𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Tuesday, October 12, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Wed 13 Oct 02:40:38 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmZvjyhZs3sJdozDCTLX1fbmAMdwoGgJqcPT97hYdb4eS8 QmP3ZqUhWLtsoNk9e1XZbKMU4hB7Z4XET8rdm3utr2x9y9 QmRJGaosMaTsLMaPkXt42c3eUm2cmGbMQsiWbqwfSj4rFV QmVpm9hDw5gu77p5GNGaG5DU2W7uzy83mFBbqknJREAU3w QmV3rmUZyHKRZr4HLVsZHXH3SyMh5Xz6dwshz5vRFuVMAD QmSoYJzJX4ejm4LRdPXhN6F7YBjLvbCRnrxdhaDSj8iaNC QmbpQyjzfhZNaWnZ1L6GHyRzDA6B5RojnHgAGKGeJKMiyn QmZjNRnDnEWPhNuhKXBvuyovU32qnjESR1UG1T8emS6oy2 QmSjHyfej3iKcBfRyB2EGPkqcfwQ3z51X2Qz89CbQ1D5GX QmRXKRPosZ7Bz2MggcSzikrb6U91AxeDNghC3nQk4eD4fh QmXTYTLpzWBYZ5xwWzbbZJAw6K15tUSpUQPiKiZLEsKUUq QmUeuLZQ99vnV24pVDJ9uvHk32tda8NgQW3EpyMCrA9AuB QmZmZwDEJRgqxWPLUg1yQVpFv4YB6HxbHmBdDJg9X68QK2 QmeLhW4oLVWzxpCUCDkA1dFjjenb5EnMwdtSi35sDbQZgd QmajCNJF85CQYXyosFsER5Yo2XiPM6BUZkHYzeqXkCfiv3 QmScBUgZwyXW8e6VTQ7hn4TPr2dPrqRq4mBq4A6SJD33QU QmNq798z2Jmsd7aRXgNnfjRvXzECKPp7piDVUnWvgsGMmw QmRVquEDfjUxjZohz6NpGuYae1hJY5sYhcGTzygC15t1qe QmS8QHtXh2RotXbWpZsvGPyWGq3WgJPQrsFc5JaTmqKcxD QmYzF6VmHg31fxPQwnB9o6yJM36EqoqsYXvNMqVE941LM6 QmXCdRHxnSMKmGrnRzrnSPCDWQmdjzEejArfYqZsaBy35Z ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Developer of the “Better” App, Which Provides a Content Blocker for Safari, Considers Quitting Due to Apple’s Plans to Invade Users’ Privacy With “CSAM” Scanner. | Techrights ⦿ Citation/Atlas ’Security’ Exam is a Total Farce, But It’s Still Good for Entertainment Purposes | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Monday, October 11, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ A Tale of Two KDE Distributions: Kubuntu 21.10 and Debian 11 GNU/Linux | Techrights ⦿ Mozilla Firefox Takes Another Step in the Direction of Being Malware With “Firefox Suggest” | Techrights ⦿ The EPO’s Overseer/Overseen Collusion — Part X: Introducing the Controversial Christian Bock | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] [Teaser] Swiss Rumbustious Alpha-Rambos | Techrights ⦿ Unqualified Managers and Demoralising Leadership in Switzerland (Like in EPO) | Techrights ⦿ Firefox 93 Disables Triple DES and Doesn’t Mention NSA Backdoors. Windows 11 Continues Degrading VPNs With It If They Use the Native APIs. | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/apple-csam-scanner/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/citation-fake-security/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/irc-log-111021/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/kubuntu-21-10-vs-debian-11/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/mozilla-firefox-became-spyware/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/swiss-christian-bock/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/swiss-rambos/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/switzerland-christian-bock/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/windows-nsa/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/jorg-schilling-passes-away/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/kdenlive-21-08-2/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 72 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/apple-csam-scanner/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/apple-csam-scanner/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Developer_of_the_“Better”_App,_Which_Provides_a_Content_Blocker_for_Safari, Considers_Quitting_Due_to_Apple’s_Plans_to_Invade_Users’_Privacy_With_“CSAM” Scanner.⠀✐ Posted in Apple at 6:33 am by Guest Editorial Team Guest post by Ryan, reprinted with permission from the_original Summary: The developer of the Better app may quit and remove the app from the Apple store due to Apple’s privacy violations. In a bug report regarding potentially switching to Better’s content blocker for GNOME Web, the maintainer of Better says that he and the co-maintainer, his wife, are_considering_getting_out_of_the_Apple_app_development_business entirely. He blames Apple’s plans to invade the device with “client side scanning”, which Apple claims will detect child pornography stored on iPhones, Macs, and iPad tablets. While Apple claims that is what it will do, it will really enable massive government surveillance and will lead to regimes like the Communist Party of China and various Islamic theocracies rounding up and murdering people for everything ranging from being a hated minority (gay, Uyghurs, etc.) to wanting democratic government. Apple already goes to lengths _beyond_ what is legally required in order to do business in China now. For example, you can’t have your Apple merchandise engraved with numbers that correspond to the date of the Tienanmen Square Massacre, even though there’s no legal requirement to prevent them from etching those numbers onto a product. It was also just two years ago that Applealso_proactively_removed_a_song_about the_massacre_from_the_Apple_Music_disservice. The sources I read say it didn’t happen in Hong Kong SAR, but it probably has by now. There’s hardly a difference since the so-called “National Security Law” was foisted on them and people began disappearing. The Communist Party of China tramples over individual rights and freedoms. It’s what they do. Apple assists them. If you think anything good will come out of “client side device scanning”, I’ll sell you the Brooklyn Bridge for two dollars. And they realize that while the United States conducts “freedom of navigation” exercises in the South China Sea, they can conquer us without firing a shot by putting us in horrible debt to them and buying up American property and companies, and using their money to corrupt universities. In fact, in Lake County, Illinois, I stopped calling the community college the Colleges of Lake County and started calling them the Communists of Lake County. There is so much Chinese propaganda going on in there, you wouldn’t believe me if I laid out the full extent of it for you. They paint a very rosy picture of China when what’s actually going on in there is quite horrible and sad, and people are choking on pollution and disappeared by secret police (murdered?), and are too afraid to even speak about it. In the mean time, CLC is pitching an international study program like it was a trip to paradise! “Usually with Apple’s tracking and advertising libraries, but often with Google’s as well, and of course Google pays to be the default search engine on iPhones, and hardly anyone changes that.”While I applaud Aral Balkan for seeing through the Apple privacy bullshit and leaning towards removing his apps to cease paying them 30% of his app revenues to inflict this abuse on their customers, many developers frankly don’t give a damn and would never inconvenience themselves in such a manner. In fact, most_Apple_apps_spy_on_the_user_to_the_same_extent_that_most_Android apps_out_of_the_Play_Store_do. The author knows this because they’re the ones who put the tracking libraries inside the app! Usually with Apple’s tracking and advertising libraries, but often with Google’s as well, and of course Google pays to be the default search engine on iPhones, and hardly anyone changes that. The marketing of “privacy” to users with later versions of iOS serves mainly to try to make it less convenient for other companies to spy on you without using Apple’s tracking garbage, and to position Apple to be the only ad network that iOS developers would want to use. Richard Stallman mentioned that iPhones (and iOS) are worse than Android, because they do every nasty thing Android does, and then stop you from even considering installing Free and Open Source Software from a repo like F-Droid. He suggested a good name for a hypothetical such store, though. F-Apple. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 191 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/citation-fake-security/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/citation-fake-security/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Citation/Atlas_‘Security’_Exam_is_a_Total_Farce,_But_It’s_Still_Good_for Entertainment_Purposes⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Microsoft, Security, Windows at 7:38 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Summary: What are people being taught about so-called ‘security’? Might that explain so many security breaches? (Poor training, wrong assumptions) OVER the years I saw criticisms of school or classroom indoctrination about copyrights. They’re basically teaching/pushing a bunch of lies to young children in an effort to “educate” them about “copyright law” (sounds reasonable on the surface… until one actually checks what these pupils are being told). “It’s supposed to sound sophisticated, but the net gain for security is laughable.”For ISO compliance purposes, sometimes I’m required to take and pass some online “training” courses. Some of these are ridiculously bad, so I end up taking screenshots. This post is about fake_security mindset — a concept_explained_here_several times_earlier_this_year. It’s supposed to sound sophisticated, but the net gain for security is laughable. Complexity does not beget security (usually the opposite is true; simplicity is auditable). Basically, it boils down to what’s sometimes known as "security_theatre", owing to a ‘fake security’ cargo cult of “phones” or “apps” and “clown computing” (i.e. giving all your access credentials to some other company, along with highly sensitive data). During my latest “training” I stumbled upon about 40 examples of amusing errors and silliness (it’s all over the place, sometimes with repetition for extra effect or ‘good’ measure), but to keep things more concise and digestable I took screenshots and annotated them a little, just as I did last year with edX [1, 2], in effect shilling for the Linux_Foundation in the guise of “training”. Where does one draw the line between courses and marketing, revisionism, and even outright lies? “Basically, it boils down to what’s sometimes known as “security theatre”, owing to a ‘fake security’ cargo cult of “phones” or “apps” and “clown computing” (i.e. giving all your access credentials to some other company, along with highly sensitive data).”Below I present just a small sample. Almost at random I narrowed it down to just a dozen rather unique examples (there are many more similar instances of these). Surely, a more exhaustive list would take a lot of time to prepare while the clock is running. At the end, one is required to lie or say what they expect you to say in order to pass the test (which I did). To be fair, the questions aren’t as terrible as the supposed ‘training’, as they don’t mention brand names there or promote outrageous fallacies. Without further ado, let’s begin. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Does_that_mean_what_they_think_it_means?_Yes!_They_can! Like,_every_person?_If_you_already_labeled_them_that,_what_does_that_mean? 'Good'_ones?⦈_ It doesn’t take a genius to see what’s happening here and why it’s shallow. Infantile questions like, ARE CRIMINALS A THREAT? It’s like a colouring book quiz with heroes and villains. They present actual adults with such questions. We’ll come back to it later when it comes to “exam time”. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇They_don't_need_to_target_you,_they_can_target_the_software you_use,_e.g._Microsoft_Windows⦈_ Notice how, just like Microsoft, they’re looking to blame computer users or “criminals” (or some nations like China or Russia). Anything to divert liability away from rogue software companies that write shoddy code, hide the defects, and code back doors for the NSA et al. Let’s move on. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Apple_or_Microsoft⦈_ Wait, I’m confused. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇You_mean_Microsoft⦈_ As if it’s the user’s fault that Microsoft cannot secure its own systems… 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Surveillance_devices_with_back_doors_are_some_of_the_least secure_ways_to_maintain_access_to_things⦈_ Yes, let’s all use ‘phones’ to manage critical servers… with “apps”. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Back_doors_of_vendors_and_governments_not_even_mentioned⦈_ Missing part? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇With_back-doored_encryption_of_the_aforementioned_brands?⦈_ No mention of “weakened” (i.e. fake) encryption. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Microsoft_promotion_(niche_player)⦈_ Why are they ignoring bigger players like Facebook and Twitter? Brand promoting? Wait, there’s more right after that… 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇What_if_I_don't_use_(back-doored)_Windows?⦈_ It’s 2021 and they still think everyone uses Windows. Guess what… Windows market_share_is_less_than_a_third. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇But_should_I_use_Windows_at_all?⦈_ Windows again. OK, questions time. First in the test: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_simplistic_children's_villain_narrative⦈_ So let me guess… “criminals” are the threat. Who would have guessed? Did I learn something from this course? Absolutely nothing. But I got some giggles. Many millions of people are constantly subjected to this kind of propaganda, which sometimes seems more like marketing than actual education. █ ⣟⣛⣻⣻⣻⣻⣻⣛⣛⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⡹⡉⣻⠛⣿⠛⢛⢛⣿⠋⡻⢛⣿⢻⡛⢛⢛⣟⠟⡟⣯⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠠⣁⠰⢆⣶⢰⠠⣖⢴⠂⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣟⣻⡟⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⢩⡍⡉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢩⢭⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡙⡙⡁⡛⠛⣻⠙⠛⢛⠛⠛⢛⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡔⢻⣿⣾⣿⣤⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣂⣦⣤⣤⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠝⠛⠛⠻⠟⠛⠙⠛⡏⡛⣛⠏⠛⠋⢙⠛⢻⢛⢟⢿⣿⢟⡙⡿⡛⡟⠋⣟⣛⢟⡋⢿⡛⠛⠛⢻⠙⠟⠛⠹⡟⣿⡿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⣻⢻⢹⠛⢛⢟⠋⠋⠛⠛⠋⡟⠛⠛⡟⡛⡻⠛⠋⢛⣻⣿⣿⢿⡟⡻⠛⡏⠛⡟⢛⣻⢻⣿⠏⣟⡛⡛⠻⣟⢙⡛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣟⣻⢛⠟⠙⣿⢻⢿⢿⠛⡛⢻⠛⣟⢛⠛⡛⡿⡟⢓⡛⡟⠙⠛⠛⡟⡛⢛⢿⠙⠓⠙⢻⣿⣻⣻⠛⣟⡺⢻⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⡻⡟⢙⠛⡟⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⡟⠛⠋⠛⢻⠛⢹⠛⢻⠛⠚⠛⡟⠛⡿⠛⠛⣻⢻⣹⢛⠟⡟⠛⡟⡿⠛⠛⢛⠛⢻⠛⠛⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠛⢛⡛⠋⠛⠛⢻⠿⢻⢿⠟⠛⢻⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣤⣄⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢰⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⢿⠀⣿⡿⠀⠀⢨⣥⠀⢸⣿⣿⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠾⠄⣿⣗⠀⠀⣿⡟⣧⣸⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠁⠀⢘⣛⠁⠉⣽⣿⣿⣏⣻⣏⣛⣛⣿⣟⣓⣛⣟⣯⠻⣟⣩⣟⣿⣟⣛⣛⣟⣩⣿⣉⣟⣻⣛⣏⣿⣝⣏⣛⣛⣯⣉⣿⡟⣽⣛⣟⣛⣿⣟⣛⣋⣺⣉⣿⣿⣏⣽⡿⠻⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣲⠿⢿⣿⣄⣀⣽⣏⣀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⣛⣛⣛⢟⣛⣿⢛⣟⢿⣟⣟⣿⣭⡻⣯⣿⣟⣿⣟⠿⡻⣿⢿⡛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⢀⡄⠀⠠⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡤⠭⠉⢁⣻⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⣷⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠬⠀⡾⠛⠁⢁⠀⠀⠿⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣗⣂⣈⣯⣏⣩⣉⣁⣇⣝⣯⣋⣭⣁⣨⣉⣉⣽⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⡄⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⢠⠀⢀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣰⣠⣢⣌⣠⣯⣂⣕⣸⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠃⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠇⠀⠀⠻⠸⠘⠣⠘⠃⠘⠘⠘⠂⠁⠘⠊⠘⠘⠛⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣘⠿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣌⣠⣤⣼⣿⣇⣦⣥⣬⡄⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀ ⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠄⠔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⠀ ⣿⣷⣷⣤⣿⣿⣶⣟⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢿⣯⣿⣽⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⠟⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⡿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⠀⠾⠟⠁⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⣻⣿⣿⣻⣯⣠⣹⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠉⢿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⠀⢰⡏⠈⣷⡄⠀⢀⣾⡿⠹⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣧⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⠟⠁⠻⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢋⣵⡾⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣬⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣏⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⢉⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⣵⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢠⣿⡿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠟⠻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠔⠄⠀⠠⠀⠔⠲⠖⠆⠔⠄⠐⠂⠚⠒⠆⠦⠴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠠⢠⠀⢠⢀⣀⡀⢄⠠⢀⢀⡀⠄⠄⠀⡀⣠⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⡄⢠⠀⠀⠀⠄⠄⠀⢀⣀⢀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢠⡠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢀⢀⢠⢀⠀⢄⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⡀⣀⣀⡀⡀⣀⡀⠀⡀⣀⢀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⢀⢠⢠⡄⣀⠀⡀⠀⢄⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢀⡄⣄⡀⢀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣁⣀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣙⣻⣿⣛⣀⡀ ⠀⢠⠄⣶⡀⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠄⠤⠄⠀⠐⠶⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣡⣌⣐⣂⣢⣂⣇⣸⣠⣀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⠻⢛⢛⠟⡛⠻⢟⡛⡋⢟⢻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡿⠿⠿⡟⢿⡿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠻⡿⠿⡟⠿⢿⢿⠿⡿⣿⣿⡟⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⢿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠉⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾ ⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠚⠛ ⠀⠀⠂⠛⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⠤⠬⠬⠤⠤⠤⠬⠤⠥⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠄⠄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡟⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡟⡯⡿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣟⡟⡿⣿⢿⢿⢻⢻⣻⢿⣻⣿⣿⢿⢻⢻⢻⢿⣟⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢻⢻⣿⢻⢿⢻⣻⣿⡟⡿⡟⡟⡟⣿⣻⡻⢻⡟⡟⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣃⣾⣴⣷⣷⣷⣾⣾⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠴⢩⢹⠩⢩⡝⣹⠭⡃⠅⡫⢽⢩⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣟⠟⣻⣻⣿⣟⡿⣿⢟⢻⡿⢟⣿⣿⡿⣟⡿⣿⢿⣿⢻⡻⣿⡻⠟⢿⠟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⣶⣴⣼⣼⣴⠆⣼⣠⣧⣧⣧⣼⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣻⣿⣀⣷⣎⣧⣷⣯⣿⣿⣷⣯⣈⣸⣸⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣽⣃⣎⣧⣯⣯⣷⣟⣟⣿⣿⣉⣃⣯⣷⣿⣟⣷⣯⣏⣻⣿⣽⣾⣿⣽⣻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣻⣿⣏⢹⣹⣻⣻⢿⡿⡿⣍⡉⢹⣿⣿⢿⣿⣫⢛⣉⠝⣯⡟⣟⡯⣿⣿⣉⠉⣯⡛⡟⡯⣟⡯⣿⢻⣿⠛⡝⡟⣯⣟⡿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣽⣾⣻⣽⣳⣤⣿⣿⣽⣽⣻⣿⣽⣏⣹⣶⣼⣸⣿⣿⣽⣳⣤⣉⣦⣏⣯⣯⣟⣿⣿⣿⣤⣂⣧⣷⣿⣷⣟⣯⣿⣉⣿⣯⣿⣯⣷⣟⣯⣟⣆⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠷⡄⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣾⣽⣿⣽⣵⣿⣶⣯⣷⣯⣿⣯⣯⣷⣾⣿⣷⣯⣿⣿⣧⣿⣷⣼⣾⣽⣾⣽⣼⣿⣴⣷⣧⣮⣷⣷⣯⣿⣿⣧⣦⣼⣿⣼⣿⣯⣿⣯⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⠈⡁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢤⣐⡠⠕⣒⠴⣄⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡠⢄⣒⡬⢕⣓⠬⠄⠊⠩⢖⣯⠵⡒⡭⠿⠓⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣛⡹⢶⣭⡭⣶⣾⡟⣒⣢⡶⠖⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠈⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⢉⢡⠉⠈⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣙⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠏⠀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣆⡀⣄⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣀⣀⣂⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣇⣥⣧⣦⣴⣬⣤⣦⣽⣬⣤⣤⣥⣴⣿⣿⣾⣶⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⠀⢹⣿⡛⠛⠻⡷⠛⠻⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⠛⢛⠿⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⠪⣭⢽⣩⣭⣭⣭⣺⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⠒⠛⠒⠒⠛⠖⠒⠛⠛⡟⢛⠛⡛⢻⡛⡛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢙⡻⡛⡟⣿⡟⡻⡛⣻⣟⣟⢿⢿⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡛⣛⢛⢻⢉⣛⢻⣍⢍⢙⢟⣿⣟⢛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⢻⠟⠛⠻⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠉⡛⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⢛⡋⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠿⢟⣟⠟⢟⠛⠻⡻⡟⣿⠟⠟⠿⠟⢿⢛⠿⠛⡻⠻⠟⡿⠟⡟⠛⠟⣟⡻⠻⠻⠛⡟⢟⡏⡛⠿⠻⠻⣿⡻⡛⠻⢟⢟⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣦⣶⣦⡶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣦⣧⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡿⢿⡿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠟⡿⠟⢿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢿⡟⠿⢿⠿⠶⠿⠿⠟⠿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡟⣻⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⠿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣟⣈⣰⣉⣂⣏⣨⣐⣰⣀⣇⣈⣁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣾⠷⣿⠾⠷⠿⠿⠲⠿⢾⢿⠾⢳⢷⡿⢶⣾⡗⡶⡷⠿⠖⡿⠿⠷⠿⣾⠶⣿⡷⢿⢿⡷⢿⢾⡿⡷⣷⠷⢿⢿⣷⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠳⠛⢻⢺⡿⡷⡶⠶⢶⠶⠷⠾⢾⠶⢾⠶⠶⠾⡿⠶⡖⠳⠶⠶⠷⢿⢾⡾⢾⠿⡾⡿⡾⣷⠷⠾⠿⢿⢾⠿⡶⡗⠾⠿⠷⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣦⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣿⣼⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣩⣇⣩⣁⣉⣏⣫⣝⣝⣩⣻⣻⣿⣯⣫⣯⣩⣉⣨⣉⣭⣻⣉⣍⣝⣙⣭⣹⣍⣌⣉⣍⣬⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢟⡿⢿⡿⣿⠿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣄⣿⡿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣾⠶⢿⡾⠶⡷⡷⠷⡷⣶⢶⢾⣷⢾⡷⡾⡖⡿⡳⡿⠶⠿⠶⡟⠲⠾⡷⡞⠷⣿⡷⣿⠶⢺⡷⠾⢶⡶⢶⣾⠶⢶⠶⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢹⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠟⠾⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣼⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⣢⣤⣤⣯⣴⣾⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣆⣬⣤⣖⣼⣬⣴⣤⣦⣦⣼⣤⣼⣤⣴⣿⣤⣼⣮⣾⣴⣷⣧⣤⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 595 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/irc-log-111021/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/irc-log-111021/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Monday,_October_11,_2021⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:59 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-techrights- 111021.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-111021.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-social-111021.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-techbytes- 111021.txt Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmPbtGVKDtBa2JsF6iZhnLeiyfbYczG7pGT4MdgTLBwFE2 #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmbtNgtTu9ApJzwuBiNSyf7LgveULBkYUMZTRsKgqbctPa (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as 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═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/kubuntu-21-10-vs-debian-11/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/kubuntu-21-10-vs-debian-11/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ A_Tale_of_Two_KDE_Distributions:_Kubuntu_21.10_and_Debian_11_GNU/Linux⠀✐ Posted in Debian, GNU/Linux, KDE, Ubuntu at 8:25 pm by Guest Editorial Team Guest post by Ryan, reprinted with permission from the_original 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇KDE screenshot⦈ By KDE, GPL. I recently tried out Debian 11 with KDE on my Lenovo Yoga 900 ISK2 laptop. This is my older system and I feel more comfortable playing around with it because it’s not being used that much. Regardless, it allows me to see where things are at in other distributions. While Debian 11 is generally a fine GNOME desktop experience, it’s hardly an ideal one for KDE users with HiDPI displays, because the version that they put in is far too old for the KDE on Wayland session to work properly. While the X11 session probably works fine on lower resolution screens and can remain serviceable for the foreseeable future, both sessions are a complete scaling mess no matter what you do on a HiDPI monitor. So I grabbed a daily build of Kubuntu 21.10 (which is not yet released), and I think it’s shaping up to be a good release so far. Some of that is later improvements to KDE, and the rest is just that Kubuntu’s setup program is more pleasant and even offers to install a “minimal” versionof the desktop so that you can start out with some basic essential software and then add what you want later. This, I think, will be more enticing to people with SSDs, or even more so to people who are trying to go into developer mode on a Chromebook to clobber Chrome OS, but need the OS and their files to fit comfortably on an eMMC drive. One of the downsides of KDE is that it has some applications that almost nobody really uses (Konqueror, Akonadi, KMail…) and which are either badly maintained, use more resources than they’re worth, or just don’t work properly, but the Plasma desktop is generally a fine piece of software. The minimal install provided by Kubuntu, giving the user a relatively clean slate, also gives them a chance to explore oft-overlooked native KDE software, like the Calligra Office suite. LibreOffice is the default office program, and you basically need it if you plan to save any Microsoft files (eww), and has both GTK and Qt bindings, but those are essentially a mask it wears. And it can be a good mask, and it’s not a bad office program, but it’s still a very “cross platform” program, whereas KDE has an official office suite that’s quite good. If you don’t need to _save_ to Microsoft formats, it can, however, import them, and it’s quite pleasant to use. In fact, according to top (although the KDE system monitor now seems to count disk cache as used memory now for some reason), only 637 MB of RAM(excluding the disk cache, which can be evicted if the system runs low) were in use on my laptop with an empty KDE desktop running aside from the terminal. This is easily several hundred MB less than GNOME. So far, the only thing I had to do with the KDE Plasma Desktop on the Yoga 900 ISK2 was configure my touchpad the way I like it and then scale the display to 200%. It even took effect instantly in the Wayland session. Nice! And when I shut the lid and reopened it, Kubuntu 21.10 even remembered that I had a touchpad. (Did I mention that Debian’s KDE on X11 didn’t?) One of the reasons I haven’t taken a serious look at KDE recently (despite being a huge fan of their 3.x series) is because their window manager has been a complete disaster on that laptop with different HiDPI scaling bugs and various levels of completeness. Obviously, it has gotten much better recently, but Debian froze a version of it that just doesn’t work too well for the screen in that particular laptop. Mine is a special case (and an evil laugh). Other than the odd PC and some Macs, not many computers have these screens (and most people are better off spending their money on a better processor, more memory, nicer graphics, bigger SSD, or something important) and so it wasn’t a pressing development matter, obviously, outside of GNOME. In general, this is just Debian being Debian. In normal usage, for most people, Debian is going to hold up better than Ubuntu because the software in the Stable version of Debian, while older, is rigorously tested and with the goal of there being far fewer serious defects in the final product as a result. I posted about using Flatpaks several times if you need a newer version of a particular program on Debian, but just want a stable OS core that isn’t moving around a lot, with the usual bug churn that goes along with that. The most notable feature of Debian is probably that they are extremely conservative about official kernel versions (although you can certainly install a newer one through backports). That is to say that the official Linux kernels tend to be drawn from the LTS branches where it will just get more and more reliable over its five years (ish) support lifecycle upstream, and if it runs your hardware okay, there’s really not a lot of reason to mess with it. But the policy extends to just about everything on the system. And in some cases, that’s a shame, because KDE’s latest stuff strikes me as overwhelmingly competent. It works, it works well, andit’s not bloatware. If there is one thing I absolutely hate, it’s software that uses more resources than it should for the job it’s doing. I did run into a weird issue where booting Kubuntu 21.10 on this laptop caused the uEFI BIOS in my Lenovo ThinkBook 15 ITL Gen2 to say it was backing up the self-healing BIOS until I shut down and cold started the computer. I have no idea how Ubuntu is building their kernels. Debian doesn’t do this. If I was going to switch over to KDE on this, it would probably be on Debian 11, even though there have been improvements, just because it’s stable and the 1920×1080 display plays nicely with everything. Nothing gets me hotter under the collar than software that doesn’t work, or is working one day and not the next, and now the problem is fixed, but there’s another problem. That’s what Fedora was like. It’s worth repeating….. DO NOT buy a HiDPI display. You will only live to regret it. They’re a power-hogging monstrosity that demands a lot of the GPU, and they’re not practical. Leave them for Mac fanboys who are watching kiss anime at 240p on Safari. I’m sad to say that I bought one because I liked how it looked in the store, and then I ended up getting snookered in and only able to run GNOME these last several years. At this point, I know to ask for 1920×1080 displays. A nice one. But 1920×1080. No more, no less. I definitely see why some underpowered ARM laptops in the $100 range are going with KDE. It’s probably the only desktop environment that any sane person would use that still works on such a system. While GNOME is nowhere near as bad about leaking memory as it used to be, it’s still no spring chicken on old or cheap hardware, and KDE is fast and feature-packed. KDE has had extreme ups and downs over the years, and if anything gives me a second thought at recommending it, it’s that. In early 2008, I remember being excited that we were going to get KDE 4.0, and then I went to evaluate it and almost nothing worked right, for me anyway, until halfway into the KDE 4 development cycle, with version 4.5. Kubuntu 8.04 LTS ended up releasing an unofficial patchjob of KDE 3.5.”12″ and saying that was the LTS, and if you wanted the KDE 4 packages, you were on your own. No LTS support at that point. The KDE project made some truly bizarre development choices and one of them was this thing called the “Phonon” API, which seemed great in theory. They would no longer be beholden to some sound system that might get abandoned upstream like aRts did. Phonon is a smallish API, and programs can use it to play sound and perform other tasks, not caring what the actual media engine behind it all is. The only problem is that the default gstreamer backend was so terrible (at the time, it works fine now) that I installed an unofficial VLC plug-in, so that everything that used Phonon would end up with VLC’s enormous codec library. But even forcing the user to think about things like this seems like a bother in this day and age. I mean, I’m willing to entertain some post-setup dotting of the i’s, crossing of the t’s, but an OS needs to work. And KDE went on for years feeling half-baked with a bug system that was, at times, an echo chamber. Along the way, they adopted this crazy versioning system that split everything out into three groups (not counting Qt itself!) and I’ve never taken to that, and I’ll always call Lake Shore Drive in Chicago by THAT name regardless of what the Democratic Party decides it is. All while GNOME 3 (now 4x) just incrementally got better. The KDE 5.x series is finally something I could install and use on my own computer as a daily driver… except that it’s been so long now that muscle memory for GNOME is built-up, but I can figure out pretty much anything fairly quickly, and would be comfortable changing over on a fresh install if I decided to. The importance of KDE, to me, is that it’s now one more option. If GNOME does something that just flat out makes their software useless and terrible, in my opinion, or KDE just keeps getting better, I can easily switch to it. That’s important. I doubt either will ever get proprietary software-bad, but still….choice is nice. In Windows, there have been other shells besides “Exploder” (Explorer), but very few people ever installed them, and just muddled through trying to figure out where everything was every couple of years when Microsoft decided to rearrange the deck chairs on the Titanic. Most of the projects that even tried to bring some (UI-level) sanity to Windows are now dead. Most were better- written than Microsoft’s, not that that’s much of a hill to climb, but most of the developers themselves probably gave up trying to make the best out of the situation and fled to GNU/Linux and just didn’t have anything left to develop and test on. Remember how awful that Windows 8 thing was? Remember them giving you the start button back and then having it lead to that second desktop you were trying to ignore? That’s how GUI developers give you a proper middle finger. That’s one in a particularly long line of cruel manipulations from Microsoft. I hear that now with Windows_11 you have to set your default browser in like 23 different places, and it’s still hardwired to ignore you and do whatever the hell Microsoft wants. This is just not how you’d treat a friend, and it’s not the way Free Software treats its users. █ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣧⣸⣿⣿⡟⠓⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣘⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢽⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢩⣭⣭⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣯⣭⡍⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠘⠛⠛⠊⢀⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠒⠁⠀⠀⠘⠋⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠤⠀⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1036 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/mozilla-firefox-became-spyware/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/mozilla-firefox-became-spyware/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Mozilla_Firefox_Takes_Another_Step_in_the_Direction_of_Being_Malware_With “Firefox_Suggest”⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Search at 7:04 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Guest post by Ryan, reprinted with permission from the_original Opening: Yesterday I was surfing the web when I found out that LKML.org, a centralized place to see what’s going on in Linux kernel development, was attempting to load an ad script from a company called “BuySellAds dot com”. When I investigated the company in more detail, I found that there was an entire page where they plot with some of the titans of the web industry to track and psychologically manipulate people. One such partnership was Brave. Apparently, this company is pushing Brave’s “ethical ads” from behind the scenes, and another was Mozilla. “One such partnership was Brave. Apparently, this company is pushing Brave’s “ethical ads” from behind the scenes, and another was Mozilla.”It said that they feed ads into “Pocket”, which is where the “Sponsored Content” (including from Big Oil companies like Exxon) keep popping up in the Firefox New Tab page, and now in your address bar if you live in the US (under the guise of Firefox Suggest). Well, what I suggest is that Mozilla CEO Mitchell Baker does with Firefox Suggest and Pocket is probably anatomically impossible, but that’s outside the scope of this post. It sickens me, that a great piece of software that I used from its inception in 2002 (pre-releases), and even before that (as Mozilla Suite, and before Mozilla, as the proprietary Netscape suite) has gone and done this as a cash grab on the way down. Each release, there’s more stuff to turn off, and you have to remember to do all of that every time you install it somewhere. “Each release, there’s more stuff to turn off, and you have to remember to do all of that every time you install it somewhere.”There’s like 5 different settings (something like that) to fully disable DRM and keep it from coming back on or demanding it. That’s pretty bad when many of the sites using it are using it not for DRM, but as a fingerprinting attack. Firefox ceased being Free and Open Source Software when distributed according to the Mozilla Trademark policies long ago, when they enabled Google DRM by default and pestered the user if they turned it off and then didn’t do some “about:config fu” to make sure it stayed off and disappeared from the GUI, but with Cloudflare DNS (a privacy hazard that OpenBSD patched to turn off!), Pocket’s Sponsored Crap, and Firefox Suggest, Firefox has not only straddled the line of what I consider to be “malware”, but has finally crossed it. Perhaps there’s something very wrong with Debian for not going back to calling it “IceWeasel” and patching this stuff out of the source code so that it can’t come on. They are now in abeyance of their Debian Free Software Guidelines all so they can ship malware and call it Firefox. You can perhaps forgive, under these circumstances, that some GNU/Linux distributions are throwing in the towel with Firefox, which doesn’t perform very well and uses gobs and gobs of RAM to perform the tasks, and are shipping some other browser. Linux Mint spins are even putting in Vivaldi. And, if you frame it as a choice between Vivaldi and Firefox, I’d say Firefox is even worse than Vivaldi at this point, though Vivaldi doesn’t pretend to be open source like Firefox does, and they don’t beg for donations while they sell you down the river to adtechs like Mozilla does. “Firefox ceased being Free and Open Source Software when distributed according to the Mozilla Trademark policies long ago, when they enabled Google DRM by default and pestered the user if they turned it off and then didn’t do some “about:config fu” to make sure it stayed off and disappeared from the GUI, but with Cloudflare DNS (a privacy hazard that OpenBSD patched to turn off!), Pocket’s Sponsored Crap, and Firefox Suggest, Firefox has not only straddled the line of what I consider to be “malware”, but has finally crossed it.”What Mozilla fails to understand, obviously, is that by pissing off users into leaving, they not only have less who will stay and drive “ad hits” for them, but they’ll see a further collapse in their search royalty value to Google, and incoming revenue will fall faster than had they just left it alone. Furthermore, by letting this incompetent twit remain as CEO and firing the engineers while leaving a “Global Chief Diversity Officer” and other dead weight so that they can be a political party, development of the browser’s underpinnings lags while they fritter away valuable capital towards these nutjobs. Well, enough was enough so…. I finally figured out the dependency matrix to get Debian to allow me to apt purge firefox-esr from my Debian 11 system without trying to take out GNOME metapackages and the X server. It turns out that I had to give up on using the GNOME Web flatpak from FlatHub, because it collides with the Stable version from Debian. So I backed that out, and deleted its settings and cache under the .var folder hierarchy, and put the epiphany-browser package back in. “…on a clean install, Firefox Suggest is on by default and doesn’t even ask whether the user wants ads or a keylogger malware in their address bar.”As long as that’s there, and those internationalization and LibreOffice Help Packs and foreign spell checkers and such that I removed the other day are gone, you can remove firefox-esr and the system won’t complain that you need a web browser. It seems that Apt only wants to remove the gnome metapackages and xorg (Jean- Baptist…Emanuel….Zorg! Sorry.) if epiphany-browser is not already installed. If it is, it’ll shut up and let you get rid of Firefox. Now you can also reclaim some disk space by removing .mozilla and all of the .mozilla and .firefox stuff under your Home folder (it’s all hidden but unhiding it with Ctrl+H and then using the finder is easy enough). In my case, I don’t use Thunderbird either, so I got rid of its stuff and now it’s just GNOME Web and Evolution. Mozilla lies and says Firefox Suggest is off by default and that it is opt-in. In_the_Bleeping_Computer_article_about_Firefox_Suggest, which also notes Firefox’s dwindling market share (they went from being almost half of all web users at their peak to being only slightly more popular than Vivaldi, and still falling), they say that in their own tests and user reports, on a clean install, Firefox Suggest is on by default and doesn’t even ask whether the user wants ads or a keylogger malware in their address bar. I installed the Firefox 93 Flatpak to find out myself. Mozilla even builds it and uploads the builds to Flathub, so they are official. Firefox Suggest was on by default, no message asking me if I wanted it. When Ubuntu briefly implemented a keylogger that sent your Shell searches to Amazon in their now-abandoned Unity Shell, Richard Stallman called Ubuntu malware. In its default configuration, Firefox not only sends everything you type into the address bar to Google (even though you can turn that off and split searches into a different box), but also to Mozilla, and Mozilla’s advertisers. This is certainly malware. “How is it that Debian says the firmware to run my wifi, SSD, and graphics chip isn’t allowed (in the official image, which will lead some people to think Debian is broken and not bother figuring out why….while others have to know there’s a real installer that has firmware that is semi-hidden) but Widevine DRM blobs and a malicious keylogger in Firefox are fine?”How much longer will “Free” operating systems like Debian continue ignoring their own Free Software Guidelines to package this? It already had a grabber that’s on by default to download Google DRM blobs, and now this. It’s bad enough that Fedora chucked its own Free Software policy out the door when IBM took them over, and started pushing Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Microsoft Edge. How is it that Debian says the firmware to run my wifi, SSD, and graphics chip isn’t allowed (in the official image, which will lead some people to think Debian is broken and not bother figuring out why….while others have to know there’s a real installer that has firmware that is semi-hidden) but Widevine DRM blobs and a malicious keylogger in Firefox are fine? Sounds like someone at Debian should explain this. As an aside, Mozilla is also considering changing_the_default_search_engine_to Bing. Every few years, they come in and decide which crappy privacy-violating mess with worse search results than Google to switch all their users to as part of a cynical ploy to ultimately get Google back to the table for more money. Microsoft has never offered any browser vendor more money than Google, which is why Google is the default search engine on almost every browser, and the iPhone/Safari, even though Apple pretends they’re bitter enemies (over 60% of Apple iOS apps have Google tracking libraries in them). I’m not a big fan of Google, but Bing is much worse. Instead of Google violating your privacy, it will be Microsoft, and then the search results often won’t even be usable. When will Mozilla learn to stop manipulating its remaining users? Never? █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1260 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/swiss-christian-bock/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/swiss-christian-bock/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_X:_Introducing_the_Controversial Christian_Bock⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Europe, Patents at 5:49 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Series parts: 1. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_I:_Let_the_Sunshine_In! 2. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_II:_A_“Unanimous” Endorsement? 3. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_III:_Three_Missing_Votes 4. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_IV:_The_Founding_States 5. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_V:_Germany_Says_“Ja” 6. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_VI:_A_Distinct_Lack_of_Dutch Courage 7. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_VII:_Luxembourgish_Laxity 8. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_VIII:_Perfidious_Albion_and Pusillanimous_Hibernia 9. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_IX:_More_Holes_Than_Swiss Cheese 10. YOU ARE HERE ☞ Introducing the Controversial Christian Bock 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Swiss_Christian_Bock⦈_ Christian Bock, deputy head of the Swiss delegation on the EPO’s Administrative Council in June 2013, now controversial director of the Swiss Federal Customs Administration. Summary: An enabler of Benoît_Battistelli, who illegally_brought_firearms to the EPO, very recently had a firearms-related scandal in his home country In this part we turn our attention to Christian_Bock who was the deputy head of the Swiss delegation on the EPO’s Administrative Council in June 2013. Although he was not the head of the Swiss delegation, Bock’s subsequent controversial career as Director of the Federal Customs Administration in Switzerland deserves a chapter or two of its own. “He originally comes from northern Germany but he is a naturalised Swiss citizen and has been employed in the Swiss federal civil service for over 25 years.”Bock is not a native of Switzerland. He originally comes from northern Germany but he is a naturalised Swiss citizen and has been employed in the Swiss federal civil service for over 25 years. He pursued legal studies at the University of Basel in Switzerland and graduated with a Master of Law degree in 1993. He initially worked as an attorney and notary in Solothurn before joining the Swiss Federal Institute for Intellectual Property – known as the Institut für Geistiges Eigentum (IGE) – as a “trademark lawyer” in 1994. “He pursued legal studies at the University of Basel in Switzerland and graduated with a Master of Law degree in 1993.”From 1994 to 2007, he held various positions at the Swiss IGE, rising to become Deputy Director under Roland Grossenbacher. Bock’s first big breakthrough came in 2007 under the then Justice Minister Christoph_Blocher who promoted him to the position of director of the Federal Office for Metrology (METAS). “Bock’s political sponsor, Christoph Blocher – an industrialist and politician who headed the right-wing populist Swiss People’s Party SVP – had plans to “reform” METAS and Bock seemed to be the right man to push things in the direction that he wanted.”This was the position that Bock held when the EPO’s Administrative Council voted on Battistelli’s “Strike Regulations” in June 2013. Bock remained as deputy head of the Swiss delegation on the Administrative Council until the end of 2014 when he was replaced in this capacity by Alban Fischer, the new deputy director of the IGE and head of the institute’s patent department. “However, Bock’s managerial style at METAS led to a noticeable deterioration of the social climate in the institution.”Bock’s political sponsor, Christoph Blocher – an industrialist and politician who headed the right-wing populist Swiss People’s Party SVP – had plans to “reform” METAS and Bock seemed to be the right man to push things in the direction that he wanted. Before taking over at METAS, Bock had no experience in the field of meteorology, but he saw himself as a “doer” and he left no doubt about his ambitions to implement a radical programme of “reform” as desired by his political patron. However, Bock’s managerial style at METAS led to a noticeable deterioration of the social climate in the institution. “According to the reply from the incumbent Justice Minister Simonetta Sommaruga – who relied on the information provided to her by Bock – everything was in good order.”In September 2015, the Swiss parliamentarian Gerhard_Pfister submitted_a_set_of_parliamentary_questions [PDF] “about staff changes and the working atmosphere” at METAS to the Federal Council of Ministers (as the national government of Switzerland is known). According to the reply from the incumbent Justice Minister Simonetta_Sommaruga – who relied on the information provided to her by Bock – everything was in good order. Shortly afterwards in December 2015, Bock marked another significant milestone in his career when he advanced to become_director_of_the_Swiss_Federal_Customs Administration_(FCA) [PDF] with the support of then Finance Minister Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Simonetta_Sommaruga_and_Eveline_Widmer-Schlumpf⦈_ Bock’s political patrons on the Swiss Federal Council in 2015: former Justice Minister Simonetta Sommaruga (left) who defended his record at METAS and former Finance Minister Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf (right) who promoted him to head of the Federal Customs Administration. Bock was now the “powerful_overlord_of_4,500_customs_experts_and_border_guards” in a position which is reported to carry an annual salary of up to CHF 321,000 (around € 296,000 at current exchange rates). “In April 2021, the CH Media group published a series of three articles authored by the Swiss journalist Henry Habegger. These articles contained an in-depth critique of Bock and his aggressive and confrontational management style at the Federal Customs Administration.”According to Swiss media reports, the same thing seems to have happened at the Swiss FCA as previously with METAS. Under Bock’s stewardship a toxic climate of mistrust and fear developed among the staff of the organisation. In April 2021, the CH_Media_group published a series of three articles authored by the Swiss journalist Henry_Habegger. These articles contained an in-depth critique of Bock and his aggressive and confrontational management style at the Federal Customs Administration. Amongst other things, the series examined [PDF] Bock’s ambitious and highly controversial “DaziT” project – the planned root-and-branch “modernisation” and “digitisation” of the Customs Administration. The original articles in German are behind a paywall but PDF copies are available. • Wo_er_wirkt,_herrscht_ein_«Klima_der_Angst»_–_Zolldirektor_Bock,_ein Chefbeamter_zum_Fürchten. (Local [PDF]) Translation: Wherever he operates, “climate of fear” prevails – Customs Director Bock, a senior official who is dreaded. • Zollchef_Bock:_Der_Waffenfreund_in_Phantasieuniform_serviert_das Grenzwachtkorps_ab. (Local [PDF]) Translation: Customs boss Bock: The gun lover in fantasy uniform is dumping the border guard corps. • Überwachung_total?_Wie_sich_Zolldirektor_Bock_von_zwei_Juristen_ein «Ermächtigungsgesetz»_fabrizieren_liess. (Local [PDF]) Translation: Total surveillance? How Customs Director Bock got two lawyers to manufacture an “Enabling Act” for him. The Swiss website finesolutions.ch, which reports on customs-related issues, also published an openly accessible summary of the three part series in German. A translation is available_in_PDF_format_above_and_below. [PDF] More can be found here. [PDF] “According to these reports, Bock and his deputy Isabelle Emmenegger were in full dress uniform and carrying pistols when a train conductor approached them with a request to bring an unruly passenger to his senses.”In June 2021 the Swiss TV channel SRF produced its own report on the situation at the Federal Customs Administration. The report [PDF] was entitled “Zolldirektor_mit Pistole:_Der_umstrittene_Christian_Bock” (“Customs Director with a Pistol: the controversial Christian Bock”). “In the normal course of events, such passengers tend to calm down very quickly when an armed law enforcement officer shows up and there is rarely any need for the actual use of force to subdue the individual in question.”Although he has taken great pains to cultivate a public image of himself as a “man of action”, in April 2021 the Swiss media reported that Bock had failed to intervene in a real-life incident involving an unruly passenger on a train travelling between Bern and Basel. According to these reports, Bock and his deputy Isabelle Emmenegger were in full dress uniform and carrying pistols when a train conductor approached them with a request to bring an unruly passenger to his senses. In the normal course of events, such passengers tend to calm down very quickly when an armed law enforcement officer shows up and there is rarely any need for the actual use of force to subdue the individual in question. “The verdict of the Swiss media was that the incident reflected poorly on Bock who was said to be “armed but lacking in courage”.”But in this case, Bock and his deputy decided to play it safe for themselves and remained seated. Bock telephoned ahead to request that a detachment of border guards be assigned to the platform in Basel. Their mission was to apprehend the disruptive passenger upon arrival of the train. However, the troublemaker managed to escape scot- free. He disembarked from the train well before it arrived at its final destination. The verdict of the Swiss media was that the incident reflected poorly on Bock who was said to be “armed but lacking in courage”. In the next part we will look the most recent developments in the controversy surrounding Bock, which is still very much a “live” topic in Switzerland. █ ⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⡀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠋⠙⠋⡙⣻⡟⣛⣛⢛⣻⣛⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠐⠋⠁⠈⠉⠉⡉⠙⠿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢩⡉⡻⡋⢻⢛⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠠⢀⣀⡄⢼⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠙⠛⡟⠻⢻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠂⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⡿⣛⠛⡻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⢟⠻⣿⣟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡟⠟⠻⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢯⢟⠆⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡟⠿⠟⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⢪⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⣷⡶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠾⢿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡶⡾⢿⣷⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⣴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣶⡾⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⡟⠛⠟⠿⠼⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⡇⢸⣻⣿⣸⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣛⣇⣎⣰⣿⣀⣇⣇⣣⣸⣶⣿⣇⣃⣕⣺⣐⣇⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣽⣿⢻⢟⢻⠋⡿⣿⣿⢱⡎⣿⡇⡇⠨⡟⢻⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢹⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠙⠙⡿⢸⠁⢸⠀⣷⢸⠻⢸⣇⠇⡆⡇⠀⡃⠈⢛⠁⠋⢻⣿⣋⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠁⠘⠀⡈⠻⠀⠇⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠃⡟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠋⠛⣿⣿⣩⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠈⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠚⠟⠊⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣰⣴⣵⣦⡀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣠⣽⣬⣭⣷⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⢿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠘⠻⠉⢻⡟⠉⠋⣄⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠌⢻⠒⢻⣟⡧⠐⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠘⠛⠁⠀⠀⠸⣿⣷⠀⠀⠹⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠈⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢹⣿⠷⠿⠾⣿⡟⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⢛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣤⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣷⡀⠘⠿⣷⣶⣾⠟⠳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣙⢿⡿⠿⠏⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⣤⣈⢉⣀⡄⠀⠈⠙⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠹⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠐⠨⠀⠀⠂⠈⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣯⣿⣦⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣼⣷⣶⣯⣉⣉⣿ ⠀⠀⢸⣷⠀⢀⣤⡶⣛⣤⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1531 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/swiss-rambos/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/swiss-rambos/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_[Teaser]_Swiss_Rumbustious_Alpha-Rambos⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 7:23 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Lipstick on an EPO hog⦈ Swiss right-wingers played_a_role in Vichyite EPO policies Summary: Aggressive men tarnish the image of Switzerland as a soft nation of peace; details tomorrow… ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⣶⣶⡎⣿⣿⡏⣶⣶⣶⣶⡎⡏⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣭⡻⣿⠟⣩⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣮⣝⢿⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⢱⣶⣶⣶⣶⢹⣿⢟⣭⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣬⡻⣿⡏⣶⣶⣶⣶⡎⡏⣶⣶⣶⡶⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠘⣼⣿⣿⣿⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⡌⠸⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢃⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⡜⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⢃⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡘⠸⠿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⡟⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⣬⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣉⠤⡶⢄⡀⢠⣭⣭⣥⢉⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⣤⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⢰⣶⣶⣶⡆⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⣛⣛⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢂⣔⢶⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⢰⣗⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⡜⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣩⣹⣹⡍⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⠇⣸⠧⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⡄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⣸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡸⣿⣿⣿⣧⢹⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣤⣛⣛⡛⠛⠃⠀⠛⠛⠛⢛⡃⠂⢙⠈⢙⢉⣵⠈⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⣗⣀⢀⣛⣛⣛⣛⠀⣀⡀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⢷⠤⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⢩⣾⣿⣧⣛⣛⣛⣛⣳⣧⣛⣛⣛⣛⣪⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣏⡋⠁⣀⢁⡀⠉⢀⢠⣶⣶⡆⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣬⣀⣀⣠⣀⣈⣠⠚⣿⣿⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠸⢶⠤⠤⠤⠶⢴⣾⣟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠤⢤⢤⠤⢘⣋⣏⠹⣭⣭⡍⣭⣉⣈⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⠀⠀⠠⠾⠖⣒⣒⣒⠺⠮⠤⣿⣿⠀⠸⠿⠧⠅⠒⠚⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠛⠋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⣀⠁⠐⠚⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠈⠀⠒⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣦⣤⣄⡀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⠷⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠒⠒⢒⣒⣀⣀⣀⣰⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠙⠒⢤⣄⣼⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⢀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⡟⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠸⠠⠸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⣀⡀⠀⠤⣤⣤⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣌⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⡶⠖⢂⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣶⣦⣍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⡟⢻⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⡴⣿⣿⢻⠛⢻⢻⠋⢻⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⢽⠟⠈⠹⠁⠀⠙⡋⢸⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠳⠘⠛⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠻⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣹⠿⣿⠟⠙⠿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⣰⣦⣶⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢺⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣏⠀⠀⢁⠀⠀⡿⢿⣿⠋⠉⠇⠀⠈⢠⠀⠀⡇⠀⡸⠀⣰⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡀⢿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠉⢀⣾⠀⠐⠁⠀⠙⡆⠀⢸⠀⠸⣾⠀⠀⡇⠀⠠⠾⢏⠀⠀⣱⣾⣿⣇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⣼⣿⠁⠘⠛⠒⠐⠚⢿⠀⠀⣼⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⠐⠝⠀⠀⣡⣤⣀⣴⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⡀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⢹⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠀⠀⡁⠀⢡⣄⣠⣾⣷⣾⡿⠛⠻⠋⡙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣾⣿⠿⠙⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⢸⡿⠛⠉⠁⠉⠛⠁⣈⠀⠀⡸⠀⣰⣿⣶⣿⣿⠟⠉⠈⠝⣷⠀⢀⠈⠺⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠰⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⢸⠀⡠⠀⣠⣄⠀⣰⣿⠿⠾⢧⡾⠋⢀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠁⠗⢻⢿⡀⠀⣱⡎⠜⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⢠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⢸⣄⣠⣴⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠆⠰⢸⡇⠀⠸⠀⢀⣿⣆⣀⣀⠐⠉⠉⢻⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⠿⡿⠛⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⠂⠠⢨⣗⣀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣂⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡍⣏⣹⣙⣏⣿⣿⠀⠀⢰⠁⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠈⣃⣶⡒⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢟⣛⣛⣛⡻⣿⢟⣛⣛⠀⢀⣉⡛⠃⠀⠀⢘⣋⣙⣛⡛⣿⢛⣛⡂⠉⣛⣛⡛⣿⣿⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⠿⡏⢙⣉⣁⣀⡀⠇⢠⠁⠀⣁⣀⡀⢀⣉⣉⢠⠞⣋⣉⣉⣛⠻⢻⠿⣛⣛⣛⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢣⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⡎⢸⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢉⢸⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⡇⠦⠬⢸⣿⣿⡿⠿⠀⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⡇⢰⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⡄⡦⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⣾⣿⡟⢻⣿⣧⠈⣾⣿⡟⢻⣿⣧⢹⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣷⣸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⡏⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⡇⢀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣇⣀⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⠘⠛⠛⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣦⡀⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣈⣀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠿⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣃⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣶⣶⡄⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⢻⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣇⣛⠇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣧⡻⢿⣿⡿⠟⣱⡸⠿⠿⣀⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⠸⠿⠿⢠⠻⠿⠷⠸⠿⠇⡌⠿⠿⢇⣿⣿⡸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠿⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣎⡻⢿⣿⡿⢟⣴⣿⣿⡇⠿⠿⠇⠸⠿⠿⣰⣙⠿⣿⣿⠿⣣⣷⡙⢿⣿⠿⠻⠿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1597 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/switzerland-christian-bock/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/switzerland-christian-bock/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Unqualified_Managers_and_Demoralising_Leadership_in_Switzerland_(Like_in EPO)⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Europe, Patents at 7:07 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 6b688b13568dc073f4282e7e774d86cd http://techrights.org/videos/bock-switzerland.webm Summary: Switzerland’s media (what’s left_of_it) is currently looking into new scandals associated with Christian Bock, who back in 2013 helped back the_EPO's illegal_anti-strike_regulations MORE than 8 years ago Christian Bock played a role in approval of unlawful EPO regulations on behalf of Switzerland. Did he have a deep understanding of patents at the time? It does not seem so. As it turns out, in his home country Switzerland (though he’s German originally) Bock has been the subject of numerous controversies. Long story short, he’s being put in charge of institutions he has no grasp or no real understanding of. He’s being paid a huge salary to manage people who don’t respect him and don’t like him (shades of Frenchmen Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos) and the above video discusses Part 10, which we've_only_just_published. We’ll continue our coverage of the ‘Bockgates’ tomorrow. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1641 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/12/windows-nsa/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/12/windows-nsa/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Firefox_93_Disables_Triple_DES_and_Doesn’t_Mention_NSA_Backdoors._Windows_11 Continues_Degrading_VPNs_With_It_If_They_Use_the_Native_APIs.⠀✐ Posted in Microsoft, Security, Windows at 6:23 am by Guest Editorial Team Guest post by Ryan, reprinted with permission from the_original Summary: Firefox 93 has finally disabled the NSA-backdoored and weak Triple DES encryption when you connect to “secure” websites. In their blog_post, Mozilla imply that all that’s wrong with it is that it’s obsolete and seen better days, however, the US National Security Agency was involved and weakened the entire scheme to the point where they could easily break it, but thought that nobody else could for a while. Flash forward to today, and Triple DES can be easily attacked using many known weaknesses and, if you know the terrible security track record of the OpenSSL project, they dropped it by default (and you’d have to turn it back on) in 2016. What’s amusing, is that Microsoft and their pet lap dogs over at the Linux (Destroying) Foundation, which has little to do with Linux anymore and more to do with producing mountains of whitepapers using indecipherable buzzwords, technobabble, and treknobabble that would probably make Laura_Callahan blush, got together with other companies and poured money into OpenSSL. Lots of money. And the result of this money is…….. that we’re still stuck with a bloated train wreck that has a lot of obsolete code and security issues. Some GNU/Linux distros tried switching to LibreSSL, but that turned out to be an even bigger disaster in some ways because the OpenBSD people consider the Apache 2 license to be “non-Free” because it doesn’t allow patent trolls to give you a program and then sue you for using it, and since OpenSSL is now under that license, it means they can’t just pull code from it, and pretty much all hope of remaining API/ABI compatible or something close to it went out the window. “Still, just one of the many lingering security problems regarding Triple DES is that the Windows 10 and now, “11” operating systems continue to use it despite it being known for years to be bugdoored by NSA and vulnerable to known attacks and providing weak security, if you use the built-in implementation of IKEv2 to connect to a virtual private network.”And although OpenSSL is a crucial component of every Windows OS out there, anything that goes wrong with it is a “Linux bug” in the media. That’s not an accident. It’s a deliberate red herring. Still, just one of the many lingering security problems regarding Triple DES is that the Windows 10 and now, “11” operating systems continue to use it despite it being known for years to be bugdoored by NSA and vulnerable to known attacks and providing weak security, if you use the built-in implementation of IKEv2 to connect to a virtual private network. This is one reason why no decent VPN company will touch Windows’ included VPN services and usually bundle OpenVPN or, now, Wireguard. Microsoft is still out there pretending to give a shit about security, when this is happening. Windows “11” has been a complete disaster of performance- killing bugs, especially for gamers and people who use the AMD Ryzen CPU platform, and that’s assuming folks can even get it to install in the first place. Internally, Windows rots away and continues its ride into the sunset as a legacy platform, which oddly can now be used by only 15-20% of all PCs out there. Meaning, there’s never been a better time to get away from it. Yes, that’s right, while the overwhelming majority of PCs out there can install GNU/Linux distributions, Microsoft has deliberately made most of them “incompatible” with a blacklist, or slowed them down with “bugs” so that users go “Welp, time to buy new stuff again!”. “Microsoft usually sabotages their older products so that people holding out on them or trying to use them on newer computers to forestall having to deal with the latest bloat, bugs, backdoors, and other bullshit give up and throw in the towel.”There’s about to be a fire sale of cheap used computers that will run GNU/Linux fine. Many people fall for this old chestnut every few years and never learn. Microsoft usually sabotages their older products so that people holding out on them or trying to use them on newer computers to forestall having to deal with the latest bloat, bugs, backdoors, and other bullshit give up and throw in the towel. They talk about “new silicon” (CPUs) “being designed” for their latest OS, but people were installing Windows 7 on Skylake stuff that came with Windows 10, and the only thing that got in the way was Microsoft disabling Windows Update at a certain point if you did. This_goes_way_back,_I’m_told,_to_at_least_Windows_95. Hey, Nathan Lineback would probably know. He was doing just about anything to keep Windows 95 trucking along, including figuring out how to use USB thumb drives on it and getting Seamonkey 2.0 to work. Which is oddly dedicated to a Microsoft OS from decades past (for a guy who otherwise seems to hate everything they’ve done), but oh well. They are easily one of the most dishonest and disreputable companies on the planet. Why, oh why, do people insist on using this? █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1772 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_12/10/2021:_Jörg_Schilling_Passes_Away,_Tor_Browser_11.0a8⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 5:43 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ RIP_Jörg_Schilling⠀⇛ He is also remembered for his commitment to open source, portability, and his work on POSIX. He was working on adapting his software to Z/OS and introducing message catalogues just weeks before his death. Jörg worked for the Bethold typesetting company, one of the first European customers of SUN microsystems. It is there that his love for UNIX and SUN OS in particular was kindled. [1] His interest in SUN OS culminated in Schillix, one of the first open source Solaris distributions. We will of course also remember him for his flames. o ⚓ FreedomBox:_A_personal_server_for_Privacy_and_Security⠀⇛ Over the next couple of weeks this blog will be a “living attempt” to acquaint people with the functionality and setup of a personal FreedomBox Internet server that is suitable for supporting one person or a community of people. In addition to helping people in setting up the basic FreedomBox software, as time allows I will be expanding this blog entry to install some of the useful functionality inside of FreedomBox and additional functionality that can not really be distributed preconfigured with the distribution. FreedomBox can be set up on a variety of hardware and operating system scenarios but a lot of people buy a single board computer such as the official FreedomBox Pioneer from Olimex, a company in Bulgaria that specializes in Open Hardware and is an official partner of FreedomBox, a 501(c)3 non-profit. o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_pre-installation_is_so_important⠀⇛ Linus Sebastian of Linus Tech Tips recently did a long-form chat about the Steam Deck and Linux in general. A major complaint was that Linux is too hard to install, and this gets to the heart of why I believe pre-installing our software on devices like the Steam Deck is so important. The truth is that Linus is right; a Linux-based OS is too hard to install. Only huge nerds can manage it or even have the courage to try in the first place, and it’s easy to be overwhelmed in the process. But let’s face it: this would be the case for Windows or macOS as well. Imagine if every computer was bought as an empty shell and the user needed to choose an operating system, research compatibility, flash a USB drive with the selected OS or buy a DVD or something, and then install it. You think grandma is gonna do that? I don’t think so. How about a busy professional? Forget it. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Things_To_Consider_When_Filing_Bug_Reports_–_Invidious⠀⇛ In today’s boomer vlog, I talk a bit about filing bug reports or opening support requests. What is the proper venue for opening support requests? What information should you include in your post? And why is it important to do it right! # ⚓ DD_Is_Useless:_Just_Use_CAT_Instead_–_Invidious⠀⇛ DD is an incredibly powerful program and the way a lot of people copy ISOs onto their thumbdrives but not only is it not the only way there is also a better way and that is by using cat. # ⚓ Destination_Linux_247:_Is_Firefox_Slowly_Dying?_Can_Mozilla Save_It?⠀⇛ This week’s episode of Destination Linux, we’re going to discuss the topic of Mozilla Firefox and whether we can stop it’s continued decline. Then we’re going to discuss the literal game changer, and the device that has everyone looking at Linux in a big way. Yes, its Steamy news about the Steam Deck, and there are some awesome videos and sneak peeks we are excited to talk about! Plus we’ve also got our famous tips, tricks and software picks. All of this and so much more this week on Destination Linux. So whether you’re brand new to Linux and open source or a guru of sudo. This is the podcast for you. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_Can_Now_Run_on_Apple’s_M1_Chipset⠀⇛ Linux users looking to take advantage of Apple Silicon are about to get their wish with the M1 chipset. It seemed only yesterday that a small group of developers began work on porting Linux to the new Apple M1 chipset. The journey was a struggle from day one, given how much proprietary hardware Apple uses. But the work has paid off and Asahi Linux, a community-based project centered around porting a distribution to the Apple M1 chipset, has finally succeeded in getting a usable Linux desktop on the hardware. The engineers have merged various drivers and bindings for the 5.16 Linux kernel and even managed to work out the pinctrl driver, I2C driver, device power management, NVMe+SART, and DCP. Thanks to those new drivers, M1 Macs are now a viable option for the Linux operating system. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Seahorse:_Manage_Your_Passwords_&_Encryption_Keys_in Linux⠀⇛ We often tend to ignore many default/pre-installed applications, especially when numerous tools and utilities are baked in. One such helpful tool that you can use on various Linux distributions is GNOME’s Seahorse. What do you think about using Seahorse to replace other password managers? Were you already using it to manage encryption keys? Let me know your thoughts in the comments below. # ⚓ Matrix_Chat_Adoption_by_Community_in_2021⠀⇛ Free Software Community is a worldwide society consisted of so many software projects, companies and other organizations. In this community you find Ubuntu, GNU and Linux, LibreOffice, Red Hat and Purism among others. This is our community. Today, we have Matrix Chat, a new public telecommunication facility accessible for everyone, a new technology born from our Community itself. With Matrix Chat, a community can provide an independent, free group chat and video calls for public to join and engage in discussion, publication, and conference. Matrix Chat has been successfully used even for international online conference with 30 thousands attendees. To foster adoption of Matrix Chat, this article lists out several important communities which adopted it so everyone can learn from them and consider to follow. # ⚓ FOSS_Torrents_Is_Your_Gate_For_Linux_Distributions Torrents⠀⇛ Torrents are very common between users downloading a Linux distribution. Typically, a Linux distribution’s ISO size varies between 1GB and 4.9GB, with 2.5GB being the average. Hence, normal HTTP connection could take a long time to finish downloading it. Torrents on the other hand are much faster, because users are downloading from their peers, who are other users also downloading and/or seeding the same file. Those peers might be closer to them geographically than the original uploader/seeder of the file, which overall results in better download speeds. Moreover, torrents can be easily resumed or fixed in the case of a connection error or an MD5 mismatch (Meaning that the file is corrupted). By just selecting the same download path, most torrent programs can continue downloading the corrupted or missing parts automatically. Today we’ll introduce you to FOSS Torrents, an independent torrent service which provides torrents for various Linux distributions and other open source software, for free. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Dockerize_Node.js_apps_with_Buildpacks⠀⇛ Docker has long been the go-to tool to create easily distributable and deployable artifacts. A Docker image can host code written in almost any language; every major operating system supports the ability to execute Docker images and all the cloud providers have at least one platform that allows deployed Docker images. However, creating a Docker image from your custom application code requires a little expertise, especially if you regularly rebuild images as you make changes to your code. It is very easy to unnecessarily download thousands of packages each time an image is built, wasting time, consuming bandwidth, and costing money. # ⚓ Rescuing_a_Frozen_Linux_System_With_Some_Magic_–_Boiling Steam⠀⇛ We’ve all had to face it: the frozen, hanging, crashed system. No fun for sure, especially if you were in the middle of a game before saving (or, I don’t know, doing work? no judgment). If you’ve been around Linux for a while you’ve probably picked up some favorite ways of dealing with a less than responsive system, but if you are new you may reach for Ctrl-Alt-Delete or that reset button right away. To help out new Linux users, and hopefully show some tricks for the more experienced hands, here is a quick guide and tips on trying to save an unresponsive program or system. My experience is mostly with lightweight window managers rather than desktop environments like Gnome, and on X rather than Wayland, but I’ll try to cover this as well. I’ll present these roughly in order of easy and more typical, to less common or more drastic. # ⚓ You_use_Windows_7_and_LibreOffice_7.1_doesn’t_start [Ed: Microsoft Windows is a legacy OS]⠀⇛ # ⚓ MariaDB-as-a-Service_in_RoseHosting_Cloud_Platform⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux_101:_What’s_the_difference_between_a_desktop environment_and_a_window_manager?_–_TechRepublic⠀⇛ After using Linux for a while, you’ll come across an article or mention of a window manager. What does that mean? Is it a desktop environment? No. Is it a part of a desktop environment? Sometimes. I want to try and clear this up a bit, so you don’t wind up confusing one with the other. The first thing to know is that they can both serve as your desktop interface. The biggest difference, however, is that one makes your Linux life considerably easier. Which one? The desktop environment. The thing about a desktop environment is that it focuses on a wholly integrated experience. That means every application will enjoy features like drag and drop between each other. For example, in GNOME (a desktop environment), you can drag an .odt file from the file manager into LibreOffice to open the file in question. A window manager (such as Fluxbox) doesn’t always have that feature (although with a bit of tweaking you can make it work). # ⚓ Data_centre_networking:_SDN_fundamentals_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ In the precedent blog, we provided an introduction to Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and the main reasons which compelled the industry to adopt it. We’ve seen how impactful it can be to leverage scalable automation and the power of software to define and run key networking components. Being sufficiently granular to address functions such as switching, routing, security and QoS, provides strong benefits to the organisations’ IT teams. Going further, making those networking functions model-driven and tied to the end-user’s application intent will highly improve the business applications’ outcomes. In this blog, we will cover the principal components of SDN, its architecture and different types. # ⚓ How_to_Install_and_Configure_Smartctl_on_Ubuntu⠀⇛ Every Major OS hard drive has an option from which that OS can monitor the health and current status of its system using the Smartmontools which is a package having two utility programs i-e smartctl and smartd. Smartctl is used to control self- monitoring as well as analysis and reporting (short form is SMART) of ATA-3 as well as other hard drives or SSDs like SCSI-3 and ATA. Smartctl is designed to perform smart operations from the command line such as initiating device self-tests and printing smart self-test etc. Using smartctl a user can read the smart information from the hard disk and can perform tests on the SSD or hard drive to detect any problems with the hard drive or SSD. In this post, we’ll teach you how to install and configure smartctl on Ubuntu 20.04, as well as how to uninstall smartctl from Ubuntu, so, without further ado, let’s get started with installing smartctl. # ⚓ How_to_install_and_use_Steam_on_Debian_11⠀⇛ Most popular high-end games are not accessible for Linux-based systems, which is why gaming is not always an enjoyable experience for these systems. In such a situation, Steam provides an unmatched way to play AAA PC titles on Linux. Steam is an online platform for games such as iTunes for music and Amazon Kindle for ebooks. Users can buy and install and play multiplayer games from this platform and communicate with other gamers through social networking. In Steam, Digital Rights Management (DRM) is used to protect the games. Steam has been steadily improving since it was introduced to the Linux-based system such as Debian 11. Steam Play and Proton and Steam’s version of Wine enable you to enjoy the experience of your Windows games using your Linux client. Even better, you do not have to install any external repositories to avail these options. You will learn about how to install and use Steam on Debian 11 in today’s post. So let’s start! # ⚓ How_to_Make_a_Debian_11_Bootable_USB⠀⇛ Most devices come with a pre-installed OS; however, you can change the OS as per your likeness or requirements. Nowadays, the computing machines even do not have built-in DVD/CD drives; therefore, users have no choice other than switching to the new methods. Usually, pen drives are being used to get new operating systems; you can make USB bootable by using the iso image of operating systems. To make it bootable, there are several tools available that help to extract important files from iso image and then add those files to the USB drive to make it functional. In this post, we have briefly described the step-by-step procedure to make a Debian 11 bootable USB. # ⚓ How_to_Install_and_Use_Netstat_on_CentOS⠀⇛ System administrators utilize network statistics or netstat as a command-line tool to analyze network data. Routing tables, multicast memberships, interface statistics, network connections, masquerade connections, and other network-related information is displayed using the netstat command. It also assists you in finding out network problems. In this post, you will learn about how to install and use netstat on CentOS. So, let’s start! # ⚓ How_to_Use_Vagrant_with_VMware_Workstation_Pro_16_on_Ubuntu 20.04_LTS⠀⇛ Vagrant is for virtual machines what Docker is for containers. Vagrant is a wrapper for different hypervisor programs like VMware Workstation Pro, VMware Player, VirtualBox, Hyper-V, VMware vSphere, etc. Vagrant uses a simple text-based configuration file called Vagrantfile to quickly set up a development environment with one of the supported virtual machine providers/hypervisors. Vagrant can quickly configure virtual machines based on your project requirement and get them up and running. Vagrant command-line interface provides easy management for the virtual machines as well. You can easily SSH into any Vagrant- managed virtual machines, configure them, destroy them and recreate them on the fly. Vagrant simplifies managing virtual machines for development projects and saves a lot of time. Vagrant also makes sharing your work with other people really easy. All you have to do is share the Vagrantfile of your project, and the person on the other side can recreate everything with Vagrant. In this article, I will show you how to install the latest version of Vagrant on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and configure Vagrant to use VMware Workstation Pro 16 as a virtual machine provider. So, let’s get started. # ⚓ Install_Kanban_(kanboard)_on_Centos_8_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Kanboard is an Open source project management software which helps you to manage your project and visualize your work details. It offers easy to use web interface that allows you to manage your project with ease. You can also integrate kanboard with external programs using plugins. In this article we will see how to install kanboard / Kanban on CentOS 8. # ⚓ How_to_install_SSF2_Crimson’s_Trash_Modpack_on_a Chromebook⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install SSF2 Crimson’s Trash Modpack on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ How_to_Login_Remote_Ubuntu_20.04_Server_with_Passwordless SSH_Key_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ For those having Ubuntu or other Linux server (e.g., Debian, CentOS and Fedora) remotely, here’s how to login without password using SSH key authentication. Compare to user password login, SSH key authentication is more secure because only the person who has the key allows to connect, and the keys are well encrypted by different algorithms. It also make SSH connection simple by login without password. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Graylog_Server_on_Ubuntu_21_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Graylog is an open source tool for Log Management. It consists of Elastic Search, MongoDB and Graylog. Graylog can be used to analyze logs and notify if there is any discrepancy in the logs. We can also use it to analyze conventional as well as custom logs. In this Article we will install Graylog. You must have an account with sudo privileges or root account. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Sentrifugo_HRM_on_CentOS_8_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Sentrifugo is a FREE and powerful Human Resource Management System that can be easily configured to meet your organizational needs. Also It is a feature-rich and easily configurable application. It is written in PHP and uses MySQL/MariaDB to store its database. You can use Sentrifugo to track the employee’s performance, vacation dates, roles and privileges. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Hyper_Terminal_on_AlmaLinux_8_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Hyper Terminal on AlmaLinux 8. For those of you who didn’t know, Hyper terminal is built with web technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Electron.js, etc. It is a highly customizable and configurable Terminal, so you can easily change your Terminal appearance with different themes and also extend its functionality with plugins. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Hyper Terminal on AlmaLinux 8. You can follow the same instructions for CentOS and Rocky Linux. # ⚓ How_to_Check_if_Hardware_RAID_is_Configured_on_Linux Server⠀⇛ Hardware RAID is configured on the physical servers, which use a dedicated RAID controller to manage the raid configuration. The RAID controller manages and performs all RAID- related tasks independently of the OS. What I am saying is that it does not take any resources from the operating system to perform raid related tasks. RAID stands for Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks. It combines multiple physical hard disk drives into one or more logical drive to improve performance and reliability. In this guide, we’ll show you how to check hardware RAID configured on HP ProLiant servers from Linux. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Lutris_0.5.9_Released_With_Support_For_The_Epic_Games Store,_New_Options⠀⇛ Lutris 0.5.9 is now available for this open-source Linux game manager program that has now added initial support for the Epic Games Store among other new options and enhancements in this new version. Lutris 0.5.9 provides initial Epic Games Store support. Given that Epic still isn’t offering this platform natively on Linux, the Epic Games Store support on Linux is limited to use under Wine. More details on that integration via Lutris.net. # ⚓ Building_a_Retro_Linux_Gaming_Computer_–_Part_7:_The_Arena Eternal_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ When I was growing up, one of my first exposures to Linux was my father’s stack of old Linux Journal magazines. Printed in several of these was one of many advertisements by the Linux server company Penguin Computing, this one depicting Linux mascot Tux brandishing a rocket launcher in the iconic Q3DM7 map included in the demo version of Quake III Arena. This image became so emblematic of Linux as a gaming platform that it still gets widely circulated to this day. When I switched to using Linux full time in the spring of 2007 one of my first accomplishments was getting that same demo to install. I remember being frustrated at not having it work on first launch, until I discovered I had to copy my system’s libGL.so.1 file to the install directory, one last caveat brought on by the need to support both 3dfx as well as more generic OpenGL accelerator hardware. From that moment on, my Linux box became a gaming machine. It was not until later that I would discover the full effect Quake III Arena had on the Linux ecosystem by downloading and playing the numerous derivative games created from the 2005 source code release available in almost all Linux software repositories. Even with all of those other options it was the original game I always found myself coming back to, with my main listed frag count now exceeding 21,000 frags as of the time of this writing. # ⚓ Book_of_Travels_is_a_thoroughly_strange_take_on_an_online RPG_now_in_Early_Access_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Might and Delight has just released Book of Travels, an online RPG played they’re calling a “TMORPG” meaning Tiny Multiplayer Online RPG and it’s quite something. Note: personal purchase. The idea is that instead of joining a server with thousands of people, you’re given a world where you might come across a few others instead but not too many. Right now the total per server is only seven people, so you’re lucky if you even see anyone and in a way it makes it a bit more exciting. Compared with other online RPGs, it’s a much more solitary experience and one you can quite easily relax in. # ⚓ How_to_play_The_Room_on_Linux⠀⇛ The Room is a puzzle game developed by Fireproof Games. In the game, the player is challenged to figure out how to open each locked room through a series of puzzles. Here’s how to play The Room on your Linux PC. # ⚓ Gaming_on_Fedora⠀⇛ Gaming is a beautiful hobby that many people are engaging with. Across all demographics people are busy creating their own digital farms, working together in combat, or simply socializing while maintaining a space-ship, free of impostors. All of this can be done on Fedora Linux. And while it doesn’t have a name for being flashy, looks can be deceiving. Keep reading to find out how you can play the latest video games on Fedora Linux. With its mission statement emphasizing features and innovation, Fedora is often on the forefront of embracing new technologies, the latest Linux kernels and the latest drivers. All without sacrificing stability or reliability. Fedora won’t cripple itself in an attempt to be first, but it will certainly try to lead by example. o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ Best_Linux_Distro_for_Programming⠀⇛ If you’re a programmer and you’re looking for a Linux distro, this will help you find the perfect fit. Without further ado, we’ll go straight to the distro recommendations. If you want to learn more, scroll down to the bottom of the article. # § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾ # ⚓ Q4OS_4.6_Quick_overview_#Shorts_–_Invidious⠀⇛ A Quick overview of Q4OS 4.6 # ⚓ Debian_11.1⠀⇛ Today we are looking at Debian 11.1, the KDE Plasma Edition. It comes with Linux Kernel 5.10, KDE Plasma 5.20.5, and uses about 1GB of ram when idling. Enjoy! # ⚓ Debian_11.1_Run_Through_–_Invidious⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at how to install Debian 11.1, the KDE edition. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Say_hello_to_Ubuntu_Frame [Ed: ZDNet very, very late]⠀⇛ We use Canonical’s Ubuntu Linux on desktops, servers, and clouds all the time. But Ubuntu also finds its way into narrower purposes. For example, Ubuntu Core Linux is often used in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Now, with Ubuntu Frame, Ubuntu has an even more specialized role: digital signs and user kiosks. # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10:_What’s_New?_[Video]⠀⇛ Six months of dedicated development went into creating Ubuntu 21.10, which is backed by 9 months of security and core app updates. This release also acts as a gateway to next year’s long-term support (LTS) release. And by jove is there plenty to see! While the arrival of GNOME 40 and its rejigged desktop is a rather big deal on its own, I imagine the imposition of a Firefox Snap app as default will inspire the most discussion. Ubuntu 21.10 isn’t just lighter to look at (spoiler) but it feels lighter in use to — I’m not running the distro on top- tier hardware. # ⚓ Ubuntu_Weekly_Newsletter_Issue_704⠀⇛ Welcome to the Ubuntu Weekly Newsletter, Issue 704 for the week of October 3 – 9, 2021. The full version of this issue is available here. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_CM4_Used_in_Custom_Nintendo_Switch_Lite Replica⠀⇛ The small form factor and processing power of the Raspberry Pi CM4 has made it a go-to choice for many developers looking to create custom handheld consoles. Today we’ve got another impressive CM4- powered handheld to share, this one created by maker known as StonedEdge. After a year of designing and building, they and a friend have managed to create a Nintendo Switch Lite replica featuring a CM4 that runs RetroPie called the RetroLite CM4. As of right now, the project is not open source, but the makers have taken it under consideration for the future. Until then, curious parties are still welcome to get a close look at the build process and internal components should they seek to create something similar of their own. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Chrome’s_New_RSS_Feature_Rolling_Out_to_Android_Users Now⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Play_Store_gets_Material_You_dynamic_colors_on Android_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12′s_Fabricated_Overlay_API_brings_back rootless_themes⠀⇛ # ⚓ At_a_Glance_weather_reappears_for_more_Android_12 Pixels_–_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_your_Samsung_phone_will_look_like_with_Android_12 |_NextPit⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_Phones_Are_Having_Issues_With_Nest_Devices, Mostly_Samsung⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2_Ways_To_Fix_Your_Android_Phone_From_Qualcomm_Crash Dump_Mode⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_Phones_Sharing_Significant_User_Data_Without Opt-Outs_–_Infosecurity_Magazine⠀⇛ # ⚓ Universal_Android_Debloater_disables_unwanted_system apps,_no_root_required_–_Liliputing⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google_Chrome_releases_new_Custom_Zoom_feature_for Android_devices:_How_to_use_it?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Reigns_Her Majesty,_more_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_LG_Wing_is_still_on_the_July_2021_security_patch and_Android_10_as_it_nears_its_first_anniversary_– NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ New_Honor_50_cell_phone_will_have_Google_and_Android services_–_How_smart_Technology_changing_lives⠀⇛ # ⚓ Vivo_X70_Pro+_review_in_five_points:_The_best_premium Android_smartphone_this_year?_–_Technology_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Cold_v/s_Hot_Crypto_Android_Wallets⠀⇛ # ⚓ 5_best_search_apps_for_Android_to_find_what_you_want –_Android_Authority⠀⇛ # ⚓ Flashback:_a_look_back_at_the_“pure_Android”_Google Play_Edition_phones_and_why_they_failed_–_GSMArena.com news⠀⇛ # ⚓ From_the_Editor’s_Desk:_Is_Android_12_done_or_not?_| Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12_“stable”_beta_is_bricking_some_Xiaomi_Mi 11_phones_–_Phandroid⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12′s_biggest_feature_might_not_be_on_many phones_at_launch_|_TechRadar⠀⇛ # ⚓ Oppo_launches_custom_Android_12_skin_via_ColorOS_12_– CNET⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_phones_engage_in_‘significant’_data collection_and_sharing⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Bypass_Android_Lock_Screen_Pattern,_Pin,_or Password?_–_The_Teal_Mango⠀⇛ # ⚓ 5_Ways_to_Block_Popup_Notifications,_Full-Screen_Ads on_Android_Phone⠀⇛ # ⚓ Top_8_Ways_to_Fix_Widgets_Not_Updating_on_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ POCO_is_the_new_name_in_South_African_Android phones⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_Watch4_Classic_review:_A_great_Android wearable,_not_so_much_for_non-Samsung_users_–_The Hindu⠀⇛ # ⚓ Chrome_for_Android_brings_Follow_button_for_your favorite_websites_–_Android_Community⠀⇛ # ⚓ Ekahau_Mobile_Survey_for_Android_–_Wi-FiPlanet.com⠀⇛ # ⚓ You_Can_Buy_Anker’s_Android_TV-Powered_Nebula_Capsule II_For_$419⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_TV_is_finally_ready_for_all_the_streaming addicts_in_your_house⠀⇛ # ⚓ These_live_wallpapers_help_you_manage_your_Android screen_time_|_Laptop_Mag⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ OSCAL,_Open_Labs,_Mozilla_&_grooming_women_for Outreachy⠀⇛ Monday, 11 October is the UN’s International Day for the Girl Child. The definition of Girl Child varies from country to country. In the law of Albania, the age of consent can be as low as 14 if you can convince (bribe) a judge that a 14 year old girl has achieved sexual maturity. Legal text. What does it look like when children aged 16 and 17 make software for big corporations to use? Today we find out Here is a team photo from Ura Design, one of the Albanian companies using the hackerspace as a front for people trafficking. In the team we see a former Outreachy, Renata Gegaj beside a future Outreachy, Anja Xhakani. # ⚓ New_Release:_Tor_Browser_11.0a8_(Android Only)⠀⇛ Tor Browser 11.0a8 is now available from the Tor Browser download page and also from our distribution directory. Note: This is an alpha release, an experimental version for users who want to help us test new features. For everyone else, we recommend downloading the latest stable Windows/macOS/Linux or Android release instead. # § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾ # ⚓ PostgreSQL_Weekly_News_–_October_10,_2021⠀⇛ pgCluu 3.2, a Perl program to audit PostgreSQL performance, released. PGroonga 2.3.2 a full text search platform for all languages, released. # ⚓ Percona_Distribution_for_PostgreSQL_Operator_1.0.0⠀⇛ The PostgreSQL Operator for Kubernetes automates the lifecycle, simplifies deploying and managing open source PostgreSQL clusters. The Operator follows best practices for configuration and setup of the Percona Distribution for PostgreSQL. The Operator provides a consistent way to package, deploy, manage, and perform a backup and a restore for a Kubernetes application. Operators deliver automation advantages in cloud-native applications. # ⚓ pgAdmin_4_v6.0_Released⠀⇛ The pgAdmin Development Team are pleased to announce pgAdmin 4 version 6.0. This release of pgAdmin 4 includes 18 bug fixes and new features. For more details please see the release notes. pgAdmin is the leading Open Source graphical management tool for PostgreSQL. For more information, please see the website. # § FSF⠀➾ # § Licensing/Legal⠀➾ # ⚓ JUDGMENT_OF_THE_COURT_(Fifth_Chamber)_6_October 2021_[...]_Case_C-13/20⠀⇛ On those grounds, the Court (Fifth Chamber) hereby rules: 1. Article 5(1) of Council Directive 91/250/EEC of 14 May 1991 on the legal protection of computer programs must be interpreted as meaning that the lawful purchaser of a computer program is entitled to decompile all or part of that program in order to correct errors affecting its operation, including where the correction consists in disabling a function that is affecting the proper operation of the application of which that program forms a part. 2. Article 5(1) of Directive 91/250 must be interpreted as meaning that the lawful purchaser of a computer program who wishes to decompile that program in order to correct errors affecting the operation thereof is not required to satisfy the requirements laid down in Article 6 of that directive. However, that purchaser is entitled to carry out such a decompilation only to the extent necessary to effect that correction and in compliance, where appropriate, with the conditions laid down in the contract with the holder of the copyright in that program. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Exit_Function_in_C⠀⇛ Exit() is a core function in the C/C++ programming language that is used to instantly end the calling process (function). It is possible to call from any function. It informs the operating system of the state of program termination by passing an int value. It is usually used when software crashes unexpectedly. It is also recognized as the program’s current state. The exit function can be used to end a program at any moment, regardless of how many function calls have been performed. It calls a variety of other functions before terminating the application, such as shutting open files, to clean up. The exit function is specified in the < stdlib.h > header and is included in the C standard libraries. The file defines several types, macros, and basic utility functions for performing numerical conversions, random number generation, sorting, memory management, and interacting with the environment. To interrelate with the environment, utilize the exit function. # § JavaScript (JS)⠀➾ # ⚓ What_are_Callback_Functions_in_JavaScript?⠀⇛ If you’re a programmer, you’ve probably heard of functions, which are a set of statements that perform an action and return an output but what are callback functions? The callback function is an extremely important concept of javascript and is widely used in promises, event listeners, arrays, and much more. We’ll go over what callback functions are and how to use them in JavaScript in this tutorial as well as We will also talk about the synchronous and asynchronous callback functions. To have clear and profound concepts of Callback functions we will implement some examples as well. # ⚓ What_Does_the_“use_strict”_Directive_Do_in JavaScript⠀⇛ JavaScript evolved for a long time having no compatibility issues and modified by adding new features but not changing the old features. It had its advantages and disadvantages and the advantage was that it didn’t allow the breaking of the existing code, however, the disadvantage was that any error made by the developers or creators was stuck within JavaScript forever. It carried on until ECMAScript 5 (also referred to as ES5) was introduced in 2009 whose perk was that it added new features while modifying current ones. However, by default in JavaScript, these modifications are off. One needs to enable it with a special message or command which is the “use strict”. # ⚓ Top_10_Popular_Websites_Built_using_JavaScript –_Examples⠀⇛ Popularity of JavaScript is increasing day by day with it’s usage for building websites, mobile applications, web based games and server side applications. It’s a client side scripting language but with the introduction of NodeJs, it’s now possible to handle server side as well. JavaScript is evolving everyday, making it’s way more into the tech world by introducing various frameworks, which makes the life of developers easy. Many websites which are popularly known are built around JavaScript which shows how important and useful the language is. In this write-up, you will have the top 10 popular websites built using JavaScript. # ⚓ What_are_JavaScript_Object_Accessors⠀⇛ JavaScript object accessors are used to access and update the objects and two keywords used for this function are getter and the other is the setter. JavaScript introduced getters and setters in ES5 in 2009. We’ll look at what getters and setters are and how to utilize them in JavaScript in this tutorial as well as go over why you should use get or set methods of JavaScript. Apart from this, we will discuss the object.defineProperty() as well. In the end, we will shine some light on which browser supports the set and get methods. So let’s get started. # ⚓ How_to_Reverse_an_Array_in_JavaScript⠀⇛ Reversing an array is a very popular coding problem which is often asked as an interview question when applying for an entry level JavaScript Developer position. Sometimes you will be asked to modify the original array so that the first element becomes the last and the second element becomes the second last element of the array and so on. Sometimes you might be asked to reverse an array without changing the original array. In this post we will look at different methods which are used to reverse an array in JavaScript; these methods will include the methods which reverse the original array as well as methods which can be used to make a new reversed array. # ⚓ How_to_Speed_up_the_Execution_of_JavaScript Code⠀⇛ When developing an app or a website, one of the most crucial elements to consider is the app’s or website’s performance. As a user, I wouldn’t want any app to take a long time to load or whenever I click something and I have to wait for some action. Often if the webpage takes 5-6 seconds to load most users including me would leave the webpage. For web developers, JavaScript is a fantastic tool. Every web developer learned JavaScript at some point in their life. However, poor JavaScript code results in slower websites. With this in mind, a developer always looks at ways of improving his webpage. You are in luck because today we are going to talk about how to speed up the execution of JavaScript code. # ⚓ How_to_Write_a_JavaScript_Program_to_Get_File Extension_from_File_Name?⠀⇛ The file extension is a three or four- letter abbreviation or an acronym at the end of a file that tells you what kind of file it is under different operating systems. For example, the file name is code.js hence the extension here is js. The goal of this article is to show you how to write a JavaScript program to get file extensions from a file name. We will discuss two of the easiest and most used methods to find the file extension. # ⚓ How_to_Reverse_a_String_in_JavaScript⠀⇛ Reversing an array is a very popular coding problem that is often asked as an interview question to beginner JavaScript devs. Sometimes the interviewers add certain restrictions, forcing you to come up with ingenious solutions. In JavaScript, a string can be reversed by many different methods. In this post we will discuss the most creative and interesting methods for reversing a string. # ⚓ How_to_Link_JavaScript_to_HTML⠀⇛ JavaScript is a very popular scripting language which is used both on the client-side as well as on the server- side. JavaScript is necessary for our web pages as it makes our web page interactive. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ Bytes_to_String_in_Python⠀⇛ In Python, whenever we store anything, it will store it as a byte. The bytes are not human-readable, and strings are human-readable forms. Whenever we store any string, it will not directly store it as a string; it will be encoded into the bytes using different methods like ASCII and UTF-8. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Hydrarchy,_Maritime_Resistance,_and_the_Production_of_Race:_An interview_with_Marcus_Rediker⠀⇛ This concept of hydrarchy emerged from the book Peter Linebaugh and I wrote called The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic (Beacon Press 2000). Edward Braithwate wrote in 1631 that sailors lived in a “hydrarchy,” the social order of life at sea. Hydrarchy literally meant government on the water. We re-deployed an archaic term and made it central to our book. It has remained important to all of the work I have done ever since. Like many other concepts, hydrarchy needs to be understood from two perspectives: from above and from belove. If we look at it from above, hydrarchy refers to the imperial organization and control of maritime space during the construction of a global system of capitalism, beginning in the late 16th century and continuing on to the present. The hydrarchy of naval power polices and manages the sea, for the accumulation of capital. o ⚓ Forget_the_Huddled_Masses,_Bring_Us_Billionaires⠀⇛ o ⚓ Fleeting_Memories_of_Youth_and_the_Increasing_Impermanence_of Culture⠀⇛ The most lasting mementos are physical artefacts: a small clay figurine, a handful of photos. A physical book of IRC quotes we had professionally printed and bound many years ago is, ironically, likely to outlive whatever bit- rotting homepage we once built to make permanent the same quotes online. I could scan everything and upload the pictures to some cloud server somewhere, pretending that it’s still going to be there in forty years, but I won’t. Instead, I take the photos out sometimes and perform my own little ritual of remembrance: thumbing through them, smiling and thinking of what was no doubt simpler times, even though teenage turmoil certainly didn’t make it feel that way back then. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ How_scientists_searched_for_the_elusive_sounds_of_the northern_lights⠀⇛ Amery, a historian at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, is the author of a recent study detailing the scientific search for the sounds of the aurora borealis — the northern lights. The almost phantasmagorical noises have been a mystery to scientists for over a hundred years. But now it seems that a lone researcher has figured out how auroras really do make sounds. # ⚓ Things_Are_Looking_Brighter!_But_Not_The_Stars_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_The_Preventable_Horrors_of_the_Pandemic_and_the Short_Case_for_Open_Research⠀⇛ The Covid 19 pandemic is once again at an inflection point– with cases now falling sharply in most of the world. The current pandemic may be coming under control, but after millions of preventable deaths,  this is very far from a success story and it is as good  a time as any to take a hard look at our failings, especially with regard to our management of knowledge    # ⚓ Pandemic_Solidarity_Transformed_Our_Society._Now_We_Need_It Again.⠀⇛ Recently, I took a moment to reflect on how I was feeling at this point in the pandemic and, unsurprisingly, like everyone I know, it’s not great. Despite the fact that we are safer this year (we have vaccines after all!) and we are now able to see more friends and family, I feel worse than I did at the beginning of the pandemic. Everyone I know is on edge or otherwise irritated, and there’s a sense that we’re all collectively meaner. Certainly, this is the case when you look at what service staff all over the country are reporting dealing with—rude and aggressive customers resisting mask and vaccine requirements. Heath care workers are dealing with an incredible amount of violence and threats; some hospitals have distributed panic buttons in case of assault. The country is bitterly divided over masks and vaccines—particularly for children, leading to fights at school boards across the country, which have prompted boards to ask for federal protection. Thinking back to the beginning of the pandemic, when I spent days alone in my apartment in Providence, the key thing that stands out is the collective sense of solidarity that filled the air. Despite some protests against stay-at-home orders, polling from last April shows that most Americans were staying home to flatten the curve and protect our health care system. And in the name of doing so, governments at all levels began to institute a number of policies in that briefly transformed American society. # ⚓ On_“natural_immunity”_to_COVID-19_(and_every_other_vaccine- preventable_disease)⠀⇛ Ever since COVID-19 hit, I’ve been repeating the mantra, “Everything old is new again”. The reason is simple. Key to understanding a lot of the misinformation about COVID-19, its spread, and COVID-19 vaccines is an understanding that none of this misinformation is new. Rather, it’s the same misinformation that we at SBM have long been dealing with, just applied to the pandemic. Examples abound, including the minimization of the severity of COVID-19 that so much resembles how antivaxxers minimized the severity of the measles, misuse of the VAERS database to attribute harms to the COVID-19 vaccine that are very likely coincidental, false claims that COVID- 19 vaccines cause infertility, and the appeal to “natural immunity” to the coronavirus and “natural herd immunity” as being inherently superior to vaccine-induced immunity or herd immunity from mass vaccination, which are denigrated as being somehow less than natural, artificial even—or even outright harmful. Never mind that achieving “natural herd immunity” requires that huge numbers of people be sickened and die of the disease, just as individual immunity from the disease requires the individual to be sickened and face the risk of severe disease and death. # ⚓ ‘Waive_the_Patents’:_Moderna_Still_Refuses_to_Share_Covid- 19_Vaccine_Recipe⠀⇛ With Moderna already under fire globally for prioritizing the vaccination demands of rich countries in the ongoing fight against Covid-19, the chairman and co-founder reiterated Monday that the American company will not share its vaccine recipe. In an interview with The Associated Press, Moderna’s Noubar Afeyan claimed that appeals from the World Health Organization (WHO) and others to share the recipe assumed “that we couldn’t get enough capacity, but in fact we know we can.” # ⚓ Facebook_Harms_Its_Users_Because_That’s_Where_Its_Profits Are⠀⇛ Thinking about Facebook and what to do with it means grappling with two conflicting sets of facts. One is that Facebook is an immensely useful platform for communication, news publishing, economic activity, and more, which billions of people around the world rely on. The other is that Facebook is a highly addictive, profit-seeking entity that exploits and manipulates human psychology to make money, with dire results for the rest of society. # ⚓ Michael_Keaton_confronts_US_opioid_crisis_in_‘Dopesick’⠀⇛ It explores how Purdue Pharma aggressively pushed OxyContin, a highly addictive prescription painkiller blamed for the country’s opioid crisis that has caused half a million US overdose deaths since 1999. Purdue executives last year pleaded guilty to criminal charges that included defrauding federal health agencies by downplaying the addictive nature of the medication, and paying illegal kickbacks to doctors. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Fake_ads_rife_on_Bing_as_investment_scams_jump_84%⠀⇛ Investment scams spiked by 84% in the first half of 2021 and total losses almost doubled from £55.2m in the first half of 2020 to £107.7m, largely driven by fraudulent advertising on search engines and social media, according to UK Finance. # ⚓ Cyber_insurance_should_not_cover_ransoms:_Australian officials [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ A paper written by Rachael Falk, chief executive of the organisation, and Anne- Louise Brown, its director of Corporate Affairs and Policy, listed this as one of its conclusions after a brief examination of how cyber insurance was working out in other parts of the world. Falk and Brown said assistance from an insurer should be limited to functions that covered response and recovery. They found it troubling that some cyber insurance policies in Australia explicitly offer coverage for extortion and ransom payments. # ⚓ How_A_Chromebook_Is_Different_To_A_Windows_Laptop_ (And_Which_Is_Best)⠀⇛ Chromebooks have come a long way since they first hit the market ten years ago. Not only has the hardware gotten better, but the Chrome operating system has received significant upgrades taking the experience from one that’s just an operating system built on top of a browser to one that’s capable of doing so much more, including running Android and Linux apps. The popularity of Chromebooks has also increased over the years, with devices powered by Google’s OS even outselling Macs last year. # ⚓ Google’s_Fuchsia_OS_to_support_more_devices_and_other form_factors⠀⇛ Fuchsia OS is the newest operating system from Google that was launched earlier this year. This latest software from the technology giant is already powering the company’s first-generation Nest Hub. Now, a new job listing from the company, spotted by 9to5Google, sheds light on the matter that Google is looking to expand the Fuchsia operating system to “additional smart devices and other form factors.” # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Aarna_Networks_Joins_the_Linux Foundation_Networking_Edge_Multi- Cluster_Orchestrator_(EMCO)_Project⠀⇛ As a software company leading in the 5G and edge computing app management space, Aarna Networks will offer its expertise to create a truly open edge ecosystem # ⚓ LF_Edge_Welcomes_New_Premier Members_F5,_VMware_as_it_matures_into a_Framework_for_Real-_World_Edge, Telco,_and_IoT_Solutions_–_Linux Foundation⠀⇛ LF Edge, an umbrella organization within the Linux Foundation that creates an open, interoperable framework for edge computing independent of hardware, silicon, cloud, or operating system, today announced the project’s maturity as a deployable framework with expanded open source solutions to meet real- world demands. Industry leaders F5 and VMware have joined the community as Premier members as LF Edge maturation includes new projects, general members, project releases and blueprints that enable deployable solutions. # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_to_Integrate_L3AF, Walmart’s_Production-Grade_Project_to Support_eBPF_programs_–_Linux Foundation⠀⇛ LF Networking (LFN), which facilitates collaboration and operational excellence across open source networking projects, today announced that Walmart has moved its L3AF project to the Linux Foundation. L3AF provides complete life- cycle management of eBPF networking application programs with the help of an advanced control plane, offering a cloud and vendor-agnostic platform for launching and managing eBPF programs. Koby Avital, executive vice president, Walmart Global Tech, announced the news during his keynote address, “title,” as part of Open Networking and Edge (ONE) Summit + Kubernetes on Edge Day, this morning. # ⚓ Walmart_Pushes_Open-Source_L3AF_To Help_Out_eBPF_Ecosystem⠀⇛ Retail shopping giant Walmart has found use out eBPF programs and today announced the open-source L3AF to help in the effort. # ⚓ Walmart_Moves_Production_Grade Networking_Project,_L3AF,_to_the Linux_Foundation⠀⇛ LF Networking (LFN), which facilitates collaboration and operational excellence across open source networking projects, today announced that Walmart has moved its L3AF project to the Linux Foundation. L3AF provides complete life- cycle management of eBPF networking application programs with the help of an advanced control plane, offering a cloud and vendor-agnostic platform for launching and managing eBPF programs. # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Security_updates_for_Monday⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (apache2, mediawiki, neutron, and tiff), Fedora (chromium, dr_libs, firefox, and grafana), Mageia (apache), openSUSE (chromium and rabbitmq- server), Oracle (kernel), Red Hat (firefox and httpd24-httpd), SUSE (rabbitmq-server), and Ubuntu (libntlm). # § Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt/Fear-mongering/ Dramatisation⠀➾ # ⚓ Trend_Micro:_Linux_Malware_Targets_Huawei Cloud [Ed: Contrary to the misleading image that says "LINUX", along with the headline, the root cause has nothing to with Linux]⠀⇛ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Hacking_the_World_–_Part_2:_What’s_Being Hacked_(And_What_Changed_with_Covid)⠀⇛ # ⚓ What_is_a_TPM_and_why_isn’t_mine working?⠀⇛ If you’re like most people, you didn’t think about whether your computer had a TPM (Trusted Platform Module) until Microsoft made it part of its system requirements to run Windows 11. Now that Windows 11 has arrived, it’s a vital piece of whether or not you’ll even be able to upgrade. We’ll explain what a TPM is, how you can find out whether your system has one, and how to enable it if it’s turned off. # ⚓ Facebook_Changes_the_Way_It_Measures Accounts_for_Advertisers⠀⇛ Facebook Inc. is changing the way it counts user profiles for advertising purposes — a move that will increase the number of total accounts an advertiser can reach — as part of an effort to improve privacy. The company currently uses data, like a user’s email address or phone ID, to link that person’s Facebook and Instagram accounts for advertising purposes. “We counted someone with multiple accounts as one person,” Facebook explained in a blog post Monday. # ⚓ The_terrifying_expansion_of_Sweden’s state_surveillance⠀⇛ Next, the Swedish parliament passed a hugely problematic law that gave the police and security service the ability to hack into people’s phones to collect evidence or even in certain circumstances prevent “serious crimes”. It also gave the prosecutor discretion to approve these hacking warrants, which would only later be referred to a court for oversight. However, if the court finds that such a warrant was unlawful then the evidence, that was gathered under the prosecutor’s approval, cannot be used to make a case. Thus, the suspects’ privacy would be violated without a legitimate reason. Now, the Swedish government has proposed changes to the so called “FRA-law” (National Defense Radio Establishment or henceforth shortened to FRA), a law that gave the Swedish intelligence service the authority to conduct surveillance on any cable traffic passing Swedish borders. After years of litigation by the non- profit “Center for justice”, the European Court of Human Rights in a judgement earlier this year, declared several objections to the law as presently written. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Imagine_a_World_With_US-China_Cooperation⠀⇛ On September 10, 2021, during an important diplomatic meeting that occurred by telephone, U.S. President Joseph Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping affirmed the necessity of a better relationship between their two nations.  According to the official Chinese summary, Xi said that “when China and the United States cooperate, the two countries and the world will benefit; when China and the United States are in confrontation, the two countries and the world will suffer.”  He added:  “Getting the relationship right is . . . something we must do and must do well.” # ⚓ Navy_engineer_accused_of_trying_to_pass_intel_in_peanut butter_sandwich⠀⇛ On June 26, FBI agents watched Toebbe leave what was alleged to be an SD card that had been wrapped in plastic and placed in a peanut butter sandwich at a “dead drop” location in West Virginia, according to the complaint. During a separate drop, he used a Band-Aid wrapper and a plastic bag to hide an SD card, it says. # ⚓ Trump’s_Coup_Attempt_Is_Far_From_Finished⠀⇛ There was a vibrant conversation after Trump incited the deadly insurrection on January 6 about holding him to account based on Section 3 of the 14th Amendment, which was enacted after the Civil War in order to address the treason of former Confederates. That section of the Constitution states that anyone who, “having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States…to support the Constitution of the United States, [and then] shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof,” is prohibited from holding office. # ⚓ Jammu_and_Kashmir:_Killing_of_civilians_sparks_militancy fear⠀⇛ The spate of targeted killings has triggered widespread fear, especially among the minority communities of Kashmir, which has seen a decades- long armed insurgency against Delhi. Many Hindu families are now leaving the tense region, leading to comparisons with the situation in the 1990s. # ⚓ Ex-Muslim_Reveals_What_the_Qur’an_Says_About_Moderate Muslims⠀⇛ Unfortunately, as we see from the Islamic texts themselves, it is the orthodox Muslims, such as the Taliban, who can quite justifiably call moderate Muslims hypocrites and treat them with disdain and worse. As the world has just witnessed in the late Summer of 2021, tens of thousands of moderate Muslims are desperately trying to escape Afghanistan as the entire country threatens to fall back into Sharia rule at the hands of the Taliban. # ⚓ Only_one_of_us_drank_alcohol,_Kwara_Madrasa_students_react to_brutal_flogging⠀⇛ The Kwara State Government has, however, stepped into the matter. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Unite_Human_Rights_and_Environmental_Policies,_130+_Groups Tell_Global_Leaders⠀⇛ Securing “a just, equitable, and ecologically healthy world for all” necessitates including human rights in climate and environmental policies, over 130 global civil society groups declared in an open letter to world leaders released Monday. The letter was signed by Indigenous-led organizations from the Global South like the Articulação dos Povos Indígenas do Brasil (APIB) and groups from the Global North like Friends of the Earth International. Dozens of individual experts like former United Nations special rapporteur on human rights and the environment John H. Knox are also signatories. # ⚓ Indigenous_Coalition_Tells_Biden_Communities_Need_Clean Water_and_Climate_Action⠀⇛ # ⚓ 24_More_Nations_Join_Global_Methane_Pledge_Welcomed_as ‘Great_Start’_But_Inadequate⠀⇛ Experts on Monday cautiously welcomed announcements that another 24 nations have joined a U.S.- and European Union-led initiative to voluntarily slash methane emissions 30% from 2020 levels by the end of the decade, while climate campaigners underscored earlier assertions that much greater reductions are essential to combating the climate emergency. “Cutting methane pollution is the fastest opportunity we have to help avert our most acute climate risks, including crop loss, wildfires, extreme weather, and rising sea levels.” # ⚓ Ahead_of_UK-Hosted_Climate_Summit,_Oil_Critics_Arrested_for Blockade_Outside_Downing_Street⠀⇛ The Metropolitan Police arrested at least seven Greenpeace activists in London on Monday for disrupting traffic outside Downing Street by locking themselves to barrels and a 12-foot oil- splattered statue of U.K. Prime Minister Boris Johnson. “Johnson must stop Cambo, and instead prioritize a just transition to renewable energy to protect consumers, workers, and the climate from future shocks.” # ⚓ Opinion_|_‘Code_Red’_for_Climate_Means_Reducing_US_Oil_and Gas_Production_Now⠀⇛ This summer, the report from the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned that keeping the increase in global temperature under 2 degrees Celsius would be “beyond reach” without “immediate, rapid and large-scale” reductions in global warming emissions. UN Secretary General António Guterres called it “code red for humanity.” # ⚓ Climate_Science_Denial_Group_Rebrands_as_‘Net_Zero_Watch’⠀⇛ The UK’s most prominent climate science denial group has launched a new anti-net zero campaign to oppose the government’s green policies, a move experts dubbed the “latest tactic” from the “same old climate change deniers”, warning the public not to be “fooled” by the rebrand.  The “Net Zero Watch” website was unveiled today with the stated aim of discussing the “serious implications of expensive and poorly considered climate change policies”.  # ⚓ Indigenous_People_With_Disabilities_Are_on_the_Front_Lines of_the_Climate_Crisis⠀⇛ # ⚓ Biden_Needs_to_Do_More_Than_Sound_the_Alarm_on_Climate⠀⇛ Like many world leaders, President Joe Biden is running out of metaphors to sound the alarm about our climate crisis—and we are running out of time. When he toured the damage on the East Coast from Tropical Storm Ida, he declared that we are at “code red.” Weeks later, appearing before the United Nations’ General Assembly, he warned that we are “fast approaching a point of no return.” # ⚓ The_Fight_Against_Extinction_Requires_Biocultural Restoration⠀⇛ # ⚓ A_Quarter_of_All_‘Critical’_US_Infrastructure_at_Risk_From Flooding:_Report⠀⇛ Underscoring the need to slash greenhouse gas emissions and invest in public goods to better prepare communities across the United States for escalating extreme weather, a new report released Monday finds that one-quarter of the nation’s “critical” infrastructure is already susceptible to flooding that renders it inaccessible, with risks projected to increase in the coming decades. Described as the first-ever nationwide evaluation of community-level vulnerability to flooding, the report—Infrastructure on the Brink, compiled by the First Street Foundation, a nonprofit research group that specializes in environmental risk assessment—highlights localities where housing, commercial real estate, transportation networks, schools, hospitals, power plants, and other pieces of infrastructure face operational flood risk in 2021. # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Red_Nation_Slams_Cooptation_of_Indigenous Peoples’_Day_Amid_Global_Colonial_Resource_Extraction⠀⇛ We continue our look at Indigenous Peoples’ Day with Jennifer Marley, a citizen of San Ildefonso Pueblo and a member of the grassroots Indigenous liberation organization The Red Nation, which helped lead a campaign in 2015 to officially recognize Indigenous Peoples’ Day in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Marley slams President Biden’s formal recognition of Indigenous Peoples’ Day as a federal holiday and discusses how Native lands are disproportionately used for resource extraction and how The Red Nation connects their local struggles to international decolonization campaigns, as well. # ⚓ From_Columbus_to_Enbridge:_Colonial_Exploitation Continues⠀⇛ Maybe President Joe Biden will think about this one and stop the dirty oil from burning our rivers and air. The Indian wars could be over. After all, no one needs this pipeline, plus it’s the dirtiest and most expensive oil in the world to extract and produce. In one narrative, the Canadian corporation won. Columbus conquered anew, proof that might and money remain the rulers. # ⚓ Seven_in_Ten_Major_UK_Pension_Funds_Yet_To_Make ‘Robust’_Net_Zero_Commitment,_Say_Campaigners⠀⇛ Nearly £2 trillion is invested in UK pension schemes that are failing to tackle climate change, campaigners have claimed. A review of major pension funds by divestment campaign group Make My Money Matter found 71 of 100 are yet to detail concrete plans to reach net zero emissions by 2050. # ⚓ ‘Biden,_Can_You_Hear_Us_Now?’_Ask_Indigenous_Leaders Amid_Arrests_at_Fossil_Fuel_Protest⠀⇛ More than 130 Native American Earth protectors were arrested in Washington, D.C. Monday, while others were blasted with sonic weaponry as tribal leaders and members from across the continent they call Turtle Island gathered on Indigenous Peoples’ Day to protest Enbridge’s Line 3 pipeline and other oil and gas ventures backed by President Joe Biden, and to call on his administration to halt all fossil fuel projects and declare a climate emergency. “People are dying right now from the pollutants, the toxins, the climate catastrophes that are happening, and we have to stop the harm.” # ⚓ ‘The_Burning_of_Fossil_Fuels_Is_Killing_Us,’_WHO Warns_in_COP_26_Report⠀⇛ Looking toward the United Nations summit scheduled for the end of the month, a top U.N. agency on Monday released a report that makes a “health argument for climate action” and calls on governments and policymakers to urgently tackle the emergency. “Protecting people’s health from climate change requires transformational action in every sector.” # ⚓ “People_vs._Fossil_Fuels’’:_Winona_LaDuke_&_Mass Protests_Call_on_Biden_to_Stop_Line_3_Pipeline⠀⇛ In response to the completion of the contested Line 3 pipeline, which is now reportedly operational, thousands of Indigenous leaders and climate justice advocates are kicking off the “People vs. Fossil Fuels’’ mobilization, an Indigenous- led five-day action of civil disobedience at the White House to demand President Biden declare a climate emergency, divest from fossil fuels and launch a “just renewable energy revolution.” “This pipeline doesn’t respect treaty rights,” says Winona LaDuke, longtime Indigenous activist and founder of Honor the Earth, a platform to raise awareness of and money for Indigenous struggles for environmental justice. “They’re just trying to continue their egregious behavior. It’s so tragic that, on the one hand, the Biden administration is like, ’We’re going to have Indigenous Peoples’ Day, but we’re still going to smash you in northern Minnesota and smash the rest of the country.’” LaDuke faces criminal charges linked to her protest of pipelines in three different counties. # ⚓ Iran’s_Power_Company_Warns_Of_Cuts_Due_To_Illegal Cryptocurrency_Mining⠀⇛ Illegal cryptocurrency mining will account for at least “10 percent of electricity outages this winter”, the power company said in an October 10 statement published by the official government news agency IRNA. Such illegal mining was responsible for 20 percent of blackouts over the summer, the statement added. Iranian officials have repeatedly blamed unlicensed cryptocurrency miners for using vast amounts of electricity — draining the power grid and raising air pollution levels in many cities. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Infrastructure_Bill_Would_Help_Protect_Bees and_Butterflies⠀⇛ The insect world’s version of the ultramarathon is now taking place across the United States. Monarch butterflies have started their journey to the groves where they’ll spend the winter. Monarchs west of the Rocky Mountains have a long trip to the California coast before them, while eastern monarchs have a hefty 3,000-mile trek to the forests of Mexico. # ⚓ Do_dogs_miss_us_when_we_are_gone?_A_“talking”_dog offers_insights⠀⇛ Recently the beloved sheepadoodle has been concerning herself with the absence of people and animals in her life. And to answer the question about animals missing us when they are gone: if they are anything like Bunny, it would seem that yes, they are very curious about where we go when we leave. # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ Afghans_Are_Facing_Severe_Economic_and_Food_Crises Following_Taliban_Takeover⠀⇛ # ⚓ Clean_Water_for_Nearly_10_Million_People_Threatened by_Red_Sea’s_Aging_Oil_Tanker:_Study⠀⇛ An abandoned supertanker holding more than one million barrels of crude oil has been slowly corroding off Yemen’s coast, and a new study out Monday warns that the consequences of an “imminent” spill in the Red Sea could be graver than initially thought—cutting off access to clean water and food aid for millions of people in a matter of days and completely decimating the region’s fishing stocks within three weeks. “The Safer… threatens environmental catastrophe to a country presently in a humanitarian crisis.” o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Care_Movement_Fights_Back_Against_Cuts_to_Biden’s Historic_Home_Care_Plan⠀⇛ Rodriguez, who has cerebral palsy, explained that the profit motive, combined with a misconception that so-called “fragile” people like himself are incapable of living normal lives, has led to severe underfunding of home and community-based services for the elderly and disabled. “They’d rather have us locked up in nursing homes,” he said. # ⚓ A_Mixed_Jobs_Report⠀⇛ The Establishment Survey is Not as Bad as it First Appears It is not clear that the weak story in the establishment survey should be seen as primarily a demand issue. First, private sector employment rose by a respectable 317,000, which follows a sharp upward revision to the August number to 332,000. The biggest surprise in this report is a drop of 123,000 in state and local government employment, putting the September level 874,000 below the pre- pandemic level. This drop, following weak growth in August, is hard to understand since most schools are open and state and local governments are mostly in decent fiscal shape. # ⚓ Sportswashing_at_Tyneside:_Saudi_Arabia_Moves_into_English Football⠀⇛ In The Guardian, Barney Ronay was less enthusiastic, notably at the appearance of the House of Saud in English football.  “Welcome, Mohammed bin Salman, to the billionaire boys club.  No need to wipe your feet.  Although maybe, on reflection, do wash your hands.  Those damned spots, eh?” Hatice Cengiz, fiancée of the Saudi dissident journalist Jamal Khashoggi so brutally carved up in his country’s Istanbul consulate in October 2018, spoke of her heartbreak.  It was “a real shame for Newcastle and for English football” that the club was now in the hands of “the person responsible for the murder of Jamal.” # ⚓ ‘We_Can_Do_All_of_It’:_Jayapal_Urges_Biden_to_Push_for_at Least_$3_Trillion⠀⇛ Rep. Pramila Jayapal of Washington is urging her fellow congressional Democrats and President Joe Biden to agree on at least $3 trillion in safety- net and climate spending in their emerging reconciliation package, a push that comes as right- wing lawmakers are attempting to water down the package and strip it of key progressive priorities. “We are fighting for something that will benefit the entire country.” # ⚓ Opinion_|_Build_Back_Better_Legislation:_New_Keynesianism or_Neoliberal_Public_Relations_Stunt?⠀⇛ For more than a week the country has been caught up in the ongoing melodrama of the “Build Back Better” (BBB) legislation, the Democrat Party’s “social investment” bill now languishing in the House because of the inability of the Democrats to come to an agreement. The fight is characterized by the corporate media as an intra-party struggle between the emerging “progressive/left” pole of the Party and the “center,” represented by the recalcitrant neoliberal corporate Democrats in the persons of Senators Joe Manchin from West Virginia and Kyrsten Sinema from Arizona.  o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Long_Shadow_of_Anita_Hill’s_Testimony⠀⇛ It’s been 30 years since professor Anita Hill raised her hand and swore to tell the truth to the US Senate Committee on the Judiciary about the harassment she experienced while working at the nation’s leading agency against workplace discrimination. It was damning testimony on the nomination of Judge Clarence Thomas to serve on the US Supreme Court. His nomination by President George H.W. Bush to fill the vacancy left by Justice Thurgood Marshall’s retirement had alarmed some civil rights leaders even before Hill bravely came forward. # ⚓ Never_Forget⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hungarian-Style_Soft_Fascism_is_the_GOP’s_Ruthless_New Brand⠀⇛ The problem with the old fascism was that it was too brutal and militaristic: it offended voters’ democratic sensibilities, killed way too many people, and caused nearby nations to respond militarily to its perceived threat. This softer and gentler system, neofascism, still employs many of the same political and rhetorical tools old-fashioned fascists used to gain power, including white supremacy, ultranationalism, and a general embrace of neoliberal crony capitalism. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Uncivil_Politics⠀⇛ The tension between progressives and “Centrists” has broken out, once again, in the open as the Left is pressuring and demanding that so-called “moderates” stop their obstruction of a much needed (and already compromised) 3.5 trillion “build back better” human infrastructure plan. While many in the media may dismiss this as typical Washington Beltway drama, it actually reflects deeper political anger at politicians from both Parties whose actual allegiance is to economic elites. This frustration has boiled over and taken almost surreal turns as recently immigration activists followed Senator Kyrsten Sinema into the bathroom to protest her blockage of the bill for reasons that appear to less with any serious ideological objection and more in pleasing the corporate donor base. # ⚓ An_Empty_Building_with_a_Tattered_Flag:_Palestinians_Have No_Voice_in_Washington⠀⇛ In January of 2021 Reuters reported on “U.S. President Joe Biden’s plan to work to reopen the Palestinians’ diplomatic mission in Washington.” The office was closed down by then-President Donald Trump almost 25 years to the day after the signing of the Oslo Accords at the White House. The report mentions some of the legal and political hurdles that stand in the way of this plan, many of which were put in place during the Trump administration precisely for the purpose of preventing the mission’s reopening. # ⚓ Awakening:_Martin_Luther_King_and_the_Poor_People’s Campaign⠀⇛ The history of ethnic- or identity- based politics has long been a long one in the United States going back to the ethnocultural (ethnic, religious and racial identity) politics of the 19th century. Identity- based politics resurfaced in the 1960s with the Black Panther Party (BPP) (originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense), a Black Power political organization founded by college students Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton in 1966. In the 1970s, identity politics were seen with the Black feminist socialist group, Combahee River Collective, and spread with the LGBT movements of the 1980s. Today ‘wokism’ is associated with identity-based groups such as Black Lives Matter (BLM). # ⚓ How_Trump_Might_Save_the_Democrats⠀⇛ Trump’s speech in Iowa Saturday night suggests we’re already in the gravitational field of the 2024 midterms. But in making that speech mostly about himself, Trump may have given Democrats more leeway to do what Americans – including most Trump supporters – need them to do. # ⚓ E-voting_glitch_which_gave_first_900_voters_inaccurate information_fixed⠀⇛ E-voting in Estonian local government council elections began on Monday morning at 9 a.m., but with the online voting application displaying an erroneous message to voters which stated that only a test vote had been cast. This glitch has now been removed and the 900 votes cast properly registered, the State Electoral Office (VVK) says, while those using the system can in any case re-cast their e- vote during advance voting. # ⚓ Facebook_whistleblower_Frances_Haugen_to_speak_to_its Oversight_Board⠀⇛ “I have accepted the invitation to brief the Facebook Oversight Board about what I learned while working there,” Haugen tweeted. “Facebook has lied to the board repeatedly, and I am looking forward to sharing the truth with them.” o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ Throttling_free_speech_is_not_the_way_to_fix_Facebook_and other_social_media⠀⇛ But before we embrace a new “ministry of information” model to protect us from dangerous viewpoints, we may want to consider what we would lose in this Faustian free-speech bargain. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Some_School_Districts_Are_Banning_Pride_Flags_as_Political Speech⠀⇛ # ⚓ Iranian_women_on_TV_banned_from_eating_pizza_because_it’s too_provocative⠀⇛ Iranian authorities in recent weeks released broadcasting guidelines that ban women from eating pizzas and sandwiches on-screen under new rules set by the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). The latest wave of censorship rules banned TV producers in the Islamic Republic from showing women eating certain foods and wearing leather gloves on screen, as per new guidelines to broadcasters and filmmakers, following a recent audit. # ⚓ Tanzania_police_arrest_cartoonist,_journalists_on cybercrime_and_illegal_assembly_allegations⠀⇛ Fwema was arrested days after publishing on his Instagram page a political cartoon that was critical of President Samia Suluhu Hassan, according to those sources. # ⚓ In_France_“justice”_serves_Islamism⠀⇛ In an investigation in the weekly Marianne we read that at the opening of the Great Mosque with Tatai they were all there, the mayor of Toulouse, the president of the Occitan region, the prefect and the president of the Islamic Council of Algeria, which financed the mosque with six million euros. Well, the Toulouse court has just cleared the imam of “incitement to hatred”. # ⚓ Australia_mulls_measures_making_social_media_giants responsible_for_defamatory_postings⠀⇛ The country’s highest court ruled last month that publishers can be held liable for public comments on online forums, a judgement that has pitted Facebook and news organisations against each other. It also spread alarm among all sectors that engage with the public via social media and, in turn, has lent new urgency to an ongoing review of Australia’s defamation laws. # ⚓ [Old] Facebook_or_Twitter_posts_can_now_be_quietly_modified by_the_government_under_new_surveillance_laws⠀⇛ A new law gives Australian police unprecedented powers for online surveillance, data interception and altering data. These powers, outlined in the Surveillance Legislation Amendment (Identify and Disrupt) Bill, raise concerns over potential misuse, privacy and security. The bill updates the Surveillance Devices Act 2004 and Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979. In essence, it allows law-enforcement agencies or authorities (such as the Australian Federal Police and the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission) to modify, add, copy or delete data when investigating serious online crimes. # ⚓ Exiled_journalist_establishes_publishing_house_to_print books_banned_in_Turkey⠀⇛ Can Dündar, a Turkish journalist living in exile, has said a publishing house has been established in Germany to print books that have been censored or banned in Turkey at a time when the country faces growing criticism for limiting free speech and silencing dissent, Turkish Minute reported. o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Katrina_vanden_Heuvel_on_Nobel_Peace_Prize_Winner_Dmitry Muratov’s_Fight_for_Press_Freedom_in_Russia⠀⇛ The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Russian independent journalist Dmitry Muratov and Filipina journalist Maria Ressa for “their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression.” Muratov runs the independent newspaper Novaya Gazeta, which has lost more journalists to murder than any other Russian news outlet. Katrina vanden Heuvel, editor-in-chief of The Nation and reporter on Russia for the last 30 years, recounts the trajectory of Muratov’s career, noting his newspaper’s humble beginnings and his unexpected rise to becoming an advocate for freedom of the press. “Investigative journalism in Russia today is very dangerous,” says vanden Heuvel. Despite the danger, van Heuvel says that Novaya readership is skyrocketing with younger journalists lining up to work at the newspaper. # ⚓ You’re_Torturing_Me⠀⇛ These days of le théâtre de l’absurde in the round anything seems to go. If Jan 6 is any indicator, we’ve totally lost the plot.  It would have been more interesting if they had succeeded — just to see what they were really up to, after the moping stopped, and Nancy was stripped of her insider trading portfolio conveniently lodged in her stolen podium. Imagine that Howl Head with the horns really in charge. Instead, we’re forced against our wills, held down by the MSM and made to believe, kicking and screaming against, that what happened on Jan 6 was serious enough to warrant adult attention.  When, in fact, it was about as interesting as a Road Runner episode with styrofoam anvils — beep! beep! no real danger to Democracy. Sanity maybe. And speaking of adults and torture trauma, Mary Powers, through the Everlys, made me think of the 2014 Torture Report [here it is again, in case you didn’t around to it], of all things, like I got time for that kind of madness these days.  A film, The Report, was put out, too. Essentially, they both said that the US Senate believes that EIT are forms of torture, and that it doesn’t work, and produced no useful intel to prevent further 9/11 attacks.  Senator Feinstein even went so far as to aver, arms akimbo, “If it works, why do we need to do it 183 times?” Crickets. # ⚓ Daniel_Ellsberg_On_The_CIA_Plan_To_Kidnap_And_Possibly_Kill Julian_Assange,_The_End_Of_The_Afghanistan_Occupation,_And The_Ongoing_Us_Drone_War⠀⇛ Ellsberg’s subsequent trial on 12 felony counts posing a possible sentence of some 115 years was dismissed in 1973 on the grounds of governmental misconduct against him, leading to the convictions of several White House aides and figuring in the impeachment proceedings against President Richard Nixon. Now in his 90’s, Dan Ellsberg is front and center in the battle to free Wikileaks founder Julian Assange. We spoke to Ellsberg on the heels of the troubling revelations that the US CIA was considering kidnapping and even killing Assange. Dennis: Good to speak to you again Dan. Let’s start with this: Why do you think the former CIA Director under Donald Trump thought that it might be necessary not only to kidnap, to maybe kill, Julian Assange? Why did they find him so dangerous? # ⚓ Key_witness_in_Assange_case_jailed_in_Iceland_after admitting_to_lies_and_ongoing_crime_spree⠀⇛ “Last week we learned of the CIA plan to kidnap or kill Assange in the centre of London and now the key witness of the US prosecution against him is in prison for serial offences – the same person that a few weeks ago confirmed in interviews that the elements in the indictment against Julian where he was the only witness, were total fabrications. The case against Assange should be dropped and under no circumstances, given recent revelations, can the UK extradite him.” # ⚓ Does_Canada_consider_WikiLeaks_a_terrorist_group,_Chelsea Manning’s_lawyer_asks_at_immigration_hearing⠀⇛ Manning’s lawyers, Joshua Blum and Lex Gill, argued the charges she was convicted of in the United States are not equivalent to the criminal offences in Canada that the government used as the basis for banning Manning from the country. Canadian law declares it an offence to share damaging government secrets to a foreign entity or to a terrorist group, unlike U.S. laws that do not care who receives the information for a finding of guilt. # ⚓ 2021_Nobel_Peace_Prize_–_“an_extraordinary_tribute_to journalism,”_says_RSF⠀⇛ “We extend our warmest congratulations to the two winners, who embody the fight for journalistic independence,” RSF secretary-general Christophe Deloire said. “This prize is an extraordinary tribute to journalism and a mobilisation appeal, because this decade will be absolutely decisive for journalism. It is a powerful message at a time when democracies are being undermined by the spread of fake news and hate speech.” # ⚓ When_Nobel_Peace_Prize_winner_Maria_Ressa_appeared_at_the Atlantic_Council⠀⇛ Citing Ressa’s work for the news site Rappler—which she co-founded in 2012 and leads as CEO—the committee praised her organization’s coverage of the “controversial, murderous anti-drug campaign” by Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte’s government. Russian journalist Dmitry Muratov, who founded investigative newspaper Novaya Gazeta, was also awarded. Before Friday’s historic moment, Ressa appeared at the Atlantic Council on numerous occasions to share her thoughts about journalism in the age of disinformation and new-age dictatorship. # ⚓ Indian_TV_reporter_found_dead_after_covering_violence_at farmers’_protest⠀⇛ Raman Kashyap, who often worked for Sadhna Prime News TV, disappeared after the protest in Lakhimpur Kheri district turned violent and he was not located until his family found his body in a morgue the next day. The violence erupted when Ajay Kumar Mishra, a local politician who is minister of state in the federal ministry of home affairs, arrived with a convoy of cars, three of which drove into a crowd of protesters who were blocking their way, crushing several people. Kashyap was reportedly injured at this time in circumstances that are still unclear, and died shortly thereafter. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_US_Must_Stop_Backing_Regimes_That_Displace Indigenous_Peoples_From_Their_Homelands⠀⇛ On this Indigenous Peoples’ Day, I want to tell you about my people, the Garifuna. We’re an Afro- Indigenous people, descended from Arawaks and Africans. Our ancestral territory spans the Caribbean border of Central America. # ⚓ What_Are_We_to_Make_of_Columbus_Today?⠀⇛ I should admit at the outset that I am partially responsible for this new assessment of  Columbus, since my book The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy that came out in 1990 led a great many to take a second look at what the man was really like and what he really achieved.  It effectively knocked most of the wheels off the Sesquicentennial  bandwagon that I was hoping to ride to bestsellerdom. My essential point was that Columbus was responsible for a great achievement: the opening up of “the New World” to European invasion and the subsequent enrichment and empowerment of one small impoverished continent, “the greatest event since the creation of the world,” as Spanish historian Lopez de Gomara called it in 1552. The discovery enabled Europe to become the dominant society not only in the Americas but around the world, to develop the elements both political and social that provide the basic structures of modern civilization, and in the process enabling a vast exchange of biotic and animal life-forms, purposely and accidentally, more thoroughly than any time since the Permian, allowing one single species to dominate nature around the world as never before. # ⚓ Historian_Roxanne_Dunbar-Ortiz:_Indigenous_Peoples’_Day Shared_with_Columbus_Day_Is_a_“Contradiction”⠀⇛ President Biden has formally recognized Indigenous Peoples’ Day as a federal holiday, following a growing movement to debunk the myth of Christopher Columbus as a beneficent discoverer and replace it with recognition that the arrival of Columbus in the Bahamas unleashed a brutal genocide that massacred tens of millions of Native people across the hemisphere. But the holiday will continue to be shared with Columbus Day, which many argue glorifies the nation’s dark history of colonial genocide that killed millions of Native people. “It’s just not appropriate to celebrate Columbus and Indigenous peoples on the same day. It’s a contradiction,” says author and historian Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz. “Genocidal enslavement is what Columbus represents.” # ⚓ “They_Are_Throwing_New_Yorkers_Into_Cages_on_Rikers_Island in_Our_Name!”⠀⇛ On the night of Friday, Oct 1, New York State Assemblymember Emily Gallagher took a seat in the second wooden pew in the audience section of a quiet courtroom. She was there, along with fellow legislator State Senator Jabari Brisport, to observe “night court,” or the arraignments of people charged with crimes in Brooklyn Criminal Court. As people began to come before the judge in handcuffs, the legislators could hear screaming and crying coming from a room out of sight, to the right of where the judge sat. These were the screams of a man who was waiting to be arraigned—“a fitting soundtrack to our night,” Assemblymember Gallagher told me grimly. # ⚓ Someone_Else’s_Discomfort:_On_Gregg_Bordowitz⠀⇛ When I was growing up, I rarely thought about masculinity, which is one of the main privileges it affords. Back then, in the 1980s and ’90s, so long as you weren’t bad in some crass, pawing, physically aggressive way, you could consider yourself good. But the gradient of masculine identities seemed so basic and finite—from jock to nerd—that, to me, the only real option was to reject all of them, to embrace the absence of viable models. As a young Asian American, I thought of this as a natural response, given how many provinces of masculinity seemed to be permanently off limits. I could never imagine myself as a leading man or star athlete, and I remember feeling liberated when I accepted that as the case: My alternative to being brutish and gross was none of the above. # ⚓ A_Secretive_Counterterrorism_Team_Interrogated_Dozens_of Citizens_at_the_Border,_Government_Report_Finds⠀⇛ A new government report has revealed that a secretive counterterrorism team interrogated dozens of American activists and journalists at the border as part of the Trump administration’s sweeping response to fears about a large migrant “caravan” that was making its way to the United States’ southern border. # ⚓ Mandatory_Reporting_Can_Trigger_Investigation_Without Survivors’_Consent⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_US_Has_Used_Conservatorships_to_Exploit_Indigenous Peoples⠀⇛ # ⚓ Microcosms_of_Mayhem_&_Humanity:_Destroying_Black_&_Brown Lives_for_High-Rises_in_the_Nation’s_Capital⠀⇛ “Where that McDonald’s is right now,” he says pointing across the street. “That used to be a news stand where I’d buy comics as a kid.” Dumah Muhammad stands in Adams Morgan Plaza in Washington, D.C., a light drizzle misting a small crowd of supporters and press. A few people wrangle a tarp over the PA system and there’s a tent where folks can grab snacks, pamphlets, water and shelter. Five Metropolitan Police cars are parked alongside the plaza and just behind the plaza there’s a staging area stacked with fencing and mingling cops. # ⚓ Indigenous_Coalition_to_Biden:_Communities_Need_Clean_Water and_Climate_Action,_Not_‘Empty_Words’⠀⇛ On the heels of President Joe Biden’s proclamation formally marking Indigenous Peoples’ Day, a coalition of Indigenous and environmental leaders on Sunday delivered a blunt message to the White House: “We don’t need performative proclamations, our communities are dying.” “No proclamations needed until there is justice for the original stewards of these lands.” # ⚓ Sharia,_apostasy_and_the_Taliban⠀⇛ Christians who remain in Afghanistan are at risk of being hunted down and killed by the Taliban now that the Islamist group has regained control of the country and, on 7 September, announced the formation of a new government. The Christians of Afghanistan are first-generation converts who, along with their children, will be considered apostates (murtadd) from Islam. They are therefore, according to sharia (Islamic law), liable to the death penalty. # ⚓ Deb_Haaland,_Interior_Secretary,_on_Indian_Schools,_MMIW, and_Climate_Change⠀⇛ When I sat down to talk to Haaland on Zoom I wanted to know what this historic role meant to her — and how she planned to use it. Our conversation has been lightly edited for length and clarity. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Microsoft_Says_Pact_Lets_Ex-Amazon_Executive_Begin_New Role⠀⇛ Former Amazon.com Inc. cloud computing executive Charlie Bell began his new role Monday working on cybersecurity issues at Microsoft Corp. after the rival companies resolved a dispute regarding the limits of his job, Microsoft said. # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ ‘Reckless’:_Doctors_Without_Borders_Slams_US_for Hoarding_500_Million_Vaccine_Doses⠀⇛ The humanitarian group Doctors Without Borders unveiled a new report Monday estimating that the United States is hoarding nearly 500 million excess coronavirus vaccine doses—the most of any country—as poor nations across the globe remain without sufficient access to lifesaving shots. “The rapid redistribution of these doses to low- and middle-income countries could save nearly one million lives by mid-2022.” # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ VPN_Service_‘Agrees’_to_Block_BitTorrent_and_Keep Logs_to_Settle_Piracy_Lawsuit_(Updated)⠀⇛ VPN.ht has settled a copyright infringement lawsuit filed by a group of independent movie companies earlier this year. As part of the deal, the VPN agreed to block all BitTorrent traffic and log IP-address information on its US servers. While this a controversial order, VPN.ht says that users are still protected as the company will stop using US servers. # ⚓ Don’t_Believe_Nitro_IPTV_‘Lies’,_We_Need_Access_to Their_Millions,_Hollywood_Says⠀⇛ Members of the Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment have filed a scathing response following Nitro TV’s attempt to have the lawsuit against it dismissed. Using words including “lies” and “laughable”, the ACE members are doubling down, demanding information that will help them gain access to millions of dollars in revenue generated by the pirate IPTV service. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4924 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.12.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_12/10/2021:_Qubes_4.1_RC_and_Kdenlive_21.08.2⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 11:32 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Powerful_Linux_laptop_RTX_3080_Kubuntu_Focus_Gen_3_M2 workstation⠀⇛ Kubuntu Focus has this week unveiled a new addition to their range of Linux mobile workstations with the introduction of the 3rd generation M2 Linux laptop powered by Intel 11th generation Core i7- 11800H with RTX 3080 and RTX 3070 variations. “The M2 makes quick work of the most demanding tasks and outperforms nearly all thin-and-light laptops. Run GPU-accelerated AI immediately with the included Deep Learning Suite. Accelerate TensorFlow jobs from 8 hours to less than 15 minutes. Render Blender scenes 10x faster with NVIDIA RTX Optix. All with unmatched Linux-first optimization and support.” The third-generation M2 performance is provided by the 8-core, 16-thread i7-11800H CPU supported by high-quality 3200 MHz RAM offering improvement of 19 and 29% this generation say the engineers at Kubuntu Focus. Users can install up to 64 GB of Dual Channel DDR4 3200 MHz and each system also has an integrated GPU to conserve power and video RAM when you need it. The Intel Irix Xe 32EU iGPU has twice the performance of the previous generation. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Late_Night_Linux_–_Episode_146_–_Late_Night_Linux⠀⇛ Mozilla disappoints again, a beacon of hope in the mobile world, whether the future of the Internet really is a dystopian nightmare, and the usual KDE goodness in the Korner. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_Developers_Push_Urgent_Patches_To_Fix_‘Yet_Another Hardware_Trainwreck’_|_HotHardware⠀⇛ Accurate timers are critical to the function of the low-level parts of the underlying code that drives the user-facing software we actually use in our daily lives. Fortunately, x86-64 PCs include numerous timers. Actually selecting which of those timers to use in a given scenario, however, can be a headache due to bugs, design flaws or implementation issues. The preferred timer on most modern machines should be the High-Precision Event Timer, or HPET. Sadly, that’s not always the case on recent Intel hardware. Back in 2019, Linux started disabling the HPET on Coffee Lake and Ice Lake-based Intel platforms, owing to problems with the timers’ accuracy when the system enters the PC10 low-power state (part of the “S0ix” states introduced with Haswell. Remember when companies started selling “Haswell-ready” power supplies?) # ⚓ The_latest_Linux_release_candidate_helps_circumvent_a hardware_disaster_|_TechRadar⠀⇛ An urgent set of patches for the latest release candidate (RC) of the under-development Linux v5.15 kernel reportedly helped the popular open source kernel avert what’s described as a “hardware trainwreck”. Phoronix caught hold of last minute urgent updates sent hours before Linus Torvalds, the kernel’s principle developer, was to put out the fifth RC of the upcoming kernel. The patch was added by longtime kernel developer Thomas Gleixner who described it as “yet another attempt at fixing the never-ending saga of botched x86 timers…” # ⚓ Intel_Posts_Latest_DG2/Alchemist_Linux_Patches_In_Requiring 64K_Page_Size_Handling_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ While Linux 5.15 brings very early bits around DG2/ Alchemist graphics card support, further work is needed to bring it into usable shape for end-users. The latest new patch series to be posted came out today with more driver changes needed around local device memory handling for DG2. New with DG2 is that the hardware only is supporting 64K page sizes and larger. The i915 device memory for DG2 and future discrete graphics can only support 64K or larger for the GTT page size even if using say 4K for the kernel page size on x86_64 systems. # ⚓ Linux_x86_FPU_Code_Getting_Reworked_In_Preparation_For Intel_AMX_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ It’s been one year now that Intel has been posting Linux kernel patches to enable AMX support for upcoming Sapphire Rapids processors. Over the past year their Linux kernel patches for enabling Advanced Matrix Extensions has gone through 11 rounds of review but that journey isn’t over yet. o § Benchmarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Intel_Tiger_Lake_Performance_Across_Five_Autumn_2021_Linux Distributions⠀⇛ Earlier this month were benchmarks looking at how Intel Tiger Lake performance has improved from Ubuntu 21.04 to Ubuntu 21.10, but how does Canonical’s latest Linux offering compete with other autumn 2021 distributions? In this article from the Dell XPS Core i7-1165G7 Tiger Lake notebook are benchmarks of Ubuntu 21.10 going up against Arch Linux, Clear Linux, Fedora Workstation 35, and openSUSE Tumbleweed for getting an idea how the performance compares with this latest- generation Intel EVO notebook. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Multiboot_USB_Creator_Ventoy_Adds_a_GUI_Mode_to_Its_Live ISO_Image⠀⇛ If you haven’t heard of Ventoy before, let me tell that it’s a recently new bootable USB creation solution that works just by copying the image files of the operating systems you want to have a flash drive without formatting it over and over. There are many great tools out there to create multiboot USB drivers, but Ventoy makes it easier than ever and supports almost all known GNU/Linux distributions, as well as Windows OSes up to Windows 11, Chrome OS, BSD, and other UNIX systems. # ⚓ An_alternative_search_tool_for_LibreOffice_Writer⠀⇛ AltSearch offers extended functionality to LibreOffice Write’s default find and replace tools, making it the ideal for editing and formatting longer documents. Few features in a word processor are less glamorous than a search tool. That is, until you do some intensive editing, especially if your revisions include reformatting. Then you will be thankful for a full featured tool. In the case of LibreOffice Writer, the available tools are barely adequate, which is why I recommend the Alternative Find & Replace for Writer extension, also known as AltSearch. Like all LibreOffice extensions, AltSearch is easily installed. Just download it from the LibreOffice extension site, and open Tools | Extension Manager. The next time you start Writer, AltSearch appears as a menu item in addition to an icon with green binoculars in the upper left corner of the toolbar. You can understand the need for AltSearch by examining the default search tools in Writer. Edit | Find is a simple field similar to the ones found in many web browsers. It is suitable for finding words and phrases, but its options are strictly limited. You can search backward or forward from your present location in a document, find all, or match case — and that’s all (Figure 1). # ⚓ Arkime_3.1_network_traffic_indexing_system_is_available_– itsfoss.net⠀⇛ The release of the system for capturing, storing and indexing network packets Arkime 3.1 has been prepared , which provides tools for visually assessing traffic flows and searching for information related to network activity. The project was originally developed by AOL with the goal of creating an open and deployable replacement for commercial network packet processing platforms on its servers , capable of scalable to handle traffic at speeds of tens of gigabits per second. The traffic capture component code is written in C, and the interface is implemented in Node.js / JavaScript. The source code is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license. Work in Linux and FreeBSD is supported. Ready packages are prepared for Arch, CentOS and Ubuntu. Arkime includes tools for capturing and indexing traffic in native PCAP format, and provides tools for quick access to indexed data. The use of the PCAP format greatly simplifies integration with existing traffic analyzers such as Wireshark. The amount of stored data is limited only by the size of the available disk array. Session metadata is indexed in a cluster based on the Elasticsearch engine . # ⚓ High-performance_embedded_DBMS_libmdbx_0.10.4_and_libfpta 0.3.9_released_–_itsfoss.net⠀⇛ The libmdbx 0.10.4 (MDBX) libraries have been released with the implementation of a high- performance compact embedded database of the key- value class, and the linked library libfpta 0.3.9 (FPTA), which implements a table view of data with secondary and composite indexes on top of MDBX. Both libraries are distributed under OSI approved licenses . All current operating systems and architectures are supported, as well as the Russian Elbrus 2000. Historically, libmdbx is a deep reworking of the LMDB DBMS and surpasses its predecessor in reliability, feature set, and performance. Compared to LMDB, libmdbx places a lot of emphasis on code quality, API stability, testing, and automated checks. A utility for checking the integrity of the database structure is supplied with some recovery options. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ How_To_Install_Jitsi_Meet_on_Debian_11_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Jitsi Meet on Debian 11. For those of you who didn’t know, Jitsi Meet is a free and open-source video conferencing service solution packed with various premium features, such as superior sound quality, high-grade encryption and privacy, and universal multi-platform availability. Jitsi Meet supports multi-platform applications for the web platform, Windows, Linux, Mac OS, and Android. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the Jitsi Meet on a Debian 11 (Bullseye). # ⚓ How_To_Install_Stacer_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Stacer on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Stacer is a great application that will help us optimize and monitor our Linux system. It comes with a beautiful graphical user interface (GUI) dashboard that displays the state of your CPU, Memory as well as Disk, and many others. I often use this application to see info about running computer systems, delete repositories, delete cache, and many others. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Stacer Linux optimizer and monitoring tool on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Opera_Browser_Stable,_Beta,_or_Developer_on Linux_Mint_20_–_LinuxCapable⠀⇛ Opera is a freeware, cross-platform web browser developed by Opera Software and operates as a Chromium-based browser. Opera offers a clean, modern web browser that is an alternative to the other major players in the Browser race. Its famous Opera Turbo mode and its renowned battery saving mode are the best amongst all known web browsers by quite a margin, along with a built-in VPN and much more. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Opera Browser on Linux Mint 20. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Zoom_Ubuntu_and_Debian_Derivatives⠀⇛ Zoom Meetings is a proprietary video teleconferencing software program developed by Zoom Video Communications. The free plan allows up to 100 concurrent participants, with a 40-minute time restriction. Users have the option to upgrade by subscribing to a paid plan. In this guide we are going to explore how to install Zoom Client on Ubuntu and Debian derivatives like Debian, Kubuntu and Elementary or Linux Mint. You can easily download Zoom on your PC to start video conferencing with your colleagues and friends around the world. Zoom offers remote conferencing services including video calls, online meetings, and collaborative tasks. Zoom is free to use but does offer paid subscriptions which offer additional features. # ⚓ How_to_install_Telegram_on_Linux⠀⇛ Let’s install Telegram on Linux. Telegram Messenger is a powerful application to keep in touch with friends, family, and acquaintences across a variety of operating systems, including those on mobile and computer. You need a phone number to initially sign up, but then it’s simple to download the messenger on Linux and use it to message others. It’s also capable of hosting large group chats, video calls, and social media feeds. In this tutorial, we’ll go over the step by step instructions to install Telegram Messenger on all major Linux distros. Telegram is simple to install, since it’s natively available in most distro’s official package repositories. You’ll also see a few alternative methods of installing the application in case you are on a different Linux distro. # ⚓ Linux_commands_cheat_sheet⠀⇛ The command line terminal in Linux is the operating system’s most powerful component. However, due to the sheer amount of commands available, it can be intimidating for newcomers. Even longtime users may forget a command every once in a while and that is why we have created this Linux cheat sheet commands guide. For times like these, it’s very handy to have a compiled list of Linux commands that have been sorted by category. That way, it only takes a few moments to reference the list whenever you forget the exact syntax of a command. In this tutorial, we’ll present you with a curated list of the most handy Linux commands. These are some of the most useful commands, but they aren’t easy to remember for everyone. Next time your mind is blanking at a Linux terminal, take a look at the Linux commands cheat sheet below for some quick help. # ⚓ Learn_Usage_of_chmod_(Change_Mode)_Command_in_Linux⠀⇛ Since Linux is a member of the Unix-like operating system family, it has inherited some Unix rules like the way it deals with system/user files & directories. Linux operating system makes use of certain flags which determine which system user has access to which files/directories and how the same users can manipulate those files through various read or write operations. # ⚓ Create_a_timer_on_Linux_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ The timing of certain events is a common task for a developer. Common scenarios for timers are watchdogs, cyclic execution of tasks, or scheduling events for a specific time. In this article, I show how to create a POSIX-compliant interval timer using timer_create(…). o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Proton_Experimental_sees_GreedFall,_Eve_Online_and Nickelodeon_All-Star_Brawl_working⠀⇛ Another update to Proton Experimental has landed as of October 11 bringing with it more fixes and even more Windows games are now working on Linux. Newly playable as of this update are GreedFall, Eve Online and Nickelodeon All-Star Brawl. Additionally there’s a fix implemented for Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare hanging on exit, the Paradox Launcher has improved “windowing”, there’s a fix for regressions from a previous release, crashes solved for older CPUs that lack the timestamp counter and crashes also fixed for some FNA/XNA games. # ⚓ Lutris_0.5.9_Release_Adds_AMD’s_FidelityFX,_DLSS,_&_Epic Games_Store_Support⠀⇛ Lutris is a free and open-source game manager available exclusively for Linux. It has been and still is one of the essentials when it comes to Linux gaming. Using Lutris, you can organize your game collection from various different gaming clients such as Steam, GOG, and Humble Bundle. Moreover, Lutris offers a one-step installation for various games to help you install games as conveniently as possible. Let’s take a look at what this release has to offer to Linux gamers. # ⚓ Helping_to_keep_your_game_library_tidy_Lutris_0.5.9_is_out supporting_Epic_Games_Store_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ The Epic Games Store comes to the game manager Lutris, giving you an even better place to deal with your game library split across many different stores. On top of that it also supports Steam for Windows as a game source, for those titles you can’t get working directly through Proton. Now this means that Lutris can help you manage Epic Games Store, GOG, Humble Store, Steam (Linux/ Windows), DOSBox, Emulators and more. Even more helpful is that Lutris games can be launched from Steam, you can disable 3rd party services you don’t want, there’s support now for DXVK-NVAPI and DLSS and VKD3D is now an option by itself. # ⚓ Of_Blades_&_Tails_looks_like_a_charming_upcoming_turn-based animal_tribe_RPG⠀⇛ Developer Felix Laukel (Colmen’s Quest) has announced Of Blades & Tails, a quite charming looking upcoming turn-based RPG in a world full of different animal tribes. “A turn-based RPG that is action-oriented but rewards a thoughtful approach. Discover a fantastic land populated by different animal tribes. You play Riff, a clever member of the tribe of foxes. A chain of unfortunate events involves you in a quest of vital importance to all the peace-loving creatures of the realm. You will have to leave your home village and explore the world to become strong enough to stand up to evil. (In other words: There will be a storyline but it’s still in the making!)” # ⚓ How_to_install_Itch_with_Debian_11_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Today we will learn how to install itch.io with Debian 11. For indie developers, the itch was developed to host, sell, and download games. Released in March 2013, websites hosts more than 40 million games today. Indie games or independent video game is typically a game developed by small communities. Such games do not have much support from some big tech companies. Newbies can enhance their skills here. Seasoned developed are able to earn good money. A lot of popular games are already contributed by itch.io. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Kdenlive_21.08.2_is_out⠀⇛ The second release of the 21.08 series is out with a polishing galore throughout all Kdenlive components. Compositing highlights include added align parameters to the Composite interface, fixing line artifacts affecting the Slide composition, compositions display correctly on clips with same track transitions, Transform and Composite & Transform compositions adjust properly to frame size. Fade to Alpha effect is fixed. The Color picker now works properly when using multiple screens and the color display in the monitors is now accurate. Under the hood improvements include the crash detection and recovery system has been improved, fix Stabilize and Scene Detection jobs, removed noise when opening a project, don’t allow importing of project cache folders and always use UTF8 encoding when writing files. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ Gnome_40:_A_Look_Into_the_Upgraded_Desktop Environment⠀⇛ Gnome 40 has just been released, and it comes with a spectrum of improvements for the desktop environment. Gnome is the open-source desktop environment for various operating systems, including Linux’s Ubuntu and Fedora. This latest iteration promises to deliver a more aesthetically pleasing design and optimal performance. Let’s take a look at the design changes and improvements made to the desktop environment. o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ Top_5_Most_Stable_Linux_Distributions_in_2021⠀⇛ Linux is one of the utmost famous and free open- source platforms. Linux has recently gained a lot of attention and is widely used due to its security, scalability, and flexibility. The distribution named Linux does all the hard work for you by taking codes from open-source till compiling and then combining them into a single operating system so that you’re easily able to boot up and install. Furthermore, they also provide you with different options such as the default desktop environment, browser, and other software. Users can get an operating system by installing one of the most stable Linux distros. Linux has numerous distinct features for different users. There are lots of Linux distributions for a variety of uses, including education, gaming, and developing software. Somehow I can find so many different Linux distributions that I can’t even remember the exact numbers. There are some unique tendencies, revealed in some clones of each other. So it’s kind of confusing. But that’s the beauty of Linux. Few features of Linux distributions are quite identical to one another, but some distributions have their own user interface and unique features. # § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ Qubes_OS_4.1-rc1_has_been_released!⠀⇛ After many years of work, the team is pleased to announce the first release candidate for Qubes 4.1! # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Ready_to_Solve_for_What’s_Next?_Join_SUSE_at_Google Cloud_Next!_|_SUSE_Communities⠀⇛ Google has created a premier digital event. I know most folks are tired of seeing the word “digital” preceding the word “event” and are ready to get out and physically “be” at an event – I know I am! Google did an excellent job at structuring this event to make it engaging and customizable. There are keynotes by Sundar Pichai, Google and Alphabet CEO, and Thomas Kurian, Google Cloud CEO, to set the tone on day one. Urs Hölzle, Google Cloud SVP of Technical Infrastructure, will share the vision of the top three cloud technology trends for the next decade on day two. # ⚓ End-to-end_Encryption_for_Your_Rancher_Cluster_with Linkerd_|_SUSE_Communities⠀⇛ SUSE One Partner, Bouyant, has offerings live in the SUSE Rancher Apps and Marketplace and we’ve invited Bouyant to author a guest blog so you can learn more about leveraging the Linkerd service mesh with SUSE Rancher. Originally create by Bouyant, Linkerd is one of only 16 projects carrying the CNCF’s Graduated project status. Bouyant also provides a Linkerd extension to connect to the Bouyant cloud service. Cool stuff. ~Bret # ⚓ SUSE_Enterprise_Storage:_What_is_next?⠀⇛ Late last year, SUSE completed their acquisition of Rancher Labs, and in doing so, has had to make some decisions on their product roadmap and ongoing support commitments. SUSE Enterprise Storage, SUSE’s software- defined storage product based on Ceph, doesn’t appear to have made the cut. According to their support pages, it is scheduled for End of Life with milestones in January 2021 and 2022. If you are currently running SUSE Enterprise Storage 6, general support will end 31st January 2022. It appears there is a limited path forward for one last year of support, by upgrading to SES 7, but other alternatives could be considered, especially in the light of the recent developments. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ NodeConf_Remote_2021_preview:_4_must-see_talks_|_Red Hat_Developer⠀⇛ Red Hat is heading to NodeConf Remote on October 18–21, 2021! We’ll be demonstrating a few of our favorite production-quality tools and solutions, all designed to help teams maintain productivity while successfully navigating the vast and rapidly changing cloud-native landscape. Talk with an expert during the virtual booth crawl and get a look at our latest workflows for building cloud-native JavaScript solutions on Kubernetes and Red Hat OpenShift. Our open source specialists are ready to show you how JavaScript and Node.js integrate with other technologies like authentication, distributed data caching and streaming, and business automation to deliver real value to customers. # ⚓ Making_a_difference:_From_technical_writer_to managing_a_Support_Delivery_team⠀⇛ Red Hat’s Products and Technologies organization is doing game-changing work in the IT industry, so we’re taking a closer look at some of the talented Red Hatters from around the world who are enabling our continued evolution. In showcasing their unique stories, it’s clear that there’s no one path to finding success as a Red Hatter. For each of us, it’s about open collaboration and building something together. # ⚓ 10_steps_to_a_better_Dockerfile⠀⇛ The journey to the cloud typically starts with containerizing your apps. One of the first challenges developers face is writing the blueprint for those container images—aka a Dockerfile. This article guides you through nine steps to writing better Dockerfiles. The basis for our example is a popular Spring application. # ⚓ Tools_and_practices_for_remote_development_teams⠀⇛ During the height of the COVID-19 global pandemic, tens of millions of workers transitioned from the office to working from home. It was an unfamiliar way of doing things for many organizations—a true sink-or- swim scenario. Development teams are among those affected, and the challenges that we face are sometimes very specific. In this article, we explore a few tools and practices that can help distributed development teams work and collaborate from home. Hopefully, this exploration will be helpful to you and your team seeking a “new normal” after COVID- 19. # ⚓ The_great_resignation:_14_stats_on_the_state_of_the IT_career_market⠀⇛ The turnover tsunami has officially begun: Twice the number of workers in the U.S. are looking to jump ship now versus two years ago, according to the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), the largest HR association in the U.S. That’s a result of the pent-up desire for greener pastures that employees put on hold during the uncertain days of the pandemic. Good news for IT professionals pursuing opportunities now: There are more positions than ever before as technology job growth continues to outpace the overall job growth rate in the U.S. # ⚓ Will_IT_automation_kill_my_job?_|_Enable_Sysadmin⠀⇛ A few times in my previous job, I wondered about automating myself out of a job. I was working on a small, three-person project, and we were responsible for creating various automation tasks for our larger team to use. There was a point where we had many things automated to make our team’s life very easy, but that did not mean our work was done. # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Debian_11.1_Bullseye_and_10.11_Buster_Available⠀⇛ Responsible for Debian has announced the release of version 10.11 and 11.1 Bullseye Buster , who come to be the latest releases of the branches stable old and stable respectively. As expected, we find the application of patches that have accumulated since previous releases in order to avoid carrying out a “heavy” update just after completing the installation. Debian stable releases have a watertight software suite that is rarely modified during the lifetime of the system, so 11.1 Bullseye stands out for patches to fix both software and security bugs . Among the security flaws corrected, we find one that allowed arbitrary code execution (CVE-2021-38173) and another the “input validation is missing in host names returned by DNS servers” (CVE-2021-3672 ). As for the kernel, which we remember that Bullseye is Linux 5.10 , corrections have arrived for the Radeon drivers (the old Open Source for AMD Radeon graphics), AMDGPU (the “new” for AMD Radeon graphics) and Nouveau (the free one for graphics from NVIDIA). This is in addition to the fixes applied to the Realtek sound chips built into various HP notebook models. # ⚓ Triaging_Debian_build_failure_logs_with_collab-qa- tools_–_Antonio_Terceiro⠀⇛ The Ruby team is working now on transitioning to ruby 3.0. Even though most packages will work just fine, there is substantial amount of packages that require some work to adapt. We have been doing test rebuilds for a while during transitions, but usually triaged the problems manually. This time I decided to try collab-qa-tools, a set of scripts Lucas Nussbaum uses when he does archive-wide rebuilds. I’m really glad that I did, because those tols save a lot of time when processing a large number of build failures. In this post, I will go through how to triage a set of build logs using collab- qa-tools. I have some some improvements to the code. Given my last merge request is very new and was not merged yet, a few of the things I mention here may apply only to my own ruby3.0 branch. collab-qa-tools also contains a few tools do perform the builds in the cloud, but since we already had the builds done, I will not be mentioning that part and will write exclusively about the triaging tools. # ⚓ Fatdog64_811_works_real_nice⠀⇛ Fatdog64 version 811 is the latest in the Fatdog puppy-derivative distribution. Using it, it seems very much like a puppy, UI, menu-structure, heaps of apps, but there are differences — most notable is the Gslapt package manager instead of PPM in the pups. # ⚓ The_mysterious_nomodeset_kernel_option⠀⇛ o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_Minitel_Project_Adds_Portability_to_Retro Computer⠀⇛ We’re definitely suckers for vintage computers here at Tom’s Hardware but throw in a Raspberry Pi and we’re guaranteed to be excited. Today we’ve got an awesome retro upgrade project to share from a maker known as Jeremy Cook who has decided to upgrade an old Minitel 1B terminal with a Raspberry Pi 3B. According to Cook, the Minitel was found at a garage sale a few years ago. The idea was to replace the hardware inside with a Pi alongside a battery for portability. This evolved into the final project we have today which also includes a few upgraded features. # ⚓ DFI_spins_Tiger_Lake_thin_Mini-ITX_SBC_and_COM_Express modules⠀⇛ DFI has unveiled a “TGU171/TGU173” thin Mini-ITX board with 2.5GbE, 2x GbE, 4x USB 3.2 Gen2, 2x DP++, and 2x M.2, as well as Compact Type 6 “TGU968” and Mini Type 10 “TGU9A2” modules, all based on 11th Gen CPUs. DFI announced a “TGU” line of embedded boards and systems built around Intel’s 11th Gen Tiger Lake UP3 processors with 15-28W TDPs, starting with a thin mini-ITX board and COM Express Compact Type 6 and Mini Type 10 modules. The Mini-ITX form-factor TGU171/TGU173, Compact Type 6 TGU968, and Mini Type 10 TGU9A2 boards support Linux and Win 10 IoT. Other Intel-based DFI SBCs announced this year include the 3.5-inch, Coffee Lake powered CS551 and 2.5-inch, Whiskey Lake-based WL051. # ⚓ Sony_accelerates_on_OpenSource_and_Linux_in_particular⠀⇛ Obviously all these devices rely on (or have inside them) software that manages them so that they perform the various functions for which they were designed. The choice of technologies to be implemented in the software itself is fundamental, and it seems that Sony has been aiming for the ubiquitous introduction of Linux for nearly twenty years . # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ PostmarketOS_v21.06_Service_Pack_3⠀⇛ The mobile open source operating system postmarketOS receives monthly updates as service packs. ServicePack 3 has just been released for the stable issue postmarketOS v21.06. The service packs integrate innovations that were previously tested by the community in the edge channel. Thus Sxmo 1.5.2 that was represented as v1.5.1 in Edge, included in the selection. The abbreviation stands for Simple X Mobile and describes a minimalist user interface that was created for the PinePhone and is based on Alpine and postmarketOS. It is a collection of applications from the the suckless help of a environment, which are welded together to form a surface with few scripts. o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_Research_and_SODA_Foundation_Release_New Data_and_Storage_Trends_for_the_Enterprise [Ed: Seems apt that Linux [sic] Foundation calls_its_marketing_“research” (same lie as Microsoft) and “SODA” because it basically junk, unhealthy]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Enterprises_Embrace_Open_Source_To_Tackle_Growing_Data Management_Challenges [Ed: The latest ECT openwashing puff piece for "Linux" Foundation and its clients]⠀⇛ Linux Foundation Research and SODA (Strategic Options Development and Analysis) Foundation on Tuesday released study results on new data and storage trends for enterprise. The 2021 Data and Storage Trends Report reveals enterprise use of data and storage as it relates to cloud services and workloads in the era of cloud native, edge, IoT and 5G. # ⚓ The_Apache_News_Round-up:_week_ending_8_October_2021⠀⇛ We’re wrapping up another great week with the following activities from the Apache community… # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Mozilla_Performance_Blog:_Performance_Sheriff Newsletter_(August_2021)⠀⇛ In August there were 126 alerts generated, resulting in 16 regression bugs being filed on average 3.6 days after the regressing change landed. Welcome to the August 2021 edition of the performance sheriffing newsletter. Here you’ll find the usual summary of our sheriffing efficiency metrics. If you’re interested (and if you have access) you can view the full dashboard. # § FSFE⠀➾ # ⚓ Till_Jaeger_+++_Youth_Hacking_4_Freedom_+++_SFScon 2021 [Ed: Child_labour_and_PR_for_Google?]⠀⇛ In our October Newsletter read about Till Jaeger, who knows first-hand what it takes to enforce Free Software licenses. Find out about the contest we just launched: Youth Hacking 4 Freedom. Learn about the donations by a high school yearbook team. Follow our latest activities and write down the dates of the upcoming SFScon. # ⚓ Matthias_Kirschner’s_Web_log_–_fsfe:_Help_gathering resources_for_how_to_learn_programming⠀⇛ Little spoiler: if all goes well, before the end of the year, there will be an illustrated read-aloud book “Ada & Zangemann – a fairy tale about software, skateboards, and ice cream” for children from ~5-6 years old about Free Software. The book will first be available in German, but I am already working on an English version and maybe assist in other translations in future. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Glibc_2.35_Removes_The_Long-Deprecated_Intel_MPX Support_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Intel Memory Protection Extensions (MPX) never really took off and the Linux support has been deprecated for a while with the code elsewhere in the stack already having been removed while with the upcoming Glibc 2.35 release that GNU C Library is also flushing away its support. # ⚓ It’s_Ada_Lovelace_Day!_Learn_the_Ada_programming language_in_2021_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ In the 1970s, many programming languages were hyperspecific to the hardware they controlled. As a result, developers had to learn to code differently depending on the hardware they were programming. Debugging and maintenance were highly specialized, and code wasn’t reusable across machines. The UK government recognized these problems and moved toward establishing a standardized multipurpose programming language. On December 10, 1980—Ada Lovelace’s birthday—they made the Ada programming language an official military standard in the UK. Ada is similar in some ways to Algol or Pascal. It was originally designed for program reliability, easy maintenance, and efficiency. Most importantly, however, Ada’s creators recognized that coding is a human activity, so a programming language must be something that humans can easily read and interact with. For Ada, readability is more important than conciseness. Writing code in Ada produces highly readable code, even compared to Python, and although its usage tends to be specialized, Ada is still being developed today. # ⚓ Automate_image_processing_with_this_Bash_script_| Opensource.com⠀⇛ Writers not only work with words, they often have to work with images. Technical writing involves presenting a lot of screenshots to convey the technology and processes. Different publishing platforms may have various requirements for images, such as image format or file size. As an IT consultant and systems engineer, I have written a lot of technical documentation as client deliverables, generally with Microsoft Word (.doc) as the required format. Any document can grow fast as content is added. In the early days, screenshots were often bitmaps (.bmp), which can have a very large file size. A document describing the installation of an operating system onto a server could end up being a very big file. Downsizing the images without rendering them unreadable was a laborious exercise. Bitmaps could be converted to jpeg files and later png files. Editing continued to be a challenge even later when I switched my office suite to LibreOffice. Fortunately, most screenshot tools today save in smaller formats, such as png. Opensource.com puts certain limits on images that are used in its articles. I developed a quick three-step method for preparing images for my articles. The first step is to be smart about the staging, such as resizing a window or changing a font. Two additional steps became very repetitive. Those are to ensure the image doesn’t exceed the 600-pixel width limit and to apply a border. # ⚓ Having_Fun_With:_DNS_Records_+_Signed_Certificates_+ Cryptographic_Algorithms!_–_Jon’s_FOSS_Blog⠀⇛ So I was experimenting and if you can get signed certs from let’s-encrypt and dns records from cloud-flare, then you could store your public signed certificate as a set of split txt entries which anyone could verify with a set of up-to-date root certificates. You can then use the private key to sign an encryption key (stored as another txt record) along with the encrypted message (also another txt record). # ⚓ Excellent_Free_Tutorials_to_Learn_Emacs_Lisp_– LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Emacs Lisp is a dialect of the Lisp programming language. Lisp (derives from “LISt Processing”) is one of the oldest programming languages. It was invented in 1958, with the language being conceived by John McCarthy and is based on his paper “Recursive Functions of Symbolic Expressions and Their Computation by Machine”. Over the years, Lisp has evolved into a family of programming languages. Most of the Emacs integrated environment is written in the programming language called Emacs Lisp. Although Emacs Lisp is usually thought of in association only with Emacs, it is a full computer programming language. You can use Emacs Lisp as you would any other programming language. Here’s our recommended free tutorials to learn Emacs Lisp (elisp). If you want a more general introduction to Lisp, read our recommended free tutorials to learn Lisp. # § Perl/Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ Rakudo_Weekly_News:_2021.41_Different Patterns⠀⇛ Daniel Sockwell investigated the powers of smart matching in the Raku® Programming Language in two blog posts Let’s try some pattern matching (/r/ rakulang comments) and Further thoughts on Raku pattern matching (/r/rakulang comments). Both the blog posts and the comments are food for thought! # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ Pi_IoT_In_Python_Using_Linux_Drivers_–_PWM⠀⇛ # ⚓ Python_Takes_First_Place_in_TIOBE_Programming Languages_​​Ranking_–_itsfoss.net⠀⇛ The October programming language popularity rating published by TIOBE Software noted the triumph of the Python programming language (11.27%), which in a year moved from third to first place, displacing the C (11.16%) and Java (10.46%) languages. The TIOBE Popularity Index draws its conclusions from the analysis of search query statistics from systems such as Google, Google Blogs, Yahoo !, Wikipedia, MSN, YouTube, Bing, Amazon, and Baidu. Compared to October last year, the ranking also shows an increase in the popularity of the Assembler languages ​​(rose from 17th to 10th place), Visual Basic (from 19th to 11th place), SQL (from 10th to 8th place), Go (from 14 to 12), MatLab (from 15 to 13), Fortran (from 37 to 18), Object Pascal (from 22 to 20), D (from 44 to 34), Lua (from 38 to 32). Perl declined in popularity (ranking dropped from 11 to 19), R (from 9 to 14), Ruby (from 13 to 16), PHP (from 8 to 9), Groovy (from 12 to 15), and Swift (from 16 to 17), Rust (from 25 to 26). # ⚓ Python_Wraper_to_find_all_primes_from_a_given interval_via_sieve_of_Eratosthenes_released_as C++_procedure⠀⇛ o § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ # ⚓ Competitive_Compatibility:_Let’s_Fix_the_Internet,_Not_the Tech_Giants⠀⇛ Tech’s market concentration—summed up brilliantly by Tom Eastman, a New Zealand software developer, as the transformation of the Internet into “a group of five websites, each consisting of screenshots of text from the other four”—has aroused concern from regulators around the world. In China tech giants have been explicitly co-opted an arm of the state. In Europe regulators hope to discipline the conduct of U.S.-based “Big Tech” firms by passing strict rules about privacy, copyright, and terrorist content and then slapping the companies with titanic fines when they fail to abide by them. At the same time, European leaders talk about cultivating “national champions”—monopolistically dominant firms with firm national allegiance to their local governments. U.S. lawmakers are no more coherent: on the one hand, Congress recently held the most aggressive antitrust hearings since the era of Ronald Reagan, threatening to weaken the power of the giants by any means necessary. On the other hand, lawmakers on both sides of the aisle want to deputize Big Tech as part of law enforcement, charged with duties as varied as preventing human trafficking, policing copyright infringement, imposing neutrality on public discourse, blocking disinformation, and ending harassment and hate speech. If any of these duties can be performed (and some of them are sheer wishful thinking), they can only be performed by the very largest of companies, monopolists who extract monopoly rents and use them to fund these auxiliary duties. Tech has experienced waves of concentration before and resolved them with minimal state action. Instead, tech’s giants were often felled by interoperability, which allows new market entrants to seize the “network effect” advantages of incumbents to turn them to their own use. Without interoperability, AT&T ruled the nation. With interoperability, the ubiquity of the Bell System merely meant that anyone who could make an answering machine, radio bridge, or modem that could plug into an RJ-11 jack could sell into every house and business in America. Everyone in the tech world claims to love interoperability—the technical ability to plug one product or service into another product or service—but interoperability covers a lot of territory, and depending on what’s meant by interoperability, it can do a lot, a little, or nothing at all to protect users, innovation and fairness. Let’s start with a taxonomy of interoperability. # ⚓ Interoperability_in_Today’s_Tech_Market⠀⇛ Doctorow notes that tech has experienced waves of concentration before. He cites the example of AT&T and the Bell System, saying previously companies were often “felled by interoperability, which allows new market entrants to seize the ‘network effect’ advantages of incumbents” for their own use. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ [Older]_How_the_Gates_Foundation_is_driving_the_food system,_in_the_wrong_direction⠀⇛ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Openwashing⠀➾ # ⚓ .NET_Foundation_focuses_on_‘issues_with the_community’_after_executive_director quits [Ed: The latest Microsoft reputation laundering by Microsoft Tim this week]⠀⇛ .NET Foundation executive director Claire Novotny resigned last week, but board member Shawn Wildermuth said that this did not solve “issues with the community” on which the foundation will now focus. The phrase “issues with the community” in Wildermuth’s post should not be taken to mean that the community has misbehaved. It would be more accurate to call it the community’s issues with the .NET Foundation, or perhaps with Microsoft, since the special role of Microsoft is one of those issues. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Clean_Up_in_the_Digital_Aisle:_Privacy Concerns_with_Sobeys_Inc._“Caper_Carts” System_–_The_Citizen_Lab⠀⇛ In 2019, the Canadian grocery chain Sobeys began using a system of “smart” shopping carts developed by the U.S.-based Caper.1 These carts allow customers to scan items as they place them in the cart, and use a series of visual and weight scanners to track the purchase of goods in the store. Customers are able to pay for their purchases using an interface on the shopping cart itself. Following the purchase, the customer is given an option to have their purchase receipt transmitted by SMS message or email. [...] While the credit, debit, and Air Miles card numbers were partially redacted, it is unlikely that two individuals would share the same partial card numbers. As a result, it would likely be possible to track the time and location of an individual’s purchases, as well as a full list of items purchased, across time. # ⚓ Study_reveals_scale_of_data-sharing_from Android_mobile_phones_–_Trinity_News_and Events⠀⇛ We find that the Samsung, Xiaomi, Huawei and Realme Android variants all transmit a substantial volume of data to the OS developer (i.e. Samsung etc) and to third-party parties that have pre-installed system apps (including Google, Microsoft, Heytap, LinkedIn, Facebook). LineageOS sends similar volumes of data to Google as these proprietary Android variants, but we do not observe the LineageOS developers themselves collecting data nor pre-installed system apps other than those of Google. Notably, /e/OS sends no information to Google or other third parties and sends essentially no information to the /e/OS developers. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Below_the_Surface:_An_Interview_with_Whitney_Webb⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ [Older]_Clarifying_Pleading_Requirements_for_Patent Cases⠀⇛ In Bot M8 LLC v. Sony Corporation of America, et al., No. 2020-2218 (Fed. Cir. July 13, 2021), the Federal Circuit affirmed the district court’s dismissal of Bot M8’s claims as to the ’540 and ’990 patents for failure to state a plausible claim of infringement. The Court also agreed with the district court that claim 1 of the ’363 patent was invalid under 35 U.S.C. § 101. With respect to the remaining ’988 and ’670 patents, however, the Court reversed and remanded the district court’s decision finding that Bot M8’s infringement allegations were insufficient. # ⚓ Monday_Miscellany_–_The_IPKat⠀⇛ Harry Rich has been appointed as the new UK Intellectual Property Office (IPO) Chair, along with two new non-executive directors, Harriet Kelsall and Hilary Newiss. All three took up their roles from 1 October 2021, for a period of three years. The UK IPO has also published its annual report, which details how the work of the IPO has supported innovation and economic growth during 2020- 2021. # § Software Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ $2,000_for_Phoji_prior_art⠀⇛ On October 4, 2021, Unified Patents added a new PATROLL contest, with a $2,000 cash prize, seeking prior art on at least claim 1 of U.S. Patent 9,565,149. The patent is owned by Phoji, Inc. The ’149 relates to including customized emojis with a messaging system and is currently being asserted against Atlassian and Slack. # ⚓ Another_ETRI_AV1/HEVC_patent_held_invalid_in China⠀⇛ On October 8, 2021, the China National Intellectual Property Administration declared all claims of CN104219523B invalid. The patent is owned by the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI). The CN’523 patent is related to patents that are designated essential to the Access Advance (formerly known as HEVC Advance) patent pool as well as SISVEL’s AV1 and VP9 patent pools. It is also related to U.S. Patent 8,867,854, which Unified challenged in IPR2020-01048. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 6554 ➮ Generation completed at 02:42, i.e. 98 seconds to (re)generate ⟲