasingly weird and coercive relationship. # ⚓ Nick Heer ☛ Meta_Envisages_Social_Media_Filled_With_A.I.- Generated_Users_–_Pixel_Envy⠀⇛ A big problem for Meta is that it is institutionally very dumb. I do not want to oversell this too much, but I truly believe this is the case. There are lots of smart people working there and its leadership clearly understands something about how people use social media. o § Security⠀➾ # § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ New_Captcha_requires_defeating_three enemies_or_you're_Doomed_to_repeat_it⠀⇛ You have to make beat three monsters at Nightmare level in this DOOM captcha to prove you're human. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Myanmar_enacts_cybersecurity_law_that_aims_to restrict_use_of_VPNs⠀⇛ The law also states that Myanmar citizens abroad are liable to punishment. # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Iran_lifts_ban_on WhatsApp_and_Google_Play⠀⇛ # ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ Police_use_of_license_plate_readers raising_privacy_concerns_in_Michigan⠀⇛ As license plate-reading cameras to fight crime become more common on Michigan roads, their use is raising concerns about personal privacy. These devices record plate numbers of passing vehicles and are different from cameras used to track traffic conditions. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Digital_identity_verification_startup Ver.ID_raises_€2M_to_help_Euro_firms_adhere_to_eIDAS 2.0⠀⇛ Ver.ID is the creator of what it says is “advanced digital identity verification technology”, and says its product has applications in areas such as cross-border payments, global commerce and liquidity management. Significantly, its platform supports the EU’s new Electronic Identification, Authentication and Trust Services 2.0 framework, which came into law last year and sets new standards for digital identification services in EU member states. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Apple_opts_everyone_into_having their_Photos_analyzed_by_AI⠀⇛ The feature, known as Enhanced Visual Search, was called out last week by software developer Jeff Johnson, who expressed concern in two write-ups about Apple's failure to explain the technology, which is believed to have arrived with iOS 18.1 and macOS 15.1 on October 28, 2024. # ⚓ The Local DK ☛ Why_Denmark_hasn't_had_a_bank_robbery in_three_years⠀⇛ Many people no longer take a wallet with them when they go out, he said. Neighbouring Norway and Sweden have jettisoned cash to a greater degree than Denmark, however, with around 40 percent in those two countries no longer using physical currency. # ⚓ Macworld ☛ If_you_owned_an_Apple_device_in_the_past decade,_a_check_is_headed_your_way⠀⇛ If you’ve always suspected that Siri is listening to you even though you haven’t called upon it, a new class-action lawsuit may give you some peace of mind. Apple has agreed to pay our nearly $100 million to settle a proposed class action lawsuit over Siri’s ability to “listen to, record, and share their conversations” without consent. # ⚓ Michael Tsai ☛ Apple_Settles_Siri_Spying_Lawsuit⠀⇛ I had thought this controversy was about contractors hearing the audio. The advertising angle is new to me. If Apple actually did that, it would be one of the biggest Apple news stories ever. I think it’s much more likely that a third-party app was listening to the microphone or that the ads were not based on audio at all. That said, given that privacy is so important to Apple’s brand, and that it seems so unlikely that Apple’s actually guilty of this, it’s a bit of a mystery why it would want to settle. I would think that proving its innocence would be well worth the legal fees, unless it fears the exposure of other information that would become public in discovery. # ⚓ Deccan Chronicle ☛ Apple_to_pay_$95_million_to_settle lawsuit_accusing_Siri_of_snoopy_eavesdropping⠀⇛ The proposed settlement filed Tuesday in an Oakland, California, federal court would resolve a 5-year-old lawsuit revolving around allegations that Apple surreptitiously activated Siri to record conversations through iPhones and other devices equipped with the virtual assistant for more than a decade. # ⚓ India Times ☛ Apple_to_pay_$95_million_to_settle lawsuit_accusing_Siri_of_snoopy_eavesdropping⠀⇛ The alleged recordings occurred even when people didn't seek to activate the virtual assistant with the trigger words, "Hey, Siri." Some of the recorded conversations were then shared with advertisers in an attempt to sell their products to consumers more likely to be interested in the goods and services, the lawsuit asserted. # ⚓ The Record ☛ [Attackers]_target_dozens_of_VPN_and_AI extensions_for_Google_Chrome_to_compromise_data⠀⇛ As of Wednesday, a total of 36 Chrome extensions injected with data-stealing code have been detected, mostly related to artificial intelligence (AI) tools and virtual private networks (VPNs), according to a report by ExtensionTotal, a platform that analyzes extensions listed on various marketplaces and public registries. These extensions, collectively used by roughly 2.6 million people, include third- party tools such as ChatGPT for Google Meet, Bard AI Chat, YesCaptcha Assistant, VPNCity and Internxt VPN. Some of the affected companies have already addressed the issue by removing the compromised extensions from the store or updating them, according to ExtensionTotal's analysis. # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Apple_agrees_to_$95_million settlement_in_Siri_privacy_lawsuit⠀⇛ The company, one of the most valuable in the world, signed off on the payment to settle a class-action lawsuit claiming its virtual assistant Siri can be accidentally activated, and subsequently record parts of people’s conversations without their consent. Apple then violated its users’ privacy, plaintiffs alleged, by sending those recordings to third parties. # ⚓ RTL ☛ Not_so_private_conversations:_Apple_agrees_to $95_mn_deal_to_settle_Siri_eavesdropping_suit⠀⇛ Apple has agreed to pay $95 million to settle a class action lawsuit alleging that its Siri digital assistant improperly recorded private conversations, while maintaining that it denies any wrongdoing. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ TMZ ☛ Donald_Trump_Will_Be_Sentenced_Next_Week_in_Hush Money_Case,_Days_Before_Inauguration⠀⇛ As you know, Trump was convicted on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records to cover up hush money payments prosecutors say he made to porn star Stormy Daniels. Trump could face a potential prison sentence of up to 4 years, but again, it sounds like the judge won't go that route ... considering January 20, Inauguration Day, is looming. # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Cameroon_officials_say_country's_military_seized weapons_from_terrorists_re-arming_Boko_Haram_ ⠀⇛ Cameroon government officials say long-barreled firearms, military uniforms, over 400 packets of tear gas and more than 100 gallons of oxidizing agents were seized from suspected Boko Haram members this week in Maroua, a northern town near the central African country’s border with Nigeria and Chad. # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Donald_Trump:_'Why_would_I_want_to_get_rid_of TikTok?'⠀⇛ President-elect Trump doubled down on his support for TikTok on Friday, as the popular social media app prepares to argue against an impending ban before the Supreme Court next week. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ TikTok_and_Government_Clash_in_Last_Round of_Supreme_Court_Briefs⠀⇛ The court’s ruling, which could come this month, will decide the fate of a powerful and pervasive cultural phenomenon that uses a sophisticated algorithm to feed a personalized array of short videos to users. TikTok has become, particularly for younger generations, a leading source of information [sic] and entertainment. # ⚓ India Times ☛ TikTok_and_government_clash_in_last_round_of Supreme_Court_briefs⠀⇛ Their briefs were part of a high-stakes showdown over the government's insistence that ByteDance, TikTok's parent company, sell the app's operations in the United States or shut it down. The Supreme Court, in an effort to resolve the case before the law's Jan. 19 deadline, will hear arguments at a special session next Friday. # ⚓ The Independent UK ☛ Shamsud-Din_Jabbar’s_former_commanding officer_speaks_out_about_New_Orleans’_attacker’s radicalization⠀⇛ Jabbar’s high school friend Chris Pousson told NBC that he had posted several times on Facebook about his Islamic faith [...] # ⚓ El País ☛ New_Orleans_attack_highlights_the_power_of_the ISIS_brand_to_spread_terror_in_the_West⠀⇛ Although defeated in Syria more than five years ago, the Islamic State group remains the standard- bearer of jihadist terrorism, maintaining a powerful online propaganda presence and expanding its influence through growing branches in Africa and Asia # ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ Billionaires,_dark_money_dominate_record- setting_Michigan_election_spending⠀⇛ The billionaire DeVos family, longtime Michigan GO power players, again topped the list of largest individual donors # ⚓ Los Angeles Times ☛ Islamic_State:_A_weakened_force,_but not_a_spent_one⠀⇛ It started out as a rebranded faction of Al Qaeda, under the leadership of Abu Bakr Baghdadi, an Iraqi militant cleric and insurgent leader turned self- styled caliph. Those living under its rule in a wide arc of Iraq and Syria — particularly members of other religions, or of other sects of Islam — faced horrifying punishments: decapitations, crucifixion, torture. During that same era, the group also took Western hostages, killing several, including U.S. journalist James Foley, who was beheaded in 2014, and Arizona aid worker Kayla Mueller, confirmed dead in 2015. # ⚓ India Times ☛ Bomb-making_materials,_an_open_Quran,_and children's_toys:_Inside_New_Orleans_terror_attacker_Shamsud- Din_Jabbar's_home⠀⇛ The video posted by the New York Post showed a workbench in Jabbar’s bedroom set up for assembling explosives. Nearby, his Quran stood prominently atop a bookshelf, opened to Verse 9:111, which reads: “They fight in Allah’s cause, and slay and are slain; a promise binding…” The verse, widely interpreted as a call to violence by extremist ideologies, cast a haunting shadow over his already sinister acts. # ⚓ The Zambian Observer ☛ ‘He_loved_Trump!’_Cybertruck bomber’s_uncle_bemused_by_‘super_soldier’s’_attack_-_The Zambian_Observer⠀⇛ “Matt was a very skilled warrior, and he would be able to make — if it was him, and if he did this — he would’ve been able to make a more sophisticated explosive than using propane tanks and camping fuel. He was what you might call a ‘super soldier.’ If you ever read about the things he was awarded, and the experience he had, some of it doesn’t make sense, when he had the skills and ability to make something more, let’s say, ‘efficient.’ His skills were enormous from what he had been taught in the military.” # ⚓ YLE ☛ Serious_safety_flaws_uncovered_in_past_inspection_of Eagle_S_vessel⠀⇛ When a vessel is detained, authorities prohibit it from leaving port until serious safety flaws have been rectified. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Finland_Seeks_Seizure_Of_Oil_Tanker_Suspected_Of Damaging_Undersea_Cable⠀⇛ Finland's national power grid operator (Fingrid) is seeking the formal seizure of the oil tanker suspected of damaging an electric power cable in the Baltic Sea last month. Fingrid said in a statement it had filed an application with the Helsinki District Court to seize the Eagle S to help secure its financial claim for damages related to the breakdown of the undersea Estlink 2 electricity interconnector. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Defence_Committee_on_cable_damage:_"We_have_been naive"⠀⇛ According to Savola, Finland still does not face a direct military threat. He said that [NATO] membership has strengthened both defence and deterrence and that Finland is preparing for various hybrid threats. # ⚓ Semafor Inc ☛ Europe_‘will_not_fund_Islamist_rule,’_Germany tells_Syria’s_new_leaders⠀⇛ Europe “will not fund new Islamist structures,” AFP reported the German foreign minister as warning after the meeting with Syria’s de factor leader Ahmad al-Sharaa, while French foreign minister Jean-Noel Barrot said chemical weapons belonging to the Assad regime must be destroyed. # ⚓ Reuters ☛ Kurds,_women_must_be_included_in_Syria's transition,_European_ministers_say⠀⇛ In talks also attended by her French counterpart Jean-Noel Barrot, Germany's top diplomat Annalena Baerbock said she had stressed the need to include all ethnic groups in the transition to democracy while ensuring that potential European funds did not fall into the hands of "new Islamist structures". "We discussed this in a very detailed and very clear manner," Baerbock told reporters after meeting Sharaa in the People's Palace in Damascus. # ⚓ Deseret Media ☛ Utah_accuses_TikTok_of_knowing_about_risks to_children_in_unredacted_legal_filing⠀⇛ Utah has alleged TikTok knew minors were being sexually exploited on its social media application and had ineffective age restrictions in place, in a partially unredacted legal filing on Friday. The lawsuit alleges internal TikTok investigations found risks with the platform's live streaming feature and hundreds of thousands of children ages 13 to 15 managed to get around the age restrictions on the app. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Nick_Clegg_steps_down_as_Meta’s_global policy_chief,_replaced_with_Trump-friendly_Joel_Kaplan⠀⇛ Former Republican White House staffer Joel Kaplan just became Meta Platforms Inc.’s global policy head as Britain’s former deputy prime minister, Nick Clegg, leaves the company after six years. [...] It’s no surprise that with the incoming Donald Trump as U.S. president, this new appointment has been made. Meta’s Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg hasn’t always had a smooth relationship with Trump, becoming one of the social media companies to stir his ire with a ban after the chaos on Capitol Hill on Jan. 6. But lately there have been plenty of signs that Zuckerberg and Trump have become friendly. The two met at Mar-a-Lago recently, following a $1 million donation to Donald Trump’s inaugural fund. # ⚓ New Statesman ☛ Has_Facebook_fallen_in_behind_Trump?⠀⇛ The clue lies in who is replacing Clegg. Joel Kaplan, Clegg’s current deputy, was George W Bush’s White House deputy chief of staff and is respected by conservatives for resisting restrictions on free speech from within the company, which he first joined in 2011. He attended his friend Brett Kavanaugh’s confirmation hearing to be a US Supreme Court justice in 2018 even as Kavanaugh was accused of sexual assault. And in 2016 his team persuaded conservatives such as Tucker Carlson and Glenn Beck to visit the headquarters of Facebook (as Meta was then known) to meet with Zuckerberg. # ⚓ India Times ☛ Nick_Clegg_leaves_Meta_global_policy_team after_six_years⠀⇛ Clegg ceding his job to Kaplan, who served as deputy chief of staff for policy under then- president George W. Bush from 2006-2009, comes as Republican Donald Trump is set to return to the White House. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Nick_Clegg_steps_down_as_Meta's_top flack⠀⇛ The Right Honourable Sir Nick Clegg (to give him his full title) has stepped down from his job as Meta's president of global affairs. Clegg announced he was joining Meta, then Facebook, in October 2018 – around 18 months after he had been voted out of office in the UK's parliament. He became the public feel-good face of Meta during difficult times but, as the US lurches to the right, it seems to all concerned that this job should now go to Joel Kaplan, the former deputy chief of staff for George W Bush. # ⚓ Semafor Inc ☛ Meta_will_appoint_Republican_Joel_Kaplan_to lead_global_policy_team,_as_Nick_Clegg_steps_down⠀⇛ The shift, three weeks before Donald Trump’s inauguration, comes as US companies are embracing the president-elect, courting his inner circle, and backing away from progressive stances many had embraced in recent years. Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg — whom Trump previously threatened to jail — dined with Trump at Mar-a-Lago in November and congratulated the president-elect on his win, one of many big tech executives to do so. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Meta's_Nick_Clegg_to_step_down,_replaced_by Republican_Joel_Kaplan⠀⇛ Why it matters: The move comes shortly after CEO Mark Zuckerberg dined with President-elect Trump at Mar-a-lago and as Republicans will soon control all three branches of federal government. Meta also recently donated $1 million to Trump's inauguration. # ⚓ India Times ☛ Nick_Clegg,_who_set_up_Meta's_oversight board,_exits_company_ahead_of_Trump_return⠀⇛ Clegg, a former deputy prime minister of Britain, had handled policy and regulatory issues globally for Meta since 2018. Mark Zuckerberg, Meta's CEO, thanked Clegg for making an "important impact advancing Meta's voice and values around the world." # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ A_pawn_of_the_US?_Manila’s_plan_to_buy missile_system_draws_flak_from_Beijing⠀⇛ The weapon could serve a role in US defence plans should China take military action over Taiwan, say analysts. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Over_100_shops_destroyed_in_a_fire_at_the_market in_Accra⠀⇛ In tonight's edition, the popular Kantomanto market in Accra loses over a hundred shops to fire in an early morning blaze. Also, we hear from some of the Chadian voters who still worry that a homegrown national solution to a deepening security crisis is still a way away. And an 8-year-old boy in Zimbabwe somehow keeps himself alive for 5 days wandering in the wilderness amidst big cats and other dangers. # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Muslims_in_India struggle_for_access_to_mental_health_care⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_New_York_City:_Man charged_for_burning_woman_to_death⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Nigeria:_Deadly stampedes_highlight_deepening_crises⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_How_German_Chancellor Olaf_Scholz_became_so_unpopular⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_How_Magdeburg_attack mobilizes_Germany's_extreme_right⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Christmas_updates: Bethlehem_hosts_subdued_celebrations⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Christmas_updates:_Pope appeals_for_peace_in_world_conflicts⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Dutch_court_convicts_5 for_violence_against_Israeli_fans⠀⇛ # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Experts_react:_What_the_New_Orleans attack_tells_us_about_terrorism_in_2025⠀⇛ The attack on New Year’s Day by a man who claimed to have joined ISIS raises important questions about safety and security. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Philippines_recovers_suspected_Chinese submarine_drone⠀⇛ The police warned of "potential national security implications". # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Women_at_the_forefront of_South_Korea's_martial_law_protests⠀⇛ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ South_Korean_presidential_security_impedes_arrest of_ex-President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol—developing_story⠀⇛ Members of South Korea’s Presidential Security Service are impeding an attempt to arrest former president Yoon Suk Yeol, according to national media outlet Yonhap. # ⚓ France24 ☛ South_Korean_investigators_seek_to_arrest impeached_President_Yoon⠀⇛ Nikkei Asia correspondent Steven Borowiec speaks to France 24 on the unfolding situation in South Korea, as investigators began executing an arrest warrant for impeached President Yoon Suk Yeol on Friday over his failed attempt to declare martial law in early December. Investigators and police were seen moving past pro-Yoon protesters surrounding Yoon's compound, but appeared to have been stopped by the President's Security Service, which still protects the suspended head of state. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Live:_S._Korean_authorities_suspend attempt_to_arrest_President_Yoon_amid_dramatic_stand-off⠀⇛ They were blocked by military unit inside presidential residence after being let through heavy security barricades. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korean_authorities_fail_to_arrest impeached_President_Yoon_due_to_security_stand-off⠀⇛ He is under criminal investigation for his short- lived martial law attempt on Dec 3. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ South_Korean_presidential_security_prevents_arrest of_ex-President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol⠀⇛ South Korea’s public prosecution ended their attempt to arrest former president Yoon Suk Yeol on Friday after being impeded by the Presidential Security Service, according to national media outlet Yonhap, with the ex-president’s security service announcing that it would not allow the arrest to proceed. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Could_Better_Security_Have_Stopped_the_New Orleans_Terror_Attack?⠀⇛ City officials were warned in 2019 that the bollards designed to block vehicles did “not appear to work.” They were being fixed when a truck rammed through Bourbon Street on Wednesday. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Montenegrins_Express_Disbelief_In_Wake_Of_Mass Shooting⠀⇛ Residents of Cetinje, Montenegro, said they were shocked over the fatal shooting of 12 people in the community on New Year's Day. The suspected shooter, Aco Martinovic, fired upon people in separate incidents before committing suicide, according to police. The Balkan nation declared three days of mourning in the wake of the killings, in which at least four others were seriously wounded. Cetinje also witnessed the fatal shootings of 10 people by a local man in 2022. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Elite_soldier_shot_himself_before_Cybertruck blast_in_Las_Vegas,_officials_say⠀⇛ An elite soldier identified as Matthew Alan Livelsberger committed suicide before the Cybertruck he was sitting in exploded outside the Trump International Hotel in Las Vegas, authorities said on Thursday. The motive for his actions is still unknown. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Insight Hungary ☛ Zelensky:_I_know_the_Hungarian people_are_on_the_side_of_the_Ukrainie_and_of_the truth⠀⇛ "Ukraine stands firmly on its feet, does not bow its head, looks ahead, and believes in its future and victory over all the evil that Russia has brought us. Ukraine is capable of achieving just peace – having a shield and a sword. Defending its people, its colors, its Independence," Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky wrote in his New Year's Greetings. "Thank you for 2024. Our people endure all difficulties with dignity. People for whom being citizens of Ukraine is a source of pride. And for me, it is a pride to be the President of such people – Ukrainians who prove that no cruise missile can defeat a nation that has wings." He mentioned that President-elect Donald Trump, who takes office in a few weeks. Zelensky does not doubt his willingness and ability to make peace. "This is not a street fight where you have to calm down both sides. This is the full-scale aggression of a mad state against a civilized one. And I believe that we, together with the United States, are capable of exerting that force. Of compelling Russia into a just peace. " # ⚓ Meduza ☛ A_Russian_travel_agent_accused_of_organizing LGBTQ_tours_died_in_a_Moscow_jail._Officials_say_it_was suicide,_but_advocates_aren’t_convinced._—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Mark_Rutte’s March_to_War⠀⇛ o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Sightline Media Group ☛ US_soldier_arrested_for_allegedly trying_to_sell_Trump_phone_records⠀⇛ A U.S. Army soldier was arrested for allegedly attempting to sell the stolen call logs of President-elect Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris, according to Krebs on Security, an online publication run by former Washington Post reporter Brian Krebs. Federal authorities indicted Cameron John Wagenius, 20, last month on two counts of unlawful transfer of confidential phone records information, court documents show. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Americans_4_Security_appears_to_be_a political_group_in_disguise._The_FEC_and_IRS_must investigate.⠀⇛ Americans 4 Security Inc.’s contributions to two super PACs accounted for as much as 90% of its total spending in 2020, its first year of existence. Since then, Americans 4 Security Inc. has continued to primarily dedicate its resources to political activity and in 2024, contributed more than $3 million to federal super PACs, the majority of which supported now-House Appropriations Committee Chairman Rep. Tom Cole (R-OK) in his primary election. Given the organization’s history of significant spending on political activities, it is likely that Americans 4 Security Inc.’s outsized political spending in 2024 will again account for a majority of its expenses. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-28_[Older]_The_Heat_of_Violence: Climate_Change_and_Gender-Based_Abuse⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-12-27_[Older]_Climate- Friendly_Electricity_Sees_Big_Battery_Projects_Soar_Again_for 2024⠀⇛ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-26_[Older]_Climate_Diplomacy: Fostering_Unity_or_Deepening_Global_Divides⠀⇛ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-26_[Older]_Humanity’s_Journey_of Climate_Change_Awareness⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-26_[Older]_How_close_are_we_to positive_climate_tipping_points?⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-12-26_[Older]_New_York_to Charge_Fossil_Fuel_Companies_for_Damage_From_Climate_Change⠀⇛ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-25_[Older]_India_Calls_Out_Rich Nations_Over_Climate_Inaction_at_ICJ⠀⇛ # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-12-23_[Older]_Climate_change_is_pushing_some governments_to_the_breaking_point⠀⇛ # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2024-12-23_[Older]_Are_we_living_through_the_end_of wildlife_migrations?⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Microsoft_pauses_datacenter_construction in_Wisconsin⠀⇛ Whether the Wisconsin delays are tied to the closed-loop design, or some other element of datacenter design, is unknown. Microsoft didn't answer questions to that end. Redmond did tell us that it still plans to invest $3.3 billion in the project by the end of 2026. It also expects to complete one hyperscale data center in Mount Pleasant as originally planned, which it tells us will be one of its five largest in the world. # ⚓ The Telegraph UK ☛ Iraqi_marshland_drought:_Climate_change pushes_existence_to_the_edge_of_extinction⠀⇛ In the early 1990s Iraq’s marshes still covered some 20,000 square kilometres but they have since shrunk to around 4,000 by the latest estimates. Now a brutal, years-long drought linked to climate change and massive irrigation projects in neighbouring Turkey threatens to wipe them – and the semi-nomadic people who have lived there for thousands of years – out for good. There are even fears that tensions over the supply of water could lead to a new conflict in the Middle East. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Morgan_Stanley’s_E*TRADE_reportedly considering_cryptocurrency_trading_amid_regulatory shift [Ed: Pyramid schemes]⠀⇛ Multinational investment bank and financial services company Morgan Stanley is reportedly considering plans to launch cryptocurrency trading services through its E*TRADE arm amid an expected more favorable regulatory environment under the incoming second Trump administration. The news was first reported by The Information, which claims that the plans are still in the exploratory phase. # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_US:_American Airlines_flights_return_to_air_after_tech_issue [Ed: It's 2025 and making planes that work is still hard? Or airline systems that work?]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Swiss_Air_flight makes_emergency_landing_over_smoke_on_board [Ed: Because making planes that work is hard]⠀⇛ # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2024-12-25_[Older]_How_agrivoltaics_is_marrying food_production_with_green_energy_in_Alberta⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-12-25_[Older]_Japan to_Maximize_Nuclear_Power_in_Clean-Energy_Push_as Electricity_Demand_Grows⠀⇛ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Technology breakthroughs_are_unlocking_geothermal_energy’s_vast potential⠀⇛ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Cause_and Effect:_Economic_Transition_and_Implications_for_the Energy_Mix⠀⇛ # ⚓ Dan Langille ☛ Complete_network_shutdown_–_wtf?⠀⇛ It was difficult to get the UPS back online. This is what the screen looked like when I got it back online. When I was trying to get the UPS to power off, that battery was empty. 0%. When I pressed the power button for 10 seconds, the shutdown would start, then stop and bring me back to this screen. # ⚓ The Drone Girl ☛ Intelligent_Flight_Batteries_vs._the 'Plus'_upgrade:_which_is_better?⠀⇛ Both are smart batteries with advanced features, but they differ in flight times, weight, and price. This guide will break down the pros and cons of each to help you decide which is the best fit for your flying style. And for some use cases, the former (merely Intelligent Flight Batteries) can be better than the more expensive Intelligent Flight Batteries Plus. Here’s your guide to choosing between DJI Intelligent Flight Batteries versus DJI Intelligent Flight Batteries Plus: [...] # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ US_government_goes_atomic_as datacenter_power_crisis_looms⠀⇛ Constellation Energy has won contracts worth more than $1 billion from the US government to supply nuclear power to over 13 federal agencies, validating efforts by datacenter operators to secure their own atomic sources. # ⚓ EcoWatch ☛ UK_Electricity_Reached_a_Record_58%_From Low-Carbon_Sources_in_2024⠀⇛ Electricity in the United Kingdom was the cleanest ever in 2024, with solar and wind generating all-time highs, a new analysis by Carbon Brief said. The report found that per unit carbon dioxide emissions have fallen by over two-thirds in a decade. The analysis attributed this to the phasing out of coal in the UK, which now generates less than half the amount of electricity from fossil fuels than it did a decade ago. Meanwhile, the generation of power from renewable sources has more than doubled. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ The Revelator ☛ Salmon,_Wolves,_Whales_and_Bears:_The Wildlife_MVPs_of_2024⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Hindu ☛ Two_wild_elephants_seen_wandering_in Ramanagara⠀⇛ Two wild elephants were spotted near Rangarayanadoddi lake in Ramanagara on Friday morning taking morning walkers by surprise. # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ It's_Christmas_for_the Elephants_as_Unsold_Trees_Are_Fed_to_the_Animals_at Berlin_Zoo⠀⇛ Trees that didn't find a home this festive season were given to some of the animals on Friday in what has become an annual event. Elephants tore off branches with their trunks, lobbing them around their enclosure or eating the greenery. # ⚓ The Independent UK ☛ It's_Christmas_for_the_elephants as_unsold_trees_are_fed_to_the_animals_at_Berlin_Zoo⠀⇛ The zoo takes only fresh, unsold trees from select vendors. It doesn’t accept trees from the public, which could contain chemicals or leftover decorations. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Texas_Supreme_Court_rejects_effort_to_discipline AG_deputy_over_2020_election_lawsuit⠀⇛ The Supreme Court of Texas on Tuesday dismissed a disciplinary action brought by the State Bar of Texas against First Assistant Attorney General Brent Webster over his role in a controversial lawsuit challenging the 2020 presidential election results. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ New_US_gun_laws_take_effect_January_1⠀⇛ Gun laws across the US states are undergoing changes in 2025 with many states strengthening gun safety laws while others have expanded the rights of firearm owners, reflecting the polarization on the issue of gun control in the country. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Federal_Judge_Approves_Jay-Z_Request to_File_Dismissal_Motion_in_Intensifying_Jane_Doe_Rape Lawsuit⠀⇛ On the heels of several twists and turns, the court has approved Jay-Z’s request to seek the dismissal of a rape lawsuit filed against him by a Jane Doe plaintiff. # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Why_Didn’t_NYT_Tell_Us_What_Ben_Smith_Stood_to_Gain From_His_Media_Reporting?⠀⇛ In a time of downsizing and consolidation, Ben Smith has had a journalistic career many would envy. He became famous as the editor-in-chief of BuzzFeed News, and is co-founder and editor-in- chief of Semafor, a rising media giant that raised $19 million last year. (This “replac[ed] the money it had received from the disgraced cryptocurrency mogul Sam Bankman-Fried,” the New York Times reported—5/24/23). # ⚓ FAIR ☛ ‘There’s_No_Public_Evidence_of_the_Kind_of Manipulation_TikTok_Is_Accused_Of’:_CounterSpin_interview with_Yanni_Chen_on_TikTok_ruling [Ed: There is LOTS of evidence of manipulation, FAIR is now spreading Chinese propaganda and lies. iophk: The manipulation has been documented in Germany, Romania, and Finland, to name only three of many. The US has also been affected but the 'media' has decided to throw in with the CCP and fight against freedom of speech while claiming to do the opposite and while distracting from the manipulation and influence operations.]⠀⇛ Janine Jackson interviewed Free Press’s Yanni Chen about the appellate court TikTok ruling for the December 20, 2024, episode of CounterSpin. This is a lightly edited transcript. # ⚓ Marcy Wheeler ☛ Artificial_Frameworks_about_Elon:_On_Adrian Dittmann_and_Tommy_Robinson⠀⇛ But where Elon was likely most valuable in the November election was in deploying both his own proprietary social media disinformation and that of others to depress Harris voters and mobilize the low turnout voters who consume no news who made the difference for Trump. We know, for example, that Musk was a big funder of a front group that sought to exacerbate negativity around Gaza (though I’ve seen no one assess the import of it to depress Democratic turnout anywhere but Michigan’s heavily Arab cities). I’ve seen no one revisit the observations that Elon shifted the entire algorithm of Xitter on the day he endorsed Trump to boost his own and other Republican content supporting Trump. (Of course, Elon deliberately made such analysis prohibitively expensive to do.) We’ve spent two months fighting about what Dems could do better but, as far as I’m aware, have never assessed the import of Elon’s technical contribution. It’s the $44 billion donation, as much as the $250 million one. In other words, Elon’s value to AfD may lie more in the viral and microtargeted promotion he can offer than simply his famous name normalizing Nazism or even cash dollars. # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Top_acquisition_agencies_want_cyber workforce_changes_in_federal_contracting_rules⠀⇛ The NICE framework, spelled out in the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s Special Publication 800-181, details workforce knowledge and skill requirements to be used in federal IT and cybersecurity support contracts. The document essentially creates a “common language” for cyber work roles that align with a 2019 Trump administration executive order on America’s cybersecurity workforce. # ⚓ India Times ☛ Microsoft_expects_to_spend_$80_billion_on_AI this_fiscal_year [Ed: Lies and fake claims from a company deep in debt and still trying to look big]⠀⇛ Microsoft president Brad Smith on Friday said the company is on track to pump about $80 billion into artificial intelligence (AI) this fiscal year. # ⚓ Nick Heer ☛ Tim_Cook_Becomes_the_Newest_Big_Donor_to_the Trump_Inaugural_Fund⠀⇛ In the United States, donations to the extravagant presidential inauguration ceremony by U.S. citizens and corporations are unlimited. As a result, it is the perfect vehicle with which to get comfortable with the incoming administration. It is not a bribe, though. Money or goods given to holders of public office with the implication of favours is almost never bribery. If you call it a bribe, everyone involved seems to get mad. So do not call it a bribe. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Apple_CEO_Tim_Cook_donates_$1_million_to_Trump inauguration⠀⇛ Cook, with a consistent presence in Washington, has made it clear over the years that he believes in participation, not sitting on the sidelines, and engaging with policymakers from both sides of the aisle. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Fact_check:_The strangest_fakes_of_2024⠀⇛ # ⚓ VOA News ☛ AI-generated_deepfakes_of_Trump_aimed_at misleading_Kenyans,_Nigerians⠀⇛ On Dec. 28, a content creator with about 20,000 TikTok followers shared phony footage of Trump threatening to withhold U.S. aid from Kenya if the alleged abductions continued. The clip went viral with 357,000 views as of the time of this writing. # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ The_Global_Crisis_of_Bullshit Culture_and_Media_Manipulation⠀⇛ Although, Europe has taken significant steps to deal with misinformation, yet this bullshit culture continues to spread its curses into different landscapes. The United Kingdom’s Brexit referendum in 2016 was manipulated by false claims such as £350 million figure on campaign buses. This later aided in swaying public opinion. Across Europe, far-right parties have effectively weaponized bullshit to spread xenophobia and the list doesn’t stop here. # ⚓ Security Week ☛ US_Imposes_Sanctions_on_Russian_and Iranian_Groups_Over_Disinformation_Targeting_American Voters⠀⇛ Treasury officials announced the sanctions Tuesday, alleging that the two organizations sought to stoke divisions among Americans before November’s vote. US intelligence has accused both governments of spreading disinformation, including fake videos, news stories and social media posts, designed to manipulate voters and undermine trust in U.S. elections. “The governments of Iran and Russia have targeted our election processes and institutions and sought to divide the American people through targeted disinformation campaigns,” Bradley T. Smith, Treasury’s acting undersecretary for terrorism and financial intelligence, said in a statement. # ⚓ US Treasury ☛ Treasury_Sanctions_Entities_in_Iran_and Russia_That_Attempted_to_Interfere_in_the_U.S._2024 Election_|_U.S._Department_of_the_Treasury⠀⇛ “The Governments of Iran and Russia have targeted our election processes and institutions and sought to divide the American people through targeted disinformation campaigns,” said Acting Under Secretary of the Treasury for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence Bradley T. Smith. “The United States will remain vigilant against adversaries who would undermine our democracy.” o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Cloudbooklet ☛ US_States_Blocked_Pornhub_in_20_States_Due to_Age_Verification_Laws⠀⇛ US States Blocked Pornhub as part of the new age verification laws. Find out how this decision impacts users # ⚓ Variety ☛ Mohammad_Rasoulof_Attending_2025_Göteborg_Film Festival⠀⇛ Banned in Rasoulof’s home country, the film has already garnered international recognition for its poignant narrative and exploration of political themes. Rasoulof, who currently lives in exile in Germany after being sentenced to eight years in prison and flogging by the Iranian regime as he wrapped “Sacred Fig,” continues to create work that critiques the country’s oppressive government. # ⚓ El País ☛ The_Chicano_mural_that_overcame_censorship_to shine_in_the_heart_of_Los_Angeles⠀⇛ The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County is bringing back Barbara Carrasco’s ‘L.A. History: A Mexican Perspective,’ a 1981 masterpiece that spent decades in storage # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Federal_Judge_Strikes_Down_Unconstitutional Arkansas_Book_Ban_Law⠀⇛ However, it if couldn’t demonstrate this, the association of librarians and libraries would be free to continue running their libraries without government interference — something they had done for years before Donald Trump took office in 2016 and ushered in an extremely ugly era of so-called “conservatism.” Since then, book challenges and book bans have become a day-to-day occurrence in the Land of the Free. And all at the hands of the party that swears it’s here to beat back censorship. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Italy_summons_Iran_envoy_over_detention_of journalist_Cecilia_Sala⠀⇛ Italy's foreign minister on Thursday summoned Iran's ambassador to discuss the arrest of journalist Cecilia Sala who was detained two weeks ago for "violating" Iran's laws after entering the country on a journalist visa. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ How_publishers_can_avoid_affiliate marketing_pitfalls_and_find_new_revenue [Ed: Fancy terms for a form of spam]⠀⇛ PA Media lifestyle editor Prudence Wade on affiliate marketing content for publishers. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Byline_Times_seeks_£200,000_for_marketing by_selling_shares_to_readers [Ed: Sounds a bit like a pyramid scheme]⠀⇛ The monthly newspaper said in an investor prospectus that it passed £1m in annual revenue last year. # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Sonali_Kolhatkar_&_Laura_Flanders_on_Independent Media_and_the_Year_Ahead⠀⇛ # ⚓ Allen Downey ☛ Confidence_In_the_Press⠀⇛ Chapter 16 is a template for exploring relationships between political alignment (liberal or conservative) and other beliefs and attitudes. In this example, we’ll use that template to look at the ways confidence in the press has changed over the last 50 years in the U.S. The dataset we’ll use is an excerpt of data from the General Social Survey. It contains three resamplings of the original data. We’ll start with the first. # ⚓ The Hindu ☛ Bastar_journalist_found_dead_in_septic_tank, murder_suspected⠀⇛ The body of a journalist, who is known for his ground reporting of the Maoist conflict in Chhattisgarh’s Bastar region, was found in a septic tank on the premises of a construction contractor in Bijapur. The journalist’s family has alleged that he was facing threats for exposing a scam in a road project through his reports. # ⚓ CBC ☛ Google_sends_$100M_in_funds_to_journalism_collective in_exchange_for_Online_News_Act_exemption⠀⇛ Google has sent the $100 million it agreed to pay Canadian news outlets in exchange for an exemption from the Online News Act to a journalism organization designed to disperse the funds. The U.S. tech company confirmed it has transferred the money to the Canadian Journalism Collective, a federally incorporated non-profit organization led by independent publishers and broadcasters. # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Italy_meets_with_Iran_ambassador_to_demand release_of_Italian_journalist⠀⇛ Sala is being held in Iran's Evin prison following her arrest in the capital, Tehran, on Dec. 19. The journalist was on assignment in Iran and had a valid journalist visa. Iran accuses Sala of "violating the laws of the Islamic Republic." But others believe her arrest is a retaliatory move after Italy detained a Swiss- Iranian businessman at the request of the U.S. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Incels:_How_they_are Radicalized,_and_How_to_Deradicalize_Them⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-12-24_[Older]_Morocco_moves_to_reform underage_marriage⠀⇛ # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Prepare_for_the_return-to-office era._It’s_an_age_thing⠀⇛ In truth, the unlimited combinations of individuals and work requirements make generalizations impossible. Besides, telework established itself in the federal government by practice and statute well before the pandemic. Maybe the new administration can approach its telework policy simply. Roll practice back to what was in place February 2020, the month before the pandemic. That would give a rational point to rethink telework, if necessary. I spoke the other day to a senior executive at a cabinet department. He’s awaiting his new politically-appointed boss. He said that, relative to 2017, the Trump so-called landing teams seem more organized and thorough. Trump himself has pledged to fire employees who don’t return to work full time at their federal offices. # ⚓ Hamilton Nolan ☛ From_Walmart_to_Amazon_to_Walmart_-_by Hamilton_Nolan⠀⇛ Walmart is, and has long been, the biggest private sector employer in America. It has more than two million employees. A couple of decades ago, Walmart was, in the public mind, what Amazon is today: the big, bad symbol of a McJob, the gargantuan employer of last resort that was swallowing up the American workplace. Amazon’s internet roots and its ability to drive the entire retail sector towards online shopping has allowed it to replace Walmart as the dystopian image of The Future of Work. But Amazon still has 600,000 fewer employees. Walmart has never gone away—it just managed to clean up its reputation. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Amazon_worker_shot_in_New_Orleans_terror attack_denied_leave⠀⇛ It's believed Scott-Windham requested the wrong type of leave, leading to it being turned down, or so people familiar with the matter have claimed. # ⚓ Lusaka ZM ☛ Zambia_:_Zambia_Pays_Tribute_to_Former_U.S. President_Jimmy_Carter⠀⇛ “We remember President Carter’s remarkable legacy, marked by his unwavering commitment to peace, democracy, good governance, human rights, justice, and equality,” President Hichilema stated. # ⚓ Vox ☛ Is_the_doctor_overcharging_me?_How_to_avoid_huge medical_bills_and_lower_existing_ones.⠀⇛ These bargaining tactics require a significant amount of time and energy, and are made considerably more difficult when you’re not feeling well or English isn’t your first language. Under the Affordable Care Act, patients who speak limited English are entitled to a free qualified interpreter and translated medical documents. Health care providers must inform patients that they offer interpreting services. When booking an appointment, tell the scheduler you will need an interpreter during your visit. For non-emergency procedures and appointments at in-network physicians, here are some financial questions to ask before you leave the office. How much will this cost? # ⚓ The Independent UK ☛ Bernie_Sanders_accuses_Musk_of_seeking cheaper,_not_brainier,_immigrant_labor_with_H-1B_visas⠀⇛ Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders weighed in on the H- 1B visa controversy Thursday, accusing Elon Musk of defending the program because the labor is “cheaper,” not brainier, than the American labor force, as the tech billionaire has argued. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Appeals_court_ruling_kills_off_efforts_to restore_FCC_net_neutrality_rules⠀⇛ A U.S. appeals court today ruled the Federal Communications Commission does not have the legal authority to reinstate landmark net neutrality rules first implemented by former President Barack Obama. The ruling ends a decade-plus-long effort by Democrats to gain more oversight over the internet. /blockquote> # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ US_Appeals_Court_Slaps_Down_Biden- Backed_Net_Neutrality_Laws⠀⇛ A US Appeals Court has ruled the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) did not have legal authority to reinstate net neutrality rules backed by the Biden administration. President Joe Biden signed the executive order in 2021 encouraging the FCC to reinstate the rules initially implemented in 2015. # ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Sixth_Circuit_Ruling_on_FCC_Authority Threatens_Consumer_Protections_and_Open_Internet⠀⇛ Sixth Circuit decision rejects the FCC's authority to classify broadband as a telecommunications service. # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Exit_interview:_FCC’s_Jessica Rosenworcel_discusses_her_legacy_on_cybersecurity,_AI_and regulation⠀⇛ In a wide-ranging interview with CyberScoop, Rosenworcel discussed how the FCC has evolved to address the challenges posed by newer technologies, ongoing efforts to investigate and respond to Chinese intrusions into U.S. telecommunications networks, regulating AI in political ads and other topics. # ⚓ South Africa ☛ Frogfoot's_New_Years_Internet_Outage⠀⇛ Frogfoot, a local fibre network operator owned by Vox Telecom, had a 57 hour outage starting on New Years Eve, leaving all their Western Cape customers without a usable [Internet] connection. The problem ended up being diagnosed on a public forum before the company's own staff managed to figure it out themselves. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Net_Neutrality_Ruling_an_Ominous_Giveaway to_Big_Telecom⠀⇛ On Thursday, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit struck down Net Neutrality rules that prevented internet service providers from degrading or blocking service to certain websites. The rules—which were originally enacted under the Obama administration, then repealed under the first Trump administration and then reinstated by the Biden administration—were fiercely opposed by Big Telecom giants like AT&T, Comcast and Verizon. For years, Demand Progress has been a leader in the fight for an open internet, including just this last year helping lead grassroots efforts that have driven more than 100,000 people to take action. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ 6th_Circuit_Wrongly_Rejects_Federal Jurisdiction_Over_Essential_Broadband_Internet_Access Services⠀⇛ In September, Free Press filed a brief in the case supporting the FCC's April ruling. The brief — filed jointly with the Benton Institute, the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, the Open Technology Institute and Public Knowledge — focused on the legal precedent and economic analysis supporting the Commission’s decision, showing the wisdom of and the need for the FCC’s jurisdiction over the essential telecommunications platform of our time. The 6th Circuit ruled nevertheless that broadband [Internet] access service should be classified as a Title I “information service” under the Communications Act. The court rejected the Biden FCC’s argument that broadband should be classified as a “telecommunications service,” subject to the FCC’s mandates and authority in Title II of the Act to ensure service on an equitable and nondiscriminatory basis. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Trumplican_6th_Circuit_Just_Killed_Net Neutrality_(And_Whatever_Was_Left_Of_Pathetic_U.S._Broadband Consumer_Protection)⠀⇛ To be clear, the FCC’s net neutrality rules were actually very modest by international standards. They had ample loopholes for ISPs to stumble through. They were never actually enforced with any consistency by a broadly feckless and captured FCC. And they saw massive popularity across a bipartisan majority of Americans. Right out of the gate calling the rules “heavy-handed” is telling. As a refresher, the “net neutrality debate” is about more than just “net neutrality.” It’s about whether we want our consumer protection officials to protect broadband consumers from a monopolized and broken industry filled with extremely unpopular, predatory corporations that routinely raise the bar on shitty service, price gouging, and bad behavior. # ⚓ NPR ☛ Net_neutrality_is_struck,_ending_a_long_battle_to regulate_ISPs_like_public_utilities⠀⇛ Then, last year, the FCC effectively reinstated net neutrality when it voted to reclassify broadband as a public utility, such as water and electricity, to regulate access to the [Internet]. Under the Communications Act of 1934, such public utility services are subject to government regulation. In doing so, the FCC aimed to make ISPs accountable for outages, require more robust network security, protect fast speeds, and require greater protections for consumer data. # ⚓ RTL ☛ Internet_service_providers:_US_court_blocks_Biden-era net_neutrality_rules⠀⇛ Net Neutrality rules prohibit [Internet] service providers from blocking, slowing down, or charging extra for the [Internet] content and applications their broadband customers choose, according to [Internet] rights group Free Press. Internet service giants have fought against being regulated, arguing they should be left to run their businesses as they see fit. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Biden's_net_neutrality_rules_struck_down_by_appeals court⠀⇛ Why it matters: The all-Republican panel on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit handed a blow to the Biden administration, Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.) and other Democrats who've pushed for fair and open [Internet] measures. Zoom in: Judge Richard Allen Griffin said in the ruling in Cincinnati, Ohio, that broadband [Internet] is an "information service" instead of a "telecommunications service," meaning the FCC lacked authority to impose rules under Title II. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ LG_Launches_LG_Radio+_for_Smart TVs—Will_It_Catch_On?⠀⇛ The ad-supported audio streaming service is a partnership with the Radioline platform, which will make live radio stations and podcasts available to LG Radio+ users. “This new service allows users to effortlessly access a diverse selection of podcasts and radio programs,” says LG. # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ Digital_Ownership_and_the_End_of Physical_Media⠀⇛ But the cost of the decline of physical media is higher than one might think. Transitioning from tangible items to intangible digital copies housed in the cloud has robbed consumers of whatever ownership they might once have claimed over media. The change might seem subtle, even irrelevant, to most of us, at least on first glance. However, its implications are anything but trivial. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o ⚓ The Nation ☛ Can_Fairness_Fix_the_US_Economy?⠀⇛ Few people have heard of the Robinson-Patman Act, a New Deal–era law that bans price discrimination, which occurs when manufacturers sell the same product to retailers at different prices—often under pressure from retail behemoths. But the FTC’s decision to stop enforcing it decades ago triggered a seismic shift in America. It gave massive chains like Walmart free rein to squeeze suppliers for unfair discounts. Walmart’s expansion went unchecked; manufacturers consolidated and shuttered factories; jobs vanished; and thousands of small businesses folded, leaving hollowed-out Main Streets and food deserts in their wake. Outside of the collapse of US manufacturing, few economic forces have done as much damage to the American landscape in the past 50 years. o § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ Supreme_Court_Preview:_Will “Skinny_Labels”_Get_a_Weight_Check?⠀⇛ The Supreme Court will soon be asked to weigh in on the the skinny-label debate -- particularly the question of how much a generic drug manufacturers can say about their products without inducing patent monopoly infringement? The case is Hikma v. Amarin. # ⚓ 2024-12-22_[Older]_Judge_Newman_Files_Appeal_with_D.C. Circuit [Ed: Patent maximalists hedge their bet on a senile for patent maximalism]⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2024-12-23_[Older]_Enough_is_(Apparently)_Enough_-_Part_I [Ed: The patent maximalists have clearly lost touch with reality and now rely on fossils who don't keep up with the harms of patents to actual scientific progress]⠀⇛ # § Kangaroo Courts⠀➾ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ The_court_that_never_sleeps [Ed: This "Court" is illegal and unconstitutional. This publisher is well aware of it, but it was bribed by numerous parties to lobby for this fake kangaroo 'court'. This is corruption in the EU and the media. Some publishers profit from participating in the corruption or covering it up.]⠀⇛ It was only a matter of time before Panasonic formally ended its global patent monopoly dispute with Xiaomi and Oppo. The patent monopoly holder and the two Chinese implementers had already reached an agreement in principle in October. o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Manga_Publisher_Shueisha_Wants_X_to_Expose 'One_Piece'_Pirates⠀⇛ In a continued effort to combat online piracy, Japanese publishing giant Shueisha has requested a DMCA subpoena to compel X to expose two 'pirate accounts'. This is the latest move to identify the operators of major manga pirate portals through U.S. federal courts. If the operators of Spoilerplus and Mangaraw are identified, they could potentially be sued in Japan. # ⚓ Michael Tsai ☛ OpenAI_Failed_to_Deliver_Opt-out_Tool⠀⇛ This was promised by 2025. I’m not holding my breath, but I’m guessing that it happens before Apple’s OCSP preference because there’s a decent chance a court will order it. # ⚓ TechCrunch ☛ OpenAI_failed_to_deliver_the_opt-out_tool_it promised_by_2025_|_TechCrunch⠀⇛ But people familiar tell TechCrunch that the tool was rarely viewed as an important launch internally. “I don’t think it was a priority,” one former OpenAI employee said. “To be honest, I don’t remember anyone working on it.” A non-employee who coordinates work with the company told TechCrunch in December that they had discussed the tool with OpenAI in the past, but that there haven’t been any recent updates. (These people declined to be publicly identified discussing confidential business matters.) =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 6465 ➮ Generation completed at 02:49, i.e. 9 seconds to (re)generate ⟲