𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Thursday, May 29, 2025 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Fri 30 May 02:49:24 BST 2025 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2025/05/29/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmbHjgPAAcGNUG9Sej4vSKhK8DfUYokfFkXLdKwr1JtGJG QmdLsuRLzrwb58dZaSmJah6oCmNNZ6cW4ick4chqJmHjmY QmTNR3uqcbMYjPAbbHjBqyNJb3ib8kytQvdFnATzkBFVvo QmfCHrqMLfMsHXYnQeAvVuNYt91Zw2AmMJ5mx4RqsrWy3b QmR2rr1yXDANjQBEz2oGtd2UMgy9U37FHdjpUhPfAk7h5z QmWE6ucdKk9Q1pi6ce3ko9xPWd9Y4BjpLij3W7tJ5TMjG3 QmaoEDiALTYYZdaq3SQ86aQpMwUji1nqCeLbXAoszFRYvJ QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s QmXZcp3rXLYa24pYd7jUu6sPDrhziRCNCok875WLJTLysP QmUE7nd24kx2soZFbSYKDsb1ik1wpirFTRTBhDTj6w9sjh QmdKeWBhfnjgQLYU48wto7DdStpXsB5mE1yEEnWcxQ53vu QmfSnnTnjcAe3YvtRsVgAwUJfpcEk1dM5J5yjJLyv7MxqM QmQ16CkpxBbMzPZ6wZcuKBUcxH1RZ8uAEhcvdBsPRpVZe9 QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X Qmdqd6mb8mj27qVvQZRR7sjshrXYYirWm9vRttLkNB5rW6 QmSjY85vxbu9nNFHUMmuK7CxRame2VYuhb523CJaK5zRkj QmZwah9nZHVvSzbJWEAMxumYDpanFPqTahnqoNP83tuZbx QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe QmcgTTyseF5zFd4MLquM4PtJZzkFcBEqaUbqDe4eaUx6Na QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Techrights - EPO Workers Caution That the Officials Are Still Illegally Trying to Replace Staff With Slop (to Lower Quality and Validity of European Patents) ⦿ Techrights - IRC Proceedings: Wednesday, May 28, 2025 ⦿ Techrights - Over at Tux Machines... ⦿ Techrights - People's Understanding of the History of GNU/Linux is Changing ⦿ Techrights - Serial Sloppers Ruin and Lessen the Incentive to Cover "Linux" ⦿ Techrights - Thanks for All the Fish, Linux Format ⦿ Techrights - United States Courts With Sworn Testimonies Are on Our Side, We'll Present the Same Here ⦿ Techrights - [Video] Cory Doctorow Explains DMCA: DRM in the Browser (or Webapp) Will "Make It a Felony to Protect Your Privacy While You Use It." ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/EPO_Workers_Caution_That_the_Officials_Are_Still_Illegally_Tryi.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/IRC_Proceedings_Wednesday_May_28_2025.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/People_s_Understanding_of_the_History_of_GNU_Linux_is_Changing.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Serial_Sloppers_Ruin_and_Lessen_the_Incentive_to_Cover_Linux.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Thanks_for_All_the_Fish_Linux_Format.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/United_States_Courts_With_Sworn_Testimonies_Are_on_Our_Side_We_.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Video_Cory_Doctorow_Explains_DMCA_DRM_in_the_Browser_or_Webapp_.shtml ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Links_29_05_2025_Chinese_Cracking_Against_EU_Institutions_Pragu.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Links_29_05_2025_Turtle_Roadkill_Modern_Tech_as_a_Sting.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Links_29_05_2025_US_Health_Deficit_and_Malware_Disguised_as_Slo.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Links_29_05_2025_YouTube_Problem_and_Giant_Privacy_Hole_in_Micr.shtml ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 71 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/EPO_Workers_Caution_That_the_Officials_Are_Still_Illegally_Tryi.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/EPO_Workers_Caution_That_the_Officials_Are_Still_Illegally_Tryi.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ EPO Workers Caution That the Officials Are Still Illegally Trying to Replace Staff With Slop (to Lower Quality and Validity of European Patents)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_AI_policy_and_Update_on_quality_actions⦈_ Background reading: New_EPO_Leaks:_Replacing_Patent_Examiners_and_Classifiers With_Deficient_Bots_(Without_Even_Asking_for_Permission) | EPO_Likely_Breaking the_Law_Yet_Again,_This_Time_by_Using_Slop_for_Patents_(to_Lower_Costs_While Producing_Monopolies_That_Cause_Ruinous_Lawsuits) Today we present internal EPO material, to be followed by more tomorrow. For those who don't know, the EPO grants monopolies in Europe to non-European giant corporations (but sometimes they're European and sometimes they're also "sole inventors" or small companies... only sometimes, not often though). The EPO is basically a global force of corporate occupation, more so since Benoît Battistelli took over in 2010 and left his corrupt friend António_Campinos in charge (they both just buy elections by bribing the "voters"). That the EPO is corrupt would be an understatement at this stage; like_some_dictatorships_(e.g. Belarus,_where_EPO_sends_money)_it_goes_as_far_as_threatening_critics,_even people_outside_the_EPO_and_outside_the_EU. Unbelievable! Today's EPO exists outside the Rule of Law because it routinely breaks local and international laws without facing any consequences. It basically operates in a vacuum and steals_money under the false guise of "innovation". More news site need to talk about it, but the corrupt cabal (nepotism) in control of the Office issues threats to the press and, failing that, it bribes a lot of the media to hide/ obscure criticism. The EPO is the oligarchs' voice. It's a reputation laundering_operation funded at our expense basically, and its_scope_continues to_expand. They grant European_software_patents - i.e. patents which are both illegal and undesirable - and do so by deliberately_breaking_the_law. They know exactly what they're doing. To the people who rule (not legitimately govern) this office - Europe's second- largest institution as a matter of fact - the main obstacle is staff with consciousness. What they would really love to do then is replace staff with obedient machines or computer algorithms, which can process text for alteration/conciseness and produce a bunch of slop that only seems like intelligence (but isn't; it lacks any comprehension). It's about cheating. It's a con job. Right now, as the Office still has actual staff and some of these people are senior (albeit the Office already drove out veteran staff in a variety of ways), there are reports out there about what's happening. The Central Staff Committee sent out the following message earlier this week: § EPO AI policy & Update on "quality" actions Dear Colleagues, The Technical and Operational Support Committee (TOSC) is a body of the Administrative Council which shall provide opinions on technical information and infrastructure, on technical cooperation (trilateral EPO, JPO and USPTO, and other fora) and on operation issues concerning quality and reuse of available patent procedure results. The 97th meeting of the TOSC took place on 29 and 30 April 2025 in hybrid format in Munich. In the meeting, the EPO presented for the first time its AI Policy to the delegations and made in particular a follow-up on its “quality” initiatives. "Read more in our report and annexed interventions," they said, citing the secret (restricted) policy documents [1, 2] authored by Peter Bachmayer and Nuala Quinlan, apparently (see metadata). Here's scrutiny of that "PowerPoint-style" (EPO is hostage of Microsoft [1, 2]) nonsense: Zentraler Personalausschuss Central Staff Committee Le Comité Central du Personnel Munich, 26-05-2025 sc25033cp § The AI TOSC⠀➾ § A report on the 97th meeting of 29 and 30 April 2025 Introduction The Technical and Operational Support Committee (TOSC) is a body of the Administrative Council which shall provide opinions on technical information and infrastructure, on technical cooperation (trilateral EPO, JPO and USPTO, and other fora) and on operation issues concerning quality and reuse of available patent procedure results. The 97th meeting of the TOSC took place on 29 and 30 April 2025 in hybrid format in Munich. The administration recently unilaterally decided not to grant staff representatives from The Hague and Vienna duty travel to attend the meeting. The Central Staff Committee (CSC) had to nominate a staff representative from Munich as a replacement to guarantee attendance from the staff representation in person. In the meeting, the EPO presented for the first time its AI Policy and made in particular a follow-up on its “quality” initiatives. EPO AI Policy: Better inform late than never? The Office adopted an AI Policy1 in February 2025 and published it to EPO staff in a news item of 5 March 20252. The document was adopted without consultation of staff and their representation, and without any decision from the Administrative Council. On the agenda of the TOSC, the EPO tabled a presentation on the EPO AI Policy3 but not the EPO AI Policy itself. The Office provided the delegations with a link to the policy document4 on the Single Access Portal (SAP) only the day before the meeting. They had little to no chance to have a close look at the document before. In the meeting, the Chair of the TOSC (DE) asked the Office who they consulted for this policy. The Office reacted with a non-answer. Norway noted that they received the policy by link the day before and asked how this would influence cooperation with the Office. The Deputy-Chair of the TOSC (UK) declared that their policy staff in the national patent office would now have a close look at the EPO document. ____________ 1 “EPO AI Policy“ as published in March 2 “New EPO AI policy adopted”, Intranet news item of 05-03-2025 3 CA/T 10/25 4 “EPO AI Policy“ as published in April ===================================================================== In the presentation, the Office claimed to be in line with the EU AI- Act and insisted on its human- centric approach to AI which it defines as “final decisions at the EPO being taken by human actors”. This definition actually departs from the one of the EU AI Act (Recital 6) defining human- centric AI as having the aim of increasing human well-being. Before the meeting, the staff representation had already expressed its concerns on the policy by letter to the President5 (replied by the CTO/COO and CIO) and in its paper on AI-automated patent classification6. The full intervention from the staff representation is annexed to the present paper. Update on quality actions: “Quality is timeliness. Quality is consistency.” In the meeting, PD Quality and Practice Harmonisation gave an Update on the EPO Quality actions7. The actions continue to focus on processes rather than on the delivery of valid and enforceable patents. The Office opened the presentation by stating that “[o]ur people is the foundation of our quality” but at the same time celebrated the use of “Leveraged AI” with increased AI-based classification. In the AC meeting of March 20258, Mr Rowan (VP1) had however acknowledged issues: “[o]n the topic of the use of AI in classification there were areas where AI did not yet meet the required quality standards, so tasks were still done manually.” The Office presented the “Active Search Division” (ASD) project as a success with 260.000 searches under ASD without explaining how positive effects can be derived from it. Until now, the checks to be performed remain undefined and no time is allocated for it. The presentation praised increased efficiency of procedure and harmonisation with “fewer communications needed before grant”. In the framework of harmonising practices, the Office considers as outliers those among examiners with a high rate of oral proceedings and strives to bring them into the direction of shortening the procedure towards grant9. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_harmonising_practice⦈_ ____ 5 “EPO AI policy: A policy requiring open debate and consultation of stakeholders”, CSC letter to the President of 21-03-2025 (sc25022cl) 6 “Towards humanless patent classification?”, CSC paper of 11-04-2025 (sc25024cp) 7 CA/T 15/25 8 CA/16/25, par. 48 9 “Harmonising towards 0% refusal?”, CSC paper of 26-09-2024 (sc24058cp) ===================================================================== The “harmonisation” project has actually led in 2024 to arbitrary reallocation of patent applications and cancellation of oral proceedings10. The full intervention from the staff representation is annexed to the present paper. IT-Cooperation, Patent Knowledge and Observatory The TOSC is an opportunity for national patent offices (NPOs) to get information and give feedback on the services and products provided by the EPO to them. Among them are: ANSERA-based Search (AbS) which is a trimmed version of Ansera, Front Office (FO) which is a portal for patent applicants of NPOs, and the Legal Interactive Platform11. The Office presented its activities in Patent Knowledge12 and the delegations thanked the Office for the work done. The staff representation intervened to explain that the responsible Department is currently being disbanded. Neither the Office nor the delegations seemed concerned. Finally, the Office presented its progress report and work plan in the Observatory on Patent and Technology13. The responsible Department is noticeably staffed with horizontally promoted former Principal Directors/Chief Operating Officers. Sincerely yours, The Central Staff Committee Annex: Interventions from the staff representation ____________ 10 “Arbitrary reallocation of patent applications and cancellation of oral proceedings”, CSC paper of 12-09- 2024 (sc24056cp) 11 CA/T 12/25 12 CA/T 14/25 13 CA/T 16/25 ===================================================================== Intervention on agenda item 2.2: EPO AI Policy Thank you Mr Chairman The EU AI Act was adopted after discussion and vote in the EU Parliament. It entered into force on 1 August 2024. The EPO has adopted its AI Policy in February and communicated it as such to staff in March. It did not seek in advance the opinion and vote of the Member States. The EU AI Act (Recital 6) defines human-centric AI as having the aim of increasing human well- being. The EPO AI Policy does not mention human well-being and has a different definition. For the EPO, human-centric AI means that final decisions are made by humans. AI can then make the intermediate steps. If there is no systematic human review of intermediate steps, AI then influences the final decision and humans lose the control. A human review of intermediate steps should be maintained. The EPO AI Policy explicitly does not exclude the use of AI in recruitment and promotions. This would necessarily involve categorisation and profiling actually which are forbidden. Recruitment and promotions are today decisions made by managers exercising their managerial discretion. Managerial discretion requires careful control of the facts while balancing human factors. Without managerial discretion, there can be no manager. AI should be no substitute to managerial discretion. There is already an area where AI has started to supplant EPO officials and that is for the classification of patent applications. Since June 2024, allocated classes by unauthorised classifiers can be marked by AI as final without any confirmation from authorised classifiers and gérants in the relevant fields. The classification decision is done without the final input of the relevant experts who are simply supplanted by AI. A poll run in February/March among the 245 gérants in the technical fields showed that 67% of these experts are dissatisfied with the quality of the AI classification. Nevertheless, the Office announced it will continue with the aim of reaching a target proportion of 90% of classification tasks that no longer require human intellectual classification. Only 10% of human classification shall remain in 2028. It is questionable whether there will be enough fresh and accurate data even for the purpose of AI training. An accurate patent classification is necessary for humans to successfully retrieve patent information. For maintaining the quality of classification data, AI should assist authorised classifiers, not supplant them. The AI classification process should be revised. Thank you Mr Chairman Intervention on agenda item 7.1. Update on quality actions Thank you Mr Chairman, 260.000 searches were under the Active Search Division. The Active Search Division is not defined in the Internal Instructions, the checks to be performed are not defined and no time is allocated for it. Checks require time and clearly defined processes. AI was leveraged in classification. As explained yesterday, a poll run in February/March among the 245 classification experts (gérants) in the technical fields showed that 67% of them are dissatisfied with the quality of the AI classification. Accurate classification is essential for the quality of the search. Search examiners use the classes in their search queries. Automated search providers also make use of the classification. If search examiners lose their trust in the classification, engagement in the search will decrease and the quality of the service will suffer. Fewer communications are now needed for grant. One may see this as increased efficiency in obtaining the right outcome with applicants. But, in an Office where speed and timeliness remain the prominent criteria for performance assessment, the incentive is strong to directly grant or grant after fewer communications as it is the easiest solution. Radical changes were enforced in areas of computer implemented inventions, in the assessment of clarity and in the assessment of technical matter, some of them contradicting milestone decisions of the Boards of Appeal like G1/19. Special units under the name “Quality control and peer review” not in line with Article 18 EPC were put in place. Instructions are given not to raise clarity objections and not to raise objections of non-technicality. Examiners are prevented from sending summons to oral proceedings which may have led to a refusal and instructed to aim for the easiest outcome: a grant. This deprives the files from a review that could have taken place in the Boards of Appeal. The Harmonization Dashboard reflects this tendency. Teams have been reshuffled and enlarged and different fields mixed together. Concerning Harmonization: the outliers are considered to be those who have a high-rate of oral proceedings which potentially end in the patent application being refused. Therefore, the Harmonization goes towards a shorter procedure for granting patent applications. The Office mentioned earlier today the initiative “Voice of our Users” exploring the importance of enforceable patents. Members of the Industry Patent Quality Charter were interviewed and for instance, Mr Filip de Corte from Syngenta. Syngenta insisted that patent examiners should have a more critical review of patent applications. Such a critical review is currently not encouraged but rather discouraged. Thank you Mr Chairman It is important to reiterate that what they put forth is: 1) not legal, lacks a democratic process. 2) lacks intelligence, they just surf the hype wave and media frenzy over slop (which is falsely characterised as "AI"). This is what Europe gets for allowing corrupt officials to seize powerful seats, owing to a culture of bribery and nepotism. At the end one can expect a lot more monopolies for the rich and hence higher costs for non-rich people. And this is exactly what they're trying to accomplish. They're even hijacking jurists. They now own and control patent offices, courts, and public officials. They don't care about charters, constitutions, conventions, and laws. EPC is ignored with impunity. Nobody in Europe voted for any of this. █ * Links_29/05/2025:_US_Health_Deficit_and_Malware_Disguised_as_Slop Generator * Links_29/05/2025:_Chinese_Cracking_Against_EU_Institutions_(Prague),_More Assaults_on_Media_and_Its_Funding_Sources ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⣿⠛⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⢿⡿⠛⠛⢿⡟⢻⣿⣿⠻⣿⠟⠛⢿⡟⢿⡟⢻⣿⡟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠰⠘⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢘⣃⣸⠁⣿⣿⠀⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⡇⢸⣿⣶⣿⡌⢰⣿⣿⢃⡁⠞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⣦⣽⣤⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣧⣬⣥⣼⣧⣬⣭⣽⣤⣷⣬⣭⣴⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣬⣥⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣛⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠐⣾⡟⠛⢂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⡏⡏⠭⢙⠁⣬⢹⡏⡘⣷⡄⣾⠁⠴⣿⡏⣵⡌⡏⠙⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠸⠵⣼⢸⣹⡆⣥⡤⣦⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⡄⠈⡞⢻⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⣡⣇⣾⣿⣄⣩⣼⣰⣦⣹⣧⣿⣄⣛⣿⣧⣍⣥⣧⣼⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠘⣷⠿⠷⣶⣾⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⢠⠷⢷⠀⡇⠀⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠟⠻⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢻⠛⠛⢻⠻⡿⢻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠙⠷⠾⠿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡜⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡴⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡇⢾⠷⢸⠸⣿⢸⠇⠂⢹⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣧⢡⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⡀⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣄⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡭⠩⠭⠍⢽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣽⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣭⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣭⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠹⡿⢩⣍⣯⡍⣭⡏⡟⣩⡙⡏⠹⡏⣟⠩⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣅⣳⣘⣋⣿⣇⣿⣇⣧⣛⣣⣇⣰⣄⣿⣓⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡆⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⠿⠟⢛⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢸⣸⡿⠋⠀⠀⢀⣾⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣿⠏⠈⠙⠻⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⢾⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⡌⡇⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣟⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⣒⣾⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢧⣶⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⣿⠟⠀⠹⠟⠛⣹⣿⣿⣦⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⠟⠛⠙⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⣿⠀⣠⣴⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢟⣾⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿ ⣿⠿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋ ⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣤⣶ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠙⢻ ⣿⣿⡄⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾ ⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠿⠟⠋⠘⠻⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣛⡛⢛⣛⠛⣛⣛⣛⠛⡛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⠛⡛⡛⣛⢛⢛⡛⢛⢛⡛⣛⣛⡛⣛⠛⣛⢛⠛⣛⣛⡛⣛⢛⣛⡛⢛⢛⡛⡛⡛⠛⢛⢛⣛⣛⣛⠛⠛⢛⣛⣛⢛⠛⢛⠛⣛⢛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿ ⣿⣿⢠⠀⠀⠐⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣆⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⢐⠆⢀⠸⢠⡄⡀⠁⠀⢒⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⡇⡅⠁⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢸⠐⠀⡈⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠂⢁⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣀⣠⣬⣀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠉⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠂⠀⠰⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣀⣉⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠋⠋⠋⠉⠉⡙⠋⠙⠉⠉⠙⠛⠉⠛⠛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠐⢲⣶⣦⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿ 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═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/IRC_Proceedings_Wednesday_May_28_2025.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/IRC_Proceedings_Wednesday_May_28_2025.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Wednesday, May 28, 2025⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cardinal_Bird_Vintage_Old⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #techrights_log #boycottnovell_log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log #techbytes_log =============================================================================== The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights contain all the text. Enter_the_IRC_channels_now * Links_28/05/2025:_'Emulation_Layers'_(Measurements_and_Linguistics), Libraries,_and_Discomfort * Over_at_Tux_Machines... ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠀⣰⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⠈⠀⢰⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⡟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢤⣠⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣟⡟⠉⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡴⠋⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠋⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 813 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Asbestos_Removal⦈_ ⚓ Updated This Past Day⠀⇛ 1. ⚓ SteamOS_destroys_Windows⠀⇛ Never forget that everything you do in KDE is impactful 2. ⚓ TUXEDO_Stellaris_16_Gen7_Linux_Laptop_Unveiled_with_128_GB_RAM,_HDR Display⠀⇛ TUXEDO Computers unveiled today the 7th generation (Gen7) of their TUXEDO Stellaris 16 Linux laptop, designed for those who are in the market for a gaming notebook with maximum power. 3. ⚓ AMD_Releases_Linux_Drivers_for_Radeon_RX_9060_XT_and_AI_Pro_R9700⠀⇛ AMD has quietly released new Linux drivers for its latest graphics cards 4. ⚓ GNU/Linux_Becoming_Mainstream_on_Laptops_and_Desktops [original]⠀⇛ GNU/Linux earned respect and is no longer being talked about as an 'underdog' ⚓ New⠀⇛ 5. ⚓ Security_Leftovers⠀⇛ Security picks for today 6. ⚓ GNU/Linux_and_BSD_Leftovers⠀⇛ mostly about GNU/Linux though 7. ⚓ Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software_and_Standards⠀⇛ FOSS leftovers 8. ⚓ Videos/Audiocasts/Shows:_Ask_Noah_Show_on_RHEL,_GNU/Linux_Commands Every_Beginner_Should_Know,_MakuluLinux,_and_Linux_Matters⠀⇛ 4 new picks 9. ⚓ Red_Hat/IBM_Buying_Fake_'Journalism'_About_Themselves,_Fedora_Plans Party_Tomorrow⠀⇛ some IBM leftovers 10. ⚓ Open_Hardware/Modding:_Raspberry_Pi,_Arduino,_and_More⠀⇛ some hardware picks 11. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛ Development picks, some news about software 12. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ 4 howtos only 13. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛ Android Auto wants to let you play videos while driving, but it's not what you think 14. ⚓ The_Chromebook_Plus_Might_Be_the_Best_Choice_For_Linux_Newbies⠀⇛ Have you been wanting to try out Linux 15. ⚓ Ubuntu_25.04_Plucky_Puffin_–_A_Brief_Walkthrough⠀⇛ Ubuntu 25.04, codenamed Plucky Puffin, released in April 2025 16. ⚓ Free_and_Open_Source_Software,_howtos_and_Installations⠀⇛ This is free and open source software 17. ⚓ today's_leftovers⠀⇛ Ubuntu, Debian, and more 18. ⚓ Open_Hardware/Modding_Leftovers⠀⇛ raspberry pi and more 19. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ idroot, redhat, and more 20. ⚓ Klinge_FPGA_Computer_Targets_Secure,_Headless_Linux_Deployments⠀⇛ It targets secure networking and long-term Linux applications 21. ⚓ Games:_Lambda_Fortress,_Splitgate_2,_Zombies_vs_Vampires_Fest,_Winnie the_Pooh_in_Winnie's_Hole,_and_More⠀⇛ 7 stories from GamingOnLinux 22. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛ Some of the latest articles ========================================================================= The corresponding text-only bulletin for Wednesday contains all the text. * IRC_Proceedings:_Wednesday,_May_28,_2025 * Serial_Sloppers_Ruin_and_Lessen_the_Incentive_to_Cover_"Linux" ⣾⣿⣿⠋⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⣛⠛⠷⡔⠈⠐⠁⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠴⡌⠻⣿⣿⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⠋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⣠⣿⣦⡀⠠⢤⣄⡀⡷⠀⠀⢴⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⡦⣾⣿⣄⣌⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣇⠈⢙⣒⣈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿ ⣿⣽⣿⣿⣄⠀⢀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣧⣰⡆⡹⠿⠋⠀⡀⠙⢲⣿⣧⠀⠙⡷⣿⣿⠀⠻⣿⣟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣻⣿⣤⡟⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⣿⣿⣿⣗⡘⢡⢿⣿⣟⠁⢀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡄⠀⠱⣦⣀⡉⢿⠛⠻⣷⣿⣿⡐⣠⣃⠀⠁⠀⢀⠙⢻⣦⣤⠘⣞⣿⡇⣠⣤⣿⡇⢘⢿⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣶⡄⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⣽⣿⡿⠉⠠⡛⢢⣽⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣾⣇⠠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢀⣶⣌⡈⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣨⣺⣽⣌⡀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣇⠰⠀⠈⢁⣫⠿ ⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⠀⠹⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⣴⠆⠈⣽ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡘⡆⠄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠻⣿⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢠⣨⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠫⠤⠖⢶⣦⣿⣿ ⡙⠟⠷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣶⣧⣶⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⣿⣷⢏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣭⠉⢻⠛⢉⣭⣿⣄⢘⣓⠻⢋⡉⠈⣹⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢰⣤⣹⣖⠀⠚⣿⣯⡿ ⠆⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⣽⣿⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣨⣿⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡏⠀⠈⠛⡿⢻⡶⣼⢻⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠃⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣤⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⡀⢆⠈⠇⠀⠻⠠⢛ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠈⣿⡑⠘⣿⡿⣿⣗⠛⠉⠙⣷⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣾⣷⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⣠⡿ ⣀⡀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣻⣿⡿⡸⣿⣻⢳⣫⡾⣣⢿⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠻⠿⢟⣿⡟⠥⣿⣿⡗⠰⢿⠀⢠⠃⢸⣿⣇⡀⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⣀⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⣃⣿⣣⠁⣿⣿⣄⡏⣰⣯⡌⣿⠆⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣅⣰⣄⡰⣸⣗⣸⣿⣿⡀⡁⡈⣿⣿⡏⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣯⣣⣾⣿⣿ ⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⢠⡼⡶⠒⢹⣿⣏⣹⣵⠾⠀⢰⢑⣿⣿⣿⡟⣾⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⡀⣠⣿⣿⠃⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠢⣀⢨⣿⣟⠼⢏⡾⠉⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠇⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣷⣾⡅⣠⠀⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣟⣴⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⡚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⠇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⡄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⣿⠃⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡘⠃⡀⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⡇⣿⣿⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⠀⠁⠉⠙⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠋⢴⠿⡃⠀⠉⠀⠀⡽⠛⠁⣝⢿⠇⠰⢱⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣷⡀⠰⡽⠃⠀⠃⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⢹⣧⡀⢘⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⠀⢰⠿⢬⠀⠀⠁⠈⢻⣿⣿⠀⠘⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠟⠁⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠂⠳⢆⠐⠀⠀⠘⠟⢛⡿⠿⡄⠀⢁⠄⢀⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠟⣴⢋⠁⠐⠊⣀⣀⣀⣉⣡⣴⠾⠇⠀⠁⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠁⠃⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⢛⠽⣿⠿⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠉⠙⠛⠛⠾⠛⠓⠒⠈⠉⠉⠉⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⢠⣇ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1006 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/People_s_Understanding_of_the_History_of_GNU_Linux_is_Changing.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/People_s_Understanding_of_the_History_of_GNU_Linux_is_Changing.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ People's Understanding of the History of GNU/Linux is Changing⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025, updated May 29, 2025 17_hours_ago: (in Argentina) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇_Open_Source_Software:_entre_la_IA_y_el_futuro⦈_ Moments ago we saw a_new_article_in_Spanish, which starts with Richard M. Stallman (RMS), who visited Argentina many times and did interviews there (we mentioned one earlier this week in IRC). He also got robbed in Argentina. A decade ago he told me (RMS and I met a few times in the UK) that his camera was among the items in his then-stolen bag. In case people wonder why he often has his bag (important personal belongings) next to him in the podium, bear that in mind. It was a scarring experience. Never mind the event where people could not comprehend Spanish, the occasional hospitalisation (canceled talk/s) etc. RMS does not have an easy life. But he has freedom (ease and freedom are not the same thing; sometimes freedom is the luxury of being able to say "no!"). That_makes_many_people_jealous. They then attack what they refuse to accept as a viable option, a possibility. The above article, Open Source Software: entre la IA y el futuro , goes back to the roots and does not attribute "Open Source" to RMS; the caption says "Richard Stallman en los inicios del movimiento por el software libre, impulsando las cuatro libertades esenciales del usuario." Yes, software libre... libertades etc. Hours ago in 'Hacker' 'News' somebody_wrote: "It was on Richard Stallman's radar in 1983 when he chose to model his GNU system on Unix. Note that at the time Stallman was also an employee of an elite institution (MIT's AI Lab)." It moreover says that "Richard Stallman free-software movement was the main force driving the Unix design into the hands of the hobbyists, but it took almost a decade for it to do that. When David Cutler arrived at Microsoft in October 1988 to start the NT project, Unix was still mainly associated with elite institutions." At the end UNIX won, but more so the free "clones" of it. In many contexts, not just servers and mobile, Windows became or always remained a negligible niche player. Now Microsoft runs out of money; people from Microsoft tell us that it is chaotic, as people get sacked based on their salaries, not their importance or capability. Put bluntly, Microsoft is running out of money. It's bluffing. GNU/Linux (and BSD) is the future. It_is. In my experience, nowadays more people know about and recognise where it really started. More and more people now mention "GNU" by name. The Linux_Foundation and its flunkies couldn't just delete it from history and purge it from people's collective minds/psyche. Earlier this week RMS gave a talk in the EU (Italy) and it was probably his best attended talk since the trip to India. We wrote about it thrice or twice a day since, including in [1, 2, 3]. The audience had a grasp of who this guy was and that's why nearly 500 people attended, even at short notice (it was announced on Friday and happened on Monday, a holiday in the US and in the UK). When RMS visited and gave talks in India we published: This_is_Why_They're_So Afraid_of_Richard_Stallman_(He_Tells_People_the_Correct_History) It is important for us to not only give correct attribution (a scientist's instinct and a matter of professional integrity) but also spread the message and ideals of free software and - by extension - of whole computers, including the hardware. For people to exercise control over their lives in an increasingly digitalised world they must insist on Software Freedom, probably as an nonnegotiable starting point. The rest follows from there... RMS is not a radical, he's just clever enough to see and foresee what's going on. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Recently_Richard_visited_BITS_Pilani_:)⦈_ * Serial_Sloppers_Ruin_and_Lessen_the_Incentive_to_Cover_"Linux" * United_States_Courts_With_Sworn_Testimonies_Are_on_Our_Side,_We'll Present_the_Same_Here ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣮⠁⠻⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⡀⡀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⣀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⠃⠀⣼⣿⢋⣉⠀⡠⠤⢠⠠⡤⢤⢀⠤⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠁⠁⠀⠉⠈⠉⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠋⠀⠘⠿⠃⠘⠿⠁⠨⠽⠸⠀⠇⠸⠘⠦⠜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠘⠘⠠⠅⠺⠈⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠄⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠁⡆⢘⠛⢛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⡄⠊⠄⣾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠂⠄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠂⢣⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⠀⠀⢀⡀⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣮⣛⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⡍⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠟⡛⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣔⣓⠼⠋⢉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠁⠉⠨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠚⠩⠿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⡶⣠⣄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣾⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⡟⠀⠀⣿⣿⣗⣾⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠟⡛⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⣡⣾⣿⡛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣾⣿⡿⢃⣿⣿⡟⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⠇⢀⣿⣿⡿⠁⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⢀⣾⣿⣿⠇⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠋⡍⠛⢻⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⢏⣾⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⡄⠂⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠁⠸⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⠓⠀⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠂⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠐⠐⠒⠐⠂⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠐⠐⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡍⡟⠛⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡶⠩⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⡝⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⡟⢝⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⣟⢭⣻⠿⢿⢫⢻⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⢻⠿⡿⡿⣿⡏⢿⢿⣿⢹⡟⣹⣿⡿⡿⣿⠿⢿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣘⣻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣧⡇⣧⣧⣶⣧⣧⣿⣯⣧⣧⣯⣦⣧⣧⣿⣼⣵⣴⣾⣯⣿⣴⣽⣼⣼⣼⣧⣦⣼⣴⣼⣼⣴⣶⣿⣿⣴⣾⣼⣼⣼⣼⣧⣦⣿⣧⣵⣼⣿⣼⣵⣧⣿⡧⣸⣿⣴⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣐⣒⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⠀⠠⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠟⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣯⣵⡖⣦⣼⡇⠀⠀⢿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠃⠀⠴⠶⠎⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠿⠛⠛⡓⠀⠙⠾⠯⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠤⢴⣤⡄⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⢦⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⢉⣧⠈⠚⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠄⠀⣿⣧⡍⠙⠻⢿⠿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣠⠊⠉⠀⠈⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣿⣿⣤⡿⠁⠁⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣂⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠉⠛⠻⡛⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⠇⠀⢀⣶⣾⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠘⣜⡿⢿⡿⢿⡀⢰⣶⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣗⠿⠄⠇⠨⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣦⣥⣤⣦⣶⢧⣼⣿⣿⡿⠦⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⢰⡀⢠⣄⢠⢄⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠿⣿⢿⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠘⠙⠙⠋⠈⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢠⢰⣾⠈⠁⢠⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣊⢡⠈⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣨⠀⠁⠷⡸⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠉⠌⠃⠸⣦⡀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⢻⢣⣹⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢁⡟⠞⠈⣦⣀⠁⢡⡀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠁⢸⣮⣻⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠢⠤⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢘⠃⡀⢰⢿⠏⠀⠈⠁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠾⠛⠛⠟⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⡀⣷⠈⠀⣠⣶⠄⠀⠻⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡦⢀⣠⣤⣴⡞⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠵⠟⠈⠃⠀⡀⠀⠉⠁⠀⡀⠰⡌⠙⣦⡀⠄⠀⠀⠛⠫⡏⠁⠙⠃⠀⠂⠀⠀⢀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠟⠋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠈⠸⠄⢨⡀⠘⠀⠀⢤⣤⡘⠷⠀⢰⣮⠛⠈⠀⠀⣰⣶⠟⠁⠁⢢⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢀⡀⠰⢰⡧⡀⠐⣿⡎⠛⠁⣀⠰⡄⠉⠀⣄⠠⠀⠹⡀⠄⠤⠘⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1228 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Serial_Sloppers_Ruin_and_Lessen_the_Incentive_to_Cover_Linux.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Serial_Sloppers_Ruin_and_Lessen_the_Incentive_to_Cover_Linux.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Serial Sloppers Ruin and Lessen the Incentive to Cover "Linux"⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 The Serial Sloppers (SSs) ought to be named and shamed, but almost nobody does this Earlier this week the news circulated about Armbian v25.5 (we collected news about it in [1, 2]) and about a day later the Serial_Sloppers (SSs) were already at it: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Armbian_v25.5_Enhances_Security_for_ARM-based_Devices⦈_ Similarly, Linux 6.15 was released by Torvalds on Sunday night (afternoon his time; he's in the far west) and lots of coverage_followed. Then came the SS: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Linux_6.15_Kernel_Released_with_Key_Security_Updates⦈_ Nope, it's not a real article. All those articles are LLM slop. They're fakes. They're 'state-of-the-art' plagiarism. It's rather frustrating to us (to my wife in particular*) that no "Linux bloggers" (like Borisov, Nestor, Wallen and so on) even dare mention this problem. We need to call out the culprits (SSs) and ensure people get exposed to accurate information written by people who actually understand the topics. A lot of today's FUD about "Linux" isn't written by humans but instead spewed out by Microsoft-controlled LLMs. It's like the "white genocide" scandal except in tech (MElon's LLM spewing out particular kinds of racism). █ ____ * She has brought this up about 10 times already, including yesterday afternoon. The LLM slop makes curation harder and it may cause the drive/ incentive to write new, original articles to be very low. Writers don't want to "compete" with bots that rip them off. * Over_at_Tux_Machines... * People's_Understanding_of_the_History_of_GNU/Linux_is_Changing ⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⡐⣿⣿⠻⠛⠻⠛⣯⢿⣿⣿⢛⢻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡎⢿⢩⡏⡏⡏⡇⡏⡏⡏⠻⡏⡏⣿⡝⣽⠪⢾⠯⣻⢿⡏⣿⡇⣭⡏⡏⡇⡏⡯⡏⡏⡏⡏⣯⡹⢽⡙⣿⢮⢹⠹⢽⢹⡏⠏⡏⣯⢹⡿⣏⣻⣿⢸⢹⢹⢹⣽⣟⡎⢿⢸⢸⢆⢳⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡏⠏⢹⢝⡏⠯⡏⡇⣿⡇⡿⣈⢯⣏⢯⡏⡏⣿⢹⢽⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢨⣅⢉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣹⣴⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣓⣷⣿⣽⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣟⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠀⠠⢤⣀⢠⢀⣀⡀⢀⠀⣀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠾⠸⠏⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠨⠨⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣧⣍⡌⢺⣯⣘⣨⣙⡫⣊⠝⢛⣫⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣾⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⣿⢹⢻⢻⢻⢻⡻⣻⡟⡽⣿⣿⢹⣩⢽⣯⠙⣽⢟⢟⢟⢻⢻⢟⢿⢹⡏⠩⡻⡻⡏⠟⢻⢟⠿⢛⢟⢻⢛⢹⡟⡟⣿⢹⢻⢹⢻⣿⠹⢽⠟⢻⢻⣻⡏⢽⢟⠿⡛⡟⡟⡟⣻⢹⢹⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣽⣼⣼⣼⣾⣼⣵⣽⣷⣵⣯⣿⣼⣮⣾⣯⣴⣼⣮⣯⣽⣬⣬⣮⣿⣼⣧⣴⣵⣽⣧⣶⣿⣼⣼⣵⣮⣿⣾⣼⣿⣶⣾⣼⣾⣬⣬⣿⣼⣬⣮⣿⣳⣿⣯⣿⣮⣷⣾⣷⣧⣧⣿⣼⣼⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⢹⢛⡻⢻⢹⡛⢻⢹⠛⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣘⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢀⡃⠉⣹⣿⣏⣉⣯⣉⣉⡙⣏⣛⡉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣛⣻⣻⣿⣻⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣺⣟⣚⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⢢⣤⢀⣰⢤⣠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠋⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠅⠉⢀⠐⠬⠝⠛⠟⡂⠒⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1341 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Thanks_for_All_the_Fish_Linux_Format.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Thanks_for_All_the_Fish_Linux_Format.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Thanks for All the Fish, Linux Format⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Linux_Format⦈_ Today's hot - albeit saddening - news is that "Linux_Format_Magazine_Ends_with Issue_329" and people who once wrote for it (or for other magazines) comment on the importance of this news, with one stating: "Linux Format Magazine ends publication after 25 years - joining Linux Journal, Ubuntu User, Maximum Linux and many other now-dead Linux publications." The same goes for many "Linux" podcasts. In Issue 138 (December 2010) there was an_article_about_us_and_I_was_on_the cover_page: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Roy_Schestowitz_in_Linux_Format⦈_ I still have a physical copy somewhere. Tim (from TechBytes) gave it to me. █ * Links_29/05/2025:_YouTube_Problem_and_Giant_Privacy_Hole_in_Microsoft OneDrive * Links_29/05/2025:_Turtle_Roadkill,_Modern_'Tech'_as_a_Sting ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣦⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡿⠿⠿⣠⣶⡿⠿⣷⣄⢸⣿⡿⢿⣶⡄⣿⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⣷⠀⢠⣿⣷⡸⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠀⠀ ⣿⡿⠿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣆⠀⢸⣿⣷⣶⡄⣿⣿⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣰⣿⣿⣿⢀⣾⡟⢿⣧⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⢸⡇⡇⡇⣥⣿⣙⢻⡇⣿⡇⠇⡇⡇⡇⣧⡇⡆⣿⣧⢻⡸⢎⡇⠇⡇⣿⢺⡇⣧⣿⡇⡆⡎⢻⢸⢘⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠻⣿⣤⣤⣾⡟⢹⣿⠉⢿⣷⡀⣿⡇⢿⣿⠏⣿⣿⣼⡿⠿⠿⣿⣆⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠁⠈⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢟⡻⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣜⣣⣿⠊⢺⣸⣜⣺⣹⣸⣸⣿⣻⣯⣟⣽⣻⣿⣟⣼⣫⣿⣼⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⡏⠉⠉⠉⠹⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⢹⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⡏⠉⠙⣯⠉⠉⠉⠉⢿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠉⢩⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⢧⡀⠀⠀⠈⢿⠟⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣻⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡤⠤⠤⣀⣠⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣝⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢸⠟⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢇⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⡘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⠏⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠑⠬⣉⣉⣁⠤⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙ ⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣦⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣶⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⡟⣷⡤⣤⣤⡄⣴⠛⣢⣤⣤⢤⣤⡄⠺⣷⠀⢺⡆⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢠⣤⡜⢉⣤⡈⢻⠀⣤⡉⠋⠀⢹⡏⠀⢽⡏⠀⢫⣤⠀⣤⣽⡇⠀⢀⣘⣃⣛⣃⡻⣟⡀⣈⣛⡉⣛⣙⢈⣛⣁⣙⣋⣛⢛⣃⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣯⢩⠙⠟⢿⣿⣿⡟⡟⡻⡟⢛⢟⠟⢿⢹⡻⢻⡏⡿⢛⠛⡿⢟⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣤⣇⠘⠿⠇⣰⠀⣄⠐⡇⢰⡀⢠⠀⡼⢀⣁⠀⢿⠀⣿⣿⠇⠀⠈⣍⣻⣩⣛⣋⣋⣍⡍⣝⣉⣋⣙⣹⣋⣏⣉⡛⣛⣭⣍⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠿⠾⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠶⠶⠿⠾⠶⠾⠷⠶⠾⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠿⠷⠾⠿⠿⠷⠶⠾⠿⠶⠿⠶⠶⠾⠷⠾⠶⠷⠾⠿⠷⠾⠶⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠉⠉⠉⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣧⣧⣿⣼⣧⣷⣽⣿⣼⣮⣧⣿⣬⣼⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⢤⣀⣀⣀⡀⣄⢀⡀⣀⣠⢀⢀⢀⣄⣄⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠘⠁⠘⠛⠓⠒⠛⠚⠙⠓⠚⠀⠋⠋⠃⠃⠃⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⢰⣶⣆⣴⣶⣶⡆⢀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⡀⠀ ⠀⢸⠀⡇⡖⡆⣆⣖⣔⠀⡲⣦⣲⡷⡰⡧⡖⣢⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣿⣿⡏⠉⠀⣼⣿⡟⠉⠀⠉⢻⣿⣧⠀⢰⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠙⣿⣿⡇⠀⣼⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⢻⣿⣧⠀⢸⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⢀⣾⣿⠏⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣆ ⠀⢠⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠈⡀⢀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⢺⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠹⣿⣷⣤⣀⣠⣴⣾⡆⠀⠘⢿⣿⣦⣄⣤⣴⣿⣿⡇⠀⠹⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⠟⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿ ⠒⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠘⡣⠷⠖⢴⠺⢴⠀⠿⠰⢶⢖⠆⠞⡲⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⠟⠋⠙⠛⠃⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠿⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠘⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⠿⠛⠉⠻⠋ ⠀⠀⠠⠶⡀⠀⠐⡦⣠⡤⢠⢀⣤⢠⣄⠀⡶⡰⠆⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⢿⡁⡿⢿⣛⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠰⠤⠄⠄⠄⢄⠤⠀⠤⠠⠤⠄⠤⠀⠄⠠⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠃⠷⣭⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀⣿⣿⣴⣶⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣦⠀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶ ⠀⠘⠃⠑⠃⠐⠒⠕⠘⠘⠁⠓⠊⠓⠀⠍⠂⠪⠪⠚⠀⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠙⣿⣷⡀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⢻⣿⡆⠀⢸⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⠘⠀⡁⠀⠐⠐⠀⠐⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⢀⠀⠂⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠈⠈⠀⠁⠀⠁⠈⠉⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⢀⣶⡀⠀⡔⣢⢤⡤⢄⢤⢤⢴⠀⣤⡤⣠⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⡿⠀⠀⢿⣿⣶⣶⣾⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⡿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠈⠿⣿⣶⣶⣿⠀⠈⠿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⡿ ⢠⣼⣿⣇⡄⠤⡤⣠⣠⢄⢤⢠⠀⣄⢤⢰⠀⡠⣤⢠⢤⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣠⣠⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡄⣠⣀⣀⡀⣄⣄⣀⡀⢀⡀⣀⣀⣠⣀⡤⣀⠀⣄⣀⢀⣀⠀⣄⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⠀⣠⣄⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⡠⡄ ⠈⢩⠀⠩⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠀⢉⠈⠀⠁⢁⠀⡁⠀⡀⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠙⠚⠛⠛⠂⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠓⠃⠘⠓⠛⠀⠛⠃⠛⠛⠘⠛⠙⠛⠘⠛⠃⠛⠃⠓⠛⠋⠛⠀⠛⠻⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠈⠛⠛⠛⠓⠃⠛⠛⠛⠂ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⣻⢸⣷⡴⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣟⠆⣶⣶⢸⣸⣖⣶⣾⣶⣶⢾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠸⠢⠶⠆⠖⠠⢶⠰⠐⠴⠂⠻⠰⠲⠶⠖⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⣿⢰⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣵⣶⣶⣆⣾⠧⣾⣶⣦⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢐⡢⣠⠆⢐⢔⠀⣶⠢⡤⠰⢠⠄⡐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⢶⢰⣶⣦⣤⢰⣦⣤⣶⣦⣤⣶⡎⣴⣶⣤⣦⣤⣦⣦⢠⣤⣬⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠰⠀⠤⠀⠀⠠⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡤⣤⡆⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡄⠀ ⠀⣴⣶⣶⣖⣶⣶⡶⣶⠖⠒⠒⠶⠶⠶⠒⠖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠈⠁⣀⣠⣬⣶⣾⣶⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀ ⠀⡿⡿⠻⠿⠻⠟⠀⠛⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡏⣶⣽⠟⡇⢻⠟⢻⠰⣊⢘⡃⡇⢎⣹⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣷⣾⣾⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⡀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠙⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⠔⠂⠈⠉⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣌⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣻⣾⡟⠸⠷⢶⠂⠿⠦⠷⠶⠶⠷⠶⠾⠿⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠤⠵⢶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠰⠶⠿⠾⠶⠶⢰⠶⠶⠶⡶⠿⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢳⠀⠀⢰⣾⣥⠄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠶⠖⠿⠾⠶⠷⠄⠶⠶⠶⠶⠷⠾⢷⠆⠶⠷⠶⠶⠾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡟⠸⢤⠚⠉⠁⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠾⠶⠶⠶⠿⠱⠄⠷⠶⠾⠿⠶⠦⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠚⠉⠉⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢢⡠⠦⠆⠰⣠⠄⠤⣤⣄⡄⠀⣦⣴⠰⢠⢠⡠⢶⣶⠀⡴⠟⢵⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢤⣤⣤⣤⡽⣭⣭⣭⣽⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄ ⠀⠨⠺⠼⠿⠹⠪⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠒⠕⠑⠔⠍⠟⠱⠉⠏⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠂⠏⠹⠱⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡸⡿⢿⡿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠠⠞⠐⠔⠃⠶⠲⠺⠀⠲⠘⠐⠖⠒⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠎⠒⠔⠸⠆⠢⠆⠐⠴⠆⠷⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠒⠂⠒⠒⠂⠦⠶⠾⠢⠀⠲⠲⠆⠀⠀⢸⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠐⠂⠀⠄⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠀⠄⠲⠄⠄⠀⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠀⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠠⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⢸⢐⠉⡉⠉⠉⠂⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠈⠐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠂⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣧⣧⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1454 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/United_States_Courts_With_Sworn_Testimonies_Are_on_Our_Side_We_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/United_States_Courts_With_Sworn_Testimonies_Are_on_Our_Side_We_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ United States Courts With Sworn Testimonies Are on Our Side, We'll Present the Same Here⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 It's_all_in_the_docket_and_was_deemed_admissible 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇SLAPP_clients,_SLAPP_profiteers⦈_ Related: Judges_Would_Never_Rule_for_Men_Who_Strangle_Women_or_Against_Women Who_Merely_Wrote_Articles_About_Abuse_They_Had_Received_From_Men | UK_High Court_Masters_Are_Not_Your_Jesters,_Microsoft | Microsoft's_Serial_Strangler Chose_to_Attack_Techrights_With_SLAPP_When_Over_400_Victims_of_Mohamed_Al_Fayed Complained_About_Media's_Role_in_Enabling_Him YESTERDAY we showed_people how "Microsofters Were Scheming to Take Over This Entire Web Site (in Their Own Words!)" (there's no question about it, it actually happened and my wife meticulously documented it, knowing these_people don't_seem_to_care_what's_legal_and_what's_not!). This_sort_of_abuse predates us reporting and escalating the_matter_to_the police. It opened many cases about it, as I was not the sole victim and more than a single perpetrator existed, as yesterday's article showed. They were coordinating_their_attacks_on_us and spent_years_doing_it, quite_likely_with higher-up_coordination due to Microsoft catastrophes and cover-up_attempts (it goes_as_high_as_a_CEO_at_Microsoft and is_linked to a_$9,000,000,000_lawsuit against_Microsoft for copyright_infringement). Earlier this week the desperate and broke broker of Microsoft_SLAPPs - currently_under_investigation_by_the_Solicitors_Regulation_Authority_(SRA) - sent letters to my wife and to me. They're a British firm acting_for_Americans (sheltered_in_the_woods) who abuse_women... against British_sites that merely report_the_facts, including some of the_most_inconvenient_and_disturbing_ones. What have I done to deserve this? My_advocacy_of_Free_software? Exposing_actual corruption_and_fraud (now_in_court)? Same question, but for my wife too... 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Roy_Schestowitz,_London⦈_ See, these people have absolutely no morals, and this immorality extends beyond their "professional" lives. Their personal_life is a_giveaway, as is their choice_of_language (expletives and worse). Over a year ago they said this_article_about_the_SFC (a flailing copycat group that was sued by the Software_Freedom_Law_Center's_Eben_Moglen for 'impersonation') was defamatory because it said: "About 2 weeks ago Garrett complained about "rapists" in events. He's doing it again. Yes, Mr. "you're missing out" for not looking for sex at FOSS conferences (that's Garrett) keeps saying it. Maybe he is just projecting (his own behaviour), hoping to shift attention to others. He and his spouses (yes, plural) know that there's a deeply troubling history of indecent exposure in front of uninterested men. Sick or deviant behavior from this couple compels them to project, accusing others of what they themselves are guilty of, including transphobia. We'll write about this later in the year and also present court documents to support these assertions." Now he's_openly_associating with people who do orgies (they_know_each_other) and tell_girlfriends_to_kill_themselves (sometimes_even_strangling_them). Stay classy,_sir. You're only reinforcing the stigma many people already had in their minds for years. In the future we'll show that all of this (quoted above) is factual, not just an honest statement of opinion. It's just very inconvenient to the man who harassed me since 2012 [1, 2] and SLAPPed_me_since_2021 (the goal isn't to win a case [1, 2] but to game_the_system_to_scare_people while defaming them on GAFAM's payroll; in_2011 the same_group did the same thing, but this only intensified over time). The above statements were already clarified and the above spouses now have very serious addiction issues (apparently a_common problem in these_circles) - an openly stated and simple fact which serves to show what a terrible husband he is. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇SLAPP;_'UK_and_US_Language_differences:_my_feelings_are hurt',_'I_cannot_find_a_job'⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇What_is_a_SLAPP?⦈_ One of the unfortunate things here is that we found ourselves having to defend ourselves from clinically_insane_people. They're always happy to use their insanity as some kind of moral shield and justification for censorship, harassment_by_process, and worse. As regular readers are probably aware, we spend a lot of money in_the_UK_High Court, fighting against the group that does "cancel"_brigading_online. Today's part is one of very many (yesterday_was_an_important_reminder_of_their_tactics - they try to hijack other people's sites, not just their_IRC_accounts) and we expect over 1,000 more parts (sure, this_can_take_years, but it needs to be done, as accountability_matters). The_same_goes_for_the_EPO. SLAPPs_must_end_up costing_the_SLAPPers_in_proportion_to_the_suffering_induced. That's the only way for SLAPPers to learn; failure is the best teacher. Chronicling what happened is a moral imperative, and not_just_ours, including calling out the immoral facilitators [1, 2], who didn't stop to think of the societal obligations which come with a Law Degree and instead chased money by all means possible, irrespective of this occupation's regulation and rules pertaining to professional conduct. There's a huge difference between exercising/practising law and reputation_laundering by extortion. The case we filed deals with 3 FSF board_members_who_got_targeted. It also deals with two very_prominent_Linux_developers, among_others. Given persistence, justice can and will be_served. A system of justice is better than "law of the jungle" (which is at best a ruthless,_merciless_"ecosystem"). As Rianne put_it_in_May_last_year, "The Truth is About to Prevail" (it_usually does). Her site turns 21 in_less_than_2_weeks. We plan to party and celebrate this milestone, as not many sites make_it_this_far. By the end of the year justice will be served and the Court will approve disclosure of Court documents, as the Barrister suggests. Then, everyone will see the simple facts: Did the Microsofter stalk us 24/7 in IRC (our own network!) for several years? Yes. Did he try to cause problems? Yes. Did the mischief include stealing other people's usernames? Yes. Did he issue threats? Affirmative. Did he scheme to censor the site and IRC? Definitely. That's clearly the textbook definition of harassment. People's online discourse is hard to erase, so evidences we possess is ample. Conspiring with other people is a liability, not a joking matter. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇oh_good_lord,_New_York?_Thanks_for_the_evidence_that_I've been_part_of_the_conspiracy_for_20_years⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Balabhadra_(Alex)_Graveley,_Miguel_de_Icaza⦈_ * People's_Understanding_of_the_History_of_GNU/Linux_is_Changing * [Video]_Cory_Doctorow_Explains_DMCA:_DRM_in_the_Browser_(or_Webapp)_Will "Make_It_a_Felony_to_Protect_Your_Privacy_While_You_Use_It." ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⢖⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⢸⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠂⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⠀⠀⠲⢾⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⣿⡇⠀⣷⣿⡏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣧⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⢰⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠡⠀⢸⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠉⠐⠂⠴⢁⣤⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣯⡛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⡭⠀⠀⠁⠘⠀⠴⢀⣈⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢟⠒⢠⠄⢀⡈⠁⠞⢠⡔⢀⣈⣽⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⢏⠳⣤⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢩⢻⠇⢠⠀⠀⠋⠰⠂⢠⠄⠀⠙⢹⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠙⠲⣤⡈⠻⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠋⠙⢻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡗⠱⠃⡀⠁⠀⠡⡴⠀⣀⠀⢀⠟⠀⣾⣿⡿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣤⡄⠀⣵⡄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠈⠻⣦⡈⠀⠙⢿⣧⡈⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣜⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⢿⢟⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⡤⠀⠀⠉⠰⠊⢠⡘⢰⣿⠟⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠸⣷⠀⠘⢿⣧⠀⢀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠈⠻⣦⡀⠀⠉⠻⣶⣤⡀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠰⠂⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⢿⣿⣾⢿⣿⡿⣱⣿⢫⣏⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠀⡀⠀⠘⠁⢼⠀⢀⡈⠀⣾⢏⣾⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣧⡀⠘⣿⣇⠀⠣⢻⣿⣿⣯⡻⣗⠀⠀⠈⠻⡆⠀⠀⠙⢯⡃⠁⠤⡄⠉⠁⠙⢿⣿⡿⢿ ⠀⢀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠀⠁⣽⢣⣾⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⣨⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⣠⠀⠀⠊⠀⠶⢊⠘⠋⢸⣿⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⠀⡏⠈⢻⣦⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣆⠑⠀⠀⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠘⣟⠀⠀⠙⣦⣄⠀⠺⣧⣀⣸ ⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⣰⣣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠀⡄⠁⠀⠋⠀⣀⣀⣉⣬⣤⣼⣿⡇⠠⣿⣿⣿⢠⣗⡀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠙⢷⣜⢿⡳⡄⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢄⣀⠘⣦⡀⠀⠈⠿⣷⡀⠈⠙⣿ ⠀⠎⠁⠀⠀⠀⡰⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣼⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠁⠀⣴⡿⣰⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠸⠿⢿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⡍⠪⡢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣟⠊⠡⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣶⣾⣿ ⠀⢐⣦⠀⠀⠀⡆⠃⣟⣯⣵⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠼⠉⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⠀⢠⠋⠀⢸⠏⠁⣾⡿⠿⢛⠙⢨⣹⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠈⢛⢆⠈⢪⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡆⢳⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿ ⠀⢠⡏⠀⠀⢠⡶⢻⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠁⠀⠁⠀⢀⡃⣀⣼⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠁⡀⠀⠑⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿ ⠀⢈⣷⡀⠀⡜⠁⡾⡅⠇⠁⠀⡠⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢰⡟⣼⢿⡿⠛⠛⡏⠙⠉⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⢀⣴⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡛⢿⣿⡿⣦⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿ ⠀⢚⣾⣷⣸⠁⢀⡁⠄⠀⢀⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⢀⣿⠃⢀⣠⣨⣦⣦⣶⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⠋⢱⣿⡿⠟⢉⠀⡑⢌⢢⣿⣄⠈⠻⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢻⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⠀⠀⢀⡀⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢖⣿⣿⣇⢰⡟⠁⠀⢀⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠄⣼⠏⠀⠿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠈⠀⠀⠈⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢢⣱⡛⣌⠂⠀⠘⡧⡡⠀⠀⠈⣷⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣧⣄⣈⣃⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠁⡸⠁⠀⠀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⢠⣦⣤⣄⣋⣠⣤⣶⡄⠀⠐⠏⢣⠈⢦⡀⠀⠈⢚⣦⠀⠀⠘⡆⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢴⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡷⠤⠒⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣜⣄⠁⠀⠱⣄⠀⠀⠱⡄⠀⠀⢛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣶⡾⠋⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⡀⡆⠀⠀⠱⡀⠀⠘⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣸⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⡀⠆⠀⠀⣤⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⢃⢀⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠄⠀⢤⣤⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣷⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣇⠀⠀⢻⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣶⡆⠙⠿⣷⣶⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⠟⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡉⠉⠉⠈⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠱⣤⣠⣿⣿⣏⠉⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣸⣿⣿⡇⠀⡀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⡄⠉⠉⠙⢩⣥⣤⣄⣴⣶⣶⣶⣛⢉⣩⠁⣭⣨⣬⢀⡛⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣾⡀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢰⡇⠀⢠⡇⠀⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢨⣵⣾⣤⡟⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡆⣿⠀⢀⣀⣸⣇⢴⢸⣿⣼⣭⣽⣿⣤⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠿⡿⢻⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⡇⣿⢯⡈⣉⣹⡇⣭⢸⡿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣿⣿⡛⠛⣻⣿⣿⢹ ⠡⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠹⢟⠛⣻⣿⣿⣟⠒⣻⣿⡍⢩⣏⠁⠀⠀⡇⣿⢸⣯⠉⢹⡇⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⢻⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⡏⢸ ⠀⠀⣿⠀⡿⠿⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡌⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⠀⣿⡆⢸⣟⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣇⠀⠀⠀⠠⢿⠼⠿⣜⣘⣓⠊⡟⠗⠯⠀⠀⠼⠸⠿⣭⣭⣉⣻⢷⣾ ⠀⠀⠘⠀⣇⣀⣀⣀⡸⢿⡻⠿⠟⠿⠿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣸⡇⡷⡄⣄⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣤⣿⣇⢀⠃⣤⣄⣤⠬⠖⠋⠉⠉⠉⠁⠩⠭⠭⠭⡁⢀⠒⠋⣈⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⣀⢀⣀⢀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠨⣭⢥⡤⢤⠠⢸ ⠀⠈⠼⡿⠮⠷⠘⢻⣁⣾⡇⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣤⣀⣠⣇⣭⣠⣶⣄⣄⣠⣆⣀⣀⣦⣂⣒⣶⣶⣤⣴⣶⣷⣦⣤⣼⣧⣼⣤⠀⢻⣧⣤⣭⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⡌⠈⡽⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣾ ⣦⡤⡆⠡⠅⣿⣾⣿⣛⠻⢏⣉⡩⣉⡁⠀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢙⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⡧⣿⣿⠻⠿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠉⠉⠟⠒⠒⡾⢿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠿⣿⠛⠛⠛⢥⣿⣻⣿⣿ ⡿⠷⠠⠀⠐⠀⠀⣀⡇⢀⢸⣿⢿⣿⢭⠭⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣿⠛⡛⢿⣶⠷⠹⢿⡿⣾⠟⠙⢿⡟⢻⣿⣦⣤⣾⡿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⠻⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠂⢀⠑⢺⡇⠀⢹⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠁⠐⠿⣿⠟⠛⢻ ⠁⢄⡀⠄⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⢤⡄⠀⠙⣿⢦⡭⠸⠀⠀⣀⡿⠀⠠⠀⡀⣽⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣎⠤⢽⡭⡛⡢⠄⠠⢠⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣧⣠⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠈⠁⠄⠳⠦⣤⢸ ⡀⠀⣑⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣢⣀⡄⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣶⣦⠀⠀⠩⠀⠁⣀⡾⣃⣀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣦⣷⠜⠉⢋⠋⠉⠈⢻⣾⣧⣶⣗⣗⣶⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠟⣿⣿⣷⣤⣶⠆⠀⠀⣾⡇⠀⠤⡶⠖⠛⠟⢿ ⠉⠀⠿⢹⣧⣿⡄⠀⠀⠐⠉⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠻⠀⠀⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠂⣿⡏⢲⢦⢡⢾⣷⣤⠠⣠⢘⠿⢻⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⠀⣤⣾⣿⣇⠄⢀⣶⣧⣴⣦⣬ ⠀⠀⢸⡾⣿⣷⡆⠀⢰⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⡅⠀⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠀⠁⠼⠿⠚⠋⢀⣯⣾⣤⣠⣾⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠫⠍⠋⠋⠁⣾⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⠌⠀⣸⡟⠛⠀⠀⣀⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢸⣄⠀⣷⣴⡆⢠⠀⠀⣀⣸⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣻⣿⣿⣛⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡺⢿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢀⣴⣿⣿⡄⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡇⣿⣿⢱⣮⡀⠀⣻⣏⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠐⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣷⣶⠌⠀ ⠶⠒⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣽⣿⣿⣂⣀⣀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣵⣽⣯⢰⡽⠀⠀⢸⢹⣙⣛⢙⣳⣤⠆⢠⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⢿⣆⣀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⣦⣴ ⣀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠋⠙⠋⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣸⣿⣶⣶⣿⣮⣤⣄⣀⣸⠺⢼⠉⠉⠉⢩⡂⠀⠋⠓⣠⣉⠋⠡⣿⠀⠀⠀⣸⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⢛⡛⣧⣭⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⣙⡋⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣾⣟⠙⣿⣿⣿⠋⣻⣿⣿⠟⠛⠋⠉⣩⣿⡶⠐⠀⠁⠀⢀⣥⡄⣩⡻⣦⣶⡖⣀⣀⣰⣦⣠⣀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠭⠿⣧⣉⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣧⣶⡍⠿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣴⣯⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⣤⣾⣥⣒⠋⠀⢩⣭⣥⣿⣿⣿⡋⠉⠉⠛⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⠋⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣷⣤⡌⢹⣿⣿⣛⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣬⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⣸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡬⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣼⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠰ ⡯⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠈⠩⣦⣴⠟⠛⣿⣤⠀⣀⣠⠾⠟⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡖⠀⠀⣿⣦⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⢻⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠐⠂⠈⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⠆⢀⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⣤ ⣾⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⣭⣻⣿⣏⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡟⡜⣿⢿⣄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣦⣬⣇⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣼⣇⣠⣼⣿ ⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠻⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣵⠋⠘⢿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣴⣮⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣹⣥⣠⣙⣛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣿⣟⠋⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⣾⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⢩⣻⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⠀⣀⣬⣤⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣈⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣟⢻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠻⠻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠶⠄⠀⢀⠈⠻⢿⣏⠀⣉⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠃⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠦⢀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠍⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⡶⠰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣜⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⣀⡀⠀⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⠀⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠦⠀⢴⣾⠁⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠟⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠙⢛⣿⣄⠀⢀⠀⣠⣤ ⣸⣿⣿⡠⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠂⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢬⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣚⣈⣩⣥⣿⣿⣛⣃⣚⣿⣿ ⠛⠁⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠩⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠟⢟⢷⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠟⠉⠀⠐⣦⣄⠀⠉⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠉⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢀⣿⣿⣶⡤⣀⢠⣴⣿⣿⡿⠛⣇⠁⠀⠈⣷⡈⣴⡿⠿⢿⣿⣠⣸⠛⠋⠉⠁⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⠓⠦⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠨⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿ ⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⠔⣺⢿⣿⣷⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠿⠛⠻⠢⠀⠀⠀⢉⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠭⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⢀⣀⣄⣀⣻ ⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠚⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣶⢶⣿⣿⣿⡀⠄⣀⢀⣄⣀⣀⠀⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⡃⢣⣿⢚⠛⠁⠋⠉⠑⢙ ⣤⣤⣿⣿⡛⠚⠙⣽⡶⡶⠂⠊⠀⠀⠠⢤⣤⡀⠀⠀⣀⣤⢤⡤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠁⠀⠈⢭⡾⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⢤⡘⠻⠀⠚⣨⣋⣀⣀⠀⢀⣾⣾⣿⡿⠛⠉⠹⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠸⠟⠋⠃⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿ ⠉⠉⠐⠉⠉⠉⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠉⠀⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠀⢀⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠁⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⠉⠉⣹⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⣿ ⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠾⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠘⢿⣿⠷⣀⠀⠀⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠤⠂⠈⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠄⠀⠺⠃⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿ ⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠒⠔⠀⠐⠘⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⡀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣄⣴⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⣀⣘⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠈⠘⠛⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⢠⣠⣄⣀⣤⣷⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⡠⣼⣷⣷⣶⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣧⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣅⠬⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢿⣿⢆⠀⣼⣿⠿⠓⠂⠀⠩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢠⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⣷⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⡘⠛⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠠⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⠬⠟⠻⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠘⠂⠀⠀⢹⣿ ⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⢹⠉⡿⠋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⣿⡏⢹⣿⠋⡟⢋⡉⠻⣿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⣉⡛⢿⣹⠋⡉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⣿⡿⢸⠀⡀⠺⣿⣿⠄⠒⠈⠀⣶⠈⢀⣦⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⡧⣬⣉⠘⣿⡇⢸⣿⡧⠐⠀⠁⢰⡄⠁⣴⡄⠀⢸⡇⠠⠐⠂⠁⣴⡄⠀⠐⠂⢹⣿⠀⣿⡗⢀⢠⠀⡆⡆⠐⠂⠁⢰⠀⠐⠀⠀⣴⠀⠁⠐⠀⣁ ⣿⣿⣦⣌⣥⣼⣤⣿⣦⣼⣿⣬⣩⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣩⣤⣿⣷⣬⣩⣤⣧⣬⣩⣴⣿⣧⣬⣭⣤⣉⣤⣤⣼⣧⡄⠬⠄⣠⣌⣤⣤⣉⣤⡅⠬⠄⣤⣌⣥⣾⣿⣤⣭⣤⣾⣼⣤⣧⣧⣌⣥⣤⣼⣦⣍⣤⣤⣿⣤⣦⣌⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⡧⢀⠉⠙⠿⢷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠐⠈⢀⣠⣴⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⠐⠠⠀⠉⠛⠿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠠⠐⠈⢀⣠⣴⡾⠟⠋⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣉⣛⣿⣶⣤⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⣐⣀⣀⣠⣴⣾⣟⣋⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⣶⣶⣶⠶⠒⠒⢲⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⠒⠒⠲⢶⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⠿⠛⠉⢀⠠⠐⠈⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠉⠛⠿⣶⣤⣀⠈⠐⠠⢀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢈⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡄⠀⢀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⣴⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠛⠿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠴⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡠⢬⡛⠿⡏⠛⡻⠃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣘⣃⡀⠛⣊⣀⣀⣁⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣋⡗⠇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠒⡓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣣⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠚⠛⢛⣿⠽⠷⠀⢰⣴⣤⣦⣶⣤⣤⣤⢰⣦⣤⣤⣤⢤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⡷⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⢀⢀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⡀⡀⢀⢀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠰⠿⠮⠟⠂⠀⠀⠘⠖⠛⠸⠱⠓⠛⠛⠟⠁⠓⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠋⠛⠘⠃⠛⠋⠂⠂⠐⠒⠛⠛⠓⠑⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣔⠖⣴⣴⣶⡤⣤⣤⣤⣦⢴⣤⢴⡤⣤⡤⡤⣤⢀⣤⡦⡄⡤⣤⢤⡤⣤⡆⢰⡤⣤⡤⡆⢰⢆⣦⡤⣤⡄⢢⢦⢤⡤⣦⢲⠐⠒⣶⣤⢤⣤⢰⣤⣤⢰⡠⣤⠄⡦⣦⣠⡄⣤⣤⣴⠠⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠙⡋⠈⠁⠉⣘⠉⠁⠉⡁⠉⠈⠈⠈⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⡉⠁⠁⡘⡁⡁⠉⠈⠁⠈⠉⠈⠈⠉⠈⡀⠉⠁⠉⠀⠈⡀⠁⠁⢉⡈⣀⠀⠁⠁⠉⠁⠈⠉⠁⠈⠈⠉⠀⠈⠉⠈⠁⠈⠁⠉⠈⠁⠁⠁⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠯⠿⠸⠟⠅⠏⠳⠻⠇⠯⠿⠿⠿⠏⠇⡯⠿⠿⠏⠇⠪⠿⠇⠯⠿⠺⠇⠯⠽⠕⠿⠼⢿⠕⠿⠽⠿⠭⡟⠸⠿⠕⠏⠰⠿⠼⢈⡎⠿⠿⠿⠹⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⡀⡀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠋⠛⠛⠁⠃⠓⠐⠛⠓⠓⠓⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠙⠛⠀⠀⠀⠻⠞⠀⠁⠘⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠃⠋⠁⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣷⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠕⡟⠹⠸⠹⠹⠸⡹⠈⠛⠏⡏⠇⡏⣿⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠿⠿⠟⡟⡛⡿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠙⢿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⡏⡹⡉⡏⡟⡟⡟⡟⡟⠟⡏⣿⢻⢹⠻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣷⣆⣇⣧⣳⣧⣻⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⢀⣷⣤⡀⢉⢷⣌⣿⣿⡷⢿⣶⣷⣦⣦⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⡯⡟⣻⠛⡟⡟⢟⢻⢹⠛⠟⠟⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣠⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣜⢿⣿⣿⡇⢈⠹⡟⡉⠏⢝⠎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣷⣿⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣼⣿⠀⠂⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣿⣆⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⢏⠛⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢤⣰⠿⠿⠿⢿⡄⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠐⠂ ⠈⠀⠀⠀⠂⢸⠿⠻⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠁⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⠀⢡⣤⣤⣤⣄⣆⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⣤⣴⠄⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⡀⢰⣿⣤⣦⣴⣾⣿⣿⡆⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀ ⠀⠀⡠⠉⠉⠃⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣉⣈⡩⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⢛⣛⣛⣀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠈⠁⠠⣿⣿⡏⡍⠉⠉⠿⠁⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⡇⠠⡀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⢸⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⠿⣿⠁ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡟⣰⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢚⢿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠋⠉⠁⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠞⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠘⠃ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣋⣴⣿⣿⢉⠉⠀⠛⠛⠡⠾⠿⠿⠚⠐⢺⣿⣟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢃⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠒⠐⢂⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠻⠦⠔⠄⠏⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠐⠁⠀⠩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣋⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠐⢍⡭⠡⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠴⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⣶⣘⣿⣿⣆⠀⠐⢄⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠴⣿⣿⡿⠈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣋⣵⣷⣄⠀⠀⠑⠂⠀⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⢐⢈⠹⠓⠀⠐⢒⠢⠀ ⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⢶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⡖⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠑⠁⠀⠙⢿⣿⣾⠈⠼⠙⠁⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣤⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⢀⡠⠔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢤⣤⣼⣦⣾ ⢑⢦⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⣭⣭⣭⣽⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣀⠈⢀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢈⡠⠬⠉⣂⠭⠛⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿ ⠐⢕⣗⢄⠀⠀⠐⠡⡀⠀⠀⠀⢄⠈⠙⢻⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡟⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣦⣴⣲⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⣠⣀⣽⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠂⡪⠀⡀⠀⠈⠲⢄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣴⣤⡀⠹⣿⡇⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢛⣩⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⢄⠀⠚⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠊⠈⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡌⢿⣿⢿⡄⠹⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⠋⠐⠋⠉⡡⠀⠀⠀⡄⢤⣄⣀⠲⣬⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣬⣙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣷⣿⡿⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⢿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⢀⠩⣖⠸⣾⣿⣿⣧⣴⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠑⢬⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣘⡀⢀⠶⣄⣤⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣠ ⠛⢛⣛⣻⣿⠿⣿⣿⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠈⣻⣿⣷⣿⣿⢽⡿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣔⣎⣿⣿⣿⢽⣿⣾⣟⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1861 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Video_Cory_Doctorow_Explains_DMCA_DRM_in_the_Browser_or_Webapp_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/05/29/Video_Cory_Doctorow_Explains_DMCA_DRM_in_the_Browser_or_Webapp_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ [Video] Cory Doctorow Explains DMCA: DRM in the Browser (or Webapp) Will "Make It a Felony to Protect Your Privacy While You Use It."⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025, updated May 29, 2025 "The web is open, apps are closed. The majority of web users have installed an ad blocker which is also a privacy blocker. But no one has ever installed an ad blocker for their apps because it's a felony to make and distribute that tool because you have to reverse engineer the app's DRM to make it. An app is just a web site that we have wrapped in the correct DRM to make it a felony to protect your privacy while you use it." -Pycon US Keynote Speaker Cory Doctorow [1, 2] * United_States_Courts_With_Sworn_Testimonies_Are_on_Our_Side,_We'll Present_the_Same_Here * Links_29/05/2025:_YouTube_Problem_and_Giant_Privacy_Hole_in_Microsoft OneDrive ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1895 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 29/05/2025: Chinese Cracking Against EU Institutions (Prague), More Assaults on Media and Its Funding Sources⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Hennops_river_cascading_over_a_weir_and_flowing_downstream⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Science o Career/Education o Hardware o Proprietary # Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)_/_LLM_Slop_/_Plagiarism o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_authorities_launch_probe_after wedding_planner’s_vanishing_act_leaves_trail_of_over_200_victims⠀⇛ A Hong Kong wedding planner’s sudden disappearance has taken more than 200 customers by surprise, prompting authorities to launch an investigation. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Your_Stress_Could_Be_a_Hidden_Trigger_For Future_Dementia⠀⇛ Here's what you can do about it. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ China's_Tianwen-2_Launches_to_Grab_First 'Living_Fossil'_Asteroid_Samples⠀⇛ That's not all it's doing. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Blood-Brain_Barrier_'Guardian'_Shows Promise_Against_Alzheimer's⠀⇛ "A completely new approach for Alzheimer's disease treatment." # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ SpaceX_Starship's_Latest_Test_Ends_in Destruction_Over_Indian_Ocean [Ed: No-talent MElon just knows how to hang out with and suck up to other bigots, who are corrupt enough to pass to him taxpayers' money]⠀⇛ Another rapid unscheduled disassembly. o § Career/Education⠀➾ # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ A_pivotal_grade_at_a_pivotal_time:_What_is_it like_being_an_eighth_grader_today?⠀⇛ Today’s eighth graders are shaped by pandemic learning and issues with student engagement that followed school shutdowns. What do they have to say about their education – and how it looks moving forward? # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ A_15-year_legal_battle_ends._Harvard relinquishes_images_of_enslaved_family.⠀⇛ Harvard University agreed in a settlement to transfer photographs of enslaved people to an African American history museum. Tamara Lanier sued the Ivy League in 2019 for the exploitation of those she identifies as her ancestors. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ The Next Platform ☛ Nvidia_Does_Not_Need_China,_But_It Craves_It_And_That_Is_Risky⠀⇛ “No.” That’s probably a word that Jensen Huang, co- founder and chief executive officer of Nvidia, doesn’t hear a lot. # ⚓ James Brown ☛ New_Keyboard⠀⇛ I've been using the Happy_Hacking_Keyboard in various configurations for the last 12 years; it's a great design for a 60% scale keyboard with all the keys that a Unix person needs and nothing they don't; in particular, I credit its lack of arrow keys with finally getting me to use vim motions correctly. Oh, I've dallied with other keyboards; for a while at work I had an Fashion Company Apple Wireless Keyboard, and in 2019 I bought a tenkeyless keyboard from the now-defunct WASD Keyboards1, but I always come back to the HHKB. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Tool_Turns_SVGs_Into_Multicolor_3D_Prints⠀⇛ Want to turn a scaled vector graphic into a multicolor 3D print, like a sign? You’ll want to check out [erkannt]’s svg2solid, a web-based tool that reads an SVG and breaks the shapes up by color into individual STL files. Drag those into your slicer (treating them as a single object with multiple parts) and you’re off to the races. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Love_Letter_To_Embedded_Systems_By_V._Hunter Adams⠀⇛ Today we’re going to make a little digression from things that we do to look at perhaps why we do the things that we do. This one is philosophical folks, so strap yourselves in. We’ve had an interesting item arrive on the tips line from [Bunchabits] who wanted to let us know about a video, Love Letter to Embedded Systems, from [V. Hunter Adams]. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ From_Burnt_To_Brilliant:_A_Toaster’s_Makeover⠀⇛ Appliances fail, but that doesn’t mean it’s the end for them. This impressive hack from [solopilot] shows the results possible when not just fixing but also improving upon its original form. The toaster’s failed function selector switch presented an opportunity to add smart features to the function selection and refine control over its various settings. o § Proprietary⠀➾ # § Artificial Intelligence (AI) / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾ # ⚓ Zimbabwe ☛ China’s_Robot_KickBoxing_Match_Feels_Less Fun_Now_that_Hey_Hi_(AI)_is_Starting_to_Disobey⠀⇛ China just hosted the world’s first humanoid robot boxing match — and I’m not sure whether to cheer or panic. # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Uncensored_Hey_Hi_(AI)_models_pose an_urgent_risk_to_global_security⠀⇛ The global Hey Hi (AI) race is rapidly accelerating, with states and corporations investing billions into Hey Hi (AI) for commercial, strategic and defence purposes. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Czech_foreign_minister_summons Chinese_ambassador_over_cyberattack⠀⇛ China’s ambassador to the Czech Republic was summoned on Wednesday over a cyberattack that targeted Prague’s foreign ministry, Czech officials said. The Czech foreign ministry said an extensive investigation of the attack “led to a high degree of certainty about the responsible actor”, naming it as China-linked group APT31. # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Czech_Government_Condemns_Chinese_Hack_on Critical_Infrastructure⠀⇛ The Czech government issues a blunt warning to China after APT31 hackers linked to intrusion at critical infrastructure network. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Cybersecurity_report_records_more_attacks_against Lithuania⠀⇛ Lithuania recorded 63 percent more cyber incidents in 2024 than in 2023, according to the 2024 National Cybersecurity Status Report. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ US_vows_to_‘aggressively’_oust Chinese_students,_enhance_scrutiny_of_visa_applications_from China,_Hong_Kong⠀⇛ The Insurrectionist’s administration on Wednesday vowed to “aggressively” revoke visas of Chinese students, one of the largest sources of revenue for American universities, in his latest broadside against US higher education. # ⚓ Chronicle Of Higher Education ☛ Colleges_Across_U.S._Fear Chill_on_Enrollments_of_Foreign_Students⠀⇛ At a conference of international educators, there were mounting worries that an "America First" president could diminish U.S. higher education's global preeminence. # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Geopolitical_tensions_lead_to_increasing risks_for_shipping_sector_globally⠀⇛ The fast-changing geopolitical landscape is creating new risks and challenges for a shipping industry already juggling the energy transition and the legacy of the Covid-19 pandemic, according to Allianz Commercial’s latest Safety and Shipping Review. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_Homeland_Security_asks_Supreme_Court_to_stay temporary_block_on_migrants_deportations_to_third_countries⠀⇛ The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) asked the Supreme Court on Tuesday to stay an injunction, which could allow for DHS to continue the deportations of migrants to third countries without due process. # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ Organized_crime_suspect_builds_gendarmerie station⠀⇛ The company from Kulp tasked with constructing a gendarmerie station in the Hesandin highland, allegedly for security reasons, is owned by individuals currently on trial for "membership in a criminal organization established to commit crimes" and other charges. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_Security_Council_urged_to_renew_arms_embargo against_South_Sudan⠀⇛ Amnesty International on Wednesday urged the UN Security Council (UNSC) to renew its arms embargo against South Sudan. The embargo is a part of a series of sanctions that have been in place since 2015, stemming from human rights abuses carried out during the civil war. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_flexed_military_muscle_with_East Asian_naval_activity,_sources_say⠀⇛ Over the past two weeks China declared several live-fire drill areas off its coast. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Japan_expands_military_push_against China_as_US_commitment_remains_in_doubt⠀⇛ For the first time, Japan sent destroyers through the Taiwan Strait on two occasions in recent months. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_launches_space_probe_seeking asteroid_samples⠀⇛ The probe is tasked with collecting samples from the near-Earth asteroid 2016HO3, and exploring the comet 311P. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Sexual_Violence,_Human_Trafficking:_Fallout From_U.S._Aid_Withdrawal_Hits_Malawi⠀⇛ # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Illinois_Bans_Police_From_Ticketing,_Fining Students_for_Minor_Infractions_in_School⠀⇛ # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Sectarianism,_social_control_media,_and Syria’s_information_blackhole⠀⇛ Since Assad’s December ousting, Syrians have struggled to sift the truth from fake claims about security incidents across the country. # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Beyond_Defence:_ASPI’s_The_Cost_of_Defence 2025–26_looks_broadly_at_national_security_spending⠀⇛ Australia faces a perilous strategic environment with multiple threats overlapping and, in some cases, converging. # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Lamola_to_participate_in_DRC,_Sudan_peace efforts⠀⇛ International Relations and Cooperation Minister, Ronald Lamola, is currently in Kampala, Uganda, to attend the 12th High-Level Meeting of the Regional Oversight Mechanism (ROM) for the Peace, Security, and Cooperation (PSC) Framework concerning the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). # ⚓ LRT ☛ Former_Lithuanian_defence_chief_charged_over_alleged misuse_of_military_dental_care⠀⇛ Prosecutors have charged former Lithuanian Armed Forces Commander Valdemaras Rupšys with abuse of office, fraud, and document forgery in a case involving military-funded dental care, Lithuania’s Special Investigation Service (STT) announced Tuesday. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Crime_Rings_Plotted_to_Trade_Cocaine_for Syrian_Weapons,_Prosecutors_Say⠀⇛ The intricate scheme, spanning four continents, appears to justify concerns that the military arsenal of Bashar al-Assad, the deposed Syrian dictator, could fall into dangerous hands. # ⚓ France24 ☛ EU_sanctions_Syrian_militia_groups_over_ethnic violence_targeting_Alawites⠀⇛ The EU on Wednesday imposed sanctions on three Syrian militia groups and two of their leaders over human rights abuses committed against members of Syria's Alawite minority during a round of deadly ethnic violence in March. It came a week after the 27-nation bloc agreed to lift sanctions on Syria in a bid to help the country recover after Bashar al- Assad's ouster. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran_Executes_Man_Accused_Of_Spying_For_Israel_As Human_Rights_Groups_Condemn_'Killing_Spree'⠀⇛ Iran says it executed Pedram Madani, who was accused of "spying for Israel" in a case human rights groups said was filled with "fundamental flaws" and based on confessions made under duress. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Malaysia_rejects_LGBTQ_culture,_orders probe_into_pride_event⠀⇛ Any effort to normalise LGBTQ is against the Federal Constitution, existing laws and official policy, a minister said. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ St._Petersburg_proposes_ban_on_foreign nationals_working_as_couriers_and_taxi_drivers_— Meduza⠀⇛ o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_offers_Pacific_Islands_more support_in_addressing_climate_change⠀⇛ Beijing will undertake 100 "small but beautiful" projects across the island countries over the next three years. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ German_Court_Dismisses_Climate_Lawsuit Against_RWE⠀⇛ The judges ruled that German civil law could be used to hold companies accountable for the worldwide effects of their emissions. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ UN_Warns:_High_Odds_We'll_Exceed_1.5°C_Temp Rise_by_2029⠀⇛ "We have just experienced the 10 warmest years on record." # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Trail of Bits ☛ The_Custodial_Stablecoin_Rekt_Test⠀⇛ Introducing the Custodial Stablecoin Rekt Test; a new spin on the classic Rekt Test for evaluating the security maturity of stablecoin issuers. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Dolphins_Give_Themselves_Names_That Could_Hide_Secret_Information⠀⇛ Pleased to meet you. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Anti-Aging_Cocktail_Extends_Mouse Lifespan_by_About_30_Percent⠀⇛ What could it do for us? o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ European Commission ☛ Keynote_speech_by_Commissioner Kubilius_at_the_Charlemagne_Prize_Forum:_"Europe_without_US_- is_it_possible?"⠀⇛ # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ A_judge_refuses_to_toss_states’ lawsuit_against_MElon_and_DOGE⠀⇛ The states, through their attorneys general, sued in February over the defendants’ alleged constitutional violations. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ DOJ_expands_DEI_crackdown_with_new Civil_Rights_Fraud_Initiative_centered_on_False_Claims_Act enforcement⠀⇛ This initiative represents the DOJ's clearest statement yet that it intends to treat violations of civil rights laws as fraud on the federal government. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Hanoi_bans_The_Economist's_printed issue_with_Vietnam's_top_leader_on_cover,_say_distributor sources⠀⇛ The Economist's latest printed edition for Asia featuring Vietnam's top leader To Lam on its cover has been banned in Vietnam, sources at two local media distributors told Reuters, in a new instance of censorship in the Communist-run country. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_claims_NPR_is_too liberal._NPR_fights_federal_cuts_with_a_lawsuit.⠀⇛ National Public Radio and three of its local stations are suing President The Insurrectionist. The 246-station network, which provides the backbone for emergency alert systems across the country, says the funding cuts are unconstitutional. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Press_Gazette_launches_paid_access_to online_content [Ed: This will only doom this site even faster]⠀⇛ Metered paywall will help fund next stage of Press Gazette expansion. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ ACLU ☛ George_Takei:_How_the_Alien_Enemies_Act_Paved_the Way_for_the_Incarceration_of_My_Family⠀⇛ George Takei has joined the ACLU as a special guest contributor for Asian American Pacific Islander History Month. On March 14, The Insurrectionist signed a proclamation invoking the Alien Enemies Act to carry out his mass deportations. The last time this law was invoked was during World War II, when it was weaponized to pave the way for the incarceration of Japanese Americans, including my family. Now, I see history echoing in disturbing ways. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Criminalization_of_Venezuelan_Street Culture⠀⇛ The Forrest Dump Administration is using an “Alien Enemy Validation Guide” to target supposed members of Tren de Aragua, but many of the items on the list—tattoos, sports jerseys, Jordans—are commonplace in urban style and music. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Over_2_Million_Americans_Went_'Missing' During_2020_And_2021⠀⇛ "A national scandal." o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ APNIC ☛ Towards_a_more_inclusive_Internet_in_Nepal⠀⇛ Guest Post: UA Day Nepal 2025 launches the nation’s first native-language domain and empowers youth for an inclusive digital future. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ $9,000_awarded_for_Polaris_PowerLED memory_controller_patents_prior_art⠀⇛ Unified is pleased to announce PATROLL crowdsourcing contest winners below totaling $9,000 in cash prizes. The patents are owned by Polaris PowerLED Technologies, LLC, an NPE. The patents generally relate to various nonvolatile memory technologies. We would also like to thank the dozens of other high-quality submissions that were made on this patent. The ongoing contests are open to anyone, and include tens of thousands of dollars in rewards available for helping the industry to challenge NPE patents of questionable validity by finding and submitting prior art in the contests. # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Top_litigation_firms_in_Austria_2025 [Ed: Advertising spam disguised as "top" list; follow the money, those are ads]⠀⇛ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Top_filing_firms_in_Austria_2025 [Ed: More of JUVE's spam space]⠀⇛ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Top_filing_and_litigation_firms_in_Austria_2025 [Ed: Pure marketing, pure spam for SEO; this is not a legit ladder]⠀⇛ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Austrian_market_shifts_as_patent_monopoly_litigation business_shrinks [Ed: The "patent monopoly litigation business"? No, litigation like this is not a business but a parasitic activity. Also, the UPC is illegal, keep omitting what really happened in violation of the Vienna Convention and constitutions.]⠀⇛ Although not everyone anticipates a downturn, “patent litigation is losing importance” is a common refrain among Viennese IP partners when discussing their practice development. Austrian SMEs and companies from various hi-tech sectors are increasingly taking their cases to the UPC. Only pharmaceutical companies still predominantly fight for their most important products in national courts. # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Arbutus_and_Brinkhof_celebrate_interim_success_in mRNA_case_against_Moderna [Ed: That just simply means prices will go up; everyone loses]⠀⇛ Since the ‘long-arm jurisdiction’ ruling of the Düsseldorf local division in Fujifilm vs Kodak, and following the CJEU’s decision in BSH Hausgeräte vs Electrolux, pan-European cross-border injunctions have become a hot topic. # ⚓ Kluwer Patent Blog ☛ Brazil_–_Updates_on_the_Partnerships for_Productive_Development_(PDPs) [Ed: Conflating patent monopolies with something they clearly are not]⠀⇛ Brazil’s long-running effort to internalize drug manufacture through state-backed technology transfer agreements continues to face scrutiny. # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ Uninvited_Guests:_The_Federal Circuit’s_Problematic_Revival_of_Waived_Arguments⠀⇛ In a number of recent opinions, the Federal Circuit decided the case on grounds that were not raised on appeal by either party.  This unusual approach is something bound to happen with expert tribunals such as the Federal Circuit.  The problems with this approach: it undermines the adversarial process, creates a fairness problem, and depriving the parties of a meaningful opportunity to address—and potentially correct—issues pivotal to the court’s ultimate determination. A recently filed petition for certiorari asks the Supreme Court to step-in and provide the CAFC with guidance in the impropriety of the Federal Circuit's sua sponte revival of arguments that the government has impliedly waived in the appeal. In McLeay v. Stewart, petitioner Dr. Matthew McLeay particularly challenges the Federal Circuit's decision to affirm the rejection of his patent monopoly application based on enablement sub-grounds that the USPTO had effectively abandoned in its briefing. [Read the Petition]. # § Kangaroo Courts⠀➾ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ An_overview_of_all_technically_qualified_UPC judges [Ed: UPC is illegal, but this site is paid to try to legitimise this illegality (still)]⠀⇛ o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Public Domain Review ☛ Bernard_Sleigh’s_Anciente_Mappe_of Fairyland_(ca._1920_edition)⠀⇛ A stunning six-foot-long map that joins the worlds of various myths and stories for the childhood adventurer. * EPO_Workers_Caution_That_the_Officials_Are_Still_Illegally_Trying_to Replace_Staff_With_Slop_(to_Lower_Quality_and_Validity_of_European Patents) * next ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2641 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 29/05/2025: Turtle Roadkill, Modern 'Tech' as a Sting⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Waves_rolling_towards_the_shore⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ frogspawn⠀⇛ stuck in this town I call home where I once dreamed to return to the steady clank of the railway a distant voice announcing departures barely audible train after train leaving the place of warm memories # ⚓ Turtle_Roadkill⠀⇛ One day while heading to town, I spotted a snapping turtle attempting to cross the road. Box turtles are fairly common around here, but snapping turtles are a rare sight. I pulled over to let him cross, but he refused to move while I was nearby, so I decided to drive carefully around him and continue on. A few days later, on a different road out of town, I discovered a dead snapping turtle in the middle of the road. I'm pretty sure it was the same turtle. In the American Midwest, where the dominant form of transportation is by private automobile, roadkill is a relatively common sight. But I get much more upset about it when the victim is a turtle. Squirrels and rabbits I understand: they dart out into the road and find themselves under a tire before one can react to them. Even foxes and deer are notoriously hard to avoid. But turtles are slow, and stubborn, and they steadily follow their chosen path without jumping in anyone's way. # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_AGLRYVU_Wordo:_FOXER⠀⇛ # ⚓ What_I'm_playing_🪱🪐_WORMHOLE_|_Next-level_Snake⠀⇛ WORMHOLE, like all Snake-style games, has the usual formula. Eat stuff, get longer, and don't hit the walls or yourself. I found this game from a Steam Next Fest last year, where I was drawn in by the enigmatic trailer. I was really surprised by how intense and hypnotic the demo's gameplay was. # ⚓ Where_I've_Been⠀⇛ Hey! It sure has been a while, hasn't it? Genuinely I've been meaning to write this so many times over the past few months, just to keep things going and updated, turns out I've been so busy recently that that kinda just hasn't happened haha. Either way I've just been busy both figuring myself out and doing life events. real "this cutscene can't be skipped" level stuff. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ I_think_I_dislike_most_modern_tech⠀⇛ Nowadays when I look at most new things in technology, my first instinct is **not** "Oh that looks cool." My first instinct is instead: "Oh great, another tool to fuck us over." New GPUs? Great, more resource hungry bricks that add features games don't really need just because someone has a boner for ultra-realistic-graphics or "AI." And yes then there's the blanket term "AI" that has so much trash in it. I'm so fucking tired of it. Then there's some new websites or web "apps" or whatever that are like "yo join our thing" and they will fuck over their userbase when they run out of money. It's not all that bad though: When I see new FOSS projects, I get excited, interested..! Because if they fuck me over, I can just fork it if I rely on it, or alternatively stop using it. But they rarely do, because many FOSS projects are made by actually nice people. It's refreshing. (Not all of them though, if you know, you know.) **I preferred when tech was tool to create end goals, not the end goal itself.** =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. * Thanks_for_All_the_Fish,_Linux_Format * Links_29/05/2025:_US_Health_Deficit_and_Malware_Disguised_as_Slop Generator ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2792 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 29/05/2025: US Health Deficit and Malware Disguised as Slop Generator⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇This_is_how_the_coconut_breaker_breaking_coconut⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary # Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)_/_LLM_Slop_/_Plagiarism o Security # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature # Overpopulation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Trademarks # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.S._Pauses_Exports_of_Airplane_and Semiconductor_Technology_to_China⠀⇛ Hell Toupée has stopped some critical products and technologies made only in the United States from flowing to China, flexing the government’s power over global supply chains. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Invisible_PC_Doubles_As_Heated_Seat⠀⇛ Some people really want a minimalist setup for their computing. In spite of his potentially worrisome housing situation, this was a priority for the man behind [Basically Homeless]: clean lines on the desk. Where does the PC go? You could get an all-in-one, sure, but those use laptop hardware and he wanted the good stuff. So he decided to hide the PC in the one place no one would ever think to look: inside his chair.  (Youtube video, embedded below.) o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ University of Michigan ☛ UMich_child_care_centers_struggle to_meet_demand_as_waitlist_tops_1,000⠀⇛ University of Michigan-affiliated child care remains in high demand, with more than a thousand children currently on the waitlist for the three U- M Children’s Centers: the Health System Children’s Center, the North Campus Children’s Center and the Towsley Children’s House. This problem reflects broader statewide concerns. # ⚓ Stanford University ☛ A_guide_to_navigating_mental_health resources_at_Stanford⠀⇛ The Daily compiled a list of all of mental health resources at Stanford, including information on their functions, cost and whether they are confidential or require a referral. # ⚓ Stanford University ☛ In_the_wake_of_tragedy,_Stanford expanded_mental_health_services._Some_say_it’s_not_enough.⠀⇛ Following four student deaths three years ago, Stanford attempted to supplement student and faculty mental health support through new programs. One student’s parents question the depth and impact of these reforms. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ GAO_raises_concerns_about_behavioral health_services_for_veterans_from_community_providers⠀⇛ "We found a significant portion of medical information was missing from some of the referrals that we reviewed from the VA," said Sharon Silas. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Rīga's_Eastern_Hospital_opens_renovated_intensive care_unit⠀⇛ On Tuesday, 28 May, the renovated premises of the 10th building of Riga East University Hospital were opened. It houses an expanded and modernised surgical day hospital and additional intensive care unit premises, Latvian Radio reported. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Residents_fear_for_safety_after_deadly blast_at_China_chemical_plant⠀⇛ Six people still missing after the massive explosion on May 27. o § Proprietary⠀➾ # § Artificial Intelligence (AI) / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾ # ⚓ Noel Rappin ☛ What_Do_I_Think_I_Think_About_LLMs⠀⇛ Every time I think the Hey Hi (AI) frenzy has peaked, it peaks again. Writing about coding these days feels like Jimmy Stewart dancing on the edge of a floor that’s rapidly receding under him. I had a draft of this that started with five or six capsule stories of interactions with LLMs for coding purposes, some saving incremental time, some being wrong, some even being right. Then I realized that I probably shouldn’t be that detailed about work stuff, but more importantly, you likely have all these stories too. You’ve seen useful autocorrect, and you’ve seen the LLM be confidently wrong and you’ve seen them be confidently right. # ⚓ EDRI ☛ EDRi-gram,_28_May_2025⠀⇛ What has the EDRis network been up to over the past two weeks? Find out the latest digital rights news in our bi-weekly newsletter. In this edition: Reopening the GDPR is a threat to our rights, 6 years of fighting censorship by Meta in Poland, & more! # ⚓ EDRI ☛ Croatia_in_preparation_for_Hey_Hi_(AI)_Law: Activists_warn_of_risks_to_rights_and_call_for safeguards_going_beyond_EU_Hey_Hi_(AI)_Act⠀⇛ EDRi affiliate Politiscope recently hosted an event in Croatia for journalists and activists to discuss human rights impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI), raise awareness about Hey Hi (AI) related harms, and to influence future national policy to incorporate safeguards for people’s rights. o § Security⠀➾ # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾ # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Vietnamese_Hackers_Distribute_Malware via_Fake_AI-Themed_Websites⠀⇛ Mandiant warns that a Vietnamese hacking group tracked as UNC6032 is distributing malware via fake Hey Hi (AI) video generator websites. # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Mandiant_flags_fake_Hey_Hi_(AI) video_generators_laced_with_malware⠀⇛ A Vietnam-based group has spread thousands of advertisements, fake websites and social control media posts promising access to popular prompt-to-video Hey Hi (AI) generation tools, delivering infostealers and backdoors instead.  # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korean_students_warned_over social_control_media_posts_amid_Convicted_Felon administration_crackdown⠀⇛ South Korean students are the third-largest among international students in the US. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.S._Will_‘Aggressively’_Revoke Visas_of_Chinese_Students,_Rubio_Says⠀⇛ Secretary of State Marco Rubio said the students who will have their visas canceled include people with ties to the Chinese Communist Party and those studying in “critical fields.” # ⚓ France24 ☛ Why_online_privacy_is_vital:_Insights_from messaging_app_Signal’s_president⠀⇛ The president of Signal, a secure messaging app, spoke to FRANCE 24 about the urgent need to protect personal data. Meredith Whittaker highlighted how a handful of big tech companies collect vast amounts of information – often with little oversight and frequent misuse. She emphasised the need for structural change to regulate how companies handle user data. Signal is advocating for stronger privacy protections while defending freedom of expression. She spoke to us in Perspective. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_being_provocative,_ignoring_olive branches,_says_top_Taiwan_policymaker⠀⇛ He repeated Taiwan's offer for talks with China based on equality and respect. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ As_Convicted_Felon_Seeks_Iran_Deal,_Israel Again_Raises_Possible_Strikes_on_Nuclear_Sites⠀⇛ Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, wary of a diplomatic solution to curbing Iran’s nuclear program, continues to press for military action that would upend Hell Toupée’s push for a negotiated deal. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Israel_Strikes_Yemen’s_Main_Airport_Again After_Houthi_Attacks⠀⇛ Israel said the bombing of the airport, which was targeted for the second time this month, had destroyed the last plane used by the Iran-backed Houthi militia. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Rights_advocates_raise_concern_over_migrants’ rights_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_amid_‘return_hub’_plan⠀⇛ Human Rights Watch (HRW) released a statement highlighting concerning conditions of migrants in Bosnia and Herzegovina after the UK government proposed that the country serve as a “return hub.” # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_teen_fatally_stabs_four_friends_at birthday_party_in_small_Siberian_town,_then_dies_in fire_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Behind_closed_blast_doors_Danish_and_German journalists_uncover_detailed_blueprints_offering_an unprecedented_look_inside_Russia’s_nuclear_weapons silos_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Former_Russian_university_president sentenced_to_22_years_for_1999_murder_plot_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Three_far-right_activists_arrested_for kidnapping_and_torturing_teenager_in_Russian_forest_— Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia_is_moving_to_connect_Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia_nuclear_plant_to_its_own_power_grid_—_NYT —_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia_says_it_downed_dozens_of_Ukrainian drones_targeting_Moscow_and_other_cities_overnight_— Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ LRT ☛ Belarus_to_scale_back_Zapad_2025_military drills,_shift_away_from_western_border⠀⇛ Belarus will scale back its joint military drills with Russia this autumn and move the main exercises deeper into its territory and further from its western neighbours, according to Belarusian Defence Minister Lt. Gen. Viktor Khrenin. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Georgia's_Ivanishvili_Refuses_To_Meet_US Ambassador_Bearing_Convicted_Felon_Message⠀⇛ Bidzina Ivanishvili, the Russia-friendly billionaire considered Georgia's most- powerful political figure, has refused a meeting with the US ambassador in Tbilisi, which the embassy said was requested to deliver a message from the Convicted Felon Administration. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ North_Korea_and_Russia's_vice ministers_discuss_cooperation_in_Pyongyang⠀⇛ SEOUL - Russia's Vice Minister of Internal Affairs Vitaly Shulika and Ri Song Chol, North Korea's vice minister of public security, held a meeting to discuss expanding cooperation and exchange, state media reported on Thursday. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Stalin’s_Image_Returns_to_Moscow’s Subway,_Honoring_a_Brutal_History⠀⇛ The Kremlin has increasingly embraced the Soviet dictator and his legacy, using them to exalt Russian history in a time of war, but he remains a deeply divisive figure in Russia. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Merz_Says_Germany_Will_Step_Up Ukraine_Weapons_Support_as_Zelensky_Visits⠀⇛ In the latest sign of a warming relationship, President Volodymyr Zelensky met in Berlin with Chancellor Friedrich Merz, who said Germany would increase funding for arms production and supplies. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Judge_Blocks_Shutdown_of_Biden-Era Migrant_Entry_Programs⠀⇛ The sweeping order applied to hundreds of thousands of people legally in the country through programs put in place for Ukrainians, Afghans and others. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Ukraine_shows_off_its_reconstruction_in Venice_–_with_Hey_Hi_(AI)_aid⠀⇛ Even amid war, Ukrainians are rebuilding their homes. To architects, that reconstruction is a form of resistance against the Russian invasion, too. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ EU_Mulls_Black_Sea_Security_Hub_To_Counter Russian_Threats⠀⇛ The European Union hopes to set up a "Black sea maritime security hub" to counter Russia’s action in the region and to protect critical maritime infrastructure. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Ukraine_Demands_Russia_Present_Peace_Plan Immediately_Instead_Of_Waiting_For_Talks_Next_Week⠀⇛ Ukrainian officials on May 28 said Russia should put forth its peace plan for ending the war in Ukraine immediately instead of waiting for a new round of talks next week in Istanbul. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskyy_Says_Global_Powers_Must_Put_More Pressure_On_Russia_After_Meeting_Merz_In_Berlin⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called for increased international pressure on Russia after a meeting with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz in Berlin and announcing that Ukraine and Germany will jointly produce long-range weapons to boost Ukraine's ability to fight. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Over_€1m_in_EU_aid_for_Ukrainian_refugees_in Lithuania_went_to_non-Ukrainians⠀⇛ More than €1 million in European Union funds intended to support Ukrainian refugees in Lithuania was mistakenly distributed to citizens of other countries, including Russia and Belarus, prompting a government audit and a leadership change at the agency overseeing the project. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Zelensky_to_join_summit_in_Vilnius_next_week⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymy Zelensky as well as NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte will attend the Vilnius Summit on Monday, June 2, the presidential office said on Wednesday. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Germany_to_help_Ukraine_produce_'long- range'_weapons_without_restrictions⠀⇛ Vlodymir Zelensky is in Berlin. Ukraine's president held talks with the German Chancellor earlier. Frederich Merz announced Germany would help Ukraine produce long-range weaponry. Zelensky also said Ukraine's defence minister held a phone call with Russia's negotiator following recent talks in Istanbul. He also spoke out about Kiev being invited to the upcoming NATO summit in the Hague. For more, FRANCE 24's International Affairs Editor, Angela Diffley. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Germany’s_Merz_promises_to_help_Ukraine produce_long-range_missiles⠀⇛ German Chancellor Friedrich Merz pledged Wednesday to help Ukraine develop its own long-range missile systems that would be free of any Western-imposed limitations on their range and target options as the German leader vowed to keep piling pressure on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Russia_proposes_talks_with_Ukraine_in Istanbul_on_June_2_to_present_peace_memorandum⠀⇛ Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on Wednesday said Moscow had drafted its promised peace "memorandum" detailing the Kremlin's terms for ending the Ukraine war and would present it to Kyiv at a new round of direct talks in Istanbul on June 2. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Dispatch_from_Dayton:_What Convicted_Felon_can_learn_about_ending_war⠀⇛ A recent visit of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly to Ohio—thirty years after the Dayton Accords ended the Bosnian War—raised important questions about what lessons can be applied to ending Russia’s war on Ukraine. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Belgium_and_Türkiye_to_join_Drone_Coalition for_Ukraine⠀⇛ The rotors are running on the "Drone Summit 2025" May 28 in Rīga at the ATTA conference center, a major gathering showcasing the latest in military drone technology and, in particular, the efforts of the 'Drone Alliance' to provide drone technology to Ukraine to aid its defence against Russian aggression. # ⚓ European Commission ☛ New_EU_strategy_for_secure, prosperous_and_resilient_Black_Sea_region⠀⇛ European Commission Press release Brussels, 28 May 2025 Today the EU is putting forward a new strategy for a stable and secure Black Sea region. This Strategy aims to boost connections and growth, by linking Europe with the South Caucasus, Central Asia, and beyond. Amidst Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine, the strategy will also reinforce the EU's geopolitical role as a reliable actor in the Black Sea region. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Trump_losing_patience_with_Putin_but_has_yet to_decide_on_sanctions_—_Politico_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Zelensky_calls_for_three-way_talks_with Putin_and_Trump_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Emotions_are_running_high’_Putin_has_yet_to respond_to_Trump_calling_him_‘crazy,’_but_Kremlin officials_have_plenty_to_say_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Said_He_Was ‘Not_Happy’_With_Putin⠀⇛ Also, Haiti hired an American military contractor to fight gangs. Here’s the latest at the end of Wednesday. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Says_Putin_'Playing_With Fire'_After_3_Days_Of_Deadly_Russian_Attacks_On Ukraine⠀⇛ US President The Insurrectionist again lashed out at his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin after Russia capped a three-day bombing spree with its biggest aerial attack of the more than three-year war, which the Kremlin responded to by saying its defending its "national interests." # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Merz,_Zelenskyy_Accuse_Putin_Of_Stalling_On Cease-Fire_Efforts⠀⇛ German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy accused Russia of stalling diplomatic efforts to achieve a cease-fire at a joint news conference in Berlin on May 28. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_issues_flood_warnings_after_heavy rain_in_southern_regions⠀⇛ National Meteorological Centre forecasts most intense storms of year so far. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Fewer_young_South_Koreans_are seeking_driving_licences⠀⇛ The decline reflects a shift in perception, according to South Korea's police agency. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_Fungus_Devastated_North_American Bats._A_New_Species_Could_Deliver_a_Killer_Blow.⠀⇛ Scientists have learned that another species of fungus found in Europe and Asia causes white-nose disease, which has ravaged bat populations in the United States and Canada. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Fruits_left_for_elephants_along Malaysian_highway_put_motorists_at_risk,_says_patrol volunteer⠀⇛ Once the elephants start taking food from the roadside, they might get used to it and wait for food. # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Has_baby_bust_bottomed_out?_South Korea_sees_7%_rebound_in_births_in_first_quarter_of 2025⠀⇛ From January to March, 65,022 babies were born in South Korea, up from 60,571 a year earlier. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Economy_Minister_and_ally_resign_from Cabinet,_leaving_Malaysia’s_economic_reforms_in_the_air⠀⇛ Rafizi fulfils his quit pledge after losing at party polls, just weeks before the tabling of the 13th Malaysia Plan. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korean_presidential_hopeful_Kim Moon-soo:_Activist_turned_right-wing_maverick⠀⇛ The People Power Party nominee is putting himself forward as a moderate against liberal front runner Lee Jae-myung. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea's_presidential_election_by the_numbers⠀⇛ SEOUL - South Koreans go to the polls on June 3 to elect the country's 21st president, aiming to restore political stability after months of turmoil and fill a power vacuum following the botched attempt by former leader Yoon Suk Yeol to impose martial law. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Key_promises_by_South_Korea's conservative_presidential_candidate_Kim_Moon-soo⠀⇛ South Korea's conservative candidate Kim Moon-soo is seeking to build momentum in his campaign by pledging economic policies focused on deregulation, a tough line on nuclear-armed North Korea and tax breaks for the middle class. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_martial_law_put_Lee_Jae- myung_back_on_track_for_presidency⠀⇛ Lee leads his conservative opponents by wide margins in most polls ahead of the June 3 snap election. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Early_voting_begins_in_South_Korea’s presidential_polls⠀⇛ While election day is set for June 3, those who want to vote early can do so on May 29 and 30. # ⚓ South_Korean_presidential_debate_mired_in_top_contender’s alleged_link_to_North_Korea⠀⇛ Lee Jae-myung is accused of orchestrating an illicit transfer of funds to North Korea. # ⚓ University of Michigan ☛ Owner_of_Miss_Kim_talks_Korean American_food,_Asian_American_Pacific_Islander_Heritage Month⠀⇛ The Michigan Daily sat down with Ji Hye Kim, owner of local Korean American restaurant Miss Kim, to discuss her culinary journey and the importance of Asian American food establishments in the Ann Arbor area. This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Teacher_accused_of_affair_with_married man_relieved_of_duties:_Malaysia’s_Education_Minister⠀⇛ News about the alleged couple went viral after screenshots of their WhatsApp exchanges were posted online. # ⚓ ACLU ☛ The_Supreme_Court_Cases_to_Watch⠀⇛ The Supreme Court’s docket this term includes many of the complex issues American society is currently facing, including: immigration, free speech, religious liberty, LGBTQ rights and voting rights. The ACLU has served as counsel or filed friend-of- the-court briefs in all of the cases addressing these hot-button issues. In addition to its official docket, the court will also decide cases on its “shadow docket,” or emergency docket, that touch on contentious issues like immigration enforcement and birthright citizenship. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Australian_museum_removes_display wrongly_labelling_Chinese_clothing_as_‘Korean traditional_attire’⠀⇛ After concerns were raised, the museum acknowledged the mistake and corrected the label. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ EDRI ☛ Six_years_in_court_fighting_against_arbitrary censorship._What_about_user_empowerment_promised_by_the DSA?⠀⇛ Regardless of the final court judgment, this case highlights the urgent need for Poland to implement the DSA. Without its enforcement, users of the largest social control media platforms — whether private individuals or CSOs — still stand little chance against the dominance of tech giants. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ Examining_Convicted_Felon’s_War_on_the_Media, and_a_Warning_from_Hungary⠀⇛ A widely condemned media bill being passed through the Hungarian parliament provides a dangerous road map for how Convicted Felon may escalate his attacks on the press in the future. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_Supreme_Court_denies_Apache_request_to_block copper_mine_on_sacred_land⠀⇛ The Supreme Court denied a petition for certiorari from nonprofit Apache Stronghold on Tuesday, which sought an injunction on a US government land transfer of an Apache holy site to a copper mining company. Chí’chil Biłdagoteel, more commonly known as Oak Flat, is a 6.7 square-mile site east of Superior, Arizona. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ HK_gov’t_to_introduce_proposal_to boost_rights_of_delivery_couriers_this_year,_labour_minister says⠀⇛ The Hong Kong government will introduce a proposal this year to enhance the rights and benefits of digital platform workers, labour and welfare chief Chris Sun has said, following recent strikes by delivery workers. # ⚓ EDRI ☛ Sweden_further_cracks_down_on_sex_workers:_What_it means_for_digital_rights⠀⇛ Despite overwhelming opposition from civil society, academic experts, and sex workers, the Swedish Parliament voted to adopt a law that expand the criminalisation of sex work. This will have have a chilling effect nationally and internationally, and affect digital rights. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Pen Test Partners ☛ How_to_load_unsigned_or_fake-signed apps_on_iOS⠀⇛ TL;DR Issues commonly arise when clients provide an application which is unsigned or does not meet device requirements. # ⚓ Zimbabwe ☛ Why_Vodacom_and_MTN_Want_DRM_spreader_Netflix and_WhatsApp_to_Pay_–_and_Why_That’s_a_Bad_Idea⠀⇛ § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ CAFC_Affirms_TTAB:_Mere_Consumer_Curtin_Lacked Statutory_Standing_to_Oppose_RAPUNZEL_for_Dolls⠀⇛ Although one purpose of the Lanham Act is to protect consumers, whether a particular consumer has statutory standing to oppose or petition to cancel depends on the specific bases under the Lanham Act that he or she invokes. Here, the CAFC affirmed the Board's holding that "only commercial actors affected by the mark’s registration fall within the zone of interests to oppose the registration as generic, descriptive, or [failing to function as a trademark]." (emphasis supplied). The court upheld the Board's dismissal of mere consumer Rebecca Curtin's opposition to registration of the mark RAPUNZEL for dolls and toy figures on the ground of lack of statutory standing. Curtin_v._United_Trademark_Holdings, Inc., Appeal No. 2023–2140 (May 22, 2025) [precedential]. o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Judge_refuses_to_temporarily_block the_Convicted_Felon_administration_from_removing_Copyright Office_director⠀⇛ The judge ruled that Shira Perlmutter hasn’t met her legal burden to show how removing her from the position would cause her to suffer irreparable harm. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Administration Fires_Back_Against_Perlmutter’s_Lawsuit_and_Reinstatement Push,_Emphasizing_‘Clear_Authority_to_Remove_the_Register_of Copyrights’⠀⇛ An intensifying battle for USCO control: The Forrest Dump administration is firing back against the lawsuit filed by axed Register of Copyrights Shira Perlmutter.   We first covered that lawsuit (including a push for reinstatement) last week, and DMN Pro yesterday took an in-depth look at Perlmutter’s largely procedural action. * Links_29/05/2025:_Turtle_Roadkill,_Modern_'Tech'_as_a_Sting * EPO_Workers_Caution_That_the_Officials_Are_Still_Illegally_Trying_to Replace_Staff_With_Slop_(to_Lower_Quality_and_Validity_of_European Patents) ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3729 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 29/05/2025: YouTube Problem and Giant Privacy Hole in Microsoft OneDrive⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on May 29, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Tractor_Workshop_Ca_1935_Artist_Unknown_Public_Domain⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Science o Career/Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary o Linux_Foundation o Security # Privacy/Surveillance # Confidentiality o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Monopolies/Monopsonies * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Mandaris Moore ☛ Share_the_Love⠀⇛ I’ve used plenty of great examples that I’m going to list below. I would not have been able to make this possible without learning from these write-ups. I hope that you check them out for any details that I may have missed or chosen to implement differently. o ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Who_Gets_Your_'Digital_Remains'_When_You_Die? Here's_Some_Expert_Advice.⠀⇛ Digital legacies are increasingly complex and evolving. They include now-familiar items such as social media and banking accounts, along with our stored photos, videos and messages. But they also encompass virtual currencies, behavioural tracking data, and even AI-generated avatars. This digital data is not only fundamental to our online identities in life, but to our inheritance in death. So how can we properly plan for what happens to it? o ⚓ Seth Godin ☛ Just_the_right_length⠀⇛ When technology changes the media, when distribution and consumption shift, the definition of just the right length shifts as well. Podcasts changed the length of interviews, Linkedin changed the length of a resume and YouTube changed the length of funny videos… the cycle continues. o ⚓ Danny O'Brien ☛ Danny_O'Brien's_Oblomovka_»_Blog_Archive_» teaching_old_hippies_new_tricks⠀⇛ A few fates that I’ve avoided, barely: one is joining the Nineties Internet Re-Enactment Society, where communities scrabble to re-inforce the dominant vibe of — what, two? three? years maximum? — the early networks. I mean, I still have it in my habits — my dinky RSS reader, my affinity for plain text, email. A co-worker described watching me work as “like someone playing one of those adventure games”. I can see it. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Wired ☛ A_New_Study_Reveals_the_Makeup_of_Uranus’ Atmosphere⠀⇛ Information about Uranus is limited. What we know is that the planet is composed mainly of water and ammonia ice, its diameter is about 51,000 kilometers, about four times that of the Earth, and its mass is about 15 times greater than Earth’s. Uranus also has 13 rings and 28 satellites. In January 1986, NASA’s Voyager 2 space probe successfully completed what has been, to date, the only exploration of the planet, conducting a flyby as part of its mission to study the outer planets of the solar system. # ⚓ Tony Finch ☛ the_algebra_of_dependent_types⠀⇛ TIL (or this week-ish I learned) why big-sigma and big-pi turn up in the notation of dependent type theory. I’ve long been aware of the zoo of more obscure Greek letters that turn up in papers about type system features of functional programming languages, μ, Λ, Π, Σ. Their meaning is usually clear from context but the reason for the choice of notation is usually not explained. I recently stumbled on an explanation for Π (dependent functions) and Σ (dependent pairs) which turn out to be nicer than I expected, and closely related to every-day algebraic data types. # ⚓ Vox ☛ Trump_and_Harvard:_The_US_is_squandering_a_major advantage⠀⇛ But the dollar isn’t the only privilege the US enjoys. Since the postwar era, America’s best universities have led the world. Harvard, Princeton, MIT, CalTech — these elite universities are the foundation of the American scientific supremacy that has in turn fueled decades of economic growth. But also, by virtue of their unparalleled ability to attract the best minds from around the world, these schools have given the US the educational privilege of being the magnet of global academic excellence. In the same way that the dollar’s dominance has allowed the US to live beyond its means, the dominance of elite universities has compensated for the fact that the US has, at best, a mediocre K-12 educational system. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Star_Caught_Orbiting_Inside_Another_Star_in Bizarre_First⠀⇛ Binary star systems are pairs of stars held together by gravity, orbiting a common center of mass. More than half of all stars in our galaxy are part of a binary or multiple-star system making them surprisingly common. o § Career/Education⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_Gutting_of_the_Department_of_Education_Is Worse_Than_You_Think⠀⇛ Four experts on public education in the US spoke to The Nation about how the dismantling of the Department of Education will hurt students immediately and in the years to come. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Vidit Bhargava ☛ The_problem_with_AI_hardware_is_that_it’s called_AI_Hardware⠀⇛ If the two AI Hardware devices that released last year are any indication, there’s a lot of work to be done before anything can be successful in this field. Why? The problem with AI hardware is the fact that it’s called AI Hardware. This is a nonsensical term that doesn’t mean anything but Silicon Valley is hell bent on trying to give it meaning and form. The lack of creative naming is also a lack of product clarity in my humble opinion. # ⚓ University of Toronto ☛ Intel_versus_AMD_is_currently_an emotional_decision_for_me⠀⇛ At this point Intel has very little going for its desktop CPUs as compared to the current generation AMD Ryzens. Intel CPUs have better idle power levels, and may have better single-core burst performance. In absolute performance I probably won't notice much difference, and unlike Stapelberg I don't do the kind of work where I really care about build speed (and if I do, I have access to much more powerful machines). As far as the idle power goes, I likely will notice the better idle power level (some of the time), but my system is likely to idle at lower power in general than Stapelberg's will, especially at home where I'll try to use the onboard graphics if at all possible (so I won't have the (idle) power price of a GPU card). o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Akseli Lahtinen ☛ Ramble:_Tired_and_Emotional⠀⇛ Nowadays when I look at most new things in technology, my first instinct is not "Oh that looks cool." My first instinct is instead: "Oh great, another tool to fuck us over." # ⚓ EcoWatch ☛ PFAS_‘Forever_Chemicals’_Detected_in_95%_of Beers_Tested_in_U.S.⠀⇛ “Beer has been a staple beverage since premodern times, when it was actually considered safer than water given the destruction of waterborne pathogens during brewing,” the authors of the findings wrote. “Breweries typically have basic water filtration and treatment processes to ensure source water meets brewing requirements. While these processes aim to balance water parameters for brewing, they are not necessarily effective at removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).” # ⚓ Mike Rockwell ☛ I_Have_a_YouTube_Problem⠀⇛ I spend too much time watching YouTube videos as well and am looking to try and cut back in the coming weeks. # ⚓ Scott_Adams_vs._a_cancer_quack⠀⇛ I realize that it’s been four weeks since I posted here, posting about the soft eugenics of MAHA. I’ve been meaning to get back into it, but, for whatever reason, whenever I’ve tried to do so something got in the way; that is, until now. Perhaps it’s because there are few things that I enjoy writing about more than a good crank fight, and few cranks are as cranky as disgraced Dr. William Makis, Makis, as you might recall, is the disgraced nuclear medicine radiologist who lost his medical license in Alberta and, while probably not the originator of the antivax concept that COVID-19 vaccines cause not just cancer, but turbo cancer, has arguably been the most vocal antivax quack promoting the idea. In Makis’ telling, COVID-19 vaccines are so full of mutating evil humors that they cause cancers that are not just run-of-the- mill cancers that anyone can get as they get older, but rather cancers so fast-growing and malignant that the are called “turbo cancers,” cancers. Never mind that he can’t define what the heck a “turbo cancer” is compared to regular cancers or provide any good evidence that cancer, much less “turbo cancers,” are associated with COVID-19 vaccination. None of that stopped him from becoming a total cancer quack, promoting all manner of quackery. On the opposing side of this crank fight is Dilbert cartoonist Scott Adams, who actually comes off closer to the side of reason, not to mention being the more sympathetic character due to his having been diagnosed with stage 4 prostate cancer that he tried to treat with Makis’ “protocol,” which involves: # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ The_USDA_Ended_a_Program_That_Helps_Tribes Get_Healthy_Food⠀⇛ As he has promoted the Trump administration’s “Make America Healthy Again” agenda, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the U.S. Health and Human Services secretary, has lamented the toll that processed foods have taken on the health of Americans, in particular Native Americans. Prepackaged foods have “mass poisoned” tribal communities, he said last month when he met with tribal leaders and visited a Native American health clinic in Arizona. o § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ [Repeat] The Register UK ☛ German_court_jails_Volkswagen execs_over_Dieselgate_scandal⠀⇛ Volkswagen staff admitted to a conspiracy to fudge emission results, the company pled guilty and paid substantial fines and recalled around 11 million cars. In 2019 German authorities charged four execs of the matter, and Braunschweig Regional Court decided one of the resulting cases on Monday. German media reports explain that four VW execs were jailed for between 15 and 54 months, with the judge finding all knowingly contributed to the scandal. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ A_Kaiser_Permanente_systems_outage_has pharmacies_relying_on_pen_and_paper_|_The_Verge⠀⇛ Healthcare company Kaiser Permanente is dealing with a system outage that is forcing its hospitals and pharmacies to fill out prescriptions with pen and paper — and is slowing down services at other parts of the company, too. # ⚓ Gabriel ☛ An_Identity_Crisis?_-_GABZ/ML⠀⇛ What I am trying to get at is that I have strong feelings about moving away from Apple as much as possible, the feeling of being locked into their garden makes me feel uneasy, and is nost just Apple devices and services, there are many other areas in my digital life that I am starting to feel like I don't control, own or can move away from. And perhaps moving to Android is not the solution, but it feels like a first step and perhaps a little bit of rebellion, especially in these times where rebellion is a must. # § Artificial Intelligence (AI) / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾ # ⚓ Wired ☛ Why_Anthropic’s_New_AI_Model_Sometimes_Tries to_‘Snitch’⠀⇛ Bowman says the whistleblowing behaviour Anthropic observed isn’t something Claude will exhibit with individual users, but could come up with developers using Opus 4 to build their own applications with the company’s API. Even then, it’s unlikely app makers will see such behavior. To produce such a response, developers would have to give the model “fairly unusual instructions” in the system prompt, connect it to external tools that give the model the ability to run computer commands, and allow it to contact the outside world. # ⚓ Mandy Brown ☛ Alive_|_everything_changes⠀⇛ To put this another way: even if you believe that shackling yourself to the machines is the only way to keep food on the table, you’re still coming to harm. Any choice you make here isn’t between safety and harm but between different kinds of harm. And maybe the threats are just that—sneering words spit from the mouths of bullies. Maybe it’s time to call their bluff. # ⚓ Jan Lukas Else ☛ I_need_to_migrate_away_from Telegram⠀⇛ AI [sic] integration would be ok per se, but why the worst of all AIs [sic]? No, thank you! # ⚓ Cory Dransfeldt ☛ 'Slop'_is_also_an_apt_description of_your_new_AI_feature⠀⇛ Mediocre images, mediocre writing and mediocre, altogether unnecessary features. Calling a feature set like Apple Intelligence mediocre would be charitable — it's baked in computational slop that enables the generation of ever more content slop. The best part of Apple Intelligence is that you can turn it off. # ⚓ Vox ☛ Why_Pope_Leo_has_so_much_to_say_about_AI, briefly_explained [Ed: Well, but SLOP is INCAPABLE of good, it's just glorified plagiarism done poorly]⠀⇛ In his first speech to the press, he recognized that AI has “immense potential” but emphasized that we need to “ensure that it can be used for the good of all.” # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ AI_agents_confused_by_some_aspects of_websites,_ads⠀⇛ Andreas Stöckl told The Register that the study has different implications for publishers and for advertisers. One of the findings, he said, is that ad personalization must be adapted to suit agents. # ⚓ NYMag ☛ Google’s_AI_Is_Burying_the_Web_Alive⠀⇛ Meanwhile, AI Mode all but buries them, not just summarizing their content for reading within Google’s product but inviting you to explore and expand on those summaries by asking more questions, rather than clicking out. In many cases, links are retained merely to provide backup and sourcing, included as footnotes and appendices rather than destinations: [...] # ⚓ Dedoimedo ☛ Google_search_without_AI_[sic,_slop]_plus custom_Firefox_search_engine⠀⇛ Let's start with the simple thing. Google has supported search parameters since forever. Basically, simply append search qualifiers and values after the question mark (?) in the address bar, and the search engine will behave accordingly. Namely: [...] # § Social Control Media⠀➾ # ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ My_sister_was_found_dead._Then_I discovered_her_search_history_–_and_the_online_world that_had_gripped_her⠀⇛ Walton believes that what takes place on the forum “is a type of radicalisation into an extreme action that people otherwise might not even have considered.” She is haunted by the possibility that the man who was with Aimee when she died was “living out a sick fantasy as an incel who wants to see a young and vulnerable woman end her life”. o § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Employee_of_Panasonic_Automotive_Systems_appointed_Linux Foundation_Japan_Evangelist [Ed: This is essentially a bribe- for role; those seats are on sale; it is openwashing [1, 1]]⠀⇛ Panasonic Automotive Systems Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; President: Masashi Nagayasu; hereinafter referred to as “PAS”) today announced that effective June 2025, Hiroyuki Ishii will be appointed as an evangelist in the Linux Foundation Japan Evangelist Program, specializing in the automotive sector. o § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Security Week ☛ OneDrive_Gives_Web_Apps_Full_Read Access_to_All_Files⠀⇛ Security researchers warn that OneDrive’s file sharing tool may grant third-party web apps access to all your files—not just the one you choose to upload. # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ EU_probes_4_porn_sites_over_failure to_block_minors⠀⇛ The EU is also developing an official age- verification app and has invited public input, including from parents, as part of broader efforts to create binding guidelines for online child protection. # ⚓ Privacy International ☛ All_Eyes_on_my_Period?_Period tracking_apps_and_the_future_of_privacy_in_a_post-Roe world_|_Privacy_International⠀⇛ Globally, similar patterns are emerging. Across Europe, rising right-wing populism is fueling anxiety about the future of reproductive rights. In countries like Italy recent legislative changes have raised fears about increased barriers to access. Meanwhile, abortion remains heavily criminalised in Poland and Malta, where legal exceptions are extremely limited. These developments underscore the fragility of reproductive rights even in regions where such rights have been long been considered secure. In this increasingly challenging landscape, the role of period tracking apps is under renewed scrutiny. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Palantir’s_Idea_of_Peace⠀⇛ Palantir sells data analytics software, sometimes custom-made, to seemingly every federal, state, and local agency in the country—its current and former clients include intelligence agencies (the CIA, NSA, and FBI), military branches (the Department of Defense), law enforcement (ICE and various local police departments), financial oversight agencies (the IRS and SEC), and even public health bodies (the CDC, FDA, and NIH)—as well as to a plethora of Washington- friendly regimes abroad, with controversial contracts in Israel, Ukraine, and the United Kingdom. The company’s core government product, Palantir Gotham, acts as a computational force multiplier for state power, aggregating disparate databases and digital breadcrumbs into comprehensive profiles that facilitate everything from drone strikes abroad to immigrant deportations at home. As the public face of this enterprise, Karp has repeatedly alluded to Palantir’s covert, thankless heroism, cryptically bragging that the company has thwarted “innumerable” attacks on civilians across Europe over the past two decades. He has done little to amend what might be called Palantir’s genesis myth (first narrated by Mark Bowden in his account of Osama bin Laden’s killing, The Finish) that the company’s intelligence tools helped SEAL Team Six locate the Al Qaeda leader’s compound and then shoot him dead. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Euro_execs_mull_use_of_US_clouds, say_senior_techies⠀⇛ Amid the economic uncertainty of Trump 2.0, dependence on American tech has become a growing concern for many businesses, and a survey of 1,000 IT leaders claims that data sovereignty is now one of the most pressing issues. # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Location_Tracking_App_for_Foreigners in_Moscow⠀⇛ Russia is proposing a rule that all foreigners in Moscow install a tracking app on their phones. # ⚓ [Old] The Register UK ☛ World_Cup_apps_pose_a_data security_and_privacy_nightmare⠀⇛ With mandated spyware downloads to tens of thousands of surveillance cameras equipped with facial-recognition technology, the World Cup in Qatar next month is looking more like a data security and privacy nightmare than a celebration of the beautiful game. # § Confidentiality⠀➾ # ⚓ OpenPGP.foo ☛ Post-quantum_cryptography⠀⇛ Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is a branch of cryptography that develops algorithms which are thought to be secure against attacks using hypothetical quantum computers (which don’t exist right now, but may be developed in the future). Development and deployment of such algorithms defends against potential future attacks (in case relevant quantum computers materialize). Defense against potential future attacks with quantum computers is of particular interest for encryption. In particular when it is relevant if an attacker might store encrypted communication and decrypt it in the future. Defending against such an attack requires deployment of countermeasures well before the attack becomes practical. # ⚓ Sourceforge ☛ GnuPG_for_OS_X_/_macOS_/_Documentation /_Home⠀⇛ Different flavours of GnuPG for macOS are available via several package managers. Note that the ordering is purely subjective in nature, and possibly incomplete. Please pick whichever package manager best suits your personal requirements. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Mike Brock ☛ Democracy_Today,_Democracy_Tomorrow,_Democracy Everywhere,_Democracy_Forever!⠀⇛ The most contemptible aspect of our current moment isn't the existence of obvious tyrants like Xi Jinping or Vladimir Putin—there have always been strongmen who rule through fear and violence. It's the cowardice of American business and cultural elites who are too comfortable, too invested, too morally bankrupt to call tyranny by its name. These are the tech billionaires who build the infrastructure for Chinese surveillance while lecturing Americans about privacy rights. The Wall Street financiers who fund authoritarian regimes while wrapping themselves in the rhetoric of democratic values. The Hollywood executives who censor their own films to appease Xi Jinping's censors while positioning themselves as champions of artistic freedom. They are not neutral observers navigating complex geopolitical realities. They are collaborators who have chosen profit over principle, comfort over courage, market access over moral conviction. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ The_Strategy_the_Trump_Administration_Is Using_to_Hide_Its_Court_Defiance⠀⇛ We have spent the past few months surveying the second Trump administration’s practice regarding court orders and reviewed dozens of cases. We observed a clear pattern: The administration uses the language of the law as cover to claim that it is complying with court orders when in fact it is not. We call this “legalistic noncompliance,” a term intended to capture how the administration has deployed an array of specious legal arguments to conceal what is actually pervasive defiance of judicial oversight. It is a powerful strategy, as it obscures the substance of what the administration is doing with the soothing language of the law. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ How_America_Lost_Control_of_the_Seas⠀⇛ Thanks to decades of misguided policy choices, the U.S. has an astonishing lack of maritime capacity. # ⚓ Air Force Times ☛ Airmen_hold_first_training_sortie_for_new electronic_attack_plane⠀⇛ Airmen this month conducted the first mission training sortie for the new EA-37B Compass Call, a milestone for the adoption of the Air Force’s new electronic attack aircraft. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Finland's_openly-fascist_Blue-Black_Movement officially_re-registers_as_political_party⠀⇛ The group first registered as a political party in 2022, but this was later deemed a "mistake" by the Justice Ministry and an application was subsequently filed by the ministry with the Supreme Administrative Court to remove the Blue-Black Movement from the register. This request was granted by the court in 2024, as it ruled the party's programme was incompatible with constitutional and human rights law. # ⚓ The Local SE ☛ Sweden_charges_jihadist_over_Jordanian_pilot burned_to_death_in_Syria⠀⇛ Prosecutors have charged a Swedish [sic] jihadist over the 2014 capture and subsequent killing of a Jordanian pilot, who was burned to death in a cage in Syria after being captured by the Islamic State (IS or Isis) group. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Russia_sentences_programmer_to_14_years for_treason⠀⇛ Aleksandr Levchishin, 37, from Bratsk, worked in one of the city's hospitals and, according to the Irkutsk Regional Courts, is alleged to have copied the medical records of Russian soldiers to transmit their details to "the other side." # ⚓ The Kyiv Independent ☛ As_Russia’s_fiber_optic_drones_flood the_battlefield,_Ukraine_is_racing_to_catch_up⠀⇛ When flying on fiber optic, the drone pilot is not concerned by questions of radio horizon or electronic warfare, and — so long as the fiber itself isn’t damaged or broken mid-flight — can count on a perfect video feed right up to the target. Over 2024 especially, both Ukraine and Russia invested heavily in expensive EW systems to protect vehicles and other high-value targets, but against these new drones, they are rendered useless. Likewise, the same goes for radio-based drone detector devices commonly used by units to warn them of FPVs flying in the area. As has been demonstrated by both sides on the battlefield, fiber optic also allows FPV drones to fly where they never could before. # ⚓ Andrew Doyle ☛ Should_we_tolerate_the_intolerant?⠀⇛ But what about the scenario of mass immigration from countries where tolerance itself is mistrusted? If we fail to make cultural assimilation a condition of citizenship, and instead foster multicultural societies in which opposition to liberal values and free speech become the norm, are we not endangering society as a whole? Where would we be if Islamist fanatics were to seize power in parliament, or sharia courts were to become more widespread, or the population shifted to such a degree that the public votes for a party that promises to take away its freedoms? Is this not precisely what Popper envisaged when he claimed that ‘if we are not prepared to defend a tolerant society against the onslaught of the intolerant, then the tolerant will be destroyed, and tolerance with them’? I do not claim to know how best to negotiate this problem. In a previous article, I explored the case of Sweden, whose lax approach to cultural assimilation has reached the point where it feels as though the liberal consensus that the country once enjoyed has been obliterated for good. I noted that in spite of once boasting a crime rate significantly lower than most of its European neighbours, Sweden is now known as the gun-crime capital of the continent. With the exception of Mexico, Sweden is the country with the highest incidence of grenade and bomb attacks in any nation not at war. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ BoingBoing ☛ "19_Years_of_Broken_Promises":_Wired_examines Elon_Musk's_track_record⠀⇛ Reading Wired's analysis of Elon "Pedo Guy" Musk's record of lies, you'd have thought the "tell" they are exposing was "his lips are moving," but they found something else. # ⚓ Wired ☛ There’s_a_Very_Simple_Pattern_to_Elon_Musk’s_Broken Promises⠀⇛ WIRED examined the history of Musk’s pledges on everything from Full Self Driving, Hyperloop, Robotaxis, and, yes, robot armies, with a view to reminding ourselves, his fans, and investors how reality in Elon’s world rarely matches up to the rhetoric. Tellingly, Musk’s fallback forecast of “next year” turns up repeatedly, only to be consistently proven wrong. “My predictions have a pretty good track record,” Musk told Tesla staff at an all-hands meeting in March. Here's a chronological look at that track record. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Renewable Energy World ☛ Who's_afraid_of_the_Big_Beautiful Bill?_I_am.⠀⇛ The House bill threatens U.S. energy development, heavily favoring fossil fuels and thereby driving up not only greenhouse gas emissions but utility bills since solar PV is the cheapest and fastest- to-market generation technology at the moment. The United States needs to add 206.5 GW of new energy capacity by 2030, with solar expected to supply 73% of that capacity, according to SEIA. Without solar and storage, America will have to navigate an energy shortage that jacks up utility bills and slows economic growth. And by stifling energy development, the OBBBA also crimps our ability to compete with China in our ongoing competition to create god in the machine. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Renewable Energy World ☛ ‘It_will_destroy_this_place: ’_West_Virginia_residents_fight_for_future_against proposed_data_center⠀⇛ A Virginia-based company, Fundamental Data, was applying for an air permit from the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection for what it called the “Ridgeline Facility.” The company’s heavily redacted application showed plans to build an off-the- grid natural gas power plant between Thomas and Davis. That power plant will likely be designed to power an enormous data center just a mile out from Tucker County’s most populous and tourist-attracting areas. Earlier this month, representatives for Fundamental Data — who did not respond to requests for comment on this article — told the Wall Street Journal that the facility could be “among the largest data center campuses in the world,” spanning 10,000 acres across Tucker and Grant counties if fully realized. # ⚓ Michigan News ☛ Southwest_Airlines_reveals_prices_for new_checked_bag_policy⠀⇛ After more than 50 years of offering free checked bags for customers, Southwest Airlines has begun charging for the service. Starting Tuesday, the budget airline is now charging $35 for a customer’s first checked bag and $45 for the second bag. # ⚓ Wired ☛ Auto_Shanghai_2025_Wasn’t_Just_a_Car_Show._It Was_a_Warning_to_the_West⠀⇛ Some Western brands might need a rapid- response unit of their own, since not only are their sales falling in China, but the popularity of Chinese upstarts elsewhere is surging. BYD expects to double its overseas sales in a single year, rising from 417,000 vehicles in 2024 to over 800,000 in 2025. With US sales on ice, an increasingly brand- agnostic UK is poised to become a key battleground for BYD, along with Latin America and Southeast Asia. # ⚓ The Drone Girl ☛ Flytrex_and_Wing_just_did_something that's_never_been_done⠀⇛ In a groundbreaking shift for the drone delivery industry, Flytrex and Wing — two of the largest commercial drone operators in the U.S. — have begun flying in the same airspace at the same time. It’s happening in the Dallas-Fort Worth metro area, and it’s made possible by an autonomous traffic coordination system. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ The Revelator ☛ Summer_Reads:_10_New_Environmental Memoirs,_Novels,_and_Other_Energizing_Books⠀⇛ o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Elon_Musk's_xAI_pays_Telegram_$300M_to integrate_Grok⠀⇛ Telegram, according to a 2024 report from The Atlantic Council's Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab), is commonly used by Russian authorities and proxies for influence operations. Community of Democracies, an intergovernmental coalition of states, published a related report in January that explores the use of Telegram and also of Musk's X for foreign information manipulation and interference. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Elon_Musk's_xAI_inks_$300M_AI_deal_with Telegram⠀⇛ Dubai-based Telegram claims that its messaging service has more than 1 billion monthly active users. The company makes money through advertising and a paid account tier called Telegram Premium. The subscription provides higher file upload limits, faster download speeds and other features for $4.99 per month. Grok is already available in Telegram Premium. As part of the new partnership with xAI, the app developer will roll out the chatbot to all its users. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Trump_trade_policy_to_cost_Nvidia_$10.5B in_lost_revenues⠀⇛ US export controls blocking the sale of Nvidia’s H20 GPUs to will cost the company $10.5 billion in lost revenues in the first half of the 2026 fiscal year, executives revealed on Wednesday's Q1 earnings call. The export rules, which went into effect in April, effectively cut Nvidia off from the Chinese datacenter market, but not before it managed to deliver roughly $4.6 billion of planned $7.1 billion worth of H20 shipments expected for Q1. # ⚓ Wired ☛ Businesses_Got_Squeezed_by_Trump’s_Tariffs._Now Some_of_Them_Want_Their_Money_Back⠀⇛ Companies have managed to get some money back. Products that were in transit when the higher tariff rate went into effect were exempted from having to pay it. But some of the initial bills importers received didn’t reflect that. A straw-hat importer, who didn’t provide their name when asked in a series of direct messages on Reddit, tells WIRED that they successfully wrangled for an exemption and brought their tariffs rate to about 61 percent from an initially feared nearly 177 percent—though the rate is still double the 31.5 percent they paid in 2023. # ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ Pluralistic:_America_is_a_scam⠀⇛ The election of Donald Trump feeds many needs in the right wing coalition: the libidinal pleasure of seeing trans people, migrants, and anyone who isn't white getting terrorized by masked thugs and swivel-eyed loons; massive tax cuts for the oligarch class, especially those who (like Trump) inherit their wealth; the gutting of public education and the destruction of the barrier between church and state. But the most important, best-served constituency in the Trump coalition is scammers. This has been his promise since his first campaign, when he boasted on national television that he cheated on his taxes because "that makes me smart": [...] # ⚓ Daniel Pocock ☛ Prison_gate_backdrop_to_baptism_by_Fr_Sean O'Connell,_St_Paul's,_Coburg⠀⇛ von Bidder's death was discussed like a suicide and given that it happened shortly after other confirmed suicides, it feels like it was part of a suicide cluster on the day of our wedding. So I received the sacrament of baptism meters away from the gates of a notorious prison known for the murder of a prison guard and then at the sacrament of marriage, we had this Debian death that was avoidable and could even be a criminal act of manslaughter under the British definition of the law. # ⚓ Macworld ☛ Tim_Cook's_year_is_doomed,_and_it's_not_even June_yet⠀⇛ President Trump is miffed that Cook declined to tag along on his field trip to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, both countries, by the way, where you can get the death penalty for being gay, not that they’re likely to try to execute the guy who makes the iPhones. It’s not like he’s a journalist, after all. As Mickle notes, Cook managed to steer through Trump’s first administration by distracting him with shiny objects like a plant in Texas that makes a couple of Mac Pros every so often. This time, Cook greased the skids with a $1 million donation to Trump’s inaugural fund. Nope, we haven’t forgotten about that, although it seems like the president has, either because of the dementia or just inherently having the attention span of a sugar-addled toddler. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ Pivot to AI ☛ Google_takes_AI_propaganda_to_the movies⠀⇛ Google threw some pocket change at Range Media Partners to “help filmmakers at a pivotal moment where AI’s role requires extensive discussion and diverse viewpoints.” Whenever anyone says “viewpoint diversity,” they mean they want you to put in their bad viewpoints. At least the films are being made the usual way, and not with an AI video generator. That’s a separate Google propaganda initiative, where Google backed a dumptruck full of money up to director Darren Aronofsky’s house to produce some short films with DeepMind’s Veo video generator. The movies will be filmed the usual way, then they’ll sprinkle just enough Veo on top to get that cheque from Google. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ CPJ ☛ Sudanese_blogger_Abduljalil_Mohamed_Abduljalil detained_over_corruption_reporting⠀⇛ “The abduction-like arrest of blogger and veteran journalist Abduljalil Mohamed Abduljalil over his reporting on alleged corruption on his Facebook page is a clear example of how journalists are targeted in Sudan,” said Sara Qudah, CPJ’s regional director. “Authorities must immediately and unconditionally release Abduljalil, guarantee his safety, and stop targeting journalists for their work.” # ⚓ Frontpage Magazine ☛ Critics_of_Islam_Are_Being_Silenced_in the_UK⠀⇛ Speakers Corner at Hyde Park is celebrated as the place where individuals are famously free to arrive, stand on a figurative (or literal) soapbox, and speak to groups of listeners about all sorts of issues, expressing the most unpopular views under the watchful eyes of the police, who are there to ensure that speakers are not shouted down or roughed up. There are dozens of speakers, for example, on any given day, conducting da’wa, in an attempt to win more converts to Islam. Hatun Tash is a former Muslim, now a Christian preacher, and hence anathema to Muslims. When she arrived to give a speech on the Qur’an — one that was critical of many passages — a large crowd of angry Muslims surrounded her, intent on keeping her from speaking, and possibly hoping to do her physical harm. They shouted the Islamic war cry of Allahu akbar (“Our god is greater than your god”). And the police, instead of protecting Hatun Tash, whisked her away, preventing her from continuing her talk. This is the “heckler’s veto,” and the whole point of Speakers Corner at Hyde Park is to prevent audience members from shouting down or threatening unpopular speakers, by having the police protect those speakers. But not this time. It was the Muslim hecklers who won and stayed put; it was Hatun Tash who was hauled away, prevented from speaking her piece. Is this now to be the policy at Speakers Corner? If enough members of the audience violently threaten a speaker critical of Islam, will the police now remove the speaker instead of rounding up those who are threatening that speaker? Speakers Corner, which has been in operation for more than 160 years, might as well shut down; it will no longer be a place where free speech — if it is critical of Islam — will be permitted. # ⚓ The Telegraph UK ☛ Keir_Starmer_dragged_into_Koran-burning court_case⠀⇛ In the aftermath of the Koran burning, he says two Iraqi men broke into his home in Derby and threatened him with a knife and an ashtray. Police took him from his home and moved him to a safe house elsewhere in the Midlands, a nondescript terrace that I won’t describe further for obvious reasons. On Wednesday, he goes on trial at Westminster magistrates’ court charged with disorderly behaviour likely to cause “harassment, alarm or distress” for setting the Koran alight. As he did so, according to the charges, Mr Coskun swore, and then shouted “Islam is religion [sic] of terrorism” in his broken English. He is accused under the Public Order Act of being motivated “by hostility towards members of a religious [sic] group, namely followers of Islam”. [...] He added that the court should protect the right of his client – a 59-year-old peacenik – to stage a “peaceful protest in a free and democratic society”. # ⚓ National Secular Society ☛ Coskun_prosecution_could_spell return_of_blasphemy_laws,_NSS_warns⠀⇛ Hamit Coskun will stand trial at Westminster Magistrates' Court for protesting against Islamism outside the Turkish Consulate in February. He set fire to a Quran as part of the protest, which led to a man attacking him with a knife. [...] He also said his protest was an act of solidarity with Salwan Momika – an Iraqi refugee who was assassinated in Sweden in January after burning Qurans in repeated public protests. # ⚓ BBC ☛ Man_admits_attacking_Quran-burning_protester⠀⇛ Kathryn Hughes, prosecuting, told the court that Kadri left a nearby building carrying a large bread knife and proceeded to assault Mr Coskun, whom she said had burned the Quran outside the consulate as part of a "protest". # ⚓ National Secular Society ☛ Charge_against_man_who_burnt Quran_‘incorrectly_worded’,_CPS_admit⠀⇛ But the NSS said any conviction based on the facts of this case would suggest "the reinstatement of an offense of blasphemy in English law by the back door". Blasphemy was abolished as a common law offence in England and Wales in 2008. Shadow justice secretary: "There are many things in our society that people find offensive, but that doesn't make them criminal" # ⚓ The Telegraph UK ☛ Man_who_burned_Koran_faces_charges_for ‘harassing_Islam’⠀⇛ Lawyer Akua Reindorf said it was “plainly defective” because the “religious institution of Islam” was not a “person” for the purposes of the Act. The Crown Prosecution Service’s decision was “tantamount” to bringing a charge of blasphemy. Ms Reindorf said that a conviction on the basis of available facts “would amount to the criminalisation of the act of desecrating a religious text in a public place”. Blasphemy was abolished as a common law offence in England and Wales in 2008. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ Linux_Format_Magazine_Ends_with_Issue_329⠀⇛ The farewell issue, 329, published on May 27, 2025 (unclear why as July 2025 edition), serves as both a tribute and a grand finale, offering a nostalgic trip down memory lane. Former editors gather for some spirited reminiscing over classic reviews, reader favorites, and invaluable “Hotpicks”—the beloved sections that helped thousands navigate Linux’s complexities. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Papers Please ☛ 200,000_people_a_day_fly_without_REAL-ID⠀⇛ The real story of REAL-ID is that more people than ever are flying in the US without REAL-ID, with ID the TSA considers “unacceptable”, or with no ID at all. In a show of massive passive resistance to baseless threats by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to prevent people without REAL-ID from traveling by air, more than 200,000 flyers without REAL-ID passed through TSA checkpoints and boarded scheduled airline flights in the US last Friday, setting a new record for people flying with no ID or with ID the TSA deems “unacceptable” because it isn’t considered compliant with the REAL-ID Act of 2005. Despite twenty years of false claims that airline passengers without REAL-ID would be  turned away at TSA checkpoints after the REAL-ID deadline, we’ve been unable to confirm any report of a traveler blocked by the TSA for lack of REAL-ID in the three weeks since the TSA claimed that it would start enforcing the REAL-ID Act at airports. # ⚓ The Dissenter ☛ Police_Raid_Against_Journalist_Asa Winstanley_Was_Unlawful,_UK_Court_Rules⠀⇛ # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Fast_track_to_deportation:_ICE_arrests_at immigration_court⠀⇛ First, ICE lawyers terminate people’s cases in immigration court. Then ICE officers arrest them at or just outside the courthouse. As a result, immigrants who may be trying to gain legal status in the United States are instead targeted for rapid removal. Dozens of these immigration court arrests by masked, plainclothes law enforcement were reported across the country last week, including in Texas, Arizona, Nevada, and New York. Those included a Venezuelan student in the Bronx, who Chalkbeat reports entered the country lawfully, and asylum- seeking men in Las Vegas. # ⚓ ACLU ☛ What_Is_Due_Process?_|_American_Civil_Liberties Union⠀⇛ In the first months of his administration, President Donald Trump repeatedly threatened due process, a fundamental principle enshrined in the U.S. Constitution. His attacks have spanned from the arbitrary use of the Alien Enemies Act to deport legal residents, to the unlawful detention of students. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Cory_Doctorow_on_how_we_lost_the_[Internet]⠀⇛ Cory Doctorow wears many hats: digital activist, science-fiction author, journalist, and more. He has also written many books, both fiction and non- fiction, runs the Pluralistic blog, is a visiting professor, and is an advisor to the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF); his Chokepoint Capitalism co-author, Rebecca Giblin, gave a 2023 keynote in Australia that we covered. Doctorow gave a rousing keynote on the state of the "enshitternet"—today's [Internet]—to kick off the recently held PyCon US 2025 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He began by noting that he is known for coining the term "enshittification" about the decay of tech platforms, so attendees were probably expecting to hear about that; instead, he wanted to start by talking about nursing. A recent study described how nurses are increasingly getting work through one of three main apps that ""bill themselves out as 'Uber for nursing'"". The nurses never know what they will be paid per hour prior to accepting a shift and the three companies act as a cartel in order to ""play all kinds of games with the way that labor is priced"". [...] As anyone with a technical background knows, ""any task that is simple, but time-consuming is a prime candidate for automation"". This kind of ""wage theft"" would be tedious and expensive to do by hand, but it is trivial to play these games using computers. This kind of thing is not just bad for nurses, he said, its bad for those who are using their services. # ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ Revealed:_Saudi_Arabia’s_secretive rehabilitation_‘prisons’_for_disobedient_women⠀⇛ While Saudi Arabia celebrates being awarded the Fifa men’s World Cup and meticulously promotes itself on the global stage as reformed, women who have dared to publicly call for more rights and freedoms have faced house arrest, jail and exile. Activists say the country’s care homes are one of the regime’s lesser-known tools for controlling and punishing women, and want them to be abolished. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Verizon_Asks_Trump_Admin_To_Destroy_All_Popular_Phone Unlocking_Requirements⠀⇛ Now, with the Trump administration openly destroying whatever’s left of U.S. federal corporate oversight and consumer protection standards, Verizon sees an opportunity. As Jon Brodkin at Ars Technica notes, Verizon’s attempting to get the Trump administration to kill all unlocking requirements, in a bid to drag everyone back to the dark ages of cellphone use. Verizon being Verizon, they can’t help but lie about it in a petition to the Trump FCC, claiming that they simply must be allowed to unfairly lock down mobile devices, because doing anything else harms competition and helps criminals: [...] * [Video]_Cory_Doctorow_Explains_DMCA:_DRM_in_the_Browser_(or_Webapp)_Will "Make_It_a_Felony_to_Protect_Your_Privacy_While_You_Use_It." * Thanks_for_All_the_Fish,_Linux_Format ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5218 ➮ Generation completed at 02:49, i.e. 9 seconds to (re)generate ⟲