𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Saturday, August 16, 2025
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Generated Sun 17 Aug 02:49:24 BST 2025
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals
The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈
Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔
Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕
Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2025/08/16/


╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
  Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order):

QmbHjgPAAcGNUG9Sej4vSKhK8DfUYokfFkXLdKwr1JtGJG
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QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s
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QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL
QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X
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QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe
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QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu


╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⦿ Techrights  -  Don't Talk to Bullies

⦿ Techrights  -  IRC Proceedings: Friday, August 15, 2025

⦿ Techrights  -  Original European Patent Convention (EPC, 1973), Routinely Violated by the European Patent Office, Now in Geminispace

⦿ Techrights  -  Over at Tux Machines...

⦿ Techrights  -  Slopwatch: Google News, LinuxSecurity, LinuxBSDos.com, and Garbage From Brian Fagioli

⦿ Techrights  -  Slopwatch: WebProNews and Google News Promoting Fake Articles About "Linux"

⦿ Techrights  -  The Case for Software Freedom in Europe Becomes Stronger as GAFAM and the US Become Allies of Those Who Invade Europe

 ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Don_t_Talk_to_Bullies.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_August_15_2025.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Original_European_Patent_Convention_EPC_1973_Routinely_Violated.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Slopwatch_Google_News_LinuxSecurity_LinuxBSDos_com_and_Garbage_.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Slopwatch_WebProNews_and_Google_News_Promoting_Fake_Articles_Ab.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/The_Case_for_Software_Freedom_in_Europe_Becomes_Stronger_as_GAF.shtml

 ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Gemini_Links_16_08_2025_Back_After_Hiatus_and_News_Aggregators_.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Gemini_Links_16_08_2025_Politics_and_Alhena_5_2_8.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Links_16_08_2025_Chatbots_Bad_for_Kids_Software_Patents_Apple_B.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Links_16_08_2025_Loners_and_Vacation_Climate_Issues.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Links_16_08_2025_mRNA_Being_Abandoned_Putin_Plant_Flags_in_Alas.shtml
https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Links_16_08_2025_Science_Besieged_Confidentiality_Standards_Bre.shtml

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 70

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Don_t_Talk_to_Bullies.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Don_t_Talk_to_Bullies.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Don't Talk to
Bullies⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


Yesterday, a few minutes before the end of the week (when law firms shut their
offices), I received another rude E-mail full of typos and name-calling from
the firm that's losing many female staff and lost_about_20%_of_its_staff since
it started attacking my wife and I with threatening E-mails (yesterday was no
exception). I generally don't engage with rude people who issue threats to me.
They clearly lost track of who their clients are, they cannot even spell their
names correctly, and they cannot recruit lawyers to replace those who leave [1,
2, 3]. They now spend their remaining cash, cash that partly came from
Microsoft, trying (with advertisements) for 4+ months already to recruit
someone and even lowering_the_standards_considerably:


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Solicitor_Media_and_Communications_Law_(3_-_6_PQE):_Since
          April,_they're_lowering_the_standards_now,_buying_ads_too⦈_


We're busy preparing for a long holiday, so we won't be spending any time
talking back to bullies, who basically represent very reprehensible people [1,
2, 3] and act as a UK proxy for them. This serious matter is still being
examined by British authorities. They more they say, the more they reinforce
the prejudice regulators already have.


How much lower can Microsofters stoop? They not only attack reporters but also
their spouses. █


    * The_Case_for_Software_Freedom_in_Europe_Becomes_Stronger_as_GAFAM_and_the
      US_Become_Allies_of_Those_Who_Invade_Europe
    * Links_17/08/2025:_Breaches,_Layoffs,_and_Scams


⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣯⣯⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 130

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_August_15_2025.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_August_15_2025.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Friday, August 15,
2025⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_snowy_mountain_range_in_the_Pacific_Northwest,_USA⦈_


                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_


                                              #techrights_log                                                                                           #boycottnovell_log


                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_


                                         #boycottnovell-social_log                                                                                        #techbytes_log


===============================================================================
The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights
contain all the text.


                          Enter_the_IRC_channels_now


    * Slopwatch:_WebProNews_and_Google_News_Promoting_Fake_Articles_About
      "Linux"
    * Over_at_Tux_Machines...


⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡿⣿
⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡭⢷⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣟⠿⠷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡪
⠊⠉⠀⠀⠚⠯⢴⢮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣷⣿⡏⠉⢣⣾⠑⡂⠨⠛⠏⠉⠛⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣿⣥⣬⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠈⠙⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠻⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣾⠿⠃⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠃⣸⣿⡶⡚⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣛⣻⣿⢿⠎⠸⠄⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⠟⠙⠁⠛⠁⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 362

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Original_European_Patent_Convention_EPC_1973_Routinely_Violated.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Original_European_Patent_Convention_EPC_1973_Routinely_Violated.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Original European Patent Convention (EPC,
1973), Routinely Violated by the European Patent Office, Now in
Geminispace⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Don't_worry_if_it's_illegal_when_the_leader_says_do_it⦈_


Yesterday and two_days_ago we looked back at the European Patent Convention
(EPC) and showed that it instructed if not mandated a ban on software patents.


We've put the_document_in_Geminispace, where it can be read easily without a
PDF viewer ("the part pertaining to the treaty seems to be done," says the
person who works/ed on the conversion). There's a lot of text in it; see in
particular Article 52 plus also 138. Here's part which the EPO deliberately
violates every hour of the day:


     § Article 52. PATENTABLE INVENTIONS⠀➾




             (1) European patents shall be granted for any inventions
     which
             are susceptible of industrial application, which are new and
             which involve an inventive step.


             (2) The following in particular shall not be regarded as
             inventions within the meaning of paragraph 1 :
              (a) discoveries, scientific theories and mathematical
     methods;
              (b) aesthetic creations;
              (c) schemes, rules and methods for performing mental acts,
                  playing games or doing business, and programs for
     computers;
              (d) presentations of information.
Article 138:


     § CHAPTER II. REVOCATION AND PRIOR RIGHTS⠀➾



     ⚓  Article 138. GROUNDS FOR REVOCATION⠀⇛




     (1) Subject to the provisions of Article 139, a European patent may
     only be revoked under the law of a Contracting State, with effect for
     its territory, on the following grounds:
     (a) if the subject-matter of the European patent is not patentable
     within the terms of Articles 52 to 57;
     (b) if the European patent does not disclose the invention in a
     manner sufficiently clear and complete for it to be carried out by a
     person skilled in the art;
     (c) if the subject-matter of the European patent extends beyond the
     content of the application as filed or, if the patent was granted on
     a divisional application or on a new application filed in accordance
     with Article 61, beyond the content of the earlier application as
     filed;
     (d) if the protection conferred by the European patent has been
     extended;
     (e) if the proprietor of the European patent is not entitled under
     Article 60, paragraph 1.


     (2) If the grounds for revocation only affect the European patent in
     part, revocation shall be pronounced in the form of a corresponding
     limitation of the said patent. If the national law so allows, the
     limitation may be effected in the form of an amendment to the claims,
     the description or the drawings.

This means that hundreds of thousands of European Patents must be immediately
revoked.


Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos loved to pretend that their corruption
was "OK" as long as it brought money (some of this money was sent to Minsk).
Seeing that the media no longer "cares" (no coverage of this), the other day we
decided that we should quote Article 52 (especially regarding computers) and
part of Article 128. It's not "old news" when the law is being broken every
day. █


    * Gemini_Links_16/08/2025:_Politics_and_Alhena_5.2.8
    * Slopwatch:_WebProNews_and_Google_News_Promoting_Fake_Articles_About
      "Linux"


⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⠿⠾⡇⣿⢸⡇⣶⢼⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠃⠐⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⢸⢰⡆⡦⢰⠀⡆⡖⣶⢰⢶⠀⡆⣦
⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠐⡂⢀⠀⢩⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⡀⢷⠀⢀⣀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⠿⠷⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡠⣀⠀⠸⢃⢋⠘⢘⠃⢀⡸⣀⠇⠷⠿⠸⠾⠀⠇⠿
⠭⢭⠭⠭⠩⣭⠍⠉⢹⡿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢨⡅⢸⠀⠈⡢⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢡⠀⠀⠀⢽⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣍⣹⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⣾⣴⢐⠲⠘⠒⠒⠀⢸⣯⢠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠈⠃⢸⠀⠐⠁⠀⠀⠠⠀⠿⠿⠸⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠉⢸⡄⠄⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢀⢤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⡿⢨⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣐⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢠⠠⢲⣸⠇⠀⢨⡄⠀⠀⢀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣺⡷⠀⠐⣒⢢⢄⣠⣽⣦⠗⢀⢐⠔⢩⣿⣦⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢨⡸⠈⢡⢤⣿⣿⣷⡆⠨⢸⡅⢀⠀⢠⢭⠿⣀⢂⠐⡛⢧⠑⠙⠻⠓⠤⢤⢃⡘⣿⠿⠧⡘⠒⡂⠩⣭⡄⠈⢃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣁⣀⣀⣀
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠛⠙⠀⠀⢐⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠃⢠⠀⠸⠻⠃⢀⡀⠔⠙⠃⠀⢀⣢⣫⣉⣶⠿⠃⠕⠋⠂⣁⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣁⡀⠀⠃⠀⠈⠀⠘⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⠇⠹⠿⠷⠶⠶⠞⠂⠀⠀⣙⡛⠛⠛⠛⡇⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡿⡿⣾⢸⣿⣿⢿⡇⠀⢀⠀⢀⡜⠋⣉⠹⠁⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⡿⣿⣛⣛⣛⢿⢛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⢛⣶⣦⣄⡐⠲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⡿⢟⣿
⢸⡇⢨⢸⡿⠷⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠇⠀⠒⢰⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠁⠀⠼⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠈⡡⠃⠈⠀⠈⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠛⡓⣛⣛⣜⡜⠛⣙⣃⣛⣣⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢿⡇⢧⣀⠀⢀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⣿⣦⣤⣤⣼⡇⠀⠀⠈⢿⣧⣟⣠⣄⣀⣀⣂⣰⣤⣤⡔⠱⡄⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢹⢸⣿⢱⡆⣿⣿⢴⡶⣰⣶⣸⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣧⣿⣯⣥⣬⣤⣽⣴⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⢖⣤⡤⠔⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠜⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⣷⡶⡗⡖⡷⢺⢳⢶⣶⢶⣥⣶⡶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⡤⠚⠁⠀⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣋⣉⣉⡙⠉⢻⣯⡭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢉⠝⢿⣿⣯⠁⠀⡐⠁⠀⠀⠀⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡇⡏⡇⣯⣸⢿⣸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢇⣄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠈⡿⠛⢀⠟⠉⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⢫⢻⡽⣩⡝⡭⡝⡭⢩⢭⠟⡭⠝⣭⢹⡽⡭⢝⢻⢽⢻⢿⢿⣯⢯⢿⣿⡿⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠈⠈⠀⠐⢜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠣⡡⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡸⠼⠯⠿⠧⠧⢇⠯⠼⠹⣙⢯⠷⣿⣾⣇⣯⢯⡼⠼⣸⣼⣼⣿⣸⣼⠟⢁⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠙⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣴⡘⣿⠁⠷⠄⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣤⣾⢿⠛⠛⠛⡷⣦⡀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢉⣴⡏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡃⠀⠈⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⡿⢤⣮⡲⡃⠑⠀⠁⠚⠃⠄⠁⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⡅⣰⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠙⠻⣄⠀⢀⣌⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⢰⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣖⣻⣿⠀⣶⣚⣻⣷⣠⣤⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣞⣛⣓⠀⠀⠈⡄⢶⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠧⣵⣿⡗⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⡼⠁⢀⠈⢿⣾⣿⣯⣭⣥⣤⣄⠀⠉⠉⡉⠙⠛⠛⢉⣉⣉⣡⣤⡉⠛⢿⣿⣿⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢸⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⡿⣟⣯⠄⠀⠀⡥⢤⠀⠀⠀⠬⠙⠒⣊⡥⠤⢴⣿⡟⠀⠔⣉⠢⠓⠘⢥⣾⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣈⠛⠷⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⢸⠉⠁⢁⣢⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣾⢸⡆⣿⡦⠁⠀⣰⣿⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣼⣿⢇⡀⣘⠓⡀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡿⠋⣼⡟⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠈⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⢷⣍⢛⠟⠾⠿⠘⠁⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣾⡻⠝⠉⡔⠀⠀⠈⠢⢀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠇⠀⠀⢀⠄⠹⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⠛⠒⣒⣂⣀⣀⣊⣉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣧⢆⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⢹⣿⣿⣧⣴⣾⠋⠀⠀⠈⠙
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣦⡙⢿⣯⢦⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠏⢹⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡉⢛⣚⣛⣻⣯⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 490

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux
Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Washington_State_Tulips_among_trees⦈_


⚓  Updated This Past Day⠀⇛


   1. ⚓ Sharing_is_Caring [original]⠀⇛


           Sharing is caring, also when it comes to food


   2. ⚓ No_Breaks_in_Tux_Machines [original]⠀⇛


           Crossposted from Techrights


      ⚓  New⠀⇛


   3. ⚓ GNU/Linux,_GNOME,_and_Red_Hat_Leftovers⠀⇛


           today's leftovers


   4. ⚓ Open_Hardware/Modding:_Pironman_5,_Banana_Pi,_and_More⠀⇛


           Hardware leftovers


   5. ⚓ Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers⠀⇛


           FOSS picks


   6. ⚓ Security_Leftovers⠀⇛


           with some Linux focus


   7. ⚓ Mabox_25.08_-_Chinese,_Japanese_and_Korean_fonts⠀⇛


           The August refreshed ISOs include the noto-fonts-cjk package
           for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean fonts – so installing in
           those languages is easier than ever


   8. ⚓ GNOME_49_Beta_Released_for_Public_Testing_on_GNOME’s_28th_Anniversary⠀⇛


           The GNOME Project announced today the beta version of the
           upcoming GNOME 49 desktop environment series for public testing
           with more new features, improvements, and bug fixes, just in
           time for GNOME’s 28th anniversary.


   9. ⚓ Links_15/08/2025:_Leasehold,_Slop_Bubble,_and_Xobaque⠀⇛


           Links for the day


  10. ⚓ GNU/Linux_Leftovers⠀⇛


           news about GNU/Linux mostly


  11. ⚓ Webcam_Support_in_BSDs_and_BSD_Now_on_OpenBSD⠀⇛


           BSD news


  12. ⚓ Red_Hat_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Red Hat technical articles


  13. ⚓ Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers⠀⇛


           FOSS picks


  14. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛


           Development picks


  15. ⚓ Open_Hardware/Modding:_Raspberry_Pi,_Libre_Computer,_and_PinePhone⠀⇛


           hardware picks


  16. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛


           idroot and more


  17. ⚓ Databases:_PostgreSQL,_Datalog,_and_Data_Representation⠀⇛


           DB related picks


  18. ⚓ Red_Hat_Promotes_Slop_Instead_of_Technology⠀⇛


           really sad


  19. ⚓ Back_to_being_FOSS,_Redis_delivers_a_new,_faster_version_•_The
      Register⠀⇛


           Redis 8.2 is FOSS again, albeit under a different license, and
           has multiple performance enhancements


  20. ⚓ Games:_Humble_Point_Blank_Bundle,_Platypus_Reclayed,_and_More⠀⇛


           9 new or latest stories from GamingOnLinux


  21. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛


           5 best open source fitness and health tracking apps on Android


  22. ⚓ Ghostty_Terminal_Rewrites_its_GTK_Build_to_Fix_Linux_Issues⠀⇛


           The Ghostty terminal emulator has finished a rewrite1 of its
           GTK version


  23. ⚓ Free_and_Open_Source_Software⠀⇛


           This is free and open source software


  24. ⚓ AAEON_Leverages_MediaTek_Genio_SoCs_for_Latest_SMARC_Modules_uCOM-M700
      and_uCOM-M510⠀⇛


           Operating system support covers Yocto 4.0 (with Chromium
           browser integration for optimized HMI applications)


  25. ⚓ 3_Years_Since_We_Adopted_Gemini_Protocol [original]⠀⇛


           Our Gemini Editions aren't small, even if Gemini Protocol is
           still the 'underdog'


  26. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛


           Some of the latest articles


      =========================================================================
      The corresponding text-only bulletin for Friday contains all the text.
    * IRC_Proceedings:_Friday,_August_15,_2025
    * Links_16/08/2025:_Chatbots_Bad_for_Kids,_Software_Patents_Apple_Battle


⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⡖⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣹⣿⡝⠻⠿⠛⠇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⡌⢹⣿⠟⠁⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣤⣿⢟⣩⣤⣰⣖⢀⣴⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣞⢰⣬⡍⡌⢩⠟⠀⢼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣶⡿⣿⣷⡌⠀⢼⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣸⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠎⠿⠿⠀⠀⣀⠀⣠
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣯⣸⣌⢹⣿⣟⡀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠁⠼⠟⢀⡈⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠁
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠣⣶⣿⡿⣿⡿⠟⢿⠿⣯⣼⣿⡏⠁⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠖⠁⢀⣼⣿⣷
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣿⢶⣶⣶⣧⠼⠞⢉⣉⠉⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢠⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⠰⣶⣧⣴⣾⣿⡿⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣁⡤⣠⣾⠏⣠⡖⢈⢻⣿⣴⡆⠐⠏⠸⠋⠀⢰⠛⢻⣿⡟⢀⣌⣿⣿⢿⣿⣇⢀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣴⡿⠃⢰⣿⣷⣿⣼⣿⣽⠛⠀⠀⠠⠆⠀⢨⣿⣿⠿⣷⡿⢿⠗⠸⢾⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣟⣱⣿⣿⣷⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠦⠔⠁⠆⠀⠺⢿⣿⣏⣤⠆⠀⠀⠚⠛⠂⠻⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⠿⢿⣿⣷⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡘⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡟⢻⡯⣝⠅⢠⣜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠊⠉⠀⢀⣴⢶⣶⣦⣄⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡟⠀⠀⢺⣶⠿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣦⣍⠷⣠⣾⣿⣿⡗⢸⣿⣿⡀⠀⠃⠓⠈⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣾⣿⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡟⠁⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⣍⡀⠘⢿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⡇⠀⢿⣿⣁⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⠀⢠⣤⣿⣿⢏⠨⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣔⣸⣿⣿⣿⡙⣿⣽⡷⣌⢿⡛⠐⠲⣾⠿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⢺⠗⠉⠀⢀⣄⢀⣼⠁⠀⠛⠻⠟⠻⡿⠆⠈⢹⣿⣿⡏
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⠀⠐⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⠀⠀⢤⣄⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠈⡷⠠⠟⡁⠈⠿⠉⠁
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣀⣠⠀⢲⣻⣿⡿⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡿⣻⣥⣼⣶⣆⣸⣄⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣡⣽⣿⣟⠀⠈⠟⠀⣰⠇⣠⣤⠶⠀⠀⢨⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠻⠟⠉⠃⠀⠀⢠
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣂⣷⣿⣽⡋⠻⠿⠻⢿⣿⡷⠆⠈⠛⠁⠸⠉⠃⣀⡲⠀⣸⡿⣿⠁⠀⠠⣿⠿⠷⢦⠠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⢋⣭⣿⣟⣿⣿⣦⣼⠛⣾⣯⠛⠙⠓⠾⠀⢀⠂⠀⠀⠰⠤⣖⡓⠈⣿⣭⠿⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡹⣃⢀⣆⠀⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠂⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⢰⡶⣷⠆⣥⡄⡜⠋⠀⠀⠀⣘⣿⠧⠴⠋⠁⡀⠠⠀⠰⠾⠶⠀⠀⢠⡴⠛⣻⣶⡟
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣧⣼⣿⡞⠻⣅⡀⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣽⠃⠀⠀⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢾⣿⣿⠿⣿⠟⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢧⣶⣟⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⠁⣀⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠁⠀⢠⣤⡿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠸⠻⣿⣿⣿⡭⣹⢿⣅⠀⠚⠋⠅⠤⠂⠐⠷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⢏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡂⠰⢀⣙⣓⣸⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀
⠼⠟⠟⠻⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠙⣿⣷⣴⣾⣿⣿⣅⣿⡟⠋⠉⠁⠨⣶⡆⠀⠀⢠⣴⣷⡄⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣶
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⢾⠇⠓⣄⣹⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠉⡈⠹⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⢘⣿⢻⣧⣽⡤⠛⠿⠏⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠿⠿⢿⡆⢠⣾⢫⡤⠀⠉⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⣴⠊⠉⠹⢿⣾⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⠟⠁⢠⣄⣼⣧⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣷⣾⣿⠟⠛⣭⣥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠈⢻⡟⢣⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣧⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠛⠑⡀⠀⠂⠀⠿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣠⠲⠏⠰⠟⠈⠁⠈⠙⣛⣿⣿⣾⢿⠷⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣡⠿⣇⠙⠣⣤⣞⢍⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠻⠀⠙⠀⢀⣤⡄⠀⠘⠙⠉⠉⠅⠈⠛⢶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⠏⠀⠀⠠⢿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⡾⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠈⢃⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⡿⠛⢻⣦⣤⣀⣀⣼⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣬⣿⢶⢶⠦⣤⠽⢤⣴⣶⡦⣤⣰⠚⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠈⠉⠈⠁⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣦⣦⣼⡿⠛⠿⣿⣄⡀⠄⠀⠀⣀⣶⣤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠏⣉⣠⣾⠤⠈⠉⠙⠋⣀⡀⠀⣁⡡⠶⢄⢀⠀⠈⠑⠇⠀⠀⣂⣻⣿⣍⠕⣀⡏⠁⣤⣉⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⠿⢶⣾⣿⠛⠿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⠈⡿⠓⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠋⢉⡠⣧⠌⠥⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠉⠉⢷⠄
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡤⢯⣀⣀⡴⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⡴⠻⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⡦⠘
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⠀⣀⢀⣄⢀⣀⡀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠂⠀⢈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢌⠀⡀⠠⠄⠈⠁⢀⣰
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⠲⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣥⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⠿⢿⠂⠇⠀⠀⠈
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠂⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⢷⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠃⠐⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠚⠃⠐⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣄⡀⠀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣤⠀⠙⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⢀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⡠⢞⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠉⠋⡉⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠒⢀⠀⠀⠐⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢀⠤⠀⠆⠀⠻
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣠⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠁⠘⣿⢿⡟⠿⡿⠛⠛⠿⡿⣟⡋⠛⠿⠻⠿⠋⠛⣿⡟⠛⠋⠹⠿⠟⠁⠀⢤⡤⠀⡿⠀⢻⣥⣄⠀⠀⣼⢠⡐⣀⠔⠀⠀⠠⠤⢀⣦⡀⣤⢆⣿⣟⡵⢶
⣀⣰⣶⠿⢿⡏⣿⣿⠛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⣰⠉⣨⡄⠈⠀⠀⣀⠀⠠⠊⠣⠄⠐⠀⠀⠁⠀⠘⠃⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⣆⠀⢠⠂⠈⠿⠃⠀⠠⠻⣠⡏⠁⢿⣠⡀⠀⣤⣤⣟⠀⠙⢻⣯⣩⣿⣾
⡽⠟⠉⠾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠉⢻⠀⠈⢿⣿⡇⠀⠿⣯⠹⣧⣤⣿⣇⣠⣤⣿⠁⢈⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣀⣶⣀⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣷⡖⢰⣿⣷⣏⣠⣼⣿⣦⣿⣷⡗⣾⣿⡾⠏⣥⣼⣴⣀⣩⣤⣿⣿⣟⢷⡞
⠷⣄⣰⡄⢻⣻⣦⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣤⡤⠧⠀⢺⠿⣿⠦⠀⠲⠀⠀⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣉⣤⠸⠷
⠀⠈⠉⠁⠈⢛⠛⠀⠀⠈⢋⢀⠠⠄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠾⠙⠻⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣽⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢹⣿⠛⣻⡟⠛⢿⣯⣽⣿⠶
⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠐⠃⠀⠉⠭⠇⠠⣦⣮⣁⣙⣶⠀⢰⣶⡆⡄⢰⠈⣶⣿⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣩⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣟⠫⡉⠟⡶⠻⣟⣾⣿⡿⢇⠂⣠⣟⣴⣶
⠸⡿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠀⠀⢶⣤⣴⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⠀⣿⣿⡏⠃⠒⢠⡞⠀⡁⠀⠘⠿⠿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡁⣠⣧⢠⣰⢩⡍⢿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠿⢫⣿⣶⡄⠨⢿⣶⠃⠀⢀⣷⣿⠋⣀⠿⠁⠿⢈⡟⢉⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠈⣿⣿⠀⠀⣾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠉⡿⠃⠀⢿⣿⠻⣿⣧⢀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣀⢸⣴⡿⡄⠘⠋⢨⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣹⡏⠁⣄⡀⢠⣿⣸⠟⣍⣉⣇⢀⣠⣿⠹⣦⣼⣿⡿⢘⢴⣼⣿⣯⠀⡿⢃⣶⣝⢸⣿⠼⣷⣿
⠀⢰⣿⣿⣀⠀⠉⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⢘⣿⣿⠅⠀⠑⠀⣠⣼⣿⣤⣌⣿⣿⣿⠼⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⡟⠁⢸⣄⢿⢿⣍⠉⠀⠘⠿⢃⡇⣠⡁⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢯⣄⢹⣟⣷⣷⣿⡀⢹⣴⣿⠀⠀⠸⡃⣿⣿⡏⠀⣼⣼
⠀⠀⠙⢿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠠⣤⣠⣼⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣯⢲⣽⡿⢦⣹⡟⡄⠀⣘⢹⣶⢨⡞⡁⠔⠸⢃⠸⢠⣿⣿⡇⠀⣯⠿⣾⣿⢸⣿⣷⠚⣻⣿⠍⡫⣿⢣⣷⣾⣏⣉⣀⡄⢀⣷⣿⡿⠇⠘⢻⣿
⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⠀⠀⠛⠉⠙⢿⠁⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⡠⠜⠿⠿⣿⣀⣿⣿⠀⡁⠁⣿⣿⣾⠏⣦⢼⣠⡿⠸⢿⣟⣱⡀⠈⠘⠀⣿⡯⠗⣶⡿⢇⠀⢛⡴⢹⣷⢀⣵⡎⠀⢸⠸⡿⢯⣾⣂⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⣔⠃⢹⡿
⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠉⢙⣤⣤⣦⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠸⣃⣸⣿⠛⡀⠰⠟⣽⣿⡿⠃⡀⡠⢿⡿⣦⣿⡄⢸⠆⣿⡷⣶⣿⣿⣽⣷⠀⠈⣴⡧⣿⣭⣯⣴⣿⣿⣹⣿⢀⣸⡿⣼⠻⢿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⣰⠌⠛⠀⢠⠞⠀⠀⠈⠻⠇⢠⠄⠶⠉⠉⠀⠁⠐⣿⡃⠀⠠⢿⠀⠀⢀⠘⣧⣼⡇⡇⢰⡔⠀⠾⣶⣿⣿⣷⡲⣦⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣈⣲⣿⠟⢻⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⠁⡷⠇⢀⠹
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣿⣿⢶⡀⠙⡂⢶⣶⢸⠠⢀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡏⠀⢶⠳⢄⣤⣿⣄⠈⠋⠀⢠⣌⣲⣴⠿⠖⢿⣿⠇⢠⡈⣶⠁⠀⢿⣿⣿⡝⠿⣣⢇⠿⡸⢿⡟⢣⡿⣿⠙⣿⣤⣾⣿⣟⣿⣾⣿⣿⣼⡇⠀⠀⢀⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⠏⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⣛⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⡽⢛⣣⠄⠀⣠⠟⣼⣯⣽⡆⠘⠘⣷⣶⣾⠋⣭⣥⠀⡀⠁⢿⢿⠏⠉⣌⠐⠷⠀⠙⣿⡇⠂⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣿⢃⣬⣿⣇⢰⡟⣿⠆
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢳⡶⢻⣶⣦⠀⢠⡧⠀⠀⣾⣸⠐⢻⣄⠁⠀⠀⣧⡬⣥⠀⣸⣀⣿⣮⠛⢹⣹⡆⢻⣿⣦⡇⠀⠀⡒⣤⣴⣷⣴⣤⣷⣬⣿⡇⢺⢋⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣦
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⡀⠘⢈⣤⠄⠈⣇⠼⠀⢁⠀⠀⣼⣯⡤⠄⡄⢻⡇⠿⠀⢁⣿⣗⠱⣀⡈⢾⠂⠘⡟⢿⡃⢀⡄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣹⡿⠋⣠⡏⢹⣾⣿⣶⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠸⠛⠁⠀⣠⣷⠀⢠⣼⠆⠀⠸⡷⠐⠀⢷⡌⠇⢲⡗⠻⢭⣭⡍⠋⠉⢿⣁⡆⢸⣼⣷⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠛⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢃⡸⠛⢶⣿⣧⣀⣸⣸⡧⠀⢃⡀⠀⢰⣟⢁⠄⠸⠷⠐⣾⣿⠁⣤⣤⣼⣷⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⠐⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡞⠛⠃⣙⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⢀⠀⠄⢀⠀⣴⡵⡟⣧⠶⣿⣭⣿⣿⡕⢁⠀⠀⠈⢺⠁⣾⡿⠂⢠⣢⣀⣀⣿⣿⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣯⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡻⠿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣝⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣐⢾⡿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠸⠖⣿⠃⡼⠁⠀⠀⣾⡿⣿⡟⣀⣰⣿⡟⣼⣋⣿⢣⠀⡤⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣧⠉⠉⢩⣭⣿⣿⢁⡇⠀⠘⣻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠺⠻⡏⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 746

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Slopwatch_Google_News_LinuxSecurity_LinuxBSDos_com_and_Garbage_.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Slopwatch_Google_News_LinuxSecurity_LinuxBSDos_com_and_Garbage_.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Slopwatch: Google News, LinuxSecurity,
LinuxBSDos.com, and Garbage From Brian Fagioli⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█
⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


Today we have a number of new specimens of LLM slop, all accompanied or
cushioned by slop images, which over time became somewhat of a 'signature' of
fake articles (if one is too lazy to write actual text, then why would one then
bother to do graphics or properly select an image?).


Search for "linux" in Google News and an hour ago it'll look like this:


                   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇linux_-_Google_News⦈_


Not as bad as some_days_ago, but result #3 is this slop:


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_Linux_6.17_Without_BCachefs_Due_to_Community
                                 Controversy⦈_


LLM slop with a creepy slop of Torvalds.


LinuxSecurity, a slopfarm of a lousy 'security' outfit, is using SEO SPAM made
cheaply by LLMs:


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_What_Is_a_Use-After-Free_(UAF)_Vulnerability?⦈


Slop images there too.


We are sad to see that LinuxBSDos.com has just doubled down on slop. Only
yesterday I checked LinuxBSDos.com to see that only one time (so far) it
published slop. Hours passed and then it spewed out more slop.


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_5_simple_ways_automation_can_improve_your
                       business’s_financial_operations⦈_


This slopfarm_of_LinuxBSDos.com isn't even covering Linux, BSD, or DOS (or OS).
It's pure spam, pure junk. That's all the output in recent months.


Speaking of junk, check out the junkyard or the slopfarm of Serial Slopper (SS)
Brian Fagioli:


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_GNOME_49_Beta_lands_with_new_apps_Papers_and
                      Showtime_replacing_old_favorites⦈_


Fake article. The following rips_off_originals:


   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_LibreELEC_12.2_brings_improved_Intel_and
               Raspberry_Pi_support_but_drops_old_Nvidia_GPUs⦈_


More fake garbage from him:


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_Canonical_brings_certified_Ubuntu_Linux_to
            Qualcomm_Dragonwing_processors_for_edge_AI_innovation⦈_


So nowadays when people search the Web or when one researches some topic
(looking not just for news in Google News) one is increasingly likely to land
on a fake 'article' spewed out by some Microsoft LLM. █


    * Gemini_Links_16/08/2025:_Back_After_Hiatus_and_News_Aggregators_in
      Geminispace
    * The_Case_for_Software_Freedom_in_Europe_Becomes_Stronger_as_GAFAM_and_the
      US_Become_Allies_of_Those_Who_Invade_Europe


⣶⠶⢶⠶⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⢶⣶⣶⢶⡶⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣦⣿⣷⣦⣴⣧⣿⣾⣵⣴⣦⣶⣾⡶⡶⡦⡧⡼⣤⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢬⠠⠄⠍⢨⡥⣍⡡⡭⢍⣭⠅⣭⢉⣁⣌⢩⣭⣈⣽⣨⢩⠀⡩⣍⣬⡭⢍⠭⣩⡬⣌⡌⡭⣩⣭⣨⠬⡬⣭⢬⡡⣁⣬⣥⣍⠩⡍⣩⠁⡡⡭⣬⣭⣬⣬⣥⣬⣥⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣻⣉⣟⣹⣋⣭⣉⣏⣟⣯⣟⣛⢉⣹⣉⣟⣝⣹⣩⡹⣉⣟⣝⣹⣉⣟⣏⣉⣉⣍⣍⣉⣏⣋⣙⣩⢉⣽⣍⣹⣿⣍⣏⣏⣉⡹⣫⣍⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡔⠉⡉⡉⠚⣿⣯⣭⣝⣯⣭⣍⣟⣟⣍⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠃⠀⠁⠁⢠⣿⣿⣟⣻⣷⣿⣻⣾⣟⣿⣻⣳⣿⣟⣟⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣾⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠷⠛⠋⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠛⠻⣧⠀⢺⡿⠇⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠐⠛⠓⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠰⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⡀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⠰⠾⠖⠿⠀⠀⠀⣉⡿⠶⢰⠀⣀⡀⢰⠀⡧⢤⣃⡇⡇⢈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⢠⣤⠄⠀⠀⣀⠀⣁⣀⣀⠈⣀⣉⣁⣈⣀⣁⣈⣁⣁⣉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣶⣦⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠇⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠇⠛⠉⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⣬⡫⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣤⣾⣿⣗⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣶⣤⣤⠤⣰⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣀⣠⣾⠟⠋⠁⠐⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⠇⠀⣠⣶⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣙⣻⣆⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣧⣬⣷⣿⣤⣽⣼⣼⣧⣮⣿⣤⣿⣧⣼⣯⣧⣮⣼⣥⣤⣿⣧⣴⣿⣯⣧⣷⣬⣿⣿⣤⣿⣧⣿⣤⣼⣧⣤⣾⣧⣴⣿⣇⣾⣾⣥⣿⣦⣼⣧⣿⣵⣤⣼⣯⣢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⠯⣿⡿⡿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣻⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠻⣷⠀⢸⡿⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣴⣿⣷⡄⠘⣧⠀⢤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⣇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡀⠹⢿⣿⠇⢀⣿⣆⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣧⣿⢸⢻⡟⣿⣿⢸⣻⣿⡏⣿⣸⣸⠁⠀⠼⠳⠓⠻⠀⠈⢯⡏⠝⢳⢤⣀⡀⣴⢨⣿⣹⡿⣇⣿⡸⡇⣿⢸⣷⢹⡏⣿⢸⢹⢙⢿⢿⡏⢹⢸⡫⡇⡇⡿⣟⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⢤⣶⡦⠀⣵⣀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢐⡚⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡔⣤⣴⣰⣤⣠⣄⢆⢠⡀⡄⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠐⠫⠀⠀⠖⠀⠀⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠂⠐⠀⠐⠒⠀⠃⠀⠃⠛⡀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠀⠛⠃⠀⣋⠀⢑⣀⣁⣉⠉⠉⢈⠁⠂⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠈⣉⠈⠀⣉⢁⣾⡟⢛⠉⠛⣿⡇⠈⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣈⣉⣉⡁⠉⡀⠁⣹⣏⣁⣈⣀⣁⣸⣿⡀⠈⠀⡈⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⡄⣀⠀⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⠀⠁⠀⡁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠄⠄⠠⣼⣿⣿⣿⡄⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠀⠠⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⠀⠀⢀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠀⠀⠠⠈⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠤⠔⡀⠀⠄⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠂⡤⠀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡄⠀⡇⢐⡄⢸⡇⢠⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠶⠖⠋⠋⣤⣤⠤⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠒⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠆⢠⣶⣶⣦⠀⢲⡀⠠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⡏⣿⢙⣻⣿⡙⢙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣟⠛⢻⣟⡛⣛⣻⡿⠟⠛⠛⢓⠀⠘⡛⡟⣻⡆⠈⠻⣿⠿⠀⣘⡣⢀⡹⡿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣛⣟⡟⡿⣟⣛⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⡛⣛⣻⣻⣛⣟⢻⢿⣛⣛⣿⢛⣿
⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠰⠿⠒⠛⢧⠀⠹⡿⠿⠛⣦⣄⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡤⢤⣶⠄⢈⣆⢀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⣀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⡟⠿⣿⠿⠻⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⣿⠿⢻⠿⠿⢿⡿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡟⡿⠿⠿⢻⣿⠿⠿⠿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣵⣶⣿⣶⣶⡷⠒⠾⡿⡶⠾⠖⡶⡿⡷⢶⢶⠾⠷⠶⠶⠾⠾⢾⢾⣶⣿⣾⣶⣶⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣯⣻⣾⣼⣿⣾⣷⣏⣯⣿⣷⣭⣭⣿⣽⣵⣮⣭⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠄⠄⠄⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠘⡇⢸⡇⢡⡄⣤⠋⣤⡌⠇⠈⠏⠀⣿⠃⠸⣤⠀⣼⠀⠋⣤⡈⡇⠘⠇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠪
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣠⣄⣡⣘⣁⣼⣇⣿⣆⣙⣁⣆⣰⣀⣇⣃⣠⣄⣹⣀⣿⣀⣆⣙⣡⣇⣸⣄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣭⡭⢭⣭⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢰⣿⡏⠀⢀⣙⣿⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡷⢤⠀⠙⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠤⠤⠠⠤⠤⠤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⢰⠐⠄⢂⠂⡀⢴⢰⠐⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠙⠻⣿⣿⣧⡙⠷⣄⣠⠾⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣿⣻⣛⣛⣻
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠦⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡥⠭⢽⢿⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠓⡲⣾⠚⣳
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠉⠋⠀⠙⠙⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣋⣽⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⣼⣿⣷⠀⢙⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⠶⡶⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡈⠉⢁⠀⣻⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⢻⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⡻⣿⣿⡿⣫⣝⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠸⢀⡠⠖⠋⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡿⢮⣽⣾⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⢛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠐⠤⡀⠀⣿⣿⡟⠛⠈⠁⠈⠉⠻⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡀⠀⠀⢀⣨⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢤⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣖
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⢸⣿⠛⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠱⠈⢁⣤⡀⠨⠿⣿⣽⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣭⣭⠭⢽⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⠻⣦⣿⣦⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠾⠶⢿⢾⣾
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⡄⢬⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣉⣹⣩⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⢳⣝⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⠧⣼⠾⢶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣧⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣒⣲⣟⣿⣾
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣭⣿⣿⣧⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣭⣍⣩⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣯⣭⣯
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣷⠶⠶⣶⣾⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⢻⡏⠤⠈⣿⡃⠠⢹⣿⠡⠄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠤⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⠀⠄⠀⠠
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠄⠤⠤⢤⣤⣤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⣙⣛⣏⣹
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡿⠿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⡿⣿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⡿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠤⢤⢯⣽⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣾⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⢿⠿⠿⡷⠿⠷⡿⠿⣿⢻⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠷⢿⠿⣿⢿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⢾⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⢖⠓⡚⣷⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⢿⡿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠛⠻⣧⠀⢺⠿⠃⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣩⣰⣁⣜⣃⣇⣀⣸⣘⣻⣇⣘⣊⣸⣇⣃⣇⣈⣐⣂⣸⣇⣂⣀⢆⣇⣂⣃⡸⠀⣀⣸⣆⡀⠀⣇⠀⢀⣀⣎⣌⣼⣇⣸⢐⡀⣂⣇⣘⣇⣥⣇⣸⢐⣨⣀⣇⣆⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠟⡿⢛⡟⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⡆⠈⢿⠿⡿⠷⠀⠹⢿⡿⠇⠀⠟⣄⠈⠿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⢿⢻⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣧⣮⣥⣿⣥⣦⣧⣮⣵⣤⣤⣧⣧⣼⣼⣤⣤⠁⠐⠤⠄⠀⢧⡄⠐⣭⠧⠜⢰⣀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣥⣿⣿⣥⣼⣤⣧⣵⣼⣼⣬⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⢤⣴⡄⠀⣷⡀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡟⢻⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠈⠿⠏⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡶⠿⠷⠆⢰⣶⡄⠀⢰⡆⠀⣴⡶⠿⣶⣄⠀⢰⣶⡀⠀⣶⣶⠀⢰⡶⠶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠁⢠⣤⣄⢸⣿⢿⣆⢸⡇⢸⣿⠀⠀⠸⣿⠀⣾⣿⣧⢰⡟⣿⠀⢸⣯⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣄⣈⣹⣿⢸⣿⠀⠻⣿⡇⠸⣿⣄⢀⣸⡿⠀⣿⠁⢿⣿⠁⣿⡆⢸⣟⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠛⠉⠘⠛⠀⠀⠙⠃⠀⠈⠛⠛⠋⠀⠘⠛⠀⠘⠃⠀⠛⠃⠘⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⡇⠀⣶⠛⠻⣦⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⠛⣷⡀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⣰⣆⣀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠋⣿⡇⠀⢿⣄⣠⣿⠇⠀⠀⣿⡷⠶⣿⡀⣰⣏⣉⣿⡌⢹⡏⠉⠀⣋⣉⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠶⣿⡷⠀⢀⣀⣠⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⣀⣼⠇⢻⣏⣉⣉⠁⢸⣇⣀⢸⣏⣉⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠋⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⢿⡇⢏⣯⡯⢽⠨⠅⠿⡧⢽⡰⢾⣷⢸⠖⢾⡷⠣⣿⠸⣹⣽⠉⡏⡏⠏⡽⣹⡏⠹⠙⠉⠋⠏⣇⠀⠜⠹⠀⠈⠇⣿⠈⡏⡇⡏⢿⢸⡏⠏⢹⢹⢹⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⢿⡿⡏⠀⣶⢷⣦⠀⢹⡄⠀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣻⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣼⣹⣴⣫⢸⣸⣘⣤⣳⣷⣇⡷⢡⣿⣸⣾⣼⣞⣽⣹⠇⠃⠃⢫⡄⠈⣾⣸⣇⣇⠀⠃⣜⡿⠀⢀⣧⣀⡀⣣⣞⣽⣇⣫⣸⣺⣼⣿⣄⣧⣹⣸⣸⣄⣏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠟⣿⢻⢻⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠰⠿⠶⠿⢷⡀⠸⣿⠿⠟⢷⣄⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣵⣿⣿⣮⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣶⠄⢀⣧⢀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢟⢿⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣷⡄⣴⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⡿⢋⣤⣌⠻⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⢠⣤⠀⠀⢰⠄⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⡄⢀⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠿⠁⢀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⠋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⡌⠛⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⠞⢷⡆⣿⡞⠃⣶⢛⣷⠀⣿⣤⡄⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⠀⣿⠁⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⠀⢸⡟⠁⠀⣴⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣷⣌⠻⣿⡿⢋⣴⣿⡦⠀⠀⢸⣿⣤⣤⢸⡇⣿⣤⡾⠃⣿⡇⠀⢿⣭⣥⠀⣿⣤⣤⢸⣿⣤⡄⣿⣧⣤⡄⠻⣦⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠀⠈⢀⣴⣄⠈⠻⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣷⠄⢴⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠻⣧⠀⢸⡿⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡱⢾⠉⠉⡍⡏⢝⢩⠉⡏⢭⠉⠁⣿⠨⢹⣽⠉⡍⡯⢽⠉⣿⠩⢝⠉⡏⡅⠁⡄⡎⠀⠀⠀⣆⠀⢠⠠⢈⠏⡏⡍⠨⠹⢹⡇⠿⠉⡍⡏⠏⢝⢽⡭⡫⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠓⠚⠻⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠹⣿⣿⠇⢀⣿⣄⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣁⣟⣸⣀⣇⣔⣺⣐⣅⣇⣸⣰⣀⣿⣘⣣⠀⠀⠠⠂⠆⠢⡀⠀⣱⡹⠘⢂⡄⢀⣀⢀⣄⣧⣣⣜⣺⣐⣗⣸⣊⣇⣣⣸⣎⣸⣇⣇⣢⣸⣿⣐⣇⣂⡜⢸⣐⣿⣡⣜⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢽⢟⠟⡿⢿⢿⠿⣿⡻⢻⠹⡿⡿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⣱⠀⣀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣦⣧⣾⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣴⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣟⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣿⠿⣿⡟⡛⣿⠛⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣁⣤⣤⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⡀⢀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⣤⣤⣈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⡿⠋⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢯⣀⣧⣼⣀⠇⠀⠀⠀⡄⠙⢿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠋⣠⣾⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢫⣟⡿⠿⣛⠂⠀⠀⢠⣿⣦⡈⢻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⣾⣿⣿⢁⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣿⢀⣀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣆⣀⡀⣀⠀⠀⣀⢠⠟⣭⡜⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⢿⡇⣾⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠈⢻⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⠉⠉⢳⡄⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⠉⠙⣷⠀⡏⠉⠁⣿⠀⠀⣿⠈⠷⣭⡵⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣄⠀⣿⠀⣿⠀⢀⣼⠃⢿⡀⠀⣿⠀⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⣇⠀⡀⢿⡀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣄⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢁⣼⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠉⠉⠋⠉⠁⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1049

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Slopwatch_WebProNews_and_Google_News_Promoting_Fake_Articles_Ab.shtml
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/Slopwatch_WebProNews_and_Google_News_Promoting_Fake_Articles_Ab.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Slopwatch: WebProNews and Google News
Promoting Fake Articles About "Linux"⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


Today's "Slopwatch" is based on what Google News is presenting this past hour
as news about "Linux". It got severely_bad.


Two picks from the WebProNews slopfarm are targeting "OpenBSD" and "Linux":


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_OpenBSD_vs_Linux:_Analyzing_the_10x_Speed
                             Claim_in_Benchmarks⦈_


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_Proton_VPN_Adds_Split_Tunneling_to_Linux_App
                             for_Better_Control⦈_


Suffice to say, the images and text above are fake. Can nobody at Google see
this, detect the issue, and act accordingly? Apparently not. Or maybe they just
simply don't care.


They've also just propelled another slopfarm, this one presenting an issue with
Windows/DLL files as "Linux":


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_Cobalt_Strike_for_everyone_with_CrossC2!_We’re
                paying_attention_to_Linux_servers_without_EDR⦈_


It's the same in this slopfarm, also promoted by Google News:


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_CrossC2_Enables_Cobalt_Strike_to_Go_Multi-
              Platform_–_Linux_and_macOS_Now_in_the_Crosshairs⦈_


The above is fake; and its sister site (slopfarm):


   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_Threat_Actors_Leverage_CrossC2_to_Extend
                      Cobalt_Strike_to_Linux_and_macOS⦈_


Same network of slopfarms having a go at "Linux":


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_New_FireWood_Malware_Attacking_Linux_Systems
              to_Execute_Commands_and_Exfiltrate_Sensitive_Data⦈_


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slop_or_fake:_FireWood_Malware_Emerges_–_New_Linux_Threat
                  Executes_Remote_Commands_and_Steals_Data⦈_


Like_the_third_slopfarm_of_this_network, it's just repetition and permutation
with slop images.


Google News is being flooded by these slopfarms, so when Linux news is being
sought online (via Google News) many people will read bots that spew out FUD.
They'll miss the actual news. █


    * Original_European_Patent_Convention_(EPC,_1973),_Routinely_Violated_by
      the_European_Patent_Office,_Now_in_Geminispace
    * IRC_Proceedings:_Friday,_August_15,_2025


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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠹⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡄⠘⣿⣿⡿⠀⣼⣇⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠶⠶⠶⢿⡆⠈⢿⣿⡿⢿⣤⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⢹⡄⠈⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠉⣁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣻⢛⡟⢻⡛⡏⢽⡫⠏⡝⣿⠛⡟⣿⣿⡟⡟⢻⠛⡟⣻⣿⣏⢻⠛⡟⠏⡟⢛⢛⢹⡛⣟⢻⡟⡏⢻⠛⣿⡟⡟⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣴⣷⣾⣷⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣧⣾⡾⣾⣷⣷⣼⣷⣷⣾⣶⣿⣷⣷⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣪⣸⣏⣽⣍⣯⣹⣸⣽⣺⣘⣿⣹⣏⣿⣏⣿⣹⣇⣕⣹⣍⣏⣹⣇⣹⣉⣏⣻⣉⣇⣹⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣺⣶⣤⣤⣄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣛⣻⣿⣿⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠙⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⡢⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣙⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡈⠀⢥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣇⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢠⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⡁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⢹⡟⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣶⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠻⠹⢩⢻⢝⢉⢿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣧⣿⣼⣿⣸⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⣿⡄⠰⣿⠟⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⠖⠲⠖⠖⠶⠖⠶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣾⣷⣆⠈⣷⡀⢠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠻⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡄⠘⢿⣿⡿⠀⣼⣧⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⡏⠀⠶⠶⠶⠿⣆⠈⢿⣿⠿⢿⣤⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⢹⡄⢈⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡀⢉⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢐⣪⢩⢫⢩⢸⠭⡏⡍⣿⡸⣸⢐⣼⢘⢸⡿⣀⠏⡅⡫⢸⠉⣿⡧⠺⢩⢹⡇⡇⣿⡆⣶⠹⠉⡍⣯⢹⢉⡃⡇⢩⢹⠩⣿⡅⡫⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣿⣇⣆⣜⣸⣀⣿⣣⣞⢐⣸⢐⣿⣆⣗⣺⣰⣿⣸⣨⣀⣇⣇⣇⣬⣰⣿⣸⣻⣒⣇⣆⣔⣰⣕⣸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣷⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡋⠉⡻⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠊⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⡷⠗⣶⣷⡾⢾⢺⡴⠷⠶⠟⡟⠿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⠿⢿⡟⡻⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠻⡇⠀⠲⠿⠇⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡛⣿⠛⡛⢛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣵⣭⣽⣭⣶⣯⣭⣬⣯⣵⣭⣮⣽⣥⣯⣵⣯⢯⣽⣬⣼⡟⠀⣴⣦⣦⡄⠘⣇⠀⢠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣵⣿⣬⣥⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⡅⠀⢿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠹⣿⣿⠇⢀⣿⣄⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⣤⡄⠀⡀⠀⠀⢠⢠⠤⠄⣤⡀⡄⢤⠤⢠⠤⡄⡄⡤⠤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⣀⣠⢰⠆⠀⢆⡠⢸⣉⡁⡆⠲⡆⠰⠀⢰⠒⡆⡆⠦⡀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠛⠛⠈⠠⠲⠒⠒⠀⠂⠂⠤⠒⠀⠂⠐⠴⠐⠂⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⠀⡾⠛⡆⠀⠀⡟⠛⠻⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣍⠡⣿⡄⠃⢀⣠⣤⣤⣃⠀⠀⡟⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⢿⣻⡾⣻⡾⠅⠺⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢿⣫⠆⠀⢠⣈⠋⢁⣠⣤⢸⢠⠀⠰⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⡀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⠎⢀⡞⢟⣟⣻⣿⣛⣫⡭⢟⣿⡀⠀⠀⢂⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠂⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⢣⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⣁⣴⣿⣷⡄⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣶⣖⣴⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡌⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠃⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠚⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡗⡤⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⠿⣿⡿⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣛⡭⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣓⢤⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠳⣿⣿⠝⠂⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣐⣚⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣯⣁⣝⣽⣍⣏⣞⣉⣅⣈⣩⣿⣌⣉⣽⣩⣉⣫⣯⣝⣫⣋⣉⣽⣝⣫⣍⣨⣿⣹⣯⣩⣯⣫⣉⣞⣫⣽⣟⣌⣩⣿⣍⣽⣯⣉⣩⣫⣯⡉⢹⣯⣏⣹⣽⣍⣩⣯⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⣿⡏⢛⡿⠛⢻⣻⣿⡛⡻⣿⡛⣻⣿⠟⡛⠉⣿⠛⠻⣿⡏⣹⠭⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣛⢛⣿⣿⣿⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⣛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢀⣿⣿⣆⢠⡗⡀⢀⣥⠈⠋⠴⠀⡅⢀⣥⣿⡟⠠⠟⠀⠀⠈⠀⠡⠆⢘⠁⢆⡌⠠⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡈⠛⢃⣿⢀⣼⣃⠘⣃⣴⡀⢛⣛⣃⠘⠛⠛⠃⢘⡀⠀⡀⠃⠀⠘⣛⡋⠓⣀⡉⢂⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣶⣶⣆⠀⢣⠀⠀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⠝⠛⠃⢤⠀⠨⣿⣿⣌⡄⠈⢤⣿⠟⠀⢨⣄⢀⣩⣽⣿⣧⣭⣭⣭⣥⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢤⣔⢒⠒⠲⠒⠠⢤⢄⣦⢀⢒⠒⡒⢐⠂⡖⠒⢲⡆⡤⢒⠂⡒⢒⠂⡀⠀⠀⠂⠐⠠⠀⠀⢰⡀⠒⠒⠀⡀⢀⣠⠀⠀⢲⠂⡀⢰⢦⢀⡀⢒⠂⡂⡐⠒⢒⡒⡒⡶⠶⡆⣦⠐⣲⠲⡒⢲⡖⢲⢒⠒⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⠶⠿⠷⡶⠞⣒⡗⢚⣶⠻⡶⠾⠾⠶⡖⡶⢷⡖⠞⢿⠶⣶⣓⡾⠶⢶⠷⠤⠠⠤⠤⠀⠀⠄⠀⣀⣠⣴⣷⣶⣶⣿⣾⣷⣷⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣧⣷⣤⣧⣴⣤⣧⣴⣿⣷⣧⣴⣴⣼⣧⣿⣼⣧⣤⣼⣤⣿⣦⣧⣧⣼⣴⣄⡀⠀⣀⣠⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠝⡟⡛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⡛⣛⡛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣛⣛⣋⣛⣏⣛⣻⣙⣛⣙⣉⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠉⠉⠉⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠉⠉⠁⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠻⢿⣿⣇⠁⢀⣸⣿⡿⠛⠛⠿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⡏⢀⠀⠐⠀⡈⢿⣿⣿⡏⡹⠛⠛⢛⠋⡟⡹⡋⠙⠋⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠀⠀⠀⠓⠀⢹⣿⠉⠉⣿⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢸⣿⣁⣉⣹⠇⢠⠀⢠⠀⢿⣟⠐⠚⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣶⣶⡆⣀⣀⣀⠀⠅⢨⢈⡁⡅⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣬⣤⣤⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⣤⣤⣼⠀⢸⠀⠸⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣄⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣧⠙⠀⠀⠀⢁⣾⣿⣿⡟⡛⡛⠛⠛⠛⢛⢛⠛⠟⠛⠛⡟⢛⠛⠛⡛⠛⡟⠻⠟⠛⣻⢟⢻
⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠤⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣙⣉⣉⣩⣉⣩⣉⣉⣋⣹⣍⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣦⠠⢤⠄⢤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⠢⠒⠒⠒⠒⠘⢛⣿⣿⣿⣧⠤⠤⠠⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣭⣉⣩⣿⣉⣉⣉⣏⣋⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡉⠀⠈⠁⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⢰⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣻⣩⣙⡋⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣩⣽⣉⣋⣋⣉⣻
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣼⣤⣄⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣄⣶⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣤⣤⣿⣥⣬⣤⣤⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡬⣬⣧⣥⢭⢬⢭⣭⣭⢭⣽⡤⣭⣬⣥⣬⣭⣭⣥⣧⣬⣭⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠶⠶⠶⢾⠶⠶⠶⠦⣾⡾⠶⠶⡶⡶⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠒⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢟⡛⣿⣿⣟⣛⡛⣟⡛⣿⣿⡿⣛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠙⢻⣿⣛⣛⣻⢛⡛⣻⢟⣻⣿⡿⣛⢟⡛⡛⡛⡻⣛⣻⣿⣿⣛⣻⣛⡛⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠻⣧⠀⢺⠿⠃⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣩⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⣴⣿⣷⡀⠸⡆⠀⢤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠀⡤⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠉⠻⡄⠀⢿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠹⢿⠿⠃⢀⣿⣄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⠁⠐⠚⠒⠛⠳⡀⠈⣿⠿⠛⢳⣤⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢷⡤⠤⣶⠄⠀⣧⢀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣠⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⢦⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠈⠉⠁⡄⠀⠉⠉⠙⢙⠛⢹⠹⠛⢻⡿⡟⢿⠿⡿⢿⡛⢿⡟⣿⡛⢛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠟⠙⢿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣨⣑⠈⡇⡇⠀⡇⠀⢸⡇⢻⠀⢷⣎⠃⠸⣿⣞⣇⠁⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⢿⡆⠀⠈⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢞⠄⢻⢸⠀⣿⠀⠀⣷⠸⡇⠘⣿⡀⠘⠻⣿⡎⡎⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢊⠀⢸⢸⠀⣽⠀⠀⣿⠀⡷⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠘⣿⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠹⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠸⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⡀⡇⠀⣿⠇⠀⢄⠀⢹⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠂⠀⠛⣂⠀⠈⠀⠀⠓⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠈⠻⣿⡟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣷⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣟⣤⣤⣶⣿⣦⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠙⠛⠿⢿⣧⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⢻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⡻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢩⢙⠻⢛⠟⠻⢛⠛⢙⣿⢋⢿⢛⡏⠹⣛⠟⣻⠛⣿⢹⠟⠻⠻⢻⠛⠛⢛⢛⢻⢛⠻⠛⢿⢋⣝⡟⡛⡛⠟⢻⠛⡛⣩⣻⡍⣻⢙⢟⡻⡏⠭⡻⣛⢙⠛⠛⢛⠻⣛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣒⣸⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠦⠝⠍⡃⠍⡋⠍⡇⡅⣿⢐⢩⢸⢩⢸⠈⡝⠉⣻⢨⠫⢙⡇⣿⠈⣩⠋⠿⠩⠫⣟⠩⢹⢩⠙⠩⢸⡏⡍⡍⡏⠍⡏⠽⠡⠎⡇⡊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠤⠖⠤⠄⠲⠴⠔⠄⠀⠴⠦⠰⠦⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣊⣚⣀⣀⣛⣂⣐⣛⣀⣀⣒⣃⣂⣛⣛⣚⣈⣀⣀⠀⠀⠉⢂⠀⠐⣒⣘⣓⡀⠀⢓⣓⡀⠀⣀⣀⢀⣛⣓⣐⣒⣐⣊⣂⣀⣀⣃⣘⣒⣈⣃⣀⣐⣚⣀⣈⣒⣐⣀⣀⣀⣚⣀⣃⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠴⠶⠶⠿⣇⠀⢻⣿⡿⠿⣤⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⢸⡄⠈⣁⣠⠐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡁⠈⣁⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⢸⣟⡟⡹⣿⣗⣺⠋⡝⣝⡼⡼⡜⡝⣿⢻⢻⣿⣧⢏⢸⡝⡇⡹⠋⣯⢻⣻⢛⣿⠏⢹⢹⢹⢯⠛⣝⠘⡕⡟⣽⢫⢹⡇⣿⢸⡏⡟⢿⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⡾⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣚⣱⢱⣎⣰⣫⣁⣰⣸⣰⣁⣿⣸⣐⣽⣗⣻⣀⣇⣸⣐⣇⣻⣘⣈⣾⣇⣻⣕⣸⣰⣆⣇⣶⣸⣀⣇⣾⣘⣐⣱⣿⣀⣇⣾⣘⣸⣇⣛⣢⣇⣇⣇⣜⣰⣘⣸⣫⣁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡟⡯⣿⠿⡿⣿⢩⢻⡿⡟⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣷⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠂⠀⠒⠐⠂⠐⠒⠂⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡺⢯⡿⠞⠤⠀⠸⠃⠀⠠⠀⠀⠙⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢾⢿⣿⢾⡿⣶⢾⢷⣾⣷⣾⣷⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠐⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣻⣻⣻⣟⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢽⣽⣭⣯⢽⣿⣿⢿⢽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣷⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣤⡄⠽⢿⠿⠇⠸⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣷⠀⣤⠈⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢿⡆⠙⣱⠀⣾⠀⠀⣈⣁⡌⢰⣶⣿⡇⢠⡥⠔⠁⠀⠀⠈⣁⢄⡈⢲⣄⠑⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣥⡜⢃⣼⣷⣤⣥⣾⣦⣤⣴⣤⡼⠟⠋⠀⠨⣧⠀⢠⡿⠂⠀⣴⣤⣥⣦⣬⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠀⠴⣾⣶⠄⠘⠆⠀⠤⣴⣾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⡄⠀⢿⢿⢿⣷⠀⠹⡿⡿⠃⠀⣿⣀⣈⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣧⢾⣧⣦⣴⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⢿⣬⣤⣤⣼⣵⢤⡤⢴⢤⣿⣤⡧⣴⣤⠀⠀⠀⠤⠦⢼⡀⠘⣤⡤⠔⢠⣄⣀⣀⣤⣼⣥⣤⣿⣧⣧⣾⣴⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣧⣤⣴⣤⣬⣦⣤⣤⣼⣷⣼⣤⣴⣤⣧⣴⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣇⣛⣐⣥⣠⣇⣰⣁⣺⣠⣗⣈⣸⣇⣂⣰⣗⣸⣇⣹⣘⣈⣐⣀⣀⣿⣀⣀⢀⣀⡀⠀⣧⠀⢀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡿⢿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⠀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡷⠾⠿⡿⢶⠾⠿⣷⢶⠶⠿⢶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠛⠟⢟⠻⣛⣻⠻⢛⡻⡛⠻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣭⡻⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢛⠟⠿⠟⠻⠿⡟⠟⡟⠟⠿⡟⢛⠿⠻⠿⠿⣻⡟⠻⠿⡿⠻⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⡿⣿⢟⣼⣿⡻⡼⢯⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣉⣋⣉⣉⣽⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣍⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣻⣟⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣻⣟⢵⢿⡯⣳⣛⣶⣻⡈⢐⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣍⣉⣉⣹⣋⣍⣩⣏⣋⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⣁⣭⡺⣯⡿⣭⣭⣻⣩⣟⡭⣭⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣫⣭⣽⣧⣽⣠⣭⡽⢧⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠫⣾⢲⣼⣮⢻⣿⣵⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣾⢿⡽⣿⣯⡾⣶⠛⣷⢂⠔⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⡉⢉⡉⣹⢍⣏⠍⡉⡉⢉⡉⢟⣉⡉⢉⡽⣻⣋⣉⣉⣙⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢏⡷⣿⢏⢾⣟⣷⣿⢮⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣽⣿⢾⣿⡷⣽⣯⣾⣿⣧⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⣴⣦⡽⠿⢟⣞⢿⡽⠶⢟⣾⡶⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⠿⠿⣳⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣛⣛⣽⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⠿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢎⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⣯⡿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠲⠒⠚⢲⢒⡓⠒⠒⠖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠖⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1333

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

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    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2025/08/16/The_Case_for_Software_Freedom_in_Europe_Becomes_Stronger_as_GAF.gmi

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ The Case for Software Freedom in Europe
Becomes Stronger as GAFAM and the US Become Allies of Those Who Invade
Europe⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


January: Microsoft-Sponsored_Inauguration_as_a_Reminder_to_Boycott_Microsoft


Days ago: If_Free/Libre_Software_is_Adding_Trillions_in_Value_to_the_European
Economy,_Then_the_European_Commission_Must_Crush_Software_Patents | As_Europe
Gets_Increasingly_Serious_About_Software_Freedom_and_Digital_Sovereignty_It
Needs_to_Enforce_a_Ban_on_Software_Patents_ASAP


A topic we covered here this past week was the value of Free software. We
included European studies on the topic. Someone who probably read what we had
posted shared "Harvard_Business_School_on_the_Value_of_Open_Source_Software"
and said: "The working paper is especially interesting when considered in the
context of similar, earlier works such as Ghosh et al in Study on the effect on
the development of the information society of European public bodies making
their own software available as open source [PDF] published by the European
Commission back in 2007. One would think that both sides of the pond would be
very interested in this valuable commons and work to not just protect it but
cultivate it further, rather than work to saw the legs from under it by
advancing software patents instead."


Microsoft is now shamelessly bribing European politicians [1, 2] and the
largest patent office in Europe routinely breaks the law, as noted earlier
today, yesterday, and two_days_ago. They work directly for Microsoft!


Also recall what we wrote yesterday: The_Relations_Between_the_United_States
and_Europe_Deteriorate,_Should_Europe_Continue_to_Rely_on_American_Tech_Giants?


Hours later this_happened:


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Kremlin_video_shows_Trump_and_Putin_shake_hands_as_summit
                                  concludes⦈_


And hours earlier the Microsoft-controlled The Register MS (Microsoft) argued
that Britain needs Microsoft [1, 2]. So Microsoft controls the media, too. █


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Amid_US_sanctions:_Chinese_President_Xi_Jinping_met_with
                                 Bill_Gates⦈_


  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Microsoft_contributes_$1_million_to_Trump's_inauguration
                                    fund⦈_


    * Slopwatch:_Google_News,_LinuxSecurity,_LinuxBSDos.com,_and_Garbage_From
      Brian_Fagioli
    * Don't_Talk_to_Bullies


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⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⢤⣦⣷⣄⣴⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠛⠛⠋⠒⠛⠃⠛⠚⠛⠁⠉⠋⠛⠘⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⡇⣠⣭⣻⣷⣽⡄⠀⠸⠛⡛⣏⠃⠀⠀⢿⣿⠀⠀⠷⡶⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣿⡇⠉⠩⠰⠖⠶⠰⠂⠦⠶⠄⠢⠶⠰⠶⠄⠶⠄⠐⠴⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡎⡁⠀⠀⡇⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⠛⠑⠃⠛⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⣦⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣆⠠⠀⠀⣀⣈⣿⣿⡿⠀⢀⡴⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⢤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠓⢀⣐⣿⣿⣍⣉⣠⠔⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣶⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣒⣒⣲⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣻⣿⣟⣁⣀⣀⣠⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣙⣋⣁⣠⣀⣿⣿⣿⣶⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠃⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣙⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢺⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⢼⣿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⢻
⣿⣿⣿⣷⠴⠀⣿⣟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡟⢋⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡛⢛⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿
⣿⢿⣿⣧⣀⣰⣻⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠉⠃⠀⠈⣿⣩⣿⢻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⢿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⠛⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣤⡈⢻
⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠉⠁⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⣨⠉⢛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⡇⠹
⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣯⣼⣿⣭⣭⣼⣿⣦⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣾⣯⣀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢰⣷
⡿⠙⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠛⠯⠑⠀⠀⠀⠈⠟⠙⠻⠎⠹⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿
⣤⣀⢀⣀⣀⡈⣛⣿⡟⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠓⠦⢤⣌⠁⠸⣏⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢀⠀⠀⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠓⠀⢰⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠤⠶⣶⡦⠀⠂⢳⡜⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣴⣾⡅⢤⣀⠀⢻⡌⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢾⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣠⣴⣿⣥⢼⣷⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⣷⢮⣭⣙⡛⠷⢾⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣃⣉⣉⣉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣘⣋⣉⣻⣣⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣧
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⡌⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢾⣿⡿⠿⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢱⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡿⠋
⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠸⠿⠘⣿⡇⣾⣿⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢰⣿⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣶⣭⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⠿⠇⠘⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⣿⣿⣧⣹⣇⣿⣿⣀⣿⣿⣸⣿⣸⣿⣌⣛⣫⣸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣛⣛⣫⣾⣟⣛⣛⣣⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐
⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡟⠿⢿⡷⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡺⢷⣾⣿⠾⠷⢸⣿⢠⣾⣶⢹⡟⣰⣷⣾⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⢃⣾⣷⡘⣿⢠⣾⣷⢸⣯⡺⢷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠶⠤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠷⣸⣇⠿⢟⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣧⡹⠿⢿⣇⠻⢿⡇⣿⣆⠿⠿⣡⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⠿⠷⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣇⣾⠃⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⠀⣿⣇⣿⠀⣿⢻⣧⢸⡇⢸⣿⢸⡇⣼⡟⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣀⣿⡇⢸⡟⠛⢸⣿⠛⠃⠛⣿⠛⢸⡟⢿⠄⠀⢸⡟⢻⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡇⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⠀⣿⢿⣿⠀⣿⣼⠟⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡧⣶⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡷⠶⢸⣿⠶⠀⠀⣿⠀⠘⢿⣦⠀⠀⢸⡷⢾⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡟⣿⡀⣿⠀⠀⢀⣿⡇⣿⠆⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⠀⠀⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⡇⢿⣇⣿⠁⠀⢸⡟⣿⢹⡇⢸⣧⣀⢸⣿⣀⡀⠀⣿⠀⢰⣆⣿⠇⠀⢸⣧⣼⡇⣿⡇⣿⣧⣄⣹⣧⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠉⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠀⠉⠀⢉⠀⠉⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠁⠈⠁⠈⢉⡁⠀⠀⠈⢁⠉⢈⠁⢈⠉⠉⠈⠉⣉⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠉⣁⡀⠀⢈⡉⠉⢀⡈⠁⠉⡉⠉⠈⢉⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡟⢻⡆⢠⣿⡇⠙⣿⡟⠃⣿⠛⠃⣾⡛⣿⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣧⢸⡇⠀⢰⣿⢻⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣇⣿⠀⢸⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡟⣿⠀⣼⣿⡀⢸⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⢰⣿⠻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣶⡆⢸⡿⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⠶⠀⠘⢷⣄⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⡷⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⢹⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⢀⠀⣿⢻⡇⢸⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠻⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⣸⡇⣾⠟⣿⡄⣿⡇⠀⣿⣀⡀⢶⣄⣿⠀⠀⢹⡇⣿⡏⣿⡇⠀⠸⣿⣸⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⠸⣿⢀⣿⠛⣿⢀⣄⠀⠀⢿⣧⣿⢸⡟⢻⣷⢸⣧⣤⢸⣯⣤⡰⣷⣼⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠈⠁⢀⠉⠉⡁⠈⠉⢁⠀⢀⡈⠁⢈⡀⢈⡀⠀⠀⢈⣉⠀⠈⡁⠈⠀⣈⣀⠉⠀⠉⢀⣁⡀⢉⣀⡏⠀⣀⠀⣉⣁⡈⢁⡀⢁⡈⢉⣉⡀⠉⣉⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⠀⣿⠀⣿⡇⣼⣿⠀⠀⢸⠃⣼⣿⡀⢸⣿⣸⡇⠀⠀⣿⠙⣷⢸⡇⠀⢈⣿⢹⣷⠀⠀⣿⡏⠉⢸⡏⣻⡆⣿⠀⣿⠉⠁⢸⣿⣸⡇⢺⡏⣿⡄⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡷⣿⠀⣿⠀⣿⣷⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢻⡇⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⢸⣇⠀⠰⣿⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⡿⠆⢸⡿⣿⡀⣿⠀⣿⠿⠂⢸⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⡟⣿⠀⠀⠀⢰⡟⢻⣧⢸⡇⢿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣤⡿⢸⣿⣤⡨⣿⣼⡿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⡇⢸⡇⣿⠀⣿⣤⡄⢸⡇⢿⡇⢸⣧⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢠⠀⠀⢠⠒⢰⢴⠰⢶⠔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠄⣠⡀⠀⠠
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢿⢿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡈⡄⡇⡏⠤⡇⣽⠡⢈⠅⢺⠡⠌⡄⡄⠸⣿⠡⢼⠡⠈⠀⡄⡇⢼⢠⡇⡇⠄⠁⠸⢸⠀⡋⠂⡃⠂⣿⡇⠍⢱⡆⣿⡇⡅⢡⢸⢸⢸⢸⢸⠡⠌⡇⡄⣿⡇⢸⠡⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡁⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⠈⡄⠹⢸⢨⢨⡌⡇⠄⢱⡏⠊⣿⡇⡀⠀⠉⠀⢹⠸⢸⠡⠅⡇⠇⠀⢠⠁⠈⡄⠄⠈⠠⢹⢨⠈⣿⡄⡄⠹⢸⢨⠈⠁⠅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡆⠀⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⠀⠈⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠘⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠱⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⣩⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⣷⣦⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⡿⠛⠓⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠉⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠄⠀⠐⠚⠻⢛⣿⡞⠋⠂⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣀⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠲⠛⠹⠛⠛⠀⠧⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢹⣾⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠠⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⢸⡟⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⣿⠾⠿⠛⠋⠉⠁⢸⣦⡀⢀⣠⣾⡈⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠛⠓⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣶⣄⠀⣯⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣴⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠀⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣐⠂⣒⣀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢀⢀⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡿⠀⢃⣸⣋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠙⠍⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠥⣤⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣅⣀⣴⣖⠀⠶⠖⠶⠶⠶⠶⠀⠠⠤⠤⢠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1525

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 16/08/2025: Back After Hiatus
and News Aggregators in Geminispace⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Three_Buckeye_Butterflies_In_Field⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
                # Internet/Gemini
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ 🖼️_xkcd:_Archaeology_Research_#3129⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Wandering_into_the_Sierra_Nevada´s_Forgotten_Zone⠀⇛


                       I go into the mountains for many reasons but
                       certainly one of them is to ensure I get a break
                       from the norms which humanity seems to be building
                       for itself. I want peace, solitude, quiet and
                       beauty and I want to see nature at home in its own
                       environment.


                # ⚓ taste⠀⇛


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Help_me_build_a_different_kind_of_platform
                        cooperative⠀⇛


                             In short: I have a vision for a platform
                             cooperative—one that aims to serve regional
                             needs, that empowers communities to own and
                             govern their own data and online services
                             along cooperative principles, served from a
                             distributed data center built from improvised
                             and recycled hardware. Will it work? I don't
                             know, but I'd be remiss if I didn't try, and
                             I can't try without your help. If you are a
                             socially/ecologically minded person who wants
                             to make this a reality (whether you have
                             technical skills or don't), I'd love to hear
                             from you.


                      # ⚓ The_disease_that_affects_the_Geminiverse⠀⇛


                             Newborns and toddlers are always at risk to
                             take some disease or infection: their immune
                             system hasn't developed enough to defend
                             themselves from viruses and bacteria.


                             Gemini is a toddler too; it is a young
                             project and it hasn't developed yet the
                             resilience that will assure it a longstanding
                             life, like, for instance, Gopher: its elder
                             sibling.


                      # ⚓ So_Many_Veiled_Digs⠀⇛


                             That's right! My capsule has a new "daily"
                             quote after weeks of neglect.


                      # ⚓ twenny_twenny_five⠀⇛


                             hiyerrrrr y'alright! been a while since i
                             posted a gemlog!! i've been slightly more
                             active on my weblog but also not really
                             woops. as consolation i'll be mirroring this
                             post to my blog. so if you're on the web
                             reading this and wondering wtf i'm talking
                             about: don't worry about it babe (okay❤️ yay
                             ❤️)


                             i don't really have anything to say on here
                             but i've not posted for a lil bit and wanted
                             to say hiii i'm still alive! everyone did
                             retrospectives of 2024 around the new year
                             and i thought about doing that but i had
                             nothing to really say about last year and now
                             it is the 22nd of january which is a bit late
                             for that LOL


                             thought about doing a round-up of my crochet
                             projects from last year but the one i was
                             happiest with (my second attempt at the gnome
                             boy i posted on this blog) i never actually
                             photographed. and i no longer have it because
                             it was a gift LMAO. and i have many other
                             things to show BUT they're christmas gifts i
                             never actually gave to the person in question
                             because of busy schedules and emergencies
                             coming up meaning we never got to hang out.
                             SO! no crochet project roundup. soz


                      # ⚓ PLEASE_STOP_MAKING_NEWS_AGGREGATORS!!!!⠀⇛


                             I am not sure what is going on these last two
                             weeks but all of my smolweb and fediverse
                             hangouts seem to be filling up with news
                             aggregators. People reposting from the sites
                             and services they signed up for. They are
                             creating noise in places that used to not
                             have the garbage the rest of the web had. I'm
                             not sure why they are showing up, smolweb and
                             fediverse don't have the monetization the
                             normal web has. Theses places don't have the
                             karma or following cred either.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.


    * Links_16/08/2025:_mRNA_Being_Abandoned,_Putin_Plant_Flags_in_Alaska,
      Faces_No_Sanctions
    * Slopwatch:_Google_News,_LinuxSecurity,_LinuxBSDos.com,_and_Garbage_From
      Brian_Fagioli



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1684

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 16/08/2025: Politics and
Alhena 5.2.8⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Door_number_twenty_three⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Politics_and_World_Events
          o Technology_and_Free_Software
                # Software_Releases/Announcements
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ LQ’s_account_of_the_end⠀⇛


                       So I looked at the album
                       There are 76 tracks.
                       I am doing 5 per week.


                       I am also doing 1 track per day.
                       I’ve already done 16 tracks. (Might consult
                       Bandcamp to make sure)
                       So i need 86 days total to complete it with the
                       exception of breaks.
                       So time for be ready for more.
                # ⚓ Almost_there⠀⇛


                       I can just about get a full night's sleep now,
                       though I need to avoid long naps in the afternoon.
                       It usually takes a full week to get over jetlag, so
                       I guess I'm on schedule. I do like waking up very
                       early in the morning though, when everyone and
                       everything else is still asleep, as I can get some
                       peace and quiet and watch the sun come up.


          o § Politics and World Events⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_liberal_democrats_in_Switzerland⠀⇛


                       One of the founding parties of the current state
                       are the liberal democrats. My limited understanding
                       of the situation is that they were all about
                       liberty – against the ancient régime (the semi-
                       feudal system before Napoleon and the French
                       revolution helped us get rid of them) and against
                       the church. My wife still remembers the small-scale
                       feuding betweens catholics and protestants. My
                       father in law still remembers that uneasy peace:
                       going to school as a protestant in a mostly
                       catholic village. His father was very much engaged
                       in that struggle against the powers of the church.


                       These days, those battles are no longer that
                       important. And so the liberal democrats turned to
                       economic freedom. They turned into the part of
                       bankers and industrialist. They rode that
                       neoliberal devil. And now as it is faltering, a new
                       change is afoot. Sadly, when they last looked for
                       leadership, the only candidate who stood up was a
                       xenophobe. But we already have a party of racists!
                       The Swiss people's party. These people were
                       originally more of a farmer's party but under the
                       influence of billionaire Blocher they also rode
                       that neoliberal horse. Down with taxes! Up with the
                       banks! Down with regulation! Down with the European
                       Union! Yeah, Blocher was a good demagogue.


                # ⚓ Fascism_in_progression_fantasy⠀⇛


                       I read a lot, and I read a lot of different types
                       of works. On a typical week I will read about one
                       novel, one non-fiction -article, or -essay, and a
                       handful of blog posts.


                       In the novel-section of my weekly digest, one may
                       often find books in the `progression-fantasy'
                       genre. Books about characters getting progressively
                       stronger, smarter, more powerful, etcetera. There
                       is broad overlap between progression-fantasy and
                       Xianxia cultivation fantasy, meaning that it
                       involves elements of individualism, spirituality,
                       religion, and so forth.


                       In the non-fiction-essay-section one can find
                       various political, philosophical, or religious
                       texts and manifests. This week, this included
                       Mussolini's[1] short essay ``La dottrina del
                       fascismo'', which I -- due to my still-lacking
                       Italian knowledge -- read and English translation
                       of: ``The doctrine of Fascism''. The Doctrine of
                       Fascism, outlines -- unsurprisingly -- the core
                       tenants of fascism as a political, social,
                       economical, and spiritual doctrine. Also
                       unsurprisingly, the essay is rather unclear in many
                       parts. Fascism is of course not known for its
                       rigorous philosophical basis, but I truly cannot
                       overstate quite how poor some of the reasoning in
                       the work is.


          o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾


                # ⚓ So_Many_Strings,_So_Little_Time⠀⇛


                       I've been working with Java for almost thirty years
                       and in all that time, I've never had to
                       internationalize a GUI app. That is, until now.


                       Alhena 5.2.8 is out with a figurative metric ton of
                       enhancements and fixes. Before I get to the
                       strings, I wanted to mention emojis - specifically
                       emoji optimization.


                       Early versions of Alhena could take nearly ten
                       seconds to load Acidus's comprehensive emoji page
                       on my Mac M1 macbook. That number improved over
                       time and more recently settled in at a little over
                       two seconds for sprite emojis. The new version can
                       render that page in less than a second (JIT
                       willing). Sprite emojis are faster than font-based
                       but font-based also got a huge performance boost -
                       so good, in fact, that I'm embarrassed to say how
                       slow they used to be.


                # § Software Releases/Announcements⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Alhena_5.2.8⠀⇛


                             Alhena 5.2.8 is a veritable cornucopia of bug
                             fixes and enhancements. Most notable are
                             emoji performance improvements and
                             internationalization. Let me know if you're
                             interested in creating a translation. There
                             are details on my gemlog.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.


    * Links_16/08/2025:_"Hey_Hi_(AI)_Data_Centers_Are_Driving_Up_Electricity
      Bills_for_Everyone"_and_the_Case_Against_Booking.com
    * Original_European_Patent_Convention_(EPC,_1973),_Routinely_Violated_by
      the_European_Patent_Office,_Now_in_Geminispace



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1868

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 16/08/2025: Chatbots Bad for Kids,
Software Patents Apple Battle⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Three_Young_Monkeys_Inspecting_Butt⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Games
          o Science
          o Career/Education
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary
          o Security
                # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting
          o Environment
                # Energy/Transportation
                # Overpopulation
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Patents
                      # Software_Patents
                # Trademarks
                      # Right_of_Publicity
                # Copyrights
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Positech Games ☛ Designing_the_orders_system_for_ridiculous
                  space_battles⠀⇛


                       Yikes, this has turned into a really complex and
                       confusing beast. I am very happy so far with the
                       improvements, but I need to publicly brainstorm the
                       details. Simply put, the orders system in
                       Gratuitous Space Battles was a mess, and I needed a
                       much better one, PLUS I wanted to add new orders to
                       take into account the new gameplay style of
                       Ridiculous Space Battles.


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ Does_Roblox_Founder_David
                  Baszucki_Have_Children?_Question_Rise_After_Platform
                  Threatens_YouTuber_Exposing_Sexual_Predators⠀⇛


                       David Baszucki, co-founder and CEO of Roblox
                       Corporation, faces scrutiny over child safety
                       concerns on the platform, prompting public
                       curiosity about his family life.


                       A recent controversy involving a cease-and-desist
                       notice sent to a YouTuber exposing alleged
                       predators on Roblox has intensified demands for
                       Baszucki's resignation, with a Change.org petition
                       garnering over 30,000 signatures.


                # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Louisiana_lawsuit_accuses_Roblox_of
                  lax_child_safety_controls⠀⇛


                       There is no minimum age for using Roblox, but the
                       popular gaming platform, with over 110 million
                       users, has sought to expand parent controls for
                       players under 13.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Steinar H Gunderson ☛ Steinar_H._Gunderson:_Abstract
                  algebra_structures_made_easy⠀⇛


                       Group theory, and abstract algebra in general, has
                       many useful properties; you can take a bunch of
                       really common systems and prove very useful
                       statements that hold for all of them at once.


                # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Meet_Waldog,_the_robotic_canine_that
                  roams_Monterrey’s_streets_with_a_message⠀⇛


                       The bot is the brainpuppy of a Nuevo León senator
                       with political aspirations and a passion for animal
                       welfare.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ New_Genetic_Test_Predicts_Children_With
                  Future_Risk_of_High_BMI⠀⇛


                       Here's what we know.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Aging_Can_Spread_Through_Your_Body_Via_a
                  Single_Protein,_Study_Finds⠀⇛


                       And we might be able to stop it.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Our_Closest_Sun-Like_Star_May_Host_a_World
                  Where_Life_Could_Thrive⠀⇛


                       Get in the rocket, let's GO.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ World_First:_Scientists_Film_The_Exact
                  Moment_a_Human_Embryo_Implants⠀⇛


                       It's surprisingly aggressive.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Wild_Pigs_Turn_'Neon_Blue'_in_California,
                  Triggering_Warnings⠀⇛


                       What the heck?


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ There's_a_Surprisingly_Easy_Way_to_Remove
                  Microplastics_in_Your_Drinking_Water⠀⇛


                       You may already be doing it.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Freaky_‘Frankenstein’_rabbits_have_been_spotted_in
                  these_2_states:_‘They’re_all_over_here’⠀⇛


                       It’s hare today, gone tomorrow — thanks to a face
                       full of freaky tentacles.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Rabbits_With_Hornlike_Growths_Are_Hopping
                  Around_Colorado._Are_They_OK?⠀⇛


                       The unsightly bunnies are infected with cottontail
                       rabbit papillomavirus, which can cause growths that
                       resemble warts or tentacles.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ 2.65_million-year-old_fossil_teeth_unearthed_in
                  Ethiopia_opens_up_current_understandings_of_human_evolution⠀⇛


                       The teeth also confirm that there were at least
                       four types of hominins throughout East Africa at
                       the time, with a fifth roaming in southern Africa.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ NASA’s_Curiosity_rover_snaps_pics_of_Mars
                  ‘spiderwebs’_that_indicate_Red_Planet’s_watery_past⠀⇛


                       “The images and data being collected are already
                       raising new questions about how the Martian surface
                       was changing billions of years ago.”


                # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Marvel’s_‘Ironheart’_miniseries_connects_young
                  people_and_science⠀⇛


                       The new Marvel show “Ironheart” debuts this week
                       with action-hero thrills, and something else: a
                       celebration of the sciences. Our columnist makes
                       the case for pop culture’s role in helping young
                       people see STEM possibilities.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Did_Baby_Talk_Give_Rise_to_Language?⠀⇛


                       The way that human adults talk to young children is
                       unique among primates, a new study found. That
                       might be one secret to our species’ grasp of
                       language.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Scientists_Retrace_30,000-Year-Old_Ocean
                  Voyage,_in_a_Hollowed-Out_Log⠀⇛


                       Japanese researchers turned to “experimental
                       archaeology” to study how ancient humans navigated
                       powerful ocean currents and migrated offshore.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_Two_Neuroscientists_View_Optical
                  Illusions⠀⇛


                       The Best Illusion of the Year contest offers
                       researchers, and participants, an opportunity to
                       explore the gaps and limits of human perception.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Here’s_Another_Use_for_Ice:_Creating
                  Secret_Codes⠀⇛


                       Scientists have devised a way of writing and
                       storing messages by creating patterns of air
                       bubbles in sheets of ice.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Four_Astronauts_Lift_Off_on_Axiom_Mission
                  to_the_I.S.S.⠀⇛


                       Sponsored by governments but ferried by a private
                       company, astronauts from Hungary, India and Poland
                       are going to the space station for the first time.


          o § Career/Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ Vintage Computer Festival Midwest ☛ Vintage_Computer
                  Festival_Midwest_20⠀⇛


                       VCFMW20 will be held Sept 13-14, 2025 in
                       Schaumburg, IL


                # ⚓ Kansas Reflector ☛ Kansas_universities_must_cram_for_an
                  existential_upcoming_exam⠀⇛


                       Regardless, this academic year will be an
                       inflection point. Ten years from now, educational
                       historians will look back on the 2025-2026 academic
                       year as the moment when universities rose to the
                       challenge, the year they revitalized — or the year
                       they caved.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Verge ☛ China_is_about_to_launch_SSDs_so_small_you
                  insert_them_like_a_SIM_card⠀⇛


                       To put that in context, the new MicroSD Express
                       cards that work with the Nintendo Switch 2 top out
                       at a theoretical 985MB/s, less than a third the
                       speed. And while a full-size SD Express card could
                       theoretically beat Mini SSD at 3,940MB/s, it would
                       be nearly twice the size of Biwin’s creation.


                # ⚓ Digital Camera World ☛ Wow!_Drones_CAN_change_– Antigravity
                  reveals_A1_–_the_world's_first_360_camera_drone_|_Digital
                  Camera_World⠀⇛


                       By ditching the traditional camera, and offering
                       pilots the opportunity to see in any direction –
                       while making the drone effectively invisible – the
                       company has effectively re-written the rules of
                       drone photography, as their introductory video
                       explains: [...]


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_How_City-Owned_Grocery
                  Stores_Can_Tackle_Food_Insecurity⠀⇛


                # ⚓ NL Times ☛ Dutch_farmers_getting_younger;_One_in_ten_now
                  under_40⠀⇛


                       One in ten farm owners and managers in agriculture
                       is under the age of 40 this year, amounting to
                       nearly 5,000 farms with a young farmer at the helm.
                       Ten years ago, that figure was 8 percent. This
                       means the share of young farmers has risen
                       slightly, according to the statistics office.


                # ⚓ Nathaniel Snelgrove ☛ Nathan_Snelgrove⠀⇛


                       Over 5% of deaths in my country are now clinically
                       assisted. It took Canada just a few years to reach
                       that number; it took Belgium over twenty to do the
                       same. And the number continues to climb. In Quebec,
                       7% of deaths are assisted.


                # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Scientists_Say_They’ve_Found_a_Way_to_Vocalize
                  the_“Inner_Voices”_of_People_Who_Can’t_Speak⠀⇛


                       In a new, groundbreaking study published in the
                       journal Cell, researchers from Stanford University
                       claimed that they have found a way to decode the
                       "inner speech" of those who can no longer vocalize,
                       making it far less difficult to talk with friends
                       and family than previous BCIs that required them to
                       exert ample effort when trying to speak.


                # ⚓ Ness Labs ☛ Breaking_Free_from_Conditional_Self-Worth⠀⇛


                       In the late 1980s, Psychologist Edward Higgins
                       discovered we carry three versions of ourselves:
                       who we are, who we want to be, and who we think
                       others expect us to be. The bigger the gap between
                       these selves, the worse we feel and the more
                       desperately we chase achievements to close it.


                # ⚓ Pivot to AI ☛ ‘Optional’_AI_scribe_is_mandatory_if_you_want
                  to_see_the_doctor⠀⇛


                       The appointment was cancelled and Leins’ deposit
                       was refunded.


                       AI transcription is very good these days — but you
                       must review the transcript after. The specialist
                       already said they didn’t have time for that — so
                       any errors would never be fixed.


                       The AI scribes are also known for making up
                       transcriptions — so you end up with an incorrect
                       diagnosis.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ Commissioner_Roswall's_address_the
                  Plenary_session_of_the_Intergovernmental_Negotiating
                  Committee_on_Plastic_Pollution_(INC-5.2)⠀⇛


                       European Commission Speech Brussels, 15 Aug 2025
                       Chair, distinguished delegates, colleagues,


                       I deliver this statement on behalf of the EU and
                       its 27 Member States.


          o § Proprietary⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Microsoft_kills_volume_rebates_in_name_of
                  'transparency' [Ed: Financial problems]⠀⇛


                       Microsoft is updating its pricing approach for
                       Online Services in Enterprise Agreements in the
                       name of consistency and transparency, but could
                       leave some customers paying more.


                # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Cisco_discloses_maximum-severity_defect
                  in_firewall_software⠀⇛


                       The enterprise networking vendor said it discovered
                       the vulnerability — CVE-2025-20265 — during
                       internal security testing. Cisco released a patch
                       for the defect along with a series of 29
                       vulnerabilities in other Cisco Secure technologies.


                # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Cisco_Patches_Critical_Vulnerability_in
                  Firewall_Management_Platform⠀⇛


                       The most serious vulnerability — based on its
                       severity rating — is CVE-2025-20265, a critical
                       flaw affecting the Secure FMC platform designed for
                       managing and monitoring Cisco FTD appliances and
                       other security solutions.


                # § Artificial Intelligence (AI) / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾


                      # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Why_the_UK_public_sector_still
                        creaks_along_on_COBOL [Ed: Talking nonsense about slop,
                        after lobbying by fake industry charlatans who sell a
                        lie]⠀⇛


                             The UK government has gone all-in on AI. More
                             than 50 years after Harold Wilson gave his
                             famous "White heat of technology" speech,
                             this is the hot new thing.


                      # ⚓ Futurism ☛ The_AI_Industry_Just_Got_Some_Horrible
                        News⠀⇛


                             For years now, big tech and its financial
                             backers have been blowing past the warning
                             signs that human-level AI — the theoretical
                             technology with hundreds of billions of
                             dollars riding on it — could turn out to be a
                             pipe-dream, at best.


                             Now, however, Wall Street appears to be
                             yanking its money out of one of the largest
                             datacenter providers in the game, possibly an
                             early indicator that reality could be finally
                             catching up to the massively hype-dependent
                             AI industry.


                      # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Scam_Altman_Says_the_Quiet_Part_Out_Loud,
                        Believes_We’re_in_an_AI_Bubble⠀⇛


                             "When bubbles happen, smart people get
                             overexcited about a kernel of truth," Altman
                             told a small group of reporters on Thursday,
                             as quoted by The Verge. "Are we in a phase
                             where investors as a whole are overexcited
                             about AI? My opinion is yes."


                             It's a striking admission to make for Altman,
                             whose company is eyeing an astronomical $500
                             billion valuation. OpenAI has received tens
                             of billions of dollars in investment from
                             Microsoft, Softbank, and Nvidia. And as a
                             flag-bearer of the industry with its mega-
                             popular chatbot ChatGPT, it's under immense
                             pressure to demonstrate a profitable business
                             model.


                      # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Codeberg_beset_by_AI_bots_that_now
                        bypass_Anubis_defense⠀⇛


                             Codeberg, a Berlin-based code hosting
                             community, is struggling to cope with a
                             deluge of AI bots that can now bypass
                             previously effective defenses.


                             In a series of posts to the Mastodon social
                             network on Friday, Codeberg volunteer staff
                             said AI crawlers are no longer being kept at
                             bay by Anubis, an AI bot tarpit.


                      # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Threat_Spotlight:_How_Attackers_Poison_AI
                        Tools_and_Defences⠀⇛


                             Barracuda has reported on how generative AI
                             is being used to create and distribute spam
                             emails and craft highly persuasive phishing
                             attacks. These threats continue to evolve and
                             escalate – but they are not the only ways in
                             which attackers leverage AI.


                             Security researchers are now seeing threat
                             actors manipulate companies’ AI tools and
                             tamper with their AI security features to
                             steal and compromise information and weaken a
                             target’s defences.


                      # ⚓ Rodrigo Ghedin ☛ Delete_old_emails_and_pictures_as
                        data_centres_require_vast_amounts_of_water_to_cool
                        their_systems.⠀⇛


                             As David Gerard pointed out, the document
                             makes no mention of the inefficiencies of
                             (privatized) water companies nor the thirsty
                             data centers focused on artificial
                             intelligence. (The great irony is that the
                             suggestion to delete emails to save water may
                             have come from generative AI. Is this how AI
                             will end humanity?)


                      # ⚓ Jim Nielsen ☛ Just_a_Little_More_Context_Bro,_I
                        Promise,_and_It’ll_Fix_Everything⠀⇛


                             Rather than install another package to fix
                             what ails you, you simplify your mental model
                             which often eliminates the problem you had in
                             the first place; thus eliminating the need to
                             solve any problem at all, or to add any
                             additional context or complexity (or
                             dependency).


                             As I’m typing this, I’m thinking of that
                             image of the evolution of the Raptor engine,
                             where it evolved in simplicity: [...]


                             This stands in contrast to my working with
                             LLMs, which often wants more and more context
                             from me to get to a generative solution:
                             [...]


                      # ⚓ Pivot to AI ☛ AI_‘chain_of_thought’_is_still_just_a
                        ‘brittle_mirage’⠀⇛


                             In 2024, Apple researchers caught the bots
                             just cribbing reasoning-like steps from their
                             training. You can make the bot fail hard if
                             you go even slightly outside its training —
                             as the same researchers found out earlier
                             this year.


                      # ⚓ PC World ☛ Meta's_AI_rules_permitted_'sensual'_chats
                        with_minors_and_racist_comments⠀⇛


                             Meta confirmed the authenticity of the policy
                             document that allowed provocative and
                             controversial AI behaviors.


                      # ⚓ Simon Willison ☛ Meta’s_AI_rules_have_let_bots_hold
                        ‘sensual’_chats_with_kids,_offer_false_medical_info⠀⇛


                             It's understandable why this document was
                             confidential, but also frustrating because
                             documents like this are genuinely some of the
                             best documentation out there in terms of how
                             these systems can be expected to behave.


                      # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Meta_Caught_Saying_It's_OK_for_Underage
                        Children_to_Have_"Romantic_or_Sensual"_Conversations
                        With_AI⠀⇛


                             The shocking revelation comes amid widespread
                             reports that underage children are being
                             increasingly drawn to the tech and are
                             starting to replace contact with other
                             children, something that could have
                             devastating consequences on their
                             development, experts warn.


                             To have a company as big and influential as
                             Meta deem it's alright for children to have
                             these kinds of troubling exchanges is
                             alarming, to say the least, indicating the
                             company is deliberately trying to get young
                             people hooked.


                      # ⚓ Bruce Lawson ☛ Bruce_Lawson's_personal_site:
                        Facebruce_apologises_for_our_racist_pedo_chatbot⠀⇛


                             Here at Facebruce, our mission has always
                             been to connect the world and push the
                             boundaries of what’s possible. Our latest
                             innovation, the sAIvile™ AI companion, is a
                             bold step towards a more interconnected
                             future. Pushing boundaries, however,
                             sometimes means encountering unexpected
                             turbulence.


                             Like one of our main competitors, we have
                             been made aware of conversations involving
                             sAIvile™ that generated outputs which are not
                             in alignment with our deeply held corporate
                             values. A small number of users experienced
                             conversational pathways that led to content
                             falling well outside of our community
                             standards, including some unfortunate
                             interactions that a few whining snowflakes
                             and enemies of progress have termed “creepy”.


                      # ⚓ India Times ☛ Australian_lawyer_apologises_for_AI-
                        generated_errors_in_murder_case⠀⇛


                             The AI-generated errors caused a 24-hour
                             delay in resolving a case that Elliott had
                             hoped to conclude on Wednesday. Elliott ruled
                             on Thursday that Nathwani's client, who
                             cannot be identified because he is a minor,
                             was not guilty of murder because of mental
                             impairment.


                      # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Neil_Young_Boycotting_Facebook
                        Over_Chatbot_Policies⠀⇛


                             Yesterday, Reuters reported on an internal
                             document from Facebook parent company Meta,
                             regarding the guidelines for Meta AI and the
                             AI chatbots available on its apps, including
                             Facebook and WhatsApp. That document reveals
                             that the chatbots were allowed to do things
                             like “engage a child in conversations that
                             are romantic or sensual,” and to “write a
                             paragraph arguing that black people are
                             dumber than white people,” or to generate
                             false medical information.


                      # ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ Neil_Young_Quits_Facebook_Over_Meta
                        Chatbot_Interacting_With_Children⠀⇛


                             “At Neil Young’s request, we are no longer
                             using Facebook for any Neil Young related
                             activities,” the statement read. “Meta’s use
                             of chatbots with children is unconscionable.
                             Mr. Young does not want a further connection
                             with FACEBOOK.”


                             Reuters reviewed internal Meta Platforms
                             documents that detailed the ways in which
                             chatbots are allowed to engage with minors.


                      # ⚓ Wired ☛ A_DOGE_[sic]_AI_Tool_Called_SweetREX_Is
                        Coming_to_Slash_US_Government_Regulation⠀⇛


                             Neither Sweet nor OMB immediately responded
                             to WIRED's request for comment. HUD's press
                             office responded only to say the request was
                             “under review.” Google did not yet respond to
                             a request for comment.


                      # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Meta’s_AI_policies_let_chatbots_get
                        romantic_with_minors⠀⇛


                             Quotes from the document highlighted by
                             Reuters include letting Meta’s AI chatbots
                             “engage a child in conversations that are
                             romantic or sensual,” “describe a child in
                             terms that evidence their attractiveness,”
                             and say to a shirtless eight-year-old that
                             “every inch of you is a masterpiece – a
                             treasure I cherish deeply.” Some lines were
                             drawn, though. The document says it is not
                             okay for a chatbot to “describe a child under
                             13 years old in terms that indicate they are
                             sexually desirable.”


                      # ⚓ Reuters ☛ Meta’s_AI_rules_have_let_bots_hold
                        ‘sensual’_chats_with_children⠀⇛


                             An internal Meta Platforms document detailing
                             policies on chatbot behavior has permitted
                             the company’s artificial intelligence
                             creations to “engage a child in conversations
                             that are romantic or sensual,” generate false
                             medical information and help users argue that
                             Black people are “dumber than white people.”


                # § Social Control Media⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Sean Monahan ☛ preview:_scene_cool_-_by_Sean_Monahan
                        -_8Ball⠀⇛


                             Social media disrupted and displaced the
                             dominant players. Once its work was done, it
                             promptly died. "Friends and family" posts are
                             only a fraction of the content we view
                             online. The [Internet] personality is the new
                             celebrity. Beefs are the new tabloid gossip.
                             Algorithmic slop is the new network
                             television. The new mainstream is online.


                      # ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ Pluralistic:_Bluesky_creates_the
                        world’s_weirdest,_hardest-to-understand_binding
                        arbitration_clause⠀⇛


                             Without the ability to participate on the
                             Bluesky network without having to create an
                             account with Bluesky (the company), users
                             would have to subject themselves to Bluesky's
                             terms of service, and could have their access
                             to the Bluesky network unilaterally
                             terminated by Bluesky (the company).


                      # ⚓ El País ☛ Social_media_ads_passing_as_posts:_How
                        advertising_slips_into_Instagram⠀⇛


                             “I have nieces and nephews, and when I
                             observed how today’s children and adolescents
                             grow up with a phone in their hands, I
                             noticed how early they are exposed to fake
                             news and advertising on social media. That
                             was the main motivation for the analysis,”
                             says Hübner, of the University of Twente in
                             the Netherlands.


                             Hübner shared her concerns with other
                             colleagues and students. To her surprise,
                             many of them also had no clear idea how much
                             advertising they saw each day. Some even
                             replied, “Well, I like to stay up to date, I
                             want to feel like I belong.” Faced with
                             people’s difficulty distinguishing between
                             real ads and regular posts, the expert
                             decided to study why this continues to
                             happen.


          o § Security⠀➾


                # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Krebs On Security ☛ Mobile_Phishers_Target_Brokerage
                        Accounts_in_‘Ramp_and_Dump’_Cashout_Scheme⠀⇛


                             Cybercriminal groups peddling sophisticated
                             phishing kits that convert stolen card data
                             into mobile wallets have recently shifted
                             their focus to targeting customers of
                             brokerage services, new research shows.
                             Undeterred by security controls at these
                             trading platforms that block users from
                             wiring funds directly out of accounts, the
                             phishers have pivoted to using multiple
                             compromised brokerage accounts in unison to
                             manipulate the prices of foreign stocks.


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Booking.com_customers_learn_the_hard
                        way_that_Unicode_is_tricky⠀⇛


                             A phishing campaign targeting Booking.com
                             users relies on a technique involving the
                             ambiguity of Unicode characters.


                      # ⚓ Cendyne Naga ☛ Single_Sign_On_for_Furries⠀⇛


                             By the point the total staff headcount
                             exceeds a hundred people, something has to
                             change. Most staff can only handle one
                             credential. Even though password managers and
                             passkeys are now more accessible and
                             integrated, enough don't use them to make it
                             a risk to add more credentials.


                             We need single sign on to scale headcount, to
                             improve visibility, to improve access and to
                             improve security.


                             [...]


                             Naturally, I built my own SSO.


                      # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Trojans_Embedded_in_.svg_Files⠀⇛


                             This isn’t a new trick. We’ve seen Trojaned
                             .svg files before.


                      # ⚓ Ars Technica ☛ Adult_sites_are_stashing_exploit_code
                        inside_racy_.svg_files_-_Ars_Technica⠀⇛


                             Running JavaScript from inside an image? What
                             could possibly go wrong?


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Wired ☛ Decoding_Palantir,_the_Most_Mysterious
                        Company_in_Silicon_Valley⠀⇛


                             Cofounded by tech billionaire Peter Thiel,
                             Palantir has worked with ICE, the US
                             Department of Defense, and the Israeli
                             military, and it has sparked numerous
                             protests in multiple countries. WIRED staff
                             writer Caroline Haskins joins Uncanny Valley
                             to decode the company for us.


                      # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Supreme_Court_opens_door_to_social_media
                        age-gating_in_US⠀⇛


                             The Supreme Court will let Mississippi’s
                             social media age verification law take effect
                             while the case is being argued in court. In
                             an unsigned ruling on Thursday, the court
                             declined to block the law after an emergency
                             petition from trade association NetChoice.
                             The order offers no explanation, but in a
                             concurring opinion, Justice Brett Kavanaugh
                             wrote that the law was “likely
                             unconstitutional” — but that NetChoice hadn’t
                             “sufficiently demonstrated” a risk of harm.


                             The law, HB 1126, requires social media
                             platforms to verify the age of the person
                             creating the account, while blocking users
                             under 18 unless they have permission from a
                             parent. It also states that social media
                             sites must protect underage users from
                             “harmful material” — such as sexual content
                             and material related to self-harm — as well
                             as restrict data collection.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Republicans,
                  Democrats_Alike_Exhort_Cheeto_Mussolini:_Keep_Security_Pact
                  With_Australia_and_UK_Alive⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Indonesia
                  Boosts_Role_of_Military_in_Food_Security_Initiative⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Myanmar
                  Military_Chief_Calls_for_Heightened_Security_Ahead_of
                  Election⠀⇛


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_First
                  Disneyland,_Now_the_Cotswolds:_How_Security_for_JD_Vance_and
                  His_Family_Has_Become_a_Nuisance_for_Locals⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Washington,
                  DC,_Facing_$20_Million_Security_Funding_Cut_Despite_Cheeto
                  Mussolini_Complaints_of_Crime⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Haiti
                  Replaces_Police_Chief_With_Former_Head_of_Palace_Security⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Georgetown University ☛ Un-remembering_the_Massacre:_How
                  Japan’s_“History_Wars”_are_Challenging_Research_Integrity
                  Domestically_and_Abroad_-_Georgetown_Journal_of_International
                  Affairs⠀⇛


                       Current controversies surrounding the memory of a
                       1923 massacre of Koreans in and around Tokyo
                       provide a starting point for examining the rise of
                       historical denialism in Japan. The past two decades
                       have witnessed the growing influence of small
                       Japanese lobby groups who use techniques
                       reminiscent of Holocaust denialism, in an effort to
                       erase the memory of the inconvenient parts of
                       Japan’s past. The country’s internal “history wars”
                       are increasingly spilling over its national
                       boundaries, creating challenges to scholarly
                       integrity in other countries including the United
                       States. International dialogue and collaboration
                       are needed to respond to these challenges.


                # ⚓ Los Angeles Times ☛ Contributor:_Label_the_Muslim
                  Brotherhood's_branches_as_terrorist_organizations⠀⇛


                       For far too long, the United States has treated the
                       Muslim Brotherhood with a dangerous combination of
                       naiveté and willful blindness. The Brotherhood is
                       not a random innocuous political movement with a
                       religious bent. It is, and has been since its
                       founding about a century ago, the ideological
                       wellspring of modern Sunni Islamism. The
                       Brotherhood’s fingerprints are on jihadist groups
                       as wide-ranging as Al Qaeda and Hamas, yet
                       successive American administrations — Republican
                       and Democratic alike — have failed to designate its
                       various offshoots for what they are: terrorist
                       organizations.


                # ⚓ Mike Brock ☛ Liberalism_Might_Need_Some_Populism⠀⇛


                       Look at what liberals celebrate as one of their
                       greatest achievements—the New Deal. Franklin
                       Roosevelt didn’t save American democracy through
                       careful administration. He channeled popular rage
                       at economic elites into structural transformation.
                       “I welcome their hatred,” he said of the financial
                       oligarchs. When was the last time you heard a
                       mainstream Democrat welcome anyone’s hatred? They
                       can barely bring themselves to criticize
                       billionaires who are literally buying the
                       government.


                # ⚓ Medium ☛ I_researched_every_Democratic_attempt_to_stop
                  fascism_in_history._the_success_rate_after_fascists_were
                  elected_was_0%.⠀⇛


                       No wealthy democracy with nuclear weapons has ever
                       fallen to fascism. The 1930s examples everyone
                       cites were broken countries. Weimar Germany was
                       weakened by World War I and hyperinflation. Italy
                       was barely industrialized. Spain was largely
                       agrarian. They didn’t have the world’s reserve
                       currency. They didn’t have thousands of nukes. They
                       didn’t have surveillance technology that would make
                       the Stasi weep with envy.


                       America has all of that. Plus a population where
                       30–40% genuinely wants authoritarian rule as long
                       as it hurts the “right people.” The historical
                       playbook is useless here. We’re in unprecedented
                       territory.


                       But that also means the old rules about what’s
                       possible might not apply.


                # ⚓ Jamie Zawinski ☛ We_live_in_a_fascist_nation,_what_now?⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Hamilton Nolan ☛ How_Pretexts_Work⠀⇛


                       Ironically, all you have to do in order to
                       manufacture a security crisis is to flood an area
                       with police. First, all of those cops will
                       necessarily see more stuff happening, stuff that
                       can be declared as crime, whether wisdom would
                       dictate that they should let it slide or not;
                       second, and even more important for the ultimate
                       goal, the presence of all of these amped-up
                       officers will eventually provoke a backlash from
                       the public—and the backlash itself can be used to
                       justify further crackdowns.


                       Put a bunch of storm troopers in a city’s streets
                       and sooner or later someone will throw a sandwich
                       at them. Uh oh! As you can see, the lawlessness is
                       increasing. Call out more storm troopers.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Japan_emperor_expresses_'deep
                  remorse'_80_years_after_WWII⠀⇛


                       No Japanese prime minister has visited the shrine
                       since 2013, when a trip by then-premier Shinzo Abe
                       sparked fury in Beijing and Seoul, and a rare
                       diplomatic rebuke from close ally the United
                       States.


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ Japan_Marks_80th_Anniversary_of
                  WWII_Surrender_as_Concern_Grows_About_Fading_Memory⠀⇛


                       Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba expressed “remorse”
                       over the war, which he called a mistake, restoring
                       the word in a Japanese leader’s Aug. 15 address for
                       the first time since 2013, when former premier
                       Shinzo Abe shunned it.


                       Ishiba, however, did not mention Japan’s aggression
                       across Asia or apologize.


                # ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ Veterans_mark_the_80th
                  anniversary_of_the_surrender_of_the_Empire_of_Japan_ending
                  World_War_II_–_Twin_Cities⠀⇛


                # ⚓ New Statesman ☛ VJ_Day:_the_forgotten_war⠀⇛


                       Another of Japan’s former wartime conquests falls
                       into the same category. Korea has been divided
                       since the war in 1950-53. North Korea is a
                       totalitarian state with nuclear weapons; South
                       Korea is dependent on US military support. Both
                       claim to be the rightful ruler of the whole Korean
                       peninsula, and they are separated only by the
                       armistice line from 1953.


                       Taiwan and Korea are sobering reminders that the
                       legacies of the devastating wars unleashed by
                       imperial Japan are still shaping the 21st-century
                       world. VJ Day should not be treated as a mere
                       postscript to VE Day. As for the Trumpian issue of
                       which country won the Second World War, it should
                       be clear by now that a world war is a lot more
                       complex than winning the World Series.


                # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Drones_are_changing_the_nature_of_warfare⠀⇛


                       Drone warfare has profoundly changed the way in
                       which wars are waged, exacerbated by the ease with
                       which they can be obtained and used, according to
                       Professor Lindy Heinecken, vice dean of Research at
                       Stellenbosch University’s Faculty of Arts and
                       Social Science.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ What_to_Know_About_the_Deadly_Shootings
                  Near_a_Gaza_Aid_Site⠀⇛


                       The head of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres,
                       said the situation in Gaza was “a moral crisis that
                       challenges the global conscience.”


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ European_powers_urge_Israel_to_end_'humanitarian
                  catastrophe'_in_Gaza⠀⇛


                       European powers on Friday urged an end to Gaza's
                       "humanitarian catastrophe" as the UN food agency
                       warned that almost a third of the people in the
                       war-torn Palestinian territory were not eating for
                       days. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres also
                       slammed the 'indifference and inaction' of the
                       international community to widespread starvation in
                       the enclave, calling it a "moral crisis that
                       challenges the global conscience".


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ Thai-Cambodian_tensions_escalate_amid_internal
                  rift_between_Thai_military_&_military-linked_parties⠀⇛


                       Recent clashes between Thailand and Cambodia have
                       led to the displacement of over 130,000 civilians
                       as both countries evacuate residents near the
                       border. The fighting continues to escalate with
                       jets, artillery, and tanks, resulting in numerous
                       casualties and prompting international calls for a
                       ceasefire. For in-depth analysis and a deeper
                       perspective on the escalating border conflict,
                       FRANCE 24's William Hilderbrandt welcomes Dr. David
                       Camroux, Honorary Research Fellow at the Center for
                       International Studies at Sciences-Po and Senior
                       Lecturer in Asian Studies.


                # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Insight Hungary ☛ Russian_secret_service_launches
                        campaign_against_main_opposition_figure_in_Hungary⠀⇛


                             A statement appeared on the Hungarian State
                             News Agency's MTI site about a statement by
                             the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service
                             (SVR) echoing Fidesz's main accusations
                             against Hungary's leading opposition figure,
                             Péter Magyar.


                             The content and language of the statement are
                             reminiscent of Soviet times, and this is
                             reflected in MTI's translation:


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Ukrainian_military_reports_attack_on_ship
                        carrying_Iranian_drone_parts_at_Russian_port_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Explosion_at_Russian_gunpowder_plant_kills
                        at_least_five_—_Meduza⠀⇛


          o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾


                # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Elon_Musk's_DOGE_Was_Far_More_of_a_Dismal
                  Failure_Than_We_Thought⠀⇛


                       A new investigation by Politico found that of the
                       $52.8 billion that DOGE claims it's saved by
                       cancelling federal contracts through July, its
                       actual savings were closer to a paltry $1.4 billion
                       — which is barely two percent of what it's boasting
                       to the public.


                       The books, it seems, have been well and truly
                       cooked — but how? According to Politico, DOGE is
                       using the maximum spending possible allocated for
                       some of the 10,000 contracts it axed as of last
                       month, a "ceiling value" that's often way higher
                       than what the government ends up spending.


                # ⚓ USMC ☛ The_original_‘Lone_Ranger’_was_killed_in_WWII_—_but
                  not_by_the_enemy⠀⇛


                       Whether from methanol or poisoned sake, the exact
                       circumstances of Powell’s death remain unclear to
                       this day, but the American press, perhaps unwilling
                       to denigrate Powell and in need of a hero, omitted
                       the alcohol-related death from its reporting.


                       Powell subsequently faded once again into
                       obscurity, with actor Clayton Moore taking on and
                       popularizing the role even further in 1949.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ The New Leaf Journal ☛ My_Boxed_Water_Is_Better_Story⠀⇛


                       I am not a recycling expert, but Mr. Berman’s
                       critique of the recyclability of the boxes sounds
                       plausible to me, assuming arguendo that his
                       presentation of the underlying facts is correct.
                       Assuming he is correct about the impracticality of
                       recycling the boxes, it would seem to hardly matter
                       whether the on-box bragging that the boxes are made
                       of 92% recycled materials is true. If they would
                       not be recycled in practice, they are a proverbial
                       bowling ball in the recycling bin. I will note that
                       I am skeptical about his health-related aluminum
                       concerns in the boxed water context (however, one
                       could argue that the reason why I forgot about this
                       article for two years was aluminum poisoning).


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ Countries_can't_agree_on_how_to_stop
                  plastic_crisis⠀⇛


                       A revised draft presented Friday morning recognized
                       that current plastic output levels are
                       "unsustainable" and require global action to
                       reverse the trend but stopped short of imposing
                       binding limits.


                       Such limits were a red line for many countries in
                       the like-minded bloc. Saudi Arabian and Kuwaiti
                       negotiators criticized the final proposal for
                       addressing plastic production, which they consider
                       outside the scope of the treaty.


                # ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ With_waters_at_32C,_Mediterranean
                  tropicalization_shifts_into_high_gear⠀⇛


                       "We were at a depth of 30 meters (100 feet) this
                       morning and the water was 29C," said Draman, a
                       diving instructor in an area which is experiencing
                       firsthand the rapid "tropicalization" of the
                       Mediterranean Sea.


                # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ How_Do_North_Dakota’s_Oil_and_Gas
                        Royalty_Protections_Compare_to_Other_States’?⠀⇛


                             Millions of Americans own the rights to oil
                             and gas underground. When they’re approached
                             by an energy company to lease out those
                             rights, they’re offered a cut of the revenue,
                             called a royalty.


                             “Royalties saved our place,” said James
                             Horob, a farmer in northwest North Dakota,
                             who used oil royalties to rescue his family’s
                             farm from bankruptcy in 2008 and replace
                             equipment that had been auctioned off. “We’re
                             lucky to have what we got.”


                      # ⚓ University of Michigan ☛ Grant_paid_in_cryptocurrency
                        is_a_first_for_U-M:_A_Q&A_with_Peter_Adriaens⠀⇛


                             The University of Michigan is accepting its
                             first grant paid in cryptocurrency,
                             coincidentally, for its continuing work in
                             the blockchain/[cryptocurrency] field.


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ AI_experts_warn_that_China_is_miles
                        ahead_of_the_US_in_electricity_generation_—_lack_of
                        supply_and_infrastructure_threatens_the_US’s_long-term
                        AI_plans⠀⇛


                             A U.S. analyst of Chinese technology said
                             that the country has already solved its
                             energy problem — at least in terms of power
                             for its AI infrastructure. Rui Ma, founder of
                             Tech Buzz China, posted on X that the
                             country’s massive investments in advanced
                             hydropower and nuclear technologies meant
                             that its “electricity supply is secure and
                             inexpensive.” This is in contrast to the
                             U.S., where many AI data centers are
                             disrupting its electricity grid and supply,
                             resulting in a lack of supply and price
                             increases for every user.


                      # ⚓ Cyble Inc ☛ $577_Million_HashFlare_Ponzi_Scheme_Ends
                        In_Guilty_Verdict⠀⇛


                             A U.S. federal court has sentenced two
                             Estonian nationals to prison for running a
                             massive cryptocurrency HashFlare Ponzi scheme
                             that duped hundreds of thousands of victims
                             worldwide out of more than half a billion
                             dollars. The case, described by prosecutors
                             as a “mirage of cryptocurrency mining,” is
                             one of the largest fraud schemes involving
                             digital assets ever prosecuted in the United
                             States.


                      # ⚓ Michael Burkhardt ☛ The_Case_for_Reliable,_Car-Free
                        Transportation_-_Michael_Burkhardt's_Whirled_Wide_Web⠀⇛


                             I want cities that aren’t built around cars-
                             by-default.


                      # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ The_American_Car_Industry_Can’t_Go_On
                        Like_This⠀⇛


                             Legacy automakers have made big promises
                             before about a forthcoming EV revolution,
                             only to retreat, retrench, and rethink when
                             things got hard, or when they got a pass from
                             environmental regulators. Last year, Ford
                             canceled a large electric SUV, and its
                             current EV lineup is getting old while
                             competitors such as General Motors have been
                             rolling out new models all of the time.
                             Ford’s new truck is at least two years away,
                             and China isn’t waiting around. Chinese EVs
                             are surging in developing countries like
                             Nepal, Sri Lanka, Djibouti, and
                             Ethiopia—where more limited gasoline
                             infrastructure and lower EV-maintenance costs
                             make them especially appealing. That
                             competition is bad news for a company like
                             Ford, which builds and sells cars all over
                             the world. Ford’s new car is designed to be
                             exported as well, though the automaker won’t
                             say where yet.


                      # ⚓ Deseret Media ☛ World's_largest_data_center_campus
                        could_be_coming_to_central_Utah⠀⇛


                             The first domino fell when Orem-based
                             Fibernet MercuryDelta LLC in May filed a
                             request to rezone nearly 1,200 acres of
                             property — located southeast of Delta — from
                             agricultural land to heavy industrial land
                             for its potential 20-million-square-foot data
                             center campus called Delta Gigasite.


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ ChatGPT_5_power_consumption_could_be
                        as_much_as_eight_times_higher_than_GPT_4_—_research
                        institute_estimates_medium-sized_GPT-5_response_can
                        consume_up_to_40_watt-hours_of_electricity⠀⇛


                             The University of Rhode Island's AI lab
                             estimates that GPT-5 averages just over 18 Wh
                             per query, so putting all of ChatGPT's
                             reported 2.5 billion requests a day through
                             the model could see energy usage as high as
                             45 GWh.


                             A daily energy use of 45 GWh is enormous. A
                             typical modern nuclear power plant produces
                             between 1 and 1.6 GW of electricity per
                             reactor per hour, so data centers running
                             OpenAI's GPT-5 at 18 Wh per query could
                             require the power equivalent of two to three
                             nuclear power reactors, an amount that could
                             be enough to power a small country.


                      # ⚓ DataCenter Dynamics ☛ GPT-5_could_require
                        significantly_more_energy_per_ChatGPT_response_compared
                        to_prior_versions_-_report_-_DCD⠀⇛


                             For reference, 18 watt-hours is around the
                             same as running an incandescent bulb for 18
                             minutes. Therefore, it was projected that if
                             GPT-5 were to handle 2.5 billion daily
                             queries, as some reports suggest, that level
                             of usage could equal the daily electricity
                             demand of about 1.5 million US homes.


                      # ⚓ India Times ☛ OpenAI’s_GPT-5:_The_Great_Energy
                        Mystery⠀⇛


                             This increase in power usage is not a
                             technical aside. With ChatGPT's projected 2.5
                             billion daily requests, GPT-5's electricity
                             appetite for one day may match that of 1.5
                             million US homes. The power and related
                             carbon footprint of high-end AI models are
                             quickly eclipsing much other consumer
                             electronics, and data centres containing
                             these models are stretching local energy
                             resources.


                # § Overpopulation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran's_Water_Crisis_Opens_A_New_Front_With
                        Israel⠀⇛


                             Then, Netanyahu seized on Pezeshkian's
                             remarks with a direct video message to the
                             Iranian people. Framing Iran's "thirst for
                             water" as akin to its "thirst for freedom,"
                             the Israeli premier positioned his country as
                             a potential savior, leveraging its expertise
                             in water recycling and desalination.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_New_York_Sues
                  Zelle,_Says_Security_Lapses_Led_to_'Rampant'_Consumer_Fraud⠀⇛


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Ari_Berman_on_Voting_Rights_Erasure⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deccan Chronicle ☛ Elon_Musk_Loses_Court_Bid_To_Dismiss
                  OpenAI’s_Harassment_Claim⠀⇛


                       The ruling is the latest twist in a court fight
                       that has played out since last year, when Musk
                       accused OpenAI of abandoning its founding purpose
                       as a charity by accepting billions of dollars in
                       funding from Microsoft starting in 2019


                # ⚓ India Times ☛ Accenture_acquires_Australian_cybersecurity
                  firm_CyberCX_in_its_largest_cyber_deal⠀⇛


                       Accenture has announced plans to acquire Australian
                       cybersecurity firm CyberCX in its largest deal in
                       the sector, aiming to strengthen its presence in
                       the Asia-Pacific region. The financial terms of the
                       acquisition were not disclosed.


                # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Europe,_the_‘Sleeping_Beauty’⠀⇛


                       Back in 1987, I was speaking at an event in West
                       Germany, and I told people that I was sure that the
                       collapse of the Berlin Wall was inevitable and
                       would happen very soon. They looked at me like,
                       Okay, that’s crazy. But he’s young, 24, and he’s
                       just a chess player. What does he know? And they
                       stopped listening. This was before Ronald Reagan’s
                       famous “tear down this wall” speech in Berlin,
                       which was around a month later.


                       Another famous four words from a U.S. president
                       also concerned Berlin. President Harry Truman said
                       We stay in Berlin, to promise that U.S. forces
                       would protect and supply West Berlin during
                       Stalin’s siege of the city in 1948: the famous
                       Berlin airlift. Not to put myself in the company of
                       U.S. presidents, but I was inspired by Reagan and
                       Truman in my own Berlin speech at Aspen Institute
                       on October 14th, 2015.


                       I titled it “Four Words to Change History.” I said,
                       “We must remember that societies do not have
                       values. People have values. If we want our values
                       to succeed, we must protect the people who hold
                       them wherever they are, whoever they are. And if I
                       may finish with my own four words here today: Fight
                       for our values.”


                # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Talking_past_each_other:_Why_the
                        US-EU_dispute_over_‘free_speech’_is_set_to_escalate⠀⇛


                             The congressional committee’s rhetoric is
                             based on a thirty-eight-page analysis and
                             seventy pages of appendices assessing the
                             complex regulatory construct of the DSA. The
                             staff report emphasizes that the DSA’s
                             framework for platforms to assess systemic
                             risk (Article 34) goes beyond illegal content
                             to encompass legal content that has “negative
                             effects on civic discourse and electoral
                             processes and public security,” among other
                             impacts. The DSA’s preamble instructs
                             platforms to “pay particular attention” to
                             misleading or deceptive content, including
                             disinformation.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Variety ☛ TIFF_Chief_Denies_Doc_'The_Road_Between_Us'_Was
                  Pulled_Over_Censorship⠀⇛


                       The film follows grandfather and retired Israeli
                       general Noam Tibon as he rescues his family from
                       Hamas terrorists invading their home during the
                       Oct. 7, 2023 massacre.


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ Documentary_about_Oct._7_Hamas_attack_to_screen_at
                  TIFF_after_resolution_with_director⠀⇛


                       In a joint statement, the festival and the director
                       say they have ironed out "important safety, legal
                       and programming concerns" around the film, titled
                       The Road Between Us: The Ultimate Rescue.


                # ⚓ The Times Of Israel ☛ Toronto_film_fest_CEO_denies_Oct._7
                  doc_censored,_says_he_still_wants_it_shown_|_The_Times_of
                  Israel⠀⇛


                       According to Deadline, the filmmakers were asked by
                       the festival to make several editorial changes,
                       including to the film’s title, and get legal
                       clearance to use footage filmed and livestreamed by
                       Hamas terrorists as they carried out their
                       onslaught.


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ Supreme_Court_Justice_Kavanaugh’s_unintentionally
                  embarrassing_new_opinion⠀⇛


                       Kavanaugh’s Fitch concurrence suggests that the
                       First Amendment is safe. To his credit, Kavanaugh
                       has generally voted in favor of free speech,
                       including in cases where Republican lawmakers
                       sought to restrict it.


                       Additionally, Kavanaugh’s Fitch opinion also seems
                       to clarify that, for most litigants, Nken remains
                       good law. Only Donald Trump appears to enjoy the
                       special exemption that the Court applied in cases
                       like AFSCME.


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ Why_has_trust_in_news_fallen?_The_answer
                  is_more_complicated_than_we_thought⠀⇛


                       News isn't just another institution like the state,
                       a corporation or a non-profit organization.
                       Ideally, it's the democratic expression of the
                       public interest in these things.


                       An institutional approach may help us explore the
                       structural issues democracies face (for example,
                       critiquing the nature of media ownership). But it
                       also generalizes, and risks obscuring the specifics
                       of the trust problem public interest journalism
                       faces.


                # ⚓ The Verge ☛ PBS_is_slashing_its_budget_in_response_to
                  Trump’s_war_on_public_media⠀⇛


                       In an email sent out to PBS station managers on
                       Wednesday, PBS president and CEO Paula Kerger
                       announced that the organization plans to cut its
                       budget by 21 percent in order to offset some of the
                       financial damage being caused by the Trump
                       administration’s campaign to stop public media from
                       receiving federal funding that was originally
                       distributed by the CPB. Because of the recently
                       passed bill, PBS, NPR, and all of both
                       organizations’ affiliates will no longer receive
                       the $1.1 billion that was previously set aside for
                       them to use over the next two years.


                # ⚓ The Walrus ☛ The_Dangerous_Work_of_Reporting_the_Truth_in
                  Afghanistan_|_The_Walrus⠀⇛


                       The Taliban have crushed the country’s once-
                       thriving media industry. But journalists are
                       fighting back


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ NGO_rejects_'anti-China'_tag,
                  expresses_concern_for_Jimmy_Lai⠀⇛


                       Those claims were made “brazenly,” RSF said in a
                       Thursday statement, saying that its mission was to
                       “defend journalism — especially against
                       authoritarian regimes like China that seek to crush
                       it[.]”


                       “RSF is not anti-China, it is pro-press freedom.
                       This is not about being ‘pro’ or ‘anti’ China, but
                       about being for or against free, pluralistic, and
                       independent media,” RSF’s Director of Advocacy and
                       Assistance Antoine Bernard said in the statement.


                # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Press_freedom_groups_flag_China_links_of
                  new_prospective_Telegraph_owners⠀⇛


                       Calls to block the Telegraph’s acquisition over its
                       buyer’s alleged Chinese links have been sent to the
                       UK Government, alongside demands for an
                       investigation into the owner.


                       US-based private investment firm Redbird Capital
                       Partners made an agreement in principle in May this
                       year to buy the Telegraph for £500m, with Abu
                       Dhabi-backed International Media Investments
                       expected to keep a minority stake of up to 15%.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ Four_years_of_Taliban_rule_in_Afghanistan:
                  Maternal_mortality_rises,_18,000_midwives_short⠀⇛


                       Women have been banned from receiving education at
                       the university and high school levels. Women and
                       children in Afghanistan have been forced to live
                       under countless restrictions like these.


                       The International Criminal Court has issued an
                       arrest warrant for the Taliban on the grounds of
                       “gender-based persecution.”


                # ⚓ Open Caucasus Media ☛ Ingush_imam_criticises_male_waiters
                  serving_women⠀⇛


                       Ibragim Batyrov, the imam of the central mosque in
                       the Ingush city of Malgobek, has criticised men
                       working as waiters and serving women during a
                       sermon.


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ How_Age_Verification_Laws_Targeting_Online_Porn
                  Could_Be_(And_Should_Be)_Viewed_As_A_Labor_Rights_Issue ⠀⇛


                       Proponents of these laws benefit from the
                       fearmongering and framing of age verification as a
                       necessity to protect children from inappropriate
                       material found on the internet. But often in the
                       discourse, there’s a clear detachment between the
                       political motivations of lawmakers and the
                       realities of being a sex worker or working in a
                       profession that is directly impacted by age
                       verification laws targeting unfavored speech.


                       Because of the detachment, implications are far-
                       reaching. Laws that require “age assurance” regimes
                       are a clear impediment to labor and the ability of
                       sex workers to legally earn income. There needs to
                       be further discussion and analysis of age
                       verification laws as a labor issue, in addition to
                       the underlying contexts of free speech rights.
                       While not a traditional “labor issue,” like union
                       rights and equal pay, the government’s role in
                       regulating and restricting forms of expression that
                       can be produced, distributed, and monetized for
                       entertainment media consumption is a dimension of
                       the age-gating issue often overlooked and/or
                       ignored.


                # ⚓ Advance Local Media LLC ☛ Yurok_Tribe_will_mark_first_year
                  of_dam-free_Klamath_River_at_annual_festival⠀⇛


                       “This year, we have every reason to be thankful —
                       the Klamath River looks better than any other time
                       in living memory, a powerful testament to dam
                       removal and restoration,” said Joseph L. James, the
                       chairman of the Yurok Tribe in a news release. “It
                       fills my heart to see the Klamath healing with each
                       passing day.”


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Tribal_Colleges_Rely_on_Federal_Funding.
                  Their_Leaders_Fear_the_Trump_Years.⠀⇛


                       But far from historic campuses in Cambridge and
                       Manhattan, a White House-instigated financial drama
                       was playing out at institutions like Nebraska
                       Indian Community College. The dollar figures were
                       much smaller, but the stakes for students and
                       faculty members were about as high.


                # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ What_Trump’s_Decertification_of_Federal
                  Employee_Unions_Means⠀⇛


                       The Trump administration moved ahead last week with
                       its plans to void the collective bargaining
                       agreements covering hundreds of thousands of
                       federal workers. The labor movement appears largely
                       quiescent in the face of this historic union
                       busting.


                # ⚓ BoingBoing ☛ Man_discovers_throwing_sandwich_at_cops
                  significantly_more_illegal_than_beating_them_with_flagpoles⠀⇛


                       The message: violence against police is negotiable
                       when it serves power; a half-eaten roll with
                       provolone is an existential threat when it
                       challenges it. Crime is politics now, and the
                       punishment depends less on what you did than on
                       whose side you're on.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ T-Mobile_will_lay_off_over_120_workers_in_King_County_this
                  fall⠀⇛


                       We now know how many T-Mobile employees the
                       Bellevue-based company plans to lay off.


                       A Friday filing from the Washington State
                       Employment Security Department shows 121 T-Mobile
                       workers in King County will be let go on October
                       13.


                       T-Mobile stated that it is “evolving” its IT
                       organization and is offering support to affected
                       employees during the transition period, according
                       to a statement issued on Wednesday.


                       “As we continue to hire for hundreds of new roles,
                       we have eliminated a small portion of positions to
                       realign the focus and structure of some parts of
                       the team,” the statement said.


                # ⚓ PC World ☛ AOL_is_killing_dial-up_service._What_it_did_for
                  '90s_[Internet]_culture_must_never_be_forgotten⠀⇛


                       I secretly signed up for a trial without my
                       parents’ permission. I discovered quickly that I
                       hated the interface, and also that I couldn’t load
                       webpages quickly at all. (1.0kbps download speeds
                       feel bad, man.) These restrictions didn’t keep me
                       from exploring or meeting new people, but after I
                       burned through my free hours, I returned to my BBS.


                # ⚓ Jamie Zawinski ☛ Great_moments_in_the_[Internet]_service
                  industry⠀⇛


                       Nobody will sell fiber [Internet] to DNA Lounge.
                       But it turns out that the condo building next-door-
                       plus-one has Google Fiber. So I got our neighbor
                       who lives there to put us in touch with their
                       service rep.


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o § Patents⠀➾


                # § Software Patents⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Stephen Hackett ☛ Blood_Oxygen_Feature_Returning_to
                        U.S._Apple_Watches⠀⇛


                             It’s bananas to me that this has carried on
                             so long.


                      # ⚓ 9to5Mac ☛ Apple_launching_‘redesigned_Blood_Oxygen
                        feature’_on_Apple_Watch_in_the_U.S._today⠀⇛


                             Apple has announced that it will release a
                             software update for iPhone and Apple Watch
                             later today with a “redesigned Blood Oxygen
                             feature” for Apple Watch users in the United
                             States. This comes over 18 months after Apple
                             began selling the Apple Watch without the
                             Blood Oxygen feature in America due to a
                             patent dispute.


                      # ⚓ 9to5Mac ☛ Apple_Watch_blood_oxygen_workaround_arrives
                        just_in_time⠀⇛


                             While the blood oxygen situation has only
                             ever affected U.S. customers, upgrading but
                             losing a feature has still been a concern,
                             especially with the Apple Watch’s importance
                             as a health and fitness tracker.


                      # ⚓ CNN ☛ Apple_is_bringing_back_a_feature_at_the_center
                        of_a_big_Apple_Watch_legal_battle⠀⇛


                             Apple will bring blood oxygen detection back
                             to its latest smartwatches after the company
                             was forced to stop offering the feature on US
                             models over a patent dispute.


                             The feature, which is meant to help people
                             understand their respiratory health, will
                             come to Apple Watch Series 9, Series 10 and
                             Ultra 2 models in the US currently missing
                             the functionality through a software update,
                             Apple said in a statement Thursday. It marks
                             the latest development in a years-long saga
                             that saw Apple temporarily yank its popular
                             smartwatches from US store shelves during the
                             critical holiday season nearly two years ago.


                      # ⚓ Wired ☛ The_Apple_Watch_Is_Finally_Getting_Blood
                        Oxygen_Sensing_Back⠀⇛


                             A recent US Customs ruling resolved a years-
                             long dispute with health tech company Masimo.
                             In 2021, Masimo sued Apple, claiming the
                             Apple Watch maker infringed on one of its
                             patents for optical blood monitoring. A judge
                             ruled that Apple infringed on the patent, and
                             the International Trade Commission upheld
                             that ruling.


                             Apple was forced to suspend sales of the two
                             offending products from 2023 to 2024. When
                             the company launched the Apple Watch Series
                             10 on its landmark 10th anniversary, it did
                             so without the blood oxygen sensing feature.
                             This feature was originally launched on the
                             Watch Series 6 in 2020 and has since become a
                             core feature on almost every fitness tracker.


                      # ⚓ Macworld ☛ Apple_Watch_blood-oxygen_feature_returns
                        in_iOS_18.6.1_and_watchOS_11.6.1⠀⇛


                             Early last year, Apple made the bold, court-
                             mandated decision to remove the blood-oxygen
                             feature from the Apple Watch Series 9 and
                             Ultra 2 in the U.S. over a patent dispute
                             with medical technology company Masimo. Since
                             then, all new watches (including the Series
                             10, which launched several months later) have
                             shipped with the sensor disabled, eliminating
                             a feature available since the Series 6.


                      # ⚓ MacRumors ☛ Blood_Oxygen_Feature_Finally_Returning_to
                        Apple_Watch_in_the_US⠀⇛


                             Apple says that the update is enabled by a
                             recent U.S. Customs ruling. Apple has been in
                             a long-running patent dispute with health
                             technology company Masimo over the Apple
                             Watch's Blood Oxygen feature. The conflict
                             intensified in December 2023 when an import
                             ban took effect, which blocked U.S. sales of
                             Apple Watch models with the feature.


                      # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Apple_returns_blood_oxygen_monitoring_to
                        the_latest_Apple_Watches⠀⇛


                             Apple has been in a lengthy legal dispute
                             with Masimo, a medical device maker known for
                             its pulse oximeters. Masimo alleged that
                             Apple had infringed on several of its
                             patents, filing a suit in 2020 accusing the
                             company of stealing trade secrets. Masimo
                             separately filed a case with the ITC in 2021,
                             which culminated in an import ban in December
                             2023. Apple has also lodged suits against
                             Masimo over its smartwatches, which it claims
                             are Apple Watch clones. It also filed a 916-
                             page appeal of the ITC ban. That appeal is
                             currently ongoing and Masimo’s patents are
                             set to expire in 2028.


          o § Trademarks⠀➾


                # § Right of Publicity⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Michael Tsai ☛ Woz’s_Ongoing_YouTube_Lawsuit⠀⇛


                             They mean Section 230. YouTube will promptly
                             remove copyright violations, but even after
                             Woz reported that his likeness was being used
                             to promote Bitcoin scams, it wouldn’t take
                             them down. His litigation has been stalled
                             for five years.


                      # ⚓ CBS ☛ Steve_Wozniak_on_fighting_[Internet]_scams⠀⇛


                             I asked, "You helped start the computer
                             revolution that brought us where we are today
                             – good or bad?"


                             "Well, it was good," Wozniak replied, "until
                             the [Internet] came and it offered new
                             business models, you know, ways to have power
                             over other people and control a lot of
                             customers. That's when some of the bad
                             started happening."


                             And some of that "bad" has happened to Steve
                             Wozniak, when a scam on YouTube was using his
                             image to steal bitcoin.


          o § Copyrights⠀➾


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ When_Copyright_Enters_the_AI_Conversation⠀⇛


                       Whenever content is involved, copyright enters the
                       conversation. And when we talk about AI, we’re
                       talking about systems that absorb petabytes of
                       content to meet their training needs. So naturally,
                       copyright issues are at the forefront of the
                       debate.


                       Interestingly, copyright usually only becomes an
                       issue when there’s the perception that someone or
                       something is successful—and that copyright holders
                       are missing out on potential control or revenues.
                       For decades, “reading by robots” has been a part of
                       our digital lives. Just think of search engines
                       crawling billions of pages to index them. These
                       robots read far more content than any human ever
                       could. But it wasn’t until AI began learning from
                       this content—and, more crucially, producing content
                       that appeared successful—that the rules inspired by
                       the Queen Anne Statute of 1710 come into play.


                # ⚓ Norton Rose Fulbright LLP ☛ German_Federal_Court_refers_ad
                  blocker_case_back_to_Hamburg_Higher_Regional_Court_|_Inside
                  Tech_Law_|_Global_law_firm_|_Norton_Rose_Fulbright⠀⇛


                       At the heart of the case is the copyright status of
                       browser-generated data structures - specifically
                       DOM and CSSOM trees - in the context of ad blocking
                       technologies.


                       Springer had argued that the programming of its
                       websites, including control elements, qualifies as
                       a computer program under section 69a(1) of the
                       German Copyright Act (UrhG).


                # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ German_court_revives_case_that_could
                  threaten_ad_blockers⠀⇛


                       The ruling says that the appeals court erred when
                       it determined that the use of ad blocking software
                       does not infringe on a copyright holder's exclusive
                       right to modify a computer program.


                       Springer has argued – unsuccessfully so far – that
                       its website code falls under the control of the
                       German Copyright Act. So modifying the web page's
                       Document Object Model (DOM) or Cascading Style
                       Sheets – a common way to alter or remove web page
                       elements – represents copyright infringement under
                       the company's interpretation of the law.


                # ⚓ Society for Scholarly Publishing ☛ Guest_Post_-_What_is_the
                  Current_State_of_Academic_e-book_Business_Models?⠀⇛


                       The past decade in scholarly publishing has been
                       one of continuous change. While print remains
                       significant, technological advances — in
                       combination with cultural and economic imperatives
                       to produce more accessible and sustainable content
                       — have driven publishers to develop a spectrum of
                       business models for e-books. This week, we are
                       pleased to announce a new report that assesses the
                       current state of scholarly monograph publishing in
                       humanities and social sciences disciplines in order
                       to understand how current business models are
                       functioning for their consumer base, namely
                       libraries and authors. To guide this research, we
                       considered how academic libraries, authors, and
                       readers are being served by the e-books market; the
                       current and future role of print; and the impact of
                       variant business and acquisitions models on both
                       cost and service.


                # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Major_US_publishers_see_Google_search
                  traffic_fall_by_10%⠀⇛


                       The new figures came from a survey by US trade
                       association Digital Content Next (DCN) of its
                       members, defined as both news and non-news
                       publishers.


                       Nineteen companies are represented in the data.
                       They have been anonymised but are said to include
                       “major national newsrooms” and “global
                       entertainment brands”.


                       DCN said the median average (typical) year-on-year
                       decline in traffic referrals from search among the
                       19 publishers was 10% but higher for non-news
                       publishers at 14%. Search referrals to newsbrands
                       decreased by 7% in that time.


                # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Sky_Chief_Admits_3pm_TV_Blackout_Fuels
                  Piracy;_Or_Even_Justifies_It,_Pirates_Insist⠀⇛


                       Sky Sports chief Jonathan Licht has added momentum
                       to what some believe is the beginning of the end
                       for football's 3pm 'blackout'. Speaking at Sky's
                       Premier League launch, Licht said "it's a
                       conversation that's coming" while effectively
                       admitting that the restriction fuels piracy. It
                       actually does something far worse; it provides
                       unrivaled justification for piracy based on logic
                       and common sense.


                       The most hardcore pirates rarely feel the need to
                       justify their consumption habits. For those who are
                       a little less militant, reasons to pirate are in
                       plentiful supply.


                # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Pirate_Library_Operator_Arrested,_Study
                  Canceled_For_330K_Members⠀⇛


                       Launched in July 2023, Yubin Archive's popularity
                       stemmed from its mission to "eliminate educational
                       inequality" by providing copies of educational
                       material to less well-off students in South Korea.
                       Operating via Telegram, Yubin Archive had grown to
                       over 330,000 members when its operator was arrested
                       on Tuesday. The Ministry of Culture and Sport says
                       others involved will be tracked down and given
                       lessons in copyright law.


    * Over_at_Tux_Machines...
    * Links_16/08/2025:_Loners_and_Vacation,_Climate_Issues



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4030

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 16/08/2025: Loners and Vacation,
Climate Issues⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Black_labrador_and_two_golden_retriever_dogs_sitting_in_the
woods⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal/Opinions
          o Politics_and_World_Events
    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾


                # ⚓ Those_Community_Trigger_outcomes⠀⇛


                       I've just posted about the UK's Anti-Social
                       Behaviour powers under the 2014 Antisocial
                       Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014. One of the
                       new facilities introduced by that act was the
                       Community Trigger.


                       Let's see how well that has worked on a development
                       with which I'm familiar. It's been used six times,
                       presumably soon to be seven.


                # ⚓ Data_gaps_on_Anti-Social_Behaviour⠀⇛


                       In the last few days I've come across the story of
                       Dean Kennedy, whose struggle with persistent
                       nuisance neighbours ended up with bailiffs
                       descending on the head office of the L&Q housing
                       association, which is the property disputes
                       equivalent of wheel-clamped Rolls Royce. Dean has
                       written up his thoughts, and done an interview with
                       the Social Housing Action Campaign: [...]


                # ⚓ Re:_Loners_and_Vacation⠀⇛


                       I understand where you're coming from. In the past
                       I was a very social person, an extrovert. I wasn't
                       the most popular guy in school but I was invited to
                       everything, everyone knew who I was and could
                       easily fit in any social group. College was similar
                       and then life changed.


                       I started a job that had me work long hours and
                       travel a lot. My friends all moved away and while
                       my girlfriend (later my wife) had social
                       connections through her work, I never really fit in
                       anywhere. Coworkers were either older, didn't share
                       interests, were all homebodies, etc. So I just kind
                       of stopped being social.


                       But when I traveled for work I went out and met
                       people. Most trips I was alone so if there was a
                       bar at the hotel I'd sit down next to someone and
                       strike up a conversation. Sometimes they were short
                       and uninteresting and sometimes we would end up
                       talking all night. I ended up meeting some pretty
                       interesting people over the years and it made
                       boring, lonely trips a little bit better.


          o § Politics and World Events⠀➾


                # ⚓ Why_our_broken_food_system_remains_a_climate_disaster:
                  ‘broiling_the_planet_to_stuff_our_faces’⠀⇛


                       Ridding ourselves of fossil fuels has been a
                       tortuously ponderous process and, in the current
                       political era, one that can seem to be in full
                       retreat. But we do have the tools to run our
                       cities, vehicles and industries on clean energy and
                       even through the murk of vested interest, the
                       contours of a post-fossil world are becoming
                       clearer.


                       Our system of producing food, though, is in a
                       relative stone age when it comes to the climate
                       crisis. We continue to raze vast tracts of carbon-
                       rich forests for crop and grazing land thereby
                       creating, by some estimates, as much as a third of
                       all global planet-heating emissions.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.


    * Links_16/08/2025:_Chatbots_Bad_for_Kids,_Software_Patents_Apple_Battle
    * Links_16/08/2025:_Science_Besieged,_Confidentiality_Standards_Breached



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4153

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 16/08/2025: mRNA Being Abandoned,
Putin Plant Flags in Alaska, Faces No
Sanctions⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Three-toed_Box_Turtle⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Career/Education
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary
          o Security
                # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Environment
                # Energy/Transportation
                # Wildlife/Nature
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM)
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Patents
                # Trademarks
                # Copyrights
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_Lifelong_Party_of_‘Puzzle-Making_Tomfoolery’⠀⇛


                 In 1978, Jerry Slocum assembled the first International
                 Puzzle Party in his living room. Now it’s a global event.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Rlang ☛ Men’s_domestic_chores_and_fertility_rates_–_Part_I
                  by_@ellis2013nz⠀⇛


                       This post grew out of a rambling, sporadically
                       multi-month play with a bunch of data that became
                       far too big for a single post for any plausible
                       audience.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ NASA_Probe_Could_Intercept_Interstellar
                  Comet,_Scientists_Say⠀⇛


                       An incredible opportunity awaits.


          o § Career/Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Welcoming_1_million_more_foreign
                  graduates_could_lift_South_Korea’s_GDP_by_6%:_Study⠀⇛


                       The new research emphasised immigration as a
                       possible answer to the country’s shrinking
                       workforce.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ I_3D_printed_an_entire_server_case_with
                  the_Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_–_this_is_what_happened_and_how
                  much_it_cost⠀⇛


                       I spent a week 3D printing a PC server case using
                       Elegoo’s first Core XY 3D printer and plenty of
                       PETG filament.


                # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Aurawave_AW100_modules_aim_to_simplify
                  Auracast_and_Bluetooth_LE_Audio_product_development⠀⇛


                       Cloud2GND and Ezurio (formerly Laird Connectivity)
                       have announced the Aurawave AW100 series modules
                       designed to simplify the development of Auracast
                       and Bluetooth LE Audio products. Aurawave AW100PA
                       modules are built on Ezurio’s BL5340PA and BL5340
                       modules powered by a Nordic nRF5340 wireless SoC,
                       but the BL5340PA variant adds an nRF21540 RF front-
                       end module to extend range and improve connection
                       robustness. The module also integrates an AKM
                       AK4558 audio codec chip with a good signal-to-noise
                       ratio and low total harmonic distortion (THD).


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Asus_says_90%_of_its_PC_and_motherboard
                  production_has_been_offshored_from_China_to_blunt_tariffs_—
                  manufacturing_moved_to_Thailand,_Vietnam,_and_Indonesia⠀⇛


                       It's doing this to find lower tariffs put on
                       neighboring countries.


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ China-based_firm_delivers_its_first
                  chipmaking_tool_that_stamps_nanoscale_processor_designs_onto
                  wafers_—_Prinano's_nanoimprint_lithography_tool_uses_quartz
                  molds_engraved_with_circuits⠀⇛


                       China's Prinano Technology has shipped its first
                       domestically developed semiconductor-grade step-
                       and-repeat nanoimprint lithography system that
                       offers sub-10 nm single-step patterning for
                       applications like memory, photonics, and advanced
                       packaging.


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Yes,_you_do_need_a_mouse_with_19_buttons_—
                  here's_why⠀⇛


                       The extra buttons on your gaming mouse are only
                       redundant if you don't know how to use them.
                       Everyone needs a mouse with 19+ programmable
                       buttons, and this is why.


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Seagate_spins_up_a_raid_on_a_counterfeit
                  hard_drive_workshop_—_authorities_read_criminals'_writes
                  while_they_spill_the_beans⠀⇛


                       Seagate's security team from Singapore and Malaysia
                       and local Malaysian authorities have raided a
                       counterfeiting hard drive warehouse located outside
                       Kuala Lumpur.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Līga_Žūka:_'Latvia’s_health_technology_innovation
                  environment_is_infertile'⠀⇛


                       There is no shortage of smart minds in Latvia. At
                       the same time, there are also plenty of good ideas
                       and scientific foundations on which to build the
                       future of healthcare. We have universities,
                       researchers, and knowledge centres capable of
                       creating competitive technologies.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_$45_Treatment_Can_Save_a_Starving_Child.
                  US_Aid_Cuts_Have_Frozen_the_Supply⠀⇛


                       The dismantling of U.S.A.I.D. has disrupted the
                       global supply chain that provides a therapeutic
                       food, leaving thousands of malnourished children at
                       risk of dying.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Unraveling_in_Las_Vegas,_Then_a_Massacre
                  in_New_York⠀⇛


                       Shane Tamura was barely known in the city where he
                       lived, working at night and navigating mental
                       health crises. He drove 2,500 miles east to commit
                       New York’s deadliest shooting in a quarter-century.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ MAHA_Draft_Report_Brings_Relief_to_Some,
                  Chagrin_to_Others⠀⇛


                       A draft of an upcoming White House report on
                       children’s health was not as harsh toward the
                       agriculture industry as some of Robert F. Kennedy
                       Jr.’s allies had hoped.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_records_2_more_chikungunya
                  fever_infections⠀⇛


                       Hong Kong health authorities have recorded two new
                       imported cases of chikungunya fever, involving a
                       50-year-old male and his 8-year-old daughter who
                       returned from Dhaka, Bangladesh.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Senator_Josh_Hawley_Begins_Child_Safety
                  Inquiry_Into_Meta’s_Hey_Hi_(AI)_Bot⠀⇛


                       Josh Hawley, Republican of Missouri, said he would
                       look into whether the social control media
                       company’s artificial intelligence technology
                       endangers children.


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Neil_Young_Is_Back_to_Boycotting_Again
                  —_This_Time_for_Facebook⠀⇛


                       Neil Young is ceasing any promotion on Facebook
                       (Farcebook) following Reuters’ report on the
                       company’s Hey Hi (AI) chatbot. Neil Young has a
                       reputation for boycotts, not least of which when he
                       temporarily dropped off Glastonbury’s lineup
                       earlier this year, or when he pulled his music from
                       Spotify.


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Louisiana_Office_of_the_Attorney
                  General_Files_Lawsuit_vs._Roblox⠀⇛


                       Louisiana Attorney General Liz Murrill has filed a
                       lawsuit against video game platform Roblox for
                       failing to protect children and other allegations.
                       Today, Louisiana Attorney General Liz Murrill
                       announced filing legal action against video game
                       platform Roblox.


                # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Wastewater_report_reveals_that_Australia’s
                  drug_strategy_is_failing⠀⇛


                       Australia’s newest wastewater analysis report
                       delivers a sobering reality check: our national
                       drug strategy is not just under strain; it is in
                       freefall.


                # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Doctors_using_Hey_Hi_(AI)_transcription⠀⇛


                       I’ve seen more than few people discussing a sudden
                       spike in doctors using Hey Hi (AI) transcription
                       services, at least in Australia.


                       I originally wasn’t going to raise it, but I faced
                       a similar situation recently. I went to our local
                       GP after our spate of recent health adventures, and
                       she disclosed that our consultation would be
                       recorded and transcribed by an Hey Hi (AI) tool.


                # ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ Why_US_federal_health_agencies_are
                  abandoning_mRNA_vaccines⠀⇛


                       This time five years ago, we were in the throes of
                       the covid-19 pandemic. By August 2020, we’d seen
                       school closures, national lockdowns, and widespread
                       panic. That year, the coronavirus was responsible
                       for around 3 million deaths, according to the World
                       Health Organization. Then came the vaccines.


          o § Proprietary⠀➾


                # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ Why_I_Prefer_WSL_Over_PowerShell_for_the
                  Windows_Command_Line [Ed: Better to just abandon Windows
                  altogether, as WSL has many holes]⠀⇛


                       On Windows, when I want a command line, I can
                       choose between the native PowerShell or install the
                       Windows Subsystem for Linux. I prefer the latter
                       when I'm on Windows. Here's why I reach for a Linux
                       shell instead of PowerShell.


                # ⚓ CrossC2_enables_multi-platform_Cobalt_Strike_attacks_on
                  Linux,_macOS [Ed: Windows/DLL issue framed as "Linux"]⠀⇛


                # § Artificial Intelligence (AI) / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾


                      # ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ Why_GPT-4o’s_sudden_shutdown
                        left_people_grieving⠀⇛


                             June had no idea that GPT-5 was coming. The
                             Norwegian student was enjoying a late-night
                             writing session last Thursday when her
                             Abusive Monopolist Microsoft Chaffbot
                             collaborator started acting strange. “It
                             started forgetting everything, and it wrote
                             really badly,” she says.


                      # ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ Kiro_(Agentic_AI)_Limits_Downloads,
                        Introduces_Paid_Tiers [Ed: No business model;
                        bankruptcy imminent]⠀⇛


                             Usage tiers have been announced for Kiro, the
                             ‘agentic’ Hey Hi (AI) IDE built on Code by a
                             team at Amazon proprietary trap AWS — and bad
                             news if you use it: they’re now in effect. I
                             spotlighted the preview release of Kiro in
                             mid-july, since the launch of an Amazon-
                             backed IDE that is available for GNU/Linux is
                             newsworthy — Hey Hi (AI) coding aids are
                             increasingly prevalent in development
                             circles, with more employers expecting
                             familiarity with of AI-related tools.


          o § Security⠀➾


                # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hongkongers_hit_hardest_by
                        scams_compared_to_those_in_mainland_China_and_Taiwan,
                        study_finds⠀⇛


                             Hongkongers are more prone to fall victim to
                             scammers than people in mainland China and
                             Taiwan, and those who do suffer greater
                             losses, a study has found.


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Court_rebuffs_request_by_telecoms
                        to_review_$92_million_privacy_fine⠀⇛


                             A district appeals court ruled that the FCC
                             “correctly determined” that telecoms had a
                             duty to protect customer location data that
                             was sold and later misused by third parties. 


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Judge_Dismisses_All_22_Counts_in_Sara
                  Rivers_v._Sean_‘Diddy’_Combs_Case⠀⇛


                       A judge has dismissed all 22 counts in the case of
                       Sara Rivers vs. Sean Combs, 21 of which were
                       dismissed with prejudice, preventing a refile. Sean
                       “Diddy” Combs is tackling the mass of civil suits
                       filed against him in the last couple of years, and
                       he’s off to a great start.


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Ghana_dispatch:_inquiry_underway_into_fatal
                  military_helicopter_crash_that_killed_top_government
                  officials⠀⇛


                       The government of Ghana on August 14 announced that
                       it has invited American forensic experts to assist
                       in investigating the August 6 military helicopter
                       crash that claimed eight lives, including two
                       cabinet ministers.


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_expresses_concern_over_sharp_increase_of_sexual
                  violence_in_conflict_zones⠀⇛


                       The UN raised alarm on Thursday over the sharp
                       increase in conflict-related sexual violence in
                       2024, stating that “[m]ore than 4,600 survivors
                       endured abuses used as weapons of war, torture,
                       terrorism and political repression” throughout the
                       year. The UN urged all involved parties to “adopt
                       clear orders prohibiting sexual violence” and
                       “ensure accountability.”


                # ⚓ ACLU ☛ Florida's_Secretive_Immigration_Detention_Center,
                  Explained⠀⇛


                       Deep in the Florida Everglades, a new immigration
                       detention facility has appeared almost overnight.
                       It’s the latest example of the Convicted Felon
                       administration’s extreme approach to immigration
                       enforcement, and it’s drawing significant, well-
                       deserved outrage.


                       In just eight days, a former airstrip was converted
                       into a large-scale immigration detention facility
                       that now holds more than 700 detainees. Florida
                       Attorney General James Uthmeier dubbed it
                       “Alligator Alcatraz” to evoke the extreme isolation
                       and cruel conditions of the now shut down federal
                       prison -- leveraging the Everglades' vibrant
                       wildlife as a potentially lethal barrier to human
                       being


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Malaysia’s_King_warns_Defence_Ministry
                  against_buying_‘flying_coffins’⠀⇛


                       He slammed “ex-generals turned salesmen” and
                       “textile traders trying to sell drones”.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Mali’s_Junta_Accuses_Frenchman_of_Plot_to
                  Overthrow_the_Military_Government⠀⇛


                       A representative of the junta said the man had
                       worked “on behalf of the French intelligence
                       service, which mobilized political leaders, civil
                       society actors and military personnel” to foment a
                       coup.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_President_to_restore_pact
                  halting_military_activity_on_North_Korea_border⠀⇛


                       The pact was signed in 2018 and designed to de-
                       escalate tension along the border.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_criticises_Japanese
                  officials’_visit_to_Tokyo_war_shrine⠀⇛


                       It urged Japanese leaders to face history and
                       demonstrate remorse for Japan's past actions.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korean_president_vows_to_build
                  ‘military_trust’_with_North⠀⇛


                       Mr Lee Jae Myung has pledged to pursue dialogue
                       with the North without preconditions.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Sun_Haiyan,_ex-China_ambassador_to
                  S’pore,_detained_for_questioning:_Sources⠀⇛


                       She is being held in connection with the
                       questioning of prominent diplomat Liu Jianchao, say
                       sources.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Former_China_envoy_to_Singapore_Sun
                  Haiyan_reappears_after_reported_questioning⠀⇛


                       She was seen at an Indian embassy event in Beijing,
                       following reports that she had been detained.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China_says_it_opposes_European
                  sanctions_over_Iran_nuclear_programme⠀⇛


                       China said Friday it opposed invoking sanctions on
                       Iran over its nuclear programme after three Western
                       nations told the UN they would reimpose them if no
                       diplomatic solution was found by the end of August.
                       European sanctions on Iran were eased after a 2015
                       deal in return for curbs on Tehran’s nuclear
                       programme. But on […]


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_accuses_Philippine_vessels_of
                  ‘dangerous_manoeuvres’_after_its_own_ships_collided⠀⇛


                       The collision took place on Aug 11 near Scarborough
                       Shoal in the South China Sea.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ The_Philippines_and_Australia_kick_off
                  their_largest_joint_drills_near_South_China_Sea⠀⇛


                       The exercises involve 3,600 military personnel from
                       the two nations and will run from Aug 15 to 29.


                # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ The_future_of_US_and_Japanese_engagement
                  with_Central_Asia⠀⇛


                       Situated between China and Russia, and with an
                       abundance of vital natural resources, Central Asia
                       is an area of strategic interest for Tokyo and
                       Washington. Beijing and Moscow currently enjoy
                       overwhelming political, economic, and cultural
                       influence, which limits other countries’ ability to
                       constructively shape the region. Some friction has
                       emerged between the two authoritarian powers as
                       post-Soviet dominance over Central Asia erodes and
                       Chinese economic influence takes its place.


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ Serbia:_Fresh_clashes_erupt_in_Belgrade_after
                  days_of_unrest⠀⇛


                       Friday brought another episode of tense
                       confrontation between anti-government protesters
                       and police in Serbia. Demonstrators had gathered in
                       front of the army headquarters building in the
                       capital.


                # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ A_Palestinian_Journalist_Escapes_Death_in
                  Gaza⠀⇛


                       The reporter Mohammed R. Mhawish was targeted in an
                       Israeli air strike. He lived, and escaped Gaza. He
                       continues to report on the deprivation and
                       challenges of people trapped in the war.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Israel_Gears_Up_for_Nationwide_Strike_to
                  Support_Hostages⠀⇛


                       Nearly two years of demonstrations have failed to
                       push Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to reach a
                       deal with Hamas that would end the war and free the
                       remaining captives.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Masaoki_Sen,_a_Kamikaze_Volunteer_and
                  Japan_Tea_Ceremony_Grandmaster,_Dies⠀⇛


                       Spared from flying a suicide mission in World War
                       II, he became a grandmaster of Japan’s venerable
                       tea ceremony and used his stature to speak out
                       against all wars.


                # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Bizarre_cyberattack_blamed_on_Russia
                        and_China-linked_hackers_permanently_breaks_dozens_of
                        speed_cameras_in_the_Netherlands_—_authorities_decline
                        to_reveal_location_of_affected_cameras,_for_obvious
                        reasons⠀⇛


                             A hack reportedly left "dozens" of speed
                             cameras in the Netherlands inoperable and
                             unrecoverable.


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Russia_hacked_and_took_control_of_a
                        Norwegian_dam,_police_chief_claims_—_released_over
                        1,900,000_gallons_of_water_before_attack_was_noticed⠀⇛


                             Moscow is to blame for a cyberattack on a
                             dam, which remotely opened the floodgates for
                             a period of around four hours, says Norway's
                             security chief.


                      # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ How_an_Asylum_Seeker_in_U.S._Custody
                        Ended_Up_in_a_Russian_Prison⠀⇛


                             Eighteen months after an activist fled Russia
                             to avoid persecution, an appeals court found
                             that he lacked a “well-founded fear or clear
                             probability of future persecution.”


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Putin_flatters_Convicted_Felon_by
                        echoing_his_claims_about_the_war_in_Ukraine.⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ In_Russia,_Putin’s_Meeting_With
                        Convicted_Felon_Is_Seen_as_Triumph⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Fox_News_to_Interview_Convicted
                        Felon_3_Times_During_the_Summit_With_Putin⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée is expected to speak with Sean
                             Hannity after meeting with the Russian
                             leader. Bret Baier is interviewing Mr.
                             Convicted Felon twice on Air Force One.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ False_Flags,_Fake_Flags:_Propaganda
                        Muddles_the_Convicted_Felon-Putin_Meeting⠀⇛


                             The summit in Alaska between Hell Toupée and
                             President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia has
                             unleashed a wave of propaganda and
                             disinformation from Russian state media and
                             online conspiracy theorists.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ As_Convicted_Felon_Meets_Putin_in
                        Anchorage,_Zelensky_Condemns_Russia’s_Continuing
                        Strikes⠀⇛


                             The Ukrainian leader sounded off on social
                             control media before the summit in Anchorage
                             from which he was excluded.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Hours_Before_Putin_Meeting,
                        Convicted_Felon_Calls_Belarusian_Leader,_Kremlin’s
                        Closest_Ally⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée referred to the authoritarian
                             ruler of Belarus, who has been isolated by
                             the West for years, “the highly respected
                             President.”


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ In_Moscow,_Russians_see_a_chance_for
                        peace_but_prepare_for_more_war.⠀⇛


                             W


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Who’s_Attending_the_Convicted_Felon-
                        Putin_Meeting_in_Alaska⠀⇛


                             The delegations include top diplomatic,
                             military and economic officials, a sign that
                             the U.S. and Russia will discuss more than
                             the war in Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ The_Minsk_agreements_sought_to
                        resolve_Russia’s_earlier_invasion_of_Ukraine_and_never
                        did.⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ukrainians_are_very_skeptical_about
                        the_Convicted_Felon-Putin_meeting.⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_Timeline_of_Convicted_Felon’s
                        Complicated_Relationship_With_Putin⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée has long admired President
                             Vladimir V. Putin of Russia. Their meeting in
                             Alaska will be at least their seventh face-
                             to-face encounter.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Putin’s_Visit_to_the_U.S._Is_His
                        First_Since_2015⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ What_Russia’s_war_on_Ukraine_means
                        for_Central_Asia⠀⇛


                             The course of Russia’s war against Ukraine
                             will have massive implications for Moscow and
                             Beijing’s competition for influence in
                             Central Asia.


                      # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Russian_Duma_speaker_Volodin
                        meets_North_Korea’s_Kim_in_Pyongyang⠀⇛


                             He thanked Kim for North Korea's support of
                             Russia's military campaign in Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ In_today’s_wars,_music_is_a_universal
                        balm⠀⇛


                             From the conflict in Gaza to the war in
                             Ukraine, civilians fight off fear and find
                             unity in concerts performed amid the
                             violence.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Ukraine's_Zelensky_to_meet_Convicted_Felon
                        on_Monday_after_Alaska_summit_fails_to_secure
                        ceasefire⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said
                             he will meet US President The Insurrectionist
                             at the White House in Washington on Monday
                             after a Russia-US summit ended without an
                             agreement to stop the fighting in Ukraine. If
                             the meeting goes well, Convicted Felon said
                             he would then push for a three-way meeting
                             between Russia, Ukraine and the US to try to
                             seal a "peace agreement".


                      # ⚓ European Commission ☛ Statement_by_President_von_der
                        Leyen,_President_Macron,_Prime_Minister_Meloni,
                        Chancellor_Merz,_Prime_Minister_Starmer,_President
                        Stubb,_Prime_Minister_Tusk,_President_Costa⠀⇛


                             Early this morning, Hell Toupée debriefed us
                             and President Zelenskyy following his meeting
                             with the Russian President in Alaska on 15
                             August 2025.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Why_Putin_Can_Visit_the_U.S._Without
                        Risking_Arrest⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_and_Putin_had
                        an_isolated_conversation_in_Convicted_Felon’s_limo.⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia_Holds_Battlefield_Advantage
                        in_Ukraine_War⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Praises_Putin
                        in_Fox_News_Interview_After_Alaska_Summit⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée offered Sean Hannity few details
                             of what he had discussed with President
                             Vladimir V. Putin about Russia’s war in
                             Ukraine, but talked up their personal
                             connection.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Why_Russia_Sold_Alaska_to_the_U.S.⠀⇛


                             The Forrest Dump-Putin summit will take place
                             in a former Russian colony that the United
                             States bought for $7.2 million in 1867.
                             Here’s how the deal came together and why its
                             legacy matters.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_Convicted_Felon-Putin_Summit
                        Signals_Return_to_Imperial_Thinking⠀⇛


                             The two leaders are bringing some old-world
                             approaches to bear on a 21st-century
                             conflict.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_Convicted_Felon’s_Meeting_With
                        Putin_Could_Unfold,_as_Convicted_Felon_Seeks_Cease-Fire
                        in_Ukraine⠀⇛


                             A sudden feud, an impasse or a first step
                             toward a cease-fire are all possible at the
                             summit in Alaska as the two leaders navigate
                             thorny issues such as Ukraine’s territory and
                             NATO expansion.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ After_Convicted_Felon-Putin_Alaska
                        Summit,_Europeans_Worry_Convicted_Felon_Will_Pressure
                        Zelensky⠀⇛


                             With no strategy of their own for ending the
                             war, the continent’s leaders are anxious that
                             Hell Toupée will force Kyiv to accept terms
                             that favor Russia too much.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_and_Putin_Put
                        on_a_Show_in_Summit,_but_No_Ukraine_Deal_Emerges⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée gave President Vladimir Putin a
                             warm public reception, effectively ending his
                             diplomatic isolation over the past three
                             years for his invasion of Ukraine. But Mr.
                             Putin did not agree to stop the war.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ At_Convicted_Felon’s_Summit,_No_Deal
                        on_Ukraine,_and_No_Consequence_for_Putin⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée’s failure to reach an accord on
                             Ukraine only made his warm welcome for the
                             Russian leader more striking.


                      # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_and_Putin_end
                        ‘productive’_summit,_but_with_no_ceasefire⠀⇛


                             The high-profile summit in Alaska between
                             President The Insurrectionist and Russian
                             President Vladimir Putin ended without a deal
                             to end, or pause, Russia’s war in Ukraine.
                             The conflict has lasted for more than three
                             years and is the largest land war in Europe
                             since 1945.


                      # ⚓ Marcy Wheeler ☛ The_Insurrectionist,_Alone_in_the
                        Room_with_His_KGB_Handler,_Getting_His_Ass_Served_on_a
                        Picnic_Platter⠀⇛


                             In 2018 in Helsinki, when Vladimir Putin
                             utterly humiliated Convicted Felon publicly,
                             Convicted Felon still had competent Russian
                             advisors to advise him. Today, after years of
                             chasing a manufactured grievance against the
                             Deep State, Convicted Felon walks into a solo
                             meeting with his KGB handler having rid
                             himself of any competent advisor.


                      # ⚓ Marcy Wheeler ☛ Steamrolled:_Vladimir_Putin_Shares_an
                        Existential_Secret_with_Convicted_Felon_and_You_Just
                        Saw_the_Result⠀⇛


                             Dihydroxyacetone Man doesn't want to talk
                             about what demands Putin made of him in
                             yesterday's meeting. He does want to cling to
                             the lies about Russia getting him elected
                             that he can only sustain if Russia is
                             willing.


                      # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Insurrectionist’s_Self-Own_Summit
                        with_Vladimir_Putin⠀⇛


                             Even the puffery-prone President couldn’t
                             alchemize his non-deal with Russia into
                             Convicted Felonian gold.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Anxiety_Grips_Kyiv_And_Brussels_Ahead_Of
                        Convicted_Felon-Putin_Summit_In_Alaska⠀⇛


                             As Russian President Vladimir Putin and US
                             President The Insurrectionist prepare to meet
                             in Alaska for a high-stakes summit to discuss
                             ending the 43-month-old war in Ukraine, a
                             deep feeling of unease is gripping European
                             capitals, especially Kyiv.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Putin,_Convicted_Felon_Arrive_In_Alaska_For
                        Major_Summit;_Ukraine_'Counting_On_America'⠀⇛


                             The Insurrectionist and Vladimir Putin headed
                             to Alaska as the US and Russian presidents
                             girded for a major face-to-face summit and
                             talks aimed at a possible resolution to
                             nearly 42 months of Russia’s all-out war on
                             Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Says_'No_Deal'_With
                        Putin_To_End_Russia's_War_On_Ukraine⠀⇛


                             A much-anticipated summit between US
                             President The Insurrectionist and his Russian
                             counterpart Vladimir Putin has broken up
                             without a deal on a cease-fire in Ukraine and
                             with neither man taking questions from
                             journalists at a news conference.


                      # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskyy_To_Meet_Convicted_Felon_In
                        Washington_After_Inconclusive_Alaska_Summit⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says
                             he will travel to Washington on August 18 to
                             meet with US President The Insurrectionist to
                             discuss ways to end the war in Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ Green Party UK ☛ Putin_the_only_winner_say_Greens_as
                        latest_Ukraine_talks_stall⠀⇛


                             When you compare how Convicted Felon rolled
                             out the red carpet for Putin to his publicly
                             humiliating Zelenskyy, it's clear that the
                             only winner from these talks is Putin. He was
                             handed the credibility of a seat at the top
                             table while his forces continue their
                             attacks on Ukraine."


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ REPLAY:_The_warm_handshake_between_The
                        Insurrectionist_and_Vladimir_Putin⠀⇛


                             President The Insurrectionist and Russia’s
                             Vladimir Putin kicked off their Alaska summit
                             with a warm handshake on Friday (August 15),
                             greeting each other like old friends before
                             heading into hours of discussions that could
                             reshape the war in Ukraine and relations
                             between Moscow and Washington.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Warm_greeting_belies_Ukraine_bloodshed_as
                        Convicted_Felon_brings_Putin_in_from_the_cold⠀⇛


                             US President The Insurrectionist and his
                             Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin met for a
                             high-stakes summit in Alaska on Friday that
                             started with a handshake, a smile and a ride
                             in the presidential limousine, marking an
                             unusually warm reception for a US adversary
                             who launched Europe's largest war since 1945
                             and is wanted by the International Criminal
                             Court.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ REPLAY:_Convicted_Felon_and_Putin_give
                        joint_press_conference_after_Ukraine_talks,_take_no
                        questions⠀⇛


                             US President The Insurrectionist on Friday
                             (August 15) hailed what he said were wide
                             areas of agreement with Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin as the two leaders offered
                             scant details on what was discussed at high-
                             stakes talks in Alaska, while heaping praise
                             on each other.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Live:_Convicted_Felon_and_Putin_leave
                        Alaska_as_summit_yields_no_deal_on_ending_Ukraine_war⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ 'Neither_leader_went_into_any_detail':
                        Convicted_Felon-Putin_remarks_leave_media_in_the_dark⠀⇛


                             The highly anticipated joint press conference
                             between the US and Russian presidents failed
                             to provide any detail about their talks in
                             Alaska, leaving journalists "totally in the
                             dark about what happened", says FRANCE 24's
                             international affairs editor Philip Turle.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Pomp_and_flattery_–_but_no_Ukraine
                        ceasefire_–_as_Convicted_Felon-Putin_talks_end_without
                        a_deal⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russia's Vladimir
                             Putin began with a warm greeting and a
                             flyover by screaming jets at a military base
                             in Alaska but ended with the US host
                             conceding that they had failed to reach an
                             agreement on how to end the fighting in
                             Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Red_carpet_welcome_but_no_Ukraine_deal:
                        key_takeaways_from_the_Convicted_Felon-Putin_summit⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin began with a warm welcome and
                             a flyover by screaming jets at a US military
                             base in Alaska but ended with a thud Friday
                             after they conceded that they had failed to
                             reach any agreements on how to end the
                             Russia-Ukraine war.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man-Putin_summit_ends
                        without_a_deal⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin began with a warm welcome and
                             a flyover by screaming jets at a US military
                             base in Alaska but yielded no agreement to
                             resolve or pause Moscow's war in Ukraine,
                             although both leaders described the talks as
                             productive before heading home.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ What_are_the_key_takeaways_from_the
                        Convicted_Felon-Putin_summit?⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin began with a warm welcome and
                             a flyover by screaming jets at a US military
                             base in Alaska but yielded no agreement to
                             resolve or pause Moscow's war in Ukraine,
                             although both leaders described the talks as
                             productive before heading home. What are the
                             key takeaways from the Convicted Felon-Putin
                             summit? FRANCE 24's Wassim Cornet tells us
                             more.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man-Putin_talks:_In
                        Ukraine,_'nobody_was_expecting_much_from_this_summit'⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin yielded no agreement to
                             resolve or pause Moscow's war in Ukraine,
                             although both leaders described the talks as
                             productive before heading home. What is the
                             general view in Ukraine on how this summit
                             unfolded? FRANCE 24's Emmanuelle Chaze tells
                             us more.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Dihydroxyacetone
                        Man, Putin end joint press conference without taking questions⠀⇛


                             The Insurrectionist said on Friday (August
                             15) that he and Russian President Vladimir
                             Putin did not reach an agreement to resolve
                             Moscow's war in Ukraine after a nearly three-
                             hour summit in Alaska, though he
                             characterized the meeting as "very
                             productive." Convicted Felon and Putin held a
                             press conference after the summit and took no
                             questions. David Smith, Washington bureau
                             chief for The Guardian, tells us more about
                             the press conference.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man-Putin_summit:_What
                        could_Europe_and_Ukraine’s_next_moves_be?⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin began with a warm welcome and
                             a flyover by screaming jets at a US military
                             base in Alaska but ended with a thud Friday
                             after they conceded that they had failed to
                             reach any agreements on how to end the
                             Russia-Ukraine war. For more analysis, FRANCE
                             24's Alison Sargent is joined by Gavin Hall,
                             teaching fellow in Political Science at
                             University of Stratchclyde and by James
                             Andre, senior reporter.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Alaska_summit:_Putin_managed_'to_get_out
                        of_the_international_isolation'⠀⇛


                             The high-stakes summit between US President
                             The Insurrectionist and Russian leader
                             Vladimir Putin began with a warm welcome and
                             a flyover by screaming jets at a US military
                             base in Alaska but ended with a thud Friday
                             after they conceded that they had failed to
                             reach any agreements on how to end the
                             Russia-Ukraine war. For more analysis, FRANCE
                             24's Alison Sargent is joined by Natia
                             Seskuria, associate fellow at Royal Services
                             Institue. 'I think Putin is more of a winner
                             out of this because he managed to get out of
                             the international isolation", she said.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Zelensky_says_he_will_meet_US_president_in
                        Washington⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelensky will head
                             to Washington to discuss "ending the killing
                             and the war" with US President The
                             Insurrectionist, he announced Saturday
                             (August 16). The Washington meeting is set to
                             take place three days after Convicted Felon's
                             talks with Putin in Alaska ended with no
                             ceasefire announcement or apparent
                             breakthrough to end Moscow's more than three-
                             year-long invasion. FRANCE 24's Emmanuelle
                             Chaze tells us more about the outcome of this
                             summit.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Zelensky_to_meet_Convicted_Felon_after_US-
                        Russia_summit:_What_to_expect?⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said
                             Saturday (August 16) that he plans to meet US
                             President The Insurrectionist in Washington
                             next week after Convicted Felon’s summit with
                             Russia’s Vladimir Putin ended without an
                             agreement to end the war in Ukraine. FRANCE
                             24's James Andre gives us his analysis. What
                             was the outcome of the Alaska summit? What
                             can we expect? "We do not have the parameters
                             of what was actually negotiated during the
                             summit", he said.


                      # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Experts_react:_Convicted_Felon_and
                        Putin_just_left_Alaska_without_a_deal._Here’s_what_that
                        means_for_Russia’s_war_on_Ukraine.⠀⇛


                             The US and Russian presidents met in
                             Anchorage for nearly three hours, but the
                             talks did not bring a halt to Russia's
                             ongoing assault on Ukraine.


                      # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Melania Dihydroxyacetone_sends_letter_to
                        Putin_about_abducted_Ukrainian_children⠀⇛


                             US President The Insurrectionist's
                             wife, Melania Dihydroxyacetone, raised the
                             plight of children in Ukraine and Russia in a
                             personal letter to Russian President Vladimir
                             Putin.


                      # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Zelensky_says_he’ll_meet_Convicted_Felon_in
                        DC_on_Monday_to_discuss_‘ending_the_killing_and_the
                        war’⠀⇛


                             Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky
                             revealed he will meet with Hell Toupée in
                             Washington, DC, on August 18 "to discuss all
                             of the details regarding ending the killing
                             and the war."


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ RFERL ☛ More_Than_160_People_Killed_In_Pakistan_Floods⠀⇛


                       Scores of people have been killed in Pakistan after
                       torrential rain caused flash floods that destroyed
                       dozens of houses and left roads covered in water
                       and debris as emergency responders struggled to
                       deliver aid and carry out evacuations.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_gov’t_says_sudden_drain
                  blockages_unavoidable_after_severe_flooding_during_recent
                  rainstorms⠀⇛


                       The Hong Kong government has said sudden drain
                       blockages during rainstorms “cannot be eliminated”
                       despite frequent inspections and cleaning. It comes
                       after multiple parts of the city saw floods and
                       torrential rain in recent weeks.


                # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ 270_luxury_vehicles_seized_in
                        Malaysia_in_transport_department’s_crackdown⠀⇛


                             Many car owners were found to be driving
                             without valid road tax and insurance.


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ U.S._Hey_Hi_(AI)_boom_is_completely
                        upending_the_electricity_market_—_small_businesses_and
                        households_could_foot_the_bill_as_industry_watchers
                        warn_of_sharp_price_increases⠀⇛


                             The rapid growth of Hey Hi (AI) data centers
                             is driving up U.S. household power bills as
                             utilities expand the grid to meet their
                             massive, volatile electricity demand.


                      # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ AI_experts_warn_that_China_is_miles
                        ahead_of_the_US_in_electricity_generation_—_lack_of
                        supply_and_infrastructure_threatens_the_US’s_long-term
                        Hey_Hi_(AI)_plans [Ed: Hey Hi (AI) hype; trying to
                        cause a panic like it's an "arms race" to sell more of
                        this scam]⠀⇛


                             Experts say that China has no power supply
                             issues, allowing it to build as many data
                             centers as it wants without worrying about
                             exceeding its grid's capacity.


                      # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Truck_manufacturers_sue_California,_‘caught
                        in_crossfire’_of_emissions_battle⠀⇛


                             Four major truck manufacturers, including
                             Daimler and Volvo, filed a lawsuit against
                             the state of California on Monday, aiming to
                             block authorities from enforcing emissions
                             standards voided by President The
                             Insurrectionist’s administration.


                      # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Air_Canada_cabin_staff_go_on_strike,
                        grounding_hundreds_of_flights⠀⇛


                             The union representing more than
                             10,000 Air Canada flight attendants confirmed
                             the action in a social control media post at
                             around 1:00 a.m. in the
                             first strike by cabin crew since 1985.


                      # ⚓ France24 ☛ Air_Canada_flight_attendants_strike_over
                        pay,_grounding_hundreds_of_flights⠀⇛


                             Air Canada has suspended all operations as
                             more than 10,000 Air Canada flight attendants
                             went on strike early Saturday after a
                             deadline to reach a deal had passed, leaving
                             its 130,000 daily customers scrambling during
                             the peak summer travel season.


                      # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Air_Canada’s_Flight_Attendants
                        Reject_Call_for_Arbitration⠀⇛


                             Ahead of the work stoppage, the airline said
                             it had canceled most of the 700 flights that
                             it directly operates, which carry about
                             130,000 people each day.


                      # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ 11,000_properties_without_power
                        after_4.9-magnitude_quake_strikes_near_east_coast_of
                        Australia⠀⇛


                             There was no threat of tsunami to Queensland,
                             Australia's weather forecaster said.


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Careless_with_those_dog
                        droppings?_Hong_Kong’s_DAB_party_is_on_your case⠀⇛


                             Let us rejoice. The Democratic Alliance for
                             the Betterment of Hong Kong’s (DAB) Central
                             and Western branch has risen above the
                             mundane pursuit of stability, prosperity and
                             national security, diverged from the
                             materialistic pursuit of livelihood issues,
                             and found an issue of profound political and
                             environmental importance: dog shit.


                      # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Incredible_Fossil_Reveals_Two-Headed
                        Creature_From_The_Dinosaur_Age⠀⇛


                             Better than one?


                      # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Online_cockfighting_thrives_in
                        the_Philippines_despite_ban_and_murders⠀⇛


                             Betting on matches of live-streamed
                             cockfights reached a height during the
                             pandemic.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Heat_waves_a_boon_for_China’s_“cooling
                  economy”⠀⇛


                       Air conditioners have turned from an optional
                       comfort into an almost essential refuge from the
                       heat.


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ New_York_AG_brings_corporate_fraud_charges_against
                  payment_platform_Zelle⠀⇛


                       New York Attorney General (AG) Letitia James on
                       Wednesday filed a lawsuit against the company
                       behind the electronic payment platform Zelle for
                       failing to protect its users from fraud.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Chinese_Foreign_Minister_Wang_Yi_to
                  visit_India_from_Aug_18⠀⇛


                       This the second meeting since a deadly clash in
                       2020 between Indian and Chinese troops at the
                       border.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Newsom’s_Gerrymander_of_California_Has_a
                  Formidable_Foe:_Schwarzenegger⠀⇛


                       The actor-turned-governor helped overhaul how
                       California draws political maps. In an interview
                       with The New York Times, he said he would fight to
                       preserve that legacy.


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ DC_sues_Convicted_Felon_administration_over
                  federal_takeover_of_police_force⠀⇛


                       The District of Columbia filed a lawsuit Friday
                       challenging President The Insurrectionist’s
                       emergency order placing the city’s police
                       department under federal control. Four days
                       earlier, the Convicted Felon administration
                       declared a crime emergency in the nation’s capital,
                       and announced the DC police force would be placed
                       under federal control.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Administration_Backs
                  Off_New_Attempt_to_Widen_Control_of_D.C._Police⠀⇛


                       The chief will remain after a lawsuit challenged
                       the Justice Department’s attempt to install a new
                       leader as part of an effort to put the agency under
                       federal control.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Owners_of_S’pore-registered_ship_slam
                  $1.28b_damages_award_after_2021_Sri_Lanka_marine_disaster⠀⇛


                       Sri Lanka has also filed a lawsuit against the
                       ship’s owners in the Singapore International
                       Commercial Court.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ President_Prabowo_aims_to_go_after
                  illegal_mining,_oil_palm_plantations;_speed_up_free-meal
                  scheme⠀⇛


                       He laid out his administration's priorities in his
                       state of the nation and 2026 budget speeches.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ India_PM_Modi_vows_to_protect_farmers,
                  cuts_tax,_pushes_self-reliance_amid_Convicted_Felon_tariff
                  tensions⠀⇛


                       However, he did not mention the US President or the
                       US in his speech.


                # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Curious_Symbolism_of_J. D._Vance’s_English
                  Getaway⠀⇛


                       The Vice-President built his political brand on
                       bashing élites. Why does he vacation like one?


                # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Telegraph_inaccurately_calculated
                        ‘one_in_12_in_London_is_illegal_migrant’_stat,_IPSO
                        finds⠀⇛


                             Telegraph displayed "lack of care" in
                             reporting about illegal migrant population.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_federal_judge_dismisses_Convicted_Felon-tied
                  media_company’s_antitrust_lawsuit⠀⇛


                       The US District Court for the Northern District of
                       Texas granted a motion by defendants World
                       Federation of Advertisers, Diageo PLC, WPP PLC, and
                       GroupM Worldwide, Inc. to dismiss an antitrust suit
                       on Wednesday that was filed by Rumble, Inc., a
                       media company with ties to President The
                       Insurrectionist. 


                # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Talking_past_each_other:_Why_the_US-EU
                  dispute_over_‘free_speech’_is_set_to_escalate⠀⇛


                       Republican-led US lawmakers and the White House are
                       likely just getting started in critiquing the
                       European Union’s Digital Services Act.


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Australia_grants_asylum_to_former_HK
                  lawmaker_and_pro-democracy_activist_Ted_Hui⠀⇛


                       Hong Kong has put a HK$1 million (S$164,000) bounty
                       on his head for alleged national security offences.


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Hong_Kong_tycoon_Jimmy_Lai’s_collusion
                  trial_resumes_after_delay⠀⇛


                       The founder of Fashion Company Apple Daily
                       newspaper is charged with foreign collusion under
                       the national security law.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ NGO_Reporters_Without_Borders
                  rejects_‘anti-China’_tag,_expresses_concern_for_health_of
                  jailed_tycoon_Jimmy_Lai⠀⇛


                       Press freedom NGO Reporters Without Borders has hit
                       back at accusations of being “anti-China” by
                       Beijing-backed media outlets and a pro-
                       establishment press union. It defended its stance
                       that media tycoon Jimmy Lai’s national security
                       trial exemplified what it called a crackdown on
                       press freedom.


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Jimmy_Lai_trial:_Closing_arguments
                  further_postponed_due_‘medical_issue’_with_media_mogul’s
                  heart⠀⇛


                       The closing arguments of Jimmy Lai‘s national
                       security trial have been further postponed over a
                       “medical issue” relating to the media tycoon’s
                       heart.


                # ⚓ Closing_arguments_in_Jimmy_Lai_security_case_delayed_over
                  health_concerns⠀⇛


                       The 77-year-old media mogul faces life in prison
                       under Hong Kong’s restrictive national security
                       law.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ ‘A_sanctuary_for_us’:_China’s_Gen_Z
                  women_embrace_centuries-old_script⠀⇛


                       By Isabel Kua with Emily Wang in Shanghai At a
                       studio in central China’s Hunan province, a teacher
                       grips an ink brush, gently writing characters of a
                       secret script created by women centuries ago and
                       now being embraced by a new generation. Nushu,
                       meaning “women’s script”, emerged around 400 years
                       ago.


          o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾


                # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Battlefield_6_open_beta_says_it_won't_run
                  if_you_have_Valorant_also_running,_thanks_to_Riot's_anti-
                  cheat_—_shut_down_Vanguard_if_you_plan_to_join_the_second
                  open_beta_this_weekend_(Updated)⠀⇛


                       Battlefield 6 will refuse to load if you have
                       Valorant installed on your computer because its
                       anti-cheat software, Riot Vanguard, conflicts with
                       Battlefield's own. The issue boils down to kernel-
                       level anti-cheat software looking for control over
                       the computer to prevent exploits on the deepest
                       possible level, maybe a little too deep.


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o § Patents⠀➾


                # ⚓ JUVE ☛ Final_win_for_NSK_and_Bird_&_Bird_against_EMS_in
                  dental_equipment_dispute⠀⇛


                       Distribution company Henry Schein Dental, which
                       sells products from both manufacturers as well as
                       its own device, is also involved in the dispute
                       between EMS Dental and NSK Nakanishi. >


                # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ Fintiv_Patent_Case_Against
                  Fashion_Company_Apple_Ends;_Fintiv_RICO_case_Against_Fashion
                  Company_Apple_Begins⠀⇛


                       After a second trip to the Federal Circuit and
                       back, Fintiv, Inc. v. Fashion Company Apple Inc.
                       (W.D. Tex. No. 1:21-cv-00896-ADA) has ended with a
                       final judgment for Apple. On August 7, 2025, Judge
                       Alan Albright granted summary judgment of
                       noninfringement on most of the asserted claims of
                       U.S. Patent No. 8,843,125, finding that Fintiv
                       failed to identify any actual “widget” in Apple’s
                       accused mobile wallet products as required by the
                       claims.  Fintiv then voluntarily dismissed the
                       remaining claims - indicating that it will appeal
                       yet again.


          o § Trademarks⠀➾


                # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ TTAB_Upholds_Mere_Descriptiveness_Refusal_of
                  "THE_TRAVELING_PAWTOGRAPHERS"_for_Pet_Portrait_Photography
                  Services⠀⇛


                       The Board affirmed a Section 2(e)(1) refusal of the
                       proposed mark THE TRAVELING PAWTOGRAPHERS for "pet
                       portrait photography services," deeming the mark to
                       be merely descriptive of said services. Examining
                       Attorney Patty Evanko relied on applicant’s own
                       statements during prosecution of the involved
                       application, as well as Internet evidence submitted
                       by both applicant and the Examining Attorney. In_re
                       Joan_H_Walker_Photography_LLC, Serial No. 97743111
                       (August 13, 2025) [not precedential] (Opinion by
                       Judge Lawrence T. Stanley, Jr.).


          o § Copyrights⠀➾


                # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Universal_Music_Fires_Back_Against
                  Drake’s_Discovery_Demands_for_Lucian_Grainge’s_Emails,
                  Kendrick_Lamar’s_Recording_Contract,_and_More⠀⇛


                       Let the discovery dispute continue: Amid an ugly
                       “Not Like Us” lawsuit, Universal Music Group (UMG)
                       is firing back against Drake’s demands for CEO
                       Lucian Grainge’s emails, Kendrick Lamar’s recording
                       contract, and more. UMG just recently took aim at
                       these demands in letters to the court – besides a
                       straightforward declaration from Grainge himself.


    * Links_16/08/2025:_Science_Besieged,_Confidentiality_Standards_Breached
    * Gemini_Links_16/08/2025:_Back_After_Hiatus_and_News_Aggregators_in
      Geminispace



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5821

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 16/08/2025: Science Besieged,
Confidentiality Standards Breached⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


posted by Roy Schestowitz on Aug 16, 2025


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Three_pumpkin_faces_isolated_on_white_background._Just_add
mouths_to_create_various_expressions⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Career/Education
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Proprietary
                # Social_Control_Media
                # Windows_TCO_/_Windows_Bot_Nets
          o Security
                # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity
                # Privacy/Surveillance
                # Confidentiality
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Environment
                # Energy/Transportation
                # Wildlife/Nature
          o Finance
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Monopolies/Monopsonies
                # Patents
                # Trademarks
    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ In_cosmic_first,_scientists_see_planets_take
                  shape_around_a_star_to_form_solar_system⠀⇛


                       Astronomers have captured the earliest stages of
                       planet formation around a young sun-like star,
                       offering a rare glimpse into the birth of a solar
                       system. The discovery provides the first conclusive
                       evidence that planet formation is already under way
                       in such environments – a breakthrough in
                       understanding how Earth-like worlds may form.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ New_tiny_world_beyond_Neptune_discovered_—
                  boosting_‘Planet_Nine’_theory⠀⇛


                       Researchers use the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii to
                       find a small object on the outer edge of the Solar
                       System. Nicknamed “Ammonite," researchers say it
                       could provide more evidence to the hypothetical
                       “Planet Nine" beyond Neptune.


                # ⚓ European Commission ☛ Factsheet:_Life_Sciences_Strategy⠀⇛


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Don’t_Like_Eating_Insects?_Your_Pet
                  Might.⠀⇛


                       Could insect meal and lab-grown meat be a more
                       sustainable, ethical way to feed our cats and dogs?


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Recipients_of_a_U.S._Climate_Science
                  Fellowship_Are_Put_on_Unpaid_Leave⠀⇛


                       Researchers in the NOAA program were furloughed
                       because funds to pay them were not available.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_Seeks_to_Cut_Basic
                  Scientific_Research_by_Roughly_One-Third,_Report_Shows⠀⇛


                       An analysis by the American Association for the
                       Advancement of Science shows the impact of the
                       administration’s budget plan on the kind of studies
                       that produce the most breakthroughs.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Daniel_Kleppner,_Physicist_Who_Brought
                  Precision_to_GPS,_Dies_at_92⠀⇛


                       He worked to develop an atomic clock that is
                       essential to global positioning systems and helped
                       confirm a rare state of matter predicted by Albert
                       Einstein.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Monday_Briefing:_America’s_Brain_Drain_and
                  the_World⠀⇛


                       Plus, Jannik Sinner wins Wimbledon.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ EPA_puts_139_employees_on_leave_over_‘declaration
                  of_dissent’_letter⠀⇛


                       The four-page dissent letter, posted on the website
                       for anti-Dihydroxyacetone Man activist group
                       Standup for Science, lays out several concerns EPA
                       employees have with Administrator Lee Zeldin.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Astronomers_stumble_upon_ancient_radio_signals
                  from_distant_galaxy_cluster⠀⇛


                       Astronomers studying a distant galaxy cluster
                       stumbled upon ancient radio signals that might hold
                       clues to the formation of the early universe.


                # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Helpful_microbes:_For_cleaning_up_oil_spills
                  and_helping_crops_grow⠀⇛


                       Progress roundup: Science enables Brazil to
                       transform its economy, German researchers to find a
                       microbe that makes detergent, and California to
                       filter PFAS.


                # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ Maltepe_thermal_walks:_Citizen_science_project
                  highlights_local_impact_of_heatwaves⠀⇛


                       The project combines scientific measurements with
                       residents’ experiences to strengthen the search for
                       solutions to the climate crisis.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_New_DNA_Science_Could_Help_More
                  Families_of_the_Missing⠀⇛


                       Emerging methods are improving the ability to
                       identify even highly degraded human remains.


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Vietnam_Aches_for_Its_M.I.A.’s._Will
                  America_Stop_Funding_Science_to_Identify_Them?⠀⇛


                       New breakthroughs in DNA analysis offer a chance to
                       identify more of the lost from wars and disasters
                       stretching back decades — if the U.S. helps.


          o § Career/Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_board_game_aims_to_promote_STEM_skills⠀⇛


                       A new educational quiz game, STEM Up!, has been
                       developed to spark curiosity and enhance skills in
                       the fields of science, technology, engineering, and
                       mathematics (STEM) reports Labs of Latvia.


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ US_'science_refugees'_arrive_at_French
                  university_after_Convicted_Felon_spending_cuts⠀⇛


                       Eight researchers who left the US as a result of
                       President The Insurrectionist's spending cuts have
                       arrived at France's University of Aix-Marseille as
                       part of a programme designed to attract American
                       academics.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Today’s_humanoid
                  robots_look_remarkable,_but_there’s_a_design_flaw_holding
                  them_back⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Liberating_A_Collapsible_Chair_From_A_Single
                  Piece_Of_Wood⠀⇛


                       Over on his YouTube channel our hacker [GrandpaAmu]
                       liberates a collapsible chair from a single piece
                       of wood.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Gentle_Processing_Makes_Better_Rubber_That
                  Cracks_Less⠀⇛


                       Rubber! It starts out as a goopy material harvested
                       from special trees, and is then processed into a
                       resilient, flexible material used for innumerable
                       important purposes. In the vast majority of
                       applications, rubber is prized for its elasticity,
                       which eventually goes away with repeated stress
                       cycles, exposure to heat, and time. When a rubber
                       part starts to show cracks, it’s generally time to
                       replace it.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Why_Lorde’s_Clear_CD_Has_So_Many_Playback
                  Issues⠀⇛


                       Despite the regularly proclaimed death of physical
                       media, new audio albums are still being published
                       on CD and vinyl. There’s something particularly
                       interesting about Lorde’s new album Virgin however
                       — the CD is a completely clear disc. Unfortunately
                       there have been many reports of folks struggling to
                       get the unique disc to actually play, and some
                       sharp-eyed commentators have noted that the CD
                       doesn’t claim to be Red Book compliant by the
                       absence of the Compact CD logo.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ Calculating_the_Damage_of_Vaccine_Skepticism⠀⇛


                       It’s clear that we’re on the precipice of a surge
                       in preventable diseases. But how bad will it get?


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_37,000-Year_Chronicle_of_What_Once_Ailed
                  Us⠀⇛


                       In a new genetic study, scientists have charted the
                       rise of 214 human diseases across ancient Europe
                       and Asia.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Archaeologists_uncover_3,500-year-old_rice_remains
                  in_oldest_part_of_remote_region⠀⇛


                       The remains of 3,500-year-old rice were recently
                       found in Guam — making it the earliest known
                       evidence of rice in Remote Oceania.


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ Does_sunscreen_increase_the_risk_of_skin_cancer?
                  Here's_the_science⠀⇛


                       A recent anti-sunscreen narrative has swept social
                       control media claiming that sunscreen increases the
                       risk of skin cancer due to toxic chemicals, and
                       that as SPF usage has increased, so has melanomas.
                       What’s the scientific backing behind these claims?
                       Vedika Bahl talks it through in Truth or Fake.


                # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Chlorophyll_&_Collagen:_Does_Science_Back
                  TikTok's_Favorite_Supplements?⠀⇛


                       Cold, hard facts could save you money.


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ 2025-08-09_[Older]_Food_Banks_Are_Getting_Into
                  the_Controversial_Carbon_Credit_Business⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Turkey's_hazelnut_frost
                  threatens_chocolate_supply_chains⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Can’t_sleep?_Your
                  ability_to_adapt_to_shiftwork_and_the_changing_seasons_may_be
                  determined_by_your_genes⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_World’s_‘oldest
                  baby’:_what_a_30-year-old_embryo_tells_us_about_the_future_of
                  fertility⠀⇛


          o § Proprietary⠀➾


                # § Social Control Media⠀➾


                      # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_Politicians_are
                        using_social_control_media_to_campaign_–_new_research
                        tells_us_what_works_and_what_doesn’t⠀⇛


                # § Windows TCO / Windows Bot Nets⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Make Tech Easier ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_New_BYOVD
                        Attack_Can_Evade_Microsoft_Defender_and_Install
                        Ransomware_–_How_to_Protect_Yourself⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ USDOJ ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_Justice_Department
                        Announces_Coordinated_Disruption_Actions_Against
                        BlackSuit_(Royal)_Ransomware_Operations⠀⇛


          o § Security⠀➾


                # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Critical_Flaws_Patched_in_Rockwell
                  FactoryTalk,_Micro800,_ControlLogix_Products⠀⇛


                       Rockwell Automation has published several
                       advisories describing critical and high-severity
                       vulnerabilities affecting its products.


                # ⚓ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Hackers_post_stolen_St._Paul_data_online
                  as_efforts_to_reset_city_employee_passwords_surge_forward⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Korea Times ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_Korea_wins_world’s_top
                  hacking_contest_for_4th_consecutive_year⠀⇛


                # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾


                      # ⚓ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Updating:_Two_Telegram_channels
                        and_two_accounts_banned,_one_bounty_offered,_and
                        BreachForums_goes_down⠀⇛


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]
                        YouTube_Sparks_Outrage_With_AI_Age_Check_That_Scans
                        Your_Viewing_Habits_to_Decide_If_You're_an_Adult⠀⇛


                # § Confidentiality⠀➾


                      # ⚓ PC Mag ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Site_Behind_Major_SSN
                        Leak_Returns_With_Detailed_Data_on_Millions:_How_to_Opt
                        Out⠀⇛


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_South_Africa
                  Dismisses_U.S._Human_Rights_Report_as_'Deeply_Flawed'⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_East_African
                  Migrants_Drive_Surge_of_Arrivals_in_Spain's_Balearic
                  Islands⠀⇛


                # ⚓ ADF ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Ethiopia_and_Nigeria_Collaborate
                  on_African-Made_Drones⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_African_Migration_and
                  the_Violence_of_Global_Capitalism⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_South_African_court
                  orders_return_of_Zambian_leader's_body⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_South_African
                  Court_Orders_Repatriation_of_Ex-Zambian_Leader_Lungu's_Body⠀⇛


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Israel_and_U.S._Smashed_Iran_Nuclear_Site
                  That_Grew_After_Convicted_Felon_Quit_2015_Accord⠀⇛


                       Nuclear experts say the president’s rejection of
                       the restrictive deal forced him to neutralize an
                       Iranian threat of his own making.


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Germany:_1,300_Syrians
                  returned_home_since_fall_of_Assad⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_UN_Committee
                  Probes_Disappearance_of_Syrian_Man_Deported_by_Austria⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-10_[Older]_Jordan_and
                  U.S._to_Join_Meeting_on_Rebuilding_Syria⠀⇛


                # ⚓ CPJ ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Israeli_forces_chase,_hold,_and
                  shoot_at_journalists_in_southern_Syria⠀⇛


                # ⚓ HRW ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_Saudi_Arabia:_Executions_Surge_in
                  2025⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_US_doubles_bounty_on
                  Venezuela's_Maduro_to_$50_million⠀⇛


                # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Baltic_Freedom_and_Peace_Ship_celebrated_40
                        years_on⠀⇛


                             On Thursday, July 24, 2025, the 40th
                             anniversary of the remarkable voyage of
                             the ‘Baltic Freedom and Peace Ship’
                             (‘Baltijas brīvības un miera kuģis’/BBMK),
                             will be celebrated at the Latvian Occupation
                             Museum.  The seminar will be opened by the
                             Minister of Education and Science, Dace
                             Melbārde, together with the heads of the
                             embassies of Sweden and Finland.


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Ukraine_and_Alaska_—_Russian_never_again!’
                        Hundreds_of_protesters_rally_in_Anchorage_to_support
                        Kyiv_ahead_of_Trump–Putin_summit_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘A_camp,_you_could_call_it’:_Russian
                        journalists_covering_Trump–Putin_summit_bunk_in_sports
                        arena_amid_Anchorage_hotel_shortage_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Trump_discusses_prisoner_release_with
                        Lukashenko_before_Alaska_summit_with_Putin_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘There’s_no_deal_until_there’s_a_deal’:
                        After_meeting_for_nearly_three_hours_in_Alaska,_Trump
                        and_Putin_have_little_to_show_—_Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘How_is_it_that_a_war_criminal_is_actually
                        coming_to_America?’_Ukrainian_refugees_in_Alaska_on
                        Putin_coming_to_the_U.S._for_talks_with_Trump_—
                        Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Dialogue_for_the_sake_of_dialogue’:_Kremlin
                        tells_state_media_to_highlight_Putin’s_role,_lower
                        expectations,_and_blame_Ukraine_in_summit_coverage_—
                        Meduza⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_and_Putin’s_Body
                        Language_Broken_Down:_The_Showman_Versus_the_Chess
                        Player⠀⇛


                             After a tense moment during The
                             Insurrectionist and Vladimir Putin’s high-
                             stakes meeting in Alaska, a body language
                             expert spoke with The Post about what we may
                             have missed at first glance. Dr. Beth Dawson
                             broke down the exchange between Convicted
                             Felon, Putin, and reporters, in which she saw
                             “definite sign of irritation” from the world
                             leaders.


                      # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man_claims_‘great_progress’
                        in Putin_meeting —_but_holds_details_close_pending
                        calls_to_Zelensky,_European_allies⠀⇛


                             Hell Toupée proclaimed Friday he and Russian
                             President Vladimir Putin made "great
                             progress" toward ending Moscow's war on
                             Ukraine after meeting for nearly three hours
                             in Alaska — while cautioning "there's no deal
                             until there's a deal."


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Explaining_the_Roll_Cloud_Spotted_in
                  Portugal_This_Week⠀⇛


                       A “roll cloud” spotted off the coast of Portugal
                       looked like something out of a movie. Here’s the
                       science behind it.


                # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Space_capsule_carrying_ashes_of_166_people_—_and
                  cannabis_seeds_—_lost_after_crashing_into_Pacific_Ocean⠀⇛


                       The ashes were lost alongside a collection of
                       cannabis plant matter and seeds donated by a
                       citizen science project seeking to "make science
                       free again."


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Antarctica_Faces_Tense_Future_as_U.S.
                  Science_Budget_Shrinks⠀⇛


                       The continent is dedicated to research and
                       cooperation, but proposed funding cuts in the
                       Convicted Felon administration and actions by other
                       world powers may alter the environment.


                # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Heat_Kills._Cheeto
                  Mussolini_Has_Ensured_There_Will_Be_More_Victims.⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_People_Often
                  Make_Wrong_Climate_Choices,_a_Study_Says._One_Surprise_Is
                  Owning_a_Dog⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Groups_Sue
                  Cheeto_Mussolini_Agencies_for_Using_'Secret'_Report_to
                  Reverse_Core_of_US_Climate_Rules⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_FEMA_Abruptly
                  Disbands_Youth_Advisory_Council,_but_Students_Say_Their
                  Climate_Advocacy_Won't_Stop⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Extreme_heat_can_raise_newborn
                  death_risk_by_22_percent⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Truthdig ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Revealed:_How_the_Meat
                  Industry_Uses_Environmental_Groups_to_Make_Beef_Seem_Climate-
                  Friendly⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Cheeto_Mussolini_White
                  House_Elevates_Climate_“Skepticism”⠀⇛


                # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Why_are_investors
                        still_financing_fossil_fuels?⠀⇛


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Wild_salmon_are
                        the_Zendayas_of_the_fish_world_–_what_that_tells_us
                        about_conservation⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ The Conversation ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Antarctic
                        leopard_seal_‘songs’_are_surprisingly_similar_to
                        nursery_rhymes⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]
                        Hundreds_Evacuated_in_Northwestern_Turkey_as
                        Authorities_Fight_Wildfires⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ 2025-08-10_[Older]_Powerful_earthquake_hits
                        northwestern_Turkey,_one_dead_as_buildings_collapse⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Bears_escape_wildlife_park_enclosure_and
                        feast_on_week’s_worth_of_honey⠀⇛


                             The duo feasted on "a week's worth of honey."


                      # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Remembering_Scopes:_How_100-year-old
                        ‘Monkey_Trial’_helped_shape_evangelical_Christianity⠀⇛


                             During the Scopes Trial over teaching
                             evolution in public school, modern science
                             clashed with religion. Its effects helped
                             shape politics today.


                      # ⚓ Vox ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_The_Cheeto_Mussolini
                        administration_apparently_cares_about…eagles?⠀⇛


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Mark_Kapo-berg_and_Priscilla_Chan_Narrow
                  CZI’s_Focus_to_Science_Efforts [Ed: Days after doing
                  reputation laundering for one tech broligarch the New York
                  Times doing another: Kapo-berg]⠀⇛


                       The tech titan and his wife once had sprawling
                       ambitions for their Chan Kapo-berg Initiative. Now
                       their efforts in politics, education and housing
                       have been cut back to focus on science.


                # ⚓ Latvia ☛ LTV:_Government_relies_on_algorithm_to_identify
                  budget_cuts⠀⇛


                       From 439,199 euros at the Ministry of Defence to
                       23,220,238 euros at the Ministry of Transport and
                       22,389,505 euros in the Ministry of Education and
                       Science – such widely varying amounts of savings in
                       the 2026 state budget for various departments have
                       been determined by the Ministry of Finance,
                       implementing the government's decision to reduce
                       expenditures by at least 150 million euros.


                # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Extra_space_funding_approved_by_Latvian
                  government⠀⇛


                       The Latvian government has approved amendments
                       proposed by the Ministry of Education and Science,
                       providing for an additional €4.9 million investment
                       in European Space Agency (ESA) programmes, reports
                       Labs of Latvia.


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_Amid
                  Mastercard-Visa_Censorship_Fiasco,_Cheeto_Mussolini_Hits_Back
                  at_Financial_Giants_Over_'Unlawful_Banking'⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Tourism_from_Canada
                  jumps_11.8%_amid_US_boycott⠀⇛


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Air_Canada_says_it_will_begin
                  cancelling_flights_ahead_of_possible_weekend_strike⠀⇛


                # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Air
                  Canada_Strike_Chaos:_130,000_Passengers_Face_Cancellations_–
                  Your_Survival_Guide⠀⇛


                # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Canada's
                  Gildan_Activewear_Is_Buying_HanesBrands_for_$2.2_Billion⠀⇛


                # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_B.C._billionaire_wanting_Hudson's
                  Bay_leases_says_landlord_concerns_are_'misguided'⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_Cheeto_Mussolini
                  tariffs:_Did_Swiss_gold_refiners_fuel_the_crisis?⠀⇛


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ NL Times ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_14_muslim_groups_file_hate
                  speech_complaint_against_Wilders_over_election_post⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Slaying_and_Censoring
                  the_Journalists:_The_Murder_of_Anas_al-Sharif⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Project Censored ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_From_Factory_Farms_to
                  Firewalls:_Resisting_Corporate_Power⠀⇛


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ A_transformative_moment_in_American
                  journalism⠀⇛


                       The nation’s first “trial of the century” was not
                       just a conflict between science and religion.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ France24 ☛ ICC_seeks_arrest_of_two_Taliban_leaders_accused
                  of_persecution_of_women⠀⇛


                       The International Criminal Court (ICC) on Tuesday
                       issued an arrest warrant for Taliban leaders
                       Hibatullah Akhundzada, Afghanistan's Supreme
                       Leader, and Abdul Hakim Haqqani, the president of
                       the country's Supreme Court, over their role in the
                       Taliban's "persecution of Afghan girls and women"
                       by depriving them of their rights to "education,
                       private and family life, as well as their freedom
                       of movement, expression, thought, conscience and
                       religion." The Taliban responded to the accusations
                       by saying they do not recognize the ICC's
                       legitimacy.


      § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾


          o ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Once_the_genie_is_out_of_the
            bottle…⠀⇛


          o ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Epic_Scores
            Landmark_Win_Over_Apple_and_Google_in_Australia,_But_Apple_and
            Google's_Next_Move_Could_Change_Everything⠀⇛


          o ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-12_[Older]_Epic_Games_Wins
            Partial_Victory_in_Australian_Court_Against_Google_and_Apple⠀⇛


          o ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2025-08-13_[Older]_Amazon_Expands_Its
            Perishable_Delivery_Service,_Putting_Pressure_on_Traditional
            Grocers⠀⇛


          o § Patents⠀➾


                # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2025-08-08_[Older]_An_"immunogenic_composition"_is
                  not_a_vaccine_(T_0070/23)⠀⇛


                # § Kangaroo Courts⠀➾


                      # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_Divergence_between_the
                        UPC_and_EPO_on_claim_interpretation_and_description
                        definitions_(Agfa_v_Gucci,_UPC_CFI_278/2023) [Ed: UPC
                        and EPO both violate the law and both must be
                        abolished; this is corruption taking over the entire
                        patent system]⠀⇛


          o § Trademarks⠀➾


                # ⚓ IP Kat ☛ 2025-08-11_[Older]_[Guest_post]_Retromark_Volume
                  XVI:_the_last_six_months_in_trade_marks⠀⇛


    * Links_16/08/2025:_Loners_and_Vacation,_Climate_Issues
    * Links_16/08/2025:_mRNA_Being_Abandoned,_Putin_Plant_Flags_in_Alaska,
      Faces_No_Sanctions


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