𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Friday, October 15, 2021 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Sat 16 Oct 02:40:29 BST 2021 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmVpm9hDw5gu77p5GNGaG5DU2W7uzy83mFBbqknJREAU3w QmV3rmUZyHKRZr4HLVsZHXH3SyMh5Xz6dwshz5vRFuVMAD QmSoYJzJX4ejm4LRdPXhN6F7YBjLvbCRnrxdhaDSj8iaNC QmbpQyjzfhZNaWnZ1L6GHyRzDA6B5RojnHgAGKGeJKMiyn QmZjNRnDnEWPhNuhKXBvuyovU32qnjESR1UG1T8emS6oy2 QmSjHyfej3iKcBfRyB2EGPkqcfwQ3z51X2Qz89CbQ1D5GX QmRXKRPosZ7Bz2MggcSzikrb6U91AxeDNghC3nQk4eD4fh QmXTYTLpzWBYZ5xwWzbbZJAw6K15tUSpUQPiKiZLEsKUUq QmUeuLZQ99vnV24pVDJ9uvHk32tda8NgQW3EpyMCrA9AuB QmZmZwDEJRgqxWPLUg1yQVpFv4YB6HxbHmBdDJg9X68QK2 QmeLhW4oLVWzxpCUCDkA1dFjjenb5EnMwdtSi35sDbQZgd QmajCNJF85CQYXyosFsER5Yo2XiPM6BUZkHYzeqXkCfiv3 QmScBUgZwyXW8e6VTQ7hn4TPr2dPrqRq4mBq4A6SJD33QU QmNq798z2Jmsd7aRXgNnfjRvXzECKPp7piDVUnWvgsGMmw QmRVquEDfjUxjZohz6NpGuYae1hJY5sYhcGTzygC15t1qe QmS8QHtXh2RotXbWpZsvGPyWGq3WgJPQrsFc5JaTmqKcxD QmYzF6VmHg31fxPQwnB9o6yJM36EqoqsYXvNMqVE941LM6 QmXCdRHxnSMKmGrnRzrnSPCDWQmdjzEejArfYqZsaBy35Z Qmf9EcBFemckbJcR5iWC3PVGJxQ5xe3ZqCGKzz681rKMmD QmdjD3F5X1T9xbTPMY2Wrk5YUS8tfKUD5inGbqQ8rnJrpo QmSJxiMQEysAS6b1cT6LbxyB2gmL92RHnKe2bugqURX7jK ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ DuckDuckGo’s HQ is Smaller Than My Apartment | Techrights ⦿ The EPO’s Overseer/Overseen Collusion — Part XIII: Battistelli’s Iberian Facilitators - Spain | Techrights ⦿ From Competitive (Top-Level, High-Calibre, Well-Paid) Jobs to 2,000 Euros a Month - How the EPO is Becoming a Sweatshop by Patent Examiners’ Standards | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] GitHub Isn’t Free Hosting, It’s All About Control by Microsoft | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Thursday, October 14, 2021 | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Protecting European Patent Courts From EPO ’Mafia’ | Techrights ⦿ With EPO ’Strike Regulations’ Belatedly Ruled Unlawful, EPO Management May be Lowering the Salary Even Further by Introducing Outside ‘Temps’ or Casual Workers | Techrights ⦿ Post About Whether Vivaldi is a GPL violation Was Quietly Knifed by the Mods of /r/uBlockOrigin in Reddit | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/dodgyduckgo/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/epo-iberian-facilitators/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/epo-sweatshop/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/github-control-by-microsoft/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/irc-log-141021/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/no-upca/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/stirling-and-pan-european-seal-programme/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/vivaldi-and-gpl/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/ubuntu-22-04-lts-codename/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/windows-ransomware-2021/#comments http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/xubuntu-21-10/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 70 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/dodgyduckgo/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/dodgyduckgo/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ DuckDuckGo’s_HQ_is_Smaller_Than_My_Apartment⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Google, Microsoft, Search at 5:11 pm by Guest Editorial Team Guest post by Ryan, reprinted with permission from the_original When I was perusing DuckDuckGo’s corporate website for their explanation of a tracker that they use which my Web browsers block, I found their corporate headquarters address. The tracker is called Improving DuckDuckGo, and of course they always have explanations for everything they do that’s creepy, and they get caught lying all of the time. And of course, Techrights has pointed_out_things_like_this before. The most concerning facts are that they’re US-based (a Five Eyes country with no decent privacy laws at the state or federal levels), and can be compelled to track you by law enforcement, and that they host on Microsoft Azure and also scrape Bing for your search results. Thus, Microsoft would see your IP address on both transactions and can log your activities on DuckDuckGo quite easily, using nothing else, unless you’re on some sort of a VPN that millions of people use (like I am). But I googled (to get a Street View image) their address, 20 Paoli Pike Paoli, PA 19301, and it’s basically a small building that they share with a dentist’s office. Due to copyright restrictions on the images, I can’t reproduce them here, but you have to go see this. Just trust me. The building is so small that it’s like a one bedroom apartment with some DuckDuckGo images on the side. I mentioned this to Roy Schestowitz in #techrights on irc.techrights.org and he replied that they don’t have to have much of a physical presence considering that they use Microsoft web hosting and scrape Microsoft Bing (which isn’t a very good search engine, privacy aside). It was creepy enough when they used Amazon AWS, and it’s creepier now that they use Microsoft for both ends of the transaction. DuckDuckGo claims that they have their own web crawling bot and that they’re not just Bing with different artwork, but for the most part, if you search both side by side, you see very little difference in what comes back. DuckDuckGo has recently been advertising heavily on Chicago radio stations, including the rock station saying “The DuckDuckGo for privacy traffic report.”. I don’t think they’re very private.They may be a little bit better than Google on privacy, but a lot of that certainly isn’t by choice. Google got as big as it is by dominating search and paying off everyone to default to it, and then propping up other projects with that cash until they stood on their own. Google’s the biggest ad network on the internet, and the only advantages, I think, that DuckDuckGo, gives you, in a major way, vs. that is that they don’t have the scale of Google to insert trackers all over the web and DuckDuckGo doesn’t require you to sign in, in order to use much of anything on it. Years ago, Richard Stallman mentioned that signing into Google to search with it was a bad idea, and he’s right. One of the reasons Google starts popping up annoying CAPTCHA images if you use a VPN is so you will give up and sign in, and then whenever they put an ad or a beacon on another site, it associates itself with you and your search traffic. I have a GMail account, but I don’t sign into Google in my browsers. My email clients support signing in via OAuth and then I can pull in my mail without signing in. I also block most of their third party stuff in my adblock settings, and I use a VPN. But Google still tracks. They and Facebook and Microsoft figure out dozens of ways to track in case you block any of those methods, something will work. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 176 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/epo-iberian-facilitators/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/epo-iberian-facilitators/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_XIII:_Battistelli’s_Iberian Facilitators_–_Spain⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 4:29 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Series parts: 1. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_I:_Let_the_Sunshine_In! 2. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_II:_A_“Unanimous” Endorsement? 3. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_III:_Three_Missing_Votes 4. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_IV:_The_Founding_States 5. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_V:_Germany_Says_“Ja” 6. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_VI:_A_Distinct_Lack_of_Dutch Courage 7. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_VII:_Luxembourgish_Laxity 8. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_VIII:_Perfidious_Albion_and Pusillanimous_Hibernia 9. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_IX:_More_Holes_Than_Swiss Cheese 10. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_X:_Introducing_the Controversial_Christian_Bock 11. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_XI:_“General_Bock”_– Battistelli’s_Swiss_Apprentice? 12. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_XII:_The_French_Connection 13. YOU ARE HERE ☞ Battistelli’s Iberian Facilitators – Spain 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇António_Campinos,_Christian_Archambeau,_and_Patricia_Garcia Escudero_Marquez⦈_ António Campinos (centre) flanked by Christian Archambeau (left) and Patricia García-Escudero Márquez (right). Summary: The EPO‘s António_Campinos is an ‘Academy’ of overt nepotism; what Benoît_Battistelli did mostly in France Campinos does in Spain and Portugal, severely harming the international image of these countries Back in June 2013, the Spanish delegation on the EPO’s Administrative Council was headed by Patricia_García-Escudero_Márquez. García-Escudero was appointed as Director-General of the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office (OEPM) in 2012 after Alberto Casado Cerviño had been “rewarded” with a position as EPO Vice-President. Casado Cerviño was a close ally of Battistelli on the EPO’s Administrative Council and he had acted as ad interim Chairman of the Council for the duration of the protracted election procedure which ended in March 2010 with Battistelli’s appointment as the President of the Office (effective as of 1 July 2010). “Casado Cerviño was a close ally of Battistelli on the EPO’s Administrative Council and he had acted as ad interim Chairman of the Council for the duration of the protracted election procedure which ended in March 2010 with Battistelli’s appointment as the President of the Office (effective as of 1 July 2010).”García-Escudero is known to have close associations with the upper echelons of the notoriously_corrupt Spanish conservative party Partido Popular (PP). Her brother, Pío_García-Escudero_Márquez the 4th_Count_of_Badarán, is a prominent PP member who served as the Speaker of the Spanish Senate between 2011 and 2019. There is evidence to suggest that García-Escudero’s installation as head of the OEPM was a purely political_appointment which was tainted by serious formal irregularities. “There is evidence to suggest that García-Escudero’s installation as head of the OEPM was a purely political appointment which was tainted by serious formal irregularities.”In any event, during her time on the EPO’s Administrative Council García-Escudero was very much a “captured delegate” who always gave unquestioning support to Battistelli. She was generally regarded as one of his most loyal and subservient "pet_chinchillas" on the organisation’s governing body. In 2016 García-Escudero was rewarded_by_Battistelli with a position on the EPO’s Boards of Appeal Committee (BOAC). The BOAC is a sub-committee of the EPO’s Administrative Council which is responsible for supervising matters relating to the EPO’s Boards of Appeal. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Patricia_Garcia_Escudero_Marque⦈_ Head of the Spanish delegation in 2013: Patricia García-Escudero Márquez. During her time as head of the Spanish OEPM García-Escudero was also a significant figure in the affairs of the EU trademark agency OHIM/EUIPO in Alicante. “In 2016 García-Escudero was rewarded by Battistelli with a position on the EPO’s Boards of Appeal Committee (BOAC). The BOAC is a sub-committee of the EPO’s Administrative Council which is responsible for supervising matters relating to the EPO’s Boards of Appeal.”On 1 January 2017, she succeeded the well-connected_"IP"_maximalist Mihály Ficsor as Chair_of_EUIPO’s_Management Board. This is the governing body of the EU trademark agency which has a function similar to that of the EPO’s Administrative Council. In 2018, García-Escudero was rumoured_to_be_a_possible_contender to succeed António Campinos as the Chief Executive of EUIPO. However, in the end she did not throw her hat into the ring and the position went to the Belgian Christian_Archambeau. Archambeau was a former Principal Director at the EPO from where he had been seconded to the EUIPO in December 2010. In Alicante he was installed as second-in-command to the new EUIPO boss António Campinos. “Because García-Escudero was closely linked to the disgraced PP, the installation of the new PSOE-led government signalled the end of her career at the OEPM.”García-Escudero’s failure to secure the top job in Alicante was probably related to domestic political convulsions which were taking place in Spain at more or less the same time as the EUIPO succession race. On 1 June 2018, the PP-led_government_of_Mariano_Rajoy was toppled by a motion of_no_confidence. The motion of no confidence was tabled by Pedro Sánchez, the leader of the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE), after a court ruling according to which the PP was found to have profited from the illegal kickbacks-for-contracts scheme of the Gürtel_case. “On 25 June 2018, it was announced that the incoming government had appointed José Antonio Gil Celedonio as the new director of the OEPM.”After the collapse of the PP-led government, a new_PSOE-led_government headed by Sanchez was formed on 7 June 2018. Because García-Escudero was closely linked to the disgraced PP, the installation of the new PSOE-led government signalled the end of her career at the OEPM. On 25 June 2018, it was announced that the incoming government had appointed José_Antonio_Gil_Celedonio as the new director of the OEPM. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Jose_Antonio_Gil_Celedonio⦈_ Following the collapse of the PP-led government of Mariano Rajoy in June 2018, José Antonio Gil Celedonio replaced García-Escudero as director of the OEPM. But despite being dismissed as head of the OEPM, all was not lost for García- Escudero. Although she failed to bag the top job at the EUIPO in 2018, she was rewarded with a consolation prize in_March_2019 [PDF] when she was appointed as “Director_of_the_Academy”. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EU_Academy_and_Patricia_Garcia_Escudero_Marque⦈_ After her dismissal from the OEPM in June 2018, García-Escudero found a “safe harbour” at the EUIPO in Alicante. According to the EUIPO’s Web site, the “Academy” is the department of the EU trademark agency which is responsible for all learning and educational activities for EUIPO staff, staff of the national “IP” offices of the EU member states, EUIPO’s users, academia and the public at large. By a curious coincidence, the position of “Director of the Academy” became vacant in January 2019 after the acting Director – Nellie Simon – had left to take up her_new_position_as_EPO_Vice-President in Munich. (warning: epo.org link) “…it remains unclear whether the vacancy was filled by means of an open competition or whether García-Escudero was simply parachuted into it by her cronies in the “European IP Network”.”It’s not clear how exactly García- Escudero managed to get appointed to this position because no vacancy notice can be found. For this reason, it remains unclear whether the vacancy was filled by means of an open competition or whether García-Escudero was simply parachuted into it by her cronies in the “European IP Network”. That concludes our look at the Spanish delegation which helped to rubber-stamp Battistelli’s “Strike Regulations” in June 2013. In the next part we will look at the Portuguese delegation which was headed by Maria Leonor Mendes da Trindade, Director of the Portuguese INPI. █ ⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠈⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⠠⢸⡜⠀⡀⠘⠛⠛⣿⢹⠿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢰⢶⣿⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡿⢸⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣟⢹⣿⣿⡇⡀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣨⠜⣁⠀⠄⠢⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠻⣿⠀⢠⠀⢸⣼⣿⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠇⡸⢸⣻⣿⣿⣿⣜⣛⣿⣩⣭⣭⣯⣈⣛⡛⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠐⠙⠀⢴⠘⠂⠀⡄⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⡇⡆⢾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠀⢺⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⣂⣾⠏⣠⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣧⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠍⠀⠀⣸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠃⠁⣴⣿⠯⠭⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣻⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⣭⣯⣩⣽⣭⡇⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣾⣾⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢈⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣠⣤⣼⣿⣿⠁⠀⣀⣿⣿⣷⡶⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣌⣿⡇⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣏⡇⡸⣿⣿⣿⣇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⠇⠼⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣟⠛⢸⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⢵⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠉⠃⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢻⡏⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⠀⠠⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⢀⣷⣿⣿⣿⣮⣴⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⢸⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣧⠘⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⢿⡿⠀⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣦⣠⣾⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠇⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠓⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠐⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⡤⣤⣶⣶⣶⠒⠐⠒⠶⣐⠠⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢠⣾⣿⣷⣻⣺⣿⣿⡠⣀⠥⡨⠽⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⣤⣠⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣫⡁⠙⢻⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣔⠀⠁⢻⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢸⣿⣧⣴⡄⢠⣤⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣼⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⡀⠀⣀⣄⠀⣀⣠⣶⢿⢭⣮⣵⣦⡒⠄⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⣼⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⠿⠛⠓⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠙⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠙⠛⠛⠻⠇⠀⠀⢰⣿⣶⣾⢯⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣽⠻⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡞⣭⣧⣴⣶⣀⡀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠈⠘⠻⠁⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠭⠃⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿ ⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠄⣀⣥⣽⣶⣿⣿⣷⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿ ⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠉⠙⠛⠛⠊⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⡞⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣉⣁⣹⣸⣉⣉⣉⣩⣁⣹⣪⣉⣩⣿⣁⣛⣧⣍⣁⣉⣉⣸⣿⣿⣶⣶⠀⣤⢀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡝⠁⣀⠀⠠⠄⠋⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣏⣹⣩⣋⣍⣽⣹⣈⣇⣏⣉⣽⣗⣋⣩⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣉⣁⣀⣸⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣁⣿⣸⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠿⠿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⡀⢀⡀⢸⣄⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⣷⢸⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣶⣶⣶⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⠶⠖⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣬⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣀⣀⣀⠿⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣧⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣈⣉⣉⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠈⠉⢻⣦⣀⣩⣽⣿⡇⢐⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣿⡇⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣧⡼⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⣤⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣭⠻⠉⠁⠈⠛⠛⠿⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠩⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣥⣶⣶⣀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠴⢒⣷⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠁⢸⡇⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣤⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣛⡻⠿⠿⣷⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡿⢿⡿⡿⢿⡿⢿⢿⡿⢿⠿⢿⠿⣿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢲⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠄⠀⢻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣉⣿⣿⣛⣉⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣀⣀⣈⣿⣿⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⢠⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⣼⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠙⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⢿⠀⢀⣤⣤⣤⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠀⠈⢀⡻⠿⣿⠩⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⠛⢿⡇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣻⣟⣻⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣷⣀⠀⣀⠙⣿⣿⠛⠀⠈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠈⠁⢠⣤⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣦⣤⣶⣶⣾⣷⣾⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠀⠂⠁⠌⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣷⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠃⡐⠀⠛⠛⠇⢭⠉⣏⣉⣙⣙⠙⠗⢾⠿⢛⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠐⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⠏⣷⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠟⠲⢰⡿⡿⡿⠀⡀⠀⠘⡬⣑⣓⠚⠭⡍⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⠘⠛⠻⡾⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣏⠸⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⢀⣀⣿⣿⣿⡝⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠪⢌⡉⣉⣙⣡⡌⣷⣶⢲⣾⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⠿⠟⣛⠿⠿⣟⡯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢼⣿⡇⣠⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣖⣴⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠙⣍⣈⠻⣿⣶⠘⣙⣛⠂⠀⠠⣆⡀⠠⣿⣶⡞⢶⣶⣶⡮⢄⣐⣄⠂⠟⠦⡖⠶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣧⣠⡄⡀⠀⠈⠻⢆⣂⣰⣿⣿⡿⠿ ⣀⣀⣀⡀⣤⡤⣤⡄⣼⢿⣿⡶⣿⡿⢿⡿⠶⠟⡁⡁⢻⡏⢰⠆⢰⡮⣉⣛⣛⣿⡆⢚⠛⠓⠒⠾⢻⣶⣤⣌⣙⣁⡽⣀⡅⠐⢰⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣏⣠⣄⣀⠂ ⡿⣈⠿⠁⠙⢃⢀⣛⠤⠊⠙⠉⠈⡄⢀⠉⠩⢦⡀⠀⠀⠲⠒⠂⡻⠋⣿⡽⠶⠿⠻⢞⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣍⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⡯⠤⢄⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣥⣧⣚⣤⣏⣄⣚⣩⣜⣙⣣⣜⣥⣽⣏⠙⣿⣿⣿ ⣘⣁⣀⣁⠬⣄⣰⡶⠶⠶⠟⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⣀⡀⡀⢠⣀⠈⢩⠍⣀⣤⢴⣾⣿⠉⠁⢀⠀⢄⡄⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⣿⡷⣤⢄⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣯⣭⣝⣍⣽⣯⣿⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣿⣷⣯⢝⣿⣿ ⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢴⣴⣾⢵⠾⠧⡈⠳⢦⡤⠀⠺⢿⣿⣯⣤⣍⡻⢻⢞⣻⣷⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⡾⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿ ⡠⠤⠀⠤⠒⠀⡘⠉⣀⣤⣤⠀⠈⠳⠾⠛⠁⠃⠀⠀⠃⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣿⣷⣦⣄⣁⣨⣽⢿⡟⢹⡥⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣋⣀⣘⣛ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 440 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/epo-sweatshop/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/epo-sweatshop/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ From_Competitive_(Top-Level,_High-Calibre,_Well-Paid)_Jobs_to_2,000_Euros_a Month_—_How_the_EPO_is_Becoming_a_Sweatshop_by_Patent_Examiners’_Standards⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 3:21 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum ca252905bd2ac0fbe1f1f56ac3cf6563 http://techrights.org/videos/epo-plundered.webm Summary: A longish video about the dreadful situation at the EPO, where staff is being ‘robbed’ and EPO funds get funnelled into some dodgy stock market investments (a clear violation of the institution’s charter) THE CURRENT EPO is a deeply corrupt institution that exists not to advance science and technology but to make the rich even richer. One might think of the boisterous Benoît_Battistelli and drunkard António_Campinos as either the ‘engineers’ (of the scheme) or mere implementors, working at the behest of their ‘handlers’. “Monopolistic barbwires actively discourage invention and market participation; those usher in neo- or corporate-feudalism.”As a patent office, the EPO is already failing. It seems to be better at bribing scholars and so-called 'journalists' in order to restrict access to information. This is what some cults or organised crime syndicates do, hiding behind a veil or secrecy and PR stunts. The video goes through the articles below and discusses why it’s a very big deal. With anti-strike regulations having been ruled unlawful, it took no more than 2 months for Team Campinos to bring a bunch of people aboard (minimal vetting), ready to potentially replace existing workers at about one fifth the salary. As if patent examination is just some production pipeline; the ramifications associated with fake patents in large volume were explored in scholarly literature for decades. Monopolistic barbwires actively discourage invention and market participation; those usher in neo- or corporate-feudalism. █ Articles from the video: 1. With_EPO_‘Strike_Regulations’_Belatedly_Ruled_Unlawful,_EPO_Management May_be_Lowering_the_Salary_Even_Further_by_Introducing_Outside_‘Temps’_or Casual_Workers 2. The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_XII:_The_French_Connection 3. New_Leak:_Today’s_EPO_Breaks_Its_Contract_With_Former_Staff_of_the_EPO, Not_Just_Existing_Staff 4. ILOAT_Finally_Overturns_Battistelli’s_Vichyite_Strike_Regulations 5. EPO_May_be_Financially_Defrauding_the_Public_and_Its_Employees ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 506 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/github-control-by-microsoft/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/github-control-by-microsoft/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_GitHub_Isn’t_Free_Hosting,_It’s_All_About_Control_by_Microsoft⠀✐ Posted in Microsoft at 11:28 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Recent: Microsoft_GitHub_is_for_Theft_by_Microsoft_(Stealing_Other_People’s Work) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cast_it_in_the_fire:_Free_software_project;_You_don't_count unless_you're_hosted_by_Microsoft;_Good,_get_lost⦈_ He didn’t trade autonomy Summary: Deleting_GitHub isn’t a political statement but a pragmatic decision, seeing how Microsoft routinely misuses its control over GitHub to manipulate the market ⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡶⠀⢠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣷⢾⣿⣯⣿⣇⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢷⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣷⡘⠻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣴⣶⣮⣷⣿⢿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡟⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣠⣵⣾⣿⡀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢁⣉⣁⣈⣁⢀⣬⡛⣿⢷⣶⣫⣥⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⣀⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣷⣿⣼⡷⢿⣿⣿⢹⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠇⠀⠿⠿⠟⠿⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡟⠛⠛⢛⣛⣟⣟⡛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣡⡤⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠂⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠘⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣔⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡖⣠⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⢸⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠻⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⣾⣿⣿⣦⣤⡀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⣀⣤⣴⠀⠀⢨⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣡⡈⣽⣹⡿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⢠⣬⣤⣼⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡇⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⡟⢁⣄⣀⣀⡌⠻⣿⠟⢉⣉⣻⠛⣿⠿⣿⠛⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠳⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⠀⣿⡉⢹⠁⣧⢠⣽⠀⣉⠀⡇⢸⡅⠁⢠⡄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⡙⣿⣿⣿⡇⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣦⠀⠉⣿⡍⠀⣰⣿⣧⣌⣁⣼⣀⣿⣈⣹⣀⣿⣀⣧⣈⣁⣄⣈⣁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⣛⣛⣛⣛⣋⣉⣉⣭⢩⣤⣥⣥⣄⣤⣤⡆⣶⡶⣴⣶⣦⣶⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡏⣽⣫⣭⣭⣭⣽⡟⢹⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⠿⣿⡟⢰⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⡏⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡇⣿⡿⣽⣿⡦⣽⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⠘⣿⣶⠿⣯⣿⢻⣿⡿⣿⠻⠇⠿⠇⠀⠻⠿⠻⠟⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠁⠉⣉⠙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣇⣻⠿⠋⠻⢟⠧⢼⠛⠛⠌⠛⢁⠩⢨⣁⢄⣉⣁⣂⣈⣁⣀⡠⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⢲⣶⣴⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣰⣾⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣽⣯⣽⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⡏⣿⣯⣿⣿⡇⠸⣿⣿⡝⣿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡏⢸⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠹⣿⢹⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢶⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡷⠿⠿⠇⠀⠿⠿⠃⠛⠂⠘⠛⠛⠛⠙⠃⠙⠋⢈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠁⠈⠁⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⢿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠈⠛⠛⠈⠛⠋⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⢤⣬⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣦⣷⣦⣶⢻⣿⣏⠒⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣴⣤⣈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣸⠋⣉⣉⠉⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠟⣷⣼⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢲⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡮⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠠⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠓⢤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢀⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⢣⠓⠀⣸⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠈⠻⢻⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⠘⠀⠀⠠⠄⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣸⣿⡇ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣇⠀⠈⠀⠀⢠⣅⠹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠿⣯⣵⠈⣷⢀⣤⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⠿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⣰⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣴⣾⣶⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡇⢰⣠⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣰⣿⠐⠛⠋⣼⣷⠀⠩⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠰⢰⣿⡆⢀⠀⠀⠈⠐⣧⣼⣛⣛⣛⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢻⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⡆⣾⣿⡆⣾⣿⣆⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⣾⣿⣮⣿⡿⡾⣿⡿⡉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⢿⣿⠇⠀⣺⢿⠇⠈⠹⢿⣿⠷⠂⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠑⠙⠛⢿⠇⣀⣨⣿⣿⢟⠛⠛⠀⠀⠘⢠ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⡿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣿⡟⡇⣿⣷⡇⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⢸⣿⠀⠀⠁⠈⠛⠒⠶⠬⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠷⠠⠘ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⢃⠛⠛⠋⠟⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠣⣛⣿⣷⣟⠛⣽⣛⠋⠙⠛⠋⠘⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 589 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/irc-log-141021/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/irc-log-141021/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Thursday,_October_14,_2021⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:39 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-techrights- 141021.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-141021.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-social-141021.txt * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/tr_text_version/irc-log-techbytes- 141021.txt Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmNsz8Fur3HE9ugbKpQqW5xNRGbZdaL6FZurvK5uFr3gBW #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmTEtsNVwxj6q3p44iNoXokPtXVhdh4kN72qrTUKbXnabc (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmNon8jAhSTyGQEC5KJ6T4YWfkqfUrVvFvLxYBCqTZdAxd social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmeMsqJjhrv3KJBTCffj8zKPXtNx5tKptWiYUa9goi8jo8 social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 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10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Protecting_European_Patent_Courts_From_EPO_‘Mafia’⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 1:38 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇EPO is ours. Next: UPC! Stay out of our business! UPCA: It's illegal⦈ UPC is an attempt to do to all patent courts in the EU what litigation lobbyists did to the EPO, which actually used to be good Summary: With flagrant disregard for court_rulings (or workarounds to dodge actual compliance) it seems clear that today’s EPO management is allergic to justice and to judges; European Patents perish at unprecedented levels in national European courts and it should be kept that way ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⠁⠈⢻⣿⣷⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣶⣶⣤⣤⣴⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⢈⡙⠠⡤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠸⠛⠁⠀⣸⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣆⠀⠘⠋⣠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣛⢿⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⢠⣾⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣏⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣔⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢻⠿⢻⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠠⠠⠴⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠽⣿⣧⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠂⠀⠈⠀⠀⢹⠟⢛⠿⡟⠰⠾⢿⡟⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⡹⣿⣿⣟⠪⠀⠀⣴⣶⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢻⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣖⡸⢷⣿⡭⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣫⡀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠻⠷⠶⠾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠾⡉⠂⠉⠀⠈⠛⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⠀⠄⠀⢀⣤⣴⡞⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⡾⠿⠛⠛⠛⠳⠦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠚⠀⡌⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠷⣄⠀⢠⣿⠶⠒⠋⠃⠀⢀⡄⠀⢀⡄⢀⣴⡿⠋⠁⠀⣠⣤⣤⣀⣀⡀⠈⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠊⠐⠹⣿⣿⣿⣧⡆⠈⠀⠘⠋⠀⢘⠁⠀⠀⢸⣷⣾⡿⣩⣿⠟⠀⠀⣴⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠂⢀⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣠⡀⠀⠀⠜⢣⣠⡦⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⠿⢀⣽⢿⠿⠟⣿⣻⣿⣧⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⠔⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢁⣤⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣧⣷⣢⡀⠺⢿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⣾⣿⠀⠈⠉⠈⡀⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣯⠝⣶⣿⢿⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⡟⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⡿⠹⢿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠘⠁⠀⢀⠶⠂⠈⠙⠀⠀⢀⠐⣶⣧⠀⡤⠃⡹⠌⠀⠈⠃⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡿⠁⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣄⠉⠉⣶⡶⢀⣾⣿⣿⣦⠄⠚⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢧⡙⢿⣿⠖⠘⠁⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣺⡿⣁⣀⢐⣁⢀⣀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⣙⡻⣛⣂⣀⣀⡁⣀⢀⣛⡁⢁⣀⣀⢶⠶⣂⣐⠀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣐⡀⢀⣀⣀⡀⢒⣁⡘⢀⣀⢀⡀⢀⡀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⣀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣟⠿⢙⣿⡟⢁⣿⣿⡆⢿⣾⡏⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡟⢻⣿⢣⡇⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣛⢼⢸⣿⢻⣧⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣹⡷⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣼⡇⣿⣟⡱⣿⣽⠿⢾⣏⡿⠏⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣬⡿⣿⣽⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠛⠠⢸⣿⢸⡿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣷⠀⢸⣿⢹⣷⢸⣿⣿⡇⣬⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⡿⣿⡇⣿⡟⠡⣭⢻⣷⣬⡝⣿⡆⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠙⠛⠛⠀⠛⠃⠘⠛⠘⠛⠘⠛⠀⢀⣌⣛⣛⡁⠙⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠈⠁⠙⠛⠋⠘⠛⠀⠈⠈⠛⠛⢃⣝⡛⠛⠁⠛⢛⣛⣴⣜⣛⣻⣿⣾⣟⣿⣵⣽⣛⣿⣼⣛⣘⣃⣛⣣⣿⣛⣃⣛⣛⣫⣜⠛⠛⣁⣛⣴⣶⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣆⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡟⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⠃⠺⠋⠹⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⢇⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⣹⣿⡇⠀⠺⠆⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣣⣿⡟⡁⣣⣁⠄⠀⠁⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡿⠿⠟⣿⣿⠷⠞⠉⠀⢠⣧⢀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠂⠀⢸⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⢈⣾⣿⡷⠏⣏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣦⣴⣿⣿⢄⣀⡀⠀⠀⡀⠰⣼⣿⠋⠁⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠿⠿⠟⠛⢻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠿⠗⠀⠀⠘⣼⣣⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣠⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣋⣤⣶⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⡿⠛⠩⠥⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⢿⣿⡟⠙⠋⠛⢟⡛⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠻⡿⣿⡇⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣅⡀⠈⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⢛⠇⡾⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣾⠷⠄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠋⠀⠀⠘⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⡀⠀⠀⡇⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⢶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢾⣷⠄⠀⠉⠙⣿⣿ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣠⣤⡴⠖⠒⢀⣤⡤⠄⢀⡇⠀⠴⠞⠀⣿⣷⣾⣿⣯⣤⣦⡒⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣾⠿⢸ ⠀⠀⢀⣤⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣠⣤⡈⠁⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⡀⠀⠀⢈⣙⣻⠉⠛⠛⠻⠦⡤⢼⣛⣓⠰⣤⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠙⠛⠗⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠀⠘⠈⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⢼⣯⣍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣉⣙⣋⠀⠙⠒⠒⠲⠀⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡛⠒⠆⠀⡖⠶⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣦⣼ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⢙⣿⣇⢀⣠⣤⡴⠟⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣤⣤⣤⡀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠦⣤⣤⣄⣽⠙⠿⢾⣾⠃⠐⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠛⠻⢿⣼⣿⣿⡛⠛⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠋⢹ ⠤⢀⠚⠿⣽⣿⣶⣽⣟⠛⠛⠛⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠲⠦⣀⣀⡻⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣾ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠌⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣏⠃⢰⣧⣈⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⢤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻ ⡤⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣈⠻⢿⣷⣄⠀⢀⣁⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣠ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠆⠾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣂⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢹ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠠⠀⢀⠀⢰⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠒⠿⠿⣝⣟⣻⣻⣿⣷⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⣷⣆⣀⠀⣀⡀⢠⣤⣦⣾⠷⢶⣶⣶⢤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⢗⣾⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢄⣀⠀⠀⠐⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⢿⠁⠘⠛⠛⢻⣦⡀⣀⠀ ⣽⣿⣿⣿⠻⠓⠈⠛⣿⡄⢀⠀⢠⣷⣤⣍⣘⠂⢠⣤⣤⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠈⠘⠛⠻⣦⠪⡍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡪⣄⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠈⠷⠈⠻ ⠉⠉⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠈⠛⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠛⠉⠛⠋⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠓⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠻⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣸⡿⣾⣸⣿⣾⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⣿⣇⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠈⣿⡿⠿⣟⠿⣾⣾⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠑⠑⠠⠂⠀⠀⣧⢧⠀⢀⠀⣻⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠋⡀⠈⢹⣿⠇⠀⠀⠈⣿ ⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣞⠁⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡘⠀⠚⢠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹ ⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠐⠃⠀⠘⣿⣿⢸⡟⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠌⡀⢀⠰⣾⢿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣷⣤⣄⣰⣴⣿⣿⣿⣽⠀⢀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠊⣄⡆⣼⡿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣷⣄⡀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠄⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⡶⣶⡦⠀⠖⣖⠐⣴⡟⢳⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⢼ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠘⠀⣰⢒⠝⣼⣿⢁⡾⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣟⣿⠻⠿⠛⢻⡴⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⢰⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣷⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣶⣦⣶⣾⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⡿⠁⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢱⣄⠀⣸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⣴⡾⠀⠀⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⡾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠛⢧⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⢀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣯⣀⣴⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣢⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢳⡀⠹⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠌⠉⠀⠈⠉⢿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⣿⣿⣿⢏⣭⣽⣤⢠⣶⡯⢩⣿⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠳⣦⡘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⠟⠿⢷⣬⣭⣭⣩⣿⡝⠂⠀⠘⡄⠠⠀⡀⢠⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡴⢿⣿⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣇⠈⠻⡿⢺⣟⣻⣭⣿⠷⠀⠀⠀⠈⣩⣿⣿⣫⣤⣴⣖⡀⢧⠇⡘⠠⢃⣤⣬⠄⠀⠀⠛⠈⠆⠹⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣰⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡹⣷⡿⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢩⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⢀⣤⣶⣯⣍⠩⢟⠥⠶⠀⠀⠸⡀⢱⣷⣟⡉⣌⣅⠐⠂⠀⠰⠀⠘⢧⠁⠀⣈⡻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠟⡇⠰⣼⡇⣾⡿⠗⠛⢻⡆⠀⣀⣺⠷⠶⠀⡇⢠⠟⣤⠴⠋⠱⠆⠐⠂⠀⠀⠠⡜⣆⢠⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡿⠀⠉⠁⠀⠘⣿⡄⡊⢈⢍⠲⠀⠀⣣⣜⣧⢦⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⣿⣿⡀⠈⠉⠀⠀⣤⣶⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠆⠀⡷⠖⠀⣤⡀⠀⡟⠡⠤⢤⣈⣁⣀⣃⡈⠟⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠈⢢⠢⡌⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣶⡶⠿⠷⠒⢀⣀⣀⣠⣄⣀⡀⠀⣿⠂⠀⣧⣤⣾⣿⠅⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣭⣭⣭⣉⣓⣒⠒⠲⠤⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠡⠀⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣄⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢙⡒⠒⠒⠒⠢⢮⣿⣛⡉⣉⡀⠈⠷⡿⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⣿⠀⠀⡿⠉⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠒⠞⠁⠀⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣯⠭⠽⣟⣛⣿⣭⣝⣿⣿⣿⣏⣡⣬⡭⣭⣌⣈⠭⠭⠀⡤⠌⠥⠤⠤⠤⠁⠀⠀⠀⠐⢲⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡜⢉⣻⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢠⣀⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⢙⡀⠉⢹⣻⣿⣿⣿⢷⣯⣭⣿⣛⡿⠵⠞⣒⠐⠒⠀⣶⣶⣶⣧⡤⠀⠀⠐⢾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠒⠒⠰⠬⢤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣶⣀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠈⣤⣭⣉⣻⣇⠈⠊⠙⠹⠛⠻⢻⣿⣶⣶⢶⣿⣏⣉⣉⡋⠙⢿⣶⣿⣶⣤⠄⠀⠈⠛⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡠⠜⢃⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿ ⡄⠈⠙⠻⢦⠀⣀⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠦⠤⢤⣄⣀⣀⣸⡇⢸⡏⠀⠠⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠘⠻⢽⣷⣤⣤⣤⣴⡶⠭⢟⣻⣦⣥⣴⣶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠿⠷⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢻ ⠁⠀⠀⠐⠀⠐⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣯⣇⠀⣀⡀⠙⠻⢉⡇⠀⠾⠇⠀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣭⣽⣃⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠈⠉⠛⣏⠉⠓⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠘⠠⢳⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⢿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣸⣟⣷⡏⣾⠉⠛⠶⢤⣄⡈⠈⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢪⣯⣿⢿⢻⡗⠤⢤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠠⠄⠒⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⠐⡟⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘ ⣼⣿⣿⣿⣽⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣬⣍⣛⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠙⠂⠈⠁⠉⠀⠀⠈⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠄⡀⢌⡄⡤⠀⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢊⣀⣁⣉⣁⣉⣈⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢡⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/stirling-and-pan-european-seal-programme/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/stirling-and-pan-european-seal-programme/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ With_EPO_‘Strike_Regulations’_Belatedly_Ruled_Unlawful,_EPO_Management_May_be Lowering_the_Salary_Even_Further_by_Introducing_Outside_‘Temps’_or_Casual Workers⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 8:43 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Force-feeding Europe their unconstitutional vision 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Scabs⦈_ Summary: Institutional capture by an ‘IP’ (litigation) Mafia is nearly complete; with illegal so-called (anti) ‘Strike Regulations’ out_the_door, they’re quickly moving on to another plan, or so it seems on the surface SEVERAL days ago I saw and then publicly mentioned this new_post_from_Scotland, which said (it is already in Daily Links along with some editorial comments, expressing disbelief and wondering what this whole thing even means): The University of Stirling has joined the Pan-European Seal Programme, a prestigious EU training scheme, becoming the first in Scotland to partner with Europe’s leading Intellectual Property (IP) organisations: the EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) and the European Patent Office (EPO). [...] The Pan-European Seal Programme is jointly organised by Europe’s IP Offices, EPO and EUIPO, and offers paid, trainee roles in Alicante or Munich. What is that? Remember that EPO and EUIPO are deeply connected (also in a corrupt_sense) and there’s an influx/flow of unsuitably trained managers from Alicante to Munich (notably António_Campinos and his cronies). Yesterday the Central Staff Committee (CSC) of the EPO circulated a publication to explain what this new programme is all about. It bears resemblance to something from the Benoît_Battistelli era, aside from the Serco outsourcing [1, 2]. Likely illegal from the EPC’s perspective, but who pays attention to the EPC anymore? It’s just some paper, right? And staff’s rights can be abolished through contracting to some foreign firms. We already know that EPO managers bribe academia for bogus ‘studies’ and bribes media for propaganda or silence (including censorship of already-published articles about Serco outsourcing), so it’s useful to hear what this “Pan- European Seal Programme” is really about. It definitely sounds like a race to the bottom. “A new group of Pan-European Seal trainees joined the EPO in mid- September,” the CSC tells staff, “and one or more of these trainees may have recently joined your team or directorate. If you have wondered who they are, how they are affiliated with the EPO, and what their role is, this publication serves to provide a summary of the information available to us, and we hope it can be of use to answer some of your queries.” To me, personally, it certainly sounds like bringing low-cost labour from elsewhere, then forcing you to train the people who will later replace you. Only years ago the EPO limited the length/span of work contracts to just 5 years. Should workers be reading the writings on the wall? Maybe not. The CSC publication is trying to be cordial and informative. We reproduce it below. Zentraler Personalausschuss Central Staff Committee Le Comité Central du Personnel Munich, 14/10/2021 sc21125cp The Pan-European Seal Trainee Programme – What is it? Dear Colleagues, A new group of Pan-European Seal (PES) trainees joined the EPO in mid-September, and one or more of these trainees may have recently joined your team or directorate. If you have wondered who they are, how they are affiliated with the EPO, and what their role is, this paper serves to provide a summary of the information available to us, and we hope it can be of use to answer some of your queries. The Pan-European Seal programme is jointly organised by the EPO and EUIPO, and in collaboration with almost 100 member Universities, provides recently graduated students with paid, year-long traineeships that are described as “on-the-job work experience and professional training”. Although the PES programme was introduced at the EPO in 2015, you may have only become aware of it more recently, since the number of trainees is steadily increasing year-on-year, from 32 in 2015 to 117 in 2021, this scaling up due to its inclusion in the SP2023. The PES programme is open to applicants who already hold a bachelor’s/master’s degree, no more than two years after their most recent graduation, with language requirements of “a minimum level of B1” in any of the three official languages or “a very good level of English; knowledge of French or German is an advantage” depending which part of the same webpage is accurate. The graduates must first be shortlisted by their universities and then undergo a selection process by the EPO. The successful candidates are paid 2000 Euros per month, subject to local taxes, and the traineeship usually lasts 12 months, although the period was extended last year, and SP2023 documentation implies the expansion to a “2-year traineeship”. It is noted that many of these trainees are very likely already fully qualified for a regular appointment at the EPO, since the requirements for recruitment in job group 1-4 are a diploma at “master’s level” and “excellent knowledge of one official language and ability to understand one other”, and lower for recruitment in job groups 5-6. The trainees are deployed all across the Office in different departments. There are positions open for the trainees in seemingly all areas of the EPO, including formalities, HR, communications, talent academy, and interpreting. Within DG1, the examiner trainees are assigned to teams within selected areas of expertise. They follow “Course A” of the newcomer examiner academy training, and are then performing core search and examination work under the supervision of a mentor. This outsourced work is checked and signed off by their mentor, to whom the resulting points/actions are assigned. The very limited feedback we have received from mentors thus far is that they are satisfied with this arrangement and that the trainees are well equipped to complete the tasks assigned to them. The SP2023 programme passport of the PES scheme gives some indication of the intentions and future directions that the EPO is planning. In particular, it defines a benefit of the programme to be feeding “the talent acquisition pipeline” and that information regarding job vacancies will be communicated to current and former PES trainees. It further defines the goal of providing a “new legal and administrative framework” to be included in the CODEX that allows the trainees to be “considered as employees” and offers trainees “conditions of employment similar to those of other employees of the Office”. Finally, on behalf of the Staff Representation, we would like to extend a warm welcome to all the new PES trainees! Should you want any assistance or advice, you are invited to contact us at centralstaffcommittee@epo.org and we will do our best to help. If you are a mentor or otherwise involved in the PES programme and would like to share your experience, please also get in touch with us. The Central Staff Committee The CSC seems overly optimistic here, perhaps avoiding potential alienation/ embarrassment to newcomers, but with a management that steals_from_pensioners while lying_about_"a_gap" anything can be believed… The EPO is being_plundered. EU_officials_and_German_officials_look_the_other way as quality of patents collapses. We know too well who stands to lose and who stands to gain from this. This is another UPC but at the level of the granting authority (Office) rather than the courts all across the EU. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Staff can strike? Take them all out!⦈ The only strike oligarchs approve of is a drone strike (assassination). Union- busting or union-bombing? With the veneer of “academia”… ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣐⠲⡏⣽⢛⡗⡇⠘⣽⠫⢻⢨⡙⡟⡻⠫⢻⠩⢻⠸⢫⠛⠝⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣬⣥⣧⣭⣼⣧⣧⣴⣽⣬⣽⣬⣥⣧⣷⣬⣽⣬⣼⣼⣬⣦⣭⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣩⡛⡻⠛⡛⡏⠋⠉⠙⡟⠛⢟⡛⢻⡟⢻⣿⢹⡛⢛⣿⠙⡛⣻⢛⡿⣛⢛⢟⡟⠛⣻⠟⠛⡛⢛⢟⠉⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣷⣿⢿⡷⣷⣿⣿⣿⡷⢿⣿⣿⣾⡿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⡿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣮⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣥⣥⣤⣼⣿⣼⣵⣤⣿⣧⣤⣭⣼⣥⣧⣯⣤⣤⣬⣶⣬⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⡻⢿⣿⡛⡻⠟⢿⢟⡟⠻⡿⢿⢻⡿⣻⠻⡻⢟⠿⣿⢛⠿⢿⡟⢟⡿⢿⠻⢟⣿⢟⡿⣻⡿⢻⠿⡻⠿⣿⡿⡻⠻⢟⢿⡻⠟⡿⡿⠻⡿⠿⡿⢿⢟⢿⢿⢻⢿⠿⣿⢟⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣾⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣿⣾⣷⣷⣾⣴⣿⣶⣧⣾⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣶⣾⣶⣿⣾⣶⣾⣶⣼⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣶⣾⣷⣷⣾⣾⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠟⡟⣿⣻⢟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠟⡟⢿⠿⡟⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢻⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⣶⣿⣤⣥⣥⣧⣧⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠛⠗⠓⠚⠳⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣶⡶⠲⠶⠶⣶⣶⢲⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠻⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⠿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⡟⠻⡿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠉⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠦⢤⢶⠋⠛⠛⠈⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣼⣿⣶⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⢛⡛⠛⢙⢻⣿⢙⠋⡟⠻⢛⠉⠋⠙⠛⢛⢻⣿⢛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣾⣾⣾⣦⣶⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠈⠏⢙⠉⡃⠍⠉⡁⠅⡋⠅⡩⢞⡇⡏⢻⠋⢹⠩⢙⠉⢩⠉⡩⡉⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢀⢨⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⡐⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⢀⡨⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣵⢴⣄⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣁⣀⣎⣐⣽⣌⣡⣐⣅⣮⣂⣸⣇⣺⣀⣇⡃⣪⣀⣂⣸⣇⣸⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢄⡁⠀⠈⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣥⣼⣤⣁⣼⣤⣼⣄⣸⣷⣽⣥⣧⣤⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣷⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣾⣴⣿⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣴⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣤⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣿⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣦⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣽⠐⡩⢩⠀⡫⠉⡯⠍⡝⠙⠉⡇⠍⢙⢩⠉⣤⣿⡍⡝⠉⡟⢹⡏⢹⡏⠉⢝⡏⡍⢙⢘⠉⢩⣯⠍⠝⣏⠋⡉⢝⢩⠨⠉⠋⡍⢹⡧⠹⠉⡝⠘⢝⢩⣿⢩⠉⡋⠙⡍⣽⠨⡋⠉⡍⢹⡏⢝⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣄⣱⣁⡆⣿⣉⣹⣀⣗⣹⣇⣎⣎⣪⣔⣑⣿⢱⣍⣱⣏⣋⣼⣸⣇⣉⣎⣱⣭⣺⣇⣵⣹⣏⣌⣱⣁⣆⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⢩⢹⠛⣛⡟⡟⡻⡟⣻⡟⢻⢹⣻⠏⣟⢻⠙⢛⡋⡛⠛⢛⢟⠋⠛⣛⢻⡻⣿⢙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⣿⢉⢙⠍⢩⢈⠅⣉⢫⠈⠅⠉⣿⠩⡁⣝⠉⣏⢙⠍⢩⠉⡋⠉⡍⡩⡉⣝⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣂⣕⣀⣈⣆⣰⣡⣁⣁⣞⣿⣀⣆⣀⣁⣾⢡⣿⣐⣑⣀⣃⣰⣗⣷⣸⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⣿⠿⡿⡿⡿⣿⠿⢿⡿⢿⡿⠿⢻⢿⢿⣿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣦⣵⣴⣼⣴⣿⣨⣤⣼⣮⣬⣤⣦⣥⣷⣥⣴⣤⣦⣼⣧⣴⣥⣮⣬⣤⣤⣴⣤⣧⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣤⣤⣤⡤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡛⡿⢿⠟⢿⣿⡿⢿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡟⡿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣉⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣽⢉⣉⣹⡉⠙⠉⠁⠸⠉⢙⣋⣩⣉⣉⣁⣹⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⠋⠋⠇⠛⠛⠛⢿⠛⢻⠁⠛⡻⠚⠙⠟⡛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⢛⠛⡋⠛⡛⡟⢛⠋⢛⠛⢛⡏⡋⡛⠛⣿⢛⣟⠋⡿⠛⣟⡋⡏⠻⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠓⢻⠟⠛⠋⠉⠋⠛⢻⠛⠛⡏⠙⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣶⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣾⣿⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢓⡲⠲⠒⠖⠆⠚⠛⠟⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠉⠋⠉⡍⢝⠉⣿⢉⣿⢩⡋⢹⡏⢝⢩⠍⡫⠍⢹⠉⠉⣿⡟⡘⠉⣿⠩⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣛⣛⣻⣛⣓⣓⣚⣘⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⣛⣛⣟⣻⣟⣟⣟⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢷⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⣾⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣁⣜⣠⣃⣋⣞⣿⣀⣐⣰⣀⣩⣀⣐⣀⣆⣸⣀⣨⣂⣸⣞⣘⣧⣈⣄⣸⣠⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⠿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣥⣶⣥⣶⣥⣿⣬⣦⣼⣧⣧⣧⣤⣷⣴⣾⣿⣼⣴⣿⣰⣧⣴⣦⣧⣼⣄⣼⣧⣼⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣤⣴⣧⣮⣼⣦⣵⣧⣷⣤⣦⣤⣧⣤⣾⣶⣼⣼⣤⣿⣦⣾⣴⣷⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⡿⢿⢿⢻⣿⠿⣿⢻⠿⢿⢻⡟⠻⣿⢿⢻⠿⢿⣿⢻⠻⣿⢿⠿⣿⠻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢉⠍⠩⠘⡋⡋⡋⡋⠩⠉⣿⣍⠎⡫⡋⢩⡭⡯⢚⠩⠉⡩⢫⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣴⣷⣮⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣮⣾⣯⣾⣵⣷⣾⣮⣯⣾⣾⣾⣦⣾⣷⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡛⢙⢙⠛⢻⢻⡏⢛⠛⡋⢻⡟⠋⡛⡋⠛⡏⢙⠻⠛⢟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⢷⢶⢶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠭⠩⡋⢹⠉⡭⢩⢘⠉⠉⣿⣸⣼⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⢀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⡀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣐⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⠀⠘⠐⠲⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⡄⠀⠀⢀⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⣩⣤⣶⣶⢶⣶⣭⡉⠛⣯⣶⡿⠛⣿⢿⣿⣿⣽⢷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠃⠀⡇⠀⢠⠂⠀⠀⡀⠤⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⠃⡈⣿⣟⣡⣤⣤⡿⡺⠁⣴⣄⠻⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠤⣉⠑⠲⣁⠀⡐⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⠁⠰⣿⣜⣛⣛⣛⣛⣫⣥⣴⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡢⢄⣉⣐⣂⠭⠃⠀⠀⠐⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢷⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⢷⡤⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡶⡦⢶⣶⠆⣶⣶⢰⣶⢶⣶⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⢙⡛⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣷⢸⣿⢠⣿⣿⣸⣿⢻⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢰⣿⣿⡆⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⢐⣿⣾⡇⣾⢫⣾⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠘⠛⠘⠋⠛⠛⠋⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡻⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢷⣾⣷⣿⣏⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⣶⣶⡄⣶⣶⢰⣦⣶⠀⢰⡖⣶⠶⣶⠖⣶⢶⡆⣶⢰⣆⣶⢰⡶⠆⣶⣶⡄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣭⣵⣿⣿⣸⡿⣿⠀⢨⡿⣷⠀⣿⠀⣿⢻⡇⣿⢸⣿⣧⢸⡟⠃⣶⠿⠃ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣖⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⣀⡀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠈⠛⠛⠙⠋⠛⠛⠃⠛⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⠛⠀⠛⠘⠃⠛⠘⠃⠛⠚⠛⠃⠛⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠄⠴⠂⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⠀⣶⡆⠀⡉⠻⠛⠋⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⣺⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⢻⡶⢤⡀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⢳⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠨⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢨⢩⠅⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⡯⠻⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠘⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠐⠋⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣻⡿⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⢿⣿⡆⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠃⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣫⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢾⠀⠀⠀⠀⢩⣾⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣷⣦⣤⢤⣠⠤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣟⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣼⣿⣾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠶⠶⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣀⢄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠒⡛⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠁⠀⠀⡌⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⣨⣿⣿⠋⠿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⣶⣿⣼⠊⣙⣟⣻⣿⡒⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣤⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡉⠁⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣳⣷⣴⡸⢶⡇⡉⣠⠿⣿⣯⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠾⢿⡟⠓⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⣀⣾⣿⣇⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣖⣿⣷⣿⡴⣥⣤⡠⢶⢾⣿⣣⣶⣙⣿⣿⣟⣳⣵⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⣿⣷⣽⣯⢿⡿⣿⢫⣭⣭⣭⢛⣭⣭⣽⢫⣭⢫⣭⢭⣭⣭⣝⡟⣭⣭⣭⡝⣭⡝⣭⣽⢫⣭⣭⢻⣭⣭⢫⣭⡽⣿⡿⣭⣬⡝⣿⣭⣽⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣫⣭⣭⡟⢩⣭⢩⣭⢩⣭⣭⣭⢭⣭⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣈⣩⡉⠀⢻⣷⣬⣱⡈⢹⣿⠹⢸⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣾⡟⣼⣿⣏⣿⣿⡏⣿⡏⡇⣿⣧⣿⣿⢸⣿⣙⢾⣿⣿⣼⣿⡇⣿⣇⣿⣿⣷⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⢹⣿⢹⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣭⣫⣤⣄⣈⣿⣴⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⣸⣿⣽⣿⢸⣿⢿⣷⢹⣿⡏⠃⢻⠃⣿⡇⡇⣿⡏⣿⣿⢸⣿⠹⢼⣿⢻⣿⢿⡇⣿⢻⣿⣼⣿⢸⣿⡏⢿⣿⡇⢿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠈⢸⣿⢸⢸⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⣟⣿ ⠏⠘⠧⠻⣙⠋⠹⠿⢿⡸⣿⣤⡿⢿⡸⡿⠸⠿⠸⠿⠾⣿⣿⣧⡿⣧⡿⢇⠅⠿⣇⣿⢿⠸⠿⢿⡿⢿⣸⢟⣻⣇⣛⣸⢿⣘⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣿⣝⡿⠿⣫⣜⠿⠿⢟⣼⡸⠿⣰⡼⣿⣼⣿⣽⠟⢫⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣿⣶⢰⣯⣵⠹⠟⢛⢻⣿⣿⣛⣿⡿⣿⣧⣶⣤⣈⢉⣛⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣥⣬⣿⣯⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⣿⣟⣉⣛⡙⢿⣿⣭⣿⠿⣿⠟⢹⣿⡟⠟⢿⣽⣿⠿⠿⠿⢌⠋⠀⣨⣥⣽⣯⣿⣿⣤⣤⠙⡉⣙⣹ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1199 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2021/10/15/vivaldi-and-gpl/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2021/10/15/vivaldi-and-gpl/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Post_About_Whether_Vivaldi_is_a_GPL_violation_Was_Quietly_Knifed_by_the_Mods of_/r/uBlockOrigin_in_Reddit⠀✐ Posted in GPL, Law at 4:58 pm by Guest Editorial Team Guest post by Ryan, reprinted with permission from the originals [1, 2] This is the most Reddit thing ever. So I posted yesterday that Vivaldi Adblock is basically just a ripoff of Adblock Plus and uBlock-Origin code, and that code is licensed under the GNU GPLv3, which talks of “conveying” the software as part of a larger work. Which is what Vivaldi does. It’s really hard to write an ad blocker that works right, much less an entire web browser. Vivaldi admits that their browser engine is Chromium, but they’ve effectively plagiarized the ad blocker as their own by stamping a “Vivaldi Adblock” brand on it. When you do this, your work becomes part of the whole, and must be under a compatible license. However, Vivaldi as a whole is proprietary, meaning it likely violates the licenses of Adblock Plus and uBlock-Origin. However, when I posted to Reddit’s support forum for uBlock-Origin requesting a code review of Vivaldi’s source dump, they quietly changed it so that the only people who could see it are me and the moderators. Have a look. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇In_Reddit_on_Vivaldi⦈_ Many GPL violators get away with it because none of the copyright holders bother to enforce their license. If they’re not going to enforce their license, they should just go ahead and release it under a permissive license so that companies don’t get the idea that they can simply steal and misappropriate code and nothing will happen to them later involving the DMCA, similar laws, and court. (Which is what those companies use against a single mother of 3 who downloaded 14 MP3 files.) The copyright holders of the Linux kernel have never bothered enforcing their rights and so Linux gets stolen this way all the time. And yes, you can say someone stole/pirated Free Software if they misuse it against the terms of the license, assuming the concept of stealing/pirating software is a valid concept at all. The authors have as many rights as anyone else who releases a copyrighted work. Companies who want to get away with “Free Software piracy” and not get dragged into court, like Sony, commission work to replace software where the author will assert their rights (like when Sony sponsored Toybox to replace Busybox), and they also discourage people from giving copyright assignment to entities that will use it to protect the software from being misused, such as how they attack the Free Software Foundation and make it seem unfair that they asked for assignment. The result is, they are sometimes successful, and the project becomes hard to protect. In the past, Jamie Zawinski worked for an employer called Lucid. They forked Emacs because they wanted to add features to it without assigning copyright to the FSF. Some of them were good features, but the FSF had to implement them separately, without looking at “XEmacs”, and the two diverged, and eventually XEmacs faltered and died after Lucid went out of business. That fork and the death of all of that code never would have happened had they agreed to give the FSF copyright assignment and work in a participatory fashion, instead of taking JWZ’s attitude that “the FSF is impossible to work with”, after they received more from GNU Emacs than they ever would have given back. JWZ and others who encourage authors to strip the “or any later version” language from the LGPL and GPL licenses do the entire Free Software community a disservice years down the road, because newer versions of the licenses come out to address threats and harms to computing perpetuated by hostile entities such as Microsoft, Apple, and Sony, but people who find some software under, say, the GPLv2-only and the GPLv3 cannot legally convey them as part of a new work that takes the best of both and extends them, or “upgrade” the LGPLv2.1 to something compatible with the Apache v2 license, or any number of other possible combinations. This ultimately leaves us all worse off because of lost potential innovation, and people should simple leave the “or any later version” alone and trust other users and developers to make the right decisions 10 or 20 years down the road, instead of watching their software become difficult to use in anything, and then dying. Do you want that for your software? Because you shouldn’t. Unfortunately, Fedora and Red Hat are now part of IBM, and IBM attacks the GPL and FSF the same way Lucid and JWZ did, only they’re still a very large company who can do a lot more harm (on their own way down). The news has been overly kind to IBM, suggesting that they’re in anything other than some kind of a freefall, and I laugh when NPR is on in the car talking about IBM as if it has a bright future, then disclosing they take IBM money. =============================================================================== This is a blind paste from Reddit. Someone replied to my post about what would make Vivaldi Adblock a GPL violation and this is my response to that. The emphasis at the bottom, about extension store license policies is added to this blog for effect. Well, the question has come up before in the context of the Linux kernel. Their position is that the kernel exports “symbols” to drivers that are flagged “GPL-only” and ones that anyone can use. The programmers and lawyers decide which parts they feel are something that is “internal” and should be off limits to anything not under a compatible license. Unless Vivaldi has changed something dramatically in how the ublock-origin or Adblock Plus code works, I believe it should be using WebRequest API. Google’s (Chrome Extension) Manifest v3 didn’t go over so well because it wanted to set WebRequest API such that extensions can’t modify network requests and have to use a “DeclarativeNetRequest” API that has essentially been neutered to set an upper limit on the rules. However, since these extensions can use tons and tons of rules, and Vivaldi Adblock reports success loading well over 150,000 rules, I think it’s probably still WebRequest. Vivaldi said they were not happy with Google’s Manifest v3 and were moving ad blocking to an internal feature to safeguard against that. Obviously, if they don’t like the limitations on WebRequest, if Google decides to go through with them, Vivaldi can patch them back out and fork ad blocking to keep letting the user load as many rule sets as they like. Of course, there are other concerns, like Vivaldi doesn’t have a large base of users, and at this point it would basically be them and possibly Firefox not going along with the neutered WebRequest, and are people going to maintain lists for browsers that don’t neuter the API? Anyway, my point, I suppose, is if Vivaldi is distributing them as if it were two different programs and if they are just using WebRequest, that _might_ be okay as long as they release their modifications to the ad blocker code under the GPLv3. However, if they move it, (or already have moved it) to use a special internal API (like Brave-Adblock does, which is okay because Brave wrote their own and licensed it under MPLv2) in the browser that is not generally available to other extensions (because it performs better or something), that’s really where *I* would think they’d be in non-compliance. But I’m not a lawyer. I’m just comparing this to the “Linux” model of “If it’s available to everyone, go for it.”. Sniffing their description of “Vivaldi Adblock”, however, it seems they imply their built-in functionality performs better than an extension. If it uses WebRequest, then how does it perform better? See: https://vivaldi.com/features/ad-blocker/ Note: They also border on slandering uBlock-Origin just because it’s an extension that they don’t bundle. Lots of extensions are shady, even if they end up in Google’s store, but Raymond Hill seems trustworthy and if you make sure to only install open source extensions, you’re probably okay. In fact, one of the biggest downsides to Chromium browsers getting extensions from Google’s store vs. Firefox add-ons, is that Firefox lists what license you’re agreeing to, and Google doesn’t. “Oh, you paid us five bucks? Yeah, sure do whatever! Toss your Chinese malware in there!” -Google █ ⠀⣀⠀⠀⢀⠤⠄⡀⣀⡀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠛⠀⠀⠘⠋⠃⠉⠉⠁⠀⠉⠈⠀⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡀⢠⢄⡄⠀⣦⢀⢂⡄⢀⣴⠄⢀⣰⡀⡀⠀⣲⠰⠆⠀⡀⢖⠠⡄⠀⢴⣠⠀⣤⡀⢠⢠⡀⠀⣤⠀⢴⣄⠀⠠⡠⠀⣤⠀⡰⣤⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⡀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠀⠤⢀⠠⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⠠⠄⡠⠄⠀⠀⢀⢄⠤⠀⠠⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⡤⢄⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⣄⠠⠀⠀⢀⠠⠄⠀⠠⠠⠤⡀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⢀⠀⡀⣄⡀⡄⣀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⡀⠀⢀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠠⠀⠀⡄⠀⡄⠀⢀⡀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢀⢀⢀⠀⠁⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠁⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⢀⠀⢠⡄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⢀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣀⢀⢀⠀⡀⠠⠄⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢠⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⡀⡠⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀⠀⣀⠀⡀⠁⠀⣀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠈⠀⣀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠀⠀⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⣀⠀⡀⣀⢀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠠⢄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢄⢄⠠⡄⠀⠀⣤⢀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⣀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⡀⢀⢀⠀⠀⢄⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠠⠀⠀⢀⡄⠄⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡄⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠙⠋⠘⠃⠂⠛⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⢀⡄⢀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1451 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_15/10/2021:_Pine64′s_New_PinePhone_Pro_and_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_Codename⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:08 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Dell_Inspiron_15_3501_supports_Linux⠀⇛ With the Inspiron 15 3501, Dell has a 15.6-inch office laptop in its lineup with its technology housed in a slim, matte-black plastic case. The chassis lacks stability: The lid and the base unit in particular can be twisted a bit too much. The matte display (Full HD, IPS) offers stable viewing angles, good contrast, and decent color reproduction. However, the brightness and color- space coverage are too low. The built-in combination of the Core i7-1165G7 processor, 16 GB of RAM (dual-channel mode), and a 512 GB NVMe SSD (M.2 2230) equips the laptop for office and Internet applications. If the storage space isn’t enough, an additional 2.5-inch storage drive can be installed. You can also replace or expand the RAM. o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Google_adds_VM_support_to_Anthos,_admits_not_everyone_is ready_for_containerised_everything [Ed: Kubernetes becoming increasingly just an openwashing shim for proprietary software with back doors]⠀⇛ Google has added support for workloads running in virtual machines to its Anthos hybrid Kubernetes platform. “While we have seen many customers make the leap to containerization, some are not quite ready to move completely off of virtual machines,” wrote Google Application Modernization Platform vice-presidents Jeff Reed and Chen Goldberg. “They want a unified development platform where developers can build, modify, and deploy applications residing in both containers and VMs in a common, shared environment,” the pair added. o § Benchmarks⠀➾ # ⚓ The_“What_If”_Performance_Cost_To_Kernel_Page_Table Isolation_On_AMD_CPUs_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Made public this week by CPU security researchers at Graz University of Technology and CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security was the research paper published “AMD Prefetch Attacks through Power and Time”. The paper points to AMD CPUs suffering from a side-channel leakage vulnerability through timing and power variations of the PREFETCH instruction. The paper argues that AMD CPUs should activate stronger page table isolation by default. AMD has now published their security response where they are not recommending any mitigation changes at this time. But what if Kernel Page Table Isolation (KPTI/PTI) proves necessary for AMD CPUs? Here are some initial benchmarks showing what that performance impact could look like. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Excellent_System_Utilities:_Pingnoo_–_traceroute/ping analyser⠀⇛ Essential System Utilities is a series of articles highlighting essential system tools. These are small utilities, useful for system administrators as well as regular users of Linux based systems. The series examines both graphical and text based open source utilities. For details of all tools in this series, please check the table at the bottom. This article looks at Pingnoo, an open-source cross-platform application for analysing and measuring the round trip time (latency) between two hosts. It offers a graphical representation for traceroute and ping output. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ 10_Things_To_Do_After_Installing_Ubuntu_21.10⠀⇛ Once you’ve installed Ubuntu 21.10 check out this list of post-install tasks, all designed to help improve your default Ubuntu experience. This is the latest instalment in our ‘things to do‘ series and, as always, it is written for those who want to use Ubuntu as it comes, not make foundational changes that affect the operating system’s overall stability. Those who try Ubuntu 21.10 and decide it’s not for them — which is fine; it’s not for everyone — should switch to an Ubuntu flavour (or, more dramatically, a different distro) that better suits their needs. All of the tasks listed below are there as a guide, not a rule book; don’t feel like you have to follow every item. Pick out the tips that make sense for you, and ignore anything that doesn’t. Finally, if there’s an essential ‘thing’ you do after you install Ubuntu that is not included on our list, do share it down in the comments for other readers to learn from! # ⚓ Top_10_Things_to_Do_After_Installing_Ubuntu_21.10_Desktop_| UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ Everyone needs to tweak the default desktop environment before getting ready to work! And here are the top 10 things that I’ve done after installing Ubuntu 21.10 Impish Indri. # ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_to_Ubuntu_21.10_From_21.04⠀⇛ Here’s how you can upgrade from Ubuntu 21.04 to Ubuntu 21.10 “Impish Indri”. # ⚓ Access_AlmaLinux_8_remote_desktop_using_Windows_RDP_–_Linux Shout⠀⇛ Do you want to use Windows 7/8/10/11 RDP to connect and access Almalinux 8 GUI remote desktop? Then here is the way to do that by installing XRDP. RDP is the in-built feature of the Windows operating system, however, on Linux, we don’t have this feature. But we can get this with the help of XRDP, an open-source implementation of remote desktop protocols developed by Microsoft. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Zoom_in_Debian-Based_Linux_Distros⠀⇛ Zoom is one of the most popular applications for online meetings. Seeing its most significant user spike in 2020 during the COVID-19 lockdown, the communication platform integrates cloud video conferencing, media sharing, and real-time messaging into a simple application. Zoom has become a go-to software for hosting webinars, creating conference rooms, and organizing online meetings on all platforms including Linux distros. In today’s article, we present you with the quickest guide on how to install the latest version of Zoom on your Ubuntu machine. Not to worry, the same instructions apply to all Debian-based operating systems. # ⚓ How_to_Install_MATE_Desktop_1.26_on_Fedora_35_– LinuxCapable⠀⇛ For those not familiar with MATE Desktop Environment, it is the continuation of GNOME 2. It is famous for being lightweight, fast, and stable that runs on Linux and most BSD operating systems. MATE is also an excellent choice for a lower-end system or those looking to remain efficient on system resources. The newest version of MATE Desktop includes Wayland support for a swathe of desktop components and applications. # ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_From_Ubuntu_21.04_to_Ubuntu_21.10_Impish Indri_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ Ubuntu 21.10 officially released! Here’s what’s new and how to upgrade from the previous Ubuntu 21.04. Ubuntu 21.10, codenamed “Impish Indri”, is the new short-term release with 9 months support. It features Linux Kernel 5.13 with new hardware support. And it ships GNOME Desktop 40 with a redesigned activities overview screen. Workspaces are now arranged horizontally. Three-finger touchpad gestures are supported out-of-the-box to toggle overview and switch workspaces. For Ubuntu Server 21.10, it integrates OpenStack Xena, QEMU 6.0, PHP8, libvirt 7.6, Kubernetes, and Ceph with advanced life-cycle management tools. # ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_Ubuntu_21.04_to_Ubuntu_21.10_Impish_Indri_– LinuxCapable⠀⇛ Ubuntu has officially released the Ubuntu 21.10 codenamed Impish Indri. This has seen the introduction of GNOME 40 as the default desktop, and sadly GNOME 41 did not make the final cut. The release also introduces Linux Kernel 5.13 among new applications and other back-end performance improvements. # ⚓ How_to_create_database_migration_in_Laravel_–_Anto_./ Online⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_install_the_Vidiot_video_editor_on_Linux⠀⇛ Are you in need of a simple non-linear video editor for Linux? Consider checking out Vidiot. It’s a straightforward editor tool targeted at new users. It does basic things like compositing, changing speed, transitions, titles, and other essential things a user would want when editing. The Vidiot video editor works on Linux, and the developer has ported the program to Ubuntu and Debian via a downloadable DEB package. Additionally, the users can install the application via a standalone TarGZ archive and a Snap package via the Snap store. Here’s how to get it working on your Linux system. # ⚓ How_to_install_and_configure_docker_In_Centos_8_–_Citizix⠀⇛ Docker is an open source containerization platform. It enables developers to package applications into containers—standardized executable components combining application source code with the operating system (OS) libraries and dependencies required to run that code in any environment. Docker is a set of platform as a service products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers. Containers are isolated from one another and bundle their own software, libraries and configuration files; they can communicate with each other through well- defined channels. In this guide we are going to explore various options to install docker in Centos 8… # ⚓ How_to_install_RPG_Paper_Maker_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install RPG Paper Maker on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/ audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ Effective_Tips_To_Improve_Linux_Environment⠀⇛ Many people have used the Windows environment for several years and before they migrate to Linux, they feel like they are in a different world. Linux was released in 1991 and has been a free, open- source OS that has gained immense popularity in the world of technology. It offers several benefits to the users but to enjoy better performance, you need to pay attention to Linux installation. Domain brokerage service experts have seen a rise in the number of buyers running their systems on a Linux environment. It is important to ensure that the environment runs smoothly and effectively so as to avoid any challenges to the crucial applications. Let us take a look at some tips to improve the Linux environment. There are several background elements and services running on every server in Linux. But all these components are not always necessary. Such extras will take up a lot of CPU and RAM space. It is best to incapacitate them with the startup script which starts the unnecessary services in the booting time. Once you disable the extra services, it is possible for you to make more memory space available, boost the performance of the OS, and cut the start-up time. # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ KDE_Plasma_5.23_Continues_the_Trend_of_Incremental Improvements⠀⇛ The new KDE Plasma 5.23 release offers users a more beautiful Plasma desktop and immersive experience for its 25th Anniversary. Let’s start with some clarification: KDE Plasma 5.23 desktop environment has just been released, but if you were expecting a revolution in how you use your desktop, that is not the release for you. This release is mainly focused on small but very useful features and incremental improvements. And to be honest, it has done a brilliant job with this task. So let’s go through the updates. # ⚓ Congrats_KDE⠀⇛ If you you like open source you embrace it fully and embrace that it is about freedom, and part of that freedom is to make a desktop for people that don’t mind options.. you like a different desktop with less options?, great we in open source also made that for you enjoy.. and a ton of other things in between, that is what is great about it.. freedom to experiment.. freedom to choose.. The vast majority of the Designers in KDE do their work in their free time without any more compensation than an occasional thank you, back in my time we were no more than 2- 3 people at any given time… Please stop comparing us to the likes of Apple and Microsoft, 2-3 designers can’t do the work that you expect from multiple hundreds ? The simple fact that sometimes we nail things better is bloody amazing.. so… Yeah… c’mon we do it for the users not to get random abuse online… # ⚓ Kdenlive_on_TV_for_a_main_national_Italian broadcaster⠀⇛ Our beloved application was able to deliver the content keeping to a deadline (which on TV is always very tight), at the requested quality standard, and in the required format. Also, Kdenlive allowed us to quickly carry out a lot of the modifications the network asked for to better adjust the content to their internal policy. But this is not the end of our quest for quality and improvement, in fact, it is only the beginning. It is, however, a sign we are moving in the right direction. But we cannot carry on without you, our community. You help us improve, and we would love to share your recent productions with the world. Send us your work and help us and others learn how Kdenlive is being used and how the community is growing. # ⚓ Kubuntu_21.10_Impish_Indri_Released⠀⇛ The Kubuntu Team is happy to announce that Kubuntu 21.10 has been released, featuring the ‘beautiful’ KDE Plasma 5.22: simple by default, powerful when needed. Codenamed “Impish Indri”, Kubuntu 21.10 continues our tradition of giving you Friendly Computing by integrating the latest and greatest open source technologies into a high-quality, easy-to-use Linux distribution. The team has been hard at work through this cycle, introducing new features and fixing bugs. Under the hood, there have been updates to many core packages, including a new 5.13- based kernel, KDE Frameworks 5.86, KDE Plasma 5.22 and KDE Gear 21.08. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾ # ⚓ CutefishOS_Built_on_Ubuntu_Run_Through_–_Invidious⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at CutefishOS Built on Ubuntu. # ⚓ CutefishOS_Built_on_Ubuntu⠀⇛ Today we are looking at CutefishOS Built on Ubuntu. It comes with Linux Kernel 5.11, based on Ubuntu 21.10, and uses about 900MB of ram when idling. Enjoy! # § Arch Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Arch_Linux_vs_Ubuntu:_which_to_choose?⠀⇛ Arch Linux and Ubuntu are two major Linux distributions that both get a lot of attention, have dedicated fanbases, and are used base-distributions for other systems that are forked off of them… But, how they do things are quite different, and some users might find one more to their liking than the other. It’s no secret to anyone who has followed previous articles I’ve written on Ghacks, that I love Arch Linux and its derivatives… But, that’s not to say that Ubuntu and Ubuntu-based systems are something I don’t use. Actually, I have multiple Ubuntu systems running as I write this, and zero Arch based systems. I use Ubuntu as a server distribution right now, on three different servers. I love the APT system for package management, and I find Ubuntu stable and secure, with a huge support community for any issues I may face. # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ My_Fedora_Linux_home_network_part_1_–_the_data server⠀⇛ The following article is the first of a series about how I’ve used the Fedora Linux operating system to create a home network. My goal is to demonstrate a few ways that Fedora Linux can be useful to a home user or a Small Office / Home Office (SOHO) user and to encourage more people to test, implement and use Fedora Linux. There is also demand in the workforce for Information Technology (IT) professionals who are ready to step into duties that require familiarity with Linux. With Linux, you can start without big investments. You can use what equipment you have and grow with your idea # ⚓ A_new_conceptual_model_for_Fedora⠀⇛ It’s no news now that Fedora has a new logo, and what you may not realize is that we do not have a new website – when we began the new logo rollout process, we simply updated the logo in-place on our pre-existing website. The thing is – and this is regardless of the underlying code or framework under-girding the website, which I have no issues with – the messaging and content on the current getfedora.org website has not kept pace with the developments, goals, and general narrative of the Fedora project. We have a lot of different initiatives, developments, and collaborations happening at what I find at times is a dizzying pace that is challenging to keep up with. The number of different fronts that Fedora development takes place on and the low, technical level they occur at makes it difficult to understand the big picture of what exactly Fedora is, and why and how would one want to use it. # ⚓ 3_ways_to_manage_RPG_character_sheets_with_open source⠀⇛ It’s that time of year again for gamers everywhere. Tomorrow is Free RPG Day, a day when publishers across the tabletop role-playing game industry release games for players both new and experienced, and they’re all completely free. Although Free RPG Day was canceled in 2020, it’s back this year as a live event with some virtual support by way of free RPG sampler downloads from Dungeon Crawl Classics and Paizo. And if the event’s virtual offerings aren’t enough, you might check out my list of open source tabletop RPGs. Over the past two years, like most people, I’ve been playing my tabletop games online. I use open source video conferencing and some shared mapping software. Don’t get me wrong: I love my pen and paper for analog games. To this day, I rarely leave home without my 2E5 quad book so I can sketch out dungeon maps on the go. But I find my computer desk gets pretty cluttered between RPG sourcebooks, splat books, random tables, dice tower, dice, and character sheets. To clear some space, I’ve recently adopted a digital system for my character sheets, for both my player characters and non-player characters when I DM. # ⚓ Reach_your_open_source_community_with_content marketing [Ed: IBM has totally lost direction; this is how they think of Free software...]⠀⇛ Both startups and more established firms are increasingly turning to content marketing as a way of reaching prospective customers. However, corporate marketers often consider the open source software (OSS) community a challenge to reach. This article features ways your technology and content marketing teams can work together to target and reach the community around an OSS project your organization supports. # ⚓ Why_digital_transformation_demands_a_change_in leadership_mindset⠀⇛ Recently a key retail executive forecast that their industry will change more in the next five years than it has in the past fifty. Another executive believes society will change more in the next fifty years than it has in the last three hundred. A recent headline declared that, “We are approaching the fastest, deepest, most consequential technological disruption in history”, and Ray Kurzweil, Google’s Director of Engineering and co-Founder of Singularity University, has said that there will be fourteen internet size revolutions in the next decade. Whichever way you look at it, things are shifting… fast. When you speak with the visionaries and entrepreneurs actually building the solutions of tomorrow, from on-demand retail to vertical farms, and ask how far into this new era we are, almost universally the reply is: “only one percent”. Imagine then, where we will be ten years from now? How about 50? Major industries, from medicine to energy to travel to entertainment, are radically transforming, putting pressure on others such as manufacturing, construction, transportation, finance, education…frankly, all of it. What an extraordinary opportunity this presents. # ⚓ DevSecOps_lessons_learned_during_a_pandemic_|_The Enterprisers_Project⠀⇛ As we’ve seen over the past year and a half, the pandemic has accelerated digital transformation and forever changed workplace culture. Increased reliance on digital tools has elevated the value of DevSecOps, as enterprises of all sizes and across all industries realize the importance of automating and integrating security at every phase of the software development lifecycle – from initial design through integration, testing, deployment, and product delivery. My engineering team was no exception to this shift – we had to quickly prepare to build a new Virtana SaaS platform and deliver several new modules, all while working remotely. Here I’ll share some observations, pain points, and lessons learned to help others intelligently embrace DevSecOps best practices within their teams. # § Devuan Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Devuan_debuts_version_4.0_–_as_usual_without_a_hint of_the_hated_systemd⠀⇛ The team of self-described “veteran Unix admins” who opposed Debian’s adoption of systemd instead of sysvinit init, have released a fourth version of their alternative Linux distro, “Devuan”. Devuan Chimaera 4.0 is based on Debian 11.1, and version 5.10 of the Linux Kernel. That version of the kernel enjoys long-term support until 2026, and Debian 11.1 will also be tended to until that year. Devuan’s devs are clearly thinking long-term! # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_Codename_is_a_Jolly_Good_Choice⠀⇛ The new name was posted on Launchpad, home of Ubuntu development, as is tradition. But what does the codename tell us? Can we glean anything from this mercurially minded moniker? Jammy is an interesting adjective. Broadly speaking it means to be filled with jam (what American’s call jelly) or something that has the consistency of jam. But the word ‘jammy’ is also used informally in the UK to mean someone or something that is very lucky or fortunate, e.g., “that jammy cat had an extra plate of milk!”. # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_Impish_Indri_Released_with_Flavors Download_Links,_Mirrors_and_Torrents⠀⇛ Congratulations to Ubuntu community, finally Ubuntu 21.10 Impish Indri released Thursday, 14 October 2021! This latest operating system is released for Desktop, Server, and Internet of Things computers. Canonical published all information at its official website. However, this article will help you to download Ubuntu including Flavors from Kubuntu to Kylin, verify their checksums, make bootable medium, and install it to your machine. # ⚓ Canonical_launches_Ubuntu_21.10_for_desktop_and server⠀⇛ The latest version of the world’s most popular Linux distribution, Ubuntu 21.10, codenamed ‘Impish Indy’, has landed on Canonical’s download channels. The highlight of the release is the inclusion of GNOME 40 as the default desktop environment, bringing aboard a horizontal workspace switcher and application launcher, and also a set of new touchpad gestures. # ⚓ Canonical_Releases_Ubuntu_Linux_21.10_Impish_Indri⠀⇛ # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_Available,_News_and_Download⠀⇛ We are launching today and to crown the day, here is Ubuntu 21.10 ‘Impish Indri’ , a new intermediate version of «the distribution of the people» that … does not point ways, no sir. But let’s go in parts. Ubuntu 21.10 is the run of Ubuntu 21.04 ‘Hiruste Hippo’ launched last April and like this one, whose cycle ends next January, will consist of only nine months of support, although the upgrade procedure to the next Ubuntu version will be ready quite a bit. before that time comes. What’s new in Ubuntu 21.10 Among the general news of Ubuntu 21.10, extendable to the rest of the family, is the kernel Linux 5.13 and Mesa 21.2 as prominent components. In the case of Ubuntum, in addition, Wayland is maintained by default even when using the proprietary Nvidia drivers, as this version comes with that support ready. Ubuntu 21.10 also stands out for finally dressing GNOME 40 and although GNOME 41 came out recently, it is not enough to ask the distro not to adopt it. Now that could have been prepared because time to spare, too. But it’s not a bad deal either. In fact, with GNOME comes almost all the new features at the desktop level. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Extreme_Overclocker_Takes_Raspberry_Pi_to_3_GHz⠀⇛ Some people will do anything for a speed boost, prying the lids off expensive i9s and subjecting them to all manner of chilly chemical concoctions to drag every last megahertz out of the silicon. We’ve not seen anybody do such an extreme overclock with a Raspberry Pi before, but there’s a first time for everything. Claude Schwarz has overclocked his Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 to an extraordinary 3 GHz. [...] Schwarz’s earlier efforts saw him overclock the Compute Module 4 to 2.89 GHz, still an extreme speed boost over the stock 1.5 GHz. As well as using liquid metal thermal paste, Schwarz used active cooling on the Compute Module 4 in the form of a heatsink and fan designed for the Raspberry Pi (which could be a 52Pi model cooler). Taking the steps to overclock even further Schwarz disabled power management features to unlock a higher overclock, resulting in much higher CPU speeds than we can achieve with a typical overclock. We should probably say at this point that anyone doing this is on their own, as these extreme actions will definitely void your warranty, and we take no responsibility for whatever happens if you try it. A little more fumbling in the Pi’s firmware – what Schwarz refers to as “removing all safety nets” – and the CM4 is running at an impressive 2.4GHz at 26.2°C (79.16°F). Not bad for a board that started life at 1.5GHz and didn’t require cooling. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Printed_Piano_Mechanism_Sure_Is_Grand_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ Do you know how a piano works? Sure, you press a key and a hammer strikes a string, but what are the finer points of this operation? The intricacy of the ingenious mechanism is laid bare in [Mechanistic]’s 3D- printed scale model of a small section of the grand piano keyboard. The ‘grand’ distinction here is piano length-agnostic and simply refers to any non-upright. Those operate the same way, but are laid out differently in order to save space. # ⚓ FPGA_Boards_Add_VGA_And_HMDI_Interfaces_To_The Original_Game_Boy_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ The classic Game Boy remains a firm favorite in the realm of retrocomputing. Revolutionary as it was at the time, by today’s standards its display is rather primitive, with no backlight and a usable area measuring only 47 mm x 44 mm. [Martoni] figured out a way to solve this, by developing GbVGA and GbHdmi, two projects that enable the Game Boy to connect to an external monitor. This way, you can play Super Mario Land without straining your eyes, and we can also image potential uses for those who stream their gameplay online. # ⚓ Art_Project_Fast_And_Fouriously_Transforms_Audio_Into Eye_Candy_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ The overall build is relatively simple. Audio is acquired via a line-in jack or a microphone, and then piped into an ESP32. The ESP32 runs the audio through the FFT routine, sampling, slicing, and dicing the audio into 16 individual bands. The visual output is displayed on a 16 x 16 WS2812 Led Matrix. [mircemk] wrote several routines for displaying the incoming audio, with a waterfall, a graph, and other visualizations that are quit aesthetically pleasing. Some of them are downright mesmerizing! You can see the results in the video below the break. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Sky_Brasil_ops_for_t4h_Android_TV_remote⠀⇛ # ⚓ Stable_One_UI_4_(Android_12)_‘likely’_to_arrive before_the_end_of_the_year_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12_CDD_Defines_‘Performance_Class’ Requirements_for_OEMs⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_Galaxy_A21_gets_Android_11_and_One_UI_3.1 update_in_the_United_States⠀⇛ # ⚓ Rockchip_RK3566_Benchmarks_in_Android_11_(Zidoo_M6)_– CNX_Software⠀⇛ # ⚓ Motorola_Android_11_update:_List_of_eligible_devices &_release_date⠀⇛ # ⚓ Palm_teases_new_pair_of_earbuds_for_one_of_the tiniest_Android_phones_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛ # ⚓ HTC_Vive_Flow_uses_Android_phones_as_a_VR_controller –_9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Monument_Valley_2, more_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Best_Android_Games_on_Sale_This_Week_–_Reigns: Game_of_Thrones,_Gris,_Botanicula_and_More_–_Droid Gamers⠀⇛ # ⚓ ColorOS_12:_The_12_Best_Features_in_Oppo’s_Android Phones⠀⇛ # ⚓ Many_Android_flagships_will_use_MediaTek_Dimensity 2000_SoC_next_year_-⠀⇛ # ⚓ 5_Ways_To_Fix_Touch_Screen_Issues_On_Your_Android Phone⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_much_do_you_trust_your_Android_smartphone?_A_new study_suggests_its_spying_on_you_|_Euronews⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_To_View_Your_Notification_History_On_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ Roku_Starts_Rolling_Out_OS_10.5-Focused_Updates_to Android_Mobile_App_on_Oct._15th_|_Cord_Cutters_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ New_ZTE_ZPAD_10_Android_Tablet_Now_at_TELUS_| Business_Wire⠀⇛ # ⚓ SD_Times_news_digest:_Android_Basics_in_Kotlin course;_SharePoint_Framework_1.13_release_candidate; Crystal_1.2_–_SD_Times⠀⇛ # ⚓ Realme_UI_3.0_beta_roadmap_revealed:_When_will_your phone_get_Android_12?_|_Technology_News,The_Indian Express⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_redesigns_its_Weather_widget_for_Android_12_– 9to5Google⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_12-based_Realme_UI_3.0_is_now_official: Here’s_what_you_need_to_know_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Samsung_One_UI_4.0_(Android_12)_update_tracker: Eligible_devices_&_more⠀⇛ # ⚓ Chrome_for_Android_might_be_getting_this_feature previously_reserved_for_desktop⠀⇛ # ⚓ Google’s_Pixel_6_reveal_event_is_Oct._19:_How_to watch_the_Android_phone_reveal_–_CNET⠀⇛ # ⚓ What_fitness_tech_and_apps_do_the_Android_Central staff_actually_use?_|_Android_Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Best_clock_widgets_for_Android_–_Phandroid⠀⇛ # ⚓ Lenovo_launches_Tab6_5G_mid-range_Android_tablet_in Japan_–_Liliputing⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Clear_the_Cache_on_an_Android_Device⠀⇛ # ⚓ Alarm_Didn’t_Go_Off_on_Your_Android_Phone?_Here’s_How to_Fix_It⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_Android_is_tracking_you_even_when_you_think you’ve_opted_out⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_To_Change_Keyboard_On_Android_And_Best_Ones_To Try_First⠀⇛ # ⚓ BenQ_GS50:_IPX2_portable_projector_launches_with built-in_speakers_and_Android_TV_–_NotebookCheck.net News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_data_sharing_remains_significant,_no_opt-out available_to_users_–_Help_Net_Security⠀⇛ # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_Linux_Smartphone_Unveiled_with_4GB_RAM, Custom_Rockchip_SoC⠀⇛ Meet the PinePhone Pro, PINE64′s latest Linux-powered and Open Source smartphone device featuring a custom-made RK3399S Rockchip Hexa-Core processor that runs at at 1.5GHz and allows the smartphone to receive calls and SMS messages during suspend state, thus preserving battery. PinePhone Pro also features a gorgeous in- cell IPS 1440×720 display covered with Corning Gorilla Glass 4, 4GB of dual-channel 800MHz LPDDR4 RAM, 128GB of internal eMMC flash storage, a high-fidelity 13MP rear camera, and a 5MP front-facing camera for video calls and selfies, Wi-Fi 802.11ac, Bluetooth 4.1, and an ARM Mali T860 GPU. # ⚓ Must_Read:_$399_PinePhone_Pro_Announced_with_More Power,_4GB_RAM⠀⇛ PinePhone Pro is billed as “the fastest mainline Linux smartphone on the market” and packs some serious performance upgrades compared to the original PinePhone. More powerful, the new model comes outfitted with a six-core ARM processor, 4GB RAM, and 128GB internal memory. Physical hardware privacy dip switches are also included as standard. # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_is_a_faster_Linux_Smartphone_for_$399⠀⇛ Most modern smartphones ship with Android or iOS, but there’s also a small, but growing number of phones designed to run Linux-based operating systems. And it’s likely that no phone has been more successful in spurring the development of mobile Linux distributions than the PinePhone, an inexpensive phone that’s made mobile Linux accessible. But while the PinePhone’s $150 starting price makes the device attractive, it’s only possible because the phone’s hardware is… not great. So now the folks at Pine64 have introduced a new phone for folks that want to run mainline Linux on a phone with more powerful hardware. Meet the PinePhone Pro. # ⚓ Pine64_Announces_Updated_PinePhone_Pro_Linux_Powered Cell_Phone⠀⇛ Pine64 today announced its latest Linux- powered device, the PinePhone Pro, an update to the original PinePhone which sees a more powerful device running mainline Linux (Manjaro in this case) on a mobile device that works as a cell phone and a desktop computer. # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_launches_with_RK3399_and_4GB_RAM⠀⇛ Pine64 opened $399 developer pre-orders for a Linux driven “PinePhone Pro” with a power- efficient RK3399S variant, 4GB LPDDR4, 128GB flash, 6-inch screen, LTE and WiFi-ac, and 13MP and 5MP cameras. Pine64 unveiled a Linux smartphone follow-on to its PinePhone that advances from a quad - A53 Allwinner A64 to an RK3399S variant of the hexa-core -A72 and -A53 RK3399 that was developed especially for Pine64 by Rockchip. The PinePhone Pro is available to Pine64 developers for $399, with shipments expected in December. A production version will soon follow and is expected ship in early 2022. # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_Is_Here!_Plus_An_Exclusive_Interview with_Pine64⠀⇛ Pine64 is at it again, just when you thought they couldn’t possibly have any more tricks up their sleeves after the announcement of the PineNote, today Pine64 has revealed the new PinePhone Pro! The community has been talking about this device since the moment the PinePhone was announced with anticipation of what it could be and that day has come. The PinePhone Pro is here! The Pinebook was a break through device that showed that a product could be made at very low costs and be successful. The Pinebook Pro was the successor to this break through device and it lived up to its “Pro” label by making it much more powerful and capable of a device. So this begs the question, “does the PinePhone Pro live up to the label”? Let’s see. # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_Announced_As_New_Linux_Smartphone_– Phoronix⠀⇛ The PinePhone Pro is being announced this morning as the organization’s new smartphone building upon the successes and experience of the original PinePhone Linux smartphone. The PinePhone Pro is a more polished Linux smartphone that is powered by a Rockchip hexa-core 1.5GHz SoC, 4GB of LPDDR4 RAM, 128GB of eMMC flash stoage, 13MP + 5MP cameras, and a display completed with using Corning Gorilla Glass 4. # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_Linux_smartphone_to_feature_a_power- optimized_Rockchip_RK3399S_processor_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ Pine64 has now announced the PinePhone Pro Linux smartphone with a Rockchip RK3399S hexa-core processor clocked at 1.5 GHz, that’s a power-optimized version of the popular Rockchip RK3399 processor. It will provide a noticeable upgrade to the PinePhone Linux smartphones launched in November 2019, which, by today’s standards, is quite underpowered. Besides the faster processor, PinePhone Pro also comes with 4GB RAM and 128 GB storage which should make it a better candidate at mobile desktop convergence, as well as a 5.95-inch display with 1440×720 resolution, a 13MP rear camera, a 5MP front-facing camera, and more. # ⚓ PinePhone_Pro_–_Do_Linux_Phones_have_their_flagship? –_Invidious⠀⇛ The PinePhone PRO was just announced! I own a regular PinePhone, and while it’s a great device to try out, and develop for mobile versions of Linux, I always felt the hardware couldn’t really carry that phone into a daily driver state for me. It seems like The Pine 64 have decided to offer a more premium device this time around, o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ ThreatMapper:_Open_source_platform_for_scanning_runtime environments_–_Help_Net_Security⠀⇛ Deepfence announced open source availability of ThreatMapper, a signature offering that automatically scans, maps and ranks application vulnerabilities across serverless, Kubernetes, container and multi-cloud environments. # § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Jan-Erik_Rediger:_Fenix_Physical_Device Testing⠀⇛ The Firefox for Android (Fenix) project runs extensive tests on every pull request and when merging code back into the main branch. While many tests run within an isolated Java environment, Fenix also contains a multitude of UI tests. They allow testing the full application, interaction with the UI and other events. Running these requires the Android emulator running or a physical Android device connected. To run these tests in the CI environment the Fenix team relies on the Firebase test lab, a cloud-based testing service offering access to a range of physical and virtual devices to run Android applications on. To speed up development, the automatically scheduled tests associated with a pull request are only run on virtual devices. These are quick to spin up, there is basically no upper limit of devices that can spawn on the cloud infrastructure and they usually produce the same result as running the test on a physical device. # ⚓ CTCFT_2021-10-18_Agenda⠀⇛ After the CTCFT this week, we are going to try an experimental social hour. The hour will be coordinated in the #ctcft stream of the rust-lang Zulip. The idea is to create breakout rooms where people can gather to talk, hack together, or just chill. # ⚓ Hacked!_Unravelling_a_data_breach⠀⇛ The bottom line: If you get snagged in a data breach, tie up any loose threads quickly to protect yourself, and stay on top of monitoring your accounts for suspicious activity. # ⚓ Dyn_async_traits,_part_5⠀⇛ If you’re willing to use nightly, you can already model async functions in traits by using GATs and impl Trait — this is what the Embassy async runtime does, and it’s also what the real- async-trait crate does. One shortcoming, though, is that your trait doesn’t support dynamic dispatch. In the previous posts of this series, I have been exploring some of the reasons for that limitation, and what kind of primitive capabilities need to be exposed in the language to overcome it. My thought was that we could try to stabilize those primitive capabilities with the plan of enabling experimentation. I am still in favor of this plan, but I realized something yesterday: using procedural macros, you can ALMOST do this experimentation today! Unfortunately, it doesn’t quite work owing to some relatively obscure rules in the Rust type system (perhaps some clever readers will find a workaround; that said, these are rules I have wanted to change for a while). # § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾ # ⚓ LibreOffice_7.2.2_for_Slackware-current_is available⠀⇛ LibreOffice Community Edition 7.2.2 was released yesterday and I have uploaded a new set packages for Slackware-current. The document conversion libraries have been split off and made available via the Document Liberation Project : documentliberation.org . It is the home for a growing community of developers ‘united to free users from vendor lock-in of content‘. Software like Calligra, Inkscape and Scribus also make good use of the document format conversion capabilities these libraries offer. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Josef_Strzibny:_Organizing_business_logic_in_Rails with_contexts⠀⇛ Rails programmers have almost always tried to figure out the golden approach to business logic in their applications. From getting better at object-oriented design, to service objects, all the way to entirely new ideas like Trailblazer or leaving Active Record altogether. Here’s one more design approach that’s clean yet railsy. # ⚓ Status_update,_October_2021⠀⇛ On this dreary morning here in Amsterdam, I’ve made my cup of coffee and snuggled my cat, and so I’m pleased to share some FOSS news with you. Some cool news today! We’re preparing for a new core product launch at sr.ht, cool updates for our secret programming language, plus news for visurf. Simon Ser has been hard at work on expanding his soju and gamja projects for the purpose of creating a new core sourcehut product: chat.sr.ht. We’re rolling this out in a private beta at first, to seek a fuller understanding of the system’s performance characteristics, to make sure everything is well-tested and reliable, and to make plans for scaling, maintenance, and general availability. In short, chat.sr.ht is a hosted IRC bouncer which is being made available to all paid sr.ht users, and a kind of webchat gateway which will be offered to unpaid and anonymous users. I’m pretty excited about it, and looking forward to posting a more detailed announcement in a couple of weeks. In other sourcehut news, work on GraphQL continues, with paste.sr.ht landing and todo.sr.ht’s writable API in progress. Our programming langauge project grew some interesting features this month as well, the most notable of which is probably reflection. I wrote an earlier blog post which goes over this in some detail. There’s also ongoing work to develop the standard library’s time and date support, riscv64 support is essentially done, and we’ve overhauled the grammar for switch and match statements to reduce a level of indentation for typical code. In the coming weeks, I hope to see date/time support and reflection fleshed out much more, and to see some more development on the self-hosted compiler. [...] The goal of this project is to provide a conservative CSS toolkit which allows you to build web interfaces which are compatible with marginalized browsers like Netsurf and Lynx. # § Perl/Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ Monthly_Report_–_September⠀⇛ The month of September is very special to me personaly. Why? Well, I got married in the very same month 18 years ago. The best part is, I choose the day 11 to get married. I have never missed my wedding anniversary, thanks to all the TV news channel. # ⚓ My_Favorite_Warnings:_uninitialized_|_Tom_Wyant [blogs.perl.org]⠀⇛ This warning was touched on in A Belated Introduction, but I thought it deserved its own entry. When a Perl scalar comes into being, be it an actual scalar variable or an array or hash entry, its value is undef. Now, the results of operating on an undef value are perfectly well- defined: in a nuneric context it is 0, in a string context it is ”, and in a Boolean context it is false. The thing is, if you actually operate on such a value, did you mean to do it, or did you forget to initialize something, or initialize the wrong thing, or operate on the wrong thing? Because of the latter possibilities Perl will warn about such operations if the uninitialized warning is enabled. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Client-side_content_scanning_as_an_unworkable, insecure_disaster_for_democracy_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Fourteen of the world’s leading computer security and cryptography experts have released a paper arguing against the use of client-side scanning because it creates security and privacy risks. Client-side scanning (CSS, not to be confused with Cascading Style Sheets) involves analyzing data on a mobile device or personal computer prior to the application of encryption for secure network transit or remote storage. CSS in theory provides a way to look for unlawful content while also allowing data to be protected off-device. Apple in August proposed a CSS system by which it would analyze photos destined for iCloud backup on customers’ devices to look for child sexual abuse material (CSAM), only to backtrack in the face of objections from the security community and many advocacy organizations. The paper [PDF], “Bugs in our Pockets: The Risks of Client-Side Scanning,” elaborates on the concerns raised immediately following Apple’s CSAM scanning announcement with an extensive analysis of the technology. # ⚓ Vivaldi_Adblock_is_mostly_Adblock_Plus_and_ublock- origin.⠀⇛ The Vivaldi browser has a built-in ad blocker. However, the company hasn’t been extremely forthcoming about how it works. However, it seems to accept any list in adblock plus format, and Vivaldi seems to have implemented Webkit Content Blockers as well. Vivaldi includes a list called “DuckDuckGo Tracker Radar”, which leads to what seems to be a Webkit Content Blocker format list mirrored by Vivaldi. In my testing, the DuckDuckGo Tracker Radar seems to largely duplicate what Fanboy’s Ultimate List already had in it. While Fanboy’s Ultimate List is not in Vivaldi by default, you can add it by going to Vivaldi Menu/Settings/Privacy, and then select “Block Trackers and Ads”, and then I would suggest de-selecting everything in both columns that Vivaldi defaults to having on, then clicking + under Ad Blocking Sources, then adding https://www.fanboy.co.nz/r/ fanboy-ultimate.txt and then Import. It should tell you it brought in a bunch of ad blocking rules. # ⚓ This_week’s_Windows_11_patch_didn’t_fix_AMD performance_woes_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Windows 11 received its first bundle of fixes this week, but AMD users hoping for respite from performance issues that have dogged their PCs were to be disappointed. In fact, for some, performance might have actually got a bit worse. It wasn’t the news AMD fangirls and fanboys were hoping for. After AMD noted performance issues with Microsoft’s latest operating system, a fix had been expected to drop during October. Alas, that fix didn’t turn up in this week’s first Cumulative Update for the GA code. In fact, according to hardware site TechPowerUp, things might have even deteriorated. # ⚓ Microsoft’s_first_Windows_“11”_update_addresses_AMD CPU_scheduling_problems._Ends_up_making_them_worse._– BaronHK’s_Rants⠀⇛ Microsoft released their first “Windows 11” update. It was deployed to try to correct the AMD CPU problems that Windows “11” created on Ryzen, which tripled L3 CPU cache latency and slowed the processor down by an average of 15%. The update ended up making the problem worse. Doubling the cache latency from where it already was at launch. “Early adopters” of Microsoft’s latest broken operating system are seeing much worse performance than they were on Windows 10, even on the Intel side, as Microsoft’s “virtualization based security” was already wreaking havoc on video game performance. # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_raises_USD_10_mln to_secure_software_supply_chain⠀⇛ # ⚓ ISO_establishes_SBOM_standard_for open_source_development_with_SPDX⠀⇛ You’re not getting attention because of your choice of text editor or the number of spaces you use to indent code blocks. However motivating those preferences are for you and me, the non-technical world sees them as private choices. You find your code in the headlines for a different and unpleasant reason: open source dependency management. # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ White_House_ransomware_summit_calls_for_virtual asset_crackdown,_without_mentioning cryptocurrency [Ed: They need_to_crack_down_on Microsoft_Windows, instead; they use their NSA back doors as a ruse to protect big banks. Microsoft_has_infiltrated_think_tanks_about ransomware, so now instead of tackling the security breaches themselves (which can lead to sabotage or worse) they treat it like a financial transaction issue.]⠀⇛ The 30-nation gabfest convened under the auspices of the US National Security Council’s Counter-Ransomware Initiative has ended with agreement that increased regulation of virtual assets is required to curb the digital coins’ allure to criminals. A joint statement issued after the event’s conclusion opens with anodyne observations about the need for good infosec, international collaboration, and the benefits of private sector engagement. The first mention of concrete action comes in a section of the statement entitled “Countering Illicit Finance” – and while the document never mentions cryptocurrencies, it’s plain they’re a target. “Taking action to disrupt the ransomware business model requires concerted efforts to address illicit finance risks posed by all value transfer systems, including virtual assets, the primary instrument criminals use for ransomware payments and subsequent money laundering.” # ⚓ Thingiverse_suffers_breach_of_228,000_email addresses_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Thingiverse, a site that hosts free-to- use 3D printer designs, has suffered a data breach – and at least 228,000 unlucky users’ email addresses have been circulating on black-hat crime forums. News of the breach came from Have I Been Pwned (HIBP), whose maintainer Troy Hunt uploaded the 228,000 breached email addresses to the site after being tipped off to their circulation on the forums. Hunt claimed on Twitter that in excess of two million addresses were in the breach. He qualified that by saying the majority were email addresses that appeared to be generated by Thingiverse itself, judging from their format: webdev+$username@makerbot[.]com. HIBP’s maintainer also claimed that some of the data included poorly encrypted passwords: one he highlighted was an unsalted SHA-1 hash which resolved to the password “test123″. # ⚓ Thingiverse_Data_Leaked_—_Check_Your_Passwords |_Hackaday⠀⇛ Every week seems to bring another set of high-profile data leaks, and this time it’s the turn of a service that should be of concern to many in our community. A database backup from the popular 3D model sharing website Thingiverse has leaked online, containing 228,000 email addresses, full names, addresses, and passwords stored as unsalted SHA-1 or bcrypt hashes. If you have an account with Thingiverse it is probably worth your while to head over to Have I Been Pwned to search on your email address, and just to be sure you should also change your password on the site. Our informal testing suggests that not all accounts appear to be contained in the leak, which appears to relate to comments left on the site. # ⚓ New_PureBoot_Feature:_Scanning_Root_for Tampering_–_Purism⠀⇛ With the latest PureBoot R19 pre- release we have added a number of new changes including improved GUI workflows and new security features and published a ROM image so the wider community can test it before it turns into the next stable release. To test it, existing PureBoot users can download the R19-pre1 .rom file that corresponds to their Librem computer and flash it like any other PureBoot release. In this post I want to highlight a new experimental security feature we added in this release that will extend the tamper detection PureBoot already does with the boot firmware and the /boot directory into the main root file system. This will allow you to detect attacks that modify system binaries (like /bin/bash) with backdoored versions. I also want to give some background on this feature and my thought process behind it so people understand where I’m coming from and why I made the design decisions I did. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ We_need_to_talk_about_digital_ID:_why_the World_Bank_must_recognize_the_harm_in Afghanistan_and_beyond_–_Access_Now⠀⇛ With two of the world’s most influential power brokers meeting this week, what they failed to put on the agenda speaks volumes. Every year the World Bank and International Monetary Fund holds an annual summit to discuss the challenges and choices that determine whether we will have a sustainable and inclusive world. This year, they chose not to discuss digital identity programs, even though the World Bank itself funds and promotes these “Big ID” systems — including the systems the Taliban reportedly seized in Afghanistan. Instead of ignoring the urgent human rights concerns these systems raise, these international agencies should be doing everything in their power to prevent further rights abuse, marginalization, and exclusion. Consider what’s happening in Afghanistan today. The World Bank offered technical advice and promoted Afghanistan’s biometric digital identity program as part of its efforts to help women. But without sufficient human rights protections built in from the outset, a digital ID and its associated databases can be turned against the holder. Now, with the Taliban in charge, the very systems that were supposed to help women could make them more vulnerable. Those especially at risk: women human rights defenders, gender justice activists, and journalists. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Britain’s_chicken_king_says_the_20-year_binge_on_cheap_food is_over⠀⇛ o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ LinkedIn_shutting_down_in_China_after_mounting_government pressure_to_censor_social_media_content [Ed: Misleading headline because for a very long time Microsoft has been keely censoring for China's regime]⠀⇛ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3348 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_15/10/2021:_95%_of_Ransomware_Targets_Windows⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 4:54 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ TriggerMesh_cloud-native_automation_goes_open_source⠀⇛ You can call what TriggerMesh does a lot of things. It’s cloud-native integration, event-driven cloud automation, Function-as-a-Service (FaaS), or, of course, serverless computing. No matter what name you use — TriggerMesh’s creators like “serviceful” — the game is to enable you to easily hook, deploy and manage cloud functions into powerful programs. Personally, I find it handy to think that TriggerMesh takes the DevOps concepts of such programs as Ansible, Chef, and Puppet and moves them from the operating system level to the cloud layer. Now, TriggerMesh has taken a major step forward by becoming an open-source program. # ⚓ KuberLogic_open-source_platform_turns_infrastructure_into_a managed_PaaS⠀⇛ In a rapid automated DevOps environment, organizations have dedicated teams that handle all the provisioning overhead for developers. Organizations without a dedicated team struggle to find the right solution that will automate the provisioning of managed database services. KuberLogic solves this problem by automatically provisioning and managing database clusters using the K8S operator. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ The_New_Radeon_RX_6600:_WILL_IT_LINUX?_–_Invidious⠀⇛ AMD’s Radeon RX 6000 Series doesn’t have the best track record for out-of-box Linux support. Is the new RX 6600 any better? I test 5 distros to bring you that answer! # ⚓ Weirdest_File_Manager_You’ve_Never_Heard_Of_–_Invidious⠀⇛ While most people are familiar with command line interfaces and graphical user interfaces those aren’t the only options out there and today we’re looking at a weird program that users a zoomable user interface and one great example of this is EagleMode o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ xorg-server_21.0.99.902⠀⇛ This is the second release candidate of Xorg 21.1.0 release. We have a number of fixes since the first RC. Alex Richardson (1): dix/privates.c: Avoid undefined behaviour after realloc() Mario Kleiner (6): xfree86: Avoid crash in xf86RandR12CrtcSetGamma() memcpy path. xfree86: Let xf86RandR12CrtcComputeGamma() deal with non- power-of-2 sizes. Revert "modesetting: Only use GAMMA_LUT if its size is 1024" modesetting: Enable GAMMA_LUT for lut's with up to 4096 slots. modesetting: Handle mixed VRR and non- VRR display setups better. modesetting: Consider RandR primary output for selectioh of sync crtc. Olivier Fourdan (1): glamor: Fix leak in glamor_build_program() Povilas Kanapickas (1): xserver 21.1 RC 2 Ray Strode (1): xkb: Drop check for XkbSetMapResizeTypes nerdopolis (1): xf86: Accept devices with the 'simpledrm' driver. git tag: xorg-server-21.0.99.902 # ⚓ X.Org_Server_21.1_RC2_Brings_Fix_For_Mixed_VRR/Non- VRR_Multi-Monitor_Setups_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ X.Org Server 21.1 continues running slightly behind schedule but out today is a second release candidate of that upcoming xorg- server version — the first in more than three years. X.Org Server 21.1 brings Variable Refresh Rate (VRR) support for the xf86-video- modesetting driver, more mature Meson build system support, GLAMOR acceleration for Xvfb, X Input 2.4 with touchpad gestures, the DMX DDX has been removed, HiDPI improvements, and a large number of other changes that have accumulated in Git since 2018. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Persistent_Live_USB_vs._Full_Linux_install_on_a_USB_drive_| FOSS_Linux⠀⇛ Live USB is a fascinating way of testing out any Linux distro without msodifying or making changes to your computer. Unknown to many, there is data persistency mode in the Live session. So you can make some changes and save the file to your Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive. The data will remain still even after powering off the live session. You can run a test drive on installing the distro to your USB drive after testing out the live session instead of the internal hard drive. Accordingly, there are two more test-driving a Linux distro – Persistent Live USB drive and Full distro install USB drive. The two methods will still allow you to boot Linux from a USB drive and save your data. Some may be thinking about the differences between the two methods and which one you should opt for. # ⚓ How_To_Install_Franz_Messaging_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Franz Messaging on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Franz is a third-party powerful application that allows users to access various social media accounts. This app supports 14 messaging apps such as WhatsApp, Slack, Facebook Messenger, WeChat, Telegram, Google Hangouts, Skype, Discord, and Skype are currently supported with more to follow soon. Franz is available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of Franz Messaging on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint. # ⚓ How_to_chat_in_Twitch_streams_on_the_Linux_desktop_with Chatterino⠀⇛ Before we can go over how to use Chatterino to chat with your favorite Twitch streamers on the Linux desktop, you’ll need to install it on your computer. To start the installation, open up a terminal window on the Linux desktop. You can open up a terminal window on the Linux desktop by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T on the keyboard. Or, search for “Terminal” in the app menu. When the terminal window is open and ready to use, follow the installation instructions below that corresponds with the Linux OS you use to get Chatterino up and running. # ⚓ How_to_Transfer_Files_Between_Linux,_Android,_and_iOS_Using qrcp⠀⇛ File-sharing apps make it easier to transfer files between mobile devices and computers. But while these apps generally work well, they tend to cause compatibility issues with certain platforms owing to their limitations. This is where qrcp comes in. Qrcp is a file transfer utility that works via the terminal and relies on Wi-Fi to carry out file transfer. As a result, you can use it to share files between any computer and mobile phone, irrespective of their operating systems. Here’s a guide detailing qrcp and the steps to use it for transferring files between your Linux computer and a mobile device. # ⚓ How_to_Set_Date_and_Time_on_Rocky_Linux_8_Desktop_and Server⠀⇛ Here are the two ways to set a date and time on Rocky Linux 8 or AlmaLinux using the command terminal and graphical user interface. There are many processes on the Linux operating system that requires the correct system date and time. Also, to update the system properly and other processes like cronjobs we must need the up-to-date time & date. However, Linux or any other OS automatically syncs the system time from the server, in case not or you want to change the timezone manually then let’s explore how to do that. # ⚓ How_to_install_Devuan_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ Let’s see how to install Devuan, a Debian GNU/Linux fork free of systemd as is main feature. This is the first article of a series of two on installing Devuan # ⚓ Configure_Gitlab_to_use_Gmail_SMTP_for_Outbound_Mails_– kifarunix.com⠀⇛ This tutorial will describe how to configure Gitlab to use Gmail SMTP for Outbound mails. In our previous tutorials, we learnt how to install and setup Gitlab CE. # ⚓ Deploying_and_Running_BCC_in_Your_Kubernetes_Cluster⠀⇛ In 2021, extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF) is becoming an increasingly popular tool for DevOps professionals and backend engineers alike—and rightly so. Using eBPF you can deliver features and experiences instantaneously by instrumenting directly from the kernel. And fortunately, kernel versions are at a great place making it easier for engineers to deliver these solutions to the masses. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Valve_Reluctantly_Shows_How_To_Mod_The_Steam_Deck_| Hackaday⠀⇛ As the narrator in this official instructional video from Valve reminds the viewer several times, the gaming company would really rather you not open up your brand new Steam Deck and start poking around. They can’t guarantee that their software will function should you start changing the hardware, and since there’s no source for replacement parts yet anyway, there’s not much you can do in the way of repairs. That said, Value does believe you have the right to take apart your own device, and has produced the video below as an aid to those who are willing risk damaging their new system by opening it up. Specifically, the video goes over how to replace the most likely wear items on the handheld, namely the thumb sticks and the SSD. It seems inevitable that the stock thumb sticks will wear down after a couple years of hard use, so we’re glad to see they are easily removable modules. As for the SSD, it stands to reason that users would want to swap it out for faster and higher capacity models as they become available in the coming years. # ⚓ The_Jackbox_Party_Pack_8_is_out_now_with_improved_Linux support_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ The Jackbox Party Pack 8 is the latest set of funny games from Jackbox Games, Inc. and they teamed up with porter / FNA developer Ethan Lee to deliver improved Linux support. Speaking on Twitter, Lee mentioned the Linux version includes fresh SDL2 with support for Vulkan and OpenGL, along with the latest Wayland work so it should run well there too. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux_/_Unix-Desktop_KDE_celebrates_its_25th birthday:_Happy_Birthday!_–_Market_Research_Telecast [Ed: Automated translation]⠀⇛ Today, October 14th, the KDE project celebrates its birthday: 25 years ago the first version of the “Kool Desktop Environment” appeared, from which the popular Linux / Unix desktop environment KDE Plasma emerged. The KDE team is celebrating the special day with a new plasma version, but also with various events and extras for the community on their own birthday website. For the 25th KDE birthday, we take a look back at the previous history of the KDE project – and forward to the current birthday campaigns. We are dedicating a separate message to the new KDE Plasma 5.23, which we will link to at this point later. KDE: emergence and first hurdles On October 14, 1996, the computer science student Matthias Ettrich resigned in the Usenet group de.comp.os.linux.misc the “Kool Desktop Environment (KDE)”. It should not only simplify the operation on Linux and Unix systems, but also bring along all the applications necessary for the work and give them a uniform appearance at the same time. The commercial Common Desktop Environment (CDE) served as an obvious model. Other comrades-in-arms quickly found themselves around the world who actively pushed the project forward. The team bundled its campaigns early on in KDE eV, which has since assumed financial responsibility for the project, organizes conferences and provides organizational support for the community. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ OpenBSD_7.0_released,_Oct_14⠀⇛ We are pleased to announce the official release of OpenBSD 7.0. This is our 51st release. We remain proud of OpenBSD’s record of more than twenty years with only two remote holes in the default install. As in our previous releases, 7.0 provides significant improvements, including new features, in nearly all areas of the system: [...] # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Respin_of_openSUSE_Leap_Images_are_Coming⠀⇛ In response to feedback from openSUSE users, Leap is expecting to have regular rebuilds of the distribution on a quarterly or as needed basis soon. These respins, which rebuild the ISO image, will receive openQA testing and have a rhythmic release now that the setup process is complete. These respins allow users to take advantage of the latest bug fixes and updates immediately, which reduces the bandwidth for online updates after an installation of the General Availability (GA) release. Amended ISO images can update packages like GRUB and shim to improve these bootloader and firmware packages for users. The updated ISO images, which contain a number extension in the filename like 15.3- X to distinguish from the GA release, will have a different checksum than the previously released images. The old ISO image found on get.opensuse.org will be removed and replaced with an up-to-date respin image. # ⚓ openSUSE_Leap_ISOs_To_See_Regular_Respins_For Integrating_Latest_Updates_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Douglas DeMaio shared today that they will begin offering regular respins of the openSUSE Leap ISOs to include the latest bug fixes and package updates on the ISOs themselves to reduce time and bandwidth post- installation. OpenSUSE will leverage openQA testing to try to ensure these regular new releases are in good shape. # § Devuan Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Devuan_4.0_Released_As_Debian_11_Without_Systemd_– Phoronix⠀⇛ Devuan 4.0 “Chimaera” is officially out today as the latest stable release of this Linux distribution known for being a close rebuild of Debian but without a dependence on systemd. Devuan 4.0 allows the choice of SysVInit, Runit, or OpenRC as the init system in place of systemd. Devuan 4.0 is otherwise based on the Debian 11.1 “Bullseye” release with the Linux 5.10 LTS kernel. # ⚓ Devuan_Chimaera_4.0_stable_release⠀⇛ Dear Friends and Software Freedom Lovers, Devuan Developers are delighted to announce the release of Devuan Chimaera 4.0 as the project’s new stable release. This is the result of many months of painstaking work by the Team and detailed testing by the wider Devuan community. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_has_landed_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ 14 October 2021: Today, Canonical released Ubuntu 21.10 – the most productive environment for cloud-native developers and AI/ML innovators across the desktop, devices and cloud. “As open source becomes the new default, we aim to bring Ubuntu to all the corners of the enterprise and all the places developers want to innovate,” said Mark Shuttleworth. “From the biggest public clouds to the tiniest devices, from DGX servers to Windows WSL workstations, open source is the springboard for new ideas and Ubuntu makes that springboard safe, secure and consistent.” # ⚓ Ubuntu_Server_21.10:_What’s_new?_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ Ubuntu Server 21.10 (Impish Indri) expands on edge use cases with a minimised system installation option in the Ubuntu Server Live Installer. It also comes with needrestart enabled by default for automated daemon restarts after applying library updates. In addition, the latest development cycle brings native, certified drivers for NVIDIA vGPU software on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and 18.04 LTS, fully supporting sophisticated AI/ML workloads. Ubuntu Server 21.10 will be supported by Canonical until July 2022. All new features will be available in the upcoming Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS release. # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_(Impish_Indri)_released_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ The latest release of the Ubuntu Linux distribution is out: Ubuntu 21.10, code named “Impish Indri”. # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_Review_–_A_risk-free_transition_release_ (+flavors)_–_Invidious⠀⇛ Ubuntu 21.10 has been released. It’s an interesting one, not because it adds many features that you’ve never seen before, but because it’s a transition release. It introduces a bunch of new systems, that, while not enabled by default, will probably be in the next LTS. # ⚓ The_newest_Ubuntu_Linux,_Impish_Indri,_arrives⠀⇛ As such, while we usually think of Ubuntu as a desktop Linux distribution, it’s far more than that. As Mark Shuttleworth, Canonical and Ubuntu’s founder says, “We aim to bring Ubuntu to all the corners of the enterprise and all the places developers want to innovate. That goes from “the biggest public clouds to the tiniest devices, from [Nvidia] DGX servers to Windows WSL [Windows Subsystem for Linux] workstations, open source is the springboard for new ideas and Ubuntu makes that springboard safe, secure and consistent.” On the desktop, the new Ubuntu default interface is GNOME 40. While you can use the brand-spanking-new GNOME 41, that’s not the interface 21.10 comes with. Still, a few GNOME 41 apps such as Calendar app, GNOME Disk Utility, Eye of GNOME (aka Image Viewer), and GNOME System Monitor have made it into this new Ubuntu. # ⚓ Top_6_projects_from_our_Hackathon_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ On the 4th and the 5th of October 2021, the Web & Design team ran a remote Hackathon. The theme of it was to build tools that would make our life easier at Canonical. Creativity and collaboration are at the heart of any Hackathon. 26 visual and UX designers, developers and project managers split into 6 groups participated in this adventure. Here is a highlight of what was built over the course of those two days. # ⚓ Mir_2.5,_incorporating_new_features_to_improve_the development_of_embedded_graphic_applications_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ With another release of Mir, we have prepared a new blog with the a roundup of the product’s newest features. Mir is our flexible display server that provides a set of libraries and a Wayland compositor for building Wayland-based shells with integrated window management. Today, Canonical is launching Mir 2.5, a new version of Mir that aims to help developers. Mir 2.5 brings new features to reduce development time and integration hassle. # ⚓ Canonical_Presence_at_KubeCon_+_CloudNativeCon_NA: Keynote_by_Founder/CEO_Mark_Shuttleworth,_Announcement of_Ubuntu_21.10_Beta_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ Canonical, the makers of Ubuntu, will have a major presence at this year’s KubeCon + CloudNativeCon NA. The Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s flagship conference brings together adopters and technologists from leading open-source and cloud-native communities. It takes place Oct. 11-15 in Los Angeles and with a virtual option. Ubuntu is the foundation for the three public cloud providers’ managed Kubernetes services – Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS), Microsoft Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), and Google Kubernetes Engine (GKS) – which is why it is the only OS that can seamlessly support workloads on any of them. # ⚓ Driving_innovation_in_autonomous_mobile_robots_– University_of_Hawaii_hits_Indy_500_|_Ubuntu⠀⇛ On October 23, the historic Indy 500 will experience a new type of race. Not just a race for all the fans and lovers of racecars, but a race that is now changing the future of driving. Autonomous mobile robots will be racing to see not only who is the fastest, but also the most technically advanced car on the track. The Indy Autonomous Challenge brings together universities and organizations from around the world to design and create a new generation of automated vehicle software. Competitors are working to achieve the goal of crossing the finish line in the 20-lap race in 25 minutes or fewer at speeds of more than 120 mph. The race is an excellent showcase of state-of-the-art autonomous mobile robot technology. Increasing awareness for autonomous mobile robots, and cutting edge technology in general, is a mission that closely aligns with Canonical’s values. That’s why we are a proud supporter of the competition and sponsor of the University of Hawaii. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ i.MX8M_Mini_based_mini-PC_starts_at_$305⠀⇛ ICOP’s “EBOX-IMX8MM” embedded computer runs Android 9 or Linux on an i.MX8M Mini with up to 4GB LPDDR4 and 64GB eMMC plus 2x GbE, 3x USB, 4x COM, WiFi/BT, and a 12-36V input. Taiwan-based ICOP is primarily known for its embedded boards and systems based on x86 based CPUs from its sister company DM&P Group (DMP), as in its Vortex86EX-based Ebox-3100. Yet the company recently launched a compact embedded PC based on NXP’s i.MX8M Mini. The company announced the product back in May, and it recently began shipping from WDL Systems for $305 with 2GB RAM, 16GB eMMC, and the optional -40 to 80°C instead of the standard 0 to 60°C operating range. # ⚓ Signage_player_taps_Ryzen_V2000_for_video_wall_displays [Ed: They make is sound like Ubuntu is supported but any other GNU/Linux distro is not]⠀⇛ Ibase has launched an “SI-334” signage player that runs Ubuntu or Win 10 on AMD’s Ryzen Embedded V2000. There are 4x HDMI 2.0 ports with EDID and CEC plus 2x GbE, 3x USB 3.1 Gen2, and 3x M.2 with SIM. [...] The SI-334 runs Ubuntu or Win 10 IoT Enterprise on a choice of any of the four octa-core and hexa-core V2000 parts, ranging up to an octa-core, 2.9GHz/ 4.25GHz V2748. AMD’s Ryzen Embedded V2000 advances to 7nm-fabricated Zen 2 CPU cores and doubles the multi-threaded performance-per-watt compared to the V1000. It also offers up to 30 percent better single-thread CPU performance, claims AMD. With its Radeon graphics with 6x or 7x compute units, graphics performance is claimed to be 40 percent higher. # ⚓ Beelink_U59_Celeron_N5095_Jasper_Lake_mini_PC_ships_with_up to_16GB_RAM,_512GB_SSD_–_CNX_Software [Ed: This is not even competitive with ARM SBCs and "ships with Windows 10 Pro," so it's coming with malicious stuff]⠀⇛ Beelink U59 is a Jasper Lake mini PC based on an Intel Celeron N5095 15W quad-core processor that ships with 8GB RAM and a 256 GB M.2 SSD for $279+ on Amazon or Banggood, or $349+ with 16GB RAM and a 512 GB SSD. The mini PC offers two 4K HDMI 2.0 ports, a Gigabit Ethernet port, WiFi 5, as well as four USB 3.0 ports, and supports one 2.5-inch SATA drive up to 7mm thick. # ⚓ The_Compute_Module_Comes_Of_Age:_Say_Hello_To_The_Real Cutting_Edge_Of_Raspberry_Pi_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ If we wanted to point to an epoch-making moment for our community, we’d take you back to February 29th, 2012. It was that day on which a small outfit in Cambridge put on the market the first batch of their new product. That outfit was what would become the Raspberry Pi Foundation, and the product was a run of 10,000 Chinese made versions of their very first single board computer, the Raspberry Pi Model B. With its BCM2835 SoC and 512 megabytes of memory it might not have been the first board that could run a Linux distribution from an SD card, but it was certainly the first that did so for pocket money prices. On that morning back in 2012 the unforseen demand for the new board brought down the websites of both the electronics distributors putting it on sale, and a now-legendary product was born. We’re now on version 4 of the Model B with specs upgraded in almost every sense, and something closer to the original can still be bought in the form of its svelte stablemate, the Pi Zero. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Should_we_teach_AI_and_ML_differently_to_other_areas of_computer_science?_A_challenge⠀⇛ # ⚓ Connect_your_space_heater_to_the_Arduino_Cloud_and control_it_via_Alexa_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛ Being able to design your own custom smart home device is a great way to both have fun experimenting with various hardware/software and to escape the walled IoT device ecosystems that so many users find themselves trapped within. One maker who goes by mrdesha came up with a smart heater solution that utilizes the new Arduino Oplà IoT Kit to provide voice functionality to their room heater. In terms of hardware, mrdesha’s project is quite simple as it just needs a few parts to function. The main component is the MKR IoT Carrier board from the Oplà Kit, along with the MKR WiFi 1010 that fits into it. Because the Oplà has two relays onboard, a pair of buttons on the heater’s remote were connected to the common (COM) and normally closed (NC) terminals, allowing for a single GPIO pin to digitally “press” each button. o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ 5_Hackathons_for_Building_Your_FOSS_Skills⠀⇛ As previously mentioned, Hacktoberfest 2021 is going on right now, with the aim of encouraging increased participation in the open source community. # ⚓ 9_ways_to_use_open_source_every_day_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ Recently I was invited to present on free and open resources that are available on the web. This presentation was part of a local effort to keep our community working—sponsored by the Foster Center at St. Bonaventure University near my home. Some of the resources I shared were not open source and merely cost $0, but many of the tools were also open source. It was interesting to see how many folks recognized the tools I mentioned. Many people are unaware that the tools they use every day are open source, and they can share them with others. # ⚓ The_French_public_administration_is_opening_up_public_data, algorithms_and_source_codes.⠀⇛ On 27 September, the French Minister of Public Transformation and Service Amélie de Montchalin presented the 15 ministerial roadmaps on public data, algorithms and public source codes, which represents a milestone in the digital transformation strategy of the current French public administration. The same Ministry will monitor the implementation phase of all the roadmaps, and the Prime Minister will then evaluate the programme as a whole at the next inter- ministerial committee for public transformation. This initiative has been supported by DINUM (Direction Interministérielle du Numérique, or Interministerial Digital Directorate) and stems from the Circular 6264/SG sent in April by the Prime Minister Jean Castex, who mandated the Ministry of Public Transformation and Public Service to open up public data, algorithms and source codes “for the benefit of users, researchers, innovators and citizens”. Additionally, the circular called for the designation of departmental data, algorithm and source code (AMDAC) administrators in every department – all nominated in May – who will supervise the implementation of the roadmaps and build an inter-ministerial network for information sharing. # ⚓ Raising_Pressure_on_Biden,_Dozens_of_Indigenous_Activists Occupy_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_and_Climate_Justice_Advocates Decry_Gulf_‘Sacrifice_Zones’⠀⇛ This week, environmental advocates addressed intensifying fossil fuel pollution, climate injustices, and the Biden administration’s failure to take the lead on climate change solutions during the People vs. Fossil Fuels protests in Washington, D.C. Their goal remains to increase the pressure on the President to declare a climate emergency. The Indigenous-led actions are supported by dozens of environmental and social justice groups from around the country and have resulted in 585 arrests so far. They began on Indigenous People’s Day, October 11, and will continue through October 15.  Thursday morning, October 14, 130 people were arrested in front of the White House. For four days, activists have marched each morning  from Freedom Plaza to the White House. Some protest on the sidewalk in front of the fence and are arrested after defying orders to  disperse,  while others cheer them on from across the street. They say they are doing this to bring their message to Biden’s doorstop ahead of the COP26 climate summit in Glasgow, Scotland next month. # ⚓ Environmental_and_Labor_Groups_Urge_Canada_to_Support_Just Transition⠀⇛ Canada has not provided a transition pathway for its fossil fuel workers to move into other industries, and as global demand for oil and gas wanes, tens of thousands of workers could lose their jobs, say the authors of a new report. Roughly 167,000 people are directly employed in Canada’s oil and gas industry, but increased automation combined with the energy transition and climate policy mean that half of those jobs are slated to disappear by the end of the decade, according to a report published on October 13 by the Climate Action Network Canada and Blue Green Canada, which is a coalition of labor and environmental groups. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Is_“Progress”_at_a_Standstill?⠀⇛ John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) and Karl Marx (1818-1883) offered different but complementary, if less critical, notions of progress. “Truth, in the great practical concerns of life, is so much a question of the reconciling and combining of opposites,” Mills wrote. “Even progress, which ought to superadd, for the most part only substitutes, one partial and incomplete truth for another.”  Marx’s belief in progress extended Hegel’s more spiritual notion that history was the process by which of humanity toward true freedom, through what he called historical materialism. In our era, the notion of progress has become anchored in a liberal, neo-Marxian materialism of everyday life.  Writing in The Atlantic, Patrick Collison and Tyler Cowen noted “by ‘progress,’ we mean the combination of economic, technological, scientific, cultural, and organizational advancement that has transformed our lives and raised standards of living over the past couple of centuries.” o ⚓ America_as_a_“Shining_City_on_a_Hill”—and_Other_Myths_to_Die_By⠀⇛ We all need myths to live by, and some of these stories we tell ourselves are ones we will cling to until the grave. In 1630, on the Arbella as it sailed toward North America, Puritan leader John Winthrop delivered a sermon called “A Modell of Christian Charity” asserting that this new land “shall be as a city upon a hill.” If that sounds familiar, it’s because on several occasions Ronald Reagan spoke of a shining city on a hill, sitting above other nations. Laying out an argument for American exceptionalism, Reagan claimed “that that there was some divine plan that placed this great continent between two oceans to be sought out by those who were possessed of an abiding love of freedom and a special kind of courage,” concluding at the very first Conservative Political Action Conference in 1974 that “we are indeed, and we are today, the last best hope of man on earth.” Of course, this kind of mythmaking requires an imperviousness to facts, a commitment to burying parts of our history, telling lies to ourselves and others to make them believe.1 o ⚓ Be_The_Face_of_Change_and_Pledge_for_EFF_Through_CFC_Today!⠀⇛ The Combined Federal Campaign is the world’s largest and most successful annual charity campaign for U.S. federal employees and retirees. Since its inception in 1961, the CFC fundraiser has raised more than $8.5 billion for local, national, and international charities. This year’s campaign runs from September 1 to January 15, 2022. Be sure to make your pledge before the campaign ends! U.S. government employees can give to EFF by going to GiveCFC.org and clicking DONATE to give via payroll deduction, credit/debit, or an e-check! Be sure to use EFF’s CFC ID # 10437. You can even scan the QR code below! o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Technology_and_the_Golden_Age_of_Taxonomy⠀⇛ By organizing our knowledge about life, these databases promise to bring taxonomy into a golden age of reliability and accessibility. Information that once existed only in the heads of experts and rotting scrolls is now in reach of anyone with a computer. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Southlake_school_leader_tells_teachers_to_balance_Holocaust books_with_‘opposing’_views⠀⇛ A top administrator with the Carroll Independent School District in Southlake advised teachers last week that if they have a book about the Holocaust in their classroom, they should also offer students access to a book from an “opposing” perspective, according to an audio recording obtained by NBC News. Gina Peddy, the Carroll school district’s executive director of curriculum and instruction, made the comment Friday afternoon during a training session on which books teachers can have in classroom libraries. The training came four days after the Carroll school board, responding to a parent’s complaint, voted to reprimand a fourth grade teacher who had kept an anti-racism book in her classroom. A Carroll staff member secretly recorded the Friday training and shared the audio with NBC News. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ A_Deep_Dive_Into_The_Sound_Of_An_Apple_II_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ A major part of the retrocomputing scene for many of us lies in the world of chiptunes, music created either using original retrocomputing hardware or in the style of those early synthesiser chips. There’s one machine we don’t hear much about among all this though, and that’s the Apple II. Though probably one of the most expandable of all the 8-bit home computers, it lacked a sound channel beyond a speaker hooked up to a memory location port so any complex sound work had to be done via an add-on card. It’s something [Nicole Branagan] has investigated in depth, as she demonstrates first the buzz from the speaker and then what must have been an object of extreme desire back in the day, a Mockingboard sound card. o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Dermatology’s_Academic_Medical-Industrial_Complex:_Another Marker_of_a_Wider_Problem⠀⇛ Here, a six-year study is reported of the conflicts of interest (COIs) of key opinion leaders in dermatology, their ties to the pharmaceutical industry, and implications of how coopted this specialty has become. A list of the board members of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) was compiled from the society’s website. Their names were entered into the CMS Open Payments database, which includes general payments ranging from consulting fees, speakers’ honoraria, and other honoraria for food and beverage. All compensation data were collected from 2014 to 2020, as permitted by Physician Payments Sunshine Act of 2010. As of April 1, 2021, there were 30 officers and directors of the AAD. Seven were employed by academic institutions that do not allow them to receive general payments from industry, while the other academic institutions do not have this policy. These conflicts of interest were identified among the remaining 23: # ⚓ The_Preventable_Horrors_of_the_Pandemic_and_the_Short_Case for_Open_Research⠀⇛ Across the world, the number of Covid infections are declining: the United States numbers are finally falling after the Delta variant sent it soaring in the late summer; India-perhaps the hardest hit country in the world where cases peaked at more than 400,000 a day in early May, is now reporting just over 20,000 cases daily, the equivalent of 5,000 a day in the United States. Similar declines can be seen in countries around the world. This drop worldwide is due to a combination of both the spread of vaccines and, perhaps more importantly, natural immunity arising out of many infections.  According to a New York Times article, for example, the number of infections in India as of early May was likely close to 540 million, when the official count was just 27 million. Since the pandemic was still in full force in the country at the time, an extrapolation would imply 750 to 800 million infections, close to 60 percent of the country’s population. # ⚓ Biden_Warned_Not_to_Nominate_Robert_Califf,_‘Recycled_FDA Commissioner’_Tied_to_Big_Pharma⠀⇛ Critics of Big Pharma’s influence on U.S. politics urged President Joe Biden not to nominate former Food and Drug Administration Commissioner Dr. Robert Califf to reclaim his old post following reports Thursday that the move is likely. “There are plenty of other, highly qualified doctors and leaders who don’t bring his corporate ties to this most crucial agency.” # ⚓ Taiwan_can_issue_fines_for_those_using_phones_at_red lights⠀⇛ After examining the evidence, trial judges pointed to Article 31-1 of the Road Traffic Management and Penalty Act, which states: “While driving a car, if the driver uses handheld mobile phones, computers, or other similar devices to make calls, talk, send/ receive data, or perform other operations that can inhibit the vehicle’s safe operation, he/she shall be fined NT$3,000.” The fine for the same violation for a motorcycle or scooter rider is NT$1,000. Noting that stopping for a red light is only temporary and does not mean the process of driving has ended, the judges ruled against the driver, according to the office. The office went on to say that its statistics show that there have been 5,893 such violations in New Taipei in the first eight months this year. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # ⚓ Windows_error_screen_on_display_at_UK_A&E_•_The_Register⠀⇛ There may be no better place for Windows to seek comfort in desperate times than the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) – and sure enough a good old fashioned blue screen of death has popped up an A&E waiting room. The borkage was spotted by a Register reader attending the Accident & Emergency department of a city hospital in the north of Britain. The screen would normally have info on COVID-19 rules, and display the wait times for the various ticket numbers (in order) dished out by the nurses who do triage when you enter A&E. Instead, it appears that Windows has simply given up the ghost. # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Nations_vow_to_combat_ransomware_at_US-led_summit [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ The nations also resolved to work together in law enforcement operations — which are challenging because they cross borders and require special skills — and the use of diplomatic pressure. # ⚓ Apple_warns:_Sideloading_apps_threatens_an_iCrime wave⠀⇛ Apple is fighting back against growing pressure to support sideloading on its App Stores with an extensive 28-page white paper in which it offers stark security and privacy warnings. # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ New_DevOps_Bootcamp_released_by Linux_and_CD_Foundations⠀⇛ # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Google’s_VirusTotal_reports_that_95%_of ransomware_spotted_targets_Windows [Ed: Even Microsoft Tim seems to grasp the concept that people should be fired or sued for deploying Microsoft Windows, more so when ransom strikes]⠀⇛ Google’s VirusTotal service showing that 95 per cent of ransomware malware identified by its systems targets Windows. VirusTotal, acquired by Google in 2012, operates a malware scanning service that can be used manually or via an API, to analyze suspicious files. The team collected data between January 2020 and August this year to investigate how ransomware is evolving. VirusTotal receives over two million suspicious files per day from 232 countries, it said, placing it in a strong position to analyse the problem. # ⚓ Ongoing_Cyber_Threats_to_U.S._Water_and Wastewater_Systems_Sector_Facilities⠀⇛ CISA, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the National Security Agency (NSA) have released a joint Cybersecurity Advisory (CSA) that details ongoing cyber threats to U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems (WWS) Sector. This activity—which includes cyber intrusions leading to ransomware attacks—threatens the ability of WWS facilities to provide clean, potable water to, and effectively manage the wastewater of, their communities. The joint CSA provides extensive mitigations and resources to assist WWS Sector facilities in strengthening operational resilience and cybersecurity practices. # ⚓ Far-right_Missouri_Governor_threatens_criminal charges_against_reporter_for_telling_the_state about_a_security_vulnerability.⠀⇛ Far-right lunatic Missouri Governor Mike Parson threatens criminal charges against reporters who found that the state’s IT department was so incompetent that over 100,000 state employee Social Security numbers were embedded in the HTML source code of the state’s website. # ⚓ Implementing_form_filling_and_accessibility_in the_Firefox_PDF_viewer⠀⇛ Last year, during lockdown, many discovered the importance of PDF forms when having to deal remotely with administrations and large organizations like banks. Firefox supported displaying PDF forms, but it didn’t support filling them: users had to print them, fill them by hand, and scan them back to digital form. We decided it was time to reinvest in the PDF viewer (PDF.js) and support filling PDF forms within Firefox to make our users’ lives easier. While we invested more time in the PDF viewer, we also went through the backlog of work and prioritized improving the accessibility of our PDF reader for users of assistive technologies. Below we’ll describe how we implemented the form support, improved accessibility, and made sure we had no regressions along the way. # ⚓ Missouri_Governor_Vows_to_Prosecute_St._Louis Post-Dispatch_for_Reporting_Security Vulnerability⠀⇛ On Wednesday, the St. Louis Post- Dispatch ran a story about how its staff discovered and reported a security vulnerability in a Missouri state education website that exposed the Social Security numbers of 100,000 elementary and secondary teachers. In a press conference this morning, Missouri Gov. Mike Parson (R) said fixing the flaw could cost the state $50 million, and vowed his administration would seek to prosecute and investigate the “hackers” and anyone who aided the publication in its “attempt to embarrass the state and sell headlines for their news outlet.” # ⚓ Missouri_governor_threatens_criminal prosecution_of_reporter_who_found_security_flaw in_state_site⠀⇛ Hancock reports, “The Post-Dispatch discovered the vulnerability in a web application that allowed the public to search teacher certifications and credentials. The Department removed the affected pages from its website Tuesday after being notified of the problem by the Post-Dispatch. Based on state pay records and other data, more than 100,000 Social Security numbers were vulnerable. The newspaper delayed publishing this report to give the Department time to take steps to protect teachers’ private information, and to allow the state to ensure no other agencies’ web applications contained similar vulnerabilities.” # ⚓ Missouri_goes_after_man_who_looked_at_source code_on_state_site⠀⇛ A newspaper in St Louis, Missouri, which discovered that the social security numbers of school teachers, administrators and counsellors across the state were publicly exposed and informed the authorities, has been threatened with unspecified action by the state’s governor. # ⚓ Missouri_Governor_Is_Extremely_Confused_About What_Constitutes_‘Hacking’⠀⇛ Reporter Josh Renaud was browsing a Department of Elementary and Secondary Education web application that lets users search for teachers’ certifications and credentials when he looked at the site’s HTML source code (something that usually requires zero hacking skills, only the use of a right-click). In the source code, he found sensitive data belonging to the state’s teachers, including Social Security numbers and other private information. # ⚓ No_it_isn’t:_Missouri_governor_says_viewing HTML_source_code_containing_private_data_the state_published_on_every_page,_is_a_crime⠀⇛ Republican Gov. Mike Parson on Thursday condemned one of Missouri’s largest newspapers for exposing a flaw in a state database that allowed public access to thousands of teachers’ Social Security numbers, even though the paper held off from reporting about the flaw until after the state could fix it. # ⚓ Gov._Parson_threatens_legal_action_against reporter_who_exposed_flaw_on_state_education department’s_website⠀⇛ The reporter found hundreds of thousands of Missouri educators’ social security numbers were accessible to the public in the HTML code for the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education’s website. Parson said the Cole County prosecutor and the Missouri State Highway Patrol Digital Investigations Unit are now investigating the incident and it could cost taxpayers up to $50 million. # ⚓ Missouri_Governor_Says_HTML_Source_Code ‘Decoded’_by_‘Hacker’_Reporter⠀⇛ Gov. Mike Parson of Missouri announced that an individual stole Social Security numbers after they “decoded the HTML source code.” However, a local media publication is disputing this claim and saying the individual was their own reporter who warned Parson’s administration about the security flaw and let them fix it before reporting about it. The word “SSNs” began trending on Twitter after Parson’s announcement, as people pointed out that if the Social Security numbers were in the source code, that meant they were easily viewable by just hitting F12. # § Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt/Fear-mongering/ Dramatisation⠀➾ # ⚓ New_Python-based_Ransomware_Encrypts Virtual_Machines_Quickly [Ed: This make it sound like a Python issue, but it is a proprietary software issue completely irrelevant to the programming language]⠀⇛ VMware ESXi datastores rarely have endpoint protection, the researchers noted, and they host virtual machines (VMs) that likely run critical services for the business, making them a very attractive target for hackers. In the threat landscape, it’s like winning the jackpot. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ “Smart_Borders?”_High-Tech_‘Virtual’ Walls_Are_Even_More_Invasive_Than_Iron Walls⠀⇛ College student Nicholas Paúl told me his city’s designation “was a proud moment” for his community. Raised on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border, Paúl is emblematic of many residents from Chula Vista. “I’m a fronterizo,” he told me. Every weekend he crossed the border to Tijuana to visit family and friends. “It’s a way of life,” he said. “It’s not something that is unique to me. It’s my whole family, my whole neighborhood.” So it came as a shock to Paúl a year later, in December 2020, when an exposé by San Diego’s daily newspaper revealed that the Chula Vista Police Department was sharing information from automated license plate readers with U.S. Customs and Border Protection, the parent agency of the Border Patrol, and of Immigration and Customs Enforcement. # ⚓ Tor’s_Bug_Smash_Fund_Year_3:_$107K Raised!⠀⇛ Hello, Tor world! We owe you a thank you. This August, we asked you to contribute to the Tor Project’s Bug Smash Fund. We created this fund in order to create a reserve that would help us find bugs, complete maintenance work, and do all of the “dirty jobs” that are necessary to keep Tor Browser, the Tor network, and the many tools that rely on Tor strong, safe, and running smoothly. # ⚓ Court_Says_Google_Translate_Isn’t Reliable_Enough_To_Determine_Consent_For_A Search⠀⇛ The quickest way to a warrantless search is obtaining consent. But consent obtained by officers isn’t always consent, no matter how it’s portrayed in police reports and court testimony. Courts have sometimes pointed this out, stripping away ill- gotten search gains when consent turned out to be [extremely air quotation marks] “consent.” # ⚓ California_Activists_Sue_Marin_County Sheriff_for_Illegally_Sharing_Drivers’ License_Plate_Data_With_ICE,_CBP_and_Other Out-of-State_Agencies⠀⇛ Targeting Immigrant CommunitiesDocuments show that the sheriff’s office shares and transfers ALPR information with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Customs and Border Protection (CBP), over a dozen other federal law enforcement agencies, and over 400 out-of-state law enforcement agencies.“In the hands of police, the use of ALPR technology is a threat to privacy and civil liberties, especially for immigrants. Federal immigration agencies routinely access and use ALPR information to locate, detain, and deport immigrants. The sheriff’s own records show that Sheriff Doyle is sharing ALPR information with two of the most rogue agencies in the federal government: ICE and CBP,” said Vasudha Talla, Immigrants’ Rights Program Director at the ACLU Foundation of Northern California (ACLU NorCal). “Police should not be purchasing surveillance technology, let alone facilitating the deportation and incarceration of our immigrant communities.” Using its ALPR system, the Marin County Sheriff’s Office scans tens of thousands of license plates each month. That sensitive personal information, which includes photographs of the vehicle and sometimes its driver and passengers, is stored in a database. The sheriff permits hundreds of out-of-state agencies and several federal entities, including units of the Department of Homeland Security, to run queries of a license plate against information the sheriff has collected. The agencies are also able to compare their own bulk lists of vehicle license plates of interest, known as “hot lists,” against the ALPR information collected by the sheriff’s office. California’s S.B. 34, enacted in 2015, bars this practice. The law requires agencies that use ALPR technology to implement policies to protect privacy and civil liberties, and specifically prohibits police from sharing ALPR data with entities outside of California. The sheriff also violates the California Values Act (S.B. 54), also known as California’s “sanctuary” law. Enacted in 2018, the law limits the use of local resources to assist federal immigration enforcement.In 2019, ACLU NorCal released documents revealing that ICE agents use their access to the license plate data gathered by police agencies across the nation to find and arrest people.“This lawsuit sends a message to other California law enforcement agencies that are unlawfully sharing ALPR data and helping ICE—and we know there are others,” said EFF Staff Attorney Saira Hussain. “In recent years, California has enacted laws specifically to protect immigrant communities and prohibit the sharing ALPR data with entities outside the state. Local police and sheriffs are not above the law and should be held accountable when they violate measures designed to protect the privacy of all Californians generally, and vulnerable communities specifically.” The lawsuit is the first of its kind to challenge the sharing of private information collected by ALPR mass surveillance. # ⚓ Amazon_Alexa:_Woman_used_smart_speaker_to threaten_ex’s_new_partner⠀⇛ Phillipa Copleston-Warren, 46, had access to the Amazon Echo at her former boyfriend’s home 100 miles away. She used an app to blare “get the whore out” from the smart device when the other woman entered into his bedroom, Isleworth Crown Court heard. # ⚓ Mafia_bosses_worry_for_future_as_‘soft’ millennial_mobsters_prefer_texting_to pistol-whipping⠀⇛ The situation has left aging crime family bosses concerned over their succession, and has also meant they have had to be more personally involved in the minutiae of criminal operations, leading to their more frequent arrests. Using text messages to make threats also leaves potentially damning evidence for the FBI to find. “Everything is on the phones with them,” one former senior member of New York’s Colombo crime family complained to The Wall Street Journal , criticizing the younger generation. # ⚓ Tech_industry_bodies_urge_government_to revise_emergency_powers_bill⠀⇛ The Information Technology Industry Council, the Australian Information Industry Association and the Cybersecurity Coalition wrote to Home Affairs Minister Karen Andrews on Thursday, saying that while their members shared the government’s commitment to protecting critical infrastructure against cyber threats, the bill remained “highly problematic and largely unchanged despite extensive feedback from our organisations” The bill in question was reviewed by the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security which said, on 30 September, that it be split up into two, in order to pass what it characterised as “urgent reforms”. # ⚓ The_4_Most_Secure_Phones_for_Privacy [Ed: Missing options: none or landline.]⠀⇛ Recent years have shown us how insecure our smartphones can be. They pose a risk if we misplace them, as all our confidential data is stored on the device, but they also represent an enormous privacy risk. Google and Apple monitor a lot of you do on your smartphone, and then manufacturers will add their own invasive software into the mix. The situation can seem bleak for the privacy enthusiast. Fortunately, you do have options if you’re after the best phone for privacy. Let’s take a look at the top choices. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ How_America_Learned_to_Outsource_Its_Dirtiest_Work_to_the Least_Powerful⠀⇛ For over a decade, anti-war protesters across northern California have congregated at Beale Air Force Base to condemn US drone strikes abroad. Located an hour north of Sacramento, the base employs imagery analysts and drone operators who perform reconnaissance and order strikes. At one protest, a banner displayed near the entrance of the base asked, “Do the drones hear the cries of children dying on the ground?” At another protest, in 2017, activists stopped traffic from coming into the base for almost an hour. “Beale personnel in the Global Hawk drone program witness…carnage on their computer screens,” read one of the leaflets the activists passed out to drivers. “What toll is taken on their psychic and spiritual well-being?” # ⚓ Opinion_|_Despite_Taliban_Rule,_Feminists_Must_Not_Abandon Afghan_Women⠀⇛ Since the Taliban took control of Kabul and the central government on August 15, efforts to support Afghan women have become extremely challenging. According to some prominent U.S. feminists with strong ties to Afghan women, the Taliban “has no legitimacy beyond the brutal force it commands,” and governments, the United Nations and regional actors should not recognize or work with it. For some, this means isolating the Taliban by continuing to freeze Afghan funds held overseas and suspending any assistance that is coordinated with a government agency. But does that position really help Afghan women? # ⚓ Afghan_Interpreter_Who_Rescued_Biden_in_2008_Is_Evacuated from_Afghanistan_with_His_Family⠀⇛ After weeks of pleading for help, an Afghan interpreter, who helped rescue then-Senator Joe Biden when he was stranded 13 years ago in Afghanistan, has finally escaped Afghanistan. Aman Khalili describes his journey out of the country, and we speak with the reporter who broke the story. “I was in the safehouse for 15 days,” Khalili tells Democracy Now! Khalili is “representative of a group of people that are still appealing for help from America and anyone else that can help them,” says Dion Nissenbaum, with The Wall Street Journal. # ⚓ Trump’s_Coup_Nearly_Succeeded._He_May_Try_Again_in_2024.⠀⇛ # ⚓ Biden_Formally_Rejects_Trump’s_Executive_Privilege Objections_to_Jan_6_Committee⠀⇛ # ⚓ The_Nation’s_John_Nichols:_Trump’s_Coup_Nearly_Succeeded. He_Will_Try_Again_in_2024⠀⇛ As the House committee probing the January 6 attack on the Capitol ramps up its investigation, new details continue to emerge about former President Donald Trump’s efforts to stay in the White House despite losing the 2020 election. The Senate Judiciary Committee recently revealed Trump directly asked the Justice Department nine times for help overturning the election. One of Trump’s lawyers also wrote a memo detailing how Trump could stage a coup by getting electors from seven states thrown out, thus denying Biden’s victory. The House select committee may also file charges against top Trump adviser Steve Bannon if he refuses to testify and hand over documents. John Nichols, national affairs correspondent for The Nation, says Trump’s continued grip on the Republican Party and his likely run for president in 2024 make the investigations vital to safeguarding democracy. “We really are looking at the prospect that Trump will seek to implement exactly the strategy that he was trying to implement before January 6 again in 2024,” says Nichols. # ⚓ Prosecutors_Drop_Criminal_Charges_Against_Fake_Terrorist Who_Duped_Canadian_Gov’t,_NYT_Podcasters⠀⇛ For a couple of years, a prominent terrorist remained untouched by Canadian law enforcement. Abu Huzayfah claimed to have traveled to Syria in 2014 to join the Islamic State. A series of Instagram posts detailed his violent acts, as did a prominent New York Times Peabody Award-winning podcast, “Caliphate.” # ⚓ Snipers_Fatally_Attack_Protesters_in_Beirut_as_Lebanon Reels_from_Devastating_Economic_Collapse⠀⇛ At least five people were shot today in Beirut after snipers opened fire on a protest as Lebanon faces a growing economic and political emergency amid widespread corruption. Over the weekend, Lebanon fell into darkness for 24 hours after the nation’s electric grid collapsed. Within the past year, the Lebanese currency has fully collapsed as it continues to grapple with the aftermath of last year’s deadly port explosion. This comes as the country’s political class is expected to accelerate even harsher austerity and privatization efforts in exchange for international support, says Lara Bitar, editor-in-chief of The Public Source, a Beirut-based independent media organization, adding, “The international community holds huge responsibility in constantly allowing the political class to reproduce itself, of throwing it a lifeline whenever it is in crisis.” # ⚓ How_Feminists_Can_Support_Afghan_Women_Living_Under_the Taliban⠀⇛ Since the Taliban took control of Kabul and the central government on August 15, efforts to support Afghan women have become extremely challenging. According to some prominent U.S. feminists with strong ties to Afghan women, the Taliban “has no legitimacy beyond the brutal force it commands,” and governments, the United Nations and regional actors should not recognize or work with it. For some, this means isolating the Taliban by continuing to freeze Afghan funds held overseas and suspending any assistance that is coordinated with a government agency. But does that position really help Afghan women? # ⚓ ‘Weapon_of_War’:_Cori_Bush_Decries_Unregulated_Use_of_Tear Gas_on_US_Civilians⠀⇛ “For protest to truly be a right, we must ensure that we are never again met with weapons of war on our streets.” “Tear gas is dangerous, and despite this, manufacturers have continued to profit off its sale.” # ⚓ A_Failure_to_Negotiate:_How_the_US_Lost_Its_War_in Afghanistan⠀⇛ In its October 3, 2001 edition, the Chicago Tribune declared, “Afghanistan’s Taliban government again refused to turn over suspected terrorist mastermind Osama bin Laden .  . .” Most US newspapers were saying the same, and probably most Americans today believe that’s what happened: the US demanded bin Laden’s extradition, the Taliban refused and would not negotiate, so the US had every right to invade. That makes a smooth story. But it’s not what happened. What happened is that Afghanistan’s Taliban government agreed in principle to the detention and extradition of bin Laden, and called for negotiations.  But they said that to extradite him they would need to be shown evidence that he was involved in the 9/11 terrorist attack. This offer was reported in many, though not all, news outlets. For example: # ⚓ Eyes_Are_Always_on_You:_Life_in_the_Post-9/11_Military⠀⇛ Now, be patient with me while I start my little exploration of such an American state at the most personal level before moving on to the way in which we now live in ever more of a — yes — surveillance state. A Navy Wife’s Perspective on Military Life, Post-9/ 11 # ⚓ Capitol_[insurrectionist]_admits_to_new_felonies_while representing_himself._Prosecutors_are_loving_it.⠀⇛ Master criminals these insurrection defendants are not. Anyone who grew up watching the mob movies of the ’70s, ’80s and ’90s would have a hard time imagining the gangster characters of “The Godfather” or “Goodfellas” posting videos of their heists to Instagram or making TikToks out of bank robberies. Longer ago, before the [Internet] had even been invented, insurrectionists in other countries were wearing balaclavas to hide their faces. # ⚓ ‘Good’:_House_Panel_Moves_to_Hold_Steve_Bannon_in_Criminal Contempt⠀⇛ The U.S. House committee investigating the January 6 insurrection is moving to hold former President Donald Trump’s erstwhile strategist Steve Bannon in criminal contempt for refusing to comply with a subpoena to testify about the right-wing attack on the Capitol, the panel announced Thursday. “The select committee will not tolerate defiance of our subpoenas.” # ⚓ Jan._6_Committee_Will_Move_to_Bring_Criminal_Charges Against_Steve_Bannon⠀⇛ Bannon, a former adviser to Trump, sent a letter to the committee on Wednesday reiterating his intent to defy a subpoena seeking testimony and documents related to January 6th. In the letter, Bannon’s attorney wrote that because Trump is claiming executive privilege, the former White House strategist will not testify until Trump reaches an agreement with the committee or a court makes a decision on the issue. # ⚓ January_6_panel_moves_to_hold_Steve_Bannon_in_criminal contempt⠀⇛ The committee investigating the January 6 Capitol Hill [insurrecion] announced Thursday it is moving forward to hold Trump ally Steve Bannon in criminal contempt for refusing to comply with a subpoena, as his game of chicken with the House panel now enters a new and critical phase. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ 75%_of_Democrats_Want_Party_to_Go_Big_on_Social_Spending, Climate_Action:_Poll⠀⇛ As congressional Democrats wrangle over the cost and coverage of their flagship Build Back Better package, new polling published Wednesday shows that an overwhelming majority of Democratic voters favor a progressive bill that goes further to combat social inequality and the climate emergency over a scaled-down package. “Now is the time to restore the faith of the American people in their government, to show them that we in fact can deliver for them, that we can improve their lives… Let’s get it done.” # ⚓ ‘Welcome_to_the_Chamber_of_Climate_Chaos’:_Activists_Target Powerful_Lobbying_Group⠀⇛ Amid a wave of climate protests in Washington, D.C. this week, some campaigners scaled the U.S. Chamber of Commerce office to call out the nation’s largest lobbying group for fueling climate chaos and urge members to cut ties with the business association. Activists flanked the building’s entrance with a pair of banners that said: “Welcome to the Chamber of Climate Chaos” and “Your Business Costs the Earth.” # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Opinion_|_California_Oil_Spill_Exposes_Newsom-Biden Failures_on_Drilling⠀⇛ Everybody knows Orange County by its postcard-perfect beaches. Those of us born and raised in the OC, take immense pride in—and feel intensely protective of—the natural beauty of our shores. As a kid, I didn’t have much, but I had the beach. # ⚓ Fossil_Fuel_Expansion_in_Africa_‘Not_Compatible_With a_Safe_Climate_Future’:_Report⠀⇛ Fossil fuel corporations have plans to expand dirty energy extraction in Africa—proposing more than a trillion dollars worth of new oil, gas, and coal projects over the next three decades—even though such an undertaking would exacerbate climate chaos and create “stranded assets that leave behind unfunded clean-up, shortfalls of government revenue, and overnight job losses.” That’s according to a new report published Thursday by Oil Change International in partnership with Oilwatch Africa, Africa Coal Network, 350Africa.org, Health of Mother Earth Foundation, WoMin African Alliance, and Center for International Environmental Law. # ⚓ Opinion_|_Indigenous_People_Remain_Crucial_to_Ending the_Fossil_Fuel_Era⠀⇛ Oil is now flowing through the Line 3 tar sands oil pipeline from Edmonton, Alberta to Superior, Wisconsin. The 1,097-mile-long pipeline, owned by the Canadian company Enbridge, includes 337 miles in northern Minnesota. It has faced strong resistance for years from indigenous people and other environmental activists known as “water protectors.” # ⚓ In_Step_Toward_‘Ensuring_a_Liveable_Climate,’_US Announces_Boost_to_Offshore_Wind⠀⇛ The Biden administration announced Wednesday an expansion of the nation’s offshore wind capacity, revealing plans for up to seven leases off the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts by 2025. “Climate change is the challenge of our lifetime,” Interior Secretary Deb Haaland tweeted Wednesday. # ⚓ The_Fossil_Fuel_Industry_Is_Holding_Up_the_Democratic Agenda⠀⇛ This will probably be the last chance Democrats get to pass meaningful climate action and stave off disaster. They have roughly one year to enact the White House’s agenda and save the country (and world) from the worst effects of climate change, before the midterm elections jeopardize their narrow control of Congress. Negotiations over the scope of Democrats’ climate and social safety net bill continue, but Democratic leaders are already preparing for crumbs. # ⚓ ‘We_Will_Never_Forget_What_You_Have_Done’:_Climate Activist_Grills_Shell_CEO_at_TED_Forum⠀⇛ A Scottish climate activist was hailed Thursday for poignantly challenging the CEO of Royal Dutch Shell—a company that’s known since at least the 1980s that its products fuel global heating—during a TED event in Edinburgh. “I hope you know that as the climate crisis gets more and more deadly, you will be to blame.” # ⚓ ‘Justice_Is_With_Us!’:_Climate_Groups_Cheer_French Court_Order_to_Cut_Emissions⠀⇛ Climate campaigners across France celebrated Thursday after the administrative court of Paris ordered the French government to honor its commitments to cut planet-heating emissions and “repair the ecological damage for which it is responsible” by the end of next year. The Case of the Century, or l’Affaire du Siècle, was launched three years ago by four advocacy groups: Oxfam France, Notre Affaire à Tous, Fondation pour la Nature et l’Homme, and Greenpeace France. # ⚓ Big_Tobacco_Got_Caught_in_a_Lie_by_Congress._Now_It’s the_Oil_Industry’s_Turn⠀⇛ Here’s the part that today’s Big Oil chieftains particularly don’t want to see repeated: Five weeks after that hearing, the first lawsuit was filed in what became an avalanche of litigation that resulted in a $206 billion judgment against Big Tobacco and a permanent sullying of its public image. The parallels with Big Oil today are uncanny. The Big Tobacco lawsuit was “premised on a simple notion,” said Mike Moore, the attorney general of Mississippi, who initiated the case: “You caused the health crisis—you pay for it” by reimbursing states for the extra costs that smoking imposed on their public health systems. Replace “the health crisis” with “the climate crisis” and you have the very same argument that New York, Massachusetts, Minnesota, and dozens of other state and local governments have made in their pending lawsuits against oil companies. And just as tobacco companies lied for 40 years about the dangers of smoking, so too have the oil companies lied for decades about the dangers of burning fossil fuels. They saw today’s climate crisis coming—their own scientists repeatedly warned top executives about it—and decided, bring it on. # ⚓ [Cryptocurrency]_Industry’s_Hard_Lobbying_Push_Now Includes_Coinbase⠀⇛ The largest U.S.-based [cryptocurrency] exchange released a policy proposal on Thursday calling for the U.S. government to put a new regulator in charge of digital assets and to create a new set of crypto- specific rules, instead of applying decades- old law that governs the rest of the financial system. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ In_Defense_of_Mother_Earth,_Indigenous_Leaders_Occupy Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs⠀⇛ Declaring that “another world is possible,” a group of Indigenous leaders on Thursday occupied the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington, D.C.—the first time such an action has taken place in roughly 50 years. According to a statement from the Indigenous Environmental Network, 55 people were arrested and taken away to D.C. Metro police stations. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Leaked_Email_Shows_Verizon_Pushing_Employees_to_Oppose Corporate_Tax_Hike⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_Our_Long_Neoliberal_Nightmare:_Congress_Should Not_Begrudge_$3.5_Trillion_Reconciliation_Package_for_the People⠀⇛ A half century of neoliberal economic policy unleashed by the Reagan administration to enhance corporate wealth while effectively crushing unions and flattening workers’ wages, has exploded massive U.S. wealth disparity. A 2020 Rand Corporation study reveals a stark truth: $50 trillion of U.S. wealth has been transferred from the bottom 90 percent of U.S. workers to the wealthiest 1 percent over a little more than four decades. Simultaneously, self-professed deficit hawks have ballooned deficits in order to benefit corporate elites with deregulation and huge tax cuts, like Trump’s 2017 $1.5 trillion corporate tax cuts, even as they invoke deficit-cutting as a means to eliminate social programs in which workers are invested, such as Medicare and Social Security. # ⚓ Condemning_‘Stunning’_Ethics_Violations,_Warren_and_Jayapal Demand_Answers_on_US_Judges_With_Financial_Conflicts⠀⇛ “A decisive response from the judiciary is urgent and necessary.” # ⚓ Corporate_Greed_the_‘Real_Culprit_Behind_Rising_Prices,’ Researchers_Say⠀⇛ Amid mounting data showing that people are paying more for food at grocery stores around the United States, a new analysis out Wednesday reveals how corporate power is “the real culprit behind rising prices at the checkout line.” “Addressing this crisis means recognizing these price increases for what they are: the result of deeply entrenched concentrated corporate power.” # ⚓ Wall_Street’s_Barons_Are_Causing_Homelessness_for_Profit⠀⇛ # ⚓ No,_We_Don’t_Have_to_Pick_Just_One_Policy_to_Help_Kids_and Families!⠀⇛ The New York Times’ “Upshot” section is often interesting, trying to quantify things that would sometimes seem to resist that approach. On Wednesday, it cited Axios’s reporting that West Virginia Senator Joe Manchin was demanding that Democrats narrow their ambitious, yet essential, “family policy” proposals in their reconciliation bill from four to one, and it interviewed experts to see which one they’d pick. # ⚓ The_Case_for_a_Substantive_Universal_Basic_Income⠀⇛ By UBI, I am referring to a policy where every resident of a society is guaranteed an income sufficient to meet basic needs.  This includes immigrants, documented and undocumented, and those incarcerated. I will focus on U.S. although important to conceptualize globally. # ⚓ Build_Back_Better_Legislation:_New_Keynesianism_or Neoliberal_Public_Relations_Stunt?⠀⇛ But the media’s tendency to reduce this struggle to a battle of personalities distorts, in a fundamental way, the real interests at play in this fight. The intra-party struggle of Democrats is a crystallization of the complex and contradictory reality of the intra-class struggle within the dominant wing of the capitalist class on the correct strategies for dealing with the ongoing and deepening capitalist crisis. The real terms of the struggle are between the class faction that sees the need to preempt potential radical working-class rebellion by making non-threatening reforms meant to bring some psychological relief and minor material benefits to the laboring classes as some of the provisions in the BBB legislation would bring. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Meet_Representative_Elaine_Luria,_Chowderhead⠀⇛ Representative Elaine Luria, a Democrat representing Virginia’s Second Congressional District, is in a hawkish mood. The former career naval officer wants the United States to gird itself for a showdown with China over Taiwan. Writing in The Washington Post, she proposes to “untie the hands of our president.” In the event of a prospective crisis involving Taiwan, Luria wants President Joe Biden to have “the necessary authorities” to use force without the hassle of seeking further congressional approval. In a nutshell, she proposes to confer on the present commander in chief—and presumably any successor—full authority to go to war with China, taking her congressional colleagues and all the rest of us along for the ride. # ⚓ Former_Trump_Official_Is_Head_of_Wisconsin_GOP’s_“Audit”_of the_2020_Election⠀⇛ # ⚓ Is_Donald_Trump_Trying_to_Destroy_the_Republican_Party?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_There_Can_Be_No_Compromise_on_Voting_Rights⠀⇛ In a year that began with the promise of a new direction for our country, few things have been more disheartening than the eruption of voter suppression laws in Republican-led states. These laws gut the voting rights that Black and brown voters fought and died to secure. # ⚓ House_Progressives_to_Pelosi:_Reject_Divisive_Means-Testing in_Favor_of_Universal_Benefits⠀⇛ Leaders of the Congressional Progressive Caucus on Wednesday reiterated their top-level priorities for the nascent reconciliation package and urged their fellow Democrats to pursue universal programs instead of “complicated methods of means-testing that the wealthy and powerful will use to divide us.” “The CPC agrees that President [Joe] Biden has made a compelling case to the American people that government can, and should, be a force for good in this country, and we agree that bold investments in good-paying union jobs, climate action, immigration reform, and caregiving are essential to uplifting families and building back better,” reads a letter that the CPC’s executive board sent to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif). “This is our moment to make the president’s vision a reality.” # ⚓ Opinion_|_Did_the_United_Nations_Just_Abandon_Yemen?⠀⇛ Monday, October 11, marked the official closure of the U.N. Group of Eminent Experts on Yemen (also known as the Group of Experts or GEE). For nearly four years, this investigative group examined alleged human rights abuses suffered by Yemenis whose basic rights to food, shelter, safety, health care and education were horribly violated, all while they were bludgeoned by Saudi and U.S. air strikes, drone attacks, and constant warfare since 2014. # ⚓ UN_Human_Rights_Council_Abandons_Yemen⠀⇛ Yemen has been at war since 2014, when the country’s Houthi rebels (Ansar Allah) toppled the internationally-recognized government of President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi.  In 2015, a military coalition led by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates intervened in Yemen, ostensibly at President Hadi’s request.  The Saudi- led coalition is backed by the US and UK, while the Houthis receive support from Iran.  Also at war in Yemen are the Southern Transitional Council, a separatist movement in Yemen’s south; Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula; and Al-Islah, the Yemeni branch of the Muslim Brotherhood; as well as a variety of extremist militias and tribes.  The Group of International Experts has concluded that it has “reasonable grounds” to conclude that all of these actors have committed serious human rights violations and breaches of international humanitarian law.[1]  Yet none of them voted against the October 7 resolution.  Saudi Arabia and the US are not even members of the Human Rights Council.  So, who killed the GEE’s investigation? Eighteen members of the Human Rights Council voted to continue the GEE’s mandate, twenty-one voted against, and seven abstained.[2]  Three of the 28 states voting against the resolution were Russia, China, and Bahrain. All three are repressive states with miserable human rights records. # ⚓ US_Urged_to_‘Step_Up’_at_Home_After_Reelection_to_UN_Human Rights_Council⠀⇛ The United States was urged Thursday to “step up and prioritize human rights in domestic policy” in response to its reelection to the United Nations Human Rights Council. The U.S. was among the 18 members the U.N. General Assembly elected for the human rights body for a three-year term beginning next year.  # ⚓ Trump_Says_His_Base_Won’t_Vote_in_2022,_2024_Unless_Bogus Audits_Continue⠀⇛ # ⚓ Manchin_Has_Received_$1.5_Million_From_Corporate_Interests Attacking_Biden_Agenda:_Report⠀⇛ Sen. Joe Manchin, one of a handful of Democratic lawmakers threatening to tank President Joe Biden’s legislative agenda, has received at least $1.5 million in campaign donations from the businesses and trade groups leading corporate America’s lobbying blitz against the Build Back Better reconciliation package, a new analysis by Accountable.US reveals. The watchdog group’s report, provided exclusively to Common Dreams, shows that corporate powerhouses including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce—the highest- spending lobbying firm in the U.S—and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America have donated a combined $1,525,700 to Manchin (D-W.Va.), a key swing vote who is currently working to lop as much as $2 trillion off his own party’s popular legislation. # ⚓ FTC_carpet_bombs_industry_with_letters_warning_that_fake reviews_will_be_punished⠀⇛ US companies ranging from Amazon to Applebee’s, Google to Gap, IBM to IHOP, and Microsoft to McDonald’s have received warnings from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) about fake reviews and misleading endorsements. The competition and consumer protection regulator says it has fired off “Notice of Penalty Offense” [PDF] letters to over 700 companies – from the biggest of Big Tech and Big Pharma down to iconic purveyors of Americana across the world. If you’ve heard of them, they’re probably on the list [PDF]. # ⚓ Krysten_Sinema_is_the_Epitome_of_Political_Corruption⠀⇛ Which brings us to the story of Kyrsten Sinema. For a  republican democracy to actually work, average citizens with a passion for making their country better must be able to run for public office without needing wealthy or powerful patrons; this is a concept that dates back to Aristotle’s rants on the topic. And Sinema was, in the beginning, just that sort of person. But I’m getting ahead of myself… # ⚓ Poll:_Kyrsten_Sinema_Would_Lose_to_Progressive_Challengers If_Primary_Were_Now⠀⇛ # ⚓ Sinema_Takes_Off_to_Europe_for_Fundraising_While Obstructing_Democratic_Agenda⠀⇛ # ⚓ While_Roadblocking_Party_Agenda,_Sinema_Absconds_to_Europe for_Fundraising⠀⇛ With President Joe Biden’s popular legislative agenda hanging in the balance largely due to her obstruction, Democratic Sen. Kyrsten Sinema left the country this week to raise campaign cash in Europe—a trip that was reported as new polling showed she is completely underwater with Arizona voters. “⁦She’s not only endangering her own reelection, but the reelection of Dems across the board.” o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ University_Of_Hong_Kong_Wants_To_Remove_A_Sculpture Commemorating_Tiananmen;_To_Preserve_It,_People_Have Crowdsourced_A_Digital_3D_Replica⠀⇛ As Techdirt has chronicled, the political situation in Hong Kong becomes worse by the day, as the big panda in Beijing embraces a region whose particular freedoms were supposed to be guaranteed for another 25 years at least. One manifestation of the increasing authoritarianism in Hong Kong is growing censorship. The latest battle is over a sculpture commemorating pro-democracy protesters killed during China’s 1989 crackdown in Tiananmen Square, and on display in the University of Hong Kong. South China Morning Post reports: # ⚓ Content_Moderation_Case_Study:_Tumblr’s_Approach_To_Adult Content_(2013)⠀⇛ Summary: There are unique challenges in handling adult content on a website, whether it’s an outright ban, selectively allowed, cordoned off under content warnings, or (in some cases) actively encouraged.Tumblr’s early approaches to dealing with adult content on its site is an interesting illustration in the interaction between user tagging and how a site’s own tools interact with such tags. # ⚓ House_Democrats_announce_bill_to_rein_in_tech_algorithms⠀⇛ Top Democrats on the House Energy and Commerce Committee on Thursday announced legislation aimed at holding online platforms accountable for content promoted by their algorithms. The Justice Against Malicious Algorithms Act would amend Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, which provides platforms with immunity from content posted by third parties and allows good faith moderation, to make platforms liable for certain dangerous content. The bill would only apply to platforms with over 5 million unique monthly visitors and contains exceptions for web hosting sites. # ⚓ Freedom_of_speech_should_not_be_restricted_lightly⠀⇛ It is important to set these events in context. The right to freedom of expression, and the concept of human rights in general, is under attack. Right- wing populists such as Jair Bolsonaro, Donald Trump, Narendra Modi and Victor Orbán have found common cause with religious conservatives to deride the notion of fundamental individual rights. Yet, rather than defend them, many critics on the Left also deride rights as Enlightenment-inspired, Eurocentric figleaves for racism, sexism and imperialist apologism. # ⚓ Georgia’s_University_System_Takes_On_Tenure⠀⇛ “The faculty voice is now being heard less and less,” said Matthew Boedy, a tenured associate professor of rhetoric and composition at the University of North Georgia, a public university, and the president of the Georgia conference of the Association of University Professors. He considers the decision, he said, to be a “deep ideological attack on higher education,” adding, “Every person involved in higher education will recognize the headline that tenure died in Georgia today.” # ⚓ Todd_Haynes’_new_film_takes_us_deep_into_The_Velvet Underground⠀⇛ The content hindered the record’s promotion – radio stations refused to play the songs and legal challenges to a photograph on the back forced the record company to recall the album just as it was gaining steam. Sales in the first two years topped off somewhere in the tens of thousands, considered a commercial failure at that time. Nico left for a solo career. Reed fired Warhol and then Cale, then steered the songs toward a decidedly more radio friendly sound, reflected in songs like the aptly titled “Rock & Roll.” The Velvet Underground disbanded completely within a few years. # ⚓ Microsoft_shutting_down_LinkedIn_in_China,_to_offer_new app⠀⇛ Microsoft also said it would launch a modified China-specific version of the site for job hunting later this year, but without the social media aspects of the site such as the social feed and ability to share posts. o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Canada_Then_and_Now⠀⇛ Manning is the whistleblower who leaked documents to WikiLeaks about the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, was sentenced to 35 years in prison for her admirable actions and released in 2017 by then- President Barack Obama. If a person attempts to enter Canada for an offense that may have been punishable by a sentence of 10 years or more, that person can be barred from entry into Canada and thrown out of the country. Canada has been the stepchild of US policy, both foreign, domestic, and especially economic. While a somewhat more liberal Western Europe social order is present in Canada, its proximity to the US has often cast Canada in the subservient role to the dictates of US policy. # ⚓ Consortium_Behind_Pegasus_Project_Wins_EU_Journalism Prize⠀⇛ The consortium of journalists behind the Pegasus Project investigation into malware from Israel- based NSO Group won the top European Union journalism prize Thursday. The group provided further evidence that the malware was used to spy on journalists, human rights activists and political dissidents. The European Parliament said in a statement that the “unprecedented leak of more than 50,000 phone numbers selected for surveillance by the customers of the Israeli company NSO Group shows how this technology has been systematically abused for years.” # ⚓ A_Russian_editor_says_he_won_the_Nobel_because_his_slain colleagues_could_not⠀⇛ The day before Dmitry Muratov won the Nobel peace prize, the editor-in-chief of Novaya Gazeta stood in remembrance outside the Moscow apartment block where his newspaper’s most famous journalist was murdered exactly 15 years before. Anna Politkovskaya was shot on October 7th 2006—Vladimir Putin’s birthday. Her death, Mr Putin said at the time, caused more damage to Russia’s authorities than her work. This callousness offended Mr Muratov. It hurts that the statute of limitations has passed and those who ordered the killing have still not been named. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ New_York_City’s_State_of_Permanent_Crisis⠀⇛ Benjamin Holtzman’s new history of New York City, The Long Crisis, begins and ends with a pair of proclamations the city’s newspapers and magazines have long enjoyed making: declarations of crisis. Holtzman sets his scene in 1965, when the New York Herald Tribune asserted, “New York is the greatest city in the world, and everything is wrong with it.” He closes 25 years later with the launch of the Manhattan Institute’s City Journal, which promised “radical solutions to New York’s radical problems” (from a conservative think tank). # ⚓ Women’s_March_in_Brooklyn_2021⠀⇛ # ⚓ Opinion_|_We_Love_You_George_Floyd._We_Got_You_This_October 14th_#TeachTruth_National_Day_of_Action_for_Your_Birthday⠀⇛ George Perry Floyd Jr. would have turned 48-years- young on Thursday, October 14, 2021—if it wasn’t for structural racism and its conduit in the form of police officer Derek Chauvin. # ⚓ Tom_Hanks:_The_Trojan_Horse_in_a_Citadel_of_Labor⠀⇛ Is Thomas Jeffrey Hanks a Steely Mogul-Bossman or a Union Loyalist? Can the Beloved Icon be Both? # ⚓ ‘Shameful_and_Dangerous’:_Oklahoma_Woman_Faces_4_Years_in Prison_for_Miscarriage⠀⇛ “Policies and practices that criminalize individuals during pregnancy and the postpartum period create fear of punishment… and prevents many pregnant people from seeking vital health services.” # ⚓ Heroes_or_Parasites:_Europe’s_Self-serving_Politics_on Refugees⠀⇛ The wars in Syria, Libya, Afghanistan and other Middle Eastern, Asian and African countries in recent years have resulted in one of the greatest humanitarian catastrophes, arguably unseen since World War II. Instead of developing a unified global strategy that places the welfare of the refugees of these conflicts as a top priority, many countries ignored them altogether, blamed them for their own misery and, at times, treated them as if they were criminals and outlaws. But this is not always the case. At the start of the Syrian war, support for Syrian refugees was considered a moral calling, championed by countries across the world, from the Middle East to Europe and even beyond. Though often rhetoric was not matched by action, helping the refugees was seen, theoretically, as a political stance against the Syrian government. # ⚓ Texas_Abortion_Providers_Are_“Hitting_Their_Limits”⠀⇛ Austin, Tex.—Months before Senate Bill 8 (SB 8) went into effect, staff and providers at Whole Woman’s Health—a network of abortion clinics—anxiously braced for the impact of one of the most extreme anti-choice laws in the United States. They spent countless hours in meetings strategizing how best to comply with the onerous Texas law, which bars abortion care once embryonic cardiac activity is detected, typically around six weeks of pregnancy. As more than 80 percent of pregnant people in the state receive care past this time frame, the law amounts to a near-total abortion ban. # ⚓ Conservationists_See_Rare_Nature_Sanctuaries._Black_Farmers See_a_Legacy_Bought_Out_From_Under_Them.⠀⇛ The Sweet Fern Savanna Land and Water Reserve, in the heart of Pembroke Township, Illinois, offers a glimpse into what much of the area looked like before European settlers drained swamps and cleared forests to grow corn and soybeans. At least 18 threatened or endangered plant and animal species, including the ornate box turtle and regal fritillary butterfly, have been sighted here. Mature oaks tower over verdant fields of clustered sedge and Carolina whipgrass. Warbling songbirds and buzzing cicadas add a mellow soundtrack to the tranquil scene. # ⚓ They_put_me_in_solitary_for_drugs_I_didn’t_have:_Many prisons_use_faulty_drug_tests⠀⇛ The kits seem simple — mix a chemical or two with the suspicious substance and see what color it turns. But the tests are imprecise and prone to user error, so they can flag everything from doughnut glaze to motor oil as illegal substances. They’ve generated so many wrongful convictions that some courts refuse to allow them as evidence. Even so, many prison systems still rely on them to punish people for drugs they don’t have. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Broadband_Data_Caps_Mysteriously_Disappear_When_Competition Comes_Knocking⠀⇛ We’ve noted for years how broadband data caps (and monthly overage fees) are complete bullshit. They serve absolutely no technical function, and despite years of ISPs trying to claim they “help manage network congestion,” that’s never been remotely true. Instead they exist exclusively as a byproduct of limited competition. They’re a glorified price hike by regional monopolies who know they’ll see little (or no!) competitive or regulatory pressure to stop nickel and diming captive customers. # ⚓ House_Democrats_Decide_To_Hand_Facebook_The_Internet_By Unconstitutionally_Taking_Section_230_Away_From_Algorithms⠀⇛ We’ve been pointing out for a while now that mucking with Section 230 as an attempt to “deal” with how much you hate Facebook is a massive mistake. It’s also exactly what Facebook wants, because as it stands right now, Facebook is actually losing users to its core product, and the company has realized that burdening competitors with regulations — regulations that Facebook can easily handle with its massive bank account — is a great way to stop competition and lock in Facebook’s dominant position. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ 10,000_John_Deere_Workers_Walk_Off_Job_as_Strike_Wave Sweeps_US⠀⇛ # ⚓ ‘Some_Things_Are_Worth_Fighting_For’:_10,000_Unionized_John Deere_Workers_Now_on_Strike⠀⇛ An estimated 10,000 unionized John Deere workers are officially on strike Thursday after a midnight deadline failed to yield an agreement to satisfy the organized workforce of the well-known tractor and farm machine company. “Our members at John Deere strike for the ability to earn a decent living, retire with dignity and establish fair work rules,” said Chuck Browning, vice prresident and director of the UAW’s Agricultural Implement Department, in a statement released just after midnight. “We stay committed to bargaining until our members’ goals are achieved.” o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Amazon_accused_of_copying_merchant_products_in_India_•_The Register⠀⇛ When asked in July, 2020, by US Representative Pramila Jayapal (D-WA) whether Amazon ever mined data from its third-party vendors to launch competing products, founder and then CEO Jeff Bezos said he couldn’t answer “yes” or “no,” but insisted Amazon had rules disallowing the practice. # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ WHO_Chief_Warns_‘Morally_Repugnant’_Vaccine_Hoarding Is_Giving_Virus_‘Free_Rein’_to_Mutate⠀⇛ As wealthy nations continue hoarding Covid-19 vaccine stockpiles and pharmaceutical corporations keep refusing to vaccine technology, the head of the World Health Organization on Wednesday stressed that rich countries have the tools to end the pandemic, while warning of potentially deadlier mutations if action is delayed. “At the time of writing, close to 10,000 people were recorded as dying every single day because of this virus. We can end this crisis, but only with the support of key countries and vaccine manufacturers.” # ⚓ As_Moderna_Refuses,_Democrats_Push_Biden_to_Share Vaccine_Recipe_With_the_World⠀⇛ A dozen congressional Democrats on Wednesday urged the Biden administration to do everything in its power to force Moderna to share its coronavirus vaccine with poor nations, including potentially using the government’s authority under a federal contract to unilaterally release the pharmaceutical giant’s manufacturing process. “The federal government must use all its tools, including legal action, to get them to transfer this urgently needed technology.” # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Public_Backlash_Leads_Tulsa_Park_To_Stop_Bullying Coffee_Shop_Over_Trademark⠀⇛ A good public outcry and backlash can lead to many, many good things. We see it here at Techdirt all the time, particularly when it comes to aggressive bullying episodes over intellectual property. Some person or company will try to play IP bully against some victim, the public gets wind of it and throws a fit, and suddenly the necessity over the IP action goes away. Retailers, manufacturers, breweries: public outcry is a great way to end ridiculous legal actions. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Hollywood_and_Netflix_Signal_“Piracy_as_a_Service”_ (PaaS)_as_New_Threat_Vector⠀⇛ The Motion Picture Association (MPA) has submitted its latest overview of ‘notorious’ foreign piracy markets to the US Trade Representative. Aside from The Pirate Bay’s and Fmovies of this world, Telegram, Baidu, and various domain registries are called out. In addition, MPA highlights ‘Piracy-as-a- Service’ as a new threat vector. # ⚓ Hollywood_and_Publisher_Injunctions_Lead_to_New_UK ISP_Piracy_Blocks⠀⇛ Movie, TV show and publishing companies have obtained permission to block yet more piracy and piracy facilitating sites in the UK. In addition to various streaming portals, the MPA also targets a popular unblocking service. Companies involved in the publishing sector are also trying to plug holes by blocking access to workarounds for Sci-Hub and similar platforms. # ⚓ The_2021_CC_Global_Summit_Keynotes_Are_Here!⠀⇛ Alongside the 170+ sessions that took place at this year’s virtual event, we hosted five keynotes from global leaders in the open movement, who shared their work in open data, science and health, software and law. We’re excited to share these recordings of the keynotes with you today! # ⚓ Reflections_from_the_2021_CC_Global_Summit⠀⇛ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 6488 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 10.15.21⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_16/10/2021:_Xubuntu_21.10_and_DearPyGui_1.0.0⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 6:52 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ October_2021_Web_Server_Survey [Ed: Microsoft became so irrelevant in Web servers that it is not even mentioned anymore and most tables don't even list Microsoft (it's miniscule, outside view)]⠀⇛ In the October 2021 survey we received responses from 1,179,448,021 sites across 265,426,928 unique domains and 11,388,826 web-facing computers. This reflects a loss of 8.59 million sites, but a gain of 1.07 million domains and 20,800 computers. The number of unique domains powered by the nginx web server grew by 789,000 this month, which has increased its total to 79.5 million domains and its leading market share to 29.9%. Conversely, Apache lost 753,000 domains and saw its second-place share fall to 24.7%. Meanwhile, Cloudflare gained 746,000 domains – almost as many as nginx – but it stays in fourth place with an 8.15% share while OpenResty’s shrank slightly to 14.5%. Cloudflare also made strong progress amongst the top million websites, where it increased its share by 0.24 percentage points to 18.2%. nginx is in second place with a 22.5% (+0.12pp) share but has closed the gap on Apache which still leads with 24.0% after losing 0.21pp. Apache also continues to lead in terms of active sites, where it has a total of 48.0 million. However, it was the only major vendor to suffer a drop in this metric, with a loss of 277,000 active sites reducing its share down to 23.9% (-0.29pp). In terms of all sites, nginx lost the most (-9.99 million) but remains far in the lead with a total of 412 million. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_–_Full_Review_–_Invidious⠀⇛ Ubuntu 21.10 finally features the GNOME 40 desktop, better Wayland support, and more. In this video, I’ll give you my thoughts on “Impish Idri” and we’ll go over some of the new features. I’ll talk about the installation process, Wayland changes, # ⚓ LHS_Episode_#435:_The_Weekender_LXXX⠀⇛ It’s time once again for The Weekender. This is our bi-weekly departure into the world of amateur radio contests, open source conventions, special events, listener challenges, hedonism and just plain fun. Thanks for listening and, if you happen to get a chance, feel free to call us or e-mail and send us some feedback. Tell us how we’re doing. We’d love to hear from you. # ⚓ Time_to_Rice_and_Make_the_Best_Looking_Desktop_– Invidious⠀⇛ We have our script that sets up the system… now we make our script to automatically make our desktop the best looking one out there! o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Paul_E._Mc_Kenney:_TL;DR:_Memory-Model_Recommendations_for Rusting_the_Linux_Kernel⠀⇛ These recommendations assume that the initial Linux-kernel targets for Rust developers are device drivers that do not have unusual performance and scalability requirements, meaning that wrappering of small C-language functions is tolerable. (Please note that most device drivers fit into this category.) It also assumes that the main goal is to reduce memory-safety bugs, although other bugs might be addressed as well. Or, Murphy being Murphy, created as well. But that is a risk in all software development, not just Rust in the Linux kernel. Those interested in getting Rust into Linux-kernel device drivers sooner rather than later should look at the short-term recommendations, while those interested in extending Rust’s (and, for that matter, C’s) concurrency capabilities might be more interested in the long-term recommendations. # ⚓ Verification_Challenges⠀⇛ You would like to do some formal verification of C code? Or you would like a challenge for your formal-verification tool? Either way, here you go! # ⚓ Cluster_Scheduler_Support_Queued_Ahead_Of_Linux_5.16_– Phoronix⠀⇛ Cluster scheduler support has been queued up for landing in the Linux 5.16 kernel for AArch64 and x86_64 systems for improving the CPU scheduler behavior for systems that have clusters of CPU cores. The cluster scheduler support in this context is about enhancing the Linux kernel’s scheduler for systems where sets of CPU cores share an L2 cache or other mid-level caches/resources. This cluster scheduler work stems from work by HiSilicon and Huawei aiming to improve the Linux performance for the Kunpeng 920 server chip. That HiSilicon SoC has six or eight clusters per NUMA node with four CPU cores per cluster and a shared L3 cache. With the cluster scheduler patches they were able to enhance the overall performance of the system and also improve the efficiency. # ⚓ AMD_Finally_Enabling_PSR_By_Default_For_Newer_Hardware_With Linux_5.16_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ With it getting late into the Linux 5.15 kernel cycle, the focus is shifting by the Direct Rendering Driver maintainers from new feature work targeting the next cycle (5.16) to instead on bug fixes. AMD sent out a pull request of new AMDGPU Linux 5.16 material this week that is primarily delivering bug fixes but one notable addition is finally enabling PSR by default for newer GPUs. # § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ Intel_Compute-Runtime_21.41.21220_Ships_Updated_DG1 Support_–_Phoronix⠀⇛ Intel’s open-source engineers have shipped Compute-Runtime 21.41.21220 as the newest version of this Linux compute stack enabling OpenCL and Level Zero support with their graphics processors. Intel Compute-Runtime 21.41.21220 is the latest weekly update for this compute stack. New this week is updated DG1 platform support and Level Zero support for SPIR-V static module linking. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Sourcing_a_file_in_Linux:_Here_are_the_basics_of_this important_concept_–_TechRepublic⠀⇛ Open source expert Jack Wallen explains the Linux source command and offers an example. # ⚓ How_to_play_Legion_TD_2_on_Linux⠀⇛ Legion TD 2 is a tower defense game for Windows. It was developed and published by AutoAttack Games. Thanks to Proton, you’ll be able to play this game on Linux. Here’s how. # ⚓ How_to_play_Stick_Fight:_The_Game_on_Linux⠀⇛ Stick Fight: The Game is a physics-based online fighting game for PC. It was developed by Landfall West and published by Landfall. Here’s how you can enjoy Stick Fight: The Game on Linux. # ⚓ Setting_up_a_ThinkPad_x250_with_Linux ⠀⇛ Two chapters in this article are Debian-specific, the rest is more or less Archlinux-specific. It never grew into the device-specific alround tutorial I envisioned and has been partially superseded by this article. The ThinkPad itself is in daily use. No regrets there! # ⚓ How_to_Install_Fish_Shell_on_CentOS_8_and_Rocky_Linux_8_– VITUX⠀⇛ Fish Shell also known as ‘Friendly interactive shell’ used for Unix/Linux-like operating distributions. It provides a smart, fully equipped, and user-friendly command-line environment for all Linux users. Fish shell supports various features unlike any other shell such as autosuggestion, Tab completion, syntax highlighting, Sane Scripting, Glorious VGA Color, and web-based configuration. Using this interactive shell environment, you do not need to remember a bunch of Linux commands because it is more productive and comes with various handy features. We will talk about the installation of interactive Fish Shell on CentOS 8 in this tutorial. The same steps apply to Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux too. # ⚓ How_to_install_Devuan(II)_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ In this article I show how to install Devuan using the installer included in the desktop-live iso, refractainstaller. In a previous article I’ve showed how to install it using the net-install ISO. From the devuan site: Devuan GNU+Linux is a fork of Debian without systemd that allows users to reclaim control over their system by avoiding unnecessary entanglements and ensuring Init Freedom. # ⚓ How_to_install_and_configure_NextCloud_on_Centos_8_and LEMP⠀⇛ In this guide, we are going to set up NextCloud on a Centos 8 server hosted with Nginx and php (LEMP stack). We will be using Mysql 8 and PHP 7.4 for this guide.This will also work for RHEL derivatives like Alma Linux 8, Rocky Linux 8 and RHEL 8. Nextcloud is an Open Source suite of client-server software for creating and using file hosting services. It is a a free self-hosted cloud storage solution similar to Dropbox, Google Drive, etc. With Nextcloud, you don’t have to worry about the pricey alternatives and since you will host your own files, you don’t have to worry about privacy or someone collecting your data. # ⚓ How_To_Install_SuiteCRM_on_CentOS_8_–_Unixcop⠀⇛ SuiteCRM is a free open source Customer Relationship Management application for servers. It is written in PHP. Open source CRM is often used as an alternative to proprietary CRM software from major corporations such as HubSpot, Salesforce and Microsoft Dynamics CRM applications. SuiteCRM is a software fork of the popular customer relationship management (CRM) system from SugarCRM. The SuiteCRM project started when SugarCRM decided to stop development of its open-source version. In this guide, we will show you how to install SuiteCRM in your CentOS 8 Linux. # ⚓ How_to_Install_&_Configure_VNC_Server_on_CentOS_8,_Rocky Linux_8,_or_AlmaLinux_8_–_ByteXD⠀⇛ Virtual Network Computing, commonly known as VNC, is a platform-independent protocol that uses the client-server architecture to access a remote computer over a network. It enables users to access the remote computer’s graphical desktop and send mouse clicks and keyboard strokes to the remote system. Alternatives to VNC for CentOS that we have covered are xRDP and X2Go. All these technologies have similar goals, but their methods for achieving them differ. This post will give you a step-by-step tutorial for installing and configuring a VNC server on your CentOS 8, Rocky Linux 8 or AlmaLinux 8, along with how to install and use multiple popular desktop environments. Over the course of this article we’ll refer to all 3 operating systems when mentioning only CentOS 8, to avoid repeating all 3 every time. Also, the screenshots provided in this tutorial are mostly from CentOS 8. I have provided a few from Rocky Linux 8 and AlmaLinux 8, to prove that I have also tested this tutorial on them. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Apache_Spark_on_Debian_11⠀⇛ Apache Spark is a free, open-source, general- purpose and distributed computational framework that is created to provide faster computational results. It supports several APIs for streaming, graph processing including, Java, Python, Scala, and R. Generally, Apache Spark can be used in Hadoop clusters, but you can also install it in standalone mode. In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Apache Spark framework on Debian 11. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Specific_Version_of_Package_using_DNF⠀⇛ As part of application requirements or testing, you might need to install specific version of a package. DNF is a package manager for RPM-based Linux distributions such Fedora, RHEL, Rocky Linux, AlmaLinux, and more. In this tutorial, we learn how to install specific version of package using DNF. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Unity_Desktop_on_Ubuntu_21.10_Impish_Indri_– LinuxCapable⠀⇛ Unity Desktop Environment is a graphical shell for the GNOME desktop environment created and maintained by Canonical for Ubuntu operating systems. As time has passed and Ubuntu is now officially using GNOME as the default desktop environment, it is maintained and developed by the Unity7 Maintainers and UBports. With Ubuntu 21.10 being released, another Unity Desktop environment has occupied it. This release still uses the Unity 7 interface as the UnityX 10 is still under development. However, in further Ubuntu distribution releases, this interface will undoubtedly appear. Overall, Unity is an excellent option for its speed, alternative looks to rival any other Desktop Environment. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Unity on Ubuntu 21.10 with various options. # ⚓ How_to_install_Craft_CMS_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_Focal_Fossa_– Linux_Shout⠀⇛ Just like WordPress, we have another open-source Craft CMS that is a new and innovative content management system with a large community of developers and communities worldwide. Here we learn the steps to Install Craft CMS on Ubuntu 20.04 or 18.04. It is an open-source CMS based on PHP / MySQL with the TWIG template engine, flexible in nature, and has a user-friendly interface for creating digital current and administrative tasks. Craft CMS also offers a built-in plugin store with hundreds of free and paid plugins. Whereas is robust framework allows developers to develop modules and plugins. # ⚓ Install_Guacamole_for_Remote_Linux/Windows_Access_in_Ubuntu [Ed: Just updated]⠀⇛ As a system administrator, you may find yourself (today or in the future) working in an environment where Windows and Linux coexist. It is no secret that some big companies prefer (or have to) run some of their production services in Windows boxes and others in Linux servers. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Uh_oh,_looks_like_Despot’s_Game:_Dystopian_Army_Builder_is going_to_suck_all_my_time_away_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Despot’s Game: Dystopian Army Builder is a brand new release from Konfa Games and tinybuild that sees you command a bunch of naked people and send them through a strange post-apocalyptic labyrinth. Note: personal purchase. Like it Loop Hero, you have no direct control during combat you just watch it play out and hope for the best. Here though you’re running through some kind of maze-like dungeon full of strange machines, with multiple people you need to look after. They’ll likely die a lot though, don’t get too attached, you can buy more naked people. Eventually you might come across the nefarious d’Spot who runs the show and perhaps destroy them to earn your freedom. It blends together quite a few different genres and it feels totally unique. The structure is a bit like The Binding of Isaac with you going from room to room, it’s also a strategy game with you buying people and equipping them with various weapons you buy from shops spread throughout the maze and then there’s the fusion of auto battling so you can sit back and watch the mess unfold. # ⚓ Techland_continue_expanding_the_Hellraid_DLC_as_they_try_to improve_reviews_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ When Techland released the Hellraid DLC in August 2020 inspired by their unreleased dark fantasy slasher Hellraid the reviews were not kind, as it was very basic but they’ve kept at it and another big update is out now. # ⚓ Brawlhalla_to_get_Easy_Anti-Cheat,_dev_puts_up_Beta_with EAC_working_on_Linux_with_Proton_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Blue Mammoth Games announced that later in October that the platform-fighter Brawlhalla will be getting Easy Anti-Cheat. Thankfully, they’ve put up a Beta for Linux users playing it on Steam Play Proton and it works. # ⚓ Apple_is_now_funding_Blender_development_joining_many_big names_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ There’s apparently absolutely no stopping the Blender train, with the developer announcing that Apple has now joined their development fund. # ⚓ Valve_banning_games_that_allow_exchanging_cryptocurrencies or_NFTs_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ It seems Valve aren’t a big fan of cryptocurrencies or NFTs as they’ve updated their onboarding guide with a new point about disallowing games that allow you to exchange them. Under the Rules and Guidelines heading where it mentions “What you shouldn’t publish on Steam” there’s a new line that states “Applications built on blockchain technology that issue or allow exchange of cryptocurrencies or NFTs”. # ⚓ Check_out_this_crowdfunding_campaign_to_learn_Godot_Engine from_GDQuest_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ GDQuest, a well-known name in the free and open source Godot Engine land has launched a new crowdfunding campaign aiming to get you to go from zero to hero with Godot programming. A course aimed at anyone and everyone who fancies getting into making games with Godot. The founder of GDQuest, Nathan Lovato, emailed in a little info about it: ” Learn to Code From Zero is a course for everyone who wants to learn development. With it, you will learn programming from the very basics to creating a complete video game inspired by the hectic action game Enter the Gungeon. Game development courses typically consist of hours of step-by-step tutorials. They feel nice while you follow along, but as soon as you’re left alone, working on your game, you get stuck. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ KDE_Plasma_5.23_Desktop_Released⠀⇛ The release of the custom KDE Plasma 5.23 shell is available , built using the KDE Frameworks 5 platform and the Qt 5 library using OpenGL / OpenGL ES for rendering acceleration. You can evaluate the work of the new version through the Live build from the openSUSE project and the build from the KDE Neon User Edition project . Packages for various distributions can be found on this page . The release is timed to coincide with the 25th anniversary of the project – on October 14, 1996, Matthias Ettrich announced the creation of a new free desktop environment aimed at end users, not programmers or system administrators, and able to compete with the commercial ones available at that time. products such as CDE. The GNOME project, which had similar goals, appeared 10 months later. The first stable release of KDE 1.0 was released on July 12, 1998, KDE 2.0 was released on October 23, 2000, KDE 3.0 on April 3, 2002, KDE 4.0 on January 11, 2008, KDE Plasma 5 in July 2014. # ⚓ KDE_turns_25_and_the_celebration_is_already underway⠀⇛ KDE turns 25 . On this day a quarter of a century ago, a young German software engineer named Matthias Ettrich culminated his final degree project with an ambitious proposal : the creation of a desktop environment for Linux and other Unix systems that was “consistent, pleasant and free »using the Qt library. Thus was born Kool Desktop Environment, more popular today for its acronym. Since then it has not rained not much, but a lot and KDE has become one of the most important Free Software projects and communities in the world , although it has remained on the less populous and profitable side of the end user and not so much on that of the company, even though the truth is that the software as such is agnostic and only attends to what its license allows. KDE thus became the first Linux desktop environment and after four major versions in which it has not stopped expanding and improving, in one of the best desktop environments for PC, standing up to and even surpassing alternatives developed by the big companies in the technology sector. But KDE is not just a desktop environment, it is much more than that. # ⚓ KDE_Plasma_25th_Anniversary_Edition:_Five_Biggest Changes!_–_Kockatoo_Tube⠀⇛ # ⚓ digiKam_–_digiKam_Recipes_21.10.15_released⠀⇛ It has been a while since the last update of digiKam Recipes. But that doesn’t mean I neglected the book. In the past few months, I’ve been doing a complete language review and adding new material. The new revision of digiKam Recipes features detailed information on how to move digiKam library and databases from one machine to another, how to access digiKam remotely from any machine, and how to import photos from an iOS device. The book now uses the Barlow font for better legibility along with a slightly improved layout. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ GNOME_41_Desktop_Lands_in_openSUSE_Tumbleweed,_KDE Plasma_5.23_Is_Coming_Soon⠀⇛ The GNOME 41 desktop environment series was released at the end of September 2021, and is slowly making its way into the stable software repositories of various rolling- release distributions. It still didn’t arrive for Arch Linux users, but it landed in openSUSE Tumbleweed. If you can’t wait any longer for GNOME 41 to arrive in the software repositories of your favorite distro and you want to use it right now, you can download and install the latest openSUSE Tumbleweed Live GNOME ISO snapshot from here. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ Xubuntu_21.10_released!⠀⇛ The Xubuntu team is happy to announce the immediate release of Xubuntu 21.10. Xubuntu 21.10, codenamed Impish Indri, is a regular release and will be supported for 9 months, until June 2022. If you need a stable environment with longer support time we recommend that you use Xubuntu 20.04 LTS instead. The final release images are available as torrents and direct downloads from xubuntu.org/download/. As the main server might be busy in the first few days after the release, we recommend using the torrents if possible. Xubuntu Core, our minimal ISO edition, is available to download from unit193.net/ xubuntu/core/ [torrent]. Find out more about Xubuntu Core here. # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ OpenSSH,_Squid,_PostgreSQL_Update_in_Tumbleweed⠀⇛ Three openSUSE Tumbleweed snapshots released this week have brought updates for text editors, browsers, emails clients, database management systems and many other pieces of software. Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, nano, and PostgreSQL were all in the latest 20211012 snapshot. A new major version of Firefox 93.0 added support for the optimised image format AVIF, which offers a significant file size reduction as opposed to other image formats. The browser also improved web compatibility for privacy protections and fixed more than a handful of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures. Thunderbird 91.2.0 addressed many of the same CVEs, fixed some issues with the calendar and fixed the new mail notifications that did not properly take subfolders into account. The 5.9 version of text editor nano added syntax highlighting for YAML files and fetchmail 6.4.22 added a few patches, addressed a CVE related to an IMAP connections and now highlights being compatible with OpenSSL 1.1.1 and 3.0.0. The new major version of postgresql 14 provided improvements for heavy workloads, enhanced distributed workloads and added a couple more predefined roles like pg_read_all_data, pg_write_all_data and pg_database_owner. Other packages to update in the snapshot were GNOME’s document viewer evince 41.2, Flatpak 1.12.1, graphics library gegl 0.4.32, glusterfs 9.3 and many RubyGems and YaST package updates. # ⚓ openSUSE_Tumbleweed_–_Review_of_the_weeks_2021/40_& 41⠀⇛ Dear Tumbleweed users and hackers, Due to my slacking off last Friday, I have to write the review over two weeks again. But that might turn out even better this time, as otherwise, the review might be a bit short (we struggled a bit this week with ‘openQA being slower in testing than OBS with building’). During the last two weeks, we have released a total of 6 snapshots (0929, 1001, 1005, 1008, 1011, and 1012). # § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾ # ⚓ Red_Hat_Announces_Updates_To_Red_Hat_OpenShift_And Red_Hat_Advanced_Cluster_Management_For_Kubernetes⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_bare_metal_cloud_is_powering_the telecommunications_industry⠀⇛ Bare metal clouds are gaining a lot of momentum in the telecommunications industry—but why? What is a bare metal cloud, and what are the benefits of using it? In this post, we answer these questions and more. # § Devuan Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Devuan_4.0_‘Chimaera’_Systemd-Free_Distro_Released⠀⇛ The Devuan community has announced the release of Devuan 4.0 with code name Chimaera, which strives to make GNU/Linux free of systemd. Devuan came into existence in 2014 as a result of Debian shifting to systemd after a long technical and much publicized debate. The move led to several Debian developers coming together to create Devuan by removing all traces of systemd from the Linux distro, instead sticking to the well-known init system, sysvinit. The name Devuan was chosen as a blend word, formed from parts of two others – “Debian” and “VUA“. And if you’re curious what “VUA” means, it’s the shortened form of Veteran Unix Admins. # ⚓ Devuan_GNU/Linux_4.0_Available_to_Download_– itsfoss.net⠀⇛ The latest version of Devuan includes options for running the SysV, runit, and OpenRC init software implementations. “What’s new in Chimaera 4.0? Based on Debian Bullseye (11.1) with Linux kernel 5.10. Your choice of init: sysvinit, runit, and OpenRC. Improved desktop support – virtually all desktop environments available in Debian are now part of Devuan, systemd-free. New boot, display manager and desktop theming. Enhanced accessibility: installation via GUI or console can now be accomplished via software or hardware speech synthesis, or using a refreshable braille display, and Devuan Chimaera has the ability to install desktop environments without PulseAudio, allowing speech synthesis in both console and GUI sessions at the same time.” Further information on the new release can be found in the project’s release announcement. # ⚓ Devuan_4_‘Chimaera’_makes_the_jump_to_Debian_11_(but without_systemd)_–_LinuxStoney⠀⇛ We already have among us Devuan 4.0 Chimaera , the latest version of the Debian Stable fork and reimplementation that stands out for not using systemd and offering the possibility to choose between various inits more akin to the Unix philosophy in the installation process. As you might expect, Devuan 4.0 Chimaera is based on the Debian 11 Bullseye software suite , more specifically from the 11.1 release . This means that the major novelties include, above all, what differentiates it from the operating system that forks, so, for example, the “engine” of the system is still Linux 5.10 LTS . Compared to previous releases of the same system, Devuan 4.0 has improved desktop support . Those responsible have explained that “practically all the desktop environments available in Debian are now part of Devuan, without systemd” . On the other hand, support for GDM and SDDM and new themes for the startup, the graphical session manager and the desktop have been incorporated . # § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Debian_blocks_VPN_and_Tor_users_from_reading_its Wiki._–_BaronHK’s_Rants⠀⇛ I understand that they don’t want VPN and Tor users messing up their Wiki anonymously, where it would be difficult to ban any one vandal, but to block people from even _reading it_ unless they unmask themselves is a bit heavy-handed. On Wikipedia, they block Tor and VPN users from editing, but you can read it all you want, and you can view the page’s source code if you are on a VPN. This is the right thing to do. I’m not sure why Debian is requiring us to de-anonymize ourselves just to read their Wiki. I wish that they would stop doing this. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ ODROID-H2+_SBC_discontinued_due_to_supply_shortage_–_CNX Software⠀⇛ Hardkernel has just discontinued ODROID-H2+ single board computer based on the Intel Celeron J4115 Gemini Lake Refresh processor, which followed ODROID-H2 SBC itself being discontinued shortly after Intel decided to phase out Intel J4105 and other Gemini Lake processors. The reason given is the “uncertain situation of main component supply”, which could mean Celeron J4115 processor is hard to get (or expensive), or the Realtek RTL8125B chipset provides 2.5GbE networking. That means Hardkernel does not offer any x86 SBC at this time. That’s a shame before ODROID-H2+ was a well-supported SBC running Linux or Windows, and great value for money at $119, especially for people interested in the two 2.5 Gbps Ethernet ports found on the board (and upgradeable to six), not to mention support for SO- DIMM memory and M.2 NVMe SSD. # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Issue_#373_–_Robotic_tickles⠀⇛ We thought we’d lead with the weirdest Raspberry Pi-powered thing, purely because we couldn’t resist the bizarre visual. These robotic hands move according to actions taken on social media. And they’re creepy. We like creepy. Another robot from the blog this week can solve your Sudoku in seconds, and a hackathon-winning student project can photograph any object and automatically turn it into an NFT. o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾ # ⚓ Michael Meeks/2021-10-15 Friday⠀⇛ After Italo’s keynote announcement of the new LibreOffice Technology marketing plan at the LibreOffice conference, we lost no time integrating this great way to fairly present the goodness of LibreOffice that we depend on to build Collabora Online & Collabora Office mobile into the product. With new links that can take you to our LibreOffice Technology page where we can celebrate the community & credit all the hard work done under the hood here, and of course the logo. Still a work- in-progress, and will start to appear in our products over the next weeks as/when we refresh them, but so far it looks like this for desktop & mobile [...] up-coming COOL About dialog up-coming COOL About dialog Thanks to Italo & Mike at TDF for developing the concept, and also to Pedro & Elisa, for their work on the code & logos – we’ll be iterating it with them over the next days & weeks. # ⚓ Let’s_do_awesome_things!_Get_support_for_your projects_and_ideas_from_our_budget_–_The_Document Foundation_Blog⠀⇛ Want to organise a local (or online) LibreOffice event? Need some merchandise to boost your project or community? Then we can help you! The Document Foundation, the non- profit behind LibreOffice, is backed by contributions from ecosystem members and volunteers, as well as donations from end- users. This helps us to maintain TDF, but we can do a lot more too. And next year, we want to do a lot of projects again! # ⚓ Next_batch_of_videos_from_the_LibreOffice_Conference 2021_–_The_Document_Foundation_Blog⠀⇛ Here are some more videos from the LibreOffice Conference 2021! Check out the playlist, using the button in the top-right – or scroll down for links to individual videos… # ⚓ Automated_bibisect_to_find_source_of_a_bug_– LibreOffice_Development_Blog⠀⇛ In programming, we usually face bugs that we should fix to maintain or improve our software. In order to fix a bug, first we should find the source of the problem, and there are tools like “Automated bibisect” are available to help, specially when the bug is a regression. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Software_testing_–_a_32-year-old_message⠀⇛ And then, after having tested hundreds of Linux distributions, thousands of applications, every release of Windows since 3.11, and then some, I can definitely say that the slow, steady erosion of professional testing in the software world is noticeable. And by that mean, in those scenarios it actually existed, because in some domains, it’s never been there, and it shows. If anything, the longer I keep my hands on this or that application or program, the more I’m convinced that the new, casual approach to quality is simply not working. There will be a moment of reckoning. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ DearPyGui_1.0.0_user_interface_Toolkit_Released –_itsfoss.net⠀⇛ Published edition Dear PyGui 1.0.0 (the DPG), a cross-platform toolkit for GUI development in Python. The most important feature of the project is the use of multithreading and outsourcing of operations to the GPU to speed up rendering. The key goal of shaping the 1.0.0 release is to stabilize the API. Compatibility-breaking changes will now be proposed in a separate “experimental” module. To ensure high performance, the bulk of the DearPyGui code is written in C ++ using the Dear ImGui library , designed for creating graphical applications in C ++ and offering a fundamentally different operating model. The Dear PyGui source code is licensed under the MIT license. Declared support for Linux, Windows 10 and macOS platforms. # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾ # ⚓ What_Happens_When_You_Run_a_Command_in_Linux?⠀⇛ Most Linux users are often unaware of the internal working of the operating system. You might be running Linux commands on the shell for a long time, but have you ever wondered what’s happening behind the scenes when you hit Enter? By the end, you’ll have a brief understanding of how the shell processes the typed command in Linux. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Health/Nutrition⠀➾ # ⚓ Former_Democratic_Senators_Lobbying_Against_Medicare_Drug Price_Negotiations⠀⇛ IN 2004, then-Sen. Blanche Lincoln, D-Ark., cast herself as a conservative, commonsense Democrat focused on finding savings, such as moving to allow Medicare to use its size and scale to collectively negotiate lower drug prices. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Chrome_OS_94_Released_–_itsfoss.net⠀⇛ The release of the operating system Chrome OS 94 has been published , based on the Linux kernel, the upstart system manager, the ebuild / portage build toolkit, open components and the Chrome 94 web browser . The user environment of Chrome OS is limited to a web browser, and instead of standard programs, web applications are used, however, Chrome OS includes a full-fledged multi- window interface, desktop and taskbar. Chrome OS 94 is available for most current Chromebooks. Enthusiasts have formed unofficial assemblies for ordinary computers with x86, x86_64 and ARM processors. Source texts are distributed under the free Apache 2.0 license. # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Security_updates_for_Friday⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (squashfs-tools, tomcat9, and wordpress), Fedora (openssh), openSUSE (kernel, mbedtls, and rpm), Oracle (httpd, kernel, and kernel-container), SUSE (firefox, kernel, and rpm), and Ubuntu (linux-azure, linux-azure-5.4). # ⚓ This_Week_In_Security:_The_Apache_Fix_Miss, Github_(Malicious)_Actions,_And_Shooting_The Messenger_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ Apache 2.4.50 included a fix for CVE- 2021-41773. It has since been discovered that this fix was incomplete, and this version is vulnerable to a permutation of the same vulnerability. 2.4.51 is now available, and should properly fix the vulnerability. The original exploit used .%2e/ as the magic payload, which is using URL encoding to sneak the extra dot symbol through as part of the path. The new workaround uses .%%32%65/. This looks a bit weird, but makes sense when you decode it. URL encoding uses UTF-8, and so %32 decodes to 2, and %65 to e. Familiar? Yep, it’s just the original vulnerability with a second layer of URL encoding. This has the same requirements as the first iteration, cgi-bin has to be enabled for code execution, and require all denied has to be disabled in the configuration files. # ⚓ Apache_Releases_Security_Advisory_for_Tomcat   |_CISA⠀⇛ The Apache Software Foundation has released a security advisory to address a vulnerability in multiple versions of Tomcat. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial of service condition. # ⚓ Security_Risks_of_Client-Side_Scanning⠀⇛ Even before Apple made their announcement, law enforcement shifted their battle for back doors to client- side scanning. The idea is that they wouldn’t touch the cryptography, but instead eavesdrop on communications and systems before encryption or after decryption. It’s not a cryptographic back door, but it still a back door — and brings with it all the insecurities of a back door. I’m part of a group of cryptographers that has just published a paper discussing the security risks of such a system. (It’s substantially the same group that wrote a similar paper about key escrow in 1997, and other “exceptional access” proposals in 2015. We seem to have to do this every decade or so.) In our paper, we examine both the efficacy of such a system and its potential security failures, and conclude that it’s a really bad idea. # ⚓ The_Open_Source_Security_Foundation_receives_$ 10_million_in_funding_–_itsfoss.net⠀⇛ The Linux Foundation has announced a $ 10 million commitment to the OpenSSF (Open Source Security Foundation), an effort to improve the security of open source software. Funds raised through royalties from parent companies of OpenSSF, including Amazon, Cisco, Dell Technologies, Ericsson, Facebook, Fidelity, GitHub, Google, IBM, Intel, JPMorgan Chase, Microsoft, Morgan Stanley, Oracle, Red Hat, Snyk, and VMware … # ⚓ KubeCon_+_CloudNativeCon_Highlights_Security for_Open_Source⠀⇛ Vulnerabilities in the life cycle of open-source software development can start from tiny crumbs but grow into substantial issues. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Facebook_Should_Clarify_Terms_of_Service, Irish_Privacy_Regulator_Says⠀⇛ A draft ruling from Ireland’s privacy regulator would require Facebook Inc. to change how it informs users about its data processing but disregards complaints that the social-media giant needs to obtain direct consent for its activities. If the decision is finalized, Facebook would also face a fine of between €28 million and €36 million (equivalent to $32.4 million to $41.7 million) for failing to be transparent with users. The case stems from a 2018 complaint filed by Austrian privacy lawyer Max Schrems, whose nonprofit organization NOYB published the draft decision on Wednesday. The Irish Data Protection Commission hasn’t made the decision public. A spokesman for the Irish regulator declined to comment because the investigation is still open, and said the office shared the document with regulators from the 26 other European Union countries last week. These regulators have one month to respond and could raise objections. The Irish Data Protection Commission will then issue a final decision, and other European watchdogs could still object at that stage. # ⚓ AI_fake-face_generators_can_be_rewound_to reveal_the_real_faces_they_trained_on⠀⇛ Load up the website This Person Does Not Exist and it’ll show you a human face, near-perfect in its realism yet totally fake. Refresh and the neural network behind the site will generate another, and another, and another. The endless sequence of AI-crafted faces is produced by a generative adversarial network (GAN)—a type of AI that learns to produce realistic but fake examples of the data it is trained on. But such generated faces—which are starting to be used in CGI movies and ads—might not be as unique as they seem. In a paper titled This Person (Probably) Exists, researchers show that many faces produced by GANs bear a striking resemblance to actual people who appear in the training data. The fake faces can effectively unmask the real faces the GAN was trained on, making it possible to expose the identity of those individuals. The work is the latest in a string of studies that call into doubt the popular idea that neural networks are “black boxes” that reveal nothing about what goes on inside. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Governments_are_finding_new_ways_to_squash_free_expression online⠀⇛ On october 8th two journalists, Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov, won the Nobel peace prize for their “efforts to safeguard freedom of expression”. The Kremlin congratulated Mr Muratov for being “brave”, which he is. Six of his colleagues at Novaya Gazeta, the Russian newspaper he founded in 1993, have been murdered. [...] The Nobel award recognises a sad truth. Globally, freedom of expression is in retreat. The bluntest methods of silencing dissent are widely wielded: autocrats and criminal gangs often use the sword against the pen (or bullets against bloggers). Many governments also lock people up for peacefully expressing their views. But these old-fashioned forms of repression are increasingly reinforced with or replaced by newer techniques. Freedom House, a think-tank, reports that in the past year efforts to control speech online escalated in 30 of the 70 countries it monitors, and receded only in 18 (see map). Many autocrats and would-be autocrats look with envy at China, where the Communist Party has overseen the construction of a walled-off information sphere, within which criticism of those in power can barely be seen or heard. None can copy it exactly, but many are deploying digital tools to curate the information that reaches their citizens. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Google_is_breaking_the_web_to_rebuild_it_in_their_own image._–_Invidious⠀⇛ # ⚓ Basics_Of_Remote_Cellular_Access:_Watchdogs_|_Hackaday⠀⇛ When talking about remote machines, sometimes we mean really remote, beyond the realms of wired networks that can deliver the Internet. In these cases, remote cellular access is often the way to go. Thus far, we’ve explored the hardware and software sides required to control a machine remotely over a cellular connection. However, things can and do go wrong. When that remote machine goes offline, getting someone on location to reboot it can be prohibitively difficult and expensive. For these situations, what you want is some way to kick things back into gear, ideally automatically. What you’re looking for is a watchdog timer! ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 7939 ➮ Generation completed at 02:41, i.e. 79 seconds to (re)generate ⟲