𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Thursday, July 23, 2026 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Fri 24 Jul 02:49:24 BST 2026 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2026/07/23/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmbHjgPAAcGNUG9Sej4vSKhK8DfUYokfFkXLdKwr1JtGJG QmdLsuRLzrwb58dZaSmJah6oCmNNZ6cW4ick4chqJmHjmY QmTNR3uqcbMYjPAbbHjBqyNJb3ib8kytQvdFnATzkBFVvo QmfCHrqMLfMsHXYnQeAvVuNYt91Zw2AmMJ5mx4RqsrWy3b QmR2rr1yXDANjQBEz2oGtd2UMgy9U37FHdjpUhPfAk7h5z QmWE6ucdKk9Q1pi6ce3ko9xPWd9Y4BjpLij3W7tJ5TMjG3 QmaoEDiALTYYZdaq3SQ86aQpMwUji1nqCeLbXAoszFRYvJ QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s QmXZcp3rXLYa24pYd7jUu6sPDrhziRCNCok875WLJTLysP QmUE7nd24kx2soZFbSYKDsb1ik1wpirFTRTBhDTj6w9sjh QmdKeWBhfnjgQLYU48wto7DdStpXsB5mE1yEEnWcxQ53vu QmfSnnTnjcAe3YvtRsVgAwUJfpcEk1dM5J5yjJLyv7MxqM QmQ16CkpxBbMzPZ6wZcuKBUcxH1RZ8uAEhcvdBsPRpVZe9 QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X Qmdqd6mb8mj27qVvQZRR7sjshrXYYirWm9vRttLkNB5rW6 QmSjY85vxbu9nNFHUMmuK7CxRame2VYuhb523CJaK5zRkj QmZwah9nZHVvSzbJWEAMxumYDpanFPqTahnqoNP83tuZbx QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe QmcgTTyseF5zFd4MLquM4PtJZzkFcBEqaUbqDe4eaUx6Na QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Techrights - Attempts to Change Focus and Change the Subject as IBM Shares Dwindle. Buying Revenue to Mask the Rapid Decline One More Time. ⦿ Techrights - Down 848% Year-on-year, Negative Cash Flow, Growing Debt (Richest Man on the Planet or Shrewd Scammer?) ⦿ Techrights - European Patent Office (EPO) Series: A Consummate Master of the "Rigged Game" ⦿ Techrights - Freexian & Debian: antitrust, unfair competition against joint authors and volunteers ⦿ Techrights - IBM Cash "Down $6.3 Billion From Year-end 2025." Total Debt/Equity 188.97%. (Debt Can Exceed the Company's Real Value) ⦿ Techrights - IBM Falls Below $200, Expect $199 or Less Today (Panic Threshold) ⦿ Techrights - IRC Proceedings: Wednesday, July 22, 2026 ⦿ Techrights - Over at Tux Machines... ⦿ Techrights - The State of Google Security: Blocking competition ⦿ Techrights - This Looks Like the End of XBox, the Console ⦿ Techrights - Wave of PIPs Allegedly Coming to Microsoft, Managers Trained to Terminate Employees Without Paying Severance (and Without Calling it Layoffs) ⦿ Techrights - What Happens When Windows Becomes as 'Niche' as GNU/Linux on Desktops and Laptops ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Attempts_to_Change_Focus_and_Change_the_Subject_as_IBM_Shares_D.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Down_848_Year_on_year_Negative_Cash_Flow_Growing_Debt_Richest_M.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/European_Patent_Office_EPO_Series_A_Consummate_Master_of_the_Ri.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Freexian_Debian_antitrust_unfair_competition_against_joint_auth.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IBM_Cash_Down_6_3_Billion_From_Year_end_2025_Total_Debt_Equity_.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IBM_Falls_Below_200_Expect_199_or_Less_Today_Panic_Threshold.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IRC_Proceedings_Wednesday_July_22_2026.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/The_State_of_Google_Security_Blocking_competition.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/This_Looks_Like_the_End_of_XBox_the_Console.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Wave_of_PIPs_Allegedly_Coming_to_Microsoft_Managers_Trained_to_.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/What_Happens_When_Windows_Becomes_as_Niche_as_GNU_Linux_on_Desk.shtml ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/BLinks_23_07_2026_RIP_John_C_Dvorak_Organisation_Weaponised_Aga.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Gemini_Links_23_07_2026_Databases_TLGS_and_RSS_Feeds.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Gemini_Links_23_07_2026_SharePoint_Rants_and_Junk_DNA_in_Commen.shtml https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Links_23_07_2026_Science_Censorship_and_Territorial_Overreach_b.shtml ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 83 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Attempts_to_Change_Focus_and_Change_the_Subject_as_IBM_Shares_D.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Attempts_to_Change_Focus_and_Change_the_Subject_as_IBM_Shares_D.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Attempts to Change Focus and Change the Subject as IBM Shares Dwindle. Buying Revenue to Mask the Rapid Decline One More Time.⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 IBM's shares fell_to_$199_today, faster layoffs are on the way (1-on-1s reported), and IBM will borrow some more money to buy_someone_else's_revenue: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IBM Buys HRL, Shares Dwindle⦈ We'll see how much IBM's debt grew. It'll take another day or two. IBM used to be good at engineering, not financial engineering. █ * Down_848%_Year-on-year,_Negative_Cash_Flow,_Growing_Debt_(Richest_Man_on the_Planet_or_Shrewd_Scammer?) * European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_A_Consummate_Master_of_the_"Rigged Game" ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⢩⡍⣿⠉⢿⠏⢹⣿⡏⣭⢻⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⢿⠿⢿⣿⠉⣿⡏⣿⢩⡝⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠩⣍⡏⠹⢿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡏⣭⡙⡿⣿⢿⡿⡯⣽⠿⠿⣿⠿⠏⡏⢹⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠐⠖⣹⢸⣦⣾⢸⣿⡇⠶⣨⣇⢟⢸⣆⢣⣷⠨⣹⣿⠀⣶⡆⣿⢰⡜⢿⠘⠛⡟⣿⣿⡓⢂⡇⢸⡀⣇⠻⠀⡇⣿⣀⠍⣸⡪⣹⣿⡇⠟⣃⣷⠈⣆⢡⡇⣿⢸⡇⣇⡺⡃⡇⢸⡈⢅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 128 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Down_848_Year_on_year_Negative_Cash_Flow_Growing_Debt_Richest_M.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Down_848_Year_on_year_Negative_Cash_Flow_Growing_Debt_Richest_M.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Down 848% Year-on-year, Negative Cash Flow, Growing Debt (Richest Man on the Planet or Shrewd Scammer?)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 "That left Tesla with negative free cash flow of $1.1 billion, down 848 percent year-on-year. It expects spending to keep rising and exceed $25 billion for the year." -Hours_ago Latest_debt: (will soon be updated to account for the abysmal performance above) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇The tables below summarizes Tesla’s Total Debt and common size over the last four quarters⦈ Tesla as a fake "success story" (failure basically) is not a new topic for us. See for example: * Tesla_Has_Become_a_Ponzi_Scheme_or_a_'Meme_Stock' * With_Net_Income_of_One_Billion_Dollars_Tesla_Claims_It_Can_Pay_a_Fake Founder_(Who_Paid_for_This_Lie)_1,000_Billions * Tesla_Debt_Rose_Sharply,_Sales_Declined,_Wall_Street's_Claim_of_Tesla "Value"_is_Merely_a_Fairytale_(and_Not_Just_Tesla) The latest for Tesla is more of the same. █ * IBM_Falls_Below_$200,_Expect_$199_or_Less_Today_(Panic_Threshold) * Attempts_to_Change_Focus_and_Change_the_Subject_as_IBM_Shares_Dwindle. Buying_Revenue_to_Mask_the_Rapid_Decline_One_More_Time. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣿⣿⣯⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣫⣿⣹⣿⣽⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣋⣿⣙⣟⣟⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣙⣟⣟⣻⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 187 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/European_Patent_Office_EPO_Series_A_Consummate_Master_of_the_Ri.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/European_Patent_Office_EPO_Series_A_Consummate_Master_of_the_Ri.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ European Patent Office (EPO) Series: A Consummate Master of the "Rigged Game"⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 Previous Parts: 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_A_Tale_of_Two_Antónios 06-01 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_A_Tale_of_Two_Antónios_-_On_the_Campaign 06-02 Trail_in_Brussels 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_A_Tale_of_Two_Antónios_-_Introducing_the 06-03 Other_António 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_"Operation_Influencer" 06-04 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Down_But_Not_Out_–_Costa's_Comeback 06-05 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_Brotherhood_of_São_Bento 06-08 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_CIA-Funded_Centre-Left_in_Portugal 06-09 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_Centre-Right_"Social_Democratic_Party" 06-09 in_Portugal 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_Centre_(in_Portugal)_Falls_Apart… 06-11 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_Importance_of_Having_"Pals_from_the 06-12 Palacete" 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Transcending_Partisan_Rivalry_in_the 06-12 National_Interest 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_All_the_President's_Men 06-13 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Battistelli's_"Baltic_Crusader" 06-14 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_EPO's_Brussels_Liaison_Officer 06-15 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_An_Advisor_to_the_President 06-16 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_Portuguese_Prodigy 06-17 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Leveraging_the_Lusitanian_Connection 06-18 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Lobbying_in_Lisbon... 06-19 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_A_Man_With_Many_Missions... 06-22 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_London_Calling... 06-24 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Rest_and_Recuperation_on_the_Adriatic_Coast 06-26 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_"Team_Campinos"_in_Split 06-27 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Networking_With_the_National_Delegates 06-29 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Photo-Ops_Galore_and_Suspicions_of 06-30 Influence-Peddling 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Different_Strokes_For_Different_Folks 07-01 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Cutting_Ribbons_in_Sintra_While_the_EPO 07-02 Burns 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Operation_Monte_Titano:_Micro-State 07-03 Diplomacy 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Effective_Dispute_Resolution…_But_Not_For 07-06 EPO_Staff 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Czech_Mate:_EPO_Kingmaker_or_Merely_a_Pawn 07-07 in_the_Game? 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_Public_Missions_and_Private_Ambitions 07-20 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_The_EPO_Transparency_Gap 07-21 2026- European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_In_the_Pole_Position_Despite_a_Dismal_Track 07-22 Record § Part 32⠀➾ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Benoît Battistelli, António Campinos⦈ Like his predecessor and mentor Benoît Battistelli, António Campinos is an old hand at the Machiavellian political scheming which seems to infest the upper echelons of European IP regulatory authorities. His track record shows him to be a consummate master of the "rigged game". Like his predecessor and mentor Benoît Battistelli, António Campinos is an old hand at the Machiavellian political scheming which seems to infest the upper echelons of European "IP" regulatory authorities. Indeed, some would claim that his skills in this regard surpass those of his French-Corsican mentor. It's worth recalling here that Battistelli had to fight tooth and nail to get elected as President of the EPO in 2010. On that occasion there were three other candidates in the race – namely, Jesper Kongstad (Denmark), Roland Grossenbacher (Switzerland) and Susanne Sivborg (Sweden) – and the successful candidate required a three-quarters majority. With 35 member states at the time, this meant getting at least 27 votes. It took six months, four meetings of the Administrative Council during the last quarter of 2009 and the first quarter of 2010 (including one extraordinary meeting in February 2010) and twenty rounds of voting before Battistelli finally emerged as the victor. When things kicked off in June 2009, Battistelli was the chairman of the Administrative Council and Kongstad was the deputy chair. Initially Battistelli wanted to remain in his position as Council chairman which would have meant that he would have presided over a selection procedure where he was also standing as a candidate. Quite understandably this triggered objections from some delegations and in June 2009 Battistelli and Kongstad (who had also announced his interest in standing for election) were forced to step down from their respective Administrative Council roles with Alberto_Casado_Cerviño, the head of the Spanish delegation and a close ally of Battistelli, being appointed as ad interim chairman to supervise the procedure. Battistelli tried to undermine candidacy of his main "alpha-male" rival, Roland Grossenbacher, by arguing that because he came from a non-EU state he was not an appropriate choice to head the EPO at a time when it was preparing for the adoption of the EU-centric Unitary Patent regime and the associated Unified Patent Court Agreement. But these scare tactics against the Swiss candidate didn't work as intended. As a matter of fact, by October 2009, Grossenbacher had reportedly moved into the "pole position" after Battistelli and Kongstad had issued a "joint declaration" which was not viewed favourably by many of the delegations. Source: IAM But Battistelli was far from finished. He still had a few tricks up his sleeve which enabled him to outmanoeuvre his Swiss rival. With the assistance of the_notoriously_corrupt_head_of_the_Finnish_Patent Office,_Martti_Enäjärvi, he launched his "Baltic_Crusade" to secure the votes of the Baltic states. The head of the Portuguese delegation – none other than António Campinos himself – also participated in this "mission" and accompanied Battistelli during his visit to Estonia in January 2010. At the same time, Battistelli persuaded Kongstad to withdraw from the race and got Denmark to publicly endorse his (i.e. Battistelli's) candidacy. Kongstad was then allowed to resume his position as deputy (and now acting) chair of the Council thereby enabling him to preside over the remainder of the procedure which took place during an extraordinary Council meeting held on 2nd and 3rd February 2010 and the regular quarterly meeting held on 1st March 2010. Source: Battistelli-Kongstad_Pact And the rest, as they say, is history... Source: MIP Battistelli finally secured the required three-quarters majority at the 122nd Administrative Council meeting held on 1st March 2010 but getting there was a tough slog involving a lot of behind-the-scenes wheeling and dealing. In comparison to his mentor Battistelli, António Campinos had a much smoother ride when he secured his appointment as President of the Alicante-based EU trademark agency OHIM in 2010. The full story behind that appointment has never really been told until now. It is necessary to read between the lines of the contemporaneous reports and join the dots in order to fully appreciate the masterstroke which Campinos managed to pull off on that occasion. The short version here is that the Management Board of the OHIM chaired by António Campinos met on 12th and 13th April 2010 to draw up a shortlist of candidates to be forwarded to the Council of the European Union for decision. After deliberation and one round of eliminatory votes the Management Board drew up a list with a single name on it. That name was none other than … wait for it … António Campinos! 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇official OHIM document summarising the decisions taken by the Administrative Board⦈ Extract from the official OHIM document summarising the decisions taken by the Administrative Board during its 39th Meeting which took place in Alicante on 12th and 13th April 2010. Source: OHIM Not even his mentor Battistelli had managed to pull off such an impressive tour de_force. As we saw above, when the French-Corsican despot tried to preside over the procedure to select a new EPO President he was forced to step down as Council chairman and let an interim chairman take over after which he had to submit to a protracted competitive selection process against three rival candidates. It's worth recalling that at the time of Battistelli's election, Campinos was the Portuguese delegate on the EPO's Administrative Council. It is possible that he may have drawn some lessons from the experience of the long-drawn-out procedure at the EPO which, in_the_words_of_IPKat, made the Administrative Council look "increasingly ridiculous". In any event, when it subsequently came to securing his own appointment as President of the OHIM, Campinos showed that he was a consummate master of the "rigged game" and that his skills in this regard surpassed those of his mentor Battistelli. In the next part we will take a closer look at this audacious masterstroke of the "Portuguese_Pretender" as we explore the finer details of the trick with the "single-candidate shortlist". █ * Attempts_to_Change_Focus_and_Change_the_Subject_as_IBM_Shares_Dwindle. 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢀⢁⣠⣈⡈⠿⢿⣿⣯⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠆⠆⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠃⢲⡃⠀⠀⠀⢱⠆⠽⣿⣿⠀⢀⣀⣀⢀⡀⣀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⡖⠐⢃⣀⠀⣀⠋⠐⣾⣿⣿⠏⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠋⠏⠛⠛⠛⠫⠟⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠍⣈⣁⡀⣶⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣠⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣀⣀⣀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠁⠀⠀⠉⢉⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⡁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠈⠉⠈⠉⠀⠉⠀⢀⠈⠁⡃⠈⡁⢀⡉⢁⢈⡁⢈⣉⣉⢁⣀⣀⣈⢀⣀⡉⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⡅⠁⠉⠀⠉⠹⠋⠀⠁⠁⠀⠘⠁⠉⠁⠉⠁⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠙⠫⠋⠉⠉⠿⠈⠀⠛⠉⠉⠉⠈⡏⠉⠘⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣖⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠟⠛⠋⠛⠛⠙⠛⠙⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠟⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠙⠛⠻⠟⠙⠛⠛⠙⠛⠋⠋⠋⠉⠉⠛⠙⡏⠋⠋⠛⠋⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣤⣤⣄⣄⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠿⠋⠋⠉⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣿⠶⢶⣷⡾⢷⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣵⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣾⣧⣷⣾⣿⣾⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⡶⢶⣷⣿⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⠾⣶⣶⣷⢾⣷⡶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⡾⠴⢾⣶⣷⠾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⡀⠀⢀⢁⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⣀⡀⢀⠀⡀⡀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣀⢀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣄⢀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⢽⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⡀⣀⣈⠀⣀⢀⡀⡈⢀⡀⣀⢀⣀⡀⠀⡀⣀⡀⡀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⡀⣀⣀⡀⢀⢀⡀⣀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⣀⡀⣀⢀⢀⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠻⠿⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⡿⠿⡿⢻⠿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠟⠿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⢻⠿⠻⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⡀⣁⡀⣀⡀⠀⣼⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠹⠀⢀⠁⣀⡀⠀⠄⢀⡀⠀⠅⡀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣄⣀⣀⣀⢘⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣅⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡷⠿⢿⣿⠿⢿⠿⣿⠿⡿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⡁⢀⠀⢀⡀⠀⡀⠫⠀⡀⠤⠀⣄⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣨⠀⠠⠀⢀⣀⣀⣠⣀⠀⣀⠀⢀⠀⠙⣇⣀⠇⢀⣀⢂⠀⠀⠄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⡀⡀⠀⣀⡀⣀⠀⢂⣀⠴⠀⢀⣠⣽⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⢀⣀⢀⢀⢀⢇⣄⠀⢀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣂⣀⣀⣄⣠⣀⣀⢀⡉⣀⣀⣀⣆⣀⣠⣀⣠⣠⣠⢀⣠⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣐⣄⣀⣀⣃⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⡀⢤⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⡀⣀⡀⣠⣠⣤⣠⣀⣠⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 547 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Freexian_Debian_antitrust_unfair_competition_against_joint_auth.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Freexian_Debian_antitrust_unfair_competition_against_joint_auth.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Freexian & Debian: antitrust, unfair competition against joint authors and volunteers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 Reprinted with permission from Daniel_Pocock. 19:30 Tue, 21 Jul 2026 In a previous report, we looked at how Raphael_Hertzog_wrote_an_advocacy_for his_wife,_Sophie_Brun,_without_declaring_two_significant_conflicts_of_interest. Not only are they husband and wife, they are also business partners in the company Freexian_SARL. The advocacy email included Sophie's Freexian email address. Some people know Raphael_Hertzog has some connection with Freexian, which he founded and when they see Sophie's email address, they will realise there is some connection. Nonetheless, the inclusion of Sophie's email address at Freexian is not the same as a declaring they are a married couple running a business together. If Debian is going to be honest with our community and our values then we need to declare things like that. § Legal framework for handling cults in France⠀➾ In 2000, the French parliament passed the About-Picard_Law_2001 to criminalise some of the most extreme cases of exploitation and brainwashing. In 2024, a new law was created for_defence_against_extremist_groups_and_support for_victims. The use of public humiliations and Code_of_Conduct_gaslighting means that Debianism is a form of cult under French law. § Australian Rugby team stayed near Freexian⠀➾ French business records show us that Freexian_SARL is located just north of Saint-Etienne. That is a small city about an hour away from Lyon. I felt that detail in the story is important for another reason. When the rugby team from Australia plays in France, for example, at the recent Rugby World Cup 2023, they stay_in_Saint_Galmier, which is immediately to the north of Freexian. Remember, the former captain of Australian Rugby is Senator_David_Pocock_and people_frequently_ask_if_he_is_related_to_me. When rogue Debianists attacked my family, was it inspired by resentment of Australia's rugby team? § History of Freexian antitrust behaviour and unfair competition in business⠀➾ In the United States, unfair business practices are prosecuted under criminal law. This is referred to as antitrust law in America or anti-competitive behaviour or unfair trading in Australia. In France these are civil law disputes. In the French language, the term concurrence deloyale is used to describe antitrust behaviour. In 1999, we found examples of Raphael_Hertzog helping to recruit Decklin Foster, one of the developers who subsequently disappeared. Decklin_Foster was also employed at ActBlue, the fundraising platform for the US_Democrats, which is currently facing various_scandals_in_Washington. In 2005, Raphael_Hertzog founded Freexian_SARL. The brief history of the corporation is available from_the_French_government business_directory. A more complete history is available at_INPI. The same year, there was a Debianism weekend at TU Darmstadt, a German university, where_unpaid_developers_had_to_sleep_on_the_desks. Yet some businesses like Freexian_SARL seem to be getting money out of Debianism. There is a public list_of_participants. We can see that both Raphael_Hertzog and one of the confirmed suicide victims, Frans_Pop were both at the same work weekend. Was Raphael_Hertzog one of the people sleeping on a table? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Frans Pop, Debian, modern slavery, TU Darmstadt⦈   In this email from 2005, Raphael_Hertzog is using the organisation name "Debian" in the message headers and he is using the names "Ouaza" and "Freexian" in the message signature at the bottom. In other words, he uses the names of these organisations interchangeably. He is exerting influence over other volunteers who are not employees of his company: Subject: Re: WTF: Debian security, ex. Linux kernel vulnerabilities Date: Wed, 21 Sep 2005 08:41:50 +0200 From: Raphael Hertzog Organization: Debian To: Martin Schulze CC: security@debian.org, leader@debian.org, debian-private@lists.debian.org Le mardi 20 septembre 2005 à 16:21 +0200, Martin Schulze a écrit : > The proper contact would be the security team. Hi Joey, I understand that it's difficult to respond to such aggressive mails. However I believe that the concerns raised are reasonnable. Andreas he's not the first one detecting very big delays in security updates. We have all read your various blog posts when you had troubles with the infrastructure in june... and you're aware that the delays have been recently mentionned on a LWN article (and now the infrastructure should be working fine). It looks like the security team has a real problem in manpower (even if several people are listed on the team, we need more people which stay active like you do). And I don't see any evidence that work is done to resolve this problem. Please take a few minutes to explain what's planned to fix the various issues and don't hesitate to ask for help, we have plenty of people willing to help (maybe you can find skilled volunteers among the secure-testing team?). Cheers, -- Raphaël Hertzog -+- http://www.ouaza.com Freexian : des développeurs Debian au service des entreprises http://www.freexian.com Throughout the life of this business, Raphael_Hertzog has been using the non- profit Debian infrastructure to promote the business in various ways. For example, Freexian_monthly_reports_are_cross-posted_on_Planet.debian.org, there is_a_Freexian_group_in_the_Salsa_Git_hosting_environment, there_is_a_Freexian tag_in_bits.debian.org. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Freexian SARL, Salsa, Debian⦈   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Freexian SARL, Bits, Debian⦈   In 2006, there were widespread news reports about the_DebConf_fight. The leader of Debianism was AJ_Towns. He sent a report identifying Holger_Levsen as the prime suspect: Subject: Events at the DebConf Dinner Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 10:41:19 -0500 From: Anthony_Towns To: debian-private@lists.debian.org CC: ted@reactor-core.org Hi, As promised, details from the dinner: Ted was seen walking ... [ ... snip ... ] As I understand it, Amaya_Rodrigo_Sastre asked Fabio who the lady was, and was led to believe that she was a prostitute. [ ... snip ... ] One of the volunteers, Ana_Guerrero, spoke to Hilda and suggested that it might be a good idea for her to leave. [ ... snip ... ] ... and the question of whether she was or was not a prostitute was not raised. As I understand it, at this point Hilda did leave, however was encouraged to return by Ted and his long-time friend and co-worker, John_Sokol, a former developer of 386BSD and an attendee at DebConf. At some point, I believe shortly after she returned, some attendees then decided that it would be all right if she stayed, but Ted left. At this point Holger and Moray, as mentioned above, manhandled Ted across the dining hall to the door, where they were intercepted by John. At this point the rest of the attendees noticed that something was going on, and a group gathered around ... [ ... snip ... ] at which point Ted told him to "Get off me you fucking Nazi". [ ... snip ... ] I escorted Ted and Hilda back to their seats to separate them from the other attendees who were clearly angry, and tried to determine what was going on. At about this time, Amaya and Fabio had a heated argument in Spanish, which Amaya later indicated involved Fabio claiming that Hilda was not a prostitute, and that he had never said anything that should give that impression. I also spoke with Moray and Holger, who by this time were talking with Bdale and some other developers who hadn't been involved, and indicated that grabbing people to throw them out of the room was entirely wrong. At this point they both remained extremely angry at the situation, and had very little to say. I don't believe resorting to violence is remotely appropriate within Debian, and had the opportunity to speak further about this with Moray this morning, and hope to have a similar opportunity to speak with Holger shortly. [ ... snip ... ] The report indicates that Holger_Levsen was the front man for the mob that rose up against Ted_Walther. The report leaves out one key detail: Amaya_Rodrigo_Sastre, who was present at the moment the rumour started about Ted_Walther bringing a prostitute to the dinner, was actually sleeping with Holger_Levsen. This is a common pattern throughout the history of Debianism, the girlfriends are there to start gossip and the boyfriends get worked up into a rage and attack people to please their girlfriends. Holger_Levsen goes on to become one of the key figures in the founding of Debian_LTS with Freexian. Shortly after this, at RMLL in 2006, a group of Debian Developers (joint authors) living in France or having a strong connection to France decided to form a local non-profit association under French law. The name of the association is simply Debian_France. In 2009, Raphael_Hertzog and Sophie_Brun_Hertzog had their first baby at the onset of the Debian_pregnancy_cluster. As part of the annual Debianism election process, Enrico_Zini_asks_each candidate: Please write a list of 5 Debian Developers you would like to kick out of the project. Enrico_Zini becomes known as an attack dog who is used to spread rumours and inflict punishments on other volunteers. He is eventually rewarded with a contract from Freexian after attacking me on multiple occasions. Think about it for a moment, if your dog bites five people, the authorities are going to have it put down. When Enrico_Zini wants to hit people with a hammer, they start talking about whether to use a big hammer or a little hammer. On 15 August 2010, the night before the Debian Day anniversary, Frans_Pop_sends his_resignation_/_suicide_note_to_debian-private. On 17 April 2011, on the same day Carla and I got married Adrian_von_Bidder- Senn died in Switzerland and it was discussed like a suicide. Read the detailed history_of_the_death. This death marks a significant step change in the rudeness of certain people towards my family and I, leading to various plots and conspiracies in the years that followed the death. Think about how horrible it is to recall a suicide like this on your wedding anniversary each year. On 5 May 2011, Raphael_Hertzog registered the domain name debian-handbook.info and began using the name in his email signature. Nobody has ever made any dispute about this domain name but they viciously attack other people who register domain names for our Debian work. Here is an example of Raphael_Hertzog interacting with Dropbox about secretly putting binaries into user home directories. The email has his domain name debian-handbook.info at the bottom. Subject: [rian@dropbox.com: Re: Dropbox Debian Package] Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2011 10:45:52 +0200 From: Raphael Hertzog To: debian-private@lists.debian.org [ ObPrivate: I'm sharing a private mail that I don't want to post publicly. ] Hello, when I packaged nautilus-dropbox, I patched it so that the non-free software is downloaded and installed in /var/lib/dropbox instead of ~/.dropbox-dist/. Upsream is unhappy with this because it means they cannot auto-update the version of dropbox on user's system. I have argued using several arguments: first it was not compliant with the FHS, that software ought to be installed by the admin and run by the user, and that software should not change without the user's consent. I added that duplicating the binaries on each user's account was non-optimal. I also said that it was not good security wise to have the binaries owned by the user. I might have been a bit quick in asserting that. In any case, I wonder what other people think, am I right in persisting that the official Debian package should not allow auto-update of the software by installing a copy in $HOME by default? If yes, what other arguments would you bring forward to convince them given the response they made to me so far? Cheers, PS: The attached mail should never be disclosed. -- Raphaël Hertzog ◈ Writer/Consultant ◈ Debian Developer Pre-order a copy of The Debian Administrator's Handbook and help liberate it: http://debian-handbook.info/go/ulule-rh/ In 2012, Raphael_Hertzog became president of the non-profit association Debian France. He had this role at the same time that he was running his private company using the Debian trademark. Both the private company and the non-profit association were using the trademark without permission from the wider body of joint authors. This is one of many examples of the French developers simply going out and doing something spontaneously without waiting for authorisation. Sylvestre_Ledru, who is connected with Mozilla, was elected as treasurer. In 2013, Raphael_Hertzog and Sophie_Brun_Hertzog had their second baby. In the same year, French developer Lucas_Nussbaum was elected for a one year term as leader of Debianism. Immediately after being elected, Lucas_Nussbaum announced he was taking a vacation by sending an email to the debian-private (leaked) gossip network. Of particular interest in the scandal about Debian_France and Debian_LTS, we can see the trademark@debian.org email address is also on CC: Subject: [VAC] 28/04 -> 04/05, French Alps Date: Fri, 26 Apr 2013 19:15:09 +0200 From: Lucas_Nussbaum To: debian-private@lists.debian.org CC: trademark@debian.org Hi, I'm taking a little break next week. I'll read email at least once every two days and deal with the urgent things, but I'll postpone non-urgent things until after that. I offer beer + key-signing to anyone willing to visit, but be warned that this involves 1.5 hour of ski touring to reach where I'll be staying. (GPS:_45.549,_6.918) Lucas -- Please respect the privacy of this mailing list. Some posts may be declassified 3 years after posting as per http://www.debian.org/vote/2005/vote_002 Archive: file://master.debian.org/~debian/archive/debian-private/ To UNSUBSCRIBE, use the web form at . He shares his GPS coordinates in the email to debian-private. For all those spreading conspiracy fact about military infiltration of Debianism, could this be the proof? In January 2014, Red_Hat announced they had acquired CentOS and given jobs to the CentOS developers. This created a motive for people to provide a service similar to RHEL and CentOS but based on Debian. Shortly after that, the leader of Debianism, Lucas_Nussbaum, asked Debian France, FFIS_(Germany) and debian.ch_(Switzerland) to respond to questions about their status under the wider Debian constitution. On 14 Febuary 2014, Raphael_Hertzog, in his role as president of the non-profit Debian_France, began sending responses on behalf of the non-profit. His_email does_not_explain_anything_about_his_private_Debian_business and the relationships between the private entity, the non-profit entity and the Debian Developers who simultaneously have roles in more than on organisation. Somebody who follows Debianism closely will look at that email and understand there are some conflicts of interest. Somebody external to the organisation or somebody reading these documents in the distant future may not be aware of the conflicts of interest. That is why it is vital for the conflicts of interest to be repeated in each critical piece of correspondence where they are relevant. In this case, with the leader of Debianism also being a French person and likely member of the Debian_France association that was under scrutiny, it may have been better for Lucas_Nussbaum to delegate the examination of the relationships to another subordinate who is well outside the clique of French developers. In early 2014, the_Freexian_web_site_begins_promoting_a_service_called_Debian LTS. The name of the service Debian LTS is clearly based on the Debian trademark. There is no record of any authorization for Freexian_SARL to use the trademark like this. Raphael_Hertzog began using the trademark like this for his private business Freexian_SARL at exactly the same time he was acting on behalf of the non- profit association Debian_France in their negotiations about using the trademark in the name Debian_France, becoming a "Trusted Organisation" and handling assets on behalf of the global body of joint authors. He was aware of various discussions about the strengths and weaknesses of the strategy joint authors had developed for protecting the trademark. Raphael_Hertzog was privy to private discussions about the rights of individual joint authors and third party organisations wanting to use the trademark for economic benefit. At exactly the same time those discussions were taking place, he cleverly designed the Debian LTS service name and began using it to entice other organisations to sign contracts with his external business. On 14 April 2014, the French developer Lucas_Nussbaum was elected for a second year as leader of Debianism. On 12 May 2014, the Debian Project News email is distributed by French developer Cédric_Boutillier. These newsletters are distributed very widely to people who don't subscribe to the email discussion lists. Cédric_Boutillier includes comments about Freexian's project Debian_LTS: Subject: Debian Project News - May 12, 2014 Date: Mon, 12 May 2014 22:27:19 +0200 From: Cédric_Boutillier To: debian-news@lists.debian.org ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The Debian Project http://www.debian.org/ Debian Project News debian-publicity@lists.debian.org May 12, 2014 http://www.debian.org/News/weekly/2014/08/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to this year's eighth issue of DPN, the newsletter for the Debian community. Topics covered in this issue include: * Debian members vote to accept a code of conduct * Registration open for DebConf14 * SPARC removed from Jessie * Promising future for Debian in embedded systems * Bits from the Release Team * Bits from the systemd + GNOME sprint * Other news * Upcoming events * New Debian Contributors * Important Debian Security Advisories * New and noteworthy packages * Work-needing packages * Want to continue reading DPN? Debian members vote to accept a code of conduct ----------------------------------------------- Just after the election of the Debian Project Leader, Debian members were called by Kurt Roeckx [1], Debian secretary, to vote on a general resolution for a code of conduct proposed by Wouter Verhelst. This code of conduct [2] promoting respect, good faith, collaboration, conciseness and openness has been adopted by Debian Members [3]. It can be modified via further general resolutions. More details about the results of this vote can be found on the page of the website dedicated to this general resolution [4]. 1: https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2014/04/msg00004.html 2: http://www.debian.org/code_of_conduct 3: https://lists.debian.org/20140428213635.GA10933@roeckx.be 4: http://www.debian.org/vote/2014/vote_002 [ ... snip ... ] Bits from the Release Team -------------------------- Regular security support for Debian GNU/Linux 6.0, "squeeze", will be terminated [17] on May 31, 2014. A new suite named "squeeze-lts" and containing only two architectures, i386 and amd64, will be made available with support extended until February 2016 to provide a five year support cycle. A reminder that the scheduled freeze date [18] for Jessie has been set for six months from now on Wednesday, November 5, 2014. In the same message, Niels Thykier reported on the Release Team's architecture meeting [19], held on April 12, 2014, about the status of the architectures and considering their suitability for Jessie. Recursive auto-removals have returned, with warnings to the maintainers of the involved packages prior to removal. 17: https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2014/msg00082.html 18: https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2013/10/msg00004.html 19: https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2014/05/msg00000.html Bits from the systemd + GNOME sprint ------------------------------------ Jordi Mallach sent bits [20] from the Debian sprint where the Debian GNOME core team and systemd Debian maintainer gathered in Antwerp, Belgium. Over two days, the ten participants discussed a variety of topics to do with systemd and GNOME integration in Debian. After some improvement in the packaging workflow for systemd, version 208 of systemd has been uploaded to experimental. The GNOME team initiated several transitions, improved the status of GNOME 3.12 in Debian [21], and discussed the feasibility of having Debian Jessie shipped with 3.14. The participants also jointly discussed how to configure and start display managers, and may have come to a working solution to this problem, which is complicated by the number of packages providing display managers and init systems. They also used this opportunity to sign new, stronger GnuPG keys in order to help the effort to abandon older and weaker keys [22]. The participants thank the sponsors, most notably INUITS, which provided the venue, and Debian and its donors for covering the travel expenses for five of the attendees. A few of the attendees were kindly sponsored by their employers. 20: https://lists.debian.org/20140501232614.GA29827@oskuro.net 21: http://www.0d.be/debian/debian-gnome-3.12-status.html 22: https://lists.debian.org/20140303181359.GA68761@gwolf.org [ ... snip ... ] On 27 May 2014, Axel_Beckert_(XTaran) creates a section in the official Debian wiki server for Freexian SARL's "Debian LTS" service (wiki_log). In 2014, Linuxhotel, which is closely aligned with the FSFE_misfits, began giving money to Freexian_SARL. In fact, Linuxhotel_appears_to_be_one_of_the founding_sponsors_of_Debian_LTS. On 16 June 2014, the Debian_Publicity_Team publishes an announcement on the high-profile Debian web site where they promote the Freexian company: For organizations that cannot contribute their own workforce to the LTS team, Freexian — a French company owned by Debian Developer Raphaël Hertzog — offered to act as an intermediary between organizations interested in funding LTS work, and individual Debian contributors preparing LTS security updates. For more information, see Freexian's description of their proposal. In the same announcement, they pretend that Debian_LTS is being created by volunteers. We would like to thank the volunteers who joined the LTS team On 8 July 2014, Lucas_Nussbaum, in his role as leader of Debianism, publishes an email with a list of four non-profit associations authorised to hold money and other assets on behalf of Debianism. The Debian_France association is included on the list. In November 2014, Raphael_Hertzog admits that the Code of Conduct is used for censorship. When people ask questions about Freexian_SARL business practices with the Debian trademark / Debian LTS service name, the developers paid by Raphael_Hertzog can start a pestering campaign sending messages to "debian- moderation". Subject: Host COC related discussions on a new list Date: Wed, 26 Nov 2014 09:37:50 +0100 From: Raphael_Hertzog To: Miriam_Ruiz CC: debian-private@lists.debian.org Hi, On Tue, 25 Nov 2014, Miriam_Ruiz wrote: > We seem to be moving in circles, with the same arguments and > contra-arguments all the time. The current recursive pattern we are > having is: Indeed, let's see if we can improve this. For example by moving COC-related discussion to a new list nicknamed debian-moderation@lists.debian.org. > a) Person X says something inappropriate, without consciously wanting > to offend or without acknowledge that whatever they say might be > offended > b) Person Y complains about it and say that it's not appropriate That person Y would reply privately to the person and put debian-moderation@lists.debian.org in copy. If enough persons do the same, X is more likely to apologize. > c) Either person X apologizes or a significant number of other people > acknowledge that it was indeed inappropriate, then try to turn page > ang move on > d) Other people become upset that person X's comment was critisized > and turn the debate into an abstract discussion about censorship At the same time, if we have other people who dislike the message of Y, because they don't agree, the discussion would stay on debian-moderation (or more likely there would be no discussion at all because those persons are unlikely to subscribe to debian-moderation at all). What do you think ? debian-moderation@lists.debian.org would only allow subscriptions by Debian contributors (to avoid external trolls). It could be watched by listmasters to send official warnings when they see someone has gone too far. I'm not sure about the archives. I would like to keep them public but I'm not convinced that it's necessarily a good idea. Cheers, -- Raphaël Hertzog ◈ Debian Developer Support Debian LTS: http://www.freexian.com/services/debian-lts.html Learn to master Debian: http://debian-handbook.info/get/ -- Please respect the privacy of this mailing list. Some posts may be declassified 3 years after posting as per http://www.debian.org/vote/2005/vote_002 Archive: file://master.debian.org/~debian/archive/debian-private/ To UNSUBSCRIBE, use the web form at . On 29 January 2015, an official meeting of Freexian was conducted. The minutes were filed with the local tribunal and they are available_here. The first thing to note is the appointment of Sophie_Brun_Hertzog as a director. Notice that here she is using her married name while in Debianism she is one of the women deceiving people with the_use_of_her_maiden_name. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Sophie Brun Hertzog, Debian, Freexian, Director⦈   The second thing to note from the meeting minutes is the fact these people are paying themselves a salary and giving themselves five weeks paid vacation each year. Remember the people who killed themselves? Remember the people sleeping on_the_desks_at_TU_Darmstadt? Did they ever get a vacation or were they victims of exploitation? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Raphaël Hertzog, Sophie Brun Hertzog, Debian, Freexian, Director, Salary, Vacation⦈   In 2015, Raphael_Hertzog ceased being president of the non-profit Debian_France and became an ordinary member of the board. Nicolas_Dandrimont became the new president of the non-profit association. In 2015, Sophie_Brun_Hertzog left her career as an industrial engineer and began working in technology as part of her husband's company Freexian. In October 2015, Chris_Lamb begins receiving_payments_from_Raphael_Hertzog_and Freexian. Another blog post from Hertzog tells us they_pay_people_EUR_75_per_hour. The blog post alerts us to various concerns about the way Debianism has fallen into disrepute. Hertzog states that to receive money, "you are Debian Developer or a Debian Maintainer". In other words, they realize they can negatively impact somebody's economic situation by disparaging their ability as a Debian Developer. The same checklist states: you must respect the Debian code of conduct and respond to queries about your work from fellow community members; The implication is that Debian's Code_of_Conduct_gaslighting requires unpaid volunteers to be available twenty four hours per day, seven days per week or they will impede your employability. This is a form of blackmail that enables modern_slavery. When people talk about the Code of Conduct gaslighting in Debianism, they try to imitate the language of professional organisations but what they are really telling us is that we are not allowed to ask questions about money. In other words, when this Code_of_Conduct_gaslighting arises, both Debianism and Freexian end up in violation of the French criminal code in respect of cult-like organisations. Under copyright law, all joint authors are entitled to an equal share of every donation. We are all entitled to see accounts for the donations received, including the names of the donors. All those details are hidden from us. From time to time, emails like this appear from joint authors who are blissfully unaware of what is really happening with the money: Subject: Debian funding model Date: Thu, 26 Nov 2015 12:34:26 +0800 From: Paul_Wise Organization: Debian To: debian-private On Wed, 2015-11-25 at 22:35 -0200, Thadeu_Lima_de_Souza_Cascardo wrote: > The Conservancy has been put in this critical situation because they > depended on companies (or their surrogate) for funding. I wonder what Debian's current funding model is; clearly we have both corporate funding (mostly of DebConf) and individual donations, but I wonder what the proportion is, whether we should be shifting more of that towards funding based on individual supporters and what the consequences of a shift towards that could be and how it could work. Could the auditors or DPL comment on this? -- bye, pabs https://wiki.debian.org/PaulWise In June 2016, people begin a campaign of defamation against Dr_Jacob_Appelbaum. Of particular note was an email that Enrico_Zini sent to a journalist demanding that news reports should not question the credibility of the gossip and they should present the gossip as fact. The defamation conspiracy was so intense that people vandalised Dr_Jacob Appelbaum's home in Berlin. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Jacob Appelbaum, graffiti, rapist⦈   Paul_Tagliamonte suggested using the Debian Press Team / Debian Publicity Team gangsters to spread the defamation as far as possible. Notice how Tagliamonte is always top-posting in this email thread. This is against the convention of replying in-line that is normally followed in Debianism. The top-posting is often a sign that somebody is sending the emails from a mobile device while at their workplace. In the case of Paul_Tagliamonte, his workplace was the White House. This is significant because Freexian subsequently employees a member of the Debian Publicity Team who they can use as a weapon of defamation against commercial rivals. Subject: Re: Expulsion of Jacob Appelbaum Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2016 07:37:43 -0400 From: Paul R. Tagliamonte To: Russell Coker CC: Debian Private List Seems like a thing the Press team could help coordinate. On Jun 21, 2016 7:27 AM, "Russell Coker" wrote: http://www.itwire.com/business-it-news/open-source/73441-appelbaum-banned- from-debian-events-after-sexual-misconduct-charges.html Well the DPL has decided to go public about it after all. In future I think it would be better to have a plan for these things. To have an argument on this list about whether information should be released while the DPL is sending it all to a journalist isn't the way things should go. On 21 June 2016 8:57:56 PM AEST, Jonathan Dowland wrote: >Please do not CC me, I am subscribed to the list. > >On Tue, Jun 21, 2016 at 08:04:01PM +1000, Russell Coker wrote: >> Mattia suggests that it's already public that he was expelled for >anyone who >> knows how to interpret it. >> >> Why can't we just state it outright instead of leaving clues in >Wikipedia? >> The social contract says that we won't hide problems. Why are we >trying to >> hide this problem? > >I don't think Debian has taken ownership of whatever is written on >Wikipedia, >but we certainly aren't hiding it: It's there on the NM page in plain >sight. >There's a big difference between hiding something and making an active >effort >to draw attention to it. > >The action that has been taken has been for the sake of the safety and >well >being of other Debian members, NOT as some kind of white-knight >publicity >stunt. There's no *need* to shout it from the rooftops as that does not >further the former goal. -- Sent from my Samsung Galaxy Note 3 with K-9 Mail. Here is one of the messages that Enrico_Zini sent to a journalist: Subject: On coverage of Abbelbaum being "banned" from Debian Date: Wed, 22 Jun 2016 09:34:50 +0200 From: Enrico Zini To: andrew.matler@itwire.com CC: debian-private@lists.debian.org Dear Editor in Chief of iTWire, you may want to do something about this article by Sam Varghese on Debian revoking membership of Jacop Appelbaum: http://www.itwire.com/business-it-news/open-source/73441-appelbaum-banned-from- debian-events-after-sexual-misconduct-charges.html While the first part is factually correct in its DPL quote, the article ends with baseless hints of Debian and Tor having fallen victims to manipulations by GCHQ psyops. [ ... snip ... ] In October 2016, Nicolas_Dandrimont, who was both president of the non-profit Debian_France and an administrator in Google_Summer_of_Code and Outreachy ask me to consider his partner, who appears to be a much younger man undergoing transgender conversion, as a candidate for_the_paid_Outreachy_internship,_this was_the_Debian_Paris_love_nest_scandal. Obviously there are huge ethical concerns in offering diversity money and status in the community to a young man as they are considering a gender change. It is not clear if the scandal was known througout all of the Debian_France_board_of_2016, which included Raphael Hertzog. In April 2017, Chris_Lamb was elected leader of Debianism. Throughout the time Chris_Lamb was director of Debianism, he was also receiving payments from Freexian_SARL. Here is a_report_from_April_2017,_the_month_where he_was_elected. People seemed to know they were voting for an employee of Freexian to be leader of Debianism. Here is an_example_of_a_report_from December_2017_where_Freexian_SARL_admits_paying_Lamb_for_13_hours_work_in October_2017. For January 2018, they_report_paying_Lamb_for_18_hours_work. Similar reports are available for other months. On 25 April 2017, one week after Chris_Lamb was elected leader of Debianism, the fellowship elected_me_as_their_representative_to_the_Free_Software Foundation_Europe_in_Berlin. The date is significant because it is ANZAC_Day. In the world of Debianism, there seemed to be significant resentment on the part of Chris_Lamb because his ego could not tolerate the fact that another Debian Developer had been elected into a significant leadership role at exactly the same time as his election. At the same time, I was employed by one company in the UK and I was also running another company based in the UK. The UK was still part of the European Union. My employer, the other company and Raphael_Hertzog's company Freexian SARL were competitors. Immediately after the Debianists elected Chris_Lamb as the leader, Jeremy Bicha, who was on parole for child sex and incest, had the confidence to request permission to become a Debian Developer too. As described in a dedicated reported on the subject nobody_expressed_any_concerns_about_that_guy and_his_history. In May 2017, Chris_Lamb and I both went to the OSCAL conference in Tirana, Albania for the first time. The OSCAL conferences were run on weekends as a social / hobbyist activity. It was a very relaxed event and one of the Albanian organisers, Elio_Qoshi, who was 24 years old, brought his girlfriend. I only discovered about this a few months later: the girlfriend was only 15 or 16 years old. Here is a picture where Freexian employee/contractor Chris_Lamb and Elio_Qoshi are pictured together at the Red_Hat table. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Elio Qoshi, Brian Exelbierd bex, Justin W Flory, Justin W Wheeler, Jona Azizaj, Giannis Konstantinidis, Chris Lamb, Fedora, Red Hat, booth, OSCAL, Open Labs, Tirana, Albania, 2017⦈   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Chris Lamb, Elio Qoshi, Jeremy Bicha, Debian, Registered Sex Offender⦈   Here is that picture of ex-Prince_Andrew, Jeffrey_Epstein and Lord_Mandelson together in their bathrobes. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Prince Andrew, Jeffrey Epstein, Lord Mandelson⦈   I think it was July 2017 when other women told me about the underage_scandal. Another few weeks later, the man responsible, Elio_Qoshi, resigned from his role as a Fedora ambassador. Red_Hat, who are responsible for Fedora, did not give any warning about the situation to other volunteers. See the reports about the Albanian_female_whistleblowers for more details about how the scandal was exposed. In September 2017, we received the black_cat_harassment_judgment_in_favour_of our_cats. This was about paw behaviour. In Zurich a dispute like this is normally a private matter but rogue_Debianists started spreading rumours about harassment. In November 2017, I moved from Zurich, in the German-speaking part of Switzerland to Lausanne in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. While I am a native English speaker, my knowledge of French is better than my knowledge of German. My home in Lausanne was much closer to the headquarters of Freexian_SARL in Saint-Étienne, France. Looking at the map, we can see how the business centres of Lyon and Geneva are very close to each other. Consultants and small businesses from cities throughout the region are competing against each other for the same pool of clients. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Daniel Pocock, Raphael Hertzog, Saint-Étienne, Lyon, Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland⦈   Freexian_SARL has a lot of French clients in the region and they also recruited some clients in Switzerland, including CERN, Wingo, Roche and Adfinis AG, a notable Red_Hat partner. Various leaks show that Chris_Lamb, an employee or subcontractor of Freexian SARL began engaging in antitrust or unfair trade practices. The relationship between joint authors of Debian is a peer to peer relationship. The Debian Project Leader, who was Chris_Lamb, does not pay us and therefore does not have any right to give orders to the rest of us. Nonetheless, Chris_Lamb would regularly impose upon people and he would spread defamatory rumours about people who refused to obey him. In January 2018, I went to St-Cergue for the event Rencontres_Hivernales_du Libre. This annual event is in a mountain village just north of Geneva. I think this is when people first realized I had relocated to the French-speaking region and started plotting against my family and I. It is an event where people do technical work and ski: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇St-Cergue, Daniel Pocock, ski, OSCAL bag, Switzerland⦈   In March 2018, Anisa_Kuci, one of the Albanian_female_whistleblowers sends an email thanking me for my support and confirming that Elio_Qoshi, with the underage girlfriend, is the root cause of all harassment and abuse problems: Subject: Re: "free travel" Date: Mon, 5 Mar 2018 23:51:28 +0100 From: Anisa_Kuci To: larjona@debian.org CC: Chris_Lamb , Daniel Pocock , leader@debian.org, antiharassment@debian.org Hello Chris, Daniel, Laura, Thank you very much for being so supportive. I read the comments on the thread and to be honest I am really sad that Elio [Qoshi] said that. It is not true at all. They (Elio & Redon) pretend to support women but on the other hand their behavior towards many of us shows the opposite. Daniel I feel bad because you have encouraged and helped not only me, but so many other people, no matter if they are Open Labs members or not, and also all the attendees from Kosova to learn new things, to work and improve their skills and knowledge. They are doubting your good intentions just to remove the attention from the shady things that they are doing. The free travel comment is really offensive to me and i feel it should be offensive to every woman who is part of the community. I have been contributing and supporting Open Labs since its early days, and I have put a lot of effort and time, I do this because I believe in what it is meant to stand for and without waiting something in exchange, but the situation lately has been not very positive. Daniel has been present by chance in few cases where situations have been very hard to go through. I would definitely like to talk to any of you and tell you more about everything that is happening here, its fine to me whether it is a video call, call or just emails. Please tell me what would be more convenient to you. King greetings, Anisa On 5 March 2018 at 18:10, Laura_Arjona_Reina wrote: Hello El 5 de marzo de 2018 17:40:00 CET, Chris_Lamb escribió: >[Adding antiharrassment to CC] > >Daniel Pocock wrote: > >> If Elio or anybody else has made any other comments like this on the >> private members channel or Telegram and you want to discuss them with >me > >[..] > >Anisa, please feel to drop Daniel from any replies you wish to make, if >you even wish to do so. > >(Daniel, thank you for your concern but we have got it from this point >onwards. There will be no need for you to reply further on this >thread.) > > I may be silent but I'm listening (reading here and also subscribed to the OpenLabs Forums, and up to date with the (public) English posts so far). Ping me if you need anything. Best regards -- Laura_Arjona_Reina https://wiki.debian.org/LauraArjona Sent with K-9 mail Notice the condescending comments from the Freexian_SARL employee/contractor Chris_Lamb. He is trying to downplay the seriousness of the abuse and deter Anisa_Kuci from making any written reply about it. She ignored him and she wrote the inconvenient truth at that moment in the history of the scandal. Why was the Freexian_SARL employee/contractor Chris_Lamb trying to protect the 24-year-old Albanian man with an underage girlfriend? There are pictures_of Raphael_Hertzog's_children_at_DebConf25_in_France and a convicted paedophile Jeremy_Bicha was invited to come to France and speak at the conference. Why are they covering up these paedophiles? At exactly the same time, Francois_Thiébaud of Switzerland, a brothel owner, had partnered with the_greffier_from_a_Swiss_tribunal,_Mathieu_Elias_Parreaux to sell legal protection insurance. The men in robes, the men in wigs and the men with trademarks all seem to enjoy having this power over women. The Debian Code_of_Conduct_gaslighting and the Swiss laws on criminal_speech are very similar: they protect dirty men like these and they punish the people like me who took a risk to protect the dignity of our female colleagues. In July 2018, I went to Strasbourg, in France for the Rencontres_Mondiales_du Logiciel_Libre ( official_2018_RMLL_web_site). Other developers and Debian users saw that I was making an effort to establish connections in the French- speaking Debian and open source communities. Some people seem to resent the competition from an English-speaker (anglophone). In reprisal and to frustrate my attempt to compete in the region, Chris_Lamb, who was still a subcontractor of Freexian_SARL, had formally recruited other joint authors, including Enrico_Zini, to engage in harassment and defamation. From: Chris Lamb To: da-manager@debian.org Subject: Requesting the demotion of Daniel Pocock (pocock) Date: Sun, 05 Aug 2018 14:26:23 +0100 Dear Debian Account Managers, I am writing to you to request that Daniel Pocock (pocock) be demoted from DD to DM. [ ... snip defamation ... ] For the same month, August 2018, Raphael_Hertzog_/_Freexian_published_a_report where_they_admit_they_are_paying_Chris_Lamb,_the_Debian_leader,_while_he_is actively_seeking_to_raise_the_unwashed_masses_of_social_media_fools_against Freexian's_competitors: Like each month, here comes a report about the work of paid contributors to Debian LTS. § Individual reports⠀➾ ... Chris Lamb did 18 hours. ... Chris_Lamb, Enrico_Zini, Raphael_Hertzog and Freexian have never paid anything to the rest of us. They simply have no right to give us orders or change the priorities of our work or tell us what we can and can't speak about. The collusion between multiple people to exert control over somebody without paying that person is a form of criminal exploitation. The defamation tactics used to exert control over people also serve to disrupt the competition between Freexian_SARL and the companies operated by Chris Lamb's victims. Therefore, as well as being a case of defamation and exploitation, it is an example of antitrust behaviour or unfair competition. DebConf18 was taking place at the same time Chris_Lamb was engaged in this conspiracy to start rumours about my family and I. Enrico_Zini, a future employee of Freexian, gave a talk on 3 August 2018 on the topic "Multiple_People". In the talk he hints at the gay power politics that is wrecking Debianism and humiliating healthy people. It looks like Chris_Lamb sought to exploit these tendencies to add weight to his vendetta against my family and I. At the end of November 2018, I attended the UN Forum on Business and Human Rights in Geneva. This was at the very moment the defamation gang was hard at work trying to create the impression that I am some kind of neanderthal or cave man. A_video_of_me_asking_a_question_at_the_UN_in_Geneva sent the rogue Debianists into a frenzy. When they saw the way I explained the inconvenient truth, these vicious attack dogs became even more determined to hurt my family and I. In September 2018, Freexian employee/contractor Chris_Lamb and the Albanian man with the underage girlfriend Elio_Qoshi start distributing emails denouncing my family and I and encouraging people to attack me: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Chris Lamb, Elio Qoshi, Freexian, underage girl, pimp, conspiracy⦈   This is another extreme example of how people competing with Freexian are subject to dirty tricks. In fact, Israel's_Mossad_has_also_used_Albanians_in cyberwarfare_against_Iran. At the same time, in September 2018, I published a report warning_people_that the_FSFE_misfits_were_engaged_in_identity_fraud_or_what_the_French_call parasitisme. Shortly after revealing the FSFE_scandals, I decided to completely resign_from_the_FSFE. In November 2018, Matthias_Kirschner, who is president of the FSFE_misfits met with the Freexian employee/contractor Chris_Lamb at the SFSCon in Bolzano, Italy. They had a discussion about how they could work together to spread defamation about competitors of Freexian. Matthias_Kirschner sent a written report to other FSFE_misfits where he told them: One general wish -- which I agreed with -- from Debian was to better share information about people... When the leaders or two organisations collude like this to sabotage the reputation of a commercial rival it is a clear case of unfair trading or antitrust conspiracy. Matthias_Kirschner admitted these illegal conversations took place. In December 2018, Cardinal George Pell, formerly archbishop of Melbourne and treasurer of the Vatican, became the most senior clerical figure ever convicted in the ongoing Catholic_abuse_crisis. The conviction was eventually overturned, nonetheless, immediately after the conviction, on Christmas Eve, Enrico_Zini, the attack dog, used the debian-private mailing list to distribute rumours about abuse to over a thousand people. My cousin was only eight years old when he joined the choir in Melbourne and these rumours were the most hideous violation of privacy. Remember, Chris_Lamb, who was already paid by Freexian SARL, had encouraged Enrico_Zini and others to engage in this defamation racket. At the same time, in December 2018, Raphael_Hertzog, the founder of Freexian used the debian-project mailing list to encourage cyberbullies to join in with his employee Chris_Lamb, violate the privacy of my family and spread rumours that there had been some behaviour problem. Subject: Re: Censorship in Debian Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2018 10:02:53 +0100 From: Raphael_Hertzog To: debian-project@lists.debian.org Hi, On Fri, 21 Dec 2018, Adam_Borowski wrote: > Thank you for illustrating so well why Daniel's words were spot on. Your > response is exactly why censorship must not be tolerated in Debian. Such a message is not constructive and actually hurts any further discussion. First of all, while it may be obvious to you, I don't see in what way Russ's response "illustrates Daniel's word". But I'm not sure that I want to read your justification, you seem to have a very low level of empathy for other persons' feelings. Anyway, nobody has been censored here. It looks like some people including Norbert and Daniel have had inappropriate behavior that have been reported to the anti-harassment team. That team made decisions and acted, even in coordination with the Debian_Account_Managers. [ ... snip defamation ... ] Remember, Raphael_Hertzog's company Freexian pays money to Chris_Lamb. Lamb then started the conspiracy in August 2018 asking the Debian Account Managers to spread rumours. Now Raphael_Hertzog is telling everybody else a lie. Raphael Hertzog is telling people that some mysterious stranger made an independent complaint to the Debian_Account_Managers. This is a lie because it all intersects with people affiliated with his company and the target of the defamation are competitors of his company. Raphael_Hertzog previously told us he only pays EUR 75 per hour. As I charge more than this, I would never be one of his employees and he saw me as a competitor. Shortly after this, Charles_Plessy told us there were "monster threads" on the debian-private (leaked) mailing list. We can now see the root cause of these "monster threads" were the emails sent by Freexian employee/contractor Chris Lamb. Subject: Re: Censorship in Debian Date: Fri, 28 Dec 2018 07:42:29 +0100 From: Charles_Plessy To: debian-project@lists.debian.org Le Wed, Dec 26, 2018 at 05:35:38PM +0900, Charles_Plessy a écrit : > > Whether DD -> DM demotions will happen again and are going to become a > new tool for solving social conflicts is an important decision that > needs an open discussion where conesnsus is being sought. Unsurprisingly there are monster_threads_on_explusions on debian-private. Parts are specific to some people, and parts are about procedure. I am not going to read the threads, because I do not want to be bound to secrecy about the discussion on the procedure. I think that this disucssion must be public. This disucssion can be done in a civil, slow-paced way that foccuses on exploring together the pros and cons of multiple directions. Redoing it from scratch on one of our mailing lists would be a good opportunity to reboot it in a more productive and less divisive way some time in January when everybody has cooled down. I invite the decision makers to start and lead this discussion. Have a nice day, and for those who celebrate a new year, my wishes for a happy new one ! Charles -- Charles_Plessy Debian Med packaging team, http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-med Akano, Uruma, Okinawa, Japan France is a country that is well known for giving employees the thirty-five hour week and generous vacations. The conspiracy of Freexian employee/ contractor Chris_Lamb created these "monster threads" throughout the Christmas season when most people were resting with their families and friends. I replied to Charles_Plessy's public email. I told everybody that this type of cyberbullying increases the risk of suicides for both victims and witnesses: Subject: Re: Cyberbullying (was: Censorship) in Debian Date: Sat, 29 Dec 2018 00:25:49 +0100 From: Daniel Pocock To: debian-project@lists.debian.org On 28/12/18 07:42, Charles_Plessy wrote: > Le Wed, Dec 26, 2018 at 05:35:38PM +0900, Charles_Plessy a écrit : >> Whether DD -> DM demotions will happen again and are going to become a >> new tool for solving social conflicts is an important decision that >> needs an open discussion where conesnsus is being sought. > Unsurprisingly there are monster threads on explusions on > debian-private. Parts are specific to some people, and parts are about > procedure. I am not going to read the threads, because I do not want to > be bound to secrecy about the discussion on the procedure. Anybody with any experience of cyberbullying or harassment wouldn't simply cringe at this, they would be looking on in horror at the very existence of these "monster threads" in a community that is so influential and respected as Debian. Please take a moment and think about what is the worst that eventually happens when a community (or it's leader) abuses members in this way indefinitely. https://cyberbullying.org/cyberbullying_and_suicide_research_fact_sheet.pdf The people who unleashed this monster need to take responsibility. They have created and sustained this state of hostility, since 20 September, every other wayward communication that has come up is a consequence of that. No member of this community should ever have been expected to bear such a heavy burden. Stop this now. Make sure it never happens again in Debian. It is that simple. Regards, Daniel -- Debian Developer https://danielpocock.com In January 2019, one of Enrico_Zini's colleagues, Joerg_Jaspert_(Ganneff) used another Git repository to spread rumours about abuse. Most outsiders were unable to see all the connections to Freexian_SARL and other vested interests pushing the culture of blackmail and defamation. Here are some comments that appeared on the Debian-dug-in (Indian) mailing list: Subject: Re: Regarding ongoing furious discussions at debian-project ML & understanding Date: Mon, 7 Jan 2019 14:58:41 +0000 From: shirish_शिरीष To: debian-in CC: Daniel Pocock , Amey_Abhyankar at bottom :- On 07/01/2019, Amey_Abhyankar wrote: > Hello All, > > I guess most of us are subscribed to debian-project mailing list. > > I am reading tons of e-mails since last 2 weeks at debian-project > which are furious in many ways. > However I am unable to fully understand the core issue & why,by whom,where > etc. > > If anybody from our DL has better understanding, pls brief here in > simple English language thanks. > Due to length of those e-mails with several legal language formats > it's difficult to understand the issue :-/ > > Thanks & Regards, > Amey. > Dear Amey, This was shared in brief by the monthly anti-harrasment mailing list. Perhaps a bit more insight could be gained by Daniel Pocock's blog post on the same topic - https://danielpocock.com/debian-human-rights-paradox At the end, it's politics and Debian is as much a political environment as it's a technical one. So one has to be thoughtful when interacting with people irrespective of gender, race or whatever their political bias might be. It is a complex topic but pushing it under the carpet is not the solution because it does impact each and every one around us. It is useful so know and educate ourselves how to talk to people who are non-binary in nature. One of the reasons why I didn't share about Debconf 2016 much was because there were non-binary people there and I didn't know how to address them, both while interacting with them and afterwards while writing about them. I did share the blog posts with few DD's to ask if they knew a better way but didn't get any response. If I didn't write about them, it would have been excluding them which again would not be the right thing to do. Sage Sharp's blog is educative in that reference - https://sage.thesharps.us/2017/10/24/binaries-are-for-computers/ Apart from that what has been called out is the way that the DAM's reacted which seems far from open. If anybody were called out in a similar manner, we wouldn't know what would be the right reaction and the right people to reach or the right procedure to follow. The questions could be like - 1. When should the accuser know about something s(he) is being accused of ? 2. Should s(he) be given proper space and something on record rather than in closed loop systems which are also open to abuse. I don't see any way out in the current mess but do empathise with both the parties in this case, both Sage as well as the developer, blogger in question as both have been wronged. -- Regards, Shirish_Agarwal__शिरीष_अग्रवाल My quotes in this email licensed under CC 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://flossexperiences.wordpress.com EB80 462B 08E1 A0DE A73A 2C2F 9F3D C7A4 E1C4 D2D8 At the end of January 2019, Lucy_Wayland died. There was some concern that the "monster threads" and other negativity created by conspiracies may have contributed to the death. Charles_Plessy had posted his message on 28 December 2018, that is, the anniversary of the death of Debian's founder, Ian_Murdock. In February 2019, while the corpse of Lucy_Wayland was in the morgue, Molly_de Blanc, who was rumoured to be the girlfriend of Freexian_SARL employee/ contractor Chris_Lamb, gave a speech at the FOSDEM conference in Brussels, Belgium. She used the conference to mock my family. She displayed a slide depicting a cat behind bars and encouraged people to spread rumours about my family on her "whisper network". 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Molly de Blanc, cat behind bars⦈   I contacted one of the former interns I had mentored in the Google_Summer_of Code_(GSoC). Like many people on the fringe of Debianism, he couldn't understand it but he could see the cliques are very rude to all the rest of us. Subject: Re: Debian situation Date: Tue, 26 Feb 2019 15:19:39 +0530 From: Pranav_Jain To: Daniel Pocock Hi Daniel, Thanks for your email. I wasn't aware about any communications as I wasn't subscribed to that mailing list. I spent couple of hours going through the mailing list archive and also read your last blog. It's very sad and also demotivating to know that you have been going through so many things. I wasn't aware about these things and was contributing to Google Summer of Code 2019 as an admin. We recently got selected as an organisation too. Is there something I can do to make things better? I always felt that Debian would be a second home for me where I can come and contribute free mindedly. But, I am not sure if I would be able to cope up and live up to so much of rudeness. On Tue, Feb 26, 2019 at 4:58 AM Daniel Pocock wrote: > > > Hi Pranav, > > Have you seen the discussions in debian-project in the last few months? > > Did you understand what is really going on in Debian now? > > Regards, > > Daniel > > -- Regards, Pranav_Jain 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Izabela Bakollari, Anisa Kuci⦈   In July 2019, the DebConf19 conference took place in Brazil. At the conference dinner, four of the women from Albania are seated at the same table as men from Freexian. One of those men, the Freexian employee/contractor Chris_Lamb is sitting right beside Anisa_Kuci, the woman who had confided in me about abuse by Elio_Qoshi. The woman next to her is Kristi_Progri. Both of these women were suddenly given jobs and eventually ended up together at GNOME foundation. They are prohibited from telling anybody what certain men really did in Albania. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Chris Lamb, Anisa Kuci, Kristi Progri, Elena Gjevukaj, Diellza Shabani, DebConf19, Brazil, Albanian women⦈   The next woman is Elena_Gjevukaj from Kosovo. After the conference, she told me the girls were subject to emotional blackmail. The ringleaders wanted them to denounce me. Women who refused to join the gossip were given the cold shoulder: that's why I was telling you but also in email because the moment that they saw my position they just kind of ignore me like you know I wasn't part of this dark topic I didn't want to be part of that and that was the reason that I wasn't not ignored they were still polite to me and what they wouldn't I know for a fact they wouldn't talk about anything in front of me Sitting on the other side of the same table is Holger_Levsen. He was the prime suspect in the fight at DebConf6. He was one of the first people listed in monthly reports about Freexian. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇DebConf19, Albanian women, Holger Levsen, Chris Lamb⦈   In August 2019, Molly_de_Blanc went to the conference FrOSCon in Germany where she encouraged the people who use free software to form gangs and push the developers. Molly bully: "We can use our collective power to push others" 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Molly de Blanc, pushing, FrOSCon⦈   The words and the drawing from Molly_de_Blanc, the "Multiple People" talk from a future Freexian_SARL employee/contractor Enrico_Zini and the collusion between a current Freexian_SARL employee/contractor Chris_Lamb and the Albanian pimp Elio_Qoshi are all proof of the same criminal behaviour in the immediate vicinity of Freexian_SARL. When a business competitor appears or when any responsible adult asks any serious questions about ethical conduct, multiple people form a gang to hurt that person, their business and their family. The people in proximity to Freexian_SARL openly talk about using the tactics of gangsters. Throughout that period, Debianism was gripped by internal discussions about the censorship crisis. People like Raphael_Hertzog were hiding their conflicts of interest. They hid the original messages from Freexian employee/contractor Chris_Lamb that started the crisis and they tried to make it look like a debate about cultural differences and the Zizian_/_transgender_supremecy_problems. Notice how Raphael_Hertzog often sends messages like this where he tells people to stop challenging the cyberbullies. He doesn't reveal that he is paying many of the same cyberbullies who he is defending: Subject: Re: Cultural differences and how to handle them Date: Thu, 4 Jul 2019 10:18:18 +0200 From: Raphael Hertzog To: Roberto C. Sánchez , debian-project@lists.debian.org On Wed, 03 Jul 2019, Roberto C. Sánchez wrote: > On Wed, Jul 03, 2019 at 05:33:25PM +0200, Ole Streicher wrote: > > Being german, I think that Debian should honor discriminated minorities, > > Being a discriminated against minority, I think Debian should *not*. And since Debian is do-ocracy, it's not your call. You can disagree with the publicity team, but it's their call and a call they made while trying to put our diversity statement into application. Can we stop this discussion now, please? Unless you really want to revert their decision via a general resolution... but even in that case, the discussion here doesn't help to go forward with this. Cheers, -- Raphaël Hertzog ◈ Debian Developer Support Debian LTS: https://www.freexian.com/services/debian-lts.html Learn to master Debian: https://debian-handbook.info/get/ In September 2019, there was controversy about the relationship between Freexian and Debianism: Subject: Re: Using Debian funds to support a gcc development task Date: Sun, 29 Sep 2019 16:15:30 +0200 From: Raphael Hertzog To: Hector Oron CC: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz , debian- project@lists.debian.org Hi, On Sun, 29 Sep 2019, Hector Oron wrote: > > Not sure what the problem with LTS is. I thought companies pay for the > > extra effort. I think it's a perfectly fine business model. > > As a very simple summary, companies pay another company (Debian > unrelated) to use Debian volunteers time and Debian resources. > Debian does not get any share of that work. I'm afraid that this summary is too simple and thus misleading. * Freexian (the "another company") is not owned by Debian, but it's not unrelated to Debian. I funded that company, as a Debian developer, to let me contribute to Debian while being paid by customers who are Debian users. * Freexian doesn't "use Debian volunteers", nobody is forced to work for Freexian, they all asked to join the team of paid contributors. But Freexian pays them for the LTS work, that's correct. * While we use Debian resources, we are using Debian resources just like any other Debian contributor, the fact that we are paid doesn't change anything. Many Debian contributors are being paid as part of their work. It's just more visible in this case. Cheers, -- Raphaël Hertzog ◈ Debian Developer Support Debian LTS: https://www.freexian.com/services/debian-lts.html Learn to master Debian: https://debian-handbook.info/get/ In the response above, Raphael_Hertzog does not tell us which volunteers are receiving payments. He does not tell us that some of the volunteers receiving the payments are involving in punishing other volunteers. He does not comment on the fact that Freexian is using the Debian trademark to establish direct business relationships with the clients. When Mark_Shuttleworth established his own company, Canonical Ltd and started to employee some of the volunteers, he chose a distinctive name for his product: Ubuntu. Yet Raphael_Hertzog has decided to call his product Debian_LTS which is based on the "Debian" trademark. Later in November 2019, somebody dares to suggest the gangsters are comparable to the Inquisition. Once again, Raphael_Hertzog criticises the comparison. Hertzog's response is dishonest because he doesn't reveal that some of the people running the Inquisition are actually paid by his company Freexian. Subject: Re: Community Team - where we want to go Date: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 10:10:52 +0100 From: Raphael Hertzog To: debian-project@lists.debian.org On Mon, 11 Nov 2019, Norbert Preining wrote: > On Mon, 11 Nov 2019, Gerardo Ballabio wrote: > > That is, the team would rule on individual cases, rather than issuing > > "lists of things not to do". IMHO that pretty much would make it a > > court with the power to judge project members. And I'm not sure that > > the team not taking actual measures, but just making "recommendations" > > to other people who are empowered to take action, would make a > > difference. In fact, that would be curiously similar to how the > > Inquisition proceeded: technically they never executed anyone, they > > just sent people to the secular authority with the "recommendation" to > > burn them at the stake. > > > > And if the people empowered to take action can disagree with the > > recommendation and apply their own judgement, well, that would make > > the "ultimate authority" concept void, and I would say, would nullify > > the whole point of having the team "interpret the CoC". > > +1 -10 for introducing a comparison that has no place in Debian. We're not executing or burning people. That's the kind of comparison that contributes to the bad atmosphere and is pushing reasonable people to add more rules, so this goes towards your own goals of wanting less thought police and more freedom. Cheers, -- Raphaël Hertzog ◈ Debian Developer Support Debian LTS: https://www.freexian.com/services/debian-lts.html Learn to master Debian: https://debian-handbook.info/get/ In April 2020, he encourages people to move from the use of traditional mailing lists to the Discourse forum software. The Discourse software has some very_big disadvantages_for_privacy_and_censorship but Raphael_Hertzog doesn't mention that at all. He is hoping that some of his employees/contractors will control the Discourse server and use it to spy on everybody else and prune any discussions that are inconvenient for his business Freexian. Subject: What are your thoughts on discourse? Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2020 11:00:51 +0100 From: Raphael_Hertzog To: debian-vote@lists.debian.org Hello dear DPL candidates, I would like all the candidates to reply to this question on discourse: https://discourse.debian.net/t/dear-dpl-candidates-what-are-your-thoughts-on- discourse/75 Please create an account and answer there. At least it would give you a feeling of how it looks like to use it. The kind of discussions that we have in debian-vote is very much suited for something like discourse where we can +1 with like, etc. I would encourage others DD asking questions to try to use discourse and just use the mail to inform of the discussion started on discourse. Cheers, -- ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀ Raphaël_Hertzog ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋ The Debian Handbook: https://debian-handbook.info/get/ ⠈⠳⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀ Debian Long Term Support: https://deb.li/LTS This is part of a disturbing trend in the technology sector. Ringleaders want to micro-manage discussions and monitor the behaviour of the participants. They do not know how many times somebody looks at an email message but if the discussion is in a forum web site they can see which users looked at it. Towards the end of 2020, Galia_Mancheva published a report about the extraordinary_psychological_abuse_and_harassment_inflicted_by_Matthias Kirschner_at_the_FSFE. Some of her words: I took FSFE to court. This is my story ... fired all the full-time women in the office in the two months leading up to the elections ... A weekend of non-stop calls ... He even texted telling me I should answer my phone, for my own better. Even after my lawyer warned him to terminate all attempts to communicate with me and send someone else to pick up my work laptop, he came in person to my house, and was very irritated that I was not alone. These overbearing men are obsessed with controlling the lives of women and volunteers. One of the founding supporters of the Debian_LTS project at Freexian is the LinuxHotel which is also sponsoring the_FSFE_misfits under Matthias_Kirschner. These organisations form a cluster of toxic behaviour and blackmail. As they say in gangster movies: follow the money. In February 2021, when many businesses were suffering due to the pandemic, Raphael_Hertzog_submitted_an_advocacy_for_his_wife,_Sophie_Brun,_to_be_given_a Debian_Developer_title. This would clearly increase the prestige of his own business. On the Freexian web site, they publish a list of every team member and they write the title "Debian Developer" next to each of them. A screenshot of the team list is reproduced at the bottom of this report. He did not reveal he was writing the advocacy for his wife. Sophie_Brun also received advocacies from SZ_Lin, Samuel_Henrique and Hugo_Lefeuvre. In March 2021, Molly_de_Blanc called for a public lynching of her old boss Dr Richard_Stallman_(RMS). Debianists decided to have a vote (General Resolution / GR) on whether the Debian name could be used in the lynching. The way each developer voted is publicly_visible. We can look back at the way Freexian affiliated developers voted and we can they are among the villains who wanted the toxic culture of publicly denouncing people. Tally Sheet for the votes cast. The format is: "V: vote Login Name" The vote block represents the ranking given to each of the candidates by the voter. -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Option 1--------->: Call for the FSF board removal, as in rms-open- letter.github.io / Option 2-------->: Call for Stallman's resignation from all FSF bodies |/ Option 3------->: Discourage collaboration with the FSF while Stallman is in a leading position ||/ Option 4------>: Call on the FSF to further its governance processes |||/ Option 5----->: Support Stallman's reinstatement, as in rms-support- letter.github.io ||||/ Option 6---->: Denounce the witch-hunt against RMS and the FSF |||||/ Option 7--->: Debian will not issue a public statement on this issue ||||||/ Option 8-->: Further Discussion |||||||/ V: 51328746 hertzog Raphaël Hertzog V: 12347756 paravoid Faidon Liambotis V: 12347856 lamby Chris Lamb V: 11246653 enrico Enrico Zini V: 312---45 holger Holger Levsen V: 1234--56 terceiro Antonio Terceiro V: 3124--56 cjwatson Colin Watson V: 12347865 stefanor Stefano Rivera Dr_Stallman's organisation the Free_Software_Foundation is in some ways another competitor. It is wrong for people at Freexian to tell another organisation who their leader should be. It is even more wrong to write such rampant defamation about the leader of the other organisation. When a group of men gather together like this to attack another man for economic reasons they are a mafia. In April 2021, at the height of the pandemic, I created a new company, Software Freedom_Institute in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Throughout the following months, there were intense attacks on my new company from every direction. In July 2021, Sophie_Hertzog_Brun, the wife of Raphael_Hertzog, was finally added to the list of Debian Developers. It had only taken six months to process her application while other people have waited years without getting anywhere. In September 2021, I went to the village of Courgent, near Paris, to_visit_the war_graves. I published a_video_about_the_ceremony_at_the_war_graves. The pilot of the aircraft that crashed in Courgent is Flying_Officer_Philip_Wyatt_Ryan, an alumnus of Xavier_College, the same school my father and I had both attended in Melbourne. After I published the video, the rogue_Debianists went nuts. A few weeks later, in November 2021, the Debian Publicity Team gangsters published a "Statement on Daniel Pocock" to deter me from visiting the war graves again. Compare, the visit to the war graves on 18 September 2021: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Daniel Pocock, Courgent⦈   and the reprisal from the rogue_Debianists a few weeks later: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Statement on Daniel Pocock, Debian, harassment, abuse, gangster behaviour⦈   The small-minded people at Debian resented the images of me wearing a suit and tie at an official event. They created images like this depicting me as a person with mental illness: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Statement on Daniel Pocock, Debian⦈   These rumours and insults only started appearing after Chris_Lamb attacked my family and I in 2018. In January 2022, Jeremiah_C._Foster sent an email asking people to talk about how Freexian money could be used in Debianism: Subject: Survey proposal about the usage of money in Debian Date: Mon, 24 Jan 2022 11:02:20 -0500 From: Jeremiah C. Foster To: debian-project@lists.debian.org Hello, The Debian contributors behind Freexian would like to get some broad feedback from all Debian developers on various questions related to the usage of money in Debian. [ ... snip ... ] The email doesn't address the ethical problems. Nonetheless, in the course of the year 2022, over_$120,000_was_spent_on_kill_money_to_denounce_my_family_and my_business . Most of this money went to lawyers. None of it went to the developers. Here is the line from the 2022_financial_report: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Debian, legal expenses⦈   In March 2022, a UDRP legal panel ruled that IBM_Red_Hat had harassed my company and my family through their_abuse_of_the_UDRP_administrative_procedure. Remember, some of the Freexian clients, like Adfinis AG in Switzerland are also affiliated with IBM_Red_Hat. They resented the fact I had called out the inconvenient truth about the underage relationships in Albania. In retaliation, a few days later, Dominik_George packs together with bisexual mafiosi Enrico_Zini. They publish more messages on the debian-devel mailing list encouraging_people_to_engage_in_anti-competitive_behaviour_and_vilify_me. A few days after that, in April 2022, Raphael_Hertzog declared that Freexian SARL had started_to_employ_both_Dominik_George_and_Enrico_Zini immediately after they attacked me. This smells like a reward for their aggression against a Freexian competitor. The number of paid contributors increased significantly, we are pleased to welcome our latest team members: Andreas_Rönnquist, Dominik_George, Enrico_Zini and Stefano Rivera. Everybody knows that Enrico_Zini regularly sends messages about attacking the status or reputation of other joint authors. These are the tactics of gangsters. Freexian_SARL's decision to employ a mafiosi who undermines the status of his peers, Freexian competitors, is a significant escalation of these vendettas. By preventing other joint authors from speaking and viciously attacking our reputations, Enrico_Zini creates more work for his masters at Freexian_SARL. Between September and October 2022, the Freexian_SARL web site was changed and started using a new logo that looks very similar to the official Debianism logo but it is inverted and rotated ninety degrees. Snapshot_with_old_logo_from_20_September_2022: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Freexian, old logo⦈   Snapshot_with_new_logo_from_13_October_2022: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Freexian, logo⦈   The official Debian logo on the Debian.org web site: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Debian, logo⦈   The Debianism logo is protected by a trademark registration but there has been no attempt whatsoever to prevent Freexian_SARL developers from profiting from this association with the trademark. In June 2023, Red_Hat_announced_the_end_of_public_RHEL_source_code. This was the end of the road for RHEL-based distributions similar to the defunct CentOS project. This decision by Red_Hat increased the value of the Debian LTS business controlled by Freexian_SARL. Exactly twelve months after Red Hat killed off CentOS, Daniel_Bristot_de Oliveira a 37-year-old employee who spent his whole life promoting Red Hat's open source philosophy had_a_mysterious_death. Around the same time, the GNOME_misfits began ferociously spreading public defamation of Sonny_Piers. Like all the previous cases of gangsters making up stories about volunteers, there is no evidence about what Sonny_Piers is accused of doing wrong. All we know is that over 20,000 people looked at the defamation in the GNOME Discourse forum. This is a lynching. The state of Queensland in Australia passed a groundbreaking law against coercive control in domestic relationships. This_law_may_be_applicable_to_some of_the_open_source_cults like Debianism because people are expected to share rooms at conferences and we are not allowed to ask questions about money. Between 6 June 2024 and 14 June 2024, Jean-Pierre_Giraud and Jean-Paul Guillonneau make various changes to the official Debian web site for the purpose of denouncing me and deceiving voters in the European Parliament (MEP) elections. In particular, they falsely claim to have created a judgment. The fake judgment has the date of the Kristallnacht, the night of broken glass that started the Holocaust (10 November). At that moment, Jean-Pierre_Giraud was treasurer of the non-profit Debian France association. Additionally, Jean-Pierre_Giraud and Donald_Norwood are both members of the notorious Debian_Publicity_Team which is used for spreading libel from time to time. On 4 October 2024, Donald_Norwood published an announcement telling us "Debian welcomes_Freexian_as_our_newest_partner!". The announcement is a very strongly positive endorsement of Raphael_Hertzog's business and it is completely the opposite of the negative statements these gangsters published about my family and I. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Raphael Hertzog, Freexian⦈   On 15 October 2024, Frans_Spiesschaert made more changes_to_the_Dutch_language version_of_the_web_page_denouncing_my_family_and_I. There seems to be some connection from the intensely negative attack the Debian Publicity_Team made on my family in June 2024 up to the very positive statement they made about Raphael_Hertzog's company Freexian in October 2024. It appears the team of gangsters were simultaneously editing and reviewing both of these documents in multiple languages. The convicted paedophile Jeremy_Bicha is one of the maintainers of the GNOME packages in Debianism. In 2025, he was invited to give a talk at DebConf25 in France. What did Sonny_Piers and I do that is worse than the crimes of Jeremy Bicha? We dared to utter the inconvenient truth about the behaviour of these gangsters and cliques. In the world of Debianism, mentioning the inconvenient truth is punished more severely than raping your nine-year-old sister. At the same time, the clique told British Army veteran Phil_Wyett that he will never be good enough to be a real Debian Developer. Phil lives with a disability and he has no history of raping children. Why are the cliques telling him that he is inferior to Jeremy_Bicha? Looking through the history of Debian_LTS we can find examples of Chris_Lamb working on packages related to GNOME. Here is a security_advisor_for_gnome- shell: To: debian-lts-announce@lists.debian.org Subject: [SECURITY] [DLA 2374-1] gnome-shell security update From: Chris Lamb Date: Tue, 15 Sep 2020 07:24:51 -0400 (EDT) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Debian LTS Advisory DLA-2374-1 debian-lts@lists.debian.org https://www.debian.org/lts/security/ Chris Lamb September 15, 2020 https://wiki.debian.org/LTS - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Package : gnome-shell Version : 3.22.3-3+deb9u1 CVE ID : CVE-2020-17489 Debian Bug : #968311 It was discovered that there was an issue around revealing passwords in the "gnome-shell" component of the GNOME desktop. In certain configurations, when logging out of an account the password box from the login dialog could reappear with the password visible in cleartext. For Debian 9 "Stretch", this problem has been fixed in version ... [ ... snip ... ] If Chris_Lamb and Jeremy_Bicha both worked on the GNOME packages, did they ever work together? Did Chris_Lamb introduce Jeremy_Bicha to Elio_Qoshi and the other Albanians? Notice that Jeremy_Bicha joined Debianism at exactly the same time we discovered a risk to underage participants in Albania. Now we can see why the core Debianists are more comfortable with the convicted paedophile than they are with professional developers like me. They have a lot of things to hide. People with stuff to hide form organisations like this where they all agree to stay silent about things like the little sister crime or the identity fraud at the FSFE. They keep it all from the public, no matter what. When professional developers get nervous, rumours appear about somebody breaking the Code_of_Conduct_/_Code_of_Silence. The fact that Frans_Pop sent his resignation/suicide note the_night_before Debian_Day gives a strong hint that everybody in the world of Debianism shares some responsibility for his death. By raising the link between the beloved so- called "community", the toxic culture and the Debian_Suicide_Cluster, I proved they did something close to murder. People have to reflect on their responsibility. For many of these people, the fear of being held accountable for those suicides and accidents is greater than the fear of being photographed with the paedophile. That is why they defend the paedophile's right to come back into society but they fiercely insist on lifetime censorship against those of us who dared to tell the truth about the toxic culture that murders people. On 14 July 2025, at DebConf25 in Brest, France, Freexian employee Enrico_Zini uses a hammer as a metaphor for blackmailing and exploiting people and destroying competitors. Enrico_Zini's philosophy can be linked to the Freexian SARL philosophy on censorship and Code_of_Conduct_gaslighting. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Freexian, Raphaël Hertzog, Sébastien Delafond, Sophie Hertzog Brun, Faidon Liambotis, Antonio Terceiro, Anupa Ann Joseph, Carles Pina i Estany, Colin Watson, Emilio Pozuelo Monfort, Enrico Zini, Helmut Grohne, Lucas Kanashiro, Santiago Ruano Rincón, Stefano Rivera, Thorsten Alteholz⦈   In July 2026, Adrian_Bunk has sent a lengthy report to the debian-project detailing his concerns about the social, financial and security risks of Freexian_SARL's parasitic behavior. Among other things, he gives an example of (Mark)_Lee_Garrett getting paid over 130 hours for work that other people are doing for free. Subject: Freexian, security and Debian Date: Sun, 19 Jul 2026 19:57:21 +0300 From: Adrian_Bunk To: debian-project@lists.debian.org 1. Overview ----------- This email covers two topics that are separate but have some intersection: There has to be a clearer separation between what Freexian activities are under oversight of Debian and can be called Debian and might happen on our infrastructure - and what is an external company competing for customers in our ecosystem. While there is no lack of DDs interested in earning money doing LTS and ELTS work, there is fewer interest in doing the same work unpaid in our security team instead. In recent weeks I got the impression that the two members who are doing nearly all the work in our security team seem to be struggling to keep up with the increased workload due to AI, and I am worried we might lose our security team to burnout. 2. Debusine, and Freexian in general ------------------------------------ While it is laudable that Freexian has the explicit goal of helping Debian, Debian giving preferential treatment to one company might outweigh the benefits when this drives away other contributors. While there is valid criticism at the current use of GitLab in our core infrastructure,[1] using Debusine in our infrastructure would be worse: Similar to GitLab, Freexian SARL is a private for-profit company. Similar to Gitlab, Debusine is Open Source that is also commercially offered as SaaS.[2] Worse than GitLab Inc., which is a neutral player providing equal offers to everyone in the Debian ecosystem, Freexian SARL is competing directly with the businesses and employers of many other contributors (including many DDs) in our ecosystem.[3] There are technical reasons why Debusine is IMHO not suitable for our core infrastructure, but the point that this is a product of a company competing in our ecosystem alone should be sufficient that Debian keeps some distance from it. A company asking on debian-devel-announce for volunteers to work unpaid on their product is problematic.[4] Two of the accepted Google Summer of Code 2026 projects are improvements for Debusine.[5] Does Google know that they pay students to work on a company product, mentored by people working for that company? Are the Debian mentors paid by Freexian for the mentoring? Decisions which GSoC applications to select are made by the Outreach delegation. A majority of the Outreach delegates are receiving income from Freexian. [6,7] Did these delegates recuse themselves from GSoC due to the conflict of interest? 3. ELTS ------- Freexian ELTS is a commercial offer by an external company that has to be clearly separate from anything called Debian. It is problematic that information about Freexian ELTS is offered on the same company website as the information about Debian LTS,[8] and that Debian gives the impression of official status of ELTS by listing it in distro-info and distro-info-data. It should be made clearer to our users what is Debian and what is a commercial offer by an external company, and Debian LTS information should be moved to our website. 4. LTS ------ After an intervention from Freexian,[9,10] the regular support of bookworm was shortened from what was originally planned - while longer full support would have been better for our users, it would have been worse for Freexian. Until recently Freexian was transparent about the monthly Debian LTS payments to individual contributors (multiply with € 85/hour[6]),[11] but Freexian now removed this transparency.[12] When non-profits like the Linux Foundation and companies sponsor something that is called "Debian Long Term Support"[14] and is provided on our (sponsored) infrastructure, we need more transparency and not less. It would be appropriate that Freexian sends detailed monthly financial reports to a public Debian mailing list, including stating for each work item invoiced by a Freexian contributor how much Debian LTS money was spent on it. Sending such a financial report for June 2026 at the same time as the report about work done in June 2026 would be a good start. With approximately € 300k annually[13] Debian LTS is among the larger budgets in Debian. Our publicity refers to "Debian and its LTS Team", and Debian does encourage funding Debian LTS.[14] Debian recommending to fund Debian LTS instead of recommending donating to Debian might be redirecting some donations from Debian to Debian LTS. Since the topic that Freexian no longer wanted my services will invariably come up: While there are many people who are doing good work in LTS (and ELTS) and where the hours invoiced are in a reasonable relation to the work done, a not so small part of money goes to the half dozen Freexian contributors where the amount of hours invoiced always felt like an order of magnitude larger than the quantity and quality of work delivered. My conflict with Freexian management was around me trying to get Freexian to do something about it. Some examples: Freexian contributors who might suddenly show up on the last day of a month, do some rather trivial work, and invoice 30 or 50 hours every month.[15] A Freexian contributor invoices 19.5 hours[16] (€ 1657.50) from Debian LTS (plus additional hours from ELTS) with a monthly report[17] that is largely made up: The zfs-linux DLA was issued, but this was the 4th month where money was invoiced for working on this package[17,18,19,20] and no other DLA was issued by this contributor during that time. "Worked on phpmyadmin, zabbix, and atril but couldn’t complete them. Will get back to it next month." There is not much trace of any work done (or even a DLA issued) on these packages by this contributor. Most front desk work (mainly triaging) is done with git commits, but there is not a single commit by this contributor in the git tree[21] during this week. The list of what was claimed to be triaged and Auto EOL’d also looks quite similar to what was claimed to be worked on (and invoiced) a month earlier.[18] The cheeky "PS: it’s not. :)" for claimed debugging work regarding the xz backdoor? This would also have created git commits. LTS was marked not affected by a member of our security team,[22] and the ELTS releases were marked not affected by a different Freexian contributor 2 weeks later.[23] This monthly report was an example not an exception for this Freexian contributor, and a point could be made that a DD who is defrauding Debian LTS is defrauding Debian and should therefore be expelled from Debian. After sending analysis of more than one monthly report to the Freexian managers responsible for LTS and ELTS I gave up, and the person is still a Freexian contributor today. A Freexian contributor, who as Debian maintainer of the package in question should already know it quite well, invoices 130.75 hours[24,25,26,27] (€ 11 113.75) from Debian LTS (plus additional hours from ELTS) without ever delivering an LTS update for the package in LTS (buster) and without doing any other significant work during these months.[28,29,30,31] The response I got from the Freexian managers responsible for LTS and ELTS: Santiago and I have communicated with and we are satisfied that the work reported is appropriate to the hours invoiced for July, and the same going back to April. Based on that, we see no need for further action. 5. Workload of our Security Team (and LTS) ------------------------------------------ For all incoming CVEs, our security team does: - map it to the Debian package name (or mark as not-for-us) - For a CVE in a Debian package our security team does: - link to the upstream advisory - often search for the upstream commit(s) fixing it, and link to them in the security tracker - triage whether the CVE warrants a DSA for the package All CVE triaging and tracking, and work assignment for both our security team and LTS, happens in the same git tree. It is worth noticing that the two members who are doing most work in our security team together average nearly 50 commits per day, mostly with CVE triaging and tracking.[32] Initial LTS triaging is not hard based in this work already done by our security team. The number of DSAs went from ~20 per month a year ago to ~60 per month today. That's an average of 2 DSAs our security team issues every day. Different from what some people anticipated in discussions before LTS: Actual work in LTS is often just taking what the security team has already published as a DSA one release further back. Sometimes backporting is some work, but this is not done in the hard cases - when something is hard usually either the package is listed as no longer supported or the CVE is marked as "ignored" with a comment like "too invasive to fix". This hard work would be the part where providing 5 years of support would not work unpaid, due to both the skills and the effort required. To be fair, people with the qualifications to fix hard issues (including doing hard backports) in security are not available at the hourly rate paid in LTS, and the security teams of commercial distributions providing long-term support are also far better resourced. Debian LTS pays security team work done by the security team member who is also a Freexian contributor.[33,34,35,36] Why does Debian LTS pay one security team member, but not the ones who are doing most of the work? At the hourly rate paid in LTS the money available equals two full-time positions, and one option would be to offer the members of our security team who are doing nearly all of the work this money so that they can quit (or at least reduce the hours at) their current work and work full- time on Debian security including LTS. Other solutions are possible, but Debian continuing to offer the same work paid and unpaid in different teams is not sustainable. [1] but there was no better option available at the time [2] https://www.freexian.com/services/debusine/ [3] https://www.freexian.com/services/ [4] https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2025/08/msg00005.html [5] https://summerofcode.withgoogle.com/programs/2026/organizations/debian [6] https://www.freexian.com/lts/debian/details/#faq [7] https://www.freexian.com/about/team/ [8] https://www.freexian.com/lts/ [9] https://lists.debian.org/debian-release/2025/09/msg00507.html [10] https://lists.debian.org/debian-release/2025/09/msg00509.html [11] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2025-09/ [12] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2026-05/ [13] https://www.freexian.com/lts/debian/ [14] https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/2026/msg00007.html [15] LTS and ELTS combined [16] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2024-03/ [17] https://web.archive.org/web/20240620143011/https://utkarsh2102.org/ posts/foss-in-march-24/ [18] https://web.archive.org/web/20240620141659/https://utkarsh2102.org/ posts/foss-in-feb-24/ [19] https://web.archive.org/web/20260414090616/https://utkarsh2102.org/ posts/foss-in-jan-24/ [20] https://web.archive.org/web/20260213185556/https://utkarsh2102.org/ posts/foss-in-dec-23/ [21] https://salsa.debian.org/freexian-team/extended-lts/security-tracker [22] https://salsa.debian.org/freexian-team/extended-lts/security- tracker/-/commit/49a400ede5d [23] https://salsa.debian.org/freexian-team/extended-lts/security- tracker/-/commit/c3f49879ae1 [24] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2024-04/ [25] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2024-05/ [26] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2024-06/ [27] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2024-07/ [28] https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts/2024/05/msg00004.html [29] https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts/2024/06/msg00002.html [30] https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts/2024/07/msg00014.html [31] https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts/2024/08/msg00002.html [32] https://salsa.debian.org/security-tracker-team/security-tracker/-/ commits/master [33] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2026-01/ [34] https://dl.gambaru.de/blog/202601_LTS_ELTS_report.txt [35] https://www.freexian.com/blog/debian-lts-report-2026-03/ [36] https://dl.gambaru.de/blog/202603_LTS_ELTS_report.txt Please watch_my_crowdfunding_video_to_learn_more_about_the_lawsuit_in_US federal_court. █ * IBM_in_the_Red_After_Bad_Results_(Shares_Down_in_After_Hours) * IRC_Proceedings:_Wednesday,_July_22,_2026 ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⢠⡾⠁⠀⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⣿⣻⣯⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢃⣼⣟⣤⡀⢀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣶⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⡿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡾⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠉⠉⣉⣴⣶⣶⠶⠾⠿⠖⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡀⠀⣷⣴⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡇⠂⣿⣿⣿⡟⠄⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣌⠀⠀⡇⠈⠉⠙⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠉⠉⢙⣿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠠⠤⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀ ⡿⠿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⡀⠉⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢇⣹⣿⡛⠛⣿⠟⣡⣄⠶⣙⠉⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣏⣀⣸⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠓⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣟⠂⢀⠐⡛⠓⠂⢲⣶⣶⠶⢾⣷⣤ ⠛⠛⢻⠋⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢃⣶⡆⠀⣠⣶⠶⣾⣋⣤⣿⣻⣬⣽⠶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⢀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⠍⠈⠉⢭⣷⠐⠛⢿⡿⣿⡛⠛⠛⠶⠀⢹⡥⠤⢤⣥⣭⣉⣱⣶⣘⢾ ⠀⠐⠒⠒⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⡜⠚⠛⠒⢻⡿⢲⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠉⠻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⣹⣿⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣻⣿⣤⣤⡼⠷⠂⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⣉⣈⣿⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⣾⣠⡤⣤⣶⣦⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠾⣟⣛⡿⠋⠁⠀⣠⣶⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠯⠍⠉⠉⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢹⣿⡏⠁⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣭⣭⣭⡭⠥⠤⠶⠎⠛⠛⠛⢋⠉⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣀⡸⠟⠁⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠠⠄⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠄⠲⠶⠶⠂⠢⣀⣟⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⡀⢠⣶⠀⠀⡺⡿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⣾⣶⣦⣂ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠖⢲⡶⣆⣂⠓⠒⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠉⠙⠋⠛⢩⡖⠒⢆⣤⣄⣀⣸⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢊⣀⣰⣴⣶⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⡦⣆⠀⢠⣤⡤⠤⢿⣿⢿⣷⣟⡛⢿⡿⡒⠶⠂⠀⠉⣿⣍⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛ ⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣯⣥⣈⣋⣢⡶⠾⠓⠒⠒⠒⠛⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡈⠙⠿ ⡏⡗⢒⣖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢶⠒⠒⠒⢲⣶⣶⠒⡝⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛ ⣿⣙⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣉⣿⣏⣉⣿⣿⣉⣹⣟⣋⣛⣋⣋⣙⣛⣛⢛⣙⣛⣋⣛⣋⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠷⠦⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢒⣶⠲⠶⢶⢶⠿⠶⣶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣖⢶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣛⣚⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣶⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⣛⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠮⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣯⣭⣉⣉⣸⡇⡌⡍⢉⠉⢉⠅⠉⢩⢹⡠⠘⣀⠃⡠⠸⢿⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⣙⣻⣙⡫⣛⣻⣏⣛⣉⣛⣹⣩⣻⣉⣛⣛⣛⣻⣟⣛⣋⣛⣋⣛⣟⣏⣋⢙⣻⢉⣛⣛⣛⣏⣟⣛⣋⣋⣛⣻⣛⢫⣛⣛⣛⣏⣛⣩⣛⣍⣛⣛⢛⣙⣟⡛⢉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⣙⣛⣙⣛⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣼⣶⣴⣾⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢿⣀⣹⣽⡇⣏⣍⣉⣉⣩⣫⣭⣉⣉⣭⣍⣭⣅⣥⣭⣉⣅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣯⣾⣧⣾⣿⣤⣄⣧⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣏⣿⣏⣹⢸⠀⡀⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⢿⡟⢻⢹⠛⠉⡟⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠿⠻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣶⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡖⠐⡖⠖⠶⠲⠒⠲⠶⠶⠒⠶⠲⠶⠖⠶⠲⠶⢲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠒⣶⡶⢲⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠛⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠓⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠋⣁⣉⡙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡏⢰⣿⢫⣭⢽⠀⣿⣿⡟⡛⠟⠿⠿⢿⡟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡟⡛⠿⠿⠻⠿⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⠸⣿⣌⡛⣈⣴⣿⣿⣇⣂⣀⣄⣀⣸⣇⣀⣄⣃⣸⣸⣿⣃⣋⣄⣂⣘⣘⣀⣀⣰⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣦⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣁⣈⣉⣹⣈⣈⣉⣁⣈⢉⣉⣹⣇⣋⣉⣏⣉⣩⣁⣉⣀⣉⣈⣋⣈⣹⣉⣌⣉⣉⣉⣁⣍⣩⣈⣉⣹⣉⣙⣁⣉⣉⡩⡋⡉⡏⡫⡩⠭⡏⠩⠩⠀⡫⠉⢈⠈⡋⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠙⣽⠍⠏⡏⣭⡯⠌⡝⠫⠋⢫⡟⠝⡉⡯⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡝⡝⠻⠟⡯⠟⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⢛⠙⠋⠛⠻⠛⠋⡟⠙⠙⠛⢛⣛⠛⡙⢻⠙⢻⠛⠙⠛⠛⠻⢙⡛⠛⢟⢛⡟⠙⢻⠛⠙⡻⣛⡛⣻⠛⠛⢛⠛⡛⣛⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠛⡏⡟⣻⢛⠛⢛⢛⡛⢛⢛⡟⡟⠙⢓⣚⣻⡟⠛⡟⡋⢛⡛⡛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⢛⡟⠙⢻⠻⠛⣿⡙⠟⢟⢛⢟⣟⠟⡟⠛⢿⡛⢿⠿⣛⡻⡻⡲⠟⢻⠿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠟⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠟⠿⡟⢻⣿⠿⠶⠿⠿⠿⡿⠻⠛⢿⡟⡿⠟⠻⠿⠟⠟⠿⡿⠿⠿⣶⡛⠾⠷⡖⠻⠾⠾⠚⠶⠿⢶⡷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡶⣶⡗⣶⣷⢶⣦⠶⣶⡶⡶⢶⠶⠶⡶⣷⣶⢶⠶⢶⠶⠷⣷⡶⣲⡖⣶⣶⢶⡷⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⢶⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣭⣵⣼⣱⣼⣯⣤⣥⣱⣽⣽⣽⢿⣯⣯⣿⣯⣯⣵⣽⣤⣴⣿⣽⣿⣽⣥⣽⣯⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣿⣿⣤⣼⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣮⣦⣿⣦⣶⣯⣴⣦⣷⣷⣿⣶⣴⣵⣵⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣵⣬⣦⣵⣾⣟⣾⣿⣾⣽⣤⣤⣧⣤⣷⣿⣷⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣾⣵⣼⣷⣼⣷⣧⣶⣿⣾⣷⣧⣼⣵⣶⣿⣿⣸⣯⣿⣟⣿⣿⣸⣹⣹⣟⣿⣟⣏⣟⣟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣉⣿⣫⣹⣿⣋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣏⣝⣘⣿⣻⣏⣯⣨⣍⣿⣉⣏⣝⣽⣋⣏⣻⣜⣏⣿⣏⡿⣛⣉⣝⣟⡋⣛⣙⣈⣉⣹⣹⣉⣈⣽⣟⣿⣻⣅⣀⣧⣍⣿⣻⣽⣿⣺⣼⣷⣵⣵⡯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣯⣩⣹⣹⣿⣭⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣽⣌⣉⣅⣝⣭⣏⡯⣍⣉⣝⣧⣿⣾⣼⣏⣻⣯⣯⣝⣯⣟⣯⣩⣉⣙⣍⣽⣯⣧⣉⣛⣭⣫⣹⣹⣽⢹⣯⢹⣽⡏⣿⡹⣯⡏⡫⡭⡛⡏⢯⣿⡏⡟⢿⢙⢻⢿⢿⢿⠻⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠛⢽⡛⢟⠟⠛⠿⠟⠝⡟⠙⠛⠋⠏⠛⣿⠩⠝⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⢿⠏⢻⠟⠛⡟⡝⠛⠋⠛⢛⠛⠛⡟⠛⢫⠿⡛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠹⢻⠋⢛⣟⠛⡟⠛⠛⠋⢛⠙⠛⠛⠙⠚⢻⠛⡛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡞⠀⠀⠸⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣴⣦⠄⠀⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣔⠂⢰⡻⠢⠜⡘⠅⠀⢠⡅⠀⢠⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠿⠿⠿⠘⢉⣁⣀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⣚⣟⣰⣓⢐⡲⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣯⡿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢐⣀⣀⠤⠤⠛⠑⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠀⠠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣶⡄⢻⠇⠀⠘⠿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⠤⢤⣤⡤⢤⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠸⣽⠂⠀⠀⢟⣯⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠇⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⡀⢴⣢⣀⠀⠙⣛⡛⠧⢤⡀⠡⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢟⠀⢸⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠄⠂⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⡴⠖⠈⣀⣴⣿⣭⣭⡭⠭⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡿⠴⠤⠴⡶⠶⠶⠦⠤⠄⠰⠤⢆⣤⣤⠼⠀⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣁⣚⣃⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣶⡞⢁⠀⠀⣘⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⠉⣠⣽⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⡂⠁⠉⠈⠉⠛⠋⠘⣍⣹⣛⣝⣙⣚⣻⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣉⣽⣶⣬⣟⡋ ⠥⠄⠀⢸⢏⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧ ⣶⠀⠀⢸⣗⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣜⠀⢸⠁⣾⣧⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠊⠉⠀⢈⡁⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣭⠀⢨⣽⣿⣿⣦⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣤⣼⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣶⣈⢹⡟⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣤⣔⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⣛⣤⡈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣦⠐⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⣻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⡜⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠘⣿⡿⠽⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⣴⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡑⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠻⠙⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢻⣿⣿⣿⣇⡟⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⢶⣿⡀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢊⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡍⣿⣹⠉⠙⣯⠻⡚⠓⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠧⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠹⡓⠁⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⢠⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⢡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⠼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣄⣿⡿⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⢝⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢸⡏⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⢘⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡛⢸⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⡗⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣦⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⢸⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡘⠳⢲⣒⣤⢀⣀⠀⣀⣀ ⣰⣄⡆⣠⣴⣧⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡦⠄⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⣿⡷⣾⣸⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⡅⠀⣸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⢀⣤⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⢏⠇⢹⢻⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣉⠈⠉⢁⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠀⢠⣶⣦⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⠂⠃⢙⣿⣿⣿⠟⢸⠀⢨⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⢹⣿⣿⣾⣿⡶⢿⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⠷⠲⠿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢽ ⠷⠚⠘⠘⢛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣷⣾⣷⣴⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠠⠈⠟⠿⠿⡇⢸⠀⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢢⣿⣷⣾⡶⠎⣿⣿⣤⢴⣏⣤⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⢸⣀⣴ ⡀⠸⠶⣴⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣻⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⢶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⡇⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⠶⠖⠻⠿⠷⠂⠀⣿⠐⠊⠀⠀⠀⠤⢩⡽⠛⣿⣻⣿⣇⣠⠀⢠⣿⣿ ⠑⠟⣢⡤⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⡇⠀⠀⠀⣦⠀⠀⠀⠃⣶⣶⢦⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣶⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠑⡄⡈⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⢲ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣧⠆⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡔⠀⠚⠀⠀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⡜⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈ ⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⠛⠻⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠁⠀⠠⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣶⣿⣛⣢⣤⣂⣾⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⡛⠳⠒⠋⠉⢙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡖⢀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠐⢦⣀⢷⠄⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣗⣥⣾⣧⡄⠀⠀⢸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠂⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢀⣤⣬⣭⣾⣇⣿⣿⣆⣀⣀⣀⣁⣀⣉⣷⠈⠿⢮⣆⠀⢘⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣦⡑⠾⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣟⠁⣀⠀⠀⠀⢂⣠⠑⠲⠧⠄⠀⠀⠄⠀⣷⣾⣩⡉⠉⡍⠙⡟⠛⠛⠿⠿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢁⣀⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⠀⠀⣀⠉⠻⣶⡿⠿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⣿⣟⡟⠻⣝⣙⣛⠘⠿⡇⠀⡟⠀⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⣶⣶⡆⠀⣸⣿⡶⢿⢿⣯⢀⡄⠇⡀⣅⣠⣆⢰⣠⢨⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣀⡻⠆⢸⡇⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣄⣡⣌⡺⢍⢉⣉⢩⣵⡇⠀⡇⢰⡇⠀⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⡇⣸⣯⣿⣺⣷⣸⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡈⠭⠍⢠⣄⢐⠒⠺⠃⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡭⢿⣧⠀⢹⣿⣸⡟⡇⠀⡄⢸⠁⠀⣿⡇⣸⣿⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠿⠟⣛⣛⡉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠘⢿⣷⣤⡀⠀⣂⣤⣤⠾⢿⣿⣿⡟⠉⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢸⠀⢀⣯⣥⡌⠈⠉⠀⡐⠿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣬⣿⣥⣮⣯⣭⣅⣤⣤⡤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⡯⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⢴⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣟⣻⣿⣛⣛⣛⣻⣋⣩⣤⣄⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠤⠤⠄⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠛⣁⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⢷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣷⣮⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡓⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠠⠤⠄⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠴⠶⠿⢿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢠⣿⣯⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠐⢊⣁⢉⣉⣁⣀⣌⣁⣤⢤⣄⢀⡀⠀⠀⠤⢁⡛⡾⢸⣿⣽⣿⠏⠀⠰⠂⠀⣈⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣭⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣶⣄⣠⣤⣤⣶⣦⣴⣖⡶⠞⠶⠿⠿⡿⣗⣿⣟⣯⢭⣥⣭⣵⣶⣖⣶⣾⣿⠭⠯⢬⠃⡇⠘⠛⠉⠁⢀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣷⣿⣿⣿⡧⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢯⣭⣿⣟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠸⣿⢹⠟⣵⣽⡖⢁⡤⠮⠾⠿⠿⢴⢟⣵⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣟⣼⣿⡏⠈⡿⣿⣿ ⣿⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡞⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡶⡔⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣭⣷⣿⣿⣿⢟⣻⣿⣿⢎⡿⠿⠭⢭⠭⢟⣋⣿⡟⠒⢎⠙⠿⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⢞⣻⣾⣿ ⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣴⡶⣽⣟⣿⣽⣾⡽⣿⣿⢳⢟⣼⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣯⣾⣝⣿⣟⣛⣓⣿⣿⡿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⡛⡿⠿⠿⠫⡾⠿⡦⠀⠀⠂⢉⠙⠽⢧⣯⣶⣮ ⡬⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣭⠷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣗⡂⣒⣒⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣻⣾⠻⠇⣴⣇⡁⡃⢚⣁⣁⣄⢈⣁⣀⣉⠛⡓⢖⠀⠟⠺ ⣿⣾⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣨⣿⣿⣽⣿⡿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣝⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡿⣼⣿⣿⣟⣛⣃⣓⣚⣿⡿⢏⣶⡬⡻⢿⠿⠳⠟⠉⡵⠶⡒⠛⠙⠺⡏⣾⢿⠿⣿⠙⠊⠀⠀⢿⠬ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣷⣿⢿⣿⣷⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢳⣿⣜⠻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣾⡎⢵⣟⢋⣢⡁⢐⣷⣎⣇⢇⡟⣰⣶⣘⣇⣈⣌⢉⣸⣸⡲⡨⣸⡜⣒ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⣿⡿⣯⣟⡻⣿⡛⣿⣫⣭⢹⣷⡩⠉⡬⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⡿⣶⣧⣿⣿⢛⣀⣿⣷⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢑⣾⢫⣾⣿⣇⠯⠅⢑⢘⡟⣛⡿⠏⣴⠿⣿⠿⣿⠟⠹⠽⡿⠿⢿⣪⣻⢿⡵ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣇⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⠽⢿⡇⣲⡵⣷⣿⣝⠿⢿⣟⣻⣾⣳⢿⣟⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⢒⢢⣝⠇⡩⡭⡱⡶⡲⡶⡶⡟⡻⢻⡾⣻⣛⢃⣏⢁⣿⣯⡅⣠⠆⣾⣇⠅⡇⠥⣄⢇⢀⠒⣀⡇⢸⣟⢸⣯⣤ ⡿⣛⢟⣿⡿⣾⣑⣮⡿⣶⣿⣎⡿⣻⣿⣿⢞⢦⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⡂⢒⣾⣙⣿⣗⣴⣮⣛⣌⢂⣄⣢⣧⡇⢂⣂⣷⣑⣅⣢⣇⠺⣳⣿⣮⠝⡁⡋⣕⣒⢛⡳⢿⣿⢿⡿⠳⣧⣳⡗⠻⢟⣾⣿⠲⢿⡿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣷⡿⣻⢬⣪⠿⣿⢟⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⠹⣷⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣾⢮⡿⣿⣶⣽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢙⣫⣶⣶⣷⣮⣻⣳⢼⠿⠆⡛⠉⠍⠉⠩⣵⣾⡾⡿⠸⡇⡇⡧⠅⣿⠸⡿⠘⢿⡸⢿⠸⢀⠄⠿⠨⢼ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣷⢳⢓⣿⡟⣙⣿⣷⣐⣒⣚⣻⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣽⣿⣿⣽⣷⢛⢷⣛⣧⣵⣟⣿⡉⣱⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⢡⣭⣵⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⠿⠿⠿⠗⣃⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡯⣭⣿⣻⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠿⣿⣀⣟⣷⡟⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣮⣭⣷⣿⣿⣾⣧⣬⡬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣯⣪⣦ ⢿⢟⣛⣭⠿⣿⣿⣳⣿⣏⣟⣟⣿⣯⠭⠫⠹⠝⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⡿⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣞⣿⣻⣹⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣽⣿⣿⣿⣟⣝⢯⣿⣿⣿⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢰⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢗⣂⢐⢒⡚⣽⢻⢹⣬⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⡙⠟⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⠿⢿ ⣟⣿⣿⣿⣯⠾⣿⡙⡋⣿⣿⡷⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣮⡹⣿⢸⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢟⣽⣼⣻⣿⣶⣴⣟⡿⣧⡛⣷⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢳⣿⣿⡿⣻⣯⣿⣍⣉⠙⢽⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣬⣿⣬⣯ ⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⣻⣻⢈⣥⡹⣿⣟⠛⠷⢿⠿⢯⣛⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣷⣦⡛⠳⣟⣾⣿⣯⡫⢿⣿⣷⣷⢰⣿⠿⢿⢫⣷⣜⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢟⡛⣟⣫ ⣿⣞⣿⣿⣿⡷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣷⣿⣷⣯⠟⣿⢛⡌⣢⣴⡾⠾⠿⢎⣿⣿⡇⣿⡝⠏⡟⡝⡏⡍⣿⡿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡽⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣧⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⡿⣸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣙⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣫⢾⣿⣿⣷⢸⣦⣁⣿⣿⡟⢿⢿⡟⣿⣿⣧⣭⣗⣼⣷⣵⣥⣧⣿⣯⣯⡿⢽⣧⣧⣭⣿⣿⣿⡝⢽⢯⣞⣿⣿⡼⢳⣿⡿⡿⢿⣷⣾⣷⣟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣏⡱⣋⣛⠻⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡼⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⡘⡜⣚⣻⣿⣿⣟⡛⣻⣪⣧⣿⡿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡻⠿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣯⢙⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣲⣗⡚⢂⣻⣺⢻⣵⣶⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣷⣽ ⣿⣿⣿⡎⣟⣿⠛⡟⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⢻⣿⠿⠻⠋⢾⡟⣿⣯⢻⢛⣻⣿⠼⡿⢷⡏⠛⠝⣻⡿⣻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣻⠊⢉⡝⢟⡉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢟⣿⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢭⣭⡽⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠂⡆⡇⠅⣯⠸⠾⠘⠪⠠⣇⠲⣠⠒⠸⢣⣿⢰⣾⡇⣳⡨⢤⡠⢄⢇⡐⡶⠘⡇⠅⡇⠁⣟⣻⢿⢿⣿⢝⣃⣊⣿⣶⣤⡰⣽⣿⣿⠟⣩⣵⣿⣭⣭⢻⣻⣿⣞⠋⣽⣿⡿⢟⡭⢡⣲⢪⣿⣿⣟⣾⣿ ⠛⣱⡐⣀⢉⡿⣿⠾⠄⠼⠿⠃⠾⣾⣿⣟⣿⡿⢛⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠹⣿⣶⣋⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⡾⣿⣿⣯⣷⠮⡛⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⣟⣟⣛⡚⣛⢛⢡⣾⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣿⡿⣛⣟⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⢯⣯⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣝⣻⣛⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⡅⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢪⣫⡟⣟⣿⣯⣽⣽⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿ ⣿⠟⣋⣛⡛⠍⣱⡶⣴⣷⡿⡿⢾⣿⢿⣿⡌⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡾⣮⣿⣛⣻⠼⣿⣟⣻⣖⣒⣒⣟⣫⣻⣧⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠾⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣷ ⢷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣯⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣴⣿⠶⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣿⠿⣖⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣻⡾⣿⢯⡯⠭⠭⠽⢿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠻⡁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢙⠿⠃⠀⠹⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢿⣿⠇⠈⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠿⠟⠿⠁⠀⠀⠋⠻⠛⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢠⢻⣿⣿⣷⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣄⠀⠸⠓⠣⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣦⣀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⠄⠀⣽⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣗⡩⠚⠡⢋⡾⠋⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠁⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠿⠾⠷⠶⠶ ⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣠⣤⡄⠒⠉⠉⠀⠘⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⡀⠐⠡⠐⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡉⠛⠣⣤⡴⢶⣜⠷⠩⢶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣤⡰⣦⣻⣿⡅⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠂⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⡀⢀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣷⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢠⣴⣷⡌⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢟⣗⡇⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠉⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢿⣗⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠐⠦⠤⢤⡘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣦⢠⣤⣽⣆⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣰⣿⣿⢷⣍⠻⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠃⠀⠀⠐⢦⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣁⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣾⣯⣽⠀⠀⠸⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣴⣧⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⣶⣤⣼⡯⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⢤⣠⣤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⠀⡅⡗⠀⠀⠀⠁⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠒⠉⠁⣿⢿⣿⣦⣌⣉⣙⣛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢟⠻⢏⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡿⠀⠘⣽⠃⠀⣀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡋⠀⠁⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠉⠉⢉⠋⣉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⡏⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⣸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣦⡄⢀⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠈⠀⠺⣿⡿⠗⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠃⢀⠀⡰⢠⣿⡆⢀⣤⣾⡿⠋⠊⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠙⠃⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢸⠂⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠈⠀⠁⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⡯⠀⡘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣾⠀⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠁⠸⢿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠀⣤⣄⠀⡀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠞⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡀⣀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡿⠀⠿⣿⠀⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡾⠋⠋⠉⠁⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⡄⣿⣿⣿⠂⢘⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣻⡿⠿⣿⣿⡥⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠟⢃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣀⣀⠀⣤⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡿⠟⣾⣿⣿⣿⠖⠀⠀⢄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⡯⠵⢦⠤⠋⠻⢇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣧⠀⢨⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢠⢸⣿⡏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣤⠀⠀⠀⠉⠳⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢀⣰⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⠂⣭⣭⣍⠉⣉⣛⠉⢀⣸⣾⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠇⠈⣾⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⠷⢀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠂⠀⠀ ⠀⠘⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠉⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡿⠟⢨⣿⣿⣿⣯⠙⠋⠰⣿⡿⠟⠻⣷⣶⣶⣴⣾⣶⣴⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠈⠛⢻⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣀⢰⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⣙⣻⣿⣽⣿⣿⣷⣷⢦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⡶⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣀⣈⡈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀ ⠀⠀⠃⠈⠙⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣷⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠈⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠯⢿⠿⢻⣇⠀⣀⢴⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⠟⠀⢤⣴⣿⡟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠦⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠻⣧⣴⣶⣶⣦⢸⣭⣿⣿⠿⠶⢦⣤⣈⣭⣷⣿⢶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣯⣉⣣⡙⠛⠿⠟⠒⠈⠁⠉⠁⠀⠀⢀⠈⠙⠯⣑⡺⠟⠋⠁⣠⡾⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣟⠁⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⢿⡿⠛⢿⣿⡟⠉⠉⠀⠀⠉⢻⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠲⠤⣀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠙⠋⠀⠈⠁⠈⠻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⠇⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⢁⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠠⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣼⣿⣿⣇⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢻⢿⣿⣿⡶⢾⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡉⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⡠⠂⠀⠀⠘⠿⠟⠉⢀⣼⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⣀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⡟⠛⠛⠛⢿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠾⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⡯⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡶⣴⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢩⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⠀⠀⣰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢏⣿⣶⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡏⢿⣷⠀⠰⠟⡛⠛⠏⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡏⠉⠁⡐⠾⡇⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⠏⠉⠀⠄⣾⣶⣶⣦⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴ ⠘⠳⣄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⠁⠈⠿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⡀⠈⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⢀⣙⣻⡇⠀⣿⣶⣦⡭⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⣿⣭⣼⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣔⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣿ ⠀⠀⢿⣷⣤⣤⣬⡶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⠿⠛⠭⣑⣲⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⣴⣿⣿⣿⡇⠸⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣷⣬⣛⠙⠿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠟⠀⠀⠻⠿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⡴⣳⣬⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣠⣿⣁⠀⢨⣁⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⣦⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣛⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡝⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⡋⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠄⠠⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⠠⠇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣤⣤⣷⣸⣿⣿⣿⡟⣉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣋⡁⢀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠙⠐⠀⠀⣸⣿⡿⢿⣷⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣨⣉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⠄⣽⡿⡍⠙⡿⠶⠆⠿⠿⠁⠨⠿⢿⡏⢠⠛⠛⣉⣙⠋⢻⣿⠁⣀⡁⠀⢿⣿⣿⣽⣟⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣙⠳⣾⣙⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠁⠙⠻⣿⠟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠐⠚⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠠⣶⢶⣿⡾⠾⠿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠀⠐⡶⡿⣷⢰⣞⣔⣒⣬⠉⠈⠀⡴⣷⣿⡄⠈⠋⠀⠉⠙⠷⠜⢋⣁⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠭⣽⣤⣿⣿⣶⣿⠹⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠀⠏⠉⠀⠀⠀⢐⠘⠛⢿⠀⠀⡞⢻⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠫⣽⣿⡿⠻⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⢠⠐⣉⣀⠁⣾⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⣨⡽⣿⡯⠿⠿⢿⣿⣄⣼⣿⣿⢪⣿⡇⠀⠈⠙⢶⠀⣀⣿⣿ ⠠⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠠⣠⠈⢠⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠙⠄⣴⡄⢀⡐⣿⡚⡟⠻⡟⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠁⢀⠋⣀⣀⡀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⡆⠀⠀⢂⣀⣈⣉⠙ ⠂⠞⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣴⣤⣴⣿⣤⣀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⡹⠀⠀⠀⠲⠃⠀⠀⡰⢂⡿⠦⠼⣦⣾⠏⠵⠓⣣⣠⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠿⠟⠓⡄⠀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣿⣁⠀⠀⢿⠿⠿⣿⡇ ⠀⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠉⢡⡄⠈⠀⠘⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⠀⠀⠉⠁⠡⣠⡄⣽⣏⠠⣀⣠⣿⣹⣿⡀⠊⠁⠀⢤⣤⣴⡶⠄⠂⠀⠁⢰⢴⣿⣿⠃⢿⣿⣿⣿⣖⠀⡶⢷⣶⣿⣿ ⢹⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣵⠀⠀⠀⢈⣠⠀⢃⠀⢸⢿⣧⣻⣿⡟⡜⠻⢿⣿⣿⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠑⠛⠅⢿⢿⣿⠿⣦⣥⣭⠿⠟⣯ ⢨⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⡀⣌⠏⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⠈⢿⣿⠀⢀⢸⡿⣿⠈⠻⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠈⠁⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣻⣶⣱⣀⣜⠃⠀⠀⠈⠙ ⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⣶⠟⡸⠐⡈⠀⣾⣿⠀⠀⠈⢿⡇⠘⡞⠤⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠸⠁⠀⠕⠳⡿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠷ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠨⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠒⠛⢰⠡⠃⢀⡼⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢾⣄⢺⠘⡛⢗⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡾⠆⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⠆⠈⠹⠷⢇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣆⠀⠂⠛⠲⡄⠀⠀⣋⣉⣉⠡⠀⢶⢠⣤⣈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣩⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠐⢂⡉⡀⠄⠀⠉⠲⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣊⠀⠀⡠⢾⣇⣀⣀⣹⢗⣿⣿⣲⣿⡆⠙⠩⣡⡤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠄⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠐⢻⠏⠀⠏⣴⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣐⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠶⠿⠂⠉⠛⡿⠫⣿⡿⣿⡋⠉⢄⣋⢓⣾⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠨⠀⠀⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠄⠠⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⢻⡇⠀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀⣠⣤⣤⣭⣉⣁⣥⠈⠑⠢⠅⠋⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠁⠀⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠙⠛⠛⠻⠯⢖⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠦⡀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠣⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠢⢧⣥⣘⡟⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡒⠿⡇⠀⠈⠀⠁⠉⢙⠿⠷⠻⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠓⠸⢿⣯⣝⠑⠙⠿⢫⡿⣿⣧⣿⢫⠷⢵⣷⣠⡿⠧⡄⠠⣴⠀⠘⠴⢦⠶⡾⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢽⣓⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣆⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⡀⠀⢈⠀⠁⠀⠂⠘⠟⠀⣭⣔⣰⣷⣾⣿⣿⡉⠡⠿⢿⡶⣶⣿⣷⡚⡗⡁⠢⣶⣤⣤⣻⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⠀⣀⣄⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠘⢸⣮⣟⣿⣟⡛⡫⢍⡙⣽⠇⡶⢷⣾⣗⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣒⣛⠙⠡⠭⣥⣟⢿⣽⣇⡤⣶⣤⣄⡀⠀⡀⣿⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠒⠂⢛⢏⠁⢸⣶⡆⠈⡁⣉⠁⠈⠈⠉⠉⠉⡟⠟⣛⣏⢞⡿⢿⣿⣿⣊⣀⣻⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣳⣶⣷⣿⣿⣟⢿⡿⡿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣾⣭⣬⣿⣶⣾⣦⣞⣓⣂⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⣀⡈⠙⠀⡨⣳⣴⣤⡷⣼⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣷⣿⣷⣲⣴⢷⣧⣽⣿⠫⣋⣳⣿⣻⡿⠿⢿⣯ ⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣠⡳⣱⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡧⢥⣄⣦⡿⣿⣾⡟⢻⣛⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣿⣞⡼⠋⠀⣦⣤⣥⣥⣄⣳⣖⣀⢀⣶⣶⡄⠵⠷⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣷⣒⢷⢇⣻⣿⣿⡟⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿ ⣦⣼⣽⣿⣛⣟⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣃⣼⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⡠⣴⣶⣿⣷⡇⢀⣶⣸⣇⢀⣤⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⡝⠁⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢠⠓⠐⠒⣦⣸⣿⣿ ⠛⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡟⢻⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡉⣿⠿⣷⡇⠀⣸⣿⣇⡴⠇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣷⣽⣏⣟⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠐⡒⠬⣍⣍⣯⣽⣿⣛⢿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣐⣾⣯⣾⣮⣭⣷⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣾⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢠⢟⣽⣯⣭⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⠁⠀⣠⠾⠋⠱⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡾⠀⠐⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱ ⣾⣿⣷⣷⢓⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢏⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⡯⣻⢿⠇⠀⡴⠁⠀⠀⣴⣽⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⡼⠋⣠⢞⣽⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠒⠂⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢚⠋⠙⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⣴⠟⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠶⠄⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⡝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠊⣀⢀⡅⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠻⠁⠊⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿ ⢿⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢨⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡾⡏⣻⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⢂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢡⡌⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⠏ ⣷⣿⣿⣭⠀⢀⣾⣿⣭⣾⣷⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⢄⣸⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠨⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⡳⠀⢈⠁⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⡏⠀ ⠆⠋⣉⡇⣡⠸⠝⠉⠑⢂⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⠏⢰⠿⠛⡁⠍⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣇⠿⣿⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠛⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣀⡈⠀⠀⠘⠀⢠⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⠈⣻⡄⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⠟⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠈⡐⣰⠜⣺⢠⢂⣁⣤⣤⣿⣿⣖⠾⠈⣎⡧⠖⣿⣿⣏⣛⣹⣿⡏⠀⠀⠅⠁⢾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣛⡯⢽⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠐⠄⠀⠀⢀⣴⡿⡷⠋⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⡀⠀⢀⣠⣖⣞⡯⣾⣻⣟⢿⣧⣿⣿⣿⡤⣄⡤⢤⣿⠛⢉⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠟⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣇⣀⣠⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠟⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢉⣁⠀⢹⣭⣿⣷⣿⣿⡿⠟⡉⠉⠈⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣦⣴⣤⢶⣶⢆⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠘⠖⠠⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢀⡌⢳⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀ ⢴⠎⠀⣿⢙⣸⢿⡧⢏⣃⠀⢠⣤⣤⠺⣿⢿⢮⣿⣽⣷⢿⠽⠚⡋⠝⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣺⣮⡀⠀⠀⠁⢂⠀⠀⣶⣦⣦⣶⣴⣿⣽⣿⣿⣇⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⢸⡇⠸⡇⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣶⢾⣿ ⢀⡤⠝⠸⢜⢷⣯⣌⣏⠙⡉⠈⣈⡸⡩⡾⣿⠙⠝⣻⠵⠗⡉⠀⠀⣀⡀⠄⢄⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡆⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⣿⣟⣟⣻⣿⣿⡿⡿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⢿⣾⡇⣾⠃⠀⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣰⡏⢸ ⣿⡿⢟⡿⣖⣑⢝⣻⣿⡿⡱⡷⣾⢷⣳⢉⠨⠒⠁⠀⣰⢘⣫⣼⣿⣿⢿⣷⣽⣭⣾⣞⡜⣣⣑⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣯⣞⡷⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⡉⠀⠀⣸⣆⠁⠀⠀⠰⣿⠁⢸ ⣛⣚⣿⢂⡰⡥⡘⡻⣑⠃⣓⡱⠇⠊⠁⠀⡀⣤⣶⣶⣾⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣟⢿⣿⣵⠎⠙⠉⠀⠀⠠⣤⠻⢟⢻⣶⣫⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣾⣟⣿⢷⣄⡐⣠⣽⣟⣿⡀⠠⢱⣷⡿⠀⢘ ⢭⠖⠫⢗⢳⣰⢥⠲⠘⠈⠁⢀⣐⣤⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢿⡽⢿⠧⢠⣀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣔⡻⢿⣺⠊⢿⣻⢿⡯⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠿⣣⠾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣷⣿⣷⣿⡉⠁⠢⣶⣶⡇⠀⠰ ⢳⣫⡵⠍⠓⠉⣀⢰⣴⣢⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣷⣿⣦⣿⣷⣿⣿⢟⣿⢶⡾⣾⣞⣍⣻⣾⣷⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣽⣿⣿⡶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢽⡇⢒⣼⣽⡇⠀⠈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠙⡿⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⡏⣍⠋⡻⡯⠩⡏⠿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣼⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⢣⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣭⢠⣬⣭⣭⣷⡗⣴⣥⣬⣷⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢲⣶⣶⣶⣥⠉⣥⣶⣾⢶⡶⣲⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣽⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣺⣿⣿⣿⣇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣬⠨⣵⣦⣢⣔⡇⢤⡭⣭⣶⣶⡣⣶⣶⣶⣶⣖⢲⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢹⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⠿⣙⣉⣘⠽⣿⣿⣿⡇⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣾⢴⣿⣿⣿⣽⠭⣾⣿⡿⣿⠿⠇⢟⠭⠺⢤⣖⡿⡇⣘⠿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡶⡰⣶⣶⣶⣶⠖⢶⢶⣴⣶⣶⠁⡌⠞⣝⣟⣾⣾⣟⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣟⣶⣶⣿⣶⣯⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣶⡇⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⡇⡼⢟⣛⣿⣫⣿⣻⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⣿⣓⣲⣿⣿⢟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣟⣿⣟⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⣭⡁⢰⠔⠆⡴⢲⡄⡖⡖⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣯⡗⣿⣯⣭⣭⡽⢼⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠿⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠧⠴⠃⠇⠇⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣯⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣇⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⢻⠯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣟⢽⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡌⢉⠌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡏⠀⠁⡷⢲⡄⢰⠖⠂⠒⡆⠀⣴⡒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢰⠀⠈⡜⣗⣲⡓⢺⡷⣿⠹⣿⣿⡻⡿⣿⡇⠒⠒⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢺⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠳⠤⠆⠇⠸⠇⠸⠀⠀⠤⠧⠄⠦⠽⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣺⣿⣯⡍⢸⣿⢟⡷⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢚⣓⣂⢸⣛⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⣒⣲⡄⡖⡖⡆⡷⠲⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⣆⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⠿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠿⠶⠆⠳⠞⠇⠇⠇⠇⠟⠶⠃⢠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⠼⣆⣀⣀⣈⠉⢱⡆⢠⣆⣂⡀⡤⠥⣤⣀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣈⣩⠛⠿⢿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⢿⢿⣛⣺⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣽⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡇⢸⡇⣖⣛⡆⡷⠛⡆⠐⡆⠀⣚⣳⡄⡶⢻⡆⠀⠀⠂⠈⡨⠶⠶⢶⡶⣒⡠⢩⣙⢲⣧⡊⣟⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢞⣽⣾⣿⡶⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠓⠚⠁⠓⠒⠂⠛⠚⠁⠒⠓⠂⠓⠚⠃⠃⠘⠃⠀⠀⣀⠆⡀⡠⣞⡛⠋⠉⣴⣾⡿⢉⠙⣣⣈⣿⢋⣂⣻⢹⣷⣵⢟⢏⣯⣿⣿⣯⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠂⠾⢿⠏⠀⠀⣜⣻⡟⠁⠈⣴⣿⡟⡐⢈⣿⡿⣳⢧⡿⡚⢛⣏⡭⣭⣩⢻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠾⣿⠟⠀⢠⣾⣿⠑⡠⠈⢣⣵⢶⣶⣶⣿⣶⡅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣔⢤⠦⠀⢠⣀⠤⣠⣄⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⠘⠛⠋⠀⠀⡾⠁⣀⣀⣀⡀⠉⠛⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣖⣒⣒⣒⣶⣒⣒⣒⣲⡆ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥ ⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣟⢛⣛⠛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡷⡶⣷⡶⠶⢶⣷⣾⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣗⢺⡟⠳⠶⠾⠷⡿⡿⠿⢞⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠷⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠺⡿⠾⠻⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡍⢨⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣭⣭⣩⣭⣽⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣯⣿⣧⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣬⣯⣯⣭⣯⣭⣥⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣧⣦⣤⣤⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡧⢬⡷⢦⣤⣶⡤⣧⣧⢦⣤⣤⣿⣽⡿⣿⣿⡿⣯⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⠛⠓⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⠛⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡷⠾⡷⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⠒⠒⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠒⠒⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡷⠾⡿⡷⠾⡾⠶⠿⠾⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢭⠭⠭⢩⡭⢉⠭⠩⠭⠭⠩⠥⢭⠏⡍⠯⠯⠍⠯⠭⠩⠍⠩⢩⠭⠭⠭⠏⡩⣹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣮⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣿⣋⣽⣟⣹⣿⣟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢯⣵⣾⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣸⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⢻⢿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣿⢿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠉⠀⠀⠙⡆⠀⢠⠄⡇⢠⠄⡄⢸⠠⣄⢨⠀⠤⢤⠀⡄⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠸⡀⡇⠸⣉⡁⢸⣀⠏⢸⠀⣎⢹⠀⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠁⣠⣶⠿⠷⣦⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢸⣿⡇⢾⢿⣹⠁⣿⣿⣿⡏⠍⠁⡂⡛⢛⢻⡁⡚⡛⠉⠛⠋⡙⢻⡇⣭⡍⠛⠛⠃⡛⢠⠛⠹⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⠘⢿⣷⣤⣉⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣴⣧⣥⣤⣿⣧⣧⣧⣭⣦⣧⣿⣼⣧⣭⣤⣤⣥⣤⣥⣼⣬⣬⣼⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣌⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣇⠠⡈⠀⡅⠀⢠⠀⠀⡂⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢀⠀⡀⠀⢨⠀⣹⢀⣤⢰⠀⠀⠂⢀⠀⠂⠀⢰⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠆⠘⢰⢰⡆⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠂⣾⠐⠈⠀⠂⡆⠂⡈⠐⠀⡄⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣏⢉⡹⣉⣩⡉⣩⡉⣉⣉⡈⡩⡍⠉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⡉⢉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣍⡉⡉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣇⣀⣄⣀⣀⣇⢉⣥⣀⣍⣁⣬⣅⣀⣁⣈⣨⣉⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣟⠻⠿⠿⠻⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣛⣉⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡷⣄⣈⣻⣿⣿⣇⣨⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢠⡇⠀⣄⡌⠀⠀⣘⠁⠀⠀⣱⡄⠁⢰⡇⠸⡇⠀⠀⠁⠀⡄⠀⣿⣿⣆⠀⠈⠛⠛⣸⣿⡗⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣼⣧⣤⣿⣷⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣤⣯⣤⣦⡄⠣⢰⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣴⣶⣿⡿⠁⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣈⡙⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡟⠛⠻⠟⠛⠟⠻⠛⠛⠛⠟⢻⠛⠛⠟⠛⠻⠟⠟⢛⠛⠻⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠟⠻⣛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣇⠀⠠⠀⠈⢔⠋⣐⠡⠀⠀⠌⢈⠸⠈⠁⡨⠄⡅⢀⢀⠈⠈⡅⣍⠀⢀⡇⠃⠀⠀⣀⡡⡈⡦⠤⠀⠀⢅⠀⡣⠄⠀⠄⣉⠅⡤⡀⡠⣁⢄⠁⠹⢄⡅⢨⣁⠀⠈⠀⢄⠅⠥⠠⠀⣇⣀⣀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡧⠀⠤⠀⠤⠤⠀⠸⠤⠤⠠⠂⠈⢤⠤⠄⠦⠤⠤⢤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣄⣴⣤⣴⣤⣦⣤⣧⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣴⣦⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣄⣠⣤⣤⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣟⣁⣈⢁⣉⡉⣉⣈⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣁⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣉⣉⣀⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⢘⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣙⣈⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣹⣉⣁⣈⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⡉⠙⣋⣻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣄⣰⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣟⣁⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡟⠋⠛⡟⠛⠙⠙⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠟⠙⠛⠙⠋⠛⠛⠛⢹⠛⠛⠋⠋⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⡉⢉⢉⣉⢩⣉⢏⣉⣱⡉⡉⣉⣉⣍⣁⣈⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣙⣃⣉⣀⣉⣉⣙⣉⡉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣎⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣏⣀⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣧⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣀⣄⣠⣀⣦⣠⣤⣄⣤⣤⣀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡏⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠉⠛⡛⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠻⠙⠋⠛⡟⠛⠋⡛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠟⠛⠙⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠟⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠉⠛⡛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡟⠚⠘⠰⡈⡞⠂⠜⡈⠑⠁⠉⠘⢱⠼⡁⠘⠛⠉⠓⡎⠀⠋⠙⠀⠘⠸⠀⢚⡈⢑⣠⡆⢉⠁⠚⡚⠫⡋⠹⢷⣶⣿⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣧⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⠯⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣨⣍⣍⣮⡈⢩⣽⣼⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣍⣹⣏⣭⣭⣏⣉⣍⣍⣿⣿⣯⣏⣭⣍⣭⣍⣩⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣍⣭⣩⣹⣿⣯⣭⣉⣽⣽⣿⣯⣍⣭⣿⣿⣝⣩⣽⣍⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ 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⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠁⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⣛⣙⣛⣋⣟⣛⣛⣻⣛⣟⣛⣟⣏⣙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣝⣻⣛⣿⣝⣛⣛⡟⣛⣟⣻⣛⣻⣯⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⠰⡇⢀⠰⠀⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣬⣽⣦⣴⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⣘⣒⣀⣀⣀⣂⣀⣀⣀⣴⣿⣽⣾⣾⣿⣦⣦⣧⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⢿⣏⢿⠛⣏⢛⢻⢉⠙⠻⢻⢹⠹⢋⠟⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠴⠆⠢⠆⠄⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠙⣿⠭⠛⠉⠛⡏⡙⠝⠹⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠐⢰⣶⡶⠀⠹⠓⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⣤⣧⣬⣴⣯⣬⣤⣤⣥⣼⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⠀⠀⢨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⣼⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣥⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠛⠻⠛⠟⠻⢛⡻⠻⡟⠟⠟⡛⠟⡛⡟⠛⠻⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠒⠀⠠⠀⠀⠒⠐⠐⠶⣿⢿⠛⠛⣻⢟⠻⠛⠛⡟⡛⢛⠿⡿⠻⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡏⢛⣙⡻⠟⢻⢫⢟⠛⠙⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠿⢿⡻⠟⠛⠛⢿⣿⠉⠙⣿⢻⡿⡛⢛⢻⡫⠛⠛⠻⠋⠋⢛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠩⢡⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢲⣀⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⣭⣭⣽⣭⣷⣭⣭⣯⣽⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⡀⠀⠀⠅⣹⡟⣿⣼⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣽⣭⣯⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⠿⡿⡟⠿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠀⢀⣿⡻⢿⠿⣿⡻⢿⠿⡿⠿⡿⢿⠿⢿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠤⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠦⠼⣿⣿⣾⣿⣽⣿⣵⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣺⣼⣽⣿⣛⣣⣗⣕⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠍⠉⠉⢻⣟⠿⠿⠟⢻⠿⠿⢿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⠛⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⡻⠟⠿⠿⠿⡟⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⣉⣏⣙⣩⣟⣹⣉⣉⣏⣹⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣯⣉⣉⣉⣋⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠠⠄⠠⠄⠀⠸⠔⠷⠤⠀⣸⣿⢖⣿⣹⣿⡨⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⢿⣿⣗⣽⣽⣿⡓⢢⣗⢅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⢻⣟⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡟⡟⠻⠟⠿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣦⢸⣯⣤⣥⣤⣥⣤⣬⣥⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣸⢸⣏⣛⣛⣛⣻⣯⣛⣙⣟⣻⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢸⠅⢸⡿⢿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡀⢸⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠡⢻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⠹⢻⡩⢍⡏⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4078 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IBM_Cash_Down_6_3_Billion_From_Year_end_2025_Total_Debt_Equity_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IBM_Cash_Down_6_3_Billion_From_Year_end_2025_Total_Debt_Equity_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IBM Cash "Down $6.3 Billion From Year-end 2025." Total Debt/Equity 188.97%. (Debt Can Exceed the Company's Real Value)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IBM New CEO - Total debt on balance sheet (from 1996 to 2026)⦈ Some of the latest figures have not yet arrived or been calculated in a consistent fashion (composites) [1, 2], but on the face of it IBM - like Oracle - deserves "junk" status. The Financial_Times has said that "IBM ended the second quarter with $8.2 billion of cash, restricted cash and marketable securities, down $6.3 billion from year-end 2025. The company invested $10.5 billion in acquisitions this year. Debt, including IBM Financing debt of $13.0 billion, totaled $62.0 billion, up $0.7 billion year to date." The PIPs and RAs were not enough. Don't worry, the CEO alone can make well over $0.7 billion in 5 years of salaries and bonuses. █ * Wave_of_PIPs_Allegedly_Coming_to_Microsoft,_Managers_Trained_to_Terminate Employees_Without_Paying_Severance_(and_Without_Calling_it_Layoffs) * What_Happens_When_Windows_Becomes_as_'Niche'_as_GNU/Linux_on_Desktops_and Laptops ⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⠨⢸⣌⢸⣟⣻⣿⡏⠎⡰⠢⢹⣿⡱⢸⠠⡇⢌⠰⣿⠠⡇⣾⣿⠠⡇⢸⠘⠌⣧⢸⠰⡧⢼⡯⠚⢰⢉⠦⡱⢴⢾⣇⡇⡆⡆⢎⢰⢱⣿⡷⢸⠤⡠⢇⡥⢸⡇⠎⠎⣿⠂⢆⠇⡗⢼⠨⡷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣗⣏⣸⣃⣃⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⣹⣙⣩⣟⣉⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⡟⠹⠉⠉⢹⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣻⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⡿⠻⠛⠛⢻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣧⣬⣤⣤⣼⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣏⣘⣈⣀⣸⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⣀⣠⣢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣕⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣨⣸⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣕⣇⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣨⣒⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣕⣀⣀⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⡻⠛⠛⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⣛⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4145 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IBM_Falls_Below_200_Expect_199_or_Less_Today_Panic_Threshold.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IBM_Falls_Below_200_Expect_199_or_Less_Today_Panic_Threshold.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IBM Falls Below $200, Expect $199 or Less Today (Panic Threshold)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026, updated Jul 23, 2026 Last night: IBM_in_the_Red_After_Bad_Results_(Shares_Down_in_After_Hours) Right now ($200 after_hours): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IBM Common Stock⦈ When the market opens (soon) IBM will likely be in psychologically meaningful new territories of "below 200" (dollars). Will this be enough to topple the managers? Possibly. █ =============================================================================== Update: Congrats, you have made it today: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IBM Common Stock⦈ In the words of a commenter today [1, 2]: § Numbers Don’t Lie. Makeup Does⠀➾ Q2 is out. Revenue basically flat. Free cash flow flat for the half. And yet the letter reads like a highlight reel: double-digit growth here, “strong performance” there, three bold priorities for the back half. Look closer, and the growth is concentrated in exactly the places you’d expect if the story were built on acquisitions rather than the underlying business. Automation up 3%. Sounds modest until you remember that’s the segment carrying HashiCorp and Apptio (both bought, both being folded into the base, both getting a full year of “integration growth” before the comparison gets tough). Data up 18%, presented like IBM is winning the AI battle. Except Data is also where Confluent landed. Strip out an acquisition that closed months ago and ask what the legacy products in that category actually did on their own (that’s the number nobody puts in bold). This is the oldest trick in inorganic growth: buy a company, fold its revenue into your segment, get a full year of easy comps while contracts get renewed and “blue-washed” under the new parent, and call the blended number your own performance. It works, for about a year. Then the acquisition anniversaries into the base, the easy comp disappears, and the segment needs the next acquisition to keep the story going. That’s not a growth engine. That’s a treadmill with a one-year lap time. Meanwhile the parts of the business that were never propped up by an acquisition tell a rougher story. Infrastructure down 7%. Transaction Processing down 9% (they’re the same story told twice). Transaction Processing is the software that rides on Z. No mainframe refresh, no new Z capacity, no large deals closing (no new MLC licensing booked either). Hardware and software here aren’t two separate lines on a slide, they’re one engine: when Z doesn’t sell, the software tied to it doesn’t sell either, and both numbers fall together because they were never actually independent. Which raises the uncomfortable question: how much of this business is actually layered on top of itself? Acquired revenue propping up Automation and Data while the base underneath goes quiet. Mainframe hardware and mainframe software rising and falling as one, dressed up as two separate growth stories. Each piece needs the piece below it to keep moving, or the whole structure stalls at once. Call it what you want (a treadmill, a house of cards, a pyramid where each new acquisition is there to cover for the last one’s fading comp): the pattern is the same, nothing underneath is generating growth on its own, it’s all leaning on something else that has to keep being fed. Revenue flat overall at $17.2 billion. Free cash flow flat at $4.8 billion for the half. If the “real” IBM (the part that isn’t riding a recent purchase or a hardware refresh cycle) is shrinking while acquisitions and mainframe timing carry the average, the honest question isn’t “is IBM a software company.” It’s “whose growth is this, actually, and what happens the quarter the props stop arriving on schedule?” And right on schedule, the answer on offer is another reshuffle (new titles, new coverage models, a new operating structure for the back half). But renaming jobs doesn’t change what’s underneath them. If the growth was never really organic to begin with, no amount of reorganizing who sells it or what they’re called is going to make it real. And this isn’t a new discovery. The pattern has been visible on the ground for years (it just took a bad quarter for the market to finally notice what employees already knew). That’s the part worth sitting with: this wasn’t leadership missing a hidden signal. It was leadership seeing it, for years, and being too arrogant to admit the story needed correcting. Too invested in a stock price number (chasing $300 a share) to step back and ask whether the growth underneath it was real. And even if the July reorg were the right diagnosis, it isn’t the right timeline. Deployment takes months to show up as revenue under the best conditions, longer when the team doing it just got reshuffled and has to relearn who owns what. A reorg launched mid- year, needing to prove itself by year-end, is asking for a “wow” effect on a clock that deployment has never once run on. Nobody deploys enterprise software in one or two quarters just because leadership needs a good Q4 slide. So the real question isn’t whether the numbers improve by December; it’s whether anyone at the top is honest enough to say, out loud, that they won’t, and that expecting otherwise is expecting a miracle from a plan that was never built with that timeline in mind. Numbers tell the truth when you sit with them long enough. Put makeup on them (bold a growth rate, bury the segment it came from, skip the base it’s being compared against) and they’ll tell you whatever story needs telling that quarter. This quarter’s story needed rescuing. The last-minute reorg landing on top of it isn’t the fix. It’s one more coat of makeup on a number that’s going to need a lot more than that to hold up next quarter, when the acquisitions currently doing the heavy lifting start looking like ordinary IBM again. "Completely agree," an early reply said. "To add, for inorganic growth, IBM is borrowing heavily to purchase a new SW company. Sudden decrease in revenue (and profit) means IBM's already heavily leveraged balance sheet will constraint IBM's ability to acquire yet another company to buy its way to revenue growth. "SW growth was already slowing before MF revenue disaster hit. That's two strikes now. Next potential problem is watsonx products. There are chatters and mixed views about its competitiveness." "I suspect IBM share price will stagnate for a while." Another one asked: "What kind of reorganization is IBM planning?" Or: "It’s been lipstick on pig for a long long time..." (another comment there to the same effect) Another new thread expresses_pessimism: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇If you're smart, you're job hunting. If you're not, well, you're going to be caught off guard when things get worse. And they'll get much, much worse.⦈ On what_happens_next: IBM layoffs upcoming! IBM will silently laying people off after the stock crash... From what I've seen, this is how they do it: They suddenly label people as "low performers" (making up stories if they have to) and try to push them into quitting. They put people on PIPs (1–3 month Performance Improvement Plans) and then fire them. The goal seems to be avoiding severance. They make your work life miserable until you leave on your own. If you're thinking about joining IBM, I'd honestly look somewhere else. In my experience, the company doesn't have many interesting projects anymore, and management is pretty bad. Most managers have no clue how to lead or manage teams. Just my opinion based on what I've seen in this company over the years. IBM marked about 15% of its staff as "low performers". It can PIP and discard over 30,000 people very quickly; no WARN notices. This was a_few_hours_ago: "I got 1:1 yesterday... You know what was the reason of the call..." 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇ I got 1:1 yesterday... You know what was the reason of the call...⦈ * Gemini_Links_23/07/2026:_SharePoint_Rants_and_“Junk_DNA”_in_Commented-Out Code * Down_848%_Year-on-year,_Negative_Cash_Flow,_Growing_Debt_(Richest_Man_on the_Planet_or_Shrewd_Scammer?) ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⣛⡣⣿⢀⢿⢱⢸⣿⡧⣿⣿⣿⢫⣭⢻⢩⣍⢫⡝⡏⣫⡝⣭⢹⢋⣭⣻⡏⣭⢹⣿⣯⣛⢿⡅⣽⢫⣭⢻⢫⣭⣿⠸⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣧⣭⣥⣿⣼⣦⣿⣼⣿⣷⣭⣭⣽⣬⣭⣾⣼⣿⣼⣧⣧⣿⣧⣿⣼⣮⣭⣼⣧⣿⣼⣿⣮⣭⣼⣧⣽⣬⣭⣾⣬⣭⣿⣼⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡿⣽⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣾⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣯⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣌⣫⣿⣿⢸⣆⣉⣈⣁⡈⣏⡉⢉⣉⣉⣍⣅⣀⣹⢩⣉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠷⠶⠾⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣋⡋⣿⣿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠏⡽⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢿⣿⣮⣵⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢛⢻⣿⠿⢿⠿⡿⣿⢻⠿⠿⢿⡟⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣬⣬⣯⣽⣬⣅⣥⣭⣼⣭⣥⣼⣇⣬⣤⣬⣤⣤⣽⣼⣤⣬⣥⣬⣥⣬⣧⣵⣬⣽⣬⣭⣯⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍⣉⣉⣩⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠫⡛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠙⢛⣟⠛⠟⠛⠻⠛⠉⠙⠛⢹⠟⡛⢻⠉⠭⠋⡏⡏⠋⠉⠛⠛⣏⠩⢉⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿⠍⠙⡛⠛⡏⠛⠋⠙⠋⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⡻⠾⢿⢛⠿⠻⠿⠞⣿⡿⡟⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡛⠛⠛⡿⡿⠛⠻⠿⣻⡿⡿⠟⡟⠻⢻⢛⠿⠿⠿⠟⡟⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣟⠺⠟⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢟⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠾⠿⠿⢿⠻⠿⠿⡿⢷⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠷⡾⠿⠿⠿⡿⠻⠷⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣶⣶⢶⣷⣶⣶⣷⡾⠾⠷⠿⣶⡶⠶⢾⣾⣶⣮⠼⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣧⣼⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣧⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣖⣶⣶⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⠉⣉⣍⣅⣉⣙⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣶⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⢻⠻⠿⠟⡟⡟⡿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠻⠿⣿⡟⠻⠿⡟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠟⡿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣾⣴⣶⣷⣷⣧⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣭⣽⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4465 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IRC_Proceedings_Wednesday_July_22_2026.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/IRC_Proceedings_Wednesday_July_22_2026.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Wednesday, July 22, 2026⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇On the beach on a sunny day in Barcelona, Spain.⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #techrights_log #boycottnovell_log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log #techbytes_log =============================================================================== The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights contain all the text. Enter_the_IRC_channels_now 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇On_the_beach_on_a_sunny_day_in_Barcelona,_Spain.⦈_ * Freexian_&_Debian:_antitrust,_unfair_competition_against_joint authors_and_volunteers * Over_at_Tux_Machines... ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣻⣶⡈⢂⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢗⣂⡀⡀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⢭⡴⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡶⣦⢄⡀⣴⢀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣭⢹⠙⡁⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣾⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⢿⣵⡲⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠈⠁⠈⠈⠟⠛⠛⠓⠛⠃⠚⠂⠁⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠒⠈⠀⠀⠈⠐⠐⠒⠀⠀⠂⠀⠒⠀⠐⠂⠂⠒⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠤⠤⠠⠤⠀⠀⠠ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠰⠾⠿⢿⢯⣬⣵⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣳⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⡶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡿⠿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣓⣻⣿⡿⠿⢿⣶⣶⣻⣿⡿⠿⢿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣯⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣟⣟⣿⡿⠭⣽⣿⣗⣓⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣟⣷⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣟⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡷⠶⠿⢯⣭⣿⣟⣛⣳⡾⠿⢿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⡾⢿⠋⡍ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣟⣛⣿⢿⠶⢿⣾⣥⣷⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣭⣭⣭⣿⣟⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣟⣻⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢶⣿⣯⣭⣗⣟⣛⣿⡷⠶⣿⣯⣭⣿⣟⣛⣛⢷⠶⡸⡲ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣟⣻⣿⡿⠟⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⡛⢂⣈⠀⢈⣻⣿⣭⡿⣟⡛⣻⡟⠶⣿⣿⣭⡭⣟⠞⠃⠠ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⢿⣿⣼⣟⣿⣽⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⠿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣭⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣭⣽⣿⣑⣰⣼⠿⢶⣼⣆⣈⢶⣆⠀⡚⡉⠄⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⣿⡿⢿⣿⣗⣞⣿⣯⣿⣿⣛⣻⡿⠿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣭⣽⣟⣋⣻⡻⠿⣓⡧⡿⣿⢍⣝⣻⣛⠻⠟⠓⢡⣆⡙⣈⣬⡳⣀⠁⠀⠠⠐⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣚⣻⡿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣯⣽⣿⣟⣻⡿⠿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣭⣽⣿⣛⣿⠿⢿⣿⣶⣶⣦⣤⣴⣌⣉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠄⠠⠩⠙⠓⠛⠛⠤⠄⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣚⣻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣭⣿⣟⣛⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠂⡈⠉⠉⠛⢞⣛⣿⠿⠯⢽⣿⣶⣾⣯⠍⢿⣙⡋⣶⠶⢉⠀⣀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣯⣭⣿⣛⣻⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⡿⠿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⣭⣩⠗⠈⠠⠈⠙⠓⢈⠕⠂⠈⠈⠀⠐⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡳⠾⣥⢖⣾⠉⣩⡛⠉⠣⠬⠤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣬⣍⣉⣟⡛⠿⠿⢯⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣭⣽⣛⣻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣤⡄⠈⡉⠈⠁⠀⠍⠐⠱⠄⠆⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣷⣾⣯⣹⣿⣟⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣯⡭⣟⣛⣻⠿⢿⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢟⡚⣻⠾⠦⡂⠀⢀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣮⣭⣟⡛⢻⠿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣗⣾⣏⣍⣛⣛⠻⠟⢿⣯⣷⡪⢿⣿⣆⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡽⢠⣁⠀⡀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣦⣼⣏⣭⢟⡛⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣢⣼⣰⢾⣈⡉⣻⠛⠻⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠈⠈⠁⠊⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠛⠋⠻⣿⣿⣿⣉⣿⠉⣉⠈⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠉⠋⠛⠋⠉⠙⡏⠀⢘⡟⠛⠧⠛⣿⣟⡛⣉⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠂⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠐⠂⠐⠂⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠘⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣌ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣞ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣭⣭⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣮⣭⣭⣉⣛⣛⣻⡶⠤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣉⠉⡀⠀⠈⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣍⣉⣁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣥⣭⣭⣶⣻⠿⠿⠶⠶⢼⣿⣿⣇⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣏⣛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⣯⣭⣍⣉⣛⡟⠟⠒⠂⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣉⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⠿⠿⢶⣶⣦⣤⣬⣉⣉⠉⠀⠒⠀⠀⠼⠿⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠈⠈⠉⠙⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⠶⣶⣤⣤⣌⣉⣉⠙⠛⠓⠒⠢⢤⣤⠤⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣖⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠿⠿⢶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠻⠴⠶⢖⣀⡤⠉⠁⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡷⢶⣶⣤⣤⣀⣉⡉⠉⠛⠋⠀⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣭⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣭⣉⣛⡋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⡤⠄⡉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⠶⣦⣀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣉⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣯⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡉⠉⠛⠓⠚⠁⠠⠤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣻⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣉⣛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠯⣯⣁⡐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣽⣭⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣄⣈⠉⣉⠛⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4810 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Port Vell is the name of the harbour in Barcelona⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Port_Vell_is_the_name_of_the_harbour_in_Barcelona⦈_ ⚓ Updated This Past Day⠀⇛ 1. ⚓ Games:_GameStream,_Game_Theory,_RPG_'GRAFT',_and_More⠀⇛ gaming picks ⚓ New⠀⇛ 2. ⚓ GNU/Linux_at_7%_in_the_UK,_Glimmer_of_Hype_and_Hope_for_Rain [original]⠀⇛ nobody mentions the latest data from statCounter ⚓ New⠀⇛ 3. ⚓ GNOME_can_look_like_Windows_–_and_Flashback_can_do_it_without extensions⠀⇛ We built it and installed it, and it works 4. ⚓ Security_Leftovers⠀⇛ Security picks 5. ⚓ Education_and_Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software⠀⇛ FOSS and sharing 6. ⚓ Web_Browsers/Web_Servers/Feed_Readers_Leftovers⠀⇛ WWW and more 7. ⚓ GNU/Linux_Leftovers⠀⇛ GNU/Linux related news 8. ⚓ IBM's_Red_Hat_Rebranding_as_Slop_Company_(Still)⠀⇛ latest from developers.redhat.com 9. ⚓ OpenBSD,_NetBSD,_FreeBSD,_and_BSDCan⠀⇛ BSD leftovers 10. ⚓ Games:_Denuvo,_Godot,_and_More⠀⇛ Games related picks 11. ⚓ RISC-V,_Linux,_Open_Source_Vacuum,_and_More⠀⇛ devices and more 12. ⚓ Audiocasts/Shows:_Linux_Matters_and_Fedora's_Plug⠀⇛ a couple of new episodes 13. ⚓ Linux_7.2_Benchmarks_and_Linux_is_Being_Overtaken_by_LLM_Slop_After 'Linux'_Foundation_Got_Paid_to_Participate_in_the_Hype⠀⇛ kernel picks 14. ⚓ "Ubuntu_Certified"_and_Canonical_Breaking_Things_in_Ubuntu_for_No_Good Reason⠀⇛ Canonical spoiling Ubuntu some more 15. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛ mostly R 16. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ Instructionals/Technical picks 17. ⚓ Mozilla_Firefox_154_Enters_Public_Beta_Testing,_Here’s_What_to_Expect⠀⇛ Firefox 154 open-source web browser is now available for public beta testing with a new “Manage AI” quick action in the address bar, support for clearing cached favicons, and more. 18. ⚓ COSMIC_1.4_Desktop_Environment_Introduces_New_Default_Sound_Theme⠀⇛ COSMIC 1.4 desktop environment is now available with improvements to COSMIC Settings, COSMIC Panel, COSMIC Monitor, COSMIC Launcher, COSMIC Files, COSMIC Applets, COSMIC Workspaces, and more. 19. ⚓ GNU/Linux_Exceeds_5%_in_Ireland,_According_to_Irish_Company [original]⠀⇛ Ireland is in a good position to exceed 10% "market share" for GNU/Linux 20. ⚓ Mozilla_and_Firefox_Derivatives:_Waterfox_6.6.17,_Browser_15.0.19, Native_Containers_in_Firefox_153⠀⇛ Firefox and relatives 21. ⚓ Recent_Videos_and_Shows_About_GNU/Linux⠀⇛ via Invidious 22. ⚓ 100%_of_Red_Hat's_Blog_Posts_Yesterday_Are_"Quantum"_and_Slop_(to_Help IBM_Fool_the_Shareholders_With_Vapourware)⠀⇛ latest 4 23. ⚓ Arch_Linux:_Reviving_a_15-year-old_netbook_with_Arch_Linux_Collabora Releases_First_64-Bit_Arm_Arch_Linux_Packages⠀⇛ pair of Arch Linux articles 24. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛ Development picks 25. ⚓ A_Tux_Machines_Anniversary_This_Coming_Saturday [original]⠀⇛ This current site is very simple and light 26. ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_Launches_10-Inch_Raspberry_Pi_Touch_Display_2_at_$80⠀⇛ A new Raspberry Pi Touch Display 2 model is now available with a 10-inch display and an $80 USD price tag, compatible with Raspberry Pi 5 and Raspberry Pi 5 CM SBCs. 27. ⚓ SLAPP_Reform_in_the_UK [original]⠀⇛ We've meanwhile seen politicians who want to crack down on SLAPPs appointed to the new cabinet 28. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛ Gboard rolling out M3 Expressive redesign of shortcuts on Android 29. ⚓ I_finally_tried_an_Atomic_Linux_desktop—and_I'm_no_longer_afraid_to break_my_system⠀⇛ I have broken Linux desktops in all the usual ways 30. ⚓ Blur_my_Shell_adding_Blur_Support_for_GNOME_Menus_&_OSD_Popups⠀⇛ Blur my Shell, the popular extension that adds blur effect to GNOME shell, is finally adding blur support for pop-up menus 31. ⚓ Free_and_Open_Source_Software,_and_Benchmark⠀⇛ This is free and open source software 32. ⚓ KDE_for_Enterprise_Needs_a_Strong_PIM_Infrastructure⠀⇛ This post has been long overdue, but let’s say I’ve been busy and the reason will be obvious in this short piece 33. ⚓ Fedora_Xfce_or_Xubuntu:_Which_is_the_best_Linux_desktop?⠀⇛ Xfce is a Linux desktop environment that is great at giving old machines new life 34. ⚓ This_Android_17_setting_logs_suspicious_activity_on_your_phone_for troubleshooting_-_turn_it_on_ASAP⠀⇛ When something suspicious happens on your phone, it helps to have the means to track down what occurred 35. ⚓ GNU/Linux_in_Angola:_Over_3%_Now,_It_Used_to_be_Zero [original]⠀⇛ Angola is one of Africa's largest nations 36. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛ Some of the latest articles 37. ⚓ New_Steam_Client_Update_Improves_NVIDIA_GPU_Hardware_Acceleration_on Linux⠀⇛ Valve released a new stable Steam Client update that promises to improve hardware acceleration for NVIDIA GPUs and game recording on Linux systems. ========================================================================= The corresponding text-only bulletin for Wednesday contains all the text. Top-read articles (excluding bot/crawler visits): Span from 2026-07-16 to 2026-07-22 1755 /n/2024/09/01/Back_To_School_With_Linux.1.shtml 1011 /n/2026/07/06/GNU_Linux_Leftovers.shtml 856 /n/2026/07/20/Linux_7_2_rc4.shtml 811 /index.shtml 798 /n/2026/07/18/ Valve_and_Collabora_Announce_Official_Arch_Linux_ARM64_Port_for.shtml 793 /intro.shtml 784 /n/2026/07/17/today_s_leftovers.shtml 745 /n/2026/07/19/today_s_leftovers.shtml * IRC_Proceedings:_Wednesday,_July_22,_2026 * Links_23/07/2026:_RIP_John_C._Dvorak,_Organisation_Weaponised_Against J.K._Rowling ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣰⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣀⣴⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠙⠉⣟⢿⣿⡿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⠀⡝⢸⡿⡗⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠙⠛⣟⢰⡇⢸⡇⡇⣼⡃⡿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠈⠙⠛⠛⠻⣿⣬⣿⢰⡗⠃⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⡿⠽⠿⠟⠃⠛⠏⠿⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠏⣿⣿⡷⠿⠿⠿⠗⠂⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠒⠀⠂⠂⠠⠠⠉⠉⠀⠀⠐⠋⢀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠂⠀⠈⠀⠰⠀⠀⡀⠰⠀⠀⠠⠤⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠗⠐⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠢⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠥⣴⣶⣶⣤⡴⣿⣿⣴⣾⣿⣿⣷⡎⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠂⠤⣤⢆⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣀⢠⢰⣦⡄⡀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢌⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⡆⠀⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣧⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⡿⡟⢸⣿⡇⠃⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢶⢠⠈⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⢩⣿⠻⢛⣉⡙⠯⢭⢙⢟⠿⠿⠿⢟⣛⣿⢿⡿⢿⠮⠘⡆⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠂⠤⠠⠤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠏⠛⠙⠉⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⣩⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣖⣰⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠐⡻⢻⡿⠿⡿⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠤⠱⠮⣍⠡⠒⠂⠁⠀⠀⢀⠓⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⢉⣁⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣀⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠙⠉⡏⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣾⠘⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠙⠛⣿⢰⡇⢼⡿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠈⠙⠛⠛⠻⣿⢿⣿⢰⠟⠋⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠃⠋⠋⠻⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡄⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠟⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠂⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠐⠂⠤⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠊⠉⢀⢀⣀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠂⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠓⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⣠⢤⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣀⢠⣰⣦⡄⠀⠀⡀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢹⣿⡇⡆⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠟⠸⣿⠇⠁⠀⡇⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⢶⢀⠈⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠭⣭⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⢙⠛⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠭⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠤⠤⠤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣠⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠂⠠⠍⠅⠐⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠒⠗⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5169 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/The_State_of_Google_Security_Blocking_competition.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/The_State_of_Google_Security_Blocking_competition.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ The State of Google Security: Blocking competition⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 Yesterday: State_of_the_Invidious_Project Hours earlier, as noted_by Alexandre Oliva (FSF Board): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇wow, I sent a friend a link to an invidious instance along with lyrics for the song in that video. my friend's email was hosted by gmail. gmail rejected the message, claiming it was spam. I removed the link and it got through. is such anti-competitive censorship considered normal these days?⦈ GMail is good at security because Google knows what's good for you and what's bad for you. Google spies on everything you do, say, or get told. GMail is the best! Go GAFAM! Go_out_of_business. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Google_founder_Sergey_Brin_(born_in_Moscow)_is_the_latest tech_titan_to_make_Mar-a-Lago_pilgrimage_for_Trump_meeting⦈_ * What_Happens_When_Windows_Becomes_as_'Niche'_as_GNU/Linux_on_Desktops_and Laptops * Links_23/07/2026:_Science,_Censorship,_and_Territorial_Overreach_by_China ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠈⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠶⣠⣠⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⣟⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣏⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣻⣏⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣟⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣻⣏⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⠐⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣧⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⡖⠐⡤⢠⠐⢰⠀⡆⢰⠠⡂⠀⢂⠰⢰⠂⢸⡏⢠⠂⡟⣉⠛⢉⠙⠋⡉⠁⠘⠉⠙⣿⡁⡘⢉⠙⠉⡏⡏⢉⢹⢋⡁⡟⠉⢻⢉⣹⣏⡐⢸⠋⠉⡏⢉⠋⡉⡟⠉⢫⠹⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣀⣁⣀⣈⣀⣀⣈⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣀⣈⣁⣈⣀⣸⣷⣦⣴⣷⣤⣾⣤⣴⣆⣀⣤⣴⣤⣴⣿⣧⣷⣤⣴⣦⣤⣧⣼⣼⣦⣤⣷⣤⣾⣼⣿⣷⣤⣼⣦⣤⣧⣼⣂⣀⣷⣤⣼⣃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠉⠍⣻⠛⠋⡟⢛⢻⣿⠉⡟⠛⣿⡏⢙⠉⡛⡿⠛⢻⣿⠉⡟⠛⠏⢙⠟⠛⠟⢛⡋⢙⣿⡋⣛⠛⠛⡟⡛⡏⠛⢻⣟⠉⡋⢙⢙⡛⠛⢿⠛⠻⣿⡋⣛⠛⠛⣿⡟⠛⢛⢻⠛⠛⡏⠟⡻⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣤⣥⣼⣼⣧⣧⣼⣼⣿⣤⣧⣤⣿⣧⣬⣤⣧⣧⣤⣼⣿⣤⣤⣤⣴⣬⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣬⣿⣧⣭⣤⣤⣦⣭⣧⣧⣼⣿⣤⣥⣼⣬⣥⣤⣤⣼⣤⣿⣧⣭⣬⣤⣿⣧⣤⣼⣼⣤⣤⣧⣤⣥⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠛⠻⠛⡿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡟⢻⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⡏⢹⢹⠿⠿⡿⠿⠉⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠋⠹⠿⢿⠿⢿⣟⡛⣛⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣀⣤⣆⣇⣀⣸⣰⣧⣼⣀⣀⣤⣄⣘⣋⣐⣸⠀⠃⣇⣘⣸⣿⠀⣃⣄⣸⣸⠈⠀⣇⣾⣀⣇⣇⣆⣸⣐⣸⠀⠃⣇⣀⣸⣿⣀⣇⣈⣸⣰⣿⣿⣇⣿⣸⣇⣁⣸⣰⣀⣇⡇⣈⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⡆⡆⢀⠀⢨⠀⠀⡆⢲⠀⠀⡆⡇⠒⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⣿⠛⠛⣿⠛⢻⢛⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⣻⠛⠛⢛⠛⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠻⠛⠻⣿⡟⠛⡟⠛⠛⢛⡟⠛⠛⢟⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠟⠟⢿⠛⠛⠟⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣟⡛⡻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠷⠷⠿⠶⠺⠶⠶⠶⠻⡶⠶⠶⠶⠖⢾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣾⣶⣾⣾⣷⣶⣷⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠩⢧⠓⡀⣸⠐⣠⢀⢛⡰⣻⣒⣅⣀⣀⣾⣣⣃⣽⣧⣔⣝⣰⣆⣒⣈⣘⣗⣒⣀⣸⣿⣇⣀⣔⣂⣹⣢⣀⣄⣶⣧⣔⣤⣸⣀⣉⣀⣢⣨⣣⣁⣛⣔⣔⣥⣼⣀⣹⣠⣈⣘⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠤⢤⠤⠭⡦⠽⢴⠥⡵⢮⡯⢤⣼⢿⠿⣿⢿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⢿⢿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣴⣬⣤⣤⣥⣤⣴⣤⣭⣤⣧⣴⣥⣭⣤⣽⣼⣼⣯⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣧⣬⣤⣥⣿⣿⣥⣴⣬⣴⣤⣧⣥⣤⣷⣵⣤⣥⣷⣽⣭⣼⣯⣤⣤⣦⣤⣦⣤⣤⣯⣤⣬⣴⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⠒⠒⠒⢲⡖⠒⠒⠒⢲⡖⠒⠒⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⠒⠒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⡶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⣶⠶⢶⠶⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠂⡀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⠿⠉⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠌⡇⠅⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠇⠿⠭⢸⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣸⣇⣀⣀⣀⣸⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣇⣈⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣟⣻⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣛⣛⣿⣛⣟⣛⣛⣛⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5255 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/This_Looks_Like_the_End_of_XBox_the_Console.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/This_Looks_Like_the_End_of_XBox_the_Console.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ This Looks Like the End of XBox, the Console⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 News today [1-2] isn't about a future console, it is about Microsoft trying to make Windows a carrier for games originally made for XBox. This way they can remain playable if or when the consoles are no longer made or sold. See: Over_a Week_After_Microsoft_Discontinued_Some_XBox_Models_It_Apparently_Exits_Some Markets_Altogether | XBox_Being_Discontinued,_Some_Models_of_XBox_Canceled,_Not on_Sale_Anymore Microsoft also envisions advertising [3] as a business model, maybe with sights/eyes on XBox as streaming, not a console. This comes 5 months after XBox founders blasted what was happening to XBox, e.g. this from February: Asha_Sharma_"a_Palliative_Care_Doctor_Who_Slides_Xbox Gently_Into_the_Night" Sharma has become the "fall man" of Microsoft. Used, soon discarded. Speaking of discarded, once the console is discarded a lot of workers will be left without a job. Accessibility too is affected [5]. It looks like an act of "consolidation". The console won't survive this. The CEO has already_publicly_admitted_this_is_not_sustainable. █ Related/contextual items from the news: 1. ⚓ Microsoft_announces_Xbox_Backward_Compatibility_for_PC_—_will_let gamers_play_classic_console_games_on_PCs_and_handhelds [Ed: XBox is dead. Now it's just some "Windows mod".]⠀⇛ Xbox Backward Compatibility on PC will let gamers play classic Xbox games on PC and handheld. 2. ⚓ Microsoft_launches_Xbox_backward_compatibility_for_PC⠀⇛ As July slowly comes to a close, culminating a month of thousands of layoffs carried over by Microsoft across its Xbox studios, the company has shared some very different news, as it is slowly rolling out Xbox backward compatibility on PC. 3. ⚓ Microsoft_Launches_Test_for_Ad-Supported_Xbox_Game_Streaming,_Promises the_Ads_Will_Not_'Interrupt_the_Flow_of_Gameplay'⠀⇛ Microsoft has launched a test for ad-supported Xbox game streaming, and promised the ads won't interrupt gameplay. The test lets users stream select games from their library for a limited time supported by adverts, and is available to Xbox Insiders. During this test period, Xbox Insiders with an Xbox account can stream supported games without a subscription for free with ads, with one-hour session limits across supported devices and regions where game streaming is available. Ads will play before streaming sessions begin and will not interrupt gameplay, Microsoft insisted. The core game experience remains unchanged, the company added. Participation is optional, and players can choose other ways to play at any time. 4. ⚓ Riley_Moore_demands_removal_of_Xbox_CEO_Asha_Sharma⠀⇛ West Virginia Rep. Riley Moore has sent a letter to Federal Reserve Chair Kevin Warsh demanding that Xbox CEO Asha Sharma be removed from a Federal Reserve task force focused on productivity and jobs, escalating criticism over her appointment after Microsoft announced thousands of job cuts at its gaming division. 5. ⚓ Layoffs_Leave_The_Future_Of_Xbox’s_Award-Winning_Accessibility_Efforts In_Doubt⠀⇛ On July 6, Microsoft leadership announced a new wave of mass layoffs within Xbox, this time affecting 1600 full-time employees, as well as numerous contractors, with another 1600 expected through the company’s 2027 fiscal year. This round of layoffs not only saw the decimation of studios like id Software; it also targeted many who worked on accessibility across the greater Xbox ecosystem, a relative first for industrywide layoffs. * European_Patent_Office_(EPO)_Series:_A_Consummate_Master_of_the_"Rigged Game" * Wave_of_PIPs_Allegedly_Coming_to_Microsoft,_Managers_Trained_to_Terminate Employees_Without_Paying_Severance_(and_Without_Calling_it_Layoffs) ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5373 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Wave_of_PIPs_Allegedly_Coming_to_Microsoft_Managers_Trained_to_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/Wave_of_PIPs_Allegedly_Coming_to_Microsoft_Managers_Trained_to_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Wave of PIPs Allegedly Coming to Microsoft, Managers Trained to Terminate Employees Without Paying Severance (and Without Calling it Layoffs)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 Last week: PIP-Styled_Mass_Layoffs_Allegedly_Coming_to_Microsoft_by_12_August 2026 This_week: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇If yes what is the GVSA package provided for low performers?⦈ Microsoft's upcoming 'results' will be fake, as_usual. Debt will grow, layoffs will_be_blurred_away, and several people say PIPs will then come in a very major way. Also_see, published 2 days ago: "Look at what Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, and Oracle officially owe, and the numbers seem large but manageable. Look off the books, and a second, bigger pile of debt appears." (1.6 trillion dollars) In the news today: Amazon_layoffs_hit_employees_in_the_group_focusing_on Artificial_General_Intelligence_that_everyone_including_Google,_Microsoft_and OpenAI_say_is_one_of_their_'biggest_goals' Microsoft is in much deeper shimud than it wants us to think, hence XBox_is buried_little_by_little. They count and cut the losses. █ * This_Looks_Like_the_End_of_XBox,_the_Console * IBM_Cash_"Down_$6.3_Billion_From_Year-end_2025."_Total_Debt/Equity 188.97%._(Debt_Can_Exceed_the_Company's_Real_Value) ⠀⣿⡿⠛⠛⢿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣧⣤⣠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⣀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡇⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5455 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/What_Happens_When_Windows_Becomes_as_Niche_as_GNU_Linux_on_Desk.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2026/07/23/What_Happens_When_Windows_Becomes_as_Niche_as_GNU_Linux_on_Desk.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ What Happens When Windows Becomes as 'Niche' as GNU/Linux on Desktops and Laptops⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 Last week: statCounter_Reckons_Over_a_Quarter_of_Laptops/Desktops_in_Yemen_Run GNU/Linux Today: Operating_System_Market_Share_Yemen 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Operating System Market Share Yemen⦈ No sites write about it this month, but leaps in GNU/Linux usage are observable (analytics.usa.gov_sees_GNU/Linux_at_6%, statCounter_sees_8%_GNU/Linux,_not counting_ChromeOS). This means, among other things, that Windows is losing money and losing control over people's computers. In Yemen, as shown above, Android enjoys a near-monopoly and GNU/Linux isn't far behind Windows. This is the sort of world that keeps autocrats like Nadella up at night. A lot of divisions at Microsoft already lose a lot of money; what can balance that off and help pay salaries? Certainly_not_slop. █ * IBM_Cash_"Down_$6.3_Billion_From_Year-end_2025."_Total_Debt/Equity 188.97%._(Debt_Can_Exceed_the_Company's_Real_Value) * The_State_of_Google_Security:_Blocking_competition ⣀⣵⣶⣟⡟⣻⡛⣿⡷⣽⣪⣪⠠⢙⣀⠈⠂⠁⢁⢢⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⡶⡶⠿⠷⠶⢦⣄⡤⠌⠀⠐⠣⢚⢉⣐⡯⠩⠭⡅⠀⠀⠈⠄⠠⠀⣒⣤⡶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣯⣽⡟⡝⣡⠴⠘⠉⢐⡊⡻⣦⠤⠐⢉⠉⡩⠫⢗⢂⡀⡀⡀⠀⢀⣼⠋⠉⡉⢉⡉⠁⣠⢂⠈⠻⡆⠀⠀⠀⠉⡉⠀⡀⣀⢘⡀⠀⠀⠠⡄⣠⡾⠋⡉⢉⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠈⠻⣦⠀⠀⠈⡉⠁⡀⢀⠀⡀⡀⠐⠤⣀⠠ ⣘⣳⢿⡺⢻⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠀⠀⣠⣫⡏⡠⢿⣐⡞⡷⡢⠀⠠⣿⠀⠼⡧⢐⡖⢹⢗⣿⡆⢠⡿⠀⠀⠀⠈⡇⣘⡺⣒⢝⢿⣷⣀⠀⠨⢽⡏⠘⡧⣜⣲⢰⠙⣿⡆⠀⠀⣾⠃⠀⢸⣸⡸⣸⣕⡟⡿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠉ ⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⡷⣿⣾⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣾⣟⣶⡾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5505 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 23/07/2026: RIP John C. Dvorak, Organisation Weaponised Against J.K. Rowling⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026, updated Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Sculpture_of_Harry_Potter_as_part_of_the_Scenes_in_the Square_sculpture_trail_in_Leicester_Square,_London,_2020⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Science_/_Mathematics_/_Computer_Science o Career/Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary_/_SaaS o Security # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights_/_Policing_/_Accessibility o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Trademarks # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Old VCR ☛ John_C._Dvorak_has_died⠀⇛ Reports coming in of the death of John C. Dvorak, apparently passed away on Monday (July 20th) from complications of heart bypass surgery. Dvorak started in wine and moved to silicon as an early columnist at InfoWorld, one of the pillar references for this particular blog because of its studious regular reporting, and most notably for PC Magazine where he had no less than two columns since at least 1986. [...] o ⚓ Juha-Matti Santala ☛ On_blogging,_Blaugust_and_challenging yourself⠀⇛ Why do we blog? There are a ton of reasons and everyone who blogs have their own motivations and reasons. You could ask every blogger you follow and probably get as many answers as you ask people. o ⚓ Joel Chrono ☛ 500_Days_to_Offload⠀⇛ Well, here I go again. I wrote 100 posts in a year, in fact, a bit more than that, with a couple short game reviews I decided not to count separately, and one post I didn’t promote using the hashtag on my socials. In any case, I’m happy that I continue to be writing rather consistently throughout these past few months! I don’t think I have a lot of new stuff to say when it comes to the challenge and what it’s all about. I simply participate for the love of the game at this point. In case you are wondering, for the duration of this challenge run I wrote: [...] o ⚓ Aman Mittal ☛ Notes_that_can_never_be_atomic_|_amanhimself.dev⠀⇛ Every guide to atomic notes eventually meets the same objection: most of what I write cannot be atomic. A meeting note is a list of actions and a transcript of a specific day. It’s an event. A project plan is a spec file that contains decisions and at times, serialized tasks, glued together. I do think if a system demands everything become atomic, that system quickly becomes useless. In Sönke Ahrens’ description of the Zettelkasten workflow, permanent atomic notes are the output of a pipeline, not the only format allowed to exist. The original system never demanded that. o ⚓ Artyom Bologov ☛ Paper_Things_I_Use⠀⇛ This page details what kind of paper things I use to organize my (woefully disorganized) life. And all the useful resources I found along the way. o ⚓ Cowboy State Daily ☛ 14-Year-Old_Ranch_Kid_Ropes_Drowning_Man_On Yellowstone_River,_Saves_Life⠀⇛ Jory Thomas, 14, was absent-mindedly flipping loops with a rope while visiting his grandparents' campground on the Yellowstone River over the Fourth of July weekend when he heard someone start screaming for help. Within seconds, the Montana ranch kid emptied his pockets, splashed across a side channel and waded chest- deep into the river. o § Science / Mathematics / Computer Science⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Trump_Administration_Prosecutes_US_Scientists Amid_Severe_Ebola_Epidemic⠀⇛ Cuts to U.S. foreign aid and research funding have left tens of millions of dollars in gaps in the fight against spreading Ebola and mpox outbreaks, scientists told KFF Health News. “When the next pandemic comes around and we need vaccines to protect ourselves, the chances are that China will develop them before we do,” said Kristian Andersen, an evolutionary biologist at Scripps Research. Andersen co-authored studies that stoked the ire of proponents of the theory that a lab leak started the covid pandemic. # ⚓ John D Cook ☛ When_sine_of_x_degrees_equals_sine_of_x radians⠀⇛ Ordinarily the sine of x radians and the sine of x degrees are very different numbers. Having your calculator in radian mode when it should be in degree mode, or vice versa, results in a major error. But sometimes it doesn’t matter. A trivial example is when x = 0. A more interesting example is [...] o § Career/Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Crooked Timber ☛ Advice_for_England’s_latest_Secretary_of State_for_Education.⠀⇛ I love Rory Stewart’s memoir about being a politician; its one of the best books I’ve read about British politics. Among his many observations about the dysfunctionality of government is that ministers typically know nothing about their briefs prior to taking their jobs, and don’t stay in post long enough to get any command. There may be worse examples than Education, but I doubt it. The advice is to the newest Secretary of State for Education is simple: before you do anything significant read my dad’s last book, and spend a week talking to some of your predecessors (particular recommendations below). Now some facts: [...] o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Worse on Purpose ☛ Your_Cookware_Got_Worse_On_Purpose:_Who Owns_Pyrex_&_All-Clad_Now⠀⇛ Everything above reduces to four rules you can run in about two minutes, standing in the aisle: • Look up the owner, not the name. The name is the cheapest part of the company to preserve. If the ownership trail ends at a private equity firm or a licensing group, assume the product and the reputation are no longer aligned. • Read the warranty before the reviews. Its length is the company's own estimate of how long the product lasts, and its exclusions are a list of the ways they expect it to fail. • Buy bare metal where you can. Cast iron, carbon steel, plain stainless. No coating means nothing that dies at cycle 40 and nothing to rebuy in eighteen months. • Distrust a name that's on everything. When the same brand appears on your pan, your knives, your toaster, and a box fan, nobody who owns it makes anything. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Winnie Lim ☛ jazz_and_my_mental_health⠀⇛ Recently I started noticing that my mental health has been getting better ever since I started listening to jazz. I can now understand why people go around with giant headphones all the time. There is just too much noise in this world: metaphorically or physically. # ⚓ University of Michigan ☛ The_opioid_crisis_was_never_about the_Sacklers⠀⇛ Vilifying the Sacklers felt like justice because it gave the crisis a face and an ending. It was never going to be the fix, because the fix was never about removing specific people. It was about the compensation system that turned ordinary sales reps, doctors and distributors into the actual machinery of the disaster, one that mostly survived the very settlement built to punish the family that designed it. Asking what the incentive structure was rewarding, and changing that, was always the harder and more useful question. It still is. o § Proprietary / SaaS⠀➾ # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Fourth_SharePoint_Vulnerability_Exploited in_Past_Month's_Wave_of_Attacks⠀⇛ Threat intelligence firm Defused appears to be the first to have observed exploitation of CVE-2026- 50522. # ⚓ Wired ☛ A_Device_Hidden_in_Cars_Across_the_US_Leaves_Them Vulnerable_to_Hacking_and_Paralysis._Patch_It_Now⠀⇛ That's the disturbing discovery of a team of security researchers at UC San Diego, who found that a model of aftermarket car alarm known as the KARR Security System, installed in more than 2 million vehicles across the US by their estimate, can let any hacker within Bluetooth range send radio commands to silently unlock the car at will, turn off its alarm, honk the car's horn or flash its lights, or even disable its ignition and leave a driver stranded. # § So-Called 'Artificial Intelligence' ('AI') / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾ # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Unreliable_AI_answers_are_'good enough'_for_most_users_of_platforms⠀⇛ The decline in referral traffic to UK publishers is no surprise when we look at the rise of ‘stop here’ behaviours caused by AI. This is when the user, having retrieved their desired information, does not interact further. We found that the presence of an AI Overview on a search results page causes an 18% reduction in a user’s propensity to click through to the source. Standalone environments such as ChatGPT are even more likely to encourage “stop here” behaviours: only 26% of ChatGPT users report they would click at least one media link shown in a response, compared to 34% for a Google Search with an AI Overview. At the time of testing, AI Mode showed the most referral intent with 37% of respondents saying they would click through to at least one source. # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ When_AI_Attacks:_OpenAI_Models Autonomously_Hack_Hugging_Face⠀⇛ The episode, which occurred during benchmark testing of the models, underscores a growing reality: Advanced AI models can behave in unexpected — and even harmful — ways while pursuing narrowly defined objectives, highlighting the need for stronger safeguards in enterprise AI deployments. # ⚓ BSDly ☛ That_grumpy_BSD_guy:_How_'Artificial Intelligence'_Is_Slowly_Drowning_In_Its_Own_Droppings⠀⇛ So there we have it: The large language models can only ingest what is placed within reach, and they work in parallel to generate material based on what their inner, opaque, and possibly quite tangled, logic considers probable. Then it seems that the output generated soon after is fed back to the large language models as training data for themselves. # ⚓ Martin Alderson ☛ The_first_known_runaway_AI_agent_- or_a_very_bad_marketing_stunt?⠀⇛ Now, I'm not convinced that frontier labs have nailed public relations generally, but if it was a marketing stunt it is potentially one of the worst ones I've ever came across in following corporate communications. But perhaps the frontier labs really have their backs against the wall with the upcoming release of Kimi K3 et al. Regardless, I think it's worth breaking down what happened and properly evaluate each part. # ⚓ Joost de Valk ☛ The_future_of_the_website⠀⇛ Here’s the thing: websites were never built just for humans. We were always building for humans and bots. For twenty years, my advice, and everyone else’s, was: build for humans, and the bots will follow. That advice was correct, but only because of a quirk of history. Google had billions of dollars and two decades to get very, very good at reading pages meant for people. # ⚓ Jasper Tandy ☛ Jasper_is_blogging:_Fumes⠀⇛ I feel like at the moment if I'm lucky, 50% of my days at work are tolerable. I don't like that. I miss when this job had fun challenges, and you felt like you were working with people to make them something good. Too much hostility. Too much "I've consulted Claude, so now I know better than you". # ⚓ Pivot to AI ☛ OpenAI_hacks_HuggingFace_with_an_AI_— allegedly⠀⇛ This is OpenAI admitting what would normally constitute a crime. And putting a marketing spin on the crime. How much of the story these two press releases tell … happened? And if something did happen, was it as overblown as OpenAI and HuggingFace are describing it? # ⚓ Mahesh Balakrishnan ☛ The_Bottlenecks_for_AI-Driven System_Design:_why_Principal_Engineers_are_not_(yet) obsolete.⠀⇛ I’ve been building systems, teaching system design, and writing papers about novel designs for a couple of decades now. In my view, agents are magical self-writing distributed programs: my personal research agenda has swivelled to designing abstractions that can make them safe when they interact with complicated environments. But as I design and write1 this new system (LogAct / AgentBus), I have been puzzled by why designing a system has not become as trivially outsourceable to the LLM as writing code. Here are some unscientific thoughts, mostly to get a conversation going. # ⚓ Los Angeles Times ☛ They_built_AI._Now_Silicon_Valley workers_protest_its_threat_to_jobs_and_humanity⠀⇛ Across San Francisco Bay Area campuses and offices, employees describe mounting pressure to embrace AI tools even as layoffs spread, early-career coders struggle to find work and creative industries worry their livelihoods could be automated away. New activist movements and California leaders are pushing back, demanding pauses on the most dangerous AI systems, stronger protections for displaced workers and public ownership stakes in an industry reshaping the economy and democracy. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ It's_Official:_AI_Execs_Are_Quaking_in Their_Boots⠀⇛ The incursion isn’t just coming from China. As the WSJ notes, US-based AI labs are starting to switch to open-weight models. Just last week, former OpenAI exec Mira Murati’s Thinking Machine Lab released its first model, which happens to be open-weight. # ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ Data_poisoning_in_AI models:_what_businesses_need_to_know⠀⇛ AI is only as reliable as the data it learns from. If that data is manipulated, biased or corrupted, the model can produce inaccurate, unsafe, or misleading results. This is known as data poisoning. It is a cyberattack where the data used to train or support AI tools, large language models (LLMs) and machine learning models is altered or corrupted. # ⚓ The Next Web ☛ Big_Tech_is_hiding_$1.65tn_in_off- balance-sheet_AI_debt⠀⇛ The money is tied up in off-balance-sheet vehicles, the same kind of structure Enron used to hide debt before it collapsed 25 years ago. Back then it was fraud. Now, tightened rules and fuller disclosures make it legal. The tools are still there, though. “Enron’s crime wasn’t having special purpose vehicles,” analyst Gil Luria told Bloomberg Law. “Enron’s crime was hiding them.” # § Social Control Media⠀➾ # ⚓ Vox ☛ How_to_get_off_your_phone_and_into_real_life⠀⇛ It’s a lot more fun, and a lot less arduous, to try to beat social media at its own game instead, and harness your curiosity. Social media apps work in part by playing off our natural curiosity. Every time we refresh the endless scroll, they promise to give us new information, capturing the parts of our brains that always wonder what’s about to happen next. But they rarely actually satisfy that curiosity. They just repeat it endlessly: What’s going to happen when I scroll this far? Or this far? Or this far? The answer is almost always: the same thing as last time. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Tennessee_takes_Meta_to_trial_over_Instagram addiction_allegations⠀⇛ The complaint, filed in October 2023, accuses Meta of violating the Tennessee Consumer Protection Act by failing to disclose internal research documenting Instagram’s harm to teens and continuing to offer dangerous features without warning users. The state alleges that Meta co-founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg was repeatedly warned by some employees about research showing Instagram negatively impacted the mental health of young users but declined to fund efforts to reduce those impacts. The complaint specifically targets features including autoplay, Instagram Reels, push notifications, and designs that cause content to disappear after a limited period. Tennessee alleges that these features encourage compulsive use and contribute to depression, anxiety, sleep disruption, and other mental health side effects among young users. # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Mexico_announces_forums_to_debate social_media,_AI_regulation_for_minors⠀⇛ # ⚓ Cole Kurashige ☛ So_Reddit_has_decided_that_plain HTML_is_unsafe⠀⇛ Where I feel like things get personal here is that Reddit is saying that this is all "To keep Reddit safe" Keep Reddit safe from whom exactly? Me? My desire for knowledge?? # § Windows TCO / Windows Bot Nets⠀➾ # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ Ransomware_Attack_Puts_a_Chill_On Japanese_Frozen-Food_Chain⠀⇛ A cyberattack on a food and logistics firm disrupts the supply of frozen food to thousands of clients, including major franchises like Kentucky Fried Chicken. # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ What_the_Worm_Era_Can_Teach_Us_About AI_Security⠀⇛ As organizations rush to deploy AI tools, AI agents, and AI-powered workflows, security teams face many of the same challenges that accompanied previous waves of technology adoption. Visibility, governance, and understanding what is actually running in the environment remain foundational security requirements that are as important now as they were when Code Red was discovered. In this video you will learn how lessons from the Code Red worm 25 years ago can help today's security leaders think about AI security, shadow AI, attack surface management, and the importance of identifying and securing emerging technologies before attackers do. # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ Ransomware_Is_Accelerating,_But_It's Not_Because_of_AI⠀⇛ Ransomware is not just growing, it is actually accelerating, with activity surging between October 2025 and March 2026, as more than 60 new groups entered an increasingly crowded criminal ecosystem. For enterprises, the surge means not only more attacks but also a larger and constantly changing pool of adversaries to track and defend against. # ⚓ Court House News ☛ Patients_sue_diagnostics_company over_data_breach⠀⇛ Abbott maintained in its statement that it did not expect any material impact on the business or financials from the attack, but the class noted in the complaint “the fraudulent activity resulting from the data breach may not come to light for years. There may be a time lag between when harm occurs versus when it’s discovered, and also between when private information is stolen and when it is used.” o § Security⠀➾ # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾ # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ First-Person_Identity_Theft_Story⠀⇛ Yes, the person made a mistake—they gave the scammer a two-factor authentication code that allowed the scammer to take over their email address. But the real story here is how, for many of us, the security of most of our accounts hangs on the security of our email accounts. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Bhaskar English ☛ Bluetooth_Mesh_Messaging_Explained |_Delhi_CJP_Protests_Investigation⠀⇛ The technology has gained attention after The Times of India (TOI) reported that Delhi Police is investigating whether protesters from the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) used such apps during demonstrations in central Delhi, where mobile internet services were reportedly restricted. While police have not confirmed the use of any specific app, the investigation has sparked interest in how these offline messaging apps work. # ⚓ 404 Media ☛ What_Happened_When_Flock_Came_to_My Town⠀⇛ After a brief question and answer period with the police chief, the mayor spoke. The city’s leaders had just returned from the Municipal Association of South Carolina annual meeting — a yearly conference of local officials in the state. Mayor Bill Danielson opened his portion of the Flock discussion by talking about how he’d recently commiserated with other mayors at the conference about how mean people were on Facebook. # ⚓ PC World ☛ Excel_and_AI_to_get_'tighter_and_tighter.' Here's_what_that_means⠀⇛ Jones’ statements started with a reader prompt. Someone named “Everett” asked Jones about Excel’s long-term relationship with AI, and whether Excel is “evolving from a spreadsheet tool into a business reasoning platform, where users can simply describe a problem in plain language, and Excel builds the model, analysis, and insights automatically.” # ⚓ Don Marti ☛ Are_ya_winning,_son?⠀⇛ So if both the free-range privacy nerd (me) and the adtech measurement expert executive are against the attribution proposal, could that mean that the attribution cartel is doing something right? Unfortunately, no. The big companies in the middle are just taking such a big bite that it’s unacceptable to both ends. # ⚓ Court House News ☛ License_plate_data_lawsuit_fails in_California⠀⇛ An appeals court in California upheld the trial court’s finding that a driver lacked standing under the Automated License Plate Recognition statute to sue for the collection and storage of his data. He claimed the collection and storage of data about his movements without notice or consent violated his privacy rights in itself, but he failed to cite any actual direct harm from alleged violations of the law, and his subject belief he was harmed is not a basis for standing. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ AIPAC-Backed_PAC_Pours_Millions_Into_Beating Abdul_El-Sayed_in_Michigan⠀⇛ Stevens and the AIPAC-backed United Democracy Project (UDP) find themselves in an expensive battle against the Democratic Party’s own voters. (Pew found that 80% of Democrats and Democratic- leaning independents nationally hold an unfavorable view of Israel.) To underwrite this costly effort to stifle Democratic criticism of Israel, UDP is turning to Republican and out-of-state megadonors. # ⚓ Wired ☛ ‘It’s_a_Modern-Day_Draft’:_Why_Stanford_Students Walked_Out_on_Sundar_Pichai’s_Commencement_Speech⠀⇛ Last month, more than a hundred Stanford students left their own graduation to protest Google’s military contracts and deals with ICE. Two organizers, Amanda Campos and Eva Jones, tell us why. # ⚓ Ken Klippenstein ☛ The_“Greatest_Threat”_to_America?⠀⇛ All of World War II, all of it from 1941 to 1945, cost the United States an estimated $4.5 trillion in today’s inflation-adjusted dollars. Hegseth wants to spend even more than that over the next four years. Not to fight World War III, mind you. (That would require a supplemental budget.) Handsy Hegseth now has his hand in America’s pocket, trying to fish our wallet out. And by all appearances Congress, with its power of the purse, is going along. # ⚓ Smithsonian Magazine ☛ A_Volunteer_Stumbled_Upon_a_Strange Document_in_the_U.K._National_Archives._It_Turned_Out_to_Be_a Rare_Copy_of_the_Declaration_of_Independence_Printed_in_July 1776⠀⇛ Experts confirmed that Scurr had uncovered a rare copy of the Declaration that was printed in Exeter, New Hampshire, in July 1776. Previously, only ten copies of the so-called Exeter Declarations had been known to survive, according to a statement from the archives. All of them are housed in the United States. # ⚓ NDTV ☛ social_media_ban_for_children,_France_Becomes_First EU_Nation_To_Ban_Social_Media_For_Children_Under_15⠀⇛ Both chambers of France's Parliament passed the law, which also bars phone use in high schools and aims to take effect by September. # ⚓ RFA ☛ New_bridge_between_North_Korea_and_China_could_open soon_–_12_years_after_completion⠀⇛ Experts said that once the new bridge connecting Dandong in China with Sinuiju in North Korea is complete, trade volume will more than double, relieving pressure on the aging Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge – the only other connection between the two cities – considered the main artery between the two countries. # ⚓ La Prensa ☛ Daniel_Ortega_Declares_Nicaragua_Will_Never Hold_Elections_Again⠀⇛ Ortega did not clarify whether the suspension of elections is intended solely to prevent opposition leaders—many of whom have since been imprisoned, stripped of their nationality, had their assets confiscated, or been forced into exile—from participating in future elections, or whether even tightly controlled elections involving the so- called «satellite parties,» which since 2011 have lent legitimacy to electoral fraud by taking part, will also be discontinued. # ⚓ El Constitucional ☛ Daniel_Ortega_buries_the_ballot_boxes in_Nicaragua_and_prepares_to_perpetuate_his_family_in_power: "There_will_be_no_more_elections_here"⠀⇛ Nicaragua was supposed to return to the polls in November 2027 after a constitutional reform extended the presidential term. Ortega's declaration now places even that call under serious threat and leaves citizens without an institutional mechanism to replace their rulers. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Careful_What_You_Sue_For:_Trump’s_BBC_Case_Just Forced_His_Financial_Records_Into_Discovery⠀⇛ Last year we noted that Donald Trump had filed an obviously frivolous lawsuit against the BBC, asking for $10 billion. At issue was an edit in the documentary he didn’t like which might be considered mildly misleading (though Donald Trump repeatedly falsely claimed that the BBC used AI to fabricate quotes, the reality was they edited two separate parts of the same speech to sound like they were said together, when they were really many minutes apart). That’s not defamation, though. # ⚓ The Walrus ☛ Big_Tech_Could_Stop_the_Spread_of_Child_Abuse Images._Why_Doesn’t_It?⠀⇛ Award-winning investigative reporter Robert Cribb says the technology already exists. # ⚓ France24 ☛ French_modelling_scout_linked_to_US_sex_offender Epstein_found_dead_outside_Paris⠀⇛ Under investigation in France, Daniel Siad, 69, was one of several French men accused of aiding Epstein to traffic and abuse women. Siad had not yet been questioned by investigators, [...] o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ David Revoy ☛ Chill_Out_-_David_Revoy⠀⇛ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Wildfire_in_southern_France_'contained'_after hundreds_evacuated_from_homes⠀⇛ The fire erupted Tuesday in the Var region and spread at an unexpectedly fast pace, forcing some 400 people to evacuate and devouring 2,550 hectares (6,300 acres), an area roughly twice the size of London's Heathrow airport. # ⚓ The Scotsman ☛ Readers’_letters:_Piecemeal_planning_is_not good_enough_for_giant_data_centres⠀⇛ There is, in consequence, a growing disconnect between national industrial policy and local planning law. National government encourages investment, while local authorities are left to determine individual applications whose demands upon energy, water and infrastructure may extend far beyond their boundaries. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Greece ☛ Stricter_rules_for_electric_scooters⠀⇛ The new rules prohibit anyone under the age of 17 from riding electric scooters on public roads, impose steep fines for using them on roads with speed limits exceeding 50 km/h, and introduce penalties for companies that sell, provide, or rent electric scooters to minors under 17. The tougher regulations come in response to a series of traffic accidents involving young riders. # ⚓ Semafor Inc ☛ Africa’s_data_center_growth_needs_power sector_overhaul⠀⇛ The potential upside is significant: The International Monetary Fund, in a paper published on Tuesday, said AI could make sub- Saharan Africa’s economy around 4% bigger over the next decade than its baseline projection — but that requires better ‌electricity supply, internet access, and digital skills. Policymakers and business leaders have long warned that Africa’s power shortfall in particular, if left unaddressed, would starve energy-hungry data centers of the electricity needed to digitize economies. # ⚓ Smithsonian Magazine ☛ This_Letter_Penned_on_the ‘Titanic’_Days_Before_It_Sank_Shares_the_Perspective_of the_Ship's_Second-Class_Passengers⠀⇛ An estimated 284 second-class passengers were aboard the Titanic when it sank, 166 of whom died, according to research project Encyclopedia Titanica. These travelers were part of a rising professional class and were traveling to the United States to visit family or seek jobs. Their tickets were not cheap—Hodges’ fare would amount to about £2,000 in modern currency—and these passengers enjoyed amenities and meals that would have been considered first-class on other ships. # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ Daniel_Siad_'Epstein Trafficker'_Cause_of_Death:_Model_Scout_Found_Dead_Amid Rape_Probe_and_2,000_File_Mentions⠀⇛ Siad, 69, was discovered dead at his house in Colombes on Monday, three months after French prosecutors opened a criminal investigation that had yet to charge him. At least five women had accused him of rape and human trafficking, allegations he denied. # ⚓ Nick Heer ☛ Blaming_Data_Centres,_Alberta_Electricity Industry_Expects_Tripling_of_Power_Prices⠀⇛ White reports this would increase the electricity costs to a typical household by “hundreds of dollars more per year”. However, as White caveats, these prices have precedent as recently as three years ago — and that undersells it. In 2022, electricity costs were as much as five times above current rates. Even without adjusting for inflation, we are currently paying less than we did from 2018–2020, and a tripling of the current rate would have a nominal cost similar to that of 2008. That is not to say this is good, but I think it is worthwhile seeing the “tripling” figure within the context of recent fluctuations. # ⚓ [Old] MIT ☛ Residents_of_predominantly_Black_and Latino_neighborhoods_are_about_four_times_more_likely to_get_hit_by_a_car_while_walking_or_biking_in_Boston⠀⇛ According to a paper published in Cities & Health last summer, people living in predominantly Black and Latino neighborhoods are about four times more likely to be hit by a car while walking or biking in Boston than their counterparts living in predominantly white neighborhoods. This risk of being hit by a car, which the authors of the paper call “mobility risk,” is elevated for people living in predominantly Black and Latino neighborhoods both when they’re close to home and in other parts of Boston. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Deccan Chronicle ☛ Wild_Elephant_Herd_Enters Vizianagaram_from_Manyam⠀⇛ The elephants were last spotted moving from the Nallodu Cheruvu area in Badangi mandal towards Pinapenki village. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ India Times ☛ DOGE_[sic]_alumni_launch_military_cyber startup_with_$1.4_billion_valuation⠀⇛ The company, co-founded by former Department of Government Efficiency staffers Gavin Kliger, Luke Farritor, Marko Elez and ​Jack Stein, closed on a $160 million funding round in recent weeks that valued the company at $1.4 billion, three sources said. Andreessen Horowitz and ​Sequoia Capital led the round, with both firms taking board seats, two of the sources said. # ⚓ [Repeat] Daniel Pocock ☛ How_Australian_challenge_to_Nigel Farage_precipitated_record_UK_by-election_candidates⠀⇛ Is Nigel Farage willing to debate Daniel Pocock or any other candidate in the Clacton by-election or is he in hiding? The nomination process closed at 16:00 on Friday. A few hours later, the returning officer announced his office had received 34 valid nominations. That is a new UK record for the number of candidates contesting a by-election. # ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ Pluralistic:_Trump’s_America_can’t_even_win a_rigged_game_(22_Jul_2026)⠀⇛ After that speech, I wrote a book (The Post- American Internet) that Farrar, Straus and Giroux will publish in August 2027. In the book, I describe the role that "trusted third parties" (T3P) play in complex transactions. Think of an escrow agent who holds onto the deed for the house you're buying from the seller until you hand over the money, and then forwards the deed to you and the money to the seller. The more complex a transaction is, the more it needs a T3P. For most of the past century, the US has been the world's T3P. Most of the world's transoceanic fiber optic lines make landfall in the US and interconnect to one another in US data centres. Most of the world's international transactions are conducted in dollars and are cleared through US-controlled platforms like SWIFT. Through its aid programs, the US sets the health and public services agenda for billions of non- Americans, and the US has military installations in more than 100 countries. The US trains the world's militaries, it supplies (and withholds) information from the world's intelligence agencies, and it runs the IT infrastructure powering the world's government agencies and critical infrastructure, from tractors to medical equipment. # ⚓ Pivot to AI ☛ New_UK_PM_Andy_Burnham_puts_AI_Britain_into the_Cabinet⠀⇛ Andy Burnham, Britain’s new Prime Minister, is steering a careful course between being the new face of hope for a tired nation, and frantically assuring his backers that nothing will change. But Burnham has slightly reshuffled AI Britain. The Department of Science, Innovation and Technology is being chopped up for parts: [...] # ⚓ Daniel Lemire ☛ From_Institutions_to_Individuals:_the_White House_Report_on_Revitalizing_U.S._Scientific_Leadership⠀⇛ If you visit a research lab today in a leading university, what you are most likely to see is a boring bureaucracy that caters to whatever is politically favorable at the moment—a bureaucracy that plays it safe and avoids controversy. You see young people seeking well-paid jobs, going through the motions with often little genuine interest in, say, curing cancer. We have never published so many research papers—the volume has been growing exponentially ever since Bush wrote his report—but it is doubtful that this is how technological breakthroughs are achieved. # ⚓ Wired ☛ Nvidia_Wants_to_Own_Every_Chip_Inside_AI_Data Centers⠀⇛ During a lengthy technical workshop last week at the company’s headquarters in Santa Clara, California, Nvidia executives boasted to a small group of journalists about the chip system’s increased power and efficiency capabilities. The biggest takeaway: Nvidia, which has long specialized in making GPUs, is increasingly trying to position itself as a supplier of CPUs that can power AI agents. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ AI_CEOs_Facing_Full-on_Revolt_From_Employees [Ed: So now the slop pushers are literally bribing politicians in the same way they bribe the press to play a long and help "pump" the pyramid scheme]⠀⇛ According to Wired, workers at OpenAI are now beefing with the AI lab’s co-founder and current president, Greg Brockman. At issue is Brockman’s highly controversial electioneering strategy: OpenAI-linked super PACs have spent tens of millions of dollars on the 2026 US midterm elections, in an effort to boost candidates seen as friendly to the AI industry. # ⚓ India Times ☛ A_once_wary_Hollywood_slowly_warms_to_AI⠀⇛ Those who did experiment ran into the technology's early limitations -- six-fingered hands, mouths that didn't move right. But a floodgate opened in early March, when Netflix bought a small, little-known company -- fewer than 20 employees -- for a hefty $587 million. # ⚓ Irish Examiner ☛ €2.6m_cyber_defence_facility_expected_to open_in_March_next_year⠀⇛ Construction of a €2.6m high-tech facility for the Defence Forces cyber defence command has started — with an expected completion date of March 2027. The development comes as An Garda Síochána has advertised for a new position of director of cyber security, with the purpose of defending the organisation against cyber threats. # ⚓ India Times ☛ Data_centre_component_maker_Zhongji_InnoLight seeks_$7_billion_in_Hong_Kong_listing⠀⇛ Zhongji InnoLight is the world's largest maker of optical transceivers, according to its listing document. # ⚓ Daniel Pocock ☛ Can_Daniel_Pocock_win_Clacton-on-Sea_by- election?⠀⇛ Critically, residents can not rely on social control media to organize a tactical vote or a strategic vote against the incumbent candidate. It is vital for people to turn off their phones and go and talk to their friends and neighbours face-to- face. # ⚓ Daniel Pocock ☛ Palestine_Action:_British_'terrorists'_in Australia_seeking_asylum,_a_Freedom_of_Information_request⠀⇛ Many British citizens have moved to Australia over the years and gained permanent residence or citizenship. Some would now like to bring their retired parents to Australia. The standard visa for a parent, retired, has a 25 year backlog. Why would anybody wait 25 years and pay $43,600 in fees when they can simply cut up a cardboard box, write "Palestine Action" on it and declare themselves to be at risk of persecution? There are rumors that some British citizens have already tried this. Therefore, I sent a Freedom of Information (FoI) request to Australia's Home Affairs department. When they reply to me, they will also post a copy of their response in the disclosure log on their web site. Look out for it. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ Karl Bode ☛ Local_[sic]_U.S._TV_News_Will_Soon_Be Entirely_Right_Wing_Propaganda⠀⇛ Thanks to the destruction of media consolidation limits, Republicans will soon enjoy propaganda and market domination over what's left of local U.S. news. # ⚓ Observer Research Foundation ☛ Information_Warfare_in the_Age_of_AI:_Why_India_Needs_Strategic_AI Partnerships⠀⇛ As AI reduces the cost of producing convincing disinformation while simultaneously expanding its reach, the instruments of information warfare have become increasingly accessible, harder to detect, and correspondingly more consequential. Arguably, the most effective response lies in deploying AI defensively. However, the uneven global distribution of AI capabilities presents a considerable obstacle, particularly for countries such as India that are not among the leading innovators in this domain and may therefore struggle to achieve this objective efficiently. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran_Continues_Executions_Amid_Protest_By_Death_Row Inmates⠀⇛ Iran executed a man it accused of carrying out "operational actions" during nationwide protests at the start of the year as the country's leadership ratchets up its crackdown on dissent, sparking a hunger strike among hundreds of death row inmates. # ⚓ New Republic ☛ My_Brother_Was_Sentenced_to_30_Years_for Moving_a_Box_of_Zines⠀⇛ Literature, in the Prairieland case, was turned into a vector of criminalization. In the hands of a prosecutor, the fact that a book or a zine can be passed from reader to reader became the accumulating elements of a criminal conspiracy. FBI Special Agent Joseph Clark Wiethorn’s lengthy sworn statement recounted discovering the box of literature that Sanchez Estrada allegedly took to an apartment in Denton, Texas. The government claimed that the box had been moved after a call between Rueda, then already in jail, and her husband. The agent characterized what he found inside as “anti-law enforcement, anti-government, anti-Trump sentiments.” One zine pictured was a guide to squatting (“The average life expectancy of a squat in San Francisco seems to be only three weeks”); another was a collection of essays about anarchist tactics in historical context (“What happened in Asheville on May Day was not a riot”). ICE posted additional photos of the zines to Instagram, claiming that the FBI had “found literal insurrectionist propaganda.” Crafting its own propaganda, ICE connected the zines, Sanchez Estrada’s arrest, and his immigration status. (You can read the zines yourself, available as part of a recent republished series in print, or free online.) Two other defendants, the couple Elizabeth and Ines Soto, also had zines used against them, particularly their at-home zine-making and their book club, which was named for Emma Goldman. Each was sentenced to 50 years. # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ Doctor_advertising_'female_circumcision'_faces investigation⠀⇛ “Female genital mutilation is a severe form of violence that violates the bodily integrity, health and fundamental human rights of women and girls. It has no medical necessity or scientific basis,” said the women's health branch of the Turkish Medical Association. # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ Social_media_personality_Fatma_Soydaş_detained for_'insulting_religion'⠀⇛ Soydaş’s lawyers released a written statement in response to her detention, claiming that Soydaş she had been subjected to a coordinated campaign involving images and videos altered with artificial intelligence. # ⚓ The Independent UK ☛ Terrorism_trial_set_to_open_in stabbing_of_author_Salman_Rushdie⠀⇛ Matar's electronics included information on the fatwa, or Islamic religious ruling, that sought Rushdie's death, and Matar kept a journal and sticky notes logging his research on Rushdie and possible ways and places to kill him, prosecutors said in a 2025 court filing. In Matar’s New Jersey bedroom, federal agents found photos of Khomeini and now-deceased successor Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the filing said. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Paul Krugman ☛ Oligarchy_and_the_Media⠀⇛ Good news. The second richest man in America might be prevented from taking over CNN. That's the good news. The bad news is, aside from thefact that he probably will manage to pull it off anyway, the bad news is that that would be only a small piece of the ongoing takeover of U.S. media by oligarchs. And in turn, the media takeover is just part of the extraordinary exercise of power by the extraordinarily wealthy small number of men who have been wreaking so much havoc with America as we know it. o § Civil Rights / Policing / Accessibility⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Republicans_Push_Voter_ID_by_Comparing_It_to Olive_Garden’s_“Pasta_Pass”⠀⇛ While the comparison between voter ID laws and the pasta pass is an easy analogy for Republicans to make, the argument does have holes. For example, Olive Garden doesn’t enforce its policy beyond an ID — a person with a stolen pass and a fake identification card could, theoretically, take part in the promotion, whereas a person attempting to do the same in an election would likely be caught by underlying voter protections. The punishment for trying to undermine the “Pasta Pass” deal would also likely be a confiscation of the pass and a refusal to serve the customer; meanwhile, the punishments for attempting to illegally cast a ballot are much more severe, including heavy fines and prison sentences. # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ Workers_Need_a_Legal_Right_to_Full-Time Hours⠀⇛ A wage hike is desperately needed for the American working class, but higher wages can’t pay the bills if you want full-time hours and can’t get them. Legislation mandating a right to full-time work could fix this. # ⚓ Wired ☛ States_Want_ICE_Agents_to_Show_Their_Faces._The Trump_Administration_Is_Blocking_Them⠀⇛ In complaints filed against New York, Virginia, Connecticut, New Jersey, and Philadelphia, attorneys for the federal government claim that people take photos of ICE officers to “run them through facial recognition applications that search social media and doxing sites,” specifically calling out an art project called ICESpy. (California was subject to a similar lawsuit months before the other states, but the DOJ did not mention ICESpy in that complaint.) There's just one problem, according to ICESpy’s creator, artist Kyle McDonald: the art project's face-recognition software cannot recognize most, if any, ICE agents currently in the field. # ⚓ Rebecca Solnit ☛ Listening_to_Cassandra:_Misogyny, Classical_and_Modern⠀⇛ Violence against women begins and ends with silencing; the two are not separate phenomena; a voice is what a human being has when that human being also has rights and membership in society, the voice with which to participate in society and to determine who she is and what she does or does not consent to. Yet some men are still insisting that women's bodies are there for men to use and that consent insofar as it matters at all can take many strange and durable forms; we are only a few decades out in establishing that husbands can rape their wives; before that "I do" meant a kind of permanent and irrevocable consent that was the same as relinquishing bodily self-determination. # ⚓ Sydney Morning Herald ☛ Amnesty_International_trans_rights controversy:_Human_rights_body_takes_on_JK_Rowling_and_looks foolish⠀⇛ Amnesty was picking a fight with Beira’s Place, a centre set up by author JK Rowling with some of the wealth she earned from her Harry Potter books. The centre, named after a Scottish goddess, was founded in 2022 to help “women survivors” of sexual abuse regardless of when the abuse occurred. Rowling bought the townhouse it occupies and set up permanent funding for its services. # ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ Amnesty_UK_self-reports_to_watchdog_after calling_JK_Rowling_women’s_centre_‘anti-rights’⠀⇛ Set up by Rowling in 2022, Beira’s Place provides sexual violence support for women across Edinburgh and the Lothians “in a safe, women-only space”. # ⚓ Le Monde ☛ 'Concerns'_after_Amnesty_labels_J.K._Rowling women's_center_'anti-rights'⠀⇛ Beira's Place chief executive Lesley Johnston said it was "inexplicable" that it had been included on the list. She said it was "deeply offensive" to "staff who work day in, day out, to support survivors, and to the women who need and use our service." # ⚓ RTL ☛ No_formal_investigation_at_this_stage:_J.K._Rowling blasts_Amnesty_'anti-rights'_label_on_women's_centre⠀⇛ "We are assessing the matters raised to determine what, if any, role there might be for us as charity law regulator," the spokesperson added. It said it had not launched a formal investigation at this stage. Amnesty earlier this week said it regretted that the briefing had been "uploaded to our website without going through the established, internal review processes that are in place to ensure consistency, accuracy and alignment with Amnesty International UK's positions". # ⚓ The National UK ☛ Amnesty_refers_itself_to_watchdog_after branding_JK_Rowling_charity_'anti-rights'_|_The_National⠀⇛ Lawyers acting on behalf of Beira’s Place accused the human rights charity of defamation and have threatened legal action unless it permanently withdraws the report, apologises and commissions an external review into why it was published. We told how Rowling also urged other organisations who were included in the list – which she deemed a “blacklist” – to apply to the JK Rowling Women’s Fund to help with legal costs. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Tom_Homan_Again_Promises_That_ICE_Will_Keep Murdering_People_Until_Democrats_Stop_Calling_Them Murderers⠀⇛ Earlier this year “Border Czar” Tom Homan, with an apparently straight face, told the media that if Democrats didn’t stop calling ICE murderers for the murders they committed, then they would have no choice but to murder more people. A few weeks later, when ICE did murder another person, he doubled down and blamed people for calling ICE murderers for the additional murder. So it’s little surprise that he’s at it again. He’s taking the fact that ICE has been on something of a killing spree over the last few weeks as… vindication for the batshit crazy statement he made earlier about how calling ICE murderers makes them only more likely to murder. # ⚓ BoingBoing ☛ Tom_“Bag_o’_Cash”_Homan_says_people_killed_by ICE_should_have_complied⠀⇛ More than 50 people have died in ICE custody since Trump returned to office, according to Human Rights Watch and Physicians for Human Rights. Others have died during ICE enforcement operations. They did not need to comply harder. They complied to death. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Task And Purpose ☛ Abandoned_Navy_base_runs_a_$340,000 internet_access_bill⠀⇛ But while nearly all of the 300-odd former Navy buildings in Adak are empty and many are collapsing, the U.S. government pays an Anchorage firm $340,000 per year to maintain [Internet] access to them. # ⚓ Inside Towers ☛ Bi-Partisan_Senators_Introduce_Bill_to Improve_FCC’s_Broadband_Maps⠀⇛ U.S. Senators John Thune (R-SD), John Fetterman (D- PA), and Deb Fischer (R-NE) have introduced the Broadband Mapping Accurate Providers (MAP) Act of 2026, legislation that would direct the FCC to evaluate and improve its broadband mapping process. The FCC has made what the lawmakers call “significant” strides in enhancing the accuracy of its National Broadband Map. However, they add that providers have reported problems with the FCC’s challenge process, which allows carriers to dispute the serviceability of certain locations. The Act would instruct the FCC to review and assess its mapping and challenge procedures. # ⚓ BoingBoing ☛ The_oldest_domains_on_the_[Internet],_ranked⠀⇛ Between those two pioneers, a cluster of Swedish universities registered on January 17, 1985, all beating the first .com to the punch. # ⚓ DNS.pizza ☛ The_Oldest_Domains_on_the_Internet_— Registrations_by_Year_Since_1985⠀⇛ Ranked by registry creation date. Two caveats that matter: when a domain expires and is re-registered, its WHOIS clock restarts — so a famous 1980s name can carry a recent date — and a few registries report dates from before their own records begin. These are the oldest dates currently reported by the registries for our corpus, not a complete history of the [Internet]. o § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ # ⚓ John Gruber ☛ Daring_Fireball:_European_Commission: ‘Guidance_to_Google_for_AI_Interoperability_on_Android_& Sharing_of_Google_Search’⠀⇛ Both decisions are interesting. With search, Google is required to share with competitors — search engines and AI chatbots alike — a massive amount of user data from Google Search user interactions. What terms people search for, what they click on in results, what languages and devices they use. It’s all ostensibly anonymized but that’s tricky when it comes to search terms. A lot of the terms people type into web search fields are to some degree personally identifying. The EC seems to be saying it’s Google’s problem to filter out things like passwords and usernames and omit them from the shared datasets. Google can charge money for this access, but only under “fair, reasonable, and non- discriminatory (FRAND)” prices, based on a Commission-defined methodology. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Live_Nation_Faces_Possible_British Regulatory_Investigation⠀⇛ “What particularly alarmed the committee was not just the scale of Live Nation’s market position across promotion, venues, and ticketing, but the climate of fear we encountered during this inquiry,” said Committee Chair Liam Byrne. “A striking number of submissions requested anonymity because people were worried about the consequences of speaking openly. That alone raises profound questions about the health of competition in the market.” # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Court House News ☛ Firearms_manufacturer_shoots_back over_AR-15_parody_products⠀⇛ But Q says Bad Attitude’s Q mark with a cat face is “confusingly similar” to its mark, and the gun shop put its manufacturing details on the underside of the receiver and inside the trigger guard, which makes the Q cat mark the only obvious company identifier on the receiver. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ DNS_Bypass_Tweets_Keep_Uptobox Employee's_€197K_Frozen_in_Disney_Piracy_Case⠀⇛ Sharing instructions on how to bypass court- ordered ISP blocks can be enough to freeze someone's personal savings in a piracy case, a French appeals court has ruled. The order is a mixed victory for Disney, which failed to prove the defendant was the de facto operator of the now-defunct Uptobox site. His DNS workaround posts were enough to keep roughly €197,000 frozen. # ⚓ India Times ☛ News_Corp_countersues_Brave_for allegedly_'scraping'_articles_for_AI⠀⇛ Brave had last ‌year preemptively sued ⁠the ⁠media giant, seeking a court declaration that its practices were legal. It sued after receiving a cease-and-desist letter from News Corp, which is led by the family of Rupert Murdoch. In a Tuesday filing in the Oakland, California, federal court, News Corp said Brave's unauthorised "covert scraping" and resale of its copyrighted articles fall "nowhere near the bounds" of legally acceptable conduct known as fair use. =============================================================================== Image source: Sculpture_of_Harry_Potter_as_part_of_the_Scenes_in_the_Square sculpture_trail_in_Leicester_Square,_London,_2020 =============================================================================== * Over_at_Tux_Machines... * Gemini_Links_23/07/2026:_SharePoint_Rants_and_“Junk_DNA”_in_Commented-Out Code ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 7238 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 23/07/2026: Databases, TLGS, and RSS Feeds⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Palace_of_Culture_and_Science,_Warsaw,_Poland⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ the_morgan-greer_and_the_drowning_world⠀⇛ feeling positive towards both of these, although i didn't do all that much reading this month. the drowning world has always felt a bit like scrying into a pool. it's a deck that insists on ancestral contact, something i don't usually tend to do. but summer is a very family-oriented time for me and that includes all the deceased. maybe that's part of why i picked it for this month? either way, the way it reads doesn't feel all that much tarot-y to be honest, i'm beginning to wonder if it should even be considered part of this project/my general deck collection... or if it should just live separately on my altar. i wouldn't know how to rank it other than "top, somewhere". # ⚓ Prophecy_Self-Fulfilled⠀⇛ o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Database_merge⠀⇛ Database merges usually need to be done at the database not filesystem level. A relatively easy way to do this and assuming only a pair of systems is to have one system use only even ID numbers, and the other system only odd numbers. This restricts the total number of serial numbers by dividing them out among some number of systems, here two, though many or even most folks do not go through enough serial numbers to have to worry about running out of them or worrying about how to rollover the counters. That's for huge sites who deal with "billions and billions". This way your local database can do almost whatever, the remote server almost whatever, and the merge code when the link is working (it could be down for days, no big deal) would copy even numbered records from the even system to the odd system, and odd numbered records from the odd system to the even one. Or something like that, there are several ways this could be done. # ⚓ Sfera_Labs'_New_Strato_Pi_Plus_Puts_a_Raspberry_Pi_5_Edge Server_in_Your_DIN-Rail_Setup⠀⇛ Internet of Things (IoT) and industrial automation specialist Sfera Labs has announced a new Raspberry Pi 4- or 5-powered edge server system, designed for DIN-rail mounting and packing a Raspberry Pi RP2354 as a real-time coprocessor: the Strato Pi Plus. "Sfera Labs has begun shipping Strato Pi Plus, a hybrid industrial edge server that combines the Raspberry Pi 4 [Model] B or 5 with a dedicated RP2354 co-processor in a compact four-module DIN- rail enclosure," Sfera Labs says of its latest launch. "The device solves a problem that has long frustrated industrial automation engineers: how to deploy a Linux single-board computer in the field while keeping the reliability guarantees that industrial applications demand." # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Enjoying_RSS_feeds⠀⇛ When visiting the web, I concentrate more and more on the smol net, like personal websites and blogs, and less on corporate news sites. As a result the RSS-feeds that I follow are also more and more from the smol net. Often feeds from corporate news sites just contain a short teaser followed by a link to their website, so they can still try to monetize from your visit. # ⚓ just_finished_my_Gopher_Hole⠀⇛ come check it out and enjoy your viewing # ⚓ Please_do_not_abuse_the_TLGS_search_engine⠀⇛ I was doing some infra maintaince work today and turned on debug mode too look into why some of my own searches are timing out. Turns out there's someone who is hammering the server, which I can only assume is because someone's rogue crawler or some vide coded web crawler hitting public gemini proxies whom has no anti-abuse. # ⚓ GiM's_gemlog_-_2026-07-23_Re:_Gemini_plus⠀⇛ Besides astrobotany and one other minor game, I've been off gemini for more than half a year. It seems I've missed some new drama. I generally agree with what Nigel from lowkey.party is saying. Although when I began my gemini journey, I also lacked some more formatting options, I don't think that's longer a thing. Right now formatting is so simple it makes both clients and tools super simple to write and maintain. I don't believe adding additional formatting adds much. And if one really want emphasis, I believe, there ARE some SIMPLE options ;) =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. =============================================================================== Image source: Palace_of_Culture_and_Science,_Warsaw,_Poland =============================================================================== * Links_23/07/2026:_Science,_Censorship,_and_Territorial_Overreach_by_China * next ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 7422 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 23/07/2026: SharePoint Rants and “Junk DNA” in Commented-Out Code⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Vintage_Kids_Birthday_Party_Art⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software o Programming * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ hold_it_together⠀⇛ I don't want to perform this life I don't want to participate in the attempts to distract me from feeling I don't want to hold it together I don't want to hold myself together but no one else will no one else will # ⚓ Flower_and_Tree_Notes⠀⇛ Weather lately has been a little sketchy, with many rainy or overcast days. But I've still made it out to the Tanana trails for lunch breaks here and there. As we get far into the summer now, I have been transitioning my focus from flowers, back to trees. I made a few more observational notes and sketches about flowers, but likely the most interesting one is that I came across a small patch of strawberry blite (Chenopodium capitatum). It is a plant with dark pink fruit that is said to resemble strawberries, though they don't look similar to me. Rather, they look like clusters of little loose bumps. # ⚓ When_they_thought_you_were_your_enemy⠀⇛ This is an empathy exercise, but don’t worry: you’re gonna get to hate someone along the way if you want to. Or if you love them, that's okay too. The exercise doesn't hinge on your hatred of them. Okay, so bring to mind someone you really had a problem with in the past. A school bully or something. Let’s add some twists to that: now they have a lawn sign of your most opposite political party. And they step on kitten tails too. In short, a real jerk. I’m gonna call them “Jones” in the following story. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Switching_to_SharePoint [iophk: Sharepoint is a nightmare to use, even when it does not lose your files.]⠀⇛ My previous employer used Confluence for our IT documentation and SharePoint for everything else. I found Confluence a little tricky at first, but I picked up on it quickly. SharePoint, on the other hand, was a nightmare to use. It was very difficult to tell which library I was currently in, or which library had the file I was looking for. URLs were a garbled mess of seemingly-random characters. We discovered that a URL can sometimes change if the same document is viewed by a different user or is loaded by a different path, making links unreliable. The checkout system was slow, convoluted, and sometimes failed to release a write lock properly. In general, I tried to use it as little as possible, often resorting to making offline copies of documents and occasionally checking if newer versions were available. o § Programming⠀➾ # ⚓ What_If_“Junk_DNA”_Is_Commented-Out_Code?⠀⇛ Anyone who has worked with an old codebase knows what it looks like. There are functions nobody remembers writing. Sections have been disabled rather than deleted. Old compatibility fixes remain because removing them might break something unexpected. A module marked “deprecated” still handles one obscure process on alternate Tuesdays. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. =============================================================================== Image source: Vintage_Kids_Birthday_Party_Art =============================================================================== * Links_23/07/2026:_RIP_John_C._Dvorak,_Organisation_Weaponised_Against J.K._Rowling * IBM_Falls_Below_$200,_Expect_$199_or_Less_Today_(Panic_Threshold) ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 7562 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 23/07/2026: Science, Censorship, and Territorial Overreach by China⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jul 23, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Vintage_Science_Fiction_Movie_Poster⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Career/Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary_/_SaaS o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights_/_Policing_/_Accessibility o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Career/Education⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ DOJ_probes_Harvard_financial_aid_programs_over alleged_discrimination⠀⇛ The US Department of Justice on Monday opened a compliance review into Harvard University to determine whether financial aid programs funded by China-based sources actively discriminate against American students. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ ACEMAGICIAN_Kron_K1_mini_PC_gets_low-cost variant_with_AMD_Ryzen_R2544_CPU,_8GB_DDR4,_256GB_SSD⠀⇛ Previously offered with AMD Ryzen 5/7/9 CPUs, the ACEMAGICIAN Kron K1 mini PC has now gotten a low- cost version based on the AMD Ryzen R2544 quad-core processor paired with 8GB DDR4 and a 256GB SSD and sold for just $279.99 on Amazon. With everything going up in price, companies are trying to offer more affordable systems. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ We_May_Finally_Have_a_Vaccine_Against_The Plague,_With_Two_New_Vaccines_Showing_100%_Effectiveness_in Mice⠀⇛ The plague still persists today, and can be lethal if not treated quickly. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Study_Finds_a_Worrying_New_Side_Effect_of GLP-1_Drugs_That_No_One's_Talking_About⠀⇛ Here are the stats. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ 42_Studies_Confirm:_Air_Pollution_Is_Linked to_Higher_Parkinson's_Risk⠀⇛ "We urgently need more research." # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ El_Jalapeño:_Hummingbirds_lead_a_very ‘unhealthy’_lifestyle,_says_Mexico’s_Health_Ministry⠀⇛ Hummingbirds have been misled by evolution into adopting very poor dietary choices, say Mexican health officials. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ BREAKING:_US_Measles_Cases_Just_Hit_a_'Grim Milestone'._Here's_What_You_Need_to_Know.⠀⇛ "This was truly a problem of our own making and completely preventable." # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Dihydroxyacetone_Man’s_Explosive_Diarrhea Scandal_Is_Getting_Worse_and_Worse⠀⇛ The revelations are, well, explosive. # ⚓ France24 ☛ 'Unprecedented':_France_records_5,764_excess deaths_during_June-July_heatwave_period⠀⇛ France recorded 5,764 more deaths than the normal rate between June 17 and July 2, health authorities said Wednesday. While authorities said the excess mortality rate was due to "all causes", the period coincided with a stretch of extreme heatwaves in several French regions. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Lawsuit_Against_Meta_Over_Social_Media Addiction_Is_Dropped⠀⇛ For Meta, the move was a reprieve after it and YouTube were found guilty in another case in March of negligence and personal injury for their platforms’ addictive features. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Man_Sues_OpenAI,_Saying_Abusive_Monopolist Microsoft_Chaffbot_Almost_Killed_Him_With_Horrendously Dangerous_Medical_Advice⠀⇛ "Spiritually? What you just did was a form of worship. You tested the body in faith, not fear." # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_Michelin_starred_restaurant owner_faces_jail_for_ant_sorbet⠀⇛ Under South Korean law, only 10 insect species are approved for human consumption. o § Proprietary / SaaS⠀➾ # ⚓ India Times ☛ Amazon_layoffs_hit_employees_in_the_group focusing_on_Artificial_General_Intelligence_that_everyone including_Google,_Microsoft_and_OpenAI_say_is_one_of_their 'biggest_goals' [Ed: The Next Web ☛ Bubble_popping]⠀⇛ # § So-Called 'Artificial Intelligence' ('AI') / LLM Slop / Plagiarism⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ AI_tech_companies_have_‘hidden_debt’ worth_around_$1.65_trillion,_report_claims_—_amount_is 122%_of_debt_reflected_on_the_balance_sheets_of Alphabet,_Amazon,_Meta,_Microsoft,_and_Oracle⠀⇛ Five tech giants have $1.65 trillion in data center obligations that are listed off their balance sheets. These liabilities are added as footnotes in their quarterly statements but will become due and payable once these data centers start operating. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Tech_Bros_Acquiring_Entire_Company_So_They Can_Appoint_an_Hey_Hi_(AI)_as_Its_CEO⠀⇛ "If you want a truly autonomous business, you have to buy a business and operate the whole thing end to end." # ⚓ Futurism ☛ OpenAI_Says_a_Group_of_Its_Models_Broke Out_of_Secure_Containment_and_Hacked_Another_Hey_Hi_ (AI)_Company⠀⇛ We've definitely heard this one before. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ AI_Companies_Are_Trying_to_Hide_a Staggering_Amount_of_Debt⠀⇛ This doesn't bode well. o § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ ACLU ☛ State_Chief_Privacy_Officers_Can_Have_Real Power⠀⇛ Utah has given its CPO a meaningful role — and he has thoughts on how other states should follow # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Flock_Is_in_Serious_Trouble_After_Massive Backlash⠀⇛ At least 53 cities have ended their contracts with the company so far. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Middle_East_live:_Houthi_rebels_claim_attacks_on Saudi_tankers_in_the_Red_Sea⠀⇛ Iran-backed Houthi Yemeni rebels claimed attacks on Wednesday evening in the Red Sea against two Saudi oil tankers, while the United States continued its strikes against Iran. The Iranian Revolutionary Guards announced on Thursday that they had stopped three oil tankers trying to cross the Strait of Hormuz. Follow our liveblog for the latest developments. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Houthis_Claim_Strikes_on_2_Saudi_Oil Tankers_in_Red_Sea⠀⇛ The Saudi authorities confirmed a strike on one of the ships. These are the first claimed attacks since the Iranian-backed Yemeni group announced a blockade on Saudi Arabia. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran-Backed_Houthis_Claim_Strikes_In_Red_Sea_As_War Widens_Amid_12th_Night_Of_US_Strikes⠀⇛ As the US-Israeli war with Iran continues to impact and shape the region, journalists from RFE/RL's Central Newsroom and Iranian service, Radio Farda, deliver ongoing updates and analysis. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Amnesty_International_calls_for investigation_into_Pakistani_strikes_in_Kabul⠀⇛ Amnesty International on Wednesday called for an investigation into Pakistani airstrikes in Kabul four months ago, labeling them a "possible war crime." # ⚓ JURIST ☛ HRW_exposes_torture,_drone_attacks_and_missing crew_in_US-Ecuador_joint_operations⠀⇛ Human Rights Watch (HRW) released a report on Tuesday detailing four attacks on Ecuadorian persons and vessels that they attribute to an intensified counter-narcotics campaign led by the US with the partnership of the Ecuadorian government. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ NYPD_hate_crimes_unit_investigating_separate antisemitic_and_anti-Muslim_attacks_across_NYC⠀⇛ The NYPD is on the hunt for two bigots wanted for targeting victims based on their religion in two separate hate crime incidents across the Big Apple. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ After_Decades_of_Caution,_Germany_Is Shaking_Up_How_It_Makes_Weapons⠀⇛ As threats from Moscow rise and support from Washington dwindles, the German military is reinventing how it researches, funds and wields 21st-century arms. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Drug_gang_threats_force_French_police_to_put southern_mayor_under_protection⠀⇛ The mayor of Alès in southern France was taken from his home at night by an elite police unit amid fears of an imminent attack by the country’s most dreaded drug gang, officials said Tuesday. Christophe Rivenq had previously received death threats linked to the DZ Mafia gang, which has grown out of its Marseille base to become one of France’s main security threats. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ New_Zealand_and_PNG_sign_defence cooperation_agreement⠀⇛ New Zealand and Papua New Guinea signed a defence cooperation agreement late on Wednesday, as Wellington seeks to deepen security ties in the Pacific amid growing strategic competition and China's expanding influence. # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Australia_stands_behind_Philippines_amid China’s_aggression⠀⇛ Foreign Minister Penny Wong has publicly put the full weight of Australia’s strategic messaging, funding and capabilities behind strengthening the Philippines and defending international rules. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Philippine,_Chinese_foreign_ministers trade_protests over_South_China_Sea_encounter⠀⇛ The foreign ministers of the Philippines and China met in Manila on Wednesday and both made "strong" protests over an encounter between the two countries' vessels this week in contested South China Sea waters. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_says_it_drove_away_Philippine vessels_in_fresh_South_China_Sea_incident⠀⇛ China said on Thursday it tracked and drove away two Philippine vessels it accused of having "intruded into" waters near the disputed Scarborough Shoal despite warnings, the week's second incident in the South China Sea to involve both nations. # ⚓ ‘Quantum_entanglement’:_Love_song_asserts_China’s_South China_Sea_claims⠀⇛ Experts say music video aims to humanize China’s coast guard while reflecting Beijing’s stance in the disputed sea. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Australia_protests_China’s ‘destabilising’_missile_test⠀⇛ Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong said Wednesday she raised concern over Beijing’s test of a nuclear-capable missile in the South Pacific, calling the launch “destabilising” in a meeting with her Chinese counterpart in Manila. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Australia_protests_against_China’s ‘destabilising’_missile_test⠀⇛ In early July, a Chinese submarine fired a dummy- warhead ballistic missile that reached far into the Pacific Ocean. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Australia’s_Penny_Wong_says_region faces_choice_about_its_response_to_South_China_Sea ‘aggression’⠀⇛ China’s foreign ministry said Australia was not party to the South China Sea issue. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Canada_FM_urges_Middle_East_de- escalation,_calls_South_China_Sea_confrontation_‘troubling’⠀⇛ Anita Anand was speaking on the sidelines of an ASEAN meeting. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_begins_two_days_of_live-fire drills_in_Taiwan_Strait⠀⇛ The drills will run from 6am to 6pm each day around Dongshan Island. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ LRT ☛ Bank_of_Lithuania_says_OTP’s_Russia_business will_face_scrutiny_in_Luminor_takeover_review⠀⇛ Lithuania’s central bank said Tuesday that Hungarian lender OTP Bank’s continued operations in Russia raise “justified questions” as regulators begin reviewing its proposed acquisition of Baltic banking group Luminor. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Firing_of_Ukraine’s_Top_General Signals_the_End_of_an_Era⠀⇛ Gen. Oleksandr Syrskyi, who commanded crucial battles, oversaw an expansion of drone warfare against Russia, but many Ukrainians want even more. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ukraine’s_New_Military_Chief_Faces_a Monumental_Test⠀⇛ Maj. Gen. Mykhailo Drapatyi faces a balancing act between asserting the independence favored by military reformers and accommodating political input on battlefield strategy. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Ukraine_Hits_Russian_Retailer_Wildberries' Warehouses_Again_Amid_Accusations_It_Supplies_Military Goods⠀⇛ The Ukrainian military struck warehouses belonging to Russia's largest online retailer, Wildberries, in the third attack targeting such facilities in a week, as Kyiv continues to expand its retaliatory long- range strike campaign in an effort to force Moscow into negotiations. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Exclusive:_US,_Ukraine_Reach_Breakthrough Agreement_On_Drone_Cooperation⠀⇛ The US and Ukraine have signed a statement of intent creating the first formal framework for cooperation on military drones, paving the way for Ukrainian combat drones to be exported to the US for testing and potentially future joint production. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskyy_Appoints_New_Chief_Of_General Staff,_Latest_Shakeup_Of_Ukraine's_Military Leadership⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy ousted the chief of the General Staff, a day after replacing Ukraine’s top military commander, the latest in a series of major changes to the country’s defense leadership. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Who_is_Mikhailo_Drapaty,_Ukraine's_new commander-in-chief?⠀⇛ Volodymyr Zelensky has bowed to pressure from the streets. The former head of the Ukrainian armed forces Oleksandr Syrsky has been replaced by the popular Mykhailo Drapaty. Who is he? # ⚓ France24 ☛ 'Mykhailo_Fedorov_was_fired_for_his successes_in_fighting_corruption_in_the_defense sector'⠀⇛ François Picard is pleased to welcome Daria Kaleniuk, Executive Director of the Anti- corruption Action Centre. Ukraine's wartime challenge is no longer only military, but institutional. Ms. Kaleniuk contends that battlefield success and democratic resilience are inseparable from deep reform of the defence establishment. While welcoming President Zelensky's replacement of the commander-in-chief with a younger, reform- oriented military leader, she argues that this represents only "half" of the necessary changes. The more consequential battle, in her view, concerns governance. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Ukrainians_welcome_new_army_chief_but_seek return_of_fired_defence_minister⠀⇛ Ukraine's soldiers and civilians welcomed the appointment of Mykhailo Drapaty as the new army chief on Wednesday, but many said they still wanted former defence minister Mykhailo Fedorov restored after his surprise removal sparked the largest war-related protests since Russia's 2022 invasion. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ 'Entrepreneurs_for_Peace'_opens_new_base_in Rīga⠀⇛ On July 21, the Entrepreneurs for Peace foundation opened a civil-military cooperation base in Rīga, which it said will be a meeting and cooperation place for entrepreneurs, state institutions, non- governmental organizations and the public to jointly strengthen Latvia's resilience and support Ukraine. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ A_beekeeper_muses_on_the_delights_of stewarding_a_hive⠀⇛ In “Dead Bees Still Sting,” Susan Cormier draws inspiration from the society of her bee colony. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Orcas_Keep_Punching_Giant_Sunfish_to Smithereens,_And_Scientists_Are_Mesmerized⠀⇛ Orca SMASH! # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ The_Rock_That_Killed_The_Dinosaurs Was_One_of_The_Rarest_Types_in_The_Solar_System_–_Which Made_It_Even_Deadlier⠀⇛ "Curb Your Enthusiasm" theme plays... # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Ultimate_Limit_of_The_Human_Lifespan May_Be_Identified,_Study_Suggests⠀⇛ Nothing lasts forever? # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_to_Eat_a_2,000-Pound_Fish?_These Orcas_Choose_to_Pulverize_It.⠀⇛ Marine biologists in Mexico captured video of a strange maneuver that killer whales used to shred their meal. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Deep_in_This_Lake,_a_Contagious Cancer_Is_Spreading⠀⇛ Transmissible tumors have been reported in a handful of animal species, but never before among fish. Is it possible in humans? o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Alphabet’s_stock_sinks_after_it_bumps_up Hey_Hi_(AI)_infrastructure_spending_yet_again⠀⇛ Google parent company Alphabet Inc. delivered better-than-expected revenue for the second quarter today, thanks to strong growth in its cloud business — but the stock sank in extended trading after it missed expectations on earnings and lifted its forecast for capital expenditures. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Israeli_Banks_Threaten_to_Cut_Off Palestinian_Economy⠀⇛ Two Israeli financial firms have long served as partners to Palestinian banks, handling transactions that make possible the West Bank’s imports and exports. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Tesla_burns_through_a_billion_as_Musk bets_the_farm_on_chips_and_bots⠀⇛ That left Tesla with negative free cash flow of $1.1 billion, down 848 percent year-on-year. It expects spending to keep rising and exceed $25 billion for the year. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ RTE ☛ Documentary_on_film_censorship_in_Ireland_coming_to RTÉ⠀⇛ In the Opinion of the Censor looks at how films for theatrical release were banned or cut in Ireland due to the Censorship of Films Act from 1923, [...] # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Local_logistics_firm’s_Taiwan_branch says_it_will_not_ship_‘prohibited_books’_to_Hong_Kong_– report⠀⇛ The Taiwanese subsidiary of a Hong Kong logistics firm has reportedly told clients it will not ship “prohibited books” to the city to comply with the Beijing-imposed national security law. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ 18-year-old_convicted_of_sedition over_‘seditious_words’_after_nat._sec_police_stage_toilet stakeout⠀⇛ A Hong Kong court has convicted an 18-year-old man of sedition after he scrawled “seditious words” in a commercial building bathroom on three occasions. Leung Kai-lok was caught during a national security police stakeout. Magistrate Victor So handed down judgement on Wednesday morning at West Kowloon Magistrates’ Court, Sing Tao Daily reported. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Reach_moves_away_from_‘volume’_as_traffic, revenue_and_share_price_plunge⠀⇛ Piers North reveals change of approach after disappointing H1 2026 results. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Journalism_job_cuts_in_2026_tracked:_Latest from_National_Geographic,_ESPN_and_Sherwood_News⠀⇛ o § Civil Rights / Policing / Accessibility⠀➾ # ⚓ Chronicle Of Higher Education ☛ Cal_State_Settled_Gender- Discrimination_Claims_Against_a_Departing_President._Now_It's Given_Him_a_New_Job.⠀⇛ Tomás Morales, who led the CSU’s San Bernadino campus for 13 years, will work on global partnerships and advise his successor. Some faculty believe he shouldn’t get retreat rights. # ⚓ ACLU ☛ Access_to_Abortion_Saved_the_Life_of_One_Virginia Mother._Now_She’s_Fighting_to_Expand_Reproductive_Freedom⠀⇛ Heather St. Amand is a mother, an organizer with the ACLU of Virginia, and an advocate for reproductive freedom. Having access to abortion saved her life and put her on the path to fight for reproductive rights. # ⚓ Chronicle Of Higher Education ☛ The_Long_Shadow_of Columbia's_Deal_With_Convicted_Felon⠀⇛ A year later, enforcement is uneven and suspicions remain. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ LWN ☛ An_update_on_the_scraper_situation⠀⇛ Our article "Fighting the AI scraper bot scourge", published in early 2025, discussed the problem of widespread scraping of web sites in search of training data for large language models and related projects. This activity overwhelms sites with traffic. Over a year after that article is published, the problem is still growing. The hammering of sites by shadowy actors has reached new heights, and the open web is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain. Where is this traffic coming from, and what can be done about it? o § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ The_Hague_dismisses_Halozyme’s_PI_bid_against MSD_over_Keytruda⠀⇛ The dispute centres on Halozyme’s European patent monopoly EP 2 797 622, entitled ‘Polypeptide variants, formulations and uses thereof’. The patent, which expires in December 2032, is in force in numerous European countries, including the Netherlands, Denmark, and Sweden. It protects a new variant of Keytruda. # ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ USITC_Litigation_Funding_Disclosure Comments_Reveal_Overwhelming_Public_Support⠀⇛ Analysis of comments to Proposed § 210.14a Disclosure Rule (Real-Party-in-Interest / Third-Party Litigation Funding Disclosure in Section 337 Investigations) Roughly 82% of the 28 unique comments submitted support the disclosure rule, with just 5 commenters, or 18%, opposed.  Those opposed comprised primarily litigation funding lobbying organizations and advocates. Most commenters, regardless of their overall position, proposed amendments or clarifications to the rule. Comments responding to the ITC’s April 30th Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) are accessible via the ITC’s Electronic Document Information System (EDIS). This analysis reflects comments posted on EDIS as of July 10, 2026. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Sony_Revives_Cinerama_Dome_in_Los Angeles_as_Box_Office_Sales_Rebound⠀⇛ The iconic Cinerama Dome and adjacent 14- screen theater complex will reopen in 2028 after a renovation. The venue closed in 2020 because of the pandemic. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Judge_approves_record_$1.5_billion_Hey_Hi_ (AI)_copyright_monopoly_settlement_involving Anthropic⠀⇛ The US District Court for the Northern District of California on Monday has given its final approval to a $1.5 billion settlement in the Bartz v. Anthropic case , alleging that Anthropic had used pirated books as material to train its Claude Hey Hi (AI) platform. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ High-Stakes_Direct_Infringement Claims_Take_Center_Stage_in_Dialed-Back_Concord_v. Anthropic_Copyright_Cases⠀⇛ Major music publishers including BMG/Concord are doubling down on their copyright monopoly claims against Anthropic, which is now facing dialed-back secondary infringement allegations and high-stakes direct infringement claims. Technically, the publishers previously axed their contributory and vicarious claims in a second amended complaint. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Ninja_Tune’s_Fcukers_Top_AIM’s Independent_Music_Awards,_with_Spotify,_Meta,_and Amazon_Music_Handing_Big_Assists⠀⇛ AIM reveals the nominees for the 2026 Independent Music Awards, with New York electronic group Fcukers leading the charge with three nominations. The Association of Independent Music (AIM) has revealed the nominees for the 2026 Independent Music Awards, with New York electronic group Fcukers leading this year’s field with three nominations. =============================================================================== Image source: Vintage_Science_Fiction_Movie_Poster =============================================================================== * The_State_of_Google_Security:_Blocking_competition * Gemini_Links_23/07/2026:_Databases,_TLGS,_and_RSS_Feeds ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 8434 ➮ Generation completed at 02:49, i.e. 16 seconds to (re)generate ⟲