𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Thursday, July 29, 2021
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Generated Fri 30 Jul 02:39:53 BST 2021
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
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Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/


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╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⦿ Crying “Wolf!” About Systemd is Only Beneficial to IBM and Systemd Developers/Pushers | Techrights

⦿ European Patent Office is Going on Strike (or Strikes) | Techrights

⦿ GitHub is Racism | Techrights

⦿ IRC Proceedings: Wednesday, July 28, 2021 | Techrights

⦿ The OSI’s Defunct Elections (Privacy Breach), Conflict of Interest (Nicholson), and Other Lingering Problems | Techrights

⦿ [Meme] OSI is Doing Just Fine | Techrights

⦿ The OSI Song | Techrights

⦿ [Meme] No Crime Goes Unrewarded at the EPO | Techrights

⦿ [Meme] António Lost His Power Over Patent Examiners | Techrights

 ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/crying-wolf-systemd/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/epo-stricken/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/github-is-racism/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/irc-log-280721/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-privacy-issues/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-repurposed/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-song/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/rewarded-for-participation-in-epo-crimes/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/stress-at-epo/#comments

 ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/audacity-3-0-3/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/mesa-21-2-rc3/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/siduction-2021-2/#comments

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 73

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/crying-wolf-systemd/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/crying-wolf-systemd/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Crying_“Wolf!”_About_Systemd_is_Only_Beneficial_to_IBM_and_Systemd
Developers/Pushers⠀✐


Posted in GNU/Linux, IBM, Kernel, Microsoft, Red_Hat at 4:50 am by Dr. Roy
Schestowitz


Video_download_link | md5sum dfb6c8618976a1acd9504672379b8cbf


http://techrights.org/videos/systemd-sheep-clothing.webm


Summary: Microsoft controls Systemd only to the extent that Systemd is
controlled by GitHub, which is in turn controlled by Microsoft; But Systemd has
long been on that proprietary platform (its developers don’t truly value
software freedom) and this has long been a problem, even before Microsoft
hijacked_it_for_coercive_power


THE position or stance we maintain/hold/have regarding IBM is negative enough
already and it’s based on hard facts, not gut feelings and/or speculations; so
suffice to say we’re Systemd sceptics. Even worse than sceptics since well
before IBM bought Red Hat. For the same reasons we implored Red Hat’s software
patents for over a decade (IBM lobbies for such patents) and expressed
concerns/reservations regarding Red Hat’s monopolistic tendencies.


But having said that, there’s a danger that everything negative being said
about Systemd will be accepted as true, irrespective of underlying facts.
Falsehoods or false claims won’t help us. To make matters worse, they open up
the possibility/ies of straw man arguments from people whom we criticise — in
the same way Bill Gates likes to pretend that all his critics are just envious
“conspiracy theorists”.


So anyway, cutting to the chase, judging by comments and articles in Phoronix
(a site we support with growing_caution), including this_morning’s_headline
that_starts_with_“Systemd/Microsoft” (it’s discussed in the video above), one
might think that Systemd is some evil plot from Microsoft, but that’s clearly
not the case. However, this is where discussions seem to go or eventually
gravitate towards.


“I’m a lot more concerned about full-time Microsoft staff managing Linus
Torvalds at the Linux Foundation and Microsoft’s Levin announcing all the
stable kernel releases several weeks ago (when Greg K-H was on holiday/break…
maybe ill).”I actually examined the claim more than a month ago (32 days ago)
when I first saw it, but there was barely any smoke, let alone a fire. I’m a
lot more concerned about full-time Microsoft staff managing Linus Torvalds at
the Linux_Foundation and Microsoft’s Levin announcing all the stable kernel
releases several weeks ago (when Greg K-H was on holiday/break… maybe ill).
Torvalds should never be bossed by people who are in turn bossed by sociopaths
from Microsoft. We need to put things in perspective and check whether we risk
moving adrift (and away from the legitimate and most pressing issues).


This isn’t limited to software by the way. To borrow one example, we’ve already
witnessed EPO propaganda claiming that EPO critics (who condemn EPO management)
are nationalists or Nazis or something totally insane. We even saw claims about
“Russia” (as if Russia runs the world and is hiding behind every corner/under
every rock).


Let’s not walk into unsupported territories. █



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 152

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/epo-stricken/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/epo-stricken/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ European_Patent_Office_is_Going_on_Strike_(or_Strikes)⠀✐


Posted in Europe, Patents at 10:17 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


“From now on SUEPO can again call for strike without undue restrictions to put
emphasis to our claims,” says the Staff Union of the European Patent Office
(SUEPO)


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_going_on_Strike⦈_


Summary: The staff of the EPO is ready to strike like never before
(dissatisfaction and outrage over 8 years of gross injustice, namely
Battistelli’s breach of fundamental rights, including the right to strike)


THERE IS SOME GOOD news, for a change, from EPOnia today. This may help explain
the_recent_PR_flood (which intensified a lot since the_ILO-AT_ruling, with lots
of recycled fluff rather than actual news). Surely the management of the EPO
(Team Campinos, which still includes many friends of Benoît_Battistelli) knew
this was coming?


SUEPO Central, the main branch of the EPO’s staff union, has circulated the
following message: “On 7 July 2021, the Tribunal ruled that the EPO strike
regulations put in place since 1 July 2013 created a regime placing several
limitations on the exercise of the right to strike which, at least as to
Circular 347, was unlawful because it violated the fundamental right to strike
(Judgment 4430). Judgment 4435 confirmed that salary deductions at the amount
of 1/20th for absences on strike were unlawful and of a punitive character.”


“Judgment 4433 ruled that SUEPO’s call for strike on 2 July 2013 was lawful and
strike participation could thus not be treated as unauthorised absence. The
Tribunal furthermore considered the letter sent to the complainant, informing
him that his absence was treated as unauthorised absence and that future
unauthorised absences would lead to disciplinary action, to involve an attempt
to stifle, by threat, the exercise of the lawful right to strike and that the
Principal Director Human Resources (Ms Bergot at the material time, and
nowadays Chief Policy Officer) acted without authority when sending the letter.


“Judgments 4432 and 4434 confirmed that Mr Battistelli abused his power when
deciding not to hold or to delay strike ballots (IFLRE and UNITY).


“After 8 years of breach of a fundamental right at the EPO (including 3 years
under the mandate of Mr Campinos), it is now up to Mr Campinos to take the
consequences and to repair the damage done to the Organization.”


As a reminder, last December half_of_the_EPO's_workers_in_Vienna_went_on_strike
along_with_about_1,500_colleagues. Expect future strikes to be vastly broader
because the intimidation prospects have been reduced. Deterrents and threats
from the “Mafia” will put the Office at risk of losing its immunity for good.


Anyway, the accompanying_long_letter/publication from SUEPO seems like it took
quite some time to carefully prepare and sensibly word. It is a detailed
breakdown and analysis of cases, as promised_weeks_ago.


What will the AC (Administrative Council) do? Whose side will it take? █


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Battistelli_breach_of_a_fundamental_right⦈_


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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣴⣶⣶⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡿⣿⣆⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣾⣿⣿⣶⣾⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠆⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⢧⣾⣿⣿⣇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠽⢏⡛⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⣍⣛⣛⣻⠿⢟⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⣠⣶⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣀⣠⣄⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⡀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣥
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣐⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⡟⠿⠿⠿⠟⢿⢛⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⠒⡖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⡖⠔⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⠢⠐⠒⠄⡏⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⢹⠋⠛⢻⠛⠙⡟⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⢹⠛⠛⠋⠛⡟⠛⡟⠛⠛⢻⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⡟⠋⠙⡟⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⠉⣁⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡏⣉⣁⣹⣉⣿⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⢉⣉⡉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⢙⣏⣹⣉⣈⣏⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣤⡤⣨⣧⣤⡤⣼⣤⣤⣽⢤⣥⣼⡤⡤⣼⡧⣤⢽⣤⢤⠤⣼⣯⣤⣭⣤⣿⣬⣤⢬⣤⣤⣽⣤⣤⡬⢧⢬⣼⣇⣤⣤⣿⢤⣠⠤⣥⣬⣤⡠⣤⣥⣯⣤⣬⡤⢤⣤⣸⢿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⠤⠴⠦⠤⢤⠼⠤⠤⡤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⠤⠤⠿⡤⠼⠤⠤⡤⠤⠧⠴⠤⠤⠤⠼⠤⠤⡼⠤⡤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠼⠤⠤⠼⡦⠤⠤⠤⠴⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⠤⠧⠤⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠆⠒⡖⠖⠒⡶⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠖⠚⡞⠖⠒⡖⠖⡖⠞⠒⠖⣶⣒⠲⢲⠖⠒⠒⠖⠰⡶⠓⡖⠳⢲⠖⠒⠒⡖⠖⠲⠒⠒⠒⠲⢲⠒⠒⢰⠒⠐⢲⠒⠲⠒⠒⢶⠶⠲⠖⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢚⠚⠙⠑⣪⠛⠃⠁⠂⠒⠊⠚⠃⠙⠙⠒⠉⠛⢣⡗⢓⠉⠓⡟⡛⢛⠚⠑⠐⠒⠛⠖⠛⠚⡃⠙⠊⡞⠚⡞⠓⠓⠛⠚⠚⠚⠂⠚⠛⠃⡎⡓⡟⠚⠛⠛⠐⠃⡎⠒⡎⠘⢚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣸⣈⣉⣉⠉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣏⣉⣇⣉⣹⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣁⣉⣭⣁⣉⣹⣨⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣏⣁⣇⣉⣉⣹⢈⣉⣹⣈⣉⣉⣉⣹⣈⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣄⣤⣄⣼⣄⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣌⣧⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣄⣤⣴⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣧⣤⣤⣄⣠⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢲⠲⠒⠖⠒⠒⠓⠒⢒⠒⠓⠲⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠖⠒⠀⠒⡚⠒⠒⠒⠖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠶⠒⢺⠒⠃⠒⠒⠂⠰⠂⠒⡖⠚⠒⠓⠒⠒⢒⠖⠒⠒⠒⡞⠒⡖⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣝⠋⠋⠉⢉⢉⢙⢹⣙⠉⡉⡏⡋⣉⠋⢉⠛⣉⡏⠙⢉⠋⣏⠉⡏⢙⡋⠉⢉⢙⠉⢋⠙⢙⠉⠋⠛⢻⠉⡏⠋⢙⡉⠋⡉⠉⢙⣛⠉⢉⣕⢉⣏⠉⣙⢑⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢼⢤⣤⢤⠤⢄⠤⣤⡼⣤⢥⠧⣦⢤⠥⣤⡼⣬⣤⣤⣼⢤⢤⣤⢤⡬⠤⣤⣌⢤⡤⣬⠤⣤⣤⣤⡼⣤⡤⣧⠤⣠⡤⣤⢤⢥⣼⡤⠬⡤⣀⣤⡬⣼⠤⣤⣤⡽⣤⠤⢬⣤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠾⠠⠼⡄⠤⡴⠤⠌⠇⢤⡜⠴⢤⠼⠴⠤⠄⠶⠦⠤⠶⣤⠤⠾⢤⡦⠤⠤⠸⠤⠆⣤⠢⠦⠼⠤⠤⠤⣤⠄⠤⣤⠀⠣⡰⣤⠸⠤⢦⠤⠼⣴⠢⢴⠤⠤⠤⢶⡄⠰⠆⠜⠼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠛⠒⢲⠒⠚⠓⠐⠚⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠛⠒⠒⠚⠓⠒⠒⠲⠒⡆⠛⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛⠒⠒⠛⠒⠛⠒⠛⡖⠒⠚⠒⠒⡚⠒⢺⠒⠒⠒⠚⠓⠒⠐⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣋⣉⢈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣈⣏⣹⣉⣉⣉⡙⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣏⣙⣉⣁⣉⣉⣋⣹⣊⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣈⣹⣉⣉⣏⣈⣈⡉⣏⣉⣫⣉⣇⣁⣹⣉⣉⣉⣋⣈⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⢈⣉⣉⣙⣅⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⠻⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠒⡆⠐⠒⠐⠛⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠛⠛⠛⠉⢻⠛⠛⠙⠛⠉⠛⠛⠉⢻⠙⡏⠛⠛⠛⠙⡛⢙⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⢛⠫⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⡟⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣏⣙⣉⣉⢹⣉⣉⣉⣙⣏⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣋⣉⣉⣏⣉⡏⣉⡉⣉⣉⣈⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⡋⣉⣉⣉⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣁⣉⣈⣇⣉⣍⣈⣨⣉⣁⣈⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⢿⠿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⠗⠶⠼⠴⠴⠤⠴⢤⠶⠤⢼⠦⠧⠴⠦⠤⠦⠧⠴⠦⠤⠦⠴⡴⠄⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⠴⠦⠶⠧⢴⠼⠤⠤⠦⠤⠤⠤⠶⠶⢶⠰⠤⠴⠴⠦⠴⣤⣴⣴⣴⣤⣴⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣧⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣥⣴⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⢛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⢿⠛⠛⢻⠛⠟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣉⣉⣋⣉⣋⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⢋⡹⣏⣉⣉⣉⢉⣏⣙⣏⣉⣹⣏⣉⣉⣉⣋⣹⣉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣻⣉⢋⣉⣉⣽⣿⣉⣁⣹⣉⣉⣻⢉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣋⣸⣏⣉⣉⣉⣹⣏⣉⣏⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣇⣹⣩⣩⣉⣉⣉⣀⣁⣉⣇⣌⣹⣩⣁⣨⣹⣉⣉⣉⣈⣀⣉⣁⣻⣀⣉⣯⣅⣁⣁⣈⣉⣏⣥⣥⣉⣁⣉⣭⣍⣁⣉⣨⣌⣡⣈⣩⣉⣉⣈⣸⣀⣈⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣇⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣡⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣬⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⠛⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⢿⡟⠻⢿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠻⡿⠟⡟⠻⢿⠻⠻⠿⠿⠟⡟⠿⠿⠿⠟⢿⢛⠿⠿⠿⠛⠻⠿⣿⠻⠟⠿⠟⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠚⠒⡂⠓⠲⡖⠒⠒⠊⡖⢲⠓⠒⠒⠚⠂⠓⠒⢾⠀⠂⠲⠐⡖⡛⢲⠓⠓⠚⠒⠒⠒⢒⠊⠛⠒⠚⡖⢲⠊⠒⡒⠐⠒⠐⠒⠓⠚⠚⡒⢰⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⠓⠒⡆⠒⠒⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢉⣉⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠼⠤⣤⠼⠤⠼⠤⠤⢤⠦⠥⠤⠄⠤⠤⠤⠧⠤⣤⠤⢤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢠⠤⠤⠤⡤⠧⢼⠤⠤⣤⠤⠰⠤⠤⠤⡤⢴⠤⠤⠤⡼⠤⠴⠤⠧⠼⠤⠤⢥⠤⠤⠤⡤⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠚⠒⠒⠞⠒⠒⠒⠖⠒⠺⠒⠒⠒⠲⠖⠲⠒⠒⠒⠾⠒⠚⠖⡖⢣⠒⠖⡖⠒⠲⠒⠒⠒⠓⠲⢺⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣴⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣷⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣈⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣈⣃⣈⣌⣊⣏⣉⣉⣉⢉⣁⣉⣏⣉⣸⣈⣉⣏⣉⣈⣉⣏⣉⣈⣉⣉⣏⣉⣁⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⡏⣉⣹⣉⣩⢉⣉⣉⣈⣏⣉⣏⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣈⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⢿⠻⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠟⡛⠿⠿⠻⢿⠻⢛⠛⠿⡟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⢿⠛⠿⡟⠛⢟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⠒⠒⠒⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⠒⠒⠂⠢⠐⠒⠂⠒⡆⠒⢄⠖⠐⢲⡄⠂⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⡂⠒⠂⠒⠒⠐⠚⠋⢛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⢿⠙⠹⠛⠛⠛⠏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣁⣉⣉⣏⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⡉⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣋⢻⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⢩⣉⣉⣉⣸⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣥⣀⣅⣤⣧⡼⣤⡄⣤⣨⣸⡤⣤⢬⢤⡅⡧⣄⣤⣤⣤⣀⣤⡄⣹⡠⣥⢇⠁⣠⣠⢤⣠⠤⡥⢼⢤⣦⣤⡅⣤⣨⣬⣄⠥⣘⣇⣴⢤⣄⡠⣨⣅⢄⣥⣼⣭⡬⢤⢧⣘⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣥⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣥⣦⣼⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⡛⠟⠻⠿⠿⠻⠻⠿⠿⠻⠻⠿⡟⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠻⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⢿⠻⡿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢒⠐⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⡖⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠐⠒⡖⠒⠂⢢⠓⠒⠒⠒⠂⠐⠒⠒⠂⠒⠒⠒⠒⢖⠒⠒⠒⢒⠒⠚⠒⠓⢲⠒⠒⢲⠒⠒⠒⢲⠘⠒⠒⠲⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⢉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⡉⣉⣁⣹⣙⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣍⣉⣉⣋⣈⡉⣍⣉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣁⣉⣄⣁⣹⣁⣀⣅⣁⣸⣆⣨⣨⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠟⠻⠻⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⡆⠐⠂⠐⠛⠋⠙⢻⠛⠛⠋⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⡟⠙⠛⠉⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠋⠛⠋⠙⠛⠛⠋⡟⠙⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠋⡟⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠋⠛⠛⠛⢫⠋⠋⠋⡟⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣁⣉⣁⢹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣑⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠏⠙⠹⣉⣉⣹⠹⠙⠉⠏⠉⠉⢉⢈⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣁⣘⣤⣍⣹⣀⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⡿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢾⣿⠷⠶⢴⡶⠦⠦⢤⡦⠦⠧⢦⡥⠤⣥⡤⡤⠤⢤⡤⢥⡤⢧⢶⡤⠼⠶⠦⠶⠴⠦⠤⠶⡧⢦⠴⠼⢤⡧⠴⠧⡤⣤⢦⢽⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⠷⠖⠺⠗⠲⠶⠺⣷⠲⠒⠚⢰⠶⠼⠷⠶⡖⠺⡷⠾⠷⠲⢾⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣦⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣷⣦⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣉⢩⣉⣉⣉⡹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⢉⣉⣉⡉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣙⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣋⡉⣙⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⡈⢀⣇⢥⢠⠀⣠⣄⡁⡤⢅⢅⣄⡅⢅⡄⣌⣸⣠⢅⠤⣨⣠⣤⣀⣥⣬⡸⡆⣠⢀⣰⠴⣤⢤⣄⣠⣁⣵⢧⣠⣤⡄⡭⣀⣤⢠⢄⣥⡤⣠⢨⡄⢥⣨⡀⢅⣬⣤⡬⣠⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠄⠤⠦⡼⠤⢼⠥⠤⠤⠧⠤⠭⠬⠇⠠⠠⠄⠤⠄⠤⠤⠀⠠⡤⠤⠤⠄⠤⠤⠤⠤⠴⠤⠤⠴⠤⠤⠤⠄⠠⠤⠤⠴⠤⠦⣤⣬⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣴⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠛⠙⠋⠙⠛⠛⢻⠙⠛⢹⠋⠛⠛⠙⡟⠙⠋⠛⠛⠋⠛⢹⠙⠛⡫⠏⠉⠝⠛⡏⠙⠋⢛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠙⠛⡛⢻⠙⠙⠛⠙⠛⠋⠛⢿⢩⠙⠛⢻⠛⠛⢻⠛⠙⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣿⣉⣍⣁⣉⣹⣏⣉⣈⣏⣉⡉⣿⣉⣈⣉⣽⣉⣁⣹⣈⣹⣏⣉⣈⣉⣻⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣙⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣀⣿⣉⢉⣈⣹⣈⣉⣉⣁⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣇⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣐⣐⣂⣀⣀⣀⣀⣃⣁⣧⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠿⠻⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠒⠒⠲⠂⠲⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⡖⠒⠖⡔⠒⠲⠒⠒⠒⠲⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⠐⠒⠒⡖⠓⠂⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⡖⠐⠖⠲⠒⢲⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠒⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡏⠛⠙⢏⡋⡏⣙⢙⣈⠙⠙⠉⠉⠉⢻⠙⠉⡃⠚⠉⠉⠋⠋⡉⠙⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⠉⣋⠋⢙⠉⡙⠙⠋⠋⠙⠉⡏⢑⠛⠙⠋⠙⠉⡏⣙⠙⠋⠙⠋⠙⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣿⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣻⣙⣉⡉⣉⣉⡉⣹⣉⣙⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡠⣤⣤⣬⣤⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⢬⠧⠤⠯⢤⡀⠤⠤⠼⡤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⠤⡠⠤⠤⡤⠤⠤⠼⡤⠧⠼⠤⡤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠤⠤⠄⠴⠤⡤⠧⢤⠀⠤⠤⠸⠤⠤⠤⣤⠤⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠒⠂⠲⠒⠐⠚⠒⠒⠒⠞⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⠲⢒⠒⢒⡖⠒⠶⢲⠒⠒⠒⠖⡖⠓⠒⠒⠒⡖⠒⠲⠐⠒⠒⠐⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣶⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⢉⣉⣉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⠤⡤⠤⠤⠤⠠⠠⠤⠾⢿⠟⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠻⢿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⠻⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠟⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⡒⠗⠲⣲⠒⠒⡒⠒⠒⡞⠒⠒⠒⡖⠆⠔⡶⠓⠒⠚⠒⠲⣖⠒⠒⡞⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠚⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠠⠀⠀⠈⠀⠘⡗⠒⢺⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠓⠒⡞⠒⠒⡖⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠒⠐⠐⢲⢰⠒⠐⠘⠛⠉⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⠐⠛⠛⠋⠫⠙⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠋⢏⠚⠙⠙⡻⠉⠙⠋⠋⠛⢛⠽⠙⠛⠛⢻⠛⡍⡙⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠋⠋⡏⠉⠋⠋⢻⠛⡍⠙⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣙⣙⣉⣉⣉⣻⣁⣉⣏⣉⣉⢉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠧⠤⠤⢤⠼⠤⠤⡤⠤⠤⠧⠄⠤⠤⠤⠤⠼⠤⠴⠤⠤⠤⠤⠼⡤⢤⠤⠦⢤⠤⠤⠤⡾⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠴⠠⠥⢤⠤⠬⠥⠼⠤⠤⠤⠤⠶⡤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠧⡴⠄⡤⠤⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠶⡶⠖⠆⠖⠶⠢⢶⠶⠶⠶⠲⠶⠶⡶⠶⠶⢶⣲⣶⣼⣶⣶⣶⣵⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣦⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣦⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡤⣤⣅⡠⠤⣠⡤⣤⣨⣤⣇⣤⡨⢄⣤⣠⣡⣌⠧⣤⣤⢥⣤⣠⡤⣬⣤⣄⣤⡠⣄⣿⣠⢄⣥⣄⡼⢬⣤⣤⢤⣅⣤⡠⣪⡠⢠⣬⣠⣥⣤⡤⣄⣧⣼⣤⣬⡥⣭⠤⢄⡤⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠼⠤⠧⠤⠤⡤⠧⠤⠿⠤⠼⠤⠤⣴⠼⡤⠤⠤⢤⠴⡤⠤⠤⠴⠧⠤⠼⠤⠤⡦⠤⢤⡧⠼⠤⠦⠤⡤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢶⠤⢧⠤⠤⠧⠤⠤⡤⠼⠦⢤⠤⢤⠤⠼⢥⢴⠧⠬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠲⠒⠖⠒⠖⠓⠖⠶⡖⠖⠒⠒⠆⠺⠒⠷⠒⠖⠖⠒⠒⠖⠒⢒⡗⠒⡲⠶⠲⠗⠒⠲⠖⠖⠖⠒⠒⠗⡖⠲⠒⠒⠒⠾⠒⠚⠒⠶⠲⠒⠀⠓⠒⡔⠺⡖⠺⠒⠖⠒⠞⠒⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣾⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣏⣹⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣋⣹⣙⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⢩⡏⢉⢹⣉⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣋⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣡⣀⣍⣉⣨⡀⣅⣈⣀⣉⣠⣄⣡⡅⣁⢀⣸⣀⣈⡭⣀⣏⣡⣉⢡⣈⣈⣀⣁⣠⣅⣈⡀⣡⣅⣨⢅⣅⣄⠀⢩⣈⣋⣈⣠⡌⣹⣄⣁⢀⢫⢀⢀⣩⣈⣀⣈⡠⣸⢀⣧⢈⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⢴⠤⠧⢤⣧⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣴⣥⣧⣶⣤⣤⣤⣴⣦⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠛⠙⠙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣹⣿⣇⣈⣹⣁⣹⣕⣹⣁⣉⣁⣉⣍⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣏⣈⣹⣉⣉⣉⢉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣹⣁⣉⣯⣈⣸⣉⣹⢉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⠤⠤⠤⠄⣧⠤⡠⡼⣤⠼⡤⣤⢤⠤⠤⠤⠦⠤⣤⣥⠤⠧⠤⣤⢬⠤⠤⠤⡤⢤⢧⡤⣤⢤⠤⡬⣌⡤⡤⢤⡤⠤⢤⢤⡤⠤⡥⠼⢤⡇⢤⢼⡤⠤⡤⡇⢤⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠤⠦⠄⠤⠙⠦⠤⢦⠿⠤⠠⠿⠤⠶⠴⠠⠲⠄⡟⠤⠄⠦⠶⠟⠴⠤⠤⠴⠷⠆⠤⠦⠿⠰⡤⠶⠾⠢⡆⠴⡄⡠⠐⠘⠇⠀⡄⣤⣾⣧⣶⣴⣧⣤⣾⣴⣴⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡚⠲⠶⠒⠒⠒⡶⠲⠞⠲⠾⠶⡗⠺⢶⠶⠶⠶⠖⠗⠶⠶⠖⠒⠓⢲⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣷⣦⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢻⠏⠉⠩⠹⡏⢛⠉⠛⡛⠛⠙⠉⠙⡟⠋⡏⠙⢻⠹⠉⠉⠉⣿⠋⠋⠛⢛⠙⠛⠛⢿⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⣟⠋⡟⠙⢋⣙⠛⠋⠙⠛⡏⠙⠛⡛⠛⠙⡛⠛⡏⠙⢻⠉⡽⢋⠉⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣉⣩⣏⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣻⣉⣉⣹⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣋⣉⣉⣿⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣯⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣿⣉⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣄⡀⣤⣥⢠⡌⣀⣀⣠⣅⣅⣄⡀⣠⣄⣬⣅⣇⣅⣤⣀⣀⣸⣤⣨⣨⣠⣅⣄⣨⣄⣅⣥⣌⣀⣠⣄⣅⣤⣠⣤⣸⣨⣠⣤⣠⣇⣄⣤⣄⣇⣨⣤⣄⣉⣅⣄⣄⣤⣬⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣧⣤⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠛⠛⠻⢻⠛⠟⠛⢿⠿⠻⠿⠻⠟⠻⠛⠛⠻⠻⠛⠛⡿⠟⠻⠿⠛⠟⠛⡟⠻⢻⠻⠛⠛⠿⠟⢻⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⡟⠟⠿⠛⠟⠟⡟⠛⠟⠿⠛⠟⠟⡿⠛⠟⠻⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠊⡀⠈⠊⠌⠃⠀⠊⠐⠒⠘⠓⠊⠒⢒⠂⠚⠂⠓⠚⠑⠚⠐⠓⠚⠒⠛⠓⠛⠚⠚⠲⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣹⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡹⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⣉⣉⣉⣹⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣙⢉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣙⣉⣉⣉⣏⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣩⣀⣁⣇⣠⣄⣀⣸⣠⣀⣉⣀⣅⣅⣁⣁⣏⣉⣀⣈⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⡄⠠⠄⠠⠠⠀⠠⠤⠼⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠻⠟⠿⠟⠟⠿⢿⠻⡟⠻⢿⠛⠿⠟⠿⢻⠛⠻⠛⢛⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠿⠟⢿⠿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠟⡛⢻⢛⠿⠻⠻⠿⢟⠛⠟⡛⠿⠿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⢒⠐⠒⠒⠘⢒⠓⠒⠀⠒⠓⠆⠲⠒⠒⠚⠒⠓⠐⠚⡆⠂⠰⢰⠘⡦⠔⠒⡓⡒⠞⠒⠲⠂⡖⠇⣉⢶⠀⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠂⠓⠒⠒⠒⠃⠒⠑⠒⠒⠒⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣹⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⠋⠙⣋⣉⣉⣉⣁⣰⢀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣀⣀⣀⣀⣉⣹⠉⠩⠉⠉⠉⠇⠉⠯⣻⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⡉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣩⣹⣈⣉⣉⣨⣈⣅⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣍⣈⣈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⡏⠙⠛⠙⠛⠉⠉⠛⠋⡟⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠙⠙⢛⠉⠛⠛⠛⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⡏⣉⡉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣍⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⠉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣹⣉⣏⡉⢉⣉⣉⣋⣏⣋⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⢏⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣀⣩⠄⣡⣈⢈⣈⢀⣁⠀⡇⢄⣡⣤⠨⣀⡅⣨⣁⡄⡅⣨⠀⣀⡄⣩⢀⠥⢄⡥⣠⣬⣨⡨⠼⣠⣅⣇⣈⣠⣨⡤⣅⣸⣀⣨⣈⡀⣠⣇⣅⣰⣤⣄⣨⣄⡡⡤⣡⣅⢬⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⡄⢤⠤⠬⡤⠴⠤⠤⠧⠤⢠⠠⠤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠅⢤⢸⠤⠤⠤⠠⠤⠤⠸⠤⡤⠤⡤⠤⠤⠄⠼⠤⠴⠄⡤⠧⠠⢤⠤⠄⠄⢧⠤⠼⢤⠤⠤⠤⠦⠼⠤⠤⠠⠧⠤⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣴⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣴⣶⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣻⠩⠋⠩⣟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠙⢛⢋⡛⠛⠙⠛⠋⢛⠛⠋⠋⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⡏⣋⡋⠿⡋⢉⠉⡛⢛⡛⠙⢻⠙⠙⠛⠛⢫⢟⠝⠉⢽⠛⠛⠛⡛⠋⡏⡏⠙⡛⠿⠉⠛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⡉⡙⣉⡋⣉⢉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣅⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣁⣈⣀⣧⣼⣤⣼⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠻⢿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⢿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⢿⠿⠿⢿⠟⠟⠟⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠻⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢾⣿⡓⠲⢾⠒⠒⠒⡦⠳⠶⠲⠶⠶⠶⢶⠺⠶⠶⠶⠶⠖⠶⠶⠶⠶⡖⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⢴⠖⠶⠲⠶⠾⠖⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣦⣦⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢺⣿⡓⠲⠺⠒⠚⠒⡗⠒⠒⠲⠒⠐⠖⠺⠲⠒⠗⠖⠒⠒⢖⠲⠒⢲⠳⠖⢾⠒⢒⠒⠖⠒⠒⠞⠲⠲⠖⠲⠲⠒⠚⠛⠻⠛⡛⠟⠟⠛⠟⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⡛⠛⢺⠲⠛⠒⠓⠚⠒⠛⠓⠓⠲⠛⠚⠚⠓⠛⠒⡖⠟⠚⠛⠞⠚⠒⠚⠞⠚⢳⠓⠗⠓⠚⡞⠚⠓⠚⠒⠲⢺⠛⠚⠳⠓⠒⠓⠓⢓⠻⢳⠛⠛⠗⠚⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⡟⠛⢻⠟⢛⠛⠛⣹⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⡛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⠟⡛⡟⣛⣿⣿⠛⢛⠻⠛⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣋⣹⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣹⣉⣁⣋⣿⣙⣡⣉⡉⢹⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣀⣠⣀⣰⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⣜⣬⣀⣸⣠⣄⣤⣄⣠⣠⣬⣥⣬⣇⣬⣸⣈⣀⣀⣀⣬⣈⣅⣄⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⠤⢬⣤⣤⣄⠤⣤⣤⣅⣠⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣯⢧⢤⢤⣤⡤⠤⣤⣤⢤⣯⢤⠤⠧⣬⣤⣄⣥⣤⣬⣤⣠⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⠦⣦⣤⡧⢤⣤⡤⣧⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣾⣤⣤⣼⢤⣧⣥⣤⣤⡤⣼⡤⢬⠾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢼⣿⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠷⠤⡤⠤⠤⢤⢼⢤⠦⠤⠤⣤⡤⠤⠤⠤⡤⢦⠤⢤⠤⠧⠥⠤⠤⡼⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠟⢿⠛⠻⠻⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⡟⠛⠻⠟⠛⠛⢻⠻⠻⠛⠟⠟⠛⠻⠻⠛⠟⠿⠛⠛⠛⠟⡿⠟⠟⡟⠛⠛⠻⡟⠻⠟⠟⡟⠻⠻⠻⠛⠟⠛⠛⠟⠛⠟⠟⠟⠟⠟⠛⠟⠻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠒⡋⠛⢢⠐⠈⠒⠒⠂⠾⡀⠘⠊⠘⠓⡖⠐⠘⠚⢻⠚⡓⡗⠈⢰⠚⠂⠒⠒⠒⠈⠒⠲⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣿⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⡈⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠼⢤⠤⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠥⠤⠤⠤⠧⡤⠴⠤⠤⡆⠤⡤⡤⠤⠌⡤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⠤⡧⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣦⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣧⣤⣤⣾⣥⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣧⣤⣬⣤⣥⣤⣤⣷⣶⣶⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣭⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⠛⡏⡉⠙⠛⠉⢹⠉⠛⡙⠹⣏⢙⢙⠉⢉⠉⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⡏⣙⢙⡙⠉⢙⡙⠋⡉⢻⠉⢙⠉⣋⠋⠉⠋⠉⠛⠉⠋⢙⠉⠉⠙⠉⡋⠉⡋⡏⠋⠉⠋⢛⠉⠋⢹⠛⠉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣈⣉⣏⣈⣁⣉⣁⣉⣉⣁⣇⣈⣹⣉⡉⣉⢁⣁⣉⣉⣁⣏⣉⣉⣏⣈⣁⣈⣉⢉⣹⣀⢉⣍⣉⣉⣉⢉⣸⣁⣉⣁⣁⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣯⣁⣁⣁⣹⣀⣉⣇⣉⣀⣁⣁⡉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠤⣤⣤⡤⢤⣼⢤⡤⣼⣤⣤⡤⣤⡧⡤⢤⣽⣤⣼⣤⣤⢽⢠⣤⣤⠤⣤⡤⡧⡤⡤⣬⣧⡤⠼⣧⣠⣠⠤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⡾⡤⣼⢤⣤⣤⣤⠤⣤⣼⡤⢤⣤⣤⢔⢼⣤⢤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⠠⠦⠠⠷⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣤⣷⣤⣴⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣦⣼⣤⣼⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠙⠋⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡀⠂⠀⡂⠀⢀⠘⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠸⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢶⣲⠓⠒⠒⠖⠲⠺⠶⠶⠖⠶⠶⠲⠾⠴⠒⠶⠾⠳⠶⠴⠖⡶⢶⠲⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠒⠶⢶⠶⠶⠾⠲⠶⠖⠲⠗⣶⠸⡧⠴⠸⠒⠶⢶⠢⠴⠖⠖⠶⠶⡶⠶⠖⡶⠖⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠃⠒⠙⠓⠂⠊⠖⠐⠒⠒⠛⠒⠺⠗⠒⢲⠂⠒⠐⠚⠂⠓⠚⠂⡖⠚⠒⠒⡖⠒⢒⠊⠒⢓⠒⠒⠂⠓⠐⢒⠚⠂⠓⠃⠒⠒⠒⠘⢲⠓⠂⠒⠒⠒⠓⡖⢲⠷⠀⠀⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣩⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣹⣉⣉⣈⣈⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣏⣁⣃⣉⡉⢉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣙⣙⣯⣍⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣏⣈⣌⣸⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢁⣁⣈⡍⣉⣁⣈⣉⣇⣉⢏⡁⣉⣰⣉⣉⣱⣉⡉⣉⣁⣉⣀⢍⡩⠉⢰⣈⣍⣉⣁⢁⣈⣇⡹⣃⣉⣉⢹⣈⣀⢀⣻⣉⣈⣉⣍⣸⣀⣉⣉⣹⣁⢉⣉⣉⣈⣩⣁⣉⣈⡩⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠼⠥⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠼⠤⠼⠤⠤⠮⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⠤⠤⠮⠿⡧⠤⠼⢤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⡼⠤⠤⠤⠤⡼⠤⠤⠴⠴⠧⠤⠧⠼⠤⠤⢤⠤⠄⠧⢤⣧⣤⣠⣧⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣧⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣼⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣼⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠛⡏⠉⡉⢹⠛⠋⠛⢛⠋⠛⠋⠛⠋⡏⠙⠋⡟⠙⠋⠛⠋⠛⠛⢻⠋⡯⠉⠉⢉⣙⠛⠛⠛⢹⠋⠉⡏⡛⡟⠛⠛⠋⠙⠛⡟⠛⠛⠋⢹⠙⠛⢛⢻⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢉⣉⣉⣉⣹⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⢩⣉⣉⣉⣙⣏⣉⣹⣙⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⢩⣸⣆⡅⢇⣅⣁⡇⠵⣠⣄⣍⣀⣁⣨⣌⣄⠇⣅⣁⣨⠰⣆⣀⣅⣈⢁⠅⣇⠍⢠⣼⣀⣁⡡⣸⡤⢉⣠⡇⡅⣧⣅⣮⣸⣠⣅⣀⢀⡉⢄⡇⣴⣇⣼⣅⣈⠁⣹⡦⣨⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⠤⡤⠠⢤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠠⢧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠼⢤⠤⡠⠤⠄⠠⠤⠤⡽⠬⠤⡼⡧⠠⠧⢤⠤⠤⠴⠤⠣⠤⢿⠠⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⠠⠤⠤⠤⠤⠼⡤⠄⠧⡤⠼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣧⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣶⢲⠒⠒⠒⡶⠖⠶⠖⠶⢶⠖⡶⠶⠶⡶⠶⡶⠾⠻⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠻⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠻⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⠿⢻⠟⠿⠛⠻⠻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡫⡒⠚⠐⠒⡆⠂⠠⠈⠒⠺⠆⠱⠀⠒⠓⠴⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣹⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⡉⣉⣋⣹⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣹⣟⣏⣉⣉⣹⣙⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣏⣉⣟⣉⣏⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢼⠤⢤⡼⠤⠄⠼⡤⠤⠧⠤⡤⠤⢤⠤⠿⢤⠼⠤⢤⠼⠤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⡧⠤⢤⠤⢤⡤⠤⢼⠤⠼⠤⡤⠦⠾⠤⢤⠤⡧⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣯⣤⣤⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣦⣴⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣦⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣦⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⠛⡛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⡟⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⡟⠛⢻⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⢻⠛⠛⠛⡟⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣹⣉⣏⡉⢉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣘⣉⣏⣉⣋⣉⣉⣋⣉⢻⣉⣹⣹⣉⡉⣙⣉⣏⣉⣉⣙⣉⣙⣹⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣋⣉⡉⢉⡏⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣤⣗⣂⣑⣂⡃⣑⣃⣸⣬⣤⣼⡂⣉⣋⣉⣙⣃⣉⣸⣬⣤⣧⣭⣨⡤⣥⣥⡿⣴⣬⣼⢴⣤⢦⣧⣭⣥⣤⣥⣬⣮⣤⣨⣭⣥⣤⣬⣦⣬⣼⣭⣤⣬⣠⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣬⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣧⣤⣤⣴⣦⣴⣤⣧⣦⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣶⣦⣤⣧⣤⣴⣤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠻⠻⠻⠟⠟⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣐⠒⡄⠒⠐⠒⠒⢰⠙⠛⡛⢹⢛⠛⡏⢉⡫⡙⢻⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⢙⠛⠛⠻⠛⢻⠙⢻⠛⢻⠛⡛⠛⠛⢛⡛⠛⡟⠉⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣥⢧⣤⣤⢧⣤⣤⡤⣤⣼⣤⣧⣤⣤⣍⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⢤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⡤⣤⣤⡤⣥⢬⣥⣤⣤⣤⣽⣤⣤⣥⣬⣤⣥⣤⣄⣤⢧⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⡠⣬⡤⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⡤⠤⠼⠤⠴⠤⠤⠴⠤⢤⠼⡤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠤⠧⠤⠤⠤⡤⠤⡤⠧⠴⠤⢧⢤⠤⠼⠤⢤⠧⠤⠤⢴⠦⠴⠧⠤⠤⢤⣤⠤⢤⠤⠤⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠖⠖⡶⠒⢲⠒⠒⠒⢲⡶⠒⠒⠒⣶⠒⠒⡶⠒⠒⠒⠓⣶⠓⠒⠖⠒⠒⠒⠒⡖⠓⡖⠓⠒⣶⠒⠘⠒⡖⠒⠖⡞⠒⠒⢲⠜⠲⡖⠒⠒⠒⠚⢻⠒⢾⠒⠒⠂⠒⡖⠒⠒⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡛⣛⢛⣋⣛⠋⢙⣏⣙⣻⣛⠛⢹⢛⣻⣛⢉⣙⢻⣙⣻⣏⡛⡛⠙⣓⢛⠛⡛⢻⡛⣹⣋⣋⡋⣛⡏⡉⢩⡏⠹⢹⡛⡛⣹⠛⣛⠛⠉⢛⢋⣻⡛⣋⣏⡛⣏⡋⣿⠛⠋⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣈⣩⣁⣩⣈⣉⣉⣅⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣍⣉⣉⣩⣇⣉⣹⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣷⣄⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣅⣉⣉⣈⣘⣉⣉⣏⣩⣉⣉⣁⣈⣉⣏⣉⣋⣉⣈⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠶⠦⠧⠠⠦⠤⢲⠼⠦⠤⠰⠧⠴⡦⠦⠤⠠⠶⠴⢶⠤⠤⠤⠤⠣⢰⠿⠄⠶⠔⠦⠷⠤⠤⠦⡷⠲⠴⠦⠰⠴⢤⠰⠾⠦⠾⠴⠤⠾⠶⠦⠧⡴⠦⠼⠴⠶⠴⠦⠦⠤⠴⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⠒⠲⠒⠚⡖⠒⠚⢶⠒⠒⢳⠒⠒⠒⠲⠒⠚⠒⠚⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⡖⠓⠒⡖⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠚⠒⢒⠒⠒⡖⠓⠓⢲⠓⠒⠒⠲⡖⠚⠲⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⢉⣉⣃⣉⣁⣙⣉⣋⣉⣋⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⣏⣉⣉⣏⣹⣙⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⣹⣙⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⢻⣀⣉⣉⢙⣉⣙⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡉⣉⣏⣉⣏⣉⣈⣉⣏⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣁⣉⣹⣀⣁⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣁⣩⣉⣉⣹⣋⣉⣍⣉⣉⣈⣀⣹⣉⣉⣀⣉⣹⣉⣩⣉⣹⣈⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣥⣽⣤⣤⣤⣿⣬⣧⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣬⣧⣽⣤⣤⣼⣬⣤⣤⣽⣤⣤⣤⣿⣥⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠠⠠⠥⣄⠀⠤⠄⠤⠡⠤⠤⢠⠠⡉⠅⢤⠀⡀⡌⡤⠤⠤⠀⠠⠄⠠⠤⠤⠤⠠⠠⠅⠠⠌⠤⠀⠠⠀⠬⠬⠄⠄⠤⠤⠤⠠⠤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣬⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⢹⡏⢏⣋⣉⣋⣋⣋⣉⣋⣏⣋⣉⣹⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣛⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣛⣋⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣙⣙⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⣙⣉⣉⣩⡋⢙⣉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣍⣭⣢⣀⣉⣽⣉⣄⢇⣍⢯⣅⡥⡩⣉⠼⣌⣇⣉⡍⡽⣈⣩⣯⣍⣩⣉⡉⡉⣍⣏⢍⣉⣍⣇⣩⠏⣭⣌⣉⣍⣧⣌⡏⣩⢌⣹⣍⣼⣌⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣤⣤⣮⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣧⣴⣬⣧⣥⣥⣤⣦⣤⣤⣧⣦⣧⣼⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣥⣤⣦⣤⣴⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⡟⠛⠻⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⡟⠟⠻⠛⠛⠻⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⣿⢛⠻⠟⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⢻⠟⠻⢻⠛⠻⠛⠟⡟⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠹⠛⠻⠛⠙⠛⢻⠛⠛⢹⢛⢻⠒⠒⠐⠒⠒⠒⠲⡖⠒⢒⡒⠐⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⢛⢻⠛⠛⠛⢛⡟⠛⢛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠓⢻⠓⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⢳⠛⠛⠋⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣹⣉⣉⣏⣉⣩⣍⣝⣉⣉⣉⣩⣏⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣽⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⢻⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⡉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢤⢤⣤⣥⣼⡤⣥⣤⢬⣼⡤⣬⡤⣬⣤⣥⢬⣥⣤⣥⣤⣾⡧⠤⣤⣬⢤⣬⣤⣧⢤⣤⣼⣮⣤⣤⣤⡤⡥⡤⡼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣥⡬⡼⢤⣥⣧⣤⢤⣥⣤⣬⣤⣤⢬⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠦⠦⠤⠤⢢⠤⡤⠴⢶⠤⠶⠴⠇⠤⠴⠸⠶⠤⢦⠣⠪⠔⠤⠴⠤⠼⠶⠦⡆⠤⢴⠱⠷⠦⠤⠶⠤⠦⠤⠴⠴⠾⠼⠄⠆⠴⠴⢠⡖⠼⠧⠶⠼⠾⠦⢤⣴⣷⣶⣤⣾⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡙⢻⡋⠛⢻⣭⡋⠛⢛⠛⢹⡏⠛⣻⢉⠛⡛⠛⠛⢹⡏⡛⠛⢛⠛⣻⢙⠛⢛⠛⢛⡏⠙⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠋⠛⠛⠙⣿⠋⠛⠛⠛⢻⣛⠛⢻⡟⠛⠙⠛⡛⢻⡏⡛⡟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣏⣈⣉⣇⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣈⣉⣉⣙⣏⣃⣸⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣧⣉⣏⣉⣩⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣡⣏⣉⣹⣉⡍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⢉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⡄⠠⠤⡰⢧⢤⠤⢤⢤⢤⢤⢤⡼⠇⢤⡴⠥⢬⣥⢤⠼⡧⡤⢤⢤⠤⠤⢤⡄⢿⣤⢴⡤⠤⡼⠧⠤⣤⢤⠤⠄⡾⠤⢧⡤⢠⠤⣤⢤⢤⠤⢾⢴⣥⠼⣥⠴⡧⠤⣤⠾⢠⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠶⠖⡶⠖⠶⠶⠖⠶⠶⠶⡶⠶⠖⠷⢾⡶⠶⠶⠶⢺⠶⠶⡷⠶⠶⠶⠒⢶⡶⠶⣶⠲⢲⠶⢾⡖⠶⣶⠶⢶⡶⠷⠶⠶⠲⠾⠲⠶⠞⡴⠖⠶⠮⠶⠶⢶⠶⠲⢲⠲⡶⠲⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠓⠒⠟⠒⠖⠓⠒⠲⠒⠞⠓⠒⠓⠚⠛⠓⠒⠒⠖⠚⡲⢺⠒⠒⠒⢲⠒⠛⠓⡒⠛⠒⠞⢒⠚⠛⠚⠛⡖⠞⠓⢲⠒⠒⠲⠒⠒⠓⡞⠓⠒⠒⢒⠒⡗⠛⢲⠒⠓⠛⠓⠚⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣃⣚⣉⣛⣉⣏⣙⣛⣙⢋⣛⣋⣛⣙⣹⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣤⢤⠧⣤⢤⢥⢤⡼⢤⢤⣥⣤⣤⡤⢼⣠⣤⣬⣼⣧⣤⡤⣤⡤⣷⡤⢥⣧⠤⣤⡤⡧⣼⡤⣥⣥⢤⣤⠜⣬⡤⠮⠤⢤⠤⣤⡴⣤⣯⣤⣼⢤⣤⣤⣥⡬⣤⣬⡤⢤⡥⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢜⠶⢴⠾⠦⠦⠤⠷⠶⠼⠔⠶⢦⠶⠤⠆⡶⠪⠧⠤⠤⠦⠶⢤⡶⡔⠴⠼⠴⠶⠆⡴⠤⡤⠶⠶⠴⠼⡴⠦⡧⠔⠪⢶⠰⢧⠔⠧⠶⠶⡶⠰⠦⠶⠶⠶⠴⠤⢦⠤⡢⠰⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠺⠒⠚⡖⠚⠛⠒⠖⡖⠒⠒⠖⣺⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡵⠴⠤⠽⠠⠄⠾⠤⢤⠄⠤⠤⠼⠧⠴⢧⠜⣤⠤⡤⠾⠤⠥⠤⢥⠝⠤⡬⠼⣤⠤⢤⠤⡼⠤⠤⠠⠤⠠⠼⠤⢤⡤⡧⠤⠧⠤⠤⠧⢤⠤⠤⠤⢤⠤⠧⠤⠴⠤⠤⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢖⠲⠄⠶⠶⠶⠖⡖⠚⡐⠒⢶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣦⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⢹⡍⢉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣭⣋⣉⣉⣭⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣙⣉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣡⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣠⣧⣬⡼⣥⡄⣤⡄⣅⣽⣨⠠⣄⣤⣠⣄⠥⢯⡤⣧⡤⡨⡧⣀⡤⢯⣄⣿⠤⢤⣄⡽⢥⣅⣠⣤⠠⣄⠀⣀⣯⢀⣼⢠⣨⣤⣤⣤⡀⣇⢬⢄⡯⢤⣄⡤⣀⠄⡠⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠠⠠⠤⡠⠤⡧⠶⠄⠤⠤⠐⠤⠤⠤⠠⠤⠼⠤⠄⡤⠠⠠⡴⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⠤⠆⠄⠤⠤⢤⠄⠦⡤⠠⠣⠤⠤⠤⠤⠠⠤⣧⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣷⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣻⣿⣍⣉⣉⡋⣉⣉⡉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣋⣋⣋⣉⣉⢉⣝⣹⢉⣉⣉⢙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠥⠢⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠦⠬⠤⠤⠤⡤⠤⠤⠤⠬⡤⠼⠠⠴⡧⢤⠤⠧⢤⠤⠤⠠⠤⠠⠤⡤⠦⠤⣤⠼⡤⠄⠼⠤⠤⠧⠤⠦⠼⠤⠤⢤⠼⠠⠤⠤⡥⠭⠤⠤⠥⠤⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⢲⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠲⠒⠖⡖⠓⠀⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠲⠒⡖⠞⠒⠂⠳⠒⠢⢲⠂⠒⠒⠓⠖⠒⠜⡖⠓⡖⠒⢲⠒⠒⢒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣻⣿⣆⣈⣉⡉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣹⣉⣉⣸⣀⣉⣏⣉⡁⣉⣁⣉⣇⣉⣹⣉⣉⣁⣈⡉⣏⣉⣁⣁⣈⣹⣉⣍⣉⣉⣁⣉⣁⣉⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠖⠷⠒⠶⠒⠖⠶⠾⠖⠒⠲⠲⠖⠶⠖⠾⠲⠴⠶⠷⠾⠓⠶⠲⠗⡶⠖⠖⡶⠖⠒⢺⠒⠶⠺⠒⠶⡶⠚⠶⠲⠒⠖⠳⠶⠒⠶⠶⠖⠖⠖⡖⠗⠶⠴⠖⠶⠦⠶⠖⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⢲⠒⠒⢒⠂⠚⡖⠒⠊⠒⡆⠡⠐⠠⡱⠂⠈⢲⡅⠐⠑⡖⠒⠂⠃⠒⢲⠑⡖⠒⠚⠒⠓⠒⠚⠐⠂⠆⠒⠚⠘⡒⠚⢚⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⢲⠋⠀⠘⠒⢓⠒⠒⠂⡖⢪⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⣉⠉⡉⢉⢙⡉⡏⣉⡋⡏⣉⡏⡉⣹⢉⣉⣹⢉⣉⡉⢉⣉⠉⡏⣉⣉⡉⡏⣋⣉⢉⣋⣉⣉⣛⢉⣉⣉⢸⢉⡉⣁⢉⣉⣙⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⡿⢿⡿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣽⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣦⣼⣤⣤⣦⣦⣦⣴⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣼⣤⣤⣦⣴⣦⣼⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⢛⠟⠙⠛⠟⢻⠛⠛⠙⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⢛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣙⣈⣹⡈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣽⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠛⠿⠿⡿⠻⠟⡻⠟⠿⠟⠟⠟⠿⠿⠻⠻⡿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⡿⠻⡿⠻⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⢻⠿⡛⠻⠿⠟⠟⠻⢿⠛⡛⠟⢛⡟⠛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢤⣤⡦⣤⢤⣤⠤⣼⡤⣤⣤⡤⣤⡤⢤⡥⢴⢤⣤⡄⣠⡤⠤⣤⡅⠤⡤⠬⡧⡧⡸⡤⡥⣤⣤⣤⡤⡥⢤⣬⢤⡤⢤⢤⢤⡧⡤⢤⢤⢤⣼⣤⢬⠼⠤⡧⢤⡤⡬⣤⠤⣤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠦⠤⡴⠤⠽⠤⠦⡤⠤⠴⠤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠆⡼⠤⢤⠧⠤⠤⠤⢯⡅⠤⠥⠥⠬⠥⠧⠤⣤⠤⡤⠤⢧⡔⠶⠤⠤⠼⠤⢤⠦⠦⠤⣴⠤⠤⡤⠴⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠧⠤⢤⠤⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠲⠒⠒⠓⠒⡖⠲⠒⠣⡖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⢲⠗⠲⠚⠖⠒⢲⠲⡖⠓⠒⠀⠲⡖⠒⠒⠒⠺⠒⡖⠲⢲⡓⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⠚⠒⠖⠒⠘⠒⠒⡗⠒⡖⠖⠚⠒⢲⠒⠒⠺⠒⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠐⠙⡇⢻⠛⠋⠛⠛⠓⠒⠊⠙⡚⠛⠓⠊⠁⠚⢯⠉⠒⠛⠊⠓⠓⠛⠚⠂⡗⠓⠛⠙⠛⠛⠓⠛⠚⠛⠛⢚⠋⠛⠛⡚⠛⠓⠋⠚⢓⠙⠛⠆⠑⢳⠉⢈⠉⡞⠙⠒⠂⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣈⣉⣍⣉⣹⣉⣉⣈⣉⣉⣹⣉⣁⣉⣁⣉⣀⣈⣉⣁⣉⣉⣌⡉⢉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣁⣸⣘⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣈⣈⣹⣈⣉⣈⣉⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣁⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⠟⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠻⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⡿⡟⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⡛⠿⠿⠻⢿⠿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠚⠒⠒⠒⢳⠚⠖⠒⢳⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠲⠒⡖⠓⢂⠐⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠂⠒⠒⠒⡗⢲⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠂⠲⠒⠒⠒⠲⠲⠓⢶⠒⠒⡖⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢉⢙⢹⢉⡋⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣔⣈⣁⣁⣁⣹⣀⣤⣨⣀⣏⣠⣈⣉⣁⣁⣈⣁⣁⣈⣁⣁⣉⣀⣠⣈⣹⣨⣀⣇⣁⣀⣄⣇⣸⣀⣉⣉⣈⣈⣄⣈⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⣄⣀⣀⣨⣀⣠⣄⣀⣀⣌⣠⣸⣀⣇⣠⣀⣀⣅⣇⣨⣀⣃⣄⣠⣅⣀⣆⣅⣇⣀⣬⣄⣁⣀⣀⣅⣈⣤⣁⣀⣀⣨⣀⣀⣄⣀⣄⣇⣍⣨⣀⣡⣄⣸⣁⣨⣀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣈⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣨⣠⣀⣀⣹⣀⣉⣇⣈⣀⣀⣔⣸⣉⣁⣈⣁⣉⣈⣀⣉⣍⣁⣃⣟⣈⣈⣙⣀⣀⣃⣏⣉⣉⣅⣉⣉⣈⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⠿⣿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢤⠀⠠⡤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠤⠼⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⠛⠟⠟⠿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠟⢻⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⠿⠟⢿⠻⠻⠟⠛⠻⠻⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢺⠖⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⠒⠒⠂⡖⠒⠂⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⠒⢲⠒⢲⢒⠆⠃⢒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⡆⠒⠒⠚⠐⠒⢒⠂⠒⠒⠒⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣁⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⢁⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⣉⣏⣁⣏⣉⣹⣈⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⡹⣏⣉⣉⣎⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⡉⣹⣉⣉⣁⣉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠤⠤⡤⠤⢤⢤⡤⠤⠼⡬⠤⠤⠤⠤⢦⠤⠥⠵⠧⠤⡤⡼⠤⠬⡥⠧⠤⠧⢤⠤⠤⢤⠼⠈⠑⠁⠙⠈⡋⠡⠥⠤⠤⠤⠴⠤⠤⢼⠤⠧⠤⢤⠤⠧⠤⡼⠤⠴⠤⠦⠤⠼⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠶⢶⠗⠖⠖⡶⠷⡶⠶⠓⠶⡶⠶⠶⣾⠖⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⠷⠲⠖⡷⠲⠶⡶⠾⠶⠶⠾⢶⠶⠞⠶⠢⠴⡗⠖⣷⠶⠦⡶⠂⢲⠲⢾⡶⠶⠖⠾⢶⠞⠶⠷⠶⠖⠶⠶⢶⠲⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠓⠚⠒⠐⠒⠓⠚⠓⠗⠐⠒⠓⠒⠒⠟⠒⠒⠚⠒⠙⢲⠓⢲⠳⠝⠐⠒⡗⢒⠂⠒⡒⠚⠚⠒⠂⢲⠒⠓⢳⠛⠒⠒⠛⠒⠚⠒⠚⢳⠒⠒⡖⠚⠓⡖⠖⠒⢱⠒⠒⠚⢶⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣩⣋⣉⣉⣙⢉⣉⣏⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⡉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⠦⠤⠼⠤⡼⠦⠤⠾⠤⠤⠤⠦⡧⠤⠴⠤⠤⠤⢤⠽⢤⠴⢯⡤⠿⠤⠴⡤⢯⠬⠦⠥⠧⡴⠿⠤⠤⢤⠤⠤⢼⠧⠤⢦⠧⡤⠤⠤⣤⠷⠽⡤⢤⠤⢼⢷⠬⠽⣧⡾⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠲⠖⠖⠶⠲⠤⢟⣖⠶⠖⢶⠖⠒⠶⠲⡆⠲⠲⠒⢒⠺⠖⠲⠲⠶⠒⠖⠲⠚⡖⠚⠲⢲⠒⠺⡗⡒⠶⠖⡞⢲⠒⠖⡖⠲⠚⠲⠓⢶⠒⠒⠒⠶⠲⠖⠖⠞⠚⠖⠖⠘⠓⠞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠛⡇⠓⠒⢻⠏⡶⠐⠐⣶⠐⠀⠆⢶⠒⠛⢻⠘⠋⠓⠛⠋⠋⡞⠛⠐⠛⢻⠚⠑⠛⢘⡟⠚⠛⢻⠓⢚⣗⡓⠉⢹⠃⠛⣟⠛⠚⠃⠋⠛⠛⡎⠛⠋⡟⠙⠚⠓⡗⠛⡟⠑⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣸⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣈⣉⣉⣇⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣈⣙⣍⣉⣉⣁⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣼⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣧⣥⣧⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣼⣤⣼⣥⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠖⠒⠚⠒⠂⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⠖⢲⠒⠒⢲⠓⠒⡖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⡆⠚⠒⠖⠒⢺⠒⠒⠒⠒⠰⠒⠲⠒⠓⠒⠃⠒⡆⠳⠒⠚⢶⠒⠚⠒⠒⠐⠒⢲⠒⠐⠒⠒⠒⠖⡖⠲⠒⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡙⠋⣟⠙⣻⢉⠛⣶⠉⣋⡋⣛⢉⢹⣛⢛⣟⠋⣛⡛⡙⣞⣛⢉⣻⣉⡛⣟⡋⣛⣟⢛⡙⠛⣏⣙⠛⣻⠛⡛⡛⣟⠋⣛⢉⢈⢛⢛⢹⣙⢻⣙⢙⡛⡏⡋⡛⣛⡃⢙⢙⢛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣁⣈⣉⣉⣏⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣹⣉⣉⣸⣉⣁⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣽⣁⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣁⣁⣈⣩⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣀⣉⣉⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣙⣉⠉⣉⣋⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣍⣉⣉⣏⣹⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣏⣉⣛⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡈⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡿⡿⢿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⣿⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠶⠶⡷⠶⠶⢴⠶⠶⠶⠶⠗⠷⢲⠲⠶⠶⠴⠶⠾⠶⠶⠧⠴⠲⠲⠶⠶⠶⡞⣖⠶⠲⡖⢈⠅⢠⡍⠭⠄⠥⠷⠶⠶⠧⠅⠭⠤⣤⠉⠤⡄⠑⠲⠾⠶⠶⠷⠲⠶⠶⠶⠖⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠓⠒⠓⠚⠚⠚⢰⠂⠓⠺⠗⠒⠊⠒⢒⠒⠓⠒⠐⠒⠓⠒⠓⡞⠒⠒⡓⠒⢳⠓⠓⠂⠓⠒⠓⠒⢳⠙⠓⠐⢳⠒⠒⠐⢳⠒⠓⠘⠚⡓⠓⡆⠶⠐⠓⣳⠐⠀⠆⢷⠒⠒⢚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⡉⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣹⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣏⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡉⣉⣉⡭⣁⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣩⣁⣏⢍⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣅⣹⣉⣉⣍⣭⣈⡉⣩⣉⣉⡉⣩⣉⣈⣈⣻⡰⣬⣉⣩⣈⣇⣉⣈⣉⣁⣇⣀⣨⣉⣉⣸⡉⣉⣉⣇⣉⡹⡉⣅⣈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⠤⠤⠧⢤⠤⡤⠆⠤⠤⣤⡤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠤⠤⢤⠼⠤⣼⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⠧⠠⠤⠧⡤⠤⢧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⡦⠤⠤⠤⠼⢤⠤⠤⠤⡤⠤⢤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⠤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠲⠖⠒⠶⠒⠒⠒⡶⠒⠞⠃⠂⠲⡖⠖⠒⡖⠓⠒⠖⠚⠲⠒⠲⡶⠒⠂⡶⠒⠲⠺⠒⠒⠒⡖⠓⠲⠚⢰⠖⠖⠲⠒⠲⠖⡶⠲⠒⠚⣖⡲⠖⠷⠒⠚⠒⠆⢲⠒⠚⠒⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠻⡯⢏⠽⡏⠒⡏⢙⢻⠛⡛⠛⠛⠋⡟⠛⠛⠛⡟⠙⢻⡍⠃⢙⠛⠛⢹⠙⠛⠛⠻⣿⠈⡙⣏⠛⢛⠋⡏⠙⠛⡏⠙⠛⠛⡗⠚⠛⣿⠛⢺⠛⠓⡚⠛⠙⠋⢻⡛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣋⣋⣉⣉⣹⣋⣉⣉⣹⣏⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣟⣉⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⡏⣉⣉⣉⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣹⣉⣉⣿⣉⣉⣙⣉⣩⣏⣹⣉⡉⣉⡙⣝⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣭⣬⡕⣥⣭⢇⣼⣤⣅⣯⣄⡠⡼⣄⣯⣬⣤⣅⣧⣥⣥⣧⣤⣨⣤⣅⣥⣧⣭⣄⣄⣭⣸⣤⣽⣤⣭⣇⣭⣴⣥⣧⣤⣬⣢⣿⣤⣤⣭⣪⣥⣌⣥⣤⣤⣨⣭⣅⣭⣽⣤⣭⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣧⣴⣤⣼⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⠛⢻⠟⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡐⠒⡆⠒⠐⠒⠒⢰⠛⠛⠋⠙⠋⡏⠛⢻⠛⠟⠉⠛⢙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⢻⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⢻⠙⠛⡛⡟⠛⠙⠛⢻⠛⡟⠛⠙⠛⠟⠛⢛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⠉⣉⣏⣋⣉⡉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣋⣉⣉⣉⣏⣻⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⡁⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⢿⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⢿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⣿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠶⠦⠶⠦⠶⠶⠾⠒⠶⠳⡶⠶⠶⠲⠼⠶⣶⠶⠲⠼⡖⠶⠒⠶⠶⠷⠖⠶⠆⠶⠢⠷⠚⠶⠶⠖⠶⠖⠶⠶⠲⠶⠶⠾⠶⠖⠶⠶⠶⠖⠷⠶⠦⠶⠶⢶⠦⠷⠶⠴⠶⠶⢞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣛⣛⣉⡛⢛⣛⣛⣋⣉⣛⣛⣻⣚⣛⣊⢛⣘⣛⣻⣙⣋⣋⠻⣋⣙⣛⣋⣛⣛⣉⣟⣛⣉⣁⣛⣛⣉⣛⣛⣋⣓⣙⣋⣛⣉⣉⣓⣚⣛⣛⣓⢻⣋⣛⣙⣚⣏⣁⡚⣛⣏⣙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠥⠬⢽⡬⡬⡤⡌⢭⢬⡥⡥⢭⢼⠤⠥⠤⠤⢥⠬⡤⠥⢤⠤⡤⢤⠬⡤⠥⠵⡬⠬⢥⠼⠬⠤⠬⡥⢥⠥⠥⢤⠧⢥⢴⠤⡭⠼⠭⡌⡤⡌⢭⠼⡥⡬⠥⠬⣧⢯⡀⡤⡧⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠶⠶⠾⠶⡒⢶⠔⠶⢲⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⠶⠦⠖⠾⠖⠧⠶⠶⠶⠶⠷⠲⠶⠶⠖⠷⠼⠶⠶⠒⠢⠶⠶⠶⡶⠖⠖⠲⠶⠶⠲⡖⠶⠲⠶⠢⠷⠺⠶⠾⠲⠶⠲⡗⠶⠷⠖⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣊⣛⣛⣛⣋⣛⣛⣫⣰⣟⣻⣙⣛⣙⡛⣛⣛⣙⢛⣓⣌⣉⣻⣟⣛⣛⣙⣛⣃⣘⣻⣏⣙⣛⣛⣛⡻⣛⣙⣛⣛⣙⣛⣃⣛⣛⢙⣟⣙⣻⣛⣹⣛⣉⣛⣚⣛⢛⣛⢛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡭⡹⠤⠼⠤⢤⢤⡩⠅⣸⠴⡭⠧⠤⣬⢭⠥⢥⠼⠤⡌⠭⠬⣤⢤⡧⢬⡬⢬⢤⣭⣬⣭⣤⣬⣼⣤⣅⣽⣭⣬⣥⣬⣤⣬⣥⣬⣬⣬⣤⣭⣼⣭⣥⣬⣥⣥⣧⣥⣴⣤⣅⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣴⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠛⡏⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠋⡛⠛⡟⠛⢛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⡏⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠋⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⢿⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣻⣿⣆⣈⣩⣅⣅⣬⣤⣀⣨⣬⣩⣸⣸⣍⣠⣨⣩⣧⣸⣉⣤⣉⣉⣈⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⣤⣤⣦⣤⣦⣤⣤⣬⣼⣤⣴⣤⣤⡤⠤⠤⠯⡴⠶⠥⠼⡤⠤⡤⣴⠥⡤⡤⠧⠴⠤⡦⠷⠤⢽⠤⠬⢶⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⢛⠛⡟⠛⠟⠛⡛⠛⠟⡗⠓⢶⠚⠓⠒⡒⢲⠓⠞⢓⠞⠺⠒⠲⠒⠒⡖⠖⢓⠞⠚⠒⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣹⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢼⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡟⡟⠛⠟⠫⠀⠈⠄⢠⣴⣤⣼⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣽⣴⣤⣼⣤⣥⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣤⣥⣤⣬⣧⣴⣴⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⠂⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⢻⡿⠟⠿⠟⠿⡻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢻⠛⠛⡟⠿⠿⣿⡟⢳⡲⡞⠖⢶⢸⡒⠖⢺⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠒⠨⠀⡍⢉⡁⢸⠘⢉⠏⠉⠹⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣉⣴⣄⣥⣸⣇⣼⣰⣄⣦⣈⣽⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡤⣧⢯⡤⡠⣧⠤⣤⣼⣥⣤⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣥⣤⣬⣤⣤⣴⢤⢤⡤⣬⡤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣡⣤⣤⣼⣤⢤⣤⣬⢤⡤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠬⠥⠤⡦⢧⠬⠥⠴⠷⠴⠤⠤⢤⡼⢤⠧⠤⠤⡤⠤⡧⠤⢤⠤⠤⡧⠤⡤⠤⡤⡮⠤⠤⢤⠤⠤⠤⠦⠴⡾⠤⠤⠧⠤⠤⡄⠤⠔⠤⠼⠤⠤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠐⡖⠒⠚⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⡒⠒⠓⢚⠒⢲⠒⠓⠒⠳⠺⠀⠈⠈⠀⠠⠁⠄⠌⠒⠒⡶⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⡗⠖⠒⢲⠒⠒⠓⠓⠲⠒⠒⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⢉⠙⢛⡋⢛⢉⠛⠉⠙⠉⡟⢃⣋⡋⡛⢋⡙⡛⠋⣙⢈⡏⡃⡈⣩⡙⣋⠂⢐⠐⣊⢛⠙⣛⢐⡛⡉⡉⠃⡒⠒⣊⢙⢛⡉⢙⣛⡙⡙⢉⡋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣌⣙⣉⣉⣁⣀⣉⣩⣁⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠥⠤⠠⢤⠦⠤⠼⠠⠬⠤⠣⠤⣴⠴⠤⠤⢸⠆⠮⠤⡴⠮⠦⡆⠤⢤⠷⠴⠧⠤⢰⡤⠧⡤⠧⠯⠤⠤⠾⠄⠤⠧⣧⠤⠤⠷⠤⠤⢤⣦⠐⠦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠒⠒⠚⠒⡒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⡛⡒⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⠒⢓⠒⠒⡗⠒⠛⢚⡖⠒⠒⡞⠒⠒⠓⡒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠓⠒⠒⠻⠖⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⡛⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣋⣹⣏⣉⣹⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣿⣉⣉⣙⣟⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣏⣉⣿⣛⣙⣉⣉⣙⣉⣉⣙⣹⣟⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣿⣋⣉⣩⣟⣉⣉⣽⣇⣋⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣘⣁⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣈⣌⣉⣉⣙⣉⣏⣀⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣩⣉⣉⣈⣉⣛⣉⣏⣭⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠤⠤⢤⠿⠄⡴⡤⠤⠤⡤⡿⠤⠤⡧⡤⠤⢤⢤⠤⠧⢤⠧⠤⠼⠤⢤⢤⠤⠧⢀⢤⠮⠤⣯⢤⢤⡤⢯⠤⠤⠼⠤⠤⠼⣤⠤⠧⠦⠤⢤⠠⠤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠲⠒⠶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣦⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡟⠉⠉⠋⣏⣉⣉⡏⠋⠉⢹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣹⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣹⢉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣉⣉⣀⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣹⣉⣏⣩⣁⣉⣉⣹⣉⣉⣈⣹⣈⣁⣌⣈⣇⣠⣀⣀⣀⣏⣉⣁⣇⣠⣰⣰⣅⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠖⣶⠓⠆⠳⠒⠒⢲⡞⢖⡖⠖⣲⢞⠒⠓⠖⠒⠖⢲⢶⡖⣲⠒⣶⠒⠐⠒⡶⠖⢶⠲⢲⠖⠒⡦⠒⠲⠒⠲⠒⠰⢳⠇⢲⡖⠒⡓⢶⠒⠖⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⢻⠛⠛⡉⢛⠛⠛⠛⢸⠋⠛⡓⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⢻⡓⡏⡙⢻⠉⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠥⠤⢤⠠⠤⠄⠧⠤⡼⠠⠤⡤⠴⠤⠀⠦⠤⢴⠤⠤⠆⠄⠤⠤⠭⠽⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠻⡿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠚⠒⡖⠒⢲⠒⠓⠒⠓⠚⠲⠒⠚⠒⠒⠚⠐⠒⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⡔⠓⢲⠚⠒⡖⠒⠒⠒⠐⢖⡖⠲⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⠓⠒⡖⢲⠒⠛⡖⠂⠒⠒⠒⡖⠒⠂⠓⠒⠒⠒⠓⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠋⠛⢹⠛⡏⠛⢻⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠙⠙⠛⠛⡏⠝⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠉⠙⡙⠅⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⢹⠹⢹⠟⠛⠛⡯⠉⠋⠉⠟⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢩⡏⠛⡿⢻⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡉⢉⣹⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⢹⣉⣉⣏⡉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣿⣉⣉⣏⣍⣉⣉⢉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣩⣉⣩⣉⣙⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⡏⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⢉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢴⡤⡥⡧⢤⠤⠤⠤⣼⡤⡤⡌⢧⡤⢤⢤⡤⣤⢤⡤⢠⢬⠤⢤⠤⡼⡤⢤⠤⠱⣤⢤⣤⢤⡤⣤⠤⢤⡬⡤⢤⢤⡤⣼⠠⡤⢠⡤⠥⢬⣤⢤⢤⡤⡤⠤⡤⡤⣠⡥⡼⢤⢬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠴⠦⠦⠢⠿⠄⡦⠦⢧⢰⠂⡿⠦⠖⠴⠢⠢⠷⠴⠳⠲⠼⡗⠸⢵⠧⠶⠶⠤⠤⢰⠼⠴⠴⠦⠴⠖⡴⠄⠣⠲⡔⠶⢤⠦⠧⠴⢦⠴⠢⠰⠧⠤⡦⠶⠰⠦⠦⠣⢶⡃⣶⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⠒⠖⠒⠓⡖⠲⢲⢒⠓⠒⠒⠓⣶⠚⡖⠒⠓⡒⠒⠓⠲⠚⠒⠒⡖⠒⠒⡒⠓⠒⢲⠒⡶⠚⠓⡖⠒⡖⡗⠲⠛⠒⠓⠒⠚⠒⠳⠒⠒⠒⠓⡞⠲⠲⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠙⢛⣺⡫⣙⣻⢩⣹⠝⢛⡛⢿⠛⢐⢚⡏⢻⠙⢛⠛⢛⠋⢋⢻⠙⠋⠙⢉⢿⠉⠙⠉⢉⠉⡟⠛⠙⠉⢋⡛⠋⡏⠛⣯⢛⠋⡛⢛⠓⠙⢛⡏⠛⣻⢉⡛⡟⠛⣛⡛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣁⣸⣰⣻⣀⣉⣹⣉⣨⣈⣩⣉⣉⣈⣉⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣈⣉⣽⣠⣃⣀⣌⣪⣉⣉⣉⣉⣏⣈⣈⣉⣋⣉⣀⣉⣏⣁⣉⣈⣏⣉⣉⣈⣨⣉⣈⣹⣁⣉⣉⣩⣉⣹⣘⣃⣁⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣬⣼⣧⣿⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣥⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣼⣧⣤⣄⣤⣬⣤⣽⣷⣤⣼⣇⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣷⣤⣤⣼⣥⣤⣄⣤⣤⣼⣤⣰⣧⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⢭⣭⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢉⠤⠡⠤⠧⢼⠄⠤⠼⠥⠤⠤⠀⠮⠀⠽⠿⠿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠟⡟⢟⡟⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡟⠒⡒⠒⠒⠐⠚⠒⠒⢲⠓⢒⠒⠂⢒⡒⠖⠒⢺⠓⠒⢳⠒⠒⠚⠒⠑⢒⠒⡐⢈⡡⡲⠒⠂⡱⡆⡲⠂⢀⠐⡒⠒⠒⡖⢲⢚⢒⢒⠂⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠒⢒⢔⠓⠓⠂⡒⢊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⡏⣉⣛⣉⡉⣙⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣾⣠⠤⡠⡠⡠⣠⣦⡠⠠⠦⡤⡤⠤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣧⣴⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣥⣾⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣥⣧⣤⣬⣤⣧⣼⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠔⡑⢌⣸⢢⢜⠀⠐⠚⠴⡖⠓⠒⢺⠸⠛⠛⠋⠛⢻⠙⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣍⣉⣹⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣉⣹⣙⣹⣉⣩⣉⣉⣉⣝⣉⣉⣉⣙⣉⣏⣉⣟⣉⣉⣉⣉⣙⣏⣉⣉⣉⣩⣻⣉⣋⣉⣍⣹⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⣏⣯⣋⣉⣉⣏⣉⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣬⣧⣤⣦⣬⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 701

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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/github-is-racism/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/github-is-racism/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ GitHub_is_Racism⠀✐


Posted in Free/Libre_Software, Microsoft at 10:56 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Video_download_link | md5sum c41ffe862dec43fc3d5658a460becfae


http://techrights.org/videos/github-is-not-open-source.webm


Summary: Microsoft has the world’s most racist code hosting repository; it
wasn’t like this when Microsoft took over as the racist policies were added to
impress Donald Trump, who would later rig a procurement/tendering process to
bail out Microsoft (10 billion dollars from the Pentagon, i.e. taxpayers)


WHEN Microsoft bought GitHub it_was_in_better_shape_than_it_would_be_in_the
following_year. Lots of staff left in protest, many projects and users also
objected strongly. Even today I can see in GitHub that quite a few prominent
GNU/Linux developers quit pushing/committing (based on timelines) around the
time Microsoft took over. But somehow we’re supposed to think that everything
outside GitHub simply does not exist. As if either you’re in GitHub or you
simply do not exist!


“As for the above researchers, they’re limiting a study only to data from
Microsoft, which may make this study worthless (inaccurate, owing to selection
bias).”The video above concerns a more sensitive subject (see iTWire’s
“Ethnicity_and_race_may_determine_which_open-source_software_projects_in_GitHub
may_be_accepted;_White_had_more_projects_than_Asian,_Black,_and_Hispanic:
study”) and I’d prefer to limit how much I write as it can be taken out of
context by opportunistic trolls who leave out nuance and intentions. Most of
what I have to say is in the video; in short, GitHub is not “Open Source” but
merely a proprietary trap for projects gullible enough to outsource to it… and
suffer in the long run (there’s a hidden cost).


Many GitHub-choosing projects are basically OK with nationalism and racism
because they_make_the_decision_to_exclude_quite_a_few_countries_from
participation_or_even_mere_access. As for the above researchers, they’re
limiting a study only to data from Microsoft, which may make this study
worthless (inaccurate, owing to selection bias). It’s like doing a study on
mental stability with only a set of people recently released from (or still
residing in) prison whilst omitting this critical detail.


“Tolerant people would never use GitHub. Choosing GitHub for coding or for
hosting is basically choosing to embrace racism.”While discrimination (against
coders) probably happens not only in GitHub, it’s important that GitHub tends
to attract ‘hit and runners’ (that’s why Linus Torvalds detests GitHub and
refuses to bother with it). GitHub tends to attract rookies and novices, not
the real geeks who have extensive experience with code (and can deal just fine
with command line tools and text-only E-mail).


Regarding discrimination against committers (based on presumptions), we’ve seen
similar studies before (regarding gender, not race). It’s rather clear and very
much evident that GitHub is profiting from racism (we give some examples in the
video), in fact so overt a case of racist cull that GitHub is excluding whole
countries and people associated with those countries (even if they don’t live
there; so it’s about race, which cannot be changed!) and GitHub employs_nazi
apologists.


Tolerant people would never use GitHub. Choosing GitHub for coding or for
hosting is basically choosing to embrace racism. █



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 782

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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/irc-log-280721/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/irc-log-280721/

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✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Wednesday,_July_28,_2021⠀✐


Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:48 am by Needs Sunlight


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_


                                         #techrights_log_as_HTML5                                                                                  #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_


                                    #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5                                                                               #techbytes_log_as_HTML5


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_


                                          #techrights_log_as_text                                                                                   #boycottnovell_log_as_text


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_


                                     #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text                                                                                #techbytes_log_as_text


                          Enter_the_IRC_channels_now


===============================================================================
§ IPFS Mirrors⠀➾


CID                                              Description     Object type


                                                 IRC log for
 QmYQZzUAyXABD7PizXHDDYBF3bkZSETXvbLbJScxU1hNuA #boycottnovell  🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #boycottnovell
 QmPduuSEMEtT3nqJ3eY7Xvvnwx3DgmbHXjaxJZXAhp8u8H (full IRC log   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 as plain/ASCII
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                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #boycottnovell-
 QmZCjN7E5JpxThpZW35okMJweww31cLF8KvSY2FKck4ott social          🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
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                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #boycottnovell-
 QmSyn8uvp8ispB9QLWTMFuG2KxVzU9kGfDyCr3UGAz3pe8 social          🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
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                                                 IRC log for
 QmcUMR8qfcUoaaK2YciWTrXpq2CSZXMBWTfmaPyYoQnDUL #techbytes      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #techbytes
 QmXPatndgMyi6oYmB1kRrdg8ekre2ChBU9Zfx44LmvGbsK (full IRC log   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 as plain/ASCII
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                                                 IRC log for
 QmWLX4evqk8j3q6dbVQ5VpHar9c7DJtnL9CAAA2Ptu3ExG #techrights     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
                                                 (full IRC log
                                                 as HTML)


                                                 IRC log for
                                                 #techrights
 QmPiXDX4CdvoYBGRtouJ2sTdVJ7d3bAztvM9BZgQdoMkW7 (full IRC log   🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
                                                 as plain/ASCII
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🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈


§ Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾


Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmQoYA3rtYhK4AhVVweyrKCMnCpdqN6saCz8cj1d9f9MXX



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 896

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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-privacy-issues/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-privacy-issues/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ The_OSI’s_Defunct_Elections_(Privacy_Breach),_Conflict_of_Interest_
(Nicholson),_and_Other_Lingering_Problems⠀✐


Posted in Free/Libre_Software, Microsoft, OSI at 7:50 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


                    🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇OSI_privacy_issue⦈_

   OSI privacy issues. I don’t think we’re supposed to see the_voters’_data
 (publicly accessible here as the_front_end or the_corresponding_.json_file).


Summary: The above, together with an email from the OSI below, serves to show
they’re re-running a bad election and — yet worse! — there appears to be a
conflict of interest implicating the OSI’s sole_member_of_staff!


THE OSI is in a state_of_disarray following the abrupt departure of its sole
member of staff one year ago. Coordination is poor, the agenda has shifted in a
negative way/direction (like attacks on the FSF), and this is what its interim
manager said in a message:


     As an Individual Member of the Open Source Initiative who joined by
     March 4th, you are eligible to vote in the re-run Open Source
     Initiative’s 2021 Board of Directors election. This email includes
     important information about the election and voting process.


     CANDIDATES:


     This year TWO (2) Individual Member seats are open. You may view the
     candidate profiles/bios here:


     https://wiki.opensource.org/bin/Main/OSI%20Board%20of%20Directors/
     Board%20Member%20Elections/
     2021%20Individual%20and%20Affiliate%20Elections/


     VOTING:


     Elections for OSI Directors are held according to Approval Voting
     - see Wikipedia for more information on Approval Voting: https://
     en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approval_voting


     Each voter may “approve of” (i.e., “vote for”) any number of
     candidates, from none (0) to all eleven (11). The winners of the
     election will be the two candidates who receive the most votes from
     the voting Individual Members


     IMPORTANT!!!


     To cast a vote, you will be led through the following steps.


     1. Log into Helios (your credentials are included below).


     2. Select (“approve”) your preferred candidate(s).


     3. Review/Confirm your ballot (i.e. who you voted for), then “Submit”
     your ballot.


     4. CAST YOUR BALLOT: PLEASE NOTE, YOU MUST ALSO “CAST YOUR BALLOT” on
     the screen appearing after you submit your ballot.


     IF YOU FAIL TO CLICK THE “CAST YOUR BALLOT” BUTTON YOUR VOTE WILL NOT
     BE INCLUDED IN THE FINAL TALLY.


     IMPORTANT DATES:
     * July 26, 2021 (11:00 am PDT): Elections open
     * August 6, 2021 (4:59 pm PDT): Elections close
     * August 9, 2021 (11:00 am PDT): : Run-off elections open (if needed)
     * August 13, 2021 (5:00 pm PDT): Run-off elections close
     * August 23, 2021: New Board Directors seated
     * First meeting August 24 and 25, 2021


     QUESTIONS:


     If you have any questions feel free to contact Deb Nicholson at
     d.nicholson@opensource.org


     Election URL: https://vote.heliosvoting.org/helios/e/
     JulyIndividual2021/vote


Have lessons been learned from the last time around?


We’re not too sure.


The OSI elections… again seem to have a security/privacy issue, compromising
the integrity of the whole process. As one source told us (see screenshot,
links etc. at the top), issues linger on “and then there’s this privacy
concern.”


“The OSI elections… again seem to have a security/privacy issue, compromising
the integrity of the whole process.”“sjvn hasn’t voted yet,” the source noted.
Are we supposed to even know that? “Shows all members and whether they voted or
not to the general public…”


This is bad enough in its own right, especially given prior events and context
(compromised election).


“However,” our source added, “I saw the OSI elections are currently being…
reheld. So, not sure because I did not document who was going for elections
but… I noticed Salt there. He has a long standing relationship with Nicholson,
the Interim General Manager. So, Salt running for a position where he has
history with the “manager” is odd, but we are well aware of the cronyism in the
past. What really struck me was his_bio, where he discusses paid positions for
Executive Director and staff.”


To quote:


     Why I am running


     The OSI is a leading voice when it comes to the conversation
     surrounding free/libre/open culture and values. It is currently at a
     point of inflection, transitioning from an (almost) entirely
     volunteer-driven organization, to one with an Executive Director and
     paid staff.


Yes, “paid staff.” Like a company. That would more or less confirm what the OSI
has become. It diverts more than half of its funds into Microsoft_GitHub
promotion, i.e. proprietary software. Is this the future of OSI?


“That would more or less confirm what the OSI has become. It diverts more than
half of its funds into Microsoft GitHub promotion, i.e. proprietary
software.”As our source noted: “This could get interesting!”


The cronyism at the EPO comes to mind (Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos
stuffing or staffing up the management with friends of theirs, not qualified
people).


We shall patiently watch the next steps. █


⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡍⡏⡏⢈⠛⢹⡯⢉⢩⢩⠍⣯⢹⣿⠉⡋⠟⡁⡇⠹⠙⠘⡁⡏⡏⠋⢻⢸⡏⣭⢹⡉⠹⢹⡏⠉⠟⡉⠛⠙⢉⢋⢸⣿⠉⠁⠘⠙⠋⣙⢙⠘⣉⠋⡙⣿⢡⢉⠋⠻⠿⢉⢹
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣠⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣿⣌⣾⣶⣾⣿⣾⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣩⡹⠛⠟⡛⡋⠛⠻⢛⡟⡛⠿⠿⠿⠻⡟⠿⢿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⢟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣾⣤⣦⣧⣧⣦⣼⣼⣧⣥⣴⣤⣴⣦⣷⣦⣾⣦⣶⣴⣴⣤⣮⣶⣮⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⣰⣅⣽⣀⣀⣀⣧⣄⣀⣀⣆⣯⣂⣀⣀⣼⣠⣀⣼⣠⣂⣄⣰⣸⣁⣀⣆⣔⣼⣤⣀⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣤⣾⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣁⣉⣡⣕⣙⣁⣇⣀⣸⣿⣷⣡⣀⣀⣁⣘⣇⣐⣂⣯⣿⣘⣀⣺⡧⣂⣾⣀⣀⡰⣸⣿⣈⣈⣁⣻⣈⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠬⣇⣈⣉⣁⣹⣀⣉⣉⣉⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣟⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠒⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⢤⣤⢤⣤⢤⣤⣤⠤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣃⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠉⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡛⣿⠻⠟⠻⠿⢟⠟⠿⠟⠻⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠷⠥⠷⠶⠶⠶⠦⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡍⡋⠉⠙⠛⢉⠙⠛⠛⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣟⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠬⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣙⠟⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠓⠒⠛⠛⠓⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1126

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-repurposed/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-repurposed/

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✐ [Meme]_OSI_is_Doing_Just_Fine⠀✐


Posted in GPL, Microsoft, OSI at 8:06 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


        🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Free software development rep, OSI, GitHub⦈
                   Don’t worry! Microsoft will save the OSI!


Summary: So what if OSI is run by someone who raised money from Microsoft (to
sell_Microsoft_a_keynote_slot_in_a_copyleft_event — the thing that Microsoft
attacks_through_GitHub!) while funnelling_the_OSI's_funds_to_a_serial_GPL
violator?


⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣇⡀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠿⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡆
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣰⣶⣴⣤⣴⣶⣶⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇
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⣤⣤⡄⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏
⠙⠛⠀⠿⠿⠏⠀⠙⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣸⠀⢸⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠸⠀⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠲⠄⠠⠶⠦⣽⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠃⢸⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠷⣿⣿⣷⣦⢸⣿⠿⢰⣿⡿⠇⠀⢰⣿⢿⣶⢠⣾⣿⣷⡄⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢰⣿⣇⣾⣿⢰⣿⣿⡆⣾⣿⢿⣦⢸⣿⡿⠇⠘⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⡆⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⣶⢸⣿⣷⡆⠀⠘⢿⣾⣍⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⡆⢸⣿⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⣟⢸⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣤⣸⣿⣧⡄⠀⢸⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣾⢸⣿⡇⡄⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣧⡄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠡⣿⣯⣭⣵⣷⣭⣭⠁⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣦⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣶⡶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣶⠀⢠⣶⢶⣦⢰⣶⣶⣶⣰⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⢰⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⣶⣶⣶⣆⢰⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣧⡌⣿⣧⣿⡇⣿⣿⣤⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣧⣿⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⣷⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⣧⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣇⡀⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⣿⣀⢸⣿⣀⢸⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⡏⠁⢸⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣀⣸⣿⢻⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣀⣸⣿⡏⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠉⠘⠛⠛⢃⠘⠛⠛⠀⢛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠈⠛⢛⣋⣼⣛⣳⣿⣾⣻⣼⣿⣽⣻⣜⣛⣛⣽⣛⣬⣛⣧⣼⠛⠣⠄⠀⠛⠛⠙⠋⠘⠛⠛⠉⠛⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠀⠀⠈⢻⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⡀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣃⣀⣀⣀⣀
⣨⣷⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⢻⣿⣿⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣼⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠉⢉⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣾
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠂⢸⡇⣠⣾⣿⣿⢻⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣰⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⢀⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣨⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠉⣉⠉⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⡇
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢼⠟⠀⠇⠿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠷⠀⠠⢤⡆⡀⣤⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢹⣿⣿⡴⣬⣿⡿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⠛⠃⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠃
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣹⡀⢰⣾⣿⣶⣤⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣄⠀⡶⣶⠾⠛⠛⡉⢉⣸⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⡏⠁⣷⡆⠀⠁⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠿⣃⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡟⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣼⣦⣴⢿⠿⡗⠈⠰⢇⣀⠿⢿⣿⡇⠸⣿⠈⠛⠉⠀⠀⢸⠁⣀⣹⣇⣀⠈⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣶⡿⠏⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⡟⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠿⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠙⠂⠐⠀⠐⣸⣾⣽⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠛⠛⠛⠛⣴⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣤⣴⡖⠺⠶⠂⠀⠀⠀⣟⣛⠣⠦⠤
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⢰⣿⢻⣷⠄⣿⡇⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣷⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⠀⢠⠀⢰⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠙⠛⠛⠟⠴⠶⣾⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣬⣭⡅⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⠸⣿⣷⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡱⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠀⣼⠀⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠹⠁⢰⣿⠿⡯⠟⢺⣿⣿⡷⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣦⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⢈⣿⡇⣿⡇⢿⣿⣼⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⠀⠉⠀⠉⠀⠈⠉⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⣿⢸⠐⡿⣨⡅⣈⡁⠉⢹⡏⠉⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⠉⠉⣁⡉⠁⠀⢉⣡⠈⢉⣥⠉⠁⣦⣭⣭⣵⣮⣭⣭⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠓⡀⠐⠆⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⡷⣿⣬⣴⢃⣛⡃⣿⡁⠄⠶⠀⢀⠀⠀⠲⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣤⡿⠁⢀⣴⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣇⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣆⠂⣨⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⡄⠇⠉⢉⡍⢻⣿⢷⣿⡖⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢉⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠈⢿⣦⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠈⠁⠓⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡿⢿⣿⡅⠀⢘⠛⠋⠀⠁⠒⠷⠂⢀⣿⣿⣿⠟⢋⡀⣖⣦⣀⣀⠀⣴⣿⣿⠷⠀⠀⠀
⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠰⠂⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿⢋⣥⣤⣄⢀⣤⣤⣬⢫⣭⡄⠁⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢹⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢀⣿⣮⡙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⡟⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢯⣤⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡟⠟⣼⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣜⡛⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠸⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⢨⡹⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠾⠂⠁⠘⣁⡀⢱⡽⡆⠀⢻⣿⢸⣿⢠⣭⢻⣿⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠃⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⡟⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢰⡐⢠⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠂⠝⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠟⠈⠻⠿⠟⠙⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠸⣿⣮⢆⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⢫⣄⣠⠬⣆⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1197

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-song/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/osi-song/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ The_OSI_Song⠀✐


Posted in Microsoft, OSI at 8:22 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


                           🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Song⦈
                             Goodnight and goodbye


Summary: The sad demise of OSI, which has become little but a front group of
proprietary software companies in pursuit of openwashing services (and
outsourcing to proprietary disservices looking to eradicate copyleft)


THE Oh! Ass! Aye?


It will never die
For Microsoft is can lie
Oh my!


Openwashing as a service
Making Stallman nervous
Driving their Chevies
Collecting their levies


ClearlyDefined sellout
They really needed a bailout
Proprietary breakout
Forgetting what they’re all about


Open Source has won!
GitHub prison can be fun
By Microsoft it is run
Look what we have done!


Herding communities at scale
To ensure they always fail
Dog wagged by its tail
But hey, nobody is male!


Politics of entryism ignored
Integrity is hard to afford
Dirty money they hoard
Hanging themselves on a cord █


⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣣⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣷⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣇⣐⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡴⢄⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⢗⢤⣻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡪⢾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡋⢺⢗⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣴⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⠫⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡰⡫⡈⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⠟⣹⣿⣷⣾⣿⡛⣹⢗⢥⡈⣺⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠿⡪⣠⢙⣿⣿⣿⡟⣡⡿⣯⣴⣿⠿⡿⡋⢟⠑⣿⠿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢵⡯⣪⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠗⣢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⢕⡻⡂⠈⣿⣿⣿⡟⢋⣿⣿⣶⣿⡿⢿⡬⡨⣾⢕⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢕⣽⣫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⢭⣢⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⢅⢹⣯⣾⣿⣿⡿⢋⡼⠿⣽⣿⣿⣿⢗⢄⡪⣺⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⡺⢗⢵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠏⢝⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡋⠅⢄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣟⣡⣾⣿⣿⣄⢕⢵⡯⣪⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⡧⡈⢢⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⢝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣔⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠣⡪⢖⢅⣱⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⢕⢕⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢕⢵⡉⠪⣿⣿⣿⡟⢡⡿⢛⣿⢟⣻⡋⣻⢕⢵⣢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢠⣾⣿⠏⠪⡈⠂⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣛⡛⡫⡢⢐⢄⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⡫⢗⠁⢹⣾⣾⣿⡿⢿⣿⣯⣰⣿⡯⢾⡯⡪⣒⢕⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⡈⣪⣀⢼⣿⠟⢉⡽⠿⡿⠋⢾⣯⠛⡪⡢⡚⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⡪⢢⢔⣵⣿⣿⣿⠿⣶⡟⣉⣿⣿⣿⠗⢄⡪⡪⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡋⠻⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣥⡀⠺⣿⣡⡷⢧⡰⠏⣠⡎⣦⡺⢇⠐⠀⡈⡪⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⢕⠪⡢⣐⣿⣿⣿⢿⣦⣾⢙⣿⣿⣿⡉⢓⢕⠤⣪⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠈⠪⢐⣼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣎⠋⢡⠬⢁⣶⡿⢙⠟⠀⠐⠁⡨⢊⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢑⢄⠉⣠⣸⣿⣿⣿⣁⣬⢋⣿⣿⣿⡟⠫⡪⣂⢕⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢕⢕⠨⣢⣾⣿
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠈⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠐⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡫⡂⢑⢕⣽⣿⣿⣿⠋⣼⠟⣵⣾⡝⢿⢟⠕⠢⡈⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⠫⡂⢔⢅⣼⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⣿⣿⡿⡻⠿⠉⠀⠀⠀⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⡷⠒⠁⠅⣠⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠟⠀⡈⠂⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⢠⣖⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠣⡨⠐⢕⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠑⠀⣠⣾⣿⠟⢙⡿⠿⣧
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⢷⡿⠛⣿⣿⠿⣛⣛⢝⠅⠠⡈⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⡢⠀⢑⣵⣿⣿⢷⣰⠉⢀⠸⡿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠸⠃⠠⠂⠘⠁⠀⠀⠈⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠛⠅⠀⠈⣠⡦⣡⠈⢙⠿⡯⠔⢻⣇⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠿⡟⢓⡻⠟⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼⠋⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1287

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/07/29/rewarded-for-participation-in-epo-crimes/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/07/29/rewarded-for-participation-in-epo-crimes/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ [Meme]_No_Crime_Goes_Unrewarded_at_the_EPO⠀✐


Posted in Europe, Patents at 12:00 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_cronyism⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Bilbo_-_Why_shouldn’t_I_keep_it?_EPO_rigged_case:_...and_the
decision_in_G_1/21_is...._Just_what_I_demanded⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_comment⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_Diversity:_Promotion_for_sex⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_can_haz_a_VP_position?_For_cooperation,_sure;_When_do_I
start?_When_you_prove_loyalty⦈_


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Join_us,_Bart;_I_love_you,_Bergot⦈_


Summary: It is more or less undeniable that from a legal and functional
perspective the EPO is already_defunct and is still perishing under a couple of
Mafiosos whose sole interest is cover-up and grifting/plunder (of what’s left
of the Office after almost 40 years of goodwill/reputation); the recent_G_1/21
fiasco was just icing_on_the_cake and the EU’s insistence on a patently
unconstitutional_UPC (more legal powers for chronic_EPC_violators) actually
weakens unity in Europe (by discrediting_the_Union)


⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⢿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣦⣤⣼⣦⣴⡦⣦⣧⡼⣤⡦⣬⣧⣦⠼⠮⠾⣤⣾⣯⢾⣷⡷⢼⣶⣮⣧⣿⣥⣦⣭⣤⣧⣤⣴⣿⣤⣤⣥⡤⣶⣼⣶⣴⣯⣾⣴⣤⣤⣼⣴⣷⣼⣴⢤⣴⣿⣦⣾⣦⣤⣴⣷⣦⣤⣤⣦⣷⣶⣷⣤⣼⣤⢤⣾⣿⣿
⣇⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣧⣴⣦⣦⣼⣤⣴⣬⣷⣤⣤⣤⣧⣴⣦⣤⣼⣧⣼⣤⣴⣤⣴⣤⣤⣴⣤⣬⣷⣤⣇⣥⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣧⣬⣤⣦⣼⣠⣤⣧⣤⣤⣾⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣦⣤⣾⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿
⣏⣉⣩⣘⣹⣈⣩⣞⣩⣹⣉⣁⣈⣈⣉⣃⣍⣹⣉⣉⣫⣚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⠿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⡿⠿⡿⣿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⡿⡿⡿⡿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⡿⡿⡿⣿⠿⡿⣿⢿⡿⢿⢿⡿⣿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣯⡤⣶⣦⣤⢷⣬⣯⣤⣴⢷⣤⢴⣽⢤⣼⣤⣤⣾⡦⢤⢧⢤⣤⠤⡼⡧⠤⠴⣤⢤⣮⣮⣴⣧⣤⣮⣤⡷⣦⡧⣦⣽⣥⣧⣤⣤⣤⢧⢤⣤⣤⣧⣧⣾⣤⡽⣮⣾⣧⣦⣮⣤⣧⣥⣽⣤⣤⡶⣴⣽⢤⢤⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿
⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣷⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣴⣄⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣾⣴⣼⣤⣧⣥⣤⣤⣽⣤⣥⣤⣤⣥⣾⣦⣤⣧⣼⣤⣤⣤⣷⣥⣧⣤⣬⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣴⣦⣼⣤⣤⣼⣦⣤⣤⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣦⣼⣼⣴⣥⣼⣿⣿⣿
⡟⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠛⠿⢿⢻⣛⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠟⠿⡿⠿⠟⠿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠿⠿⡟⡛⠛⢻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡟⠿⢻⠻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠟⠿⣿
⣷⢷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣴⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣴⣴⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣦⣴⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣦⣤⣴⣧⣼⣶⣶⣿
⣧⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡟⠻⠛⡛⡟⠛⢛⢻⠻⡻⢻⠛⡛⣿⢻⣻⣟⠟⠟⢻⠻⠛⠟⠟⡟⠿⣟⠟⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠻⡟⢻⠛⠟⠿⠛⠟⠛⠛⠟⢻⠻⣻⠻⠛⢻⡻⡻⠻⢻⠻⠟⠻⠛⣟⠟⠻⡻⢻⠛⣟⣟⠟⡟⠛⠛⣻⡟⠛⠟⠻⡟⠛⢻
⡷⠾⡶⠺⠿⠷⠷⠿⠺⣿⠾⡾⠲⠷⡶⢶⠿⠶⠾⠾⠶⢶⠷⠶⢷⠲⠷⠷⢶⠶⢲⢲⡶⠞⠓⠾⠶⢶⠿⢶⠒⠶⠶⠶⡾⠿⡾⠾⢶⠳⠶⠷⢳⠾⠲⢶⠷⢶⠷⠷⡶⠾⠾⡾⠾⢾⠷⠷⠖⢳⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾
⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣤⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣤⣶⣶⣧⣼⣴⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣾⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣧⣶⣾⣶⣦⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡏⡙⠛⢛⡏⠍⡩⢹⠙⢻⠙⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠙⢛⡟⠻⠛⠙⡟⠛⠛⢛⡛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣟⢻⠛⣟⠛⠻⡛⡛⠋⣻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠻⡟⢛⠛⡟⠛⢛⢛⠛⢻⠉⠛⠛⡟⢋⠛⡛⢻⣿⣿
⡿⠿⠿⢻⠿⠿⣻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⠻⠿⠿⠻⡿⠟⡟⠻⠿⡟⠛⢛⢻⠿⠟⠿⡗⢿⡻⣟⢿⠷⠻⢻⠛⠿⠿⢿⠻⢿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠛⠻⠿⢿⣻⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⢻⣿⠛⡟⢿⠿⠿⡿⠟⡻⢿⣻⠿⢿⠻⠿⠟⡿⠿⣿
⡗⢶⠶⠾⢶⠷⢾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣾⣶⣾⣾⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿
⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠇⠠⠆⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⣷⢶⠀⣳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠙⢿⡃⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣁⣶⡄⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠸⣿⣧⣤⣠⡀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⡴⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣶⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣀⡀⣠⣀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⡏⠉⢀⣈⢛⣿⣿⣿⣦⣹⣿⣟⠻⢿⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣚⣿⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⡀⠈⠛⢿⣿⡿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣉⣮⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⡍⠛⠛⢛⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠝⢿⣿⣿⣾⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣠⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠑⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣦⣾⡙⣿⣿⣿⡿⣣⣻⡃⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢀⣀⠀⣭⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠘⣿⣿⣧⣿⣧⠟⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢳⣶⣶⣦⣤⣍⣛⡿⣠⣿⣿⢸⣿⠟⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⡀⢀⣴⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⣿⣿⣧⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠟⢩⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣭⣭⡍⢫⣭⡍⣭⡍⣭⣭⣭⡉⠁⢠⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⢠⣤⣤⣄⠀⣤⣤⡄⢀⣬⣭⣝⢻⣭⣾⣯⣥⣤⠀⣤⡄⢀⣤⣤⣄⢠⣤⢺⣭⣿⣿⠁⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣧⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⢹⣿⠉⢹⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣏⡁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⡁⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡿⣿⣟⡛⡃⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⢃⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣫⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠛⠛⢸⣿⣽⣿⣼⣿⢿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢻⣿⣏⣿⡟⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡟⠇⣿⣿⣤⣤⢸⣿⣧⣭⣿⣿⡆⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠿⠹⠿⠿⠿⠘⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠸⠿⠄⠸⠿⠸⠿⠷⠿⠿⠿⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠃⠿⠿⠿⣻⠿⠿⣟⡸⠿⣏⡿⠿⠿⣃⠿⢇⣿⠿⠿⣟⡸⠿⣸⠿⢟⣿⠿⠟⢁⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿
⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣤⢀⣠⣄⡀⠀⢀⣛⣿⣿⣟⡿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢁⣀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⢹⣿⡆⠀⠾⣿⡇⠀⣼⡏⠾⠿⣽⣿⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⠿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⣿⡿⠋⢱⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠤⢸⣿⢾⣿⡦⠤⠄⣿⡇⢤⣿⠡⠤⣼⣿⠣⠦⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡇⣟⡻⣿⡎⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠾⠿⠾⠷⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡇⠀⠸⣿⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⡇⣾⡏⣞⢾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⡇⢿⣷⣿⠏⣶⣶⡶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣿⡖⢠⡼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡰⠄⠀⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣝⣅⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠛⢢⠂⠀⠐⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠑⠁⣁⡾⢢⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠈⣉⣝⠁⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣬⣽⣿⡄⣸⣤⣶⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣏⠀⠴⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡟⠿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣟⣶⡊⠀⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡟⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡀⠜⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⡶⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡛⠃⣻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡴⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡿⠉⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡗⣵⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠓⠰⣦⢽⣶⣾⠀⠀⣆⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⡟⠆⠀⠀⠈⠙⢛⣿⣷⡀⠙⠆⠀⢤⡈⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣤⡀⠀⣠⣤⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡄⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣦⡄⠀⣤⢰⢿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠿⢿⣦⡿⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠿⠛⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢱⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⡎⣵⣶⣶⣵⣶⣶⣶⡎⡇⣶⡎⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣰⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⡆⠈⣷⣶⠀⢰⣶⣶⣿⡝⣷⣶⣶⢰⣶⣆⣶⣶⡆⢰⣶⣶⠀⣶⣦⢰⣶⢰⣶⣶⣯⢱⣶⣶⡎⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣷⣍⡡⢸⣿⡇⣾⡇⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡿⣿⡆⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣴⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⡿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿
⣿⡿⣸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⡟⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⠛⠃⢹⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣷⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣉⢸⣿⣿⡿⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⣇⣿⡿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣏⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿
⣿⣟⣛⣛⣤⣛⠛⣛⣥⡙⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠃⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠘⠛⠃⠀⠀⠛⠛⠀⣘⣛⣛⣛⣧⣛⣛⣛⣘⣛⣝⣣⣛⣛⣛⣣⣟⣛⣛⣣⣛⣛⣚⠛⠛⠛⠜⠛⢛⣃⣛⣛⣛⣯⣿⣿⠿
⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⢀⣀
⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡓⢄⠀⠉⠴⠿⣿⡟⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿
⡟⡻⠛⡟⢛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠛⡿⢛⠛⣻⠛⣟⠛⠻⢟⣟⢻⠛⡛⢻⠛⠛⡿⠟⡛⢻⠛⡟⠛⢿⣛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⢛⡟⢿⡛⠟⠛⠛⠟⣟⢟⡟⢛⠛⡟⡛⡛⡛⠛⡟⠛⡟⠛⠻⣟⠛⠛⠻⡻⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡿⢿⠟⠟⠿⢿⠿⢿⠟⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠟⡟⡿⢿⢻⢻⠟⠛⠛⢻⢻⠿⠿⠟⢟⢻⢻⠛⠛⢻⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣼⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣦⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣦⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣴⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡏⣫⢻⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠟⠛⠛⠛⡟⠻⠛⠛⡿⠛⠛⠛⢻⠙⢻⢻⠙⠛⡟⠋⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⡏⡛⢻⠙⠛⢻⡛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⠋⠙⠟⠛⠛⡟⠛⡟⠛⢛⠛⢛⢻⠛⠛⠋⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⢻⠋⠛⢻⣿⣿
⡟⡛⢛⣻⠻⢿⡟⠿⡿⡟⠿⠻⠿⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡷⠾⡷⣾⠶⡾⠾⡶⡷⡾⠶⡶⡶⠶⡶⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿
⣷⠷⠾⣶⢷⣶⣴⠿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣾⣷⢶⣴⣿⡾⢿⣷⣾⡾⢷⣶⣾⡶⣿⣿⣶⢷⣶⣾⢷⣷⢶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⢶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⡶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣼⣿⣿
⣧⣤⣤⣽⣤⣥⣽⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣶⣥⣤⣤⣼⣤⣶⣴⣤⣧⣤⣼⣤⣦⣼⣦⣤⣥⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣼⣬⣤⣤⣤⣦⣼⣦⣤⣴⣮⣷⣤⣤⣧⣦⣤⣾⣤⣧⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿
⣇⣪⣋⣉⣉⣯⣉⣉⣍⣁⣸⣈⣉⣟⣝⣉⣌⣉⣸⣨⣏⣩⣝⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣩⣋⣹⣫⣶⣝⣉⣹⣨⣯⣋⣅⣉⣹⣈⣹⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣩⣏⣹⣉⣉⣉⣨⣏⣉⣏⣉⣉⣙⣈⣈⣹⣣⣉⣇⣉⣩⣏⣁⣉⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣯⣝⣉⣉⣉⣙⣍⣏⣋⣉⣉⣉⣋⣏⣉⣏⣫⣉⣉⣹⣩⣙⣽⣉⣉⣹⣍⣭⣫⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡟⡙⠉⢙⣟⢛⢻⡙⠛⠛⣿⡋⠛⣛⡛⠋⣟⠛⡟⢛⠛⡋⠛⡟⠛⡏⠉⡉⢽⠏⠏⢹⠛⠉⠙⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⡏⠛⠛⠙⡏⡛⡟⡛⢻⠉⢉⠩⡟⠛⡏⢻⠛⠛⠛⠋⠻⡏⠹⠛⡟⠛⡟⡛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⡿⡿⢛⠿⠿⢿⢻⡟⡛⡟⡟⡛⢻⣿⡿⠟⡟⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡟⠻⠿⣿⣿⠿⡟⠛⠒⣻⢿⠿⢿⠻⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠟⡿⠿⢿⡿⡿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡿⢶⠾⢷⠶⠾⢿⢶⠶⢿⠶⢾⢾⠿⢶⠷⢾⠶⠶⢿⠶⢶⠷⢶⢾⡷⠶⡾⠷⣿⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡷⢦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⢶⣾⣶⣶⡾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⢶⢾⣶⣷⣶⣷⠷⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣧⣷⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣴⣴⣤⣤⣧⣬⣤⣀⣴⣼⣤⣦⣦⣤⣤⣤⣧⣼⣶⣤⣤⣤⣦⣼⣤⣾⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣼⣀⣤⣼⣤⣀⣬⣧⣤⣮⣦⣤⣧⣄⣤⣤⣤⣼⣦⣦⣼⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡟⠟⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⡟⠻⠿⡟⠟⣛⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠟⠿⢿⣛⠿⢿⠟⢟⡿⠿⠿⢿⠻⢻⠿⠿⠟⠿⠟⡟⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠟⣿
⡷⢶⣿⣾⡶⢾⡶⣶⣶⣶⢷⣶⣶⢿⢶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣷⡶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⠷⣷⣶⣶⡷⢾⣶⣿⢶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⡶⣶⣶⣦⣿⣿⣷⣾⡾⢶⢶⡾⢶⠶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣷⢶⣾⣷⣶⢶⡶⢶⡶⢶⡷⣾⣶⣿
⣧⣤⣴⣯⣤⣼⣤⣤⣬⣶⣼⣤⣤⣼⣵⣼⣴⣦⣤⣬⣾⣤⣧⣤⣤⣯⣦⣤⣽⣴⣵⣽⣴⣧⣤⣮⣾⣤⣼⣴⣤⣴⣴⣵⣤⣦⣼⣤⣧⣮⣦⣤⣤⣤⣦⣼⣤⣤⣼⣵⣧⣤⣬⣦⣤⣼⣤⣦⣤⣤⣿⣬⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣿
⣧⣥⣬⣾⣤⣧⣤⣬⣤⣦⣧⣤⣧⣤⣬⣤⣧⣤⣴⣧⣤⣤⣥⣾⣤⣤⣵⣦⣴⣭⣶⣴⣼⣦⣤⣤⣼⣶⣥⣧⣤⣤⣥⣼⣼⣴⣬⣧⣼⣤⣧⣤⣠⣬⣦⣼⣤⣤⣵⣆⣤⣬⣧⣼⣤⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⣽⠋⠉⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠾⠿⢿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣯⣱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣽⡿⡽⣮⣕⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣟⢞⣓⣇⣿⡿⠿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡼⠗⠀⠀⢀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣆⠀⠀⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠒⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣛⣀⢀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠗⢀⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢘⡃⣿⣿⢸⣧⣿⠀⣿⣼⡇⣿⣿⠘⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢸⣯⣾⣽⢸⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣣⣷⣻⣾⠻⠟⠿⠼⠹⡇⠀⣿⣹⣷⡿⣿⣼⣏⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡄⣠⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠻⣟⠾⢽⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⢳⡶⡮⡏⣶⣦⢠⣶⣄⣤⢤⡀⣤⣤⣤⣄⡀⢀⣉⠀⡀⢹⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣫⣵⣧⡏⣿⣿⣼⣽⣸⡛⣶⣾⢹⣯⢭⣿⣻⢿⣻⢿⡿⢿⣿
⣿⣿⡟⣿⢿⡇⡇⣿⡿⢸⡟⠣⢣⣿⠛⣼⣿⡏⣛⢾⣹⡿⢸⡏⢸⡇⣿⢸⣷⣿⣿⢘⣋⣷⠈⠉⠉⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠁⠓⠋⠛⠀⠿⠤⠏⣇⡿⣿⢸⡇⣿⣾⣼⢹⣷⣷⣿
⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠁⠈⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠘⠛⠁⠛⠚⠙⠃⠸⠇⠸⠇⠿⠿⠻⠟⣿⢸⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⡲⢰⢶⣤⣤⡄⣤⡈⠀⠉⠽⠯⠞⠹⠹⠿
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠖⠒⣲⠶⠶⠶⠂⠀⠖⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⡿⢾⣼⢹⣿⣷⡗⣰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⣶⣶⣬⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣶⣾⣾⣯⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡿⠿⢿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⡺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣸⣷⣄⣼⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⢤⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣹⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡈⡁⠙⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠙⣿⣷⠀⠀⠠⣄⣠⡄⣤⣠⣠⡄⣿⣿⢻⡟⣟⣿⣿⣟⡻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⢀⡀⣀⢀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⢀⡈⢛⡟⣆⢸⣻⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠃⠈⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⡿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣥⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⢸⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⣿⣼⡇⠜⣧⡏⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠿⠇⠿⠿⠇⠿⠾⠸⣿⢿⣿⠿⠾⣇⡿⠼⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⢿⡇⠀⣿⠁⢿⣽⡇⢿⣼⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡄⢠⡴⣤⠤⣤⠄⣬⣭⢫⡭⣭⢭⣭⢍⣽⣯⢻⡟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣄⣠⣤⡀⣠⣤⣠⣤⢠⣄⣤⡄⠀⣤⠀⣠⣄⢠⡄⣤⢠⣤⠓⣶⢻⣿⣿⣿⢻⡟⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⢈⡻⣦⠀⣿⢀⣿⣿⢸⡗⣯⠂⣿⠀⣦⡿⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⠿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⡇⣿⣾⢿⣿⠄⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣼⢻⡆⣿⢰⢸⡇⣼⣿⢹⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠈⠓⠛⠀⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⢃⣛⣄⣛⣄⣛⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠇⠀⠿⠿⠇⠻⠾⠃⠻⠿⠸⠿⠆⠀⠿⠆⠿⠿⠃⠿⠇⠿⠹⠇⠿⠎⠸⢇⣇⠿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⣄⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⢠⣤⣤⣄⢠⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⣄⠀⣠⣤⣄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⡅⣿⣇⣿⢾⣿⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣾⡟⣿⣯⡅⣿⣧⣿⠟⣿⣼⡛⢸⣿⠈⣿⡏⠉⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣏⡁⣿⡏⠉⢸⣿⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⠘⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⡁⣿⡏⣿⡇⣶⣹⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⢹⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠉⠁⠀⠀⠙⠛⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠀⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠁⠉⠁⠉⠁⠉⠛⠉⠈⠉⠀⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠽⢃⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣛⠻⣿⡿⢟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡄⠈⠻⣟⠁⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣇⣘⣤⣠⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⣷⣄⣄⠀⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠂⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣌⣻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠰⣦⡀⢩⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢟⣻⣿⣿⣛⡿⣿⡋⠉⣿⢟⣛⣿⣿⣛⡛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡗⠀⢀⣤⣿⣧⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡳⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣅⠙⡟⣠⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡌⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣸⡇⢻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⡄⠰⠀⠀⣣⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡧⢈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣦⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣄⣤⡄⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣛⣻⣏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⢫⣷⢾⣟⢻⣿⣥⣶⣶⣠⣶⣶⡄⣶⣶⣶⢴⣶⢡⣶⣶⡄⣶⣆⣶⡆⠂⣶⣶⡆⣴⡶⣦⣰⣶⣶⣦⢶⢂⣶⢶⣦⢰⣶⣶⣶⣆⣶⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣍⣉⠉⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣧⣿⢿⣿⣾⣟⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣷⡆⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢸⣟⠿⣾⣝⢸⣿⣶⢸⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⣷⣄⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣼⡟⢸⡏⣿⢹⣿⢻⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣇⣿⡟⣿⣷⣶⣿⣇⣆⣿⣧⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢸⡟⣿⣼⣿⢸⣿⣭⣾⡟⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⡤⠤⢤⣦⣤⣤⡄⣶⡶⠶⠶⠶⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠠⠤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⠤⠈⢹⡗⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠤⢤⣤⣿⣯⣤⣤⣶⣾⣾⣇⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣟⣳⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣽⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⡿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣛⣻⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣹⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠙⡇⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣯⣽⡿⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⢀⣀⠀⢐⣚⣛⠻⣛⡛⣛⣐⢖⣀⠀⡀⣐⡛⣃⡈⢁⣈⣙⠻⣿⣿⡟⣊⣛⣀⠞⢋⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣐⡺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿
⠘⢫⣵⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣯⣽⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢠⣿⡏⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⣸⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣏⠿⠇⣿⡿⠇⣿⡏⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⡀⣿⡏⣿⡇⡟⣿⡟⣷⣿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠬⠉⠻⢸
⢸⣶⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⡿⠿⠿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⡇⣈⡻⣿⡆⠉⠀⠀⣿⡟⣿⡆⣾⣇⣿⡇⣿⡟⣿⡇⠇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡸⠷⠦⢸
⠘⣿⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠾⠿⠀⠿⣷⡿⠃⠿⠇⠸⠇⠻⠿⢰⣆⡿⣷⡿⢇⡻⣷⣿⠏⣶⢠⡀⠿⠷⠿⠇⠿⠏⠿⠷⠿⠇⠿⠇⠄⠿⡇⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⢠⣶⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢸
⠀⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣤⢠⡤⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣞⣧⣵⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣾⣿⢸
⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣻⣿⡀⢠⠸⠻⣿⣿⣿⣧⣆⣻⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⢸
⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢼⣛⡼⠠⠥⠀⠀⢴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢼⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢰⡈⣦⠰⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿
⣿⣧⡀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⣦⠀⠀⠠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠀⢿⣧⡺⣿⣿⣿⡿⡁⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢭⣄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻
⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣨⡝⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠗⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣍⣤⣼⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⢁⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣮⡑⠻⣿⣧⡷⠟⠉⠉⢻⣯⣭⡉⠉⡹⡿⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣯⣿⡛⢉⣟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠀⠚⠛⠛⠛⠒⠛⠃⠉⠁⠀⢠⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣙⣛⣭⣾⣿⣿⠺⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠭⠩⠶⠦⠄⠀⠸⣿⣿⣧⢀⣿⣷⢀⡆⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡄⠀⠨⣭⡤⠀⣀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣄⣀⣀⣶⣾⢶⣿⣏⡁⡤⠈⡃⠾⢋⣼⣷⡀⠀⠀⢈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣴⣞⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠩⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠿⢉⣷⡶⠾⠿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣧⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣶⣯⣼⣯⣷⣿⣾⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡇⢰⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⢻⣿⡿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⢽⣿⠇⢸⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠟⢁⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⢀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠶⠿⠷⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢹
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⣤⡀⢠⣷⣄⣰⣷⣄⣰⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣤⢼
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⡶⢦⠀⢠⣀⠀⣴⣦⣀⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢸⣷⣄⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⡿⣽⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢹
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢻⣿⣾⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢀⣾⣿⣿⡿⣡⢻⢡⢻⠁⣿⣿⣼
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠿⠿⠇⣿⣎⢸⣮⣸⣜⢿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣟⣛⣿⣷⣾
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠘⣷⣮⢛⣲⡾⠿⠿⡻⣿⣿⣯⣼
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡘⢿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡌⢈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠸⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣛⣛⣛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣢⣙⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢬⣭⣥⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⡫⣸
⢸⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣀⣀⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣛⣛⣭⣵⣶⣿⣿⣼
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢘⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣍⣕⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠉⢸
⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠛⠛⠿⠿⣾⣿⣯⣽⣟⣻⡿⠿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣭⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣆⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢛⣋⣭⣝⣛⠋⠁⠀⡀⡄⣼
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⠻⠿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⠋⠙⠋⠁⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⢆⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣉⣨⣭⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣈⣛⣽⣿
⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀⣶⡆⢀⣴⡶⣶⡰⣶⡆⣶⡶⣶⣶⣶⠀⢰⣶⢰⣶⢩⣶⢶⣯⢹⣶⢱⣶⡎⠀⣶⢱⣶⢶⣦⠂⣶⣶⡎⣶⣶⣾⡅⢡⣶⢶⣦⢪⣶⢶⣮⢱⣶⣶⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠈⠩⠵⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⢠⣶⡄⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⣧⡤⠀⠀⣿⣿⠇⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣼⣿⠀⣿⣧⡄⣿⣧⣿⡇⣿⣿⣘⣛⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⠐⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾
⠛⠋⠉⠉⢠⣀⠈⠁⠁⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣇⡸⣿⣇⣿⡇⢻⣿⣿⠃⣿⣏⣀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⢇⡀⢀⢸⣿⣸⣿⡇⣿⣇⡂⣿⡇⣿⡇⢿⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⢇⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠀⠀⠛⠛⠃⠙⠛⠋⠀⠘⠛⠛⠀⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠈⠙⠛⠁⠀⠙⠛⠋⠨⢇⣾⣜⠛⣻⣯⣤⣟⣛⣣⣟⣣⣟⣧⣌⠛⣫⣻⣤⣝⣛⣫⣾⣜⣛⡄⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣦⣦⢤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣀⣆⣄⣴⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢾⣾⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡤⣠⣀⣤⣤⠤⠠⠤⠤⣤⣸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣦⣤⣧⣷⣿⣿⡟⣿⠁⠈⠸⢿⣿⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣿⡟⠁⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⡟⢹⣿⣦⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣀⡄⠀⠉⠛⠋⢠⣴⣤⣄⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡷⣿⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⡉⠛⢻⣿⡿⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣷⡤⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣷⡿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠲⢾⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢸
⠰⣂⣤⣾⣿⣿⣶⣤⣼⣿⣧⠛⠛⠓⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢿⣿⠁⠈⠛⠛⢿⣶⡶⣼⡟⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢚⣹⣯⣹⣟⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⣤⢠⣤⠀⣠⣤⡭⣢⣿⣅⠐⠚⠛⠹⠿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⢄⡘⠁⡀⠀⢸
⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⢉⠘⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣴⣾⣾⣿⣷⣶⣤⣰⣶⣶⣶⢿⣷⢿⣿⣣⣴⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⢿⣶⣿⣌⣿⣿⣧⠀⢶⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⢠⡾⢃⡶⠋⠀⠔⡉⠀⢸
⠀⠽⣛⠿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣯⡌⣛⣿⡿⠿⠛⠻⠟⠁⢈⣯⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣧⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⣸⣿⠿⢿⣿⡅⣼⣀⣘⣿⣷⣍⣤⡷⠜⠀⠋⠁⠠⣦⣶⠉⠗⢸
⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠦⠉⠛⠛⠀⠙⠛⢤⣔⠛⠀⠀⠀⠚⢿⣿⡅⠀⠙⢻⣧⣤⣤⣶⡻⠃⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⢻⣻⣤⣴⣿⣾⠛⠋⠉⠀⢀⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⢹⣋⣠⣸
⣠⣶⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠎⢻⠷⣀⠓⣠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⢠⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⠋⢉⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣴⣾⣾⣿⡿⠚⠛⠛⠉⠛⢿
⢸⣟⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⠛⠛⠿⢿⣧⣴⣿⣿⠟⢻⡛⠁⠀⣒⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢯⣼⣻⣿⡿⣏⠀⢠⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣛⣛⠛⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠙⠿⠿⠟⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣿⣽
⢸⡿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣧⣤⡀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣧⣤⣽⣷⡨⠏⢿⡇⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡍⠻⢿⣿⣿
⢘⣷⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠀⢀⣔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡎⠉⠀⢠⣞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣭⣉⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣤⣀⣄⣤⣴⣦⡬⠅⠒⠒⠒⢸
⠈⠀⣀⢠⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣽⣧⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢶⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣾⡻⠋⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⣼
⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠟⣶⣤⡀⣿⡆⠀⠀⣿⣷⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠛⠉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠈⠛⠛⠛⠋⠀⠈⠉⠉⣭⠉⠉⠉⠤⣴⣯⣭⣥⣤⣤⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣟⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⢿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢉⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠈⣷⣾⣁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸
⠀⣠⣴⡿⠿⠿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⡀⢀⡀⠹⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣯⡱⠷⠈⠿⠟⠛⢛⣿⣿⡟⠁⢀⣙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣈⣿⣧⣰⣿⣿⡛⠛⠁⢸
⠚⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡕⣶⣿⣿⡧⢠⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣁⠀⣠⣠⣦⠌⠉⠁⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⡤⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣾⣯⠉⣀⣒⣺⡟⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣶⣿⣿⢛⣛⠃⠀⠘⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠈⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢀⣴⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣯⣾⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣷⠀⡀⢿⡻⠛⢛⡠⠃⣼⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⡿⣿⣆⢈⣙⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠇⣀⡄⠀⠀⠁⠀⣠⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⣠⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⣼⡻⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⣿⣷⣆⢀⠀⣶⡆⠀⠀⢸⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣰⣶⣿⣦⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1528

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

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⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ [Meme]_António_Lost_His_Power_Over_Patent_Examiners⠀✐


Posted in Europe, Patents at 10:31 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Time to hit the bottle?


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇When_you_realise_the_staff_can_go_on_strike_any_time!⦈_


Summary: Team Campinos at the EPO must be rather stressed at the moment; the
people who do all the work can go on strike any time (or all the time, until/
unless demands are met)


⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣛⢛⣛⢛⣛⣛⡛⣛⡛⣛⣛⢛⣛⢿⣻⣿⣟⡿⣟⡿⣻⣿⡿⣟⡟⣟⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⢿⣛⣻⢿⣟⣻⠿⣿⣿⢿⣻⢟⣿⣟⢿⣛⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣼⡏⣿⣧⣿⡇⣿⣏⢸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣼⣷⡿⢸⣿⢹⣷⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⢸⣿⣉⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⢿⣯⣛⢺⣿⣉⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⡇⣿⡏⣿⡇⣿⣏⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣷⣸⣿⣸⡿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⢸⣿⣉⣸⣷⣿⡇⣿⣟⢸⣿⣴⣟⣿⣾⣿⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣭⣬⣭⣵⣭⣥⣭⣥⣭⣭⣭⣽⣮⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣷⣽⣯⣿⣮⣿⣯⣾⣿⣭⣥⣭⣬⣭⣭⣭⣵⣭⣭⣭⣭⣬⣽⣮⣿⣯⣾⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣵⢿⣿⠇⣿⣶⣿⢰⣿⠿⣸⢳⣾⢿⡆⢿⣿⢷⢸⣿⣧⢹⣿⠷⣾⡿⢯⡿⣷⡿⣷⡍⣿⣿⡏⣿⣇⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣶⢩⣾⢿⣮⣿⢻⣿⣷⡏⣿⣇⣿⣿⣯⣾⢿⣦⠿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣶⡏⣿⡇⣿⣧⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠷⣽⣎⣻⣷⣜⢻⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢶⣿⡿⣾⡇⣿⡇⣉⣡⣿⣹⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣻⢷⣮⠇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡅⣿⡇⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡸⠿⣀⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠶⣹⣞⠿⠾⢟⡼⠿⣀⠿⢏⠿⠾⠿⣸⠿⠇⣿⣧⡻⠷⢿⡹⠿⡹⠿⠿⣟⠿⣿⣧⡿⠿⠿⣘⠿⠾⣿⣿⣼⠿⠿⣇⠿⣟⠿⣿⣯⡿⠾⢿⣄⠿⣿⡸⠿⠿⢇⠿⢇⠿⢟⠿⠼⠿⠾⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⡛⡋⠉⢄⣉⢈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣦⣴⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢟⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣯⠴⢒⣒⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠃⣯⠽⠃⢠⣤⣤⣤⡤⠱⠤⠄⠀⠐⠲⠼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠺⠉⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠌⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡤⣋⡄⣸⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠈⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣶⠀⠀⠀⢠⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠯⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢈⣭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡉⠏⠀⠀⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠒⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣿⡿⠟⠻⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡆⠀⠀⢸⠟⠋⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣻⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣶⣄⣠⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⢀⣀⣠⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⢻
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⣲⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣸
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠿⠉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣴⣶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢻⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣧⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣦⣄⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣟⠛⡟⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣄⠀⠀⣀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡻⡆⢀⣀⣀⣀⢸⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣚⣒⣛⣛⣛⣛⡻⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣧⠁⣿⣿⣿⡟⠘⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿
⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⠸⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⡇⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⢠⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣠⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣾⠗⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿
⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿
⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣇⣼⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿
⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⢛⣣⡀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⣛⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1607

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Links_30/7/2021:_Audacity_3.0.3_and_KD_Chart_2.8.0⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 7:02 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Distributions
          o Devices/Embedded
    * Free_Software/Open_Source
    * Leftovers
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o ⚓ 5_Top_Questions_To_Ask_A_Linux_Developer_During_An_Interview [Ed:
            Some revisionism here about history]⠀⇛


                 First, it is essential to ask, “What is the difference
                 between Linux and UNIX?” This is a great Linux question
                 for interviewers because you can test the candidate’s
                 knowledge of two different subjects at the same time. As
                 your interviewee answers, you should look for them to say
                 that UNIX is the operating system that Linux is based on.
                 In addition, they may point out that Linux is free and
                 open source. Primarily, it is community developed,
                 whereas UNIX was developed by larger tech companies. Your
                 prospective Linux developers may bring up the advantages
                 of Linux as well. For example, it usually has more user
                 interfaces, programming options, and fewer viruses.


          o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾


                # ⚓ Ubuntu_Podcast_from_the_UK_LoCo:_S14E21_–_Gladiator_Suits
                  Share⠀⇛


                       This week we’ve been selling more things on eBay
                       and return to the office. We round up news from the
                       Ubuntu community and discuss our picks from the
                       wider tech news.


                       It’s Season 14 Episode 21 of the Ubuntu Podcast!
                       Alan Pope, Mark Johnson and Martin Wimpress are
                       connected and speaking to your brain.


                # ⚓ MX_Linux_21_Beta_1⠀⇛


                       Today we are looking at MX Linux 21 Beta 1. It
                       comes with Linux Kernel 5.10, XFCE 4.16, and uses
                       about 1GB of ram when idling.


                # ⚓ MX_Linux_21_Beta_1_Run_Through⠀⇛


                       In this video, we are looking at MX Linux 21 Beta
                       1.


                # ⚓ Nano_Or_Vim?_Which_Terminal_Text_Editor_Should_You_Use?⠀⇛


                       It is important for Linux users to be comfortable
                       using a terminal-based text editor like GNU Nano or
                       Vim, because sometimes you are going to have to
                       edit configuration files without being in a
                       graphical environment. But which terminal text
                       editor is the right one for you?


                # ⚓ Tom_Brought_me_a_3D_Printed_Raspberry_Pi_rack!⠀⇛


                       Tom visited the LearnLinuxTV studio recently to
                       present Jay with an awesome gift – a 3D Printed
                       Raspberry Pi Rack that he and his crew built! In
                       this video, we’ll talk a bit about the build and
                       give you our thoughts.


                # ⚓ Other_OS_overview_|_Haiku_R1_Beta_3⠀⇛


                       In this video, I am going to show an overview of
                       Haiku R1 Beta 3 and some of the applications pre-
                       installed.


                # ⚓ Ulauncher:_Application_Launcher_With_Style⠀⇛


                       My go to launcher is dmenu but if you want
                       something a little prettier but you’re not a fan of
                       configuring rofi, ulauncher might be the app for
                       you, plus it comes with a very established plugin
                       community.


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ Paragon’s_NTFS_Driver_For_The_Linux_Kernel_Spun_Up_A_27th
                  Time⠀⇛


                       Those having to deal with data stored on NTFS
                       partitions from Linux have been eagerly awaiting
                       the “NTFS3″ kernel driver that Paragon Software has
                       been working now for a year to upstream into the
                       Linux kernel. No pull request has been sent in yet
                       but the twenty-seventh spin of this driver was
                       published today.


                # ⚓ Linux_Plumbers_Conference:_System_Boot_and_Security
                  Microconference_Accepted_into_2021_Linux_Plumbers
                  Conference⠀⇛


                       We are pleased to announce that the System Boot and
                       Security Microconference has been accepted into the
                       2021 Linux Plumbers Conference. This
                       microconference brings together those that are
                       interested in the firmware, bootloaders, system
                       boot and security. The events around last year’s
                       BootHole showed how crucial platform initialization
                       is for the overall system security. Those events
                       may have showed the shortcomings in the current
                       boot process, but they have also tightened the
                       cooperation between various companies and
                       organizations. Now is the time to use this
                       opportunity to discuss the lessons learned and what
                       can be done to improve in the future. Other
                       cooperation discussions are also welcomed like
                       those based on legal and organizational issues
                       which may hinder working together.


                # ⚓ Keynote_Speakers_and_Conference_Schedule_Announced_for_Open
                  Networking_&_Edge_Summit_+_Kubernetes_on_Edge_Day_2021⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Keynote_Speakers_and_Conference_Schedule_Announced_for_Open
                  Networking_&_Edge_Summit_+_Kubernetes_on_Edge_Day_2021⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Embedded_Linux_Conference_2021_schedule_published,_4_talks
                  from_Bootlin⠀⇛


                       This year, the ELC will take place in Seatle but
                       will be organised as a hybrid virtual/physical
                       event due to the pandemic. As usual the ELC will
                       have a really interesting schedule with 46 talks
                       covering a wide range of topics: build system,
                       kernel graphics, boot process, security, etc.


          o § Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Audacity_3.0.3_Released,_Official_Appimage_for_Linux_/Auto
                  Checking_Updates⠀⇛


                       Audacity audio editor and recorder 3.0.3 was
                       released a few days ago. Finally it adds official
                       Linux binary via Appimage.


                       Audacity 3.0.3 comes with minor bug-fixes, and
                       binary changes. For Windows users, now it provides
                       64-bit EXE and 32-bit plug-ins will not work on the
                       release.


                       The release introduced automatic app update
                       checking. According to the updated Privacy Notice,
                       Audacity needs a network connection for update
                       checking. And this shares your IP address, OS, and
                       Audacity version. You can disable the feature in
                       the Preferences.


                # ⚓ You_can_now_support_the_Flatpak_package_format_on_Open
                  Collective⠀⇛


                       Flatpak is the next-generation of packing
                       applications and games for Linux and now you can
                       directly support it.


                       The idea behind Flatpak is that anything packaged
                       up with it will work across multiple distributions,
                       with a stable environment for everything thanks to
                       common libraries to link against and developers can
                       add any dependencies they need right into the
                       package to ensure it works everywhere. Sandboxing
                       is another prominent feature and one of the main
                       goals of Flatpak packages, to increase security by
                       isolating applications from each other with
                       sandboxing and giving limited access to your
                       operating system.


                # ⚓ ‘Now_Clocking’_is_a_Hybrid_Clock/Now_Playing_Conky_for_Your
                  Desktop⠀⇛


                       I’ve been looking for a decent “Now Playing” widget
                       for my Ubuntu desktop for a while now, having been
                       inspired by some Rainmeter setups I saw in a thread
                       on Windows desktops.


                       And I finally found one — but it took some
                       searching.


                       Now, I appreciate that the days of showing your
                       currently playing track on your actual desktop is
                       are gone. It’s 2021, and most Linux desktop
                       environments (including GNOME, which Ubuntu uses)
                       support MPRIS controls in some form or another.


                       Standalone now playing ‘widgets’ (like the much-
                       missed CoverGloobus, pictured as part of a
                       particularly impressive desktop below) are few and
                       far between.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ How_to_play_Yooka-Laylee_on_Linux⠀⇛


                       Yooka-Laylee is a platformer game developed by Team
                       7, which was the original developer team behind the
                       N64 game Banjo-Kazooie. Here’s how to play this
                       game on your Linux PC.


                # ⚓ How_to_use_Rocky_Linux_as_a_Docker_container_image_–
                  TechRepublic⠀⇛


                       Rocky Linux has emerged as one of the top
                       contenders to replace CentOS for many businesses.
                       And for most, that server-centric Linux
                       distribution will be deployed mostly on bare metal
                       or as a virtual machine. But there’s another route
                       to take, one that should have container developers
                       quite pleased.


                       The developers of Rocky Linux have released a
                       container image, so you can start developing your
                       containers based on the new Linux distribution from
                       the originator of CentOS itself. The benefits of
                       this include having a powerful, secure distribution
                       for which to base your containers. And because this
                       is an official release, you can be sure it’s been
                       vetted and is safe to use.


                # ⚓ How_to_play_Mirror’s_Edge_on_Linux⠀⇛


                       Mirror’s Edge is an action/platformer game for PC,
                       Xbox 360, and PS3. It was developed by DICE and
                       published by Electronic Arts. It is set in a
                       futuristic city and follows Faith Connors, an
                       underground parkour courier. Here’s how to play it
                       on Linux.


                # ⚓ How_to_install_Funkin’_VS_Impostor_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛


                       Today we are looking at how to install Funkin’ VS
                       Impostor on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/
                       audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the
                       process step by step and use the commands below.


                # ⚓ How_to_disable_password_login_on_Linux_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                       This tutorial explains how to disable login on
                       Linux both when connecting through ssh.


                       After reading this tutorial, you will know how to
                       disable ssh password login enabling key
                       authentication instead, increasing your system
                       security. If you are looking for a way to disable
                       the root login only, check this tutorial instead.


                # ⚓ How_to_align_text_in_HTML_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                       “Hypertext markup language” is the basic language
                       of designing a website. Html is known to be a
                       front-end language to design the interface of a
                       website. There are many functions regarding this
                       language. The commands used for designing are known
                       as tags. These tags combine to develop a website. A
                       single HTML code file is responsible for a static
                       website that is not running. Html contents are
                       text, image, shapes, color, alignment, etc.
                       Alignment is an important ingredient in designing
                       as it determines the respective content to handle
                       at a specific place. We will discuss some basic
                       examples in this guide.


                # ⚓ How_to_Use_lsof_Command_in_Linux_to_List_Open_Files_–_Make
                  Tech_Easier⠀⇛


                       The good thing about Linux is that you can easily
                       view and manage everything, from the boot process
                       to the installation of software packages. Here we
                       discuss how you can use the lsof command in Linux
                       to view open files and the processes using them.
                       Knowing how to view this can help you understand
                       how the system works and even take the necessary
                       actions for specific processes.


                # ⚓ How_to_Make_an_Animated_GIF_in_Ubuntu_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                       GIF also knows as Graphics Interchange Format; it
                       has become very popular among social media users in
                       absolutely no time since its introduction. Reason
                       behind the popularity is its low size compared to
                       images and videos. GIF posts attracted more users
                       on popular social media platforms like Facebook,
                       Google Plus, WhatsApp, and Twitter than any other
                       image or video posts.


                       Many of you might have thought, how one can make a
                       GIF on Linux and its distribution like Ubuntu? So,
                       today I’m going to show you just that. We’re going
                       to have a look at several ways to make animated GIF
                       in Ubuntu. So, without making further delay, let’s
                       get started.


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_DVWA_on_Kali_Linux_for_Pentesting_Practice⠀⇛


                       Anybody who wants to get started with Ethical
                       hacking or wants to advance their skills in
                       penetration testing will need a platform to
                       practice whatever they learn using the various
                       security tools available.


                       Performing penetration tests on systems without
                       administrative permission is considered illegal and
                       can land you in huge problems, including a jail
                       term with hefty fines.
                       Practice makes perfect, but then, where do you
                       practice hacking skills?


                       There are so many platforms available that you can
                       use to practice penetration testing. Some of these
                       are online platforms like TryHackMe, HackTheBox,
                       etc.


                # ⚓ How_do_I_check_if_a_package_is_installed_on_Debian_and
                  Ubuntu_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                       By reading this tutorial, you’ll learn how to check
                       if a package is installed on Debian-based Linux
                       distributions, including Ubuntu.


                # ⚓ How_To_Install_OneDrive_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
                       OneDrive on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who
                       didn’t know, Microsoft’s OneDrive is one of the
                       most popular cloud storage service platforms
                       offered by Microsoft, similar to Dropbox, Google
                       Drive. In the software market and it is an obvious
                       choice for companies and customers who frequently
                       use Microsoft Office programs like Excel and Word.
                       We will learn some of the benefits here.


                       This article assumes you have at least basic
                       knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
                       most importantly, you host your site on your own
                       VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
                       you are running in the root account, if not you may
                       need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
                       privileges. I will show you the step-by-step
                       installation of the Microsoft OneDrive on Ubuntu
                       20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same
                       instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other
                       Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.


                # ⚓ What_Is_an_AppImage_File_and_How_to_Run_It_on_Linux⠀⇛


                       AppImage is a software distribution format for
                       Linux that aims to solve two of the most pressing
                       issues with traditional Linux packages:
                       distribution and installation.


                       If you’ve downloaded a program in the AppImage
                       format and are wondering how to install or run it
                       on your system, this guide will help you out.


                       Follow along as we delve into AppImage, its
                       advantages over traditional Linux packages, and the
                       steps you need to follow to run an AppImage file on
                       your Linux machine.


                # ⚓ View_and_Manage_Docker_Logs_[Complete_Beginner_Guide]⠀⇛


                       Knowledge on logging with Docker can be very
                       helpful for day-to-day system administration
                       activities, be it troubleshooting or basic
                       monitoring. Without tracking logs on Docker,
                       mitigating issues would be a lot more difficult
                       when investigating anomalies.


                       This write-up explores some important information
                       on that area to make it easier to understand how to
                       manage Docker associated log files on your Linux
                       system.


                       Let me start by exploring the most basic parts and
                       gradually go deeper into some specifics.


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Steam_Deck_kills_Total_War_Saga:_Troy_Linux_port_–_but_what
                  does_this_mean_for_other_games?⠀⇛


                       Total War Saga: Troy won’t be ported to Linux, with
                       the potential native version of the game having
                       been officially canned by Feral Interactive – and
                       doubt being cast on further conversions to Linux.


                       Feral is well-known for porting big-name games
                       across to Linux, but with Troy it’s only doing a
                       Mac version to follow the release of the strategy
                       game on Steam (following its exclusivity period
                       with Epic expiring).


                # ⚓ In_Spindle_you_become_Death_and_figure_out_why_no_one_is
                  dying_along_with_your_pet_Pig⠀⇛


                       Spindle certainly has an interesting premise that’s
                       worth keeping an eye on. You take on the role of
                       Death, as you try to find out why no one seems to
                       able to die, with your pet Pig companion.


                       “Spindle is an old-school zeldaesque action-
                       adventure where you slip into the role of Death.
                       But you won’t be alone: A loyal companion, a friend
                       who will stay at your side even through the darkest
                       of times, a mate you can always rely on will always
                       follow you: The pig. Your little shiny pink buddy.
                       In fact, the pig is more than that. It will help
                       you on your mission, to restore the natural order.”


                # ⚓ Open_3D_Engine_(O3DE)_gets_real_close_to_properly_working
                  Linux_support,_free_Kythera_AI_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛


                       We mentioned recently that the newly announced Open
                       3D Engine (O3DE) from the Linux Foundation and
                       Amazon AWS was closer to proper Linux support, and
                       we have a fresh update on that.


                       The initial pull request from developer Fabio
                       Anderegg on hooking up Linux support for the Editor
                       has now been closed, as a bunch of work towards it
                       has low landed upstream into the main project –
                       which is great progress. Anderegg mentioned on
                       Twitter yesterday (July 28) that the O3DE
                       development branch builds and runs on Linux with a
                       tiny patch!


                # ⚓ Proton_Experimental_updated_for_Microsoft_Flight_Simulator,
                  Origin_fixes_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛


                       Here we go again, ahead of the weekend a fresh
                       version of Proton Experimental has gone live
                       allowing you to test the latest adjustments for
                       playing Windows games on Linux. If you’re not clear
                       on what Proton and Steam Play are, be sure to check
                       out our constantly updated dedicated page.


          o § Distributions⠀➾


                # ⚓ In_the_pandemic_of_global_neo-liberal_capitalist
                  dictatorship_we_are_still_here⠀⇛


                       We are closely following the renewed explosion of
                       the Kiss-Linux project. Read their latest news
                       stories in their new site kisslinux.org so we don’t
                       paraphrase what has been done. No more Xorg, still
                       faithful to the promise of no-elogind, clean
                       wayland, seatd, sway, etc.


                       Glaucus, Sabotage, Mere Linux continuing their
                       development. Don’t forget them because of problems
                       normal on Alpha-Beta transitions.


                       Obarun: Still undermined by gossip from Arch and
                       other rivals who just piece other developers’
                       software together to provide a distro having none
                       of their own, in disbelief that 66 provides what it
                       states it provides, and the common easy critic of
                       the unknown by those who fail to comprehend.
                       Without systemd (and its off-spring elogind) Obarun
                       remains the sole solution for an every day working
                       linux system.


                       Void: Apart from mobinmob’s work in his own
                       (repository=https://codeberg.org/mobinmob/void-66/
                       raw/branch/master) to compliment the induction of
                       S6/66 into the repositories, and the many
                       contributions of the Trident Project the
                       development is just rolling along as expected. It
                       is still possible with some maneuvering to run a wm
                       without elogind, dbus, and other pests. Still no
                       sign of development of a new package manager, the
                       old xbps developer left, replaced licenses and left
                       it as it was. As far as we had last seen there was
                       no further change. No urgency I suppose.


                       Linux, the kernel is growing and growing. At what
                       rate, if you haven’t noticed, appears a little
                       alarming. Some very stable distros lark behind, 5.7
                       or earlier. But arch (and void) follow the latest
                       stable kernels. See what the size differential is
                       in Arch while replacing 5.13 with the latest of 5.7
                       (not too long ago):


                # § New Releases⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Solus_4.3_Available_for_Download_and_Installation⠀⇛


                             The latest iteration from the Solus
                             developers is out with kernel 5.13 and plenty
                             of new features, bug fixes, and new hardware
                             support.


                             Solus is the Linux distribution dedicated to
                             the Budgie desktop. And this time around
                             Budgie has received plenty of bug fixes and
                             updates that add up to a much-improved
                             performance and reliability. Those changes to
                             the desktop environment also include new
                             themes, window customizations, improved
                             notifications, screen tracking, and more.


                             But the big additions come by way of the
                             Linux 5.13 kernel. By shipping with this new
                             kernel, Solus introduces support for Apple’s
                             M1 chipset, Intel’s Alder Lake S Graphics,
                             AMD’s FreeSync/Adaptive-Sync, and a generic
                             USB display driver. These additions mean
                             Solus can run on even more hardware and will
                             benefit from the performance gains offered by
                             those chipsets and features.


                # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Java_to_Kubernetes_–_Richard_Sharples,_Red_Hat_–
                        Digital_Anarchist⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ ParData:_A_conduit_for_easy_and_standardized_data_set
                        sharing⠀⇛


                             Sharing and using data sets has never been a
                             smooth job. Data set distributors usually
                             must write extensive documentation about
                             their data sets that data consumers must go
                             through. This documentation is often error-
                             prone, and an inadvertent error can cause
                             significant confusion. On the other hand,
                             data consumers must spend a significant
                             amount of time understanding the structure of
                             the data archive and write complicated code
                             to extract and load them.


                      # ⚓ Red_Hat_Satellite_6.9.4_has_been_released⠀⇛


                             We are pleased to announce that Red Hat
                             Satellite 6.9.4 is generally available as of
                             July 29, 2021.


                             Red Hat Satellite is part of the Red Hat
                             Smart Management subscription that makes it
                             easier for enterprises to manage patching,
                             provisioning, and subscription management of
                             Red Hat Enterprise Linux infrastructure.


                      # ⚓ Red_Hat_and_Nutanix_Announce_Strategic_Partnership_to
                        Deliver_Open_Hybrid_Multicloud_Solutions⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Red_Hat_and_Nutanix_Announce_Strategic_Partnership_to
                        Deliver_Open_Hybrid_Multicloud_Solutions⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Red_Hat,_Nutanix_Join_Hands_To_Deliver_Open_Hybrid
                        Multicloud_Solutions⠀⇛


                             Red Hat and Nutanix have joined forces to
                             enable a powerful solution for building,
                             scaling and managing cloud-native
                             applications on-premises and in hybrid
                             clouds. The collaboration brings together
                             technologies, enabling installation,
                             interoperability and management of Red Hat
                             OpenShift and Red Hat Enterprise Linux with
                             Nutanix Cloud Platform, including Nutanix AOS
                             and AHV.


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # ⚓ Rugged_DIN-rail_PC_promises_not_to_blow_up_in_your_face⠀⇛


                       The system defaults to a dual-core, 1.3GHz Atom x5-
                       E3930 running Linux or Win 10 IoT. You can load up
                       to 8GB DDR3L-1866 RAM via a single socket.


                # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Top_10_Best_Download_Managers_for_Android_Device⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ 8_Best_Android_Tablets_2021_|_Best_Amazon_and_Samsung
                        Tablets⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Android_13′s_internal_tasty_treat_codename_may_have
                        hints_of_espresso_and_chocolate⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ How_to_give_your_phone_an_Android-12-inspired_privacy
                        upgrade_|_Computerworld⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Big_but_affordable:_PRISM+_unveils_two_large_4K
                        Android_10.0_TVs_to_elevate_your_viewing_experience_|
                        Life_|_Malay_Mail⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Xbox_Game_Pass_Android_TV_support_starts_to_show_up-
                        9to5Google⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Hisense_U8G_Android_TV_(65U8G)_review_|_TechRadar⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ OnePlus_9_Pro_5G_Review:_Buy_it_for_‘premium’_Android
                        experience_|_Zee_Business⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Nothing_ear_(1)_review:_Unique_design,_phenomenal
                        sound_|_Android_Central⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Android_Auto_gets_a_new_navigation_app_for_your_off-
                        road_adventures⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ SD_Times_news_digest:_Android_Studio_Arctic_Fox,_Uno
                        Platform_3.9,_and_Couchbase_Server_7_–_SD_Times⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ WayDroid_can_run_Android_apps_on_Linux_without
                        slowdowns⠀⇛


                             There are many ways to run Android apps on
                             desktop computers. Desktop emulators like
                             BlueStacks are popular, you could run Android
                             x86 in a virtual machine (or dual-boot it),
                             or you could wait for Windows 11’s Android
                             app compatibility layer. Anbox is another
                             solution for running Android apps, intended
                             to support Linux and Linux-based smartphones,
                             but it suffers from slow performance on low-
                             power devices. Now there’s another project
                             that aims to bring Android apps to Linux
                             devices, but without the slowdowns and jank
                             commonly found with Anbox.


                             WayDroid (via Linux Smartphones), formerly
                             called Anbox-Halium, is a rebuilt version of
                             Anbox that is designed to use more of the
                             host device’s native hardware than Anbox —
                             which means faster performance. The project’s
                             main focus is running Android apps on Halium-
                             based Linux phones (Halium is similar in
                             concept to Android’s GSI, but for standard
                             Linux), but it can also run on any devices
                             with a mainline Linux kernel.


          o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


                # § Web Browsers⠀➾


                      # § Mozilla⠀➾


                            # ⚓ The_Mozilla_Blog:_2021:_The_year_privacy_went
                              mainstream⠀⇛


                                   It’s been a hell of a year so far for
                                   data privacy. Apple has been launching
                                   broadsides at the ad-tech industry with
                                   each new big privacy feature unveiling.
                                   Google is playing catch-up, promising
                                   that Android users will also soon be
                                   able to stop apps from tracking them
                                   across the internet. Then there’s
                                   WhatsApp, going on a global PR
                                   offensive after changes to its privacy
                                   policy elicited consumer backlash.


                                   There’s no doubt about it, digital
                                   privacy is shaping up as the key tech
                                   battleground in 2021 and the years
                                   ahead. But how did this happen? Wasn’t
                                   digital privacy supposed to be dead and
                                   buried by now? After all, many tech
                                   CEOs and commentators have told us that
                                   a zero-privacy world was inevitable and
                                   that everyone should just get used to
                                   it. Until recently, it would have been
                                   tough to argue that they were wrong.


                                   Over the last 18 months, events have
                                   conspired to accelerate this shift in
                                   public attitudes towards privacy from a
                                   niche concern to something much more
                                   fundamental and mainstream. In the
                                   process, more people also began to see
                                   how privacy and security are
                                   inextricably linked.


                            # ⚓ Mozilla_Addons_Blog:_New_tagging_feature_for
                              add-ons_on_AMO⠀⇛


                                   There are multiple ways to find great
                                   add-ons on addons.mozilla.org (AMO).
                                   You can browse the content featured on
                                   the homepage, use the top navigation to
                                   drill down into add-on types and
                                   categories, or search for specific add-
                                   ons or functionality. Now, we’re adding
                                   another layer of classification and
                                   opportunities for discovery by bringing
                                   back a feature called tags.


                                   We introduced tagging long ago, but
                                   ended up discontinuing it because the
                                   way we implemented it wasn’t as useful
                                   as we thought. Part of the problem was
                                   that it was too open-ended, and anyone
                                   could tag any add-on however they
                                   wanted. This led to spamming, over-
                                   tagging, and general inconsistencies
                                   that made it hard for users to get
                                   helpful results.


                # § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾


                      # ⚓ pg_timetable_v4_is_out!⠀⇛


                             Our team is proud to introduce new major
                             pg_timetable v4 with the new documentation,
                             configuration file support, reimplemented
                             logging machinery, job and task timeouts
                             support, new CopyFromFile built-in
                             functionality, and many more!


                # § Programming/Development⠀➾


                      # ⚓ KD_Chart_2.8.0_has_been_released!⠀⇛


                             KD Chart 2.8.0 has been released!


                             KD Chart is a comprehensive business charting
                             package with many different chart types and a
                             large number of customization options. We are
                             constantly improving the package, and have
                             been doing so for years.


                             KD Chart 2.8.0 is a very minor release. The
                             most notable change is the removal of Qt 4
                             support. Additionally, users will receive a
                             notification that the QMake build system will
                             no longer be supported in KD Chart 3.0, to
                             make way for CMake.


                      # ⚓ How_to_choose_a_low-code_development_platform⠀⇛


                             Today’s low-code and no-code development
                             platforms enable teams of software
                             developers—and even non-coders—to deliver,
                             support, and extend a wide array of
                             applications. They are used to build mobile
                             apps, deliver customer experiences,
                             streamline workflows, modernize legacy
                             applications, automate data integrations, and
                             support data visualizations, to name the more
                             common uses.


                             The major selling points of low-code and no-
                             code development tools are that they can be
                             used successfully by lower-skilled, “citizen”
                             developers; that they can produce apps faster
                             than using native SDKs; and that they can
                             produce apps for less money. Many (but not
                             all) of the commercial low-code and no-code
                             systems offset your savings on labor costs
                             with their licensing fees or subscriptions.


                      # ⚓ AOCC_3.1_Compiler_Performance_Against_Clang_12,_GCC
                        11_On_AMD_EPYC⠀⇛


                             Following the recent benchmarks seeing how
                             AMD’s new AOCC 3.1 compiler has brought some
                             performance improvements over the prior AOCC
                             3.0 release that introduced initial Zen 3
                             optimizations, here are some benchmarks
                             looking at how that latest AMD Optimizing C/
                             C++ Compiler performance compares to the
                             upstream LLVM Clang 12 compiler for which it
                             is based as well as against GCC 11 as the
                             latest GNU compiler release that remains
                             common to Linux systems.


                      # ⚓ C++_Switch_Statement_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                             While we have several circumstances and will
                             need to take different actions depending on
                             the situation, we utilize the switch case
                             declaration. When there are several criteria,
                             we will need to run several instructions when
                             they are met. In this instance, we may use a
                             long if..else-if declaration or a switch
                             statement. If we have multiple criteria, the
                             difficulty with long if…else-if is that it
                             will become complicated. The switch case is
                             indeed a neat and effective way to treat such
                             states. A switch statement enables a mutable
                             just to be compared to a set of values for
                             equivalence. Every value is referred to as a
                             situation, so each situation is verified
                             against the mutable that is already being
                             turned on.


                      # ⚓ Arrays_in_C_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                             An array is a group of data objects of the
                             same kind kept nearby in ram. Inside the C
                             programming, arrays are indeed a derivative
                             type of data that may hold primitive data
                             types like int, char, double, float, etc. It
                             may also hold a group of derivative data
                             types like pointers, structures, and so
                             forth. Whenever you wish to record a
                             student’s grades in six courses, we shouldn’t
                             need to create separate variables for each
                             subject’s grades. Alternatively, we may
                             create an array that could hold the marks for
                             every topic in shared memory regions. We may
                             simply retrieve the items by utilizing the
                             array. To retrieve the array’s members, just
                             a few other lines of the C script are
                             necessary. Let’s take a glance at some
                             instances to see the working of arrays in C
                             language. When writing this tutorial, we have
                             been using the Ubuntu 20.04 operating System
                             to elaborate arrays.


                      # ⚓ Count_the_size_of_the_vector_in_C++_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                             The dynamic array can be created by using a
                             vector in C++. One or more elements can be
                             inserted into or removed from the vector at
                             the run time that increases or decreases the
                             size of the vector. The size or length of the
                             vector can be counted using any loop or the
                             built-in function named size(). These ways of
                             counting the size of the vector have been
                             explained in this tutorial by using different
                             examples.


                      # § Python⠀➾


                            # ⚓ PyCharm_2021.2_Released_with_Python_3.10
                              Support_(Ubuntu_PPA)_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛


                                   JetBrains announced the release of
                                   PyCharm 2021.2. Features Python 3.10
                                   support, auto-reload for browser HTML
                                   preview.


                                   Starting with the new release, users
                                   from Asian can enjoy the a fully
                                   localized UI in Chinese, Korean, or
                                   Japanese. And it’s going to end support
                                   for several packages, e.g., mako,
                                   buildout, web2py, in next release.


                            # ⚓ matplotlib_bar_chart_–_Linux_Hint⠀⇛


                                   The human can understand the visual
                                   more as compared to the text form.
                                   That’s why people always suggest
                                   drawing the big data graph to
                                   understand it in a very easy manner.
                                   There are different types of graphs
                                   available in the market like bar
                                   graphs, histograms, pie charts, etc.
                                   These different graphs are used
                                   according to the dataset and
                                   requirements. For example, if you have
                                   a dataset of company performance from
                                   the last 10 years, then the bar chart
                                   graph will give more information about
                                   the company’s growth. So like that, the
                                   graph choice depends upon the dataset
                                   and requirements.


                                   If you are a data scientist, then
                                   sometimes you have to handle the big
                                   data. In that big data, you are
                                   processing the data, analyzing the
                                   data, and then generating the report on
                                   that. To generate the report on that,
                                   you must need some clear image of the
                                   data, and here the graphs come in
                                   place.


                                   In this article, we are going to
                                   explain how to use the matplotlib bar
                                   chat in python.


                                   We can use the categorical data to
                                   represent the bar chart in python. The
                                   bar chart can be horizontal or
                                   vertical, which depends upon your
                                   design way. The heights of the bar
                                   charts depend upon the data points of
                                   the dataset because data points are
                                   directly proportionate to the height or
                                   length of the bar chart.


                      # § Rust⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Announcing_Rust_1.54.0⠀⇛


                                   The Rust team is happy to announce a
                                   new version of Rust, 1.54.0. Rust is a
                                   programming language empowering
                                   everyone to build reliable and
                                   efficient software.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾


                # § Proprietary⠀➾


                      # § Security⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Security_updates_for_Thursday⠀⇛


                                   Security updates have been issued by
                                   Debian (webkit2gtk), Fedora (ruby and
                                   webkit2gtk3), Mageia (aspell and
                                   varnish), openSUSE (git), SUSE (ardana-
                                   cobbler, cassandra, cassandra-kit,
                                   crowbar-core, crowbar-openstack,
                                   documentation-suse-openstack-cloud,
                                   grafana, kibana, openstack-heat-
                                   templates, openstack-monasca-installer,
                                   openstack-nova, python-Django, python-
                                   elementpath, python-eventlet, python-
                                   py, python-pysaml2, python-six, python-
                                   xmlschema and git), and Ubuntu
                                   (libsndfile, mariadb-10.3, and
                                   webkit2gtk).


                            # ⚓ SQL_Injection_Exploitation_Explanation_&
                              Examples_Using_DVWA⠀⇛


                                   This post will explain SQL injection,
                                   the impact of successful SQL attacks,
                                   examples of SQL injection techniques,
                                   and how to prevent SQL injection.


                                   There are several applications that you
                                   can use to learn SQL injection.


                                   In this particular post, we will use
                                   the Damn Vulnerable Web Application
                                   (DVWA). It’s a web app developed in PHP
                                   and MySQL and intentionally made to be
                                   vulnerable.


                                   If you don’t have DVWA installed yet,
                                   feel free to check out our post on How
                                   to set up DVWA on Kali Linux.


                            # ⚓ Six_Malicious_Linux_Shell_Scripts_Used_to_Evade
                              Defenses_and_How_to_Stop_Them_|_Threatpost⠀⇛


                                   Uptycs Threat Research outline how
                                   malicious Linux shell scripts are used
                                   to cloak attacks and how defenders can
                                   detect and mitigate against them.


                                   Siddartha Sharma and Adhokshaj Mishra


                                   Evasive techniques used by attackers,
                                   date back to the earlier days, when
                                   base64 and other common encoding
                                   schemes were used. Today, attackers are
                                   adopting new Linux shell script tactics
                                   and techniques to disable firewalls,
                                   monitoring agents and modifying access
                                   control lists (ACLs).


                                   In previous Uptycs Threat Research
                                   posts, we discussed the common
                                   utilities in Linux, which are generally
                                   used by threat actors in the attack
                                   chain. In this report, we highlight
                                   those common defense evasion
                                   techniques, which are common in
                                   malicious Linux shell scripts. And
                                   then, we outline how Uptycs spots and
                                   mitigates against them.


                            # ⚓ Open_Source_Security_Foundation_Adds_10_New
                              Members⠀⇛


                                   OpenSSF, a cross-industry collaboration
                                   to secure the open source ecosystem,
                                   has announced new membership
                                   commitments to advance open source
                                   security education and best practices.
                                   New members include Accurics, Anchore,
                                   Bloomberg Finance, Cisco Systems,
                                   Codethink, Cybertrust Japan, OpenUK,
                                   ShiftLeft, Sonatype and Tidelift.


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # § Patents⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Meritless_Litigation_in_the_Western_District_of
                        Texas⠀⇛


                             Earlier this week, we wrote about some of the
                             biggest cases coming up in patent litigation,
                             and the one topping a Law360 list was none
                             other than Fortress Investment-backed VLSI
                             vs. Intel.


                             Already, the meritless litigation is tying up
                             the too-busy Western District of Texas docket
                             with a series of questionable patent lawsuits
                             between the patent troll and the tech
                             company.


                             As Patent Progress so aptly puts it: “There’s
                             a reason that more than 85% of cases filed in
                             front of Judge Albright are filed by NPEs.”


                             It’s the same reason that Judge Albright
                             handles more and more of the nation’s patent
                             cases (a full 25% of them according to the
                             most recent figures).


                             From Reuters: The WDTX has “transformed into
                             a hot spot” for patent troll cases under U.S.
                             District Judge Alan Albright.


                             Given all that, this other bit of news is
                             also concerning.


                             It centers on VLSI’s firm of choice, Irell &
                             Manella.


                             We all knew that former United States Patent
                             Office Director Andrei Iancu rejoined Irell &
                             Manella after stepping down from the USPTO.


                             We’ve written about Iancu before and how his
                             changes to the patent system played to the
                             interests of patent troll plaintiffs.


                             Now, word is that—fresh off of making a ton
                             of money litigating in Western Texas on
                             behalf of VLSI—Irell is expanding its
                             footprint . . . there’s an office coming to
                             D.C. . . . and only Irell knows where it will
                             expand to after that.


                             Boy howdy.


                             For all the patent trolls out there, and for
                             firms like Irell, there’s lots of money to be
                             made in Waco.


                             Only trouble is — it comes at the cost of
                             American jobs and American innovation.



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2883

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Links_29/7/2021:_Mesa_21.2_RC3,_FSF_Responds_to_Microsoft’s_‘Hey_Hi’_Attack
on_Copyleft⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 4:15 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Distributions
          o Devices/Embedded
    * Free_Software/Open_Source
    * Leftovers
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾


                # ⚓ Desktop_as_a_service:_Yesterday,_today,_and_tomorrow_|
                  ZDNet⠀⇛


                       When I started using computers, my computer was an
                       IBM 360 mainframe, and I worked with it using a
                       3270 terminal. I was very lucky. My alternative was
                       to do all my work with 80-column IBM Hollerith-
                       style punch cards. Then, CP/ M, Apple, and IBM PCs
                       starting in the late 70s and early 80s, changed
                       everything. Computing power moved from distant DEC
                       PDP-11 and VAX mini-computers IBM Big Iron to your
                       desktop. Forty years later, your IT work is moving
                       more. This time, it’s moving from your PC to cloud-
                       based Desktop-as-a-Service (DaaS) offerings such as
                       Windows 365 and Chrome OS.


          o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾


                # ⚓ Valve_Doesn’t_Care_About_Native_Linux_Gaming⠀⇛


                       I’ve said it countless times but I really don’t
                       care about Native Linux Gaming and Valve has been
                       showing recently that they may not care either and
                       that’s a good thing, I don’t think developers will
                       start releasing Linux binaries anytime soon and
                       translation layers like Proton work exceptionally
                       well.


                # ⚓ FLOSS_Weekly_640:_Open_Source_Past_and_Future_–_QR_Code
                  Tracking,_Right_to_Repair⠀⇛


                       Jonathan Bennett, Dan Lynch and Katherine Druckman
                       join Doc Searls in a roundtable discussion of open
                       source. QR codes are used as fishhooks for
                       tracking. How can this be stopped? Then there’s the
                       report of “death of open source” which is wrong
                       (again), rights to make and repair, and much more.
                       Great discussions on FLOSS Weekly.


                # ⚓ BSDNow_413:_BSD/Linux_Chimera⠀⇛


                       Updating GCC GNAT (Ada) in pkgsrc/NetBSD,
                       AdvanceBSD thoughts 2/2, FreeBSD from a NetBSD
                       user’s perspective, FPGA programming and DragonFly,
                       Chimera Linux, EuroBSDcon 2021, and more.


                # ⚓ The_Linux_Link_Tech_Show_Episode_916⠀⇛


                       joels house, ihoumi, google outage, wordpress woes


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ Descriptorless_files_for_io_uring⠀⇛


                       The lowly file descriptor is one of the fundamental
                       objects in Linux systems. A file descriptor, which
                       is a simple integer value, can refer to an open
                       file — or to a network connection, a running
                       process, a loaded BPF program, or a namespace. Over
                       the years, the use of file descriptors to refer to
                       transient objects has grown to the point that it
                       can be difficult to justify an API that uses
                       anything else. Interestingly, though, the io_uring
                       subsystem looks as if it is moving toward its own
                       number space separate from file descriptors.


                       Io_uring was created to solve the asynchronous I/
                       O problem; this is a functionality that Linux has
                       never supported as well as users would have liked.
                       User space can queue operations in a memory segment
                       that is shared directly with the kernel, allowing
                       those operations to be initiated, in many cases,
                       without the need for an expensive system call.
                       Similarly, another shared-memory segment contains
                       the results of those operations once they complete.
                       Initially, io_uring focused on simple operations
                       (reading and writing, for example), but it has
                       quickly gained support for many other system calls.
                       It is evolving into the general asynchronous-
                       operation API that Linux systems have always
                       lacked.


                # ⚓ NUMA_policy_and_memory_types⠀⇛


                       Non-uniform memory access (NUMA) systems have an
                       architecture that attaches memory to “nodes” within
                       the system. CPUs, too, belong to nodes; memory that
                       is attached to the same node as a CPU will be
                       faster to access (from that CPU) than memory on
                       other nodes. This aspect of performance has
                       important implications for programs running on NUMA
                       systems, and the kernel offers a number of ways for
                       user space to optimize their behavior. The NUMA
                       abstraction is now being extended, though, and that
                       is driving a need for new ways of influencing
                       memory allocation; the multi-preference memory
                       policy patch set is an attempt to meet that need.


                # § Graphics Stack⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Intel’s_Iris_Gallium3D_OpenGL_Driver_Now_Supports
                        Threaded_Shader_Compilation_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             Intel’s open-source “Iris” Gallium3D driver
                             for providing modern OpenGL driver support on
                             their graphics hardware from Broadwell
                             through all current Gen12 / Xe Graphics era
                             hardware has been in great shape for some
                             time and works wonderfully. But Intel’s not
                             done furthering this Linux OpenGL driver and
                             today they now have threaded shader
                             compilation merged.


                      # ⚓ mesa_21.2.0-rc3⠀⇛


                             Hi all,

                             Now available is Mesa 21.2.0-rc3.  We've got
                             a little bit of everything
                             here, but not too much of anything. Things
                             seem to be settling down a
                             little bit already, and I like that.

                             Cheers,
                             Dylan
                      # ⚓ Mesa_21.2-rc3_Offered_For_Testing,_Mesa_21.1.6
                        Reaches_Stable_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             The Mesa release train continues at full
                             speed ahead for these open-source Linux
                             graphics driver components.


                             Mesa 21.1.6 is out as the newest stable Mesa
                             release. This bi-weekly point release brings
                             with it a wide assortment of fixes including
                             for its Meson build system, EGL code, Vulkan
                             fixes, and a sprinkling of different driver
                             fixes. Nothing particularly exciting with
                             Mesa 21.1.6 unless you were affected by one
                             of the many issues now resolved by this
                             update.


          o § Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_best_chat_software_for_Linux,_macOS_and_Windows_isn’t
                  Slack_–_TechRepublic⠀⇛


                       That led me down a singular rabbit hole—one with
                       the hopes to simplify my daily chat interaction.
                       This chase very quickly became about finding one
                       app to rule them all. In the end, I remembered I’d
                       already installed the holy grail of chat curation
                       tools. That tool is Franz.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ Netcat_–_All_you_need_to_know⠀⇛


                       Netcat is a really great tool for network related
                       activities, I find it really useful during CTFs and
                       sometimes use it during pentests. There’s several
                       other options that we haven’t looked into feel free
                       to explore them, but I think we’ve covered should
                       be enough for most of your use cases.


                       I haven’t explained the specific command line
                       options -like -v -n because the help menu clearly
                       explains them.


                # ⚓ The_tiny_irritation_of_ZFS’s_‘zpool_status’_nagging_you
                  about_upgrades⠀⇛


                       One of the tiny irritations of operating ZFS for a
                       long time is that eventually, running ‘zpool
                       status’ on your pools would produce a multi-line
                       nag about upgrading them to the latest version of
                       ZFS. I assume that this was added to ‘zpool status’
                       output so that you wouldn’t be unaware of it, but
                       the size of the message was far too large for its
                       actual importance. Back in the old days of Solaris
                       10, ‘zpool status -x’ even included pools that
                       could be upgraded (this was one of our Solaris 10
                       update 6 gotchas), but fortunately people have
                       gotten more sensible since then. Now it’s only a
                       multi-line message.


                # ⚓ How_to_upgrade_to_Pop_OS_21.04⠀⇛


                       Pop_OS 21.04 is finally out! With this new release
                       comes excellent new features such as “COSMIC” that
                       allows users to customize their Pop desktop, new
                       trackpad gestures for laptops, and more. In this
                       guide, we’ll show you how to upgrade your system to
                       the new Pop_OS release.


                # ⚓ How_to_edit_the_Hosts_file_on_Linux⠀⇛


                       The Hosts file on Linux is responsible for mapping
                       hostnames and IP addresses. It’s a plain text file
                       named “Hosts.” If you’ve ever run servers on Linux,
                       you’ll no doubt find yourself editing this file a
                       lot.


                       In this guide, we’ll show you how to access the
                       Hosts file on Linux and how to back it up too. To
                       start, ensure you have access to the root account.
                       The Hosts file is a system-level file and cannot be
                       accessed by a regular user.


                # ⚓ How_To_Import_and_Export_MySQL_Databases_in_Linux⠀⇛


                       Importing and exporting MySQL or MariaDB databases
                       is a regular task in system administration. You can
                       use data dumps to back up and restore your
                       databases or migrate them to a new server.


                # ⚓ Use_df_to_check_free_disk_space_on_Linux_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛


                       Drive space isn’t quite as precious as it was in
                       the early days of computing, but no matter how much
                       space you have, there’s always the potential to run
                       out. Computers need a little space just to operate,
                       so it’s important to check occasionally to ensure
                       you haven’t inadvertently used up literally all the
                       space available on your drive. In the Linux
                       terminal, you can do that with the df command.


                       The df command displays the amount of disk space
                       available on the file system.


                # ⚓ How_To_Install_CTparental_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
                       CTparental on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you
                       who didn’t know, CTparental is one of the best
                       tools for filtering access to web content. It made
                       from several components like dnsmasq, iptables, and
                       inguardian privoxy that make CTparental a fully-
                       fledged parental control solution. CTparental
                       software has an elementary and easy-to-use web
                       interface which is actuated by the Lighttpd web
                       server. It supports several web browsers including
                       Firefox, Midori, Chromium, and more.


                       This article assumes you have at least basic
                       knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
                       most importantly, you host your site on your own
                       VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
                       you are running in the root account, if not you may
                       need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
                       privileges. I will show you the step-by-step
                       installation of the CTparental on Ubuntu 20.04
                       (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions
                       for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based
                       distribution like Linux Mint.


                # ⚓ How_to_install_OpenTTD_on_Linux_Lite_5.4⠀⇛


                       In this video, we are looking at how to install
                       OpenTTD on Linux Lite 5.4.


                # ⚓ Debian_on_TrueNAS_Core_under_bhyve⠀⇛


                       I got myself a TrueNAS Mini X+ couple of months
                       ago. I have it running TrueNAS Core based on
                       FreeBSD. In that system you can run VMs under
                       FreeBSD’s native hypervisor, bhyve. Since there are
                       a couple of quirks around running Debian
                       specifically, I decided to write up a quick article
                       about setting up Debian-based VM there.


                # ⚓ How_to_Install_Apache_CouchDB_3.1_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS⠀⇛


                       Apache CouchDB is a NoSQL open-source document-
                       oriented database system written in Erlang,
                       JavaScript, C, and C++. It uses JSON to store data.
                       Documents can be accessed with your web browser. It
                       is primary used for running queries and creating
                       reports from documents files.


                       CouchDB comes with features such as on-the-fly
                       document transformation, real-time change
                       notifications, high availability, distributed
                       scaling, partition tolerance, and more. It comes
                       with a web administration interface.


                       In this tutorial, we learn how to install CouchDB
                       on Ubuntu 20.04 using the convenience binary
                       packages.


                # ⚓ How_to_install_Miku_Miku_Dance_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛


                       Today we are looking at how to install Miku Miku
                       Dance on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/
                       audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the
                       process step by step and use the commands below.


                       Please take note that it only works in separate
                       windows mode, and it is a bit glitchy (in separate
                       windows mode) but works.


          o § Distributions⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_6_Best_Linux_Distros_for_Power_Users_in_2021⠀⇛


                       A conventional operating system makes users use
                       identical yet redundant versions. Linux has a
                       little bit of something for different users, which
                       are commonly known as Linux distributions. There
                       are hundreds of Linux distributions catering to
                       different uses like gaming, education, software
                       development, etc.


                       While most Linux distributions are similar to each
                       other, a few distributions come with a unique user
                       interface and distinct functionalities. These
                       distributions provide more features than their
                       Debian or Arch-based rivals, but only a power user
                       should use them because of the steep learning curve
                       that accompanies them.


                       Let’s deviate from the usual run-of-the-mill
                       distros and explore the lesser-known operating
                       systems which deserve a mention.


                # ⚓ 10_Most_Secure_Linux_Distros_for_Security,_Anonymity,
                  Privacy_2021⠀⇛


                       Want to stay anonymous? Want to add more privacy
                       and security to your life? Then start by having a
                       look at the Top 10 Most Secure Linux Distros for
                       Security and Privacy 2021. You know, as the saying
                       goes, “A private life is a happy life.” These
                       Secure Linux Distros are great for Servers,
                       Banking, Staying Anonymous, Security, Privacy, and
                       Anonymity. We will also share a download link for
                       the ISO file or installation setup.


                       If you are a Linux user and are looking for the
                       most secure Linux Distro, then you have dropped at
                       the right place. The Linux distro is used to
                       provide you with all the privacy for your Operating
                       system. Before we begin, let us see why Linux
                       Distro is too important to avoid? As we all know
                       that the core software that allows you to
                       communicate with the hardware and software of your
                       computer system is the Operating System.


                       If you are using a computer system that is not
                       secure, then it becomes straightforward for the
                       hackers out there to exploit the OS, see your
                       files, the location from where they are being sent.
                       For all this, Linux now brings for you the best and
                       most secured Linux distros that will help you
                       protect your system in the best possible way.


                # § New Releases⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Linux_Lite_5.6_RC1_Released:_Here’s_What’s_New⠀⇛


                             Linux Lite 5.6’s first release candidate is
                             now available to download. For those who
                             don’t know, as the name suggests, Linux Lite
                             is an Ubuntu-based distribution that falls
                             under the category of lightweight Linux
                             distros. The final release, however, is
                             scheduled for September 1.


                             In this article, let’s look at what are the
                             new additions, changes, and improvements in
                             the release, and in the end, we’ll have a
                             download link for the same.


                # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾


                      # ⚓ 5_reasons_you_should_run_your_apps_on_WildFly⠀⇛


                             WildFly, formerly known as JBoss Application
                             Server, is an open source Java EE application
                             server. Its primary goal is to provide a set
                             of vital tools for enterprise Java
                             applications.


                             According to the Jakarta EE 2020/2021 survey,
                             WildFly is head and shoulders above in the
                             recent application servers and in the rating
                             categories. Here are some of the reasons why:


                      # ⚓ Systemd/Microsoft_Effort_For_A_Global_Counter_On
                        Block/Disk_Changes_Coming_To_Linux_5.15_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             Last month I wrote about a possible global
                             counter for block/disk changes on Linux being
                             discussed by Microsoft and systemd developers
                             to better track changes via a system-wide
                             monotonically increasing number as an
                             alternative to the existing per-disk
                             tracking. That functionality is now queued up
                             as part of the block subsystem changes ahead
                             of the Linux 5.15 merge window in a few
                             weeks.


                             This global counter for block device changes
                             is sought after to better correlate events
                             for devices that may end up re-using the same
                             device, commonly for cases like /dev/sda or /
                             dev/loop0 when a device is detached and then
                             later reattached but not necessarily the same
                             device. User-space software like systemd
                             could thus benefit from such a system-wide
                             numbering scheme to better handle events to
                             avoid issues around device re-use confusion
                             or events arriving to user-space out-of-
                             order.


                      # ⚓ IT_leadership:_5_ways_for_CIOs_to_embrace_a_coaching
                        role_|_The_Enterprisers_Project⠀⇛


                             At BNY Mellon, we have a deep commitment to
                             our clients. The pandemic brought massive
                             changes to the way we work. We also saw
                             change in our clients’ needs for data and
                             insights as well as an associated desire for
                             an increased spectrum of new products and
                             services.


                             Our organization responded quickly to those
                             needs during a time of immense external
                             challenges. We are focused on delivering the
                             right digital and technological
                             infrastructure and solutions. This spotlight
                             on the speed and strategy of our digital
                             transformation required me to double down on
                             my role as a coach and a multiplier to create
                             an environment that facilitates our
                             engineering-first (not engineering-only)
                             culture to empower innovation across our
                             organization.


                      # ⚓ 3_reasons_CEOs_need_HR_and_IT_to_work_closer_now⠀⇛


                             The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we
                             work and manage employees. Technology has
                             become a lifeline as more of the workforce
                             has gone remote. This abrupt shift to remote
                             work has also accelerated the need for
                             interdepartmental collaboration between HR
                             and IT. We have seen that for an employee to
                             flourish in a remote workforce, technology is
                             a critical enabler.


                             In 2021, CIOs are also tasked with improving
                             the worker condition.


                             Technology undeniably impacts the success of
                             an organization and this has never been more
                             evident than in the past year. In order to
                             unpack the shifting priorities of the IT
                             department in supporting a distributed
                             workforce, WalkMe commissioned a survey by
                             Constellation Research of 100 Fortune 500
                             CIOs,‘The CIO Outlook for 2021: Delivering
                             Business ROI at Scale’. The survey found that
                             in 2021, as well as prioritizing overall
                             digital change and keeping the organization
                             safe, CIOs are also tasked with improving the
                             worker condition.


                             This means that employee well-being is now a
                             core component of IT’s forward strategy,
                             allowing IT leaders to utilize newfound
                             “political capital” to take a more strategic
                             seat at the executive table. This is also
                             good news for HR leaders. Working closely
                             with their counterparts in the CIO’s office
                             to deliver change management initiatives at
                             scale will boost their likelihood of
                             delivering successful HR tech deployments and
                             continue to safeguard the well-being of the
                             workforce.


                      # ⚓ CORS_headers_with_gRPC-Gateway⠀⇛


                             A few years ago, I wrote a blog post on
                             managing CORS headers with Negroni. Lately,
                             I’ve created a new API server that needed to
                             be accessible from the browser, but this time
                             I used a different technology, more precisely
                             gRPC-Gateway.


                             Few months after I wrote that blog post, I
                             stopped writing new REST services by hand. I
                             did not rewrite all the services that used
                             the old paradigm just because they needed a
                             fix or a new feature, but for all new
                             services, I moved to gRPC with gRPC-Gateway.


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_makes_your_retro_analogue_camera_digital⠀⇛


                # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Recycle_Your_Unwanted_Raspberry_Pi_and_Get_Money_off
                        at_okdo⠀⇛


                             The offer only applies to 3b, 3b+ and 4
                             boards in working order, and your £10 ($14)
                             voucher has to be used within 30 days with a
                             minimum spend of £15 ($21). Boards are
                             returned to the Sony Technology Centre, the
                             same location as where they are made for
                             refurbishment. The refurbished boards will be
                             given a second life in new projects, but at
                             this time we do not know how this will be
                             realised. okdo takes great pains to remind
                             you to remove any memory cards from the
                             device before you send it in.


                      # ⚓ OKdo_program_will_recycle_your_old_Pi_and_give_you
                        £10_voucher⠀⇛


                             OKdo, Sony, and the Raspberry Pi Foundation
                             have launched an “OKdo Renew” recycling
                             program that will exchange your old RPi 3 and
                             4 boards and give you a £10 OKdo voucher.
                             Meanwhile, RPi’s Eben Upton says the next Pi
                             will likely be a RPi 4A due in 2022.


                             The tech industry likes to talk a lot about
                             the growing problem of electronic waste, but
                             progress in establishing recycling programs
                             has been slow. Globally, electronic waste
                             reached a record high of 53.6 million metric
                             tons in 2019 and only 17.4 percent of e-waste
                             was recycled, according to Statista.


                      # ⚓ LUNA_multitool_for_USB_hacking,_building_and
                        analyzing⠀⇛


                             Developers looking for a versatile multitool
                             for building, analyzing and hacking USB
                             devices may be interested in LUNA. An all-in-
                             one tool specifically designed for building,
                             testing, monitoring, and experimenting with
                             USB devices. LUNA is constructed around the
                             FPGA-based architecture, and its digital
                             hardware can be fully customized to suit the
                             application at hand. LUNA is a fully
                             reconfigurable test instrument that provides
                             all the hardware, gateware, firmware, and
                             software you will need to work with allowing
                             you to master USB technology and comes with a
                             full-featured, open-source USB protocol
                             analyzer.


                      # ⚓ Fire_foam_balls_from_this_Arduino-based_wireless_Nerf
                        sentry_turret_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛


                             Named the grand prize winner of
                             Instructables’ Arduino Contest, a maker known
                             as otjones99 has created an interesting take
                             on the classic Nerf sentry turret design by
                             building one that uses an FPV headset to see
                             and fire at targets. The turret consists of a
                             turntable for moving the assembly side-to-
                             side, along with a simple servo mechanism for
                             tilting the end up and down. Small foam balls
                             are ejected from the turret by a pair of
                             counter-rotating wheels that were taken from
                             a couple of blower style fans.


                             In order to control the rotating base and the
                             loading/tilting mechanisms, a single Arduino
                             Uno was positioned at the bottom and
                             connected to the two servos and the ESCs for
                             the spinning wheels. Commands for actuating
                             the sentry are received by the onboard
                             nRF24L01 wireless module that sends them to
                             the Uno over the SPI bus.


          o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


                # § Events⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Upcoming_events_about_RISC-V,_RT-Thread_IoT_OS,_and
                        Embedded_Linux⠀⇛


                             Three events about open/open-source
                             technologies have been recently announced
                             with namely the RT-Thread IoT OS Tech
                             Conference, the jointly organized Open Source
                             Summit and Embedded Linux Conference 2021,
                             and the 2021 RISC-V Summit. Let’s have a
                             quick look at what each will have to offer
                             with the list in chronological order.


                # § Web Browsers⠀➾


                      # § Mozilla⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Brave_vs._Firefox:_Your_Ultimate_Browser_Choice
                              for_Private_Web_Experience⠀⇛


                                   Web browsers have evolved over the
                                   years. From downloading files to
                                   accessing a full-fledged web
                                   application, we have come a long way.


                                   For a lot of users, the web browser is
                                   the only thing they need to get their
                                   work done these days.


                                   Hence, choosing the right browser
                                   becomes an important task that could
                                   help improve your workflow over the
                                   years.


                # § FSF⠀➾


                      # ⚓ GitHub_is_my_copilot [Ed: Microsoft is attacking the
                        GPL using the guise or excuse of "HEY HI" (plagiarism,
                        copy-paste)]⠀⇛


                             Your editor has worked in the computing field
                             for rather longer than he cares to admit; for
                             all of that time it has been said that a day
                             will come when all that tedious programming
                             work will no longer be necessary. Instead,
                             we’ll just say what we want and the computer
                             will figure it out. Arguably, the
                             announcement of GitHub Copilot takes us
                             another step in that direction. On the way,
                             though, it raises some interesting questions
                             about copyright and free-software licensing.


                             Copilot is a machine-learning system that
                             generates code. Given the beginning of a
                             function or data-structure definition, it
                             attempts to fill in the rest; it can also
                             work from a comment describing the desired
                             functionality. If one believes the
                             testimonials on the Copilot site, it can do a
                             miraculous job of figuring out the
                             developer’s intent and providing the needed
                             code. It promises to take some of the grunge
                             work out of development and increase
                             developer productivity. Of course, it can
                             happily generate security vulnerabilities; it
                             also uploads the code you’re working on and
                             remembers if you took its suggestions, but
                             that’s the world we’ve built for ourselves.


                             Machine-learning systems, of course, must be
                             trained on large amounts of data. Happily for
                             GitHub, it just happens to be sitting on a
                             massive pile of code, most of which is under
                             free-software licenses. So the company duly
                             used the code in the publicly available
                             repositories it hosts to train this model;
                             evidently private repositories were not used
                             for this purpose. For now, the result is
                             available as a restricted beta offering; the
                             company plans to turn it into a commercial
                             product going forward.


                      # ⚓ FSF-funded_call_for_white_papers_on_philosophical_and
                        legal_questions_around_Copilot⠀⇛


                             We already know that Copilot as it stands is
                             unacceptable and unjust, from our
                             perspective. It requires running software
                             that is not free/libre (Visual Studio, or
                             parts of Visual Studio Code), and Copilot is
                             Service as a Software Substitute. These are
                             settled questions as far as we are concerned.


                      # ⚓ FSF_job_opportunity:_Operations_assistant_—_Free
                        Software_Foundation⠀⇛


                             The Free Software Foundation (FSF), a
                             Massachusetts 501(c)(3) charity with a
                             worldwide mission to protect and promote
                             computer-user freedom, seeks a motivated and
                             organized Boston-based individual to be our
                             full-time operations assistant.


                             Reporting to the executive director, this
                             position works on the operations team to
                             ensure all administrative, office, and retail
                             functions of the FSF run smoothly and
                             efficiently, preserving our 4-star Charity
                             Navigator rating and boosting all areas of
                             our work.


                      # § Licensing/Legal⠀➾


                            # ⚓ 20_Popular_Free_Software_with_GNU_GPL_License⠀⇛


                                   This list collects popular computer
                                   applications which are free software
                                   (also known as libre software) licensed
                                   under GNU GPL license. You will find
                                   here Blender 3D, VLC, WordPress, GNU OS
                                   itself and The Penguin Kernel, among
                                   others, including how to install the
                                   apps on Ubuntu. Let’s share!


                                   The first and only free operating
                                   system developed to win user’s freedom
                                   in their computing. Its mascot is an
                                   African animal wildebeest (a gnu). GNU
                                   is often found in a combination with
                                   the kernel, Linux, as a unity called
                                   GNU/Linux. GNU OS is consisted of
                                   multiple components with various
                                   licenses and most of them are licensed
                                   under GNU GPL. The origin of GPL
                                   license is of course GNU just like the
                                   name suggest.


                # § Programming/Development⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Nearly_a_quarter-century_later,_why_is_C++_still_so
                        popular? [Ed: Can we quit promoting the mythology that
                        newer is necessarily better? Some of us want to write
                        code which we know will still be usable 40 years down
                        the line.]⠀⇛


                             Despite C++’s downward trend on the TIOBE
                             Programming Community index since 2001, the
                             language’s fall from the coveted top two
                             slots in 2020, vociferous and persistent
                             claims that C++ is “dead like COBOL,” and the
                             inroads the Rust is making in developer
                             circles – C++ is still as viable, vital and
                             relevant as ever.


                             There’s no arguing with the language’s
                             ongoing popularity. The numbers are clear in
                             the June 2021 TIOBE index – C++ is the fourth
                             most popular programming language on the
                             planet, grabbing almost 7.5% on the index,
                             and nipping at the heels of C, Java and
                             Python. While it’s true that this is a drop
                             from the language’s TIOBE peak of nearly 18%
                             in 2003, C++’s popularity remains undeniable.


                      # § Rust⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Tor_gets_financial_support_for_Arti
                              development⠀⇛


                                   There is a lot of buzz around the Rust
                                   programming language these days—which
                                   strikes some folks as irritating,
                                   ridiculous, or both. But the idea of a
                                   low-level language that can replace C,
                                   with fewer built-in security pitfalls,
                                   is attractive for any number of
                                   projects. Recently, the Tor Project
                                   announced the Arti project as a
                                   complete Rust rewrite of Tor’s core
                                   protocols, which provide internet
                                   privacy and anonymity. In addition, Tor
                                   announced that Arti received a grant to
                                   support its development over the next
                                   year or so.


                            # ⚓ This_Week_In_Rust:_This_Week_in_Rust_401⠀⇛


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ Check_the_Fine_Print_for_That_Remote_Job⠀⇛


                 An obscure Colorado labor law that passed in 2019 and
                 went into effect earlier this year requires that all
                 companies in the state include salary details in job
                 postings. The idea is that when would-be employees,
                 especially women and people of color, know how much an
                 employer can offer, they won’t lowball themselves when
                 negotiating their salary. Sounds straightforward enough,
                 but a chunk of companies are doing everything they
                 possibly can to avoid the mandate. When Batilo got wind
                 of what was going on, in late May, he did what any
                 remote-work-loving tech nerd would do: He made a
                 crowdsourced website with all the jobs shutting out
                 Coloradans. Head over to coloradoexcluded.com and you’ll
                 find more than 400 job listings with these Colorado
                 carve-outs—from mega-companies such as Nike, Cigna, and
                 Oracle; nonprofits such as PETA; and … whatever exactly
                 Marsh McLennan is. The site isn’t exhaustive. I went on
                 the job board Indeed and searched for all listings that
                 included the phrase except Colorado. I got 700 hits.


          o ⚓ The_Behavioral_Economics_Manifesto_Gets_Revised⠀⇛


                 This version of the book is chock-full of new ideas. My
                 favorite is probably the concept of “sludge.” One way to
                 nudge people to do something is to make it easy to do.
                 Sludge is like its sinister opposite: when institutions
                 try to prevent people from doing something by making it
                 hard to do. Think limiting the number of polling stations
                 and causing big lines as a way to discourage voting.
                 Sure, you can still vote, but good luck actually doing
                 it.


                 Thaler was inspired to develop the idea of sludge when
                 his memoir, Misbehaving, was released a few years ago.
                 His editor told him that the first review was published
                 in a London newspaper, and Thaler wanted to read it. But
                 the article was behind a paywall. To get past the
                 paywall, there was a promotion. It cost 1 British pound
                 to sign up for a one-month trial subscription. Then he
                 started digging deeper and learned that to cancel his
                 subscription, he’d have to give two weeks’ notice. And to
                 do that, he’d have to actually call the newspaper’s
                 headquarters — during London business hours! This is a
                 company using sludge to make it harder for people to
                 cancel their subscriptions.


          o ⚓ Shamook:_Star_Wars_effects_company_ILM_hires_Mandalorian
            deepfaker⠀⇛


                 A YouTube artist so impressed the company behind the Star
                 Wars franchise with their “deepfake” alterations of their
                 work that they gave them a job.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ France_issues_moratorium_on_prion_research_after_fatal
                  brain_disease_strikes_two_lab_workers⠀⇛


                       Five public research institutions in France have
                       imposed a 3-month moratorium on the study of
                       prions—a class of misfolding, infectious proteins
                       that cause fatal brain diseases—after a retired lab
                       worker who handled prions in the past was diagnosed
                       with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the most
                       common prion disease in humans. An investigation is
                       underway to find out whether the patient, who
                       worked at a lab run by the National Research
                       Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment
                       (INRAE), contracted the disease on the job.


          o § Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ Listening_to_Literature—What_We_Gain_and_Lose_with
                  Audiobooks⠀⇛


                       I couldn’t get past the fact that I was unable to
                       finish the paper version of Ulysses, but I listened
                       to the abridged audio version repeatedly to the
                       point of memorization. I remember one of my first
                       ever creative writing classes. After leaving my
                       band and the livelihood it provided, my wife and I
                       moved to San Francisco, and I signed up for a
                       writing workshop at UC Berkeley Extension taught by
                       Lewis Buzbee. Lewis was a bookish man in his 40s,
                       and he impressed me with his clear love of reading
                       and writing, as well as his dedication to literary
                       champions such as Chekhov, Woolf, and Flaubert.


          o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾


                # ⚓ Facebook’s_Oculus_Gave_Thousands_Of_Customers_Face_Rashes
                  And_Hives⠀⇛


                       Facebook, which owns the VR company, announced on
                       Tuesday that it was recalling “about 4 million”
                       headsets after thousands of customers — 45 of whom
                       needed medical attention — reported various forms
                       of irritation on their face including hives,
                       rashes, and burning sensations while they were
                       otherwise immersed in virtual reality.


                # ⚓ Map:_Covid_cases_are_rising_in_the_states_with_low
                  vaccination_rates⠀⇛


                       Nationwide, the four-week Covid case count has more
                       than doubled as of Monday from the previous four
                       weeks, according to NBC News’ tally. While cases
                       are rising everywhere because of higher
                       transmission levels of the delta variant, the
                       steepest increases have been in the South and
                       Southeast, where Florida, Tennessee, Louisiana,
                       Mississippi and South Carolina are dealing with the
                       biggest outbreaks in the nation.


                       All five of those states have rates of full
                       vaccinations below the United States’ 49.2 percent,
                       and two of them — Mississippi and Louisiana — are
                       in the bottom five of the entire country.


          o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾


                # § Proprietary⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Batesville_School_District_blocks_ransomware_attack⠀⇛


                             To avoid a similar attack in the future,
                             Renihan said the district is discussing
                             installing new firewalls to protect their
                             system.


                      # ⚓ Judson_ISD’s_ransomware_nightmare_won’t_be_cheap
                        [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛


                             So the district paid money to the [crackers],
                             but accelerating previously planned upgrades
                             actually recovered the e-mail and phones? Can
                             someone explain what the money was for?


                             The answer is no. In fact, the district won’t
                             disclose the amount of ransom or whether the
                             district’s insurance policy covers cyber
                             attacks.


                      # ⚓ Since_it’s_the_only_way_to_differentiate_in_a
                        Chromium-dominated_market,_Vivaldi_4.1_introduces
                        ‘Accordion’_tabs⠀⇛


                             Browser maker Vivaldi has introduced
                             Accordion Tabs in version 4.1 – yet another
                             way to deal with tab overload.


                             The functionality joins Compact and Two-Level
                             in the array of Tab Stack styles available to
                             users needing help with their tab habit.


                             The Accordion style is all about preserving
                             vertical screen space since it allows a Tab
                             Stack (a group of tabs) to be collapsed or
                             expanded with a click. Two-Level stacking,
                             which fires up a secondary row of tabs, is
                             neat but also swallows up a bit of precious
                             screen space.


                             Thankfully, the asthmatic wheezing of the
                             musical instrument is not heard as Vivaldi’s
                             user interface does its stuff. And far be it
                             for us to draw a link between the
                             occasionally annoying drone of an accordion
                             and the irritation of too many tabs in a
                             browser.


                      # ⚓ Microsoft:_You_Can’t_Get_Around_Windows_11
                        Requirements⠀⇛


                             And to be fair to Microsoft, TPM 2.0 also
                             isn’t exactly new. The company began
                             requiring it on OEM laptops and desktops
                             starting in 2016. It makes sense, then, that
                             the big M would want to start utilizing the
                             fruits of that decision. But given that many
                             current standalone motherboards and chips
                             don’t include it, requiring it is a move that
                             favors pre-builts and risks leaving PC
                             builders in the dust.


                      # § Security⠀➾


                            # ⚓ [JumpCloud]_Recent_Linux_Releases:_Desktop_MFA
                              &_Security_Commands⠀⇛


                                   Operating system diversity is a
                                   defining characteristic of today’s IT
                                   environments. Windows may have
                                   dominated historically, but enterprise
                                   Mac management has evolved in a
                                   meaningful way and Linux distributions
                                   have become a critical part of IT
                                   infrastructure. Cross-OS device
                                   management is here to stay, and
                                   presents a unique challenge for IT
                                   admins.


                                   Linux in particular can be a complex
                                   beast to manage because unlike MacOS
                                   and Windows, it is not a proprietary OS
                                   and can be found across multiple
                                   distros. There are many benefits to
                                   this openness however, including cost,
                                   interoperability, and flexibility.
                                   These factors, and more, have led to a
                                   strong Linux following among its
                                   community of users.


                                   With an increasing number of employee
                                   workstations running a wide variety of
                                   Linux distros, administrators need a
                                   way to increase visibility into their
                                   fleets, and improve the management of
                                   not only Linux systems, but Mac and
                                   Windows as well. IT admins can use the
                                   JumpCloud Directory Platform to
                                   comprehensively accomplish these tasks,
                                   thanks to the recent Linux releases
                                   detailed in this article.


                            # ⚓ Mozilla_Security_Blog:_Making_Client
                              Certificates_Available_By_Default_in_Firefox_90⠀⇛


                                   Starting with version 90, Firefox will
                                   automatically find and offer to use
                                   client authentication certificates
                                   provided by the operating system on
                                   macOS and Windows. This security and
                                   usability improvement has been
                                   available in Firefox since version 75,
                                   but previously end users had to
                                   manually enable it.


                                   When a web browser negotiates a secure
                                   connection with a website, the web
                                   server sends a certificate to the
                                   browser to prove its identity. Some
                                   websites (most commonly corporate
                                   authentication systems) request that
                                   the browser sends a certificate back to
                                   it as well, so that the website visitor
                                   can prove their identity to the website
                                   (similar to logging in with a username
                                   and password). This is sometimes called
                                   “mutual authentication”.


                            # ⚓ The_Sequoia_seq_file_vulnerability⠀⇛


                                   A local root hole in the Linux kernel,
                                   called Sequoia, was disclosed by Qualys
                                   on July 20. A full system compromise is
                                   possible until the kernel is patched
                                   (or mitigations that may not be fully
                                   effective are applied). At its core,
                                   the vulnerability relies on a path
                                   through the kernel where 64-bit size_t
                                   values are “converted” to signed
                                   integers, which effectively results in
                                   an overflow. The flaw was reported to
                                   Red Hat on June 9, along with a local
                                   systemd denial-of-service
                                   vulnerability, leading to a kernel
                                   crash, found at the same time. Systems
                                   with untrusted local users need updates
                                   for both problems applied as soon as
                                   they are available—out of an abundance
                                   of caution, other systems likely should
                                   be updated as well.


                                   Down in the guts of the kernel’s
                                   seq_file interface, which is used for
                                   handling virtual files in /proc and the
                                   like, buffers are needed to store each
                                   line of the file’s “contents”. To
                                   start, a page of memory is allocated
                                   for the buffer, but if that is not
                                   sufficient, a new buffer that is twice
                                   the size of the old one is allocated.
                                   This is all done using a size_t, which
                                   is an unsigned 64-bit quantity (on
                                   x86_64) that is large enough to hold
                                   the results, so “the system would run
                                   out of memory long before this
                                   multiplication overflows”.


                            # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                                  # ⚓ WhatsApp_and_the_right_to_encrypt⠀⇛


                                         But his broader message for law
                                         enforcement is that encryption
                                         protects the internet. Just like
                                         in physical spaces, there should
                                         be a limit to how much law
                                         enforcement can do in cyberspace
                                         to solve crimes. For example, in
                                         an age of increasingly smart
                                         homes, police shouldn’t be able
                                         to get into your living room
                                         whenever they want; a warrant
                                         should be required, like it is in
                                         the physical world. Breaking
                                         encryption might help solve some
                                         crimes, but it will make us less
                                         safe overall.


                                  # ⚓ De-anonymization_Story⠀⇛


                                         Location data is not anonymous.
                                         It cannot be made anonymous. I
                                         hope stories like these will
                                         teach people that.


                                  # ⚓ BREAKING:_Austrian_OGH_asks_CJEU_if
                                    Facebook_“undermines”_GDPR_since_2018⠀⇛


                                         In a long-standing civil case
                                         between Max Schrems and Facebook,
                                         the Austrian Supreme Court
                                         (Oberster Gerichtshof, or “OGH”)
                                         has accepted Mr Schrems’ request
                                         to refer a number of questions to
                                         the Court of Justice of the
                                         European Union (CJEU, the highest
                                         Court in the EU). The four
                                         questions raise fundamental
                                         doubts over the legality of
                                         Facebook’s data use of all EU
                                         customers.


                                         In parallel, the Austrian Supreme
                                         Court also decided in a partial
                                         judgment that Mr Schrems will
                                         receive € 500 in symbolic
                                         emotional damages because
                                         Facebook did not give full access
                                         to Mr Schrems’ data, but instead
                                         staged an “egg hunt” for user
                                         data.


                                  # ⚓ 2,5_years_and_still_no_decision_on
                                    streaming_complaints⠀⇛


                                         In January 2019 we filed
                                         complaints against eight
                                         streaming services for not
                                         responding properly to simple
                                         access requests. As one of the
                                         most basic rights under the GDPR,
                                         the right to access allows users
                                         to find out what data a company
                                         has on them and how it is being
                                         used.


                                         Exactly two and a half years
                                         after we first filed the
                                         complaints, the lack of GDPR
                                         compliance remains apparent:
                                         merely one of the eight
                                         complaints has been resolved. In
                                         the case that was resolved, noyb
                                         took the responsible authority to
                                         court. The remaining seven cases
                                         have still not been decided and
                                         one of them was literally lost by
                                         an authority.


                                  # ⚓ Pornhub_and_XHamster_set_to_be_banned_as
                                    country_brings_in_strict_child_protection
                                    laws⠀⇛


                                         The age verifications that the
                                         KJM has been attempting to
                                         establish involve the uploading
                                         of a user’s identity documents
                                         proving they’re aged above 18,
                                         but the sites’ failure to
                                         implement this system has led to
                                         the recent and severe crackdown.


                                  # ⚓ Pornhub_and_xHamster_are_being_banned_in
                                    Germany⠀⇛


                                         Basically, this would mean
                                         issuing a blocking order to
                                         Germany’s (and Europe’s) major
                                         web and tele providers; Vodafone,
                                         Deutsche Telekom, O2 and 1&1,
                                         requesting that they block the
                                         accused websites for people
                                         trying to access it in Germany.


                                         From this, these German web and
                                         tele companies could potentially
                                         challenge such orders by
                                         approaching the country’s legal
                                         system, resulting in the age
                                         verification legal battle
                                         extending for years.


                                  # ⚓ [Old] Germany_is_about_to_block_one_of
                                    the_world’s_biggest_porn_sites⠀⇛


                                         The regulators have been trying
                                         to force pornographic websites to
                                         introduce age verification checks
                                         – which can involve the uploading
                                         of identity documents – since
                                         September 2019. Much of this has
                                         been pushed by one state
                                         regulator, Tobias Schmid of the
                                         State Media Authority of North
                                         Rhine-Westphalia, who has been
                                         criticised for his views on sex,
                                         but the matter is now also being
                                         handled by the KJM.


                                  # ⚓ Pornhub_and_XHamster_set_to_be_BLOCKED_in
                                    sex-mad_Germany_under_new_child_protection
                                    laws⠀⇛


                                         German web companies could
                                         challenge blocking orders through
                                         the country’s legal systems,
                                         meaning the battle over age
                                         verification could be dragged out
                                         for years to come. It wasn’t the
                                         first time the internet providers
                                         were asked, and refused to block
                                         the sites voluntarily.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Revisiting_“The_Year_of_the_Spy”⠀⇛


                       I started covering Chinese espionage back in 1985
                       in what was dubbed “the year of the spy.” Over a
                       remarkable period of months, U.S. authorities
                       arrested a former National Security Agency
                       employee, two members of the U.S. Navy, a civilian
                       Navy analyst and a former analyst for the Central
                       Intelligence Agency.


                       Larry Wu-Tai Chin, the retired CIA analyst, was by
                       far the most intriguing member of this rogues’
                       gallery. He labored in an obscure corner of the
                       agency, the Foreign Broadcast Information Service,
                       whose main job was to translate “open source”
                       stories from foreign press outlets for use by the
                       public and others in the government. CIA officials
                       decided to give translators like Chin access to the
                       agency’s much larger cache of classified reports
                       obtained through espionage so they could understand
                       the government-controlled press in full context.


                # ⚓ Democrats_Must_Control_the_Crime_Narrative_Before_It
                  Controls_Them⠀⇛


                       There’s no denying it: Homicides and gun violence
                       are spiking across America. FBI data estimates a 25
                       percent increase in homicides from 2019 to 2020,
                       with preliminary 2021 data showing further
                       increases. And there are some increasingly audible
                       whispers among some liberal strategists that this
                       could cost Democrats elections in 2022 and beyond.


                # ⚓ These_companies_still_donate_to_Jan._6_seditionists_in
                  Congress⠀⇛


                       Well, ha. It didn’t take long for major businesses
                       to forget about the rule of law and get back to the
                       business of paying for access to legislators.
                       Today’s hearing, the first of several designed to
                       probe the events of that day and dispel lies about
                       what happened, is a good opportunity to highlight
                       some of the recidivist firms who have no problem
                       backing politicians willing to strip away
                       Americans’ right to vote.


                       Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in
                       Washington (CREW) keeps track of which businesses
                       are donating to members of the “sedition caucus,”
                       the 147 senators and members of congress who voted
                       to reject voters in Arizona and Georgia. No
                       evidence was brought then or now to suggest the
                       results of the votes in those states were
                       compromised.


                # ⚓ China’s_Panchen_Lama_Ignored_by_Tibetans_Told_to_Show
                  Devotion⠀⇛


                       “The only people who came to see him were those
                       whose attendance had been specifically arranged by
                       the Chinese,” the source said.


                # ⚓ Chinese_President’s_Visit_to_Tibet_Sends_a_Message_to
                  India,_Experts_Say⠀⇛


                       “I think that is very significant, because what has
                       really happened with the construction of these rail
                       lines is that the distance to Lhasa from [Sichuan’s
                       capital] Chengdu, which is the headquarters of the
                       local military region, has decreased to just 13
                       hours,” Katoch said.


                       “This gives China the ability to move large numbers
                       of troops in a very short time into the Tibet
                       region in the event of hostilities,” he said.


                # ⚓ Drone_war_whistleblower_Daniel_Hale_sentenced_to_45_months
                  in_prison⠀⇛


                       Hale’s exposures also contained an analysis of the
                       drone warfare program that showed—far from Obama’s
                       claim of the surgical precision of the unmanned
                       aerial vehicle attacks—nearly 90 percent of the
                       people killed in the missile strikes were not the
                       intended targets. Hale also revealed the criteria
                       which the Obama White House used for placing an
                       individual on the terrorism watch list and then
                       authorizing them to be assassinated by military
                       personnel from remote-controlled operations
                       thousands of miles away.


                # ⚓ Former_Air_Force_analyst_who_leaked_drone_info_sentenced_to
                  45_months⠀⇛


                       Daniel Hale, 33, told a federal judge he felt
                       compelled to leak information to a journalist out
                       of guilt over his own participation in a program
                       that he believed was indiscriminately killing
                       civilians in Afghanistan far from the battlefield.


                # ⚓ Iran’s_Lame_Cyber_Aspirations_Revealed⠀⇛


                       This reports are clearly first stage fact-finding
                       and brainstorming, the very earliest stage of
                       capability development. They reveal only initial
                       cursory preliminary analysis of potential
                       vulnerabilities to exploit for cyber effects
                       operations. Comprehensive actual hands-on testing
                       of the target devices is necessary for real
                       vulnerability research reports.


                       There are a number of things that stand out in this
                       report that make me think this is not a
                       particularly impressive cyber team. The main issue
                       is that the research appears to be open source
                       document analysis, without either domain expert
                       interviews or hardware analysis.


          o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾


                # ⚓ Slovak_public_TV_fired_journalist_for_criticising_fake
                  story_about_Covid_vaccine⠀⇛


                       This is not the first time that RTVS employees have
                       suffered reprisals for disagreeing with the
                       management. In 2018, at a time of political tension
                       following journalist Ján Kuciak’s murder, several
                       reporters were sanctioned after signing an open
                       letter denouncing threats to editorial
                       independence. The letter’s target was the director-
                       general, Jaroslav Rezník, who is still in charge. A
                       total of approximately 30 journalists have been
                       forced to leave RTVS since then.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Here’s_What_Climate_Change_Will_Mean_for_Bats⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Climate_tipping_points_are_now_imminent,_scientists_warn⠀⇛


                       Thousands of scientists reiterated calls for
                       immediate action over the climate crisis in an
                       article published Wednesday in the journal
                       BioScience.


                       “The extreme climate events and patterns that we’ve
                       witnessed over the last several years — not to
                       mention the last several weeks — highlight the
                       heightened urgency with which we must address the
                       climate crisis,” said Philip Duffy, co-author of
                       the study and executive director of the Woodwell
                       Climate Research Center in the US state of
                       Massachusetts.


                # ⚓ The_Only_Way_to_Stop_Global_Warming⠀⇛


                       One way exists to stop global warming, but the
                       mutual feedback cycles that are now accelerating
                       global warming might already have achieved enough
                       speed of increasing temperature so as to prevent
                       even that one way from working, and therefore the
                       planet might already be doomed. Since the only way
                       to stop global warming hasn’t yet even been
                       proposed (much less tried), I shall now publicly
                       propose it here, in accord with the adage “Better
                       late than never.”


                       The way to stop global warming (if it still can be
                       stopped) is to ban purchases of stocks and of bonds
                       — i.e., of all forms of investment securities
                       (corporate shares and even loans being made to the
                       corporation) — of enterprises that extract from the
                       ground (land or else underwater) fossil fuels:
                       coal, oil, and/or gas.


                # § Energy⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Toyota_Led_on_Clean_Cars._Now_Critics_Say_It_Works_to
                        Delay_Them.⠀⇛


                             Together with other automakers, Toyota also
                             sided with the Trump administration in a
                             battle with California over the Clean Air Act
                             and sued Mexico over fuel efficiency rules.
                             In Japan, Toyota officials argued against
                             carbon taxes.


                             “Toyota has gone from a leading position to
                             an industry laggard” in clean-car policy even
                             as other automakers push ahead with ambitious
                             electric vehicle plans, said Danny Magill, an
                             analyst at InfluenceMap, a London-based think
                             tank that tracks corporate climate lobbying.
                             InfluenceMap gives Toyota a “D-” grade, the
                             worst among automakers, saying it exerts
                             policy influence to undermine public climate
                             goals.


                      # ⚓ Mexico’s_methane_leak_rate_twice_as_high_as_that_of
                        US,_study_finds⠀⇛


                             A group of researchers found that Mexico’s
                             methane leak rate is more than double that of
                             the United States, the world’s largest oil
                             producer. A report on their findings is
                             scheduled to be released on Wednesday.


                             Daniel Zavala, a senior scientist at the
                             United States-based non-profit Environmental
                             Defense Fund who specializes in methane
                             emissions from oil and gas operations, told
                             the news agency Reuters that satellite data
                             shows that approximately 4.7% of methane
                             produced in Mexico as a byproduct of oil and
                             gas production leaks into the atmosphere. The
                             rate is considered very high by global
                             standards.


                # § Overpopulation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Water_disputes_will_compound_instability_in_the
                        Middle_East⠀⇛


                             The Middle East is one of the driest regions
                             in the world. The scarcity of water has often
                             been touted as a source of national and
                             interstate disputes in the area. Some
                             scholars have predicted for some time the
                             possibility of deadly national altercations
                             and regional clashes over the distribution of
                             water resources in parts of the region.
                             Although no full-blown war has erupted so
                             far, two current episodes illustrate this
                             point: public protests in the Iranian
                             province of Khuzestan and the growing discord
                             between Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan over water
                             dispensation from the Nile River. With
                             climate change causing more droughts, the
                             potential for conflict over water cannot be
                             underestimated.


                      # ⚓ Thieves_in_California_are_stealing_scarce_water_amid
                        extreme_drought,_‘devastating’_some_communities⠀⇛


                             More than 12 billion gallons of water are
                             estimated to have been stolen across the
                             state since 2013, impacting legitimate
                             farming operations, drinking water sources,
                             Native American tribes and small communities,
                             Nores said.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_bank_account_of_the_African_Regional_Internet_Registry,
                  AFRINIC,_has_been_frozen⠀⇛


                       In an email addressed to its members, the Chair of
                       the AFRINIC Board of Directors, Subramanian
                       Moonesamy, informed that AFRINIC was notified by
                       one of its banks that its accounts have been
                       temporarily frozen due to legal action by one of
                       its resource members, Cloud Innovation Ltd.


                       The past few weeks have been rough between Cloud
                       Innovation Ltd and AFRINIC, each accusing the other
                       of malpractice, misunderstanding terms of agreement
                       and breach of the Registration Service Agreement
                       (RSA).


          o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾


                # ⚓ News_consumption_in_the_UK⠀⇛


                       Young people turn away from TV news to keep up to
                       date online.


                # ⚓ Young_people_shun_TV_news_bulletins_for_online_sources⠀⇛


                       Nine in 10 young people get their news online,
                       according to a report, as the under-25s turn away
                       from scheduled television bulletins.


                       Only 61 per cent of people aged 16-24 get their
                       news from TV, compared with 89 per cent who follow
                       events online.


                # ⚓ The_YouTubers_who_blew_the_whistle_on_an_anti-vax_plot⠀⇛


                       Both Léo and Mirko were appalled by the false
                       claims.


                       They pretended to be interested in order to try to
                       find out more and were provided with detailed
                       instructions about what they should say in their
                       videos.


                # ⚓ Report:_Parkland_survivor’s_dad,_radicalized_by_MTG,_now
                  thinks_shooting_was_a_hoax⠀⇛


                       The story in Vice News chronicles a former Parkland
                       student identified only as “Bill,” who says his
                       father was gradually radicalized during the
                       coronavirus pandemic by conspiracy theories spread
                       by QAnon believers and prominent far-right figures
                       like Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, R-Ga. Bill claims
                       his father went from being an anti-masker to a
                       full-blown conspiracy believer.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Freaking_Out_About_Nazi_Content_On_The_Internet_Archive_Is
                  Totally_Missing_The_Point⠀⇛


                       The moral panics around anyone finding “bad”
                       content online are getting out of control. The
                       latest is a truly silly article in the San
                       Francisco Chronicle whining about the fact that
                       there is Nazi content available on the Internet
                       Archive, written by the executive director of the
                       Middle East Media Research Institute, Steven
                       Stalinsky, who is quite perturbed that his own
                       personal content moderation desires are not how the
                       Internet Archive moderates.


                # ⚓ Roskomnadzor_orders_Twitter_to_block_Lyubov_Sobol’s
                  account⠀⇛


                       Russian opposition politician Lyubov Sobol says
                       that the country’s federal censor , Roskomnadzor,
                       sent a notice to Twitter ordering the social
                       network to block her account.


                # ⚓ Prosecutors_in_the_‘Sanitary_Case’_seek_two_years
                  restricted_freedom_for_Lyubov_Sobol⠀⇛


                       The prosecution in the so-called “Sanitary Case” is
                       seeking a two-year parole-like sentence for
                       opposition politician Lyubov Sobol. 


                # ⚓ Hong_Kong_gets_to_grips_with_security_law’s_‘invisible_red
                  line’⠀⇛


                       Experts told Times Higher Education that the city
                       was entering a “new era”, where it could be more
                       difficult to teach, research and debate
                       controversial subjects. This leaves administrators
                       stuck between a local culture that prizes open
                       enquiry and authorities accustomed to higher levels
                       of control.


                       “The NSL has basically brought Hong Kong into line
                       with a situation that mainland [Chinese] academics
                       and students have known for decades: academic and
                       intellectual censorship as the norm – the
                       difference being that mainland [Chinese] have
                       learned to navigate the whimsical nature of the
                       system, while their counterparts in Hong Kong have
                       not,” said Gregory Lee, founding professor of
                       Chinese studies at the University of St Andrews,
                       who previously held senior positions at Hong Kong
                       universities.


                # ⚓ Nobelists_decry_Chinese_government’s_censorship_attempts_at
                  the_Nobel_Summit⠀⇛


                       More than 100 Nobel laureates have signed a
                       statement expressing outrage after the Chinese
                       government intended to “bully the scientific
                       community” earlier this year with attempts to
                       censor two Nobel laureates during the Nobel Prize
                       Summit, organized by the U.S. National Academy of
                       Sciences (NAS) and the Nobel Foundation in April.


                       The statement alleges that staffers at the Chinese
                       embassy in Washington, D.C., phoned NAS officials
                       in March, and again in early April before the
                       summit, to insist that two scheduled speakers, the
                       Dalai Lama and Yuan Lee—a Taiwanese chemist who was
                       awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1986 for
                       his work on chemical kinetics—be disinvited and not
                       allowed to speak. An email with the same demand was
                       received by NAS on 25 April, 1 day before the start
                       of the summit. On all three occasions, NAS said no.


                # ⚓ Germany’s_push_for_tighter_tech_regulation⠀⇛


                       Under the German law, obviously illegal content
                       must be removed within 24 hours, while the
                       timeframe for more ambiguous content is within a
                       week. “In the DSA, such deadlines for deletions
                       have not been provided for so far, but they would
                       be urgently necessary,” said Ballon.


                       But the NetzDG’s very tight deadlines for deleting
                       illegal hate postings are viewed critically by some
                       at the EU level.


                       Patrick Breyer, rapporteur of the European
                       Parliament’s Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice
                       and Home Affairs (LIBE) rejects including deletion
                       obligations in the DSA. This would make “global
                       internet corporations like Facebook to be quick
                       censors and judges of right and wrong”, Breyer told
                       EURACTIV.


                # ⚓ Tesla_Is_Reportedly_Trying_To_Make_People_Delete_Mean_Posts
                  About_Elon_Musk⠀⇛


                       A team of nine was tasked with searching for
                       negative posts abut Musk, according to Insider. The
                       report aligns with a January job posting for a
                       “customer support specialist,” who was tasked with
                       addressing “social media escalations directed at
                       the CEO.”


                # ⚓ Will_Instagram’s_new_‘sensitive_content’_filter_censor
                  Black_users?⠀⇛


                       “No one really knew it was placed on their account.
                       It was a pre-emptive move,” Preston said of the
                       filter. “I saw Instagram was ushering us into a new
                       era in which they were allowed to be the ones who
                       determined what was sensitive and unsafe and what
                       was not. The problem with that is that our
                       identities, experience and very being is going to
                       be deemed sensitive and unsafe, because our
                       experiences are unsafe.”


          o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ Moscow_court_satisfies_RT_host’s_lawsuit_against_Novaya
                  Gazeta_and_politician_Leonid_Gozman⠀⇛


                       The Moscow Arbitration Court has ordered the
                       independent newspaper Novaya Gazeta to delete an
                       article by politician Leonid Gozman, reports the
                       human rights group Pravozashchita Otkrytki. The
                       article in question alleges that the state-owned
                       television network Russia Today (RT) obtained
                       wiretapped records of a phone conversation between
                       Gozman himself and journalist Igor Yakovenko.


                # ⚓ Home_of_Another_Investigative_Journalist_in_Russia_Raided⠀⇛


                       Police in Russia raided the home of the chief
                       editor of an investigative media outlet that was
                       recently designated as a “foreign agent,” the
                       latest move by authorities to raise pressure on
                       independent media before the country’s September
                       parliamentary election.


                # ⚓ Urgent_need_to_escape_the_surveillance_technology_jungle⠀⇛


                       The “Pegasus Project” investigation has shown that
                       the Pegasus spyware developed by the Israeli
                       company NSO Group is systematically used for
                       surveillance that violates the most fundamental
                       human rights safeguards. Just the number of
                       journalists targeted by this technology – nearly
                       200 – confirms the degree to which the surveillance
                       technology sector is escaping regulation.


                       The Wassenaar Arrangement – which is the main
                       multilateral agreement for controlling the
                       exportation of dual-use products and technology and
                       which dates back to 1996 – has once again proved
                       largely inadequate and inoperative.


                # ⚓ Wikileaks_founder_Julian_Assange_stripped_of_Ecuadorian
                  citizenship⠀⇛


                       Ecuador’s justice system formally notified the
                       Australian of the nullity of his naturalisation in
                       a letter that came in response to a claim filed by
                       the South American country’s Foreign Ministry.


                       A naturalisation is considered damaging when it is
                       granted based on the concealment of relevant facts,
                       false documents or fraud.


                       Ecuadorian authorities say Assange’s naturalisation
                       letter had multiple inconsistencies, different
                       signatures, the possible alteration of documents
                       and unpaid fees, among other issues.


                # ⚓ Ecuador_strips_Julian_Assange_of_citizenship⠀⇛


                       Assange’s lawyer, Carlos Poveda, told the
                       Associated Press that the decision was made without
                       due process and that Assange was not permitted to
                       appear.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Protest_Song_Of_The_Week:_‘Why_We_March’_By_AWKWORD_&_Jesse
                  Jett⠀⇛


                       Originally published at Ongoing History of Protest
                       Music


                       This hard-hitting collaboration between two
                       politically minded hip-hop artists was released on
                       July 24 to coincide with the Medicare For All
                       marches that took place on that day across 50
                       cities.


                # ⚓ The_Trouble_With_‘the_LGBT_Community’⠀⇛


                       When I met a former independent Lebanese parliament
                       member, she asked me, “How can we mobilize the LGBT
                       vote in Lebanon?” She wanted to understand why the
                       Lebanese “LGBT community” had not voted as a block
                       in the 2018 parliamentary elections to oppose
                       sectarian political parties.


                # ⚓ Chinese_court_sentences_whistleblowing_agricultural_tycoon
                  to_18_years_in_prison⠀⇛


                       A Chinese court sentenced agricultural tycoon Sun
                       Dawu to 18 years in jail on Wednesday for a
                       catalogue of crimes including “provoking trouble”
                       after the outspoken billionaire and grassroots
                       rights supporter was tried in secret.


                # ⚓ Hong_Kong_activist_found_guilty_in_first_for_new_security
                  law⠀⇛


                       The widely anticipated ruling, much of which has
                       hinged on the interpretation of the slogan, imposes
                       new limits on free speech in the former British
                       colony, activists say. Human rights groups have
                       also criticized the decision to deny Mr. Tong bail
                       and a jury trial, which have been key features of
                       Hong Kong’s rule of law.


                # ⚓ Court_OKs_3rd-degree_murder_charges_against_3-ex_cops_in
                  Floyd_death⠀⇛


                       Prosecutors may file aiding and abetting third-
                       degree murder charges against three former
                       Minneapolis police officers in the death of George
                       Floyd, the Minnesota Court of Appeals ruled
                       Wednesday.


                       The appeals court sent the case back to Hennepin
                       County District Judge Peter Cahill. He denied
                       prosecutors’ motion to add the charges against
                       former officers J Kueng, Thomas Lane and Tou Thao
                       back in February during the runup to the separate
                       trial of former Officer Derek Chauvin, whom Cahill
                       sentenced on Friday to 22 1/2 years in prison for
                       second-degree murder.


                # ⚓ Court_Ok’s_3rd-degree_murder_against_3-ex_cops_in_Floyd
                  death⠀⇛


                       In affirming Noor’s conviction, the appeals court
                       ruled that the act can be directed at a single
                       person. Cahill then reinstated the third-degree
                       murder charge against Chauvin on that basis, but
                       deferred a ruling in the cases of the other three.


                       The Minnesota Supreme Court heard oral arguments in
                       Noor’s appeal three weeks ago, and its pending
                       decision is expected to have repercussions for all
                       five ex-officers, as well as the ability of
                       prosecutors to charge other officers with third-
                       degree murder,.


                # ⚓ Toronto_man_charged_after_posting_photo_of_Alberta_judge
                  taken_during_court_hearing_for_COVID-19_rule_breakers⠀⇛


                       The contempt charges are for both taking and
                       posting the photos and for allegedly recording the
                       proceedings and posting non-certified
                       transcriptions.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_FTC_Is_Driving_Away_Good_Economists_In_Favor_Of
                  Political_Henchmen⠀⇛


                       Shut up and get in line — that’s the message
                       Federal Trade Commission Chair Lina Khan recently
                       broadcasted to FTC staffers. Within her first month
                       as a new commissioner, Khan ordered a stop to all
                       public speaking for “an all-hands-on-deck moment.”
                       Evidently, she wants the FTC speaking with only one
                       voice — her own. The gag order is going to run out
                       the top economists and harm the FTC’s long-term
                       effectiveness.


                # ⚓ GeoTech_Commissioner_Vint_Cerf_and_others_release_the
                  report,_“Strategy_Toward_a_Solar_System_Internet_For
                  Humanity”⠀⇛


                       As part of the InterPlanetary Networking Special
                       Interest Group (IPNSIG), GeoTech Commissioner Vint
                       Cerf was one of the five authors that released a
                       report that discussed the technical, operational
                       and political challenges toward the development of
                       a Solar System Internet (SSI). [...]


                # ⚓ The_anatomy_of_the_internet:_how_does_data_get_sent_to_your
                  device?⠀⇛


                       That isn’t always the most efficient way to deliver
                       data – and the people behind the internet’s
                       infrastructure know it. Which is why they have
                       instigated new systems in the past 20 years to
                       enable the better transfer of data.


                       One of them is Multiprotocol Label Switching
                       (MPLS). Rather than letting an individual packet of
                       data determine its own way around the globe, MPLS
                       requires that it’s sent a certain way – so you know
                       you have more reliability.


                       One of the challenges, says Kaufmann, of keeping
                       [I]nternet infrastructure up to date is that it
                       requires building on top of what’s already there,
                       rather than ripping up the infrastructure and
                       starting again. We wouldn’t countenance turning the
                       [I]nternet off for days, weeks or months to upgrade
                       it from scratch.


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # § Patents⠀➾


                      # ⚓ TRIPS_COVID-19_Waiver,_Patent_Breaking_and_Investment
                        Treaty_Arbitration [Ed: So patents kill and more
                        nations now recognise this. The patent maximalists
                        panic as this realisation upsets their self-serving
                        worldwiew]⠀⇛


                             Almost ten months after India and South
                             Africa sparked the debate on the protection
                             of intellectual property rights with the
                             TRIPS COVID-19 Waiver (IP/C/W/669), there is
                             still no consensus at the TRIPS Council in
                             favour of any action. Despite the support of
                             numerous other WTO Members, including the
                             United States, the TRIPS COVID-19 Waiver
                             still faces the opposition of European
                             governments. In June 2021, the European Union
                             submitted a different proposal, which
                             favoured the use of the existing compulsory
                             licensing mechanism under the TRIPS Agreement
                             (IP/C/W/681).


                             [...]


                             But even if the TRIPS COVID-19 Waiver is
                             finally approved, it is unlikely that it will
                             be the end of the matter. On the contrary.
                             The break of COVID-19 vaccines and medicines’
                             patents will likely open the gates to legal
                             disputes worldwide. Patents, like (most)
                             intellectual property rights, are territorial
                             in nature. This means that, except for
                             certain regional arrangements, patents are
                             acquired and enforced under the laws of each
                             State within its territory. Inventors do not
                             enforce their right to have their inventions
                             protected by patents pursuant to Article 27
                             of the TRIPS Agreement, nor do patent
                             proprietors enforce their rights pursuant to
                             Article 28 of the TRIPS Agreement. What the
                             TRIPS Agreement does is to place on WTO
                             Members the obligation to implement in their
                             domestic legislations the right of inventors
                             to have their inventions protected by patents
                             and the rights conferred on patent
                             proprietors. Because of its territorial
                             nature, the patent and the rights conferred
                             on its proprietor will not be directly
                             affected by the TRIPS COVID-19 Waiver if the
                             obligation to implement TRIPS provisions on
                             patents had been correctly implemented in the
                             domestic legal system of the State where the
                             patent was acquired. The TRIPS COVID-19
                             Waiver will only have the effect of shielding
                             WTO Members from being accused of not
                             implementing the TRIPS Agreement. Patent
                             proprietors will still be entitled to enforce
                             their rights through different means,
                             including through international treaties for
                             the promotion and protection of foreign
                             investments (‘investment treaties’).


                # § Trademarks⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Golden_Globe_statuette_2018_denied_copyright
                        protection_in_the_US [Ed: Trademarks — not copyrights —
                        should apply here]⠀⇛


                             The Work (referred to in proceedings as the
                             ‘Golden Globe statuette 2018’, pictured) is
                             described as “a sculpture cast in a matte
                             gold material, with the top of the globe
                             wrapped by a cascading filmstrip. The globe
                             is supported by an inverted cone-shaped base
                             comprised of the letters HFPA. The base sits
                             atop a trophy-style stand made of stacked
                             circular and cylindrical shapes of varying
                             sizes, including a gold cup or chalice-
                             shaped base directly below the inverted base.
                             The words “Hollywood Foreign Press
                             Association” are etched into the bottom of
                             the circular stand”.


                             The Work was a derivative sculpture based on
                             an earlier work (also pictured, below) which,
                             in turn, was a derivative of earlier
                             versions, with the Golden Globe Statuette
                             existing since at least 1952.


                # § Copyrights⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Long_Walk_to_Copyright_Reform_(Pt_3):_What_does/
                        should_South_Africa_want_with_its_copyright_exceptions?
                        [Ed: Why can only South Africa give the finger to the
                        copyright cartel?]⠀⇛


                             The window for stakeholders and interested
                             parties to make written submissions in
                             response to the invitation of the Portfolio
                             Committee on Trade and Industry in South
                             Africa regarding certain clauses of the
                             Copyright Amendment Bill (CAB) closed earlier
                             this month on 9 July 2021. As previously
                             indicated here, South Africa’s President had
                             returned the CAB to Parliament alleging inter
                             alia reservations on the constitutionality of
                             clauses 13 and 20 of the Bill. As part of the
                             process to address the President’s
                             reservations, the Portfolio Committee on
                             Trade and Industry had invited written
                             submissions.


                             [...]


                             There is consensus on all sides that South
                             Africa’s current position on the fair dealing
                             ‘line’ is problematic. The point of debate is
                             what to do about it. Should South Africa stay
                             on the fair dealing line but move to a
                             different point on that line? Should it leave
                             the fair dealing line entirely and get on the
                             fair use line? The current draft of the
                             Copyright Amendment Bill has taken the later
                             approach.


                             For those in favour of retaining that line/
                             approach, the copyright exceptions complies
                             with the three-step test, which is concerned
                             with the ‘legitimate interests’ of the
                             copyright owner, not those of third parties.
                             For them, South African courts under the fair
                             dealing regime have had to deploy a process
                             of reasoning to determine if a particular use
                             falls within the enumerated activities.
                             Within the proposed fair use regime, this
                             process of reasoning would continue albeit
                             based on the set of factors now statutorily
                             indicated in the Bill.


                             The fair use proponents also argue that the
                             only departure that the CAB made from the
                             fair dealing line of the current Copyright
                             Act is that the fair use provision in Section
                             12A of the CAB uses the words “such as,” when
                             enumerating the purposes for which a work may
                             be used (as opposed to just providing a list
                             of permitted uses). In their view, this
                             allows the law sufficient room to develop
                             naturally without the constant need for the
                             legislator to intervene. For them, this is
                             helpful because the current fair dealing
                             arrangement is limited and does not address
                             the digital space, evolving technologies, or
                             the 4IR.


                      # ⚓ BlockCrushr_drops_lawsuit_accusing_ConsenSys_of
                        stealing_its_[Copyrights]⠀⇛


                             BlockCrushr had received a $100,000
                             investment from ConsenSys and was admitted
                             into its Tachyon accelerator program. The
                             startup alleged that ConsenSys used trade
                             secrets gleaned through the program to front-
                             run its own product to market before
                             BlockCrushr.


                             BlockCrushr claimed that “every aspect of its
                             marketing, financial, technical and
                             regulatory strategy” was shared with
                             ConsenSys during the Tachyon program,
                             including “the source code and proprietary
                             technical solution to its recurring payments
                             platform.”


                             While IP enforcement has been seen as
                             antithetical to crypto’s core ethos of
                             decentralized open-source development,
                             intellectual property [sic] matters have
                             emerged as an increasingly hot issue.


                      # ⚓ Bungie_&_Ubisoft_Sue_Destiny_2_Cheatmakers_Ring-1_For
                        Copyright_Infringement⠀⇛


                             Bungie and Ubisoft have filed a lawsuit
                             against five individuals said to be behind
                             Ring-1, the claimed creator and distributor
                             of cheat software targeting Destiny and
                             Rainbox Six Seige. Among other offenses the
                             gaming companies allege copyright
                             infringement and trafficking in circumvention
                             devices, estimating damages in the millions
                             of dollars.


                      # ⚓ GitHub_to_help_developers_with_DMCA_disputes [Ed:
                        Microsoft_spin]⠀⇛


                             Leveraging its $1 million Developer Defense
                             Fund founded late last year, the company on
                             June 27 is unveiling its GitHub Developer
                             Rights Fellowship at the Stanford Law School
                             Juelsgaard Intellectual Property [sic] and
                             Innovation Clinic.


                             The goal of the fund and the new fellowship
                             is to help developers navigate the
                             requirements of Section 1201 of the DMCA,
                             which makes it illegal to use source code
                             that bypasses measures that control access to
                             copyrighted material.


                             GitHub noted that navigating digital rights
                             under the DMCA can be extremely difficult for
                             software developers, especially open source
                             developers working in their spare time
                             without the resources of a large company
                             behind them. When faced with a DMCA takedown
                             notice, it can often be easier and cheaper to
                             just remove code from public view and out of
                             the common good.


                      # ⚓ Cox_Settles_Lawsuit_Over_‘Abusive’_DMCA_Notice
                        Campaign⠀⇛


                             Internet provider Cox Communications has
                             dropped its lawsuit against Rightscorp and
                             BMG. The ISP accused the companies of sending
                             abusive and unfair DMCA takedown notices to
                             fabricate massive copyright infringement
                             claims. Despite these strong words and harsh
                             allegations, the parties managed to resolve
                             the matter out of court.



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5337

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.29.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


✐ Links_29/7/2021:_siduction_2021.2_and_Xubuntu_21.10_Dev_Update⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 11:20 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Distributions
          o Devices/Embedded
    * Free_Software/Open_Source
    * Leftovers
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾


                # ⚓ Linux_Not_Installing_on_Chromebook?_Here_is_The_Easiest
                  Fix! [Ed: Wrong solution. The way to install it is to remove
                  ChromeOS, but Pentagon contractors work to make 'Linux' just
                  some thing that runs under malware with back doors and
                  keyloggers on highly restrictive hardware]⠀⇛


                       The recent Chrome OS 91 update has introduced a
                       nasty bug that prevents users from setting up Linux
                       on their Chromebooks. Many users are reporting that
                       while installing Linux, they are facing the “Chrome
                       OS update required” error even though Chrome OS is
                       on the latest build. Upon investigation, we’ve
                       found that the new DLC service is the actual
                       culprit and is stopping Chrome OS from downloading
                       the latest Debian Buster build in the Linux
                       container. So if you are facing the same issue and
                       can’t install Linux on your Chromebook, follow our
                       guide to fix the issue.


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ AMD_PMC_Updates,_Intel_Alder_Lake_HID,_Gigabyte-WMI_Patches
                  Land_In_Linux_5.14_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                       While solidly into the “fixes” stage of Linux 5.14
                       kernel development, the x86 platform driver pull
                       request this week — which has already been merged
                       to mainline — does have some new additions worth
                       mentioning.


                       Merged into the Linux 5.14 development code
                       yesterday was a batch of platform-drivers-x86
                       changes.


                # § Graphics Stack⠀➾


                      # ⚓ RenderDoc_1.15_Released_For_Cross-Platform/API
                        Graphics_Debugging_–_Phoronix⠀⇛


                             RenderDoc continues maturing gracefully as
                             the leading frame-capture based graphics
                             debugging system for OpenGL / Direct3D /
                             Vulkan across all major operating systems as
                             well as some consoles.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ Viewing_enabled_and_running_services_on_Linux_with
                  systemctl⠀⇛


                       A vast majority of Linux systems these days are
                       using systemd – a suite of programs aimed at
                       managing and interconnecting different parts of the
                       system. Systemd started replacing the init process
                       back in 2014 and is now the first process that
                       starts when most Linux systems boot. To get a quick
                       peek, you can run a command like this, which
                       verifies that process 1 is indeed systemd. On this
                       system, two additional systemd processes are
                       currently also running.


                # ⚓ Troubleshooting_application_performance_with_Red_Hat
                  OpenShift_metrics,_Part_4:_Gathering_performance_metrics_|
                  Red_Hat_Developer⠀⇛


                       This series shows how to use Red Hat OpenShift
                       metrics in a real-life performance testing
                       scenario. I used these metrics to run performance
                       tests on the Service Binding Operator. We used the
                       results to performance-tune the Service Binding
                       Operator for acceptance into the Developer Sandbox
                       for Red Hat OpenShift.


                       In Part 3, I showed you how we set up OpenShift’s
                       monitoring stack to collect runtime metrics for our
                       testing scenarios. I also shared a collector script
                       that ensures the results are preserved on a node
                       that won’t crash. Now, we can look at the
                       performance metrics we’ll use and how to gather the
                       data we need.


                # ⚓ Running_openSUSE_in_a_FreeBSD_jail_using_Bastille_|_Random
                  thoughts_of_Peter_‘CzP’_Czanik⠀⇛


                       Last week, when the latest version of Bastille, a
                       jail (container) management system for FreeBSD was
                       released, it also included experimental Linux
                       support. Its author needed Ubuntu, so that was
                       implemented. I prefer openSUSE, so with some ugly
                       hacks I could get openSUSE up and running in
                       Bastille. I was asked to document it in a blog.
                       This topic does not fit the sudo or syslog-ng
                       blogs, where I regularly contribute. However it
                       involves two of my favorite operating systems:
                       FreeBSD, which I started to use in 1994 and
                       (open)SUSE, which I started to use in 1996. This is
                       how my personal blog was born after years of
                       procrastination 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇:-)⦈


                       Note. OpenSUSE in a FreeBSD jail is barely usable.
                       The way I installed it is an ugly hack, even in my
                       own view. But it works, and some people might find
                       it useful…


                # ⚓ How_to_Display_Linux_CPU_Info_Using_CPUFetch⠀⇛


                       cpufetch is a simple, lightweight, and modern CPU
                       architecture fetching utility created to offer
                       users with valuable information about the computer
                       architecture of the CPU in ASCII art format with
                       the system color scheme in the terminal.


                       According to the developer, the cpufetch program
                       supports x86, x86_64 (Intel and AMD), and ARM
                       architectures to display a lot of useful
                       information about the CPU that includes name,
                       cores, technology, micro-architecture, max
                       frequency, FMA, AVX, peak performance, and the L1i,
                       L1d, L2, and L3 sizes.


                # ⚓ How_To_Install_OpenLiteSpeed_on_Debian_10_–_idroot⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
                       OpenLiteSpeed on Debian 10. For those of you who
                       didn’t know, OpenLiteSpeed ​​is a free, open-
                       source, and lightweight HTTP server developed by
                       LiteSpeed ​​Technologies. It provides a web-based
                       user interface for managing the webserver from the
                       browser. OpenLiteSpeed ​​is used to easily create
                       and manage websites. It is a powerful, modular HTTP
                       server and can handle hundreds of thousands of
                       simultaneous connections.


                       This article assumes you have at least basic
                       knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
                       most importantly, you host your site on your own
                       VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
                       you are running in the root account, if not you may
                       need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
                       privileges. I will show you through the step-by-
                       step installation of the OpenLiteSpeed web server
                       on a Debian 10 (Buster).


                # ⚓ How_to_Find_Specific_Text_using_GREP_on_Linux_–
                  Cloudbooklet⠀⇛


                       How to Find Specific Text using grep on Linux. grep
                       is a short form for Global Regular Expression
                       Print. It is one of the most useful tools in Linux
                       to search for a specific string over files
                       recursively or on a single file.


                       In this guide you are going to learn how to use the
                       grep command for various use cases on your Linux
                       machine.


                # ⚓ How_to_make_your_Ubuntu_Desktop_look_like_Windows_11_–
                  Techzim⠀⇛


                       Although my laptop is more than capable of running
                       Windows 11 that is never going to happen. While
                       Windows 11 is no doubt an awesome operating system
                       with stunning visuals and very impressive under the
                       hood improvements I stopped dual-booting many years
                       ago. That was after discovering that the only time
                       I was booting into Windows was to install updates.


                       But this weekend I did something Windows related. A
                       friend of mine who is a gamer challenged me. I am
                       always telling people about the malleability of
                       Linux and how you can make it look like anything
                       including Windows 11. He wanted me to make my
                       Desktop, yes running Ubuntu if you haven’t already
                       guessed, look like Windows 11. So I went to work
                       and the results surprised both of us. You can
                       indeed make Ubuntu look like Windows 11.


                # ⚓ Configure_your_Chrony_daemon_with_an_Ansible_playbook_|
                  Enable_Sysadmin⠀⇛


                       Chrony is a Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon and
                       a replacement for the ntpd (Network Time Protocol
                       daemon) that’s standard on most *nix systems.
                       Chrony is a newer implementation of the NTP that
                       usually updates time faster and is more accurate
                       than ntpd.


                       In this example, you’ve set all necessary settings
                       in your /etc/chrony.conf, and now you want to use
                       this configuration on all your hosts. You can turn
                       the configuration file into an Ansible template and
                       deploy it.


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Check_out_the_Spiritfarer_documentary_from_Thunder_Lotus
                  and_The_Escapist_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛


                       Spiritfarer was an absolutely gorgeous release from
                       Thunder Lotus in 2020 and now you can learn a
                       little more about how it became to be and the
                       inspiration behind it.


                       “Spiritfarer is a cozy management game about dying.
                       As ferrymaster to the deceased, build a boat to
                       explore the world, care for your spirit friends,
                       and guide them across mystical seas to finally
                       release them into the afterlife. What will you
                       leave behind?”


                # ⚓ Godot_3.4_beta_2_is_out_improving_web_exporting,_crypto,
                  rendering_improvements_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛


                       Technically this is the first true Beta for Godot
                       3.4 as they mostly skipped the first when it had a
                       major issue. Godot 3.4 is coming with some really
                       great sounding improvements for this cross-platform
                       free and open source game engine.


                       Unlike a lot of other game engines, Godot gives you
                       full access to the source code. It’s full supported
                       across Linux, macOS and Windows for both the editor
                       and game exports and it’s Linux support is top-
                       notch. There’s also no royalties to pay at any
                       point.


                # ⚓ Humble’s_Early_Access_All-Stars_Bundle_has_some_fun_treats,
                  save_on_Humble_Choice_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛


                       Want to pick up what could turn into some truly
                       great games? Humble has a new bundle out with the
                       Humble’s Early Access All-Stars Bundle.


                       As usual, there’s a bundle for everything now but
                       at times it does give us an opportunity to pick up
                       something a bit cheaper that perhaps we skipped
                       over before.


          o § Distributions⠀➾


                # § New Releases⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Manjaro_21.1_Pahvo_Release_is_near⠀⇛


                             We added automatic backups on any package
                             upgrade action when you use BTRFS as your
                             filesystem. Get our latest Release Candidate
                             2 now!


                             Since we released Ornara earlier this year
                             all our developer teams worked hard to get
                             the next release of Manjaro out there. We
                             call it Pahvo.


                             This release features major improvements to
                             Calamares, including filesystem selection for
                             automatic partitioning and enhanced support
                             for btrfs. For btrfs installations, the
                             default subvolume layout has been improved
                             for easier rollbacks and less wasted space on
                             snapshots. Additionally, swapfiles on btrfs
                             filesystem are now supported.


                             The Gnome edition has received a major rework
                             the update to Gnome 40. The default layout
                             has been redesigned to follow more closely
                             upstream defaults, with some adjustments to
                             reduce the pointer travel for users who
                             prefer using mouse with gnome.


                             


                      # ⚓ Manjaro_21.1_Bringing_Enhanced_Support_For_Btrfs,
                        Automatic_Backups⠀⇛


                # § Debian Family⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Release_Notes_for_siduction_2021.2.0⠀⇛


                             The siduction team is very proud that for our
                             10th birthday (yes, we started out in July
                             2011) we can present to you siduction
                             2021.2.0. This one is dubbed »Farewell« in
                             remembrance of our friend Axel, who passed
                             away way to early. So no, farewell does not
                             mean we are going anywhere. The highlight of
                             this release is the resuscitated siduction
                             manual, that goes back to the days of sidux,
                             which some of you will remember as a former
                             incarnation of siduction. We will go on a
                             little history tour on that further down. But
                             first things first.


                # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Xubuntu_21.10_Dev_Update⠀⇛


                             Development on Xubuntu 21.10 has kicked off
                             with some new additions to the seed.
                             Expanding Xubuntu’s core application set
                             continues to make it easy to use and meet the
                             needs of its users.


                             I’m finally getting back to regular FOSS
                             development time, this time focusing again on
                             Xubuntu. Resuming team votes and getting
                             community feedback has kicked off development
                             on Xubuntu 21.10 “Impish Indri”. Recent team
                             votes have expanded Xubuntu’s collection of
                             apps. Read on to learn more!


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Xiaomi_rolls_out_stable_MIUI_12.5_update_with_Android
                        11_to_Redmi_Note_9⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Motorola_Android_11_update:_List_of_eligible_devices
                        &_release_date⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ More_Android_Updates_&_Face_Unlock_Make_Google’s
                        Pixel_6_Exciting⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Asus_Zenfone_8_Flip_gets_July_2021_Android_security
                        patch_in_latest_update_|_Technology⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ New_Android_Malware_Uses_VNC_to_Spy_and_Steal
                        Passwords_from_Victims⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Nokia_T20_Tablet:_Nokia_T20_Android_tablet_price_and
                        specifications_leaked_online_–_Times_of_India⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Snapchat_Dark_mode_for_Android_phones:_Here’s_how_to
                        get_the_feature⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ I_couldn’t_stop_this_Android_bug_from_eating_up_all
                        of_my_phone’s_storage_|_Android_Central⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Xbox_Game_Pass_v2107.17.721_hints_at_imminent_release
                        on_Android_TV⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Google_developing_‘Switch_to_Android’_for_iPhone
                        users_for_direct_transfer_of_data_from_iOS_to_Android⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Android_13_could_finally_allow_secondary_profiles_to
                        make_NFC_payments_–_Phandroid⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Samsung_says_One_UI_4.0_beta_coming_soon,_retracts_it
                        –_Android_Authority⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Android_12_Adds_In_An_Upgraded_Emergency_Contact_That
                        Provides_Faster_Calling_Accessibility_/_Digital
                        Information_World⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Pixel_6_lineup_to_showcase_Android_12_and_Google’s
                        Deep_Tech_Investments_|_Technology_News,The_Indian
                        Express⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Android_TV_12_will_be_a_massive_update_with_a_lot_of
                        new_features⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Android_Studio_Arctic_Fox_now_available_w/_Wear_OS
                        pairing_–_9to5Google⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_A42_5G_review:_Ready_for_an_adventure
                        |_Android_Central⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ MediaTek_announces_Kompanio_1300T_SoC_for_Android
                        tablets_–_Android_Community⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Aussies_switching_to_Android_|_GadgetGuy⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ This_Android_smartphone_comes_with_a_massive
                        13,200mAh_battery⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Google_Bug_Hunters_unifies_VRP_sites_for_Android,
                        Chrome,_and_Play⠀⇛


          o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


                # § Web Browsers⠀➾


                      # § Mozilla⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Mozilla_ups_its_VPN_game_–_and_the_price_–_with
                              split_tunneling_for_Android,_iOS⠀⇛


                                   Browser maker Mozilla has enhanced its
                                   Virtual Private Network (VPN) service
                                   with split tunnelling and doubled the
                                   monthly pricing plan for new customers
                                   that don’t want to commit to a one year
                                   contract.


                                   The VPN service was launched a little
                                   more than a year ago, and Moz has since
                                   gradually added features and expanded
                                   the number of countries where it is
                                   available.


                                   One glaring omission was split
                                   tunnelling – the ability to divide
                                   traffic and select which apps go
                                   through the encrypted VPN tunnel or the
                                   open network. Available on Android and
                                   iOS, the feature is one that has,
                                   according to Mozilla, “been requested
                                   by many users.” It’s certainly handy
                                   for high-bandwidth scenarios that might
                                   not need a full-on VPN.


                # § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Fixing_an_Interoperability_Bug_in_LibreOffice:
                        Missing_Lines_from_DOCX_(part_1/3)⠀⇛


                             In LibreOffice, interoperability is
                             considered a very important aspect of the
                             software. Today, LibreOffice can load and
                             save various file formats from many different
                             office applications from different companies
                             across the world. But bugs are inevitable
                             parts of every software:there are situations
                             where the application does not behave as it
                             should, and a developer should take action
                             and fix it, so that it will behave as it is
                             expected by the user.


                             What if you encounter a bug in LibreOffice,
                             and how does a developer fix the problem? In
                             these series of articles, we discuss the
                             steps needed to fix a bug. In the end, we
                             will provide a test and make sure that the
                             same problem does not happen in the future.


                # § Programming/Development⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Excellent_Free_Tutorials_to_Learn_PostScript⠀⇛


                             PostScript is an interpreted, stack-based
                             language similar to Forth but with strong
                             dynamic typing, data structures inspired by
                             those found in Lisp, scoped memory and, since
                             language level 2, garbage collection.


                             The language syntax uses reverse Polish
                             notation, which makes the order of operations
                             unambiguous, but reading a program requires
                             some practice.


                             PostScript is a Turing-complete programming
                             language, belonging to the concatenative
                             group. This means that any program you can
                             write in any programming language, you can
                             write in PostScript (albeit it will be
                             slower).


                             PostScript files are (generally) plain text
                             files and as such they can easily be
                             generated by hand or as the output of user
                             written programs. As with most programming
                             languages, postscript files (programs) are
                             intended to be, at least partially, human-
                             readable.


                             Here’s our recommended tutorials to learn
                             PostScript.


                      # § Perl/Raku⠀➾


                            # ⚓ Using_Cache::Memcached_and_its_->stats
                              method?⠀⇛


                                   It’s very slow if you have more than a
                                   few thousand keys in memcached. Not an
                                   unusual use case I think? I’ve got a
                                   fix here, which appears to DTRT: https:
                                   //rt.cpan.org/Ticket/
                                   Display.html?id=138133. Maybe? I didn’t
                                   spend too long looking at memcached’s
                                   low level wire protocol.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ Confessions_of_an_Ecumenical_Leftist⠀⇛


                 I’m 54 years old, and I’ve been some kind of an activist
                 since I was 12.  I learn a little more with each passing
                 year on Earth, but lately the pace has accelerated, along
                 with everything else.  I was raised by musicians, and I
                 became one myself early on.  When I started writing songs
                 about different social movement activities and notable
                 moments in history from around the US and the world, I
                 started meeting more and more people from everywhere, and
                 touring everywhere, too.  As a songwriter and performer
                 I’ve been able to participate in social movements on an
                 ongoing basis in a dozen or so countries, spending most
                 of my adult life on the road, doing that.


                 When I was a kid, up until my early twenties, I went to
                 protests and participated a very little bit in some
                 actual organizing, but mostly I guess I thought that
                 constantly haranguing people to come around to my
                 worldview was activism.  Mostly it just turned people
                 off, and I lost a lot of friends, and didn’t enact any
                 social change in the process either, as far as I could
                 tell.  Once, when I guess I was around 22 years old, I
                 shouted from the audience to a couple of my favorite folk
                 musicians, because they said something nice about
                 pacifism.  They didn’t know who I was, and they looked
                 frightened.  There were many other instances like that.


          o ⚓ Spread_the_Word⠀⇛


          o ⚓ Jackie_Mason,_Comedian,_and_“The_Evil_that_Men_[sic]_Do…”⠀⇛


                 Mason was one of many Jewish comedians who cut their
                 teeth in front of audiences at well-known resorts in the
                 Catskills. Almost all the known names in live comedy from
                 the 1940s, 50s, and 60s have comedic roots in places like
                 Grossinger’s and the Concord, to name a few of the resort
                 venues that were lost to time when jet flight became well
                 within the reach of the middle class and middle-class
                 Jews.


                 For the price of a week or two during the summer in the
                 Catskill Mountains, a family or individual could
                 experience culture and historic sites around the world.
                 Despite attempts to keep the lifeblood of the Catskills
                 going, the resorts died one by one and by the 1980s and
                 early 1990s, and the vast majority were gone forever.


          o ⚓ Academentia:_the_Organization_Insanity_of_the_Modern_University⠀⇛


                 The keen observer may be familiar with the term
                 Managerialism. Yet a more recent concept is that of
                 Academentia. The term “Academentia” combines “academia”
                 (post-secondary education) with “dementia” (progressive
                 impairments to memory, thinking and behaviour which
                 negatively impacts on a person’s ability to function). In
                 short, Academentia describes a state of organisational
                 insanity in which academics can no longer function as
                 scholars.


                 Academentia is the outcome of a severe loss of touch with
                 the scholarly reality of universities due to an
                 environment shaped by the ideology of Managerialism and
                 Neoliberalism. Such an often rather toxic environment is
                 run by a university’s very own managerial apparatchiks.
                 This is a hierarchically structured management body with
                 several layers ranging from line managers to CEOs. The
                 latter are still called Vice-Chancellors and university
                 presidents.


          o ⚓ The_Apocalypse_is_Now⠀⇛


                 Yet, modern day society is proving that apocalypse has
                 multiple possible outcomes. In fact, a case can be made
                 that it’s never been closer to reality because it’s
                 already happening here and there.


                 At the turn of the new century Frontline aired a two-hour
                 PBS Special, APOCALYPSE! The program traced the evolution
                 of apocalyptic belief from its origin within the Jewish
                 experience after Babylonian exile, to modern times.
                 Historians and biblical scholars were interviewed to
                 discuss the concept of End Times and doomsday in order to
                 elucidate the ideas of mass destruction and how those
                 ideas shape the cultural world. Indeed, the concept of
                 apocalypse has influenced civilization in a multitude of
                 ways for over 2,000 years.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Strong_Scientific_Integrity_Policies_Can_Protect
                  America’s_Most_Underserved_Communities⠀⇛


                       Science is at the heart of all our public health
                       and environmental laws in the United States.
                       Therefore, if we are serious about supporting the
                       rights of underserved communities to live, work,
                       and play in an environment free of pollution and
                       other hazards, we must also advocate for strong
                       scientific integrity policies at federal agencies.


          o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾


                # ⚓ Family_Farm_Action_Alliance_Releases_Report_to_‘Counter_Big
                  Ag’s_Deception’⠀⇛


                       In an effort to inform policymakers, advocates, and
                       the public about the impacts of agrifood
                       corporations on the U.S. food system and build
                       support for transforming the nation’s agricultural
                       practices, the Family Farm Action Alliance released
                       a new report on Wednesday that details how Big Ag’s
                       survival depends on externalizing costs and
                       perpetuating myths about the supposed lack of more
                       just and sustainable alternatives.


                       “If we come together to make different choices, we
                       can have a competitive and democratized system that
                       serves the needs of all Americans.”—Emily Miller,
                       Family Farm Action Alliance


                # ⚓ As_Delta_Wreaks_Havoc,_Biden_Faces_Growing_Pressure_to
                  Force_Big_Pharma_to_Share_Vaccine_Recipes⠀⇛


                       With a proposed patent waiver for coronavirus
                       vaccines still mired in fruitless talks at the
                       World Trade Organization, U.S. President Biden is
                       facing growing calls to use his legal authority to
                       force pharmaceutical giants to share their vaccine
                       recipes as governments around the world race to
                       combat the fast-spreading Delta variant.


                       “The U.S. government has power to share vaccine
                       manufacturing knowledge and help other countries
                       scale up production.”—Peter Maybarduk, Public
                       Citizen


                # ⚓ New_York’s_Mental_Health_Response_Pilot_Program_More
                  Responsive,_Less_Likely_To_End_In_Hospitalization_Than
                  Sending_Out_Cops⠀⇛


                       Earlier this year, the city of New York announced
                       plans to send mental health professionals out to
                       deal with mental health issues, rather than the
                       standard-issue cops-and-EMS response teams. It’s an
                       idea that’s gained recent popularity, given the
                       difficulty law enforcement officers seem to have
                       when dealing with things they’re not specifically
                       trained to handle. And by “difficulty,” I mean a
                       lot of people who need professional help were
                       instead being “treated” with force deployment,
                       arrests, and the far-more-than-occasional killing.


                # ⚓ Physicians_Group_Documents_‘Severe’_Health_and_Human_Rights
                  Impacts_of_US_Expulsion_Policy⠀⇛


                       A detailed investigation released Wednesday by
                       Physicians for Human Rights documents the
                       “profound” physical and mental health harms that a
                       U.S. expulsion policy has inflicted on asylum-
                       seeking adults and children, thousands of whom have
                       been forcibly removed in recent months under a
                       Trump-era order that the Biden administration has
                       left largely intact.


                       “U.S. policy is ensnaring people in a deadly
                       dilemma, where they are unsafe in their home
                       country, unsafe in Mexico, and yet unable to seek
                       safety at the U.S. border.”—Michele Heisler,
                       Physicians for Human Rights


          o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾


                # § Proprietary⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Vivaldi_4.1_Offers_a_New_Command_Chains_System_and
                        Accordion_Tabs⠀⇛


                             Vivaldi 4.1 comes with a range of
                             improvements and fixes that will help you
                             save time and get more out of your browsing.


                             Vivaldi comes from the same team that
                             developed Opera back in the day. It is
                             intended for power users and provides an
                             impressive level of control over the
                             interface. Vivaldi is one of the lesser-known
                             browsers, but it is actually a really good
                             choice if you value customization and privacy
                             above all else.


                      # § Security⠀➾


                            # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                                  # ⚓ Should_Congress_Close_the_FBI’s_Backdoor
                                    for_Spying_on_American_Communications?
                                    Yes.⠀⇛


                                         This week, Congress will vote on
                                         the Commerce, Justice, Science
                                         and Related Agencies
                                         Appropriations bill (H.R. 4505).
                                         Among many other things, this
                                         bill contains all the funding for
                                         the Department of Justice for
                                         Fiscal Year 2022 along with
                                         certain restrictions on how the
                                         DOJ is allowed to spend taxpayer
                                         funds. Reps. Lofgren, Massie,
                                         Jayapal, and Davidson have
                                         offered an amendment to the bill
                                         that would prohibit the use of
                                         taxpayer funds to conduct
                                         warrantless wiretapping of US
                                         Persons conducted under Section
                                         702 of the FISA Amendments Act.
                                         We strongly support this
                                         Amendment.


                                         Section 702 of the Foreign
                                         Intelligence Surveillance Act
                                         (FISA) requires tech and
                                         telecommunications companies to
                                         provide the U.S. government with
                                         access to emails and other
                                         communications to aid in national
                                         security
                                         investigations–ostensibly when
                                         U.S. persons are in communication
                                         with foreign surveillance targets
                                         abroad or wholly foreign
                                         communications transit the U.S.
                                         But in this wide-sweeping dragnet
                                         approach to intelligence
                                         collection, companies allows
                                         government access and collection
                                         of a large amount of “incidental”
                                         communications–that is millions
                                         of untargeted communications of
                                         U.S. persons that are swept up
                                         with the intended data. Once it
                                         is collected, the FBI currently
                                         can bypass the 4th Amendment
                                         requirement of a warrant and sift
                                         through these “incidental” non-
                                         targeted communications of
                                         Americans — effectively using
                                         Section 702 as a “backdoor”
                                         around the constitution. They’ve
                                         been told by the FISA Court this
                                         violates Americans’ Fourth
                                         Amendment rights but it has not
                                         seemed to stop them and,
                                         frustratingly, the FISA Court has
                                         failed to take steps to ensure
                                         that they stop.


                                         This amendment would not only
                                         forbid the DOJ from doing this
                                         activity, it would also send a
                                         powerful signal to the
                                         intelligence agency that Congress
                                         is serious about reform.


                                  # ⚓ Governments_Accused_Of_Spying_On
                                    Journalists_And_Activists_With_NSO_Group
                                    Malware_Are_Now_Suing_Journalists_And
                                    Activists⠀⇛


                                         I don’t think anyone foresaw the
                                         immense amount of fallout that
                                         would result from the revelation
                                         that Israeli malware purveyor NSO
                                         Group’s Pegasus software is being
                                         used to target phones belonging
                                         to journalists, activists,
                                         religious leaders, and high-
                                         ranking government officials.
                                         After all, some of this was
                                         already common knowledge, thanks
                                         to investigations by Citizen Lab
                                         and others delving into the inner
                                         workings of this powerful
                                         spyware.


                                  # ⚓ Nest_Outage_Takes_Out_Most_Services_
                                    (Updated)⠀⇛


                                         Yep, there is a Nest outage going
                                         on and it affects a lot of their
                                         products and services.


                                         At the time of this post, logins,
                                         setup & pairing, Nest Apps, the
                                         Nest Thermostat, Nest Protect,
                                         and Nest Cam live video and
                                         history, are all listed as being
                                         down. Nest says they are
                                         investigating.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Exclusive:_Haitians_Reject_Calls_For_US_Military
                  Intervention⠀⇛


                       Two weeks after the assassination of Haitian
                       President Jovenel Moïse, the specter of U.S.
                       military intervention looms large over the island
                       nation. While the Biden administration has rebuffed
                       a request for intervention made by Claude Joseph –
                       a longtime NED asset whom Washington briefly backed
                       as prime minister in the immediate aftermath of the
                       killing – it has not completely ruled out the
                       possibility. 


                # ⚓ “To_Hell_and_Back”:_At_Jan._6_Hearing,_Officers_Describe
                  Facing_Brutal_Attacks_&_Racial_Slurs⠀⇛


                       We speak with Derrick Johnson, president and CEO of
                       the NAACP, about emotional testimony from four
                       police officers who were attacked by violent and
                       racist Trump supporters while defending the
                       Capitol. At the opening of the House select
                       committee hearing on the January 6 insurrection,
                       the officers described facing down the rioters,
                       being beaten with fists and makeshift weapons, as
                       well as being called racial slurs and accused of
                       treason by the pro-Trump crowds. “The fact that you
                       had law enforcement officers from all backgrounds
                       and walks of life who were being … treated in that
                       manner is another example of white supremacy,” says
                       Johnson.


                # ⚓ Making_War_Obsolete⠀⇛


                       Why have we not abolished war? The late Gene Sharp
                       of the Albert Einstein Institute said it is because
                       people see a need to defend themselves from foreign
                       occupations, coup d’états and/or dictatorial
                       regimes, and we do not know there is another way.
                       The mythology of conventional history as told by
                       the dominators rules our minds. Sharp spent his
                       whole life trying to educate and convince people
                       that there is a more effective way to solve
                       inevitable political conflicts. There is a
                       practical nonviolent substitute for war and violent
                       revolution.


                       Civilian-based defense is the idea that a carefully
                       prepared program where an educated and trained
                       citizenry could defend a country using tactics like
                       mass demonstrations, strikes of all kinds and
                       economic shutdowns. Boycotts, mass stay-at-home
                       campaigns, tax refusal and other means of
                       nonviolent resistance are only effective if done by
                       very large numbers—in which there is both safety
                       and power.


                # ⚓ Jim_Jordan_Admits_on_Fox_News_That_He_Spoke_to_Trump_on
                  January_6⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Democrats_Are_Sticking_to_Trump’s_Cuba_Policies⠀⇛


                       This week, House Democratic leadership killed an
                       attempt to end aspects of former President Donald
                       Trump’s punitive Cuba policies, which have led to
                       severe food and medical shortages during the
                       pandemic. As President Joe Biden doubles down on
                       Trump’s approach, some progressives have been
                       demanding an end to the US stranglehold on Cuba’s
                       economy and trying to find ways to push for relief.


                # ⚓ Republican_Reaction_to_1/6_Hearing_Was_an_Explosion_of
                  Denial⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Report_from_Maine:_End_the_US_Blockade_Against_Cuba_Now!⠀⇛


                       Justice-seeking peoples in the United States have
                       joined in struggle to defend Cuban independence
                       and/or Cuba’s revolution. This report from Maine
                       takes note of two rainy day rallies on July 25,
                       each of 25 or so people and each one held in
                       protest of the U.S. blockade of Cuba. One was in
                       Bangor, the other in Brunswick.


                       These protesters and other Maine people know that
                       the blockade is purposed to overthrow Cuba’s
                       socialist government.  The author of a 1960 State
                       Department memo – born in Houlton, Maine – made
                       that perfectly clear.


                # ⚓ America_Isn’t_‘Back.’_Here’s_Why.⠀⇛


                       It was all so long ago, in a world seemingly
                       without challengers. Do you even remember when we
                       Americans lived on a planet with a recumbent
                       Russia, a barely rising China, and no obvious foes
                       except what later came to be known as an “axis of
                       evil,” three countries then incapable of
                       endangering this one? Oh, and, as it turned out, a
                       rich young Saudi former ally, Osama bin Laden, and
                       19 hijackers, mostly of them also Saudis, from a
                       tiny group called Al Qaeda that briefly possessed
                       an “air force” of four commercial jets. No wonder
                       this country was then touted as the greatest force,
                       the superest superpower ever, sporting a military
                       that left all others in the dust.


                # ⚓ Drone_Whistleblower_Gets_45_Months_in_Prison_for_Revealing
                  Ongoing_US_War_Crimes⠀⇛


                # ⚓ At_ALEC’s_Annual_Meeting,_MAGA_Hat-Wearing_Members_Pursue
                  “America_First_Agenda”⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_ALEC_Inspires_Lawmakers_to_File_Anti-Critical
                  Race_Theory_Bills⠀⇛


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Irish_Broadcaster_RTÉ_Apologises_for_Poor_Climate
                  Coverage⠀⇛


                       Ireland’s national broadcaster has publicly
                       apologised for failing to link recent extreme
                       weather events to climate change, pledging to set
                       up a dedicated climate reporting unit in the run-up
                       to COP26.


                       In an unusual move, RTÉ’s Managing Director of News
                       and Current Affairs Jon Williams tweeted that the
                       broadcaster had been wrong not to make the
                       connection clear, calling it a “sin of omission”
                       and insisting that the “lesson” had been “learned”.


                       Stay up to date with DeSmog news and alerts


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Biden’s_Climate_Pledges_Are_Incompatible_With_His
                  Belligerence_Toward_China⠀⇛


                       The Biden administration came into office promising
                       a return to both climate action and diplomacy after
                       years of confrontation and denialism under Trump.
                       But when it comes to China, unfortunately, the
                       administration has endangered both diplomacy and
                       climate action by presiding over a reflexive
                       bipartisan belligerence.


                # ⚓ Planet’s_Vital_Signs_Are_Reaching_Dangerous_‘Tipping
                  Points’_Amid_Climate_Crisis,_Scientists_Warn⠀⇛


                       More than a year after the Covid-19 pandemic shut
                       down economies around the world and sharply reduced
                       worldwide travel—sparking speculation among some
                       that emissions would plummet as a result—a
                       coalition of scientists said in a paper published
                       Wednesday that the planet is nonetheless reaching
                       multiple “tipping points,” with levels of sea ice
                       melt, deforestation, and other markers revealing
                       that urgent action is needed to mitigate the
                       climate emergency.


                       “The extreme climate events and patterns that we’ve
                       witnessed over the last several years — not to
                       mention the last several weeks — highlight the
                       heightened urgency with which we must address the
                       climate crisis,” said Philip Duffy, co-author of
                       the study and executive director of the Woodwell
                       Climate Research Center in Massachusetts.


                # § Energy⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Washington_County’s_New_Rules_Against_Fossil_Fuel
                        Expansion_Celebrated_as_‘Blueprint’_for_Nation⠀⇛


                             In a move that comes as wildfires ravage the
                             Western United States and could serve as a
                             model for communities nationwide, the Whatcom
                             County Council in Washington voted
                             unanimously on Tuesday night to approve new
                             policies aimed at halting local fossil fuel
                             expansion.


                             “Whatcom County’s policy is a blueprint that
                             any community, including refinery
                             communities, can use to take action to stop
                             fossil fuel expansion.”—Matt Krogh,
                             Stand.earth


                      # ⚓ Alabama_Miners_Take_Strike_to_BlackRock’s_NYC
                        Headquarters⠀⇛


                             Chanting “Warrior Met has no soul—no
                             contract, no coal,” over 1,000 United Mine
                             Workers of America members and their allies
                             picketed outside multinational asset
                             management firm BlackRock’s headquarters in
                             New York City Wednesday to demand better pay
                             and benefits.


                             Miners and labor activists from states
                             including New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, South
                             Dakota, and West Virginia joined the picket
                             lines in a show of solidarity with UMWA
                             workers at Alabama’s Brookwood Mine, operated
                             by Warrior Met Coal, of which BlackRock is
                             the largest shareholder. The Alabama miners
                             have been on strike for over four months as
                             they seek a new collective bargaining
                             agreement with Warrior Met.


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Too_Little,_Too_Late,_Too_Bad:_the_Existential_Crisis
                        of_Montana’s_Trout_Streams⠀⇛


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ How_the_US_Taxpayer_Funded_“Privatized”_Space_Flights⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Do_Republicans_Distrust_the_IRS_in_the_Same_Way_Bank
                  Robbers_Distrust_the_Cops?⠀⇛


                       In addition to complaints about forcing people to
                       pay the taxes required under the law, the piece
                       also tells people:


                       “For conservative activists, who have harbored
                       enmity toward the I.R.S. for more than a decade,
                       the agency is considered a threat that is beyond
                       reclamation.”


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Moving_From_Neglect_to_Dignity_in_the_S.S.I.
                  Program⠀⇛


                       What program within our Social Security system that
                       serves the most vulnerable disabled and elderly has
                       received half a century of neglect from both
                       parties and whoever has occupied the White House?


                # ⚓ The_International_the_Struggle_Against_Anti-Democratic
                  Corporate_Trade_Rules⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Sinema_Slammed_for_Opposing_$3.5T_Bill:_“We_Didn’t_Elect
                  Sinema_as_President”⠀⇛


                # ⚓ As_Bipartisan_Infrastructure_Deal_Reached,_Sinema_Comes_Out
                  Against_$3.5_Trillion_Package⠀⇛


                       Ahead of an imminent vote in the Senate on moving
                       forward with a bipartisan infrastructure plan, Sen.
                       Kyrsten Sinema on Wednesday announced her
                       opposition to a proposed $3.5 trillion
                       reconciliation package—potentially jeopardizing
                       both efforts.


                       “Kyrsten Sinema could single-handedly prevent any
                       infrastructure investment.”—Matt Fuller, The Daily
                       Beast


                # ⚓ Formerly_Homeless_Rep._Cori_Bush_Introduces_Unhoused_Bill
                  of_Rights⠀⇛


                       Housing advocates and experts on Wednesday
                       applauded Rep. Cori Bush following her introduction
                       of an Unhoused Bill of Rights, a resolution aimed
                       at ending the U.S. homelessness crisis by 2025.


                       “The unhoused crisis in our country is a public
                       health emergency, and a moral and policy failure at
                       every level of our government.”—Rep. Cori Bush


                # ⚓ Grassroots_Fight_for_$15_Movement_Has_Won_$150_Billion_in
                  Raises_for_Millions_of_Workers,_Study_Shows⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The_Scion⠀⇛


                       In the past year, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo
                       has gone from being a national media darling and
                       fantasy presidential contender to a forlorn,
                       scandal-plagued figure, walking the executive
                       grounds enrobed in a blanket. Before the pandemic,
                       most politically engaged New Yorkers knew Cuomo as
                       a bully and a tyrant—traits despised by some and
                       quietly admired by others. But in the depths of the
                       Covid-19 crisis, when New Yorkers were dying by the
                       thousands, their bodies consigned to freezer trucks
                       in temporary morgues, media outlets crowned him the
                       country’s no-nonsense hero. His younger brother,
                       CNN anchor Chris Cuomo, declared on the air what
                       many Democrats had come to believe at the time:
                       that Andrew Cuomo was “the best politician in the
                       country.”1


                # ⚓ Warren,_Schumer_&_Pressley_Urge_Biden:_Pause_Student_Loan
                  Payments_Until_March⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The_Number_of_People_With_IRAs_Worth_$5_Million_or_More_Has
                  Tripled,_Congress_Says⠀⇛


                       The number of multimillion-dollar individual
                       retirement accounts has soared in the past decade,
                       as more wealthy Americans use the tax-advantaged
                       vehicles to shield fortunes from income taxes,
                       according to new data released by Congress today.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ When_Will_Biden_Get_Tough?⠀⇛


                       Biden has been playing Mr. Nice Guy in deference to
                       his friends on the other side of the aisle after 36
                       years in the Senate while those Republican
                       “friends” stampede all over him, making the
                       president look weak and ineffectual. But maybe he’s
                       starting to come around.


                       The president attacked Trump by name at a rally
                       Friday for Virginia gubernatorial candidate Terry
                       McAuliffe, mocking Trump for saying there were
                       “wonderful people” at the Jan. 6 storming of the
                       Capitol, as quoted in the book “I Alone Can Fix
                       It,” by two Washington Post reporters, according to
                       the Post’s coverage of the event.


                # ⚓ Former_Oregon_GOP_Rep._Pleads_Guilty_to_Letting_Violent_Mob
                  Into_State_Capitol⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Senator_Kennedy_Continues_To_Push_My_Buttons_With_His
                  Ridiculously_Dumb_‘Don’t_Push_My_Buttons’_Act⠀⇛


                       Last fall, Senator John Kennedy of Louisiana (a
                       supposedly smart Senator who seems to have decided
                       his political future lies in acting dumber than 95%
                       of all other Senators) introduced an anti-Section
                       230 bill. He’s now done so again in the new
                       Congressional session. The bill is, once again,
                       called the “Don’t Push My Buttons” Act and
                       introducing such a piece of total garbage
                       legislation a second time does not speak well of
                       Senator Kennedy.


                # ⚓ The_GOP’s_Continuing_Descent_into_Opportunistic_Treachery⠀⇛


                       Now much is sliding backwards. It’s not Biden’s
                       fault; it’s Trump’s ongoing legacy.


                # ⚓ Workers_Beg_Joe_Manchin_to_Save_West_Virginia_Pharma_Plant
                  as_His_Daughter_Walks_Away_with_$31M⠀⇛


                       More than 1,400 workers in West Virginia are set to
                       lose their jobs this week when the Viatris
                       pharmaceuticals plant in Morgantown shuts down and
                       moves operations overseas to India and Australia.
                       Workers say they’ve had no response to their urgent
                       requests for help from their Democratic senator,
                       Joe Manchin, who is often called the most powerful
                       man in Washington. Viatris was formed through a
                       merger between two pharmaceutical companies, Mylan
                       and Upjohn. Mylan’s chief executive, Manchin’s
                       daughter Heather Bresch, got a $31 million payout
                       as a result of the corporate consolidation before
                       the new company set about cutting costs, including
                       the closure of the Morgantown plant. Joseph Gouzd,
                       president of United Steelworkers of America Local
                       8-957 and a worker at the plant, says Viatris has
                       given little reason for the closure except to say
                       the company is looking to “maximize the best
                       interests of the shareholders.” We also speak with
                       investigative journalist Katherine Eban, who says
                       moving pharmaceutical production overseas
                       contradicts the recommendations of numerous reports
                       that have found major safety lapses in drug
                       manufacturing abroad, as well as concern from
                       lawmakers about keeping a key industry within the
                       United States. “This is pure insanity,” Eban says.
                       “It seems like it is both pharmaceutical and
                       national security suicide to close this plant.”


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Joe_Biden’s_Relapse_Into_Hallucinations_About_GOP
                  Leaders⠀⇛


                       For a while, President Biden seemed to be
                       recovering from chronic fantasies about Republicans
                       in Congress. But last week he had a relapse—harming
                       prospects for key progressive legislation and
                       reducing the already slim hopes that the GOP can be
                       prevented from winning control of the House and
                       Senate in midterm elections 15 months from now.


                # ⚓ In_Texas,_Poor_People’s_Campaign_Kicks_Off_27-Mile_‘March
                  for_Democracy’⠀⇛


                       In Texas, activists from the Poor People’s
                       Campaign embarked on a four-day, 27-mile “March for
                       Democracy” on Wednesday to demand that Senate
                       Democrats counteract the GOP’s assault on voting
                       rights and the GOP-led assault on low-wage workers
                       by repealing the filibuster and enacting the John
                       Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act, the For the
                       People Act, a $15 federal minimum wage, and
                       protections for undocumented immigrants.


                       “Maybe it is a poetic irony that on the… first day
                       of hearings on the violent insurrection of the U.S.
                       Capitol on January 6, we are beginning a march for
                       democracy,” Rev. Dr. William J. Barber II, co-chair
                       of the Poor People’s Campaign, said at a press
                       conference Tuesday. “Ours is not an insurrection,
                       but a moral resurrection.”


                # ⚓ Republicans_Throw_Tantrums,_Assault_Staff_After_House
                  Doctor_Renews_Mask_Mandate⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Pelosi_Under_Fire_for_Parroting_‘Right-Wing_Lies’_Against
                  Student_Loan_Debt_Cancellation⠀⇛


                       House Speaker Nancy Pelosi was met with swift
                       backlash Wednesday after she claimed that President
                       Joe Biden does not have the authority to cancel
                       federal student loan debt on his own, a position
                       that puts her at odds with legal experts and
                       prominent members of her own party.


                       “You couldn’t have a worse message than this one,
                       both factually untrue and politically
                       suicidal.”—The Debt Collective


                # ⚓ Keir_Starmer_Turning_Against_Social_Democracy_a_la_Tony
                  Blair⠀⇛


                       First, he pledged to adhere to Labour’s 2019
                       election manifesto commitments. These include:


                       These pledges have disappeared from Starmers’s
                       purview.


                # ⚓ Diagnosing_the_Morales_Campaign_Meltdown⠀⇛


                       The complete meltdown of Dianne Morales’s New York
                       City mayoral campaign was like a live-action parody
                       of Tolstoy’s opening line from Anna Karenina:
                       “Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family
                       is unhappy in its own way.”1


                # ⚓ In_New_York_City,_New_Jails_Threaten_Dreams_For_True
                  Community_Spaces_and_Restorative_Architecture⠀⇛


                       In 2019, New York City made the historic pledge to
                       shutter the 89-year-old Rikers Island jail complex
                       by 2026. In the years since, budget restrictions
                       and the pandemic have at once pushed back the
                       proposed timeline and heightened the urgency to
                       address conditions on the island. 


                       Even as the timeline shifts, a highly controversial
                       piece of the plan remains: the creation of four new
                       borough-based jails, intended in-part to replace
                       the city’s existing facilities in Brooklyn,
                       Manhattan, the Bronx, and Queens. These new
                       facilities, which have been billed as “safer,
                       smaller, and fairer,” are presented by New York
                       City Mayor Bill de Blasio’s administration as a
                       departure from Rikers’ notoriously dangerous
                       conditions. 


                # ⚓ ‘The_police_are_knocking’:_Investigative_journalist_Roman
                  Dobrokhotov_taken_in_for_questioning_following_raid_on_his
                  home⠀⇛


                       Roman Dobrokhotov, the editor-in-chief of the
                       investigative outlet The Insider, was reportedly
                       planning to leave Russia on July 28. But at 7:30 in
                       the morning, the police came knocking at his door.
                       Law enforcement raided Dobrokhotov’s apartment,
                       seizing not only his electronic devices but also
                       his international passport. The Insider believes
                       the raid is in connection with a libel case
                       initiated on behalf of Max van der Werff — a Dutch
                       blogger who The Insider has linked to the Russian
                       GRU. Roman Dobrokhotov’s lawyer says the journalist
                       is currently considered a witness in the case. The
                       raid on Dobrokhotov’s home comes less than a week
                       after the Russian Justice Ministry designated The
                       Insider as a “foreign agent.”


          o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾


                # ⚓ Disentangling_Disinformation:_Not_as_Easy_as_it_Looks⠀⇛


                       Disinformation about the vaccines is certainly
                       contributing to their slow uptake in various parts
                       of the U.S. as well as other countries. This
                       disinformation is spreading through a variety of
                       ways: Local communities, family WhatsApp groups,
                       FOX television hosts, and yes, Facebook. The
                       activists pushing for Facebook to remove these
                       “superspreaders” are not wrong: while Facebook does
                       currently ban some COVID-19 mis- and
                       disinformation, urging the company to enforce its
                       own rules more evenly is a tried-and-true tactic.


                       But while disinformation “superspreaders” are easy
                       to identify based on the sheer amount of
                       information they disseminate, tackling
                       disinformation at a systemic level is not an easy
                       task, and some of the policy proposals we’re seeing
                       have us concerned. Here’s why.


                       In the United States, it was only a few decades ago
                       that the medical community deemed homosexuality a
                       mental illness. It took serious activism and
                       societal debate for the medical community to come
                       to an understanding that it was not. Had Facebook
                       been around—and had we allowed it to be arbiter of
                       truth—that debate might not have flourished.


                # ⚓ Has_the_law_finally_caught_up_with_autism_bleach_quack
                  Kerri_Rivera?⠀⇛


                       With all the COVID-19 misinformation and quackery
                       that I’ve been writing about over the last nearly
                       year and a half, I realize that I don’t always
                       cover the usual topics that I’ve covered for nearly
                       17 years to the degree that I am used to (and want
                       to). As wild as the examples of COVID-19
                       misinformation, disinformation, and quackery that
                       I’ve discussed, though, I’m hard pressed to think
                       of an example of a COVID-19 quack as despicable as
                       Kerri Rivera, who was featured several times on
                       this blog (pre-pandemic) for her rather—shall we
                       say?—novel idea that she can treat autism by
                       feeding autistic children bleach. Even worse, her
                       protocol involved bleach enemas, which frequently
                       led to such irritation of the colon that sloughed
                       intestinal lining could be seen in these children’s
                       stools, leading their misguided parents to think
                       that “parasites” were being eliminated.
                       Unsurprisingly, when the pandemic first hit early
                       last year, it took Rivera only a month or so before
                       she was recommending bleach to treat COVID-19.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Opinion_|_Capitol_Attack_Inquiry_Reveals_the_Extraordinary
                  Influence_of_White_Supremacist_Ideology⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Appeals_Court_Denies_Immunity_To_University_Officials_Who
                  Apparently_Banned_A_Christian_Student_Group_Just_Because_They
                  Didn’t_Like_It⠀⇛


                       The administrators of the University of Iowa have
                       just learned a hard (and possibly expensive) lesson
                       about free speech. Of course, as a publicly-funded
                       university, it will be the taxpayers that foot the
                       bill, but hopefully this recent Eighth Circuit
                       Appeals Court decision [PDF] will head off future
                       extractions of tax dollars from people who didn’t
                       violate anyone’s rights.


                # ⚓ Bob_Moses_Embodied_Collective_Struggle_for_Black_Freedom
                  and_Human_Liberation⠀⇛


                # ⚓ NAACP_Head_Derrick_Johnson_Remembers_Bob_Moses_as_Key
                  “Strategist”_of_Civil_Rights_Movement⠀⇛


                       We look at the life and legacy of civil rights icon
                       Bob Moses, who recently died at the age of 86, with
                       NAACP President Derrick Johnson, who formerly
                       headed the NAACP Mississippi State Conference,
                       where Moses served as field secretary for SNCC, the
                       Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, and
                       helped register thousands of voters across the
                       state. “Bob Moses was one of the most profound
                       strategist leaders of the civil rights movement
                       across the country,” says Johnson. “He understood
                       that the local fight had both national and global
                       implications.”


                # ⚓ DOJ_Says_It_Won’t_Defend_Mo_Brooks_as_Inciting_Violence
                  Isn’t_an_Official_Duty⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Michigan_Supreme_Court_Limits_Use_of_Restraints_on
                  Juveniles⠀⇛


                       The Michigan Supreme Court on Wednesday
                       significantly limited when handcuffs, shackles and
                       other restraints can be used on young people when
                       they appear in court.


                       The new court rule, which goes into effect Sept. 1,
                       states that juveniles cannot be put in restraints
                       unless a judge finds it is necessary for one of
                       three reasons: to prevent physical harm to the
                       young person or others; because the juvenile has a
                       history of disruptive courtroom behavior; or there
                       is a strong reason to believe the juvenile will
                       flee the courtroom.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ FCC_Cheered_for_Cleaning_Up_After_Pai_Awarded_Contracts_to
                  Connect_‘Empty_Parking_Lots’⠀⇛


                       The Federal Communications Commission announced
                       Monday a round of funding for new broadband
                       deployments and its intention to “clean up issues”
                       stemming from former chairman Ajit Pai’s
                       mismanagement of a program meant to bring
                       connectivity to rural areas.


                       At issue is the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund.
                       Adopted in 2020, the “program can do great things,
                       but it requires thoughtful oversight,” FCC Acting
                       Chairwoman Jessica Rosenworcel, whom President Joe
                       Biden tapped to lead the agency, said (pdf) in a
                       press statement.


                # ⚓ ISPs_Abuse_FCC_Covid_Broadband_Discount_Program,_Showing
                  It’s_A_Band_Aid_On_A_Much_Bigger_Problem⠀⇛


                # ⚓ EFF_at_30:_Freeing_the_Internet,_with_Net_Neutrality
                  Pioneer_Gigi_Sohn⠀⇛


                       To celebrate 30 years of defending online freedom,
                       EFF held a candid live discussion with net
                       neutrality pioneer and EFF board member Gigi Sohn,
                       who served as Counselor to the Chairman of the
                       Federal Communications Commission and co-founder of
                       leading advocacy organization Public Knowledge.
                       Joining the chat were Senior Legislative Counsel at
                       EFF Ernesto Falcon and Associate Director of Policy
                       and Activism Katharine Trendacosta. You can watch
                       the full conversation here.


                       In my perfect world, everyone’s connected to a
                       future proof, fast, affordable—and open—internet.


                       On July 28, we’ll be holding our final EFF30
                       Fireside Chat—a “Founders Edition.” EFF’s Executive
                       Director, Cindy Cohn will be joined by some of our
                       founders and early board members, Esther Dyson,
                       Mitch Kapor, and John Gilmore, to discuss
                       everything from EFF’s origin story and its role in
                       digital rights to where we are today.


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # ⚓ Devin_Nunes’_Lawyer_Loses_(Again)_On_Blatantly_Silly_RICO
                  Lawsuit_Against_Google_For_‘Anti-Conservative_Bias’_In_Search
                  Results⠀⇛


                       Devin Nunes’ lawyer, Steven Biss has an
                       impressively long track record of losing
                       increasingly silly lawsuits for a variety of
                       clients (beyond just Nunes). Back in January we
                       wrote about a court dismissing a RICO lawsuit
                       brought by “DJ Lincoln Enterprises” against Google,
                       claiming that its search results involved anti-
                       conservative bias. We didn’t even mention that Biss
                       was the lawyer on that case, but he was. And, as is
                       all too typical in Biss cases, he never, ever,
                       gives in, even after a court has made it clear the
                       case is going nowhere. Following the January
                       dismissal, Biss filed an amended complaint, and
                       Google had to ask for it to be dismissed again —
                       and (as you would likely have guessed) the court
                       has quickly and easily dismissed the case.


                # § Copyrights⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Calling_all_creatives:_Grant_for_the_Web’s_Call_for
                        Proposals_Is_Open_Now⠀⇛


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