𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Monday, May 17, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Tue 18 May 02:40:26 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmSZTG3h8A6U3zGFDJ43S48r7L4PQHNWePgtDfg9ttnbbM QmWWQB7dKfFykk9hqcajpXdEzfDGRmtj3BBEk4pp1nMBkN QmQzNpWJQMoFCuyskw5nkucHrWaXPe418yjdFXQCtD7zDD QmZGwB2dwoXTCA8Y8CWe2HqGrE5YtaUwPz4gUmyf4oWnxU QmUMo7d8dgF7XmqoeEHu1xfKy8iTPL8RkLquhWVGyB4HRH Qma8WdxzNkr8wRWABL5YE3twryLeQmmYM1S2TZp8zaGjj4 QmW6jLQ2hv6Ar6tpZ2qZPAdRcM8FyWxbwros9pg8VRRi28 QmeC8jyP7ZWx5xqD2hUk59hxM7v5THa1wiFpeBFivmefoq QmZgMbdiExWxP7c57aLX2a9Ec5vgUmky4974qEhynvmfEp QmbA6BEDcLemCzV7fkGoG9SSgTMvpcDqcLtzr5Uvr3JzGx QmfJWKCSvnWiHsJUAJCjg36Kyfvj1byG19GxA3Eb5x9bWZ Qmd6hgQN6gsko5DWsxdXwkXX5VmBZjqgdwFNSeyRk8iEo8 QmQ18yUNqfXiMeHu1h8nZAKdHmDvLPQs6mLzvyuXvVgrDo Qme2zET7nsqftCZUhomdrJ2TcwdGxMXqHcFY9wq5d5xR6R QmVbFEyoei5EfBno6mfaV8Lg5vnzQcZXDoQmXzwLWXGUbD QmY1nEtvC6N6tNSxkwj8Tw653B51CPx3PDFFgdZ8WdY6uP QmWt3x2H4WRfgnXv4HyfLQiisS4rXUEFpzdGzbh1TRQ4oA Qmew4966U9C7FCWNj1HCAmZKk1jbzmXQndWRmDvMJrTEND QmcFVWPzMD3JnP4diPmMmw19yYB5ErxCrdPuguDUU6hAiL QmbnCShJZXXJukDvCagKTsgnyzFdQuxMqLAVLXGSbRVGT5 QmXcnXM8Zj4s5QxjD6VU5NMLXSvvM2fu7d1QmVLUzJgjke ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ (All-Time) Archive of Techrights Videos Contains About 1,000 Videos, All Listed in One Place Now | Techrights ⦿ Brand as Distraction From the Core Issues Surrounding the Right To Repair | Techrights ⦿ Calle Josefsson as Living Proof That Attacking the Causes You Once Proclaimed to Stand for is Very Profitable | Techrights ⦿ The EPO’s War on Justice and Assault on the Law - Part 10: A Faustian Pact? | Techrights ⦿ Richard Stallman Refers to Intel’s Management Engine (ME) - or a Back Door - as ’Master’, and the Processor Intel Lets Us Use as ‘Slave’ | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Sunday, May 16, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ Virtual ’Courts’ Aren’t Courts and Aren’t Suitable Substitutes, Either | Techrights ⦿ Right To Repair: When You Don’t Own What You Buy (and Cannot Even Repair It Legally) | Techrights ⦿ President of the Boards of Appeal, the Star of the Haar Show | Techrights ⦿ EPO Staff Representatives Not Amused to See an Office That Steals From Staff and Even From Pensioners | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Virtual Prisons for Virtual Hearings (Haarings) | Techrights ⦿ Right To Repair: What It’s About and How That Relates to Software | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/all-time-archive-of-techrights-videos-contains-about-1000-videos-all-listed-in-one-place-now/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/brands-and-the-right-to-repair/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/calle-josefsson-sellout/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/epo-faustian-pact/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/intel-master-slave/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/irc-log-160521/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/on-virtual-courts/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/right-to-repair-and-modify/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/star-of-haar/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/stealing-from-epo-staff/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/virtual-jail/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/what-is-right-to-repair/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/bodhi-linux-6-0-0/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/kdenlive-21-04-1/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/linux-5-13-rc2/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 82 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/all-time-archive-of-techrights-videos-contains-about-1000-videos-all-listed-in-one-place-now/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/all-time-archive-of-techrights-videos-contains-about-1000-videos-all-listed-in-one-place-now/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ (All-Time)_Archive_of_Techrights_Videos_Contains_About_1,000_Videos,_All Listed_in_One_Place_Now⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 12:47 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/videos-at-techrights-indexed.webm Summary: We’re improving access to old material in the site and right now the focus is ways_to_improve_discovery_of_old_video/multimedia_files FOLLOWING this new_(hours-old)_video about the importance of software freedom we thought it would be about time to list all the videos in this site. Many of these videos directly relate to or indirectly concern Free/libre software and software patents. Some are about the EPO and several contain evidence of Benoît Battistelli‘s crimes. It’s important to have a gallery that’s easy to navigate and find things in (based on a topic). Some people prefer videos. “Some people prefer videos.”I recorded a video to explain some of the work we did today and we’ve meanwhile (whilst uploading this video) added to the front page a link to the videos_index, which is still being improved over time (for discovery purposes for the most part). 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Videos cleaner⦈ The image to the right shows what it looks like currently (a step further compared to what’s shown in the video). Later today we’ll continue the series about the kangaroo court of António Campinos — a court which Campinos recently pressured (successfully in fact) to say “OK” to European_software_patents. We have some more site-related project to work on overnight (tonight) and we’ll keep readers updated/abreast of any notable/noteworthy changes. █ ⣟⢛⠿⡿⠟⡿⢿⠿⡿⢻⡿⣿⢿⣿⡟⡿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣟⣛⢿⡿⣿⠿⡿⣿⠿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣛⡟⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣟⣻⢿⡟⢻⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠛⣿⢛⢿⡿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠼⠦⠿⠥⠧⠼⠄⠇⠼⠤⠷⠽⠿⠧⠯⠽⠧⠿⠴⠾⠿⠿⠿⠴⠦⠿⠿⠿⠿⠍⠿⠿⠯⠾⠿⠯⠧⠼⠆⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠿⠴⠷⠼⠿⠿⠿⠼⠧⠴⠦⠿⠧⠧⠿⠿⠵⠮⠤⠿⠼⠼⠧⠿⠧⠾⠤⠿⠼⠮⠿⠿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⠃⢸⡟⠛⠛⠃⢀⣴⠟⠛⠛⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⡟⠛⢻⡆⠀⣿⡇⠀⣴⠟⠛⠛⠃⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠘⠛⢻⡟⠛⠛⢠⡞⠋⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⠶⠆⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⠶⠶⢾⡇⠀⢸⡧⣤⡾⠃⠀⣿⡇⢸⡏⠀⠀⣤⣤⠀⢸⡷⠶⠶⢾⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠻⢶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⣀⣀⡀⠘⣷⣄⣀⣀⡀⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⡇⠈⢻⣄⠀⣿⡇⠈⢿⣄⣀⣀⣿⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣖⡒⢰⢠⠒⠂⣆⣀⡖⢲⠒⠀⠐⢲⠒⣆⣀⡆⣖⡒⠀⢠⠒⠂⡰⠒⡄⡴⠒⡄⡖⢢⠀⠀⣖⡒⢰⢠⠒⠂⣆⣀⡖⢲⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠸⠘⠤⠇⠏⠀⠇⠸⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠏⠀⠇⠧⠤⠀⠘⠤⠽⠱⠤⠇⠳⠤⠃⠧⠜⠀⠀⠇⠀⠸⠘⠤⠇⠏⠀⠇⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣴⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⡟⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠿⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⣴⣿⠿⣛⣛⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⢠⣾⣿⢱⢟⣽⣿⣭⠊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢠ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣉⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣜⠘⠿⠿⣛⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢿⠁⠀⠀⢀⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠾⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠈⠙⠿⢿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠛⢅⡀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡨⠹⠿⢟⣿⣿⣯⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠽⠛⠹⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⢅⠫⠿⡿⢿⢿⣻⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢑⠟⠋⠉⠡⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠛⣼ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠈⠈⠀⠉⠀⠈⠀⠞⢛⠩⢼⠗⠻⠙⠻⠟⠉⠛⠞⠫⠂⠏⠉⠁⠐⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡤⠀⣤⡄⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣧⠀⠀⢠⣿⠁⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠉⢿⣆⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠁⠀⠀⠙⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣇⢀⣾⠃⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⠶⠶⠶⠀⠀⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣾⡏⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⢀⣾⡏⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⡀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠀⠸⠿⠶⠾⠟⠋⠀⠀⠸⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠀⠀⠙⠿⠶⠶⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡗⣶⠶⣶⢶⡶⢶⢲⡶⢶⣶⡶⡶⢶⡖⣶⢶⡶⢶⣶⣶⢶⠶⣶⢶⡶⣶⢶⡶⢶⡶⢶⢶⣖⣶⢶⠶⣶⢲⡶⢶⠶⡶⢶⡶⣶⣶⡶⣶⢶⡖⢶⠶⣶⢲⣶⢶⡶⢶⡶⡶⢶⠶⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣧⣽⣬⣼⣽⣯⣽⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣽⣴⣧⣶⣴⣧⣵⣿⣾⣼⣧⣿⣼⣧⣶⣼⣧⣼⣯⣶⣾⣟⣷⣼⣧⣮⣼⣧⣼⣭⣿⣼⣤⣾⣿⣦⣿⣴⣥⣼⣭⣿⣼⣿⣴⣧⣼⣧⣯⣽⣭⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢟⣻⢻⡿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣻⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣛⢿⢿⢿⢟⣿⣟⣻⢻⢿⠿⠻⢿⢻⢻⣿⣛⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣮⣿⣼⣤⣿⣴⣷⣿⣿⣯⣼⣬⣾⣾⣭⣿⣿⣾⣷⣽⣯⣿⣽⣼⣇⣧⣧⣶⣤⣬⣼⣦⣧⣿⣶⣧⣵⣼⣼⣼⣧⣬⣼⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢿⢛⢿⡻⣿⢻⡟⣿⢻⣟⡿⢹⠛⣿⢹⣟⣿⢻⡏⡽⡹⠹⣟⢙⢻⡹⣹⣿⢭⡟⡟⢛⢛⢛⡟⢻⢹⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣧⣼⣶⣿⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣿⣾⣧⣷⣷⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣶⣮⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣹⣘⣯⣸⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣏⣹⣹⣿⣞⣞⣌⣯⣸⣹⣞⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣹⣹⣟⣹⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⢿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣼⣤⣿⣽⣯⣿⣇⣧⣦⣼⣦⣯⣽⣤⣦⣿⣴⣧⣧⣾⣿⣼⣬⣮⣼⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣻⠛⣿⠻⡿⣏⡻⡏⡿⢻⣟⣻⣛⡏⢻⢛⢿⠛⡿⢻⢿⣿⠹⡹⡙⢻⢙⠋⠹⢹⡏⠭⢟⣻⢻⢛⡛⡟⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⣷⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣾⣷⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣹⢏⡽⣯⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣯⢿⣽⡟⣿⣿⣿⡜⡞⣎⢿⠸⣹⡜⣼⣿⣶⡿⢿⢹⢹⣭⡿⣹⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣽⣵⣼⣦⣧⣷⣵⣿⣷⣾⣼⣦⣧⣧⣿⣭⣧⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⡯⢽⡿⡿⣻⠭⣻⡿⡯⢽⡻⠿⡿⠿⡏⢿⢿⡿⣻⣿⡟⠛⢿⠛⡏⡻⠹⠏⣿⠩⠽⡛⣟⣟⢛⢿⠻⢛⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣧⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣙⣿⢹⣟⣿⢹⡏⣿⡻⣿⣧⢣⢧⡹⡇⠏⣧⢧⣿⣷⣾⠭⡏⡏⣭⣽⠉⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣼⣧⣟⣽⣧⣻⣤⣣⣿⢷⣱⣱⣜⣆⣣⣶⣱⣿⣼⣿⣒⣇⣇⣷⣼⣡⣇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 183 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/brands-and-the-right-to-repair/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/brands-and-the-right-to-repair/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Brand_as_Distraction_From_the_Core_Issues_Surrounding_the_Right_To_Repair⠀✐ Posted in DRM, Videos at 4:21 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/Excerpt-The-myth-and-fallacy-that-one-brand-is- the-problem.webm Summary: Excerpt of a video from Odysee, in which an important point is explained regarding a very actual and relevant case, more so given a recent ruling that indirectly impacts software freedom, mostly in (but not limited to) the United States THE Daily Links in Techrights recently contained a great deal of news about the Right To Repair, usually under the “DRM” section. The subject was mentioned here before, at_least_in_passing, and we’ve shared a number of LibrePlanet videos about it. Expect more of the same. The Right To Repair, which many people aren’t aware of, isn’t just of economic and ecological importance. It also pertains to software freedom, sometimes very directly (e.g. in the case of modern tractors). █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 224 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/calle-josefsson-sellout/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/calle-josefsson-sellout/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Calle_Josefsson_as_Living_Proof_That_Attacking_the_Causes_You_Once_Proclaimed to_Stand_for_is_Very_Profitable⠀✐ Posted in Courtroom, Europe, Law, Patents at 12:11 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/betrayal-pays.webm Summary: Some thoughts on the situation of the Boards of Appeal in Haar; they’re led by someone who receives a huge salary (a four- or five-fold increase) in exchange for an epic sellout and abandonment of principles; as a de facto legal slinger or imposter/poser he has already done incredible damage on several levels THE president of the kangaroos at the EPO (beholden to Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos) has eliminated any remnants of independence long enjoyed — or at least publicly boasted — by the Boards of Appeal. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Carl Josefsson dinner⦈ Earlier this year they gave an “OK” to European_software_patents, as one might expect as Campinos pressured them to do so. The president of the kangaroos has signed what we've_just_called “a Faustian pact.” “Josefsson does what he’s told by the people whose actions he’s supposed to judge.”He basically agreed that as president of the kangaroos he’ll authorise pretty much everything done by the Office. It’s hard to find any exceptions to that. Josefsson does what he’s told by the people whose actions he’s supposed to judge. The video above interjects some personal views and remarks about the incredible level of compensation offered for the defection and for sellouts, (mis)using a term like “Judge” (not UPC lobbyist) to give perceived legitimacy to an incredibly out-of-order regime. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇It's_OK,_I'm_being_compensated_by_Battistelli_to_do_bad things⦈_ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠋⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢻⣟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠤⠺⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀ ⠀⠀⢶⠦⣄⣾⣁⣹⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡭⠽⠻⣿⣿⢛⡋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣟⢀⡀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣷⢠⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣟⣇⠀⢀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡿⣭⣿⣿⣿⠏ ⠀⠠⣄⡀⠁⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⠻⡄⠀⠈⢙⣿⢟⡀⢀⡀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣽⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠒⠲⠶⢾⣿⡟⣻⣿⣿⡾⠶⠦⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣌⠙⠻⠿⠟⠀⢠ ⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡐⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⠙⡣⣽⠛⠀⣾⣿⡿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢷⣿⣷⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⣤⣶⣶⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡏⢸⣀⣿⣟⣿⢇⡬⣬⢠⠉⡤⣀⡀⡸⡿⢿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⢛⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡄⡬⡽⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡟⠋⠙⠻ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⠶⢿⣿⣿⡀⣆⣾⠈⢸⣶⣼⣧⣧⣸⣏⢩⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡅⣶⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⠀⠘⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣷⣾⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⢸⠀⢀⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣌⣸⣶⣶⣲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠀⠀⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡇⠀⣀⣶⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢨⣴⡇⣿⣿⣷⣤⣶⢶⣶⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣤⣴⣾⣇⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣅⣀⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⡿⡄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡠⡄⠀⠀⠀⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣧⣄⣿⡿⠛⠛⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠻⢿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠀⠀⠀⣧⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣾ ⠀⠀⠀⠼⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣟⠙⠿⣿⣿⣎⢳⠀⡀⣀⣉⣀⡀⠘⡇⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⣿⣻⣷⣾⣿⣿⣞⠀⠉⠻⠛⠛⠻⠿⢵⣦ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⢧⣰⠄⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣿⣯⡿⣿⣫⡿⣯⡟⣷⡎⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⢸⣿⢰⣭⡸⣷⣭⣻⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣟⣶⣮⣙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢹⣆⣿⡇⠛⢿⣇⣿⡇⣿⡟⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣮⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣍⢠⣾⣷⠉⠉⣛⠿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠻⠿⢤⣿⣿⡆⣀⣬⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠃⠿⣿⣴⣾⡇⣈⡝⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣷⣿⣷⣶⣇⣬⡙⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣝⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣶⣶⣄⢸⣿⣿⣿⡛⠋⠉⢹⡏⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢸⣿⣶⢼ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠉⣿⠻⡿⠟⠊⠁⠚⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣴⣴⣾⣷⣠⢁⣀⢦⣀⢘⣮⡄⣄⣄⢄⠀⠀⢠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⡏⣿ 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gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/epo-faustian-pact/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_10:_A_Faustian_Pact?⠀✐ Posted in Courtroom, Europe, Law, Patents at 12:02 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Previously in this series: * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_1:_Rumours_of_a Kangaroo_Court_at_EPOnia * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_2:_Just_Another Pro_Forma_Rubber-Stamping_Exercise? * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_3:_The_Current Line-up * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_4:_The_President of_the_Boards_of_Appeal * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_5:_Battistelli’s “Swedish_Chef” * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_6:_The_Habermasian Who_Warned_About_“Legal_Anarchy” * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_7:_Calle’s_Strange Metamorphosis * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_8:_The_Radical Student_“Brotherhood” * The_EPO’s_War_on_Justice_and_Assault_on_the_Law_—_Part_9:_Squeezing_Out the_Lifeblood_of_Democracy? * You are here ☞ A Faustian Pact? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Carl Josefsson and Benoît Battistelli⦈ Carl Josefsson’s “deal” with the EPO seems to be a Faustian pact. Summary: Benoît_Battistelli‘s rubber-stamping judge from Sweden saw his salary growing four- or five-fold and he has meanwhile lowered his public profile, fearing that people will see what he sold his soul for As we noted in the last part, since Josefsson’s arrival in Haar in March 2017, there haven’t been many signs of a lively Habermasian discourse in the corridors of the EPO‘s Boards of Appeal in Haar. “EPO insiders also report that Josefsson studiously avoids getting involved in any “political” discussions about the EPO’s glaring governance deficits, including those affecting the Boards of Appeal.”The only things the new President of the Boards of Appeal seems to care about nowadays are production figures_and_“timeliness”. His carefully honed reports and PR releases are full of the usual insipid, self-congratulatory managerial waffle and utterly devoid of any kind of inspiring content. EPO insiders also report that Josefsson studiously avoids getting involved in any “political” discussions about the EPO’s glaring governance deficits, including those affecting the Boards of Appeal. “In addition to this there are other perks and benefits, such as top-notch private health insurance, travel expenses and generous daily allowances for duty missions.”But what exactly does Josefsson get out of the Faustian pact which he has concluded with the mafia-like entity that controls the EPO? The answer to this question seems to lie in the lucrative tax-free salary that he receives as President of the Boards of Appeal. This is estimated to be of the order of EUR 20K a month by the time that all available fringe benefits such as an expatriation allowance are factored in. In addition to this there are other perks and benefits, such as top-notch private health insurance, travel expenses and generous daily allowances for duty missions. And of course, for good measure, there are also the EPO’s gold-plated pension arrangements for senior managers. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Carl Josefsson⦈ By anybody’s standards that’s quite an attractive compensation package and one that compares very favourably with the average judicial salary in Sweden. According to available_information, the average salary for a senior judge in Sweden is estimated to be of the order of SEK 690 000, which is approximately equivalent to € 68 000 at current exchange rates. “Based on the available data, it is estimated that Josefsson’s career move to Haar may have enabled him to boost his take-home salary by as much as a factor of four or five, perhaps even more.”That’s a gross salary figure and it should not be forgotten that Sweden is a relatively high-taxation jurisdiction. Based on the available data, it is estimated that Josefsson’s career move to Haar may have enabled him to boost his take-home salary by as much as a factor of four or five, perhaps even more. Nice money if you can get it. By way of comparison, back home in Sweden journalists – including Josefsson’s old buddy Per Wirtén – were sounding the alarm in 2015 about the low levels of remuneration for freelancers: “Freelancer rates have fallen so much that much of quality freelance journalism is under threat and its practitioners with it.” According to a report in the Swedish press, the post-tax income of many freelance journalists left them under social security benefit levels. Translation_into_English [PDF] below: SOURCE: https://www.svt.se/kultur/medier/flera-frilansars-arvoden-pa- socialbidragsnivaer § Alarm: freelancers’ remuneration at social welfare benefit levels⠀➾ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Swedish journalism⦈ Per Wirtén, Annina Rabe and Dan Josefsson are among those taking part in the appeal. Published 6 November 2015 20 freelance journalists in a joint protest against the industry’s conditions. Many are now working on remuneration rates below social welfare benefit levels, according to a new survey. “Freelancer rates have fallen so much that much of quality freelance journalism is under threat and its practitioners with it.” So write 20 freelance journalists, including names like Dan Josefsson, Per Wirtén and Annina Rabe, in a joint appeal in Expressen. The call comes in connection with a new Sifo survey from the Journalists’ Union, which shows that four out of ten freelancers in the union now have extra jobs on the side to make a living. Wages at subsistence level The average income for a freelance journalist is SEK 15,000 after tax, according to the survey. But many members fall below the social security benefit level (SEK 3,880 + rent), when they declare what they are left with after taxes and contributions. 29% have less than SEK 10,000, and 12% less than SEK 5,000. According to the survey, more and more journalists are changing professions, while many are considering it because of increased stress and tougher conditions. At the same time, the pressure to deliver quickly is affecting quality, according to the majority of respondents. “It is difficult to argue that the meticulous, ethical and responsible freelance journalism is cut off from ordinary economic logic. We want media owners, financial managers and publishers who have power over freelance budgets to take responsibility,” the freelancers write in their statement. The survey is based on a Sifo poll commissioned by the Journalists’ Union. 622 out of 1,832 registered freelance members responded to the survey. One is left to wonder what Josefsson’s former buddies in Swedish left-wing circles would make of the manner in which he has cast aside his youthful idealism and prostrated himself before the power of the purse. Like his Nordic confrère Kongstad, Josefsson seems to have succumbed to the lure of easy tax-free money from the EPO. “Whatever “Calle” may have sold his soul for, the general consensus among EPO insiders is that it certainly isn’t rock ‘n’ roll.”In fairness to Josefsson, it should be pointed out that he receives his tax-free salary through lawful channels rather than under the table as in Kongstad’s case. Josefsson himself appears to have become rather reclusive since taking up his position at the EPO. He no longer uses his Twitter account and he has not been seen to participate in any public discussions about legal or political affairs. The only personal presence which he still maintains online these days is on the Internet music platform Bandcamp, where he reveals himself to be a heavy metal fan. Whatever “Calle” may have sold his soul for, the general consensus among EPO insiders is that it certainly isn’t rock ‘n’ roll. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Heavy metal fan Josefsson⦈ Heavy metal fan Josefsson may have sold his soul – but not for rock ‘n’ roll… And with that we conclude our in-depth profile of the Chairman of the Enlarged Board. In the next part, we turn our attention to the rapporteur in case G 1/21, Wim van der Eijk. █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠖⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⢿⣄⣬⢍⣤⣾⣿⠿⣿⣟⣿⣄ ⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠠⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⡒⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠐⠠⠬⠁⣀⠀⡉⠭⢉⡀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠀⠀⢠⣶⠃⠀⠚⠀⣠⣿⠾⡟⣟⣿⣿⠝⠙⠶⠟⢩⣿⣿⣯⣻ ⠀⢻⣥⠀⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣄⠍⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⡝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢉⠀⠂⠀⠀⡙⡬⠁⢀⠁⢠⣀⡀⣤⣴⢆⠈⢒⣾⣖⡂⠀⠈⠁⢀⡄⠀⠐⠒⠻⡋⠅⡆⠅⠀⡄⠓⠲⠪⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⢀⠻⣷⡘⢿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠞⠋⣰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⢀⢠⠡⡄⠒⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⡛⠺⡉⢋⡬⠿⣿⣴⠀⠀⠈⡠⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⣼⠂⠃⠀⠄⢠⠀⠴⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠁⠘⠣⠙⣧⠈⢻⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡶⠃⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢢⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⣊⢊⢻⡓⢋⠈⠉⠠⠈⠈⠲⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠐⠐⢁⡏⠂⡀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠠⡠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣱⣦⣤⣤⣶⣶⢾⣵⡦⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠌⠂⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠈⡭⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡊⠣⣦⡸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠚⡐⠀⠀⠌⡇⢫⡀⡠⠄⠺⢀⠏⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⠀⠀⠐⡬⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢊⡌⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣀⣀⡀⣠⠀⠂⢐⠄⠀⠘⣗⢁⠀⡀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣦⡄⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⢪⠁⠆⠉⢸⢿⡇⢸⣇⣀⣀⣤⣀ ⠚⠓⠊⠛⠘⠁⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⠡⠀⠀⡠⣰⡶⣿⢯⣽⢿⡗⠀⠈⠀⠘⠟⣟⢃⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣆⠀⠀⡁⣌⡇⢈⠀⠀⢂⢸⣿⢃⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠒⠐⠚⠒⠚⠛⠚⡒⠉⠀⠺⢿⡋⣋⠲⢶⡞⠋⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠁⡂⠀⢢⢊⣧⢾⠏⣾⣿⣿⡥⡤⠘⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠈⠃⡗⠲⡀⠄⠀⠸⢉⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠹⠏⠩⠿⣶⠷⠶⠶⡖⠆⣿⠓⠾⣭⣛⡶⠄⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⢎⠨⠐⠐⡑⠁⠙⣽⢠⢨⢥⣯⠷⠉⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⡃⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠀⠩⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣯⣼⠈⡍⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠅⡐⠀⠀⠘⢽⠨⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣅⢧⠀⠂⠀⠀⢐⡿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣠⢐⠔⣔⡀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⢽⣼⡃⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡀⠀⠀⠒⠘⡿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠰⡟⢦⡗⡏⠀⠀⠀⡇⠠⣿⣿⣿⢺⣿⠇⡇⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡄⠀⠀⢰⡚⣽⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉ ⢄⢭⡉⡉⢀⡀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⡇⡇⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣍⡹⢭⠁⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⡇⠀⠀⠄⣱⣹⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶ ⠁⠚⠓⠓⠐⠂⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⣶⣯⡩⠟⡳⡇⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠚⠰⡎⢀⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⣿⣿⣷⠎⢻⣿⠂⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡹⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛ ⠀⢀⣤⣤⠤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠁⠀⠀⠒⠈⠀⠡⠘⠖⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠸⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣈⣁⣠⣤⣄⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⢀⡌⠛⠋⠀⠺⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠻⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠙⡻⡟⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠟ ⠀⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⡵⠃⡎⢉⣭⣭⣹⢉⠍ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢀⡠⠀⡀⢸⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⡡⢴⣿⣿⠟⠋⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡃⢰⡇⠈⡻⠨⠚⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⡂⠲⣔⣆⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢟⠁⠀⢧⣆⣭⣶⣞⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣱⠖⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣅⠚⡉⠁⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⡰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠈⢥⡀⣾⣦⢀⣿⣧⣹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣭⠹⣿⡻⣧⣀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠛⢻⣿⡿⠁⠄⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢰⡅⠑⠀⣀⡀⢰⣾⠗⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣦⡄⠀⠀⠐⠀⠈⡇⠀⠈⠸⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡝⣿⡟⠻⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠽⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠐⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⠕⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣄⠹⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢘⡛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣧⡹⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢦⣈⣃⠠⠀⡼⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣮⣥⣮⣥⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣷⡙⣯⣴⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢛⠿⢷⣶⣾⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢠⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣷⣶⣤⣯⣵⣶⣮⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣭⡝⣴⣶⣶⣿⣟⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⠽⠻⠿⠋⠈⠙⢿⡟⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢳⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠻⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣭⣶⣶⣾⣿⡻⣿⡿⠋ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡄⠙⠋⢀⡾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠵⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣄⣤⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⢠⡀⢘⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠄⠀⠀⣾⡄⣀⣏⡿⠧⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠐⢒⠈⢥⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣬⡯⠉⠉⠁⣐⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⢶⣿⣯⠺⠱⠘⢭⡥⠤⣴⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⠾⠿⠟⠛⠻⣉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣛⣭⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣫⣏⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡨⠁⢀⣀⣀⣠⣹⣁ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠊⢀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠔⠈⢰⣯⣶⡿⣨⠄⡠⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⡠⠂⣀⣀⣤⣄⣠⡄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡬⠀⢀⡬⡿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣀⠘⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⣶⣿⣭⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠘⠸⠁⠹⠋⠑⠋⡼⢽⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⠀⠀⠀⠈⣹⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠼⠉⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠠⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⡀⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣠⣌⣠⣶⣦⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⢠⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣙⣛⢿⠿⠿⠟⢋⣉⣙⡻⠿⣿⣷⠀⠸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⣀⣐⣿⠟⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠲⢋⣥⣿⡟⣋⣉⣡⣩⡞⣶⣦⢠⠉⣙⠛⠛⣿⡇⡙⠀⠘⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡟⢀⣀⣀⠠⣶⣦⠉⠻⡿⠙⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⣳⣿⠿⠶⠿⣓⣻⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣤⣰⡇⣽⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣧⣩⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣀⣿⣾⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡭⠉⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢰⣿ ⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣁⣁⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣽⣛⡻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡽⠟⠇⡘⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣷⣶⢶⣦⣭⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠊⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿ ⠿⠷⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠐⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⣩⡃⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⡈⢿⠟⠋⠙⣻⠋⠀⠀⠀⡠⡄⢠⡤⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠄⣠⣾⣿⠇⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⣤⣠⢶⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠢⣶⠵⣊⣯⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⢀⢀⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣽⡇⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⣿⣧⣢⣾⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠊⠻⢔⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠉⠉⠋⠚⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣯⣾⠿⢑⠀⠉⠛ ⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣏⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣝⢿⣯⠏⣴⠿⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⣎⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡬⠿⣈⠳⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⢨⣿⢿⣶⣤⡄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣽⠏⢰⣲⣿⡟⣿⣿⠋⣴⡾⣻⣷⣴⣿⣖⠀⠀⠀ ⣸⣿⣷⣞⣭⣾⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣭⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣻⣧⣻⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⡟⣴⣷⡷⣾⣷⣶⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠔⣥⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣴⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⠈⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⠗⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣍⣀⡹⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣻⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣯⡍⠈⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣥⣶⠟⢽⡿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠙⠉⠙⠻⣟⡣⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣛⠋⠻⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡤⣼⣿⣷⡟⠂⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⠿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣷⠶⠤⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡉⠈⢻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⡀⠀⠂ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢿⠀⠈ 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http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/intel-master-slave/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/intel-master-slave/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Richard_Stallman_Refers_to_Intel’s_Management_Engine_(ME)_—_or_a_Back_Door_— as_‘Master’,_and_the_Processor_Intel_Lets_Us_Use_as_‘Slave’⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software, Hardware at 4:42 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link https://media.libreplanet.org/mgoblin_media/media_entries/2043/stream- 123_20180324__17-09-22.webm Summary: “The president and founder of the Free Software Foundation will speak about pressing issues in free software today, and will present the winners of the 2018 Free Software Awards,” says_the_summary (this was 3 years ago, i.e. before the purge of language, with a prominent role played by Intel) IN HINDSIGHT, or in sight/light of recent news, more people understand that Dr. Stallman was wrongly maligned, maybe even used as somewhat of a scapegoat/ sacrificial lamb to distract from what Bill Gates had_done_in_MIT. “Racism will go away when we get rid of racist companies like the I’s (IBM and Intel, which actively harmed black people, collectively).”In any event, it’s worth reminding people of the message of Stallman on technical and ethical issues, setting aside all the political stuff that he’s being blasted for. Listen to the above video and pay attention to what he said about 3 minutes into this talk. It’s a subject that I spoke to him about in the past. It’s about microprocessors coming with back doors (more of them over time; it’s not limited to Intel anymore). 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Richard Stallman in 2018⦈ What I found curious, personally at least, is the fact he used “master” and “slave” as metaphors. That was 3 years ago. Nowadays the very same companies he’s criticising in his talk are trying to dilute or narrow down our vocabulary, making it harder to express or explain the relationship between us and those abusive corporations that work for the government (their master), not for customers/users (slaves). Racism will go away when we get rid of racist companies like the I’s (IBM and Intel, which actively harmed black people, collectively). Those companies are big contributors to racial injustice. Banning or “eradicating” — as they put it — a bunch of supposedly ‘offensive’ words will accomplish almost nothing in practice. █ Photo source and licence: CC_BY-SA_4.0 ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠭⢉⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠸⠐⠊⠻⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡀⠄⠀⠀⠘⠿⢿⢿⡿⠛⠛⢻⡏⠋⣻⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⡀⠀⡀⣴⡘⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢡⣿⣧⣡⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣋⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠘⠈⠈⣻⠙⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢛⡉⠉⣩⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡂⠈⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠆⣄⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡴⡖⠈⡠⠆⠀⠀⣃⡤⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠛⠋⠀⢿⣿⡿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡢⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡀⠀⠀⣤⣿⡟⣿⣷⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡢⢄⠀⠄⠀⡜⠒⢤⡀⢀⠈⠹⣿⣷⡶⢧⠀⣀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⡷⣸⣷⣿⣶⣶⢄⠴⣰⣴⣿⣯⣾⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡶⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠛⠾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠈⠉⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⠻⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⠛⠿⣝⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠙⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠤⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⣾⣿⣿⣯⣽⡳⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 780 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/irc-log-160521/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/irc-log-160521/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Sunday,_May_16,_2021⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:53 am by Needs Sunlight 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 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(full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmNp8i8THooNg544vvqHqqiFh48FABQJZrVCiTLu58BYzD (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmU28gSRQaNv1zfbmoUEtsfheuMLmG5bGHg7m5uFYTb1Up #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmexRuYyd92wb7kvCgwNjVCaomDKzqDRq9DauzaJiKR6Vr (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmXcnXM8Zj4s5QxjD6VU5NMLXSvvM2fu7d1QmVLUzJgjke ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 894 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/on-virtual-courts/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/on-virtual-courts/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Virtual_‘Courts’_Aren’t_Courts_and_Aren’t_Suitable_Substitutes,_Either⠀✐ Posted in Courtroom, Europe, Law, Patents at 4:08 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/virtual-courts.webm Summary: The cheapening of the concept of justice, even as the pandemic that serves to justify that cheapening is gradually being brought under control, is the real issue that should be debated in Haar (or from private homes, probably somewhere around Haar); whether it’s compulsory or not ought to be a side question FOLLOWING last_night's_publication we thought it would be worth doing a quick video, even if just to explain some of the context and interject personal opinions, experiences etc. I’m not opposed to technology; au contraire! But at the same time I strongly reject the idea of ‘virtual’ hearings, for a whole lot of different reasons. In fact, I strongly urge EPO workers to look up the well-known (and widely-publicised) issues associated with the practice, both from a human rights perspective and the principles of due process/access to justice. There’s extensive literature on that subject. Generally speaking, the technology which now facilitates this isn’t new at all; it’s decades-old. The Office has warped the question; instead of debating the legality of the practice they’ve all twisted it into a question like, should you seek the consent of both parties in a dispute when choosing to hold unlawful and unconstitutional ‘hearings’? “Generally speaking, the technology which now facilitates this isn’t new at all; it’s decades-old.”Some time later today we shall publish “The EPO’s War on Justice and Assault on the Law — Part 10: A Faustian Pact?” I drop some hints in the above video; I allude to people who sell out and betray their causes in pursuit of money — quite likely the type of money they don’t truly need and will likely lack time (given their age) to ever enjoy/ spend fully. It is an ego trip. Like heavy metalists on hard drugs, except without the music and the needles. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 958 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/right-to-repair-and-modify/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/right-to-repair-and-modify/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Right_To_Repair:_When_You_Don’t_Own_What_You_Buy_(and_Cannot_Even_Repair_It Legally)⠀✐ Posted in DRM, Videos at 4:54 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/Excerpt-B-What-Is-Right-To-Repair-RTbrXiIzUt4.webm Summary: The second part (see part_one) of preliminary background regarding the Right To Repair; our associate who extracted the videos from YouTube [1, 2] says that both are relevant to “Freedom 0″ (as per the FSF’s definition of Free software) THE ability to repair, maintain and even alter (study and modify) one’s software is a key cornerstone of Free software. It makes software a lot more powerful a lot faster. It takes advantage of a broad collective of users and innovators (or curious users turned innovators). In the realm of hardware, however, we’re seeing many of the same restrictions that are imposed by proprietary software vendors. Even though Tesla uses GNU/ Linux inside cars (let’s face it, most of today’s infotainment systems run some kind of “Linux”) Tesla is aggressively against software freedom. Years ago we wrote about freedom_deficit_in_cars (people losing control over their own cars, even in an age when fewer_people_are_likely_to_drive, so automobile companies must learn to adapt to customers’ needs and demands, not impose restrictions on them). “…people need to become better enlightened or aware of the erosion of rights they’ve long taken for granted.”The video above is the last of today’s batch. We may resume or revisit this topic some time in the near future. For the time being let’s just say that people need to become better enlightened or aware of the erosion of rights they’ve long taken for granted. If people stop fighting for or standing up for basic justice, then injustice will prevail and become the “new normal”… █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1013 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/star-of-haar/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/star-of-haar/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ President_of_the_Boards_of_Appeal,_the_Star_of_the_Haar_Show⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Humour, Patents at 5:31 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇President of the Boards of Appeal Calle Josefsson in Bandcamp⦈ Calle Josefsson in_Bandcamp Summary: It’s best in the metal version; burn in Hell, Lesley_Gore It’s my party I’ll shout if I want to Shout if I want to Pout if I want to “Outsourced when I want that”It’s my country I’ll bow when I want to Break the law when I want to Hide when I want to 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Wedding⦈ It’s my courtroom Outsourced when I want that Spied if it suits me But not when I need my privacy It’s my Office I serve the agenda Illegal agenda Remove these addenda I’m the queen of my courtroom Working from my bathroom Sometimes from my bedroom Always in legal vacuum My enlarged board is grand Controlled by my wand Playing with sand Rejected on remand 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇XV Friends⦈ It’s my party I’ll shout if I want to Shout if I want to Pout if I want to It’s my secret I’ll hide when I need to Lie when I need to Run when I need to You too would quit tweeting if it happened to you… █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣟⣻⡛⡟⣻⢛⠹⣻⣛⠟⡻⣻⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣶⣽⠫⠝⡏⢫⡇⣿⣿⣷⠀⡟⣭⠻⡋⠍⡿⠫⠙⡅⣼⠫⢝⡟⠭⣻⢫⡍⢻⢹⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣶⣤⣴⡦⣾⡟⡾⡿⡞⣿⡟⣿⡿⢿⣶⡤⡄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣻⡿⠟⠓⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠐⠙⠩⠗⣵⢀⡀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠃⠀⢀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠷⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⠟⠋⠁⠀⠠⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠑⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣷⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⠋⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⣷⡀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣨⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢸⡽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡀⠚⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣭⡉⢿⣿⣭⣭⣤⣴⡆⠂⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⡀⣠⠄⠀⣀⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠜⢀⣼⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⣏⡽⠿⡟⢛⣻⠥⠁⠀⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣷⣾⣶⣄⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣰⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠙⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⡼⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣽⣷⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣛⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⢲⣲⣬⠒⡷⢬⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣄⣄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠛⠿⠟⢍⣶⣿⣿⡛⠻⠛⠀⠣⣴⣾⣿⣶⣦⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠸⣷⡥⠀⠀⢻⡿⣽⣿⠸⣷⣍⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣷⣶⣤⣉⠛⠿⢿⣾⣭⡻⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣄⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢠⡄⢸⣷⠀⢤⣚⣚⠛⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢱⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠠⣤⣦⡀⠻⠟⡤⣨⡁⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡻⡄⠀⠈⠉⠛⠳⢌⠟⠫⣛⠛⠛⠉⠸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⡿⣾⣿⠀⠮⠉⠁⠉⠀⢁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣹⠅⠀⠀⠀⠉⢃⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢰⣄⠀⠒⣠⣶⣴⡄⡀⠀⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⢃⢻⣭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢹⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣟⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠁⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠁⠀⠂⢀⠀⠀⣿⣆⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣷⣶⣹ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⣀⡈⠂⠋⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣧⣵⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡙⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣠⣾⣿⡗⠀⠸⣿⣦⡀⠈⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⠘⠃⠆⢀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⣿⡟⡟⠋⣠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣶⣄⢿⣯⣿⣿⣶⣭⣴⣿⣿⣟⢼⣿⣿⠻⠷⠄⠀⠘⠿⣿⣷⣌⠛⠛⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣏⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⢔⣄⢀⠠⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⠧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣋⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣷⣿⣿⣜⣛⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣶⣤⡁⠙⣿⣮⣙⠿⣿⣦⡈⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣑⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⠿⠳⣦⠀⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⢀⣴⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⢀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣷⣄⣈⠉⠉⣀⣢⡀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣈⠛⣛⣀⣬⣽⣿⣬ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣚⠉⢁⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡔⠀⠹⡇⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠺⠿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⡔⠆⠀⠈⠛⠿⠿⠃⠈⠁⢀⣠⣤⣥⣿⣷⣄⠀⡈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⡟⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⡐⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠉⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⠟⢿⣟⠻⣿⡏⠀⠀⢠⣶⣤⣤⣠⣤⣀⣠⣶⠃⣁⠚⠀⠀⡔⣀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣖⣒⡤⠀⠉⠛⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⡄⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⠿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⢧⣿⣵⣿⠀⠁⠻⡆⠈⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣶⣦⣧⠃⢡⣿⢿⢟⢹⠏⣿⣶⣄⠀⢠⣄⠀⡀⠀⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⠋⠻⠈⠣⡀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡧⠠⠜⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⢿⢿⠋⠀⢰⡧⣶⣿⢠⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣸⣿⣇⣻⡆⠃⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣽⢷⣷⡀⠀⢸⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠌⢄⠀⢠⣴⣌⡹⢀⠉⠉⠵⠋⠀⢻⣿⣿⠝⠠⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣰⣿⢆⡀⠀⠀⡄⢹⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠉⠉⠁⣀⣀⣀⡀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣀⣀⠁⠘⢿⣿⣿⣅⣴⣍⠀⣏⢂⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣦⡬⠿⠿⣿⣿⣍⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠄⠀⠒⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠙⠿⠟⠛⠛⠷⠿⠿⠃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣡⣶⡄⡫⣌⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠬⠿⠟⠉⣉⡉⣀⣀⠐⠘⠋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⣴⣢⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣆⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⡼⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⣠⣠⡤⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣯⣙⡻⢿⣷⣵⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣴⣿⣽⠿⣿⣿⡇⣀⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣗⢄⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠙⠿⠷⠈⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣈⣹⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠁⣽⣷⠶⠈⣿⣿⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣷⡜⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣿⡟⠉⠀⣀⣴⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠠⡀⣰⣷⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠿⢃⠂⢠⣄⠀⢄⡀⢿⣿⣆⢀⣻⣟⣥⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠪⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣍⠁⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣬⢾⣿⣷⡀⠈⠀⠈⠻⢿⢾⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣁⠀⢤⣀⣴⣷⣿⣿⣿⡟⠏⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣶⡆⠀⠽⢿⠿⣿⣠⠶⣤⣀⣼⣷⠋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣮⣤⣤⡤⠄ ⢀⣾⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⠂⠀⢀⡐⣀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⢉⣁⣤⣴ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠈⣾⣿⣷⠀⠹⣿⠀⠀⠈⠉⠈⠄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣿⢤⡶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠈⠛⣛⣋⣉⣥⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢀⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⢱⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠹⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1231 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/stealing-from-epo-staff/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/stealing-from-epo-staff/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ EPO_Staff_Representatives_Not_Amused_to_See_an_Office_That_Steals_From_Staff and_Even_From_Pensioners⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 11:29 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Clear and overt abuse of diplomatic immunity 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Negotiator Campinos; After 'social dialogue'⦈ Summary: The heist continues; the EPO isn’t just a milking_cow_of_Germany but also of EPO officials who keep the ‘lid’ or the ‘cover’ on this whole financial instrument, which would enrage member states if they truly understood what’s going on EARLIER today the Central Staff Committee (CSC) of the EPO circulated a letter to colleagues. In it, the CSC basically shared the raw numbers, annotated to explain to staff what was really going on at their employer, which was hoarding loads of money (possibly by granting hundreds of thousands of invalid patents) and then denying access to that money, instead passing it to dodgy accounts where it can be gambled away for somebody’s personal benefit. This is corruption. We’ve covered it before and noted that as per the EPC the EPO isn’t supposed to harvest stakeholders’ funds like that, let alone divert the money to gambling while punishing staff, even former staff. “This is corruption.”“The actual budget surplus for 2020 came to €348.9m,” the CSC said. “The original budget of Chapter 30 – Staff was underspent by €83.2m (5.1%). One main driver: whereas the budget anticipated a 2.5% salary adjustment as of 1 July 2020, the new method resulted in 0.5% salary adjustment effective on 1 January 2021.” Here is the entire one-page publication as simple HTML: Zentraler Personalausschuss Central Staff Committee Le Comité Central du Personnel Munich 17.05.2021 sc21058cp – 0.2.1/1.3.2 § 2020, a year of historic savings on the backs of staff⠀➾ Dear colleagues, The budget implementation statement for the 2020 accounting period was recently published in CA/10/21. The impact of the pandemic and how positively it has influenced the budget of the Office is laid clear for all to see. The data provided speaks for itself, as you will see from the excerpts below; “The actual budget surplus came to €348.9m, 4.2% below 2019, but significantly above the budget figure of €242.2m.” (page 27) “The original budget of Chapter 30 – Staff was underspent by €83.2m (5.1%), mainly due to the deviation in the number of paid employee-years (PEYs) between budget and actual figures [...] A new salary adjustment method was introduced in 2020. Whereas the budget anticipated a 2.5% salary adjustment as of 1 July 2020, the new method resulted in 0.5% salary adjustment effective 1 January 2021. [...] These were the two main drivers behind the underspend.” (page 36) “Remuneration of other employees covers mainly interpreter costs related to diverse oral proceedings, mainly opposition and appeal. Given the difficulties related to holding oral proceedings during the coronavirus pandemic, there was an underspend against this article of €5.1m (64.6%).” (page 37) “staff welfare which recorded an underspend of €3.4m (58.4%) owing to a significant reduction in canteen subsidies paid in the year due to the sharp increase in home working in response to the coronavirus pandemic. (page 37) We highlight that only €4.8m1 was needed for Mr Campinos to extend the benefits of the current Education and Childcare allowances to all staff without affecting negatively anyone. This represents a meagre_1.4%_of_the_€348.9m budget_surplus for 2020 and only_5.7%_of_the_-€83.2m_savings made on the backs of staff during the Covid-19 pandemic and after the disastrous salary adjustment procedure. In view of the -58% reduction on “staff welfare”, specifically due to the reduction in canteen subsidies, we wonder why it was not decided to use this surplus to keep our caterers afloat across all sites. So much for thanking you for your efforts during the pandemic. Your Central Staff Committee ___ 1 CA/7/21 (page 17/31): the yearly overall budget for the Education and Childcare allowance is decreased by – €3.7m from €76.6m to €72.9m. The transitional measures are foreseen to cost €62m over 15 years and they will cost €8.5m for the first year. Mr Campinos only needed €4.8m to make the reform to the benefit of all. “We highlight that only €4.8m was needed for Mr Campinos to extend the benefits of the current Education and Childcare allowances to all staff without affecting negatively anyone,” the CSC told staff. “This represents a meagre 1.4% of the €348.9m budget surplus and only 5.7% of the -€83.2m savings made on the backs of staff. So much for thanking you for your efforts during the pandemic.” Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos are basically looting the Office and killing it in the process, granting loads of fake patents like European software_patents that stand no chance in court (and no, the UPC isn’t happening!), which means that those who will lose billions of euros are those misled into pursuing such European Patents in the first place. A similar thing happened at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Ask all those people who got software patents before Alice/35 U.S.C. § 101. To put it crudely, it’s a fake economy. The EPO ‘generates’ money by giving false hopes to people, raising lots of funds from people who wrongly perceive European Patents to be worth the paper they’re on. Only the lawyers will benefit, mostly those who are based around Germany/Munich, stimulating only their own profession and that local economy while lining the pockets of kangaroo courts and corrupt Office officials. More on that shortly (“Part 10: A Faustian Pact?”). █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡄⢔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⡶⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠙⣩⣝⢋⣭⡹⣿⣿⠋⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠿⡃⣼⣿⡇⡿⠋⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⣶⡍⣶⢱⡶⠎⣵⡶⣮⢫⣶⢶⡍⢶⣶⠆⣶⡎⣶⣶⡉⢶⣶⠎⣵⡶⣮⢱⣶⣶⡽⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⠽⠫⠼⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⢸⡷⠆⣿⡧⣭⢸⣿⢸⡇⣹⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⣸⡇⢻⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⡵⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⠿⡸⠿⡸⠷⢆⡻⠷⠿⣘⠿⠾⣣⡿⠿⣀⠿⠷⠿⡹⠧⡸⠿⣠⡻⠷⢟⡸⠿⠿⢇⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢴⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣯⣟⠟⣿⣿⠛⣿⡟⣻⣿⢻⣿⣛⢻⣿⢻⣟⢻⡟⣻⣭⡛⢟⣯⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠂⠵⠘⠘⠈⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⠀⣿⣿⡄⣿⣷⡿⣿⢸⣿⣽⢿⣿⢸⣿⣼⡇⣿⢸⣿⠸⣧⣍⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣆⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⡆⡎⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣇⣿⢸⣿⢾⡇⣿⢸⡇⣿⢸⣿⣶⣾⣿⢸⡏⣿⡇⣿⣸⡿⢰⣆⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠐⡀⡀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠠⠄⢄⣤⣄⢀⡀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⡿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⡴⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢁⣀⣀⣀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣄⣀⣤⣴⣤⣄⣀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⡀⠀⣀⣬⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠙⢿⡽⠻⢿⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠉⠛⠋⠓⠈⠙⠊⠋⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⠶⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⢓⣂⢸⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⢠⣾⣿⣶⣶⠿⠿⠿⢟⣋⢼⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⡀⣤⣤⣤⣤⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠦⠶⣢⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠻⡿⢸⡿⣿⡿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣹⣷⣶⣦⣛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣡⣙⠿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣴⣶⡎⢰⡶⢖⢶⣶⠶⣶⡶⡆⣶⡶⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠷⠖⠚⢿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⣱⣿⣤⡤⠤⣭⣍⠉⠉⡠⢲⡇⠙⢝⢿⣿⣿⡗⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡿⠋⠛⣇⠹⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣸⣇⢸⡷⣆⢸⣿⠀⣿⡷⡆⣿⡿⣯⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⣄⣂⣿⣿⢀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣦⡹⣿⣷⡦⢈⣳⢤⣤⣭⣛⠿⠹⠿⢿⣿⠟⣵⣧⡀⠀⣸⠗⣸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡳⠿⡹⠿⠸⠇⣿⡸⠿⣠⠿⠷⠆⠿⠇⠿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠄⣠⣾⣿⣯⡻⠏⣾⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣿⠛⠳⢶⣾⣿⣽⣣⣾⣿⣯⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣾⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢛⣯⣟⡻⢛⣯⣟⠿⣻⣽⡛⢻⣿⠟⣿⣿⠟⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⡤⠤⠶⣮⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣣⣾⣿⣧⡨⢋⣴⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣫⣝⡸⣷⣝⠃⣿⡇⣿⢰⣿⠸⠿⢸⣿⢰⡟⣿⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠭⠀⢽⣿⡿⠟⠋⢡⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠦⡤⣄⣾⣿⣶⣬⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡇⡟⠉⠙⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⣎⣻⡇⣿⣇⣿⠘⣿⣰⣶⢸⣿⢸⡷⣿⡇⣿⣘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⢈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠄⠌⠡⢀⠘⢛⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣴⣿⢏⣴⣿⣄⣠⠃⡮⣻⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣭⣶⣮⣭⣵⡷⢭⣭⣵⠮⣭⣭⣵⣭⣥⣭⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠒⠂⠉⢭⣿⢸⠛⠛⢿⡏⠾⣷⣭⡟⠛⠻⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣦⢸⣿⢱⣿⣷⠁⣿⢸⢱⡟⣿⡎⣶⡟⣷⠁⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢛⢻⢸⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠙⠁⠀⠀⠈⠑⠛⠀⠀⠺⢠⣬⡍⠙⠛⠻⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣇⣿⡀⣿⢸⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⡷⣶⠀⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠠⣴⠘⠘⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠾⢟⡸⠿⠿⢏⠿⠇⠿⠶⣘⠷⠿⣣⡻⠷⠻⣀⡻⠾⢟⡸⠿⠶⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣒⣈⡙⡛⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠁⢠⣠⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢲⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠠⠀⣾⡿⠋⠀⠐⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⢴⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1417 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/virtual-jail/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/virtual-jail/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ [Meme]_Virtual_Prisons_for_Virtual_Hearings_(Haarings)⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Humour, Patents at 5:47 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Found guilty… before the hearings even started 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_hereby_found_you_guilty_and_sentence_you_to_10_years_in virtual_prison_behind_metal_bars;_In_what?!⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇5_more_years..._in_virtual_prison⦈_ Summary: Today’s EPO has a truly twisted notion of the “rule of law” ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⡃⡇⢸⣿⣿⢽⣿⢸⢽⣿⡾⡾⣼⡯⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡧⡥⡼⡽⡽⣿⣽⢼⣯⣭⢵⢷⢿⡧⡽⡥⢽⡭⡭⢭⣭⣾⢿⢬⢯⡽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⢹⠙⡟⣦⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⢘⣯⢸⢽⣿⣿⡏⣿⢸⣾⣿⣛⣿⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣟⣊⡭⣏⣷⣷⢿⢾⢷⡷⢿⢿⣭⣮⣯⣝⡪⣉⣮⣭⣭⣿⢵⣭⣭⣍⡮⣑⣩⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠈⠙⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸ ⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣇⢸⢸⣿⢸⣽⣿⣿⡞⡟⣿⣺⣿⣿⣯⣿⡅⣻⣿⣿⢸⣿⢻⣿⣿⢸⢸⣿⣾⣷⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿ ⣿⢇⣈⣀⣈⣐⣋⣚⣊⣂⣉⠚⣛⣺⣻⣟⡗⡟⣟⣞⣛⡷⣟⣛⢚⣚⣛⣓⡛⣚⡞⣛⡚⣒⢛⣚⣚⣛⣺⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿ ⡿⢸⡟⣿⣿⣿⣝⡾⣿⢿⢿⠀⣿⣿⣗⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⡂⣿⣼⣷⣯⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣽⡆⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠖⠀⠀⢀⠀⣶⣿⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⠀⠐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠰⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢀⣀⣰⠿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣅⣺⡿⢃⣀⡠⢿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡟⠁⡘⠙⠁⠀⠉⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠙⠟⠙⠋⠀⠀⢉⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢧⣾⣿ ⣿⡿⠊⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠖⢶⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿ ⣈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣷⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿ ⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣈⣓⣀⣄⣀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢟⣻⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣁⣀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⢀⣿⣿⣿⣮⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿ ⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣭⣽⢛⣛⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠛⠒⠒⠶⠦⠤⣤⣄⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⢧⣿⡇⣿⣿⣸⡿⣼⢹⣶⢪⣿⡍⣻⣟⣛⣻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠒⠒⠲⠤⠤⠬⣿⣿⢸⣿⢡⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣼⣿⣧⣿⡏⣿⡏⣿⡿⢠⣷⣶⡎⣭⣭⣿⣛⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠸⠿⢸⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⢿⣿⡇⣾⡟⣿⣷⣎⣿⡏⡧⢿⣏⣿⡎⣷⡖⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡈⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠚⠷⣶⣿⣿⣭⣽⣧⣛⡿⣇⢼⣿⢸⣿⢹⣿⢷⣿⠻⢸⣿⢻⢱⣶⣼⣿⢣⣿⢣⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠷⠄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣾⣭⣭⣼⣛⣀⠻⠿⡈⣾⡏⣨⡵⣸⣛⠠⢄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠉⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠁⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠒⠒⠒⠤⠤⠤⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠳⠶ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠏⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣾⠟⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠤⠀⢉⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠉⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠟⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠴⢷⠃⠀⠀⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠁⠀⠘⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣴⣌⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸ ⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⠻⣧⣀⣀⣀⣠⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢥⡾⠟⠻⣿⣿⢉⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⣿⣿⣿⣦⡙⣿⣿⣿⣷⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣵⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣼⣿ ⠀⢸⡍⡏⡇⣿⡇⠘⢯⣹⣿⣷⣿⡇⣷⡇⣏⡃⡇⣿⣿⣿⣛⠀⡿⡇⠸⣽⢸⣾⣾⢸⢸⣿⣿⣟⣃⣻⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡛⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿ ⠀⠘⠀⠓⠃⠛⠃⠈⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠃⠋⠃⠓⠃⠃⠋⠛⠛⠛⠐⠋⠃⠘⠚⠘⠃⠛⠘⠘⠘⠋⠛⠓⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢦⣝⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣱⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣩⣴⣿⡗⢸⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢟⣫⣵⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠩⣙⡻⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠡⠿⠿⠟⣭⣶⣄⡒⠦⡐⠶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⣠⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣷⡆⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢣⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣦⣤⣬⣭ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣛⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣹⣯⡀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣉⡡⣿⡇⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⢰⣿⢹⣿⡀⣿⡟⣿⡆⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢹⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⣿⣿⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣛⢹⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠇⣿⡟⣿⡅⣿⡿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠘⠀⠀⠙⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⡇⣹⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⣿⣼⡿⣼⡇⣿⡏⣿⢸⣿⠘⢿⣼⡿⡀⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣷⣾⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⡈⣜⡛⢛⣡⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠷⠶⠿⠿⠿⢷⠿⠿⠿⣾⡿⠷⠶⣾⡿⣶⡿⢷⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣦⣿⢁⣿⡟⣣⣸⣿⣿⠀⣿⡟⣿⡇⣾⡟⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⠙⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⣿⣏⣾⣿⡿⠇⣿⡇⣿⡆⣿⡟⣿⡅⠝⠻⣷⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣛⣛⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣦⣒⣂⣀⣻⣿⣎⢻⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣿⡟⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢻⣧⣿⡟⣿⣽⡏⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢿⣿⣿⣧⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢩⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣾⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣌⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣭⣿⣤⣿⣯⣉⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣼⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⣦⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢏⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣴⣬⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⡇⣿⡏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1551 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/05/17/what-is-right-to-repair/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/05/17/what-is-right-to-repair/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Right_To_Repair:_What_It’s_About_and_How_That_Relates_to_Software⠀✐ Posted in DRM, Videos at 4:34 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link http://techrights.org/videos/Excerpt-A-What-Is-Right-To-Repair-RTbrXiIzUt4.webm Summary: A short (less than one minute) video that offers some background or sheds light on the intersection between Software Freedom and the Right To Repair ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1579 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_17/5/2021:_NetBSD_9.2_and_Early_Look_at_Bodhi_Linux_6.0.0⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:20 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ Run_Linux_on_Refurbished_Mini_PCs_–_RAM_–_Part_5⠀⇛ If you need a fast computer but don’t have much to spend, consider picking up an off-lease refurbished system. These PCs are a few years old and have seen some use, but they are often heavily discounted and offer a lot of bang for your buck. In this article we offer our recommendations about the type of RAM, the amount of RAM, and other factors to consider when buying a refurbished mini PC for running Linux as a desktop computer. o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Dear_Google,_When_is_the_Linux_Support_for_Google_Drive Arriving?⠀⇛ Google Drive is a popular cloud storage solution that offers convenient features and often a reliable choice for many consumers out there. It is also the default choice for many Android smartphone users to store their photos or phone backups. Not to forget, WhatsApp (the most popular instant messenger) also lets you back up your chats and media to Google Drive. Google Drive also offers competitive regional pricing, which makes it easy for users in developing countries to use cloud storage. I think it is safe to say that it is the best choice for many users across multiple platforms. It is available for Windows, Mac, Android, and iOS. # ⚓ System76_Launches_New_Mechanical_Keyboard⠀⇛ Designed to “place control back into your hands,” the Launch keyboard lets you remap keys, swap out keycaps, and configure multiple layers to suit your needs. You can select from “jade” switches for a definitive key click or “royal” switches for a muted clack and cycle through a range of LED patterns and colors. o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ The_First_Release_Candidate_of_Rocky_Linux_is_Here_—_And We’re_Excited [Ed: "SPONSORED CONTENT BY SILICON MECHANICS" or paid-for ads disguised as articles]⠀⇛ Back in December of 2020 Red Hat announced it will no longer be supporting CentOS 8 as of January 1st, 2022 . This was a big deal for HPC practitioners and the larger computing community. But Red Hat had a plan. Red Hat announced CentOS Stream, which they are calling “the upstream brand of Red Hat Enterprise Linux.” This version of CentOS does not operate on a traditional release schedule but in a rolling- release style, which limits its practical applications. Further, it has shifted from a downstream, bug-for-bug compatible version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) to an upstream, experimental distro. This means it is less a free version of RHEL and more of a beta version of future RHEL releases. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Whats_Going_On_With_Lenovo_and_Linux?⠀⇛ Last year Lenovo thrilled Linux fans with a TON of hardware announcements, and a promise to treat Linux as a first-class citizen. Well, I have a gripe. But I also have an update DIRECTLY from Lenovo’s Mark Pearson. # ⚓ LHS_Episode_#412:_WFView_Deep_Dive⠀⇛ Hello and welcome to the 412th episode of Linux in the Ham Shack. In this episode, we have a fantastic interview with Elliott, Phil and Roeland, developers of the WFView project. WFView is an open source rig management application which implements rig control, network access, audio transport, full display view and more. It’s open source and cross platform and available for download today. We hope you check out the project and enjoy the podcast. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Kernel_prepatch_5.13-rc2⠀⇛ The 5.13-rc2 kernel prepatch is out for testing. “The fixes here are all over the place – drivers, arch updates, documentation, tooling.. Nothing particularly stands out”. # ⚓ The_Growing_Number_Of_AI_Accelerator_Drivers_Reignites Linux_Kernel_Driver_Debate⠀⇛ While we are sure to see only more AI accelerator drivers introduced to the Linux kernel over the coming years, the open-source driver situation for the Linux kernel is increasingly becoming a fragmented mess already and disagreements among kernel developers continue to be reignited over the mainlining process and the handling of these drivers. The latest example is over the ongoing effort for Intel working on their Gaussian and Neural Accelerator “GNA” Linux driver for the mainline kernel for this feature already found in current mobile SoCs. Intel’s GNA Linux driver is one of several AI-related accelerator drivers currently being worked on by the company for Linux — Intel is still working on their Nervana NNPI Linux driver and there is also all of the Habana Labs AI training/inference accelerator code in the kernel with Intel having acquired that firm. Even among all of Intel’s different AI kernel drivers for Linux, there isn’t a uniform API or any concerted effort around supporting all of them at a low-level but have their different kernel driver components. Granted, up the stack they are pushing oneAPI and software efforts like oneDNN for application programmers, but at the kernel level there is fragmentation among their multiple kernel drivers in this area, not to mention vastly different interfaces for drivers from other hardware vendors. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Cockpit:_A_Beginner_Friendly_Web_Based_Linux_Server Manager⠀⇛ Cockpit lets you manage a remote Linux system through a browser window. An administrator can take a look at the systemd journal, check the load, and start and stop services. Cockpit is a Red Hat sponsored free and open source web-based system management application. It uses a secure shell (SSH) client to access remote servers. Thanks to responsive design, the user interface automatically adapts to different screen sizes which, in turn, facilitates easy access via smartphones. While many Linux sysadmins spend most of their time on the command line, access to a remote system using a tool like a secure shel (SSH) doesn’t always provide the most useful command output. Linux Cockpit provides graphs and easy-to-use forms for viewing performance measures and making changes to your systems. # ⚓ Most:_The_Linux_Pager_You_Never_Knew_You_Needed⠀⇛ The best part about Linux is that you don’t have to take your environment the way it comes. Because it’s modular, you can swap out components as you like them. One utility that you might not think about is the pager. This is the program that comes up when you run the man command on Linux. On most systems, it’s called less by default. However, there are other pagers you can use, and one of them is most. # ⚓ The_Best_Note_Taking_Apps_for_Students_to_Install_on Linux⠀⇛ Everyone is taking notes. Students take notes when they attend classes, when they study, research, and so on. Taking notes is important because it helps you note down the most important and relevant information that will be of huge help later. This is valid especially in the case of students who need to attend many classes and have lots of assignments to write. [...] Joplin is one of the best apps out there that allows students to take notes. Taking notes is essential, so you need an app that has no bugs and has the features you need. Joplin seems to be the best alternative to Evernote, one of the best note- taking apps out there. This app can easily be installed on Linux, so it seems to meet the requirements. Joplin has many features you can use and adapt to your tasks. You can have to-do lists, you can take notes on plain paper, or use the markdown editor. All your notes can be synced with Google Drive or Dropbox so that you always have access to them. # ⚓ Passbolt:_Free_open-source_password_manager_for_teams_and DevOps⠀⇛ Developer teams often require sharing passwords, login keys and credentials among team members. As the project progresses, it is difficult to keep track of these important data. A collaborative solution is required, to save a huge deal of time and effort managing these keys and passwords. So, here comes a Passbolt. Passbolt is a free open-source and self-hosted solution for developers to manage their shared login data, passwords, keys and more. It is based on OpenPGP and design specifically for teams (Developers and DevOps). Passbolt has an extensive JSON API and follows open security standards as it uses GnuPG for server-side verification and user authentication. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Integrate_AppImages_To_Application_Menu_Using AppImageLauncher_–_OSTechNix⠀⇛ This guide explains what is AppImageLauncher and how to integrate AppImages to application menu using AppImageLauncher utility in Linux. # ⚓ How_To_Install_WebERP_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install WebERP on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, WebERP is a free, open-source, and complete web-based accounting and business management system. With webERP, you can manage many things including, purchase orders, web store, manufacturing, sales, general ledger, and shipping. It is written in PHP and uses MariaDB as a database backend. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of WebERP on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint. # ⚓ [Older]_Gathering_and_aggregating_system_information_in Linux_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ In this article, we are going to discuss the dmidecode Linux tool, which will gather information about the system such as CPU information, server, memory, and networking. # ⚓ How_To_Install_KVM_on_Manjaro_21_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install KVM on Manjaro 21. For those of you who didn’t know, KVM stands for Kernel-based Virtual Machine which allows us to run multiple guests operating systems on a single host. KVM is an Open-source technology that lets us turn our Linux machine into a Hypervisor. This allows us to run multiple Virtual Machines (VMs). The KVM converts Linux into a (bare-metal) hypervisor. Implementations of KVM are supported on the x86 platforms (32-bit and 64- bit) that support virtualization CPU extensions (such as those provided in Intel VT and AMD- V lines). The only exceptions are the Atom processor from Intel. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the KVM on a Manjaro 21 (Ornara). # ⚓ Get_Terminal_Integrated_into_File_Manager_in_Ubuntu_20.04_/ Ubuntu_21.04_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ Want to embed a terminal in the Files, Nautilus file manager, in Ubuntu? Nautilus Terminal is the project to do the job. Nautilus Terminal is an open-source project started in 2010. It’s now at version 4.x that supports up to Nautilus 40. With it, you have an integrated terminal in each file window and tab. The terminal follows the navigation, without running cd command, the terminal automatically go to the directory when you navigate to a folder in file manager. # ⚓ [Older]_Compressing_and_archiving_files_in_Linux_Operating System_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ There is a difference between a compressed and an archive file. So, what is an archive file? It is a collection of files and directories that are stored in a single file. An archive file is not a compressed file. What is a compressed file? This is a collection of files and directories stored in one file. It uses less disk space for storage. # ⚓ How_and_why_I_compile_the_QMK_keyboard_firmware_in_Alpine Linux_|_Hund⠀⇛ I haven’t touched the firmware on my keyboard for a couple of years now, but the other day I decided it was time to make a few minor tweaks to it. Compiling the QMK firmware in Gentoo means that I have to setup a development toolchain for the Atmel AVR microprocessor, which is what my keyboard uses. While it’s not rocket science to cross compile things in Gentoo, we can’t ignore the fact that I’m lazy.. So. I found it a lot easier and quicker to just set it up on my secondary computer with Alpine Linux instead. All I had to do was to install the packages avr-gcc and avr-libc, I could then simply compile the source code. Flashing the firmware is still done on Gentoo with the tool dfu-programmer, simply because that’s the machine my keyboard is connected to. # ⚓ How_to_Create_a_File_in_Linux_Using_Terminal⠀⇛ As we all know, Linux is an operating system mainly used by geeks and developers, who are mostly keyboard people and like to write commands instead of using a graphical user interface (GUI). Unlike the Windows operating system, where most of the work is done with a few clicks, Linux has commands for everything, such as basic file manipulation, compression or extraction of files, etc. These commands run on the Linux command line known as the terminal or shell. The terminal or shell is a utility in Linux that is responsible for running the commands. Today, I will introduce various methods that you can use to create a file in Linux using the terminal. # ⚓ How_to_setup_FTP/SFTP_server_and_client_on_AlmaLinux⠀⇛ FTP and SFTP are great protocols for downloading files from a remote or local server, or uploading files onto the server. FTP will suffice for some situations, but for connections over the internet, SFTP is recommended. In other words, FTP is not secure to use over an internet connection, since your credentials and data are transmitted without encryption. The ‘S’ in SFTP stands for ‘Secure’ and tunnels the FTP protocol through SSH, providing the encryption needed to establish a secure connection. # ⚓ How_to_upgrade_to_Fedora_34⠀⇛ Fedora 34 is here! With it comes a brand new desktop environment: Gnome 40! If you’ve been patiently waiting to try out this new release, this article is for you! Follow along as we go over how to upgrade to Fedora 34! If you do not have Fedora 33 installed and can’t upgrade straight to 34, or if you use a different distribution and want to check it out, you’ll want to download Fedora 34. To get your hands on Fedora 34 to try it fresh, start by heading over to the Fedora official website. Once on the website, locate “Fedora Workstation” and click on the “Download Now” button. By clicking on “Download Now” with the mouse, you’ll be taken to the download page. From here, locate the “On Linux or just want an ISO file?” option. Then, select the “Download” button next to “Fedora 34: x86_64 DVD ISO” to grab the latest Fedora. Or, download Fedora Media Writer if you’re on Windows or Mac OS. # ⚓ Install_WPScan_WordPress_Security_Scanner_on_Ubuntu_20.04 LTS⠀⇛ Commands to install WPscan WordPress security scanner on Ubuntu 20.04 or 18.04 Linux distos to find plugin or themes vulnerabilities issues. # ⚓ Setup_syslog_server_on_Ubuntu_or_CentOS_for_Centralized Logs_management_–_LinuxTechLab⠀⇛ Checking logs is an important activity to see what’s happening on your Linux servers, especially when you are trying to locate an issue. It easy when you are just managing 2, 3 servers but what to do when you are handling 50 or 100 servers? That’s when Centralized log management comes into the picture. We can sync all the Linux server logs (auth logs, cron logs, syslogs, etc) to a single Linux server so that we have access to logs of all the servers, whether 1 or 100, on a single server & when we are required to check logs, we will just login to a single server & will have access to logs from all servers. This is also useful when you don’t plan to give access to servers to all the individuals but we can just give access to a centralized logs server & they can see logs from that single machine only. # ⚓ Show_current_network_interface_in_use⠀⇛ # ⚓ [Older]_Write_a_bash_script_accessing_SQL_databases remotely_or_locally_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ In this article, we are going to learn how to automate SQL queries by connecting to a server using a shell script. Bash scripting is used for automating things. # ⚓ [Older]_Write_a_bash_script_to_monitoring_directories_and files⠀⇛ inotify is a tool in Linux which is used to report when a file system event occurs. Using inotify, you can monitor individual files or directories. # ⚓ Complete_Beginner’s_Guide_to_LVM_in_Linux_[With_Hands-on]⠀⇛ This is a complete beginner’s guide to LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Linux. In this tutorial, you’ll learn the concept of LVM, its components and why you should be using it. I won’t be limited to just the theoretical explanation. I’ll also show hands-on examples for creating and managing LVMs in Linux. In short, I’m going to give you all the necessary information that you’d need to start working with LVM in the real world. # ⚓ Install_Nginx_with_PHP_and_MySQL_(LEMP)_plus_SSL_on_Debian 10⠀⇛ LEMP is an acronym that stands for the following software stack: Linux kernel, Nginx web server, MariaDB database (or MySQL), and the PHP server- side programming language. This software is widely used on servers on the Internet today to provide dynamic websites or interactive web applications. Nginx is a modern and resource-efficient web server that is actively developed and is the second most used web server on the Internet after the Apache HTTP server. It is particularly fast because it uses an asynchronous, event-driven approach to processing requests. This tutorial shows you how to install and configure the LEMP stack (Nginx with MariaDB and PHP 7) on the latest version of Debian 10. # ⚓ Network_address_translation_part_4_–_Conntrack troubleshooting⠀⇛ This is the fourth post in a series about network address translation (NAT). The first article introduced how to use the iptables/nftables packet tracing feature to find the source of NAT-related connectivity problems. The second article introduced the “conntrack” command. The third article gave an introduction to the “conntrack” event framework. This article shows how to expose more information about what is happening inside conntrack. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Rootkit_Hunter_on_Linux_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Rootkit Hunter on Linux. For those of you who didn’t know, Rootkit Hunter (rkhunter) is a Unix- based tool that scans for rootkits, backdoors, and possible local exploits. Rootkits are self-hiding toolkits secretly installed by a malicious intruder to allow that user to gain access to the server. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the Rootkit Hunter on a Linux operating system. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Ventoy_on_Ubuntu⠀⇛ Learn how to download and install Ventoy on Ubuntu from GUI. Ventoy is an open-source tool to create a bootable USB drive. # ⚓ How_to_Use_Handlers_in_Ansible_Playbook⠀⇛ In Ansible, a handler is just like any other task but only runs when called or notified. It takes action when a change has been made on the managed host. Handlers are used in initiating a secondary change such as starting or restarting a service after installation or even reloading a service after some modifications have been made in the configuration files. In this guide, we will shed more light on Ansible handlers. We will learn how to use handlers in ansible playbook. # ⚓ How_to_find_Intel_NUC_BIOS_version_and_model_on_Linux_– nixCraft⠀⇛ I installed Linux on Intel NUC. I need to find Intel NUC BIOS version. How do I find out BIOS version, date, and model name of my Intel NUC using Linux command-line options? Introduction – Intel NUC is an acronym for Next Unit of Computing. It is a small factor computer that runs on Linux, *BSD, MS-Windows and any other X86 operating systems. The latest NUC uses eight generations Intel CPUs. One can find out Intel NUC BIOS version using the dmidecode command. You must log in as the root user to run dmidecode command. # ⚓ How_to_install_and_use_FFmpeg_on_Ubuntu_21.04_Linux Operating_System_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ The FFmpeg is the most potent and useful command- line tool on Linux system for multimedia files transcoding. You can use FFmpeg to convert multimedia files between various video and audio formats and resize videos. It has multiple audio and video libraries such as libavcode, libavformat, and libavutil. In this tutorial, you will learn how to install FFmpeg into Ubuntu 21.04 Linux operating system. Here we will also show you how to install FFmpeg stable and latest version into various Ubuntu distro. The same instruction you can use any other Ubuntu- based Linux distribution Operating Systems. # ⚓ How_to_recursively_find_and_list_the_files_by_date_in_Linux |_FOSS_Linux⠀⇛ We shall discuss methods of recursively printing files and directories on your current working directory with the additional knowledge of knowing when they were last modified based on their associated timestamps. # ⚓ [Older]_Ubuntu_basic_security_practices⠀⇛ In this article, we will look at some best practices to secure Ubuntu systems. Linux is considered to be a well secured operating system. It is quite easy to maintain the security and protect our systems from unauthorized access by following a few simple norms or rules. # ⚓ [Older]_Securing_a_network_with_uncomplicated_firewall_in Ubuntu_System_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ It is said that the best way to improve server security is to reduce the attack surface. Network communication in any system happens with the help of logical network ports, be it TCP ports or UDP ports. One part of the attack surface is the number of open ports that are waiting for connection to be established. It is always a good idea to block all unrequired ports. Any traffic coming to these ports can be filtered, that is, allowed or blocked with the help of a filtering system. The Linux kernel provides a built-in packet filtering mechanism called netfilter, which is used to filter the traffic coming in or going out of the system. All modern Linux firewall systems use netfilter under the hood. Iptables is a well-known and popular user interface to set up and manage filtering rules for netfilter. It is a complete firewall solution that is highly configurable and highly flexible. However, iptables need effort on the user’s part to master the firewall setup. Various frontend tools have been developed to simplify the configuration of iptables. UFW is among the most popular frontend solutions to manage iptables. # ⚓ [Older]_Securing_Ubuntu_System_against_brute_force attacks⠀⇛ So you have installed minimal setup of Ubuntu, you have setup SSH with public key authentication and disabled password authentication, and you have also allowed only single non-root user to access the server. You also configured a firewall, spending an entire night understanding the rules, and blocked everything except a few required ports. Now does this mean that your server is secured and you are free to take a nice sound sleep? Nope. Servers are exposed to the public network, and the SSH daemon itself, which is probably the only service open, and can be vulnerable to attacks. If you monitor the application logs and access logs, you can find repeated systematic login attempts that represent brute force attacks. # ⚓ [Older]_Configure_Ubuntu_system_to_connect_network_with static_IP_–_Linux_Concept⠀⇛ When you install Ubuntu server, its network setting defaults to dynamic IP addressing, that is, the network management daemon in Ubuntu searches for a DHCP server on the connected network and configures the network with the IP address assigned by DHCP. Even when you start an instance in the cloud, the network is configured with dynamic addressing using the DHCP server setup by the cloud service provider. In this chapter, you will learn how to configure the network interface with static IP assignment. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Paws_and_Claws_DLC_for_Children_of_Morta_raises_over $130,000_for_charity⠀⇛ Paws and Claws, a pretty wholesome DLC for the fantastic and stylish Children of Morta has managed to raise a rather nice lump sum for charity. “We have a piece of truly wonderful and heartwarming news for you today! The Paws and Claws charity DLC has proven to be a huge success and ever since its launch, we’ve been able to raise MORE than $130K for animals worldwide!” – Dead Mage & 11 bit studios # ⚓ Top-down_tactical_shooter_RUNNING_WITH_RIFLES_had_a_massive surge_in_players_recently_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ After being available in some form since 2012, RUNNING WITH RIFLES (RWR) seems to be finally hitting it big with a sudden surge of thousands flocking to the top-down tactical shooter. For Osumia Games, this has been a long-deserved moment in the spotlight. They’ve supported Linux with RWR since 2012 during the early Beta builds and it’s a huge amount of fun to run around in. It’s currently 80% off on Steam, which has probably helped the surge of players, however it’s done the same discount multiple times in the past which did not cause much of a surge until now. # ⚓ Stadia_confirms_Super_Animal_Royale_and_Shantae_and_the Pirate’s_Curse_plus_more_coming_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Stadia has confirmed another few new announcements for their Linux-powered game streaming service that will be coming soon. Some out now, some have no release date yet.has confirmed another few new announcements for their Linux-powered game streaming service that will be coming soon, although neither has an actual release date. Two recently we missed were Street Power Football and Hundred Days, both of which are out now and available on the Stadia store. As for other titles coming up? Just this week they announced Super Animal Royale and Shantae and the Pirate’s Curse will be coming over to Stadia. Super Animal Royale will be “Coming Soon” with no clearer date. It’s going to be free to play too, so it gives people yet another chance to try out something on Stadia with no commitment to anything. # ⚓ Terraria_has_officially_turned_10_years_old_with_a_small celebration_update_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Terraria, the 2D pixel-art sandbox survival adventure has now officially turned 10 years old and it’s going as strong as ever. Seriously impressive from developer Re-Logic! I remember seeing it on PC for the first time almost 10 years ago while a friend was playing it, thinking it looked interesting and never thought it would go on to be as popular as it is. Frankly, I sort-of dismissed it entirely back then and went back to Minecraft. I was seriously wrong about it because it’s an incredible game that deserves to be played. # ⚓ Dream_Harvest_announce_the_gorgeous_looking_NeuroNet: Mendax_Proxy_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ NeuroNet: Mendax Proxy is the upcoming title from Dream Harvest, an upcoming choose your own adventure styled cyberpunk visual novel and it looks brilliant. While Dream Harvest are also working on the strategy game NeuroSlicers (which will also come to Linux), NeuroNet: Mendax Proxy will be coming out first but they’re not giving a date just yet. NeuroNet: Mendax Proxy is also confirmed to be launching with support for Linux. “You are an artificial intelligence charged with managing a city-wide augmented reality network known as the “NeuroNet”. Embark on a journey of self-discovery as you learn what it means to be human in a world losing itself to technology.” o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ psifidotos:_Latte_bug_fix_release_v0.9.12⠀⇛ Hello everyone, as it appears the Latte Dock issue with Plasma 5.22 was solved by openSUSE. Everyone should thank Fabian Vogt for providing the relevant patch and give a few more months life for v0.9.x branch. # ⚓ Moving_on⠀⇛ I joined Bluesystems GmbH in August 2015, over the course of ~6 years I had opportunity to work in some of most exciting projects (in no particular order). [...] However, I have decided to leave Bluesystems at end of this month. I am thankful to Bluesystems for sponsoring work on KDE and in general open-source development. If you are interested in working with them, they are looking for new personnel in various areas, their about page gives more information about this. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ NetBSD_9.2_released⠀⇛ The NetBSD Project is pleased to announce NetBSD 9.2 “Nakatomi Socrates”, the second update of the NetBSD 9 release branch. As well as the usual bug, stability, and security fixes, this release includes: support for exporting ZFS filesystems over NFS, various updates to the bozotic HTTP daemon, improvements to ARM 32-bit and Linux compatibility, fread() performance improvements, support for the TP-Link TL- WN821N V6 wireless adapter, support for the Allwinner H5 cryptographic accelerator, Pinebook Pro display brightness fixes, new defaults for kern.maxfiles, and accessibility improvements for the default window manager configuration. # ⚓ Announcing_NetBSD_9.2_(May_12,_2021)⠀⇛ # ⚓ NetBSD_9.2_Released_With_Many_Fixes,_Much_Faster FREAD⠀⇛ Going along with the recent releases of FreeBSD 13.0, DragonFlyBSD 6.0, and OpenBSD 6.9, NetBSD 9.2 is now available as the latest feature release of this BSD operating system. NetBSD 9.2 is now available as the latest update to NetBSD 9. It’s not a particularly exciting update but does have a large number of fixes throughout the operating system stack. Much faster fread() is one of the interesting changes to mention with NetBSD 9.2. # § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾ # ⚓ Bodhi_Linux_6.0.0_overview_|_The_Enlightened_Linux Distribution.⠀⇛ In this video, I am going to show an overview of Bodhi Linux 6.0.0 and some of the applications pre-installed. # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Office_Depot_modernizes,_saving_over_40_percent_in_IT management_costs_with_SUSE⠀⇛ It was agreed that adopting a cloud-first strategy would support rapid innovation and response to market changes, generate better customer experiences, help manage security and minimize costs. When planning how to better manage their mixed IT environment and securely migrate operations to private cloud, Office Depot evaluated several vendors. SUSE was selected based on its long history in the retail industry, commitment to open source and proven reliability. It was determined that SUSE solutions would help Office Depot reach their goals swiftly and cost-effectively. Office Depot selected SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) as its primary operating system on private cloud and in their on-premise central data centers. SUSE Manager was deployed to schedule and push releases out to Office Depot’s 1,200+ store environments. SUSE Manager for Retail was adopted to automate updates for the in-store servers, running over 5,000 point-of-sales registers. # ⚓ Shells,_openSUSE_Announce_Collaboration⠀⇛ # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ Review:_Fedora_34⠀⇛ Those of us who run Linux because we’re fed up with Ctrl-Alt-Del or aren’t hip enough to be Apple-ites also probably aren’t the ideal candidates to use Fedora. After all, that’s what Linus Torvalds uses, and it’s one of the most common distros among coders, system administrators, and the like. So what happens when someone who thinks Vim and Emacs Reddit posts are funny gives the recently released Fedora 34 workstation a try? He is more than pleasantly surprised. This version of Fedora, put together by the Fedora Project and its sponsor Red Hat, was much more nimble than I expected, and especially given my older hardware. In fact, I was able to do what I normally do – write freelance articles, spend too much time e- mailing editors, and work with WordPress and Substack – without banging my mouse in frustration more than a couple of times. Does this mean I want to use Fedora 34 as my daily driver? Probably not. I don’t have many uses for Boxes, Fedora’s VM app. But it does offer a variety of features that other distros should consider adding, including my beloved Xubuntu. The documentation is first- rate, much more complete and easier to use (with pictures, even!) than I’ve seen almost anywhere else. The ability to configure Nextcloud from a simple prompt as part of the post-installation process is genius. And that I was able to reboot after installation without trying to decide when to remove the install USB – still a sticky proposition with Ubuntu and its flavors – was almost as nice. # ⚓ Getting_started_with_OpenShift_Platform_Administrator Learning_Path⠀⇛ The Red Hat Training and Certification team has curated several learning paths to help guide you in your journey to learn more about Red Hat OpenShift. In a previous post, we shared how to get started with the Red Hat OpenShift Platform Developer Learning Path. Today, we will focus on the OpenShift Platform Administrator learning path. This path isn’t just limited to sysadmins who want to validate their Red Hat OpenShift skills. If you’re an architect looking to incorporate container technologies or a consultant (like myself) who might be new to containers, you may find this guide helpful as well. # ⚓ Red_Hat_customers_gain_efficiencies_with_automation and_agile_approaches⠀⇛ We are proud to hear of the innovative ways our customers use Red Hat solutions to improve business processes and present better products to their customers and communities. In addition to the Red Hat Innovation Awards winners we announced as part of the Red Hat Summit 2021, see how four customers have found more efficient ways to work using Red Hat products and services in this month’s customer success stories highlights. # ⚓ Documenting_system_uptime_in_Linux_|_Enable Sysadmin⠀⇛ The uptime command is straightforward and simple, but it can still be nice to see how some sysadmins use these common tools. Documenting the system’s uptime may be important for service level agreements, performance monitoring, and general troubleshooting. # ⚓ Kubernetes:_6_open_source_tools_to_put_your_cluster to_the_test_|_The_Enterprisers_Project⠀⇛ Kubernetes has earned an overall reputation as an extensible and pluggable platform for orchestrating containers. That roughly means that you can use it in concert with many other tools and services if you so choose. This includes a flourishing category of tools built to help you boost the reliability, security, and the overall health of your Kubernetes cluster, and the applications that run on it. Many of them are open source and free to use. That makes experimentation and learning more accessible for individuals and teams alike, among other benefits. # ⚓ Adress_[sic]_your_site’s_accessiblity_—_from_MVP_to_a complete_solution_—_with_a_few_simple_clicks⠀⇛ Most developers know they need to make their websites and applications accessible, but enabling accessibility across an entire site or application can feel like a daunting task. To recognize Global Accessibility Awareness Day (GAAD) on May 20, the IBM Accessibility team is releasing a new multi-scan report capability in the open source IBM Accessibility Checker that makes it easier than ever to discover — and fix — multiple accessibility issues across your entire website. [...] The Accessibility Checker offers the ability to label each scan and provides handy thumbnails of the scanned content to help the user in choosing which scans they want to include in their report. Having all of the issues rolled-up into a single report helps the team prioritize work that may be affecting many pages across the user experience. # ⚓ 5_ways_to_help_teams_step_outside_their_comfort_zone: Colorado_CIO_of_the_Year_winners⠀⇛ # ⚓ Are_you_micromanaging_your_remote_or_hybrid_team?_10 questions_|_The_Enterprisers_Project⠀⇛ Micromanaging never works. The best employees are likely to bristle at being coddled and the over-involvement of a manager can actually have a negative impact on performance and output, leadership coaches say. “Top performers rarely stay with a boss who micromanages them,” says Doug Meyer-Cuno, leadership coach and author of The Recipe For Empowered Leadership: 25 Ingredients For Creating Value & Empowering Others. Those workers that do remain may trade eagerness and enthusiasm for a minimal effort approach. A whole host of problems can ensue, warns Larry Bonfante, former CIO and founder and CEO of CIO Bench Coach: Employees fail to learn and grow, they become afraid of innovation and risk-taking, they are reluctant to take on bigger roles, and they grow resentful of not being trusted or respected. “I personally have watched entrepreneurs and CEOs suck the life out of their most talented employees because they were constantly micromanaged,” Meyer-Cuno says. # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ deepin_Linux_20.2.1_gets_Debian_10.9_base_—_switch from_Microsoft_Windows_10_today!⠀⇛ deepin Linux is developed in China, true, but that doesn’t mean it can’t be trusted. Look, many products are manufactured in that country, including electronics and computer components we use every day. It is almost impossible for a consumer to avoid Chinese- made products entirely. Plus, let’s not forget, people in China are humans just like everyone else. Please stop the xenophobia, y’all. With all of that said, there is a new version of that Linux-based operating system available — deepin 20.2.1. Even though it is just a “point” release, it is chock full of changes and fixes. Most notably, it is now based on Debian 10.9. And yes, like previous versions of this distribution, deepin 20.2.1 will make an excellent replacement for Windows 10, which seems to be riddled with bugs lately. “Based on deepin 20.2, deepin 20.2.1 upgrades the underlying repository to Debian 10.9, introduces minor updates of dual cores (LTS+Stable), and adapts to the 11th Gen CPU, improving system stability and compatibility comprehensively. In this version, patches for 54 CVE vulnerabilities are integrated by default to enhance system security; Deepin Desktop Environment (DDE) and deepin applications are greatly optimized to ensure efficient user experiences in different scenarios,” explains the deepin developers. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu_Blog:_The_State_of_Robotics_–_April_2021⠀⇛ Together we have reached the end. Two partners, two allies, two distributions that supported millions of innovators have reached their end-of-life (EOL). April will be remembered as the month where ROS Kinetic and Ubuntu Xenial reached EOL. ROS Kinetic is one of the most used, widely deployed and extensively contributed ROS distributions (1st with 1233 repos in ros/rosdistro). Released in 2016, it supported newer related components, notably Gazebo 7 and OpenCV 3, and this month has reached its end. But the end has also brought opportunities, and today we will chat about them. # ⚓ Ubuntu_Blog:_Introduction_to_open_source_private_LTE and_5G_networks⠀⇛ It’s so easy these days to set-up your own WiFi network. You order a router online, plug it into the electrical socket, define a password and you’re good to go. WiFi is fast, reliable and easy to use. But if you want to cover a wider area or connect hundreds of small devices it quickly becomes inefficient and expensive. Is the only way to go to your local mobile network operator and sign a contract? No! Thanks to open source technology, you can build your own LTE or 5G network. # ⚓ Alan_Pope:_New_Pastures⠀⇛ I tweeted back at the start of April that I’m moving on from Canonical/Ubuntu. Well, I left on April 30th, have had two weeks of ‘funemployment’, and today I start my new gig. [...] In a bit of excellent timing, this week we’re running Influx Days – a virtual event focused on the impact of time series data. I’ll be learning along with everyone else who’s attending! # ⚓ Oxford_University_partners_with_Oracle_to_speed identification_of_deadly_COVID-19_variants [Ed: This is a privacy violation with a very aggressive company. How was this approved?]⠀⇛ Oracle and Oxford University are partnering to bring Oxford’s Scalable Pathogen Pipeline Platform (SP3) to the global community to more quickly identify COVID-19 variants in what it calls the Global Pathogen Analysis System. COVID-19 variants have emerged as a serious threat to inoculation and public health initiatives in many regions of the world. Mutations don’t generally weaken a virus, but do have the potential to make it stronger or easy to spread. [...] SP3 fetches data from public repositories of genome data and uses container technology like Docker to build workflows capable of examining new genome sequences against known pathogens to identify variants. While available as a cloud-hosted platform, it was (and is) traditionally designed to be deployed in private environments; its head node only needs to be an Ubuntu machine running 18.04 or higher, and can be installed with a simple bash command. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ ROC-RK3566-PC_single_board_computer_supports_up_to_8GB_RAM, M.2_NVMe_SSD’s⠀⇛ Firefly has now launched a Rockchip RK3566 single board computer named ROC-RK3566-PC, following the launch of Station P2 RK3568 mini PC on Indiegogo last March, and the completion of the campaign a few days ago. The quad-core Cortex-A55 SBC supports up to 8GB ECC memory, up to 128GB flash, M.2 2242 MVMe SSD’s, HDMI 2.0 and MIPI DSI video interfaces, Gigabit Ethernet, and more. # ⚓ JingPad_A1_Linux_tablet_launches_June_15th_via_Indiegogo⠀⇛ If you are patiently waiting for the launch of the new, previously unveiled JingPad A1 Linux tablet, you’ll be pleased to know that it’s crowdfunding campaign will start on June the 15th making the Linux tablet available to pre-order priced at $549. The JingPad A1 comes with a 16 megapixel main camera and an 8 megapixel front camera and can be used with an 11 inch full-size keyboard transforming your Linux tablet into a Linux laptop. The company is also created a stylus to accompany the tablet offering 4096 levels of pressure and the integrated 8,000mAh battery is capable of providing up to 10 hours of battery life and takes approximately three hours to charge from flat to full. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Arduino_Nano_RP2040_Connect_is_here_|_Arduino Blog⠀⇛ It was back in January that we first introduced you to the Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect. The first Arduino board to include Raspberry Pi silicon. It’s been a roller coaster ride getting it to you, and enthusiasm during the wait has been incredibly encouraging. The wait, you’ll be glad to hear, is over. # ⚓ Arduino_Docs_has_all_the_info_you_ever_need_about Arduino_boards⠀⇛ When the Arduino Uno was launched around 15 years ago, its detailed documentation was a vital part of its success. It wouldn’t be at all unreasonable to say that its online resources were a driving factor in the establishment and growth of the primordial Arduino community. But you’re probably quite aware of Arduino’s history, and the rapid growth that followed. Creating, organizing and maintaining that level of documentation around each and every board became a huge task. The complexity was one thing, but the open-source nature also meant that a lot of third party content was generated. Which is great, and is still very much encouraged, but it also muddied the waters of supporting content. So getting all that essential info together in one place, while providing a great experience for the users, has been a passion project for a lot of people at Arduino. And now, it’s ready. # ⚓ Arduino_Nano_RP2040_Connect_WiFi_&_Bluetooth_board launched_for_$25.50_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ The Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect board was announced the day of Raspberry Pi Pico launch as one of the third-party boards featuring Raspberry Pi RP2040 dual-core Cortex-M0+ microcontroller. At the time all we had was renders of the board, later on, the company showcased some mass product photos, and then released Arduino Core mbed 2.0 for the board last month. But it’s only today that it has become possible to purchase Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect board for $25.50 on Arduino store with headers. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ End_of_Android?_Why_new_rival_may_have_Google seriously_concerned_|_Express.co.uk⠀⇛ # ⚓ 5_Android_apps_you_shouldn’t_miss_this_week_–_Android Apps_Weekly⠀⇛ # ⚓ 20_Android_Tips_and_Tricks_You_Had_No_Idea_Existed⠀⇛ # ⚓ A_huge_Android_12_redesign_leak_has_us_drooling⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_Android_12_update_–_SamMobile⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gboard’s_latest_test_syncs_the_theme_with_your wallpaper_on_Android_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ realme_7i:_Realme_rolls_out_Android_11_OS_update_to Realme_7i⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_possibly_working_to_adopt_Google’s_Fuchsia_OS on_future_smart_home_products_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛ # ⚓ A_Toaster_Company_Is_Releasing_an_Android_Phone⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_stalkerware_threatens_victims_further_and exposes_snoopers_themselves_|_WeLiveSecurity⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_To_Print_From_An_Android_Phone:_The_Top_6 Methods⠀⇛ # ⚓ 10_Best_Background_and_Homescreen_Wallpaper_Apps_for Android⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Vimix_is_an_Open_Source_Tool_That_Helps_With_Graphical Mixing_and_Blending_Live⠀⇛ There are several Linux tools available for digital artists. However, those are mostly for image manipulation or drawing. So, how can you blend and mix video clips or computer-generated graphics in real-time on Linux? This is mostly a use-case if you are presenting something live for a VJ session or concerts and conferences. # ⚓ Use_open_source_tools_to_set_up_a_private_VPN⠀⇛ Getting from one place to another over a computer network can be a tricky thing. Aside from knowing the right address and opening the right ports, there’s the question of security. For Linux, SSH is a popular default, and while there’s a lot you can do with SSH it’s still “just” a secure shell (that’s what SSH stands for, in fact.) A broader protocol for encrypted traffic is VPN, which creates a unique, virtual private network between two points. With it, you can log in to a computer on another network and use all of its services (file shares, printers, and so on) just as if you were physically sitting in the same room, and every bit of data is encrypted from point to point. Normally, in order to make a VPN connection possible, the gateways into each network must accept VPN traffic, and some computer on your target network must be listening for VPN traffic. However, it’s possible to run your own router firmware that runs a VPN server, enabling you to connect to your target network without having to worry about forwarding ports or thinking at all about internal topography. My favorite firmware is OpenWrt, and in this article I demonstrate how to set it up, and how to enable VPN on it. # ⚓ Audacity_reverses_course_on_plans_to_add_opt-in_telemetry after_outcry⠀⇛ What a busy few weeks it has been for the venerable audio editor Audacity. At the end of April, it was announced that Muse Group had acquired the editor, with Muse pledging Audacity would remain “forever free and open source”. “I’m proud of how Audacity has achieved so much success over the years, but there are many features and user interface improvements that I’ve always wanted Audacity to have, but were difficult to achieve as a small, community-supported project,” Audacity co-founder Dominic Mazzoni said at the time. Muse Group head of creative software Martin Keary said the contributor community were the “heart and soul of Audacity and our job is to make their lives easier by providing design and development support”. # ⚓ Why_you_should_request_open-source_software_for_your_IoT devices⠀⇛ I usually think of open-source hardware and/or software are enabling skilled people to more easily fix bugs, improve on the design, get feedback from the community, etc… But in a world where IoT devices become more prevalent, there’s another reason why you should request open-source software: Long term support. What made me think about are two things. The first one if that I own WeLoop Hey 3S smartwatch, which I love and wear since March 2018. That’s quite a feat since most cheap devices I own often only last a few months or a year or so. I’m also used to the watch face and Weloop app interface. # ⚓ AVX2_Tuning_Paying_Off_Big_Time_For_Dav1d_10b/12b_Video Decode ⠀⇛ With the new dav1d 0.9 AV1 decoder release bringing AVX2 Assembly for higher bit depth videos, the performance improvements are very pronounced with modern Intel and AMD systems. Following this weekend’s release of dav1d 0.9, I immediately set off to do some benchmarking of this updated AV1 CPU-based video decoder used by Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and other software for processor-based AV1 decoding with all but the very latest hardware not offering GPU-accelerated AV1 handling yet. # ⚓ Daniel_Stenberg:_200_OK⠀⇛ One day in March 1998 I released a little file transfer tool I called curl. The first ever curl release. That was good. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_look_at_the_stack_with_gdb⠀⇛ I was chatting with someone yesterday and they mentioned that they don’t really understand exactly how the stack works or how to look at it. So here’s a quick walkthrough of how you can use gdb to look at the stack of a C program. I think this would be similar for a Rust program, but I’m going to use C because I find it a little simpler for a toy example and also you can do Terrible Things in C more easily. # ⚓ Introduction_to_the_Node.js_reference_architecture, Part_3:_Code_consistency⠀⇛ Welcome back to our ongoing series about the Node.js reference architecture. Part 1 introduced what the Node.js reference architecture is all about, and Part 2 took a look at logging. In this article, we will dive into code consistency and how to enforce it with a linter tool like ESLint. # ⚓ Error_handling_in_Go_HTTP_applications_–_joe_shaw⠀⇛ Nate Finch had a nice blog post on error flags recently, and it caused me to think about error handling in my own greenfield Go project at work. Much of the Go software I write follows a common pattern: an HTTP JSON API fronting some business logic, backed by a data store of some sort. When an error occurs, I typically want to present a context-aware HTTP status code and an a JSON payload containing an error message. I want to avoid 400 Bad Request and 500 Internal Server Errors whenever possible, and I also don’t want to expose internal implementation details or inadvertently leak information to API consumers. I’d like to share the pattern I’ve settled on for this type of application. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ Convenient_matrices_and_other_improvements Python_3.5_brought_us⠀⇛ Explore some of the underutilized but still useful Python features. # § Rust⠀➾ # ⚓ Announcing_Rustup_1.24.2⠀⇛ The rustup working group is happy to announce the release of rustup version 1.24.2. Rustup is the recommended tool to install Rust, a programming language that is empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software. If you have a previous version of rustup installed, getting rustup 1.24.2 is as easy as closing your IDE and running: rustup self update Rustup will also automatically update itself at the end of a normal toolchain update: rustup update If you don’t have it already, you can get rustup from the appropriate page on our website. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Lima:_Another_Way_Of_Spinning_Up_Simple,_Integrated Linux_VMs_on_macOS_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Making some rounds this weekend is the “Lima” project. No, not to be confused with the open-source Arm Mali reverse-engineered project of the same name, but rather an effort to be like an unofficial “macOS subsystem for Linux.” # ⚓ Cloudflare’s_new_authentication_system_aims_to eliminate_CAPTCHA_from_Internet⠀⇛ The system is called Cryptographic Attestation of Personhood and it will be able to authenticate logins to websites by using physical USB keys # ⚓ Viber_–_An_extraordinary_instant_messaging application_for_Linux [Ed: This is proprietary software and it does not respect your privacy (except, perhaps, compared to GAFAM). Viber is so dumb that, like many other applications of its kind, it refuses to work unless you carry around a tracking devices known as a mobile 'phone'. These restrictions may not matter to Viber users regardless. They're spied on.]⠀⇛ In this article, I review Viber application and its features and show you how to install and set it up on Linux. Viber is a free, secure and cross-platform instant messaging application. It comes with a plethora of features that I for sure in love with and hope you will like them too. It is fairly easier to use, in fact, 97% of smartphones in Ukraine usages Viber so you can see it is insanely popular there. Just like Whatsapp in here. # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ KrakenD_API_Gateway_Joins_the_Linux Foundation_as_the_Lura_Project⠀⇛ The Lura Project, the open source framework formerly known as KrakenD, has joined the Linux Foundation where, according to a press statement, “it will be the only enterprise-grade API Gateway hosted in a neutral, open forum.” The project is now active on more than one million servers per month, said Albert Lombarte, co-founder and CEO of KrakenD API Gateway. The move to the Linux Foundation put the technology first, rather than the needs of the enterprise company built on top of it. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ 5_lions_get_a_new_sanctuary_in_the_Western_Cape⠀⇛ Five lion cubs that were neglected in Ukraine in 2019 are heading to a new home in the Western Cape. According to Good Things Guy, in November 2019 Jacaranda FM’s breakfast team, “Good Morning Angels” helped to relocate the five lion cubs, from the harsh conditions in Ukraine to the Ubuntu Wildlife Sanctuary in the NorthWest. Sanctuary Founder Jurg Olsen has been taking in captive wildlife for some time now and under the care of the Ubuntu team, the Ukrainian five as they are known have regained their strength and have grown in their new environment. However, their sanctuary has been leasing its land and had to relocate due to the owners intent to relaunch their private hunting business. They were then able to find a haven in Oudtshoorn, Western Cape, after an investor bought a 1650 hectare parcel of land, donating it to the sanctuary. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Fight_for_the_Right_to_Repair_(and_diagnose)_Your_own Tech_Hardware_–_from_PC_hardware_to_cars_to_tractors_–_reason vs_profit-monopoly-madness⠀⇛ it sounds crazy but… as machines as cars and tractors become more complicated and computerized not only are their parts DELIBERATELY designed to break after a certain time (planned obsolescence) (in order to sell more spare parts, make more profit) no, the manufacturers DELIBERATELY try to limit the ability of users to diagnose & self-repair their systems (in order to make more profit). This translates into Linus complaining, that NVIDIA won’t release any details about their hardware or cooperate with the Open Source community in order to get their hardware up and running under GNU Linux, which lead to Linus “FUCK YOU NVIDIA” statement. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3526 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_17/5/2021:_New_GeckoLinux_and_Kdenlive_21.04.1⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 6:06 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ High-end_Chromebooks_explain_convertible_laptops_better than_anything_else⠀⇛ It is always with a sense of wonderment, befuddlement, and disbelief that the company from Cupertino pushes its tablet and desktop operating systems closer and closer together, especially as it has steadfastly refused to allow a touchscreen on Macs. But the interaction style from the latter half of the last century has been good enough for Apple, and that’s that for the world’s largest computer firm. While I still concur the desktop-style interface is paramount among the choices on offer, it isn’t necessarily the best in circumstances when an app, which has been built for a touch interface, is lazily ported onto your desktop. # ⚓ OpenShot_brings_official_Linux_video_editor_to_Chromebook⠀⇛ Seeing how the foundation of Chrome Unboxed is built very much on Chrome OS and cloud computing, we are huge fans of the open web and ever-evolving tools that come with the territory. That said, there is one particular area that Chrome OS is still lacking and I’m afraid that we are still a few years out from a web-based solution. Yes, I am talking about video editing. There is an increasing number of really good web-based video creation tools out there and for a lot of users, they do everything needed to create quality content for the classroom, marketing materials, or what have you. For serious content creators and studios, however, those tools simply won’t cut it. Thankfully, Chrome OS has matured extensively over the past ten years, and times, they are a-changing. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Late_Night_Linux_–_Episode_125⠀⇛ The perfect offline distro, and your feedback about WSLg, Plasma issues, our terrible artwork, some app suggestions, and more. # ⚓ Destination_Linux_#226:_Kdenlive_Interview_Plus_Which Technologies_We_Think_Should_Go_Away?⠀⇛ This week’s episode of Destination Linux, we’ve got a special guest joining us for an interview. Massimo Stella of Kdenlive will be joining us to talk about this great open source video editor. In our Community Feedback, Adobe’s Flash is Dead, which other technologies should just go away? Then we take a look at the Linux Kernel 5.13 release and discuss some major ARM news going on. Plus we’ve also got our famous tips, tricks and software picks. All of this and so much more this week on Destination Linux. So whether you’re brand new to Linux and open source or a guru of sudo. This is the podcast for you. # ⚓ Audacity_backs_down_on_telemetry,_System76′s_mechanical keyboard,_elementary_OS_6_beta_–_Linux_News⠀⇛ This time, we have the releae of elementary OS 6 public beta, a new mechanical keyboard from System76, Audacity getting some big backlash after annlouncing the introduction of telemetry, and some new information about the JingPad A1 , linux powered tablet o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ Optimizing_3D_performance_with_virglrenderer⠀⇛ Collabora has been investing into Perfetto to enable driver authors and users to get deep insights into driver internals and GPU performance which were not previously visible. This post shows how we applied this work and other peformance analysis tools to study a number of workloads on the virtualized VirGL implementation, and used this insight to improve performance by up to 6.2%. Back in August 2019, I wrote about running games in a virtual machine by using virglrenderer. Now, let’s look at how the code can be tweaked to squeeze out the last bit of performance. # ⚓ Virglrenderer_Sees_Some_New_Micro-Optimizations_– Phoronix⠀⇛ Virglrenderer that is part of the open-source Linux effort to provide accelerated OpenGL to guest virtual machines has been enjoying some new micro-optimizations. Gert Wollny outlined how making use of Perfetto for run-time profiling of Virglrenderer they were able to gain new insight into areas of Virglrenderer to focus on for micro-optimizations. # ⚓ Panfrost_Open-Source_Mali_Driver_Adding_Mediatek MT8183_Support_With_Linux_5.14⠀⇛ The open-source Panfrost graphics driver stack that is now seeing support backed by Arm is going to see Mediatek MT8183 support with the upcoming Linux 5.14 kernel cycle this summer. The Mediatek MT8183 SoC will work with the Panfrost DRM kernel driver come Linux 5.14. This Mediatek SoC is prominent for being used by HP, Acer, and Lenovo Chromebooks. The Mediatek MT8183 was announced at the end of 2019 with featuring eight Cortex-A73 cores and four Cortex-A53 cores while using Arm Mali G72 MP3 graphics. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Partitioning_using_parted_&_fdisk_commands_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Creating disk partitions enables you to split your hard drive into multiple sections that act independently. In Linux, users must structure storage devices (USB and hard drives) before using them. Partitioning is also useful when you are installing multiple operating systems on a single machine. # ⚓ FSTAB_&_MTAB_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ These are some of those critical programs for your computer. Without these, your computer will not know where to find any of the partitions or drives on the computer. Goof this up and you can be dead in the water. Never make any changes without a good backup copy. [...] Unixcop – Linux and Unix Howtos, Tutorials, Guides, News, Devops, Cloud, Monitoing, Tips and Tricks etc …. # ⚓ Basics_of_HTTP_Requests_with_cURL:_An_In-Depth_Tutorial⠀⇛ cURL (client URL) is one of the most used commands to automate the process of sending and receiving data to or from a server. The curl command supports many protocols such as – HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SFTP, TELNET, etc. It is a cross- platform tool available in Windows, Unix, and macOS. cURL has a very broad usage – a quick way to see how broad of a usage, you can run curl -h in your terminal and see all of the options it offers. # ⚓ How_to_Download_and_Install_Figma_on_Linux⠀⇛ Figma is a popular graphic design tool that allows wireframing, creating high-fidelity user interface designs, prototyping, and more in a real-time collaborative environment. One of the most loved features of Figma is its ability to run inside a browser, which makes it platform-independent. However, you might prefer the native application feel over a browser-based one. Figma does not have any official Linux client at the moment, but you can still install it on Linux as an application with an open-source client. Let’s find out how. # ⚓ A_guide_to_ML_model_serving⠀⇛ How you deploy models into production is what separates an academic exercise from an investment in ML that is value-generating for your business. At scale, this becomes painfully complex. This guide walks you through industry best practices and methods, concluding with a practical tool, KFServing, that tackles model serving at scale. [...] The most direct way to use your model within an application is called model embedding. In this method, you simply embed the file that contains your model within your application code, and the application will directly access it. This has a few advantages, as the simpler infrastructure and direct access provide maximum performance during inference and, being embedded within the application, it allows for offline use. However, this is not a scalable method and generally regarded today as not a great practice. # ⚓ How_to_Sort_Files_in_Ubuntu_(GUI_and_Shell)⠀⇛ When we view the contents of any directory in Ubuntu, it is displayed based on file and folders’ names. However, sometimes we may need to sort the files in a specific order to get a better overview and locate files easier. For instance, it may be helpful if we want to view which files were accessed last time. In this article, I will explain how to sort files in a Ubuntu system using the Nautilus File Manager (the GUI) and the ls command (the command line). We have used Ubuntu 20.04 for running the commands and procedures mentioned in this article. # ⚓ LFCA:_How_to_Improve_Linux_Network_Security_–_Part_19⠀⇛ In an ever-connected world, network security is increasingly becoming one of the areas where organizations invest a great deal of time and resources. This is because a company’s network is the backbone of any IT infrastructure and connects all the servers and network devices. If the network is breached, the organization will pretty much be at the mercy of the hackers. Crucial data can be exfiltrated and business-centric services and applications can be brought down. # ⚓ [Older]_Creating_Syslog_entries_and_generating_an_alarm using_a_bash_script⠀⇛ In this article, we are going to discuss the syslog protocol. We’ll also learn about the logger command, which is a shell command and acts as an interface for the syslog module. The logger command makes entries in the system log. In this section, we are also going to create an alarm using a script. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Mass_Effect_Legendary_Edition_now_playable_on_Linux_with Proton_GE_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ The big new release of Mass Effect Legendary Edition from BioWare and EA is only supported for Windows on PC, but with Proton GE you should now be able to play it on Linux. Should being the keyword, as Proton can be a little fiddly at times. If you’re not clear on what Proton and Steam Play are, be sure to check out our constantly updated dedicated page. It’s a special compatibility layer for running Windows games and apps from Steam on Linux. Proton GE is the community-made version which has a number of extras. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_101:_What’s_a_tiling_window_manager?⠀⇛ If you’re new to Linux, you’ve probably never heard of a tiling window manager. If you’re new to Linux, and you mistakenly try out a tiling window manager, you’re in for a surprise. Tiling window managers have been around for a while and for the uninitiated they can be a real challenge. The idea behind the tiling window manager is to efficiently and automatically organize your desktop for you. Most tiling window managers do this quite well—you open one app and it places it, automatically maximized, on your screen. Open another app and it splits the screen with the first app. Continue opening apps and you’ll find each app continues to split. # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Kdenlive_21.04.1_is_out⠀⇛ The first maintenance release of the 21.04 series is out with many bug fixes and improvements. The video stabilization function (Vidstab) for clips in the project bin will be working again with upcoming version 21.04.2. # ⚓ Kubuntu_21.04_Hirsute_Hippo_review_–_Life_is_a vicious_circle⠀⇛ So what can I say? Kubuntu 21.04 Hirsute Hippo is a meh distro. There isn’t any glamor or novelty, or in fact, any reason for it to exist. Interim releases don’t make sense, with any distro family out there. It’d be so much better if we had one release every 18-24 months, but then get a nice, polished product. All in all, it’s nothing spectacular. There were bugs, there were regressions, there were glitches. Compare to the previous release, and then scratch your head. If you like Plasma, then Kubuntu does a good job, but you should stay with an LTS. I can’t say there is anything majorly useful or exciting here, and I feel totally dejected by the random scattershot of new problems. But until distros invest huge effort and resources in proper QA, nothing will change. So there we go. I went through the motions, I ticked a box, and I don’t feel any wiser or happier because of it. Until the next time. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ T2_Linux_21.5_“Because_we_can”_for_18_architectures⠀⇛ Today the T2 System Development Environment Linux 21.5 was released with an even larger amount of supported, 18 pre- and cross-compiled set of architectures ever: alpha, arm, arm64, hppa, ia64, m68k, mips64, mipsel, ppc, ppc64-32, ppc64le, riscv, riscv64, s390x, sparc64, superh, x86, and x86-64. Major performance improemvnts were implemented, including: not yet upstream x86 concurrent TLB flushing, faster in-kernel zstd update as well as smarter (profile guided Os vs O3) whole system optimizations! The 21.5 release received updates across the board, while a major point of work was the GCC 11 update as well as re-basing and fixing upstream regressions for the Sony PS3 support as well as various small improvements, including an up to 15 seconds faster system shutdown when using sysvinit. All 18 official ISO images are fully cross compiled! Over 224 Subversion revisions, of which many are now AI updated by our nightly package bot we named “Data” ;-) Usually most packages are up-to-date, including Linux 5.12.4, GCC 11.0, LLVM/Clang 12, as well as the latest version of X.org, Mesa, Firefox, Rust, KDE and GNOME 40! More information, source and binary downloads are open source and free at: https://t2sde.org Recently the development can also be followed live on YouTube at: https://youtube.com/morerenerebe There were 224 changesets with 251 lines of commit messages. Approximately 132 packages got updates, 25 issues fixed, 132 packages or features added and 10 removed. Multiple improvements have been committed. # ⚓ What’s_New_in_Bodhi_Linux_6?_4_New_Updates_to_Look Out_For⠀⇛ Bodhi Linux is an Ubuntu-based desktop distribution valuing minimalism and user choice. In accordance with that philosophy, the Standard Bodhi Linux install includes only a tiny number of pre-installed apps and the freedom to install whatever additional apps you wish. To further add to user freedom, the desktop environment for Bodhi Linux, Moksha, makes as many configuration options available to the user as possible. It’s also designed to be lightweight and fast, making it one of the best distros for older devices. [...] Are you running a previous version of Bodhi and wondering if you should upgrade? Bodhi 6 is stable and offers several improvements. While remaining on 5.1 won’t hurt you for the time being (Ubuntu 18.04 official support lasts until April 2023), you’d at least benefit from an updated package base for the apps you use. If you’re new to Bodhi, the distro is definitely unique among the host of options out there. Its beautiful themes and speedy engine make it an ideal option for those who value aesthetics, efficiency, and simplicity. The Standard install, in fact, is one of several great, lean options for running Linux on PCs with minimal disk space. # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ GeckoLinux_ROLLING_999.210517_released⠀⇛ GeckoLinux is pleased to announce updates to its complete lineup of ROLLING spins, which are proudly built with unmodified openSUSE Tumbleweed and Packman packages from those projects’ own repositories. # ⚓ GeckoLinux_Switches_to_Btrfs_by_Default,_Now_Offers GNOME_40.1,_LXQt_0.17,_and_Budgie_10.5.3⠀⇛ GeckoLinux ROLLING 999.210517 editions are now available for download built with unmodified openSUSE Tumbleweed and Packman packages, and they come with a major change for those who want to install this desktop- oriented distribution, namely using Btrfs as default filesystem for the guided installation. While Btrfs is now the default file system for new installations, your existing GeckoLinux ROLLING installation won’t be affected the next time you update your system. Also, if you want to install GeckoLinux with another file system, you can select from the various supported filesystem via the custom partitioning option. # ⚓ Digest_of_YaST_Development_Sprint_123_|_YaST⠀⇛ Both openSUSE Leap 15.3 and SUSE Enterprise Linux 15 SP3 are already in the oven and almost ready to be tasted. But although they smell delicious, the openSUSE volunteers and the great SUSE QA team never give up in challenging our beloved distributions to find the corner cases that need more polishing. Since we want to make sure each possible problem have a solution or a documented workaround at the release date, the YaST Team invested quite some time during the last sprint investigating and solving some problems related to AutoYaST, system migration, registration and other tricky areas. [...] One of the many features offered by AutoYaST is the possibility of specifying a so-called ask-list, which lets the user decide the values of some parts of the AutoYaST profile during the installation. That allows to fine- tune the level of flexibility and interactivity, with a process that is highly automated but still customizable on the fly. During this sprint we basically rewrote the whole feature to make it more robust and powerful, while still being fully backwards- compatible. See more details in the corresponding pull request including technical details, before-and-after screenshots and a link to the official documentation that explains how to use this reworked feature. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ Fedora_35_Aims_For_Better_Experience_Running_Vintage Linux_Games_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Fedora 35 is looking to replace the unmaintained SDL 1.2 packages with using the sdl12-compat compatibility layer for better handling of vintage Linux games by this upcoming distribution release. The hope is to replace the existing SDL 1.2 packages with sdl12-compat, which is basically the SDL 1.2 interfaces mapped over SDL 2.0. This SDL 1.2 compatibility layer is using SDL 2.0 “behind the scenes” and continues to see new commits unlike the unmaintained original SDL 1.2. # ⚓ Cloud_Satellite_extends_public_cloud_for_consistent applications_in_hybrid_environments⠀⇛ One way to meet this need is to enable companies to consume public cloud services anywhere else in their IT infrastructure in a software deployment model, according to Jason McGee (pictured, right), IBM fellow, vice president and chief technology officer of the IBM cloud platform at IBM. “So, recently we launched this thing called IBM Cloud Satellite,” he said. “[It is] how we can actually extend the public cloud experience back into the data center, out to the edge, and allow people to kind of mix both location flexibility with public cloud consumption,” he said. McGee and Octavian Tanase (pictured, left), senior vice president of engineering at NetApp Inc., spoke with John Furrier, host of theCUBE, SiliconANGLE Media’s livestreaming studio, during IBM Think. They discussed the new demands of companies on the hybrid cloud, the main features of the IBM Cloud Satellite, and how the data storage provider NetApp complements this solution. (* Disclosure below.) # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Video_Game_Distribution:_The_Next_Player_to_Attract Digital_Platform_Antitrust_Scrutiny [Ed: WTF is "Debian game store."]⠀⇛ Valve Corporation runs Steam—the world’s largest Windows, Mac, and Debian game store. Two new private antitrust class-actions allege that Valve, through Steam, controls and illegally maintains a monopoly in the PC game platform market. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ With_$21M_in_funding,_Code_Ocean_aims_to_help researchers_replicate_data-heavy_science⠀⇛ Say you’re a microbiologist looking at the effectiveness of a promising compound on certain muscle cells. You’re working in R, writing in RStudio on an Ubuntu machine, and your data are such and such collected during an in vitro observation. While you would naturally declare all this when you publish, there’s no guarantee anyone has an Ubuntu laptop with a working RStudio setup around, so even if you provide all the code, it might be for nothing. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Firefly_launches_$89_and_up_SBC_with_an_RK3566_and_M.2 storage⠀⇛ Firefly has launched a “ROC-RK3566-PC” SBC with a Rockchip RK3566 and 2GB ($89) or 4GB ($119) RAM plus 32GB eMMC, GbE, WiFi/BT, MIPI, HDMI, M.2, and 3x USB. Specs have also been posted for a RK3568- based model. T-Chip Technology’s Firefly community project is continuing its transition to Rockchip’s quad-core, Cortex-A55 based RK3566 and RK3568 by launching its first monolithic SBC based on the RK3566. The company also posted specs for a more feature-rich model that taps the similarly NPU-equipped RK3568. The $89 and up ROC-RK3566-PC and upcoming ROC- RK3568-PC boards follow Firefly’s RK3568-powered Core-3568J module and sandwich-style dev kit, as well as its Station P2 mini-PC, both of which feature the RK3568. The Station P2 appears to be based on the ROC-RK3568-PC, which we cover farther below. # ⚓ Firefly_ROC-RK3566-PC:_Another_credit_card-sized_Linux_PC with_a_Rockchip_RK3566_processor⠀⇛ Rockchip’s RK3566 processor is a new 1.8 GHz ARM Cortex-A55 chip with Mali-G52 graphics and support for features including playback of 4K/60Hz video in H.264, H.265, and VP9 codecs. The first single-board computers (SBCs) powered by the chip are expected to ship in the coming months. Recently Pine64 revealed that a Raspberry Pi-sized SBC called the Quartz64 Model B was on the way. Now Firefly has introduced a similarly-sized RK3566 SBC called the ROC-RK3566-PC. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_Add_a_Library_in_Arduino⠀⇛ If you’ve been using Arduino IDE for a while, you would eventually need to extend its capabilities to connect with sensors, displays, Arduino shields, non-Arduino boards, and any other modules. After all, there is a limit to the number of built-in sketches you can use from the downloaded Arduino software. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Android_12_themes_might_spruce_up_your_keyboard_too⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gboard’s_Theme_Engine_on_Android_12_is_Going_to_be Fun⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12:_3_awesome_things_the_new_OS_can_do_that Android_11_can’t_–_CNET⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_is_planning_a_big_UI_overhaul_for_Android_12, leak_suggests_–_GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_I/O_keynote:_How_to_watch_Android_12_and hardware_announcements_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Verizon_Moto_G_Power_is_finally_getting_updated to_Android_11_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Asus_ZenFone_8_promises_two_major_Android_updates_– 9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_5_Smart_TV_under_Rs_25,000_to_buy_in_India 2021⠀⇛ # ⚓ John_Wu,_Magisk_creator,_hired_by_Google’s_Android team_–_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ New_threat_to_Android_phones_found_and_you_can’t afford_to_ignore_it_|_Express.co.uk⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Please_Don’t_Act_Like_This_Maintainer⠀⇛ Recently I saw a pull request for the kitty terminal that kind of annoyed me, not because of the content but because of the complete of any social awareness and etiquette from the creator and the maintainer of the project. Please use this as an example of how not to act. # ⚓ Google_Announces_Some_Very_Interesting_GSoC_2021_Projects⠀⇛ Google announced today the accepted projects/ students for this year’s Google Summer of Code. While for GSoC 2021 Google trimmed the length of this summer coding initiative and also cut the stipend amounts, there ended up being still a good turnout for this year with some interesting projects to be attempted. Google announced that 1,292 students were selected from 69 countries. Some 4,795 students submitted 6,991 applications from 103 countries in total. # § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾ # ⚓ Month_of_LibreOffice,_May_2021_–_Half-way_through!⠀⇛ At the start of May, we launched the Month of LibreOffice, encouraging all users to get involved and help to make the software even better. Everyone who contributes – be it to documentation, translations, bug report testing and other areas – can claim a cool sticker pack, and has a chance to win extra merch too… # ⚓ 10_freebies_every_small_business_should_grab_right now⠀⇛ Microsoft Office is pricey. You don’t need to pay for it if you know about this free alternative: LibreOffice. It’s a free, open- source office suite compatible with Microsoft Office files. Since it’s open-source software, the program is continually updated at no charge. LibreOffice offers six programs that will feel instantly familiar to you if you’ve used Office before. Writer, Calc and Impress are equivalent to Microsoft Word, Excel and PowerPoint. They have most of the same features. You just might need to poke around to find some of them. Even better, LibreOffice can open and edit the documents you made in Office and save new files in Office formats. Download Libre Office here. # § FSF⠀➾ # § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ A_reflection_of_technology_past_and_hopes_for 2070⠀⇛ Every organisation had its own operating system that supported selected applications until the arrival of Unix. More organisations started adopting Unix because of its portability and universal application. The inexpensive and interactive use of the Unix system transformed the way software engineers thought about programming. It’s also around this period that the hacking community started tinkering with operating systems. Back then, the term “hacker” was attached to computer experts who pushed computer systems beyond known limits. Somewhere along the way, a new breed of hackers concerned with personal gain (what we know today as cybercriminals) emerged. # ⚓ Free_Photos_storage_ending;_should_you_pay_for Google_One?⠀⇛ If you’re still on the fence about Google One, consider this. Eminent privacy advocate Richard Stallman foresaw how cloud computing would make people hand over their data to corporations. # § Openness/Sharing/Collaboration⠀➾ # ⚓ An_open_source_Covid_vaccine_could_be_made_in_India soon_–_Times_of_India⠀⇛ India News: Pharma giants and countries are fighting over vaccine patents as thousands die. There’s a simple, tried and tested option — open-source vaccines. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # § Perl/Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ Rakudo_Weekly_News:_2021.20_Cro_Nodelayed⠀⇛ Alexander Kiryuhin, Jonathan Worthington and vendethiel released Cro 0.8.5, the library for building reactive distributed systems taking advantage of all that the Raku Programming Language has to offer. Most important new features are the use of TCP_NODELAY by default (which improves network performance) and on-demand reloading of templates in development environments. [...] Although one can commit a Grant Proposal for a Raku project any time of the year, it is good to sometimes be reminded that another round is coming up to a deadline. So it’s not too late to submit your proposal for the May Round of the Foundation Grants. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Why_does_the_Hindu_American_Foundation_obfuscate_caste_reality?⠀⇛ In October 2016, John Doe (name changed), a principal engineer at Cisco, was informed by two co-workers that his boss, Sundar Iyer, had told them that he was a Dalit. Often called “untouchables,” Dalits lie at the bottom of the caste hierarchy in India’s dominant Hindu religion. Although the caste system was officially abolished in 1950, the socio-economic oppression against Dalits has persisted for decades. At Cisco’s San Jose headquarters in California, Doe was subjected to caste discrimination and “received less pay, fewer opportunities, and other inferior terms and conditions of employment.” When he went to complain against his treatment, the upper-caste boss retaliated by reducing his role. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Researchers_call_for_bias-free_artificial_intelligence [Ed: They should/could start by not calling every computer program "hey hi" and instead deal with the real issues, which is people coding things to suit their own biases, as IBM does]⠀⇛ o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ New_Yorkers_Moved_to_Florida_in_Droves_Amid_COVID Lockdowns,_New_Figures_Show⠀⇛ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Security_updates_for_Monday_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (libimage-exiftool-perl and postgresql-9.6), Fedora (chromium, exiv2, firefox, kernel, kernel-headers, kernel-tools, mariadb, and python- impacket), Mageia (avahi), openSUSE (chromium, drbd-utils, dtc, ipvsadm, jhead, nagios, netdata, openvpn, opera, prosody, and virtualbox), Slackware (libxml2), SUSE (kernel and lz4), and Ubuntu (intel-microcode, python- eventlet, and rust-pleaser). # ⚓ Dominique_Dumont:_Important_bug_fix_for_OpenSsh cme_config_editor⠀⇛ The new release of Config::Model:: OpenSsh fixes a bugs that impacted experienced users: the order of Hosts or Match sections is now preserved when writing back ~/.ssh/config file. Why does this matter ? Well, the beginning of ssh_config man page mentions that “For each parameter, the first obtained value will be used.” and “Since the first obtained value for each parameter is used, more host- specific declarations should be given near the beginning of the file, and general defaults at the end.“. Looks like I missed these statements when I designed the model for OpenSsh configuration: the Host section was written back in a neat, but wrong, alphabetical order. [...] This is now fixed with Config::Model:: OpenSsh 2.8.4.3 which is available on cpan and in Debian/experimental. # ⚓ PGP_Encryption:_How_It_Works_and_How_You_Can Get_Started_–_Make_Tech_Easier⠀⇛ Don’t let the name “Pretty Good Privacy” mislead you. PGP encryption is the gold standard for encrypted communication and has been used by everyone from nuclear activists to criminals since its invention in 1991. While the execution is complex, the concept is simple: you can encrypt text, making it unreadable to anyone who doesn’t have the key to decode it. # ⚓ Try_This_One_Weird_Trick_Russian_Hackers_Hate [Ed: KrebsOnSecurity cannot tell the difference between crackers and hackers even in 2021?]⠀⇛ In a Twitter discussion last week on ransomware attacks, KrebsOnSecurity noted that virtually all ransomware strains have a built-in failsafe designed to cover the backsides of the malware purveyors: They simply will not install on a Microsoft Windows computer that already has one of many types of virtual keyboards installed — such as Russian or Ukrainian. So many readers had questions in response to the tweet that I thought it was worth a blog post exploring this one weird cyber defense trick. [...] Will installing one of these languages keep your Windows computer safe from all malware? Absolutely not. There is plenty of malware that doesn’t care where in the world you are. And there is no substitute for adopting a defense-in-depth posture, and avoiding risky behaviors online. But is there really a downside to taking this simple, free, prophylactic approach? None that I can see, other than perhaps a sinking feeling of capitulation. The worst that could happen is that you accidentally toggle the language settings and all your menu options are in Russian. If this happens (and the first time it does the experience may be a bit jarring) hit the Windows key and the space bar at the same time; if you have more than one language installed you will see the ability to quickly toggle from one to the other. The little box that pops up when one hits that keyboard combo looks like this… o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_Edith_Hamilton_Feared_the_Decline_of_Individualism_More Than_Atomic_Bombs⠀⇛ The celebrated scholar Edith Hamilton wanted the world to rediscover the best of ancient Greece—the appreciation of the individual mind. [...] Laziness of mind rarely if ever made an appearance in the long life and remarkable work of Edith Hamilton. She celebrated the mind. She thought it was shameful to let one go to waste. In her view, “Mind and spirit together make up that which separates us from the rest of the animal world, that which enables a man to know the truth, and that which enables him to die for the truth.” In her last three decades, she put her own mind to reawakening popular interest in the great thinkers of the ancient past—and in that noble effort, this homeschooled prodigy indisputably succeeded. Born in Dresden, Germany to American parents, she grew up in Ft. Wayne, Indiana. Her mother and father desired the best education for their five children. They quickly realized that it was not to be found in the public schools. Edith and her three sisters and one brother were all homeschooled, and each one went on to become an accomplished professional. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ How_Our_Amazon_Trucking_Investigation_Came_Together_—_The Information⠀⇛ One of my favorite things about being an editor is watching other reporters in action. I’m routinely amazed by their techniques and perseverance, both of which are necessary to produce excellent journalism. # ⚓ Procedures_and_strategies_for_anti-counterfeiting: Romania⠀⇛ Romania joined the European Union on 1 January 2007. Consequently, the Romanian customs authorities’ responsibility to protect the external border of the European Union increased considerably, as Romania has a significant border with non-EU countries (eg, Serbia, Ukraine and Moldova). # ⚓ Procedures_and_strategies_for_anti-counterfeiting:_Italy [Ed: This is all about monopoly or protecting from legitimate competitors, but they call everything "piracy" or "counterfeiting" to cloud our vision]⠀⇛ In 2003 specialised IP divisions were set up in 12 existing courts, and in September 2012 these were increased to 21. Moreover, since 2014 cases involving foreign companies have been concentrated in nine of these courts (Milan, Turin, Venice, Genoa, Rome, Naples, Bari, Cagliari and Catania). These divisions have exclusive competence to decide on civil actions relating to trademarks, patents, designs, copyright and unfair competition. # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Samsung_is_preparing_to_showcase_a_flexible_S-shaped screen [Ed: Patents on things that fold, sort of like papers did since the days of ancient scrolls and papyrus. Nowadays almost all supposed 'innovation' boils down to useless gimmicks that are neither novel nor worth a patent, whereas the patent system rubberstamps almost anything that's thrown its way to help fake 'advancement' (for monopolistic agenda alone). You can beat your ass that there are already many US patents on asses and maybe even on poor. No, I have not check and don't intend to run such searches, either.]⠀⇛ The reality is that foldable smartphones have arrived and are not going anywhere. They did not blow up the market and for a long time will be in demand only by those who are ready to pay more for outlandish devices, regardless of the existing problems with reliability and durability. Samsung is especially busy with projects of devices with flexible displays and is ready to go further in its research. # ⚓ Should_TRIPS_waivers_be_used_to_resolve_vaccine inequality? [Ed: Can we stop asking patent litigation firms about what to do regarding patents? Or whether patents put millions of lives at risk? The media is all polluted with this self-promotional and misleading agenda.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Mobbing_Red_Wing:_Federal_Circuit_Eases_Declaratory Judgment_Personal_Jurisdiction_against_Patent_Holding Companies [Ed: US patent court system as a carnival of patent trolls "forum-shopping" for judges that openly sell their bias to turn trolling into cash cows]⠀⇛ The Federal Circuit’s new decision in Trimble Inc. v. PerDiemCo LLC reads like my recent Civil Procedure final exam.[1] The topic is personal jurisdiction–when may a Federal Court exercise its power over an out-of-state patentee in a declaratory judgment action challenging the patent’s validity. The holding is important–repeated and specific threats of litigation by an out-of-state patentee can be sufficient to establish personal jurisdiction for a declaratory judgment action.[2] The decision relies upon the an expanded notion of purposeful availment from the Supreme Court’s 2021 decision in Ford,[3] but should also be seen as further limiting the holding of Red Wing Shoe.[4] In the U.S., personal jurisdiction is handled on a state-by-state basis, even if the case is filed in Federal Court. “Due process” requires a defendant to have sufficient connection with the forum state before a court can exert power over the defendant or the defendant’s assets.[5] This lawsuit was filed in California against PerDiemCo, and so the personal jurisdiction question boils down to whether PerDiemCo has directed its activities toward California in a way that makes jurisdiction fair, just, and reasonable according to our traditions.[6] # ⚓ Post-IPO_lock-up:_Protecting_Australian_investors_at the_risk_of_global_competitiveness [Ed: EPO is run by gangsters (their own staff calls them "mafia"), so citing them as authority on anything, including patent policy, is like citing GOP politicians on "democracy"]⠀⇛ As we look for ways to build the post-COVID- 19 economy, a recent comprehensive study by the European Patent Office (EPO) has provided some insights on the positive role that innovation and Intellectual Property (IP) rights plays in increasing profitability and creating jobs. # ⚓ Keeping_up_with_Dutch_patent_litigation:_second_half- year_case_law_review_2020 [Ed: Litigation lawyers see patents as nothing but a lawsuits opportunity. Asking them about patent law is an exercise in futility.]⠀⇛ Last year the IPKat started a series recapping patent litigation in some of the major patent litigation jurisdictions in Europe (see reports from the Netherlands, Germany and France). Why? Because we are all facing information overload especially in these times, so Merpel meowed at the AmeriKat to cut through all the noise and just get to the point. So we continue with the series in this the second roundup of Dutch patent litigation addressing fascinating issues such as cross-border jurisdiction, health insurers’ reimbursement following from a later discharged PI and an additional question to the equivalence test. Over to the IPKat’s friends at Brinkhof in the Netherlands in the form of Barbara Mooij and Alexander de Leeuw: “In this second roundup of Dutch patent litigation, we dive into some of the noteworthy patent cases of the Dutch courts from July – December 2020. Although the Dutch courts have by now fully adjusted to conducting hearings via video-conference, they remain extremely busy. The amount of case law in the second half of 2020 was similar to the first half of 2020. # ⚓ South_Africa_Compulsory_Licensing [Ed: Imagine a patent policy designed for actual people instead of selfish corporations with no objectives that are moral]⠀⇛ In seeking to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, South Africa became a signatory to the Trade- Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement in 2005. This became the basis for compulsory licenses in South Africa. South Africa incorporated these provisions into the South African Patents Act 1997 (the Act), under Sections 55 and 56. # ⚓ Christoph_Ann:_“Licensing_relevant_COVID-19_patents would_increase_their_availability” [Ed: Patent zealots and litigation profiteers are foolishly, not shrewdly, showing their disregard to human life this month. Sociopathy is a form of ugliness.]⠀⇛ Christoph Ann: From a legal perspective, providing for a waiver of IP, mostly patent protection, in an adjusted TRIPS Agreement is conceivable. Depending on how such a provision would be phrased, World Trade Organisation (WTO) members then could be obliged to implement this into national patent law. However, the debate as such is nothing new. [...] Whether US pharmaceutical companies like it or not, there are similarities with the South African AIDS pandemic in the late 1990s, where South African president Thabo Mbeki had outright denied HIV being a health problem and kept the country from publicly committing to preventive measures When the disease got out of hand, South African politics blamed the patent system and patent holders from the developed world. Ultimately, political pressure brought about the compromise of antiretroviral drug producers lowering prices to levels acceptable for both sides. This solution left the patent system intact. For COVID-19 vaccines, the outcome may be somewhat similar. # ⚓ F-star_Therapeutics_Reports_First_Quarter_2021 Financial⠀⇛ FS118 European patent protection granted: The European Patent Office (EPO) granted a patent in January 2021 with claims protecting the composition of matter of F-star’s FS118 molecule giving protection until June 2037. The phase 2 proof-of-concept trial of FS118 is proceeding on plan and the Company plans to provide an update on progress in the first half of 2022. # ⚓ 4_charts_that_show_how_technology_is_enabling_the energy_transition [Ed: A site I never heard of is participating in the EPO’s_greenwashing_propaganda campaign, seeking to distract from EPO crimes]⠀⇛ The shift to low-carbon energy (LCE) is a crucial part of addressing the challenges of the climate crisis. Unless emissions are reduced and greener energy is increased, the thresholds for temperature rises outlined in the Paris Climate Agreement could be breached. That’s according to the European Patent Office (EPO) and the International Energy Agency (IEA), who have issued their second report into the growth of the technologies needed to support the transition to greener types of energy. Called Patents and the energy transition: Global trends in clean energy technology innovation, the report examines the link between patented developments and support for greener energy use. The shift to LCE can only be achieved through an acceleration in energy-sector innovation, the report’s authors state. # ⚓ Does_the_Irish_Court_of_Appeal_in_Merck_v_Clonmel part_ways_from_the_CJEU’s_Santen_Article_3(d) decision?⠀⇛ Last year’s CJEU decision in Santen (C-673/ 18) was an usually clear judgment on a question that had dogged SPC case law for years: whether there are any circumstances in which an SPC may be based on a second marketing authorisation for a product. In Santen (C-673/18) the CJEU rejected its own previous reasoning on this question and appeared to rule out the possibility of SPCs based on 2nd marketing authorisations (The SPC Blog). The CJEU decision Santen (C-673/18) has now been applied by the Court of Appeal of Ireland (Merck v Clonmel [2021] IECA 54). The case related to Merck’s Ireland SPC for its cholesterol lowering combo-product Inegy (ezetimibe + simvastatin). Interestingly, given the apparent uncompromising position of the CJEU in Santen (C-673/18), the Irish Court of Appeal found that Article 3(d) did not necessarily exclude SPCs based on a marketing authorisations for combination product, even when both of the individual active ingredients in the combination product were covered by previous authorisations. [...] Merck already had an SPC for ezetimibe monotherapy (Ezetrol). Both the Ezetrol and Inegy SPCs were based on the same Irish patent (EP (IE) 0 720 599). The patent was directed to compounds for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and explicitly claimed ezetimibe. The known statin simvastatin was mentioned in the description of the patent. Simvastatin had been previously approved for medicinal use. The patent did not explicitly disclose a combo-product comprising ezetimibe and simvastatin. The Irish Court of Appeal therefore found the Inegy SPC invalid under Article 3(a) SPC Regulation as interpreted by the CJEU in Royalty Pharma (C-650/17), whereby a product must be specifically identifiable in the patent on which the SPC is based. The Irish Court of Appeal decision on this point was in line with the Paris Court of Appeal decision on the French Inegy SPC application (as reported by the SPC blog). Despite already finding the Inegy SPC invalid under Article 3(a), the Irish Court of Appeal also considered whether the SPC complied with Article 3(d). The question was whether the marketing authorisation for Inegy (ezetimibe + simvastatin) was the 1st marketing authorisation to place the product on the market, given the previous approval for Ezetrol (ezetimibe monotherapy). Notably, the Ezetrol marketing authorisation permitted patients to take statins, including simvastatin, in combination with Ezetrol (ezetimibe monotherapy). Nonetheless, the Court of Appeal found that the co- administration of two separate products, ezetimibe and a statin, could not be equated to a marketing authorisation for the comb- product, Inegy. The Court of Appeal thus found that the Inegy SPC did not contravene Article 3(d) of the SPC Regulation. # ⚓ Amgen_v_Sanofi:_Narrowing_the_scope_of_protection_for antibody_inventions? [Ed: Stop pretending life is an "invention"; stop telling lies to put patents on everything. This is insane!]⠀⇛ In the latest development in global patent litigation that has polarized the life sciences industry, Amgen’s patent claims covering a whole class of monoclonal antibody PCSK9 inhibitors have been ruled to be invalid by the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The US patents cover Amgen’s own antibody evolocumab (branded as Repatha®), which is used as a cholesterol medication, and the structurally distinct rival antibody alirocumab (branded as Praluent®) which Sanofi and Regeneron developed independently. # § Software Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Is_it_worth_patenting_your_AI_tools_for_drug discovery? [Ed: Disguising illegal patents such as software patents as "HEY HI" because who the hell cares about science when you can name-drop buzzword salads instead?]⠀⇛ In the last few years, there has been a lot of interest in how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to improve the drug discovery and development processes. During the global Covid-19 pandemic, many people will have become aware of just how long it takes and how much it costs to develop a drug and release it onto the market. AI is being used by many companies to try to speed-up and increase the efficiency of the process to identify new drugs for new and existing diseases. Sometimes, the AI is used to discover existing drugs that could be used for a different purpose. Often, when the AI identifies a drug, and experiments confirm it is useful for the intended purpose, the drug can be patented. But what about the AI itself – can the AI be protected by patents, and should you try to? In this article, I will share some thoughts on whether it is possible to patent AI tools for drug discovery and drug design. # ⚓ Omnitek_Partners_settles_with_Unified⠀⇛ On May 13, 2021, the Board issued an order terminating IPR2020-01574 pursuant to a joint settlement request filed by Unified Patents and Omnitek Partners LLC, an NPE. U.S. Patent 8,224,569 is generally directed towards a method for generating and displaying driving directions. The patent had been asserted in litigation against Ford, Here Global B.V., Toyota, Apple, and Alpine Electronics, and is still currently asserted against GM, Mazda, and Volvo. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5173 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 05.17.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ ✐ Links_17/5/2021:_Linux_5.13_RC2_and_a_Lot_About_Patents⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:56 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ 9to5Linux_Weekly_Roundup:_May_16th,_2021⠀⇛ This week has been a bit slow in Linux news and releases, but we saw the launch of a new major Bodhi Linux release, Canonical finally enabled the upgrade path from Ubuntu 20.10 (Groovy Gorilla) to Ubuntu 21.04 (Hirsute Hippo), and UBports released the Ubuntu Touch OTA-17 software update for Ubuntu Phones. On top of that, NVIDIA released a new graphics driver for Linux, BSD, and Solaris systems with support for a bunch of new laptop GPUs, Canonical published the first Linux kernel security update for Ubuntu 21.04, and System76 launched their Launch mechanical and highly configurable keyboard. o ⚓ Linux_Weekly_Roundup_#130⠀⇛ I hope that you are doing well! We had a wonderful week in the world of Linux Releases with Bodhi Linux 6.0.0, Deepin 20.2.1, Arco Linux 21.05.9, and ExTiX 21.5. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Nheko_Reborn:_Lightweight_Native_Matrix_Client⠀⇛ I typically run Element as my Matrix client but there are many many other great options, the problem is a lot of them are terminal based or have some really weird design choices for the UI, Nheko Reborn keeps it simple and goes with the modern Discord like style that a lot of people are comfortable with. # ⚓ Nextcloud_Installation_Is_A_Snap⠀⇛ I spent this afternoon setting up a new Nextcloud server on a DigitalOcean droplet with Ubuntu 20.04 Server, so I thought I would share my thoughts on the installation and on the Nextcloud software suite. # ⚓ Josh_Bressers:_Episode_271_–_Pipeline_security:_There_is_no problem_humans_can’t_make_worse⠀⇛ Josh and Kurt talk about how people handle problems. We open with the story of the Colonial Pipeline hack, but then go into some of the ways people tend to make problems worse. # ⚓ Going_Linux_#408_·_Password_Managers_for_Linux⠀⇛ There are over 100 alternatives to the most popular password manager, LastPass. We review the top 4 and recommend the best. We review 1Password, Bitwarden, KeePass, and KeePassXC. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ AMD_SEV_Code_Gets_Reorganized_In_Linux_5.13_Ahead_Of_SEV- SNP_Landing_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ While past the Linux 5.13 merge window, some reorganizing/cleaning to the AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) code was merged to mainline today to make it easier for when the SEV-SNP and other feature code is submitted for Linux 5.14 or later. While post merge window activity is normally limited to bug/regression fixes for the Linux kernel, some reorganization to the SEV code was merged today ahead of Linux 5.13-rc2. The basis for merging the code now is that it will vastly improve the experience when it comes time to landing new feature code moving forward. Most notably, the SEV- SNP code is out under review and those patches will depend upon this reorganized SEV kernel code. # ⚓ Linux_5.13-rc2⠀⇛ So a week has passed, and rc2 is tagged and pushed out. Things look pretty normal: rc2 tends to be fairly quiet as people start finding issues, and while 5.13 looks to be a pretty big release over-all, the changes in rc2 are if anything slightly smaller than average. But it's well within the noise. The fixes here are all over the place - drivers, arch updates, documentation, tooling.. Nothing particularly stands out, although a fix for some VGA text-mode font size issues is funny (as in "strange", not "ha-ha funny") just because so few people presumably use the extended SVGA text modes any more. That's not recent breakage either. The appended shortlog shows the details. Linus # ⚓ Linux_5.13-rc2_Released_With_A_VGA_Text_Mode_Fix⠀⇛ One new item worth mentioning in Linux 5.13-rc2 is some AMD SEV code restructuring in preparations for SEV-SNP feature work to come in a future merge window. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Wanna_Help_With_The_512KB_Club?⠀⇛ Hey there folks. If you’re subscribed to my newsletter, you probably heard that I’m super busy at the moment. So I’ve been thinking about how I can reduce my workload when I’m outside of work so I can focus on producing content. As you may know, I have a number of mini-projects, including SimpleCSS, 512KB Club and 100 Days To Offload. I need to reduce some of this, but I don’t want to kill any of them either. The 512KB Club is the one that takes most of my time, because people submit their sites, I have to review them, add them to the list, then commit the changes. Doesn’t sound much, but when there’s 20 a week, it can take some time! # ⚓ In_praise_of_the_convenience_and_speed_of_the_editor_ed⠀⇛ I have learned how to use ed and use it almost daily for many small editing tasks. Currently I am feeling totally comfortable in ed. # ⚓ What_Is_the_/etc/passwd_File_and_What_Is_It_Used_For?⠀⇛ Linux is a multiuser operating system. And to facilitate proper user management, the system stores the user information in the /etc/passwd file. This guide will help you understand what the passwd file is and the important role it plays when it comes to user management in Linux. # ⚓ Tutorial:_analyze_redox_inactivations/reactivations⠀⇛ Redox-dependent inactivations are actually rather common in the field of metalloenzymes, and electrochemistry can be an extremely powerful tool to study them, providing one can analyze the data quantitatively. The point of this point is to teach the reader how to do so using QSoas. For more general information about redox inactivations and how to study them using electrochemical techniques, the reader is invited to read the review del Barrio and Fourmond, ChemElectroChem 2019. # ⚓ How_to_install_Steam_on_Deepin_20.2⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at how to install Steam on Deepin 20.2. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Brave_Browser_on_Manjaro_21⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Brave Browser on Manjaro 21. For those of you who didn’t know, Brave is adapted from the Chromium project and runs smoothly on Linux Distributions. One of the most important features of this browser is privacy. It does not track, has a built-in AdBlocker, password manager, etc. The brave reward is one of the great features where you can view private ads, Tip your favorite creators, Contribute monthly to sites, Auto-contribute to sites. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the Brave web browser on a Manjaro 21 (Ornara). # ⚓ How_to_Download_Subtitles_Automatically_in_VLC⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_upgrade_FreeBSD_12_to_13⠀⇛ On 13th April 2021, FreeBSD 13 had been released. If your system is still 12, and you want to get the benefit of this recent version, you will need to upgrade your current 12. # ⚓ History_Command_with_Examples⠀⇛ History Command is used to view the previously executed command and it can also list it. This feature was not available in the Bourne shell. Bash and Korn support this feature in which every command executed is treated as the event and is associated with an event number using which they can also be recalled and changed if required.These commands are saved in a history file. in Bash shell history command shows the whole list of the command. # ⚓ How_to_install_Netbeans_on_a_Chromebook_in_2021⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install Netbeans on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. This tutorial will only work on Chromebooks with an Intel or AMD CPU (with Linux Apps Support) and not those with an ARM64 architecture CPU. # ⚓ Carl_Chenet:_How_to_save_up_to_500€/year_switching_from Mailchimp_to_Open_Source_Mailtrain_and_AWS_SES⠀⇛ My newsletter Le Courrier du hacker (3,800 subscribers, 176 issues) is 3 years old and Mailchimp costs were becoming unbearable for a small project ($50 a month, $600 a year), with still limited revenues nowadays. Switching to the Open Source Mailtrain plugged to the AWS Simple Email Service (SES) will dramatically reduce the associated costs. # ⚓ How_to_install_LXQt_on_Linux⠀⇛ LXQt is a lightweight, lean desktop environment that uses very few system resources. If you’d like to get going with this desktop, follow along with this guide. In it, we break down how to get LXQt working on all major Linux distributions. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Apache_Kafka_on_Debian_10_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Apache Kafka on Debian 10. For those of you who didn’t know, Apache Kafka is an open-source distributed event streaming platform used by thousands of companies for high-performance data pipelines, streaming analytics, data integration, and mission-critical applications. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the Apache Kafka on a Debian 10 (Buster). # ⚓ Baserow:_Create_and_manage_databases_with_this_no-code_free app⠀⇛ Creating and managing databases is a critical part for any business or any development process. It also requires fair knowledge of installing, configuring and managing database engines and the managing software. While there are some cool management tools like PhpMyAdmin (Adminer) and pgAdmn for PostgreSQL, they also require technical skills to install, run and manage. Furthermore, they are not easy to use by normal users. # ⚓ Module_1:_Introduction_to_SSH [Ed: Paywall]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Enabling_Linux_for_your_managed_Chromebooks⠀⇛ The Linux container on Chrome OS still feels a bit “Beta” in my opinion but it does offer up some useful additions to the Chromebook toolbox. Apart from giving you a new set of productivity tools, the terminal is a great way to learn your way around the Linux command-line interface. Whether you’re teaching a class on Linux how-to or using the Debian-based container for serious development, Crostini is disabled by default on managed Chrome OS devices and you’ll need access to an IT admin or the Admin Console to enable it. If you manage a large fleet of Chrome devices and users, some of this may seem elementary to you and I applaud you for learning the mysterious ways of the Google Admin Console. Should you find yourself new to managed users and devices, you might be fumbling around the Admin Console looking for a way to enable the Linux container for your fleet of managed Chromebooks. Don’t feel bad. The main reason I’m writing this article is that I found myself doing the exact same thing. No worries. Enabling Linux for your users is quite simple once you know where to look. So, let’s get to it. # ⚓ File_Browser,_a_web_file_manager⠀⇛ File Browser is an elegant file browser and file manager for the web with the following features… # ⚓ [Older]_Tuning_the_TCP_stack_in_Ubuntu_Operating_System_– Linux_Concept⠀⇛ Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a standard set of protocols used by every network-enabled device. TCP/IP defines the standards to communicate over a network. TCP/IP is a set of protocols and is divided in two parts: TCP and IP. IP defines the rules for IP addressing and routing packets over network and provides an identity IP address to each host on the network. TCP deals with the interconnection between two hosts and enables them to exchange data over network. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol and controls the ordering of packets, retransmission, error detection, and other reliability tasks. # ⚓ How_to_install_KVM_and_Virt-Manager_on_Rocky_Linux_8_– Linux_Shout⠀⇛ Vmware Player and VirtualBox are popular ways to run virtual machines on Linux however they are Type-2 Virtualizaer which uses OS to communicate kernel. Whereas to get almost native speed, we can use Linux KVM stands for Kernel-based Virtual Machine. The KVM kernel module has been included in Linux since version 2.6.20 of the Linux kernel. Let’s see the steps to install KVM on Rocky Linux, CentOS, or AlmaLinux 8 and Virt Manager a GUI to manage virtual machines running on it. # ⚓ How_to_install_VirtualBox_hypervisor_on_Rocky_Linux_8_– Linux_Shout⠀⇛ Opensource Virtualbox is one of the best ways to create and run virtual machines on Linux, Windows, and macOS. Thus, if you are using Rocky Linux 8 and want to set up VirtualBox on it then here are the commands and steps to install it. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Huion_and_Krita_Competition_Winners⠀⇛ We have the winners! We had them yesterday already, but in the excitement of getting her first covid vaccine shot, Halla forgot to make the announcement. Sorry! The jury, consisting of Ramon Miranda, Agata Cacko and Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier had a hard time making their choices: the quality of the submissions was just amazing! o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ Nokia_Deploys_Data_Center_Switching_Solution_for_OpenColo⠀⇛ The Nokia data center switching solution comprises SR Linux, an open Linux based NOS and a NetOps development toolkit that helps automate data center network operations to improve operational efficiency while reducing risk. The services that OpenColo supports using the Nokia data center switching solution include bare metal and managed servers, cloud streaming and data center connectivity. OpenColo is also using the Nokia 1830 Photonic Service Switch (PSS) to interconnect its data centers using dual optical fiber connections running at 100Gbps. # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Expect_Rancher_and_Kubernetes_to_Be_the_Stars_at Digital_SUSECON_|_IT_Pro⠀⇛ This will be the first SUSECON since the Germany-based Linux company SUSE acquired the Kubernetes startup Rancher late last year. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ This_App_Lets_You_Tweak_Hidden_Settings_in_Ubuntu 20.04_–_OMG!_Ubuntu!⠀⇛ ‘Ubuntu First Steps‘ is one of their latest app creations: a utility designed exclusively for Ubuntu. A raft of common post-install tasks are available within the tool, which is free open source software available for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. Anyone who remembers the legendary Ubuntu Tweaks tool will find Ubuntu First Steps a pinch familiar. It’s kind of like a reincarnation of Ubuntu Tweak, albeit with a less catchy name and a more modern UI. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ HEGduino_V2_supports_fNIRS_and_Blood-Flow_Monitoring_ (Crowdfunding)⠀⇛ AlasKit has launched a crowdfunding campaign on Crowd Supply for HEGduino V2. The device features noninvasive optical imaging through fNIRS (Functional near-infrared spectroscopy), apart from its brain blood flow monitoring functionality. We saw the previous version of the HEGduino in September 2019 which only supported blood flow monitoring. But the HEGduino V2 also monitors breathing, heart rate, and skin temperature. [...] HEGduino V2 is compatible with the open- source (GPLv3)… # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ One_of_Samsung’s_best_Android_tablets_is_on_sale_at_a lower_than_ever_price_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛ # ⚓ Top_7000mAh_battery_Android_smartphones_in_India: Samsung_Galaxy_F62_and_more_in_the_list⠀⇛ # ⚓ BlueStacks_5_Review_–_Performance_upgrades_vs BlueStacks_4_ensure_BlueStacks_remains_the_best_Android emulator⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Maps_for_Android_Replaces_Search_Pin_with Search_for_COVID-19_Vaccine_to_Encourage_Users_|_Tech Times⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_may_reveal_a_huge_Android_upgrade_this_week and_that’s_not_all_|_Express.co.uk⠀⇛ # ⚓ Stalkers_could_track_Android_users,_who_have_no_way to_detect_a_hidden_AirTag_|_HT_Tech⠀⇛ # ⚓ 10_new_(and_1_WTF)_Android_games_from_the_last_week: The_best,_worst,_and_everything_in_between_(5/10/21_– 5/16/21)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Realme_7i_now_getting_Realme_UI_2.0_based_on_Android 11_in_India⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_Free_Android_Apps_and_Games_of_the_Week: Actuflow,_Atom,_Ordia,_and_More!_–_Gizchina.com⠀⇛ # ⚓ Citra,_the_Nintendo_3DS_emulator_for_Android,_gets_a new_feature_that_greatly_reduces_lag⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_4_Best_Terminal_Emulator_Apps_for_Android⠀⇛ Linux is often claimed as the favorite desktop operating system of developers and tinkerers, and for good reason. Its openness and plethora of tools allows it users to push their computers to the limit, and do any task with efficiency. But sometimes, the only computer you have on you is a smartphone. Fortunately, Android’s open nature as a platform means you can take advantage of its Linux roots. With the terminal apps in this list, you’ll be able to turn your Android device into a capable machine, comparable to a desktop environment. # ⚓ Top_5_PUBG_Mobile_Lite_like_Free_Android Survival_games_you_can_play_offline⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google’s_Android_12_redesign_leaks_with_theme support,_new_animations,_more_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛ # ⚓ Benefits_of_Android_Auto_&_Apple_CarPlay_» MotorOctane⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_forget_a_Wi-Fi_network_on_your_Android phone_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Artificial_Intelligence_safety:_embracing_checklists⠀⇛ Unfortunately, human errors are bound to happen. Checklists allows one to verify that all the required actions are correctly done, and in the correct order. The military has it, the health care sector has it, professional diving has it, the aviation and space industries have it, software engineering has it. Why not artificial intelligence practitioners? In October 1935, the two pilots of the new Boeing warplane B-17 were killed in the crash of the aircraft. The crash was caused by an oversight of the pilots, who forgot to release a lock during the takeoff procedure. Since then, following the checklist during flight operations is mandatory and reduced the number of accidents. During the Apollo 13 mission of 1970, carefully written checklists mitigated the oxygen tank explosion accident. In healthcare, checklists are widespread too. For example, the World Health Organization released a checklist outlining the required steps before, during, and after a surgery. A meta-analysis suggested that using the checklist was associated with mortality and complication rates reduction. Because artificial intelligence is used for increasingly important matters, accidents can have important consequences. During a test, a chatbot suggested harmful behaviors to fake patients. The data scientists explained that the AI had no scientific or medical expertise. AI in law enforcement can also cause serious trouble. For example, a facial recognition software mistakenly identified a criminal, resulting in the arrest of an innocent, an algorithm used to determine the likelihood of crime recidivism was judged unfair towards black defendants. AI is also used in healthcare where a simulation of the Covid-19 outbreak in the United Kingdom shaped policy and led to a nation-wide lockdown. However, the AI simulation was badly programmed, causing serious issues. Root cause analysis determined that the simulation was not deterministic and badly tested. The lack of checklist could have played a role. # ⚓ Dav1d_0.9_Released_With_AVX2-Tuned_10b/12b_Decode_For_Big Speed_Boost_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ The hand-written AVX2-tuned Assembly code was sponsored by Facebook and Netflix to provide significantly better performance for decoding 10- bit and 12-bit AV1 content on modern Intel/AMD processors. AArch64 already enjoyed hand-tuned Assembly for the high bit depth decoding while now thanks to the support of two Internet giants there is this faster 10b/12b decode for AVX2 capable processors, which amounts to Intel Haswell and newer or AMD Excavator and newer. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ 5_things_I_learned_while_developing_a_billing system⠀⇛ Figuring out these edge cases one-by-one wasn’t great. I wish someone had created a short guide of what I needed to know. So here it is! My guide. If you’re thinking of building (or even just using) a billing system – pay close attention. # ⚓ JSDB_Migrations⠀⇛ I’m busy working on Basil, the Small Web host, and while it’s nowhere near ready to use yet, I thought I’d try my hand at writing a database migration as they will be necessary once other people start using it. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Former_Hollywood_Reporter_Editor_Matthew_Belloni_Named_Partner_of Digital_Media_Startup⠀⇛ The unnamed firm is co-founded by Conde Nast and Vox Media veterans, and will focus on the nexus of power and influence in entertainment, finance, politics and tech. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Jan_Resseger:_Will_the_Biden_Administration Revive_the_Failed_Policies_of_NCLB_and_Obama?⠀⇛ It looks like Biden is winding the clock backward on education. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Inside_India’s_Vaccine_Divide⠀⇛ As the Biden administration announces to lift intellectual property patents on the production of the vaccine to ramp up global production after facing acute pressure, India is dealing with its domestic crisis of limited vaccine supply, uneven coverage and more importantly its differential pricing model for the inoculations which is creating one of the biggest barriers to universal immunisation.  Only 30 million people have had the complete two doses of a Covid vaccine in India so far, government data shows. That’s a small number (just over 2%) of India’s total population of 1.3 billion people — although around a quarter of that total are under 15 years old and, as such, are not eligible for a vaccine yet Since May 1, anyone aged 18 or over is eligible for a Covid vaccine although this expansion of the vaccination program has been hampered given the shortages of doses that have been reported throughout the country by national media. # ⚓ Herd_Immunity_Unlikely_in_U.S._as_Vaccine_Skepticism_Slows Campaign⠀⇛ Thus far, the U.S. vaccination campaign has been a resounding success. In just five months, 248 million doses have been administered, almost half of all adult Americans have already received a shot, and about 30 percent are fully vaccinated. Starting early next week, adolescents above the age of 12 will also begin receiving shots. It is an impressive campaign against the deadly virus – but it is now beginning to stall. As a result, the goal of attaining herd immunity is receding into the distance, a scenario that could soon repeat itself in Europe. # ⚓ India_Protests_Bill_Gates’_Stance_Against_Vaccine_Tech Sharing⠀⇛ A few days before the Biden administration showed support for India’s bid to waive patents for COVID- 19 vaccines, Bill Gates publicly opposed sharing such patents with developing countries. His remarks have raised a wave of anger in India, currently battling a devastating second coronavirus wave. # ⚓ UN_Study_Links_Overwork,_Death_from_Heart_Disease,_Stroke⠀⇛ A growing number of people around the world are dying from heart disease and stroke because of overwork, a new World Health Organization- International Labor Organization study says. The study is based on data from more than 2,300 surveys collected in 154 countries from 1970 to 2018. The study says those working at least 55 hours a week are at higher risk of dying from heart disease and stroke. In 2016, the data show 1 in 10 people around the world, or 450 million, worked excessively long hours, leading to 745,000 heart disease and stroke deaths. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Cyber-crime:_Irish_health_system_targeted_[sic]_twice by_[crackers]⠀⇛ The Department of Health said it shut down its IT systems after a ransomware attack on Thursday. A similar attack on the Health Service Executive (HSE) on Friday caused “substantial” cancellations to outpatient services. The same cyber-crime group is believed to be behind both incidents, RTÉ has reported. # ⚓ Ransomware_Is_Getting_Ugly⠀⇛ An industry group called the Institute for Security and Technology (no, I haven’t heard of it before, either) just released a comprehensive report on combating ransomware. It has a “comprehensive plan of action,” which isn’t much different from anything most of us can propose. Solving this is not easy. Ransomware is big business, made possible by insecure networks that allow criminals to gain access to networks in the first place, and cryptocurrencies that allow for payments that governments cannot interdict. Ransomware has become the most profitable cybercrime business model, and until we solve those two problems, that’s not going to change. # ⚓ China_removes_90_apps_to_check_‘irregular_collection of_personal_information’⠀⇛ China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) announced that the apps were being taken “offline” for an indefinite period. The affected apps include online ticket booking platform Damai, online travel booking app Tuniu, China’s biggest LinkedIn rival Maimai, and Tianya, an online community for people to share views and ideas. However, users who already have the apps installed can continue to use them, reported South China Morning Post. # ⚓ Cisco_to_acquire_threat_assessment_platform_Kenna Security⠀⇛ Networking major Cisco has announced to acquire Kenna Security, makers of a risk- based vulnerability management platform, for an undisclosed sum. This is the third acquisition by Cisco this week. The company announced its intent to acquire Sedona Systems and Socio Labs earlier this week, but did not disclose financial details. Kenna is the first significant acquisition for Cisco’s security business since its $2.35 billion purchase of Duo Security in 2018. # ⚓ Adopting_zero_trust_architecture_can_limit ransomware’s_damage⠀⇛ Zero trust is relatively straightforward: Organizations shouldn’t automatically trust anything trying to connect to their network or access their data. Instead, they should verify everything before granting access. Zero trust architecture does not need to be costly or complex to implement, as enterprises can implement zero trust with current technology and updated policies and standards. One way is to identify automated systems in the environment and using allow lists to restrict access to those systems. # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ 2021-05_Russian_IT_Security_Updates_–_allegedly Windows_source_code_for_sale [Ed: Lousy code from Microsoft — code you might only wish to have for the back doors exposed by it. So one can engage in ransom against Windows users, including hospitals.]⠀⇛ The developer of the Salaat First (Prayer Times) app, which reminds Muslims when to pray, recorded and sold detailed information about their location to a data broker without the users ‘ knowledge, who in turn sold the geodata to other clients. This was reported by the publication Motherboard. The app sends notifications reminding users when to pray, shows them which direction to pray in by pointing to Mecca, and displays nearby mosques for users based on their current location. The location data is collected by the French firm Predicio, which was previously linked to a data supply chain involving a U.S. government contractor that worked with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and the FBI. # ⚓ Firms_Struggle_to_Secure_Multicloud Misconfigurations⠀⇛ Half of companies had at least one case of having all ports open to the public, while more than a third had an exposed database. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Cloudflare_says_it’s_time_to_end_CAPTCHA ‘madness’,_launches_new_security_key-based replacement⠀⇛ In a blog, Cloudflare says it aims to “get rid of CAPTCHAs completely” by replacing them with a new way to prove you are a human by touching or looking at a device using a system it calls “Cryptographic Attestation of Personhood.” Right now, it only supports a limited number of USB security keys like YubiKeys, but you can test Cloudflare’s system for yourself right now on the company’s website. # ⚓ Humanity_wastes_about_500_years_per_day on_CAPTCHAs._It’s_time_to_end_this madness⠀⇛ Today, we are launching an experiment to end this madness. We want to get rid of CAPTCHAs completely. The idea is rather simple: a real human should be able to touch or look at their device to prove they are human, without revealing their identity. We want you to be able to prove that you are human without revealing which human you are! You may ask if this is even possible? And the answer is: Yes! We’re starting with trusted USB keys (like YubiKey) that have been around for a while, but increasingly phones and computers come equipped with this ability by default. # ⚓ I_Have_a_Lot_to_Say_About_Signal’s Cellebrite_[Crack]⠀⇛ You may have seen a story in the news recently about vulnerabilities discovered in the digital forensics tool made by Israeli firm Cellebrite. Cellebrite’s software extracts data from mobile devices and generates a report about the extraction. It’s popular with law enforcement agencies as a tool for gathering digital evidence from smartphones in their custody. In April, the team behind the popular end-to-end encrypted (E2EE) chat app Signal published a blog post detailing how they had obtained a Cellebrite device, analyzed the software, and found vulnerabilities that would allow for arbitrary code execution by a device that’s being scanned with a Cellebrite tool. As coverage of the blog post pointed out, the vulnerability draws into question whether Cellebrite’s tools are reliable in criminal prosecutions after all. While Cellebrite has since taken steps to mitigate the vulnerability, there’s already been a motion for a new trial filed in at least one criminal case on the basis of Signal’s blog post. Is that motion likely to succeed? What will be the likely ramifications of Signal’s discovery in court cases? I think the impact on existing cases will be negligible, but that Signal has made an important point that may help push the mobile device forensics industry towards greater accountability for their often sloppy product security. Nevertheless, I have a raised eyebrow for Signal here too. Let’s dive in. # ⚓ Are_you_aware_what_you_lose_by_just clicking_OK_to_get_started_using something?⠀⇛ The right to privacy, the right to repair and the right to choose your tools for tasks at hand are aspects of the same. A new court ruling in Italy could help us regain righs that we were manipulated into giving up. # ⚓ Extracting_Data_from_Tracking_Devices⠀⇛ Many consumer personal tracking devices seem to have a shelf life of only a couple of years. So if you’re interested in keeping a long-term history of your progress, you have to figure out how to work around their apps to get your own data back from their servers. Otherwise, the day their app or servers stop working, your data will simply disappear. I’ve used two tracking devices where data was not easily exportable, the Microsoft Band (shut down May 2019), and the Hello Sense (shut down June 2017, and never sent the data export instructions that they said was forthcoming), so I’m documenting the process I went through to retrieve my own data in hopes it may be useful for others trying to do the same for other devices. # ⚓ As_Congress_Dithers,_States_Step_In_to Set_Rules_for_the_Internet⠀⇛ The moves are the result of an extraordinary legislative blitz by states to take on the power of the biggest tech companies. Over the past six months, Virginia, Arkansas, Florida and Maryland have been among at least 38 states that have introduced more than 100 bills to protect people’s data privacy, regulate speech policies and encourage tech competition, according to a tally by The New York Times. # ⚓ Apple_patent_filing_describes_improved Face_ID_biometrics_for_masked_users⠀⇛ The U.S. Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO) has recently published a continuation patent from Apple showing possible improvements to Face ID biometrics in relation to users wearing masks. Specifically, the technology described in the newly published biometric patent would use heat maps to assess the occlusion of landmarks on a user’s face in a captured image. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Since_Truman_First_Backed_Israel,_US_Jews_Have_Proved_They Are_Not_a_Monolith⠀⇛ # ⚓ War_and_More_War⠀⇛ Bases lead to wars, Vine writes. They are also a sneaky form of colonialism. As such, they are resented by the people in whose lands they are located. They are seen, rightly, as aggression. Understanding this response is particularly critical now, with the U.S. surrounding two nuclear powers, China and Russia with military bases. The argument that these bases are defensive in nature is risible, just as the dozens of bases surrounding Iran do little to promote peace. This is not an issue Biden campaigned on, but it surfaces from time to time, especially when a soldier or contractor in Iraq or Afghanistan gets injured or killed. Clearly the best way to prevent that from happening, to minimize it, is to close as many bases as possible and withdraw the soldiers. This is just simple self-interest. It sidesteps the bigger, moral question about what on earth the U.S. is doing placing its military in over 80 countries around the globe. The U.S. empire’s planetary network of military bases sends a message of bullying aggression to billions of earth’s inhabitants. It also costs a fortune at a time when funds could be better directed elsewhere, say to rental assistance or public health infrastructure at home. So it seemed timely, at this political juncture, when President Biden has announced a withdrawal from Afghanistan, to discuss with Vine the martial future and past of this very warlike U.S. empire. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Palestinian_Families_and_Children_are_Being Killed._Why_Is_It_So_Quiet?⠀⇛ “Many journalists and editors have come to understand that critical coverage of Israel can result at minimum in a professional headache, and at worst in career damage.” # ⚓ Opinion_|_End_Military_Aid_to_Israel⠀⇛ The United States government sometimes pretends to be an “honest broker” in the Middle East crisis. Truth is, we have our fat thumbs on the scale and everyone knows it. # ⚓ Nigeria’s_Boko_Haram_militants:_Six_reasons_they_have_not been_defeated⠀⇛ The military has managed to retake territory and dislodged the fighters from some of their hideouts. But a recent spike in deadly violence, focused in the north-east, where the Islamist group began its insurgency in 2009, has led many to ask what is at the root of the authorities’ failure. Already this year there have been nearly 100 attacks, according to one estimate, on both civilian and military targets. Hundreds have been killed and weapons, food and medicines have all been looted. There are six main reasons why Boko Haram has not been defeated despite the government claims, experts say. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Beijing_Ramps_up_Fake_Social_Media_Operation_Peddling_Pro- China_Propaganda_Overseas⠀⇛ The survey of journalists’ unions in 50 countries found that the CCP activated “existing infrastructure” in the wake of the pandemic, including training programs and sponsored trips for journalists, content sharing agreements feeding state-sponsored messages into news networks in other countries, and ownership of publishing platforms. China is coordinating and tailoring domestic and international content for each country in non- Anglophone languages,” the report said, adding that vacuums in overseas media coverage are increasingly being filled by Chinese state-approved content. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Hoover_Dam_Made_Life_in_the_West_Possible._Or_So_We Thought.⠀⇛ Beyond the Southwest, the message of a vast and fast-evaporating artificial lake is that we can’t engineer our way out of this problem. The region is a relic of an era of ingenuity, and promise. Hoover Dam, like its upstream companion that created Lake Powell, demonstrated American engineering muscle at the peak of its powers. The dams were built around the idea that we’re bigger than any obstacle of nature; we can dynamite, dig and fill our way into creating a hydraulic machine. And for more than 80 years, things have mostly worked as intended. As it flows for 1,450 miles from snowmelt in the high Rockies to a trickle in the Gulf of California, the Colorado River serves 40 million people. It meanders by fields, forests and cliffs in the upper basin and powers through Grand Canyon and other national parks in its lower half. But over the last century, natural flows have decreased by about 20 percent, largely because of climate change. So long as the world continues to warm, no amount of new dams can resuscitate a gasping resource. Doing all the right things — growing more food and building smarter communities with less water — can only go so far. # ⚓ Forked_Tongue:_Facebook_is_in_News_Corp’s_league_on subverting_climate_science⠀⇛ Facebook is up there with Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp when it comes to sowing the seeds of doubt about climate science, conducting just six fact checks a month on billions of posts per day. Elizabeth Minter reports. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Do_octopuses_have_souls?_“My_Octopus_Teacher”_and_the question_of_octopus_consciousness⠀⇛ This is evident in “My Octopus Teacher.” Our protagonist covers herself with various items on the sea floor to escape detection at a moment’s notice, uses Foster’s own body to capture prey and comes up with a particularly savvy strategy for surviving a shark attack. Nor is this type of behavior limited to Foster’s friend: A Roman historian in the third century AD wrote about the octopus’s “mischief and craft,” and scientists ever since have observed that these creatures can recognize individual human beings, store long-term memories and often behave quite differently from one another in similar situations. In other words: They seem to have individual personalities. # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ America’s_slowing_population_growth_puts_limits_on its_future⠀⇛ The U.S.’ sharply declining rate of population growth threatens to put an expiration date on a country built around a vision of endless reinvention. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Jobs_Report_Coverage_Lacked_Context,_Worker Perspective⠀⇛ Why is it such a bad thing that workers have increased economic options in the pandemic, putting them in a better bargaining position? o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Microsoft_Investigated_Bill_Gates_Before_He_Left_the_Board_ (Report)⠀⇛ Citing unnamed sources, The Journal reported online Sunday that board members looking into the matter hired a law firm in late 2019 to conduct an investigation after a Microsoft engineer alleged in a letter that she had a sexual relationship with Gates over several years. # ⚓ Bill_Gates_Left_Microsoft_Board_Amid_Probe_Into_Prior Relationship_With_Staffer⠀⇛ Microsoft Corp. board members decided that Bill Gates needed to step down from its board in 2020 as they pursued an investigation into the billionaire’s prior romantic relationship with a female Microsoft employee that was deemed inappropriate, people familiar with the matter said. Members of the board tasked with the matter hired a law firm to conduct an investigation in late 2019 after a Microsoft engineer alleged in a letter that she had a sexual relationship over years with Mr. Gates, the people said. During the probe, some board members decided it was no longer suitable for Mr. Gates to sit as a director at the software company he started and led for decades, the people said. Mr. Gates resigned before the board’s investigation was completed and before the full board could make a formal decision on the matter, another person familiar with the matter said. # ⚓ Microsoft_Conducted_Probe_on_Gates’s_Involvement_With Employee⠀⇛ The billionaire said in March last year that he was stepping down from the board to devote more time to philanthropy. Gates hasn’t been active in a day-to- day role since 2008, Microsoft said at that time. Gates co-founded the software company in 1975 and served as its CEO until 2000, the same year his foundation was started, and was chairman until February 2014. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Myanmar_junta_‘suspends_thousands_of_lecturers’⠀⇛ Thousands of university staff in Myanmar have been suspended by the country’s ruling junta, according to reports. There have been multiple reports of the mass barring of professors and lecturers from teaching positions in Myanmar since a military coup in February and the occupation of campuses in March. # ⚓ Thousands_suspended_at_Myanmar_universities_as_junta targets_education⠀⇛ Protesters daubed “We don’t want to be educated in military slavery” at the entrance of a school in the southern town of Mawlamyine last week, a phrase that has been echoed at demonstrations across Myanmar by students. o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ “Horrified”:_AP,_Al_Jazeera_condemn_Israel’s_bombing_of their_offices_in_Gaza⠀⇛ The Associated Press and Al Jazeera on Saturday condemned the Israeli airstrike that destroyed a high-rise building in Gaza that housed their and other media offices. What they’re saying: The White House, meanwhile, said it had “communicated directly to the Israelis that ensuring the safety and security of journalists and independent media is a paramount responsibility,” according to press secretary Jen Psaki. # ⚓ ‘Shocking_and_horrifying’:_Israel_destroys_AP_office_in Gaza⠀⇛ An Israeli airstrike on Saturday destroyed a high- rise building that housed The Associated Press office in the Gaza Strip, despite repeated urgent calls from the news agency to the military to halt the impending attack. AP called the strike “shocking and horrifying.” Twelve AP staffers and freelancers were working and resting in the bureau on Saturday afternoon when the Israeli military telephoned a warning, giving occupants of the building one hour to evacuate. Everyone was able to get out, grabbing a few belongings, before three heavy missiles struck the 12-story building, collapsing it into a giant cloud of dust. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Underage_marriages_increase_in_Lebanon_during_pandemic⠀⇛ In March, UNICEF put out a statement saying the pandemic could result in as many as 10 million more girls being put at risk of being married over the next decade worldwide. Although some young boys are forced into marriage, this problem mostly affects young girls. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ FTC_Affirms_Right_to_Repair_is_Right_for_Consumers⠀⇛ In a comprehensive rebuke of opposition arguments to Right to Repair, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) found “scant” evidence that repair should be restricted. The FTC studied the evidence and found next to nothing, except a single report of a battery fire in 2011 in Australia. One cell phone fire among billions for a ten year period is indeed “Scant.” Repair.org members were asked to testify—and we can all attest the thoroughness of the process. It is pure joy to see that our words were heard and that our arguments were persuasive. With 19 months of silence we’d no expectations of anything positive. The most exciting result of this report is the clear endorsement of state right to repair legislation as a suitable path forward. The path to passage in multiple states now appears wide open. The next few months will be very telling. OEM arguments against Right to Repair have been obliterated. If OEMS do not change their policies voluntarily, it appears the FTC is prepared to push forward using their existing authority. They may even engage in a formal rulemaking. At the same time, legislation that has been moving slowly in state legislatures has been invigorated. Had this report been available in January, several states with short sessions may have already passed “Right to Repair” laws by now. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ GOP_Legislators_Write_in_Opposition_to_Proposed_TRIPS Waiver [Ed: Donald Zuhn continues to show sociopathic tendencies; he's willing to kill millions of people needlessly just so that he and the rest of the patent cartel can make more money, and in the process helping more variants spread, making more "sales" of their products (or patent licensing). This is gross.]⠀⇛ Earlier this month, United States Trade Representative Katherine Tai announced “the Biden-Harris Administration’s support for waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines.” One day prior to Ambassador Tai’s announcement, a group of Republican legislators sent a letter to the Ambassador urging the Biden Administration to continue the United States’ opposition to the request by India, South Africa, and other nations to waive certain portions of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) for all members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The group asserted that “[t]he requested waiver is extraordinarily broad and unnecessary to accomplish the goal of giving as many people as possible access to vaccines and treatments for COVID-19, including in developing countries,” and argued that “the waiver would undermine the very innovation that has led to the record-breaking rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines already saving lives around the world, and it would not meaningfully improve vaccine availability.” Instead, the legislators suggested that the focus should be “overcoming the real obstacles faced by developing countries in accessing vaccines and treatments, which does not require waiving intellectual property (IP) rights.” # ⚓ The_Treasurer_says_his_‘patent_box’_will_boost innovation._The_evidence_says_it_won’t[Ed: Just patents as instrument of tax evasion for and by the rich, albeit disguised thinly as "innovation"; this is a scam]⠀⇛ On budget night federal Treasurer Josh Frydenberg announced Australia is getting its own “patent box”. What is a patent box? Despite its odd name, it is a relatively straightforward concept. It means lowering the tax rate on all income derived from patents registered in a nation. About half the members of the European Union, Britain and China are among those to adopt patent boxes in some form. Australia’s patent box scheme will initially be limited to medical and biotechnology patents, but with scope to expand it down the track. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Canada’s_Refusal_to_Waive_Intellectual Property_Rights_on_COVID-19_Vaccines_Should_Be_a_Crime Against_Humanity⠀⇛ The COVID-19 vaccine production process fails its own capitalist sniff test. # ⚓ It_is_simplistic_and_short-sighted_to_undermine Covid-19_patent_rights [Ed: "IP finance" wants to kill millions of people in order to make more money out of this current crisis, potentially setting off yet more crises with variants that help increase "sales"]⠀⇛ President Biden’s administration is making a major mistake by its top trade advisor, Katherine Tai, advocating a waiver of patent rights for Covid-19 vaccines. # ⚓ Covid:_US_backs_waiver_on_vaccine_intellectual property_–_Kluwer_Patent_Blog[Older] Covid: US backs waiver on vaccine intellectual property⠀⇛ But yesterday, the Biden administration announced it will support the idea. In a statement, US trade representative Katherine Tai wrote: “This is a global health crisis, and the extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic call for extraordinary measures. The Administration believes strongly in intellectual property protections, but in service of ending this pandemic, supports the waiver of those protections for COVID-19 vaccines. We will actively participate in text-based negotiations at the World Trade Organization (WTO) needed to make that happen. Those negotiations will take time given the consensus-based nature of the institution and the complexity of the issues involved. The Administration’s aim is to get as many safe and effective vaccines to as many people as fast as possible. As our vaccine supply for the American people is secured, the Administration will continue to ramp up its efforts – working with the private sector and all possible partners – to expand vaccine manufacturing and distribution. It will also work to increase the raw materials needed to produce those vaccines”, the statement added. # ⚓ Natco_Files_Compulsory_Licence_Application_for_Covid Drug_Baricitinib⠀⇛ In an interesting development, Natco has approached the Controller of Patents for a Compulsory Licence under Section 92 of the Patents Act, for the drug Baricitinib. The 12 page application is available here. Baricitinib is generally used to treat diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and has been “reportedly approved” (as per the application) for such use in EU and India in 2017 and 2018 respectively. The application goes on to quote studies that indicate the Baricitinib in combination with Remdesivir is more effective for patients with Covid 19, as compared to Remdesivir alone, with possibly less side effects as well (see Para 20-23). The application then points to the US FDA’s recent grant of Emergency Use Authorization for Baricitinib in combination with Remdesivir as of 19.11.2020, and that the dosage tends to be 1 tablet a day for up to 14 days. Natco was responsible for the first and only successful Compulsory License applicantion in India thus far, when they received one for Bayer’s Nexavar. The patent for Barcitinib is owned by Incyte Holdings Corporation, with a license to Eli Lilly, who markets it under name Olumiant. It is unclear whether Eli Lilly is the exclusive licensee or not. # ⚓ Indian-American_chemist Sumita_Mitra_finalist_for inventor_award-_The_New_Indian_Express [Ed: This may look or seem like news, but it's actually paid-for puff piece and EPO propaganda, designed for reputation laundering that keeps investigators at bay]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Indian_American_Chemist_Sumita_Mitra_Named_Finalist for_European_Inventor_Award [Ed: Notice how much junk the EPO’s management has littered the Web with, using over 10 million euros in media “awards” to help distract_from_EPO_crimes. It’s still rather outrageous that when famous Japanese and Spanish scientists died the EPO leapt to exploit their deaths, posthumously, to claim to ‘own’ them because of some awards given for public relations stunts. They’d even exploit the dead to distract from crimes.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ U.S._backs_waiving_patent_protections_for_Covid vaccines,_citing_global_health_crisis [Ed: Those who don't think it's a good thing are either employees/ lawyers of the patent holders or people simply misled by them (and media which they pay to lie to the public). The patent cartel around COVID-19 wants none of the risk (e.g. litigation from victims) and only the profits from the monopolies enabled by patents... how much should we pay them? Trillions? Much of the R&D was done at taxpayers' expense.]⠀⇛ The Biden administration announced Wednesday that it supports waiving intellectual property protections for Covid-19 vaccines, as countries struggle to manufacture the life-saving doses. “This is a global health crisis, and the extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic call for extraordinary measures. The Administration believes strongly in intellectual property protections, but in service of ending this pandemic, supports the waiver of those protections for COVID-19 vaccines,” United States Trade Representative Katherine Tai wrote in a statement. “As our vaccine supply for the American people is secured, the Administration will continue to ramp up its efforts — working with the private sector and all possible partners — to expand vaccine manufacturing and distribution. It will also work to increase the raw materials needed to produce those vaccines,” the statement added. # ⚓ U.S._wants_COVID_vaccine_patent_waiver_to_benefit world,_not_boost_China_biotech⠀⇛ The Biden administration is examining ways to ensure that a waiver of COVID-19 vaccine patents to aid poor countries will not hand sensitive U.S. biopharmaceutical technology to China and Russia, responding to a chorus of concerns, U.S. and industry officials say. President Joe Biden on Wednesday backed the U.S. entering negotiations at the World Trade Organization for the waiver of intellectual property rights as a means to boost vaccine supplies by allowing poorer countries to make their own. So far, vaccines have gone overwhelmingly to richer nations, which scooped up contracts for them earlier this year. COVID-19 infection rates in wealthy countries have dropped as vaccination rates increased this year, but infections are still rising in 36 countries, with India’s daily cases skyrocketing to nearly 400,000 a day. Western pharmaceutical companies, many of which have received government support to develop vaccines, strongly oppose the transfer of intellectual property to make them. They say poorer countries will be slow to set up manufacturing capacity and compete for scarce supplies, hitting production. # ⚓ Key_EU_countries_rebuff_Biden_on_sharing_COVID vaccine_patents [Ed: EU says, we’re even more racist than the US and we’d rather kill many poor people to make ourselves richer (also putting us at risk from variants, which will help sell more “products”)⠀⇛ European countries distanced themselves on Friday from a proposal backed by U.S. President Joe Biden to waive patent rights on coronavirus vaccines, arguing that key to ending the COVID-19 pandemic was making and sharing vaccines more quickly. French President Emmanuel Macron said the question of sharing patents was not the issue of the day, and called out Britain and the United States for blocking the export of vaccines and their ingredients to the wider world. Leaders of the 27-nation bloc were due to discuss the suggestion to share vaccine intellectual property at a two-day summit that opened in the Portuguese city of Porto on Friday, but they were divided on its usefulness. Experts say waivers could take years to negotiate, and would not address the immediate need to manufacture more doses fast. # ⚓ Pfizer_Canada_vaccine_lead_says_lifting_patents_isn’t solution_to_inequity [Ed: Pfizer as a bunch of racist sociopaths, eager to kill millions of vulnerable people just to prop up and keep artificially high the price of their stuff, even if it's barely original at all. Greed kills. These people have the audacity to show their cruelty in the media.]⠀⇛ The vaccine lead for Pfizer Canada says temporarily waiving intellectual property rights and patents isn’t the solution to COVID-19 vaccine inequity. “What you want to ensure is that you can produce these vaccines in sites that could do it effectively, rapidly with the resources that are being made available to do it,” Fabien Paquette, told CTV News Channel’s Power Play on Friday. # ⚓ Royalty_Rate_Determination_in_Patent_Infringement Cases:_The_U.S._and_China_Compared⠀⇛ Intellectual Property is the cornerstone for a thriving economy. Indeed, intellectual property protection is a major determinant of economic growth. One important part of this legal and economic environment is patent. Licensing plays an important role in patent as it is one of the methods by which an intellectual property owner can reap the benefits of his labor. This article will focus on determining royalty rates and damages in U.S. and China’s patent cases. While the article focuses on court decisions, it also reviews the different laws to see the manner in which these laws have played in the development of methods for calculating royalty rates and damages. There are different factors that may not allow for the adherence to a one-size fits all recipes for calculation of royalty rates and damages. Each country adopts its own methods. The remainder of the article is organized as follows. Section II of this article examines the different methos employed in the U.S. legal system to facilitate royalty rate and damage calculations for patents. This section examines methods such the 25 percent rule, Georgia-Pacific factors, reasonable royalty rate, the analytical approach, and the smallest salable practicing patent unit (SSPPU) method. Section III of this article looks at the Chinese model for damage calculations. The section explores China’s shift from the traditional framework for calculating damages in cases of infringement relying on actual compensation to statutory and punitive damages and the key factors that played in this transition towards. Section IV provides a set of conclusions. # ⚓ The_End_of_Intellectual_Property_Protections? [Ed: It's called patents, not "Intellectual Property", and patents are not a property anyway]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Producing_a_Vaccine_Requires_More_Than_a_Patent [Ed: Foreign Affairs goes out there shilling for the patent cartel and pushing the racist lie that poor countries cannot produce vaccines given the knowledge⠀⇛ # ⚓ Patents_Court_upholds_validity_of_second_medical_use patent_for_glaucoma_treatment [Ed: This is pushing the lie that very simple, trivial ideas are hard to come by and this patents on just about everything ought to exist]⠀⇛ This decision shows the court assessing patentability in a real-world practical context, recognising the uncertainties of R&D that only later may appear to have been obvious # ⚓ Oppositions_by_a_straw_person:_what_are_the_benefits? [Ed: As if it matters who challenges a fake patent if such a patent should not have been granted in the first place; patent officers just try to limit/restrict the possibility that their misconduct (it's EPO in this case) will be exposed en masse]⠀⇛ A straw person opposition allows a European patent to be challenged by proxy without the real challenger’s identity becoming known to the patentee. In European patent oppositions, the term “straw person”, is used to describe a person, natural or legal, who files an opposition against a patent on behalf of a third party, with the third party, the real opponent, remaining anonymous throughout the proceedings. It was clarified, in the Enlarged Board of Appeal’s decisions G 3/97 and G 4/97, that such oppositions were admissible provided that there was no circumvention of the law by an abuse of process. Examples of such abuses would be the patent proprietor opposing its own patent or someone acting as a straw person in order to circumvent the requirements for qualification to act as a professional representative before the European Patent Office. # ⚓ Pitch_perfect:_investors_reveal_what_they_want_in_an IP_portfolio [Ed: Imagine working for a publication where you refer to extortion with terms like "Pitch perfect"]⠀⇛ Sources from four Silicon Valley venture capitalist funds share their dos and don’ts for in-house counsel looking to pitch a life sciences start-up company # ⚓ Three_IP_attachés_explain_how_they_help_companies abroad [Ed: Charlotte Kilpatrick keeps using misnomers like "IP" (like the employer's site), which are designed to mislead. Maybe speak to people outside the patent microcosm to understand how the world really works, really thinks, and what society really needs]⠀⇛ US and UK attachés from Southeast Asia and China explain how their offices assist companies and support those looking to protect their IP abroad # ⚓ Clearing_the_Air:_Patent_Protection_Strategies_for Carbon_Capture_Technologies [Ed: Also here. This debunks much of the greenwashing because patent monopolies on such things only put us at greater risk. If we want clean air, then we need fewer patents, not more of them.]⠀⇛ Carbon capture technologies generally pertain to the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) by certain materials or systems. Such materials or systems can then process the captured CO2 in various manners, such as through storage at a remote site, chemical conversion, or secondary uses. In view of global efforts to reduce CO2 emissions, carbon capture technologies have found numerous commercial applications. Patent protection can help facilitate and incentivize such commercialization efforts by providing exclusivity. # ⚓ MediciNova_Secures_European_Patent_for_MN-166_Plus Riluzole [Ed: The picture in this article gives it away; the author does not know or understand that EPO is not EU and isn't even covering the same countries. When you write puff pieces for a living you do not need to understand what you write about (better this way, less guilt) as the goal is to mindlessly print lies and distortions, distracting from the actual facts or information. The latter is in the profitable activity. The lying. Understanding stands in the way of printing lies, so the less clueless the puff pieces writer (e.g. just an English degree and no experience whatsoever in the subject covered), the more adequate the job. No guilt, no challenge. Print, then forgot about it.]⠀⇛ The European Patent Office will grant MediciNova a patent that covers the combination of MN-166 (ibudilast) and riluzole for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), MediciNova announced. # ⚓ What_a_DoJ_website_change_means_for_Biden’s_SEP policy [Ed: SEP is a misnomer used of people in the pockets of over-encompassing extortion parties, such as those which fund this publisher]⠀⇛ The Department of Justice’s antitrust division could be more sympathetic to implementers, but it’s still too early to tell, say industry and law firm sources # ⚓ Discovery_of_Prior_Settlement_Agreements_and_Common Interest_Privilege⠀⇛ The Federal Circuit denied MFA’s petition for mandamus on a discovery dispute, and Chief Judge Prost but wrote an interesting short opinion explaining the panel’s reasoning. In the case, MFA has asserted its U.S. Patent No. 9,886,421 that covers a method of displaying “non-standard fonts” on your handheld device when accessing a network- document. [...] In its opinion, the court did not fully decide the issue of common interest privilege in the settlement context, but noted that the Federal Circuit has previously declined to recognize the form of privilege. See In re MSTG, Inc., 675 F.3d 1337 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (holding that pre-settlement communications were not privileged). The court went on to note that even if common interest privilege were adopted in this context, the parties must still show that the withheld documents are “communications by a client to an attorney made in order to obtain legal assistance from the attorney in his capacity as a legal advisor.” The outcome here makes sense and also begs the question — why is MFA trying to hide its prior settlement agreements? # ⚓ Fed._Circ._Punts_On_PTAB_Bias_Issue,_Remands_Under Arthrex [Ed: Patent maximalists and their captured publications can't stop pushing the lie or false narrative that panels which throw out fake patents are "biased" or "improperly-appointed" or whatever; the power of lobbying is the power to corrupt and distort perceptions]⠀⇛ =The Federal Circuit on Thursday chose not to weigh in on whether Patent Trial and Appeal Board judges are biased against patent owners for financial reasons, instead sending a casino game maker’s case back to the board for a new hearing under Arthrex. In a precedential opinion, the panel said that New Vision Gaming & Development Inc. can get a rehearing at the PTAB, where SG Gaming Inc. had previously shown that two patents were invalid in covered business method reviews. New Vision hadn’t waived its argument that the PTAB judges were unconstitutionally appointed under the Federal Circuit’s Arthrex ruling, it… # ⚓ ‘Concerns_became_reality’,_Samsung_sued_for_patents sold_by_LG [Ed: The patent systems for patents- exploiting parasites that don't actually make anything]⠀⇛ While Samsung Electronics was recently involved in a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States related to smartphone wireless charging, it was confirmed that the patent in question was bought from LG by a European Patent Troll company earlier this year. In the industry, it is pointed out that while LG Electronics officially announced the withdrawal of the smartphone business, concerns that the sale of LG Group’s patent portfolio could return to the domestic industrial ecosystem as a boomerang has become a reality. # ⚓ Population_of_Patents_at_Risk_from_Proposed_WTO Patent_Waiver [Ed: Referring to patents instead of people as "population"; the truly sick and sociopathic minds of patent zealots...]⠀⇛ Dennis Crouch, our colleague at Patently-O, tweeted last week that there have been 148 U.S. patents granted having disclosure related to (COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2); see Search of U.S Patent and Trademark Office Patent Full-Text and Image Database and # ⚓ Pharma_slams_Biden_waiver_support_that_‘causes_more problems’ [Ed: Sociopaths and their publishers (like Patrick Wingrove) fume at the possibility of saving the lives of millions of people at the expense of massive vaccine profits; sites like Managing IP never bothered speaking to anyone about COVID patent waivers, other than the sociopaths who fund the site. They're not journalists but paid-for propagandists of enemies of society, lacking empathy.]⠀⇛ Five in-house counsel from generic and innovator drug firms say an IP waiver won’t solve the COVID crisis and will likely undermine vaccine confidence # ⚓ This_week_in_IP:_pharma_slams_waiver,_Brazil_cuts patent_terms_retroactively,_Beverly_Hills_loses_polo mark_case [Ed: The paid-for liars from Managing IP ignore the views of like 95% of this planet and push the self-serving lies of greedy pharmaceutical giants that profit more if more people die from COVID and it mutates further. Some "professional writers" are almost literally in the job or writing loads of lies to kill lots and lots of people for somebody's financial gain. The same somebody that funds those writers.]⠀⇛ In response to the Biden administration’s backing of an intellectual property waiver for COVID vaccines, five in-house counsel at generic and innovator drug makers told Managing IP this week that such a waiver not only wouldn’t work but would undermine global vaccine confidence. “If you open up the IP to the world, you’ll have organisations taking up production that aren’t ready to do it in a quality-focused manner,” said the chief IP counsel at a pharma company that produces generic and branded therapeutics, as well as ventilators. “If that happens, people will start to lose confidence in the vaccines.” They noted that the industry is already on track to make 10 billion to 12 billion vaccine doses by the end of the year, long before any supposed benefit of an IP waiver would be seen. # ⚓ Sen._Daines_Urges_Biden_Administration_to_Withdraw Support_for_COVID-19_IP_Waiver [Ed: Donald Zuhn still lobbying to kill millions of poor people in order to boost the profit of companies he is professionally connected to. Cold-hearted patent maximalists only care about money, not people.]⠀⇛ Yesterday, Sen. Steve Daines (R-MT) wrote to President Joseph Biden to share his concerns regarding the Biden Administration’s support for waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines and urge the President to reconsider his position on the proposed waiver. In his letter, Sen. Daines (at right) asserted that “[s]uspending World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations to protect IP on COVID-19 vaccines would not only fail to significantly speed up vaccine distribution to the rest of the world, but it would set a dangerous precedent on IP protection at the international level and undermine American innovation.” Sen. Daines also argued that the proposed waiver would “provide[] for a technological windfall for adversaries such as China and Russia by giving away IP that has taken years of hard work and ingenuity by American scientists, not to mention billions in American investment, to perfect.” # ⚓ Science_Does_Not_Support_the_Latest_COVID_Hysteria [Ed: Hysteria is common among patent maximalists like Kevin E. Noonan, seeing that the Biden administration is willing to bin the harmful patents]⠀⇛ In a time of a global pandemic, with antivaxxer and anti-science sentiments running rife, and when combinations of fear, distrust, and paranoia are rampant, it is easy for important results from basic science to become fodder inaccurately supporting the doomsday memes that abound. This is the story of a scientific paper from two eminent scientists that, properly understood, explains a puzzling aspect of SARS-CoV- 2 biology in COVID-19 patients: why can viral genetic information be detected in some patients months after they have recovered from their illness, using sensitive testing (polymerase chain reaction, or PCR; for reference see CSI). As it turns out, it is not evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is manmade, or that the various vaccines against the disease are toxic or disease-causing, or that (as Senator Rand Paul (R-TN) is (in)famous for charging) Dr. Anthony Fauci supported “gain- of-function” research in Wuhan China and then tried to cover it up. There are plenty of websites having that content; here we will strive to stick to the facts. # ⚓ Vaccine_platforms_and_limited_global_production capacity:_what_is_to_be_done? [Ed: Pretending vaccines can't be made due to insurmountable shortages of supplies rather than patent cartels that profit when more people die and access to medicine is artificially limited]⠀⇛ “No one is safe till everyone is safe” was the rallying call of the WHO and EU in April 2020, when the role of international cooperation in the rapid diagnosis and development of vaccines was seen as vital to the fight against the pandemic. Yet today, 47 of the 79 low and lower-middle income countries have yet to vaccinate anyone. Recently, poor countries have won the backing of the US for IP waiver on the new vaccines at the WTO, although it does not cover Covid treatment drugs and equipment as originally requested in the TRIPS waiver. Will the waiver help and what might constitute a way forward? In this blog, I will highlight the role of limited global production capacity for the new biological vaccines and argue that reform of compulsory licensing under TRIPS, the key international agreement that covers IP, offers the best way forward to boost vaccine production. Traditionally, vaccines are virus-based or protein-based, and the majority of vaccines in use (such as for polio and small pox) are based on inactivated or attenuated viruses. As this technology is well understood, there is widespread production capacity for such traditional vaccine platforms (both the Chinese Sinopharm and Indian Covaxin vaccines are of this type). # ⚓ Damages_for_patent_infringement:_the_Chinese perspective⠀⇛ Like the legal approaches in the U.S. and EU, the traditional framework for calculating patent damages in cases of infringement in China is multifaceted and founded on actual compensation. However, in practice, China tends to rely on statutory damages rather than assessed compensatory damages. According to research at Zhongnan University, 97.25% of all patent infringement judgments awarded are statutory damages, thus making it nigh on impossible to properly analyze patterns in judicially imposed royalty rates. Despite that US. patent law does not provide for statutory damages in patent cases, the “25% rule of thumb”, [i.e., a fixed ratio of 25:75 for determining a baseline royalty, related respectively to the licensor and the actual or potential licensee and litigation damages] is, in fact, not meaningfully different from a “statutory damages” rule, and the use of statutory damages in China is, for similar reasons, namely simplicity and clarity. [...] As a significant further step towards deterrence, the 2021 reforms in China will introduce punitive damages for the first time. Starting June 2021, Chinese law will allow the judge to award up to five times the original compensation (the benefits of the infringer or the losses of the patentee) in punitive damages if he/she deems that the infringement is intentional and serious in terms of size, duration, and geographical location. This mirrors the U.S. remedy of ‘enhanced damages’ allowed under the Patent Reform Act of 2009, even if, in the U.S., enhanced damages are based on a multiple of three, not five. Picture on right is by Savannah Grandfather and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Picture on left is by Mr. priono and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. # § Software Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ EPO:_Enlarged_Board_considers_patentability_of simulations [Ed: Managing IP is now running sponsored posts for law firms that push illegal software patents, citing a stacked court that nowadays operates in direct violation of the EPC. People may think they read news, but actually this is illegal agenda.]⠀⇛ The Enlarged Board of Appeal (EBA) has issued its long-awaited decision in Case No. G1/19 concerning assessment of inventive step of computer-implemented simulation methods. The patent application in suit relates to simulation of the movement of a pedestrian through an environment with a view to design a building where a crowd can move efficiently. # ⚓ MySize_Granted_European_Patent_For_Handheld Measurement_Tech [Ed: "MySizeID's proprietary algorithms" means we're talking about software patents here, but the corrupt EPO grants such fake patents regardless]⠀⇛ MySize, Inc (the “Company” or “My Size”) (NASDAQ: MYSZ) (TASE: MYSZ), the developer and creator of e-commerce measurement solutions, today announced the publication of the decision to grant by the European Patent Office for its application, titled: “System for and a method of measuring a path length using a handheld electronic device.” The patent issuance paves the way for greater European adoption of MySizeID, which enables shoppers to visualize how clothing will look on them in a much more interactive way, driving engagement and conversions. [...] The patent application encompasses the methods and systems for measuring a body part of a user via a handheld electronic device. MySizeID’s proprietary algorithms leverage the smartphone’s built-in sensors and fuse the data produced with anthropometric data. # ⚓ Fed._Circ._affirms_mixed_ruling_on_VoIP_patent in_Apple-Uniloc_fight [Ed: While it’s tempting to always antagonise Apple, in this case it’s a malicious_patent_troll with software patents and thus it needs to lose]⠀⇛ Apple Inc has fended off a challenge at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to a largely favorable ruling from the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, which had invalidated parts of a patent that Uniloc 2017 LLC had accused Apple of infringing with its FaceTime technology. Circuit Judge William Bryson, writing for a three-judge panel on Wednesday, rejected Uniloc’s attempt to revive parts of the patent as well as Apple’s request to cancel others based on an earlier patent that disclosed a similar system. Apple’s attorney Kevin Prussia of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr declined to comment on the ruling. Jim Etheridge of Etheridge Law Group, who represented Uniloc, didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment. # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Finland_introduces_administrative_proceeding_for partial_revocation_of_trade_names⠀⇛ The amendment came into effect on 1 May 2021 and aims to address the problem of overly broad trade name registrations. In Finland it is possible to register trade names for a broad (in fact unlimited) line of business such as “general business line” (“yleistoimiala”) or “all legal activity” (“kaikki laillinen toiminta”). As the Finnish Office examines relative rights ex officio, prior trade name registrations are often cited as an obstacle to registration. Until now, it was only possible to revoke a trade name due to non- use when the name was not in use at all for the preceding five years. The amendment makes it possible to file an action for partial revocation of a trade name due to non-use. It also introduces of the possibility to file a revocation action due to non-use before the Finnish Patent and Registration Office. Until now, a civil action in the Market Court has been the only option. Administrative proceedings are usually simpler and cheaper. # ⚓ Sherlock_Systems_C.V._v_Apple_Inc._[KEYNOTE]_–_R- 2642/2017-1 [Ed: Keynote is a generic word predating Apple as a company]⠀⇛ In a recent decision by the First Board of Appeal, Gleissner’s Sherlock Systems satisfied the test for abusive practice in its attempted revocation of the mark, KEYNOTE. Gleissner is infamous within IP circles for his large portfolio of domain names, companies and trade marks, with seemingly little to no goodwill as a foundation. The strategy begins with an offensive action against a trade mark. Upon a defence from the rights owner, multiple actions across the portfolio are initiated, multiplying the burden on the proprietor for response and evidence submission. Previous cases have shown Gleissner to propose a transfer of the initial mark for a relatively small fee. The end goal being a forcible transfer of the mark from the proprietor to Gleissner. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Creative_Commons,_commercial_use,_and_NFTs⠀⇛ Welcome to this week’s edition of “Weird NFT questions nobody had thought about before last month”. In this week’s edition, we have an interesting development in the interface between NFTs and Creative Commons licences. # ⚓ The_Extradition_of_Megaupload’s_People_and International_Obligations_for_Criminal_Liability_for Copyright_Infringement [Ed: United States as international copyright police on behalf of its oligarchs. Imagine that...]⠀⇛ In late 2020, the Supreme Court of New Zealand gave judgment on copyright aspects of the dispute on whether Kim Dotcom and other’s involved in the Megagroup businesses should be extradited from New Zealand to the United States because of criminal copyright infringement. This episode, in a case which has involved multiple legal contests, was focused on whether the copyright causes of action could amount to criminal liability under section 131 of New Zealand’s Copyright Act 1994. If any of the defendants are to be extradited to the United States, there must be “double-criminality”, meaning the possibility of criminal offences in both jurisdictions (at [148]. Six out of the thirteen criminal charges were relevant to copyright and included infringement by “distributing a copyright work being prepared for commercial distribution on a computer network”, “infringement by electronic means” and “aiding and abetting criminal copyright infringement” (at [230]). [...] The alleged criminal activities of the Megagroup, broadly, are based on making or dealing with “infringing copies” that are “digital files” (at [288] and [294]-[296]). The Court did not consider that the interpretation of what amounted to a digital file was affected by the introduction of NZ’s WCT compliant communication right (at [302]). There is some discussion in the judgment about the differences between communication and distribution and the “umbrella solution” of the WCT. However, the Court concluded that the WCT does not affect the TRIPS obligation to provide criminal penalties (at [312]). The Court’s approach to treaty interpretation is an unfortunate simplification of an overlapping treaty problem. The full complement of exclusive rights and enforcement obligations are not found in a single treaty. The TRIPS Agreement does not include the communication right except in the limited forms of communication that are part of the Berne Convention, which is incorporated into TRIPS. The WCT does not have express criminal enforcement obligations, as the Supreme Court acknowledged (at [312]). The Supreme Court did not analyse whether the TRIPS obligation to have criminal remedies in cases of commercial piracy applies not only to the TRIPS rights, but also to those in the WCT. The Court assumed that the TRIPS obligation extends to the WCT. This appears to be because the Court accepted the US submission that to not interpret the criminal provisions as applying to “digital infringing copies… would put New Zealand in breach of its TRIPS obligations” (at [280]). It is easy to accept that is the case where the digital files violate a TRIPS right, but the path of treaty analysis is different for violating a right that is found and detailed outside of TRIPS, such as in the WCT. There is a strong argument that the TRIPS remedies’ obligations do not extend to post-TRIPS treaty obligations precisely because they were not negotiated for and agreed to in TRIPS. This was not the argument that Kim Dotcom et al made – rather they tried to limit the interpretation of the NZ legislation on the basis that the WCT provided a cap on the application of criminal liability (at [274]- [279]). As a matter of treaty interpretation that argument is wrong, most obviously because, as stated by Article 1.1 of TRIPS, “more extensive protection” at national law is an option. # ⚓ Around_the_IP_Blogs⠀⇛ International obligations for criminal liability for copyright infringement were discussed from a New Zealand angle on the Kluwer Copyright Blog, especially in relation to whether Kim Dotcom (and others) should be extradited to the US on the basis of providing a platform for copyright-infringing file sharing. # ⚓ YouTube’s_Takedown_Numbers_are_a_Mystery,_But Content-ID_is_a_‘Cash_Cow’⠀⇛ Google transparently reports the billions of copyright takedown requests it receives for its search engine. However, finding out how many videos are flagged and removed on YouTube appears to be quite the challenge. We gave it a go nonetheless and can also conclude that the Content ID system is a cash cow. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 7925 ➮ Generation completed at 02:42, i.e. 113 seconds to (re)generate ⟲