𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Wednesday, June 01, 2022 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Thu 2 Jun 02:44:23 BST 2022 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmbeCDNgw26PG7ZP8jCJh22g61McxAC1dhY9WtinfiT912 QmUxQwv1jUfzi531ZuZrgpoeTEygBXJMeJirAMe6hn9xvc QmYCG1uZdDgMXspdLbXDQngGQ4yhXE6HgWMFpDUPkCaRGd QmTdhVnRhcX2HJtHu7hvsFB2dPhh13SYWRaYKwBnekmLnn QmWGuKVt9tMTyye5MHtLdeBL5hHhvDZoSE9g4AF3tHEXLb QmV77UUsBEhooN1dsoMAMhGoY8sFLrHFAQyWzaCs8HqHct QmXwe8jeZh6Do5S8g1LTRjAN8HWyTrQYN5F55Z6MpCv1VJ Qmc8X4uW8RnLD5zrXfPvxwXw7Nq2ZFGY57D6sF8akoXBLz QmYmvpg18UDAFnTbdqNMiYxSDxC7nUtBFhuAe5VeRpxJza QmUDTqvqrXc6psJWBRDhpDQ7KmoWYpr5GJR3VrxvKhjqyc Qme5YRqRD2nNFguK86DA7U515gXMgkk7XTh9q848YXMD91 QmcydyTo5aL4HeiG6DafkjkaNTwgnDyQLR43x4KdNjfVKw QmQpJuAsuxM7rmt71cHrnPYHq3yDfDViu6N7MVLqXMKNFi QmQdANbcTEaZJ6my2fyMJy8z7hLkDG3PSmwrg5BgrSJUWE QmeiAoJp2bFLnfeXRMywwDqmFDpxrnccTw79hv3XpSU1WA QmesZFZtaQyPujdg2nTczATr3E45jULmh5GbNNGVzmgHLE QmbdHztStntudMnkVURYKTyZxgmnBTbeqCSGw55fNBDyoC QmaXs6nissBVhNYAYHVGqvFS4Kfy7Nq2ECoYf2jAVZYgbq QmSHHTdp6sLdmKQogL17XxUxtwd4yBjY2Lb634AgE8Uiij Qmcr7RG6Vn1Qk6so2Qqdx9upsB4AxyT1yb7f2Khqv4fKwT QmZ6LkeL4fZh9DTpRFrBNgmYKFoJn8TvGhP6J84MfkvYcP ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ [Meme] EPO Enabled Massive Fraud in Theranos | Techrights ⦿ Gemini is Also a Good Documentation Tool for Programmers | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Illegal EPO Guidelines | Techrights ⦿ EPO Guidelines Are Illegal, Composed and Shaped by Special Interest Groups That Revel in Disregarding the European Patent Convention (EPC) | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Tuesday, May 31, 2022 | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Peeping Rowan | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Hole in One | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/fraud-in-theranos/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/gemini-as-a-go-to-tool/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/illegal-epo-guidelines/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/illegal-epo-guidelines-epc/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/irc-log-310522/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/peeping-rowan-epo/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/upc-hole-in-one/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/costa-rica-besieged-by-microsoft/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/istio-1-14/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/murena-one-is-here/#comments http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/pspp-1-6-0/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 68 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/fraud-in-theranos/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/fraud-in-theranos/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_EPO_Enabled_Massive_Fraud_in_Theranos⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Fraud at 6:37 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Context: Elizabeth_Holmes_Charged_With_“Massive_Fraud”_and_Team_Battistelli Rushes_to_Distance_Itself_From_Her 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Grant_or_reject?_Better_give_me_those_patents!⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Theranos_legitimised_by_'European'_Inventor_Award_and_armed with_European_Patents⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_and_Theranos:_Thank_you_for_the_endorsement._You_won't regret_it!⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Theranos_trolls⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Theranos_patents⦈_ Summary: The EPO is enabling corruption and fraud; then again, the EPO is run by people who themselves engage in corruption and fraud, so it’s a miracle that European authorities haven’t done a thing to tackle the problem ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⣴⡿⠿⠿⠂⣠⣾⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣾⡟⠉⠉⠉⠛⠀⣼⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⢰⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢠⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠉⠉⠁⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡩⣅⠠⠤⡷⠅⠈⢚⣻⣯⣟⡿⡿⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣙⠄⢁⡣⠀⠈⠙⠛⠃⣨⡯⣆⣄⠀⣰⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⠷⣧⣕⣒⠿⣒⡉⢁⠛⡹⢟⣻⣟⢿⣶⣤⣴⣾⣿⣶⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⡈⠡⠀⠔⠬⠒⢦⣯⡽⢏⢀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣿⡿⠀⣠⣾⣷⣦⣥⣊⡛⠓⠁⡀⠀⠀⠈⢙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠠⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡶⠶⠿⠿⠷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⢀⣀⡀⢀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⠀⣀⢀⡀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⣀⡀⢀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⡀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⣿⡿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣆⣿⣿⣸⣿⣾⡟⢻⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣟⢸⣿⢸⣿⡃⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⡟⠿⢿⣿⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⣸⣿⢸⣿⡁⣿⣷⣶⠐⣿⡇⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠙⠛⠉⠘⠋⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠈⠃⠘⠛⠀⠀⠙⠛⠁⠙⠃⠛⠀⠈⠋⠙⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠁⠙⠛⠉⠈⠛⠁⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠈⢩⣩⣯⣽⣭⣯⣭⣥⣤⠈⠛⢻⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣦⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣬⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠇⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢰⣠⣿⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⠿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣼⢳⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡎⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⡄⣆⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡷⠤⠤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢣⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣧⢹⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣬⣙⠂⠀⠠⠤⣤⣄⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠸⣻⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⠀⣤⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠳⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡍⣉⣉⠛⠻⠇⠀⢠⣤⣬⣝⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠋⢿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠂⠈⢛⠳⠛⠿⠷⠍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⣿⣿⡿⠋⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠉⠉⣗⠀⠀⠀⢉⠉⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⡿⠋⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡖⠐⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⠿⠻⠛⢹ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠅⠀⠈⠙⣣⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⣏⣉⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⠀⠀⣰⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉ ⠀⠀⣶⣿⣶⢾⣿⣧⡄⢠⡄⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢹⣇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⠀⢠⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢀⠀⣡⡀⣷⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⡥⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⡇⠀⣼⡇⠀⣰⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠙⠛⠛⢉⣿⣿⣶⠋⠀⠛⠃⢾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣵⡀⠀⠉⢿⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⠃⢰⣿⡇⢀⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⠀⣴⣿⣶⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣤⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣙⡏⠀⠈⠉⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿ ⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢫⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢈⣭⣠⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⡤⢸⣿⣿⣛⡋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⣾⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠿⠟⠷⠻⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⠱⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠟⠻⡟ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠇⣾⣿⣿⡟⠁⣤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢀⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣄⣤⣤⣤⡍⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⠀⣤⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠹⠋⠀⠠⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣽⡷⠂⣿⠀⣿⢸⡷⢺⣿⡇⢸⡷⣯⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠆⢸⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣼⡷⠀⣿⠿⣸⣿⡇⣿⢸⣿⢺⣿⡇⣿⡇⣻⣯⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠾⢿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠛⠛⠙⠛⠃⠛⠀⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠃⠈⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠙⠛⠃⠘⠙⠙⢛⣛⣃⠘⣃⣙⣛⡋⠛⠋⠙⠛⠙⠛⠀⠛⠀⠛⠙⠃⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠃⠙⠃⠙⠛⠘⠃⠀⢠⡴⠾⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⡀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠘⠃⠈⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⠛⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⢶⡴⣦⣶⠊⣿⣷⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣦⢰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢹⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠈⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠺⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠿⠟⠉⠀⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠷⠾⠷⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠿⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠓⠦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠍⠏⠋⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠲⠶⠦⠤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠿⠟⠛⠋⠀⠀⠙⢿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠾⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠉⡛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⢿⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠡⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⢀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⣴⣾⣿⣷⣄⠳⢜⡓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠰⢶⠀⠰⠄⠠⠰⠖⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠸⠋⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡦⡉⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣤⣌⡑⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣹⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⡀⢸⣿⢶⣶⣶⣦⣿⣿⣛⣉⣤⣿⣷⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣶⢶⣴⣦⣶⣯⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣦⣰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢽⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠻⠛⠋⠉⠛⠫⢤⣀⣀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⢟⠀⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠹⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠲⢤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢭⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠯⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠓⠶⠒⠤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠈⢻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⠻⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠟⠛⠛⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⡱⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠈⢀⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣆⡑⢮⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠰⢶⠀⠲⠄⠠⠰⠖⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⣈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠐⢶⣤⣄⡑⠢⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⢿⣿⠿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⡌⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠸⠿⠿⠶⢶⣶⣾⣿⣯⡀⢠⣺⣿⡟⢻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⠿⠿⠗⠀⠿⣿⣷⡜⠃⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣴⣦⣶⣆⣰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣦⣰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢹⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠀⠉⠀⠠⢤⣤⡀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠯⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠟⠙⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠒⢤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⠮⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠋⠛⠲⠒⠠ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠈⠻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠙⠟⠛⠛⡿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⠀⢀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⠄⠀⢠⣴⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠟⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⠂⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠋⠋⠻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠝⠃⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⡿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠂⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠃⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠓⠆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣓⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢀⢠⡡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⡟⢸⣇⣿⢸⣿⠗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣗⣾⣻⡆⣿⣿⡆⢰⣿⡀⣿⣟⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⣿⣶⣴⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⢸⡟⣿⢸⣿⡃⣿⢻⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢁⣼⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣴⣦⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⣦⢰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢸⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⡛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠛⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⠴⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠛⠒⠤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⢟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠄⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠝⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠊⠉⠀⠉⢩⠟⠛⠋⠀⠉⢹⣿⠋⣠⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⢇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⢯⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠰⢠⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠈⠻⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠢⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢲⡖⢰⡇⣷⢸⡿⠃⣿⢻⡇⣿⣿⡠⣷⣸⡇⣾⢻⡆⣿⣿⣆⣰⣿⣤⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣆⣿⣗⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠠⣿⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⢸⣟⣿⣸⣿⡃⣿⢹⣆⣿⣽⣧⣿⣿⣇⣿⣼⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣾⢶⣶⡆⣶⡶⣦⢰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢸⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠛⠋⠉⠙⠛⠛⠋⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠉⠹⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠛⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠉⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠉⣨⣿⡇⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠻⣎⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⢸⣯⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡆⠈⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠿⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡒⠀⠄⣾⡿⠆⢛⠟⠋⠀⠘⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣟⠛⠂⠸⢿⡟⢺⡇⣿⢰⡿⠃⣿⢿⡏⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣽⣿⣿⡿⠎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⢀⠀⠠⠐⠀⠄⠀⠈⠋⠀⠘⠃⣿⡇⢸⡟⣿⢸⣟⡁⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣤⠀⢀⣠⡤⠴⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠶⢶⣶⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣀⠀⡈⠙⠁⠘⠃⠋⠈⠛⠃⠛⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣛⣏⠈⠁⢈⣛⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠉⠉⠉⣦⣤⠇⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣦⣾⠇⢸⣷⣶⣦⣶⣶⡦⣶⣶⣦⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢿⣷⢾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣾⣿⣷⣷⢰⣶⣾⣶⣶⣦⢰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣐⠿⠿⣿⣿⣅⢻⡟⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⡇⣿⣿⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⢸⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡟⠀⠀⣿⡟⠃⠘⠃⢠⣟⢿⠛⠛⠿⠟⠃⠛⠙⠃⠛⠿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⠘⠛⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⢛⡃⢻⡟⠛⠋⠛⠛⠃⠛⠘⠛⠛⠀⠀⢿⠀ ⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣶⣾⠿⣦⠜⣳⡀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⡢⢿⠁⢸⡂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠃⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⠀⠘⠰⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂ ⣿⡿⠃⠉⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠙⠁⠈⠁⠬⢛⣿⣿⡆⣴⣷⡦⣠⣴⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣡⣿⣿⣿⣟⡻⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠰⢿⣿⢟⣯⣭⣥⣭⣧⣤⣤⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣉⡀⠀⠈⠰⣗⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣢⣴⣿⡇⢀⡠⢴⣿⡷⠚⢉⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀ ⣴⠀⣀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣯⣵⣶⣶⡮⣿⣷⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠠⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠿⢿⠻⠻⠎⢉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣡⣴⣤⣤⣤⣈⢷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠿⠁⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣻⣿⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡐⢧⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⡿⠿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣄⣀⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠈⠻⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢫⣥⣴⠾⠿⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠺⣶⠀⠀⠄⠠⠠⠔⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡘⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣯⡉⠀⠘⠙⠛⠋⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠇⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠂⠀⢰⣿⠿⠘⠻⠛⠁⠀⠘⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣷⠉⠁⠀⠘⣿⡟⢺⡇⣿⢰⣿⠃⣿⢿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣽⣿⣿⡻⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠘⠀⣹⡇⢸⡟⣿⢸⣟⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⡴⠀⢀⣄⡤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠶⢶⠆⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠉⠉⠁⠘⠃⠉⠘⠛⠃⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠣⣼⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠙⠉⢰⣤⣼⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⣿⣷⣾⢶⡶⣶⣿⠆⢿⣶⣶⣶⣶⢲⣦⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⣿⢶⣶⢦⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⢰⣶⣿⣶⣶⣦⢰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡘⠿⠿⣿⣿⡅⢻⡟⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⡿⣯⢸⡇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠃⠀⢰⣿⠛⠃⠘⠃⣼⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⢿⡃⠛⠘⠃⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠘⠛⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢃⣛⡛⣿⡛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠃⠛⠘⠛⠛⠀⠸⠇⠀ ⣶⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⠿⣦⡀⣈⣡⣤⣄⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣩⣾⣿⣿⡿⠿⠷⠐⠋⢾⣋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⠀ ⣿⠟⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⢹⡿⠛⠀⠉⠴⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢸⣿⣥⠀⠈⠳⣶⣼⣏⡿⠟⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣁⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⡿⢄⣒⣩⣿⣿⣅⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠻⣷⡄⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣇⣀⣀⡀⢠⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣋⣤⣄⣀⢻⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡗⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠤⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢟⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⣿⣿⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢰⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠛⠻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡼⢿⠀⠀⠀⢉⣱⡿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠁⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⠉⢽⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠈⠉⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠳⣦⠀⠐⠄⠠⠠⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣧⠴⠿⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠜⠀⠓⠶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠟⠉⢳⡄⡘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⢀⢀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣸⠀⠄⣼⣿⠷⠛⠟⠛⠀⠌⠟⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⠏⠃⢠⠘⣿⡟⢸⣇⣿⢸⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⠉⠀⠄⠀⠈⠛⠀⠉⠋⠀⣿⡇⢸⣟⣿⣸⣿⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡆⠀⣠⣠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠲⠶⣶⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣠⣄⡘⠉⠙⠛⠙⠋⠛⡘⢛⠃⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢛⠛⠛⣶⣭⡏⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢿⣿⣷⣷⢶⡶⣾⣿⠾⢷⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⣶⣰⣾⡇⣶⣶⣦⣶⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠻⠿⢻⣿⣿⡅⢻⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢽⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⣯⢸⣧⣿⠀⠀⠄⠀ ⠀⠀⣼⡟⠛⠃⠘⢳⣿⣻⣿⡛⢿⠛⢟⠃⠛⠘⠃⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣧⣛⣻⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠘⠛⠛⠠⠿⡄⠀ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣶⣾⠿⢿⡟⢿⣦⣐⣙⣦⣴⡄⣴⡆⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣿⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣉⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣻⣿⣿⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠇⠀ ⡿⠃⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠠⠍⠃⠈⠳⢿⠉⣿⣿⣧⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣸⣿⣶⠊⢀⣠⣴⣿⡿⠟⢋⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡄⠀⠀⠐⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠈⣿⣷⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣁⣄⣀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡛⢿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣼⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⣿⡿⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠠⢤⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⣿⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠚⣹⣶⣾⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠋⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⢻⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠁⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠇⡇⠀⠀⠠⠾⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⡼⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠧⡋⠉⣻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⠏⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠘⠻⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠀⠐⠏⠙⢛⠟⠘⢶⣦⣤⣄⢠⣤⣿⡿⠿⡛⢷⣀⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠞⠲⣶⠀⠰⠄⠠⠠⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠹⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠇⣀⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣟⠠⠤⣿⡿⢟⠛⠟⠃⠀⡽⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⡿⣝⣀⡀⡘⣿⡟⢸⣇⣿⢸⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠚⠉⠐⠀⠀⠉⠃⠈⠙⢁⡅⣾⡇⢸⣟⣿⣸⣿⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡐⠞⢶⡇⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⣤⣠⠏⠣⡙⠻⡙⠋⠛⠘⡛⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡿⠻⣿⣬⣽⠃⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⢷⣴⣿⣷⢿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣖⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣶⣴⣿⡆⣶⣶⣦⢴⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠻⠛⣻⣿⣿⡅⢿⡟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢹⣧⣿⠀⢀⠀⠀ ⠀⣠⣿⠛⠛⠃⠘⣿⣟⣿⣿⠻⡟⠛⡟⠃⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⠘⠛⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣗⣻⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠚⠛⠛⠼⣷⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⢾⣷⣾⠿⠿⣿⢿⣷⣖⣸⣱⣶⣆⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⢀⡀⠀⠀⣀⣭⣴⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣭⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⠄⠀ ⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠼⠋⠉⠙⠿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣼⣿⣿⣍⣠⣴⣾⣿⡿⠛⢉⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠆⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢻⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⡁⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣀⡸⢿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣠⣀⡀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣀⣈⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣛⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡟⠛⠻⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡏⡙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡼⠟⠛⠁⠈⠁⠀⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⠿⢿⡇⠢⢻⠋⠀⠀⠀⠘⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠙⠁⡆⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡺⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣾⠿⠿⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⠏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣤⣤⠈⣈⢉⣉⣛⣿⣿⣿⣽⡄⢰⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢀⣴⠾⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠋⠀⠈⠙⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠛⠉⠿⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠗⠲⣦⠀⠂⠄⠠⠠⠖⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣜⠀⠖⢼⣿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣇⢹⣃⣠⠀⠙⢿⡟⢸⡇⣿⢸⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠐⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⠉⠋⢀⠠⣼⡇⢸⣟⣿⢸⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣧⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢀⣀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠲⠳⡾⠀⠀⢀⡀⢀⣰⣄⡜⠙⠀⠙⠃⠘⠋⠛⠘⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣮⣋⡟⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⢶⣼⣷⣾⢿⣿⣶⣾⢿⣶⣶⣗⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣿⣽⣿⡶⣶⣶⣦⢴⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⢛⣿⣿⢻⡅⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢹⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⢸⡇⣿⠀⡀⠀⠀ ⢀⣾⡟⠛⠛⠃⢻⣿⢻⣿⡟⢿⠋⠛⠟⠃⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡙⠛⠘⠛⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠙⠛⠻⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡴⣿⣶⣿⠿⣿⡟⣿⣦⣐⣉⣤⣶⠄⣠⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣏⣀⡀⠀⠀⣠⣥⣷⣿⡿⢿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⡇⠀⠀ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠁⠋⠻⢿⢙⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣥⣤⡶⣿⣿⣿⡋⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀ ⠀⠈⠘⣟⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠿⢿⣿⣿⣧⣈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣘⡿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣀⣀⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡿⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡉⠙⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⢙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠟⠛⠁⠈⠀⠀⠉⠉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⡇⠙⠻⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⢠⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡘⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣿⠿⣿⠬⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⢴⣤⣀⣀⣉⣭⣝⣿⣿⣿⣾⣧⢀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⣴⠾⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠁⠙⠁⠙⡻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠆⠰⢰⠀⠀⠄⠠⠠⠖⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠟⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠃⠰⢸⣿⡿⠟⡟⠛⠁⠀⠙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⡧⠉⢁⣀⠀⠈⠛⢿⡟⢸⡇⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠊⠁⠂⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠛⠁⠀⠤⣸⣇⣸⣟⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣄⣀⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠷⣾⠂⠀⠀⣀⠀⣠⣆⣨⠉⠀⠈⠛⠃⠙⠃⠛⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣷⣟⣻⢻⡍⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣏⠸⣷⣶⣽⣶⣷⣾⣷⣾⣷⢶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡦⣶⣶⣦⢰⡶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⣿⣤⣿⢻⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢻⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⡇⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣴⡟⠘⠛⠛⠣⣿⢻⣿⣟⢻⡛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠘⠛⠈⢻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣹⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠛⠛⢛⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡴⢿⣶⡾⠿⢿⡿⢹⣦⡔⡀⢠⣰⡄⢠⡄⡾⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣧⣠⠄⠀⢀⣠⣴⣾⣿⠿⣻⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣮⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣧⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠛⠿⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡷⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⢾⣿⣿⣿⣉⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠐⢟⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠺⠟⣿⣿⣧⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣘⡻⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣄⠀⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡟⢉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⠉⠉⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⠿⠛⠉⠉⠁⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡟⠿⠗⠛⣽⣧⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢰⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣐⠇⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⢿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡏⢥⣤⣄⣀⣬⣬⣭⣿⣿⣿⡶⣷⠀⡇⠀⠉⠛⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⣾⠿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠻⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠉⢻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠰⢲⠀⠠⠄⠠⠠⠖⠂⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠟⡞⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣠⡋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣴⠃⠀⢸⣿⠗⠈⠁⠉⠀⠀⠈⠙⠐⠚⠛⢿⡿⣿⣿⣈⠉⣧⠀⢠⣶⠿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⠻⣦⣽⣿⣦⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣾⠟⢺⣾⢹⡃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⣀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡋⠁⢀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⣤⣼⢹⣻⣿⣷⣽⣧⣼⣿⡄⠀⠉⠈⠿⠷⣦⣴⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠻⢻⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠃⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁ ⠳⢿⠏⠷⠁⠀⠙⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣆⣿⡟⣷⣾⡿⠀⠉⠉⠁⠘⠿⠳⣄⠀⢠⣶⡞⠛⣿⡟⠃⣾⣿⡠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠠⢤⣿⡆⠀⠀⣶⠄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣃⣤⠀⢄⣀⣠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⣿⠇⠀⠈⣠⠀⣠⣄⡀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⡿⣿⣿⣫⣤⢄⣄⣰⣦⢤⡤⣾⡿⠓⠰⠋⠙⣿⣟⣤⣶⣿⣿⠿⠓⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⠇⢠⡴⣤⣦⢋⠉⣠⠟⠛⠿⠳⣦⣟⣿⢿⡟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣟⠸⠇⣬⣽⠀⠫⣜⣀⣼⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣆⣠⣤⣮⣠⣄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣏⣩⣟⣱⣿⣻⠄⠀⠐⠓⠛⢻⡞⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⡟⠻⣛⡃⠉⡀⠗⠒⠤⠀⢀⣩⣿⢩⡤⣂⡤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢻⣿⣥⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⡀⠀⣀⡙⣿⠉⣼⠟⠿⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣾⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣬⡿⣿⠋⠉⠀⠐⠉⢀⣀⠀⢁⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⣿⠑⣀⠀⢸⣽⣿⣿⡃⢻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠊⠉⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⡟⢹⣏⣠⡄⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡿⠟⢉⣽⣧⣄⣀⠀⠙⡦⠉⠀⠀⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⢠⣾⡏⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⡿⢿⡿⢻⣦⡀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⠄⠉⣽⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠐⡻⠟⣫⣵⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⢼⣷⠀⠀⠀ ⣉⡁⣀⣀⡌⠁⠠⠜⠁⠈⠑⠾⠍⣿⢛⡄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣴⡿⠘⣋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⠗⣠⣤⣽⣆⠀⠠⠄⢺⡭⢀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣻⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⠿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠇⢸⠷⠄⠀⠀⠘⢷⣤⣀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣵⣶⣶⣤⡤⠔⢻⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣾⣿⣿⡄⠀⣈⠀⣀⠀⠀⡌⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡶⣾⡇⠀⠁⠀⠀⡠⠘⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⣀⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣵⣮⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠐⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣷⡟⣷⠆⠀⢠⣦⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⡋⢉⣰⣶⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀ ⣿⡿⢰⠟⠃⠀⠀⠉⠉⡀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⡅⠀⡀⣸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⠄⠀⡰⣶⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣵⣿⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡇⠈⠉⢿⠃⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⠀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠛⠫⢹⡎⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢠⣾⣿⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠘⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠺⠿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠈⠙⠛⠙⠻⠟⠉⠙⠋⠹⠋⠙⢻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠶⠶⣶⠏⢶⠤⠴⠶⠶⠆⠀⠀⠐⢰⣿⣿⣿⢣⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠋⠀⠀⠈⠑⠶⣤⠀⣀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡇⠀⠀⣿⡟⠀⠁⠉⠁⠀⠈⠙⠁⠒⠛⢻⡽⣿⣿⣉⡈⢻⡀⠀⢤⢾⢿⣽⣿⣿⡟⠿⠿⣦⣘⣿⣦⣘⣷⣿⣿⣷⣷⣆⣰⡾⠰⣶⣻⡕⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⠀⠀⠀⠺⣿⡟⠙⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⢤⣼⠟⣹⣿⣷⣌⣧⣬⣿⡄⠀⠘⠉⠿⠷⣦⣠⣾⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⡟⣿⡇⠀⠈⠉⠡⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀ ⢿⡏⠳⠁⠀⠙⠀⠈⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣿⡞⣷⣾⡿⠄⠉⠉⠉⠉⢿⠷⢄⠀⠀⣴⣶⠿⣿⡟⠓⣰⣾⣧⠼⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠀⠀⢠⡄⢠⣿⣿⣿⠏⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡇⠀⠈⣀⠀⣠⣄⣀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡷⢿⣿⣿⣤⡀⣀⢰⡦⠤⡤⢰⠿⠗⠠⠟⠙⢾⡿⣁⣴⣾⣿⡿⠟⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢀⣠⣄⣤⣚⠈⢉⡛⠿⠿⢿⣦⡻⢻⢿⣿⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡸⠇⣤⡭⠀⠋⣌⣁⣴⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⣀⣤⣔⣩⣄⠘⣫⣻⣿⣿⣎⣏⣉⣿⢱⣿⣻⡄⠀⠀⠲⠚⢻⡶⣹⣿⣾⣿⣿⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢸⠻⠞⠋⠈⢁⡸⠐⠠⠀⠀⢋⣿⠋⣤⡕⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣧⠄⠀⠀⢙⣽⣿⣿⣏⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡿⠿⢾⣶⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣀⡘⢻⠋⢩⣿⠟⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠏⠈⠀⠉⠒⠀⣀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⠑⢀⠀⠐⣿⣟⣏⣟⠹⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠆⠉⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⡿⢹⣿⣠⣴⠄⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠾⠋⣹⣷⣦⣤⠄⠘⠄⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⢀⣾⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⡿⢿⡾⢻⣆⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣷⣄⠉⣻⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢈⠽⠛⣩⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢩⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⡁⢀⢀⡄⠁⠀⠜⠉⠀⠙⠶⠍⢰⢟⡄⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⣠⡾⠘⢋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡿⣢⣴⣶⣶⣀⠀⠤⠐⠫⡅⣀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡁⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠏⠨⠓⠄⠀⠀⠉⣷⣤⣄⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⡶⠀⢿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⠀⠐⠀⣀⠀⠀⣈⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⡧⣾⡏⠀⠁⠀⠀⠠⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣭⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠘⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⠸⣳⠦⠀⢠⣦⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠷⠛⠉⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⢰⡟⠃⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣾⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⢿⠻⣿⣿⡟⠁⡀⣼⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣾⣿⠆⠀⡰⣶⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠙⠋⠁⠀⠀⢀⣀⣴⣶⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣵⣿⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡟⠀⠁⠹⠃⠀⢸⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⣿⢿⠀⠀⠙⠫⢻⡆⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣠⡄⠀⢀⣴⣿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠁⠹⠟⠻⠿⠋⠉⠁⠉⢻⡏⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⡿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠈⠙⠛⠉⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⢩⠋⠙⢻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠞⠶⣶⠯⢶⠶⠰⠶⠶⠖⠀⠐⢠⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠘⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠁⠀⠈⠐⠶⢤⠀⣀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡏⠀⠀⣿⡟⠂⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠙⠃⠶⠿⢿⡽⣿⣿⣃⡁⢛⡀⠀⣤⢬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣦⣘⣿⣦⡘⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⡶⠯⣦⡟⡯⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣟⢙⡀⡀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⢤⣤⠟⣻⣿⣿⣬⣧⣤⣿⣇⠀⠙⠋⢻⣷⣦⣀⣴⣿⠟⣿⣿⡿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠻⠻⣿⡀⠉⠉⠣⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡦⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀ ⡏⠻⠁⠀⠙⠃⠈⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⠇⠉⠋⠉⠙⢿⡿⢄⠀⠀⣠⣦⠿⣿⣿⠷⢰⣾⣿⣔⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⡿⠇⠀⢠⡄⢀⣻⣿⣿⠟⢁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡧⠀⠈⣀⡀⣀⣄⣀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣷⢿⣿⣟⣅⡀⣠⡀⣦⠤⢠⣵⠾⠷⠄⡿⠙⣶⡿⣃⣤⣼⣿⣿⣟⡛⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣠⣄⣬⡓⠚⢋⣻⠿⢿⢿⣤⣲⢿⣿⣿⠷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⡸⠇⣤⣭⡇⠻⣞⣁⣠⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣀⣤⣴⣉⣄⠘⢻⣻⣿⣿⡏⣿⡙⣿⣳⣾⣿⡄⠀⠀⠶⠸⠿⣯⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣧⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⣿⠾⠟⠙⠃⣹⠤⢀⠀⠈⠛⣿⠛⣫⡩⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣧⡄⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣏⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡿⠿⢿⣷⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢀⠀⢀⡒⢷⡟⢩⣽⠿⠃⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣇⠀⠈⠀⠐⠀⢀⣶⣿⡟⠓⠛⠩⠝⠂⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠙⢀⠀⠀⣿⡟⣿⣟⠙⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⠆⠉⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣴⣶⣶⣿⢻⣿⢁⣬⡿⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠟⢉⣷⣶⡶⠤⠴⠄⣘⡁⠈⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⢀⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⣿⣷⣾⡿⢿⣿⢻⣦⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣷⣦⡟⣻⣿⠇⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠭⢛⣩⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⢀⣤⠃⠀⠼⠋⠀⠙⠾⠏⢹⡟⡆⠀⠀⠀⠈⠦⣀⢠⡾⠙⢛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⣴⣶⣷⣦⡀⠀⠒⡚⠷⢆⣄⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠻⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠆ ⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⠏⠈⠑⠄⠀⠀⢸⠿⣦⠴⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⢘⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢦⣴⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡈⠴⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰ ⠼⣻⠶⠀⢠⣦⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠓⡴⠟⢉⣀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⢰⡟⠃⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⡿⠿⠛⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣛⠈⠿⣿⡇⠀⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⣾⣿⠆⠀⡰⣶⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠏⠀⢰⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣿⡿⠿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⢸⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄ ⣿⡿⠀⠀⠛⠿⢻⡎⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣤⣬⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠘⠛⠻⠛⠉⠙⢿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠐⠢⠻⣿⣿⡟⣀⣀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠃⠀⠀⠁⠐⠃⠈⠹⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠿⠶⣶⠯⢷⠖⠰⠶⠶⠖⠐⢠⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢾⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡿⢿⡿⠉⠙⠓⠢⠀⠤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⡜⠀⠀⣿⡟⠂⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⠙⠃⠶⠛⢻⣿⢿⣿⣇⡉⠛⡄⠀⣨⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣧⣘⣿⣦⡘⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⡎⣥⡟⣿⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠ ⠀⠀⠸⣿⣟⠝⠀⡀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⢠⣤⠟⣛⣿⣿⣆⣗⣤⣿⣇⠀⠉⠋⢻⣿⣦⣀⣼⣿⠟⣿⣷⡿⢿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠝⢹⣧⠙⠃⢳⡀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀ ⠹⠅⠀⠈⠃⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣶⢻⣶⣿⡇⠙⠛⠉⠙⠻⡿⣄⠀⠀⣠⣦⠾⢿⣿⠿⢠⣮⣿⣷⣚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⠿⠀⢀⡀⢀⣻⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⣁⡅⣀⣤⣀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣵⢾⣿⣟⣇⡀⣀⠠⣦⡤⢀⣴⢾⠷⠄⡽⠛⢶⡿⣏⣠⣼⣿⣿⣟⣋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣈⠡⠖⠛⢻⣿⣶⣾⣄⢴⢶⣾⣿⠧⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠇⢤⡭⡇⠚⣞⣁⣠⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⢀⣠⣴⣉⣅⠈⢻⣻⣿⣿⠏⣿⡛⣻⢓⣾⢾⡂⠀⠀⠴⠼⠿⣯⢿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣾⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢸⣿⠿⠑⠃⢸⠡⠄⡀⠈⠙⣿⠾⣋⡻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠄⠀⠀⠙⣽⣿⣿⢏⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡿⠿⢿⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢀⡐⢷⡟⢙⣽⡿⠛⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣷⣄⠈⠁⠀⠈⢀⣦⣾⡿⠓⠏⠑⠪⠈⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣠⣶⢲⣠⣼⠇⠉⠋⠉⠉⠩⠻⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⠸⢿⣿⠷⢠⣬⣤⣧⣊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠀⢀⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⠾⣿⠟⡁⠀⢀⠀⢤⠀⢀⢀⠲⠦⠄⠹⠃⢤⡾⠃⣠⣬⣿⢽⣟⢉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠁⠀⠋⠳⠿⢤⣞⡄⠰⢶⣞⡛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠇⢤⠍⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⣀⣄⠀⣀⠀⢉⣛⣿⣴⠎⠘⠉⣓⠀⣴⠒⡀⠀⠀⠤⠘⠷⡯⠛⢛⡁⣿⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢸⣶⠟⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⠞⢃⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠄⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡿⠿⠽⣶⣾⠳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠷⠞⢈⣡⡿⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣢⣾⡟⠁⠉⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⠀⠀⣬⡛⡋⠀⠐⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠄⠀⠙⠛⠛⠻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣶⣿⠛⣾⢀⣈⣭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠉⢤⣾⡾⣒⣒⣀⣼⣭⣉⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠀⣠⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣷⣾⠿⠿⡆⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣷⣄⡹⢻⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠠⠀⠀⢈⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢛⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⡀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⢠⠘⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠠⢀⠀⠜⠀⠋⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣾⣿⣿⢤⣀⣀⡉⠐⠂⣴⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣈⠹⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀ ⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡿⠆⠖⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣫⠁⣸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀ ⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡠⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀ ⢠⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣄⡄⣤⣤⡀⠀⣬⡅⣤⣤⣮⣥⣤⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠸⣟ ⠟⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣻⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣽⣿⠆⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣻⣯⡀⠻ ⣿⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⠟⠛⠛⠙⠛⣻⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⠛⣿⣿⡿⠛⠻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣾⠿⠿⠟⠻⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠘⠛⠛⠃⠛⠹⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠁⠛⠛⡁⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠙⠊⢻⡎⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⠐⠁⠀⠀⢠⣶⣿⡿⠿⠛⠀⣿⠿⠻⠟⠛⢻⣿⠿⠋⢁⡼⠀⠀⠐⠀⠉⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠲⣶⠯⢷⠕⠰⠶⠶⠶⢠⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⡄⠀⠢⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⢀⡈⠀⠀⢸⡇⠂⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠠⠘⠻⣏⢿⣿⡇⠀⠘⠀⠀⢈⡨⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣧⡀⢺⣀⡀⠈⣵⣾⣿⣿⠟⢷⣤⡈⣁⡀⠐⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀ ⠀⠐⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠞⠉⣿⣿⣄⣁⣀⣸⢇⠀⠀⠋⠁⢿⢤⡀⣨⣵⡿⣿⡇⣸⠟⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡝⠃⠒⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⢰⣀⣴⡇⠉⠛⠉⠉⠉⠟⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠈⢿⣿⠿⠀⣬⣡⣴⣆⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⡀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣾⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠾⢾⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⢄⡀⠀⠀⠠⠦⠀⠸⠋⢤⣾⠏⢀⣀⣿⠅⣿⡋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠁⠀⠚⠫⣿⣦⡶⡀⢠⣤⣴⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⠌⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠈⢁⠀⠀⡘⣿⣴⠌⢐⠛⣒⠀⣠⠔⠀⠀⠀⠠⠌⠷⣎⠙⠛⠋⢰⣿⣷⢷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⠃⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢷⠶⠇⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠻⠧⣤⣼⡷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣟⣴⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠷⠔⠘⣁⡾⠃⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⢻⣿⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡾⠃⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣬⡛⠛⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠄⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣴⣾⠛⣾⠂⠈⣹⡅⠀⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠐⠾⢛⣭⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠀⢀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⣶⠿⠻⠆⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣯⡄⠙⢺⣽⠟⠁⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠠⠔⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⣀⠈⠁⠋⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣾⣿⣟⣢⣤⣴⣤⣀⣄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣤⣙⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡷⠖⠋⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠽⠆⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⢠⣄⣤⣄⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⡀⠀⣤⡄⣬⣽⣿⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣧⡄⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⡿⣠ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⡇⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⠆⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⣻⣯⣿⡿ ⠀⠀⠠⣼⣿⣿⡟⠛⠃⠛⠛⠳⠛⣿⡛⠛⠛⠋⣿⠿⠛⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠟⠿⣛⠛⠀⠛⠛⠛⠻⡿⠿⢿⣿⣟⠛⠘⠛⠛⠃⠛⠙⠛⠓⠛⠛⠃⠛⠀⠛⡛⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠐⠚⢻⡌⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⠀⠀⠰⠏⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⠋⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡭⠟⠉⠙⠇⠈⠀⢉⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢷⠄⠰⠶⠶⢶⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠋⠛⠩⠁⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡇⠂⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠐⠓⠠⠐⠛⢟⠻⣿⡇⠀⠐⠂⠀⢈⣀⣻⡟⣻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣧⡀⢸⢇⠀⠈⢩⣾⣿⣿⡿⠻⢧⣤⢛⠀⠠⠀⢠⣿⣿⣯⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡰⠋⢹⣾⣄⠀⢀⢰⣇⠀⠈⠙⠉⣼⢄⡀⢈⣩⣾⢿⡿⠀⡟⢛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠶⠰⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠂ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠤⡄⣰⣎⠈⠛⠙⠉⠉⡘⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡈⢿⣿⢿⠁⣈⡁⣴⣶⣥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣽⡞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⡀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡬⢶⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠀⠘⠟⢀⣴⡛⢀⣀⣹⡁⢼⣯⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠉⠀⠴⢻⣽⣍⣤⠂⢀⣠⣤⣦⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⡈⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠐⢿⣤⡌⢁⠚⠐⠀⢀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢷⣄⡛⠟⠋⠁⣾⡿⡿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⡂⠄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⢶⣥⡏⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁ ⠀⠀⢨⣾⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⠛⠇⣤⣼⡷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣴⡞⣡⣾⣶⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⡴⠀⠂⣰⠋⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣟⣿⠷⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⠆⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⡛⠛⠁⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠘⠛⠓⠛⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣤⣴⠖⢴⠆⠀⣙⡋⠀⠰⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠐⠈⣉⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⠿⠷⠆⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡄⠙⢶⣽⡟⢃⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠊⠁⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠻⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠾⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⣀⡀⠉⠉⠙⣻⠙⠻⢿⣿⣷⣶⣮⣯⣉⣀⣩⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣻⣭⣷⣶⣿⣿⣤⠴⠄⢾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠙⠛⠷⠤⣼⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣝⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⣄⠃⢠⣘⣃⣤⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡼⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣄⡀⣤⣄⣤⣄⡄⣤⣤⡄⠀⣤⡄⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣧⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣿⢂⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⢡⣿⣿⣻⣿⡇⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣹⣿⠿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢹⣿⠆⣿⣿⡇⣿⠀⣻⣿⣿⠇ ⠀⠠⣠⣼⣿⡟⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠗⣾⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠻⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠛⡙⠛⠘⠛⠛⠃⠛⠘⠛⠓⠛⠛⠃⠛⠀⠛⠛⠁⠀ ⠀⠑⠚⢛⡌⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠟⠋⠁⢀⣠⣴⣏⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡘⠀⠺⠷⠿⠹⠧⡅⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢶⠄⠰⠶⢶⣿⣶⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡾⠿⠿⠛⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⠛⠃⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠟⠟⠻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠃⣺⡾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠐⣹⣿⡿⠿⠛⠻⢦⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠲⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠘⢻⣦⣄⠐⠀⠀⣗⠀⠈⠩⠉⣩⡇⡉⠀⣛⣤⢿⣷⠀⠸⠋⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣯⠠⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⡄⢀⣈⠐⠛⠓⠚⠉⠑⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⠁⢱⣾⣿⠋⢀⡛⢀⣾⠷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣻⡽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡬⠷⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠟⠁⣠⡟⠀⠀⠸⡃⢡⣷⣶⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠐⠀⢠⠾⣻⡝⢁⡄⠀⢀⣀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠁⢶⡂⣄⠀⠐⠃⠄⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢫⡄⠒⠿⠟⠁⣼⢿⠟⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠐⢠⣍⡛⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣶⣿⠿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠛⠋⣀⣤⡶⣴⣾⣾⣿⣦⣶⣄⡼⢃⣴⣷⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣀⠄⠖⢠⡧⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣫⣿⣲⠤⠄⣀⣀⣠⣤⣬⣯⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⡜⠛⠁⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠛⠳⠚⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⢀⣀⣤⡶⠤⡆⠀⠀⠛⠀⠈⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⠁⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡾⠷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡻⢾⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡀⠘⢀⡀⠛⢁⣠⣤⠤⠀⣀⣀⠈⠁⠀⠀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⠹⣿⡆⠈⠁⢰⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⢻⣼⣿⣿⣆⡀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠈⠍⠁⢘⠗⣠⢞⣻⣭⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣒⡃⠈⣗⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⢾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠒⢫⣽⣇⣰⣯⣤⣶⣷⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣦⡤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⡄⠈⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣄⡀⠀⣤⣄⢠⡄⡄⣤⣤⡄⢀⣤⣼⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣷⣦⠀⠀ ⠀⠈⠁⢠⣿⣿⢸⣿⡯⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⢿⣿⣿⡈⣿⢿⣿⠆⣿⣿⡇⣿⠈⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⢀⡀⣾⡟⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠿⣣⣼⠫⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⡿⣿⡟⢛⡛⠛⠃⠛⠘⠛⠓⠛⠛⠃⠛⠀⠛⠟⠁⠀ ⠠⠜⠛⡌⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠲⣿⣿⡿⠋⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠲⣷⠀⢶⠄⠰⠴⣶⣶⣾⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡟⠉⣠⣾⣿⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠻⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠭⠌⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀ ⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠫⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠆⠉⠽⢿⠛⣿⣿⠇⠀⠤⠀⠀⠂⠰⣶⠿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡀⠀⣴⠀⠘⠐⢖⣿⠿⠛⠛⠙⠿⢴⠆⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣵⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢁⡜⠛⣧⣂⡀⠂⠀⣽⠉⠈⠑⠟⢙⣇⠉⠉⠛⣢⣷⣷⡆⠀⣻⣋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡆⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣈⢅⠀⣤⠃⠻⠗⠒⠒⠃⠇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⢹⣶⣿⡟⠁⠻⠀⣼⣋⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⣿⣿⣗⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣨⣥⣾⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢶⠏⢀⡽⠇⠁⠘⡟⢨⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠀⠀⣸⣿⣟⠋⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀ ⠀⠁⠀⠀⣠⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠁⠀⠉⢴⡆⣀⠒⠠⠏⠄⠀⢀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣍⠐⢾⠿⠛⠛⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⢠⣼⣧⡀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠚⠱⢀⡚⣻⢏⡍⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣦⣾⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⠿⢁⣀⣶⣤⣴⣶⣿⣯⣤⣄⣰⠃⣠⣶⣴⠄⠀⠀⠈⠀⢙⡏⡀⠠⠀⣤⠲⣦⡄⠲⠆⠈⠇⠀⢸⣩⢿⠷⠶⢀⣶⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣍⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣜⠛⠏⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠾⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣟⡀⠀⢀⣀⣴⢄⡄⠀⠐⠺⠁⢠⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⢶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡃⠀⠇⢄⠀⡀⢠⡦⠤⢀⣀⣤⡁⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⠃⢀⣶⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠓⠻⣯⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠙⠉⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⣀⣀⣈⣤⣀⣿⣿⠿⣿⣛⣫⣭⢄⣰⣷⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠋⡍⢉⣩⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡴⠈⠙⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⣰⡒⢨⣑⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⢠⣄⣄⣤⣤⡀⠀⣤⣄⣤⣤⣄⣼⣿⣷⣿⣥⣬⣭⣬⠀⣤⣠⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣶⣤⣤⠀⠀ ⠉⠃⠀⢠⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣟⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⢻⡷⢸⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠠ ⡀⡀⣶⣾⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⡿⠛⠃⠘⠋⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠻⠛⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢷⣿⣾⡿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠛⠋⠻⠟⠁⠀ ⠜⠿⡌⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣿⠿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠋⠙⠛⠻⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⠳⣶⠀⢶⠴⠰⣶⣶⣾⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⠇⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠿⠖⠀⠀⠀⠶⠆⠉⠉⠓⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⡐⠀⠀⢰⡿⠇⠘⠉⠘⠀⠀⠸⠯⢙⢻⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠃⢠⡀⠈⠹⠀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣰⡄⠘⡿⠾⠿⡤⠞⠛⠛⠿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠀⠉⠀⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠒ ⠏⠛⠀⠀⠈⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣨⠿⣷⣶⡀⠦⠀⢸⡏⠋⠓⡿⠟⣿⠙⠋⠹⢦⣽⣿⣦⠈⢾⠧⣒⠒⠐⡖⠒⠀⢈⣿⡭⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣌⢩⠀⣠⡟⠿⠿⠶⠶⠿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢻⣦⣾⣿⠋⠻⠇⣰⣾⣿⠿⣢⢄⡷⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⠀⣹⣿⣿⣟⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣻⣼⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢐⡀⠀⢶⡿⠈⣹⡿⠉⠐⣿⢾⡛⠉⠀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⣸⣿⣿⠟⢁⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⡄⠀ ⠸⠁⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠛⢵⣶⢠⡰⠠⠽⣅⡀⢀⣉⠉⠁⠈⠀⠹⣟⡡⣴⣿⡿⡊⢻⣿⣷⣴⣦⡀⡆⠀⢠⣶⣿⡇⠀⠉⠹⠿⠷⢿⡄⣰⠿⡿⣛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠄⠀⠀ ⣲⣾⣿⡟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣟⣀⣵⣤⣼⣶⣿⣿⣥⣌⣤⡶⣀⣾⣥⡆⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⣟⣀⢠⠤⣩⠜⣿⡿⢻⣿⣷⢷⠀⢸⡯⢿⠫⠵⠒⣲⣶⣦⣶⣾⣿⣿⣧⣭⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠿⠓⠸⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⡀⠈⠿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⣀⣠⣄⣩⠁⠠⢶⠟⠰⠿⠗⠚⠛⣉⠨⢥⣄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⡅⠒⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢯⡴⢀⣄⠺⠟⠛⠀⣤⣴⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠘⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠃⠀⠑⠀⠐⢀⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠟⠿⣟⣿⣿⣯⠁⢉⠁⠙⠛⠋⠀⠁⠀⠀⢀⡄⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠈⠁⢒⣲⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠈⠀⠀⠀⠲⠛⣫⠽⣛⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⣾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⡿⠿⠛⢋⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶ ⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣄⡀⠀⠀⢀⡏⢂⣛⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⣠⣄⣄⣼⣿⣇⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣧⣤⣼⣿⣧⣬⣽⣽⣧⠀⣤⢠⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛ ⠛⠀⢀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢹⣟⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢾⡿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠁⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀ ⡀⣴⣼⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣟⠛⠃⠘⠋⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠀⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⢛⣛⣉⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⠟⠛⠂ ⠿⣎⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠩⠿⠿⠏⠁⠙⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣁⡝⠋⠁⠀⢰⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⠟⠶⣶⠏⢶⠆⣴⣶⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⠉⠉⠋⠻⠿⠿⠀⠈⠋⠁⠴⠄⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⡆⠠⠀⣿⡿⠬⠿⠟⠃⠀⠨⢿⢛⣛⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡹⢤⣄⠀⠛⠇⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⢠⣆⠘⣿⣷⣿⣧⢠⢽⠟⠻⢿⣧⡀⠉⠁⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡛⡆⠛⠇⣴⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢀⡶⠀⢸⠀ ⠟⡇⠀⠀⠙⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠙⢫⡿⢿⣶⣄⢰⡆⢀⣷⠛⠳⣾⣿⢿⡟⠛⠻⢶⣼⣿⣦⠈⢷⣿⣔⣚⠒⠶⣶⡶⢼⣿⣿⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⠈⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣻⣏⣸⣼⠿⢿⠾⠿⢾⣿⡆⠀⠈⠀⠿⠿⣧⣴⣿⠟⢹⣿⢡⣶⣿⠿⠿⣷⣼⣿⣿⢄⢟⠻⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠆⠀⠀ ⣀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣟⣧⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢑⣄⠀⢰⣾⡟⢻⣿⠛⢃⣾⣶⣿⣿⣧⣠⣶⡿⣟⠋⠁⠸⠀⠀⣼⣙⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⠈⠀ ⠯⠜⠁⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡔⠛⠋⢻⢯⣾⣦⣰⢧⣽⣷⣀⢂⣟⡛⠓⠘⠃⠻⣿⣫⣴⣶⣿⣟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡇⠀⢶⣶⣷⡟⡛⢙⡿⣧⣾⣧⣰⣶⣶⣿⡿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣍⡍⠀⠀ ⣾⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣷⣾⣿⣇⣺⣦⣴⣶⣿⣿⣯⣼⣦⣵⣧⣿⣯⣷⠀⠀⠘⠃⠙⣷⢋⣯⣽⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⢿⠿⠽⠖⠓⣠⣤⣤⣽⣿⣶⣯⣙⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀ ⢿⠿⠗⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣉⠩⢿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠠⠀⢠⣤⣙⡏⢁⡵⠿⣃⣿⣛⠛⠉⠩⠥⠛⢶⡶⠀⠀⢀⡤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣮⡿⣦⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡿⠫⢿⠟⡫⠶⠛⠋⠉⠰⠶⢾⣟⡠⠤⠾⠒⠀⠀⡈⠃⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠀⠛⣃⡴⢠⣲⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠞⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⣋⠙⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⢈⢀⡞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠘⠟⠋⠀⠈⠛⠿⠿⡿⡟⣿⣿⣾⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠃⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠴⠉⠀⠀⠰⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡃⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣀⠀⠀⢀⣾⢷⣛⣿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠰⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣤⣄ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⣠⣤⣴⣿⣿⣄⢀⣾⣿⣿⣯⣦⣴⣿⣿⣬⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⣤⢠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⡄⣦⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣤⣭⣩⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠅⢀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣾⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⡷⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢰⣼⠄⠘⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⣟⣿⣧⣿⣿⠛⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⡟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠻⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣷⣼⡛⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠊⣿⣿⣦⣴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠴⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠻⠖⠲⣶⠿⣷⢶⣶⣶⣿⠗⣠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣀⡔⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣙⣿⣿⣍⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡇⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡰⢈⡁⢸⣿⡏⠿⠿⠟⠀⠀⢽⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⣆⠀⠛⣿⢠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠘⠇⣤⠈⢿⣷⣿⣧⡀⣸⣿⠿⢿⣿⣀⠰⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⠆⠹⣶⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⢀⣠⠏⢠⡄⠀ ⣿⠀⠀⠙⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠉⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣧⣄⢹⡦⠀⣶⡶⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣶⣘⣿⣧⡘⢻⣿⣏⣗⡚⠒⢶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣟⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠈⠁⠐⠀⠈⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⠀⠁⢦ ⠘⠰⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣹⣿⢅⣿⠿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣦⠀⠘⠁⠿⠿⣶⣠⣾⡿⠿⣿⡿⣤⣾⠿⠟⢿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠸⢷⣦⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣟⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⠛⣆⠀⢠⣴⡾⠻⣿⣿⠗⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣾⢿⣟⠉⢹⡟⠉⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠐⠃⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣁⣀⡈⠃⠀ ⣵⠋⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⢠⠾⠟⣻⣿⣽⣶⣤⣶⣹⣷⣂⠖⣟⣿⠓⠲⠛⠹⣾⢿⣢⣴⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠀⠀⣷⣶⣾⡿⠛⣿⣿⣶⣾⡀⣬⣦⣶⣶⣄⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⢀⣙⣻⠁⠀⠀ ⣶⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣵⣶⣿⣷⣲⣦⣠⣷⣿⣿⣿⣭⣧⣭⣯⣼⣿⣻⠄⠀⠐⠒⠛⢿⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣟⡷⠾⠯⣬⠉⢻⢿⣷⡿⠛⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠈⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣋⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⡀⠀⣀⡛⡿⠉⣭⡿⣟⣸⣿⣛⠛⠩⠭⠘⠳⣾⣷⣄⠀⢀⣤⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣃⡀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣧⡘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠁⠈⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⠟⢿⠿⣻⠵⠛⠛⠩⠔⠶⢿⣿⠯⠴⠭⠮⠻⠉⠉⠈⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠇⠙⣯⡦⠦⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⡛⠹⢿⠿⠋⠁⠀⢀⣅⣴⠃⠀⠂⠐⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠘⠿⠇⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠟⠟⠻⢿⢻⣿⣿⣇⣠⣔⡒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠟⣻⠄⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠞⠁⠀⠠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣦⣭⣿⣿⣿⠿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⢀⡿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠿⣻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⢾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⢀⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⣤⣤⣿⣿⣥⡄⣤⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣾⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣤⣦⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⡄⣤⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿ ⠀⡀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡷⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡏⣿⡏⣻⣯⡁⠙ ⣤⡇⠀⠘⠛⠛⢛⣿⣟⣿⡟⣳⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⡟⠻⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠻⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⡛⠃⠛⠃⣿⡟⠁⢰ ⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⣻⣿⠃⠛⠂⠖⠉⠒⠁⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣷⣀⠀⠀⢈⣤⠀⢹ ⠄⠖⠶⣶⡿⢷⣦⣴⣿⡿⠶⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⡟⣯⠹⣶⣦⣟⢻⣿⣿⣷⣿⠟⠁⠀⢸ ⠄⣉⢰⣿⣏⡻⡿⠿⠀⠈⢹⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢀⡀⠹⢿⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡔⠀⣀⡈⢿⣿⣴⣷⡀⠸⣿⡿⢶⣷⣄⡠⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢤⢰⣥⢀⣘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠧⠀⠀⢀⣖⢀⡄⠀⠠ ⠄⠀⠘⠻⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠙⠙⠷⣻⣿⣯⣬⠉⣧⠀⣰⣼⠿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣧⣄⣿⣧⡀⠿⣿⣿⡯⢞⡓⠦⣶⣮⣽⣿⣶⡎⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡌⠑⠠⠈⠈⢻⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠁⠀⠋⢠⠌ ⠺⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⣀⣐⣶⠏⣑⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣧⠀⠉⠋⢹⣿⣷⣄⣼⣿⡿⣿⡿⣆⣽⣿⡿⠿⣷⣤⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠸⢷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠴⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣹⣿⡿⠇⠀⠉⠀⠈⢹⠿⢦⠀⠀⣤⣶⠾⣿⣿⠿⢠⣯⣷⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣿⣿⠛⠻⣿⠋⠉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠫⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⡐⠉⠐⠂⠀⠀ ⡞⠁⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠴⠿⢻⣿⣿⣷⣄⣴⣒⣶⡄⡠⣽⢿⠷⠤⡿⠻⣶⣿⣏⣥⣽⣿⡿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣷⠀⢬⣶⣶⣿⠿⣿⣿⣭⣴⡂⣀⣤⣤⣤⣄⣘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣛⠟⡟⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣴⣶⣿⡴⣦⣈⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣙⣿⣹⣿⣻⡄⠀⠀⠶⠼⢿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢸⣿⠿⠟⠶⣞⡉⠛⢻⣷⣿⣽⠿⡿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⢷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⡟⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⡺⢷⠟⢛⣹⡿⣏⣿⣿⡛⠛⠻⠯⠽⢷⣶⣾⣭⡉⠉⣉⡉⢉⣥⣔⣻⣾⣿⣯⣶⠂⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠃⠉⠉⠉⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣷⣶⡿⡻⢿⠶⣻⠷⠟⠛⠩⠥⠶⢾⣿⣇⠬⠤⠭⠟⠻⠶⠈⠋⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⣭⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⢿⣦⡤⣴⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣿⠟⠉⠁⠀⢠⣁⡼⠀⠐⠂⠅⠀⠒⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠒⠲⡶⠇⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⣤⣐⠂⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠙⠃⠿⢹⡇⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡔⠃⠈⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠉⠷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⡟⠉⠋⠈⠘⠿⠟⢿⣿⣆⣀⣰⣿⠿⣿⢆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⡽⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣦⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⣠⣷⣶⣶⣶⣦ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⣤⣾⣿⣧⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣧⣤⣶⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣄⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⡄⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣠⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡷⣸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⡀ ⡇⠀⠀⠘⠛⢻⣿⣟⣻⣿⢻⠻⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⣿⢛⢻⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠻⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠟⠋⠻⠟⠁⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠏⢻⣿⠇⢸⠆⢀⡤⢤⠄⠒⢂⣴⣾⣿⣿⡧⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠖⠾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠶⠶⣶⢿⣷⣤⣿⡿⠶⠾⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠁⢙⡛⠻⣾⣮⣿⢿⣿⣟⣤⡔⠊ ⢋⠁⣾⣿⣹⢿⠿⠇⠀⢙⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢩⠁⠘⢿⡇⣈⣨⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣤⢀⡀⢻⣿⣤⣾⡀⠠⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⣬⡿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠠⣭⡁⢒⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⢤⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⣀ ⠀⠈⠛⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠿⢞⣿⣿⣭⡉⣧⡀⢠⣤⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡄⢿⣷⣀⠻⣿⣽⣻⡤⠛⠒⢴⣶⣽⣿⣦⡶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠒⠉⠘⠃⢿⡅⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⠋⠀⠙⢀⠀⠃ ⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⣐⣶⡞⢩⣿⣿⣷⣽⣧⣼⣿⡀⠈⠛⢹⣿⣷⣄⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⢆⢉⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣄⠀⠠⠀⠁⠀ ⠠⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠀⠉⠉⠁⠹⡿⢧⡀⠀⣠⣤⡼⣿⣿⢿⢀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣧⣴⡿⡟⠋⠡⡾⠋⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢑⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠠⠙⠁⠤⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠾⠻⣿⣿⣷⣤⣠⣖⣶⡤⠠⢤⣾⡷⠄⡽⠟⣦⣾⡟⣠⣼⣿⡿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣆⠰⢳⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣏⣤⡄⢀⣀⣠⣤⣄⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣥⣶⣾⡥⣶⣀⣹⣽⣿⣿⣿⣹⣉⣿⣋⣾⡿⣇⠀⠀⠴⠼⢷⣯⡿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠿⠷⢾⠛⠛⠻⣷⣿⣻⡿⣿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠻⠶⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠟⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⡞⢛⣻⣿⠿⣹⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠤⠽⢷⣶⣾⣟⡋⠉⠉⠓⢒⣉⠿⣭⣷⣾⣤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡄⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠈⠉⠉⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣾⣶⣾⠿⠾⡶⢞⡿⠷⠛⠋⠩⠵⣶⢾⣿⣃⠤⠤⡍⠯⠙⠀⠈⠉⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⠀⣈⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐ ⢿⠢⠤⣤⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠀⠀⣈⣠⡞⠀⠐⠀⠀⠐⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠁⠐⠒⢲⣶⡆⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠤⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠠ ⠀⠉⠃⠸⠯⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠏⠈⠁⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠈⠰⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠟⡿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡗⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⣹⠄⠀⠀⠈⠀⡀⠀⠀⠉⢈⣿⡿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣽⣿⡶⠈⢠⣶⣤⣤⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⣴⣿⣷⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣾⣧⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣤⣄⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⢟ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⡷⣸⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⣻⣿⢛⣿⢻⠛⠃⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⠛⠻⡟⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠻⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣟⡿⠻⠟⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠫⢻⣿⡇⢸⠆⠀⠀⣀⠀⡤⠤⢤⣴⣿⣿⡿⠀⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⡟⠉⠉⢃⡇⠒⠀⠀ ⠀⠖⡶⣶⣿⣶⣿⡿⠷⠶⠶⠀⠊⠉⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣡⣤⣱⢟⣿⠇⠀⡰ ⠄⣾⣿⠽⠿⠿⠇⠀⢩⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣳⡁⠘⢿⡇⣈⣨⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⢦⢀⡀⠻⣿⣴⣿⡀⠀⣿⣿⣷⠶⣤⣀⣬⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠠⣟⡉⠒⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢀⣄⢀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀ ⡀⠙⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⠉⠉⠻⢟⣿⣿⣭⡍⣷⡀⢠⣶⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢿⣷⣄⠻⣿⣽⣿⡦⠛⠛⠢⣴⣶⣿⣿⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠚⠉⡘⠃⢿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠾⠟⠀⠻⠀⠀⠏⠉ ⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣔⣷⡾⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡄⠈⠛⠹⣿⣿⣄⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⣻⣷⣿⣷⣦⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀ ⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠉⠉⠀⠙⡿⢧⡀⠀⣠⣶⡾⣿⣿⣿⢅⣼⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣽⣦⣿⣿⠛⠛⣿⠛⠉⢛⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢿⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠩⠟⠃⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⡰⠿⠟⣿⣿⣷⣦⣠⣖⣶⡤⣠⢼⣾⡷⠦⡽⠛⣷⣾⡟⣠⣼⣿⡿⣿⠏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣷⡀⢟⣶⣦⣿⣿⣿⣟⣠⡄⠀⣀⣀⣤⣄⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣶⣾⣧⣶⣄⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣿⣋⣿⣟⡧⠀⠀⠴⠼⢷⣯⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠿⠿⠾⡛⠻⠻⣷⣿⣻⡿⣿⠋⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢡⠀⠲⢶⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢟⢛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⡞⢛⣻⣿⡿⢣⣿⣿⣛⠛⠻⠧⠭⠿⣶⣾⣿⣟⠋⠉⠓⠒⢋⡹⠍⡷⢞⣠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠈⠉⠉⠉⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣷⣶⣾⠿⣿⣶⠞⡻⠷⠛⢛⠩⠥⢶⣾⣿⣿⡤⠥⠬⠙⠟⠲⠄⠈⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣬⡀⣘⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀ ⣷⡴⣴⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠀⠀⢰⣁⣼⠃⠐⠂⠐⠒⠂⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠐⠂⢶⠾⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⢩⣀ ⠉⠃⠾⣿⡇⣤⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠇⠈⠁⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠉⠲⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢻⣿⡟⠛⠹⠿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⣹⠆⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣽⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⡦⢰⣿⡿⠆⠁⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⣿⣧⣴⣤⣾⣿⣿⣧⣄⣴⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣤⣴⣤⣤⣄⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⡄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡷⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣟⣻⣿⢻⠻⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⣿⠛⢻⡟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠻⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣟⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠛⠟⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⠏⣻⣿⠇⢸⠆⠀⠀⣀⠀⣤⣤⠤⢾⣿⣿⡧⠨⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠘⢿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣼⢿⢋⣿⣷⣾⣽⢻⣥⣝⡴⠐⠂⠀ ⠀⡶⢶⣶⣿⣿⡿⠰⠶⠶⠖⠤⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣧⣰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠿⠧⢀⠙⢿⣿⢿⣥⣦⣙⠿⣷⣷⡄⣀ ⣿⠿⠜⠛⠛⠃⠀⠨⢿⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣱⡀⠘⢿⠅⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠆⢀⡀⢻⣿⣴⣷⡀⠠⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⣀⣌⡿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⠠⣛⡁⠒⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠙⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⠉⠛⢭⣿⣿⣤⡈⣷⠀⢰⣶⠿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣧⡄⣿⣷⣀⠻⣿⣽⣻⣤⠛⠋⠒⠴⣶⣿⣿⣶⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠺⠀⠙⠓⢿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠴⠟⠀⠶⠀⠀⠋⠀⠠ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣜⣿⢏⣤⡿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣧⠄⠈⠋⢹⣿⣷⣄⣨⣿⡿⣿⣿⣆⠙⣿⣷⣾⣷⣦⣄⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⣀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢿⣻⣽⣿⡿⠃⠀⠉⠀⠀⠹⠿⢧⠀⠀⣤⣶⠾⣿⣿⡿⢠⣯⣥⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⠛⠋⣿⠟⠉⢛⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⣳⠀⠀⠀⠲⠀⠀⠀⢉⠟⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠺⠟⢙⣿⣽⣷⣆⣴⣔⣷⡄⡠⢶⢿⠷⠠⡿⠻⣶⣿⣏⣠⣼⣿⡿⣿⠎⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣄⠛⣶⣶⣽⣿⣿⣋⣠⡄⠀⣀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢦⣤⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣶⣾⣿⣖⣦⣤⣷⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣍⣽⣩⣿⣻⡄⠀⠀⠶⠼⢿⣭⢻⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢨⣿⡿⠿⠾⡛⠛⢿⢦⣟⣻⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣶⣴⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣏⡩⣽⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⡀⠀⢀⠺⣷⠟⢛⣹⣿⠿⣃⣿⣿⣛⠛⠛⠯⠬⠿⢶⣶⣿⣟⡛⠛⠒⠚⠉⠿⠉⡶⡗⣤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣷⣶⡿⠳⠿⣶⠟⣫⠟⠛⢋⠩⠑⠶⠾⣿⣿⡦⠤⠤⠍⠛⠂⠄⠀⠁⢰⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣦⣀⠀⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀ ⠶⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⡿⠻⣿⣿⠟⠙⠉⠀⠀⢀⣦⣴⠃⠀⠊⠀⠒⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠂⠲⠶⠆⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢁⣐⡗ ⠀⠛⣺⠇⠆⢠⠀⠀⠀⣤⠞⠃⠈⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠉⠶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⣻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⡿⠛⣻⢻⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣶⣶⣌⢢⠀⠬⠉⠁ ⠀⠀⠈⠀⢀⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠶⣴⣦⣄⢙⣷⣴⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣸⣄⣄⣿⣯⣭⠓⢹⣰⣀⣀⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣦⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣾⣿⣦⣿⣿⣷⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣠⣭⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢼⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⡷⣸⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣯⣩⠘ ⠀⠀⣠⣼⣛⣿⡟⡟⠟⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⡟⢛⢿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠛⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠙⢘⣿⣿⠀⡷⠀⠀⢀⡀⢠⣤⣤⠴⢿⣿⣿⠇⠸⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣤⣭⣽⣿⣿⡿⢛⣭⣭⣛⢷⡟⢛⠄⡄⠄⠀⠀ ⠀⢶⣶⣾⣿⢷⠴⠴⠶⠶⠾⠟⠋⠉⠁⠀⣸⣿⣿⣦⣶⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⠉⠀⢿⣿⣿⡿⠃⢹⣿⣾⣥⡄⠀⢠ ⠓⠛⠛⠋⠀⠀⠺⠟⣽⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣢⠀⠙⢿⢠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡰⠄⣀⠘⢿⣧⣶⣧⠀⠸⣿⣿⣦⣦⣀⣀⣹⣿⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⡛⠹⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠈⠛⣽⣿⣷⣾⣸⣦⠀⣶⡾⢿⣽⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣦⣘⣿⣦⡈⢿⣯⣟⢧⢬⠛⠋⠓⠦⢶⣿⣿⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠡⠅⠈⠙⠰⣗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⢀⡼⠏⠠⡆⠀⠘⠒⠀⠠⣇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⣤⣝⣿⣁⣽⠿⢿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣧⠀⠘⠉⠿⣿⣦⣠⣼⣿⢿⣿⡿⣌⠙⣿⣤⣾⣷⣶⣄⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠐⠀⠍ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣯⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠛⣄⠀⢠⣴⡶⢿⣿⡿⠇⣼⣭⣽⡿⢀⣿⣿⣭⣡⣼⣿⠛⠋⣹⠟⠋⠛⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢔⡄⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠈⡻⠧⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⢀⡄⠛⠋⣻⢿⣿⣷⣤⣾⣿⣗⣀⠴⡿⡿⠒⠼⠋⢷⣾⢿⣁⣤⣿⣯⢿⡾⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣷⣄⠐⣶⣦⣿⣿⣿⣃⣤⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⡄⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣦⣼⣶⣿⣿⣿⣼⣦⣽⣭⣽⣟⣧⠀⠀⠰⠆⠿⣿⡽⣿⢿⣷⣾⣿⡗⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢠⣿⡿⠿⠿⡻⠿⡷⣼⣟⣿⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡀⢠⣭⡽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣉⢭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⠀⢀⣐⢿⡾⠋⣋⣿⣿⠿⣡⣿⣿⣛⡛⠛⠯⠬⠿⢶⣶⣿⣟⡛⠓⠒⠋⠹⠏⢡⣼⢃⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⠟⠿⠳⣺⠟⣫⠟⠛⢋⠭⠵⠶⠾⣿⣿⠧⠬⠤⠌⠛⠓⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣧⣄⡀⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠾⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⠋⠿⣿⠿⠋⠋⠁⠀⠀⢠⣧⣴⠃⠀⠋⠀⠓⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠐⠰⣶⡆⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡀⣽⡠⡄ ⢣⡿⠐⢀⡀⠀⠀⢠⠔⠋⠀⠀⢴⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠊⠡⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⣻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⣬⣭⡐⢄⠀⡝⠛⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣼⡃⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡿⢧⡿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⢻⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣠⣶⣶⣶⣿⣟⣛⠇⣤⣠⣀⢀⣤⣄ ⠀⠠⣾⡿⣿⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣽⣄⣴⣿⣗⣼⣿⣿⣦⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣤⣬⣿⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⢀⡼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢼⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⡷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⠛ ⢀⣴⣏⣽⡿⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⢛⣻⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠻⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢿⣿⣿⠻⠟⠁⠀ ⠈⠃⣻⣿⠃⠹⠂⠀⠀⣄⡀⣤⠖⠒⢺⣿⣿⡗⠨⢿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⢽⣿⣧⣄⣀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣶⣥⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⣦⣶⣿⣿⠇⢷⠄⠰⠾⢿⠆⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢋⠻⣿⡿⣥⣦⡀⣀⣸ ⠉⠉⠀⠀⠘⠛⠸⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢰⡄⠈⠻⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠤⢐⡀⠻⣿⣴⣯⡄⠈⣿⣿⣧⣤⣄⣀⣈⣿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢁⠟⠻⠅⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⢀⣉⣹⠿⣿⣶⡄⣷⡀⣸⣞⠛⣷⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢧⣄⣿⣷⣄⠻⣿⣽⠛⢤⣟⠛⠉⠓⠴⢶⣿⣶⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡩⠭⠂⠹⠥⢶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⣠⡽⠁⡤⠀⠀⠆⠀⣀⣴⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣮⢽⣃⣶⡟⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣷⠀⠈⠁⠰⠿⣷⣄⣴⣿⠿⣿⡿⣆⠉⢻⣧⣴⣿⣿⣶⣄⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠠⠀⠘⠃⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣾⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⡀⠀⠸⠛⣣⠀⢠⣴⣶⠿⣿⡿⠷⣤⣯⣥⣿⣃⡀⣿⣿⣽⣶⣾⣿⡟⠛⣵⠟⠋⢻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢠⠀⠀⠀⣆⠀⠀⠘⠛⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡤⢀⣀⣤⠙⠋⠸⡿⣾⣿⣧⣾⣿⣷⣂⡀⣾⣻⠓⠲⠛⠹⣾⠿⣃⣤⣿⣿⠿⣿⠂⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠟⣶⣤⣿⣿⢋⣠⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡤⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣽⣷⣴⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣼⣧⣼⣿⣽⠄⠀⠐⠖⠛⢿⣽⣻⣻⣿⣾⣿⣿⠐⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡇⢸⣿⡿⠿⢿⡿⢿⢴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣭⣹⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⣧⠐⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⡀⠀⣐⡺⡿⠋⣋⣽⣿⡿⢟⣸⣿⣟⣛⠛⠻⠧⠭⠿⢶⣾⣿⣛⠛⠒⠲⠽⠿⢻⣬⣇⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⡟⠛⠓⠲⡿⠛⣽⠛⢋⣩⠭⠒⠶⢟⣿⣟⠦⠤⠤⠍⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣇⡂⠀⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠞⡿⠿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⡋⠻⠿⠿⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣤⡾⠁⠀⠁⠀⠁⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⢲⣶⡆⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⠠⡄⠀⠀⠠⠖⠉⠀⠀⢴⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣊⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⡿⢟⢿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠤⠄⠄⠀⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣴⡃⠀⠀⢀⣀⣄⣀⠀⠀⢀⣬⢇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣀⣤⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣦⣤⣄⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀ ⣾⡟⢿⡤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣿⣟⣼⣿⣿⣧⣶⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⣤⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣄⣠⣤⣠⣤⣼⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀ ⣿⣷⣾⢱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⡷⢸⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢾⣿⣿⢼⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛ ⣇⣼⡝⢸⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⢘⣻⣿⣿⢛⣛⣿⡿⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠋⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠀⠙⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠿⢟⠉⣱ ⣽⣿⠃⠘⠃⠀⠀⣤⡀⢴⡖⠋⢸⣿⣿⡗⠀⢿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣄⡉⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠒⢀ ⣿⡿⠲⣶⠏⢶⠟⢻⡷⠶⠖⠀⣸⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⡇⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣷⣾⣏⣻⣿⣿⣟⡇⡀⠀⠀⢰⠾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣟⡟⣟⢻⣟⢻⡟⡟⣿⣻⢛⣿⣻⢛⢽⡛⡟⣿⠿⣿⡟⣫⣟⢻⣿⣻⢻⣿⣟⡟⣟⣻⡟⡟⣿⡟⡟⣟⣻⢟⡛⡯⡟⣿⢟⢛⣭⡛⣿⡟⣿⢻⡟⣿⡟⣟⢻⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⡗⣿⣼⣹⢸⣷⡇⣿⣧⢿⣸⡏⢸⢸⡇⡇⣿⡀⣿⠂⡇⣿⢸⢺⡽⡇⣿⢸⡗⣿⣿⠂⡇⣿⠂⡿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⢺⢈⡳⡄⣿⠂⡟⡞⡇⣿⠂⡿⣾⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣮⣥⣭⣭⣬⣬⣭⣥⣭⣭⣼⣯⣵⣮⣭⣴⣭⣥⣷⣭⣶⣭⣭⣬⣬⣵⣧⣭⣮⣥⣭⣭⣥⣧⣭⣥⣥⣭⣭⣭⣴⣭⣵⣭⣬⣬⣭⣥⣭⣥⣥⣥⣥⣭⣥⣥⣭⣤⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⢛⡋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣯⠶⣿⣿⣿⣟⣠⣤⣄⠂⠐⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⠏⠫⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠇⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣛⣛⡿⠭⠭⠭⠗⠂⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡶⣦⣧⣷⣯⣿⡿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡋⡿⡿⣿⣿⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠃⠀⠀⠈⠍⡅⡏⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡅⢰⠈⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣶⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⢿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠁⡇⢈⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣯⡍⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠈⣽⡿⢿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⡆⡇⢀⢨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⠈⢽⠜⣕⡒ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⡿⠋⠀⣼⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣼⣎⣴⣤⡀⠙⢿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢀⠇⠀⢸⠈⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠨⠁⠊⠈⠁⠉⠆⠐ ⠀⡁⠐⠞⡇⣰⣿⣟⣁⡀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣄⣀⣵⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣬⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠈⡄⠂⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢇⡦⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀ ⠂⠂⠐⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⡀⡄⠀⢠⠀⠄⠀⢸⠀⠅⠁⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡕⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡆⡆⡆⣆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠨⠄⠃⢇⡈⠠⠂⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢃⠀⢃⢸⣿⣿⣿⡁⢈⠀⣋⠙⡟⠩⠙⠏⢉⣙⣩⠍⢻⠉⣍⠹⣿⣿⣿⡏⠩⢉⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣠⡀⡀⡀⢀⣠⡀⣒⡬⠵⡤⠄⢺⣭⣠⣍⣲⣖⣤⣤⣦⡴⠀⢠⢰⡀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣀⡄⣆⣰⡠⣶⣃⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢮⣿⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣀⣿⣀⣧⣐⣂⣆⣸⣇⣐⣂⣸⣀⣿⣀⣆⣀⣠⣏⣑⣂⣿⣿⣿⡯⠯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡿⣝⠿⣿⣮⢷⡏⣐⣇⠍⢿⠟⠻⠯⢷⠁⠀⠧⢻⠂⠪⡰⣴⡖⠽⠪⢙⠊⠏⣁⡏⠨⠑⠠⠀⣄⢁⣛ ⣿⣿⣿⣁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣻⢝⣯⠑⣭⢫⣬⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣑⡛⢀⠀⠀⠐⢧⢀⡀⡀⠈⠐⠐⠑⡔⠃⢁⠠⠀⡀⢒⣍⡑⠸⡼⣈⡂⠈⠚⠞ ⢿⣿⠿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣟⠽⣿⣮⣿⡦⣼⣧⢿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣱⠕⠬⡠⠆⠔⢤⠡⠉⠀⠀⢈⠂⣵⣯⠴⣕⣷⡫⣠⣬⡦⣤⠄⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢵⠏⣽⣶⣝⠄⡶⣻⠻⢿⣾⣿⠟⢿⣻⣿⠉⡆⠺⠁⠀⠁⠠⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠩⠉⠸⠇⠝⠗⠘⣂⠉⠁⠁⠂⠀⢁⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠸⠖⠛⠛⠇⠴⢊⣈⣀⣐⣋⣈⢂⣀⣀⣀⣔⡍⣀⣠⣂⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣊⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠢⣿⢨⡅⣤⠴⢤⢸⡧⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣉⠀⠀⢸⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⡀⠿⠸⠇⠿⠀⠈⠘⢧⣠⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⡀⡀⡀⢀⣀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣯⣯⣿⠻⡟⡟⣿⢻⢻⡟⢻⡻⡿⣿⣿⠋⡍⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣛⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣏⣿⣯⣿⣿⣝⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣬⣿⣼⣿⣯⣾⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣷⣯⣼⣧⣿⣷⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣱⣶⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣥⣯⣿⣾⣿⣿⣽⣭⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 722 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/gemini-as-a-go-to-tool/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/gemini-as-a-go-to-tool/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Gemini_is_Also_a_Good_Documentation_Tool_for_Programmers⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software at 9:07 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 3f0310742b117ae27e8ffa97110e1891 Gemini for Golang Programmers Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/gotta-go-gemini.webm Summary: Today we take a look at ways Go (Golang) developers can leverage Gemini protocol to their advantage; there’s a relatively new site or capsule called gemini://godocs.io THE future of Gemini seems bright. As shown in the figure/image/chart at the bottom, based on this_Hungarian_capsule and Francophone_dataset: “There are 2450 capsules. We successfully connected recently to 1954 of them.” It keeps growing. There are also quite a few capsules in east Asia, Russia, and all sorts of rather remote and barely-connected places. Gemini is a lot more inclusive than the Web because of its low entry barrier (minimal requirements). “It should be possible to do programming without a Web browser for referencing/ lookups. Gemini is highly suitable for this task.”Today I decided to show how programmers can use Gemini in place of technical books, or how they can look up libraries on the Internet, especially or specifically for Go in this case. Since almost everything in Gemini is Free software (not only tools and clients/ browsers but also capsules), gemini://godocs.io could be modeled_after the “now-defunct godoc.org, operated by Drew Devault.” It works very well. It should be possible to do programming without a Web browser for referencing/lookups. Gemini is highly suitable for this task. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Stats_for_capsules⦈_ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠻⣿⠟⣿⡏⠋⠻⣿⢛⡿⠛⣻⣿⣿⠋⣿⢭⣟⠛⢿⣻⠟⠙⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣓⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣉⣿⡅⣿⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣍⢿⠟⠋⡏⠽⢻⢿⢛⢿⡛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⠿⢻⢻⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢲⣴⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⡿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣻⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠈⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣷⣿⣷⣴⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣠⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠟⠁⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⢫⢫⣤⣷⣿⢿⣻⠹⣬⣽⣿⡿⣟⡝⣷⣽⣾⣿⢟⢫⢫⣤⣷⣿⡿⡛⡝⣥⣼⣾⡿⣟⣏⢯⣮⣷⣿⢿⣻⠽⣬⣴⣾⡿⡛⡍⣥⣼⣾⡿⢟⠯⢯⣥⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣒⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣎⣥⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣫⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣒⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣇⣪⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣱⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣎⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣇⣪⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣰⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 810 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/illegal-epo-guidelines/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/illegal-epo-guidelines/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Illegal_EPO_Guidelines⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Law, Patents at 6:18 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_check_if_the_patent_application_has_merit;_But_what_it_is a_'4IR'_patent_with_'Hey_Hi'_and_magical_stuff?_Those_are_just_buzzwords._Those are_just_buzzwords._But_the_guidelines!_The_guidelines_tell_you_to_grant!⦈_ When organised, white-collar, corporate crime takes over patent offices and they try to do the same to courts/judges (UPC) Summary: Benoît_Battistelli and António_Campinos have spent years watering down EPO guidelines, after consultation with litigation profiteers and never with the public or elected representatives, so now it’s considered mandatory for patent examiners to ignore the EPC (hence the examiners started industrial action) ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣿⣄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢀⡰⠾⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠛⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⢹⣷⡎⣴⣧⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⢿⣿⣿⣿⡗⢸⣿⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⢻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⡄⠀⢠⠀⠀⡀⣿⠏⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣄⠀⡀⠈⠛⠿⢿⣻⣵⠃⢸⡇⠀⣾⠀⢸⣧⡟⠀⢿⣿⡿⠁⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠱⣴⡀⡆⣿⡆⠹⣧⠘⢷⣤⣀⣻⣿⠃⢀⣿⣇⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿⠇⡘⢸⠃⠁⠀⠀⠠⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠈⣦⣰⣬⣻⣷⢸⣧⠀⢻⣧⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⠀⢼⣿⡆⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⢉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠀⠈⢿⣿⣶⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣾⣿⣇⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⡇⢰⡀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣷⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠻⡟⣉⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⠷⠀⢳⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢻⣿⠀⠈⠇⠛⠻⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣟⣋⣥⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⣿⡀⣾⢿⢼⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣾⣿⡇⢸⣿⣟⠀⢻⣟⣿⣿⣿⡃⢸⣿⣾⣿⡘⣿⢻⣟⣿⣿⢻⡟⡤⣿⡇⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⢹⣷⡟⡧⣿⡇⢻⡟⣿⣾⣷⣾⣾⡆⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠆⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⣿⡷⣿⢻⡟⠀⠀⢸ ⠃⠿⢇⠿⠾⡻⠿⠿⢿⣾⠿⡿⠿⢧⡸⠿⠏⠂⠸⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠸⠏⠼⠿⠇⠿⠸⠷⠿⠿⡸⢇⡷⣟⣿⣿⣧⠿⣁⠿⠾⠟⣷⣿⣿⣿⡸⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠇⠿⠿⠾⠻⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠸⠇⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠈⠁⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠁⠲⡈⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾ ⣿⣿⣿⡕⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡳⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣬⠅⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡟⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣯⠀⣀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⡇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣯⠄⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⡇⠀⠀⣿⡿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢸⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣶⡶⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⣀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣫⣥⡴⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡄⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⢸⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠀⠠⡤⠴⠶⠶⢾⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⢹⣿⣿⢸⣼⠃⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡇⢀⠞⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠗⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⢬⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⢈⠎⡀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⢸ ⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⡀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣛⣘⣟⣳⢻⣀⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⢟⣿⣻⣛⡻⣿⣿⢃⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⢿⡿⣿⢿⠇⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢿⠸⡯⣿⢸⢿⠈⠹⡿⣿⣿⠉⠸⡟⣿⡿⡇⣷⡿⡿⡗⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠻⣿⢿⡾⣇⣼⣿⣏⣷⣿⣿⢿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣯⢿⣿⣧⢸⡿⣿⢿⡿⡟⡗⡟⠃⠀⠀⢸ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣽⣯⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣽⣿⣷⣠⣤⣴⣶⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣟⣿⣿⠛⠃⠐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠠⣤⡐⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠈⣿⣿⣿⣛⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠀⠈⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢠⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢀⣿⠁⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢣⠆⠀⣼⡇⢰⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⠀⣷⣄⣷⣤⣀⠸⣿⣿⠟⢀⣿⠀⢀⣿⠀⣼⣷⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⡀⠀⠀⢰⣆⠀⣿⣿⠀⢹⣿⡇⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⠀⣾⡏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⢦⣿⣾⣿⡞⠟⠀⠙⠿⠀⠘⠿⠦⣀⡰⠞⠻⠿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠃⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣧⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣹⣟⣟⣁⣀⢀⣠⡀⣀⣄⣀⣚⡋⠀⣀⡀⣐⣛⡻⣏⡻⠏⣘⢸⣿⣇⣉⣟⣃⣀⣀⠀⣀⣛⣿⣿⣃⣀⣀⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⢹⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⠿⣿⣻⣿⡅⢰⡿⣷⣿⣿⡇⣿⡅⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⠻⣿⡋⣿⡏⡀⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⢨⣿⢹⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣼⠿⠿⠸⠿⢟⡻⠾⠿⠿⠆⣸⣟⣿⣿⣿⣇⡿⠶⠰⠿⣸⠿⠟⠻⠿⠇⠿⣷⣇⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡷⢾⠷⠸⠿⠹⠿⠸⠿⠟⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠛⠷⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣀⣀⣄⡸⠿⠀⠸⠟⠯⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣟⣥⣄⣀⣩⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡁⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢰⣶⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢼⣿⡖⠞⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⢀⣸⠁⡎⣟⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢄⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠀⠈⢶⣴⠀⣶⡧⠀⣷⡌⠹⣦⣤⣿⣿⠟⠛⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⠃⠈⠳⠸⠦⠿⡇⣿⡇⠀⢻⣷⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣤⣼⡟⠻⣿⣿⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠇⠀⠈⢿⣧⡾⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⠃⡄⣿⠿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠋⠃⠀⠙⠙⢿⢿⡿⡿⡏⠀⣷⠏⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⢰⡼⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠤⠴⠾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⣿⡿⠿⢿⡇⠀⠤⠤⣤⠸⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⡟⣿⠛⣿⣸⡇⣿⣟⢻⣿⡏⢸⣿⢻⣧⣿⣿⡏⣿⣼⡿⠟⣿⡟⠀⣿⣿⣷⣿⣟⢸⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢻⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣼⣿⣼⡇⠀⣿⣿⢸⣷⣿⢹⣿⡟⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⠀⢸ ⣿⡇⣿⠀⣿⢻⡇⣿⣿⢿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣼⡟⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣇⣄⣿⡇⣦⣿⣿⣷⣿⣏⣼⡿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣇⠋⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣼⡿⣿⠀⣿⠁⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸ ⣿⣷⣿⣦⠉⠬⢥⣽⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣯⣭⣭⣽⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣏⣉⣉⣈⣉⠉⠈⡁⠈⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠀⠉⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠁⠈⠉⠉⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⡿⠆⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣦⠐⣷⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢺⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/illegal-epo-guidelines-epc/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/illegal-epo-guidelines-epc/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ EPO_Guidelines_Are_Illegal,_Composed_and_Shaped_by_Special_Interest_Groups That_Revel_in_Disregarding_the_European_Patent_Convention_(EPC)⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 7:33 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 9f72ba60a72f4a8a0e5c6311f2c0e842 EPC Supersedes Guidelines Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/following-epc.webm Summary: The EPO‘s guidelines for examiners have long been perturbed by Benoît Battistelli and António_Campinos on behalf of the same interest groups which lobby for the illegal, unconstitutional kangaroo court, UPC; all they want is more and more patents — even software_patents — because they profit from applications, litigation and so on, not innovation THIS “news”_from_Monday (warning: epo.org link) is misleading propaganda with the term “EPC” (European Patent Convention) preceding everything else in the headline. The general idea here is to give the false impression that with EPC in mind the guidelines of the EPO are being shaped; the body, including some charts (shown in the video above), contradicts this. The vision and the future of the EPO are shaped by patent maximalists and multinational monopolists; a lot of the input comes from non-scientists. “The EPO is in a deep, highly profound state of crisis. Many of the stakeholders are perfectly aware of the crisis; few of them are willing to speak out about it, at least not without some conditions of anonymity. Some stakeholders stand to lose a lot (investment in European Patents), so they hope to just hide the crisis instead of tackling it.”This rapid and troublesome departure from the European Patent Convention was mentioned_here_on_Tuesday morning along with this meme_about_"Illegal_EPO_Guidelines". Thankfully, many workers of the EPO are rebelling against this injustice and have made the decision to follow the EPC, not those guidelines or illegitimate orders from management. EPC governs the EPO, in theory but no longer in practice. That needs to change. The first step would be for Josef_to_"grow_a pair"_and_oust_Campinos later this month (declining, outright refusing, to extend the term); of course that would be only the start because most of the high-level management at the EPO is unskilled and unqualified, imported by Campinos to join Battistelli’s despots. It’s one heck of a kakistocracy that shames Europe and harms the European economy. The EPO should_be_run_by scientists,_not_banksters. The EPO is in a deep, highly profound state of crisis. Many of the stakeholders are perfectly aware of the crisis; few of them are willing to speak out about it, at least not without some conditions of anonymity. Some stakeholders stand to lose a lot (investment in European Patents), so they hope to just hide the crisis instead of tackling it. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 993 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/irc-log-310522/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/irc-log-310522/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Tuesday,_May_31,_2022⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:44 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-310522.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-310522.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-310522.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-310522.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 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🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmSb2C2NruPsYd82y5jCtu8BY1bhNPFtviwHXbP1oxBwkA #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmSWqKdKYvsRdRBQE82P2kifhNpFTx7qGvL1t64CThwuhC (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmWhuh422Wvr8Y8hw4qPHsBLh4j4i4xk5R8FXdLNn3QRyu #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmZKurxr6hhfdpn5rCL1m6wcJQXDxVdD3FffRr84Mx6dBf (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmZ6LkeL4fZh9DTpRFrBNgmYKFoJn8TvGhP6J84MfkvYcP ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1120 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/peeping-rowan-epo/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/peeping-rowan-epo/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Peeping_Rowan⠀✐ Posted in Europe, Microsoft, Patents at 6:00 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇EPO_data_and_Microsoft/Belarus⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Spy_card;_Microsoft_&_Belarus;_Almost_the_same_when_you_are rubberstamping;_With_the_NSA_too,_for_espionage;_Which_are_often_outright illegal,_violations_of_the_EPC;_Pilot_like_PACE?_Phasing_in_bad_things?;_i.e. the_true_owners_of_today's_EPO;_Not_the_public⦈_ Summary: The EPO carries on with its data sovereignty violations or data protection abuses; the data is being transmitted where it does not belong, but António_Campinos is above the law ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⢩⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣼⡧⠈⠙⠫⣽⠿⠋⠻⠻⠿⠿⠯⠉⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⡀⣚⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣯⣐⡂⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⡇⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠙⡛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⢩⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⣙⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣸⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣛⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣰⣤⢀⣤⣿⣿⣷⡦⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⡉⠙⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀ ⣠⣾⣷⣤⠀⠈⢿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⠿⣿⡆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡌⠀⣉⡀⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⣰⣿⢏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⣿⣿⣟⠓⠁⡼⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⡟⠿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣯⢿⣌⠙⠋⠁⠀⠐⢢⢤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⡇⠀⣧⣤⣶⣱⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣯⠈⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⠿⠿⡷⠾⢿⠿⢿⡿⠚⠿⣿⠿⠷⢧⡴⠗⠲⢾⡷⠓⠷⣽⠿⠻⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⣄⣀ ⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⠇⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⣀⣿⠀⠇⢀⡇⢰⡆⢸⡀⠸⢤⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠐⢾⡆⠀⣶⣿⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⢽⡇⢿⣿⠀⢀⠀⡇⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠉⣿⠀⡇⠈⡇⠸⠇⢸⠉⢲⠀⣇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠐⣾⡇⠀⣿⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠶⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⡟⠶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣛⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣤⣄⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⣶⠁⠀⠀⢨⡿⢛⠻⣿⣿⡏⢉⡉⢻⠉⢉⣹⠉⢹⣾⠉⠉⢿⠉⢩⠉⢿⠉⡏⠉⡏⠁⡌⢹⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢠⡆⠀⢸⡇⠈⠠⡿⣿⡇⢀⡀⢺⠀⢈⣹⠀⢸⡟⠀⠇⢸⠀⢨⠀⢿⠀⡇⠀⡷⢄⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢇⠆⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣿⣷⠀⠺⣄⣘⣀⣰⣿⣇⣈⣁⣸⣀⣈⣹⣀⣈⣇⣀⣆⣈⣀⣸⣀⣸⣄⣁⣠⣧⣀⣁⣸⠟⠡⢾ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡾⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠈⢿⣹⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠙⣀⣠⣼ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣇⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣻⠇⣿⣿⣿⣟⣦⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⢛⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠛⠉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣁⣘⣚⣚⣃⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡰⠋⠠⠀⠀⠀⠠⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⣴⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠠⣶⣶⣶⣤⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣶⣾⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣦⠶⠲⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢷⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠰⢾⠀⠸⠀⡇⠀⡇⢸⣿⡇⢰⡆⢸⠇⢀⠘⣶⠀⣶⠇⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠰⢾⠀⢰⣾⡇⠀⠇⢸⣿⡇⠸⠇⢸⠀⢈⠀⣿⠀⣿⠀⢈⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⣿⣿⠰⠇⡇⣿⠸⢇⡱⠷⡇⠭⣄⠭⢼⠸⠇⡇⡇⣿⢀⠿⢸⠬⢝⣿⡇⠿⣈⠬⢼⣾⡵⠷⡁⣾⡨⠥⣿⡇⢿⢸⢸⡨⠥⣿⡇⠴⠾⡇⣭⣵⣇⠿⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠽⡿⢙⠟⠛⠛⣿⠩⠉⠍⠍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⣀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣴⣤⣴⣼⣦⣤⣤⣤⣾⣾⣿⣇⣧⣼⣦⣵⣿⣮⣦⣶⣥⣤⣵⣧⣿⣼⣦⣴⣵⣷⣷⣧⣷⣼⣰⣷⣮⣴⣤⣴⣼⣷⣤⣼⣔⣼⣯⣾⣾⣦⣴⣤⣯⣾⣾⣦⣷⣤⣤⣄⣺⣤⣬⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⠻⣻⣻⠻⡛⢻⢻⠻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡛⢛⡟⣿⣿⢻⢟⣟⣻⣻⡟⣿⣿⢻⡟⠛⢟⢛⣿⣟⢿⣟⠿⢟⢻⡟⢿⠛⠟⠻⠟⣟⡿⠛⡻⣻⣻⡛⢻⢛⠟⢟⢻⣟⢟⠟⢻⠻⢻⡿⡿⠛⣻⡟⡟⠛⣿⣟⡟⣟⠛⢟⠛⠻⢻⣻⡟⣿⡛⢟⣟⡻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣾⣴⣷⣷⣿⣷⣿⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣹⣉⣈⣻⣹⣿⣹⣏⣉⣮⣻⣟⣍⣁⣍⣿⣟⣏⣁⣨⣫⣿⣉⣩⣽⣾⣹⣿⣉⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣡⣳⣯⣇⣙⣩⣋⣿⣿⣨⣋⣭⣋⣿⣿⣹⣹⣈⣯⣿⣇⣉⣋⣙⣈⣇⣿⣋⣉⣽⣽⣿⣿⣭⣇⣹⣿⣿⣿⣻⠋⣩⣿⣏⣉⣙⣟⣏⣿⣿⣏⣉⣘⣁⡏⣿⣿⣏⣝⣉⡏⣛⣿⣏⣉⣋⣋⣋⣹⣽⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠻⠿⡿⣿⡿⠟⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣟⣿⡿⡿⢿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⢿⠟⢻⠻⠿⣿⣿⡟⣟⡿⠿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢻⡿⠿⢿⠻⠿⡟⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣴⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣾⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣷⣷⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣉⣹⣻⣹⣿⣯⣯⣉⣉⣉⣩⣿⣿⣹⣫⣭⣉⣍⣯⣙⣉⣹⣿⣏⣝⣭⣩⣿⣿⣏⣯⣉⣉⣹⣟⣿⣯⣈⣩⣿⣿⣩⣋⣙⣿⣯⣁⣏⣸⣯⣿⣿⣻⣯⣩⣨⣍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1256 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/06/01/upc-hole-in-one/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/06/01/upc-hole-in-one/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Hole_in_One⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Europe, Humour, Law, Patents at 6:24 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Knight with arrow in helmet: UPC is perfectly legal! No point challenging it; First challenge⦈ There will be no UPC this year Summary: Get ready for another “deja vu”; The EU has known for over a decade that the UPC isn’t tenable, but there were attempts to bury legal facts ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣷⣭⠻⢷⣿⢻⣻⣿⡟⢽⣿⣿⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⢀⡉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠰⠻⠛⢿⡖⠋⠙⠿⠏⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⢶⠀⠚⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢠⣴⣿⣤⣤⣄⡁⠘⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠀⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⠛⢀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡟⠃⠤⠇⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⠛⣫⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠿⠟⠋⠈⠁⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢫⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣾⣿⡿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠯⠁⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⠥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣥⣍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣽⠟⠿⠿⠙⠿⣧⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⡶⠖⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠟⠉⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠻⣿⣧⠰⠟⠿⠉⠙⡇⠹⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠶⠶⠶⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠗⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡶⣶⣶⠶⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣶⣥⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠻⢉⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣄⣀⡤⠖⠉⣉⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡎⢀⠔⣈⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⠤⠂⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⠿⠋⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣧⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡟⠀⡌⢰⢹⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⣡⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣕⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⡇⠀⠀⠈⠈⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢰⣶⢰⣶⡆⣶⡶⣶⣠⣶⣿⣶⡌⠁⢰⣶⢰⣾⢿⣦⠻⠆⣶⡶⣶⣴⣶⡶⠆⣶⡶⣶⡄⣶⡶⠶⣶⣶⠾⢹⣾⢿⣮⠷⣶⣶⠾⣷⣿⡟⣾⣯⣷⢻⡏⣷⡆⡅⣶⡶⠆⣴⣾⣷⣆⢠⣶⣶⡆⢰⣶⠀⣶⣶⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣧⣿⢻⣿⡟⠛⠃⠀⢸⣿⠘⢿⣾⣍⠀⠀⣿⣧⣿⢿⣿⣷⡇⣿⣷⣿⡃⣿⣷⡆⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⠘⠛⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⡟⣿⡇⣿⡇⡇⣿⣷⡆⣿⣿⣭⣭⢸⣿⣿⡇⢹⣿⠀⢻⡿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢸⣿⣸⣿⠃⣿⡇⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⣹⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣧⡆⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣧⣶⣿⣿⣤⢻⣿⣸⣿⠀⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣧⡄⣿⣧⣄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢿⣿⢹⣿⣤⣸⣇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⡁⠉⢡⣭⣵⣭⣽⣿⣯⣭⣭⣦⣭⣭⡅⠀⠉⠩⣶⣭⠭⣭⠯⠉⠹⣿⣷⣭⣭⡥⠍⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀ ⠀⣶⣦⢰⡆⣰⣾⢷⣦⠀⠀⣶⡶⣶⣤⣶⣿⣶⡀⣶⡆⣶⣦⢰⡖⠶⣶⡶⠆⠀⣴⣾⢷⣮⢱⣶⢰⣶⠙⣷⣶⣎⢳⣶⣦⢰⣶⠀⢰⣶⠶⢰⣶⡄⣶⡎⣶⡿⣶⡄⣶⡆⢰⣶⢰⣶⢠⣾⢿⣦⠀⠀⣶⡆⠶⣶⡶⠆ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣧⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⡇⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠘⠛⢸⣿⣾⣿⢠⣿⢻⣿⢸⣿⡏⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣶⢸⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⡅⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣬⣭⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⡟⣿⡇⢿⣿⣼⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⡇⣿⡟⣿⡗⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⣸⣿⣧⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⣤⣸⣿⢻⣿⡟⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⡏⣿⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠁⠉⠁⠉⠉⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⠈⠉⠈⠉⠌⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠁⠈⢉⠉⠁⠉⠁⠈⠁⠈⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠉⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣾⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠖⠂⠒⠒⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⠸⣿⡏⢿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰ ⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣄⣀⡉⠃⠈⢻⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸ ⣯⠅⠀⠀⠈⠙⠟⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣄⡼⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⣿⣶⢠⣤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣇⣿⣯⢹⡿⣸⡷⣶⣐⣀⣀⢤⣭⣿⣻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣶⡄⠀⣤⡄⣺⣿⠃⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣼⡟⣆⣿⢧⣿⢿⡟⢸⣯⣻⣟⣿⡶⣟⡿⣓⣾⢭⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠇⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣶⡀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣷⣾⣯⣽⣚⠏⢿⠳⣷⣹⡗⢳⣿⣻⡿⣼⡟⣿⣇⣷⢯⣭⢛⣚⠯⣿⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠁⣩⣭⣿⣺⣏⣿⣷⣿⣱⡦⣼⡿⣾⡏⣾⣿⡏⣼⡞⢿⣽⠲⣯⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢫⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣤⣤⣤⣴⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠹⠟⠨⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣯⣅⡿⢻⡿⣼⣿⣿⢷⣿⠙⣾⡏⢢⣿⠻⣰⡆⣭⡔⣛⡹⣟⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠁⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⣿⣿⣁⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣮⣟⣺⠷⢶⣿⡍⣾⡟⢣⣿⣿⡿⣼⡟⣿⡎⣷⣧⢄⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⢁⢀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣾⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣯⣝⠛⠼⠇⣿⢣⣿⣻⡷⣸⡿⣎⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡿⠋⠻⠇⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⢃⠿⢷⣻⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠻⣿⡿⠋⢿⣭⣿⣯⠀⢾⡿⠋⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣕⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⢤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⢸⣷⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠘⠟⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣟⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣶⣶⣶⡾⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⠤⠒⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⠿⠋⠉⡉⠁⠀⠘⢀⡖⠂⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣷⣴⡾⠋⠁⣠⣤⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠘⣧⠀⠀⣠⡾⠀⠀⡴⢋⢣⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡤⠖⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⡿⠁⢀⡞⠀⡞⣾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠚⠛⠋⠁⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢀ ⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⣴⣿⣷⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⠇⠀⢸⠁⠠⣗⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⢀ ⠀⢻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣒⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠹⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠈⠁⢀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠄⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢰ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣈⣻⣟⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡞⠀⢀⣾⣿⣶⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1335 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_01/06/2022:_Arti_0.4.0,_Costa_Rica_Besieged_by_Microsoft’s_Back_Doors⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 8:39 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o Desktop_Environments/WMs # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o New_Releases o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Programming/Development * Leftovers o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Security o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Excellent_Utilities:_horcrux_–_file_splitter with_encryption_and_redundancy⠀⇛  This series highlights best-of-breed utilities. We cover a wide range of utilities including tools that boost your productivity, help you manage your workflow, and lots more besides. horcrux is an open source tool that’s designed to split files and keep them secure with encryption. This encryption doesn’t require remembering a passphrase or retaining a private key. Instead, the utility uses the Shamir Secret Sharing Scheme to break an encryption key into parts that can be recombined to create the original key, but only requiring a certain threshold to do so. The tool therefore includes redundancy so that you can resurrect the original file without needing access to all of the split files. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ How_To_Install_qBittorrent_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS Jammy_Jellyfish⠀⇛ In this small tutorial, we will show you how to insttall qBittorrent on Ubuntu Systems. # ⚓ Use_When_Conditional_Statements_In_Ansible_Playbooks_– OSTechNix⠀⇛ If you are from a programming or scripting background then you should be familiar with the concept called “conditional statements”. The conditional statements allow you to execute the code based on the result of the condition. Similarly in ansible, you can use the when conditional statements to execute tasks. If the condition is evaluated to true, the task will run, else the task will be skipped. The syntax for the when conditional statement is as follows. You will learn how to apply the conditional statement with tasks in the subsequent sections. # ⚓ LinuxTechi ☛ How_to_Create_Local_Yum/DNF_Repository_on_RHEL 9⠀⇛ Hello techies, recently Red Hat has released its latest operating system RHEL 9. RHEL 9 fulfill all the requirements of hybrid cloud. It can be installed on physical server, virtual machine and inside the container image. When we don’t have subscription and want to install packages for doing the POCs then setting up local yum or dnf repository will be handy. In this guide, we will cover how to create local yum/dnf repository on RHEL 9 using DVD or ISO file step by step. # ⚓ TecMint ☛ How_to_Download_and_Install_RHEL_9_for_Free⠀⇛ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 (RHEL 9), code-named Plow, is now generally available (GA). Red Hat made the announcement on the 18th of May 2022. It takes over from the Beta release which has been around since 3, November 2021. RHEL 9 is a number of firsts in the Red Hat family. It is the first major release since the acquisition of Red Hat by IBM in July 2019, and the first major version since the deprecation of the CentOS Project in favor of CentOS Stream which is now the upstream of RHEL. RHEL 9 is the latest major version of RHEL and comes with Kernel 5.14 and a host of new software packages and tons of enhancements. It places an emphasis on security, stability, flexibility, and reliability. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Change_Hostname_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to change the hostname on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, A computer name (aka hostname) is a label on a computer network that is used to identify the device. This name also differentiates a particular device from others within a local network. Moreover, this name makes an operating system recognizable in the network, thus making the data exchange within the same network easy. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step change of your hostname on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint, Elementary OS, Pop!_OS, and more as well. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_to_Install_Vagrant_on_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ Vagrant is an open-source command-line utility that enables Linux users to create and manage virtual machines using the virtualization hypervisors like VirtualBox, VMware and others. Before installing Vagrant on any system, you must ensure the installation of a virtualization hypervisor first as this allows you to work in a different environment without shutting down your system. This article, guides you in installing Vagrant on Ubuntu 22.04 using the VirtualBox as a virtualization hypervisor. # ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Install_and_Monitor_services_using Netdata_Monitoring_Tool_on_Rocky_Linux_8⠀⇛ Netdata is an open-source monitoring system for Linux-based operating systems. It provides real- time performance and monitoring using beautiful and detailed dashboards. In this tutorial, you will learn to install and monitor various services using Netdata Tool on a Rocky Linux 8 server. We will use Netdata to track the metrics of a LEMP stack and Docker engine. # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ How_to_Install_uGet_Download_Manager_on_Ubuntu 22.04⠀⇛ uGet is a free, lightweight and open-source download manager for Linux users that speeds up the download process. It’s a perfect utility for those who want to download large files on their system. It can easily download multiple files at a time and gives you the option to queue them for faster downloading. In this tutorial, you will be able to learn the way to install uGet on Ubuntu 22.04. # ⚓ LinuxOpSys ☛ How_to_Use_Nmap_to_Scan_Open_Ports_–_Examples +_Screenshots⠀⇛ The network is one of the most complex and sensitive components of an IT infrastructure. System administrators must understand various layers, interfaces, protocols, tools, and ports to effectively handle network communication. You must use the correct ports to enable secure communication. Nmap is an open-source command-line tool to scan ports, audit network security, detect hosts and services, and get a list of open ports. It was started as a Linux tool and later included on Windows, macOS, and BSD. # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ How_to_use_Secure_Boot_to_validate startup_software⠀⇛ Secure Boot uses digital key pairs to check that SystemTap and other startup code hasn’t been altered by a rootkit or similar mechanism. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ KDE_vs_Xfce:_Comparing_Lean_and_Mean_Desktop Environments⠀⇛  KDE Plasma and Xfce are two popular desktop environment options for lightweight Linux distributions. While Xfce is still favored more for some of the best lightweight Linux distributions, KDE Plasma is not a resource-heavy desktop either. To help you pick a suitable desktop environment, we will be comparing some of the most common aspects of a desktop environment. In case you are exploring some of the best desktop environments for the first time, you might want to know the differences between KDE Plasma and GNOME as well. It should help you choose the ideal desktop for your system. # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Xfce’s_Apps_Update_for_May_2022:_New_Releases of_Xfce_Terminal,_Panel,_and_Task_Manager⠀⇛  In May 2022, Xfce 4.16 users received two new maintenance updates to the Xfce Terminal modern terminal emulator app that only addressed a regression with the scrollbar position setting, a regression that broke scroll-on-output, an issue with KeyEvents when activating a TAB accelerator, as well as another regression with URL drag-n-drop adding rubbish characters. # ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ Linux_desktops:_KDE_vs_GNOME⠀⇛  I’m an ardent KDE Plasma Desktop user, but at work I happily use GNOME. Without getting into the question of which desktop I’d take to a desert island (that happens to have a power outlet), I see the merits of both desktops, and I’d rather use either of them than non-open source desktop alternatives. I’ve tried the proprietary alternatives, and believe me, they’re not fun (it took one over a decade to get virtual workspaces, and the other still doesn’t have a screenshot function built in). And for all the collaboration that the KDE and GNOME developers do these days at conferences like GUADEC, there’s still a great philosophical divide between the two. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ DebugPoint ☛ GNOME_Shell_for_Mobile:_A_Promising Start_with_Huge_Expectations⠀⇛ An editorial about the GNOME Shell and components for mobile phones in terms of the current state, progress and future. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Linux_Lite_6.0_Ditches_Firefox_to_Favor_Google Chrome_as_the_Default_Browser⠀⇛ Linux Lite, one of the best Windows-like distros, has just released its latest version, 6.0. Linux Lite 6.0 is based on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS and includes Linux Kernel 5.15 LTS out of the box. This upgrade packs in a considerable number of exciting new features, including a new window theme and assistive technologies. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ de-Googled_/e/OS_v1_Released_Along_with_a_New Brand_‘Murena’_for_Smartphone_and_Cloud_Services⠀⇛  /e/OS is a popular privacy-focused mobile operating system as an alternative to Google’s Android. The operating system (fork of Lineage OS) eliminates any Google-related dependencies and encourages you to work without relying directly on any Google services. Instead, it offers some of its solutions as alternatives to offer you a privacy-friendly ecosystem. # ⚓ Liliputing ☛ Murena_One_is_a_privacy-focused_Android_phone without_Google_apps_and_services_–_Liliputing⠀⇛ # ⚓ Leaving_the_Android_13_Beta_May_Brick_Your_Pixel_Phone_– Review_Geek⠀⇛ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Quartz64_Model_B_SBC_with_4GB_RAM_is_now available_for_$59.99_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gadgets Now ☛ find_my_device:_How_to_use_Google’s_Find_My Device_feature_to_find_your_lost_Android_phone⠀⇛ # ⚓ India Times ☛ truecaller_voice:_Truecaller_for_Android_is getting_new_features:_All_details_–_Times_of_India⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Central ☛ Vivaldi_on_Android_gets_better_tab management_features_and_search_engine_syncing_|_Android Central⠀⇛ # ⚓ Computer World ☛ 6_secret_shortcuts_in_Chrome_on_Android_| Computerworld⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Making_The_Case_For_COBOL⠀⇛ Perhaps rather unexpectedly, on the 14th of March this year the GCC mailing list received an announcement regarding the release of the first ever COBOL front-end for the GCC compiler. For the uninitiated, COBOL saw its first release in 1959, making it with 63 years one of the oldest programming language that is still in regular use. The reason for its persistence is mostly due to its focus from the beginning as a transaction-oriented, domain specific language (DSL). # ⚓ Tor ☛ Arti_0.4.0_is_released:_Robustness_and_API improvements⠀⇛ Arti is our ongoing project to create a working embeddable Tor client in Rust. It’s not ready to replace the main Tor implementation in C, but we believe that it’s the future. Right now, our focus is on making Arti production- quality, by stress-testing the code, hunting for likely bugs, and adding missing features that we know from experience that users will need. We’re going to try not to break backward compatibility too much, but we’ll do so when we think it’s a good idea. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ At_Last!_A_Cyberdeck_You_Might_Want_To_Use⠀⇛ Cyberdecks make for interesting projects, some are a bit rough while others are beautiful, but it’s maybe something that even the most ardent enthusiast might agree — these home-made portable computers aren’t always the most convenient to use. Thus we’re very pleased to see this machine from [TRL], as it takes the cyberdeck aesthetic and renders it in a form that looks as though it might be quite practical to use. o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ How_To_Move_A_Full-Sized_Church_Organ_From_A_House_To A_Museum⠀⇛ As electronics hobbyists we are grateful to our spouses and flatmates who gracefully tolerate all of our weird equipment and chaotic projects in their homes. But it takes a different level of dedication to share one’s home with a pipe organ enthusiast: back in the 1970s, one organist in Bristol went to the effort of installing a full-sized church organ into their house, effectively turning the modest dwelling into one giant musical instrument. Recently however, the house passed on to new owners who, understandably anxious to reclaim some space, listed the whole system on eBay. o ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_Hammer_Drops⠀⇛ o ⚓ language_learning_as_a_self-imposed_ostracizing_endeavour⠀⇛ I was thinking the other day about the way I learned English during my teenage years in Mexico and how in general learning and speaking other languages in a largely monolingual community makes you the target of mocking and bullying (your mileage might vary). o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Toni_Smith-Thompson_Comes_Home_Again⠀⇛ This is a story about how history isn’t just the sum of textbooks. Sometimes the past gets erased or forgotten and needs to be restored. In 2003, a basketball player for small Division III Manhattanville College named Toni Smith created a media uproar when she turned her back on the American flag during the national anthem. She was “Kaepernick before Kaepernick” and, like the former NFL quarterback, her reasons for protesting during the anthem were immediately distorted. The press painted Smith’s actions as strictly a statement against George W. Bush’s wars in the Middle East. But the reality was more complicated. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Retrotechtacular:_Clay_Pipe_The_Hard_Way⠀⇛ Troll YouTube long enough and chances are good that you’ll come across all kinds of videos of the “How It’s Made” genre. And buried in with the frying pans and treadmills and dental floss manufacturers, there no doubt will be deep dives on how pipe is made. Methods will vary by material, but copper, PVC, cast iron, or even concrete, what the pipe factories will all have in common is the high degree of automation they employ. With a commodity item like pipe, it’s hard to differentiate yourself from another manufacturer on features, so price is about the only way to compete. That means cutting costs to the bone, and that means getting rid of as many employees as possible. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Remote_Screen_Viewer_Is_Text-Only⠀⇛ Have you been slowly falling down a rabbit hole of Stallman-like paranoia of computers ever since installing Ubuntu for the first time in 2007? Do you now abhor anything with a GUI, including browsers? Do you check your mail with the command line even though you’re behind seven proxies? But, do you still want to play Minecraft? If so, this command-line-only screen viewer might just be the tool to use a GUI without technically using one. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Junk_I_Bought:_My_PSU_Just_Won’t_Do⠀⇛ I have an Acer monitor that I’ve owned for around 15 years, and thanks to my having paid extra at the time for the model sporting a DVI socket for HDMI compatibility it still finds a place as one of my desktop monitors. It has a power brick that supplies it with 1 2V at 4.5 A, and over the years this has developed an annoying whine. Something’s loose in the magnetics, and I really should replace it. So off to AliExpress I went, and dropped in an order for a 12 V, 5 A power brick. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Panelize_PCBs_Graphically_With_Hm-panelizer⠀⇛ When you’re working with PCBs and making single units to knock out in those Chinese fabs, going from layout to manufacturable Gerber files is just a few button presses, no matter what PCB layout tool you prefer. But, once you get into producing sets of PCBs that form a larger system, or are making multiple copies for efficient manufacturing, then you’re not going to get far without delving into the art of PCB panelization. We’ve seen a few options over the years, and here’s yet another one that’s looking quite promising —  hm-panelizer by [halfmarble] is a cross platform Python GUI application, which leverages Kivy, so it should run on pretty well on most major platforms without too much hassle. The tool is early in development, so is restricted to handling only straight PCB edges, with horizontal mouse-bites for now, but we’re sure it will quickly grow more general purpose capabilities given time and support. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Big_Tobacco_Is_‘Poisoning_Our_Planet,’_Says WHO⠀⇛ Similar to the harm and death smoking brings to individuals, the World Health Health Organization said Tuesday that the practices of the tobacco industry are wreaking environmental havoc and degradation around the globe. “The environmental consequences of tobacco use move it from being a human problem to a planetary problem.” o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Krebs On Security ☛ Costa_Rica_May_Be_Pawn_in_Conti Ransomware_Group’s_Bid_to_Rebrand,_Evade_Sanctions [Ed: Microsoft Windows TCO. Microsoft should be taken to court of this.]⠀⇛ o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ George_W._Bush,_Freudian_Confessions_and Foiled_Assassinations⠀⇛ Former US President George W. Bush has had the good fortune of facing such a foiling, though the claims remain fresh.  On May 24, Shihab Ahmed Shihab Shihab, an Iraqi national living in Columbus, Ohio, was arrested and chargedwith aiding and abetting the attempted murder of a former US official and charges of attempting to bring foreign nationals to the US.  The nationals in question are said to be affiliated with the Islamic State group. According to court documents, the FBI foiled the alleged plot through using informants.  In November last year, Shihab is said to have told one of them that he “wished to kill former President Bush because they felt that he was responsible for killing many Iraqis and breaking apart the entire country of Iraq.” # ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_Biden_Administration’s_Kayfabe_Cold_War With_China⠀⇛ One defining characteristic of the 21st century is that the United States has proven to be an easily distracted superpower. Since the dawn of the new millennium, both Republican and Democratic administrations have promised to take China more seriously as a threat, only to have that policy get sidelined more pressing concerns. # ⚓ The Gray Zone ☛ A_new_generation_of_US-trained_extremists is_fighting_Russia._Are_we_prepared_for_the_blowback?⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Gray Zone ☛ DHS_‘concerned’_over_Nazis_returning_to_US after_fighting_in_Ukraine._Why_isn’t_the_media?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Pledging_Allegiance_to_the_Gun- Loving_Insanity_of_the_United_States⠀⇛ On Memorial Day where the United States honors its wars and its war dead, it seems to me that too many in our country have adopted a new pledge of allegiance:  # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Haying_on_Saturday⠀⇛ As BBC  expounds on nukes, low-yield Our hay truck lurches as we leave the field. A disc can launch them  from the NATO ring Encircling our competitor. It’s spring. Ill-omened, like the dread  two-headed calf Are infants suckled by Globemaster jets. And Service suicides are up by half! The more we hear, the more macabre it gets. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Why_Gun_Control_Laws_Don’t_Pass_Congress, Despite_Majority_Public_Support_and_Repeated_Outrage_Over Mass_Shootings⠀⇛ Monika McDermott: While there is consistently a majority in favor of restricting gun access a little bit more than the government currently does, usually that’s a slim majority – though that support tends to spike in the short term after events like the recent mass shootings. We tend to find even gun owners are in support of restrictions like background checks for all gun sales, including at gun shows. So that’s one that everyone gets behind. The other one that gun-owning households get behind is they don’t mind law enforcement taking guns away from people who have been legally judged to be unstable or dangerous. Those are two restrictions on which you can get virtual unanimous support from the American public. But agreement on specific elements isn’t everything. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_War_in_Ukraine:_A_National_Debate_is Needed⠀⇛ And now in the present, skepticism concerning the war in Ukraine is met with similar open hostility. When we point out the decades of clear warnings about the risks of NATO expansion eastward, the diplomatic failures such as the Minsk Accords, and the presence of extreme ethnic nationalists in Ukraine (Russia has them as well) we encounter waves of invective clearly aimed at silencing reasoned discussion. We are labeled Putin lovers, supporters of Russian imperialism, and genocide enablers, just for openers. So yes, in some ways 2022 feels like 2003 – and not in a good way. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Vote_Gun_Safety_This_November⠀⇛ It happened again. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_A_Renewed_Iran_Deal_Provides_a Way_to_Avoid_the_Threat_of_War⠀⇛ It could be make or break time for the Iran nuclear deal. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Pulse_Survivor:_Delayed_Cop_Response_in_Uvalde Shows_Pattern_in_Mass_Shootings⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Individuals_Cannot_Undo Colonialism⠀⇛ The most recent report from the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has finally named the connections that frontline communities have been pointing out since the inception of the climate justice movement. This report once again warns we’re rapidly running out of time to “secure a livable future,” but for the first time since the IPCC began issuing its global climate assessments in 1988, it goes on to establish a direct relationship between colonization and climate change. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_How_About_Some_Gun_Control_at_the Pentagon?⠀⇛ New outcries for gun control have followed the horrible tragedies of mass shootings in Uvalde and Buffalo. “Evil came to that elementary school classroom in Texas, to that grocery store in New York, to far too many places where innocents have died,” President Biden declared over the weekend during a university commencement address. As he has said, a badly needed step is gun control—which, it’s clear from evidence in many countries, would sharply reduce gun-related deaths. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Endless_War_as_Forever Terrorism⠀⇛ Anyone who grew up in my generation of 1980s kids remembers G.I. Joe action figures — those green- uniformed plastic soldiers you could use to stage battles in the sandbox in your backyard or, for that matter, your bedroom. In those days, when imagery of bombed-out homes, bloodied civilians, and police violence wasn’t accessible on TV screens or in video games like Call of Duty, war in children’s play took place only between soldiers. No civilians were caught up in it as “collateral damage.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Critics_Call_Out_House_Democrats_for Excluding_Assault_Weapons_Ban_From_Gun_Proposal⠀⇛ Amid reports that the Democratic-led House Judiciary Committee plans to mark up a package of eight gun violence prevention bills at an emergency hearing on Thursday, progressives are decrying the absence of an assault weapons ban—a popular and proven way to reduce mass shootings. The panel’s consideration of the so-called Protecting Our Kids Act comes amid the nation’s ongoing gun violence crisis, which has received renewed attention in the wake of two horrific massacres—at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas and at a grocery store in Buffalo—committed by 18-year-olds with AR-15-style rifles. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Deutsche_Bank,_DWS_Raided_by_German_Police in_‘Greenwashing’_Probe⠀⇛ German police on Tuesday raided Deutsche Bank headquarters and the offices of asset manager DWS—which is 80% owned by Deutsche Bank—as part of an investigation into whether the firms have presented investments and products as more climate- friendly than they really are, a notorious practice known as “greenwashing.” The Frankfurt public prosecutors’ office said in a statement that the raid—which reportedly involved around 50 law enforcement officials—was “triggered by reports in the international and national media that the asset manager DWS, when marketing so- called ‘green financial products,’ had sold these financial products as ‘greener’ or ‘more sustainable’ than they actually were.” # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Canada’s_Big_Banks_Are_Secretly Supporting_Trans_Mountain_Pipeline_Expansion⠀⇛ An analysis published Tuesday revealed that six of Canada’s largest banks are financing the construction of the Trans Mountain tar sands pipeline expansion, partially fulfilling a promise by the center-left government of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to secure private funding for the highly controversial project while calling into question the administration’s pledge to cap oil and gas emissions. “Our big fossil banks and the federal government have been working in tandem for a long time behind the scenes.” # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Court_Rules_‘Highly_Imperiled’ Bumblebees_Can_Be_First_Insects_Protected_by_California Law⠀⇛ Wildlife defenders on Tuesday welcomed a California appeals court ruling affirming that a regulatory agency can classify four types of bumblebees as “fish” under the law in order to consider them for candidacy on the state’s endangered species list, a ruling that paves the way for the protection of other insects including the monarch butterfly. “With one out of every three bites of food we eat coming from a crop pollinated by bees, this court decision is critical to protecting our food supply,” said Rebecca Spector, West Coast director at the advocacy group Center for Food Safety, a party to the case. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ With_Stock_Trading_Ban_Stalled,_Lawmakers Continue_to_Violate_‘Ridiculously_Weak’_Rules⠀⇛ A running tally updated Tuesday shows that more than 60 members of Congress have recently violated a federal law aimed at preventing insider trading, a finding that comes as proposals to bar federal lawmakers from trading stocks languish in the House and Senate. “As Congress stalls on a congressional stock trading bill, its members keep breaking the ridiculously weak existing rules.” # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Global_Elites_in_Davos_Pretend_to_Care About_Inequality⠀⇛ The forum calls itself an “independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world.” WEF attendees are representative of global elites who wield both political and economic power, and, in superhero fashion, seem to have adopted a do-gooder attitude of, “with great power comes great responsibility.” The last time the group of elites met was in January 2020, at the very start of the pandemic, when Professor Klaus Schwab, WEF’s founder and executive chairman, said, “The pandemic represents a rare but narrow window of opportunity to reflect, reimagine, and reset our world.” o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Want_to_See_the_Future_of_Climate_Politics? Look_to_Australia.⠀⇛ Sydney, Australia—Three months after a “rain bomb” detonated over the city of Brisbane—after the relentless floods had drowned entire suburbs, after 60,000 tons of water-logged trash had been pulled from the wreckage, after a volunteer “mud army” had been deployed to scrape the sludge from the streets, after the actuaries had appraised the total damage at $3.35 billion—a dam finally broke in Australian politics. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_Next_Move⠀⇛ Elections neutered by the right? Now fears of that are mounting. The battle’s changed from who can vote To who can do the counting. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Paul_LePage_Is_Back!⠀⇛ Portland, Me.—On a cloudy spring morning, Maine’s ex-governor, 73-year-old Paul LePage, journeyed to the heart of his state’s largest, most diverse, and most progressive city to preside over the opening of a new Multicultural Community Center. Wearing a lavender shirt and slacks, LePage wooed liberal Mainers, declaring that he wanted to make Maine “inclusive to all new citizens,” that he loved talking to immigrants about the countries they came from, and that he hoped his state would roll out the welcome mat and tell new arrivals “We love you.”1 # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Restore_Our_Republic⠀⇛ What we need in America today is a giant breakthrough among the American people, … one that entails a great awakening of consciousness and conscience Gates has it all wrong. The worst mistake the American people have ever made was permitting their federal government to be converted to a national- security state. That mistake not only contributed to the destruction of the rights and liberties of the American people: It also plunged our nation into an orgy of death and destruction in foreign countries as well as monetary and fiscal debauchery here at home. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Georgia_GOP_Candidate_Got_3_Percent_of_Vote_But Still_Won’t_Concede_After_a_Week⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘This_Stings’:_New_York_Redistricting Forces_Out_Progressive_Hopeful_Rana_Abdelhamid⠀⇛ Warning that the court-ordered redrawing of New York’s congressional map has already left marginalized communities in the state with less representation, grassroots organizer Rana Abdelhamid on Tuesday announced that she was ending her campaign in the state’s 12th District because the new district boundaries cut her off from the communities she hope to represent. “Because my community and I were cut out of our district, we were left with no other choice,” Abdelhamid said in a statement. “The new NY-12, which was drawn through an undemocratic process, no longer includes Queens or Brooklyn.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ To_Avoid_Same_Fate_As_US,_Canada’s_Trudeau Proposes_Strict_New_Gun_Laws⠀⇛ The massacre of 19 children and two adults at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas last week has pushed the Canadian government to further strengthen firearm regulations in the country, with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau warning that without strict gun control, Canada could begin seeing frequent mass shootings as the U.S. does. “We need only look south of the border to know that if we do not take action, firmly and rapidly, it gets worse and worse and more difficult to counter.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Canada_Is_Right_to_Be_Worried About_the_Right-Wing_Unraveling_of_the_United_States⠀⇛ Tucker Carlson and Fox “News,” rightwing billionaires, a bought-off Supreme Court, polluting industries, and the politicians they all own have screwed up America so bad that Canada—Canada, for G-d’s sake!—is worrying about us. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ States_Have_Passed_9_Bills_Making_It_Easier_for Elections_to_Be_Tampered_With⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ How_Can_We_Organize_in_Ways_That_Challenge Boundaries_and_Defy_Exclusion?⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Republicans_Are_Channeling_Tax_Dollars_to_Right- Wing_“Classical_Education”⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Right-Wing_Supreme_Court_Tacitly_Approved_the Execution_of_Innocent_People⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Biden_Sparks_Anger_by_Describing_McConnell_and Cornyn_as_“Rational”_on_Guns⠀⇛ # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Progressives_Urge_Biden_Admin_to_Prevent Destruction_of_Palestinian_Homes_in_West_Bank⠀⇛ More than a dozen House Democrats on Tuesday implored the Biden administration to immediately do everything in its power to prevent Israeli forces from destroying additional Palestinian homes in the occupied West Bank. “Forced displacement and transfer by Israel of Palestinians in Masafer Yatta… would amount to a war crime.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Progressives_Slam_‘Phony’_Manchin_for Pushing_Lower_Drug_Prices_After_Killing_BBB⠀⇛ Progressives within and beyond Congress took aim at Sen. Joe Manchin on Tuesday after the West Virginia Democrat infamous for blocking his own party’s priorities took to Twitter to call for lowering prescription drug prices. “What an amazing display of audacity.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘I_Approve_This_Message’:_Campaign_Ad Mashup_Exposes_Gun-Obsessed_GOP⠀⇛ Amid heightened calls for stricter U.S. gun laws after a massacre at a Texas elementary school, a video published Tuesday targets Republican political candidates—and right-wing Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin of West Virginia—for using firearms in campaign advertising to appeal to voters. “If you’re only going to watch one thing today, make it this,” Indivisible tweeted, sharing the two-minute video produced by communications consultant Timothy Burke. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ The Nation ☛ The_ACLU_Never_Stopped_Defending_Free_Speech⠀⇛ Earlier this month the ACLU argued before the US Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit in defense of a high school student expelled for temporarily posting to Snapchat a picture of his friends dressed in World War II–era clothes at a thrift store with the caption: “Me and the boys bout to exterminate the Jews.” He took it down shortly thereafter—and apologized for what was a stupid and deeply offensive joke—but the school expelled him nonetheless. We argued that while the anti-Semitic message was deeply offensive, it was also protected by the First Amendment when uttered outside of the school, and could not be the basis for punishment. In doing so, we were only doing what we have always done—defending speech rights for all, even those with whom we disagree. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Shadowproof ☛ Major_Political_Parties_In_UK_Back_‘State Threats’_Bill_That_Would_Jeopardize_Press_Freedom⠀⇛ In 2015, the Cabinet Office requested that the Law Commission, an organization of individuals in the legal profession who advise the government, review the Official Secrets Acts, which apply to unauthorized disclosures of classified information. # ⚓ The Nation ☛ What_This_Later-Abortion_Story_Tells_Us_About a_Post-Roe_Future⠀⇛ In October of 2021, Kristyn Smith checked herself out of the hospital in Charleston, W.Va., where she had been denied an abortion. Bleeding and in pain, Smith drove for six hours with her fiancé to Washington, D.C., to have the procedure performed there. On the day of her first appointment at the Dupont Clinic, she was 27 weeks pregnant. “They were the sweetest, most compassionate people that I had ever met,” she said of the clinic staff, who made her feel safe and supported. The seven weeks leading up to her arrival there, however, had been a “nightmare.” # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Austin_Will_Not_Be_Complicit’:_Texas_City Has_Plan_to_Defend_Abortion_Rights⠀⇛ With the U.S. Supreme Court expected to reverse Roe v. Wade, the Austin City Council is working on a resolution to help protect abortion patients and providers in the Texas city—a potential model for other U.S. communities where ending a pregnancy could be criminalized if the 1973 ruling is overturned. José “Chito” Vela, an attorney who represents District 4 after winning a special election earlier this year, is leading the council’s plans for the Guarding the Right to Abortion Care for Everyone (GRACE) Act, which would effectively decriminalize the procedure by directing the Austin Police Department to make alleged crimes related to abortion its lowest priority and restricting the use of city funds and staff for investigations. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Search_for_Central_America’s_Missing Persons_Goes_International⠀⇛ Ana Ruth Delandaverde has been searching for her son, Ernesto Rafael Valencia, since October 9, 2012. The day he disappeared, Rafael contacted her from Piedras Negras, Coahuila, after setting off from El Salvador to find “the American dream”. Ruth put out the word on social networks and found indications that her son could be in Tijuana, but until now she had no way of making the trip north to look for him. “I thank God because on my own I couldn’t come looking for my son here, only now that the First International Search Brigade was created have I been able to come search for him,” she says. She pastes posters of his face and personal data on lampposts and walls. Along with dozens of mothers and relatives of disappeared persons, Ruth searched the streets of the two westernmost border states of Mexican territory–Sonora and Baja California. # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Pro_Athletes_Can_Amplify_Social_Justice Movements_—_If_They_Follow_Through⠀⇛ # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Starbucks_Union_Scores_First_Unanimous_Win_in the_South⠀⇛ o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ EFF ☛ Podcast_Episode:_Wordle_and_the_Web_We_Need⠀⇛ But take a peek beyond those platforms and you can still find a thriving internet of millions who are empowered to control their own technology, art, and lives. Anil Dash, CEO of Glitch and an EFF board member, says this is where we start reclaiming the internet for individual agency, control, creativity, and connection to culture – especially among society’s most vulnerable and marginalized members. Dash speaks with EFF’s Cindy Cohn and Danny O’Brien about building more humane and inclusive technology, and leveraging love of art and culture into grassroots movements for an internet that truly belongs to us all. # ⚓ Gemini_analytics⠀⇛ I’m new to Gemini. I made a post to Antenna, the blog aggregator. I was interested to see how many hits it generated over 24 hours. After some data munging, I came up with this… ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2625 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_01/06/2022:_Istio_1.14_and_elementary_OS/Linux_Mint_Monthly_Reports⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 5:18 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Server o Audiocasts/Shows o Instructionals/Technical o Desktop_Environments/WMs # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Open_Hardware/Modding o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Events o GNU_Projects o Programming/Development # Perl_/_Raku * Leftovers o Hardware o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Environment # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o Censorship/Free_Speech o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Announcing_Istio_1.14⠀⇛ This is the second Istio release of 2022. We would like to thank the entire Istio community for helping to get Istio 1.14.0 published. Special thanks are due to the release managers Lei Tang (Google) and Greg Hanson (Solo.io), and to Test & Release WG lead Eric Van Norman (IBM) for his help and guidance. # ⚓ Istio_1.14_Upgrade_Notes⠀⇛ When you upgrade from Istio 1.13.x to Istio 1.14.0, you need to consider the changes on this page. These notes detail the changes which purposefully break backwards compatibility with Istio 1.14.0. The notes also mention changes which preserve backwards compatibility while introducing new behavior. Changes are only included if the new behavior would be unexpected to a user of Istio 1.13.x. Users upgrading from 1.12.x to Istio 1.14.0 should also reference the 1.13.0 change logs. # ⚓ Istio_1.14_Change_Notes⠀⇛ This feature is intended primarily for use on VMs, where system administrators need to restrain interception of the outgoing traffic down to a few applications instead of intercepting all outgoing traffic. By default, as before, the Istio Sidecar will intercept outgoing traffic from all processes, no matter what user groups they are running under. # ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ A_visual_guide_to_Kubernetes_networking fundamentals_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛ Moving from physical networks using switches, routers, and ethernet cables to virtual networks using software-defined networks (SDN) and virtual interfaces involves a slight learning curve. Of course, the principles remain the same, but there are different specifications and best practices. Kubernetes has its own set of rules, and if you’re dealing with containers and the cloud, it helps to understand how Kubernetes networking works. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ FLOSS_Weekly_683:_Retro_Computing_and_the_Demoscene_–_Dr. Andre_Kudra,_Demoscene,_Retro_Computing⠀⇛ Dr. Andre Kudra, who plays “retro geek jazz” with Aaron Newcomb (himself a retro master) and host Doc Searls in this fact and fun-filled episode about retro computing and Demoscene. Nothing in computing gets more open, real, and truly deep—close to the metal—in a fun way, than retro computing and the Demoscene. And nobody is more involved in all of it than Dr. Kudra. # ⚓ Video ☛ New_To_Flatpaks?_CLI_Commands_You_Need_To_Know_– Invidious⠀⇛ Not much is happening with AppImages, nobody likes Snaps, but flatpaks are gaining are lot of traction as of late especially with release of the Steam Deck which is the primary method to install software. # ⚓ Video ☛ A_First_Look_At_Alma_Linux_–_Invidious⠀⇛ Alma Linux is a community Linux distribution designed to be binary-compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux. # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ LXLE_Focal⠀⇛ Today we are looking at LXLE Focal. It comes with Linux Kernel 5.4, based on Ubuntu 20.04, LXDE, and uses about 500MB of ram when idling. Enjoy! # ⚓ Video ☛ LXLE_Focal_Run_Through_–_Invidious⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at LXLE Focal. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Customize_the_Ubuntu_Dock_to_Look_Like macOS⠀⇛ One of the major features of the GNOME 42 desktop environment is a highly-customizable dock or dash. Let’s look at how you can customize the new dock in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) or later to have a similar look to that of macOS. # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ How_to_install_Natron_on_a_Chromebook in_2022⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install Natron on a Chromebook in 2022. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ ByteXD ☛ 8_Ways_to_Count_Lines_in_a_File_in_Linux_– ByteXD⠀⇛ Counting lines in a Linux file can be hectic if you don’t know the applicable commands and how to combine them. This tutorial makes the process comfortable by walking you through eight typical commands to count lines in a file in Linux. For example, the word count, wc, command’s primary role, as the name suggests, is to count words. However, since a group of words forms a line, you can use the command to count lines besides characters and words. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Dedoimedo ☛ Plasma_System_Monitor_&_custom_graphs⠀⇛ The new Plasma System Monitor is a great example of the wider Linux ecosystem. There was a tool, called KSysGuard, which worked pretty well. And so, a new tool was created, which for quite a while lacked the functional parity and was far buggier. This new tool was called Plasma System Monitor. Now, it has become the Plasma default, the old tool is gone, but you still don’t quite get the functionality equivalence, and the graphs are significantly worse (by default and else). Feels like a lot of unnecessary effort. Linux, and modern software to boot. That said, Plasma System Monitor is an extensible program, and you can tweak its look & feel. You can add new custom graphs, edit the existing ones, and make it work the way you want it. This is great, for tinkering nerds who want to invest time in something like this. This is horrible for the average user, who just needs to see some basic metrics for their system. But hey. The wheel of code must forever turn. Hopefully, this tutorial slash rant provides the necessary guidance to help you tame Plasma System Monitor to your liking, so that you can have a reasonably productive and accurate experience. Now you have the tools to be your own … whatever. Thank you for reading, and see you soon. # ⚓ My_week_in_KDE:_Improvements_to_Tasks⠀⇛ This past week I mainly worked on two things, getting Tasks to remember its window size and position and adding a way to search through tasks. [...] Next is the search feature, I thought it would be pretty cool if this worked similarly to the less command line utility. The way it works in less is after you type the / character, everything after that will be the search pattern. # ⚓ KDE_Gear_22.08_release_schedule_finalized⠀⇛ # ⚓ SCAM:_Lightmoon_IS_NOT_Kdenlive._Lightmoon_is MALWARE.⠀⇛ We have been notified of a site that is using Kdenlive’s name and likeness to distribute malware to users. We will not be linking to the site to avoid accidental downloads, but if a search lands you on a site offering “lightmoon”, “a free video editor” that looks in the screenshots identical to Kdenlive, this is malware. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ elementary_OS:_Updates_for_May,_2022⠀⇛ We’re now in the final stretch with just a handful of issues left to resolve before we can release elementary OS 7. This month there was a large focus on making new stable releases of packages so that we can prepare for building stable images of OS 7. As we’ve mentioned before, the primary development focus has shifted from OS 6 and some components can no longer be released there. But, for those things which can still be built on both versions, a trickle of updates has landed in OS 6.1 this month. o ⚓ Linux Mint ☛ [Linux_Mint]_Monthly_News_–_May_2022⠀⇛ Many thanks to our sponsors and all the people who donated to us. Thank you for your generous donations! Many thanks also to our developers, moderators and all the people in our community who help us in different ways. This is a fantastic project, it’s a real pleasure to work with you. o ⚓ Neowin ☛ Linux_Mint_project_takes_over_development_of_Timeshift backup_tool_and_makes_it_a_XApp⠀⇛ There has been an interesting development in this month’s Linux Mint news segment regarding the future of the backup utility Timeshift which has become a core part of the distro in recent years. It turns out that Tony George, the developer behind the project doesn’t have time to work on Timeshift any longer and has agreed for the Mint team to take over. As part of the plans, Timeshift will now become a XApp, a suite of apps developed by the Mint team. A core principle of Linux Mint is that things just work. To ensure things keep working after updates and upgrades, the Mint team started pushing, quite aggressively, for people to begin making system backups so they could restore their computers to an earlier state if anything went wrong. The tool of choice for backups in Mint was Timeshift and that utility has been bundled with the distro for quite a while now. o ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ Warp:_a_Fantastically_Simple_File_Transfer_App_for Linux_–_OMG!_Ubuntu!⠀⇛ Warp is a simple, no-fuss file transfer app for Linux desktops. Like, seriously simple. Built in GTK4, Warp offers the sort of clean, focused UI we more commonly associate with Mac apps than Linux ones. Not that user-friendly file transfer apps are unique or exclusive to Linux. Plenty exist. Yet Warp does something that tools I’ve written about in the past, like Linux Mint’s (terrific) Warpinator, don’t: it lets you send files outside of your local network. Or to quote the Warp page on Flathub: “Warp allows you to securely send files to each other via the internet or local network by exchanging a word-based code.” Which is kinda neat. The extra-LAN capability makes Warp the ideal tool to reach for when you want to share a file with friend/ colleague but don’t want to go through the predictable hassle of uploading it to a cloud-based service, generating a shareable link, sharing the link, them complaining the link doesn’t work, you having to check again… and so on. Just open Warp, select the file to “send”, and copy the shareable code it generates. The recipient just opens Warp, clicks “receive”, punches in the code and… et voila: digital transference through the binary ether. o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ SUSE’s Corporate Blog ☛ SUSE_Rancher_for_IBM_Z_and_LinuxONE is_available!⠀⇛ Today, SUSE has added IBM Z and LinuxONE support for several SUSE Rancher products – Rancher Manager, RKE2, K3s and Longhorn. Read on if you would like a little more information about each of these products. Rancher Manager is undoubtedly the most important product. With Rancher Manager it is easy to run Kubernetes everywhere. Learning how to manage Kubernetes can be difficult. The Rancher Manager web UI makes centrally managing multiple Kubernetes clusters much easier than having to use the command line to manage each Kubernetes cluster separately. Rancher Manager 2.6.4 includes support to manage any CNCF-certified s390x Kubernetes cluster which includes RKE2 and K3s. s390x is the architecture designation for IBM Z and LinuxONE servers. The validated features for the initial s390x support in Rancher Manager include Rancher Server, Rancher Agent, Kubernetes Fleet operations, Helm chart catalog and backup/restore operations. As newer Rancher Manager versions are released, monitoring, logging alerting and CIS scans for s390x Kubernetes deployments will be added. # ⚓ SUSE’s Corporate Blog ☛ Case_files_of_a_TSE:_How_do_you repair_and_rpm_database?_Very,_very_carefully.⠀⇛ This is an article which is part of a series that attempts to showcase the kind of work that SUSE Support does and how we help customers resolve issues they encounter when running SUSE products. The cases that are selected will be based on real cases. However, all details will be fully anonymized and stripped of identifying marks. Some problems are very hard to identify, but the steps to solve that issue are quite simple. Other problems are relatively easy to identify, but are not trivial to solve. I will share a problem that seems quite simple on the surface, but there are many complexities to take care of. # ⚓ SUSE’s Corporate Blog ☛ SUSE_partners_with_Close_the_Gap_to reduce_its_carbon_footprint_while_bridging_the_digital_divide [Ed: SUSE already has a green logo; now it does greenwashing]⠀⇛ Today, everything is digitally connected—from gaming, banking, education, and job searching, to socializing with your friends and family. While access to technology and the internet has become abundant in the developed world, a significant portion of the world’s population still does not have this same freedom to access. At the same time, global warming and environmental issues persist. # ⚓ SUSE’s Corporate Blog ☛ New_SUSE_eLearning_“Gold_Level” Subscription_with_Live_Labs_–_Where_You_Can_Do_It_All_|_SUSE Communities⠀⇛ The subscription includes over 130 hours of technical training content covering SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications, SUSE Manager and SUSE Rancher. With an annual subscription, you’ll also stay up to date with the latest product releases from SUSE. o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Red_Hat_to_help_DOE_to_containerize supercomputing_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Cloud-native architectures have changed the way applications are deployed, but remain relatively uncharted territory for high-performance computing (HPC). This week, however, Red Hat and the US Department of Energy will be making some moves in the area. The IBM subsidiary – working closely with the Lawrence Berkeley, Lawrence Livermore, and Sandia National Laboratories – aims to develop a new generation of HPC applications designed to run in containers, orchestrated using Kubernetes, and optimized for distributed filesystems. The work might also make AI/ML workloads easier for enterprises to deploy in the process. # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Happy_third_anniversary,_Enable Sysadmin!⠀⇛ In just three years, this community site “by sysadmins, for sysadmins” has given millions of people information to help them do their work better. # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Red_Hat_Learning_Subscription_Premium enables_learning_around_the_globe⠀⇛ In the first quarter of 2022, the labor market continued its trend of what has been coined the “great resignation,” leaving many organizations competing to recruit and retain top talent. Red Hat continues to iterate its training offerings to keep pace with the changing needs of this talent as well as the landscape of technology. Employees who participate in Red Hat Training average longer tenures and higher satisfaction with their jobs. Further, 75% of Red Hat Learning Subscription users agree that the subscription makes it faster and easier for them to troubleshoot issues with Red Hat technologies and 84% agree that they feel more confident on the job as a result of their training. # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Improved_analysis_of_IBM_Power environments_with_Red_Hat_Insights⠀⇛ As part of Red Hat’s hybrid cloud vision, Red Hat Insights is available on all actively supported versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), to help continuously analyze platforms and applications and better predict potential risk, no matter where RHEL is actually deployed. Even with this relative ubiquity of the service, we’ve never had IBM Power-specific recommendations in Insights — until now. Insights now integrates with an offering from IBM, the IBM Fix Level Recommendation Tool (FLRT). IBM FLRT provides cross-product compatibility information and fix recommendations for IBM products. One of the main IBM FLRT use cases is to plan upgrades of key components and to verify the installed software and firmware level to assess health and stability of your IBM Power systems. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Switch_Button_and_Raspberry_PI_Pico:_Wiring_and_MicroPython Code⠀⇛ Switch button with Raspberry PI Pico allows your projects to get the simplest input from the user: a push. With this input, you can start a program to execute a specific job only when the user requires it # ⚓ Arduino ☛ These_intelligent_slippers_sense_regular activities_and_falls_using_machine_learning⠀⇛ When it comes to activity monitors such as smartwatches, rings, and pendants, they are often considered cumbersome or too difficult to keep track of, especially for the elderly with memory or dexterity problems. This is why the team of Jure Špeh, Jan Adamic, Luka Mali, and Blaz Ardaljon Mataln Smehov decided to create the SmartSlippers project, which is a far more integrated method for detecting steps and falls. The hardware portion of the SmartSlippers prototype is just a Nano 33 BLE Sense board due to its onboard inertial measurement unit (IMU) and Bluetooth® Low Energy capability. At first, the team collected 14 minutes of five different types of movements: walking, running, stairs, falling, and idle within the Edge Impulse Studio. From here, they trained a neural network on these samples, which resulted in an accuracy of around 84%. # ⚓ Google ☛ Build_Open_Silicon_with_Google⠀⇛ Mature process nodes like SKY130 (a 130nm technology) offer a great way to prototype IoT applications that often need to balance cost and power with performance and leverage a mix of analog blocks and digital logic in their designs. They offer a faster turnaround rate than bleeding-edge process nodes for a fraction of the price; reducing the temporal and financial cost of making the right mistakes necessary to converge toward the optimal design. By combining open access to PDKs, and recent advancements in the development of open source ASIC toolchains like OpenROAD, OpenLane, and higher level synthesis toolchain like XLS, we are getting us one step closer to bringing software-like development methodology and fast iteration cycles to the silicon design world. Free and open source licensing, community collaboration, and fast iteration transformed the way we all develop software. We believe we are at the edge of a similar revolution for custom accelerator development, where hardware designers compete by building on each other’s works rather than reinventing the wheel. Towards this goal, we’ve been sponsoring a series of Open MPW shuttles on the Efabless platform, allowing around 250 open source projects to manufacture their own silicon. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Get_£200_off_S22_Range:_Trade_an_Android_phone_in_Any Condition⠀⇛ # ⚓ Three_significant_reasons_why_Android_beats_Apple_ (Promoted)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Police ☛ Amazon_is_removing_purchase_options_from Kindle,_Audible,_and_Music_on_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ India Times ☛ truecaller:_Truecaller_to_roll_out_these_five new_exciting_features_for_Android_users_–_The_Economic Times⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Install_APK_Files_on_Android⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ What_is_Miklos_hacking_–_Content_controls_in_Writer:_dropdown, picture_and_date_types⠀⇛ Word users expect to be able to import their document to Writer and experience a matching feature set: form filling is not an exception. Word provides several content control kinds (inline, block, row and cell content controls), this project focuses on inline (“run”) content controls. In the scope of inline content controls, the above linked blog post already described the rich text and checkbox types. In this post, we’ll focus on the new dropdown, picture and date content controls. o ⚓ Document Foundation ☛ Index_of_Training_Videos_about LibreOffice⠀⇛ In order to make it easier for users to find training videos about LibreOffice, we have created a comprehensive index updated to the end of April 2022 using the open source Zotero bibliography and reference management software. The index is published on this blog in the Media Hub section (clicking on the Media Hub menu, you will open a drop down menu with Press Releases and Index of Videos). o § Events⠀➾ # ⚓ BozemanGLUG:_June_2022_Meeting⠀⇛ The regular meeting would have been Thursday, June 2nd but we decided to postpone for one week to gather up more topics… so the meeting will be on Thursday, June 9th instead. Hopefully topics will be added to this meeting notice later. o § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ FSF ☛ May_GNU_Spotlight_with_Amin_Bandali:_eleven_new_GNU releases!⠀⇛ o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Sparky_news_2022/05⠀⇛ The 5th monthly Sparky project and donate report of 2022… # ⚓ Medevel ☛ 15_open-source_Tailwind-based_UI_frameworks_and component_libraries⠀⇛ Tailwind is a free, open-source utilities-first CSS framework. It was featured in dozens of projects by developers who use different frameworks as Vue, React, Angular, Blaze, Meteor, Svelte, and others. As its popularity is growing, developers start building their own custom libraries on top of Tailwind. # ⚓ Medevel ☛ CapRover_is_an_Open-source_PaaS_for_productive deployment⠀⇛ Easiest app/database deployment platform and webserver package for your NodeJS, Python, PHP, Ruby, Go applications. # ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ Jenkins_vs._Chef_|_All_you_need_to_know⠀⇛ Jenkins is an open-source continuous integration server. It provides continuous integration services for software development, mostly used in highly customized builds of software. And it is a continuous integration service for software development which you can primarily utilize in highly customized software builds. Continuous Integration (CI) is a software development process in which members of a team merge their work on a regular basis; typically, each individual integrates at least once each day, resulting in several integrations per day. To uncover integration faults as fast as possible, an automated build evaluates each integration (which includes a test). Further, the goal of CI is to ensure that all code committed to a shared repository can be built and tested, validating not only that the code works but also that it will continue to work properly when integrated with other code changes. # § Perl / Raku⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Perl_Steering_Council_lays_out_a backwards_compatible_future_for_Perl_7⠀⇛ The much-anticipated Perl 7 continues to twinkle in the distance although the final release of 5.36.0 is “just around the corner”, according to the Perl Steering Council. Well into its fourth decade, the fortunes of Perl have ebbed and flowed over the years. Things came to a head last year, with the departure of former “pumpking” Sawyer X, following what he described as community “hostility.” Part of the issue stemmed from the planned version 7 release, a key element of which, according to a post by the steering council “was to significantly reduce the boilerplate needed at the top of your code, by enabling a lot of widely used modules / pragmas.” It all sounds wonderful, but the price would have been the breaking of some backwards compatibility, meaning that some code targeting earlier versions of the programming language would have needed changing. “This prompted a lot of heated discussions,” said the council. “Some thought this was a great idea, and some thought it a terrible idea to throw away one of Perl’s key strengths.” * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Newport_Wafer_Fab_could_be_sold_to_US consortium_–_report⠀⇛ Considered to be preferable to sale to China-owned Nexperia, say sources # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Samsung_and_Intel_bosses_discuss_silicon co-operation_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger and Samsung Electronics boss Lee Jae-yong met on Monday in South Korea and “discussed how to cooperate between the two companies.” That quote comes from Samsung, which also let the world know the two leaders talked about next- generation memory chips, silicon for PCs and mobile devices, fabless chip design, the foundry business, and more. It is unclear if the talks addressed a particular issue, or just represented the heads of the world’s top two chipmakers getting together for a chat while Gelsinger was in town. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ AMD_nearly_doubles_Top500_supercomputer hardware_share_•_The_Register⠀⇛ In a sign of how meteoric AMD’s resurgence in high performance computing has become, the latest list of the world’s 500 fastest public known supercomputers shows the chip designer has become a darling among organizations deploying x86-based HPC clusters. The most eye-catching bit of AMD news among the supercomputing set is that the announcement of the Frontier supercomputer at the US Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which displaced Japan’s Arm-based Fugaku cluster for the No. 1 spot on the Top500 list of the world’s most- powerful publicly known systems. Top500 updates its list twice a year and published its most recent update on Monday. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ All-AMD_US_Frontier_supercomputer_ousts Japan’s_Fugaku_as_No._1_in_Top500⠀⇛ The land of the rising sun has fallen to the United States’ supercomputing might. Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s (ORNL) newly minted Frontier supercomputer has ousted Japan’s Arm-based Fugaku for the top spot on the Top500 rankings of the world’s most-powerful publicly known systems. Frontier’s lead over Japan’s A64X-based Fujitsu machine is by no means a narrow one either. The cluster achieved peak performance of 1.1 exaflops according to the Linpack benchmark, which has been the standard by which supercomputers have been ranked since the mid-1990s. Frontier marks the first publicly benchmarked exascale computer by quite a margin. The ORNL system is well ahead of Fugaku’s 442 petaflops of performance, which was a strong enough showing to keep Fugaku in the top spot for two years. Reaching exascale status is one thing, but many expected the efficiency-geared Fugaku system to hang onto its green rankings, even if it slipped on the performance front. But Frontier isn’t just the most powerful known supercomputer, its technology is now also the most efficient. At 52.23 gigaflops per watt, the system’s test-and-development machine Crusher also outperformed Japan’s Preferred Networks MN-3 system to take the lead spot on the Green500. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Azure_Active_Directory_logs_are_lagging, alerts_may_be_wrong_or_missing [Ed: This_is_a_defective ‘service’_which_compromises]⠀⇛ Microsoft has warned users that Azure Active Directory isn’t currently producing reliable sign- in logs. “Customers using Azure Active Directory and other downstream impacted services may experience a significant delay in availability of logging data for resources,” the Azure status page explains. Tools including Azure Portal, MSGraph, Log Analytics, PowerShell, and/or Application Insights are all impacted. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Wednesday⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (libjpeg-turbo, webkit2gtk, and wpewebkit), Fedora (golang-github-opencontainers-runc, mingw-pcre2, python-jwt, python-ujson, and weechat), Oracle (nodejs:16 and rsyslog), Red Hat (container-tools: 3.0, expat, fapolicyd, kernel, kernel-rt, kpatch- patch, mariadb:10.3, postgresql:12, rsyslog and rsyslog7, and zlib), Slackware (mozilla), SUSE (bind, dpdk, fribidi, hdf5, librelp, php74, postgresql12, and postgresql13), and Ubuntu (cups, linux-gcp-5.13, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-5.13, linux-gcp-5.4, linux-gkeop, linux-gkeop-5.4, linux- ibm-5.4, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-5.4, linux- raspi, linux-raspi-5.4, and webkit2gtk). # ⚓ USCERT ☛ Karakurt_Data_Extortion_Group [Ed: Microsoft Windows TCO]⠀⇛ CISA, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Department of Treasury, and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) have released a joint Cybersecurity Advisory (CSA) to provide information on the Karakurt data extortion group. Karakurt actors steal data and threaten to auction it off or release it to the public unless they receive payment of the demanded ransom. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Watch_out_for_phishing_emails_that_inject spyware_trio_•_The_Register [Ed: Microsoft Windows TCO]⠀⇛ An emailed report seemingly about a payment will, when opened in Excel on a Windows system, attempt to inject three pieces of file-less malware that steal sensitive information. Researchers with Fortinet’s FortiGuard Labs threat intelligence unit have been tracking this mailspam campaign since May, outlining how three remote access trojans (RATs) are fired into the system once the attached file is opened in Excel. From there, the malicious code will not only steal information, but can also remotely control aspects of the PC. The first of the three pieces of malware is AveMariaRAT (also known as Warzone RAT), followed by Pandora hVCN RAT and BitRAT. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Smart_homes_are_hackable_homes_if_not equipped_with_updated,_supported_tech [Ed: Homes that reject these mass surveillance devices are impenetrable to such attacks; fully updated devices still spy on you]⠀⇛ Smart homes are increasingly becoming hackable homes, according to consumer research. The report by consumer rights organization Which? paints a grim picture for people who have equipped their residences with gadgets, many from trusted tech names. As with pretty much everything in IT, if you connect a device to the internet, ensuring it’s patched and has a decent password is the very least owners can do. Even then, there are no guarantees that this is secure. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Cops’_Killer_Bee_stings_credential- stealing_scammer [Ed: Microsoft Windows TCO]⠀⇛ “It will also exfiltrate credentials from multiple software programs like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Outlook — making its potential impact truly catastrophic,” Qualys Principal Research Engineer Ghanshyam More wrote in a technical analysis earlier this year. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Global_tech_industry_objects_to_India’s new_infosec_reporting_regime⠀⇛ Eleven significant tech-aligned industry associations from around the world have reportedly written to India’s Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) to call for revision of the nation’s new infosec reporting and data retention rules, which they criticise as inconsistent, onerous, unlikely to improve security within India, and possibly harmful to the nations economy. The rules were introduced in late April and are extraordinarily broad. For example, operators of datacenters, clouds, and VPNs, are required to register customers’ names, dates on which services were used, and even customer IP addresses, and store that data for five years. Another requirement is to report over 20 types of infosec incident, even port scanning or attempted phishing, within six hours of detection. Among the reportable incidents are “malicious/suspicious activities” directed towards almost any type of IT infrastructure or equipment, without explanation of where to draw the line between malicious and suspicious activity. The new rules attracted plenty of local criticism on grounds that a six-hour reporting window is too short, the requirement to record VPN users’ details is an attack on privacy, and that the requirements are too broad and therefore represent an onerous compliance burden. # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Clever_—_and_Exploitable_—_Windows_Zero- Day⠀⇛ Researchers have reported a still-unpatched Windows zero-day that is currently being exploited in the wild. # ⚓ Code_execution_0-day_in_Windows_has_been_under_active exploit_for_7_weeks_|_Ars_Technica⠀⇛ A critical code execution zero-day in all supported versions of Windows has been under active exploit for seven weeks, giving attackers a reliable means for installing malware without triggering Windows Defender and a roster of other endpoint protection products. The Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool vulnerability was reported to Microsoft on April 12 as a zero-day that was already being exploited in the wild, researchers from Shadow Chaser Group said on Twitter. A response dated April 21, however, informed the researchers that the Microsoft Security Response Center team didn’t consider the reported behavior a security vulnerability because, supposedly, the MSDT diagnostic tool required a password before it would execute payloads. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ CIOs_largely_believe_their_software supply_chain_is_vulnerable⠀⇛ Ask 1,000 CIOs whether they believe their organizations are vulnerable to cyberattacks targeting their software supply chains and about 82 percent can be expected to say yes. Security biz Venafi engaged research firm Coleman Parkes to put that question to as many corporate IT leaders from the US, UK, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Australia, and New Zealand. The result was an emphatic vote of no confidence. “The results show that while CIOs understand the risk of these types of attacks, they have yet to grasp the fundamental organizational changes and new security controls they will need to incorporate into their security posture to reduce the risk of supply chain attacks that can be devastating to themselves and their customers,” says Venafi’s report, which was released on Tuesday. [...] Blame SolarWinds, Codecov, and Kaseya – companies that had their corporate software build tools compromised in sophisticated attacks that affected their customers – not to mention the past five years of poisoned packages at popular open-source software registries. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Dutch_public_sector_gets_green light_to_use_Google_Workspace⠀⇛ A Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) into Google Workspace was launched by the Central Dutch government in 2020. The report noted there were eight high-risk issues, principally around data collection. It also noted that Google did not provide all the personal data it held when asked to do so under the GDPR provisions for the right to request access. Google said today: “As a result of this process, the Central Dutch government, the Dutch education sector organisations/ institutions, and Google Cloud found agreement and will continue working together on the DPIA recommendations.” o § Environment⠀➾ # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ pests⠀⇛ Among all the other introduced pests in Australia, one that I really detest and keep meeting up with is the European wasp[1]. Sadly, there seem to be more and more of them each year, spreading further and further around the country and deeper into bushland. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ India_probes_finances_at_ZTE_and_Vivo, irking_China_•_The_Register⠀⇛ India’s government has reportedly started probes into the local activities of Chinese tech companies Vivo and ZTE, prompting a rebuke from China’s foreign ministry. As was the case when Indian authorities seized $725 million from Chinese gadget-maker Xiaomi, the investigations focus on possible irregular financial reporting that may amount to fraud, according to newswire Bloomberg’s original report on the matter. A Bloomberg reporter asked about the state of the investigations at the daily press conference staged by China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which produces a transcript of each day’s event. Zhao Lijian, China’s famously feisty foreign ministry spokesperson, said Beijing “is closely following the situation.” # ⚓ I_Bought_a_Sofa_Bed_That_Wasn’t_For_Sale⠀⇛ I needed a sofa bed and started looking around. The only one that fit my criteria was the IKEA Nyhamn. The problem was that it doesn’t currently exist. To be more precise hardly any IKEA store (at least here in Sweden) has it in because of logistical issues. # ⚓ Rochelimit’s_Gemlog⠀⇛ The price of diesel has reached £1.90 per litre (about $9 per US gallon), food prices are way up, the economy seems to be heading for a period of stagflation, the UK government is destroying the constitutional checks and balances on its actions, Russia is making gains in eastern Ukraine. And little England is putting up the bunting to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of an elderly monarch who inherited her position and wealth and seemingly has no influence on the governance of the nation. What is an anti-monarchist to do? # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ UK_opens_up_‘high-potential_individual route’_for_tech_worker_immigration⠀⇛ The UK has begun a fast-track visa scheme for tech workers graduating from a list of top 50 universities worldwide. Critics, however, maintain the scheme will fail to compensate for the barriers erected to tech recruitment from the EU as a result of Brexit. Announcing the “high-potential individual route”, which started from 30 May, the British government said it wants to attract the world’s top graduates in subjects such as science, engineering and medical research. Sought-after skills also include cybersecurity in a plan to support both economic growth as well as technological and medical advances. The UK’s chief finance minister, Rishi Sunak, said: “This new visa offer means that the UK can continue to attract the best and brightest from across the globe. The route means that the UK will grow as a leading international hub for innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship. “We want the businesses of tomorrow to be built here today – which is why I call on students to take advantage of this incredible opportunity to forge their careers here,” he added. Successful applicants will get a two-year work visa for Britain — three years for those with PhDs — and could move into other long-term employment routes. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Elon_Musk_orders_Tesla_execs_back_to_the office⠀⇛ Tesla supremo Elon Musk has declared that executive staff at his battery-powered vehicle biz shall not work from afar. In an email sent to Tesla underlings and obtained by the New York Times, Musk tells Tesla execs that remote work is no longer acceptable. “Anyone who wishes to do remote work must be in the office for a minimum (and I mean minimum) of 40 hours per week or depart Tesla,” Musk’s missive mandates. “This is less than we ask of factory workers.” Musk, the world’s richest person at the moment, allows that he may, at his discretion, bend his rules for “particularly exceptional contributors” – if you have to ask, that’s probably not you. The billionaire poly-boss and Twitter influencer further stipulates that “office” as he defines it means main office, not some remote branch unrelated to one’s duties. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ US_Supreme_Court_restores_Texas_social media_law_injunction_•_The_Register⠀⇛ The US Supreme Court on Tuesday reinstated the suspension of Texas’ social-media law HB 20 while litigation to have the legislation declared unconstitutional continues. The law, signed in September by Texas Governor Greg Abbott (R), and promptly opposed, forbids large social media companies from moderating lawful content based on a “viewpoint,” such as “smoking cures cancer” or “vaccines are poison” or hateful theories of racial superiority. Its ostensible purpose is to prevent internet giants from discriminating against conservative social media posts, something that studies indicate is not happening. Those fighting the law – industry groups and advocacy organizations – say the rules would require large social media services such as Facebook and Twitter to distribute “lawful but awful” content – hate speech, misinformation, and other dubious material. They argue companies have a First Amendment right to exercise editorial discretion for the content distributed on their platforms. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Tweaks_to_IPv4_could_free_up_‘hundreds_of millions_of_addresses’⠀⇛ It may be nearly three years since the world officially exhausted all of the available IPv4 internet addresses, but now a new initiative has been proposed that could free up hundreds of millions of addresses that are currently unused – or are they? While the world is still slowly moving towards broader adoption of the newer IPv6 protocol, which offers a vast address space, the widespread continued use of IPv4 has caused problems because all available ranges of the roughly 4.3 billion addresses it supports have largely been allocated. # ⚓ Bikelog⠀⇛ I wanted to keep a history of my bike rides, so I created the “bikelog” on my capsule. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4015 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_01/06/2022:_Release_of_Linux_Lite_6.0_and_/e/OS-powered_Murena_One_is Here⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 5:04 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Audiocasts/Shows o Graphics_Stack o Instructionals/Technical o Games o Desktop_Environments/WMs # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o NixOS o New_Releases o Debian_Family o Devices/Embedded o Open_Hardware/Modding o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Web_Browsers # Mozilla o Programming/Development # Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh * Leftovers o Science o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies # Copyrights * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Video ☛ Google_Was_“DDoSing”_SourceHut_For_Over_A_Year_– Invidious⠀⇛ Source Hut is a relatively small source forge and for the past year hsa been getting smashed with traffic all coming from the exact same location, coming from a new proxy system introduced by the Go project created by Google o § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ NVIDIA_stable_driver_515.48.07_out_now, Gamescope_improvements_and_more⠀⇛ NVIDIA released a brand new stable driver release for Linux, building on the previous Beta that released along with their new open source kernel modules. Version 515.48.07 contains all on the updates from the 515.43.04 Beta, along with some additional improvements and fixes. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ On_the_Proper_use_of_Post-Its®⠀⇛ Our facilitator diagnosed our dispair, “If you peel post-its from the side, they don’t curl up.” # ⚓ Network World ☛ Change_an_IP_address_from_dynamic_to_static with_a_bash_script_|_Network_World⠀⇛ Changing the IP address of a Linux system from dynamic to static is not difficult, but requires a little care and a set of commands that you likely rarely use. This post provides a bash script that will run through the process, collect the needed information and then issue the commands required to make the changes while asking as little as possible from the person running it. The bulk of the script focusses on making sure that the correct settings are used. For example, it collects the 36-charater universally unique identifier (UUID) from the system so that you never have to type it in or copy and paste it into place. # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ 11_Common_ADB_Commands_You_Should_Know⠀⇛ The Android Debug Bridge (ADB) is a command-line tool to interact with your Android device from your computer. ADB commands enable you to perform a wide range of tasks, including some that would be difficult or even impossible to achieve without ADB. In this article we cover the essential ADB commands that every Android user should know. # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ How_to_install_Rider_2022_on_a Chromebook⠀⇛ Today we are looking at how to install Rider 2022 on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below. # ⚓ TechRadar ☛ What_is_SSH_access?_Everything_you_need_to know⠀⇛ SSH (Secure Shell) is a network protocol that enables secure communication between two devices, often used to access remote servers as well as to transfer files or execute commands. SSH was originally developed by Tatu Ylonen in 1995 to replace Telnet, a network protocol that allowed users to connect to remote computers, most often to test connectivity or to remotely administer a server. Today, SSH has become the standard for remote access for many organizations, and is used by system administrators to manage servers remotely or to securely connect to their personal computers. SSH is also commonly used to tunnel traffic through untrusted networks, such as public Wi-Fi hotspots. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Crusader_Kings_III:_Fate_of_Iberia_is_out along_with_a_free_update⠀⇛ One of the best strategy games around has grown with the Crusader Kings III: Fate of Iberia DLC now available, along with the usual Paradox free update for all players. Paradox call it a “flavor pack”, so it’s not quite a full expansion but has enough new content that looks like it may be worth picking up. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ In_the_relaxing_sim_Sprout_Valley_you’re_a cute_cat_farming_a_tiny_island⠀⇛ Sprout Valley looks quite sweet. A game where you play as Nico, a cute cat that has stepped away from their busy life to clean up a tiny island and create a nice farm. One I missed that had a successful Kickstarter that finished earlier this month. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Check_out_the_new_demo_for_Casebook_1899_– The_Leipzig_Murders⠀⇛ Casebook 1899 – The Leipzig Murders is a fresh upcoming retro pixel-art point and click adventure, with a brand new demo available to try now. Homo Narrans Studio are crowdfunding it now on Kickstarter, with a €15,000 goal and to entice people in the demo features the first full case to play through. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Crystal_Project_is_a_wonderful_new_RPG_you need_to_pick_up⠀⇛ Do you love classic JRPGs? Final Fantasy? Or anything like it? Well, Crystal Project released recently from developer Andrew Willman and it’s quite wonderful. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ ROTA_is_a_cute_and_colourful_gravity- bending_puzzle-platformer_worth_a_look⠀⇛ It might look colourful and inviting but don’t let that fool you, ROTA is going to test your brain with its gravity-defying puzzle mechanics. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Sony’s_Foray_Into_First_Party_Titles_Going_To The_PC_Market_To_Massively_Expand⠀⇛ For the past couple of years, we have been tracking Sony’s long overdue foray into making its first party titles available to the PC gaming market. Sony, famous for walling off these titles and making them Playstation exclusives, began loosening that grip in 2020. MLB: The Show suddenly appeared on other consoles (though not on PC, grrrr), while Horizon: Zero Dawn got a long-awaited PC port that helped propel that title into incredible sales territory. Perhaps as a result of that success, Sony then acquired Nixxes, a company that specializes in porting console games to the PC. Many of us took this as a sign that Sony was ready to jump into PC gaming with both feet. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ GNOME_Desktop_for_Mobile_Devices_Looks Promising,_Here’s_What_to_Expect⠀⇛  GNOME devs are currently working on bringing their current GNOME Shell to mobile devices. Work started during the development of the GNOME 40 desktop environment and GNOME Shell for mobile already has a fully customizable app grid with pagination, folders, and drag- and-drop re-ordering, “stick-to-finger” horizontal workspace gestures, as well as swipe up gestures for navigating the Activities Overview and app grid. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § NixOS⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Magazine ☛ NixOS_22.5_Is_Now_Available⠀⇛ The latest release of NixOS with a much-improved package manager and a user-friendly graphical installer. NixOS is a unique take on Linux, in that everything (including the kernel, applications, system packages, and configuration files) is built by the Nix package manager. And by isolating every application from one another, the developers have achieved a distribution without using /bin, /sbin, /lib, or /usr directories. Instead, all packages are stored within /nix/store. With the release of NixOS 22.5 9,345 new packages have been added and 10,666 have been updated. This was achieved, thanks to 1,611 contributors and 46,727 commits. Impressive. # ⚓ Video ☛ NixOS_22.05_Run_Through_–_Invidious⠀⇛ In this video, we are looking at NixOS 22.05. # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ NixOS_22.05⠀⇛ Today we are looking at NixOS 22.05. It comes with Gnome 42, Linux kernel 5.15, and uses about 600- 800MB of ram when idling. Enjoy! o § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Linux_Lite_6.0_Is_Finally_Here_with_the_Xfce 4.16_Desktop,_Based_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Dubbed “Fluorite”, Linux Lite 6.0 is derived from the Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) operating system series and it’s powered by the long-term supported Linux 5.15 LTS kernel series. This is the first release of this lightweight distribution targeted at Windows users who want to migrate to a Linux-powered OS that features the latest and greatest Xfce 4.16 desktop environment. # ⚓ Linux_Lite_6.0_Final_Released_–_See_Release_Announcements⠀⇛ Linux Lite 6.0 Final is now available for download and installation. The theme of this Series is inclusion and freshness. The newest Browser, the newest Office suite, the newest custom software. It always been my goal to provide a lean, fully functioning operating system. In Series 6x this will be our ongoing focus. New to this release are Assistive Technologies. In the form of a screen reader, a desktop magnifier and a virtual keyboard. All tools that ensures our hearing and sight impaired community is no longer forgotten. A new Theme, a new System Monitor and Manager round out the main new features. See below for details. # ⚓ DebugPoint ☛ Linux_Lite_6.0_Arrives_with_Xfce_4.16_and Ditches_Firefox_for_Chrome⠀⇛ An article and coverage of the new major release Linux Lite 6.0 which brings Ubuntu 22.04 base, Xfce 4.16, a new theme and more. o § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Paul_Wise:_FLOSS_Activities_May_2022⠀⇛ This month I didn’t have any particular focus. I just worked on issues in my info bubble. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ E-ink_phone⠀⇛ It’s finally arrived! I thought I’d write a little bit a about my new phone as it’s quite rare in the English speaking world. It’s the Hisense A5 Pro CC. This phone and it’s larger cousin, the A7, are the only two color E-ink phones in the world and are among a very short list of E-ink phones in general. # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ CHUWI_launches_RZBOX_2022_mini_PC_based_on AMD_RYZEN_7_5800H_APU⠀⇛ Chuwi has recently revealed a mini-PC that features the AMD Ryzen 7 5800H (3.2GHz – 4.4GHz) integrated with the Radeon RX Vega 8-core GPU (up to 170MHz). Unlike other mini-PCs for light use, the RZBOX 2022 was designed to run modern games, entertainment systems, etc. Price starts at $639 available at Chuwi’s website. The AMD Ryzen 7 5800H implements the Zen 3 architecture (7nm process), features 8-cores and 16 threads. To complement the powerful processor, there are 16GB DDR4 (3200MHz) and dual-channel memory slots for additional capacity (up to 64GB). As in other previous Chuwi mini-PC models, the RZBOX comes with 512GB SSD and dual M.2 SSD slots for even more storage.  # ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ Celebrating_the_community:_Jay⠀⇛ We love being able to share how young people across the world are getting creative with technology and solving problems that matter to them. That’s why we put together a series of films that celebrate the personal stories of young tech creators. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Cannoli:_The_Fast_QEMU_Tracer⠀⇛ Cannoli is a high-performance tracing engine for qemu-user. It can record a trace of both PCs executed as well as memory operations. It consists of a small patch to QEMU to expose locations to inject some code directly into the JIT, a shared library which is loaded into QEMU to decide what and how to instrument, and a final library which consumes the stream produced by QEMU in another process, where analysis can be done on the trace. Cannoli is designed to record this information with minimum interference of QEMU’s execution. In practice, this means that QEMU needs to produce a stream of events, and hand them off (very quickly) to another process to handle more complex analysis of them. Doing the analysis during execution of the QEMU JIT itself would dramatically slow down execution. # ⚓ Pine64 ☛ May_Update:_Worth_The_Wait⠀⇛ Hello everyone! This month we’re announcing production of the Pinebook Pro resuming and introduction of Quartz64 model-B. I had an opportunity to meet with TL earlier this month, and got some ear-on time with the Pinebuds, so I dedicated a section to my early impressions from the time spent with the prototype. This update also brings news of SOQuartz Blade hostboard production, camera enablement on the PinePhone Pro and a guest write-up by dsimic addressing issues some users have been experiencing with their PinePhone (Pro) keyboards. There is truly a lot to get to this month, so let’s get into it. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ ZDNet ☛ Murena,_the_privacy-first_Android_smartphone, arrives_|_ZDNet⠀⇛ If you value privacy and you use a smartphone, you’ve got a problem. Both Apple and Google constantly collect data on you. A Vanderbilt University study found, for example, that Android sends data to Google even if your phone is sitting idle with Chrome running in the background at a rate of 340 times a day. Murena and Mandrake Linux founder Gael Duval was sick of it by 2017. He wanted his data to be his data, and he wanted open-source software. Almost five years later, Duval and his co-developers launched the Murena One X2. It’s the first high-end Android phone using the open-source /e/OS Android fork to arrive on the market. # ⚓ Idiomdrottning ☛ Time_to_review_the_phone_that_I_helped make!⠀⇛ This is one awful phone. If you’re reading this waaaay later, it might have become good, just as Light and Punkt eventually improved. But it’s not now. I’ve used this as my one and only phone for six months. And since it’s so unusable, that has meant pretty much emergencies & delivieries only. * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ Open-Source_vs._Closed-Source_Software:_What’s_the Difference?⠀⇛ Free and open-source software is software where you not only have access to freely use a program, but to view, edit, and share its source code as well. Source code refers to the code that a person (or, on some occasions, a computer) typed when creating a program. This is distinct from binary code, which is the actual language that a computer speaks. When a programmer is done writing a program, they compile the source code into a binary program. A human knows how to read source code. A computer knows how to read binary code. When someone distributes a program, they typically provide you with a binary file that you can run on your computer. That program isn’t free and open source unless they also provide you with the source code and the freedom to do with both largely what you wish. o ⚓ marginalia.nu_goes_open_source⠀⇛ After a bit of soul searching with regards to the future of the website, I’ve decided to open source the code for marginalia.nu, all of its services, including the search engine, encyclopedia, memex, etc. A motivating factor is the search engine has sort of grown to a scale where it’s becoming increasingly difficult to productively work on as a personal solo project. It needs more structure. What’s kept me from open sourcing it so far has also been the need for more structure. The needs of the marginalia project, and the needs of an open source project have effectively aligned. o ⚓ A_dynamic_experimental_DNS_server,_just_for_fun⠀⇛ Let me introduce you to a new program, an experimental authoritative DNS server intended for dynamic answers (answers depending, for instance, on the client). It is just for fun and it does not pretend to replace existing programs. But you may want to read its source code, or use its online demo, at dyn.bortzmeyer.fr. My main goal was to have fun. A secondary goal was to have a service to get the IP address used by resolvers to query authoritative name servers. So, as said above, this program is not intended for mission-critical uses. The program is named Drink, for no special reason. Its source code is available online, under a free-software licence. It uses the Elixir programming language and I’ll talk about it later. o § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Tor ☛ New_Alpha_Release:_Tor_Browser_11.5a12_ (Android,_Windows,_macOS,_Linux)⠀⇛ Tor Browser 11.5a12 is now available from the Tor Browser download page and also from our distribution directory. This version includes important security updates to Firefox. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ DJ Adams ☛ Reshaping_data_values_using_jq’s_with_entries⠀⇛ While I’ve played around a little with the entries family, this is the first time I’ve used it for real. Going through the intermediate process of finding myself using map actually has helped me reflect on with_entries very well. # ⚓ Harshvardhan ☛ Street_Maps_(of_Some_Cities)⠀⇛ Over the last few days, I dabbled with maps in R. Two days ago, I made a map of all the cities I’ve visited. Today, I thought to make street maps of some of them (and other cool cities). The dark grey lines are highways and roadways, light grey lines are other streets and blue is water. # ⚓ Tim Bray ☛ Field-Value_Automata⠀⇛ When I introduced Quamina, I described the core trick: You prepare an arbitrary JSON blob for automaton-based matching by “Flattening” it into a list of name/value pairs, then sorting them in name order. Today, a closer look at how you work with the flattened data. # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾ # ⚓ gmi_to_html_With_awk⠀⇛ Just knocked up (really mostly borrowed) a quick solution to mirror my gemlog to my https site. # ⚓ Writing_Unit-Tests_and_Mocks_for_UNIX_Shells⠀⇛ In this post, I want to focus on unit tests. A given file containing some shell funtions shall be tested so that it is ensured that the functions formally conform to their specification. Now, what does mocking actually mean? Again, some definitions before discussing some real- world examples: [...] * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Why_bought_sites_get_taken_offline⠀⇛ What happens when a website or service gets purchased by a larger company, with assurances and promises that it’ll remain operational? We all know the drill! The effort the original owners put into claiming a site will remain online scales linearly with the chances of it vanishing as soon as the ink has dried on their new contracts. This sounds cynical, but it’s a modern web reality, and very human. This can happen for a few reasons; some more truthful than others. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Nature ☛ A_free_customizable_tool_for_easy_integration_of microfluidics_and_smartphones⠀⇛ The integration of smartphones and microfluidics is nowadays the best possible route to achieve effective point-of-need testing (PONT), a concept increasingly demanded in the fields of human health, agriculture, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Nevertheless, efforts are still required to integrally seize all the advantages of smartphones, as well as to share the developments in easily adoptable formats. For this purpose, here we present the free platform appuente that was designed for the easy integration of microfluidic chips, smartphones, and the cloud. It includes a mobile app for end users, which provides chip identification and tracking, guidance and control, processing, smart-imaging, result reporting and cloud and Internet of Things (IoT) integration. The platform also includes a web app for PONT developers, to easily customize their mobile apps and manage the data of administered tests. Three application examples were used to validate appuente: a dummy grayscale detector that mimics quantitative colorimetric tests, a root elongation assay for pesticide toxicity assessment, and a lateral flow immunoassay for leptospirosis detection. The platform openly offers fast prototyping of smartphone apps to the wide community of lab-on-a-chip developers, and also serves as a friendly framework for new techniques, IoT integration and further capabilities. Exploiting these advantages will certainly help to enlarge the use of PONT with real-time connectivity in the near future. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNET ☛ US_Reclaims_Supercomputing_Crown_With_AMD-Powered Frontier⠀⇛ The Hewlett Packard Enterprise-built machine handily beat out the previous record holder Fugaku, which registered a peak computational performance last year of 442 petaflops — less than half the speed of the Frontier. The IBM-built Summit machine was the world’s fastest supercomputer for two years before the Japanese-made Fugaku claimed the title in June 2020. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Re:_Some_Backstory_and_Observations_about_Living_with_Heart Disease⠀⇛ I myself have to accept that my health is degraded, and I have not reached 60 either. And of course it is unclear, how to proceed, how life will go on. I have reached the state, where regular visits to the doctor occur, where taking medication daily is the norm. This is my personal definition of getting old. I have lost a noticable fraction of my confidence in life. And that is a consequence of the direct experience of finiteness, imho. o § Proprietary⠀➾ # ⚓ Hari Rana ☛ A_Letter_to_Discord_for_not_Supporting_the Linux_Desktop⠀⇛ Disclaimer: This post is not meant to attack the Discord developers, rather to write in hope that Discord will listen to the Linux community about practical issues with the Discord client on the Linux desktop. I also haven’t contacted the Discord developers, so information may be wrong. TL;DR: Outdated Electron. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Accused_of_Cheating_by_an_Algorithm,_and_a Professor_She_Had_Never_Met⠀⇛ What happened, however, was more complicated than a simple algorithmic mistake. It involved several humans, academic bureaucracy and an automated facial detection tool from Amazon called Rekognition. Despite extensive data collection, including a recording of the girl, 17, and her screen while she took the test, the accusation of cheating was ultimately a human judgment call: Did looking away from the screen mean she was cheating? o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Threat Post ☛ EnemyBot_Malware_Targets_Web_Servers,_CMS Tools_and_Android_OS [Ed: This boils down not to a flaw but people installing malware]⠀⇛ The first section is a python script ‘cc7.py’, used to download all dependencies and compile the malware into different OS architectures (x86, ARM, macOS, OpenBSD, PowerPC, MIPS). After compilation, a batch file “update.sh” is created and used to spread the malware to vulnerable targets. # ⚓ TechRadar ☛ Hackers_could_turn_Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux into_a_secret_weapon [Ed: This is a Windows issue. Microsoft is on a FUD campaign against "Linux", not just this EEE.]⠀⇛ # ⚓ LinuxSecurity ☛ What_You_Need_to_Know_About_Open-Source Software_Security [Ed: Self-promotional anti-Free software FUD disguised as "advice" or "reporting"; this sort of SPAM is often connected financially to Microsoft]⠀⇛ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ After_Uvalde,_social_media_monitoring apps_struggle_to_justify_surveillance⠀⇛ It’s an increasingly common service as schools grapple with the chaos of social media, often raising serious privacy and speech concerns along the way. Systems like Social Sentinel promise to give genuine insight into the huge volume of information posted on social media every day, parsing out the signal from the noise so that educators can be informed of threats before harm takes place. For these firms, it can be a lucrative business — but often, they’re mining shallow insights from available data, providing few benefits to outweigh the privacy harms. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Utah_Cops_Used_‘Reverse_Warrants’_To_Track Down_A_Bunch_Of_Petty_Criminals⠀⇛ Whenever cops discover a new means or method of tracking people that seems to run afoul of the letter (if not the spirit) of the Fourth Amendment, they’re quick to defend these actions by claiming they’re necessary to hunt down the most dangerous of criminals: terrorists, sexual exploiters of children, kidnappers, homicide suspects, etc. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Coming_to_Terms_With_Our_Grief_for_the World⠀⇛ Uvalde keyed me to a feeling that has been growing in recent months, helped me to identify it. Grief. The sense that comes with loss and failure.  Of a world coming to grief. For there is no doubt, we are leaving a wounded world to our children, one wracked by climate catastrophe and general ecological deterioration. I’ve felt a grief about that for a long time. But the Ukraine War and the intensification of great power conflict has deepened that feeling immensely. This is the decade we were supposed to be undertaking a vast transformation in infrastructures to bring climate-twisting pollution down by at least half. To leave our kids with a world they can cope with. A Green New Deal. A new World War II with that scale of investment. Instead we seem to be setting up for World War III, with nations amping up their arms spending, while the fossil fuel industry gains the clout to reverse drilling bans. Replacing Russian fossil fuels with renewables is on the margin, while increased oil and gas production is the main show. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Pulse_Nightclub_Massacre_Survivor:_Delayed Police_Response_in_Uvalde_Shows_Pattern_in_Mass_Shootings⠀⇛ The incompetence of the local police response to the mass shooting at Robb Elementary has drawn attention to the inadequacy of police for stopping gun violence. We speak with Brandon Wolf, a survivor of the 2016 massacre at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida, where police took three hours to respond after an emergency call, and 13 people may have bled to death during that time. “We have to be honest about stopping gun violence before it erupts in the halls of our school, instead of waiting to assess whether or not police officers responded in the right way once it’s over,” says Wolf, who is now a gun control and LGBTQ rights advocate. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ 21_Gun_Salute⠀⇛ “21 Gun Salute,” a new original cartoon by the inimitable Mr. Fish, considers the hypocrisy so often on display by the predominately pro-life party. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ A_Reporter_Reflects_on_Covering_Seven_Mass Shootings⠀⇛ When a Texas law enforcement official last week laid out how police waited in the halls of Robb Elementary School while children trapped with the gunman pleaded for help, my mind went back to 23 years ago. April 20, 1999. I remember it all too clearly. Two teenagers methodically murdered 12 classmates and a teacher inside Columbine High School in Colorado, and even though police swarmed to the scene quickly, they stayed outside, waiting. Those within hung a sign in a window to alert officers below: “1 bleeding to death.” The SWAT team ignored it. When officers finally searched the building, they found the body of Dave Sanders, a teacher shot hours before. # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ War_Crimes_Meeting_Held_at_Hague Over_Russia-Ukraine_War⠀⇛ The joint investigation team, made up of Ukraine, Lithuania and Poland, that is meeting Tuesday in The Hague was established in late March, a few weeks after the ICC opened an investigation in Ukraine, after dozens of the court’s member states threw their weight behind an inquiry. Khan has visited Ukraine, including Bucha, and has a team of investigators in the country gathering evidence. Ukraine’s prosecutor general, Iryna Venediktova, will be among those at the meeting. Her office has already opened more than 8,000 criminal investigations related to the war and identified over 500 suspects, including Russian ministers, military commanders and propagandists. Last week, in the first case of its kind linked to the war, a Ukrainian court sentenced a captured Russian soldier to the maximum penalty of life in prison for killing a civilian. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘They_ripped_out_the_tooth_but_said_they_couldn’t sew_up_her_gum’_The_girlfriend_of_Sasha_Skochilenko,_the first_person_in_Russia_to_face_felony_charges_for_‘spreading disinfo’_about_the_military,’_describes_her_case⠀⇛ On April 13, a court in St. Petersburg jailed artist Sasha Skochilenko for replacing price tags at a local grocery store with stickers bearing anti-war messages. Skochilenko stands accused of the felony offense of spreading “disinformation” about the Russian military. Meduza spoke to her girlfriend, Sofya Subbotina, about the artist’s life before and after Russia’s February invasion of Ukraine, her arrest, and the conditions of her pre- trial detention, which now jeopardize Skochilenko’s life. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Targeting_Children:_Killing_Fields_in_the Age_of_Mass_Shootings⠀⇛ The United States has become the wild west of violence and a signpost of the power of gun lobbies, the arms industry, and the military- industrial complex to buy off politicians in order to get their support. As one example, Sen. Ted Cruz of Texas receives more money from the gun lobbies than any other Senator. Unsurprisingly, his response to the horrific mass shooting of children in Uvalde, Texas was to arm teachers. Other arms propagandists in the GOP have called for putting fewer doors in schools. It gets worse. Some politicians and media pundits  have called for supplying students with bullet-proof blankets. It is hard to make this stuff up. While the Democratic Party laments the lack of gun regulations, its hypocrisy is astonishing as it pours money into the military-industrial complex, the defense budget, and police departments in the form of outdated military weapons. As Jeffrey St. Clair points out, $7.4 billion in military equipment has been transferred to police departments across the United States since 1990. He also observes rightly that both parties support, benefit from, and are in collusion with the merchants of death “whose arms exports totaled $138.2 billion in 2021, before the blank check given to Ukraine.” Not to mention the millions racked up by gun manufactures who received COVID relief checks.[5] # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Erroneous_predictions:_Political_scientist_Kirill Rogov_on_why_Russia’s_invasion_of_Ukraine_isn’t_just_‘Putin’s war’⠀⇛ It will take a lot of time and research to answer the question of what led to Russia’s monstrous war against Ukraine. After Moscow launched its full- scale invasion on February 24, the notion quickly spread around the world that this was “Putin’s war” and that he personally made the decision to invade. In this essay for Meduza’s “Ideas” section, political scientist Kirill Rogov breaks down why this reasoning is more of a convenient pretense than a real explanation of how Russia reached this point.  # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Tallying_the_troops:_BBC_journalists_identify_more than_3,000_Russian_soldiers_killed_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ Using open sources, BBC News Russian has identified 3,052 Russian soldiers and officers killed in Ukraine since Moscow began its full-scale invasion on February 24. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ The Revelator ☛ Building_Climate_Equity_From_the_Ground Up⠀⇛ # ⚓ DeSmog ☛ Appalachia_Does_Not_Need_More_Fossil_Fuel_Greed⠀⇛ By Emily Satterwhite A fossil fuel executive recently told Fortune, “Appalachia is the elephant in the room,” referring to the claim that demand for natural gas is rising, while supply in Appalachia and the United States is falling. Such corporate executives would like to see expansion of production in order to bail out their dying industry. # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘No_Time_for_Half-Measures’:_Greenpeace Rebukes_EU’s_Partial_Ban_on_Russian_Oil⠀⇛ The global climate group Greenpeace criticized the European Union’s newly announced embargo on Russian oil as inadequate, noting Tuesday that the ban includes a key carve-out that will allow the nation’s crude to continue flowing into E.U. countries through pipelines. “A partial ban on Russian oil is not a ban and it’s unacceptable that money from E.U. countries is even partially funding this brutal war,” said Silvia Pastorelli, a climate and energy campaigner with Greenpeace E.U. “This is no time for half- measures.” # § Energy⠀➾ # ⚓ YLE ☛ PM_Marin_welcomes_Russia_oil_ban_as “significant_step”⠀⇛ The ban applies to all Russian crude oil and other refined oil transported by sea, but does not affect pipeline oil imports, at least for now, following opposition from Hungary. # ⚓ CNN ☛ Russia’s_war_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ European Union leaders agreed on Monday to ban most Russian oil imports as part of a new sanctions package against Moscow. Pipeline imports will be exempt from the sanctions. # ⚓ NPR ☛ EU_leaders_agree_to_ban_90%_of_Russian_oil_by the_end_of_2022⠀⇛ EU Council President Charles Michel said the agreement covers more than two-thirds of oil imports from Russia. Ursula Von der Leyen, the head of the EU’s executive branch, said the punitive move will “effectively cut around 90% of oil imports from Russia to the EU by the end of the year.” Michel said leaders also agreed to provide Ukraine with a 9 billion-euro ($9.7 billion) tranche of assistance to support the war-torn country’s economy. It was unclear whether the money would come in grants or loans. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Salmon_Hatchery_Data_Is_Harder_to Handle_Than_You_Think⠀⇛ When I was assigned to a ProPublica collaboration with Oregon Public Broadcasting last year, I was excited to dive into a topic that was totally new to me: fish hatcheries. Over the past two centuries, development has decimated wild salmon and steelhead trout populations in the Pacific Northwest. First overfishing, then hydropower development, destroyed a key component of the local ecosystem, and with it the traditional ways of life for some of the Northwest’s Indigenous people. To address plummeting fish stocks, the U.S. government has poured billions into a network of hatcheries to literally mass-produce fish. My task was to perform a first-of-its-kind comprehensive analysis of these publicly funded salmon and steelhead trout hatcheries in the Pacific Northwest. As someone who, for years, kept a faithful inventory of my freezer using Google Sheets, I thought this sounded like a reasonable goal. Heck, maybe even a good time. (In hindsight, this may explain why I have so much trouble making friends.) o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Robert Reich ☛ How_Corporations_are_Using_Inflation⠀⇛ Corporations are using inflation as an excuse to raise their prices, hurting workers and consumers while they enjoy record profits.  # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Getting_Rents_Down,_Converting_Vacant Office_Space_to_Residential⠀⇛ More generally, the supply shortages that drove prices higher in 2021 seem to be replaced by gluts, with major retailers like Amazon and Target complaining about stockpiles of unsold goods. With the stimulus measures from the pandemic fading into the past, and people no longer fearing to travel or go to restaurants, it is likely that we will be seeing serious downward pressure on the prices of many goods. While inflation may be easing on the goods side, there are questions about prices in the service sector, most importantly rent. Rent accounts for more than 31.0 percent of the overall CPI, and almost 40 percent of the core index. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Case_for_Taxing_the_Rich_Gets_an Unexpected_Boost⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Is_Corporate_Criminal_Law_Heading_for Extinction?⠀⇛ Lawlessness is now so rampant that a group of realistic law professors, led by Professor Mihailis E. Diamantis of the University of Iowa Law School, claim there is no corporate criminal law. I say “realistic” because their assertion that corporate criminal law, does not in fact, exist is not widely acknowledged by their peers. Most Americans know that none of the executives on Wall Street who are responsible for the lies, deception, and phony investments they sold to millions of trusting investors were prosecuted and sent to jail. “They got away with it,” was the common refrain during the 2008-2009 meltdown of Wall Street that took our economy down and into a deep recession that resulted in massive job loss and the looting of savings of tens of millions of Americans. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Louisiana_Sued_Hurricane_Katrina_Survivors for_Misusing_Recovery_Grants._Now_It_Has_Halted_Collection Efforts.⠀⇛ The state of Louisiana is pausing efforts to collect money from thousands of homeowners who accepted hurricane recovery grants and used them for repairs rather than elevating their houses. The decision comes after news outlets presented the state with evidence showing that its lawyers have stepped up the pace of court filings even as the state hopes to wipe away the lawsuits entirely. Jay Dardenne, the head of Gov. John Bel Edwards’ Division of Administration, said Monday that the state has agreed to settle a related lawsuit against a company that ran the recovery program after Hurricane Katrina. If the federal government approves that agreement, he said, the state would drop the suits against homeowners who didn’t follow the rules on how they spent elevation grants. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Travails_of_Boris_Johnson⠀⇛ What is striking about Johnson’s personality and career is, on the contrary, how similar they are to those of other populist nationalist politicians who have risen to power around the world, mostly within the last decade. These include Viktor Orban in Hungary, Narendra Modi in India, Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil and Donald Trump in the US, to name but four, who all sing similar political tunes and behave in a similar way. Bombastic nationalism is a common feature, as is the exaggeration of threats at home and abroad (immigration and the EU in Britain; migrants on the Mexican border and Iran in the US; Muslims in India; migrants and foreign influencers in Hungary). # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Child_Porn_Possession_Investigation_Into South_Dakota_Billionaire_Closed_With_No_Charges⠀⇛ The South Dakota attorney general has closed its investigation into billionaire T. Denny Sanford for possession of child pornography and is not filing charges, according to a notice the office sent to a judge Friday. # ⚓ Hungary ☛ Orbán:_“Families_can_sleep_well_tonight,_we defended_the_utility_bill_cuts!”⠀⇛ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Supreme_Court_Makes_The_Right_Call:_Puts_Texas Social_Media_Law_Back_On_Hold⠀⇛ Exhale. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Supreme_Court_blocks_Texas_social_media moderation_ban⠀⇛ Following the Supreme Court’s decision over the stay, the lawsuit over HB 20 will continue in a lower court, leading to a more final decision about whether to overturn it. While a district court was highly critical of the law, the Fifth Circuit ruling followed a hearing where judges appeared to dismiss concerns about the First Amendment and Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, both of which NetChoice and the CCIA allege are violated by HB 20. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Colombia_Election_Runoff:_Leftist_Gustavo Petro_Leads_Presidential_Vote_But_Faces_Trump-Like_Tycoon⠀⇛ Colombia’s highly anticipated presidential elections on Sunday resulted in victory for two anti-establishment candidates: leftist Gustavo Petro and Trump-like right-wing millionaire Rodolfo Hernández. The two will face off in a runoff election on June 19, the outcome of which will determine whether Colombia addresses worsening inequality under Petro or ushers in a new era of populist conservatism under Hernández. Both options seem to answer to previous years’ mass uprisings in the country that protested the corruption within the state leadership. “What is going on in Colombia is a popular uprising now being expressed through the electoral process against the status quo,” says Colombian activist Manuel Rozental. “People want to vote against the establishment because there are very few and very small avenues to act politically otherwise.” # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ “The_Failure_Begins_with_Greg_Abbott”: Texas_Lawmaker_Demands_Gun_Control_After_Uvalde_Massacre⠀⇛ Democratic Texas state Senator Roland Gutierrez, who represents the town of Uvalde, has been meeting with family members of victims from last week’s mass shooting and interrupted a press conference by Republican Governor Greg Abbott last week to demand a special session of the state Legislature to address gun violence. “The failure begins with Greg Abbott, who’s undergone seven or eight mass shootings in his tenure, and he’s done nothing but give greater access to militarized weapons,” says Gutierrez. “We have to take militarized weapons off the street, and if we’re not going to do that, maybe that’s a federal issue.” # § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾ # ⚓ BBC ☛ Self-deception_can_fool_us_into_believing_our own_lies_–_and_even_make_us_more_convincing.⠀⇛ Any psychologist will tell you that studying self-deception scientifically is a headache. You can’t simply ask someone if they are fooling themselves, since it happens below conscious awareness. As a result, the experiments are often highly intricate. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Netblocks ☛ Internet_disrupted_in_Pakistan_as_ousted_PM’s mass_rally_takes_to_streets⠀⇛ Real-time network data show the restriction coming into effect across multiple providers in a pattern consistent with an intentional disruption to service, corroborating user reports of outages in multiple cities. Authorities have also deployed road barriers to push back the march per reports. Service was restored after approximately two hours following a backlash from subscribers, and some internet providers claimed an issue in the country’s web filtering infrastructure. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Has_America_Given_Up_on_Free_Speech?⠀⇛ In a review of Jacob Mchangama’s new book, Free Speech, at the Law & Liberty site today, I argue that this social trust has frayed greatly, and that Americans’ problems with free speech result more from social breakdown than from a failed commitment to abstract ideas about expression. Here’s an excerpt: [...] # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Using_Rap_Lyrics_As_Evidence_Of_A_Criminal Conspiracy_Threatens_First_Amendment,_Unlikely_To_Succeed⠀⇛ The Supreme Court has taken two swings at this issue: whether or not artistic expression can also be evidence of criminal activity. Two cases with obviously serious First Amendment implications and yet the nation’s top court felt there was no need for it to establish a bright line that might deter future prosecutions based on what should be considered inadmissible evidence. # ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Victory_for_Internet_Users_and_Free Speech_as_SCOTUS_Blocks_Texas_Online_Speech_Regulation_Law⠀⇛ Today, in a 5-4 ruling, the Supreme Court blocked a Texas law that would bar social media companies from engaging in most forms of content moderation. Public Knowledge applauds the NetChoice v. Paxton ruling against Texas law HB20. The following can be attributed to John Bergmayer, Legal Director at Public Knowledge: “It is good that the Supreme Court blocked HB20, the Texas online speech regulation law. But it should have been unanimous. It is alarming that so many policymakers, and even Supreme Court justices, are willing to throw out basic principles of free speech to try to control the power of Big Tech for their own purposes, instead of trying to limit that power through antitrust and other competition policies. Reining in the power of tech giants does not require abandoning the First Amendment. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Global_Monitors_Decry_Disappearance_of_2 Journalists_in_Afghanistan⠀⇛ International media monitors demanded Tuesday that Taliban rulers in Afghanistan urgently investigate the alleged disappearance of two journalists and bring the perpetrators to justice. The whereabouts of Ali Akbar Khairkhwa and Jamaluddin Deldar were unknown since May 24, when they both went missing from the Afghan capital, Kabul, according to relatives and co-workers. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Sahara Reporters ☛ Nigerian_Christian_Association,_CAN Condemns_Video_Of_Clerics_Inciting_Muslims_Against_Christians In_Taraba,_Calls_For_Arrests⠀⇛ The Christian Association of Nigeria in Taraba State has described as worrisome a viral video on social media where an Islamic cleric was heard urging Muslims in the state to stand up and take over political power. The State CAN Chairman, Rev. Isaiah Magaji-Jirapye, who condemned such a message, in a statement, said the Christian body viewed the several videos being shared on the social media as calculated plots to set the stage on fire by outside forces that are not happy with the peace Taraba is enjoying. # ⚓ Gatestone Institute ☛ Why,_for_the_UN,_Is_One_Mosque Massacre_So_Much_Worse_than_Countless_Church_Massacres?⠀⇛ Therefore, the original question: If one non-Muslim attack on a mosque, which claimed 51 Muslim lives, was enough for the UN to establish an “international day to combat Islamophobia,” why have so many Muslim attacks on churches, which have claimed thousands of Christian lives, not been enough for the UN to establish an “international day to combat Christianophobia”? # ⚓ The_Ongoing_Plight_of_Iraqi_Christians⠀⇛ Iraq is home to one of the first Christian communities in the world that was, according to tradition, established by the Apostle Thomas and Mar Addai (or Thaddeus) of Edessa, one of the seventy disciples of Christ. Under Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein, the 1.5 million Christians—Chaldean and Syriac Catholics and Syriac Orthodox—had found a modus vivendi that allowed them to both publicly worship and carry out their activities. After the US/British-led invasion of 2003 that deposed Hussein, violence against Christians rose, with reports of abduction, torture, bombings, and killings by Islamists—the number of Christians in the entire country today has diminished to approximately 200,000. When the self-proclaimed Islamic State (ISIS, ISIL) occupied the Nineveh Plain, which is the cradle of Mesopotamian Christianity, more than 100,000 Christians were forced to flee their homes along with other persecuted minorities, such as the Yazidis, who nearly faced extinction at the hands of the jihadists. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Survey_Shows_Majority_Of_GOP_Voters_Support Restoring_Net_Neutrality⠀⇛ We’ve noted more than a few times how net neutrality rules were just some stopgap rules to prevent telecom monopolies from being assholes in the absence of real competition. They were modest protections (by international standards) attempting to protect consumers and competitors from giant unchecked monopolies we’ve let run amok for the better part of a generation. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ If_You_Watch_TV_or_Use_the_Internet,_You_Want a_Functional_FCC⠀⇛ Julie Hollar writes about Gigi Sohn’s nomination to the Federal Communications Commission. # ⚓ IT News AU ☛ Freeing_up_of_hundreds_of_millions_of_IPv4 addresses_mooted_–_Networking_–_iTnews⠀⇛ By making reserved and invalid addresses available. Work is afoot to free up several internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) address ranges which have been unroutable as reserved, invalid or used for loopback networks since the 1980s. Seth Schoen, who co-founded the free transport layer security digital certificate provider Let’s Encrypt is working on an IPv4 clean-up project that would take address currently not routed on the public Internet, and make them generally usable. # ⚓ Playfulness⠀⇛ If there’s a reason I let this glog dry up, I think it’s because I got too wrapped up in the mailing list talking about how Gemini ought to work, and it became too serious. Better to treat it all playfully. # ⚓ Thoughts_on_Long-form_Content_on_Gemini⠀⇛ Writing long essays is fun. It’s enjoyable to be able to express an idea, work on it a bit, mold it, pull out the imperfections, and show it off to the world. It can feel like a timeless accomplishment, rather than a temporal quip on social media. # ⚓ smolZINE_–_Issue_27⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ WIPO_Blocks_Wikimedia_Chapters_As Observers,_Because_China_Is_Mad_That_There’s_A Taiwanese_Wikimedia_Chapter⠀⇛ Two years ago we wrote about how the Wikimedia Foundation was blocked from gaining observer status at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) after China objected, over some bizarre nonsense because there happens to be a volunteer-led Wikimedia Taiwan chapter. Obviously, it makes sense for Wikimedia to have observer status at WIPO, as excessive copyright can do serious harm to Wikimedia and its ability to share knowledge. Even though local chapters are independent of the larger foundation, China apparently has to punish anyone who even hints at the fact that Taiwan is, and has been, an independent country. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Piracy:_Disney_Files_Police_Complaint Against_Tamilrockers_&_Pikashow⠀⇛ Disney Star, a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, has filed a complaint with police in India. The report targets well-known piracy sites Tamil Rockers, Tamil MV, and Tamil Blasters, plus popular streaming application Pikashow. The registered First Information Report names two local men as suspects. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Record_Labels_Want_to_Know_if_Piracy Trial_Jurors_are_Hip-Hop_Fans⠀⇛ Mixtape platform Spinrilla is being sued by several major record labels. It faces hundreds of millions of dollars in potential damages in the upcoming jury trial. To rule out bias, Spinrilla wants to ask potential jury members if they have ever worked in the music industry. The labels, meanwhile, want to know whether the jurors have DJ experience, are hip-hop fans, or support EFF. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 5681 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 06.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_01/06/2022:_End_of_Life_for_Ubuntu_21.10_(Impish_Indri)_and_Release_of PSPP_1.6.0⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 2:18 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Desktop/Laptop o Instructionals/Technical o Games o Desktop_Environments/WMs * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o New_Releases o Screenshots/Screencasts o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Debian_Family o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Web_Browsers # Mozilla o SaaS/Back_End/Databases o GNU_Projects o Programming/Development * Leftovers o Science o Hardware o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Finance o Censorship/Free_Speech o Civil_Rights/Policing o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ ByteXD ☛ 7_of_the_Best_Sites_to_Run_Linux_in_Browser⠀⇛ If you use Linux as your daily drive operating system or you want to migrate from Mac or Windows, there are three main ways you can use to run Linux on your system. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ The_Beginner’s_Guide_to_Using_Cron_in Linux_–_Make_Tech_Easier⠀⇛ Cron is a simple UNIX utility that manages and schedules the execution of commands in your computer. It was first developed in 1987 by Paul Vixie and it has since become an invaluable tool in Linux-based operating systems for both administrators and users alike. Nowadays, there are a number of cron implementations and rewrites that you can easily install in your Linux system. Despite the differences, these programs all share the same Vixie Cron lineage. As such, this article aims to provide a basic overview of how the original Vixie cron works, its syntax, and how you can use it to schedule tasks in your Linux system. # ⚓ Ubuntu Handbook ☛ [Workaround]_MPV_has_No_title-bar_& window_border_in_Ubuntu_22.04_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛ In Ubuntu 22.04, you’ll find that the MPV media player does NOT have window border and title-bar out-of-the-box. That’s quite annoying! You can no longer drag resizing the app window. And, title bar buttons (minimize, maximize, and close) only appear when you hover over the window during video playback. # ⚓ How_To_Setup_Apache,_PHP_&_MongoDB_on_Ubuntu_20.04_– RoseHosting⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we are going to explain in step- by-step detail how to setup Apache, PHP, and MongoDB on Ubuntu 20.04 We will install the Apache Web server, the latest PHP version, and the MongoDB database server. The purpose of this post is to explain how can these three different types of services be configured on one server for future development tasks and the building of an amazing application. MongoDB is a free open-source, NoSQL backend database server, which works perfectly with Apache Web server and PHP as a scripting language. # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Easily_Upgrade_Ubuntu_to_a_New_Beta Release⠀⇛ Upgrading to the latest beta (development) release of Ubuntu is easier than you might think. By default, Ubuntu won’t tell you when there is a new development version available. You can, however, check for one and upgrade to it with just a few quick commands at the terminal. A Word of Warning Before We Begin Development versions of Ubuntu are likely to be unstable and contain bugs. A development release is an unfinished product that may behave in unpredictable ways. You should not install any type of pre-release version of Ubuntu on any system that serves a mission-critical purpose. It is highly recommended that you back up all of your data and create a bootable USB containing your current Ubuntu version before attempting any of the steps that follow. If you should suffer a catastrophic failure you will be able to reinstall a working copy of Ubuntu and restore your data from the backup. You should also be aware that once you upgrade your system to a development version, it can not be undone. There is no way to downgrade or roll back the update. If you decide later that you want to return to the previous version of Ubuntu, you will have to reinstall it. With that said, the entire upgrade process will take place at the command line. So, go ahead and open a terminal window, and let’s get started. # ⚓ Daniel Lange ☛ Get_Youtube_Channel_ID_from_username⠀⇛ Youtube has a really nice RSS feature that is extremely well hidden. # ⚓ Linux.org ☛ BASH_06_–_While_Loops_|_Linux.org⠀⇛ We previously covered other methods for dealing with logical structures to control the flow of the code. In this article, we will cover another method to repeat code until some value is false. A While Loop allows the code to loop ‘while’ a value is true. Once the value is false, the loop stops. # ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ Nginx_–_Virtual_Hosts_(Part_1)⠀⇛ In my previous article, we went through the process of compiling and installing Nginx from source. I left off with a basic configuration for loading the default html page. In this article, I’m going to pick up where I left off. We are going to expand on our configuration to add some functionality to our demo site. # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ How_to_use_a_ToF_laser_ranging_sensor_with Arduino_and_Wisblock_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ Laser ranging has many applications in production and life, such as ranging, positioning, obstacle avoidance, and so on. Time-of-Flight (ToF) ranging, as a type of laser ranging technology, is often used for real-time object detection in robots, autonomous vehicles, and traffic management because of its accuracy, fast response, and low power consumption. The face detection function of mobile phones also uses this technology. This article will introduce the WisBlock RAK12014 ToF laser ranging sensor module, and use the WisBlock development board to demonstrate how the module works. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Vue.js_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_– idroot⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Vue.js on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Vue.js is a progressive JavaScript framework that is reactive and simple to learn. It provides various tools and libraries that are really awesome to adapt and learn. Vue.js helps in building web applications with the knowledge of JavaScript, HTML, and CSS in no time. This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Vue.js framework on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 and any other Debian- based distribution like Linux Mint, Elementary OS, Pop!_OS, and more as well. # ⚓ TecAdmin ☛ Configuring_the_Static_IPv4_Address_on_Ubuntu using_Netplan⠀⇛ The Ubuntu 17.10 and later systems use the Netplan as a new command-line utility for managing network interfaces. It works with the Systemd-networkd or NetworkManager renderes. Netplan configuration files are written in YAML format, allowing you simple-to-complex networking configurations. Which work from the Desktop to the server and from the cloud to IoT devices. This article will help you to configure static IPv4 addresses on Ubuntu systems using the Netplan command-line tool. # ⚓ Install_and_Configure_SNMP_on_Ubuntu_22.04/Debian_11_– kifarunix.com⠀⇛ In this guide, we are going to learn how to install and configure SNMP on Ubuntu 22.04/Debian 11. SNMP is an acronym for Simple Network Management Protocol. It provides an agentless method of managing and monitoring of network devices and servers for health information, system metrics such as CPU load, Physical Memory usage, number of running processes, service state or any other service/process that support polling over the SNMP protocol. # ⚓ Add_Hosts_to_LibreNMS_Server_for_Monitoring⠀⇛ In this tutorial, you will learn how to add hosts to LibreNMS server for monitoring. LibreNMS is a fully featured MySQL/PHP and SNMP based network monitoring system. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ Godot Engine ☛ Godot_Engine_–_Release_candidate:_Godot_3.5 RC_3⠀⇛ The upcoming Godot 3.5 is now considered feature complete, and has received a lot of bugfixes and improvements over the past weeks thanks to all the testers and developers who reported and fixed issues. We are now at the Release Candidate stage, finalizing everything so that we can release 3.5- stable for all users. At this stage we need people to test this release (and potential follow-up RCs) on as many codebases as possible, to make sure that we catch non-obvious regressions that might have gone unnoticed until now. If you run into any issue, please make sure to report it on GitHub so that we can know about it and fix it! This RC 3 fixes a number of recent regressions and older bugs. Notably, it fixes some rendering regressions with transparent materials, and crashing iOS templates and Web editor build in RC 2. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ 11_Best_Xfce_Themes_to_Give_Your_Linux_Desktop_a Modern_Look⠀⇛ Xfce is known for being one of the most lightweight desktop environments yet flexible enough to carry out heavy loads easily. One major issue with Xfce is that its default interface may look old and outdated to many users. This could be offputting for some new users who prefer beautiful-looking Linux distributions. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ Genode_–_Release_notes_for_the_Genode_OS_Framework_22.05⠀⇛ The Genode release 22.05 stays true to this year’s roadmap. According to the plan, we continue our tradition of revising the framework’s documentation as part of the May release. Since last year, the Genode Foundations book is accompanied with the Genode Platforms document that covers low-level topics. The second revision has just doubled in size (Section Updated and new documentation). Functionality-wise, the added support for WireGuard-based virtual private networks is certainly the flagship feature of the release. Section WireGuard briefly introduces the new component while leaving in-depth information to a dedicated article. Among the other topics of the release, our continued work on device drivers stands out. We managed to bring Genode’s lineup of PC drivers ported from the Linux kernel up to the kernel version 5.14.21 using Genode’s unique DDE-Linux porting approach. As described by Section New generation of DDE-Linux-based PC drivers, this work comprises complex drivers like the wireless LAN stack including Intel’s Wifi driver and the latest Intel display driver. At the framework’s side, the modernization of Genode’s platform driver for PC hardware is in full swing. Even though not yet used by default, the new driver has reached feature parity with the original PC-specific platform driver while sharing much of its code base with the growing number of ARM platform drivers such as the FPGA-aware platform-driver for Xilinx Zynq (Section Xilinx Zynq). Regarding the PinePhone, Genode 22.05 introduces the basic ability to issue and receive phone calls, which entails the proper routing of audio signals and controlling the LTE modem. Furthermore, in anticipation of implementing advanced energy-management strategies, the release features a custom developed firmware for the PinePhone’s system-control processor. Both topics are outlined in Section PinePhone while further details and examples are given in dedicated articles. The release is wrapped up by usability improvements of the framework’s light-weight event-tracing mechanism, low-level optimizations, and API refinements. o ⚓ TechStory Media ☛ Best_Linux_Distributions_for_Educational_Use_in 2022_–_TechStory⠀⇛ Many software developers use Linux because it is free and open source. Most expert developers choose to work with it because of its sophistication as an operating system. This view is beginning to shift, thanks in large part to the proliferation of more user-friendly Linux distributions. A distribution exists for everyone nowadays, from coders to home users to kids, and there’s even a little something for educational institutions and instructors. Explore the best Linux distributions for youngsters, professors, and schools. Are you a teacher who wants to upgrade the technology in your classroom? Trying to discover the right OS for their children? Or are you simply looking for a nice, open Linux kernel for educational use? If that’s the case, don’t bother looking it up on the internet. Our selection of the greatest Linux distributions for schools is a great place to start, though! o § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Linux_Lite_6.0:_It’s_quite_pretty,_but ‘lite’_it_is_not⠀⇛ Linux Lite has been around since 2012 and version 6, codenamed “Fluorite”, is one of the first Ubuntu-based distros to offer a version built on Ubuntu 22.04 “Jammy Jellyfish”, released just last month. This is unapologetically a distro aimed at Windows users. For instance, unlike some distros, there are no difficult questions of what desktop you want – you get Xfce 4.16, with a trendy flat theme, but a somewhat retro default layout that reminds us of Windows XP. The Start button and window buttons have text labels, for instance. We liked that: it’s simple, efficient, and welcome, but Zorin OS 16 manages a more modern Windows look. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ Linux_Lite_6.0_Comes_with_Updated_Window_Theme, Accessibility_Improvements⠀⇛ The lightweight Linux distribution Linux Lite has released version 6.0, including enhancements and bug fixes. Linux Lite is a Linux distro based on Ubuntu that includes the ultra-lightweight Xfce desktop environment. As the name implies, it is a lightweight Linux distro that is ideal for people who have older hardware. On top of that, the distro is also loaded with lightweight apps which ensure smooth workflow. So, even on an old machine, Linux Lite performs most everyday operations quickly and without stability issues. The new major version Linux Light 6.0, is now available for download and usage, based on the newest Ubuntu 22.04 LTS release. First, let’s look at what’s new. o § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾ # ⚓ TecMint ☛ Installation_of_“CentOS_Stream_9″_with Screenshots⠀⇛ When Red Had shifted CentOS from a major release structure to a rolling release, users were angry as hell but CentOS went smooth, and recently they came up with their new release of CentOS Stream in collaboration with Red Hat Engineers and Community. So before going to the installation part let’s understand should you rely on CentOS Stream and what it offers in its new release. o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Work_Groups_for_ALP_Give_Updates_–_openSUSE_News⠀⇛ Members of SUSE and openSUSE have deleloped several Work Groups (WG) to discuss the formation of the Adaptable Linux Platform. Below readers can see the latest brief from the various WGs involved in the open-source project. The System Management WG has been progressing with the branding of Cockpit. They have been experimenting with attempts to containerize it; though outside of a possible chance to use wormholing, it doesn’t look promising. They do continue to add functionality to YaST in cointainers at a good pace. The ALP Virtualization team has taken some technical decisions regarding support, etc. In their first technical meetings regarding VMs inside of containers, some work was done looking for the best approach and blocking points. In the Build Service Next-Generation WG, the initial feedback shows little interest in a git- based packaging approach. Software as a Service options via git hosting continue to be very expensive, though on-premises options should be considered. A self-hosted Gitea appears to be the best option so far, while the current discussions for Large-File-Storing-in-Git have been paused at this time. o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ IBM_adds_side_order_of_NLP_to_McDonald’s AI_drive-thru_chatbots⠀⇛ IBM says it is rolling out its natural language processing software to a greater number of McDonalds’ drive-thrus months after buying the automated order technology unit from the fast food chain, along with the team that developed it. IBM already added extra NLP features to its Watson Discovery enterprise AI service last year, and now the burger-flinger’s AI chatbot will feel the benefit, it said. In October last year, Big Blue wolfed down the McD Tech Labs, which was itself created after McDonald’s bought and renamed AI voice recognition startup Apprente in 2019. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ IBM_ordered_to_pay_$1.6b_to_BMC⠀⇛ IBM has been ordered to pay Houston-based IT firm BMC $1.6 billion for fraud and contract violations because it moved mutual client AT&T from BMC software to IBM software. On Monday, US District Judge Gray Miller issued his final judgment [PDF] in the case, which began five years ago and culminated in a bench trial in March. For years, IBM had serviced AT&T’s mainframe computers which at least since 2007 have relied on BMC software. IBM and BMC in 2008 entered into a contract governing the business relationship between the two companies. And in 2015, the two IT outfits agreed several amendments including an Outsourcing Attachment (OA) that disallowed IBM from moving mutual clients over to its own software. # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ AlmaLinux_9_Released_–_Download_DVD_ISO Images⠀⇛ Ever since AlmaLinux made its footprints known to the Linux community as one of the viable replacements/alternatives to the now-discontinued CentOS, this Linux operating system distribution has earned its stripes as a reliable, stable, free, and open-source operating system. # ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Open_source_edge_detection_with_OpenCV_and Pachyderm_|_Red_Hat_Developer⠀⇛ You can perform edge detection on images using this Jupyter notebook on any Kubernetes cluster. Learn how. # ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Join_the_Red_Hat_team_at_OpenJS_World_2022⠀⇛ It’s that time of the year again and OpenJS World is almost upon us. This annual event brings together both the JavaScript and Web communities, which include not only Node.js, but other OpenJS Foundation projects such as Electron, webpack, and more. Red Hat and IBM will both be back as sponsors, and will be delivering some great talks as well. The last two conferences were remote affairs, but this year’s edition will be held in person in Austin, Texas, from June 6th through 10th. # ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ IT_leadership:_4_ways_to_foster healthy_disagreement_among_employees⠀⇛ At their best, disagreements can reveal when an organization has built a culture of critical thinking and is tackling challenging problems. At their worst, they can damage working relationships and lead to emotional burnout. As a leader, you can help your employees work through disagreements in a productive and healthy manner by building a culture of awareness that considers a diverse range of opinions and working styles. # ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ Digital_transformation:_5_ways_to create_a_realistic_strategy⠀⇛ Digital transformation is the giant umbrella that encompasses how people work in today’s economy. It’s typically a multi-faceted initiative that goes beyond simply modernizing applications. It encompasses everything that represents the way a business needs to operate in 2022 to deliver exceptional customer experiences. This type of initiative is a shared responsibility. It starts with the CEO, who must be a champion of change, but it must also involve other leaders throughout the organization working together to make transformation happen. Sometimes it will require a Chief Digital Officer to coordinate the response, but one fact is consistent: Without alignment throughout the organization, the effort is likely to fail. And it might just take the company down with it. # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ CentOS_Stream_9_Released_–_Download_DVD ISO_Images⠀⇛ CentOS Stream is regarded as a continuous-delivery distribution by Red Hat developers. It serves as RHEL’s next point release. Think of it as the security checkpoint for any package that wants to be granted an audience under RHEL 9. For instance, such packages that want to be RHEL- oriented must pass through a series of tests and checks and then push to the CentOS Stream OS environment. These tests and checks are either manual or automated. This platform ensures that packages meet stringent RHEL standards. Therefore, a typical CentOS Stream system and package update are equivalent to an unreleased RHEL OS minor version. The purpose of assigning CentOS Stream such an attribute is to progressively make it as stable as RHEL. o § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Agathe_Porte:_Status_update,_May_2022⠀⇛ I have finally found how to make my fonts-creep2 package work on my Debian machines. The solution was to not use the TTF file that contains the Bitmap glyphs, but instead generate an OTB file, which is an OpenType format for Bitmap fonts. o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Ubuntu_21.10_(Impish_Indri)_reaches_End_of_Life_on July_14_2022⠀⇛ Ubuntu announced its 21.10 (Impish Indri) release almost 9 months ago, on October 14, 2021, and its support period is now nearing its end. Ubuntu 21.10 will reach end of life on July 14, 2022. At that time, Ubuntu Security Notices will no longer include information or updated packages for Ubuntu 21.10. The supported upgrade path from Ubuntu 21.10 is via Ubuntu 22.04. Instructions and caveats for the upgrade may be found at: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/JammyUpgrades Ubuntu 22.04 continues to be actively supported with security updates and select high-impact bug fixes. Announcements of security updates for Ubuntu releases are sent to the ubuntu- security-announce mailing list, information about which may be found at: https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu- security... Since its launch in October 2004 Ubuntu has become one of the most highly regarded Linux distributions with millions of users in homes, schools, businesses and governments around the world. Ubuntu is Open Source software, costs nothing to download, and users are free to customise or alter their software in order to meet their needs. On behalf of the Ubuntu Release Team, Łukasz 'sil2100' Zemczak # ⚓ LWN ☛ Fedora_and_Ubuntu_EOL_announcements_[LWN.net]⠀⇛ If you are running Fedora 34, the time has come to move on; that distribution will reach the end of its support life on June 7. Users of Ubuntu 21.10 have a little longer, but that release loses support on July 14 and users should update to 22.04. # ⚓ Ubuntu_21.10_(Impish_Indri)_reaches_End_of_Life_on_July_14 2022⠀⇛ Ubuntu announced its 21.10 (Impish Indri) release almost 9 months ago, on October 14, 2021, and its support period is now nearing its end. Ubuntu 21.10 will reach end of life on July 14, 2022. At that time, Ubuntu Security Notices will no longer include information or updated packages for Ubuntu 21.10. * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ Ubuntu Pit ☛ 15_Best_Websites_for_Downloading_Open_Source Software_in_2022⠀⇛ Open source software mainly known as (OSS) is used as an open development process. Linux supports a lot of open source software. Open source software is licensed software that you will have the codes to modify. However, there are many websites where you can download open source software for your Linux, but it is a little bit difficult for you to find these websites for downloading OSS. However, we can help you are looking for some websites for downloading open source software. And this content is all about those websites. o § Web Browsers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Talospace ☛ The_Talospace_Project:_Firefox_101_on POWER⠀⇛ Firefox 101 is out, mostly of interest to developers but with a few liveability improvements. I suspect breakage of our LTO- PGO patch will be a regular occurrence and Fx101 indeed broke the diff again, but after updating rust, cargo and cbindgen the optimized build works fine with this revised PGO-LTO patch and the same .mozconfigs from Firefox 95. I can’t figure out where the bugs are in our POWER9 Ion JavaScript JIT implementation, though I still strongly suspect it’s because we use sign-extended 32-bit ints. This is enough to pass the test suite but still breaks with the web. MIPS does too and we are strongly based on the MIPS port, but one wonders if MIPS suffers from the same issues, and I’m quite sure it’s not tested anywhere near as well. As 32-bit arithmetic instructions aren’t orthogonal in Power ISA this change would require some significant rearchitecting and I’ve just come off a really bad week at work, so I’ll just try to pull up the current JIT to 102 so that those of you building the new ESR can continue to use Baseline Interpreter and Baseline Compiler, and then it will be time for more major surgery on the source code. You can help (please!). # ⚓ CISA ☛ Mozilla_Releases_Security_Updates_for_Firefox, Firefox_ESR,_and_Thunderbird_|_CISA⠀⇛ Mozilla has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird. An attacker could exploit some of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system. # ⚓ Mozilla ☛ Mozilla_Privacy_Blog:_Enhancing_trust_and security_on_the_internet_–_browsers_are_the_first_line of_defence [Ed: No, browsers are probably the weakest link, more so with JavaScript turned on]⠀⇛ Enhancing trust and security online is one of the defining challenges of our time – in the EU alone, 37% of residents do not believe they can sufficiently protect themselves from cybercrime. Individuals need assurance that their credit card numbers, social media logins, and other sensitive data are protected from cybercriminals when browsing. With that in mind, we’ve just unveiled an update to the security policies that protect people from cybercrime, demonstrating again the critical role Firefox plays in ensuring trust and security online. Browsers like Firefox use encryption to protect individuals’ data from eavesdroppers when they navigate online (e.g. when sending credit card details to an online marketplace). But protecting data from cybercriminals when it’s on the move is only part of the risk we mitigate. Individuals also need assurance that they are sending data to the correct domain (e.g., “amazon.com”). If someone sends their private data to a cybercriminal instead of to their bank, for example, it is of little consolation that the data was encrypted while getting there. o § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾ # ⚓ PostgreSQL ☛ PostgreSQL:_check_pgbackrest_2.3_has_been released⠀⇛ check_pgbackrest is designed to monitor pgBackRest backups from Nagios, relying on the status information given by the info command. It allows to monitor the backups retention and the consistency of the archived WAL segments. # ⚓ PostgreSQL ☛ PostgreSQL:_See_you_at_Postgres_London_2022!⠀⇛ Postgres London 2022 is the PostgreSQL Community conference for the whole UK, located a short tube hop from London mainline railway stations and airports. Speakers are covering new features of PostgreSQL 15, info on the new Kubernetes operators, user talks about managing 5000 instances and about new web frameworks, amongst many others! o § GNU Projects⠀➾ # ⚓ GNU ☛ PSPP_–_News:_PSPP_1.6.0_has_been_released._ [Savannah]⠀⇛ I’m very pleased to announce the release of a new version of GNU PSPP. PSPP is a program for statistical analysis of sampled data. It is a free replacement for the proprietary program SPSS. # ⚓ GNU ☛ GNU_FreeDink_–_News:_New_Maintainer⠀⇛ Note that a new maintainer, Kjharcombe, has recently been put in place. We are hoping to be able to continue development with this package. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Workflows_or_how_I_tried_to_give_up_and_love_Emacs⠀⇛ I’ve been going over the various things that have crept into my day-to-day computing and evaluating them. In some cases I’ve found things that needed maintenance (perhaps a future post about refactoring my mutt[1] configuration is called for), and in others I’ve taken the opportunity to evaluate alternatives. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Cities_with_Nice_Weather⠀⇛ A friend submitted it to the Accursed Orange Website. Some of the discussion there was interesting. Many people asserted that minimizing seasonal variation in temperature is an unrealistic way of explicating what makes weather “nice”. In particular, there were jokes about how highly-ranked Reykjavík was. o ⚓ Tedium ☛ Corporate_History:_Companies_That_Made_a_Hard_Pivot_Into Success⠀⇛ It’s a pretty common thing these days for a company to make a pivot, to change up its business model midstream because of some perceived weaknesses of the original approach. Small startups do it all the time; so, too, do massive corporate giants. (May I introduce you to Meta?) But I think a big thing to keep in mind is that changing a business model in an age where the ultimate product you’re moving around is chunks of electronic data? That’s something a lot different from having to basically shift your business model from, say, selling playing cards to developing video games (as one famous hard-pivoting company, Nintendo, was famous for doing). In the spirit of thinking ambitiously, in today’s Tedium, I want to highlight a few examples of companies that made pivots so extreme that you probably would have never guessed they switched gears so drastically. [...] Over time, Regina became a purely vacuum-driven play, and by midcentury was a household name in vacuums. Notably, in the 1990s, the company brought in Pigpen, the famously messy character from the Peanuts cartoons, to promote the company’s carpet cleaners. The company eventually fell into merger hell, at various points being owned by Philips Electronics, Oreck, and the corporate owners of the Dirt Devil brand. But recently, the company relaunched under new corporate ownership, in case you’re in the mood for owning a vacuum developed by a corporate ancestor that started out making music boxes. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Algorithm_spots_104_asteroids_in_huge piles_of_data_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Researchers at The Asteroid Institute have developed a way to locate previously unknown asteroids in astronomical data, and all it took was a massive amount of cloud computing power to do it. Traditionally, asteroid spotters would have to build so-called tracklets of multiple night sky images taken in short succession that show a suspected minor planetoid’s movement. If what’s observed matches orbital calculations, congratulations: it’s an asteroid. Asteroid Institute scientists are finding a way around that time sink with a novel algorithm called Tracklet-less Heliocentric Orbit Recovery, or THOR, that can comb through mountains of data, make orbital predictions, transform sky images, and match it to other data points to establish asteroid identity. To prove the concept, THOR co-creator and Asteroid Institute graduate fellow Joachim Moeyens focused on a thirty-day window of data pulled from the NOIRLab Source Catalog, a 68-billion-point dataset of National Optical and Astronomy Observatory telescope images. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ PICO-V2K4_–_A_Pico-ITX_board_with_AMD_Ryzen Embedded_V2000_processor_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛ AAEON PICO-V2K4 is a Pico-ITX board powered by an AMD Ryzen Embedded V2000 processor with up to 8 cores, AMD Radeon graphics, which should make it the world’s smallest Ryzen V2000 SBC on the market. The board comes with up to 32GB soldered-on memory and a 64GB NVMe flash, supports for SATA and M.2 NVMe storage, dual Gigabit Ethernet, up to four 4K display interfaces, four serial ports, and more. Use cases range from medical imaging (x-ray and MRI scan analysis) to casino gaming machines, and industrial automation. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ SiPearl_partners_with_HPE,_Nvidia_on supercomputer_efforts_•_The_Register⠀⇛ European microprocessor designer SiPearl revealed deals with Nvidia and HPE today, saying they would up the development of high-performance compute (HPC) and exascale systems on the continent. Announced to coincide with the ISC 2022 High Performance conference in Hamburg this week, the agreements see SiPearl working with two big dogs in the HPC market: HPE is the owner of supercomputing pioneer Cray and Nvidia is a leader in GPU acceleration. With HPE, SiPearl said it is working to jointly develop a supercomputer platform that combines HPE’s technology and SiPearl’s upcoming Rhea processor. Rhea is an Arm-based chip with RISC- V controllers, planned to appear in next-generation exascale computers. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ HP_turns_back_on_$1b_in_annual_sales_by quitting_Russia_and_Belarus⠀⇛ PC and printer giant HP Inc. is boldly but belatedly turning its back on Russia and Belarus due to the continued conflict in Ukraine. HP was among the first wave of tech companies to suspend shipments to the countries soon after Russia invaded its neighbor on February 24, but now the company’s president and CEO Enrique Lores is making the move more permanent. “Considering the COVID environment and long-term outlook for Russia, we have decided to stop our Russia activity and have begun the process of fully winding down our operations,” he said on a Q2 earnings call with analysts. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ GoodWill_Ransomware_Requires_Victims_to Do_Good_Deeds [Ed: Use of Microsoft Windows contradicts goodwill]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Zero_Day_Initiative’s_Pwn2Own_Vancouver_2022_–_Keith_Yeo Vs._Ubuntu_Desktop⠀⇛ # ⚓ ZDNet ☛ This_zero-day_Windows_flaw_opens_a_backdoor_to hackers_via_Microsoft_Word._Here’s_how_to_fix_it [Ed: But Microsoft_back_doors_are_there_by_design;_there’s_no_desire to_end_it]⠀⇛ Microsoft has detailed a workaround for admins to protect their networks from a zero-day flaw in a Windows tool that hackers have been exploiting via malicious Word documents. Over the weekend, security researchers discovered a malicious Word document that was uploaded to Google-owned VirusTotal on 25 May from an IP address in Belarus. # ⚓ Duo ☛ Attackers_Continue_to_Target_Critical_WSO2_Flaw_| Decipher⠀⇛ Weeks after the disclosure of the vulnerability (CVE-2022-29464) in WSO2 products, attackers are leveraging the flaw to install Linux-compatible Cobalt Strike beacons, cryptocurrency miners and more. # ⚓ Follina_0day_exploit._Malicious_code_execution_in_Office docs [Ed: Microsoft Windows TCO]⠀⇛ It exists in Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT), enabling remote code execution. It’ll be assigned a CVE in due course, currently it’s Reserved. Microsoft provide all the details here CVE-2022-30190. [...] Put more simply; it makes Arbitrary Code Execution attacks possible when previewing or opening documents. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ AccessNow ☛ India’s_CERT-In_must_withdraw_April Directions_and_strengthen_privacy_and_cybersecurity_– Access_Now⠀⇛ The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) issued Directions on April 28, 2022, without sustained stakeholder consultation, that will weaken cybersecurity, amplify the risk of surveillance, and jeopardise the right to privacy in India. Access Now and an international coalition of organisations and individuals are urging CERT-In to immediately withdraw these Directions. “Unchecked surveillance is a pressing concern in India — one that is severely aggravated by the new data retention mandate in CERT-In’s Directions, which impact millions of people connected in India,” said Raman Jit Singh Chima, Asia Pacific Policy Director and Senior International Counsel at Access Now. “Requiring service providers, including VPN providers, to log information that they may otherwise not collect, for five years or more, violates the right to privacy protected by the Indian Constitution. This outrageous mandate weakens cybersecurity by creating a vulnerability that can be exploited to the detriment of people’s safety.” o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ TomTom_to_chop_10%_of_workforce,_blames automation_tech [Ed: The criminals from Microsoft blackmailed them_for_‘daring’_to_use_Linux]⠀⇛ TomTom says it is laying off 10 percent of its global workforce due to advances in automation technology and greater use of digital techniques in its mapmaking process. The planned cuts will equate to about 500 employees at the Netherlands-based geolocation tech specialist, which was hit hard by the pandemic and remains in recovery mode. “Higher levels of automation and the integration of a variety of digital sources will result in fresher and richer maps, with wider coverage,” said CEO Harold Goddijn. “These better maps will improve our product offerings and allow us to address a broader market, both in the Automotive and Enterprise businesses.” o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ #WhatTheBlock:_DoT_starts_publishing_court_orders_for online_censorship,_executive_orders_still_not_public⠀⇛ In a welcome step towards transparency and accountability, the Department of Telecommunications (“DoT”) has recently started publishing the blocking notifications/instructions to Internet Service Licensees under court orders. We wrote to the DoT to appreciate their proactiveness in making these court orders public and urged them to ensure that executive blocking orders are also published and made publicly available. # ⚓ AccessNow ☛ UK_protects_free_flow_of_information_amidst Russia_sanctions⠀⇛ The UK government has listened to civil society’s assertion that blocking the flow of information in and out of Russia will strike a blow to the rights of millions affected by Putin’s illegal invasion of Ukraine. “On this occasion, the UK government has put people first by targeting its sanctions to better protect human rights, online and offline, while still delivering a powerful public punch to Russia’s war machine,” said Natalia Krapiva, Tech-Legal Counsel at Access Now. “Keeping people online, and news media in operation, will do more to advance democracy and strengthen civic actors than a wholesale ban on commercial services would accomplish.” o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ ‘Nothing_new_or_magic.’_Harvard’s_$100M_pledge_to_redress slavery_draws_lukewarm_response⠀⇛ Harvard University’s announcement at the end of April that it would invest $100 million to redress its links to slavery drew flurries of headlines and mild praise from Black scholars. It was an acceptable first step, they said, as Harvard simultaneously released an extensive report documenting the “integral” role the horrors of slavery played in shaping the institution. Other top-ranked universities have also acknowledged their slavery connections, notably Brown University, which in 2006 started the movement with a report exploring topics like how slaves made money for the institution, funding that became the root of many of its assets, including its endowment that now totals almost $7 billion. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ California_Right_to_Repair_bill_quietly dropped_in_committee_•_The_Register⠀⇛ A California Right to Repair bill, SB 983, died in committee last week, despite broad consumer support for fixable products. It’s not clear who killed the bill, but Right to Repair advocates point to the usual suspects – the tech companies that benefit by controlling who can repair their goods and that have lobbied against Right to Repair bills all over the US. “It happened in the most shadowy, unaccountable part of the process, so it’s hard to know exactly what happened,” said Nathan Proctor, US Public Interest Research Groups (PIRG) senior Right to Repair campaign director, in a message to The Register. Proctor said it could be that special interests got to political leaders but also allowed that those nixing the bill just didn’t consider it to be a priority at the moment. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 7035 ➮ Generation completed at 02:47, i.e. 210 seconds to (re)generate ⟲