𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Saturday, March 05, 2022 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Sun 6 Mar 02:41:18 GMT 2022 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmZRqBo3ysfz1YXExEqVuEuy5xb4ME8cK3jBDpd8wGSwwX QmT6UzkVGBqiGJqW9tNXHnJ2F7GjgkFTQ1tvxxFeYF4VH3 QmfSu9XMsGzj9YkPDP79UmwB6R9G9p3HQjsSCvUovR8y4o QmeC7QgpY53w9VR36JGVyYSzhMZkHLkGiYWgd57Dskr9pH QmZHDDpdkiKdpvVjLb94b8X2LhPVMcNQweiDqukj1DyKVT QmPgCJca3XFthf3S9xSXFzx2JdpEDjUZ3HPfAnGbLWi5kr QmXBF3kDxFdmKcnVa7vYpbU6MyXrd1r3Y1NNrKZ3hrTTFa QmbGvonNbAJzqBpoefSxdJSBAiUubKnrKDWzMQhqE8sKy9 QmNyjuGQ9G6aZFzvjbDENKmySNxf1JG2psBTi252HdEGHE QmdSS5zduBpaVEqHBiz53YJo7JbLv9XgUWbU3sJWZqfSG8 QmcEFBoREHvxtA22UaNuV5Mx1EPRF8ANqTeNuB9Sx6DA3x QmV9oFmNWDMaAuL1QNuyBGhpy9H8TqW8N8q4jqiKvJET2U QmR9imX83RDB4ivhdNUQMapcgk6SnnNyJnM4q43hj4rq3v QmX3rMb63HxLvj9FqPyymwV4TDWUAY1bdbtXfufZPb287E QmUWSqFs7G64P11sRgFghydAWm5vaGowUWhjb5bQ6WVLjv QmeVoLY6Zx3HEzqi2Ycfzv79DNidwPTPBUM7zgf846qztA QmcRCrUwjMkvCTjxN4RTXVgnt8vzjyT5Cf4ktnEzhysN1Z QmWigayprvGPhmqrB8DCEjNTBh2aibrVVhgyYkneAYcRUi QmX39Uj3zNHXvo6UXgn8MUmiP1s2P2jWstyvLEP12ScWQd QmeoPNJBdBB1zPmJmSvBG32dJf6VC4BkQZF2nzHHVVuvf5 QmT75DVXXmrHYM7c6YzAZqzfx7muo7EEYUX6fN1WwBf9Nb ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Alphabet/Gulag is Closing Down (Tightening the Screws in the Name of ’Security’) | Techrights ⦿ Bill, Melinda, Jeffrey Epstein, and Microsoft: An Investigation is Well Overdue | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] When They Want Examiners to Follow Orders, Violate the EPC | Techrights ⦿ Geminispace Grew 10% in Just 5.5 Weeks | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Friday, March 04, 2022 | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Dodgy and Unsafe Software | Techrights ⦿ ”Miguel de Icaza may be gone, but the walls and bars of proprietary software he helped create remain, for now. Dismantling them is up to us.“ | Techrights ⦿ Quitting Social Control Media: The Day After | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] EPO Examiners, Keep on Fighting (They Can’t Fire Y’all) | Techrights ⦿ Google Built an Empire - Mostly a Proprietary Empire - on Top of Free Software, But Now It Helps Spread FUD Against Such Software While Mishandling the Web | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/alphabetgulag-is-closing-down-tightening-the-screws-in-the-name-of-security/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/bill-gates-investigation/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/epo-and-following-orders/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/gemini-2200/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/irc-log-040322/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/meme-dodgy-and-unsafe-software/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/miguel-quits-or-pushed-out/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/no-more-spying-for-free/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/obey-the-law/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/video-reviewing-google-news/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/gnu-health-hmis-4-0/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/plan-9-liberated/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/xscreensaver-6-03/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 76 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/alphabetgulag-is-closing-down-tightening-the-screws-in-the-name-of-security/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/alphabetgulag-is-closing-down-tightening-the-screws-in-the-name-of-security/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Alphabet/Gulag_is_Closing_Down_(Tightening_the_Screws_in_the_Name_of ‘Security’)⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Google, Security, Standard at 5:19 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 822522f8c3b98654d0c836a81cfa2817 Free Software Users and App-Minded Gulag Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/locking-down-gulag-disservices.webm Summary: Gulag (or Google) does not care about the Internet; it just wants to extend and control it, but it frames that as a matter of “security” THE video above is about the company “Alphabet” (calling Gulag “Alphabet” is like calling Facebook “Meta”, which is mostly a form of distraction from distasteful activities, just like GitHub pretends not to be Microsoft). Alphabet as a name came up and was advertised around the time many scandals had piled up. We’re meant to be thinking YouTube, for example, has nothing to do with Gulag (even though the login is the same!) and this thing called Alphabet is looking over everything. Don’t fall for it! “We hope that one day the Web will be less than 10% of all Internet traffic and Gemini, which is bandwidth-conserving, will reach 1%.”“Less_secure_apps” is what Gulag now calls traditional software, not so-called “apps” — a misnomer that typically means proprietary software that spies heavily on the users. The page speaks of “your [sic] Google Account”, which will change at the end of May. Why the change? They pretend to value security, but given how they treat users’ privacy and given the back doors (there’s some history there; see the video) only a gullible reader would fall for it. Thankfully, some alternatives are emerging and rising fast. Gemini, for instance, needs only 2 more capsules (visible to Lupa) to reach 2,200. To quote: “There are 2198 capsules. We successfully connected recently to 1777 of them.” We hope that one day the Web will be less than 10% of all Internet traffic and Gemini, which is bandwidth-conserving, will reach 1%. If not Gemini, then something similar to it, which scales fine on residential connections and can thus be self-hosted from people’s homes. A few days ago a longtime GMail used [sic] told us that “Google [is] effectively pulling the plug on Thunderbird,” but Mozilla says nothing about it. Thunderbird is how millions of people access GMail, so that’s a pretty big deal and Mozilla ought to be concerned. I told this used [sic] that I “saw that [news] and do not expect even the so-called ‘media’ to cover it or for Gulag Noise (Google News) to pick up a story about it…” (for reasons explained in this_previous_video) “GMail is not E-mail but an attack on E-mail as a protocol and an attack on the distributed/decentralised nature of E-mail.”With a little effort one can find that about 7 years ago Madame Baker, not yet as CEO of Mozilla, wanted to kill Thunderbird, wrongly arguing that people were moving to “GMail” anyway (yes, she mentioned GMail specifically). At the time, she was already being paid a lot by Gulag (mostly the deal with placements for the address bar and search bar in Firefox). “Maybe she will move sideways over to Alphabet officially,” the used [sic] said (he had already move away from GMail, albeit not completely). “Like de Icaza has been…” “An additional point is that aside from helping them complete the coup,” the used [sic] concluded, “she may have little to no value.” Mozilla has itself become a data collection company; being_subsidised_by_Gulag and_run_by_former_Facebook_managers_won't_help. We expect the war on E-mail to progress. GMail is not E-mail but an attack on E-mail as a protocol and an attack on the distributed/decentralised nature of E-mail. Microsoft too contributes towards this agenda and it's_in_Mozilla's_Board. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 172 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/bill-gates-investigation/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/bill-gates-investigation/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Bill,_Melinda,_Jeffrey_Epstein,_and_Microsoft:_An_Investigation_is_Well Overdue⠀✐ Posted in Bill_Gates, Microsoft at 7:46 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum c6674bdc07c352a6f8003f711b394c19 Way Past Time to Investigate Bill Gates Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/melinda-speaks-out.webm Summary: While the_media got all busy rebranding_Mr._Gates_as_“Mr._Coronavirus” or_the_genius_trying_to_save_the_whole_planet the real story (a scandal) about the Gates family had been buried; it merits not only media attention but also government action THE press reports make it very clear that Microsoft knew all along what Bill Gates had done but chose to do nothing about it until the media found out, making the Gates family too much of a risk or a liability. The media makes it crystal clear that officials of the Gates_Foundation were also well aware. They cannot_pretend_that_what’s_happening_is_shocking_news_to_them. Some people study these matters quite_closely. As we noted last night, Melinda_Gates_Has_Just_Confirmed_What_We_Knew_All_Along About_Jeffrey_Epstein_and_Bill_Gates (it’s nice to be repeatedly vindicated), but Melinda was there too with Jeffrey Epstein, albeit not every time, as noted in past years [1, 2]. A Federal investigation into this is years overdue and very much needed. The video above adds some more thoughts on this uncomfortable subject. Gates_spokespeople kept lying. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Gates-Epstein house⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Sun and Gates⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Bill Gates, Jeffrey Epstein⦈ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠽⠭⢭⠭⠭⠯⠯⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠽⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠭⠭⠭⠭⠿⠿⠯⠿⠿⠭⠽⠭⠭⠭⠭⢽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⢋⡋⢀⣈ ⣿⠀⣀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣻⣟⣯⣩⣍⣍⣩⣉⣍⣩⣉⣍⣭⣩⣭⣭⣭⣩⣍⣽⣩⣏⣭⣩⣏⣽⣉⣍⣩⣉⣍⣩⣉⣍⣭⣩⣍⣍⣩⣉⢍⠩⡩⣝⣿⣻⣛⣗⣲⣒⣖⣒⢒⡒⣒⢒⠂⠀⠈ ⣾⠀⣿⠀⠟⠛⢿⣿⠿⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣻⠛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠛⠃⠀⠐ ⣾⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⡀⣿⣤⡈⣥⣴⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣆⣠⠀ ⣿⠀⠀⠸⣿⢟⠅⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣟⣿⣞⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢻⣶⠰⢰⠲⢰⣾⠣⣿⣿⣿⡷⢳⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⣟⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣽⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣝⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⠁⠐ ⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠤⠾⣿⠞⣿⣿⠋⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⢶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣷⣿⣷⠷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣳⣶⡶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣷⠶⠶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣟⣶⠤⠴ ⢺⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠒⢒⣶⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⢛⠛⠛⠛⣛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣥⣴ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⢶⣿⣿⡟⢣⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⣀⣄⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣉⣩⣁⣀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣾⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⢿⠛⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⢳⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠍⢛⣯⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠷⠿⢿⡛⡃⠴⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠇⠀⠈⠇⠀⠸⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⣝⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⡉⡿ ⣿⣺⣶⡻⡳⣟⣟⣿⠟⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡷⡃⣿⣿⡛⠃⠈⡈⠁⡀⠇⣿⣿⣿⢯⠀⢀⠀⠀⢦⠀⠀⣯⣄⠠⢿⡿⠿⠿⠯⠮⠙⠿⠹⠿⠿⠯⠿⠟⠟⠿⣿⠟⠁⠀ ⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠾⠾⠷⢦⣲⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣲⣶⣶⠆⡈⠀⠀⠒⠀⠉⠀⠀⠤⠀⠺⠇⠉⠉⠁⠈⠄⠴⠦⠤⠬⠤⠤⠬⠤⠀⠀⠑⢰⣶⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠂⠠⢐⠀⠈⠀⠀ ⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⣛⡒⠓⠚⠒⠒⠒⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣚⣒⣒⣒⣒⣓⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⡶⠶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⢹⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠋⠁⠈⣉⣏⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣀⣢⠖⢀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⠀ ⣽⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⣿⠀⣶⣶⣶⡧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣷⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⡫⠘⠻⣿⣿⠉⢃⠟⢁⡀⡿⠼⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡬⠇⠀⠀⢻⣿⠀ ⢹⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⡿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠸⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠋⠙⢛⣋⣀⢦⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣧⠘⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢁⡂⠄⠀⠀⢻⠂ ⢸⠀⢸⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡇⠀⠀⢠⡏⠁⢹⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⣤⠀⣌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⢄⠠⢶⣿⣯⢹⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣆⢹⠿⠿⠛⢋⡉⢀⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀ ⢸⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣧⣦⣮⡏⠀⡇⠀⠂⠈⠁⠂⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠈⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣭⡵⢿⢿⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣷⣂⣼⣿⣿⣶⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢻⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠃⠀⡇⠈⠂⢀⠀⠠⢹⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣭⣭⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠉⠃⣿⣿⣿⠈⠛⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⣋⣩⡼⠿⣯⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡟⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢸⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠈⢡⡀⣨⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣶⣺⡷⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣸⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣱⣤⣀⡀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣸⣶⣦⡀⣌⢙⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠁⠙⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣩⣿⠁⢻⣿⡟⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢸⡋⠀⢀⢄⣴⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡧⢺⠀⠀⡠⠏⠀⠀⢰⠃⠀⣼⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⡇⠈⠙⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠤⠤⠤⠽⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠤⠽⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠸⠿⠶⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠾⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠯⠤⠤⠿⡥⠤⠤⠤⠤⠼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠾⣯⣍⡀⣤⢈⣥⣤⠤⣤⠀⢸⣿⣿⡟⠻⡛⠛⠛⠛⣿⡟⣿⡟⠻⠻⢻⢻⣟⠛⢻⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⡻⢻⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠟⠻⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⢛⢛⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛ ⠀⠀⠒⠒⠛⠙⠛⠚⠃⠛⠐⠛⠀⢸⣿⣿⣶⣶⣴⣤⣤⣾⣿⣷⣿⣧⣾⣤⣶⣾⣧⣦⣽⣴⣴⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣧⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣦⣶⣦⣶⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣴⣤⣴⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣸⣠⣅⣸⣊⣝⣀⣾⣇⣃⣰⣀⣀⣮⣀⣇⣆⣀⣸⣒⣠⣅⣀⣺⣗⣸⣃⣐⣷⣂⣺⣇⣸⣗⣀⣃⣐⣅⣕⣗⣰⣺⣷⣐⣇⣿⣀⣀⣸⣀⣇⣬⣂⣇⣤⣀⣀⣀⣎⣂⣁⣹⣠⣂⣰⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⡛⡛⢛⡛⢛⡛⠛⢟⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⣌⣗⡀⣢⣀⣧⣀⣄⣥⣰⣅⣀⣆⣇⣔⣄⣾⣐⣤⣼⣇⣪⣀⣔⣀⣂⣷⣢⣢⣀⣺⣇⣆⣆⣀⣆⣐⣀⣄⣆⣠⣢⣺⣟⣤⣳⣠⣸⣇⣀⣀⣓⣨⣔⣄⣾⣇⣂⣺⣇⣸⣗⣄⣳⣨⣷⣠⣐⣰⣸⣇⣀⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⡟⠛⢛⡻⠛⣟⠛⢻⣿⠛⢛⠙⢋⡏⢛⡟⣛⠋⡟⠙⢻⡏⠛⢛⢹⠛⠛⠛⢛⢛⣿⠟⢛⢹⣙⡛⢛⢟⡏⣹⠛⡛⣹⠛⠛⡛⡟⢻⢛⢻⢹⢉⠉⠉⡟⠛⡟⠛⣿⡹⡙⢛⠉⢛⢻⠙⢻⡯⡹⠛⢹⠛⡛⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡗⡾⡶⢾⢾⢶⢿⠒⣶⣿⢺⢾⡶⡾⡶⢶⣿⣾⣶⣿⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣾⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣬⣷⣧⣷⣼⣤⣤⣀⣿⣤⣼⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⡭⡟⠹⡍⠩⡿⠁⠫⢸⠨⠋⢹⣯⠉⢽⠩⠉⠩⣿⠩⢈⠏⠋⢽⠑⠋⢩⠝⢙⢹⡇⡹⠙⠹⡇⢩⣿⠩⢉⠋⣻⠩⠋⠋⠉⢽⠉⠩⢩⠍⢩⠋⢹⡝⣹⠩⡋⠉⡝⠈⠙⠅⡇⡽⠉⡙⡟⡍⠩⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⢿⢿⠻⠿⠟⠿⡿⠿⠟⠿⠻⢿⣿⠿⠻⠖⢶⡶⠖⢶⢾⡿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⣿⡿⠟⠾⠻⡿⠿⡿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠻⠷⠾⡷⡟⢿⠿⢿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⠟⠶⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣇⣵⣤⣼⣤⣥⣿⣤⣼⣿⣴⣴⣤⣼⣥⣬⣧⣦⣤⣧⣄⣽⣧⣦⣤⣥⣿⣧⣥⣶⣴⣇⣵⣤⣼⣴⣤⣾⣯⣽⣧⣤⣬⣼⣮⣤⣥⣁⣿⣼⣯⣼⣤⣔⣸⣧⣯⣤⣤⣦⣾⣼⣧⣤⣯⣿⣤⣤⣦⣬⣧⣦⣬⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⢰⢨⡋⠉⣹⡝⢉⠉⢩⠉⣿⠍⠩⡃⠅⣽⡏⠁⢽⡭⢨⡋⢹⠉⡏⣽⡍⠹⠋⠁⡇⠴⠅⡩⠉⢹⡷⢈⢩⠉⣝⠉⠩⣯⠋⡁⣽⡫⢏⢹⡏⡍⡉⣭⢍⠉⠙⡇⢝⡆⢘⠍⢩⠋⠁⢩⠉⠉⣯⡌⡭⠉⡍⢹⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠷⡿⠿⠟⡟⠟⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠟⠿⣿⠻⠿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⢻⠷⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⡿⢻⠿⠛⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠻⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⡟⠿⣿⠻⠻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣼⣷⣵⣤⣿⣤⣥⣧⣥⣿⣤⣷⣤⣯⣤⣧⣤⣿⣬⣥⣷⣭⣤⣼⣤⣦⣼⣬⣬⣏⣴⣼⣼⣧⣦⣿⣷⣤⣼⣯⣼⣮⣤⣤⣬⣬⣥⣦⣾⣤⣮⣴⣦⣼⣼⣮⣦⣤⣿⣤⣴⣧⣮⣤⣧⣼⣿⣬⣼⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⡙⡩⡉⡅⠉⡍⣿⢍⣥⣯⢍⢉⢽⡍⢩⢉⢽⡩⣉⠍⢉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡟⠛⢻⡿⠛⣿⡟⠛⡟⠛⢻⡟⠛⢻⣿⠛⠛⢻⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⣿⠛⠛⣿⡟⠛⡟⠛⢻⡿⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⠛⠛⣟⠛⢻⠛ ⣷⠀⠈⡇⠀⢸⠁⠀⡇⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠈⣧⣤⠀⠀⣤⣼⣿⠀⠀⣤⣤⡇⠀⢠⠀⠀⡏⠀⢠⡄⠀⢡⣤⠀⠀⣤⡄⠀⢠⣤⣼⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⢻⡇⠀⣧⠀⣸⠀⠀⣤⠀⠈⣿⣿⠀⠀⡄⠀⢸⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⣤ ⣿⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⢠⡇⠀⠸⠇⠀⢸⡟⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠿⢿⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⣧⠀⠈⢷⣶⣾⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠸⠿⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠈⡇⠀⣿⣾⣿⡄⠀⠹⣶⣶⣿⣿⠀⠀⠇⠀⢸⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢀⡀⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀⢹⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣀⣸⡇⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣧⡀⠀⠹⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢀⣀⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⢠⠀⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡀⠀⢻⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣇⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⣾⡇⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⠃⠀⠁⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⡏⠉⣿⡄⠀⢹⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⡄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠉⢹⣧⠀⠈⣿⣿⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⡿⠀⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⠀⢠⣶⠀⠈⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣇⠀⠈⠀⢀⣾⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⣷⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠁⠀⣰⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣄⠀⠁⠀⣸⣿ ⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡷⠾⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⠿⣿ ⡇⠀⠸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⢸⢰⠈⠇⢘⠀⡇⢾⠰⠑⠁⡇⠕⢹⠱⠁⢸⠱⠍⠊⢸⠀⡇⠈⠀⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡋⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣟⡛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⠿⣿⠻⠿⢿⠛⢻⠿⡿⠟⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣢⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣏⣥⠀⡴⢡⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣐⣈⣸⣘⣊⣿⣘⣘⣸⣀⣎⣁⣇⣇⣖⣹⣖⣁⣒⣃⣸⣇⣸⣐⣆⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣽⣾⣷⡶⡶⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣟⠟⠀⠁⡛⠻⡿⠂⠀⠀ ⣿⡏⠉⢹⣿⣿⣛⣟⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣟⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠃⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⠀⣰⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢏⠀⢠⣶⣶⠁⠠⠀⠀ ⣿⠀⠀⠈⣿⣯⣯⣽⣯⣯⣽⣿⣏⣯⣿⣽⣽⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠁⠁⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⡅⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠘⡀⣛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠀⠀⠀⢿⢿⣾⣿⢷⡷⣶⣷⣾⢿⣿⡷⡶⣾⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⠷⠾⣿⠷⢿⢿⣿⡇⠀⢄⠆⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⡸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⢟⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⢟⠀⠀⠙⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀ ⣇⣀⣦⣀⣸⣻⣟⣟⣿⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⠄⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⣿⣿⡷⠚⠀⣇⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢹⣮⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠀⠀⠀⠐⣄⡀⠀⠀ ⣿⣯⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣏⣿⣽⣽⣽⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⣽⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⡀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠷⠇⠀ ⣿⣿⢿⡶⣿⢷⡿⣿⡷⣿⣿⢿⣿⣾⣾⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣟⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠂⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⣶⡷⣾⣿⢶⡷⣿⢷⣿⡾⡿⡿⢿⣷⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⡶⢾⢿⡿⣶⣷⣷⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠿⢿⢿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠧⠤⠤⢴⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠐⢈⠘⡀⡝⢀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣬⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣯⣭⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠯⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⡇⢠⠠⠀⠀⢠⢠⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⠃⠀⠙⡄⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣇⣿⣦⣮⣤⣤⣡⣾⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣷⢿⢿⡧⣿⣿⢾⢿⡿⣾⡿⣿⣷⣾⣿⠟⠗⠛⠋⠤⠀⠀⠠⠀⠐⠀⢉⢁⠀⠀⠉⠁⣀⣶⢸⠐⠒⠀⠂⡜⢰⠀⠀⠀⠙⣅⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣻⣟⣟⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡗⢲⣯⣗⣷⣬⡇⢀⣤⣟⣶⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣨⣭⡭⣭⠭⠭⠭⠤⠤⠤⠤⠬⠼⠧⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣻⣿⢻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⠀⠀⣉⠉⢛⣋⠓⢚⣛⠛⢛⣋⣉⣋⣉⣙⣙⡋⡉⣉⣉⢉⡉⣉⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣿⣯⣯⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣯⣿⣿ ⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⢾⣿⡿⡷⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢾⣾⣿⠀⠙⢿⠀⠀⠙⠒⠘⢿⠛⠻⢿⠿⢹⠿⣿⠯⠇⣿⡿⠽⠸⣿⡿⠉⢶⡧⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⡷⣿⣿⣿⢷⡿⣿⣿⢷⣿⡿⢿⣷⣿⢾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣿⠀⢠⡦⠀⠀⠀⢀⠲⠀⢀⢰⣾⡶⠒⢲⣯⡖⠢⣾⣅⠀⢀⣿⣕⠀⢰⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣏⣯⣽⣯⣽⣽⣿⣽⣿⣯⣭⣯⣿⣿ ⣿⢿⠼⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠛⣀⣀⣀⣛⣈⡁⢸⠛⠛⠓⠻⣃⣁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⠤⠤⠤⢠⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢯⣿⣷⣿⣿⡾⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣻⣻⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣟⢿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡿⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⣆⣿⠀⢸⣦⣿⡂⠈⡃⢰⠈⣀⡀⢒⡂⠑⠂⡂⠐⡂⢐⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⢀⡠⡛⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠒⠒⡣⠄⠀⠁⠀⠠⠌⠅⠄⠥⠤⠠⠠⠄⠠⠭⠙⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿ ⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠂⠀⠒⠒⠘⠂⠂⠚⠀⣿⡿⣷⡿⣿⢿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⣷⣾⣾⣾⣿⣷⣶⣼⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣟⣛⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣟⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣫⣟⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣝⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 315 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/epo-and-following-orders/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/epo-and-following-orders/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_When_They_Want_Examiners_to_Follow_Orders,_Violate_the_EPC⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Patents at 6:31 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇EPO Examiner; Line manager⦈ One level up there’s “the boss”, António_Campinos: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇EPO panzer⦈ Summary: Like in every battle, including the battle against a ‘Mafia’ which took over the EPO, there’s immense pressure to follow illegal guidelines and break the law ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠛⢸⣿⢻⣧⣸⡟⣿⡆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠛⢸⣿⠾⠋⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⠿⠶⠸⠿⢀⣇⠹⠷⠿⢃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⣉⣉⢉⣉⢉⡙⠛⣉⣁⠒⣀⣀⢂⣉⡉⣉⡀⢀⡙⢋⡙⣉⣉⡉⣉⣉⣙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⣿⣉⠈⣿⣾⡇⢸⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣼⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⣷⣸⡇⣿⣏⡁⣿⣏⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⣿⠋⢀⣿⢿⡇⢸⣧⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⢸⡿⣿⡇⣿⡏⠁⣿⡏⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣄⠛⠛⠛⢛⣘⠛⠛⢃⡘⠃⠛⣃⣛⡘⢃⡛⢃⡘⣃⡛⢃⡛⠛⢃⡛⢃⡛⣃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⠃⣼⣇⠸⣿⣿⠇⣼⣿⡀⠄⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢰⡦⠘⣯⣿⢀⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⠃⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⠆⠙⢸⡿⣧⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⡆⣿⣷⣿⡇⣾⣿⡇⢰⣿⢹⣧⢸⣿⠛⢸⡷⣶⡌⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⢀⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⢺⣿⡀⢻⡇⢸⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡰⠿⠶⠸⠿⠸⡇⢿⡇⣾⣧⡄⠃⢸⡇⣿⢻⣿⣸⡷⣿⡇⣿⢻⣿⢡⣿⣼⣧⢸⡟⢶⡆⣼⡿⠆⣾⡷⣿⡁⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠘⠛⠛⠃⠈⠁⠀⣀⣀⣤⠀⠀⢰⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⠸⠁⠻⠿⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣴⣷⣬⣥⣭⣬⣭⣉⣡⣉⣁⣛⣈⣛⡘⠛⠘⠻⠘⠷⠻⠇⠿⠷⠆⠿⡇⣿⠇⣿⣿ ⣿⣁⣾⣿⣿⣶⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠰⠇⠀⠀⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣦⣄⣀⣀⣶⣿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢻⠗⣿⣞⣻⡿⣟⣫⡛⣏⠿⠋⠀⡽⣿⣾⡮ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⢿⣿⢧⣿⣿⡿⣤⣼⡾⠉⡻⠅⢈⡀⠈⢟⣩⠄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⣯⣈⢻⡲⣷⣬⣶⡿⣿⡭⡎⣎⣬⣓⢶⣈⠡⣦⢳⢗⠎⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣻⣧⣎⠄⠀⠺⠉⠒⠋⣥⣵⣿⣿⡆⠈⢗⢠⣟⠇⠰⡍⣾⡎⠧⣃⡀⠈⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢠⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠎⣻⢲⠀⠠⠀⠀⢐⣫⢹⣻⣟⡅⠀⠁⢠⢀⠀⠀⢈⡈⡉⣊⢉⡉⠀⢀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⡿⣿⠇⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠈⠉⠁⠐⢢⣿⢻⠊⣷⣗⡑⣀⢸⠾⡞⢧⠏⠈⣕⣖⠫⣗⠀⠠⣽⡶⠏⠘⠀⠀⢀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠽⠾⠛⡗⡆⠈⠉⡉⠉⡙⠀⠀⠀⢀⢈⣻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⡞⠚⢡⢠⡉⠩⠻⠟⠘⠃⠀⠄⣽⡕⢷⡿⡈⠹⢉⣈⡀⠀⠈⡄⠂ ⣨⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣀⡼⠁⠛⠟⠇⠘⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣧⣧⣼⣿⣯⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣠⣄⣀⣀⣦⣤⣷⣟⣲⣫⠀⠈⠀⣘⡷⠓⠃⠁⠀⠀⡇⠉⠤⠀⠀⣀ ⠉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠁⠸⢟⣻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢁⢻⡏⠀⠀⠀⢹⣍⠓⠚⡊⠻⠅⢘⣉⠂⠀⠈ ⠖⠀⢼⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠉⠉⠛⠋⠛⠟⠻⠻⠏⢿⣿⣿⣷⣜⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡚⣿⡑⣤⠀⡀⣯⡆⠀⠒⠀⠇⡆⠀⠀⠀⠠ ⢤⣤⣾⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⠛⠩⠉⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠉⠀⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠋⠋⠉⠉⣧⡿⠟⠁⢀⣴⢌⣰⠚⠥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠊⠠⠛⢲⠛⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡭⣿⣧⡍⢻⢙⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣩⠁⠘⠙⠛⡛⠀⢂⡔⠃⠀⢠⠂⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠀⠌⠻⡿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣽⢬⡭⣽⣟⡯⢬⣇⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣪⣐⣀⣀⣌⣀⣤⣒⡀⠠⣲⡤⡳⠄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡂⣀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣴⣾⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣀⣠⣴⣶⣖⣰⣶⣦⣤⣤⡴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠆⠨ ⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣾⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣽⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⢿⣿⡹⣿⡇⠀⢠ ⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡟⢹⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⡿⠿⠿⠇⢫⡿⡿⠼⠟⠟⠚⢛⠛⠛⠛⠂⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢳⠡⣽⣿⡿⣟⣽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⡏⣩⣾⣿⢿⡿⠗⢰⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣾⣿⡟⡛⠉⠩⠍⢟⣿⠀⠈⢡⠀⠀⢸⣿⡆⠀⠐⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣜⡄⣿⡋⣨⣿⡟⢼⣿⣿⣿⡋⠉⠉⠉⠹⠏⠛⠉⠙⠻⠋⣴⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣏⢻⠿⠿⠋⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣽⣿⣟⠅⠂⠀⣀⣼⡞⠛⠀⢸⢸⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀ ⠄⠀⣀⡆⠀⣀⣀⣀⠁⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠑⠿⠿⠷⠶⠾⠿⣿⣿⡧⠬⠾⠾⠷⠶⠶⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣶⣟⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⡇⣿⣿⣭⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⠀⠸⡟⠀⠀⠉⠈⠀⠀⣇⠀⠀ ⠶⠶⣟⣾⣀⣀⣼⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣒⡒⠒⢀⢲⠀⠀⠄⠠⠄⣤⠀⠈⠉⢌⣿⣿⡿⠿⠇⠙⠉⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⢡⣾⢄ ⠿⢶⣾⡷⣶⣾⣭⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣯⣿⣿⣻⣛⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿ ⣀⡀⠐⢳⣤⠀⠀⠳⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣀⠍⠠⣠⣀⠀⢰⡀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⡀⠠⣀⢠⣤⣤⣤⠄⠀⠠⣤⠀⠀⠀⣿⣁⣀⣀⣀⣳⢏⣛⠋⠙⠋⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠠⠓⠿⢿ ⣿⣦⡀⠁⠈⠉⠉⠉⠢⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠃⠛⠉⠛⠂⠀⠀⠠⠉⠉⠉⠙⠩⠝⠛⠛⠛⠛⢉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⡀⡆⠀⡄⠀⢀⢄⠞⣲⣦⣬⣼ ⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠃⠠⠃⣠⣴⠾⢋⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢘⣠⣶⠿⢋⣵⣶⣮⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢣⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⠟⢞⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣀⣤⣀⣠⣄⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⣔⣿⢛⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⠿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣭⣭⣬⣭⣶⣬⣴⣤⣤⣶⣦⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣁⣠⣿⣥⣴⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 419 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/gemini-2200/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/gemini-2200/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Geminispace_Grew_10%_in_Just_5.5_Weeks⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 5:47 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz January 26 2022 [1, 2]: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Gemini_at_2000_screen⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Gemini_at_2000_video⦈_ Today (March 5 2022): 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Gemini_at_2000⦈_ Summary: Ignore the naysayers; Gemini Protocol and GemText are spreading faster than ever before (so far in 2022) ⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⡤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⢧⣠⢸⣻⢸⣏⡗⣛⡧⢿⣸⠸⡄⢟⡓⣛⡯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠃⠀⠀⠘⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠙⠘⠁⠀⠀⠐⠀⠇⠀⠂⠘⠘⠘⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠁⠀⠁⠘⠀⠘⠀⠚⠀⠁⠀⠂⠃⠃⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠃⠀⠃⠘⠃⠘⠀⠐⠘⠘⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⣤⠠⢀⣄⡤⢠⠄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠤⠠⡀⠀⢰⠐⠆⠲⢐⠂⠀⠤⢠⠆⠀⠤⢠⠄⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠁⠁⠀⠁⠉⠘⠀⠀⠈⠈⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠉⠈⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠉⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢰⢄⢴⠠⢠⢀⡄⠄⠀⠄⠠⢀⡄⡄⠄⡄⡄⡄⠄⣠⠠⠀⠠⠀⣀⢠⠠⢠⡀⡄⡄⡆⣄⡠⡠⠀⡆⠄⡄⠄⢠⢠⠀⢠⠠⠤⠄⡆⠄⣄⡄⠄⢀⠄⣠⠁⢠⠠⢠⠠⢀⡤⢀⠄⡄⠄⢠⠠⠀⢀⠀⡆⠉⡆⡆⠀⣠⠀ ⠈⠀⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠁⠁⠁⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠘⠈⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠈⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠀⠁⠁⠀⠈⠘⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠆⠔⠀⠸⠠⠄⠰⠂⠰⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠶⠀⠀⠇⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠗⠸⠀⠺⠐⠇⠀⠇⠐⠇⠀⠂⠀⠀⠰⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠄⠰⡆⠐⠀⠰⠸⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⢀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⢰⡀⠷⠸⠇⠇⠏⠈⠀⠄⠨⠴⠃⠭⠀⠆⠀⠰⢨⡄⠰⠨⠴⠁⠀⠈⠆⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠸⠸⠀⠦⠐⠇⠺⠀⠸⠄⠪⠀⠰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠠⠀⠦⠀⠆⠄⠆⠰⠀⠰⠇⠲⠀⠰⠀⠶⠀⠆⠀⠀⠠⠂⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠎⠖⠰⠂⠀⠀⠈⠆⠳⠐⠃⠪⠀⠸⠀⠺⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠰⠀⠐⠰⠆⠆⠆⠀⠀⠀⠆⠰⠀⠒⠐⠦⠠⠆⠀⠀⠰⠀⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠣⠘⠆⠪⠀⠸⠀⠷⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 580 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/irc-log-040322/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/irc-log-040322/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Friday,_March_04,_2022⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:31 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-040322.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-040322.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-040322.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-040322.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmeGr7sgV1S7U9z4dbwL2sFic2Pe8N3crxjH3ydvWsNgiC #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmeGg72NHyhd5KFCRJEqxyCLuobN8gKjuodnMzeoVTMikG (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmXEFZxPNte45kKSaBe4H7wsQbRXq1La5vLNJSUGR2vB1p social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmbQcTB85ufcRhbzb6WLP3e49z1Ue8VLXkdyaFxyWihxkG social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmSfD1SDrwGJbKfQUmB7hzFHs6bxmxt5GcPEmWbB39L2Wp #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmUMxFJGuRQmXayCPYxE1UYf5nGLYZskvEgyhwrXJjNLwE (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmW7KYgP72ZJfEcDBqN7SGFdiatGgdGTh1mnHbagRDjxuM #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmRHhYraQPQGMUJUE1oZgFbAT2VCvkQGrozHXcZushwX7y (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmT75DVXXmrHYM7c6YzAZqzfx7muo7EEYUX6fN1WwBf9Nb ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 707 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/meme-dodgy-and-unsafe-software/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/meme-dodgy-and-unsafe-software/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Dodgy_and_Unsafe_Software⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Google at 6:24 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Thunderbird⦈ Summary: Safe “apps” are nowadays newspeak_for_software_that_spies_on_you ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠰⣶⣶⠶⢰⣶⢰⣶⠐⣶⡆⣶⡆⣶⣦⢰⣶⢰⣶⢶⣶⡅⣶⣶⠶⢰⣶⢶⣮⢱⣶⡶⣶⡍⣶⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣾⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣧⡄⢸⣿⣼⣿⢸⣿⣧⣿⡃⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡏⣿⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⡇⣿⣇⣀⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣻⣴⣜⣛⣜⣛⣤⣝⣛⣋⣥⣟⣣⣝⣻⣼⣛⣛⣫⣥⣛⣛⣛⣜⣛⣜⣛⣼⣛⣛⣻⣥⣟⣻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⡀⠀⢤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡾⠟⣋⣩⣤⣴⣶⣤⣄⡀⢍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣩⣴⣦⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠸⣿⣿⠏⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣿⣜⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⢰⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣋⠜⣠⣿⣿⣧⢸⣇⣃⣿⣿⠇⣾⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣆⠀⠀⠀⠐⢤⣙⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⣋⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠻⣿⡿⠋⣼⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠖⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⠄⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣾⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣿⠃⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠧⠤⠄⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⠿⠟⠛⠟⠛⠛⠃⠀⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⢤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⠀⣀⣀⣀⢀⢀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⣿⣿⡏⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣰⣾⣾⣿⣿⡍⠋⠋⠀⣾⣿⡿⡟⡿⡿⠿⠇⠛⢱⣿⣷⣤⣿⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣯⣴⣿⣿⣯⡦⠄⠀⠘⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⠀⠀⢠⠡⠀⠀⠀⣈⣟⣛⣻⣿⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠃⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣯⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛ ⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⡶⠤⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⠶⠶⠶⢶⡶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⡆ ⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣝⢿⣿⡿⢻⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡆⣿⡇⣿⡟⣿⣧⢸⣿⠿⢸⣿⡟⣿⡆⣿⡿⢿⣧⢸⣿⠀⣿⡟⣿⡆⣿⣿⡇ ⣐⣀⣀⠀⢀⢀⠄⢀⢠⢠⣀⣠⣠⣠⣀⣀⣀⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣬⣙⠻⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⡿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⠶⢸⣿⡷⣿⡁⣿⡷⣿⣏⢸⣿⠀⣿⡷⣿⡃⣿⣿⡇ ⠤⠥⢤⣵⣿⡿⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠻⣿⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⢿⣿⣼⡿⢸⣿⢹⣿⡇⣿⣧⣿⡿⢸⣿⣤⣼⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣯⣼⣿⢸⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣇⣙⠻⡟⣩⠙⠋⡌⠻⢩⡆⢸⣿⡆⠵⠈⡟⣡⠉⡌⣿⣿⠋⠏⣩⢹⣿⣿⡆⠿⠿⠭⠷⠿⠭⠵⠭⠵⠶⢭⣭⣶⣾⣭⣶⣭⣷⣭⣭⣭⣶⣮⣭⣭⣥⣭⣵⣭⣵⣭⣭⣭⣷⣮⣭⣶⣭⣵⣭⣵⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⠘⠛⣣⡀⠒⢺⢰⡇⢀⣙⣁⣾⣿⣇⣛⣹⢀⣿⣸⠁⣿⣿⣰⢠⡏⣸⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣬⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡆⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡴⠾⢿⣿⣷⣦⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣠⣴⣶⣿⡈⣿⣷⣄⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⣠⣤⣄⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣶⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠃⠙⢩⣿⣷⣦⡌⢉⠛⠻⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠛⢋⠉⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡄⠀⣠⣌⡙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠈⠛⠛⠋⣉⣉⣠⡄⠀⣴⣿⣿⣦⣭⣛⣛⣋⠨⠍⢳⠖⣠⠀⠀⢠⡐⣶⡖⡡⠃⣴⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣾⣿⠟⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⢠⣤⣭⣍⠉⠉⠉⠡⣤⣶⠖⢡⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠈⠛⠛⠿⠿⠟⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣥⣾⣿⠁⠀⢸⣿⣦⡞⠀⠸⣿⣿⣷⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣠⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡙⠿⣡⡄⠀⠠⣶⣝⣫⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠁ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣿⠏⢀⣀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣰⣿⣿⡿⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠿⡟⠃⠘⠛⠛⠛⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⢂⣴⡾⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⡠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠤⠖⠂ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣧⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⢡⣿⡟⠀⠶⢶⠆⢰⡶⠀⡘⠀⣤⣶⡆⢠⣤⣼⣧⣤⠈⢹⠀⣤⣤⡿⠀⡾⠉⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠖⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠛⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⣿⠇⢠⣶⣾⠀⣀⠀⢾⠃⣈⣉⣽⠀⣀⣨⣿⠟⢁⣴⡇⠀⠛⢻⠃⡸⠁⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡶⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡘⢿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣀⣿⣇⣸⠀⠛⠛⡇⠀⢉⣉⠃⠀⠛⠻⠁⠼⠿⡿⠤⣥⣾⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢰⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣶⣾⣤⣿⠟⢁⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠌⠋⠉⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠸⣿⡇⣶⣶⣦⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣉⣉⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣉⣥⣶⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⢏⡼⢋⣄⠀⣴⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢹⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢀⡞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣼⣿⢫⣾⣷⣿⡟⢸⡿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠉⣛⣛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢠⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⣿⣧⡿⠛⠉⠙⠟⠜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣶⣶⡿⢛⣭⣾⡎⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣠⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣼⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠛⢠⣾⣆⠀⠠⣈⡉⠛⣋⠯⠅⠀⠒⢻⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣟⣫⡒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢷⣬⡙⢿⣇⣀⠹⣿⣯⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢀⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣦⣝⠻⣷⣄⡉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡟⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⣾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⠟⢻⣿⢿⣵⡹⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠙⠻⣷⣮⡙⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣇⠀⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⡆ ⠀⢣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⡈⡻⢿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠈⠙⠿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣧⢹⡇⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⡠⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⠄⢸⣿⡇ ⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣮⢇⢿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠈⠛⢿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡿⠛⠁⠑⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠸⠟⢡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡶⠀⢠⣿⡿⠀⣾⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⢲⣔⢄⢀⣴⣿⠇⣸⡇⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⡇⠀⠸⠟⢀⣼⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠻⡆⠉⣋⡕⠾⣿⠁⠀⠛⠿⢹⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⠏⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠁⢠⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠒⣾⣆⣀⣀⢀⢼⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⠀⠀⠀⠠⡘⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⠏⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢬⣙⢉⡛⠸⣷⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⡟⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠪⡙⢿⣿⣷⣌⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⡄⠀⠀⠈⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠓⢭⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠈⠻⠿⠿⠛⠁⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⠂⠶⠿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠄⠀⢤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠋⠀⠘⠻⠿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡶⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⠻⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠛⠃ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡍⠉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⢛⣛⢛⡛⣛⡛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⠛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣛⡛⢛⣛⣛⡛⢛⡛⣛⣛⣛⠛⣛⣛⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⣿⡏⢹⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⢸⡇⢸⣿⣽⡇⣿⡏⣿⡇⣿⣏⢸⣿⣹⡿⢸⣿⣹⡇⢸⡇⢹⣏⣿⠇⣿⡏⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⢸⡇⢸⡿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣏⢸⣿⢹⣷⢸⣿⣹⣧⢸⡇⢸⡏⣿⡆⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣛⣣⣼⣛⣘⣛⣬⣛⣛⣥⣟⣣⣛⣣⣛⣛⣛⠄⠛⣛⣛⣛⣘⣛⣘⣛⣛⣣⣜⣃⣙⣃⣛⣣⣛⣛⣛⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠹⠸⠛⣋⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣋⣭⣥⣤⣚⢿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣥⣤⣮⣭⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢻⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡜⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⠟⠙⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⡇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠙⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡏⠎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢹⡿⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣦⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠷⠾⠿⠏⣸⣿⣿⣿⡘⢿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠿⠿⠘⠁⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣧⠀⠀⠈⢭⣵⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣰⣿⠿⠿⠿⣷⡘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠠⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⢸⣿⠟⠋⢱⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣄⢴⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⣡⡼⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣆⡈⠙⠛⠛⠛⠉⡄⠀⠀⢀⣈⡉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⠁⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⢀⠼⠊⣀⣠⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣷⣿⣿⡟⡿⠈⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⠁⠀⣠⣤⣶⣤⡀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⡿⠀⠀⢠⠿⠛⠃⠠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⠇⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣣⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⢹⠃⠀⣀⣤⡶⣾⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣾⣿⣿⢿⠇⠉⠈⡏⠉⠉⠁ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣁⣄⠹⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⢋⣉⡙⠛⠿⡿⠋⣠⣾⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠀⢠⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⠇⠈⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣆⠘⠋⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⡉⣤⣄⣠⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠐⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⠀⢀⣴⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⢻⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⡄⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⢌⡉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠸⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠘⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣰⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⡠⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣶⣛⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠄⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡆⠿⠿⠿⠿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 844 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/miguel-quits-or-pushed-out/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/miguel-quits-or-pushed-out/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ ”Miguel_de_Icaza_may_be_gone,_but_the_walls_and_bars_of_proprietary_software he_helped_create_remain,_for_now._Dismantling_them_is_up_to_us.“⠀✐ Posted in Microsoft, Mono at 8:47 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum cd8cc6e42e403a194c9abc421b4d210a Miguel de Icaza is Gone, But Not the Damage He Caused Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/miguel-de-parture-from-microsoft.webm Summary: Microsoft lover Miguel_de_Icaza has left the Microsoft_family because according to him the other (lesser) family is suddenly a priority, even in his 40s (he turns 50 this year)? It seems possible that he too — just like his friend, Nat_Friedman — got pushed out THE end of an era? Maybe. A Microsoft booster from ZDNet has helped the arse- covering; we have good reasons to suspect that Miguel either got the boot or got too depressed given recent developments. The video above explains what happened and below we have a long list of articles for some background on Miguel’s harm: Microsoft de Icaza (1997 job interview* until the 2022 exit) ✐ 2022⠀✐ * The_GitHub_Fallout?_Miguel_de_Icaza_is_Out! ✐ 2021⠀✐ * Teaser:_Don’t_Worry,_Miguel,_the_Press_Will_Never_Find_Out…_(About_Nat Friedman) * Teaser:_Microsoft_GitHub:_Miguel_de_Icaza’s_“HOLY_SHIT” * Teaser:_Miguel_de_Icaza_on_CEO_of_Microsoft_GitHub * Teaser:_What_Miguel_de_Icaza_Really_Thinks_of_the_CEO_of_Microsoft_GitHub ✐ 2020⠀✐ * Miguel_de_Icaza_Came_to_Bruce_Perens/Debian_(“Permission_to_Use_Debian’s Resources”)_Just_Months_After_His_Job_Interview_at_Microsoft ✐ 2014⠀✐ * Miguel_‘Advocates’_GNU/Linux_by_Bashing_it_Again * Miguel_de_Icaza_and_Xamarin_Become_More_Tightly_Integrated_With_Microsoft ✐ 2013⠀✐ * Microsoft_Has_Taken_Over_Mono_Development,_With_Miguel_de_Icaza’s_Consent * Microsoft_MVP_Miguel_de_Icaza_Finally_Quits_GNU/Linux;_Even_He_Does_Not Want_Vista_8,_Samsung_Dumps_Vista_8_Tablets ✐ 2012⠀✐ * Miguel_de_Icaza_on_Microsoft_‘Embrace_and_Extend’_of_JavaScript * Xamarin_and_Miguel_de_Icaza_Help_Microsoft ✐ 2011⠀✐ * Not_News:_Miguel_de_Icaza_is_Working_for_Microsoft * Techrights_Was_Right_About_Mono_Being_Open_Core,_Now_Miguel_de_Icaza Admits_It * Funding_Behind_Xamarin_is_Microsoft_MVP_Miguel_de_Icaza;_Fresh_Concerns About_Attachmate * Why_Microsoft’s_Guy_Miguel_de_Icaza_Pushes_for_C#_at_Apple,_Which_is_Not Successful * Miguel_de_Icaza_is_at_Microsoft,_Attacking_Ubuntu_GNU/Linux * Ostracise_Miguel_de_Icaza_Like_Stephen_Elop_Should_Have_Been_Ostracised From_Nokia * Miguel_de_Icaza_Helps_Show_He_is_an_Enemy_of_GNU/Linux ✐ 2010⠀✐ * Microsoft_MVP_Miguel_de_Icaza_Does_Not_Know_What_Will_Happen_to_Mono * Mono_is_for_Microsoft_and_Microsoft_F#_Loves_Miguel_de_Icaza * Miguel_de_Icaza_Was_Wrong_About_Silverlight_and_.NET * Is_Miguel_de_Icaza_Preparing_for_a_Career_at_Microsoft? * SD_Times_Removes_Miguel_de_Icaza’s_Admission_That_Mono_Has_Patent Problems_and_de_Icaza_Mocks_Jeremy_Allison * Microsoft_MVP_de_Icaza:_Microsoft_“Shot_the_.NET_Ecosystem_in_the_Foot” Because_of_Patent_Threats * Señor_de_Icaza_Meets_Other_Microsoft_MVPs * Former_Microsoft_Employees_and_Boosters_Call_Microsoft_MVP_Miguel_de Icaza_and_Other_Microsoft_Apologists_“Most_Powerful_Voices”_in_Open Source * Microsoft_MVP_Miguel_de_Icaza_Leaves_CodePlex_Foundation_Board * Alex_Brown,_Miguel_de_Icaza,_and_Full-time_Microsoft_Employee_Smear_ODF Again * New_Opinions_on_Mono,_Miguel_de_Icaza,_and_the_“Windows_Stratagem” * Miguel_de_Icaza_Groomed_by_Microsoft_with_MVP_Award ✐ 2009⠀✐ * Miguel_de_Icaza:_“We_Have_Removed_All_of_the_GPL_Code”_(MonoDevelop) * Novell’s_de_Icaza_on_VMware’s_Potential_GNU/Linux_Distribution * Miguel_de_Icaza_Compares_Richard_Stallman_to_George_Bush * Groklaw_Groks_Mono,_Miguel_de_Icaza,_Microsoft,_and_More * Miguel_de_Icaza_“is_Basically_a_Traitor_to_the_Free_Software_Community,” Says_Richard_Stallman * Miguel_de_Icaza_Joins_Microsoft ✐ 2008⠀✐ * Quick_Mention:_Miguel_de_Icaza_Loves_.NET,_Dislikes_GNU_GPL Miguel isn’t a happy puppy. See the screenshot below. And to quote George Orwell, for anyone who doesn’t even know what_doxing_means (this is not anything remotely like it): “Journalism is printing what someone else does not want printed: everything else is public relations.” █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Miguel de Icaza is upset⦈ _____ * “In summer of 1997, he was interviewed by Microsoft for a job in the Internet Explorer UNIX team (to work on a SPARC port), but lacked a university degree to obtain a Visa,” according to this_page. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇De Icaza rich⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Miguel de Icaza poses as Gates⦈ “Gates may be gone, but the walls and bars of proprietary software he helped create remain, for now. Dismantling them is up to us.” –Richard_Stallman ⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡥⣂⡏⠉⢝⢨⡏⠉⣽⠉⣿⣀⡫⡉⢹⣅⡫⢉⢿⠉⠍⣿⢉⠉⣿⠅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢛⠻⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣟⢻⣿⡛⢛⢟⢟⣻⡿⣿⣿⢻⣟⢻⢻⣿⠿⣿⢿⢿⡟⡿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡍⢹⣿⢛⠛⡿⢻⠛⣿⠟⢻⢻⢻⠛⢻⡏⣿⠛⣟⡟⡟⠛⢻⠙⡿⡛⡻⢹⣿⣿⡟⡛⢻⠛⢿⡿⢹⣟⠿⢻⢟⡏⡏⣿⡟⢹⡿⣻⠙⢻⠛⢛⣿⣿⣟⠛⡟⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣠⣀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣼⣿⠏⠀⣿⡏⠙⢿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣼⣠⣿⣴⣮⣾⣤⣧⣤⣿⣴⣬⣾⣮⣯⣾⣮⣤⣼⣷⣼⣿⣤⣯⣤⣿⣥⣿⣧⣴⣬⣷⣦⣿⣧⣧⣼⣧⣤⣷⣯⣾⣤⣾⣯⣤⣴⣷⣼⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⣿⣿⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠟⠟⢻⢟⠛⠿⠻⠛⣿⡍⡍⣻⠛⡿⡛⢛⡟⢻⣿⡟⠻⢟⠛⣿⠛⢻⡏⠉⠻⠛⡟⡛⣻⡟⠻⠛⢹⡟⢻⡛⣿⠛⢛⡟⠛⠻⠟⠛⣻⣻⣟⠛⡻⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠻⣿⣷⣄⣀⣀⣴⣿⡿⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⢷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣶⣿⢾⣷⣷⣿⡶⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⡾⢷⣾⡷⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣾⣷⣿⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣕⣀⣪⣀⣀⣿⣇⣿⣨⣨⣀⣸⣇⣕⣅⣾⣀⣿⣀⣐⣭⣐⣅⣁⣨⣨⣂⣿⣂⣐⣅⣸⣆⣽⣨⣐⣜⣀⣖⣂⣸⡗⣸⣆⣺⣃⢐⣽⣀⣟⣀⣺⣆⣿⣈⣀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢻⢿⡻⢟⠿⢛⡟⢻⣟⢟⢿⢛⠿⢻⡟⠟⣿⣻⠛⡻⢛⢟⣟⢛⡟⡻⠟⠟⣟⣿⡛⡻⠟⣟⠿⡛⢻⣟⣿⠿⢟⢿⢻⠻⢟⣿⣟⠟⠿⣻⠿⡻⢻⢟⣟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣷⣾⣷⣷⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣾⣾⣿⣷⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣸⣉⣹⣜⡏⢻⣋⣸⣟⣈⣀⣿⣃⣎⣉⣿⣉⣞⣉⣹⣈⣡⣕⣹⣏⡙⣹⣨⣆⣼⣇⣿⣉⣬⢉⣿⣉⣙⣹⣏⣸⣩⣵⣸⣷⣹⣋⣹⣏⣿⣎⣯⢉⣍⣉⣿⣏⣋⣏⣙⣿⣹⣍⣵⣾⡝⢉⣟⣉⣻⢙⣯⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢻⠻⣿⠟⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠻⣿⠟⡿⠻⣿⡿⡿⡿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠟⡟⠻⣿⠿⣿⡿⠟⢻⠻⣿⢻⢻⡿⡿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠛⣿⢿⠿⣿⠿⢿⠻⣿⣿⠟⡿⢿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⡟⡿⢿⡿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⣷⣷⣶⣷⣼⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣶⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣿⣶⣿⣴⣷⣶⣿⣽⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣩⣨⡯⣩⢙⢭⣏⠍⣹⡟⣭⢹⡯⣉⣍⢽⣿⢉⡍⣯⣿⣈⣀⡫⣏⡩⡩⣉⢽⣄⣿⠩⣋⢝⡭⣉⢝⣉⡍⣿⣩⣁⣍⡩⣿⣸⢍⣈⡩⣿⣩⣿⠩⣯⣘⢅⡩⣿⣩⣯⣁⣿⣸⣩⣿⣨⡯⣽⡩⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⡿⠟⡿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠟⢿⣿⢿⢛⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⠻⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡟⠿⣿⠿⠻⡿⢿⡿⠿⢿⢿⢿⡿⡿⠿⢿⢿⡿⢿⢿⠻⢿⡿⢿⠿⠻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣮⣼⣧⣤⣾⣿⣥⣤⣇⣦⣯⣤⣾⣿⣾⣬⣦⣼⣯⣥⣼⣬⣤⣿⣴⣵⣤⣽⣧⣿⣤⣼⣧⣼⣾⣬⣴⣧⣼⣯⣤⣼⣼⣼⣧⣿⣤⣼⣽⣿⣴⣤⣯⣼⣧⣿⣭⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣀⣤⣶⣶⣦⣄⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣼⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡴⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣼⠿⠍⢙⣿⣁⣨⣿⣆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⡀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠈⢀⢀⠀⠠⢀⣀⣀⡀⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⠉⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠟⠉⠫⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣀⢀⣀⣤⣴⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡿⣿⣿⠊⠉⢩⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⢀⣤⣤⡄⠀⠐⡆⠂⠀⠄⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣶⣼⣏⡈⢀⣠⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣽⣇⠸⣿⣿⡟⡁⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⡒⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢏⡉⡉⢩⣤⣤⣧⣶⠖⢑⣤⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣏⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣀⡀⣤⠄⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠐⠐⠚⠛⢋⣽⣷⣿⡞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡫⡜⠿⠷⠋⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠁⠀⠙⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣟⠷⡉⠄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⠂⠀⢀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡏⡇⠀⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⡿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣿⣴⡇⢀⠐⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⠝⠋⠀⠙⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣯⡍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠃⠀⢠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢊⠟⡿⠛⠙⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡶⣤⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣟⡷⠮⠟⢿⣿⣿⡇⢠⠀⠀⠀⠰⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠁⠰⡿⠟⣫⠿⠉⢐⠒⣶⣶⡶⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡇⠘⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⡆⠄⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣤⣴⡊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⣛⣉⣭⣽ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠿⠷⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⣼⣷⣲⣄⡙⣛⣵⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢟⣛⣣⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⢀⣄⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰ ⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠾⣇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠂⡠⣀⠀ ⠀⠙⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⡻⠿⠟⠻⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠱⣄⣤⣤⠶⠶⠚⠛⠋⣉⣉⣠⣤⠆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣟⣸⣿⣿⠶⠂⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢪⠳⠤⡐⣶⣤⣿⡾⠿⢛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣧⣼⣿⡇⠀⠈⠂⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠁⢰⣶⣖⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1082 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/no-more-spying-for-free/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/no-more-spying-for-free/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Quitting_Social_Control_Media:_The_Day_After⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software at 10:27 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 7c884500952f168d688703adb08a460b Quitting Social Control is Fun Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/joindiaspora-now-closed.webm Summary: The Social Control Media exodus (or diaspora) away from Facebook and/ or Twitter has become a_diaspora_of_JoinDiaspora because longtime JoinDiaspora users are asked to move to another pod, losing all their connections in the process; this is a symptom if not a hallmark of Social Control Media as a concept (all your so-called ‘friends’ are transient, temporary, or a binary bit in someone else’s database — a database that will be permanently buried in JoinDiaspora’s case) THE Web site (or pod) JoinDiaspora has been good to me. I habitually sent money to the podadmin (Lukas) and JoinDiaspora was a generally friendly community — a mixture of very technical people and lesser-technical people with interest in technology. But all things come to an end and Lukas decided it’s time to move on, perhaps (in part) due to technical_debt. It’s one of the downsides of complex sites with databases; the complicated nature of them makes them harder to maintain, unlike Gemini for instance. As an associate of ours noted this atternoon, “technical debt can be a killer if it is allowed to build up, and it takes effort and time to keep it at bay. It is important to trim when possible, keep it simple, and refactor when possible and appropriate.” “I can better focus on articles and concentrate on what truly matters.”Almost 24 hours have passed (at the time of writing; the video is being transcoded at the moment) and I don’t miss JoinDiaspora. I don’t miss Social Control Media in general. For the first time in 13 years I have little or no expectation of receiving notifications from Twitter. That’s a positive. I can better focus on articles and concentrate on what truly matters. Furnishing some private company’s database is poor (mis)use of time. It’s not your database. It is not even your data! As Salzberg of Diaspora (cofounder) put it: “When you give up that data, you’re giving it up forever … The value they give us is negligible in the scale of what they are doing, and what we are giving up is all of our privacy.” As Wikipedia notes: “The [Diaspora] founders started the project after being motivated by a February 2010 speech of the Columbia University law professor Eben Moglen. In his speech, delivered to the Internet Society’s New York Chapter, “Freedom in the Cloud”, Moglen described centralized social networks as “spying for free.”” Our hope is that readers and viewers will decide to similarly quit Social Control Media; it’s a net negative, especially_nowadays (it’s not about information anymore!). Techrights never bothered with Social Control Media; this is about my personal account and the account inherited by Tux Machines. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1157 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/obey-the-law/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/obey-the-law/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_EPO_Examiners,_Keep_on_Fighting_(They_Can’t_Fire_Y’all)⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Humour, Patents at 6:15 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇EPO management and EPO staff⦈ Summary: António_Campinos wishes he could stop EPO workers who obey the law (instead of him), but he cannot ⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⡇⢸⣿⠂⣶⣶⡆⣴⣿⣦⠀⢰⡟⠷⠐⣶⡖⢰⣶⡆⣶⡖⢲⣾⠓⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢸⣿⠃⣿⡟⠃⣿⣿⣿⠀⢈⡛⣷⠀⣿⡇⣿⣽⣇⣿⡟⢸⣿⠃⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⠘⠛⠃⠛⠃⠀⠙⠛⠋⠀⠘⠛⠛⠀⠛⠃⠛⠘⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⡟⠿⠿⠉⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠏⠉⠉⠛⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣠⢶⣄⣀⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠂⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢾⣧⠿⣾⠡⣠⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣻⣿⣶⠀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣷⡆⢀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⢠⢦⣄⣀⡀⠀⠹⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⢰⣶⣄⣀⠀⠀⣹⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⣩⣭⡉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⣾⠯⠾⠿⢛⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠐⠑⢏⣸⡗⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠈⠙⠳⣾⡾⣁⣷⣋⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿⣷⠯⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⡿⣏⠁⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣭⡀⢶⣦⣀⡀⠀⢀⢻⡆⣰⣿⣿⣃⠀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠇⠀⢀⣜⡀⢠⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡲⢻⣿⠟⠁⢠⢦⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⣛⠿⠿⣡⣀⣶⢦⣄⡀⠀⢠⣤⡤⡔⣄⣛⠁⢠⢦⣄⣀⡀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⡾⠟⠟⢛⣿⢹⣏⡿⣿⠇⣤⢸⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡎⣿⣽⠇⢀⢰⢻⣧⢠⣾⣿⣯⣷⢹⢯⡿⣀⡄⣾⣿⡟⣿⡄⠀⣼⣏⠿⣿⢃⣠⠸⠟⢀⣬⣗⢸⣇⡛⣾⠃⣴⢺⣿⣇⢧⠻⢓⠀⣾⡿⠿⣿⢁⢠ ⣿⡟⠋⠁⣀⣤⣤⣤⢬⣣⣘⡻⠛⣏⣶⠟⠘⢃⣋⣙⣀⢘⠏⠹⠿⠷⡟⣤⡿⠘⣈⣩⣉⡉⣄⢈⠿⠿⠾⢡⣾⠃⣁⣭⣭⣭⡩⡀⣙⠿⠷⠏⣴⣿⣤⣤⣤⢠⣦⣜⠛⠛⣋⣾⠏⠈⣩⣭⣬⣤⡨⡄⡻⠿⠿⢣⣾⣿ ⣿⠁⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⡝⠟⡂⣠⣽⣹⣇⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡳⡿⠄⣀⣳⢿⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⢿⠗⢀⣼⡛⣧⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡻⠿⠂⣬⣟⢻⡿⣿⣿⣿⡹⡝⠟⠁⣴⣯⣹⣇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⡻⠟⠀⣬⣗⢿⣿ ⣿⢀⣼⠿⠿⢋⣿⣿⣷⣴⢠⣼⡟⣿⡏⣿⣾⠿⠟⣿⣿⣮⣡⢀⣵⡿⣿⡿⣿⡽⠿⢻⣿⣷⣭⡄⣠⣾⢿⣿⢿⣯⡿⢛⣿⣿⣦⡤⢠⣼⠿⣿⡾⣿⣌⣿⣿⣷⣶⢰⣾⠟⣿⡏⣿⣿⠿⢛⣿⣿⣮⡤⢠⣾⠿⣿⣾⣿ ⣇⣠⣶⣶⣶⣽⣛⢿⣿⣿⠿⣯⣶⣜⠋⢹⣿⣦⣺⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣟⣤⢹⠇⢿⣿⣔⡻⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣥⣌⡿⠸⣿⣧⣝⡻⠻⡿⠿⠿⠏⢠⣹⠃⢿⣿⣟⢿⣟⠻⠟⠯⠶⠘⠃⠹⣿⣦⣟⠻⣿⠻⠿⠿⢯⡶⣻⢃⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⠿⢟⣹⣿⣿⣶⣦⣽⣽⣿⣿⠾⣿⣿⡶⢻⣿⣿⣤⣌⣻⣻⣿⣷⢿⣿⢾⠞⣿⣿⣷⣤⣙⣛⣿⣿⡻⣿⠿⡿⢺⣿⣿⣦⣬⣿⣽⣝⣿⠟⢟⢹⣶⢶⠖⠂⠉⢉⣙⣛⡻⣾⠿⡿⣺⣿⣿⣦⣼ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣏⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉ ⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠩⠍⠩⠭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣉⡭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⡢⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⠤⣶⢶⢰⣶⡆⠀⠘⣾⣥⡤⣴⣦⠆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡄⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣗⢹⡋⠸⣿⠇⠀⠘⠑⠁⠃⠀⠁⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣿⢰⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢦⠀⠀⡆⣴⡌⠛⠋⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⢀⣀⢀⣀⢠⣄⣤⡤⡶⢰⣆⡆⢺⡟⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⢰⣧⠛⠁⠰⠄⠀⣶⣴⣶⢰⣶⢸⣯⡇⣿⣷⢹⣼⡍⣷⠺⡿⡿⡇⣿⡉⡟⣿⠸⠇⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣯⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠀⠀⡿⢋⣈⠀⠀⠀⢻⢻⢿⣸⡾⡏⠏⠿⠿⠹⠚⠛⠃⠛⠃⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⣿⣯⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣻⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣗⡄⠛⢉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠒⠿⠏⠰⠂⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⡤⠴⠶⠶⠶⠒⠚⢀⣃⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⣾⣿⠆⡄⠀⠛⢨⣿⡿⠟⠿⡆⢀⣷⠿⠻⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⠴⠶⠶⠶⠶⠚⠛⣛⡛⠛⢉⣉⣭⣭⣥⡤⠄⠒⠒⠲⠶⣾⡿⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠟⠇⡀⡢⣠⡀⡐⠉⠇⢉⠁⢠⣿⠛⢠⣥⡬⣀⡹⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣟⡋⢉⣉⣍⡉⠁⠀⠀⠐⠶⠦⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣾⣶⣶⣻⣿⣶⣿⡆⣬⠌⠏⢡⣈⠉⢑⡾⠉⢿⠟⠏⠉⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⣿⡟⠋⠉⠉⣿⣿⣷⣿⠧⠑⢀⡌⢈⣂⣙⣓⣀⠠⡄⢸⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣄⣠⣦⣤⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⢰⣶⣀⣀⠀⠀⢄⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⢠⡻⣿⡿⣶⡶⠀⣯⢿⣿⢿⣶⠖⠀⠀⢸⣭⣽⣯⣿⡇⣀⠘⠀⠀⢹⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡄⣃⣬⠁⠞⢸⣿⣿⠇⣄⣛⣿⠛⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣿⣟⣿⡟⢀⠀⢈⣿⣭⣿⢃⣀⠀⣰⣿⣾⡿⣁⣀⡂⣾⣯⠿⣿⣿⠁⣾⣟⣺⢿⣿⡿⢐⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢠⣆⣋⣌⠠⠟⠿⠎⡘⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⢀⣷⣲⣼⣭⣿⢟⣡⡿⣧⣶⣾⡿⣧⣴⢷⣧⢿⣿⣿⣿⠫⣾⠟⢿⣿⡿⣟⢵⣿⣫⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣧⡬⣂⣻⣿⡏⠶⠊⣩⠁⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⠿⠿⣿⠕⢿⣏⢙⣛⣛⠗⠘⢿⣇⢩⣝⡭⡓⢈⢻⣮⢠⢔⣒⣲⠍⠄⠎⠶⠾⠶⠊⠁⠘⠙⠛⢙⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡟⠉⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣩⣧⣄⠲⡞⠻⢷⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠝⠘⠀⠚⢛⣋⣐⣀⣃⣉⣉⣉⣡⣥⣤⣥⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡟⣽⣷⣿⣿⣸⣧⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣦⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1217 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/05/video-reviewing-google-news/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/05/video-reviewing-google-news/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Google_Built_an_Empire_—_Mostly_a_Proprietary_Empire_—_on_Top_of_Free Software,_But_Now_It_Helps_Spread_FUD_Against_Such_Software_While_Mishandling the_Web⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software, FUD, GNU/Linux, Google, Standard at 4:39 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 430d51e9124c7c1ceff085d6e2420099 Noise Instead of News Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/gulag-noise-demonstrated.webm Summary: In an act of unwarranted spontaneity many people respect anything that comes from Google (any service, software, site) just like that, primarily based on the glorified brand, irrespective of actual assessment of the quality of the “product”; in the case of Google News, many dangerous assumptions are made because the company has become a filter against information and amplifier of sheer noise/webspam The most powerful Internet company (literally run by the people who made the Internet; it employs_some_of_them!) is undoubtedly Google. It is a bad guardian of information and a bad guardian of the open Web, which it is closing while adding DRM on top (basically imposing proprietary software on Free software users). It does many other bad things, but let’s leave that aside for future videos. Google is evil. It’s a Gulag. Look what_it_turned_YouTube_into. And it gets even worse given the roots of this company, showing a lack of gratitude and no reciprocity (Summer_of_Code_is_mostly_a_publicity_stunt, a self-serving PR ploy, a corporate dodge/decoy). “And it gets even worse given the roots of this company, showing a lack of gratitude and no reciprocity (Summer of Code is mostly a publicity stunt, a self-serving PR ploy).”Google (Gulag) came out of “Linux” (that’s very obvious to those who look at prototypes and screenshots of the original google.com, the search engine), but nowadays it exploits a lot of free labour (hence the name “Gulag”) to make proprietary software which violates people’s privacy. We have Android — by_far_the_most_widely_used_operating_system — built with Linux, ChromeOS built based on/atop Gentoo, and Chrome itself being a mixture of many Free software projects (while Chrome itself is proprietary spyware). How does Gulag Noise (Google News) treat Linux and Free software? Not well at all! It lists many Microsoft propaganda sites as “news” sites (aggregated in the Gulag Noise) while excluding hundreds of decent and reliable GNU/Linux- centric sites (which cover “Linux” news and stick to facts). The distortion of news (or Gulag Noise) is shown above not in the context of patents — a subject we shall cover tomorrow as usual — but also Free software. “The problem is, Google News is a monopoly in that area (no other company has the resources to crawl millions of sites so fast for news updates) and with monopoly comes special responsibility.”“I wade through the crap written against Free software on a daily basis,” an associate told us. “I’m not sure I have a view more like a litany of complaints.” As shown in the above video, a spontaneous (unplanned/unscripted/unedited) one as usual, Google treats Linux badly (amplifying anti-Linux sites), it is a terrible guardian of information (amplifying spam and misinformation), and the Web as a whole is getting worse because of Google. Many useful features have been removed (Google News used to be mostly news 10-15 years ago), RSS gets treated like second-class or non-citizen, and it’s only getting worse over time. Google News might have become noisy due to litigation (e.g. large-scale lawsuits against Fair Use) and utter neglect. The problem is, Google News is a monopoly in that area (no other company has the resources to crawl millions of sites so fast for news updates) and with monopoly comes special responsibility. Many competing search sites merely ‘borrow’ results from the monopoly, so the misinformation propagates far and wide. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1310 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_6/3/2022:_Kodi_19.4_and_GNU_Health_HMIS_4.0_Released⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 9:30 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Hot_Free_and_Open_Source_C++_Application Servers⠀⇛ An application server is computer software which provides the business logic for an application program. It offers services such as management of large distributed systems, data services, load balancing, transaction support, and network security. The application server is one part of a three-tier application, consisting of a graphical interface server, an application (business logic) server, and a database / transaction server. There are good reasons to deploy an application server in a corporate environment. At a high level, an application server enables updates and upgrades to applications to be distributed to all users. System administrators also benefit from the fact that changes to application configuration can take place centrally, which greatly simplifies technical support and ultimately the end user experience. Application servers also simplify user management, avoiding the need to set up and maintain user- management systems for applications. This type of software also enhances scalability and resource usage, and exposes business components via different deployment wrappers. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ 188:_Linux_From_Scratch,_openSUSE_Leap_15.4,_Linux_Mint, Armbian,_Steam_Deck_and_more_Linux_news_–_TuxDigital⠀⇛ On this episode of This Week in Linux: Linux From Scratch 11.1, openSUSE Leap 15.4 Beta, Linux Mint Debian Edition 5 Beta, FSF’s New Executive Director: Zoë Kooyman, Armbian 22.02, Hyperbola 0.4, Element Call: Native Matrix VoIP, scrcpy 1.23, Firewalld 1.1, Steam Deck Effect: Apex Legends & Destiny 2, Steam Deck To Ramp Up Production, Humble Bundle. All that and much more on Your Weekly Source for Linux GNews! # ⚓ Video ☛ Proxitok:_Finally_A_TikTok_Privacy_Frontend_– Invidious⠀⇛ We have privacy frontends for plenty of services like Twitter, Instagram and ever YouTube but now we finally have one for Tiktok as well, this is Proxitok # ⚓ Video ☛ GOOD_Console,_LIMITED_PC_–_Steam_Deck_Review_– Invidious [Ed: The coin-operated "The Linux Experiment" (reviews in exchange for gifts) is having another go at Steam Deck. "The Linux Experiment" pretended to be a company or organisation when lobbying to remove RMS from his own organisation; RMS isn't the person who takes bribes for fake 'reviews']⠀⇛ o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu Handbook ☛ Kodi_19.4_Released_with_Various_Fixes! Install_it_via_Ubuntu_PPA_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ The popular Kodi media center has the first update in 2022 by releasing v19.4. Here’s how to install it in Ubuntu. The release fixed many issues in the Kodi 19 “Matrix”, including Chinese keyboard character display issue, seekbar wouldn’t disappear when pause via a remote app, EDL mute now working, flickering with interlaced H.264 SD on AMD GPUs. For Linux, it now automatically plays DVDs. And for Xbox users, it may now passthrough audio via WASAPI, and install Python add-ons without permission issue. See release note for more about Kodi 19.4. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_LibreWolf_Browser_on_Ubuntu_20.04 LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install LibreWolf Browser on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, LibreWolf is an independent “fork” of Firefox, with the primary goals of privacy, security, and user freedom. LibreWolf is designed to increase protection against tracking and fingerprinting techniques, while also including a few security improvements. This is achieved through our privacy and security-oriented settings and patches. LibreWolf also aims to remove all the telemetry, data collection, and annoyances, as well as disabling anti-freedom features like DRM. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the LibreWolf Browser on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint. # ⚓ How_to_open_PDF_Programmatically_using_Intent_in_Android_– TREND_OCEANS⠀⇛ Yesterday I received an email from one of our readers and he asked me to fix his issue where he was not able to open PDF from the storage when the user clicked on the button. And his application was running flawlessly on an older version of Android. After Android 11, his application was not working as per his plan. # ⚓ The New Stack ☛ How_to_Run_Docker_in_Rootless_Mode_–_The New_Stack⠀⇛ Although it’s possible to deploy Docker containers without root privileges, that doesn’t necessarily mean it’s rootless throughout. That’s is because there are other components within the stack (such as runc, containerd, and dockerd) that do require root privileges to run. That can equate to a security issue by way of heightened privilege attacks. Sure, you can add your user to the docker group and run the docker deploy command without the help of sudo, but that really doesn’t solve the problem. There are other ways to run docker that seem like a good idea but, in the end, they’re just as dangerous as running docker with sudo privileges. So, what do you do? You can always go rootless. # ⚓ BASH_03_–_Command-line_Processing_|_Linux.org⠀⇛ It is important to understand how the command-line processing occurs. The procedure of examining the command issued is not as straight-forward as you might think. Going over a command to see how processing is achieved can show you how the command can fail. It can help you determine why it failed and how to fix it, so it works. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Ionic_Framework_on_Ubuntu_20.04?⠀⇛ Developers need tools to help them create applications in the best possible way. That is why there are different frameworks. Although we have recently discussed CakePHP, today we will bring up a very peculiar one because it is focused on mobile. In this post, you will learn how to install Ionic framework in Ubuntu 20.04. # ⚓ How_to_Install_LXQt_Desktop_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ LXQt is a free desktop environment known for being lightweight, fast, and energy-efficient, which can replace the standard default GNOME Desktop on your Ubuntu system, which can be desired for users with low-powered computers and laptops, and netbooks. LXQt has had a colorful history of merging and then splitting with the LXDE project in 2013 and 2018. However, both projects are of a high standard in sharing similar approaches regarding being more efficient than the major players such as GNOME and KDE. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install LXQt on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Xfce_Desktop_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Xfce is a lightweight free, open-source desktop environment for UNIX-like operating systems. It is designed to be fast and light on system resources while more visually appealing than the default desktop environments that ship with most operating systems. Xfce is very popular with older systems with hardware as a key feature in its design is to conserve both memory and CPU cycles. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Xfce on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish using the command line terminal for users that seek an alternative desktop environment to run that is lightweight, clean, and simple. # ⚓ How_to_enable_the_experimental_Chrome_OS_app_launcher_that looks_like_Windows_Start_Menu_–_Dignited⠀⇛ I am not a Windows user, but the one feature I truly appreciate and probably take with me across other platform is a Windows-like start menu. I have enabled Windows-style start menu on both Ubuntu and Linux Mint installations. The start menu is probably the most convenient way to search and find apps on a Computer. Chrome OS had another take on the App launcher. Before Chrome OS 94, the app launcher user interface occupies half the screen when launched with the Everything button and full screen with you click on the caret icon to reveal more apps. However, now you can enable the new experimental Windows-style App launcher which only covers half the screen vertically on the left. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Geany_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Geany on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Geany is a powerful, stable, and lightweight programmer’s text editor that provides tons of useful features without bogging down your workflow. It’s a cross-platform application available on Linux, Microsoft Windows, BSD, Solaris, and macOS. It should run on every platform, which is supported by the GTK libraries. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Geany IDE text editor on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Spyder_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Spyder on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Spyder is a free and open-source scientific integrated development environment(IDE) written in Python. It features a unique combination of the advanced editing, analysis, debugging, and profiling functionality of a comprehensive development tool with the data exploration, interactive execution, deep inspection, and beautiful visualization capabilities of a scientific package. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Spyder IDE on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint. # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Create_Your_Own_VPN_With_WireGuard⠀⇛ There are a lot of commercial VPN providers available, but in many cases, setting up your own VPN is the best option. When you use a third-party VPN, your data is routed through their servers, meaning that we have no knowledge of what happens to our data on the back end. If you want to maintain your privacy, you should consider setting up your own VPN server using WireGuard. But why should you use WireGuard to set up a VPN? What actually is WireGuard? And how can you use it to create your own secure network? # ⚓ How_to_Install_Apache_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Apache, also known as Apache HTTP server, has been one of the most widely used web server applications globally for the past few decades. It is a free and open-source web application software maintained by the Apache Software Foundation. Apache provides some powerful features with dynamically loadable modules, easy integration with other software, and handling of static files, among other popular features. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Apache Web Server on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish using the command line terminal for desktop or server and basic configuration along with creating a TLS/SSL certificate with Let’s Encrypt. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu Pit ☛ 5_Best_Multiplayer_Games_for_Linux_You_Can Enjoy_With_Your_Friends⠀⇛ It is a matter of regret that most people have a negative idea about Linux gaming. Indeed, you cannot enjoy games like Witchers, God of War, Kingdom Come Deliverance, etc., on Linux as you do on your Xbox or Playstation. But there are many games available on Linux to compete with those games. Some of the best multiplayer games for Linux are like that. If you have never tried multiplayer games on Linux and wish to try some, please stick up to this article till the end. Here, we are sharing our experience of playing the best multiplayer games. Hopefully, here, you will get introduced to something that will change your thought on Linux gaming. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ xfce4-terminal_0.9.2_development_release⠀⇛ A new xfce4-terminal development release is here, and this time it is special. This version serves also as the release candidate for xfce4-terminal 1.0.0. If you want to help keep xfce4-terminal bug- free, this is the time to test and report any bugs you find! o § Distributions⠀➾ # § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Ish Sookun ☛ openSUSE_Leap_15.4_Beta_testing⠀⇛ I tested the Leap 15.4 Beta GNOME Desktop today on a Lenovo ThinkPad X250. The installation went through without any hiccup and I documented every step of the installation in a Twitter thread. One thing that I noticed was new in the installer is the icon to change the color theme during installation. This was not present when I tested the Leap 15.4 Alpha distribution. On the top-right corner of the installer there is a moon icon which can be clicked to select a different theme for the installer. Five themes are available which contain three dark and two light variants. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ openSUSE_Leap_15.4_Enters_Beta,_Offers Updated_Desktop_Environments⠀⇛ After openSUSE Leap 15.3 arrived last year, the openSUSE team is now preparing for the next minor version 15.4, which will release in June 2022. Along the same lines, the beta version of openSUSE Leap 15.4 has been released for the general public to download and test. Leap 15.4 Beta is based on the Jump concept that combines openSUSE Backports with binaries from SUSE Linux Enterprise. Even though it is technically a minor release, there are some significant changes worth noting along with some updates and improvements. # § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ An_Easy_Way_to_Get_Blurred_App_Windows on_Ubuntu_21.10_–_OMG!_Ubuntu!⠀⇛ I wrote about a patched version of Mutter that delivers one of the Linux desktop’s most-desired effects: translucent app windows with frosted blur effect, similar to the sort found on macOS and Windows 11. That method uses a project called Mutter Rounded, which provides a command line script that recompiles Mutter (a core system component) to ‘patch’ in a set of third-party code to add the blur support natively. While the process isn’t hard to get up and running —I did it 😅— it is a lot more “involved” than some are comfortable with. Thankfully there is an easier alternative. # ⚓ Ubuntu_vs_OpenSUSE._What_to_Choose?_–_Unix_/_Linux the_admins_Tutorials⠀⇛ Welcome again! Today we will have to compare Ubuntu vs OpenSUSE. Eventually, all system administrators and DevOps engineers always looking for a stable Linux distro that can justify their specific requirements. When choosing an operating systems things vary from situation to situation. Here we will consider different aspects while having a look, whether OpenSUSE is good for us one will do better in some specific cases. For example, let’s consider an example of sharing printer resources, which might be working smoothly with OpenSUSE but may face issues for driver support with another. But, there are possibilities that remote access will work better with one and may give hiccups while working with OpenSUSE. I would like to add here that the things I will be discussing here, are purely based upon my personal work experience, things may be different for the audience while working with both of the platforms. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ Top_5_Free_Apps_for_Automating_Tasks_on Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Police ☛ 5_best_VPN_apps_for_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ CNET ☛ How_to_Download_and_Install_the_Android_13 Developer_Preview_on_Google_Pixel_–_CNET⠀⇛ # ⚓ Beta News ☛ New_Kodi_19.4_for_Android_isn’t_available on_Google_Play_—_here’s_how_to_get_it⠀⇛ # ⚓ Screen Rant ☛ How_To_Set_Alarms_On_Android: Everything_You_Need_To_Know⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Authority ☛ 5_Android_apps_you_shouldn’t_miss this_week_–_Android_Apps_Weekly⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # § FSF⠀➾ # § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ GNU ☛ GNU_Health_–_News:_Welcome_to_GNU_Health HMIS_4.0!_[Savannah]⠀⇛ I am very proud to announce the release of series 4.0 from the GNU Health Hospital Management Information System (HMIS) component! Thanks to our community, GNU Health is now a leading Hospital Management Information System, with implementations in many countries around the world. The 4.0 series improves the navigation, introduces many more language teams, new packages and much better integration of evaluation, laboratory and Dx Imaging services. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Reproducible_Builds_in_February_2022_—_reproducible- builds.org⠀⇛ Welcome to the February 2022 report from the Reproducible Builds project. In these reports, we try to round-up the important things we and others have been up to over the past month. As ever, if you are interested in contributing to the project, please visit our Contribute page on our website. # ⚓ Rails_restricted_paths_validator_for_URL_slugs⠀⇛ When we move from model IDs to slugs, we have to pay attention to controller actions’ names collision. A while back, I wrote about the simplest method to implement slugs in Rails. While the implementation is easy, it’s not everything we have to pay attention to. Once we move from IDs to slugs, we need to make sure our users don’t choose slugs that would break the application. # ⚓ Thorsten_Alteholz:_My_Debian_Activities_in_February 2022⠀⇛ This month I accepted 484 and rejected 73 packages. The overall number of packages that got accepted was 495. The overall number of rejected packages was 76, which is about 15% of the uploads to NEW. While most of the maintainers do a great job when creating their debian/copyright, others are a bit lax. Unfortunately those people seem to be more enthusiastic when fighting for changes in NEW processing or even removing NEW. One argument in discussions about NEW is that the copyright verification of packages can be done by the community after accepting the packages in the archive. Last month I did not get any hint that such checks have been done by anybody. As the past already showed several times, this community based checks simply do not exist. So in the end poorly maintained copyright information will rot in the archive and I am not sure that this really corresponds with the Debian Social Contract. # § Perl/Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ Perl ☛ Cloud_Provider_Performance_Comparison_– Perl_&_more⠀⇛ Last year, impressed with the apparent speed of an M1 Mac Mini I bought to try out, I explored its perl performance and wrote about it in a blog post. I used mainly my own benchmarks which were mostly representative of workloads I was interested in. Recently, I did an evaluation of our Google Cloud setup at work and, after some tests, I noticed that instance types affected performance significantly and sometimes in a way quite different from what you’d expect based on their price. I packaged my benchmarks in a single suite and over the holidays I run them against various GCP types to see where the best performance and/or value is. After that, I got curious and expanded to include more cloud providers and decided to try and make as best a comparison as I could and write it up, both for my own future reference, and for anyone looking for the best performance or value for various workloads. As a bonus, I threw in Geekbench 5 for a non-perl perspective and the laptops I had at home as a comparison basis. Note that this became quite a long comparison as I found out various things, became curious and had to do more testing etc. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Irving_Wladawsky-Berger:_Getting_Ready_for_the_100-Year Life⠀⇛ “In the United States, demographers predict that as many as half of today’s 5-year-olds can expect to live to the age of 100,” said The New Map of Life, a recent report from the Stanford Center on Longevity. The cross-disciplinary Stanford Center was founded in 2007 to conduct research on the key issues associated with increased longevity, – from cognitive health to physical well-being and financial security, – with the aim to make long lives healthy and rewarding. While the 100-year life may be here, we’re not ready. “By the middle of this century, this once unattainable milestone may become the norm for newborns, continuing a remarkable trend that saw human life expectancies double between 1900 and 2000, and still rising in this century, despite the grievous toll of the Covid-19 pandemic,” notes the report. “Longevity is one of the greatest achievements in human history, brought about by reductions in infant mortality, advances in sanitation and medicine, public education, and rising standards of living. Yet the change came about so quickly that the social institutions, economic policies, and social norms that evolved when people lived for half as long are no longer up to the task.” According to the Stanford Center, there’s a clear distinction between aging and longevity. Aging is the biological process of getting older – the accumulation of changes in a human being over time. Longevity is “the measure of long life,” – the ways to enhance the quality of a long life “so that people experience a sense of belonging, purpose, and worth at all ages and stages.” ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2076 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_5/3/2022:_RPCS3_Has_New_Release,_Plan_9_Liberated⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:12 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ FOSSBytes ☛ StarBook_Mk_V_From_Star_Labs_Review:_Can_It Replace_Big_Names_In_The_Segment?⠀⇛ Star Labs is a UK-based company focused on delivering a premium Linux laptop experience. Star Labs was started in 2016 with the notion that no organizations were trying to create the “experience that macOS and Windows users had” for Linux users was a problem that had to be solved. Star Labs StarBook Mk V is one of their latest attempts to solve that problem. Starting out leveraging Clevo prebuilt systems, as most Linux targeting laptop vendors do, they realized after only a few iterations that the products were lacking compared to competing laptop vendors. Given that Linux can run on virtually anything, any laptop manufacturers were essentially direct competitors. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Steam_Deck_had_an_update_fixing_Steam_Cloud conflicts,_Steam_Input_improvements_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ With the Steam Deck now out in the wild, there’s a lot more people finding issues and so Valve are moving quickly to get as many quirks fixed as possible. A new system update rolled out late last night. # ⚓ Forbes ☛ Steam_Deck_Desktop_Mode_Challenge,_Day_0:_No Command_Line_Allowed⠀⇛ As is often the case for disruptive new consumer devices, there are several ways to categorize Valve’s Steam Deck. A gaming PC in a handheld form factor? Yes! An expensive but rugged Steam controller for gaming on an external display? Sure, that works. A Switch-like portable console? Absolutely! An impossibly affordable computer you can use as your everyday laptop or desktop PC? Well, that functionality is baked right in thanks to the Deck’s “Desktop Mode.” But the $399 question is this: is it just a novelty feature for edge cases, or is the Steam Deck truly viable as your daily driver PC for work, play, and everything in between? # ⚓ Release:_RPCS3_(PS3_Emulator)_0.0.21_–_Wololo.net⠀⇛ The folks behind RPCS3 have published a new release tag for the popular PS3 Emulator. There is no official changelog for this “release”, but since these tags are usually 3 months apart, you can expect significant changes since 0.0.20. It’s worth noting that RPCS3 actually gets a build for pretty much every commit, so these release tags are a bit “artificial” and it’s likely most users are already up to date, but a new release tag is a good opportunity to talk about RPCS3 o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ KDE ☛ Celebrate_Energy_Conservation_Day_With_KDE Eco⠀⇛ Of the challenges humanity faces in its struggle to power modern-day civilization, energy conservation is one of the more difficult to achieve. But it is also the most worthy of pursuing, as ultimately many of the current sources of energy we depend on are finite. That is why reducing the amount of energy we consume is a priority for KDE Eco. All KDE projects are Free Software, and Free Software entails transparency and user autonomy. The first has always provided users the opportunity to inspect and learn from how software runs; today, this transparency has been extended to include software’s energy consumption when in use. The second allows Free Software users to install what they need on the devices they want, bypassing unnecessary and battery-draining spyware and bloatware while extending the lifespan of their hardware. Both combined give KDE Eco and Free Software developers the means to develop energy-saving improvements for applications and frameworks, to continue support for otherwise unsupported devices, and deploy exactly what people want and need. o § Distributions⠀➾ # ⚓ Aviation Analysis ☛ Solaris_is_alive:_switch_to_constant updates_and_the_new_free_version⠀⇛ With the release of the new Solaris, Oracle wants to make the Unix operating system attractive to software developers and home users: the Common Building Environment (CBE) available to them free of charge. Otherwise it is based on the same version 11.4 as the commercial variant of the system originally developed by Sun Microsystems. However, the move entails another fundamental change in Solaris: Oracle says it’s saying goodbye to small and large releases, and future users will receive updates via Support Repository Updates (SRUs) and so-called small releases. The CBE version is a beta version of these updates. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ The_Raspberry_Pi_is_10/One_decade, 46_million_units:_Happy_birthday,_Raspberry_Pi⠀⇛ “We were already aware that it was going to be bigger than expected,” says Upton. “We had this idea of doing 1,000 or 10,000 or something… we had a couple of thousand units on order with our first contract manufacturer in China. “Around Christmas time, when we got the first beta boards back, we put an operating system [based on Debian] online… and it had 50,000 downloads. And all you could do was run it in QEMU (there was a QEMU config you could build that was similar enough to a Raspberry Pi). “50,000 people downloaded this really primitive operating system for a machine that you couldn’t buy!” he exclaims. And that was when realisation dawned that demand for the hardware would be far higher than a run of 1,000, 10,000 or even 100,000 units. Upton tells us that approximately 46 million units have been manufactured to date. Although getting hold of one in 2022 is a bit of challenge. More on that later. While the final iterations of those first Raspberry Pi computers, the Pi 1 Model A+ and B+, can still be purchased, for Upton it was the Raspberry Pi 2 that marked the biggest step change, despite the relatively short period before the 3 arrived in 2016. # ⚓ XDA ☛ The_original_Raspberry_Pi_PC_turns_10_years_old today⠀⇛ The original Raspberry Pi micro-computer was a smash hit, combining an open Linux-powered ARM system with a super-cheap price point (roughly $35). There have been many models since then, but now the tiny computer that started it all is 10 years old, as of today (February 28). Eben Upton, one of the founders of the Raspberry Pi Foundation, wrote in a blog post, “Almost exactly ten years ago today, thousands of you set your alarms, and woke on leap-day morning to discover that we’d started selling Raspberry Pi computers. By the time our all-volunteer team gathered in the pub that evening for celebratory drinks, our licensees Farnell and RS Components had taken over 100,000 orders (despite struggling to keep their websites online under the load); we had (briefly) out-trended Lady Gaga; and Raspberry Pi was on the road to becoming a little larger than we’d planned.” o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Plan_9_by_Nokia_Bell_Labs:_Now_Released_with_MIT Licensing⠀⇛ Forty years ago Bell Labs was a center of technology innovation. Researchers from Bell are credited with developing technologies like the transistor, the laser, the photovoltaic cell, and radio astronomy. In the area of software, Bell researchers created Unix and languages like C and C++. It has been roughly fifty years since Unix was first conceived and developed at Bell Labs for DEC PDP-11 computers. # § curl⠀➾ # ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ curl_7.82.0_Impartial_Content⠀⇛ Welcome to the 206th curl release, 59 days since we shipped curl 7.81.0. The extra three days because I was away on the day the release would normally have been done. (I call it Impartial Content as a little play on the HTTP 206 response code message.) # § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾ # ⚓ Business Wire ☛ Imply_Announces_Polaris,_a_Cloud Database_Service_for_Modern_Analytics_Applications; Plus,_Major_Expansion_for_Apache_Druid⠀⇛ -Imply, the company founded by the original creators of Apache Druid®, today unveiled at a virtual event the first milestone in Project Shapeshift, the 12-month initiative designed to solve the most pressing issues developers face when building analytics applications. The announcement includes a cloud database service built from Apache Druid and the private preview of a multi- stage query engine for Druid. Together, these innovations show how Imply delivers the most developer-friendly and capable database for analytics applications. # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Upgrade_Your_Software_Skills_with_the_University Libraries [Ed: Teaching people UNIX, Git, and R]⠀⇛ The real goal here isn’t to teach R, but to teach the basic concepts that all programming depends on. R in is used in this lesson because: something has to be used for examples; it’s free, well-documented and runs almost everywhere; it has a large and growing user base among scientists and it has a large library of external packages available for performing diverse tasks. # ⚓ New_tools_in_the_QML_LSP_collection:_qml-dap,_qml- dbg,_and_qml-lint [Ed: This is tagged "libre", but it's pushing Microsoft proprietary software]⠀⇛ While working on qml-lsp, I took a tangent to write a DAP implementation for QML. This ended up being a very long tangent, but it’s worth it: being able to debug QML without needing Qt Creator available. The DAP protocol is the debugger equivalent to LSP: it’s a cross-editor and cross-language protocol that allows debuggers to implement DAP and get support for a bunch of editors, and allows editors to implement DAP and get support for a bunch of debuggers. # § Java⠀➾ # ⚓ Creating_and_initializing_maps_in_Groovy_vs Java_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ I’ve recently explored some of the differences between Java and Groovy when creating and initializing lists and building lists at runtime. I observed the simple facilities provided by Groovy for these purposes in comparison to the complexity required in Java. In this article, I examine creating and initializing maps in Java and Groovy. Maps provide the ability to develop structures you can search by key. And if the key gets found, that returns the value associated with that key. Today, maps are implemented in many programming languages, including Java and Groovy, but also Python (where they are called dictionaries), Perl, awk, and many others. Another term commonly used to describe maps is associative arrays, which you can read about in this Wikipedia article. Java and Groovy maps are nicely general, permitting keys and values to be any classes that extend the Object class. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Intel_releases_vPro_Essentials_package_• The_Register⠀⇛ Intel has updated its vPro PC management platform, created a less capable edition, and brought the product to Chromebooks. The “vPro Essentials” package is aimed at SMEs and smaller IT services providers who want management tools for their PC fleets but lack the resources to tool up for enterprise-grade kit. The Essentials package is a subset of full vPro – which is now known as vPro Enterprise. At the time of writing, Intel had not provided The Register with a list of features omitted from the Essentials package. o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ GNOME,_Mono,_Xamarin_founder_Miguel de_Icaza_leaves_Microsoft [Ed: See the_comments, e.g.”Its been this way for a long time with Gnome and Mono. I have always suspected that Gnome failures as an UI is a trojan horse influence from the Embrace Extend Extinguish gang. Mono is attempts to undermine the security of linux and oss in general.” Or: “I still remember when a trivial note taking application (Tomboy) written in .NET was included in Gnome 2. Dragging in the *whole* of Mono. I ran a mile from Gnome then; I realised they were either incompetent or they were corrupt. I didn’t want to engage with them in either case.”]⠀⇛ Just months after Nat Friedman quit as CEO of Microsoft-owned GitHub, his Xamarin co- founder has also ejected from the Windows giant. Miguel De Icaza joined Microsoft when it acquired Xamarin in 2016, which marked the beginning of a change in Redmond’s mobile strategy. He has spoken to The Reg before about how different Microsoft is today from its notoriously FOSS-averse past. De Icaza has long been a pivotal figure in the areas of Linux and Linux-Microsoft interoperability. He was the original founder of the GNOME desktop project in 1997, along with Federico Mena. A couple of years later, he started Helix Code with Nat Friedman. Subsequently renamed Ximian, the company developed the GNOME email client Evolution and the Ximian Connector, which enabled Evolution to talk to Microsoft Exchange Server. Aside from GNOME apps and its own, more polished version of GNOME, Ximian also developed Mono, an open-source version of Microsoft’s .NET. Ximian got bought by Novell in 2003, and a few months later Novell also bought SUSE. # ⚓ Veritas_Releases_NetBackup_10,_Provides_the Foundation_for_Autonomous_Data_Management [Ed: Proprietary software but at least not Windows- focused]⠀⇛ Veritas Technologies, a provider of multi- cloud data management software, is releasing the latest version of NetBackup powered by Cloud Scale Technology, laying the foundation for Autonomous Data Management and multi- cloud data protection at scale. # § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Privatisation/Privateering⠀➾ # § Linux Foundation⠀➾ # ⚓ I Programmer ☛ Census_II_Lists Critical_Application_Libraries [Ed: So-called ‘security’ by_OpenSSF]⠀⇛ The Linux Foundation has announced the publication of “Census II of Free and Open Source Software – Application Libraries” which identifies more than one thousand of the most widely deployed open source application libraries found from scans of commercial and enterprise applications. The rationale is that this information can be used to decide which open source packages, components and projects warrant proactive operations and security support. # § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Hacker News ☛ New_Linux_Kernel_Cgroups Vulnerability_Could_Let_Attackers_Escape Container⠀⇛ Details have emerged about a now- patched high-severity vulnerability in the Linux kernel that could potentially be abused to escape a container in order to execute arbitrary commands on the container host. The shortcoming resides in a Linux kernel feature called control groups, also referred to as cgroups version 1 (v1), which allows processes to be organized into hierarchical groups, effectively making it possible to limit and monitor the usage of resources such as CPU, memory, disk I/O, and network. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Zero_trust?_Not_yet_a_must for_most_IT_departments [Ed: "Zero trust" as buzzwords mostly embraced by companies that don't deserve your trust, as they distract from real security]⠀⇛ The highest scoring category, with 30.9 per cent, was those who understood the concept but with only a modest level of knowledge, and not far behind on 24.9 per cent are those who are one step up and feel that they could have a stab at implementing it. Trailing in at the end we have the 10.5 per cent who’ve heard of ZT but don’t know much about it, 5.3 per cent who have a highly detailed knowledge and understanding, and 11.3 per cent who’ve some experience of using it. All of which means that fewer than a fifth – 17.2 per cent – have actually implemented ZT at all. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ The_zero-password_future can’t_come_soon_enough [Ed: Some more fake security with buzzwords to compensate for a alack of substance]⠀⇛ Passwords, long a weakness in the tapestry of defenses designed to keep enterprises and individuals more secure, continue to be a problem due in large part to the same issue that has haunted them for years: the users themselves. # ⚓ Top_10_Network_Traffic_Analysis_Tools_in_2022⠀⇛ # ⚓ Mental Floss ☛ The_20_Most_Commonly_Leaked Passwords_on_the_Dark_Web [Ed: Dark Web as in sites that are not accessible to everybody; one might accuse them of using a racist term (ask IBM)]⠀⇛ If you thought you were being extremely romantic by making all your online passwords “Iloveyou,” we’re sorry to say that you should probably be a little less basic in the future—when it comes to devising passwords, that is. # ⚓ Duo ☛ Q&A:_Mike_Hanley [Ed: Reminder that Microsoft GitHub hired a 15-year NSA veteran as its new security chief; so the_back_doors villains_of_the_world are now “in charge” of ‘security’ of millions of programs]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Critical_Vulnerabilities_Impact Widely_Used_Printed_Circuit_Board_File_Viewer⠀⇛ Security researchers with Cisco’s Talos division this week disclosed six critical-severity vulnerabilities affecting Gerbv, an open source file viewer for printed circuit board (PCB) designs. A native Linux application, Gerbv is found on many common UNIX platforms, with a Windows version available as well. Gerbv has been downloaded from SourceForge more than 1 million times. The software is designed for viewing file formats that display layers of circuit boards, including Excellon drill files, RS-274X Gerber files, and pick-n-place files, and can be used either as a standalone application, or as a library. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Conti_ransomware_gang’s source_code_leaked [Ed: Microsoft Windows being itself]⠀⇛ Infamous ransomware group Conti is now the target of cyberattacks in the wake of its announcement late last week that it fully supports Russia’s ongoing invasion of neighboring Ukraine, with the latest hit being the leaking of its source code for the public to see. This disclosure comes just days after an archive leaked containing more than a year’s worth of instant messages between members of Conti, believed to be based in Russia: we’re talking 400 files and tens of thousands of lines of internal chat logs written in Russian. The internal communication files include messages that run from January 2021 to February 27 of this year. # § Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt/Fear-mongering/ Dramatisation⠀➾ # ⚓ Brookings Institution ☛ How_to_prioritize the_improvement_of_open-source_software security [Ed: Shifting attention to the lesser issues [1, 2]]⠀⇛ Earlier this year, major technology companies, non- profits, and government agencies convened for an urgent meeting at the White House to discuss how best to address the security concerns posed by free and open- source software (FOSS)—software that is developed by a distributed community rather than a centralized company. For years, tech companies and security experts have made the case for greater investments in the security of the FOSS ecosystem, as it has become an increasingly important part of critical digital infrastructure. The importance of doing so was highlighted by the recent Log4Shell vulnerability in the log4j FOSS package. Deployed across a vast range of digital applications, log4j exposed a huge amount of software to a devastating security vulnerability and illustrated the urgent need to improve security in open-source software. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ The_Government_Wants_To_Sell_Your_Data_| #SaveOurPrivacy⠀⇛ We have sent our comments as part of the public consultation exercise for the Draft India Data Accessibility & Use Policy, 2022. Under the policy, the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology aims to enable interdepartmental data sharing as well as sale of public data to support the government’s economic goals. In light of the glaring privacy (& other) concerns arising from the policy, we have recommended an immediate recall. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ India_binned_made-in- Singapore_app_in_latest_round_of_China bans⠀⇛ India’s latest round of bans on Chinese apps has taken down a Singaporean company’s apps – and share price – reportedly leaving government officials asking some pointed questions. India has banned hundreds of apps the government alleges are controlled by Chinese companies, send data to China, or use infrastructure located in China. A new round of bans, announced on February 14, listed 54 more apps on grounds they endangered users’ privacy by sending data to servers in China. Some of those apps are owned and operated by Singaporean company SEA, which on the day of the new bans warned players of the popular game “Free Fire” that the software had been pulled by Indian app stores. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Fitbit_recalls_Ionic smartwatch_for_burning_fat_–_literally [Ed: Fools who think it's "smart" to be spied on are being burned, literally]⠀⇛ Fitbit recalled all models of its Ionic smartwatch on Tuesday after a small number of wearers were left with burns when the gadgets’ lithium-ion batteries overheated. Fitbit Ionic was made between 2017 and 2020 and comes in a variety of colors, including burnt orange, charcoal, and smoke gray. On top of monitoring things like heart rate and sleep, the Ionic supported contactless payments, provided guidance to stay fit and healthy, and it boasted of a four-day battery life, longer than most smartwatches of the time. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Details_of_’120,000_Russian_soldiers’ leaked_by_Ukrainian_media⠀⇛ Ukrainian news website Ukrainska Pravda says the nation’s Centre for Defence Strategies think tank has obtained the personal details of 120,000 Russian servicemen fighting in Ukraine. The publication has now shared this data freely on its website. The Register and others have been unable to fully verify the accuracy of the data from the leak. The records include what appears to be names, addresses, passport numbers, unit names, and phone numbers. Some open source intelligence researchers on Twitter said they found positive matches, as did sources who spoke confidentially to El Reg; others said they couldn’t verify dip-sampled data. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Ukrainian_tech_leaders_defiant_in_the_face of_Russian_onslaught [Ed; During war you realise how much you really need Free software; proprietary software is a weapon used against you]⠀⇛ A few employees of VRnetio OU, a developer of virtual software for the real estate industry, spent last weekend filling empty bottles with gasoline for use as Molotov cocktails. “It would demoralize our army if businesspeople started to run away,” said Chief Executive Artem Batogovsky. “We need to be strong, be together and show that we support them.” Batogovsky was speaking to a reporter over a Zoom call at 1 a.m. local time on Tuesday as bombs exploded in the distance. His Kyiv, Ukraine-based operation was still up and running at the time, although “real estate [sales] in Kyiv have stopped because no one is looking,” he said. “All real estate companies here are bunkered right now.” o § Environment⠀➾ # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Research_casts_doubt_on_energy efficiency_of_5G [Ed: So now the 5G_patent_cartel may need to start some greenwashing PR campaign]⠀⇛ Modern 5G network infrastructure is more power efficient than prior generations but the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions (CREDS) says it isn’t clear if this will deliver a cut in overall energy consumption, or whether consumption may in fact rise. While 5G is sold as a technology that has the potential to greatly improve the energy efficiency of mobile networks, a new paper from researchers at CREDS says the evidence behind these oft-cited claims is somewhat lacking and does not take everything into account. In fact, CREDS told The Register the energy consumption of mobile networks in the 5G era remains uncertain because publicly available evidence lacks peer-reviewed assessments, and there isn’t much disclosure of key assumptions that would enable scrutiny and comparison of claims regarding power usage. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ IMF ☛ Zimbabwe:_Technical_Assistance_Report-Basel_Pillar III_Implementation⠀⇛ As a follow-up to the 2019 FSSR, a remote TA mission supported the RBZ with the implementation of Basel III liquidity standards. The mission reviewed the RBZ drafts of the LCR and NSFR frameworks, discussed identified material gaps with the BSD management and relevant supervisors, and provided many recommendations on enhancing the drafts of liquidity regulations, monitoring tools, reporting templates, and disclosure. Further actions for implementing Basel III liquidity standards were agreed with the RBZ. # ⚓ NewYorkTimes ☛ Vladimir_Potanin,_Russian_Oligarch,_Steps Down_as_Guggenheim_Trustee [Ed: Why don't American oligarchs and Epstein associates like Bill Gates also step down? Does only Russia have disgraced oligarchs? In the US they are "job creates" and "philanthropists"?]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Indonesian_meat_traders_go_on_strike,_protesting_high cattle_and_beef_prices⠀⇛ On February 25 the Jakarta press reported that the Indonesian Meat Slaughter and Traders Network (JAPPDI) members would be going on strike in the Greater Jakarta area from February 28 until March 4 in protest against the high price of cattle and beef supplies. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ The Wall Street Journal ☛ Why_Age_Verification_Is_So Difficult_for_Websites⠀⇛ As parents, lawmakers and activists push for stronger rules to keep children off websites meant for adults, the question of how to verify age online has taken on new urgency. More sites are asking users to certify they are over 18, and companies are rolling out innovations aimed at better age checks. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ ICANN_responds_to_Ukraine_demand_to delete_all_Russian_domains⠀⇛ ICANN on Wednesday rebuffed a request from Mykhailo Fedorov, First Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine, to revoke all Russian web domains, shut down Russian DNS root servers, and invalidate associated TLS/SSL certificates in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Fedorov made his request because Russia’s assault has been “made possible mainly due to Russia propaganda machinery using websites continuously spreading disinformation, hate speech, promoting violence and hiding the truth about the war in Ukraine.” In a publicly posted reply [PDF], Göran Marby, CEO of ICANN, said his organization is an independent technical body charged with overseeing the global internet’s DNS and unique identifiers and must maintain neutrality. “ICANN is a facilitator of the security, stability, and resiliency of these identifiers with the objective of a single, global, interoperable Internet,” said Marby. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Demon_Internet_founder_Cliff_Stanford dies_•_The_Register⠀⇛ British internet pioneer Cliff Stanford, founder of Demon Internet, died last week. Stanford also set up Redbus Investments, which put money into a number of projects including co- location and data centre facilities (Redbus Interhouse) and an early online film service (Redbus Films), and was a well-known chess enthusiast and supporter of the sport. He was also involved in the London Internet Exchange, and the Internet Watch Foundation. However, it is as the founder of Demon Internet that he found fame and fortune, as the many Britons who once had an email address which ended in “demon.co.uk” will attest. He was always an entrepreneur. As a child he had a paper round in his native Southend. In a bid to increase sales one of the papers offered a promotion to the kids delivering papers: whoever got the most subscriptions would win a bicycle. Cliff worked out that the cost of taking out a few subscriptions himself would win him the prize. He did this, sold the bike, and cancelled the subscriptions. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Big_Tech’s_influence_in_Ukraine_is_overhyped [Ed: saying “big tech” to_help_Microsoft]⠀⇛ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3076 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.05.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_5/3/2022:_XScreenSaver_6.03_and_KDE_Progress⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 4:56 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Distributions o Devices/Embedded * Free_Software/Open_Source * Leftovers * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Oracle_creates_new_form_of_free_Solaris_• The_Register⠀⇛ Oracle has created an additional version of the Solaris operating system it acquired in 2009, when it bought Sun Microsystems. The new cut of the OS is called a Common Build Environment (CBE). As explained by Oracle senior software engineer Darren Moffat this week, a CBE is akin to a beta because it includes prerelease builds of a forthcoming Solaris release. Those releases are called Support Repository Updates (SRUs) and now arrive each month. Any security fixes delivered in Oracle’s quarterly Critical Patch Updates (CPUs) are delivered in SRUs. All SRUs apply to Solaris 11.4 – the current and probably last version of the OS. Oracle’s license for Solaris already permits free use for test and development, or personal use. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu Pit ☛ Motrix:_A_Free_and_Open-source_Download Manager_for_Linux⠀⇛ Downloading a file was once a very boring and unpleasant task. Nowadays, users are blessed with lots of download managers to use on Linux. When you will download something and want to manage them proficiently, a download manager will be your best helping hand. However, recently, I have used an open source and effective download manager for Linux. It is Motrix. Motrix comes with a lot of useful features, and while using this app, I have found some surprising facts in it. That’s why I planned to write about it so that people who are looking for an efficient download manager can learn about it. Let’s start with a proper introduction to Motrix. And then, I will continue disclosing every single fact of this application. # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ I_Tested_The_New_Maui_Shell_On_My_Linux_Phone. Here’s_What_I_Found!_–_It’s_FOSS_News⠀⇛ Just over a month ago, we got our first glimpse of Maui Shell. Developed by the team at Nitrux Linux, I was quite impressed with its smooth visuals, and especially its convergence features. At the same time, I concluded my year of daily driving the PinePhone, which meant that it was free to experiment on again. As a result, I soon found myself installing Maui Shell, which I spent quite a few hours testing. Here’s what I found! # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Alternatives_to Apple_KeyNote⠀⇛ KeyNote is a presentation software application developed as a part of the iWork productivity suite. There’s a lot going for KeyNote, it’s a simple, elegant tool for creating high quality presentations. But it’s proprietary software that’s not available for Linux. What are the best free and open source alternatives? # ⚓ Jamie Zawinski ☛ XScreenSaver_6.03_out_now⠀⇛ And on X11, by popular demand, holding down backspace in the password entry field will clear it. For some reason the XInput2 extension does not send keyboard auto-repeat events, so I had to special case this in the client, like an animal. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ uni Toronto ☛ Understanding_a_thing_with_ZFS_on_Linux, kernel_versions,_RPMs,_and_DKMS⠀⇛ I use ZFS on Linux on my office and home Fedora desktops. It’s installed with RPM packages using the ‘zfs-dkms’ option, where the ZoL RPMs install a DKMS module that DKMS then builds for whatever kernels. The advantage of the DKMS approach is that I don’t need to somehow pre-build new kernel module RPMs before I upgrade my kernel; instead DKMS rebuilds things automatically. Recently I went to install a Fedora kernel upgrade to 5.16.11 and as part of the upgrade DNF said it was going to remove the ‘zfs’ and ‘zfs-dkms’ RPMs as incompatible. Of course I said no to that, and when I looked at the ‘META’ source file that controls kernel version compatibility (among other things) I saw that ZoL currently only supports up to 5.15. # ⚓ On_overwriting_disks⠀⇛ When overwriting disks with little storage capacity, the lack of progress bar isn’t a pressing issue because the operation doesn’t take a long time. For larger disks, an ETA proves invaluable. I like pv for this task. # ⚓ Why_self-host/use_FLOSS?⠀⇛ People often don’t understand why I choose to be my own provider and use libre software, or why I won’t (re)install Windows or macOS for someone.1 Allow me to explain my reasoning/proselytize. Libre software has these benefits among others: [...] # ⚓ Nftables_–_Demystifying_IPsec_expressions⠀⇛ In this article I like to take a look at the expressions provided by Nftables for matching IPsec-related network packets. The common situation is that you need to distinguish packets from normal traffic, which either have been received through a VPN tunnel and already have been decrypted or packets which are to be sent out on a VPN tunnel, but have not been encrypted yet. Those kind of packets can be matched by these expressions within packet filtering rules. I’ll explain how these expressions work, what they use as back-end, what their limitations are and how you can use them to get your intended behavior. Further, I take a short glimpse at the Iptables equivalent of these expressions. # ⚓ Infinite_loop_ssh_Using_sleep,_ssh⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Install_Spotify_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Spotify is a digital music streaming service with both free and paid features. It is the world’s largest music streaming service provider, with over 381 million monthly active users, including 172 million paying subscribers, as of September 2021. Spotify can give you instant access to a vast online library of music and podcasts, which is very popular as you can listen to the content of your choice whenever you feel like it. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Spotify on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish using the official Spotify repository or alternative snap and flatpak installation managers. # ⚓ How_to_Install_Gedit_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Gedit is the default text editor and part of the GNOME Core Applications that are installed generally as part of the GNOME Desktop Environment on various Linux systems. The text editor is designed to be a general-purpose lightweight editor with a clean, simple GUI similar to the notepad application from Windows. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Gedit on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish using the Ubuntu default repository or alternative snap and flatpak installation managers. # ⚓ Install_i3_Windows_Manager_on_Ubuntu_22.04_– kifarunix.com⠀⇛ Welcome to our tutorial on how to install i3 windows manager on Ubuntu 22.04. i3 is a tiling window manager for X11. “A tiling window manager is a window manager with an organization of the screen into mutually non-overlapping frames, as opposed to the more popular approach of coordinate-based stacking of overlapping objects (windows) that tries to fully emulate the desktop metaphor.” # ⚓ How_to_Install_Brasero_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Brasero is a free and open-source disc-burning program for Unix-like systems that comes with various features for burning your data, audio, or video discs. Brasero serves as a graphical front- end to cdrtools, cdrskin, growisofs, and libburn and is efficient and straightforward for users to use by keeping things simple. In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install Brasero on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish disc-burning utility software using the APT package manager. # ⚓ How_to_fix_worker_connections_are_not_enough_error_on Nginx⠀⇛ Nginx is very popular as a web server, but as always, it is not perfect and can give us some errors. Today, in this post, you will learn how to fix worker connections are not enough error on Nginx. So, you can avoid a headache while managing a server. Let’s go for it. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_PowerShell_on_Manjaro_21⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install PowerShell on Manjaro 21. For those of you who didn’t know, PowerShell is a cross-platform task automation solution made up of a command-line shell, a scripting language, and a configuration management framework. PowerShell runs on Windows, Linux, and macOS. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step-by- step installation of the Microsoft PowerShell on a Manjaro 21 (Ornara). o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ This_week_in_KDE:_Firmware_security_page⠀⇛ Unfortunately we didn’t get any 15-minute bugs fixed this week, and overall activity was lower than usual. I suspect at least part of the reason is fallout from the ongoing war in Ukraine, which has affected several prominent Ukrainian KDE contributors and also cut off Russian contributors from many of their usual internet resources. Some humanitarian aid and media organizations that you can donate to may be found here. Let us all hope for peace, and remain united in our pursuit to build the finest and most humane software. Nevertheless, back in KDE land we did accomplish quite a bit, including a fancy new “Firmware Security” page in Info Center! # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ 10_Awesome_Apps_to_Improve_Your_GNOME_Desktop Experience_[Part_5]⠀⇛ We showcase the next set of 10 GNOME Apps that will supercharge your productivity while using GNOME Desktop. o § Distributions⠀➾ # § Debian/Rockchip⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Firefly_is_working_on_a_Rockchip RK3588_Mini-ITX_motherboard_(ITX3588J)_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ After Radxa ROCK5 Pico-ITX SBC and Banana Pi RK3588 SoM and devkit, Firefly ITX3588J mini- ITX motherboard is the third hardware platform we’ve seen with Rockchip RK3588 octa-core Cortex-A76/A55 processor. The board will be interesting to people wanting an Arm PC or workstation as the mini- ITX form factor will allow the board to be fitted to a standard enclosure, and there’s plenty of resources and I/Os with up to 32GB RAM, four SATA ports, multiple 8K/4K video outputs and inputs, dual Gigabit Ethernet, WiFI 6 and Bluetooth 5.0, a PCIe 3.0 x4 slot, and more. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Are_Apple_Trying_To_Patent_The_Home_Computer_45 Years_Too_Late?⠀⇛ In our recent piece marking the 10th anniversary of the Raspberry Pi, we praised their all-in-one Raspberry Pi 400 computer for having so far succeeded in attracting no competing products. It seems that assessment might be premature, because it emerges that Apple have filed a patent application for “A computer in an input device” that looks very much like the Pi 400. In fact we’d go further than that, it looks very much like any of a number of classic home computers from back in the day, to the extent that we’re left wondering what exactly Apple think is novel enough to patent. # § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Phone Arena ☛ Is_Google_testing_the_return_of_an iconic_Android_icon_or_was_its_appearance_just_a_bug?_– PhoneArena⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Vengeance_RPG,_more_– 9to5Toys⠀⇛ # ⚓ Forbes ☛ Android_Circuit:_Samsung’s_Galaxy_S22 Secrets,_Honor’s_Premium_Performance,_Android’s Brighter_Future⠀⇛ # ⚓ India ☛ How_To_Stay_Safe_Online_And_Use_Android_12 Privacy_Dashboard_Feature⠀⇛ o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ # § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Avoiding_Source_Code_Spoofing⠀⇛ The problems here are not solely a security issue: text with different writing directions or confusable characters can be hard to work with. Finding a solution here is important from both security and usability points of view. Developers of source code editors or compilers should not be required to have a deep knowledge of Unicode to provide good user experience and robust security mitigations. # ⚓ Tom MacWright ☛ Using_files_with_browsers,_in reality⠀⇛ This is a post about new APIs that browsers have to read & write files, and how I’m using them in Placemark. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ uni Toronto ☛ A_Python_program_can_be_outside of_a_virtual_environment_it_uses⠀⇛ A while ago I wrote about installing modules to a custom location, and in that entry one reason I said for not doing this with a virtual environment was that I didn’t want to put the program involved into a virtual environment just to use some Python modules. Recently I realized that you don’t have to, because of how virtual environments add themselves to sys.path. As long as you run your program using the virtual environment’s Python, it gets to use all the modules you installed in the venv. It doesn’t matter where the program is and you don’t have to move it from its current location, you just have to change what ‘python’ it uses. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Antidote_to_Terror:_Art-making_at_the_End_of_the World⠀⇛ The answer is no, we can’t. Not, that is, until we free ourselves individually from the inner compulsion to replicate the old order that, although we can criticize it, even rebel against it,  will never allow us to defend the more inclusive, in-common good.  The in-common good, nice as it sounds, is death to our “first world,” centralized, technology-dependent, anti-social way of life. Although the “first world” crisis is for-real – i.e., either our needs change (i.e., our way of life) or we lose the  future –  our  reality, a media-fed bubble, effectively prevents awareness of real crisis, at the same time keeping us fixated on  “the spectacle.”  The only way this death trance can be broken is voluntarily, by following the path of individual delight, desire, “bliss,”  which is the path of art-making, of “being your own work of art” as if this were one’s duty which, metaphysically speaking, it is!   For this reason, like kindness, dignity, justice, and communality, art-making is not optional for social human beings.  Though prized for its expression of individuality, though we look to the great ones –  o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Glassblowing_For_The_Lab⠀⇛ There was a time when ordering some glassware from a distributor meant making a sizable minimum order, sending a check in the mail and waiting weeks for a box full of — hopefully intact — glassware to arrive. In those days, blowing your own glassware from glass tubes was fairly common and [Wheeler Scientific] has been doing a series on just how to do that. Even if you aren’t interested in building a chemistry lab, you might find the latest episode on making a gas discharge tube worth a watch. There are several videos and you can see a few of them below. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Automated_Chess_Board_Plays_You⠀⇛ If you’ve ever played chess or even checkers, you’ve probably thought about making a board that lets a computer play you without having to enter your moves and look at the board on a screen. [Greg06] not only thought about it, but he built it. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Hydrofoils_Love_This_One_Simple_Trick⠀⇛ Earlier in the year, [rctestflight] created an active hydrofoil RC craft but found the actual performance very lacking. Luckily for him and for us, he continued to tweak it and one tweak suddenly turned it from a nightmare to a dream. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Al_Williams_Tells_All_In_The_Logic_Simulation Hack_Chat⠀⇛ The list of requirements for hosting one of our weekly Hack Chats is pretty short: you’ve got to be knowledgeable, passionate, and above all else, willing to put those two quantities on display for a group of like-minded strangers. Beyond that, we’re not too picky. From industry insider to weekend hobbyist, high school dropout to double doctorate, if you’ve got something interesting to talk about, we’re ready to listen. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Hackaday_Podcast_158:_Phased_Array_Physics,_CRTs Two_Ways,_A_Micro_Microcontroller,_And_A_Surgically_Implanted Red_Herring⠀⇛ Join Editor-in-Chief Elliot Williams and Staff Writer Dan Maloney as they take a look at the week’s top stories, taken straight off the pages of Hackaday. What happens when you stuff modern parts into a 90’s novelty PC case? Nothing good, but everything awesome! Is there any way to prevent PCB soil moisture sensors from being destroyed by, you know, soil moisture? How small is too small for a microcontroller, and who needs documentation anyway? We also cast a jaundiced eye — err, ear — at an electronic cheating scandal, and if you’ve ever wondered how phased arrays and beam steering work, gazing into a pan of water might just answer your questions. We also share all our soldering war stories, and hey — what’s with all these CRT projects anyway? o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Orac ☛ “Debate”_and_“censorship”_vs._quality_control⠀⇛ About a month ago, I wrote about how COVID-19 minimizers, deniers, cranks, antivaxxers, and grifters had been ramping up their demands for “debates” about COVID-19. Of course, I’ve long been pointing out how a favorite tactic of such cranks is to challenge a scientist or science advocate to a “live public debate” about the topic in question, whether it be the claim that vaccines cause autism  (they don’t), whether HIV causes AIDS (it does), regarding “integrative medicine” or “complementary and alternative medicine” (CAM), or antivaxxers trying to trap me. Longtime readers know why quacks, cranks, pseudoscience-promoters, and conspiracy theorists almost always have a near- insurmountable advantage in these debates—”Gish gallop” anyone? —but, as I explain every time, there are other reasons why science deniers gravitate towards this particular tactic. Sometimes the motivations are dishonest, but more often they are not, being based instead on the false idea that such “debates” are a fair and democratic method to settle a question, whether there is a real scientific debate or not. (Almost always, there is not.) o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾ # § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Why_the_Steam_Deck_might_be_too_“open”_for_Fortnite and_Destiny_2_|_Ars_Technica⠀⇛ In our recent review of the Steam Deck portable console from Valve, we noted that continued updates to the company’s Proton compatibility layer would help many games designed for Windows run well on the system’s Linux-based SteamOS. For a handful of popular online multiplayer games, though, inherent limitations to anti-cheat support on Linux may prevent compatibility with SteamOS (and the vanilla Steam Deck) indefinitely. That certainly seems to be the case for Destiny 2. In a recent update to the game’s help page, developer Bungie notes that “Destiny 2 is not supported for play on the Steam Deck or on any system utilizing Steam Play’s Proton unless Windows is installed and running.” Since Windows installation is currently not an option on the Steam Deck (due to some lingering driver issues), Destiny 2 players are simply left out of the Steam Deck party for the time being. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ This_Week_In_Security:_Ukraine,_Nvidia, And_Conti [Ed: Proprietary software gets you cracked.]⠀⇛ The geopolitics surrounding the invasion of Ukraine are outside the scope of this column, but the cybersecurity ramifications are certainly fitting fodder. The challenge here is that almost everything of note that has happened in the last week has been initially linked to the conflict, but in several cases, the reported link hasn’t withstood scrutiny. We do know that the Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine put out a call on Twitter for “cyber specialists” to go after a list of Russian businesses and state agencies. Many of the sites on the list did go down for some time, the digital equivalent of tearing down a poster. In response, the largest Russian ISP stopped announcing BGP routes to some of the targeted sites, effectively ending any attacks against them from the outside. # ⚓ Krebs On Security ☛ Conti_Ransomware_Group_Diaries, Part_III:_Weaponry⠀⇛ Part I of this series examined newly-leaked internal chats from the Conti ransomware group, and how the crime gang dealt with its own internal breaches. Part II explored what it’s like to be an employee of Conti’s sprawling organization. Today’s Part III looks at how Conti abused popular commercial security services to undermine the security of their targets, as well as how the team’s leaders strategized for the upper hand in ransom negotiations with victims. # § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ PIA ☛ Interview_With_Chris_Mayers_– Citrix⠀⇛ Chris Mayers: It’s a workout for the brain. Every day is different, and there’s a huge span of issues: from the technical detail of cryptography at one end, to business strategy at the other. And quite often, you’re dealing with both in the same day: macOS security configuration in the morning, and business risk analysis in the afternoon. # ⚓ NYOB ☛ Many_more_Cookie_Banners_to_go: Second_Wave_of_Complaints_underway⠀⇛ This week, noyb launched the second round of its action against deceptive cookie banners, following a first batch in May 2021. Another 270 draft complaints were sent to website operators whose banners don’t comply with the GPDR. noyb offers guidelines for companies on how to comply and only files formal GDPR complaints against those who remain non-compliant after a 60- day grace period. The first wave has already proven to be successful: As a reaction to our first batch in 2021, more and more websites have implemented compliant banners. In an obvious “spill over” effect, even websites that were not targeted by noyb have changed for the better. # ⚓ EU_Actions_Must_Match_Words_As_DSA Negotiations_Enter_Endgame⠀⇛ Another critical proposal made by MEPs is to strengthen Article 24, which regulates targeted online advertising. The current online advertising industry is built around harvesting people’s personal data, like age, location, religion, political leanings, and even sexual orientation, in order to tailor advertisements to each user. Most often, people do not knowingly consent to this data harvesting, making it a clear violation of their privacy and the General Data Protection Regulation. # ⚓ EDRI ☛ Open_Letter:_Abolish_manipulative dark_patterns_and_creepy_online_ads,_ask_72 civil_society_organisations⠀⇛ Ahead of the upcoming Digital Services Act (DSA) trilogue meeting on 15 March, EDRi, Liberties and Amnesty International and 69 other civil society organisations have sent a joint open letter to 20 ministers and state secretaries in 9 EU Member States. On Tuesday 1.03.2022, several organisations in the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Luxembourg, Austria, Croatia delivered the letter to relevant decisionmakers responsible for their country’s position in the EU negotiations. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Fire_Is_Out_at_Nuclear_Plant_Seized_by_Russian Forces,_Officials_Watch_for_Leaks⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Supreme_Court_Reinstates_Boston_Marathon Bomber’s_Death_Penalty_Sentence⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Biden,_EU_Urged_to_Welcome_‘All_People Fleeing_Violence,_Persecution,_and_War’⠀⇛ Human rights activists on Thursday celebrated moves by the Biden administration and Council of the European Union to protect Ukrainians fleeing Russian President Vladimir Putin’s deadly invasion of their country—but advocacy groups also highlighted that rich nations have failed to offer the same hospitality to people from other conflict zones seeking safety. “By restricting that assistance principally to Ukrainians fleeing conflict, the council has… exposed the limitations of Europe’s solidarity.” # ⚓ The Dissenter ☛ State_Secrets_Ruling_By_US_Supreme_Court Helps_CIA_Conceal_Torture_At_Black_Site_Prison⠀⇛ This article was funded by paid subscribers of The Dissenter Newsletter. Take 25 percent off and become a monthly subscriber.The “state secrets privilege” stems from a 1953 case known as United States v. Reynolds, where the government essentially lied and claimed if relatives of victims of a military plane crash were informed of how their loved ones died it would compromise “secrets.” U.S. Air Force documents declassified decades later showed accident reports and witness statements contained no secrets, and victims’ families were wrongly deprived of their day in court. Yet more than a half century after the Reynolds case, the U.S. Supreme Court continues to expand the state secrets privilege and help U.S. military and national security agencies conceal their crimes and abuses of power. On March 4, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled [PDF] the FBI may invoke the state secrets privilege to prevent the disclosure of information on the illegal surveillance of Muslims. The Supreme Court ruled the day before that the CIA may invoke the state secrets privilege and conceal information related to the torture of Abu Zubaydah, even though key details are already in the public domain. Justice Stephen Breyer, who is retiring from the Supreme Court, authored the 7-2 opinion [PDF]. “We conclude that in this case the state secrets privilege applies to the existence (or nonexistence) of a CIA facility in Poland,” Breyer declared. “We agree with the government that sometimes information that has entered the public domain may nonetheless fall within the scope of the state secrets privilege.”Breyer contended the CIA provided a “reasonable explanation” of why James Mitchell and Bruce Jessen, two architects of the CIA torture program, should not be permitted to confirm or deny the information Zubaydah seeks because it could “significantly harm national security interests, even if that information has already been made public through unofficial sources.” Zubaydah remains in indefinite detention at the Guantanamo Bay military prison. He was the first detainee subjected to what the CIA described as “enhanced interrogation techniques.” The Supreme Court recognized that he was tortured. Despite the Senate intelligence committee report on CIA torture, testimony from Mitchell and Jessen, Mitchell’s memoir, and findings from the European Court of Human Rights, Breyer maintained, “The CIA itself has never confirmed that one or more of its clandestine detention sites was located in any specific foreign country.”“Neither, as far as we can tell from the record, have the contractors Mitchell and Jessen named the specific foreign countries in which CIA detention sites were located.” “Although at least one former Polish government official has stated that Poland cooperated with the CIA, to our knowledge, the Polish government itself has never confirmed such allegations,” Breyer added. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Trump_Just_Endorsed_an_Oath_Keeper’s_Plan_to Seize_Control_of_the_GOP⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ January_6_Committee_to_Start_Public,_Likely Televised,_Hearings_Next_Month⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ “Let_Them_Kill_as_Many_as_Possible”:_United States_Policy_Toward_Russia_and_its_Neighbors⠀⇛ A February 25 op-ed in The Los Angeles Times by Jeff Rogg, “The CIA has backed Ukrainian insurgents before- Let’s learn from those mistakes,” cites a CIA program to train Ukrainian nationalists as insurgents to fight the Russians that began in 2015 and compares it with a similar effort by Truman’s CIA in Ukraine that began in 1949. By 1950, one year in, “U.S. officers involved in the program knew they were fighting a losing battle…In the first U.S.-backed insurgency, according to top secret documents later declassified, American officials intended to use the Ukrainians as a proxy force to bleed the Soviet Union.” This op-ed cites John Ranelagh, a historian of the CIA, who argued that the program “demonstrated a cold ruthlessness” because the Ukrainian resistance had no hope of success, and so “America was in effect encouraging Ukrainians to go to their deaths.” The “Truman Doctrine” of arming and training insurgents as proxy forces to bleed Russia to the peril of the local populations that it was purporting to defend was used effectively in Afghanistan in the 1970s and ‘80s, a program so effective, some of its authors have boasted, that it helped bring down the Soviet Union a decade later. In a 1998 interview, President Jimmy Carter’s National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski explained, “According to the official version of history, CIA aid to the Mujaheddin began during 1980, that is to say, after the Soviet army invaded Afghanistan on December 24, 1979. But the reality, closely guarded until now, is completely otherwise: Indeed, it was July 3, 1979 that President Carter signed the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul. And that very day, I wrote a note to the president in which I explained to him that in my opinion this aid was going to induce a Soviet military intervention… We didn’t push the Russians to intervene, but we knowingly increased the probability that they would.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Mad_Man_Theory_May_Have_Its_Mad_Man⠀⇛ Ironically, Daniel Ellsberg, who famously leaked the Pentagon Papers to stop the Vietnam War, introduced the theory in his lectures in 1959 to Henry Kissinger’s Harvard seminar on the conscious political use of irrational military threats.  Ellsberg, who started out as a Cold Warrior, called the theory the “political uses of madness,” arguing that any extreme threat would be more credible if the person making the threat were perceived as not being fully rational.  Ellsberg never imagined that an American president would ever consider such a strategy, but he believed that irrational behavior could be a useful negotiating tool. Ten years later, Kissinger, who became Nixon’s national security adviser, stated that he “learned more from Ellsberg than any other person about bargaining.”  In “Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy,” he advocated a “strategy of ambiguity” in discussing the use of tactical nuclear weapons, and presumably believed that the “madman theory” related to his belief that power wasn’t power unless one was willing to use.  During the October War in 1973, Kissinger chaired a meeting of the National Security Council that raised the alert status of U.S. nuclear forces in order to signal the Soviets that they should not intervene unilaterally in Egypt to stop Israeli violations of the cease fire. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Biden_Urged_to_Prevent_‘Catastrophe’_by Reversing_Seizure_of_Afghan_Funds⠀⇛ A coalition of more than 80 humanitarian groups implored U.S. President Joe Biden this week to revoke his executive order that would permanently seize $7 billion in frozen Afghan central bank assets and split the money between the families of 9/11 victims and an ill-defined trust fund ostensibly formed to benefit the people of Afghanistan. “We call on the administration to rescind the order and take immediate steps to alleviate the pain and suffering in Afghanistan.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Russia_Accused_of_‘Nuclear_Terror’_After Fire_at_Zaporizhzhia_Power_Plant⠀⇛ Russian forces reportedly seized control of a Ukrainian nuclear power plant on Friday shortly after a fire broke out at the facility, intensifying global fears of a massive and unprecedented radioactive disaster. “Fallout doesn’t respect borders. This would be an international war crime by Putin.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ An_Antiwar_Primer⠀⇛ In October 1969, I attended my first protest against war. I was a fourteen year old high school freshman attending a small Catholic school in the DC suburbs. Some of the nuns who taught at the school had organized a teach-in together with some juniors and seniors at the school. After some speeches for and against the war followed by discussion, some of us followed the antiwar nuns and upper classmen and women to a corner a couple blocks from the school. We joined a small vigil for peace there. The other attendees included college students and some townspeople. We held signs, flashed peace signs, and listened to the names of the US war dead being read. The reaction from the cars driving by was mostly apathetic. Some people called us commies and gave us the finger and some flashed peace signs, but most tried not to look. The protest was part of the first National Moratorium Day that year. My protesting against the US war on the Vietnamese continued all the way up to the day Saigon became Ho Chi Minh City in May 1975. This included numerous protests in Frankfurt am Main, Germany called by antiwar students and groups there and a couple smaller protests in Manhattan when I lived there for a few months. The latter were smaller because Nixon had removed almost all of the US combat troops from the country and Kissinger had signed a peace agreement. History tells us the war continued for two more years with major US funding and bombardment. As the years went on since my first protest my politics became more radical. I gained an understanding of imperialism and applied that understanding to what I saw in the world. When the Vietnamese finally won in Vietnam, I took a breather. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_War-Profiteering_Gangsters_Will_Kill_Us All_Unless_We_Unite_Against_Them⠀⇛ It should come as no surprise that its autocratic, and possibly unhinged leader, Vladimir Putin, has no more respect for the UN Charter and international law than recent presidents of the United States or prime ministers of England have had. (For example, remember George W. Bush and Tony Blair during the Iraq invasion.) I, on the other hand, do care about international law and the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and can unequivocally state that if I had been eligible to vote in the General Assembly on March 2, I would have voted with the 141 ambassadors who supported the resolution condemning Russia for its invasion of Ukraine and demanding that it withdraw its armed forces. Would that the General Assembly had a mandate to govern, sadly it doesn’t, which means it’s even more beholden on all us freedom-loving, law-abiding anti-war activists to stand shoulder to shoulder with all our brothers and sisters all over the world, irrespective of race, religion, or nationality, in pursuit of elusive peace. That of course means standing with the Russian people and the Ukrainian people, the Palestinian people, the Syrian people, the Lebanese people, the Kurds, African Americans, Mexicans, Ecuadorian rainforest dwellers, South African miners, Armenians, Greeks, the Inuit, the Mapuche and my neighbors the Shinnecock, to name but a few. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Putin’s_Republican_Sympathizers⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ On_Watching_Ukraine_Through_Palestinian_Eyes⠀⇛ Tanks rolling through city streets. Bombs dropping from fighter jets onto apartment buildings. Military checkpoints. Cities under siege. Families separated, fleeing to seek refuge and not knowing when they will see each other or their homes again. # ⚓ Hungary ☛ This_war_is_giving_us_all_an_opportunity_to realize_what_truly_matters⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hungary ☛ Orbán’s_weekly_radio_interview:_NATO_will_only protect_us_if_we_protect_ourselves⠀⇛ Every Friday, Hungary’s prime minister gives an interview on one of the state-owned radio stations. Since the independent media has not had a chance to interview him for many years, these weekly radio interviews are the only opportunity to find out what the leader of the country thinks about current events, how he sees his opponents and any issues at hand. From now on, every Friday, Telex English will bring you a 3-point summary of the main issues discussed that morning. This week’s three points are: The EU and crisis management, how the war in Ukraine is affecting Hungary and Europe, and what Orbán thinks about EU sanctions against Russia. # ⚓ EFF ☛ Telegram_Harm_Reduction_for_Users_in_Russia_and Ukraine⠀⇛ Telegram has gained a reputation as the “secure” communications app in the post-Soviet states, but whenever you make choices about your digital security, it’s important to start by asking yourself, “What exactly am I securing? And who am I securing it from?” These questions should inform your decisions about whether you are using the right tool or platform for your digital security needs. Telegram is certainly not the most secure messaging app on the market right now. Its security model requires users to place a great deal of trust in Telegram’s ability to protect user data. For some users, this may be good enough for now. For others, it may be wiser to move to a different platform for certain kinds of high-risk communications. Right now the digital security needs of Russians and Ukrainians are very different, and they lead to very different caveats about how to mitigate the risks associated with using Telegram. For Ukrainians in Ukraine, whose physical safety is at risk because they are in a war zone, digital security is probably not their highest priority. They may value access to news and communication with their loved ones over making sure that all of their communications are encrypted in such a manner that they are indecipherable to Telegram, its employees, or governments with court orders. Channels are not encrypted. All communications on a Telegram channel can be seen by anyone on the channel and are also visible to Telegram. Telegram may be asked by a government to hand over the communications from a channel. Telegram has a history of standing up to Russian government requests for data, but how comfortable you are relying on that history to predict future behavior is up to you. Because Telegram has this data, it may also be stolen by hackers or leaked by an internal employee.  # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Ukraine_Calls_For_Video_Game_Blockade_Against Russia_To_Motivate_Its_Citizenry⠀⇛ I’ve banged on for quite a while about how video games have long not gotten the recognition they deserve as a major and growing part of the cultural landscape throughout the world. While there is no doubt that there has been a shift in this as time has gone on, it’s still the case that a hefty percentage of the world, particularly older populations, simply don’t put video games on the same cultural footing as literature, movies, television, and music. Which is ultimately quite silly. Video games represent creative and cultural output and the number of people playing them, and the amount of time those people devote to them, has grown consistently throughout the past several decades. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ After_Putin⠀⇛ Vladimir Putin is bound to lose his attempt to take over Ukraine, which is why I thought he wouldn’t do it. Eventual defeat will come for three reasons: the price of any conquest, the need for public support in Russia to ensure the morale of his troops, and the impossibility of long-term occupation. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Russian_Police_Have_Arrested_More_Than_8,000 Antiwar_Protesters_in_8_Days⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Russia’s_Use_of_Cluster_Bombs_Should_Spur_a Global_Recommitment_to_Banning_Them⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Ukraine_Must_Not_Become_World_War Three⠀⇛ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Russia’s_Social_Media_Propaganda_Campaign_Is Backfiring,_So_It’s_Banning_Facebook_In_Russia⠀⇛ Over the last five to six years, The NarrativeTM has been that Russia has built up such powerful propaganda and social media disinformation peddlers that it could effectively drive its own narrative and convince entire populations to go along with its preferred version of reality (i.e., not reality). There have always been reasons to question just how accurate a story that is, but it has been widely believed. That’s why it’s been kind of interesting to see how the narrative on the internet over the past few weeks of Russia’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine… has been pretty universally against Russia. Indeed, there’s at least some evidence that Russia is flabbergasted that its own social media propaganda efforts have been a complete and total flop. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Fears_of_Nuclear_Disaster_in_Ukraine Bolster_Push_for_Renewable_Future⠀⇛ While a fire at Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant has been extinguished—and the complex reportedly seized by invading Russian forces—overnight fears of a major disaster fueled fresh calls for rapidly building a cleaner, safer global energy system. “We are perched on the precipice of catastrophe.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ US_Embassy_in_Kyiv_Accuses_Russia_of_‘War Crime’_for_Shelling_Nuclear_Power_Plant⠀⇛ The United States Embassy in Kyiv on Friday accused Russia of committing a “war crime” following its attack on a Ukrainian nuclear power plant overnight. “It is a war crime to attack a nuclear power plant. [Russian President Vladimir] Putin’s shelling of Europe’s largest nuclear plant takes his reign of terror one step further,” the embassy tweeted, using the hashtag #TheHague. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_‘Let_Them_Kill_as_Many_as Possible’:_The_Roots_of_US_Militarism_in_Russia_and_Around the_World⠀⇛ In April 1941, four years before he was to become President and eight months before the United States entered World War II, Senator Harry Truman of Missouri reacted to the news that Germany had invaded the Soviet Union: “If we see that Germany is winning the war, we ought to help Russia; and if that Russia is winning, we ought to help Germany, and in that way let them kill as many as possible.” Truman was not called out as a cynic when he spoke these words from the floor of the Senate. On the contrary, when he died in 1972, Truman’s obituary in The New York Times cited this statement as establishing his “reputation for decisiveness and courage.” “This basic attitude,” gushed The Times, “prepared him to adopt from the start of his Presidency, a firm policy,” an attitude that prepared him to order the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki with “no qualms.” Truman’s same basic “let them kill as many as possible” attitude also informed the postwar doctrine that bears his name, along with the establishment of NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the CIA, the Central Intelligence Agency, both of which he is credited with founding. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Mercy_for_Humanity_Amid_This Nuclear_Threat⠀⇛ As the Ukrainian people endure horrors that are all the worse for being absurdly unnecessary, it is difficult to avoid pondering the most horrific absurdity of all: if Mr. Putin is unhinged enough to launch a barbaric war, would he, in the same deluded spirit of grievance and paranoia, actually consider using nuclear weapons? # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ HRW_Confirms_Russia_Dropped_Cluster_Bombs on_Kharkiv⠀⇛ Russian forces used cluster bombs during attacks on Ukraine’s second-largest city of Kharkiv in what may amount to war crimes, Human Rights Watch said Friday. “Using cluster munitions in populated areas shows a brazen and callous disregard for people’s lives,” said Steve Goose, arms director at Human Rights Watch, in a statement. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_What_Is_the_Path_for_a_Negotiated Peace_in_Ukraine?⠀⇛ “Forget the cheese–let’s get out of the trap.” — Robert A. Lovett, U.S. Secretary of Defense 1951- 53. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Grijalva_Warns_Against_Fossil_Fuel_Lobby’s Drilling_Push_Amid_Ukraine_War⠀⇛ U.S. House Natural Resources Committee Chair Raúl Grijalva on Friday warned that days into Russia’s war on Ukraine, the U.S. fossil fuel industry has launched a misinformation campaign aimed at promoting even more oil and gas drilling as the key to ending the conflict and aiding Ukrainians. In an opinion piece at The Guardian, the Arizona Democrat pointed to a list of demands the American Petroleum Institute—the largest lobbying firm for the U.S. oil and gas sector—released just before Russian forces invaded Ukraine last week, including “Release permits for energy development on public lands” and “Accelerate energy infrastructure permitting.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_3_Ways_to_Promote_Peace_and Humanitarianism_for_People_of_Ukraine⠀⇛ I am a humane educator, someone who teaches about the cruelties, destruction, and injustices we perpetrate on other humans, animals, and the environment and who helps people cultivate compassion and integrity and become solutionaries able and motivated to build humane, healthy, and just societal systems. It is in this capacity―rather than as an expert in geopolitics or Russian-Ukrainian history, which I am not―that I write about how each of us can be a force for good in the face of the invasion of Ukraine. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Roaming_Charges:_Hate_and_War,_It’s_the Currency⠀⇛ + At some point, our oligarchs & their oligarchs are going to decide that sanctions on oligarchs are “counterproductive” and return to the tried-and- true sanctions on the poor, the sick, the old and the young. These sanctions will have no effect on the Russian invasion of Ukraine. But they will make everyone feel better about themselves that they’ve finally done something. And they’d rather not know the consequences, thank you very much. But be assured that whatever the price–and whoever pays it–the cost will be worth it. Out of sight, out of mind. + It strikes me that we’ve entered a stage of history where there’s not one figure of international stature with clean hands who won’t be perceived as acting in bad faith to negotiate a peace settlement: no Mandela, no Tutu, no Hammarskjöld, no Pauling, no Ali, no Bertrand Russell. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Ukraine_has_Fought_Heroically,_But_Putin will_Not_Let_His_‘Special_Military_Operation’_Become_a Fiasco⠀⇛ The Russian statement said that it would target the Security Service of Ukraine building and a government information facility “in order to suppress information attacks against Russia” using high precision weapons – shortly before it attacked the capital’s main television tower. “We call,” the statement read, “on Ukrainian citizens attracted by Ukrainian nationalists to carry out provocations against Russia, as well as residents of Kyiv living near relay nodes [communications towers] to leave their homes.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ War’s_End_in_Kyiv⠀⇛ Neither am I under any illusions that the fighting in Ukraine will constitute another war that will be “over by Christmas”. Yes, there are occasionally short wars (the 1969 Soccer War between Honduras and El Salvador lasted 100 hours), but the war in Vietnam went on for more than thirty years, and the American involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan almost twenty. Wars that evolve into insurgencies, as Ukraine’s must, tend to last as long as ammunition supplies hold out. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Economic_Collapse_Comes_to_Russia⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Ukrainian_Conflict_and_the_Imperial World_System⠀⇛ “Putin must be punished,” the Americans and Europeans insist.  But the forms of punishment now being implemented – severe economic sanctions and military aid to Ukraine – are designed to prolong the military struggle and to cripple the Russian economy, apparently on the theory that Russia’s discontented masses and oligarchs will then replace Putin with a leader more to the West’s liking.  Pardon me, but this makes little sense.  Prolonging the conflict will kill more Ukrainians and Russians, inspire their compatriots and loved ones to seek revenge.  It may also bring the world close to nuclear war.  Moreover, making a whole people suffer usually unites them against their adversary rather than turning them against their leader. The array of punishments administered and proposed also indicate that many Westerners consider Putin analogous to Adolf Hitler and a return to the negotiating table the equivalent of Munich-style appeasement.  But this betrays a profound misunderstanding of what drives the conflict and who the conflicting parties really are.  Vladimir Putin is not an evil mastermind bent on world domination and the genocidal destruction of “inferior” races.  He is the brutal leader of a once great empire playing the imperial game in a world of competitive empires.  More brutal than Harry Truman in Korea, Lyndon Johnson in Vietnam, or George W. Bush in Iraq?  Obviously not.  Then why consider his bad character he primary cause of the struggle? # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Battle_of_Ukraine_and_the_War_It’s_Part Of⠀⇛ All-in Last week, I wrote that Russia was “on the offensive and impatient” and would “act very soon.” It did, but in a way that far exceeded my expectations. I thought Russia would make a direct military intervention to secure the Lugansk and Donetsk Republics (LDPR) it had newly recognized, and maybe help them to capture the large portion of their claimed territory still controlled by Ukrainian forces—a more offensive and riskier move that, I warned, would make it easier to create a political narrative detrimental to Russia. Unlikely, I thought, that Russia would engage in a military offensive west of Donbass, let alone aimed at Kiev. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Ukrainian_American_Journalist:_Putin’s Unjust_War_Is_Emboldening_Ukraine’s_Far-Right_Movement⠀⇛ We speak with Ukrainian American journalist Lev Golinkin about the rise of the far right in Ukraine. Golinkin says Russian bombing of the sacred Jewish site of Babi Yar disproves Putin’s claims that the invasion is about “denazification,” and attacks on cities in eastern Ukraine show he does not care about Russian-speaking Ukrainians either. He also speaks about the neo-Nazi presence within his home country, saying, “Ukraine’s far right is the primary benefactor on the Ukraine side of this war because they now get to attract people from all over the world, and they get to be seen as on the frontlines of fighting for white civilization.” He adds the presence of neo-Nazis in Ukraine “does not give Russia any reason, any justification, to invade an inch of Ukrainian territory.” # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Russian_Environmentalist_Speaks_Out_on Putin’s_Attack_on_Antiwar_Protesters_&_Independent_Media⠀⇛ As the Russian military escalates its invasion in Ukraine, Russian police are cracking down on antiwar protesters at home, arresting more than 8,000 over the past eight days. Meanwhile, Russia’s lower house of parliament has passed a new law to criminalize the distribution of what the state considers to be “false news” about military operations, and remaining independent news outlets in the country are shutting down under pressure from the authorities. We speak with Vladimir Slivyak, co-chair for the leading Russian environmental organization Ecodefense, who won the 2021 Right Livelihood Award — the “alternative Nobel Peace Prize” — for defending the environment and mobilizing grassroots opposition to the coal and nuclear industries in Russia. Slivyak describes Putin’s attempts to shut down independent media within Russia and the “pure propaganda” his regime is spreading on state-sponsored media to justify the invasion of Ukraine. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Russia’s_Unprecedented_Shelling_of Ukrainian_Nuclear_Plant_Raises_Fears_of_Another_Chernobyl⠀⇛ Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky has accused Russia of “nuclear terror” after Russian forces shelled and subsequently set on fire the largest nuclear power plant in Europe on Friday morning. The fire at the Zaporizhzhia plant burned for hours but reportedly did not spread to any of the plant’s six reactors before the Russians ultimately seized the site. Ukraine heavily relies on nuclear power, with 15 active nuclear power reactors across the country. Targeting any of these reactors — or even deactivated reactors at Chernobyl — could result in a catastrophic nuclear radiation leak that could make the surrounding region, and even most of Europe, uninhabitable. We host a roundtable discussion with Ukrainian energy expert Olexi Pasyuk in western Ukraine, Russian environmentalist and 2021 Right Livelihood Award Laureate Vladimir Slivyak and Greenpeace nuclear specialist Shaun Burnie, author of a new report on severe nuclear hazards at the Zaporizhzhia plant in Ukraine. “No state has been invaded with such a large nuclear power program,” says Burnie. “We’re in new territory here.” The report says the only solution is immediate end to war. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘I’ll_be_depressed,_and_I’ll_cut_costs’:_Meduza readers_on_how_Western_sanctions_—_and_Russia’s_response measures_—_have_changed_their_lives⠀⇛ Russia’s invasion of Ukraine resulted in harsh sanctions from the West. The ruble exchange rate crashed, several Russian banks have been cut off from SWIFT, and the Central Bank’s foreign exchange reserves are blocked. We asked Meduza readers what effect sanctions — and Moscow’s response measures — have already had on their lives, and what they plan to do going forward. Here’s what they told us. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ The_war:_day_eight:_Photos_of_the_human_toll_of Russia’s_attacks_on_Ukraine⠀⇛ The war in Ukraine is already well into its ninth day. More than a million people have become refugees, according to the United Nations. Cities still under bombardment are approaching a humanitarian catastrophe. During the second round of Russia-Ukraine talks on March 3, the parties agreed to establish humanitarian corridors for the evacuation of civilians, and the delivery of medicines and food. The following images are from the eighth day of the war. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ We_ain’t_done_yet:_The_Russian_authorities_are_now blocking_Meduza._We’re_ready_for_this,_but_we_need_your help.⠀⇛ On March 1, 2022 — what feels like a century ago — we sent a message to our newsletter subscribers, warning that the Russian authorities planned to block Meduza along with the last remnants of the country’s independent news media. That has now come to pass. Hours ago, we received confirmation that the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Telecom, Information Technologies, and Mass Communications (known more commonly as Roskomnadzor) is now requiring Internet service providers inside Russia to block access to Meduza’s website. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Putin’s_last_stand:_How_to_lose_a_war_simply_by starting_one⠀⇛ How did this war with Ukraine even become a possibility? According to Meduza’s Ideas editor, Maxim Trudolyubov, the answer to this question can be found in the political alternate “reality” developed in Russia in recent years on the basis of lies, manipulation, and the production of fakes. This “reality” had seemed so crudely constructed that it was impossible to imagine anyone in charge (especially those who created it) to believe it seriously. As it turns out, however, somebody does believe it. His name is Vladimir Putin. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Russia’s_Invasion_of_Ukraine:_Outing_the Iraq_War_White_Washers⠀⇛ Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine has presented a particularly odious grouping, a good number of them neoconservatives, a chance to hand wash and dry before the idol of international law. Law breakers become defenders of oracular force, arguing for the territorial integrity of States and the sanctity of borders, and the importance of the UN Charter. Reference can be made to Hitler’s invasions during the Second World War with a revoltingly casual disposition, a comparison that seeks to eclipse the role played by other gangster powers indifferent to the rule and letter of international comity. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Ukraine:_A_Conflict_Soaked_in Contradictions_and_New_Patterns_in_War_and_Media⠀⇛ Even as we deplore the violence and the loss of life in Ukraine resulting from the Russian intervention (and the neofascist violence in the Donbas), it is valuable to step back and look at how the rest of the world may perceive this conflict, starting with the West’s ethnocentric interest in an attack whose participants and victims they believe they share aspects of identity with—whether related to culture, religion, or skin color. White Wars # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Stop_the_War_–_on_Livable_Ecology⠀⇛ You might think that statement refers to the war in Ukraine. That’s understandable: the Ukraine Crisis raises the specter of World War III more menacingly than any geopolitical conflict of the post-Cold War era. Here, however, I’m writing about the capitalist war on livable ecology – still the biggest issue of our or any time. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Climate_Youth_Fill_the_World’s_Streets_to #StandWithUkraine⠀⇛ Young climate campaigners with Fridays for Future took to the streets across the globe Thursday to stand with the people of Ukraine—whose country was invaded last week by Russian President Vladimir Putin—and call for a world that prioritizes peace and freedom from fossil fuels for all. As Ukrainian forces and civilians fought Russian invaders who have been accused of war crimes, members of the youth-led movement—who generally hold school strikes on Fridays, inspired by Swedish teenager Greta Thunberg—carried signs that said #StandWithUkraine and #NoMoreWars. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Ukraine_Officials:_Nuclear_Plant_on_Fire After_Russian_Shelling⠀⇛ This is a developing story… Check back for possible updates… Ukraine officials and news agencies Thursday night report that at least a section of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant is on fire following shelling by Russian troops during an ongoing battle for control of the energy complex located in the eastern town of Enerhodar. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ NATO_Rejects_Ukraine_No-Fly_Zone_That_Could Spark_‘Full-Fledged_War_in_Europe’⠀⇛ NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said Friday that the 30-country alliance will not impose a no- fly zone over Ukraine, warning that such a step would draw NATO forces into direct conflict with Russia and potentially spark “a full-fledged war in Europe.” “We are not part of this conflict, and we have a responsibility to ensure it does not escalate and spread beyond Ukraine because that would be even more devastating and more dangerous, with even more human suffering,” Stoltenberg said during a press conference following a meeting of NATO foreign ministers. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Peace_Groups_to_Demand_‘Russian_Troops_Out’ of_Ukraine_at_Weekend_Rallies⠀⇛ Anti-war protests against Russian President Vladimir Putin’s deadly assault of Ukraine are set to continue this weekend in cities around the world. “Around the world people oppose this catastrophic war.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Putin’s_War_on_Ukraine_Could Spark_a_Nuclear_Catastrophe⠀⇛ Death and destruction have descended on Ukraine as Russia’s invasion continues into its second week. The invasion has killed thousands and created the largest refugee crisis in Europe since WWII, with over one million Ukrainians fleeing to Poland, Romania, Moldova and beyond. Russia’s invasion could trigger further catastrophes, including a meltdown of one of Ukraine’s 15 nuclear reactors, or even the unimaginable, nuclear war. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Media_Networks_Suspend_Reporting_in_Russia Over_Censorship_Law⠀⇛ International media companies and journalists around the world on Friday sharply condemned a new Russian law that effectively criminalizes critical reporting of the war on Ukraine, with some outlets even suspending broadcasts or reporters’ work across Russia. “Russian authorities have moved quickly to establish total censorship and control over the free flow of information since Russia invaded Ukraine.” # ⚓ The Gray Zone ☛ Forever_war_in_Ukraine_or_an_end_to_the unipolar_world?⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Gray Zone ☛ How_Ukraine’s_Jewish_president_Zelensky made_peace_with_neo-Nazi_paramilitaries_on_front_lines_of_war with_Russia⠀⇛ # ⚓ DeSmog ☛ Peers_Urged_to_Sell_Shares_in_Russian_Fossil_Fuel Companies⠀⇛ Campaigners are calling on British peers to ditch their shares in Russian oil and gas as Vladimir Putin’s bloody invasion of Ukraine stretches into a second week. Politicians in both Houses of the UK Parliament have been united in condemning Putin’s actions, which have created over a million refugees. Hundreds of civilians and thousands of soldiers on both sides are reported to have died in the conflict.  # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Calling_Russia’s_Attack_‘Unprovoked’_Lets_US_Off_the Hook⠀⇛ Many governments and media figures are rightly condemning Russian President Vladimir Putin’s attack on Ukraine as an act of aggression and a violation of international law. But in his first speech about the invasion, on February 24, US President Joe Biden also called the invasion “unprovoked.” o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Stay_Connected_to_Nature⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ “You_Can’t_Separate_People_From_the_Planet”⠀⇛ As a child, Leah Thomas dreamed of becoming a veterinarian. When she arrived at Chapman University in 2013, her fascination with the animal world expanded to studying ecology and declaring a major in environmental science. But Thomas, now 27, was heartbroken to discover how often the environmental movement sidelined people of color. She writes about it in her new book, The Intersectional Environmentalist. This article originally appeared in Nexus Media News and was made possible by a grant from the Open Society Foundations. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Russia’s_War_Crime_in_Targeting Nuclear_Plant_Makes_Clear_the_Urgency_for_Renewable_Energy⠀⇛ The Russian tank shelling of the massive Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in the city of Energodar, which set fire to the top three stories of a training building behind the complex, raised alarms about the possibility of a nuclear meltdown. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_IPCC_Report_Reveals_How Inequality_Makes_Climate_Change_Impacts_Worse—And_What_We_Can Do_About_It⠀⇛ Nearly half of the global population—between 3.3 and 3.6 billion people—lives in areas highly vulnerable to climate change. The brief window in which to limit how intense and frequent climate impacts such as stronger storms, droughts, flooding and sea-level rise become and to secure “a liveable and sustainable future for all” is rapidly narrowing. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Climate_Breakdown⠀⇛ The crowning blow of this heavy-hitting report is a chilling statement: “There is only a narrow chance left of avoiding its worst ravages.” Moreover, the IPCC claims that even at current levels dangerous widespread disruptions threaten devastation of swathes of the natural world: “Many areas will become unlivable.” # ⚓ DeSmog ☛ Energy_Transfer_Continued_Work_After_Telling Investors_Mariner_East_Pipeline_Was_Completed⠀⇛ On February 16, Energy Transfer announced in an earnings call that construction on its long-delayed Mariner East pipeline project, built to carry natural gas liquids across southern Pennsylvania, was “complete.” Nine days later, a truck arrived at the Tunbridge apartment complex in Middletown Township, Pennsylvania, near Philadelphia, carrying lengths of uninstalled pipeline, according to photographs, videos and witness accounts obtained by DeSmog. That truck arrived at a pipeline construction site already humming with activity, photos show, as workers prepared to weld those joints into place — despite Energy Transfer’s statements that Mariner East construction was already over. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ How_Storied_Artist_Mel_Chin’s_‘Constant Revolution’_Is_Tackling_Humanity’s_Environmental_Challenges⠀⇛ In 2018, NLE partnered with the Queens Museum and produced a citywide exhibition of Chin’s work, which helped me understand his activist streak, especially relating to the environment. Spanning four decades of his career, the sprawling exhibition was a testament to the sheer magnitude of Chin’s curiosity. As an artist, he is tough to pin down. Hence, the 2018 exhibition title “Mel Chin: All Over the Place,” which tapped into the artist’s myriad interests, with newly commissioned projects that explored water rights, New York’s maritime history, and sea level rise. And while he may have a “malleable and wide-ranging approach to [his] artistic practice,” being anchored to a particular “place” is something that informs much of his work; he responds to unique histories and characteristics. In the work “Flint Fit,” for example, Chin worked with residents of Flint, Michigan, and Detroit/New York City-based fashion designer Tracy Reese to pilot an innovative economic system that simultaneously addressed the city’s water crisis, plastic pollution, recycling, and labor problems. This “prototype for action” transformed empty water bottles into a woven fabric that was sewn into clothing, ultimately providing new jobs for members of St. Luke NEW Life Center, a Flint-based organization that provides life skills, education, and workplace training. The first “Flint Fit” collection was unveiled at a fashion event at the Queens Museum. # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Historic_First’_as_Hawaii_Court_OKs Lawsuit_Against_Big_Oil⠀⇛ Climate campaigners and local officials this week are celebrating a major series of victories in Hawaii state court rejecting Big Oil’s attempts to dismiss a lawsuit filed by the the City and County of Honolulu. “As climate costs for communities continue to soar, Big Oil companies must be held accountable to pay their fair share.” # ⚓ Psychology Today ☛ The_Unsustainable_Frenzy_for Cryptocurrency_and_NFTs⠀⇛ Even the much-vaunted idea of decentralized power of crypto exchanges doesn’t really match the reality of crypto ownership—for example, 95 percent of Bitcoin is held by 2 percent of accounts; 80 percent of the NFT market is owned by 12 percent of accounts. This is a picture of centralized power with one telling characteristic: “Every member of Forbes’s 2021 crypto billionaires list is a man. A third of them attended Stanford or Harvard. Out of the 12 listed, only one isn’t white.” # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ The Revelator ☛ Protect_This_Place:_Tallahassee’s Towering_English_Forest_Faces_Imminent_Destruction⠀⇛ # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ India_and_the_Future_of_the_Planet⠀⇛ Setting a goal for carbon neutrality and agreeing even to phase down coal were both steps forward for India on climate issues. But the country also absorbed criticism for setting a goal 20 years beyond the 2050 deadline set by negotiators under the Paris climate deal. For climate activists desperate to end the use of coal, the single largest source of carbon emissions, the watered-down language in the final agreement was a crushing disappointment. The 2070 date “is clearly inadequate,” observes Basav Sen, the Climate Justice Project director at the Institute for Policy Studies. “A target set so far in the future is a perfect excuse for policymakers not to do anything today.” o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ February_Job_Growth_Strong_as_Private-Sector Hours_Return_to_Pre-Pandemic_Levels⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Progressives_Says_Strong_Jobs_Report_Shows Democratic_Relief_Packages_Worked⠀⇛ Economists and progressive lawmakers alike applauded the monthly jobs report released Friday, which showed hundreds of thousands of jobs added to the economy in February thanks to federal relief that “matched the scale” of the crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic in the past two years. “Let’s keep up this momentum by making historic investments into lowering the cost of child care, healthcare, housing, and so much more.” # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Braxton_Brewington_on_Student_Loan_Debt,_Andy_Marra on_Trans_Youth_Rights⠀⇛ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ What_MLB_May_Need_To_Do_After_It_Stops_Its Player_Lockout_Bullshit⠀⇛ If you’re not a sports fan, or not an American, you may not be aware that there is currently an owner’s lockout occurring in Major League Baseball. We’ve talked a bit in the past about some of the bullshit MLB is pulling with all of this, namely its decision to strip out all references to current players from its website. But in those discussions we never really got into what this lockout is or why it’s occurring. Let me give you a quick primer. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Listen_to_Bernie_Sanders_and_End_the_Bosses’ Baseball_Lockout⠀⇛ There is war, disease, and the prospect of a nuclear winter, and yet President Joe Biden still wasted an opportunity to raise his voice against the Major League Baseball lockout during Tuesday’s State of the Union address. Baseball ranks low on the list of the anxieties that have colonized our minds of late, but the situation cries out for some kind of intervention, because this sporting tragedy reflects so much about the grotesque inequalities that define this country. Baseball is “the national pastime,” and that pastime is being held hostage by 30 billionaires and their hand puppet Commissioner Rob Manfred. This is not the wrangling of “billionaires vs. millionaires,” a bosses’ narrative that much of the mainstream media has dutifully parroted, but a lockout—not a strike, a lockout: The wealthiest parasites in the sport have unilaterally shut down the game. This is so obviously a “bosses’ strike” that it has baseball insiders sounding like Che Guevara. ESPN’s Jeff Passan wrote, “If you went and got the next 1,200 best players in the world, the product would suffer greatly. If you handed MLB teams over to any 30 competent businesspeople, the sport would not suffer. Actually, it might improve.” o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Inside_Bernie’s_Mind⠀⇛ Now into Biden’s second year, we are at a moment where not a single one of Bernie’s policy proposals—from student debt cancelation to expansion of Medicare—came remotely close to fulfillment. Bernie couldn’t even get his beloved hearing, vision, and dental coverage for Medicare recipients through, despite being the Senate Budget Committee chairman! On the occasion of Biden’s predictably jingoistic and delusional SOTU address, in the wake of the Ukrainian “crisis” that Bernie’s party did everything to instigate and inflame, we are back to less than square one, because in addition to the absence of a single progressive policy reform we are also saddled with a rejuvenated empire initiating new exploits wherever it can with whatever it’s got left. Who, exactly, is this man, to whom so many gave so much of their time and money? If, two years ago, a psychologist or novelist or documentary filmmaker were to have followed him around, what would he or she have discovered about the nature of this man’s charisma and the purposes to which it was put? More importantly, what does this man’s psyche tell us about those of his followers who were not from the working class and who have chosen to go on an extended brunch break ever since the bogeyman in the White House was de-platformed to their satisfaction? # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ How_Propaganda_Shapes_the_Past,_Present_and Future⠀⇛ At the present moment in the United States, this is exemplified by popular responses to two crises. The first involves a majority of U.S. states that are seeking to use political power to control how their past is officially taught and interpreted. This is being done with the hope of forging a unified view among future citizenry—one that returns to perceptions of U.S history, race and gender characteristic of a time before the civil rights movement of the late 1950s and 1960s. This mindset accepts segregation and discrimination based on race, gender, sexual orientation and the like as reflections of acceptable traditional values. The second crisis involves the revival of Cold War perceptions to shape the present and future U.S. public views concerning Russia and Ukraine. Here, the proffered story is of a bipolar world—one side, led by the United States, is allegedly a “free world” and the other side, led by Russia, is a hostile, dictatorial and expansionist world. These perceptions are characteristic of the time prior to 1989 and the collapse of the Soviet Union. It would seem this past point of view, like the domestic mindset mentioned above, never went away but only retreated. In this way, past manipulated mindsets reemerge into the present when circumstances are right, and threaten to ideologically skew the future. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Neoliberalism_Is_Normalizing_Extreme-Right Discourse_in_the_UK⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_2022_South_Korean_Presidential Election:_WIll_Koreans_Choose_Pragmatism_or_Saber-Rattling?⠀⇛ While the two candidates are nearly neck and neck in South Korea’s highly polarized electoral environment, Lee’s mastery of political affairs has struck an obvious contrast with Yoon’s lack of knowledge and experience. As a result, the majority consensus among voters is that Lee would be better able to handle the challenges facing the country, with polls consistently showing that voters trust Lee over Yoon on issues such as international relations and security policy.  According to the latest poll, 43 percent say that Lee is more capable in the sphere of diplomatic and security policy, while only 31 percent favor Yoon in this category. Regardless of which side wins the election, however, Washington’s redoubled emphasis on China-North Korea containment will severely constrain the foreign policy of any new South Korean administration. First, Korea’s geographic location makes it a lynchpin of Washington’s anti-China campaign. The US perceives South Korea as a “force multiplier” whose military assets and personnel will be freely used by the US to supplement its military needs anywhere in the Asia-Pacific region–even beyond the Korean Peninsula. According to Tim Beal, as long as its hegemonic rivalry with China persists, the US will never permit peace in Korea, thereby forcing South Korea to the frontline of a new US-led regional containment coalition. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Court_Ignores_That_Texas_Social_Media_Censorship Law_Was_Blocked_As_Unconstitutional:_Orders_Meta_To_Reinstate Account⠀⇛ Remember how Texas passed a social media content moderation law which was then blocked as unconstitutional by a federal court? Apparently people in Texas remember the passing of the law, but not the fact that it was blocked. Incredibly, this includes a judge as well. # ⚓ NewYorkTimes ☛ Russia_Steps_Up_Censorship_With_Law_Against ‘False_Information’⠀⇛ The Russian Parliament passed a law on Friday punishing the spreading of “false information” about Russia’s armed forces with as much as 15 years in prison, the latest move by the Kremlin to criminalize any political opposition and independent news reporting during its war against Ukraine. The law will take effect as soon as Saturday, and could make a criminal offense of simply calling the war a “war” — the Kremlin says it is a “special military operation” — on social media or in a news article or broadcast. # ⚓ Hollywood Reporter ☛ Russia_Passes_New_Censorship_Law_Over Ukraine_War⠀⇛ Russia’s national parliament, the Duma, passed a new law Friday that will make it a criminal act to call the war in Ukraine a war. The move prompted the BBC to immediately suspend the work of its journalists in the country over fears for their safety. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Fear_of_martial_law_sparks_Russian_exodus⠀⇛ Thousands of Russians are rushing to flee the country ahead of this weekend, as rumors swirl that Vladimir Putin could soon declare martial law, close the borders and crack down even harder on domestic dissent. # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Russian_lawmakers_approve_prison_for ‘fake’_war_reports⠀⇛ Russians could face prison sentences of up to 15 years for spreading information that goes against the Russian government’s position on the war in Ukraine, a move that comes as authorities block access to foreign media outlets. The Russian parliament voted unanimously Friday to approve a draft law criminalizing the intentional spreading of what Russia deems to be “fake” reports. Russian authorities have repeatedly decried reports of Russian military setbacks or civilian deaths in Ukraine as “fake” reports. State media outlets refer to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as a “special military operation” rather than a “war” or “invasion.” o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Ohio_Supreme_Court_Rolls_Back_Awful_Rulings, Says_Cop_Must_Use_His_Real_Name_If_He_Wants_To_Keep_His Defamation_Suit_Going⠀⇛ All the way back in August 2020, a Cincinnati (OH) police officer decided to sue some fellow citizens for defamation. The cop went after the authors of social media posts claiming the officer flashed a “white supremacist sign” during a city council meeting discussing concerns raised by the Black Lives Matter movement. These posts also opined that the officer was a racist and that his Facebook profile was filled with bigoted posts and anti-BLM content. # ⚓ Site36 ☛ What’s_the_problem_with_the_EU_regulation_on_the release_of_electronic_evidence?⠀⇛ The EU Parliament has accommodated the member states on crucial points, but now demands special attention to fundamental rights. The controversial question is how a state in which a company is based can object to an order. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Court_Limits_Biden’s_Use_of_Covid_Policy_to Expel_‘Families_Fleeing_Danger’⠀⇛ Human rights advocates on Friday celebrated a key victory in federal court while also pressuring U.S. President Joe Biden to fully end what one critic called a “sham public health order” to expel immigrants seeking safety. “Thousands of families at the border can breathe a momentary sigh of relief.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Precedents_of_Permissibility⠀⇛ Some legal experts have evoked the idea of pre- emptive self-defence, which, however, does not exist in international law, and is as invalid here as it was when George W. Bush invoked it to justify his war of aggression on Iraq 2003.  Some observers have suggested a justification based on the concept of vital interests of the state, which Israel invokes from time to time in an attempt to justify its crimes against Palestinians, Lebanese, Syrians and others.  Only apologists would buy these arguments that lack any legitimacy in international law – or natural law. Our priority today must be to work for an immediate cease fire, followed by urgent humanitarian assistance and an international conference that would attempt to reach a compromise that would be conducive to durable peace in the region.  A compromise means that there must be give and take.  The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 was resolved through a pragmatic quid pro quo, whereby the Soviets pulled their missiles out of Cuba, and the United States removed its missiles from Turkey. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ How_One_Cooperative_Is_Trying_to_Develop_an Alternative_Economy_in_Oakland⠀⇛ In the United States, there are about 500 worker cooperatives or businesses that are owned and operated by the employees, like REI and Alvarado Street Bakery. A recent study shows that U.S. counties with a higher number of cooperative businesses were more resilient during the last economic crisis in 2008, and recovered quicker in the aftermath. For those in communities that have endured economic hardships decades before the pandemic or the Great Recession, the cooperative business model has already entered the mainstream. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ New_York_Times_Tech_Workers_Win_Union_Vote_by_a Landslide⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Biden_Offers_Protected_Status_for_Ukrainians, Shielding_Them_From_Deportation⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Curing_the_Pandemic_of_Gendered_Violence⠀⇛ And the disease is pretty awful, as documented in Abolition. Feminism. Now. by Angela Davis, Gina Dent, Erica Meiners and Beth Richie.  This new book lays out the systemic oppression and abuse of minority women and children not only by the police and courts, but by the foster care system and a so- called child protection bureaucracy that criminalizes, inter alia, mothers sleeping in the same bed as their infants! Can you imagine any government agency prosecuting a white middle-class mother for nursing her newborn in bed – or using such a routine, beneficial practice as an excuse to steal the infant from its family? Such a bureaucracy is in fact an icy sarcophagus for maternal love. So it’s no surprise that for the authors of this new book, everything – police, courts, prison, child “protection” bureaucracy – has got to go. And they make their case convincingly. Gendered violence is not some marginal annoyance. It is widespread –but regarded slightingly in the wider culture because its victims usually are seen as marginal. It’s on a par with homelessness, a problem that’s always there and lacks an easy fix. The fact that domestic abuse has roots in a social chasm so deep and dark that contemplating it is dizzying consigns the problem to the political wilderness. No politico aims to restructure society. Besides, who would benefit? It’s not as if domestic abuse victims or homeless people are senators after all. But revolutionaries are different. And when they say let’s smash the prison industrial complex, including those parts of it that supposedly aid battered women, they mean it. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Carbon_Monoxide_Killed_a_Mother_and_Daughter. A_Firefighter_Was_Reprimanded_After_a_Delayed_911_Response.⠀⇛ The Houston Fire Department reprimanded a firefighter for misconduct after an investigation into a delayed 911 response to a case in which a mother and daughter died of carbon monoxide poisoning. The department opened the investigation in July, following reporting from ProPublica, The Texas Tribune and NBC News, which revealed that first responders initially decided not to enter a Houston family’s home during the massive winter storm that hit Texas in February 2021, a decision that resulted in a couple and their two children being exposed to the lethal gas for an additional three hours. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Capitalist_Roots_of_U.S._Racial Oppression⠀⇛ What follows is an attempt to highlight the contribution of capitalism to racial oppression in the United States. W.E.B. DuBois describes Europeans “scurrying down the hot, mysterious coasts of Africa to the Good Hope of Gain until for the first time a real commerce was born […] That sinister traffic, on which the British Empire and the American Republic were largely built cost black Africa no less than 100,000,000 souls, the wreckage of its political and social life, and left the continent in precisely that state of helplessness which invites aggression and exploitation.” (“The African Roots of War,” 1915) # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ No_Human_is_Alien_to_Us⠀⇛ One might accurately say that this is merely performative activism that has little to no impact on the real conditions of people suffering from war. And that is correct. But there is more to this than simple virtue signaling. In the past few weeks, reporters from various networks have been lamenting the war in Ukraine as different because it is supposedly a “civilized” country. The odious message here is clear: war is not the normal state for “white” countries. But the implication is even more odious: Ukrainians deserve more of our sympathy than Afghans, Palestinians, Rohingya, Somalians, Syrians, etc. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ War_Torn:_Continental_Drifters_and_the Nationless_Nation⠀⇛ More recently, those itinerant continents were carved up by human beings into countries. A couple — China and India — are now home to more than a billion people each. But even modest-sized nations can be massive in their own right. Spain and Canada, neighbors in Pangea hundreds of millions of years ago, now have populations of almost 47 million and nearly 38 million, respectively, making them the 30th and 39th most populous countries on this planet. But together, they’re no larger than a nation-less nation, a state of the stateless that exists only as a state of mind. I’m talking about the victims of conflict now adrift on the margins of our world. The number of people forcibly displaced by war, persecution, general violence, or human-rights violations last year swelled to a staggering 84 million, according to UNHCR, the United Nations Refugee Agency. If they formed their own country, it would be the 17th largest in the world, slightly bigger than Iran or Germany.  Add in those driven across borders by economic desperation and the number balloons past one billion, placing it among the three largest nations on Earth. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Whoopi_Goldberg,_Race,_and_the_Banning_of Maus⠀⇛ Goldberg’s statement set off a national controversy about race and the Jews and got Goldberg suspended from The View for two weeks. But what actually happened in Tennessee is not in sum how The View portrayed it nor was the history of race and the place of the Jews in that history aired in the aftermath of Goldberg’s comments. In this essay, I review both. A report on the banning by Jenny Gross in the The New York Times of Jan, 27, 2022 notes: # ⚓ Craig Murray ☛ Schroedinger’s_Evidence⠀⇛ You be the judge. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Is_There_a_Place_for_Patriotism_on_the_Left?⠀⇛ There are two good reasons why every American progressive should be a patriot. One is emotional, the other practical—and they reinforce one another.1 # ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_Price_of_Unpaid_Activism⠀⇛ McKenna Dunbar typically starts her day at 5:30 am. While many of her classmates are still asleep, the University of Richmond junior has begun remote work for her full-time job as a community engagement coordinator at an environmental advocacy organization, the Virginia Chapter of the Sierra Club. By 8:45 am, she has logged off and is heading to four hours’ worth of back-to-back classes, followed by a quick lunch break. Then she drives to the Sierra Club office in downtown Richmond to work in person until 7:30 pm. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Yes,_Black_Voters_Feel_Let_Down_by_Biden⠀⇛ Joe Biden won the Democratic primary thanks to Black voters in diverse states who repeatedly turned to him over the other contenders for the nomination. He won the presidency thanks in part to the overwhelming support he received from Black voters. Then his party was handed control of the Senate thanks to the unprecedented registration and turnout of Black voters in Georgia. # ⚓ Hungary ☛ What_are_Hungarian_teachers_demanding_and_why_are they_practising_civil_disobedience?⠀⇛ o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ It’s_2022_And_Bullshit_Cable_TV_Fees_Are_Somehow Still_A_Thing⠀⇛ For years we’ve talked about how the broadband and cable industry has perfected the use of utterly bogus fees to jack up subscriber bills — a dash of financial creativity it adopted from the banking and airline industries. Countless cable and broadband companies tack on a myriad of completely bogus fees below the line, letting them advertise one rate — then sock you with a higher rate once your bill actually arrives. These companies will then falsely claim they haven’t raised rates. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ NTIA_Doles_Out_Another_$277_Million_In_Broadband Grants⠀⇛ Thanks to the one-two punch of the infrastructure bill and COVID relief, there’s more money sloshing around in the U.S. broadband ecosystem than perhaps any time in history. $46 billion (with a b) is slated to be distributed by the government over the next year, much of it overseen by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA).The NTIA this week announced it would be issuing an additional $1 million to Tribal leaders for broadband as well as $277 million in new grants to select communities around the U.S.: # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ As_Biden_Looks_To_Ban_Targeted_Ads,_Activists Look_To_Use_Them_To_Get_News_To_The_Russian_People⠀⇛ At Tuesday’s State of the Union address, one of President Joe Biden’s pledges regarding the internet, was that he wanted to ban targeted advertising. Lots of people cheered this on, because lots of people absolutely loathe targeted advertising — which is sometimes, misleadingly, referred to as “surveillance capitalism.” My own opinion on this is that basically all of it is overrated. I don’t think that targeted advertising even works that well, and think we’d be better off if companies didn’t rely so heavily on it — but also think that even if we got rid of it, people would still be mad over something else these companies did. Also, part of the reason why people hate targeted advertising so much is because it’s just not that good. If it actually worked, I’m not so sure people would be so mad about it. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ US_Praised_for_Plan_to_Transfer_Covid Tech_to_WHO⠀⇛ Public health advocates welcomed the Biden administration’s announcement Thursday that the U.S. will share certain medical technologies used to produce Covid-19 tests, treatments, and vaccines with the World Health Organization as part of an effort to combat the global pandemic that continues to kill thousands of people each week. “The immediate medical value of Thursday’s announcement will depend on which NIH technologies are licensed.” # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Bandcamp_bought⠀⇛ I saw the news that Bandcamp has been bought my Epic Games. I know little about them, but my gamer friends burn with loathing for them which doesn’t bode well. I do know they’re dabbling in NFTs, which illustrates they have no interest in independent creators, instead opting into the redundant, planet-burning grift. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Epic_Games_is_acquiring_music_platform Bandcamp⠀⇛ pic Games is acquiring independent music storefront Bandcamp. The companies announced the news today, saying that Bandcamp would “keep operating as a standalone marketplace and music community” but use Epic’s resources to expand internationally and continue adding new features. An Epic blog post says Bandcamp will play “an important role in Epic’s vision to build out a creator marketplace ecosystem for content, technology, games, art, music and more.” An announcement from Bandcamp co-founder and CEO Ethan Diamond, meanwhile, emphasized that the core deal for artists won’t change in the near future. “The products and services you depend on aren’t going anywhere, we’ll continue to build Bandcamp around our artists-first revenue model,” Diamond wrote. “You’ll still have the same control over how you offer your music, Bandcamp Fridays will continue as planned, and the Daily will keep highlighting the diverse, amazing music on the site.” # ⚓ What_Bandcamp’s_Acquisition_by_Epic_Games_Means_for Music_Fans_and_Artists⠀⇛ Yesterday’s news that Epic Games bought Bandcamp for an undisclosed sum sent shockwaves through both the gaming and music industries, with the companies’ official statements raising more questions than answers. To begin to consider how Epic will steer Bandcamp moving forward, it’s important to give the players involved a close look. # ⚓ NewYorkTimes ☛ Gaming_Giant_Behind_Fortnite_Buys Bandcamp,_an_Indie_Music_Haven⠀⇛ On Bandcamp, on the other hand, artists can upload their own work and set the pricing rules for downloads of their own work — pay- what-you-wish pricing is common. During the pandemic, Bandcamp has waived its fees once a month on “Bandcamp Fridays,” bringing the company waves of goodwill. Even more surprising, Bandcamp says it has been profitable since 2012. (Last year, Spotify had $10.7 billion in revenue and lost about $276 million, according to company reports.) Epic Games, which is based in Cary, N.C., and is privately owned, said little about its plans for music, and a company spokeswoman declined to answer further questions about the deal. But Epic’s statement on Wednesday indicated that it was interested in Bandcamp as a direct-to-consumer marketplace. “Epic and Bandcamp share a mission of building the most artist-friendly platform that enables creators to keep the majority of their hard- earned money,” the company wrote. # ⚓ Variety ☛ Epic_Games_Acquires_Bandcamp_as_‘Fortnite’ Maker_Expands_Into_Music⠀⇛ Under Epic Games’ ownership, Bandcamp will operate as a standalone marketplace and music community, and it will continue to be led by CEO and co-founder Ethan Diamond. # ⚓ Los Angeles Times ☛ What_does_Bandcamp’s_sale_to_Epic Games_mean_for_independent_music?⠀⇛ Since the announcement on Wednesday that online music distributor Bandcamp, a central hub for independent artists and labels selling digital and physical media, has been sold to Epic Games, the gaming giant responsible for Fortnite, Gears of War and the Infinity Blaze series, musicians and fans have been expressing concern that their beloved platform is on its way to becoming another victim of multinational consolidation. “Honestly, this sucks. half the money i make off music comes from bandcamp, and even if things are fine for the next few months, this can only go in worse directions,” wrote singer Mel Stone in one widely quoted tweet. The sale was announced on social media by Bandcamp CEO Ethan Diamond, who wrote that the company would operate as a stand-alone entity within Epic’s ecosystem. Diamond, who did not disclose a sale price, will continue in his role. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ BitTorrent_is_Still_the_King_of Upstream_Internet_Traffic,_But_for_How_Long?⠀⇛ The latest Internet traffic report from bandwidth management company Sandvine shows that BitTorrent still accounts for the largest share of global upstream Internet traffic. There are quite a few regional differences though. At the same time, BitTorrent’s leading position is threatened by Google and regular HTTP traffic. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Hollywood_&_Netflix_Obtain_High_Court Orders_to_Block_Dozens_of_Pirate_Sites⠀⇛ The major Hollywood studios and Netflix, which together form the MPA, have obtained permission from the High Court in London to block dozens of additional pirate sites. The long list includes torrent sites TorrentGalaxy, Zooqle, TorrentLeech, MagnetDL and GloTorrents, plus a selection of unblocking portals and release blogs/DDL sites. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5968 ➮ Generation completed at 02:43, i.e. 148 seconds to (re)generate ⟲