𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Friday, July 01, 2022
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Generated Sat 2 Jul 02:39:44 BST 2022
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
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Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/07/01/


╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
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╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⦿ Microsoft GitHub Exposé — Part XXII — ’Mr. GitHub Copilot’ Balabhadra (Alex) Graveley Pleads Guilty After Assaulting Women | Techrights

⦿ People Are Very Angry That Campinos Was Left in Positions of Power Without Any Competition and in Spite of Failing to Fulfill Essential Goals | Techrights

⦿ IRC Proceedings: Thursday, June 30, 2022 | Techrights

⦿ [Meme] President Crybaby | Techrights

⦿ Microsoft Windows is a ’Burning Platform’ (Both on the Server Side and the Client Side) | Techrights

 ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/balabhadra-alex-graveley-pleads-guilty/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/fury-at-epo/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/irc-log-300622/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/poor-baby-tony/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/windows-burning-platform/#comments

 ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/calls-to-delete-github/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/nitrux-2-2-1/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/russians-switching-to-gnu-linux/#comments
		http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/steamos-3-3-beta/#comments

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 62

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/balabhadra-alex-graveley-pleads-guilty/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/07/01/balabhadra-alex-graveley-pleads-guilty/

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Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XXII_—_‘Mr._GitHub_Copilot’_Balabhadra_(Alex)
Graveley_Pleads_Guilty_After_Assaulting_Women⠀✐


Posted in Microsoft at 6:37 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Series parts:


   1. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_I_—_Inside_a_Den_of_Corruption_and
      Misogynists
   2. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_II_—_The_Campaign_Against_GPL_Compliance
      and_War_on_Copyleft_Enforcement
   3. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_III_—_A_Story_of_Plagiarism_and_Likely
      Securities_Fraud
   4. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_IV_—_Mr._MobileCoin:_From_Mono_to
      Plagiarism…_and_to_Unprecedented_GPL_Violations_at_GitHub_(Microsoft)
   5. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_V_—_Why_Nat_Friedman_is_Leaving_GitHub
   6. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_VI_—_The_Media_Has_Mischaracterised_Nat
      Friedman’s_Departure_(Effective_Now)
   7. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_VII_—_Nat_Friedman,_as_GitHub_CEO,_Had_a
      Plan_of_Defrauding_Microsoft_Shareholders
   8. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_VIII_—_Mr._Graveley’s_Long_Career_Serving
      Microsoft’s_Agenda_(Before_Hiring_by_Microsoft_to_Work_on_GitHub’s_GPL
      Violations_Machine)
   9. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_IX_—_Microsoft’s_Chief_Architect_of_GitHub
      Copilot_Sought_to_be_Arrested_One_Day_After_Techrights_Article_About_Him
  10. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_X_—_Connections_to_the_Mass_Surveillance
      Industry_(and_the_Surveillance_State)
  11. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XI_—_Violence_Against_Women
  12. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XII_—_Life_of_Disorderly_Conduct_and_Lust
  13. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XIII_—_Nihilistic_Death_Cults_With
      Substance_Abuse_and_Sick_Kinks
  14. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XIV_—_Gaslighting_Victims_of_Sexual_Abuse
      and_Violence
  15. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XV_—_Cover-Up_and_Defamation
  16. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XVI_—_The_Attack_on_the_Autonomy_of_Free
      Software_Carries_on
  17. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XVII_—_Backsliding_Into_1990s-Style
      Digital_Slavery_by_Microsoft
  18. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XVIII_—_The_Story_of_NPM
  19. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XIX_—_The_Collapse_of_Team_Mono
  20. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XX_—_Entering_Phase_II
  21. Microsoft_GitHub_Exposé_—_Part_XXI_—_Rumours_About_How_Microsoft_Plans_to
      Actually_Make_Money_(Not_Losses)_From_GitHub
  22. YOU ARE HERE ☞ ‘Mr. GitHub Copilot’ Balabhadra (Alex) Graveley Pleads
      Guilty After Assaulting Women
          🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GitHub: Where everything comes to die⦈


Summary: Balabhadra_(Alex)_Graveley from Microsoft GitHub (the man behind the
GPL violation machine called “Copilot”) has “pled guilty to get deferred
sentence”


IN THE previous part, which was the first part of this second phase, we dealt
with the objectives and strategy of GitHub. Microsoft wants to leverage it to
imprison development of software — putting it back in shackles of proprietary
software. The first 20 parts of the series partly focused on Graveley but
mostly on Copilot, culminating in the arrest_record_of_Balabhadra_(Alex)
Graveley, the person behind Copilot, then behind bars.


“Alex pled guilty to get deferred sentence,” a source has told us. In other
words, he admits culpability or guilt. Long gone are his close friends Miguel
de_Icaza and Nat Friedman, who have already fled the scene (Microsoft) and are
keeping eerily low profile. We know for a fact that they knew what he had done
(we showed hard evidence earlier in this series), they certainly knew how bad
that was, and still they protected, shielded, and sometimes promoted this
person. Some of the Board of the Linux_Foundation (from Microsoft) also covered
it up! Later they_tell_us_how_much_they_value_Diversity_and_Inclusion…


This seems like typical Microsoft behaviour — a lack of a conscientious
instinct.


The “other Alex” (Kipman) has meanwhile been removed in relation to sexual
things [1, 2]. He was a top-level manager at Microsoft and we have reasons to
suspect what he did was vastly worse than what Microsoft wants us to know (same
thing which happened in 2020 when Microsoft was quick to distance_itself_from
the_pervert_Bill_Gates). █


 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Balabhadra_(Alex)_Graveley_kissed_by_Stephanie_Friedman⦈_
              Balabhadra (Alex) Graveley with Nat Friedman’s wife


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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠤⠴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⣾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⢛⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠒⣒⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣿⣿⣯⣉⣉⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣻⢷⠺⠛⠉⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⠀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡀⠀⠀⠈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠋⣥⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⡒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⠉⠉⠩⠭⠤⠄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢋⣉⠉⠭⠥⠤⠤⠤⠤⡙⣿⢀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⣒⣂⡀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣰⣷⡶⢤⣿⣄⣀⡂⠀⣾⡿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢒⣂⢸⣿⢸⣉⠩⠭⠥⠤⠤⠤⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⠁⠃⠩⡽⣿⣇⣰⠟⡷⣆⠀⠱⣻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⡉⠭⠭⠤⠤⠤⢸⣿⢸⠐⠒⠒⣒⣂⣀⣈⡁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⣻⡿⢿⣶⡏⣠⣤⣿⣿⣶⣿⠈⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⠐⠒⠒⠒⢒⣒⢸⡗⢸⠉⠭⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠘⠛⠴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢸⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣏⣉⣉⡉⠥⠤⠤⢼⡇⣿⠒⠒⣒⣀⣉⣉⠩⠅⡏⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠉⠀⠀⣀⡼⣸⢻⣿⣟⣿⡿⠀⠒⠒⠒⠒⣂⢸⡇⠏⠍⠤⠤⠄⠐⠒⠒⡂⣇⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⢿⢡⠾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⣋⣀⣁⠀⠈⢿⣏⡀⣈⣉⠉⠭⠤⠤⠌⡇⡇⡗⣂⣈⡉⠩⠭⠤⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⠤⠂⢀⣤⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⢀⣧⣄⢿⡧⠤⠐⠒⠒⢒⣀⡀⡇⠃⡧⠄⠀⠒⠒⣒⣀⣁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣵⠿⣻⣿⣿⢇⣈⣉⣉⠥⠤⣤⡄⡇⠀⣧⣭⣹⡿⠶⠦⠝⠛⣚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡢⣎⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⡵⢞⣿⢿⡟⢸⣾⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠰⣴⣶⣶⡶⠿⠿⠟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠝⣻⣶⠚⠋⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣥⣶⣯⣶⣿⣼⡌⢿⣿⠔⠒⠒⠒⠉⣇⠀⡇⠀⠤⠤⠀⠒⠂⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⠙⠀⠀⡀⡈⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⣳⠿⣷⡈⣿⣒⣀⣀⠀⠀⣿⠀⡇⠂⢀⡀⠉⠠⠄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣭⣭⣭⣵⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⡟⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⡂⢸⣰⣦⡙⢮⣅⡀⢀⣶⣬⣾⣷⣝⢿⠿⠡⠀⠀⠀⠂⣿⠀⠇⠀⠀⠐⠂⢀⠈⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢐⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡿⡂⢨⣿⣟⢿⣦⡙⢿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠒⠂⡀⠉⠁⠀⣿⠀⢀⡀⠈⠠⠄⠀⠂⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠠⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⠘⣿⣿⢦⣈⡉⣈⣻⣞⣿⣿⣿⣻⡯⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⠀⠀⠀⠒⣀⠈⠡⠀⠀⠸⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣶⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⢨⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡡⡀⠈⢿⣽⠈⠉⠛⢛⣻⠯⣝⢿⡻⣿⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿
⣛⣩⣭⣭⣵⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠔⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⣿⣯⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠠⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠨⢸⠿⠁⣿⠀⠻⣿⣯
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⡀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢊⠀⢰⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣮⣻⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠁⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡡⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣛⡥⠁⣿⠿⠿⠟⢛⣛⣋⣩⣭⣴⣖⡹⠿⣿⣿⣇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⢀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⠟⣿⠟⡔⠀⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣛⣻⣯⡅⠐⢿⣿⣿⠀⠼⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡃⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢁⡈⣁⠴⠒⢌⣫⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⠀⢋⢎⡜⠀⣭⣽⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⠀⠸⡿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⢹⡟⢟⠀⠀⠠⢸⣎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡟⡰⢣⠞⠔⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣶⠀⠀⢢⠀⠐⠀⢢⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣛⡀⠀⠀⠬⣾⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠞⡱⢋⢎⣼⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠏⠹⠋⠀⠀⢸⣆⡀⠀⣦⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⣨⠜⣿⢽⡷⠡⣼⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡞⣱⢣⣾⣿⡇⠸⠻⠟⠋⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣹⡄⠀⢻⠀⠘⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢯⠂⠀⠀⠸⢛⣚⠣⢤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡼⣡⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠹⣿⣷⠈⢃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡆⠀⠀⠈⢟⣽⣣⡄⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⠻⡀⢧⠈⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠇⠀⠐⠀⠀⠿⠉⠀⠈⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⠓⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠀⠀⠰⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 219

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/fury-at-epo/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/07/01/fury-at-epo/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ People_Are_Very_Angry_That_Campinos_Was_Left_in_Positions_of_Power_Without
Any_Competition_and_in_Spite_of_Failing_to_Fulfill_Essential_Goals⠀✐


Posted in Europe, Patents at 9:06 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


Video_download_link | md5sum b958f79c9d1bfbe08aa43769f9075da9
The Campinos Blowback
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0


http://techrights.org/videos/campinos-appointment-leads-to-anger.webm


Summary: As predicted, people are infuriated by the decision of the
Administrative Council to give Campinos several more years to destroy the EPO
and its reputation (while moreover pushing a totally_illegal_and
unconstitutional_patent_court_system, which severely harms the image of the
European Union)


THIS morning SUEPO reacted to the news about António_Campinos maintaining his
position at the EPO. “EPO management should be elected based on merits, not
political or financial favours,” Thorsten_Bausch_(Hoffmann_Eitle)_wrote. We
urge people to read the comments; some of these are very good.


“The EPO is nowadays embracing elements of monarchy like Saudi Arabia and it’s
attacking journalists.”The EPO has meanwhile changed the subject again, pushing
Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) and other items of the litigation lobby, in
two (warning: epo.org link) seprate pages. (warning: epo.org link)


An attempt to distract the public from the anger and rage? Maybe. Hard to prove
intent.


Either way, the EPO sends the wrong message again. We have managers at EPO
insisting that the Office supports women and gay people, but then they're
partnering_with_Saudi_Arabia, which abuses both groups. As we put it earlier
this year in response to a similar “press release” from the EPO: “EPO:_We
Support_Women_and_Gay_People,_But_We_Also_Support_People_Who_Behead_Them_(in
the_Interest_of_Patent_Profits)“


The EPO is nowadays embracing elements of a monarchy like Saudi Arabia and it’s
attacking journalists. Like the Saudi regime bribing nations in all sorts of
ways, the EPO uses its money (derived from illegal patent grants) to bribe
national delegates, NPOs, and sometimes journalists/publishers/scholars too.
This results in self-censorship for reasons other than fear.


“EPO is not a monarchy,” someone reminded us, “though it might act like one…”


Who’s going to stop that? █



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 292

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/irc-log-300622/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/07/01/irc-log-300622/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Thursday,_June_30,_2022⠀✐


Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:07 am by Needs Sunlight


Also available via the Gemini protocol at:


    * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-300622.gmi
    * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-300622.gmi
    * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-300622.gmi
    * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-300622.gmi
Over HTTP:


                                      🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H                                     🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_


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                          Enter_the_IRC_channels_now


===============================================================================
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§ Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾


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                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 419

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/poor-baby-tony/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/07/01/poor-baby-tony/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ [Meme]_President_Crybaby⠀✐


Posted in Europe, Patents at 9:13 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


                🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇I am the f***ing president⦈
                Poor baby_Tony. His confidence was challenged.


Summary: EPO President António_Campinos, who constantly assaults the EPO’s
staff, has portrayed himself as a poor victim of “hostile” staff (reversal of
narratives)


⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣶⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣆⣴⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣶⣷⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠉⠁⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⠙⠛⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢠⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣙⠿⢋⣀⣀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠘⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠋⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠃⢀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⣀⣀⣴⣿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣦⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⢿⣿⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣦⡍⢉⣥⣤⡝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⢠⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠷⣄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⡖⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠻⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡿⠉⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⢙⣿⠋⠉⠳⠶⠚⠛⢳⣶⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠧⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣤⣀⣀⣀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢷⣿⣿⣆⣴⣾⣷⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⣴⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠟⢷⠆⠰⠶⠶⠶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣧⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣿⠆⠸⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣷⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⡀⣆⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣏⠈⠉⠃⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠀⢉⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠿⢷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣦⣄⡀⠉⠀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠘⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣦⣴⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣶⣦⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⣿⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣰⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡟⠁⢰⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣤⣠⣤⣄⣾⣿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣆⣿⡟⠁⢀⡀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣭⣼⣿⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⡄⠀⣤⣄⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡄⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⠉⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣧⠈⠻⣿⣿⣯⣤⣀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠃⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣶⣤⣾⣿⠃⠀⠙⠒⠉⠉⢹⣷⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣀⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠠⣾⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠟⢷⠆⠰⠶⠶⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣷⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣠⣾⡆⢻⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿
⢀⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣜⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠟⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣻⡿⢿⡿⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣄⠀⠂⠠⢤⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣀⡀⠉⠙⠛⠿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠃⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⢠⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠀⠸⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣦⣄⣀⢸⣿⠇⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⡿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣟⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠀⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣶⣤⣦⣤⣾⡟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣯⣄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⢟⢀⡠⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠐⠊⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⠇⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⣹⡟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣷⣤⠀⢀⢀⡀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣰⡿⠁⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⢿⣿⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠈⠻⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣶⣦⣄⣀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠐⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⣄⡈⠙⠛⠃⠀⠀⣀⡤⠤⣄⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠟⠱⣶⣶⣾⣝⠂⠀⣈⡉⠁⢀⣹⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣷⣤⣶⣶⣶⣴⣾⣄⣠⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣻⣿⣿⣿⣃⡀⠰⣾⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣶
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢶⠆⠰⠶⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣧⡙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⣿⡟⠀⢻⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣾⣿⣿
⢀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣜⡃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀
⠻⠇⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣽⠿⠿⠇⠀⢈⣽⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣆⡀⠀⠒⢲⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣠⣶⣴⣤⣀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⢰⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠀⢸⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣦⣼⣦⣠⣠⡸⣿⠃⣰⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣛⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⠀⣾⣿⠆⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣧⣰⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣫⡀⣐⡌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⡿⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡏⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠤⠄⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣰⡟⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣜⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠙⢲⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡟⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠙⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⡀⠉⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠐⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣧⡀⠙⠻⠿⠋⠀⠀⣀⠤⢤⡀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣶⠴⢲⣶⣶⣾⡘⠀⢀⣉⡉⠀⣀⣽⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⢿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣷⣤⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣤⣤⣴⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣻⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠰⣶⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⠶⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣦⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⣀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿
⢡⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣬⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠹⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠛⠃⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠿⠿⠄⠀⢠⣿⣿⡿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⡌⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣦⣀⣁⠒⢺⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣠⣤⣶⣦⣤⣀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⢠⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⢲⣶⡀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⢺⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣦⣼⡂⢤⣤⡸⣿⠁⣴⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢧⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⣛⡻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢙⣿⡎⠈⣾⣿⠆⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⣿⣤⣸⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡿⡣⡀⣔⡄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⠖⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠏⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⢿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠠⠤⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⡛⢿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣼⠟⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣜⣿⡿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠒⠀⠀⢂⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠽⣿⣦⣀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⣸⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠈⠙⢿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣧⣄⠈⠙⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠐⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠈⠻⢿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣀⣠⣄⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠶⠶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣶⣤⡤⢤⣤⣴⣯⠒⠀⢈⣉⠉⠀⣀⣽⣷⣴⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣛⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣴⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣤⣤⣴⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⡿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣶⣝⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢶⠆⠰⠶⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣌⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡆⠀⣀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿
⢠⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣬⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠱⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀
⠛⠃⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⠿⠿⠆⠀⢈⣿⣿⡿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠌⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣆⣈⠑⠒⢚⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣠⣤⣶⣦⣤⣀⡀⠉⠙⠛⠿⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⢸⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⢲⣦⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠙⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣦⣴⡂⢠⣤⡸⣿⠃⣴⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢖⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⢿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠞⣛⢻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⢙⣷⡌⠈⣾⣿⠄⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣾⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢇⣿⣄⣴⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣿⡫⡠⣐⡌⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠐⠊⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣷⠆⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣿⠏⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠠⠤⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⣼⠏⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⢿⡿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠢⠀⠀⡄⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠳⣻⣿⣇⠀⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢸⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡎⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⡇⠉⠻⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⣿⣿⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⡀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⡈⠛⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠐⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣧⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣦⣀⡨⢭⣤⣤⣖⠹⠁⠈⠓⠒⠉⠉⣳⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⢟⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣷⣴⣾⣶⣶⣿⣷⣠⣤⣴⣄⠀⠀⠈⠉⠋⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣶⢠⣾⣿⣷⣦⡙⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⠶⠶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣷⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿
⣡⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣝⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣷⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀
⠻⠃⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣨⡿⠿⠭⠄⠀⣉⣿⣿⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢤⠃⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⣄⠀⠒⠒⢒⣾⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣤⣦⣦⣄⣀⡈⠉⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠃⡘⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⠄⠀⠀⣴⣄⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡆⠀⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡸⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣐⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣶⣶⣤⣀⢀⣀⣀⢹⣿⠁⣴⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣆⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢚⡳⢿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡍⢻⣷⡍⢀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣷⣦⣤⣤⣄⣾⠏⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠃⠀⠀⠀⠂⠈⠸⣼⣏⡀⡮⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣼⡿⡋⣠⢠⡈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣶⠂⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⣿⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⣾⠃⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠓⠄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠳⠞⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢯⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢠⣼⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⠋⣾⡿⡶⣿⣿⣿⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣏⠙⢿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⣿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣄⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠋⠈⠴⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢷⣦⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⠀⢀⣠⠄⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⣄⡀⢙⣛⣀⣀⡴⢆⠉⠙⠦⠔⠒⠓⢦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⢿⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣦⣤⣶⣴⣤⣿⣧⣤⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠁⠹⣿⣿⣿⣤⢠⣶⣶⣦⣄⠲⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠃⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢶⠆⠰⠶⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣧⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡟⣿⣿⡁⣴⣄⠘⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿
⡁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣓⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡟⡀⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡄⠀⠠⠤⠬⢿⣿⣷⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⡈⠙⠛⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢰⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠀⢠⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣦⣠⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⡟⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⡶⢶⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⢻⣷⣝⠃⢸⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣦⣀⣀⣀⣠⣾⠏⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠈⣇⣿⡀⢡⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⡿⠃⡀⡀⢒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣮⡄⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣵⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣯⡅⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⣰⡿⠁⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠐⠒⠂⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠢⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠓⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣯⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣻⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⠋⣿⢿⡴⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⠇⠀⠙⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡄⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⢉⡽⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡄⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣶⣤⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡄⢀⣠⣤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣄⠈⠻⢿⡿⠁⢀⣤⠤⠶⣄⣀⠤⠤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣶⣮⣀⣴⣯⣬⣹⣿⡄⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣷⡤⠲⣶⣶⣿⣌⠀⣀⣤⣄⡀⢤⣼⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠕⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣄
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠄⠰⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣽⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⢶⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣿⣿
⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡅⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣾⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠛⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⠐⠠⠤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⣤⣶⣶⣄⣀⡉⠉⠙⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡠⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣾⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣦⣤⣄⣀⠄⣀⣀⢸⣿⡇⣠⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⠖⠶⣶⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣔⢻⣷⡙⠀⣽⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣶⣦⣄⣤⣄⣴⡿⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣡⠆⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠸⣼⣏⡈⣤⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣖⣿⢟⠁⢠⡐⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠉⠁⠒⠒⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣷⣥⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣷⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣍⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⣼⠏⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⣿⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠓⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠚⠛⢻⣿⣿⣷⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⢹⣿⢧⣴⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⣯⣮⣺⠿⢿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠈⠻⢿⣿⡷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⣫⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢷⣦⣄⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⠴⠲⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⡀⠙⠿⠿⠋⠀⣠⡤⠴⢦⣀⣠⠤⢤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠡⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣶⣾⣦⣤⣾⣭⣄⣿⣿⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣶⠔⢶⣶⣾⣧⡁⢀⣠⣤⣀⠀⣤⣾⣽⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠚⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠎⢶⠄⠰⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡏⢾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿
⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡅⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡟⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠋⠀⠩⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⡿⠿⠁⠀⠈⢙⣿⣿⣯⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⡀⠐⡀⠴⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣴⣶⣷⣶⣤⣄⡀⠈⠙⠛⠿⠟⠛⠿⠿⠿⠟⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣼⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡸⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣦⣤⣤⡀⠂⣀⣀⢽⣿⠃⣾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣴⡿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⢚⠺⣆⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡍⢻⣷⡙⢀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣾⡿⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⡟⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣿⣁⢠⡄⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣜⡿⠋⢀⢠⡐⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠉⠉⠐⠒⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣷⡤⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣯⣡⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣠⡿⠃⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡹⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠒⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠯⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣏⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡈⢹⡟⡶⣾⣿⣿⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡟⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡇⣿⣷⣯⡛⢻⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣇⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠙⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠉⡽⠊⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡄⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢶⣤⣀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⠴⠷⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣆⠀⠙⠿⠟⠀⠀⡠⡤⠒⢦⣀⡤⠤⢤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠱⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣾⣿⣦⣤⣾⣽⣍⣿⣿⢠⣀⣀⠀⠀⠈⠿⢿⠶⠒⣶⣶⣿⣮⡁⢀⣤⣤⣀⠠⣴⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣠
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠄⠰⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠐⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿
⡆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣆⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠉⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣯⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⢿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣷⣀⠀⣒⢒⣻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣶⣷⣶⣦⣦⡀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠻⠟⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣼⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣶⣶⣤⣄⠀⢠⣀⢿⣿⠁⣾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣖⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡞⢻⣰⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⣙⠻⡆⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣻⣷⡍⢠⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣦⣴⣦⣤⣾⠟⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⢃⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣿⣄⠰⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⡿⡁⣠⢠⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣼⣾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣷⠆⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⣻⡟⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠤⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣼⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡎⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡹⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠓⠢⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠃⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢏⣿⣿⡇⡀⣀⣶⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠂⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⠿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⣿⣿⣮⣝⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡆⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⡆⠙⠻⠿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⢁⠴⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢷⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠓⢟⣶⣦⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣦⡀⠉⡛⠁⠀⢀⢴⡒⠒⢦⡠⠴⠒⠦⣤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠘⢿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣶⣴⣷⣶⣦⣿⣿⣠⣀⣤⡀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠋⠘⢿⣿⣿⣦⡀⣠⣤⣤⣄⠰⣼⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠑⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣤
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠮⢶⠄⠰⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⢿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠐⣶⣾⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿
⣷⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀
⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⢀⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣷⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣷⣀⣠⣒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠉⠙⠋⠉⠙⠛⠛⠃⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⠀⢠⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣾⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣸⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣼⠇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣾⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢛⣻⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⡀⢠⣄⢿⡿⢠⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣷⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠹⣸⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣉⣍⠻⠆⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣅⢰⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⣀⡈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢁⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣆⡰⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣟⡅⡠⣢⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣷⣴⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠷⠂⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠉⠉⣿⠏⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠒⠠⠄⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠙⠻⢇⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣾⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡹⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠑⠢⢀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠯⢿⣿⣆⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢰⡟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡾⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⠙⠻⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠸⣻⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣯⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣄⠈⠙⠛⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠁⠀⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢶⣶⣶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡰⠖⠀⣻⠶⣦⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣦⣀⣈⠉⢀⠀⣠⢲⠊⠙⠦⠤⠒⠒⢦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⡿⢿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣯⣠⣄⣤⡀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠁⠙⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⣤⣶⣦⣄⠲⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣤
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡻⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⡇⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⡿⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡄⠀⢀⣄⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣲⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣇⣀⣐⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣴⡀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠉⠛⠛⠛⠏⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢠⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣸⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣄⡀⣀⣄⢿⡿⠀⣾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⠘⠣⣸⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⡚⣙⠻⠆⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⡅⢠⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣶⣴⣶⣤⣾⠟⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢃⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣿⣄⠰⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⡟⡁⡠⢠⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣇⣶⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣷⠆⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⣻⡟⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠘⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⣴⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⡌⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡽⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠓⠲⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠑⢤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠯⣿⣧⣴⣾⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣿⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⠿⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠯⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⡀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠙⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⡀⠉⠛⠿⠿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠁⠴⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣶⣶⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡤⠁⢦⣦⣄⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠈⠻⠿⠋⠀⢀⣤⠤⠲⣄⣀⡠⠤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠘⠿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⣴⣧⣴⣤⣿⣷⣠⣀⣀⠀⠀⠹⢿⡷⠖⠰⣾⣷⣿⣌⠀⣀⣤⣄⡀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠑⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣠
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠄⠰⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⠱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣽⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿
⣸⢿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⠇⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⠿⠈⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⠻⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⠁⠀⠀⣀⣀⣾⣟⣻⣱⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣀⡀⢀⢄⠘⠿⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣦⣀⣐⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣇⡀⠀⠙⠻⡉⠛⠛⠛⠏⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣾⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⡀⢠⣤⡺⡿⠀⣾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡧⣸⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⣛⡻⡏⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣹⣿⣆⢀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣾⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠙⢃⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣿⣤⠰⠂⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⡟⡁⡠⣠⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣧⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣷⠆⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⢻⡟⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡈⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⢿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⣴⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣜⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠲⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠒⠤⣲⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠷⢻⣿⠁⠀⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢻⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⢸⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣟⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠙⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠘⣿⣿⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠴⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡆⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⡄⠀⠀⠁⢉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣑⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⢠⡄⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠈⠻⣿⣿⠋⠀⡀⠤⠤⣄⢀⣀⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠓⠲⠾⠿⠛⠻⣿⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣺⣷⣤⣤⣦⣤⣄⣾⣧⣠⣀⣀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣦⣄⠠⣶⣶⣾⣌⠃⢀⣈⣉⠀⢀⣠⣿⣷⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠎⢶⠄⠰⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣝⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿
⣆⣻⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⡿⠃⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⠀⠀⠀⠐⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠠⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢀⢀⣀⣄⠀⠛⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠻⠛⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠋⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢀⡀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠀⠀⢀⣼⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣶⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡷⣿⣿⣿⣯⣾⡇⡇⣿⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣸⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⣉⠻⠇⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣷⣏⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⣿⣄⠰⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢠⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣷⠖⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⢹⡟⠈⠉⠀⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡉⢹⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠄⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣤⣄⡀⣰⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣞⣿⢿⢿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⢦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠑⠦⣐⢤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢽⣿⣿⡿⡟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⢻⣠⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣟⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡇⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⡀⠙⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠀⡿⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠴⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠙⠇⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣑⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣆⠀⠻⣿⣿⠟⠁⣀⠠⠤⢄⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢶⣄⠀⠀⠀⣀⠿⢿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣲⣶⣀⣠⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⢀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣦⣀⠈⣽⣶⣾⣅⠃⠀⣈⣉⠀⢀⣠⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠁⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣄
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣝⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿
⣦⡸⡇⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣯⣦⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⣿⡇⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢻⠻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠂⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢀⡀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⢸⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣦⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣸⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⡔⣛⡻⡯⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣟⡥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⣻⣥⢰⡆⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢠⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⣀⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠉⠁⠒⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⡶⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⢉⣿⠉⠉⠀⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⣯⣅⢹⣿⣾⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣯⡅⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⢠⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣎⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠿⣦⣄⠪⡆⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠓⠮⣳⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡿⠉⠛⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣂⣀⣀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⠀⠙⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠀⣿⠿⣏⣩⠿⠛⣸⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠈⢩⠟⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣆⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠧⠀⠀⠈⠉⣩⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣆⠀⠙⢿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣀⣀⣄⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⡀⠀⣀⣀⡀⡀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣦⣄⠀⢤⣤⣤⣎⠂⠀⠈⠁⠉⠁⠈⣽⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠓⠒⠒⠁⠀⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠄⠰⠶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡗⢰⣿⣿⣷⣦⡙⢿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿
⣷⣀⢿⠄⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⢿⡿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣷⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣲⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠍⠻⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣰⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠋⠛⠛⠿⠏⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠐⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡼⣷⣤⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⣻⣿⣿⣏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢰⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠐⢫⡛⠿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣼⣧⣀⣾⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡟⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⢀⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠒⠒⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣷⠆⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⢁⣼⠋⠉⠀⣩⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⢫⣷⣷⣆⣾⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣟⡁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠛⠻⢶⣄⡻⣷⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠲⢝⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡇⠀⠛⠓⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢉⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣴⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠈⠻⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⢸⡿⠊⠤⢿⣏⣀⣼⣿⣿⠿⠛⠘⢈⡭⠊⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠘⠳⢄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣧⡀⠈⠙⠟⠁⠀⠀⡀⠠⠤⡀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣦⣀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠦⠂⢠⣤⣤⣮⠘⠀⠀⣉⠉⠀⢀⣨⣟⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠉⠁⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⠶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⣿⣿⣶⣌⢻⣾⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿
⢰⣤⣄⣻⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠟⠛⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢰⣾⣷⣷⣶⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠛⠿⠟⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢿⣿⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠺⠟⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⠻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣴⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⡄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠻⠇⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣆⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢠⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣿⣼⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣵⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣼⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣀⡷⠈⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⡍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠙⢷⣧⣜⡃⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠻⡿⣿⡟⢠⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠃⠀⠀⠹⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⢀⣼⠃⠀⠀⠉⢴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣦⣄⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡼⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢯⣛⢀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣄⡙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠣⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣵⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠚⢿⣿⣿⣤⣀⣠⣦⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⢻⡏⢿⣿⣿⣿⢁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⠋⠻⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣾⡯⢠⠜⠹⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢟⣛⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠈⠛⠟⢨⠼⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠈⢠⠖⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣧⡀⠈⠻⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⣤⣀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣟⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢄⠒⠒⢦⡀⠤⠤⢤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠻⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⢠⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⢯⣿⣿⣆⠀⣀⣤⣄⡀⠠⣰⣧⣗⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣜⢷⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠠⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿
⠠⣤⣤⡸⡇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⠿⠿⠻⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠙⠿⣿⠃⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠄
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣀⣭⡉⠀⠀⢀⣆⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣠⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣶⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⠿⡏⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢠⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣅⣠⣽⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣼⡿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⣶⠌⢛⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⣿⣶⣜⡏⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⠿⣿⣿⡟⢠⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠉⠉⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠛⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣍⠁⠀⣠⠏⠀⠀⠉⢴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣯⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣦⣀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣰⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⠿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⢯⡛⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡈⠉⢡⣦⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢸⣷⠈⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠏⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠘⣿⣭⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⡿⣻⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣧⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣄⠀⠉⠙⠛⠛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠈⢩⠘⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣧⠀⠘⠿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⢶⣦⣴⠞⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⣄⡀⡈⠁⠀⠀⡠⠀⠒⢦⣀⡠⠤⢄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⢀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠉⠀⢖⣶⣾⣆⠁⢀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣵⣖⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣝⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠠⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣶⣾
⠀⢤⣤⣄⢿⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠇⠀⠀⢀⡀⣰⣾⣷⣷⣶⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠛⢿⠟⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣉⡉⠀⠀⢀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣠⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣦⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⣿⣆⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⣰⣶⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣰⡿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⢴⡎⠛⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣶⣤⣻⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⡿⠟⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣾⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⣉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠟⠁⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠉⠀⢀⡾⠀⠀⠉⠰⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣦⡰⣧⣿⣿⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣏⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⡝⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠳⢦⣌⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⢯⡛⢆⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣷⣄⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣑⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣏⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣿⣆⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡏⠻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡆⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣻⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠈⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⣤⣀⣀⢀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠈⢠⠔⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣧⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⣄⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⡠⠀⠒⢢⣀⡠⠤⢤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⠿⠃⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⢀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠋⠀⢶⢶⣾⣆⡁⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⡾⣽⢶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠆⠰⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣷⣿⡇⢾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⣻⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣾⣾
⠀⠀⣶⣤⣜⡇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⢀⣀⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠁⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣉⡉⠀⠀⢀⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠝⠿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣿⣾⣿⣆⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⢤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣤⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣴⡿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⡗⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢀⣈⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣷⣟⡀⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⡟⠛⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣠⣴⣾⣿⣷⣦⣤⡀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣩⣠⣤⣶⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠁⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⠁⠀⠀⡾⠁⠀⠁⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⡉⠙⠿⣿⣿⡿⣷⡀⣷⣔⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⡏⠀⢩⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠷⣮⡂⢀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡏⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⠙⢿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣇⠈⠙⠛⠛⠛⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣟⢽⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⣶⣶⣶⣶⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠰⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠘⢿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣷⣄⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⡠⡐⠒⠲⣀⠠⠔⠢⢄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣲⣄⢀⣤⣀⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠋⠀⠫⣹⣽⣧⡀⢀⣠⣤⣀⠀⢤⣾⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢶⠆⠰⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡹⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢰⣾⣦⣽⠁⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⢀⣀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⡈⡉⠀⠀⢠⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠟⠻⠛⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣻⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣦⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣢⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣟⣩⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⣠⣾⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢖⡲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⡿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠸⣸⣟⡀⣾⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠤⠤⠝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣷⣯⡄⠈⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⢛⡟⠙⢡⣿⠿⠋⢉⣠⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣩⣤⣤⣶⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⡘⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⣷⠀⡉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡆⣽⣶⣻⣾⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠤⠀⠀⠙⠿⢷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠿⢿⣶⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡄⠀⢨⣼⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣄⡀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠁⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⠌⠻⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⡀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⢫⠽⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣧⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⢿⣶⣶⣾⡿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠰⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣆⠀⠙⢿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣯⣅⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣦⣀⢀⠉⠀⠀⡠⢒⠂⠙⠆⠤⠔⠒⠦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣄⣀⣤⣠⣄⣀⣄⢀⢀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠁⠘⣽⣿⢿⣄⠀⣠⣤⣤⡀⠠⣼⣳⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢶⠆⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢶⣶⣆⡟⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠃⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣢⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠹⣿⡇⠀⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠉⣻⣿⣿⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⣒⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣴⡿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⣿⣃⢐⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠠⠤⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣷⣭⡄⠊⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠉⣹⠋⠛⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣩⣤⣤⣶⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⠀⣴⠏⠀⠀⠁⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠤⠀⠀⠙⠿⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⣿⣦⣄⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢶⣆⡂⠀⡀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⢿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⡿⡿⣫⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡄⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠈⠛⠿⠋⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠁⠁⠴⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢷⣦⣄⣀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣋⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣷⡀⠀⠙⠛⠀⢀⠄⠐⠒⣄⣀⠤⠤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣦⣀⣠⣄⣤⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠖⠱⡰⣶⢷⡀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣴⣯⡾⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢶⠖⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣾⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣻⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢠⣦⣤⣸⠇⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣐⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠟⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠟⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣴⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠐⠈⠛⠻⣿⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠉⢉⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⢀⣀⣀⣤⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⡒⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣰⣿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠸⣮⣿⡁⢰⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠠⠤⠝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣟⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣾⣵⠑⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠀⣿⠉⠛⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⡀⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣩⣠⣤⣶⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⡀⢀⣼⠃⠀⠀⠁⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠤⠀⠀⠙⠿⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣷⣦⣀⣴⣮⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣾⣇⠤⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢓⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡆⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⢿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⠀⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣻⡻⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢿⣿⡿⢰⢨⣿⣿⡟⠋⠁⠁⠴⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣇⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣄⡀⠙⠉⠒⢸⣿⣛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣆⠀⠈⠛⠋⠀⢀⠠⠤⠤⡀⣀⡠⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠶⠶⠖⠻⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣆⠀⣠⣀⣄⡀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠷⠒⢲⣲⣶⣧⠁⠀⢀⣉⠀⠀⣀⣼⣟⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣶⣌⢻⣽⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣤⣄⣻⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠇⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣤⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣻⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣤⣴⣿⣿⣷⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠥⠔⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢶⡲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⣿⡿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠸⣼⣟⡀⢳⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠠⠤⠝⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣮⣵⠁⠙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠃⠀⣿⠈⠛⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⡀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣩⣤⣤⣶⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠫⢿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣄⠀⢀⣾⠃⠀⠀⠁⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣷⣦⣀⡐⢮⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣇⠤⢀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠣⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢳⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣦⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡛⢿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣻⡻⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠿⠿⢶⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠁⠈⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⢿⣿⣿⠦⢢⣿⣿⡟⠛⠁⠁⡴⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣦⣀⠈⠉⠉⠈⣿⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣷⣄⠀⠙⠻⠁⠀⢀⠤⠤⠤⡀⢀⡠⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠷⠶⠖⠻⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⡄⠀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠷⠂⢒⢶⣶⣧⠁⠀⢀⣉⠀⠀⣀⣽⢟⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢶⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣦⣌⢻⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣀⠰⡇⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⠁⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣥⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣤⣀⣶⣾⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠠⠔⠀⠀⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢶⡲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣴⣾⣿⡿⠇⠀⠀⠸⣼⣟⡀⢱⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠤⠤⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣮⣥⠀⠙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠉⣿⠉⠛⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⣉⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣩⣤⣤⣶⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠀⢀⣼⠃⠀⠀⠁⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⡉⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣶⣤⣀⣴⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣃⢤⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠳⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⣄⡄⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡆⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⢿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⣷⣏⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠙⠿⢿⣿⠽⢿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠋⣹⠇⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡆⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣦⣄⣀⣀⣠⣾⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣄⠀⠉⠻⠏⠀⢀⠀⠤⠤⡀⢀⡠⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠉⠙⢿⣿⡿⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⣷⠔⢲⢒⣒⣧⠀⠀⠀⣉⠁⠀⢀⣨⣏⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢶⠶⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣾⡿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣶⣌⠻⣮⣽⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⢰⡄⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣂⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠾⣿⣾⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⣰⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣤⣀⣠⣴⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠐⠤⠄⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⢣⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠋⠉⣻⣿⣿⣅⣾⣿⣷⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡶⣒⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢀⣴⣶⣶⣶⠆⠀⠘⣎⣿⣁⢹⣞⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠤⢀⣈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣾⣵⠈⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⠉⣹⠏⠛⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣩⣤⣤⣶⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠀⠀⣴⠏⠀⠀⠁⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⡟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣶⣤⣀⣬⣾⠄⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣯⡓⢦⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠻⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⠻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣧⡀⠉⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠓⠋⣩⠏⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣶⣦⣤⡴⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠈⠻⠿⠁⠀⠠⠤⠠⡄⢀⡠⠤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⡤⠰⣒⣒⣮⡀⠀⠀⣈⠁⠀⢀⣠⣯⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠎⢶⠶⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⣿⣾⣿⠠⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡙⣯⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣾
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢠⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⣿⣶⠁⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣷⣦⣄⣤⣶⣾⣆⣀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠉⠨⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣆⢧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣫⣝⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣤⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠸⣾⣧⣄⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠠⠤⠝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣾⡟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣷⡾⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⢀⡿⠀⠉⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣴⣦⣤⣤⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⢀⣽⠃⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣻⣿⣿⣏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠇⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼⢿⣿⣦⣄⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣗⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣟⡶⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣯⣿⣆⠈⠁⢀⣨⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠟⣟⣻⣿⠿⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡆⣿⣦⣴⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡍⠻⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⡟⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡆⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣄⡀⠉⠉⠉⢉⣼⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠁⠴⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠶⠶⠟⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠀⠙⠻⠋⠀⢀⠄⠐⠲⣄⣀⠤⠤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⠿⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠟⡶⠔⢲⣲⣶⣧⠁⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣰⢧⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢷⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⣿⣾⡟⢰⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣙⣿⣯⡗⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣴⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣷⡜⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⡿⣿⡿⡟⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣷⣦⣄⣠⣴⣾⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠂⠀⠁⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣦⣣⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣔⣫⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠻⣿⣯⡌⣿⡘⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠠⠤⠝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣡⣿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣷⡧⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠈⠀⠀⡿⠀⠉⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠈⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⢀⣽⠃⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣷⣦⣄⣸⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠺⡇⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣟⡶⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⡄⠉⠂⠀⣛⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠟⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠗⡖⢾⣿⣿⢁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠂⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⡍⢻⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢟⡿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣀⠈⠙⠛⠛⠛⣱⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠉⣫⠎⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠿⣶⣶⣶⠾⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣷⡄⠀⠙⠿⠋⠀⢀⠠⠄⠲⡄⢀⡠⠤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⡿⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⡶⠔⢲⣲⣖⣧⠀⠀⠀⣈⡀⠀⢀⣰⣯⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢷⢶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⣿⣾⣿⢠⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡙⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣾
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣦⠍⠀⠀⣴⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⣠⣴⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠈⠁⠀⠘⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣿⣷⣀⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣜⣯⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⡀⢳⣿⣥⡀⣿⡘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣉⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠤⠤⢈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⣴⡿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠙⠿⣿⣾⡇⠘⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠈⠀⠀⣿⠀⠈⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⢲⣦⣤⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠈⠩⢿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣄⠀⢀⣿⠃⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣼⣧⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣷⣦⣄⣸⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⡿⣏⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣝⡶⣀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⡄⠛⠀⠉⠻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢛⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⡤⢴⣶⣾⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢸⡇⣓⡾⢯⣭⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡝⠻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⢸⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠉⠻⠿⠿⠿⢋⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⠓⠉⢩⡏⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠀⠙⠿⠟⠀⠀⡠⠤⠤⣄⢀⣀⠤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠎⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣦⠤⠠⣐⣂⣮⡈⠀⠀⢈⠁⠀⢀⣠⡿⣱⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢷⢶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⣿⣿⣷⣦⡙⣷⣭⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣾
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⢀⣀⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣦⡌⠀⠀⢠⣾⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⣴⣿⡏⠀⠀⢀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⢀⣤⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠈⠓⠈⠁⠀⠘⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢛⣿⣿⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣞⣭⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣀⣠⣄⡀⢷⣿⣥⣸⣿⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢻⣿⠿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣉⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠤⠤⠌⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⣠⣾⠟⠛⠋⠁⠀⠙⠿⣿⣾⠇⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢠⡿⠀⠀⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣲⣦⣤⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣧⡰⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣀⠀⢠⡿⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠟⠙⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣷⣦⣤⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⢸⣍⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣝⡶⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢻⣿⡄⠋⠀⠈⢛⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡷⡖⢶⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣿⠀⠽⠚⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡙⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⢻⣼⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡀⠉⠛⠻⠿⠛⢡⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⠓⠉⢉⡭⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣷⣦⣤⣤⡶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⡀⠈⠻⢿⠏⠀⠀⡀⠤⠤⡄⢀⣀⠤⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠎⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⡷⣤⠤⢠⢀⣤⣮⠐⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⢀⣠⡿⣳⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠞⢷⢶⣾⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢻⣿⣽⣿⠠⣾⣿⣿⣷⣤⡙⣿⣭⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣾
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣦⣨⠀⠀⠀⣾⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⣠⣿⡇⠀⠀⣄⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⠁⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⢀⣤⣴⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠈⠹⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣷⣄⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣻⣭⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢀⣀⣀⠘⣾⣿⣤⢹⣿⢻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡟⢿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣉⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠤⠤⢈⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢃⣶⠿⠛⠛⠁⠈⠛⢿⣿⣾⠂⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣸⡏⠀⠈⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣧⠠⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣄⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⣨⡿⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢟⠻⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣶⣤⣤⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⢹⡼⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣛⠶⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⠈⠃⠀⠈⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢻⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⢧⠶⣶⣿⡿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣿⠈⠕⢾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⠛⢿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣼⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣧⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⠂⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⡀⠉⠛⠿⠟⠛⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠷⠛⢙⡽⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡆⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣷⣦⣤⣴⡾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣄⠀⠙⢿⣿⠋⠀⢀⡀⠤⢤⡀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣷⠔⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣦⣀⡠⡤⣤⣤⣆⠂⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⢀⢨⡯⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠟⢷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣦⣶⣦⣦⣶⣾⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠈⢾⣿⣿⡶⢠⣾⣿⣷⣦⣌⠻⣾⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠃⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠟⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣶⣦⡠⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢷⣿⣋⡐⣾⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣁⣤⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⢀⣤⣶⠖⠀⠙⢿⣿⣮⡧⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠁⢀⣽⡇⠀⠉⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⢶⣦⣤⣤⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢀⡀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣃⡀⠀⠀⣼⡟⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⡶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⣸⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣴⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣦⡀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⠙⠿⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢶⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢩⡇⢀⣀⣠⣤⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣳⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠘⢏⣹⣿⣟⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⣿⢐⣐⣢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣏⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⠄⠘⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠛⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠝⠟⣞⠿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠃⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢷⣦⣄⡀⠉⠉⣁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⠿⠟⠋⠙⢿⣿⣿⣄⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣄⠀⢈⣉⣀⣀⡔⠅⠀⠈⠓⠒⠉⠉⢑⣖⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠟⢷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⣦⣀⣄⣤⣴⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠁⠑⣼⣿⣿⣤⢀⣴⣶⣦⣄⡐⢾⣷⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠇⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣶⣶⡠⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣤⣼⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡴⣒⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⣿⣋⡘⣿⡾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣁⣤⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠹⢀⣤⣴⠦⠈⠻⣿⣷⣯⡧⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠁⢠⣿⠃⠀⠉⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠠⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢁⡀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡟⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢤⣴⣿⣿⣿⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣄⡀⢹⣿⣦⡀⠀⠐⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡦⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⠘⠇⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠷⣦⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⡆⣀⣀⣀⣴⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣵⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠹⢍⣻⣿⣟⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡆⣿⢰⡐⢲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⠀⠙⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠻⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⢯⠻⢷⡛⠿⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠓⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⣦⣀⠈⠉⠉⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⠿⠟⠋⠙⢿⣿⣿⣥⡬⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠀⠈⣋⣀⣀⠔⠍⠀⠈⠦⠒⠉⠉⢓⣖⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣄⣦⣀⣀⣠⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠹⠓⠁⠱⣶⣶⣿⣤⢀⣴⣶⣦⣄⠐⢾⣷⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣧⣶⣷⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡖⣛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠘⣧⣿⣃⢰⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣁⣤⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠹⠀⣠⡤⠆⠈⠻⣿⣿⣾⡆⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠈⠀⢠⣿⠃⠀⠈⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠠⠚⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢰⣤⣿⣻⣿⡷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣄⡀⣻⣿⣅⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣼⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⡿⠷⣆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⠙⡇⠙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠷⣮⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡇⠀⢀⣠⣴⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠹⣙⣻⣿⠟⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠂⣿⢐⠀⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⠀⠙⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠻⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠶⠝⠛⢚⠻⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⡀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⣤⡀⠈⠉⠉⣁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠿⠟⠋⠙⢿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⡀⠀⠉⢋⣀⣀⠆⠍⠀⠘⠆⠒⠉⠉⢒⡖⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⣤⣀⣀⣤⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠗⠁⠳⣲⣾⣷⡄⢠⣴⣶⣤⣄⠐⢾⣵⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⣷⣾⣿⣦⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢖⣓⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⡀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠸⣾⣟⣁⢻⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⡟⠿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣁⣴⡞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠙⠀⣠⣤⠄⠈⠻⣿⣿⣽⠅⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠈⠀⢠⣿⠁⠀⠀⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠠⠚⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠐⣦⣾⣿⣿⣗⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣀⠀⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣼⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠦⠄⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⠘⡎⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢷⣬⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡄⠀⢀⣀⣨⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢯⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⢱⠙⣿⣿⠟⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⣷⠀⠯⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡎⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⡀⠻⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠈⢿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠾⠙⠑⠛⠿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠂⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣦⣀⠈⠙⠛⠛⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢷⣶⣶⡶⠟⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣦⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣧⡀⠀⠙⠟⠁⢀⠖⡍⠉⠙⠤⠒⠉⠙⢒⡶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠏⢷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⣤⣀⣀⣠⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⠖⠊⢫⣿⡟⣷⡄⢀⣤⣦⣤⣀⠰⣾⡱⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣧⣶⣿⣦⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠖⡒⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⣀⠈⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠸⣾⣿⣁⢻⣇⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡟⠿⢿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⡾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠙⠀⣀⡤⠄⠘⠿⣿⣾⣽⠄⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠈⠉⢠⣿⠃⠀⠀⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠚⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⡀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣄⡀⠀⢿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣦⣼⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣻⠂⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⢹⡜⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣶⣄⡡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠈⠀⠀⠈⢹⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡟⡴⠶⣾⣿⡟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢸⡇⠑⣒⠿⣯⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡆⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢣⠈⠻⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⣧⢳⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠶⠏⠋⠚⠻⠟⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠃⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠈⠓⠼⠿⠿⠟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡆⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⠾⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⡄⠀⠙⠿⠿⠁⢀⢔⠀⠉⠱⠤⠔⠒⠒⢦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠶⣶⠏⢷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⣤⣀⣄⣀⣴⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢟⠦⡤⠀⢏⣿⡽⣆⡀⢀⣤⣤⣄⡀⠠⣾⡱⢿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣄⢘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⢀⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣴⣾⣷⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⢖⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⣀⠜⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⣿⢗⠉⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣁⣤⣾⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⡀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⢀⣀⠤⠈⠻⣿⣷⣭⡇⠐⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠂⠀⣼⡟⠀⠀⠈⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣠⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠔⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠁⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⢰⣤⣾⣼⣿⣷⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣀⡀⠀⢾⣷⣄⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣠⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣷⣄⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⣀⣠⣼⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡟⡎⢸⣿⣿⠇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢸⡇⠀⠛⢛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⢯⠋⠚⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠂⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⡀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠘⠳⣠⣐⣖⣽⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣦⣀⠀⠉⠉⠉⣡⠎⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣇⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⡠⡄⠐⠲⣀⡀⠤⠢⢤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠷⠶⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⡟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠿⢷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣄⣠⣄⢀⢀⣠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣆⠀⠈⠛⢛⢶⣲⣧⠁⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢠⣰⢧⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⡚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣶⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣶⣶⡀⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡉⠉⣹⣿⣿⣧⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⡴⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠰⣇⣿⠎⢙⣷⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣁⣤⣾⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣀⠄⠙⢿⣿⣦⣛⡄⠹⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠉⠁⣿⡟⠀⠀⠉⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣠⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠔⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠨⣄⢼⣼⣿⣷⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢼⣧⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣿⡷⡂⠀⠀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣟⡀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠉⠛⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⡀⣠⣴⣾⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢸⠘⠠⣿⣿⣯⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⠛⠭⢻⡿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠆⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⠀⠈⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠿⠀⠀⣀⠩⣽⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⡀⠀⠀⠸⠾⠿⢟⡆⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠤⢤⠀⢀⡠⠤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠷⣦⣤⣀⣠⣴⠞⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⡟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠟⢷⢶⣶⠶⣶⣶⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⠀⢀⣄⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⠀⠈⠻⣿⡟⣫⢴⣅⠁⠀⢀⣉⠀⠀⣀⣴⢏⡗⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡘⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣶⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⣴⣶⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⢻⣿⣿⣯⣁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⢤⣴⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⣤⠆⠄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠠⡅⣷⠌⢙⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣁⣤⣴⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⡀⣄⠹⣿⣶⣼⣛⡀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠫⠉⣻⣿⠀⠀⠉⢡⣿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠰⠚⠁⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠁⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢀⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠈⣅⣠⡆⣞⣧⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣰⡄⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣄⣼⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣶⣄⣬⣿⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣛⣟⣻⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢈⣸⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣯⣾⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡞⡰⠀⣺⣿⠟⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⠻⠫⢻⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠦⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠙⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⡇⠁⠂⠾⠷⣶⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡇⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠁⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⡿⡇⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠉⡀⣀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢷⣄⡀⠀⠉⠁⢉⡼⠁⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠟⢷⢶⣶⠶⢶⣶⣀⡀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣇⠀⠙⣿⣿⡿⡯⢴⡁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠀⡀⣬⢏⣶⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠓⠲⠚⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣾⣿⣗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣶⣿⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣏⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⢤⣴⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⣴⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣠⡷⠌⢛⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣉⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣁⣤⣾⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⢀⣠⠄⠻⣷⣶⣜⣣⠁⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠫⠉⣿⡟⠀⠀⠈⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣠⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠔⠋⠁⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠛⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⣤⡰⡆⣯⣷⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣤⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣦⣄⣼⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⢻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⢀⣴⡿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠻⠫⠛⣿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠷⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠛⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢨⠣⢀⣈⣉⣁⣴⣿⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠍⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⢿⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⢁⢀⡀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠒⠚⣩⠎⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⡟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠟⢷⢶⣶⠶⣶⣶⣀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⠧⣎⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠁⠀⣀⡽⣱⣶⡀⠀⠀⠉⠓⠶⠤⠴⠞⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣽⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣄⠏⠀⠀⢀⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠁⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣴⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣾⣿⣄⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⡙⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢁⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⡴⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⣇⣾⠆⠙⣳⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⣿⡿⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⣁⣤⣾⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠀⢀⡤⠘⢿⣶⣦⣛⡄⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡛⠛⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⡿⠿⠛⣉⣤⣶⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣀⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣠⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠊⠉⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⠃⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣼⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣦⡰⡇⣯⣿⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡷⣾⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣷⣤⣨⣽⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣿⣯⣶⣷⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⣶⡄⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠘⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠰⠀⠀⠛⠋⣀⣿⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣟⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⠀⠈⠉⠉⢩⣿⣿⡄⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⣁⣀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⡀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠾⠟⣱⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠖⠲⣶⠿⢷⣶⡶⠶⢶⣶⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠘⣿⣧⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢥⡁⠂⠀⠀⠑⠈⠁⠀⣨⣏⡶⣆⠀⠀⠙⠲⢤⣀⣀⣤⠾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1330

╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕

(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/07/01/windows-burning-platform/#comments
    Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/07/01/windows-burning-platform/

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ Microsoft_Windows_is_a_‘Burning_Platform’_(Both_on_the_Server_Side_and_the
Client_Side)⠀✐


Posted in GNU/Linux, Microsoft, Servers, Windows at 8:36 am by Dr. Roy
Schestowitz


Video_download_link | md5sum 1f25b6943c24f7a67afd075e462c5d46
Windows Era Ending
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0


http://techrights.org/videos/the-rapid-demise-of-windows.webm


Summary: ‘Burning platform’ is a derogatory term from Microsoft’s_Elop;
ironically, today’s ‘burning platform’ is actually Windows, even if the
corporate media isn’t talking about that


THE Web is not growing. It’s becoming more monopolised, i.e. denser in some
sense. This latest_report_from_Netcraft, published about 24 hours ago, says:
“In the June 2022 survey we received responses from 1,146,976,964 sites across
273,010,403 unique domains and 12,224,786 web-facing computers. This reflects a
loss of 8.75 million sites and 583,000 domains, but a gain of 155,000
computers.”


Notice the huge loss of sites and domains. People and businesses throwing in
the towel on the Web? Recognising they don’t get much out of it anymore?


“The goal should be software freedom, i.e. people controlling their computing.
Not every Linux-based operating system (such as Android) allows this to
happen.”More computers does not mean growth; it may mean more centralisation
and bloat (a lot of sites are very, very bloated).


But this is not what the above video is about. The video shows that in just a
few years Windows was decimated to almost nothing in the Web. In fact, during
the COVID-19 lock-downs many escaped the claws of Microsoft and moved to
something more decent. Similarly, in recent years many on the client side have
moved away from Windows, judging by clients that access the Web. We’ve been
showing this for years and we’ll show a lot more on that in days to come
(July’s preliminary data, extrapolated a bit). Consider the_case_of_Turkey,
where Windows market share is down to single digit — percentile — on the client
side (it’s happening globally also, Windows is measured at less than 30% of the
market share worldwide).


The video above explains that getting rid of Windows is only part of a long
journey. The goal should be software freedom, i.e. people controlling their
computing. Not every Linux-based operating system (such as Android) allows this
to happen. █



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1401

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ Links_01/07/2022:_More_Widespread_Calls_to_Delete_GitHub⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 10:17 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Audiocasts/Shows
          o Applications
          o Instructionals/Technical
          o Games
    * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems
          o Devices/Embedded
          o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications
    * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software
          o Licensing_/_Legal
    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Hardware
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Security
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Environment
                # Energy
                # Wildlife/Nature
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Politics
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾


                # ⚓ Video ☛ Yes,_Valve_(kinda)_downgraded_the_Steam_Deck._No,
                  it_doesn’t_matter._(Plus_other_Deck_News)_–_Invidious [Ed:
                  Gardiner Bryant seems to have been reduced to a Valve
                  marketing rep]⠀⇛


          o § Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Software_–_June
                  2022_Updates⠀⇛


                       
                       The table above shows our articles published in
                       June 2022.


                       For our entire collection, check out the categories
                       below. This is the largest compilation of
                       recommended software. The collection includes
                       hundreds of articles, with comprehensive sections
                       on internet, graphics, games, programming, science,
                       office, utilities, and more. Almost all of the
                       software is free and open source.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ H2S Media ☛ How_to_install_Master_PDF_Editor_on_Ubuntu
                  22.04_LTS_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛


                       Get easy steps to Install Master PDF Editor on
                       Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy JellyFish using the command
                       terminal for editing PDF files on Linux.


                       The “Master PDF Editor” is a comprehensive PDF
                       program that contains a lot of functions. In
                       addition to creating and editing PDF documents, the
                       software also allows converting to various formats.


                       The software provides you with a host of useful
                       functions for creating PDFs, Text, images, shapes,
                       buttons, checkboxes, and converting XPS files into
                       PDFs, and fillable shapes are only a small part of
                       the options available in “Master PDF Editor”.


                       Furthermore, the program allows you to insert
                       handwritten signatures under PDFs. Also, no problem
                       for the tool is the secure encryption of your
                       documents with the 128-bit standard.


                       However, the free edition is limited in features
                       and allows only the creation of new PDF documents,
                       filling PDF forms, adding and/or editing bookmarks
                       in PDF files; commenting and annotating PDF
                       documents; Split and merging PDF documents.


                # ⚓ Linux Shell Tips ☛ How_to_Install_Apache_Tomcat_10_in_RHEL
                  9⠀⇛


                       A web server is essential in the completion phases
                       of a web application project. It lets users
                       simulate, monitor, and assess the performance of
                       their web application projects in a real-world
                       environment. The choice and performance of such web
                       servers sometimes depend on the main programming
                       language used to create the project.


                       Apache Tomcat is a fused implementation of Jakarta
                       Expression Language, Jakarta Servlet, and WebSocket
                       technologies. It is an ideal HTTP web server
                       environment for pure Java coders. The Apache
                       Software Foundation is responsible for Apache
                       Tomcat’s development and maintenance.


                       This article guide will walk us through the
                       installation of an open-source java-based Apache
                       Tomcat 10 web server on RHEL 9 Linux.


                # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Manage_your_RPG_players_with_pc_|_Enable
                  Sysadmin⠀⇛


                       For me, a good tabletop role-playing game (RPG),
                       sometimes called a pen-and-paper RPG, is the
                       perfect hobby for getting away from my computer.
                       The classic editions of Dungeons & Dragons (D&D),
                       for example, were released well before PDFs and
                       eBooks existed, so I bring hardcover books and
                       paper character sheets to my gaming table.


                       In recent years, however, I’ve also started gaming
                       online using Mumble voice chat. At first, I treated
                       these games the same as my in-person games, but as
                       more games started integrating online maps like
                       Mythic Table, I found switching back and forth
                       between keyboard-and-screen and pen-and-paper
                       became a little frantic. When I’m running a player
                       character (PC), most of what I need to refer to is
                       on a character sheet, a document that lists my
                       special abilities and powers. To get to that
                       information quickly while managing a bunch of other
                       applications, I use the pc command.


                       The pc command parses RPG character sheets written
                       in the INI format. It works with any RPG game
                       system, as long as that system’s character sheet
                       data can be expressed as basic INI (most of them
                       can be).


                # ⚓ Daniel Aleksandersen ☛ How_to_set_per-creator/channel
                  playback_speed_on_YouTube⠀⇛


                       You can find hundreds of browser extensions that
                       let you fine-tune the playback speed for all
                       YouTube videos. I’m happy with the default speed of
                       1× for most videos (and music). However, I want to
                       speed up some channels without having to tweak the
                       speed dial every time. Enter Samuel Li’s Speed
                       Controller extension.


                       I tend to fine-tune the playback speed to somewhere
                       between 1,05× and 1,35×. By default, YouTube only
                       lets you increase the playback speed by increments
                       of 0,25×. This design decision has led to the
                       creation of hundreds of extensions for fine-tuning
                       and setting speeds other than the defaults.


                # ⚓ Citizix ☛ How_to_use_Terraform_to_manage_Confluent_Cloud
                  Clusters,_Topics_and_permissions⠀⇛


                       In this guide, we will learn how to use terraform
                       to launch Confluent Cloud resources such as
                       environments, clusters, topics and ACLs.


                       Confluent Cloud is a fully managed, cloud-native
                       service Kafka service provider for connecting and
                       processing all of your data, everywhere it’s
                       needed.


                # ⚓ How_to_install_Sublime_Text_4_Editor_on_Ubuntu_22.04_–
                  NextGenTips⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to
                       install the Sublime Text 4 code editor on Ubuntu
                       22.04.


                       A sublime Text editor is a shareware cross-platform
                       source code editor, it supports almost all the
                       programming languages.


                # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Deprecated_Linux_Commands_You_Should_Not_Use
                  Anymore_(And_Their_Alternatives)⠀⇛


                       
                       In this article, I am going to list a few such
                       Linux commands. You may still find a few of them in
                       your distribution. It’s possible that your
                       distribution is still providing it for backward
                       compatibility or has created a new implementation
                       underneath or plans to remove it in the newer
                       versions.


                       But it’s good to know them as an informed Linux
                       user. Here we go!


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Alternatives_to
                  Apple_Chess⠀⇛


                       
                       Apple Chess is a traditional chess game played on a
                       well rendered board with a set of realistic 3-
                       D pieces. It’s actually a Unix-based chess program,
                       Sjeng, that Apple packaged up in a new wrapper. It
                       supports chess variants such as crazyhouse and
                       losing chess.


                       The software is published under the Apple Sample
                       Code License. Apple Chess doesn’t run under Linux.
                       And there are far superior open source
                       alternatives. We recommend the following software.


    * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # ⚓ OpenSource.com ☛ Why_I_switched_from_Apple_Music_to
                  Jellyfin_and_Raspberry_Pi⠀⇛


                       
                       Whenever someone finds an open source solution, an
                       angel gets its wings. The irony is that I was
                       pushed into finding a non-proprietary solution by
                       one of the biggest closed source companies on the
                       planet. What I love most about the system I’ve
                       created is that I am in control of all aspects of
                       it, good and bad.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ ESP32_Camera_Slider_Build_Keeps_Things_In
                  Perspective⠀⇛


                       We’ve seen a lot of camera slider builds here at
                       Hackaday, and for good reason: having one really
                       lets you take your project documentation,
                       especially videos, to the next level. It’s one of
                       those force multiplier builds — after you’ve
                       completed it, it can help you make all your future
                       projects just that much better. But we’re also no
                       strangers to seeing these projects become overly
                       complex, which can often make it difficult for
                       others to replicate.


          o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Android Police ☛ BMW_is_switching_gears_from_Linux_to
                  Android_Automotive_next_year⠀⇛


                # ⚓ MyFitnessPal_app_crashing_or_not_opening_on_Android?_Here’s
                  how_to_fix_it⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Indian Express ☛ Tech_InDepth:_What_is_Android_Auto_and_how
                  can_you_use_it?_|_Technology_News,The_Indian_Express⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Hacker News ☛ Amazon_Quietly_Patches_‘High_Severity’
                  Vulnerability_in_Android_Photos_App⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Android Authority ☛ OnePlus_7_and_7T_finally_get_a_taste_of
                  Android_12_–_Android_Authority⠀⇛


                # ⚓ This_Android_Phone_Neither_Has_A_Camera_Nor_Supports_GPS
                  Navigation_–_Gizbot_News⠀⇛


    * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


          o § Licensing / Legal⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Open_source_body_quits_GitHub,_urges_you
                  to_do_the_same⠀⇛


                       The Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC), a non-
                       profit focused on free and open source software
                       (FOSS), said it has stopped using Microsoft’s
                       GitHub for project hosting – and is urging other
                       software developers to do the same.


                       In a blog post on Thursday, Denver Gingerich, SFC
                       FOSS license compliance engineer, and Bradley M.
                       Kuhn, SFC policy fellow, said GitHub has over the
                       past decade come to play a dominant role in FOSS
                       development by building an interface and social
                       features around Git, the widely used open source
                       version control software.


                       In so doing, they claim, the company has convinced
                       FOSS developers to contribute to the development of
                       a proprietary service that exploits FOSS.


                       “We are ending all our own uses of GitHub, and
                       announcing a long-term plan to assist FOSS projects
                       to migrate away from GitHub,” said Gingerich and
                       Kuhn.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ The Nation ☛ Vengeance⠀⇛


                 The Northman, a medieval nordic epic written and directed
                 by Robert Eggers, begins with a familiar setup: a young
                 prince loses his family and kingdom in an act of
                 fraternal betrayal. King Aurvandil (Ethan Hawke) is
                 assassinated by his brother, Fjölnir (Claes Bang), while
                 his young son Amleth watches; the young prince also sees
                 Fjölnir kidnap his mother, Gudrún (Nicole Kidman), as
                 part of a bloody coup to seize Aurvandil’s title and
                 land.


          o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Adding_Voluminous_Joy_To_A_DIY_Turbojet_With_A_DIY
            Afterburner⠀⇛


                 You don’t happen to own and operate your own turbojet
                 engine, do you? If you do, have you ever had the urge to
                 “kick the tires and light the fires”? Kicking tires
                 simply requires adding tires to your engine cart, but
                 what about lighting the fires? In the video below the
                 break, [Tech Ingredients] explains that we will require
                 some specialized hardware called a re-heater — also known
                 as an afterburner.


          o ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Peter_Lownds_Explains_How_and_Why_he_Translated
            the_Brazilian_Novel_Never-Ending_Youth⠀⇛


                 Let me clarify right away: the translator Peter Lownds is
                 a writer, poet, actor (he worked in Kramer versus Kramer,
                 for example), a youthful friend of Jack Kerouac. And a
                 thoroughly likable person, even from me. Eric A. Gordon
                 is a writer, editor, militant, and comrade, translator of
                 nine books of fiction by Alvaro Cunhal, who published
                 novels under the pseudonym Manuel Tiago. And as if such
                 references were not enough, Eric A. Gordon was the person
                 who made it possible for my novel to be published at
                 International Publishers.


                 In his interview with Peter Lownds, I cut out the
                 passages that speak directly about “Never-Ending Youth”.
                 Below.


          o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ The_Mystery_Of_Automatic_Lubricators_Is_Revealed⠀⇛


                 Industrial machines have all kinds of moving parts that
                 require regular lubrication in order to prevent wear and
                 damage. Historically, these would require regular visits
                 from maintenance personnel to keep them greased up and
                 slippery. Automatic lubricators eliminate that job by
                 regularly dosing machines with fresh grease, and [Big
                 Clive] decided to see what makes them tick.


          o ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ A.B._Yehoshua,_1936–2022⠀⇛


                 Yehoshua was one of my literary idols. When I lived in
                 New York City, I had seen him in action a few times: a
                 book reading, a lecture. The A.B. Yehoshua who appeared
                 on my computer screen—a startling thing for those of us
                 not entirely acclimated to Zoom–was visibly ill and had
                 aged dramatically. Shortly before my interview, I had
                 viewed The Last Chapter of A.B. Yehoshua, Yair Qedar’s
                 superlative documentary. Much of the film’s contents were
                 stark: Yehoshua was in failing health. His wife had died,
                 ending a decades-long marriage. (Strangely enough, the
                 plot of Molkho—his novel published in the United States
                 in 1989 under the title Five Seasons—hinges on the
                 protagonist’s newfound status as widower.) And with the
                 loss of his close friend and colleague, Amos Oz, he was
                 more than aware that his literary cohort was passing from
                 the scene.


                 Yehoshua couldn’t have been more gracious during our
                 meeting. Voluble and expressive in English, a language
                 very much not his own, he immediately set the agenda for
                 our talk, as befitted someone used to expounding and
                 having his words treated with a great deal of gravitas.
                 But, of course, I had come to listen.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Math_Based_Personality_For_Games⠀⇛


                       We make no apologies for being hardware focused
                       here at Hackaday, but that doesn’t mean we aren’t
                       occasionally impressed by a particularly inspired
                       feat of bit wrangling. For example, [t3ssel8r] has
                       taken a break from his game to discuss his
                       procedural animation system and the beautiful math
                       behind it.


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ LCD_Screen_Windows_Are_This_Summer’s_Hottest
                  Case_Mod⠀⇛


                       Case modding took off in the late 90s, and taught
                       us all that computers could (and should!) look
                       awesome. Much of the aesthetic went mainstream, and
                       now tons of computer cases come with lights and
                       windows and all the rest. [WysWyg_Protogen]
                       realized those simple case windows could be way
                       cooler with a neat LCD hack, and set to work.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ DIY_Airless_Tires_Work_Surprisingly_Well⠀⇛


                       Airless tires have been “a few years away” from
                       production for decades now. They’re one of the
                       automotive version of vaporware (at least those
                       meant for passenger vehicles), always on the cusp
                       of being produced but somehow never materializing.
                       They have a number of perks over traditional air-
                       filled tires in that they are immune to flats and
                       punctures, and since there aren’t any airless tires
                       available at the local tire shop, [Driven Media]
                       decided to make and test their own.


                # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ It’s_RAID._With_Floppy_Drives.⠀⇛


                       There are some tings that should be possible, so
                       just have to be tried. [Action Retro] has a great
                       video showing just such an escapade, the creation
                       of a large RAID 0 array using a pile of USB floppy
                       drives. Yes, taking one of the smallest and most
                       unreliable pieces of data storage media and
                       combining a load of them together such that all the
                       data is lost if just one of them fails.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Flint_Residents_Outraged_as_Charges_Dropped
                  in_Deadly_Water_Scandal_That_Poisoned_Majority-Black_City⠀⇛


                       Eight years after the deadly Flint water crisis
                       began, the state’s Supreme Court has thrown out
                       charges against former Governor Rick Snyder and
                       eight other former officials for their complicity
                       in the public health emergency. Snyder’s
                       administration made the decision to switch the
                       city’s water source from the Detroit system to the
                       Flint River as a cost-saving measure and then
                       failed to protect residents from the resulting lead
                       and bacterial poisoning in the majority-Black city.
                       “It really feels like justice is becoming an
                       illusion for Flint residents,” says Nayyirah
                       Shariff, director of Flint Rising. “No one is being
                       held accountable, no one is seeing justice, no one
                       is seeing reparations in Flint,” adds her fellow
                       activist and Flint resident, Melissa Mays.
                       Democracy Now! first spoke to the two organizers in
                       2016 in our documentary, “Thirsty for Democracy:
                       The Poisoning of an American City.”


          o § Security⠀➾


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Italian_Exploit_Developer_Follows_Hacking_Team’s
                  Lead,_Sells_Powerful_Spyware_To_Human_Rights_Violators⠀⇛


                       Italian malware developer Hacking Team began making
                       headlines in 2014. Infections uncovered by
                       researchers at Toronto’s Citizen Lab and Russia’s
                       Kaspersky Lab were traced back to servers located
                       in the United States, Canada, UK, and Ecuador. The
                       US servers topped the list. The second place
                       finisher, however, was Kazakhstan.


                # ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ 5_years_on_OSS-Fuzz⠀⇛


                       On July 1st 2017, exactly five years ago today, the
                       OSS-Fuzz project “adopted” curl into their program
                       and started running fuzz tests against it.


                       OSS-Fuzz is a project run by Google and they do
                       fuzzing on a large amount of open source projects:
                       OSS-Fuzz aims to make common open source software
                       more secure and stable by combining modern fuzzing
                       techniques with scalable, distributed execution.


                       That initial adoption of curl into OSS-Fuzz was
                       done entirely by Google themselves and its fuzzing
                       integration was rough and not ideal but it
                       certainly got the ball rolling.


                       Later in in the fall of 2017, Max Dymond stepped up
                       and seriously improved the curl-fuzzer so that it
                       would better test protocols and libcurl options
                       deeper and to a higher degree. (Max subsequently
                       got a grant from Google for his work.)


                # ⚓ Why_End-of-Life_Isn’t_the_End_of_the_Road_for_Your
                  Software⠀⇛


                       If you are using software or operating systems in
                       your business that are at the fourth stage of the
                       life cycle phase, you may not be able update them
                       as the manufacturer stops releasing security
                       patches. But you’ll still need support. If you’re a
                       CentOS user facing CentOS 7 EOL, you can still find
                       support and security for the products that have an
                       end-of-life date of 2024.


                       Firms such as TuxCare are helping Linux users with
                       issues in security, stability, and support.


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ EFF ☛ EFF_to_File_Amicus_Brief_in_First_U.S._Case
                        Challenging_Dragnet_Keyword_Warrant⠀⇛


                             The answer is no. And in an amicus brief EFF
                             intends to file today in Colorado, we explain
                             why these searches are totally incompatible
                             with constitutional protections for privacy
                             and freedom of speech and expression.


                             The case is People v. Seymour, and it is
                             perhaps the first U.S. case to address the
                             constitutionality of a keyword warrant. The
                             case involves a tragic home arson in which
                             several people died. Police didn’t have a
                             suspect, so they used a keyword warrant to
                             ask Google for identifying information on
                             anyone and everyone who searched for
                             variations on the home’s street address in
                             the two weeks prior to the arson.


                             Like geofence warrants, keyword warrants cast
                             a dragnet that requires a provider to search
                             its entire reserve of user data—in this case
                             queries by more than one billion Google
                             users. As in this case, the police generally
                             have no identified suspects when they obtain
                             a keyword search warrant. Instead, the sole
                             basis for the warrant is the officer’s hunch
                             that the suspect might have searched for
                             something in some way related to the crime.


                      # ⚓ EFF ☛ Should_You_Really_Delete_Your_Period_Tracking
                        App?⠀⇛


                             So, should you delete your period tracking
                             app? The short answer is: not necessarily.
                             You may want to review your choice of app,
                             along with other digital practices depending
                             on what kinds of privacy invasions and
                             threats you are most concerned about.
                             Abortion seekers face much more urgent
                             threats right now, and period tracking apps
                             are not at the top of the list of immediate
                             concerns. In the meantime, the companies
                             behind period tracker apps have some serious
                             shaping up to do, and legislators must move
                             forward common-sense privacy legislation to
                             protect not only health-related data but the
                             full range of consumer data that could be
                             weaponized against abortion seekers.


                             Right now, the most common scenario in which
                             people are criminalized for their pregnancy
                             outcomes is when a third party—like hospital
                             staff, a partner, family member, or someone
                             else they trust—turns them in to law
                             enforcement, who may pressure them into a
                             device search. The most common types of
                             evidence used in the resulting investigations
                             are text messages, emails, browser search
                             histories, and other information that could
                             straightforwardly point to someone’s
                             intention to seek an abortion. This type of
                             criminalization is nothing new, and it has
                             disproportionately affected people of color
                             and people dependent on state resources.


                             With that immediate scenario in mind, think
                             carefully about who you trust with
                             information about your pregnancy. Use end-to-
                             end encrypted messengers with disappearing
                             messages turned on whenever possible. This
                             functionality is available on both WhatsApp
                             and Signal, and we have step-by-step guides
                             for how to turn it on for Signal on iOS and
                             Android. Refer to our security tips for
                             people seeking an abortion and Surveillance
                             Self-Defense guides for the abortion movement
                             for information about other privacy
                             considerations and steps.


                      # ⚓ EFF ☛ Digital_Rights_Updates_with_EFFector_34.4⠀⇛


                             Make sure you never miss an issue by signing
                             up by email to receive EFFector as soon as
                             it’s posted! Since 1990 EFF has published
                             EFFector to help keep readers on the bleeding
                             edge of their digital rights. We know that
                             the intersection of technology, civil
                             liberties, human rights, and the law can be
                             complicated, so EFFector is a great way to
                             stay on top of things. The newsletter is
                             chock full of links to updates,
                             announcements, blog posts, and other stories
                             to help keep readers—and listeners—up to date
                             on the movement to protect online privacy and
                             free expression. 


                      # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ FCC’s_Carr_Once_Again_Heads_To_The
                        Fainting_Couch_Over_TikTok⠀⇛


                             A week or two ago we noted how there was a
                             mass panic because TikTok was found to be
                             sharing U.S. user data with executives at the
                             company’s Chinese parent company, ByteDance.
                             This was in stark contrast to the strict,
                             U.S.-based data management controls the
                             company claimed to be implementing, and, to
                             be clear, was not a good thing.


                      # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ The_Future_Of_Policing_In_China_Is
                        Pervasive,_Surveillance-Driven_Law_Enforcement_Crystal
                        Balls⠀⇛


                             China is choked by surveillance. It’s
                             everywhere and it touches every aspect of its
                             citizens’ lives. The government uses it to
                             stifle dissent, control the population, and
                             persecute undesirables.


                      # ⚓ Wired ☛ ‘Supercookies’_Have_Privacy_Experts_Sounding
                        the_Alarm⠀⇛


                             CUSTOMERS OF SOME phone companies in Germany,
                             including Vodafone and Deutsche Telekom, have
                             had a slightly different browsing experience
                             from those on other providers since early
                             April. Rather than seeing ads through regular
                             third-party tracking cookies stored on
                             devices, they’ve been part of a trial called
                             TrustPid.


                             TrustPid allows mobile carriers to generate
                             pseudo-anonymous tokens based on a user’s IP
                             address that are administered by a company
                             also named TrustPid. Each user is assigned a
                             different token for each participating
                             website they visit, and these can be used to
                             provide personalized product
                             recommendations—but in what TrustPid calls “a
                             secure and privacy-friendly way.” It’s that
                             “privacy-friendly” part that has raised
                             critics’ hackles.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Recurring_Nightmare_of_America’s
                  Political_Tradition⠀⇛


                       Analyzing the coups that brought to dictatorial
                       power Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799 and Louis-Napoleon
                       Bonaparte in 1851, Karl Marx made this critically
                       relevant remark: “The tradition of all dead
                       generations weighs like a nightmare on the brains
                       of the living.” We are now confronting a nightmare
                       bequeathed to us from the past – a past informed by
                       the politics of a slave republic. Indeed, this dead
                       weight is about to crush any remaining pretences of
                       a democracy based on majority rule.


                       Of course, the framers of the US Constitution were
                       both fearful of democracy and wedded to white
                       supremacy. These two overlapping orientations were
                       evident not only in the foundational documents of
                       the new nation, but also bred into the political
                       institutions and traditions that haunt us even
                       today. While the reactionary Republican Party has
                       created even more of a nightmare in contemporary US
                       politics through their manipulation of these
                       institutions, the inability and even unwillingness
                       of the Democratic Party to challenge inherent
                       inequities and antidemocratic nature of these
                       political institutions and traditions only
                       reinforces the dead weight of the past.


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Jan._6_Committee_Subpoenas_Pat_Cipollone,_Former
                  Trump_White_House_Counsel⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Starry_night_Ukrainian_photographer_Pavlo
                  Pakhomenko_captures_the_Milky_Way_over_war-torn_Kharkiv⠀⇛


                       Since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion,
                       Kharkiv has been one of the hardest hit cities in
                       Ukraine. Due to regular airstrikes and its
                       proximity to the frontline, blackouts and a nightly
                       curfew have been in effect for months. The
                       authorities have asked residents to avoid turning
                       on the lights in their apartments and the city’s
                       streets are no longer lit. As a result, on a clear
                       night, you can see thousands of stars over the city
                       — and even the Milky Way. Seizing on the
                       opportunity, photographer and astronomy fan Pavlo
                       Pakhomenko captured remarkable snapshots of night-
                       time Kharkiv without light pollution. With the
                       author’s permission, Meduza shares his photos here.


                # ⚓ Meduza ☛ According_to_Russia’s_press_releases,_they’ve
                  destroyed_more_military_hardware_than_Ukraine_ever_had
                  Proekt’s_journalists_analyzed_the_Russian_Defense_Ministry’s
                  reports⠀⇛


                       Journalists from the investigative news site Proekt
                       have analyzed all of the statements made by Russian
                       Defense Ministry representative Igor Konashenkov
                       since the start of the war. They found a number of
                       inconsistencies — specifically regarding the order
                       in which Russia captured Ukrainian territories and
                       the amount of Ukrainian equipment Russia claims to
                       have destroyed.


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Beijing_Slams_NATO_for_‘Maliciously…
                  Smearing’_China_as_a_Security_Threat⠀⇛


                       Beijing criticized the North Atlantic Treaty
                       Organization on Thursday after the U.S.-led
                       military alliance asserted that China poses
                       “serious challenges” to global stability.


                       NATO listed China as one of its priorities in the
                       so-called 2022 Strategic Concept that leaders
                       approved Wednesday at a summit in Madrid. This
                       marked a first, as the alliance’s previous
                       blueprint, published in 2010, made no mention of
                       the East Asian country.


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Armed_to_the_Teeth,_America_Has
                  an_Anger_Problem⠀⇛


                       Increasingly, it seems, Americans have an anger
                       problem. All too many of us now have the urge to
                       use name-calling, violent social-media posts,
                       threats, baseball bats, and guns to do what we once
                       did with persuasion and voting. For example, during
                       the year after Donald Trump entered the Oval
                       Office, threats of violence or even death against
                       lawmakers of both parties increased more than
                       fourfold. And too often, the call to violence seems
                       to come from the top. Recently, defendants in cases
                       involving extremist violence have claimed that an
                       elected leader or pundit “told” them to do it. In a
                       country where a sitting president would lunge at
                       his own security detail in rage, I guess this isn’t
                       so surprising anymore. Emotion rules the American
                       political scene and so many now tend to shoot from
                       the hip without even knowing why.


                # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Anatol_Lieven_on_NATO_Expansion_&_What_a
                  Ukraine_Peace_Settlement_Could_Look_Like⠀⇛


                       The United States announced at a NATO summit in
                       Madrid plans to build a permanent military base in
                       Poland, as it formally invited Sweden and Finland
                       to join the military alliance after they applied
                       for membership in response to the Russian invasion
                       of Ukraine. We look at the impact of prolonged U.S.
                       military presence in Europe and the overemphasis on
                       Russia or China as enemies to the West at a time
                       when threats to Western liberal democracy seem to
                       be primarily internal. The Quincy Institute’s
                       Anatol Lieven also discusses possibilities for a
                       peace settlement to end the war in Ukraine. “It’s
                       quite impossible now for Russia to win a total
                       victory in Ukraine, but it does also look very
                       unlikely that Ukraine will be able to win a total
                       military victory over Russia,” says Lieven. “We’re
                       going to end up with some sort of compromise.”


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ NATO_and_Russia_Both_Aim_to_Fail⠀⇛


                       Whichever side you’re on, you


                       * agree with weapons-maker propaganda that the
                       available actions in the world are (1) war, and (2)
                       doing nothing;


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ NATO_Knew_Terrorists_Would_Gain_from_Toppling
                  Gaddafi⠀⇛


                       David Cameron kept bombing Colonel Gaddafi’s forces
                       in Libya after the UK military realised a banned
                       terrorist group stood to gain from regime change.


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ The_United_States_Extends_Its_Military_Reach
                  Into_Zambia⠀⇛


                       Vijay Prashad speaks with Dr. Fred M’membe of the
                       Socialist Party about the reach and impact of the
                       United States Africa Command in Zambia.


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ RIMPAC_Naval_Exercises,_the_Philippines_and
                  War_on_China⠀⇛


                       One contingent in these war games will stand out: a
                       lone frigate bearing the name of Antonio Luna, the
                       firebrand Philippine revolutionary army general who
                       led the military resistance against invading US
                       troops during the Philippine-American War. This
                       warship will represent the present-day Philippine
                       armed forces, now allied with, trained, and funded
                       by its former military foe.


                       Such a paradox, however, does not seem out-of-place
                       in an event such as RIMPAC, whose stated goal is to
                       ensure “the safety of sea lanes and security on the
                       world’s interconnected oceans” by flexing America’s
                       war muscle, intimidating rivals, and reaffirming
                       the subservience of vassal states, particularly the
                       Philippines.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ US_Supreme_Court_Drops_Carbon_Bomb_on_the
                  Planet⠀⇛


                       The U.S. Supreme Court’s right-wing majority handed
                       down a decision Thursday that will severely limit
                       the Environmental Protection Agency’s authority to
                       regulate planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions
                       from power plants, undermining the federal
                       government’s ability to combat the climate
                       emergency.


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Biden_Urged_to_Take_Emergency_Action_After
                  ‘Disastrous’_Climate_Ruling_by_Supreme_Court⠀⇛


                       Progressive lawmakers and activists are demanding
                       an emergency response from the Biden administration
                       and congressional Democrats following Thursday’s 6-
                       3 ruling in West Virginia v. Environmental
                       Protection Agency.


                       “The Supreme Court will not stand in the way of the
                       fight for a livable planet.”


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_The_Fighting_Soul:_On_the_Road
                  With_Bernie_Sanders⠀⇛


                       The defining moment of The Fighting Soul, Ari
                       Rabin-Havt’s telling of the 2020 Bernie Sanders
                       presidential campaign, comes but four pages into
                       the preface, with Sanders in an ambulance, having
                       just suffered what will be determined to have been
                       a heart attack. As the then deputy campaign manager
                       is thinking, “There is no way our campaign survives
                       this,”the candidate is asking the EMTs in the
                       ambulance about their job—”Did they have health
                       insurance? How did they view health care in this
                       country?” Never off message!


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Supreme_Court_Curbs_EPA’s_Power_to_Limit
                  Climate-Warming_Emissions⠀⇛


                # § Energy⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Lawsuit_Challenges_Biden’s_Resumption
                        of_Oil,_Gas_Leasing_on_Public_Lands⠀⇛


                             Climate and conservation groups filed a
                             lawsuit today challenging the Biden
                             administration’s resumption of oil and gas
                             leasing on public lands, the first auction
                             since the president paused leasing shortly
                             after taking office.


                             The lawsuit challenges the Department of the
                             Interior and U.S. Bureau of Land Management’s
                             (BLM) approval of today’s oil and gas lease
                             sales in Montana, North Dakota, Nevada and
                             Utah. These lease auctions will be
                             immediately followed by sales in Colorado,
                             New Mexico and Oklahoma and Wyoming.
                             Collectively, these sales will open more than
                             140,000 acres of public land to fossil-fuel
                             production.


                      # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Expanding_US_LNG_Exports
                        Would_Be_Planetary_Disaster⠀⇛


                             Should the US approve 25 proposed liquefied
                             methane gas—often referred to as LNG—export
                             terminal projects, we could see an additional
                             90 million tons of greenhouse gasses (GHG)
                             released into the atmosphere per year,
                             according to a recent analysis by the
                             Environmental Integrity Project (EIP). EIP
                             says, “That’s as much climate-warming
                             pollution as from about 18 million gasoline-
                             powered passenger vehicles running for a
                             year—more than from all the cars and trucks
                             in Florida or New York State.”


                      # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_We_Don’t_Need_Magic
                        Technologies_for_Renewable_Energy_Transformation⠀⇛


                             The world is experiencing unprecedented fuel
                             price increases, energy blackmail between
                             countries, up to 7 million air pollution
                             deaths per year worldwide and one climate-
                             related disaster after another. Critics
                             contend that a switch to renewable energy to
                             solve these problems will create unstable
                             electricity grids and drive prices up
                             further. However, a new study from my
                             research group at Stanford University
                             concludes that these problems can be solved
                             in each of the 145 countries we
                             examined—without blackouts and at low cost
                             using almost all existing technologies.


                      # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Critics_Say_Biden_Drilling_Bonanza
                        ‘Won’t_Lower_Gas_Prices’_But_‘Will_Worsen_Climate
                        Crisis’⠀⇛


                             As the U.S. Department of Interior this week
                             resumed lease sales for fossil fuel
                             extraction on public lands in several Western
                             states following a year-and-a-half-long pause
                             on onshore auctions, progressive critics
                             warned Thursday that increasing oil and gas
                             drilling will exacerbate the climate
                             emergency while doing nothing to ease pain at
                             the pump for millions of Americans.


                             “The more public lands sacrificed to Big Oil,
                             the more economic damage, death, and
                             destruction are baked into our future.”


                      # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Markey,_Bowman_Join_Climate_Coalition
                        in_Urging_SCOTUS_Expansion⠀⇛


                             A coalition of climate campaigners and
                             progressive congressional allies on Thursday
                             responded to a U.S. Supreme Court ruling that
                             drastically limited the government’s
                             authority to reduce greenhouse emissions by
                             urging Congress to expand the high court from
                             nine to 13 justices.


                             “Congress must act—not just by passing
                             critical climate justice legislation, but by
                             also addressing the six existential threats
                             in judicial robes who brought us this
                             appalling decision.”


                      # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Angry_Crypto_Firm_Posts_Weird_Cease_&
                        Desist_Letter_To_Its_Own_Blog;_DMs_It_To_Critics⠀⇛


                             You know things are going just great in
                             crypto-land when a cryptocurrency company has
                             to post a vague cease-and-desist letter to
                             its own blog. Everything about this is
                             bizarre, but it culminated in this very
                             strange cease-and-desist blog post by Nexo.


                # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Does_The_Amazon_Now_Have_a_Shot_at
                        Survival?⠀⇛


                             The Amazon rainforest, our scientists tell
                             us, essentially works as our world’s lungs.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Is_Universal_Basic_Income_Part_of_a_Just
                  Transition?⠀⇛


                       The results were startling, including a significant
                       drop in hospitalizations and an improvement in high
                       school graduation rates. After four years, however,
                       money for the experiment dried up, and this early
                       example of universal basic income (UBI) was nearly
                       forgotten.


                       Today, such UBI projects have become more
                       commonplace. In the U.S. presidential race in 2020,
                       Andrew Yang made his “freedom dividend” of $1,000 a
                       month a centerpiece of his political campaign.
                       Several pilot projects are up and running in
                       California. In fact, at least 28 U.S. cities
                       currently give out no-strings-attached cash on a
                       regular basis (since the recipients are all low-
                       income, these programs aren’t technically
                       “universal”). In other countries, too, basic income
                       projects have become more popular, including a new
                       citizen’s basic income project in the Brazilian
                       city of Maricá. Basic income programs were in
                       place, briefly, in both Mongolia and Iran. Civil
                       society organizations like the Latin American
                       Network for Basic Income have pushed for change
                       from below.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_First_Attack_on_the_Independents:
                  Albanese_Hobbles_the_Crossbench⠀⇛


                       The decision, delivered with an arrogant casualness
                       before another international sojourn by Prime
                       Minister Anthony Albanese, centered on the staffing
                       arrangements for the newly elected independent
                       members of parliament. Prior to getting on a plane,
                       Albanese sent a letter to independent members
                       promising to cut the staffing allocation for
                       crossbench MPs and Senators from eight to five
                       each. Of the five would also be one advisor, down
                       from four in the previous Morrison government.


                       On the surface, the government did not see it as
                       problematic, because those in government tend to
                       see the absurd as entirely normal. Albanese himself
                       was found defending a series of spurious positions,
                       citing “fairness and equity” and lack of
                       sustainability. In a classic conceptual
                       misunderstanding, the Prime Minister seemed to
                       think that a government backbencher was somehow
                       equivalent to an independent representative. It was
                       not fair, for instance, that the independent MP
                       Zali Steggall “should have double the
                       representation in terms of staff of electorates in
                       the same region.”


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Democrats_Lose_Senate_Majority_as_82-Year-
                  Old_Leahy_Heads_for_Hip_Surgery⠀⇛


                       The Democrats in the U.S. Senate have at least
                       temporarily lost their slim-as-could-be majority as
                       Sen. Patrick Leahy of Vermont heads into surgery
                       Thursday after suffering a broken hip.


                       A statement from Leahy’s office said the 82-year-
                       old lawmaker “will undergo surgery to repair a
                       broken hip that he suffered as a result from a fall
                       at his house in McLean, Virginia, Wednesday night.”


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Democrats_Temporarily_Lose_Senate_Majority_as
                  Leahy_Heads_for_Hip_Surgery⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Supreme_Court_Says_Biden_Can_End_‘Shameful’
                  Remain_in_Mexico_Asylum_Policy⠀⇛


                       Immigrant rights advocates on Thursday welcomed the
                       U.S. Supreme Court’s rejection of a challenge to
                       the Biden administration’s move to end a Trump-era
                       program under which asylum-seekers arriving at the
                       southwestern border are forced to remain in Mexico
                       while their cases are decided.


                       “This is a bittersweet victory after so many lives
                       have been lost to atrocious immigration deterrence
                       policies.”


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Now_We’re_Talking!’_Says_AOC_as_Biden
                  Backs_Filibuster_Carveout_for_Abortion_Rights⠀⇛


                       Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez applauded President
                       Joe Biden’s endorsement Thursday of a filibuster
                       carveout for legislation to codify abortion rights
                       into federal law, but stressed that much more
                       action is needed from the administration as the
                       Supreme Court and Republican legislatures trample
                       basic constitutional freedoms.


                       “Now we’re talking!” the New York Democrat tweeted
                       in response to Biden’s remarks to reporters. “Time
                       for people to see a real, forceful push for it. Use
                       the bully pulpit. We need more.”


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Grave_Warnings_as_Supreme_Court_Agrees_to
                  Hear_Case_That_Threatens_‘Future_of_Voting_Rights’⠀⇛


                       As SCOTUS-watchers scrambled to stay abreast of a
                       rush of rulings affecting climate, immigration,
                       Indigenous rights, and other policy areas, the
                       nation’s highest court on Thursday said it would
                       hear oral arguments this October in a case
                       involving a controversial legal theory that one
                       advocacy group says is “threatening the future of
                       voting rights.”


                       “Today’s news from the U.S. Supreme Court makes one
                       thing clear: This fall, the future of multiracial
                       democracy is at stake.”


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Trump_Doesn’t_Want_To_Get_Back_On_Twitter_So
                  Badly,_He’s_Appealing_His_Case_To_Get_Back_On_Twitter⠀⇛


                       In April, Donald Trump insisted he had no interest
                       whatsoever in getting back on Twitter (in response
                       to questions about whether or not Elon Musk would
                       allow him back, should he ever close his Twitter
                       purchase). In May, Donald Trump lost his lawsuit
                       trying to force Twitter to reinstate him. In June,
                       Donald Trump (who again, insists he wouldn’t even
                       go back to Twitter if he were allowed to) decided
                       to appeal the loss in his lawsuit in order to try
                       to force Twitter to reinstate him.


                # ⚓ Rest of World ☛ Argentina’s_Supreme_Court_backs_Google,
                  says_“right_to_be_forgotten”_can_infringe_on_freedom_of
                  information⠀⇛


                       The court said that content involving Natalia
                       Denegri, a former socialite trapped in the orbit of
                       football superstar Diego Maradona, fell within the
                       public interest.


                       The Argentine Supreme Court denied celebrity
                       Natalia Denegri’s petition to have content about a
                       scandal she was involved in more than 25 years ago
                       removed from search engines on Tuesday. It is the
                       first ruling by a Supreme Court in Latin America on
                       the “right to be forgotten,” which allows the
                       public to control their online history.


                       The decision comes three months after the court
                       listened to arguments about the right to privacy
                       made by Natalia Denegri, and those about freedom of
                       information made by Google. The current case
                       escalated to the highest court after Google
                       previously appealed a ruling in March, after the
                       Buenos Aires Court of Appeals ordered the company
                       to comply with Denegri’s request.


                       Denegri, a former socialite trapped in the orbit of
                       football superstar Diego Maradona in the late 90s,
                       wanted news articles and YouTube videos removed
                       from search engines concerning a scandal that
                       happened when she was 20. Denegri approached Google
                       in 2016 with a list of 22 links she wanted taken
                       down in Argentina. She was not only a public figure
                       at the time, but the scandal involved a high-
                       profile corruption case, including the involvement
                       of one of Argentina’s top judges. The Court of
                       Appeals ruled that links to the corruption case
                       would be exempt, while the Supreme Court found that
                       all of the links would be exempt.


                # ⚓ Rest of World ☛ A_million-strong_troll_army_is_targeting
                  Iran’s_#MeToo_activists_on_Instagram_–_Rest_of_World⠀⇛


                       More than one million bots have flooded the
                       Instagram accounts of prominent Iranian feminist
                       activists, in a coordinated harassment campaign
                       that started mid-April, according to a new report
                       released by Qurium, a digital forensics nonprofit.
                       Almost all the activist accounts are connected to
                       Iran’s #MeToo movement, which rose to the fore of
                       the national conversation in March, after several
                       accusations of sexual harassment and assault in the
                       Iranian film industry made headlines. A number of
                       the accounts have been posting content about sexual
                       abuse allegations in the country over the past few
                       months.


                       Account holders impacted by the campaign told Rest
                       of World that the deluge of notifications from bots
                       makes it incredibly challenging for them to see
                       comments and DMs from their core audience, making
                       it difficult to accept requests from genuine
                       followers after the holders went private and to
                       focus on their own political work and content.
                       “There is someone who wants to silence you, and I
                       can’t stop thinking about, Who can that be? Why are
                       they here? What do they want to do? What are these
                       bots?” Samaneh Savadi, a prominent Iranian gender
                       equality activist based in the U.K, who has been
                       active in the #MeToo movement, told Rest of World.
                       “It’s that feeling of an invisible enemy. Someone
                       wants to attack me, but I can’t see it; I can’t
                       name and shame it, and therefore, I can’t have a
                       strategy to defend myself.”


          o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Philippines_Orders_Critical_News_Organization,
                  Rappler,_Shut_Down;_Just_As_Rappler’s_Founder_Argues_Against
                  Free_Speech⠀⇛


                       We’ve written about Rappler, the very successful
                       Filipino investigative news organization founded by
                       reporter Maria Ressa, multiple times over the past
                       few years. Rappler was very critical of the Rodrigo
                       Duterte administration, but it’s reporting was
                       solid. Back in 2018, the Filipino SEC announced
                       that it was going to shut down Rappler, in a move
                       that was clearly political retaliation for
                       Rappler’s reporting.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Justice_Department_Pressured_USA_Today
                  to_Stop_Publishing_Me⠀⇛


                       Fallon caterwauled that I had “authored pieces in
                       various places criticizing [Holder] on civil
                       liberties, relations with law enforcement, civil
                       asset forfeiture and media subpoenas. In the past,
                       Bovard even has articulated a conspiracy theory
                       involving Mr. Holder and the incident at Waco in
                       the 1990s.” (Waco was only “the incident… in the
                       1990s”? No wonder Fallon loathed me.) Fallon
                       groused, “I don’t understand why USA Today would
                       provide a platform on repeated occasions for his
                       Holder bashing.”


                       Mastio never flinched. He replied,  “As an opinion
                       section, much of what we publish is written by
                       writers with agendas…. Just as our door is open to
                       writers who want to say nasty things about the
                       attorney general, our door is wide open to the
                       attorney general when he wants to write about the
                       top issues of the day.”  Mastio also declared, “The
                       guarantor of balance in the opinion section is that
                       we are open to a wide variety of views.”


                # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ ACLU’s_David_Cole:_Supreme_Court
                  Conservatives_Imposing_“Truly_Radical_Ideology”_on_U.S.
                  Population⠀⇛


                       As the Supreme Court ends its term, Justice Stephen
                       Breyer is officially retiring, and Judge Ketanji
                       Brown Jackson takes his place as the country’s
                       first Black woman justice, joining a court
                       dominated by conservatives. We speak to ACLU
                       national legal director David Cole about what can
                       be done in the face of lifetime judicial
                       appointments to the nation’s highest court who
                       often rule counter to majority opinion in the
                       country. “This is a radical court that is intruding
                       upon our liberties,” says Cole. “It’s doing it all
                       in the name of a commitment to a historic vision of
                       the Constitution as it was drafted, when it was
                       drafted, and imposing that on the American people,
                       notwithstanding the fact that two centuries have
                       intervened and circumstances are dramatically
                       different today.”


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Chomsky:_Overturn_of_“Roe”_Shows_How_Extreme_an
                  Outlier_the_US_Has_Become⠀⇛


                # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Misogyny,_Theocracy_and_Other_Missing_Issues_in
                  Post-Roe_Coverage⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Unshackle_the_Women_Forced_to
                  Give_Birth_in_Chains⠀⇛


                       “The inescapable conclusion is that a right to
                       abortion is not deeply rooted in the Nation’s
                       history and traditions. On the contrary, an
                       unbroken tradition of prohibiting abortion on pain
                       of criminal punishment persisted from the earliest
                       days of the common law until 1973.”


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ ‘Massive_Betrayal’:_Biden_Cuts_Deal_With
                  McConnell_to_Nominate_Anti-Abortion_Judge⠀⇛


                       President Joe Biden has reportedly struck a deal
                       with Republican Senate Minority Leader Mitch
                       McConnell to nominate an anti-abortion lawyer to a
                       lifetime federal judgeship in Kentucky, news that
                       comes less than a week after the U.S. Supreme Court
                       ended the constitutional right to abortion.


                       “Lifetime appointments to federal courts for people
                       with records like Chad Meredith are unacceptable.”


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_The_People_Must_Create_a_New
                  America⠀⇛


                       When I was in my early 20s and naïve, and I would
                       lament petty things to my mother, she would say,
                       “Why don’t you go back and live in Iran for two
                       years, and then let me hear you complain.” It was
                       her attempt to tell me, harshly but lovingly, that
                       we had it good because everything in America was
                       better than the restrictions we had left behind in
                       Iran, especially as women. 


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Who’s_Murdering_Immigrants?_It’s_No
                  Mystery⠀⇛


                       US Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas
                       pronounces himself “heartbroken,” but doesn’t seem
                       inclined to apologize for the “unprecedented”
                       operation he launched less than three weeks ago in
                       “an all-of-government effort to attack the
                       smuggling organizations.” As of that time, DHS
                       bragged, nearly 2,000 smugglers had been arrested
                       in the previous eight weeks.


                       Texas governor Greg Abbott declares that “these
                       deaths are on [US president Joe] Biden” — not
                       because Biden is ultimately responsible for the
                       “unprecedented operation” leading directly to
                       outcomes like this, but because (in Abbott’s vivid
                       imagination, anyway) Biden pursues “open border”
                       policies.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Record ☛ Sudan_government_shuts_off_internet_ahead_of
                  anti-coup_protest⠀⇛


                       Sudan’s government has shut off the internet across
                       the country ahead of massive protests organized to
                       pressure the military into handing power back to
                       civilian leaders.


                       Several organizations monitoring internet access
                       across the world confirmed that the internet was
                       severely limited on Thursday morning.


                       Alp Toker, director of NetBlocks, told The Record
                       that a shutdown order was circulated on Wednesday
                       in anticipation of demonstrations and by Thursday
                       morning, the organization was registering
                       disruptions in connectivity.


                       The shutdowns were in full force by 8 am local time
                       on Thursday, Toker said.


                       “[This] has become standard procedure by the post-
                       coup authorities in anticipation of demonstration
                       days — the procedure is straight out of the
                       authoritarian playbook,” Toker explained.


                       “The shutdown has nation-scale impact and covers
                       both fixed-line and cellular services. While impact
                       isn’t total, the vast majority of users have been
                       sent offline.”


                # ⚓ The Washington Post ☛ Industry_says_new_Indian_cyber_regs
                  go_way_too_far⠀⇛


    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ ABCJKTO_Wordo:_BROKE⠀⇛


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3002

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ Links_01/07/2022:_Nitrux_2.2.1_and_Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_Chatter⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 3:54 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Kernel_Space
          o Games
    * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems
          o New_Releases
          o BSD
          o Open_Hardware/Modding
    * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software
          o Programming/Development
    * Leftovers
          o Education
          o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
          o Security
                # Privacy/Surveillance
                # Confidentiality
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Environment
                # Energy
          o Finance
          o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
          o Civil_Rights/Policing
          o Monopolies
                # Copyrights
    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Technical
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ uni Toronto ☛ Notes_on_the_Linux_kernel’s_‘pressure_stall
                  information’_and_its_meanings⠀⇛


                       As we increasingly move to Ubuntu 22.04, enough of
                       our machines now have the Linux kernel’s somewhat
                       new Pressure Stall Information (also) that I’ve
                       been investigating adding PSI information to our
                       per-host dashboards in our metrics setup. In the
                       process I realized that I didn’t understand the PSI
                       information as well as I needed to, so here are
                       some notes.


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Anti-cheat_work_on_Warhammer:_Vermintide_2
                  for_Steam_Deck_&_Linux_‘on_hold’⠀⇛


                       While it’s supposed to be relatively easy for games
                       with anti-cheat like BattlEye and Easy Anti-Cheat
                       to get working on Linux and Steam Deck, some
                       developers are having issues like Fatshark with
                       Warhammer: Vermintide 2.


                # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Proton_Experimental_sees_fixes_for_Persona
                  4_Golden,_Final_Fantasy_XIV,_Black_Ops_II⠀⇛


                       Valve put out a new upgrade for Proton Experimental
                       on June 30th which brings some nice looking fixes
                       to Linux desktops and Steam Deck. This is the
                       special opt-in version of Proton you can try, which
                       often gets the newest features and fixes first
                       before rolling out to the main series of Proton
                       (currently Proton 7).


                # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ 73_of_the_top_100_most_popular_Steam_games
                  are_playable_on_Steam_Deck⠀⇛


                       It’s been a little while since checking how well
                       the top 100 most played games on Steam work on
                       Linux and the Steam Deck, so here’s a fresh run
                       over the list for you.


                # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Strategy-survival_game_Dice_Tribes:
                  Ambitions_gets_a_Native_Linux_version⠀⇛


                       Dice Tribes: Ambitions is a pretty interesting
                       looking strategy survival game mix, where you move
                       dice around to keep your tribe and village going.
                       It might not sound or even look like much but it
                       seems like it might surprise you with the mechanics
                       involved.


    * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾


          o § New Releases⠀➾


                # ⚓ Trend Oceans ☛ Nitrux_2.2.1_ships_with_Default_5.18.6
                  XanMod_kernel⠀⇛


                       
                       With this release, Nitrux 2.2.1 ships with the
                       default 5.18.6 XanMod kernel, which is the
                       successor to 5.17.12, which was not implemented
                       with the previous release 2.2.0 due to the failure
                       of the package broadcom-sta-dkm while building, but
                       with this release, you can have the stable version
                       of the 5.18.6 XanMod kernel.


          o § BSD⠀➾


                # ⚓ Brian Callahan ☛ OpenBSD_has_two_new_C_compilers:_chibicc
                  and_kefir⠀⇛


                       In my never ending quest to have oksh support every
                       C compiler in existence, I have ported two more C
                       compilers to OpenBSD. They are chibicc and kefir.
                       As always, let’s review them and at the end I’ll
                       have links to unofficial ports so that you can play
                       around with these C compilers.


          o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾


                # ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ Celebrating_the_community:_Sophie⠀⇛


                       It’s wonderful hearing from people in the community
                       about what learning and teaching digital making
                       means to them and how it impacts their lives. So
                       far, our community stories series has involved
                       young creators, teachers, and mentors from the UK
                       and US, India, Romania, and Ireland, who are all
                       dedicated to making positive change in their corner
                       of the world through getting creative with
                       technology.


                # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Raspberry_Pi_announces_the_Pico_W,_a_$6
                  microcontroller_equipped_with_Wi-Fi⠀⇛


                       Raspberry Pi has introduced a successor to last
                       year’s Pico, a $4 microcontroller based on the
                       RP2040 chip the company designed itself. The new
                       model is called the Pico W. It’s basically the same
                       hardware, but it adds, as the name suggests, an
                       802.11n Wi-Fi radio, making it useful for putting
                       together IoT projects and the like. It’s also more
                       expensive than the standard Pico, coming in at $6.


                # ⚓ Jeff Geerling ☛ The_Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_brings_WiFi_for
                  $6⠀⇛


                       Today, Raspberry Pi announced the Pico W, a new $6
                       version of the Pico that includes WiFi.


                # ⚓ XueYao ☛ T700_&_Other_updates⠀⇛


                       I’ve also provided an ISO image of X2100 BIOS
                       updates. It’s based on Intel’s FIT utility and it’s
                       a lot easier than reading through pages of readme
                       just to try to pull off a BIOS update. It’s not the
                       easiest of course but it’s much easier than trying
                       to run complex commands in Linux.


    * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


          o § Programming/Development⠀➾


                # ⚓ Rlang ☛ How_to_Join_Multiple_Data_Frames_in_R⠀⇛


                       How to Join Multiple Data Frames in R?, you can
                       find it useful to connect many data frames in R.
                       Fortunately, the left join() function from the
                       dplyr package makes this simple to accomplish.


                # ⚓ Austin Z Henley ☛ Learning_HTML_was_too_hard_so_I_made_a
                  compiler_instead⠀⇛


                       It got me thinking about the other pivotal points
                       in my career. Especially the first one. I started
                       writing it down as an exercise for myself. These
                       are the type of stories I seek out in blogs in
                       podcasts (such as John Lam’s!), so I hope you’ll
                       enjoy it too.


                       Here we go, this is the story of how I got into
                       computing.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o § Education⠀➾


                # ⚓ Quillette ☛ Science_and_Civil_Liberties:_The_Lost_ACLU
                  Lecture_of_Carl_Sagan⠀⇛


                       Most importantly, he highlighted the virtues common
                       to science and civil liberties that are needed to
                       deal with these challenges: freedom of speech,
                       skepticism, constraints on authority, openness to
                       opposing arguments, and an acknowledgment of one’s
                       own fallibility.


                       The two of us, a cognitive scientist and a civil
                       liberties lawyer, are presenting this lecture to
                       the public at a time when Sagan’s insights are
                       needed even more urgently than they were when
                       originally expressed. We do so with the kind
                       permission of Ann Druyan, Sagan’s widow and
                       longtime collaborator.


          o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾


                # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ “I_was_being_treated_as_if_it_were
                  reprehensible_that_my_body_was_doing_its_job”⠀⇛


                       In Hungary, although women make greater use of the
                       healthcare system and live an average of six years
                       longer than their male counterparts, gender
                       discrimination nevertheless permeates doctors’
                       offices and research facilities. Unsolicited
                       procedures, misdiagnoses, symptoms attributed to
                       hysteria, and obstetric violence – the combination
                       of these is not only harmful to women’s bodies and
                       psyches, it also places yet another heavy burden on
                       society as a whole.


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Opinion_|_Supreme_Court_Takes_an_Axe_to_the
                  EPA’s_Ability_to_Mitigate_the_Climate_Crisis⠀⇛


          o § Security⠀➾


                # ⚓ India Times ☛ Reducing_cyber_risk_amid_surge_in
                  uncontrolled_digital_identities_and_mounting_cybersecurity
                  debt [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛


                       These initiatives — especially those around remote/
                       hybrid working, new digital services for customers
                       and citizens, and increased outsourcing of remote
                       vendors/suppliers — have created an explosion of
                       human and machine identities, often running into
                       hundreds of thousands per organization.


                       As a result, many organizations are now facing the
                       consequences of unsecured digital acceleration,
                       including greater risk exposure to ransomware
                       threats and vulnerabilities across the software
                       supply chain.


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ NBC ☛ Police_sweep_Google_searches_to_find_suspects.
                        The_tactic_is_facing_its_first_legal_challenge.⠀⇛


                             The pushback against this surveillance tool,
                             known as a reverse keyword search, is being
                             closely watched by privacy and abortion
                             rights advocates, who are concerned that it
                             could soon be used to investigate women who
                             search for information about obtaining an
                             abortion in states where the procedure is now
                             illegal.


                             In documents filed Thursday in Denver
                             District Court, lawyers for the 17-year-old
                             argue that the police violated the
                             Constitution when they got a judge to order
                             Google to check its vast database of internet
                             searches for users who typed in the address
                             of a home before it was set ablaze on Aug. 5,
                             2020. Three adults and two children died in
                             the fire.


                      # ⚓ EFF ☛ Keeping_Your_Smart_Home_Secure_&_Private⠀⇛


                             Examples of large botnets such as the well-
                             known Mirai and more recent Fronton—which
                             consist of Internet-connected IoT
                             devices—have caused significant damage, and
                             have given IoT a terrible reputation when it
                             comes to security. Governments have started
                             to take note, and the passage of the IoT
                             Cybersecurity Improvement Act of 2020 in the
                             US, while welcome, has only begun to tackle
                             this issue. On the privacy front, our
                             connected devices and appliances are
                             delivering potentially hundreds of discrete
                             data points per day to companies without any
                             meaningful limits on or insight into what
                             they are doing with this data. And homeowners
                             who wish to add smart devices to their homes
                             are often directed to install apps which
                             control these devices, but also deliver data
                             to third parties without notification.


                             Mozilla provides a useful tool, *privacy not
                             included, to search your own smart devices
                             for what they may be sending to the cloud.
                             If, for instance, you own a Furbo Dog Camera
                             with Dog Nanny, you are subject to a privacy
                             policy which states Furbo can “collect any
                             audio, video or pictures you create, upload,
                             save or share” and “collect video and audit
                             information of individuals when they pass in
                             front of the camera or speak when the Furbo
                             Dog Camera is on.” Unfortunately, this policy
                             is not atypical. Researchers at Northeastern
                             University and Imperial College London found
                             in a survey of IoT devices across the
                             industry that 72 of the 81 they looked at
                             were sending information to third parties.


                             The nuances of adding connected automation
                             and functionality to the home while
                             preserving one’s privacy and security seems
                             an obtuse and difficult task. Many otherwise
                             enthusiastic consumers have encountered
                             untold frustrations, and become victims of
                             the failures of a data-hungry industry. The
                             myriad of difficulties has even prompted
                             users to abandon smart devices altogether.


                # § Confidentiality⠀➾


                      # ⚓ [Old] Matt Blaze ☛ The_Cryptography_of_Orphan_Annie
                        and_Captain_Midnight⠀⇛


                             Orphan Annie’s Secret Society produced
                             decoders (variously called “Super Decoder
                             pins”, “Telematic Decoder Pins” and other
                             names from year to year) from 1935 through
                             1940. From 1941 through 1949, the decoders
                             were rebranded as “Code-O-Graphs” and
                             distributed by Captain Midnight’s Secret
                             Squadron. These years corresponded to
                             Ovaltine’s sponsorship of the respective
                             programs. Although the decorative elements
                             and mechanical designs varied, the underlying
                             cryptographic principles were the same for
                             all the decoders.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ RTL ☛ Erdogan_warns_Turkey_may_still_block_Nordic_NATO
                  drive⠀⇛


                       Yet Erdogan told reporters at an impromptu press
                       conference held as the summit ended that the
                       memorandum did not mean Turkey would automatically
                       approve the two countries’ membership.


                # ⚓ CNBC ☛ French_court_convicts_20_in_2015_Paris_Bataclan
                  theater_attack_that_killed_130_people⠀⇛


                       A special French court on Wednesday found 20 men
                       guilty of involvement in the Islamic State
                       terrorist attacks on the Bataclan theater, Paris
                       cafes and France’s national stadium in 2015 that
                       killed 130 people in the deadliest peacetime
                       attacks in French history.


                # ⚓ Rolling Stone ☛ 20_People_Convicted_in_2015_Paris_Terror
                  Attack,_Bataclan_Massacre⠀⇛


                       The 10-month trial largely centered around Salah
                       Abdeslam, whom prosecutors believed to be the sole
                       surviving member of the Islamic State extremist
                       cell that carried out the attack, which also
                       targeted restaurants, bars, and the national sports
                       stadium. Abdeslam was found guilty of all the
                       charges against him, including murder as part of an
                       organized terrorist gang. He was not accused of
                       killing anyone himself (prosecutors said his
                       suicide belt malfunctioned, but Abdeslam has
                       claimed he changed his mind about going forward
                       with the attack).


                # ⚓ NPR ☛ 20_men_are_convicted_in_the_2015_Paris_terror
                  attacks;_one_sentenced_to_life_in_prison⠀⇛


                       Chief suspect Salah Abdeslam was found guilty of
                       murder and attempted murder in relation to a
                       terrorist enterprise. The court found that his
                       explosives vest malfunctioned, dismissing his
                       argument that he ditched the vest because he
                       decided not to follow through with his part of the
                       attack on the night of Nov. 13, 2015.


                       The other nine attackers either blew themselves up
                       or were killed by police that night.


                # ⚓ ITV ☛ Bataclan_massacre:_Why_has_it_taken_seven_years_to
                  prosecute_suspects_accused_of_terror_attack?⠀⇛


                       In all there were six distinct attacks carried out
                       by 10 people, Abdeslam was the only survivor after
                       his suicide vest malfunctioned.


                # ⚓ The Sunday Times UK ☛ Bataclan_killer_jailed_for_life_after
                  France’s_biggest_terror_trial⠀⇛


                       He was refused authorisation to seek parole,
                       meaning that he faces the prospect of dying in
                       prison. The life-means-life sentence is extremely
                       rare in French law and had only ever been handed
                       down four times before.


                # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ ‘Don’t_appease…’:_Message_from_Dutch_MP
                  Geert_Wilders_who_supports_Nupur_Sharma⠀⇛


                       Geert Wilders, the Netherland MP who had earlier
                       supported former BJP spokesperson Nupur Sharma,
                       reacted to the Udaipur horror where a Hindu tailor,
                       identified as Kanhaiya Lal, was beheaded by two
                       Muslim men Riyaz Attari and Ghous Mohammed for a
                       social media post related to Nupur Sharma. “The
                       only answer is that we ALL stand up Now and say ‘I
                       Support Nupur Sharma’, because they can’t kill all
                       of us,” the controversial MP, known for his
                       Islamophobic [sic] comments, tweeted.


                # ⚓ Frontpage Magazine ☛ Terror_in_Oslo⠀⇛


                       At a quarter after one o’clock on the night before
                       Oslo’s pride parade is scheduled to take place, a
                       42-year-old Iranian-born man shouts “Allahu akbar!”
                       and starts shooting wildly and randomly at people
                       in and around London Pub, the city’s largest gay
                       bar. In all, he kills two people and wounds twenty-
                       one. And within a few hours the police have a
                       theory as to why he committed these latest barbaric
                       acts: he has psychiatric problems.


                       Yes, “psychiatric problems” – the euphemism of
                       choice for Islamic terrorism. [...]


                # ⚓ Meduza ☛ The_warmongering_governor_How_St._Petersburg’s
                  Alexander_Beglov_used_the_war_against_Ukraine_to_get_back_on
                  Putin’s_good_side⠀⇛


                       At the start of 2022, St. Petersburg Governor
                       Alexander Beglov seemed under more pressure to step
                       down than ever before. In addition to facing
                       constant criticism, Beglov was quarreling with
                       local elites and struggling to resolve endemic
                       issues related to snow and garbage removal. But
                       after Russia began its all-out war against Ukraine
                       on February 24, everything changed. Beglov became
                       one of the most outspoken supporters of the
                       invasion and started giving bellicose speeches
                       about fighting purported Ukrainian “Nazis.” In
                       addition, the St. Petersburg undertook to rebuild
                       Mariupol — a city that has become emblematic of
                       Russian war atrocities after Moscow’s forces
                       effectively razed it to the ground. Meduza special
                       correspondent Andrey Pertsev unravels how the
                       Kremlin’s so-called “special military operation” in
                       Ukraine helped Alexander Beglov shore up his
                       position in St. Petersburg and get back in Putin’s
                       good graces.


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Europe’s_Uneasy_Unity_on_the_War_in
                  Ukraine⠀⇛


                       Some European leaders have struck a cautionary
                       note. Poland’s prime minister, for instance, said
                       recently: “Putin is counting on the fatigue of the
                       West. He knows that he has much more time because
                       democracies are less patient than autocracies,”
                       repeating what Xi Jinping said to Biden shortly
                       after Biden took office. There’s something to that
                       warning, because despite appearances and concrete
                       cooperation, the alliance is not entirely of one
                       mind on at least three issues: energy, food, and
                       the way forward on Ukraine.


                       Ending Energy Dependence on Russia


                # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ How_We_Fight_Back_When_Officials_Resist
                  Releasing_Information_You_Have_a_Right_to_Know⠀⇛


                       The city of Uvalde, Texas, the scene of the
                       horrific shooting in an elementary school last
                       month, has been forceful in its unwillingness to
                       release public records related to the tragedy that
                       took the lives of 19 children and two adults.


                       The city’s blanket denial took me back 25 years to
                       my own battle for records with another Texas town
                       coping with a tragedy.


                # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Mass_Shooters’_Most_Common_Trait—Their_Gender—Gets
                  Little_Press_Attention⠀⇛


                       There were a few things the Buffalo and Uvalde mass
                       shooters who killed a combined 31 people had in
                       common: Both used AR-15-style rifles bought
                       legally. Both were just 18 years old. But perhaps
                       most overlooked in the corporate press as a shared
                       characteristic worthy of commentary: They were both
                       male.


                # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Kadyrov’s_enemies_The_story_of_one_family_who
                  angered_Chechnya’s_dictator⠀⇛


                       June 26 was the UN’s International Day in Support
                       of Torture Victims. There are no credible
                       government statistics on the use of torture in
                       Russia, nor does the country’s Criminal Code
                       include a separate article on torture; an
                       organization called the Crew Against Torture is one
                       of the few agencies working to help Russians who
                       have been tortured. In their 22 years of work, the
                       group’s lawyers have won criminal convictions for
                       159 law enforcement employees, but only six of
                       those have come from Chechnya, the region the
                       lawyers say is the worst offender. Meduza tells the
                       story of one of the Crew Against Torture’s recent
                       cases: that of the Yangulbayev family, a sworn
                       enemy of Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov.


                # ⚓ FAIR ☛ ‘In_the_Middle_East,_We_Are_Hearing_a_New_Set_of
                  Excuses_to_Justify_the_Same_Old_Policy’⠀⇛


                       Janine Jackson interviewed Raed Jarrar about Joe
                       Biden’s trip to Saudi Arabia  for the June 24,
                       2022, episode of CounterSpin. This is a lightly
                       edited transcript.


                # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Investigate_Ron_Johnson’s_Role_in_the_January
                  6_Coup_Attempt⠀⇛


                       The House’s inquiry into the January 6 Capitol
                       attack is shedding light on the role members of
                       Congress played in Donald Trump’s scheme to
                       overturn the results of the 2020 presidential
                       election. Americans now know that several
                       Republican members of Congress were so wrapped up
                       in Trump’s coup attempt that they sought preemptive
                       pardons to protect them from prosecution for what
                       they obviously understood to be a criminal
                       conspiracy.


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Activism,_Uncensored:_Are_Black_2nd_Amendment
                  Advocates_the_Ultimate_Taboo?⠀⇛


                       “If people aren’t going to do their job, then we’re
                       here to do it for them,” said Nick Bezzel, of the
                       Elmer Geronimo Pratt Pistol & Rifle Gun Club, after
                       being told for the second time today that officials
                       in Brookhaven, Mississippi wouldn’t meet with him
                       and other armed black activists.


          o § Environment⠀➾


                # ⚓ Smithsonian Magazine ☛ Can_Rebranding_Invasive_Carp_Make_It
                  More_Appealing_to_Eat?⠀⇛


                       The fish escaped into the Mississippi River, then
                       continued their spread into other rivers and
                       beyond. Their population grew quickly, and they
                       began to crowd out native fish species,
                       outcompeting them for food (different carp species
                       feed on plants, plankton, on up in size to
                       endangered freshwater snail species). Invasive carp
                       are also thought to lower water quality, which
                       ultimately harms underwater ecosystems and can kill
                       off other native species like freshwater mussels.
                       (The fish were once collectively called “Asian
                       carp,” but state governments and federal agencies
                       now refer to them as “invasive carp” because of
                       concerns over bigotry toward Asian culture and
                       people.)


                       Federal, state and local officials have since spent
                       hundreds of millions of dollars trying to keep the
                       invasive fish in check, and most importantly, out
                       of the Great Lakes. If the fish swim into Lake
                       Michigan, they could threaten the commercial
                       fishing and tourism industries, which together are
                       responsible for billions of dollars of economic
                       activity. Other methods for controlling the fish
                       include physical barriers, poisons, removal and the
                       introduction of predators.


                # ⚓ The Verge ☛ The_Supreme_Court_just_took_away_an_EPA_tool_to
                  fight_climate_change_—_what_happens_next?⠀⇛


                       The Supreme Court just gutted a major policy tool
                       the US might have used to tackle climate change.
                       Its decision today on West Virginia v.
                       Environmental Protection Agency essentially says
                       that the EPA shouldn’t be allowed to determine
                       whether the US gets its electricity from clean or
                       dirty sources of energy.


                       That derails previous efforts by the agency to
                       transition the US away from fossil fuels to clean
                       energy sources like wind and solar by regulating
                       the power sector. With the new decision, the agency
                       might be able to push a power plant to install
                       technology to reduce its emissions on-site, but it
                       can’t influence states’ decisions on where they get
                       their energy from in the first place. To make
                       things worse, the premise of the court’s decision
                       could erode any federal agency’s ability to
                       regulate industry in order to tackle climate change
                       and even other major issues.


                # ⚓ Teen Vogue ☛ Why_Is_There_a_Sriracha_Shortage?_Drought_Is
                  Causing_Food_Shortages⠀⇛


                       It’s not just chilli peppers. Mustard producers in
                       France and Canada said extreme weather caused a 50%
                       reduction in seed production last year, leading to
                       a shortage of the condiment on grocery store
                       shelves. Blistering heat, stronger storms,
                       droughts, floods, fires and changes in rainfall
                       patterns are also affecting the cost and
                       availability of staples, including wheat, corn,
                       coffee, apples, chocolate and wine. The climate
                       crisis is increasing the intensity and frequency of
                       extreme weather events – and it’s putting food
                       production at risk.


                       “Almost everything we grow and raise in the US is
                       facing some climatic stress,” said Carolyn Dimitri,
                       nutrition and food studies professor at NYU.


                # § Energy⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Eesti Rahvusringhääling ☛ Bike_tour,_concert_to_open
                        Tartu’s_Car_Free_Avenue_on_Friday⠀⇛


                             This year, Car Free Avenue area will be
                             located between Uueturu intersection and
                             Kaarsild. Unlike the Car Free Avenue of the
                             past two years, this year 1+1 lanes of
                             vehicle traffic will continue to move through
                             the area on the side of the city center park
                             on weekdays, and a speed limit of 30 km/
                             h will be established.


                             The street space on the river-side will be
                             open to pedestrians, and four temporary
                             pedestrian crossings will be added to the Car
                             Free Avenue carriageway to ensure safe
                             crossing.


                             The area will be close to vehicle traffic on
                             weekends until 14 August (Friday 6 p.m. –
                             Sunday 11:59 p.m.), total closure to motor
                             vehicles will take place from July 8–19, when
                             WRC Rally Estonia events will be taking place
                             on the Vabaduse Avenue section.


                      # ⚓ The Economist ☛ How_Russia’s_war_could_revive
                        America’s_uranium_industry⠀⇛


                             Yet the White Mesa mill in southern Utah is
                             still converting uranium ore into yellowcake,
                             a condensed powder. For decades the facility
                             has seemed a relic of the region’s boom
                             times. But two things have conspired to
                             breathe new life into America’s uranium
                             industry.


                             First, climate concern has begun to change
                             the politics around nuclear power, which does
                             not emit carbon. Roughly 20% of the power
                             produced by American utilities comes from
                             nuclear, making it the country’s largest
                             source of clean energy. To speed
                             decarbonisation, the Biden administration
                             wants to prop up America’s existing nuclear
                             plants and incentivise the development of new
                             advanced reactors. Proponents of nuclear
                             power argue that its steady, baseload power
                             will be needed to keep the lights on when the
                             sun doesn’t shine or wind doesn’t blow. There
                             are signs that this argument is catching on.
                             California is considering delaying the
                             closure of its last nuclear plant, which is
                             the state’s largest single source of
                             electricity.


                             Second, Russia’s war in Ukraine has many
                             countries squirming over their reliance on
                             Russian energy. According to the Energy
                             Information Administration, a government
                             agency, 14% of America’s uranium imports in
                             2021 came from Russia (and a further 43% from
                             Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan). Russia is the
                             only commercial supplier of the type of
                             uranium needed to fuel new reactor designs,
                             which aim to reduce costs and safety
                             concerns.


          o § Finance⠀➾


                # ⚓ FAIR ☛ ‘This_Country_Would_Want_to_See_Money_Taken_From_the
                  Pentagon_and_Reallocated’⠀⇛


                       Janine Jackson interviewed the National Priorities
                       Project’s Lindsay Koshgarian about the People Over
                       Pentagon Act for the June 24, 2022, episode of
                       CounterSpin. This is a lightly edited transcript.


          o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾


                # ⚓ RTL ☛ FBI_adds_Bulgarian_‘Crypto_Queen’_to_most-wanted
                  list⠀⇛


                       Officials said that OneCoin was not backed by any
                       secured, independent blockchain-type technology as
                       other crypto currencies are.


                       Instead, they said, it was a classic Ponzi scheme,
                       in which early investors are encouraged to find
                       others and then paid out by receipts from later
                       investors.


                # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Hillicon_Valley_—_App_stores_urged_to_remove
                  TikTok⠀⇛


                       In letters to Apple and Google, shared by Carr on
                       Tuesday, he said TikTok’s “pattern of conduct and
                       misrepresentation regarding the unfettered access
                       that persons in Beijing have to sensitive U.S. user
                       data” puts the app “out of compliance” with the
                       companies’ app store policies.


                # ⚓ The Verge ☛ The_FCC_authorizes_SpaceX’s_Starlink_system_to
                  be_used_on_vehicles_in_motion⠀⇛


                       SpaceX requested regulatory approval from the FCC
                       in March of last year to allow Earth Stations in
                       Motion (ESIM) Starlink terminals to be used in
                       moving vehicles. To tap into the system and receive
                       broadband internet coverage, customers must
                       purchase a personal ground-based antenna, or user
                       terminal, that is designed to connect with any
                       orbiting Starlink satellites that happen to be
                       overhead. Up until now, those dishes have had to
                       remain in a fixed location in order to access the
                       system.


                # ⚓ [Old] Associated Press ☛ Cyber_agency:_Voting_software
                  vulnerable_in_some_states⠀⇛


                       Electronic voting machines from a leading vendor
                       used in at least 16 states have software
                       vulnerabilities that leave them susceptible to
                       [cracking] if unaddressed, the nation’s leading
                       cybersecurity agency says in an advisory sent to
                       state election officials.


                       The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Agency,
                       or CISA, said there is no evidence the flaws in the
                       Dominion Voting Systems’ equipment have been
                       exploited to alter election results. The advisory
                       is based on testing by a prominent computer
                       scientist and expert witness in a long-running
                       lawsuit that is unrelated to false allegations of a
                       stolen election pushed by former President Donald
                       Trump after his 2020 election loss.


                # ⚓ [Old] The_Antrim_County_2020_Election_Incident:_An
                  Independent_Forensic_Investigation [PDF]⠀⇛


                       Using data from the election system, I precisely
                       reproduce the major anomalies, explain their cause,
                       and verify that they have been corrected. I also
                       uncover other errors affecting specific down-ballot
                       contests that have not been corrected, despite the
                       unusual attention focused on the results, one of
                       which may have changed the outcome of a local
                       contest. Based on this analysis, I refute
                       misinformation about the incident, concluding that
                       it was not the result of a security breach but
                       rather a series of operator errors compounded by
                       inadequate procedures and insufficiently defensive
                       software design. These events offer lessons for
                       improving election administration and highlight the
                       value of rigorously investigating election
                       technology incidents for enhancing accuracy and
                       public trust.


                # ⚓ CISA ☛ ICS_Advisory_(ICSA-22-154-01)_Vulnerabilities
                  Affecting_Dominion_Voting_Systems_ImageCast_X⠀⇛


                       Exploitation of these vulnerabilities would require
                       physical access to individual ImageCast X devices,
                       access to the Election Management System (EMS), or
                       the ability to modify files before they are
                       uploaded to ImageCast X devices. Jurisdictions can
                       prevent and/or detect the exploitation of these
                       vulnerabilities by diligently applying the
                       mitigations recommended in this advisory, including
                       technical, physical, and operational controls that
                       limit unauthorized access or manipulation of voting
                       systems. Many of these mitigations are already
                       typically standard practice in jurisdictions where
                       these devices are in use and can be enhanced to
                       further guard against exploitation of these
                       vulnerabilities.


                # ⚓ [Old] New Yorker ☛ The_Catch-22_of_Addressing_Election
                  Security⠀⇛


                       “These conspiracy theories are based on the reality
                       that elections are less secure than they need to
                       be,” Halderman said. “But they’ve changed one fact.
                       The fact they’ve changed is whether there’s any
                       evidence at all that the 2020 election was stolen
                       by [cracking]. They’ve just invented the assertion
                       that there is such evidence, when there is not.” In
                       Georgia, the ballots were counted three times, once
                       by hand, and—as the Republican secretary of state,
                       Brad Raffensperger, told Trump, when the President
                       insisted that votes has been cast in the names of
                       dead people, that ballots for Biden had been
                       counted multiple times, and that signatures had
                       been forged on mail-in ballots—no credible evidence
                       of widespread fraud was found. This was also the
                       case in Arizona, after the protracted Cyber Ninjas
                       recount. An Associated Press review of six
                       battleground states found fewer than four hundred
                       and seventy-five potentially fraudulent ballots,
                       too few to swing the outcome, even if all of them
                       had been for Biden, which they were not.


                       Since 2016, when it became clear that Russian
                       actors had breached parts of our voting systems,
                       election security has largely focussed on
                       preventing foreign intervention. That threat has
                       not gone away. But measures that are politicizing
                       election administration, replacing nonpartisan
                       administrators with ideologues, along with demands
                       for bogus “audits” and the kinds of vigilantism
                       bolstered by “stop the steal” and other baseless
                       election fraud narratives, are conspiring to
                       increase the domestic threat, too.


                # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Meta_warns_employees_of_‘serious_times’_in
                  internal_memo_listing_key_product_bets⠀⇛


                       Meta had already told employees that a slowdown was
                       coming. In May, the company froze hiring across a
                       number of teams, including teams working on
                       shopping and video chatting products. The company’s
                       stock has cratered over the past five months, as
                       investors worry about slowing growth and expensive
                       investments in the metaverse that may take years to
                       pay off. Meta didn’t have a comment for this story.


                # ⚓ Reuters ☛ Meta_girds_for_‘fierce’_headwinds,_slower_growth
                  in_second_half_-memo⠀⇛


                       acebook-owner Meta Platforms Inc is bracing for a
                       leaner second half of the year, as it copes with
                       macroeconomic pressures and data privacy hits to
                       its ads business, according to an internal memo
                       seen by Reuters on Thursday.


                       The company must “prioritize more ruthlessly” and
                       “operate leaner, meaner, better executing teams,”
                       Chief Product Officer Chris Cox wrote in the memo,
                       which appeared on the company’s internal discussion
                       forum Workplace.


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Colombia,_Once_a_Pro-U.S._Conservative
                  Bastion,_Turns_Left⠀⇛


                       Petro, who ran on a platform to tackle inequality,
                       is a former rebel soldier who, at the age of 17
                       joined a now-defunct guerilla group called M-19 and
                       was briefly imprisoned and tortured. His election
                       is viewed as part of the ongoing “pink tide” in
                       Latin America where a wave of left-leaning, but
                       not-hardcore-communist leaders have succeeded in
                       taking power through democratic elections.


                       Perhaps even more impressive than Petro is his
                       running mate, Francia Márquez, the nation’s first
                       Afro-Colombian vice president and a celebrated
                       environmental activist.


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Seven_Deadly_Sins:_Alive_&_Well_in_the
                  U.S._of_A⠀⇛


                       The Bible describes “sin” as a transgression of the
                       law of God (1 John 3:4) and rebellion against God 
                       (Deuteronomy 9:7; Joshua 1:18).


                       In the year 590, Pope Gregory the Great specified
                       the seven deadly sins…


                # ⚓ The Nation ☛ France_Rediscovers_Parliamentary_Politics⠀⇛


                       “We beat him,” boasted left-wing leader Jean-Luc
                       Mélenchon. “He has no majority. And since he has no
                       principles, he’s already starting to belly dance in
                       front of anyone who wants to help him govern. You
                       will see that he’ll end up polishing Madam Le Pen’s
                       shoes.” The results of France’s parliamentary
                       elections made for a jubilant and punchy Mélenchon,
                       who was basking in the crowd of supporters gathered
                       outside the Parisian concert hall where France’s
                       new left-wing alliance celebrated the June 19
                       runoff vote.


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Angry_Macron_Under_Pressure⠀⇛


                       The fact that the National Assembly is now more
                       representative of voters’ wishes is hardly a
                       crisis. In 2017 Jean-Luc Mélenchon’s leftwing La
                       France Insoumise (LFI) won 17 seats, the far-right
                       Front National eight, and the Greens one — in other
                       words, three parties that represented 40% of the
                       electorate held only 4.5% of the seats between
                       them. That suited Macron: it allowed him to govern
                       as he saw fit. But now he’ll have to work with
                       other people besides his chief of staff. This
                       should only bother those who hoped he would reform
                       France’s pension system in the same way that he cut
                       rail workers’ employment rights, made the labour
                       code more flexible and tightened conditions for
                       unemployment benefits.


                       Thanks to Mélenchon’s new electoral strategy the
                       leftwing alliance now has more seats — four times
                       more for LFI — without increasing its share of the
                       vote. But Marine Le Pen’s Rassemblement National
                       (RN) has done even better, multiplying its MPs by
                       ten. Not thanks to any novel political initiative,
                       but simply because RN voter numbers have been
                       steadily increasing as the party’s appeal has grown
                       and it has lost its stigma. Parliamentary elections
                       hadn’t favoured it till now, but this time its vote
                       has doubled — from 8.75% in 2017 to 17.3%. Le Pen
                       herself got 2.5 million more votes in the
                       presidential second round than in 2017.


                # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Google_Gives_In_To_Republican_Political
                  Spammers:_Launching_Pilot_Program_To_Whitelist_Them_Out_Of
                  Spam⠀⇛


                       What a dumb news cycle. As we noted, mainly driven
                       by the preferred political spam mongers for
                       Republicans, a study from some computer scientists
                       was completely misrepresented to argue (falsely)
                       that Google was deliberately censoring Republican
                       politician emails. As we’ve repeatedly noted, the
                       study actually found that while a clean Gmail
                       account would flag more Republican emails as spam
                       than Democrats, (1) the reverse was true of the two
                       other most popular web-based email providers, Yahoo
                       and Outlook, and (2) the researchers found that if
                       someone actively manages their spam flags, that
                       this discrepancy disappears in Gmail.


                # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ “Not_only_will_our_rubbish_be_in_Europe,
                  so_will_we”⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Dealing_with_Trump’s_Occupation_of_All_Too
                  Many_American_Hearts_and_Minds⠀⇛


                       Emotion rules the American political scene and so
                       many now tend to shoot from the hip without even
                       knowing why.


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Maxwell_Sentenced_to_20_Years_for_Conspiring
                  with_Jeffrey_Epstein⠀⇛


                       Ghislaine Maxwell was sentenced to 20 years in
                       prison for conspiring with Jeffrey Epstein to
                       sexually abuse minors on Tuesday. Her lawyers have
                       stated they will appeal the sentence. 


                # § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Telex (Hungary) ☛ Covid-19_skepticism_and_being
                        Russia-friendly_go_hand_in_hand_in_Hungary_too⠀⇛


                             Those who tend to see the manipulation of the
                             background powers behind both Covid and the
                             vaccinations are more likely to believe
                             Russian disinformation. The most common fake
                             news and conspiracy theories about Russian
                             aggression against Ukraine – for example that
                             the war was not started by Russia, but by
                             Ukraine and America, or that the Ukrainian
                             leadership are Nazis enjoy significant
                             popularity in Hungarian society. Fidesz and
                             Mi Hazánk voters believe in pro-Moscow
                             conjectures to almost the same extent,
                             opposition voters much less so.


          o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾


                # ⚓ NBC ☛ What_the_alleged_attack_on_Giuliani_reveals_about_his
                  policing_legacy⠀⇛


                       Disbarred former Trump attorney and former New York
                       City Mayor Rudy Giuliani made headlines this week
                       after accusing a grocery store worker of assaulting
                       him. Subsequently released surveillance video
                       indicated Giuliani had exaggerated significantly —
                       and current Mayor Eric Adams called him on it,
                       noting that making a false police report is a
                       crime.


                # ⚓ The Hill ☛ SCOTUS_just_quietly_slashed_your_Sixth_Amendment
                  rights⠀⇛


                       The Supreme Court’s recent assault on our rights
                       has gone far beyond Roe and Dobbs. The Supreme
                       Court quietly issued a 6-3 ruling recently on Shinn
                       v. Martinez Ramirez, siding against two Arizonans
                       on death row who sought to challenge their
                       convictions in federal court after receiving shoddy
                       legal support. The majority’s rationale, which was
                       based on a 1996 federal law, was that state
                       sovereignty and legal expediency must be protected
                       at all costs.


                       Unfortunately, those costs are clear. The Court’s
                       ruling slashed Americans’ constitutional right to
                       effective counsel by eviscerating the life-saving
                       accountability mechanism that allows people to
                       appeal unjust rulings. The six conservative
                       justices have plainly prioritized the legal
                       system’s power to convict and kill over our human
                       right to live.


                # ⚓ Frontpage Magazine ☛ Muslim_Man_Tries_to_Slaughter_Coptic
                  Christian_Woman_with_a_Sickle⠀⇛


                       In response to a police investigation, Muhammad’s
                       family instantly produced a certificate indicating
                       that he is “mentally ill”—a tactic on regular
                       display in Egypt whenever a Muslim is caught after
                       attacking a Christian, to get him the most lenient
                       sentencing. But as the report notes,


                       “If he is mentally ill, why does he exclusively
                       target Copts? Is it sensible to promote the
                       ‘psychopath’ narrative in every single incident
                       against the Copts—as if the mentally ill only see
                       and try to kill Copts?”


                # ⚓ Man_receives_death_sentence_for_murdering_ex-wife_with
                  scissors⠀⇛


                       The Criminal Court last week sentenced a man to
                       death after convicting him of murdering his
                       divorced wife with scissors while at the Sharia
                       Court in Rusiefeh in March 2021.


                # ⚓ Catholic NewsAgency ☛ Two_priests_killed_in_Nigeria_in
                  separate_incidents⠀⇛


                       More Christians are killed for their faith in
                       Nigeria than in any other country worldwide — at
                       least 4,650 in 2021, and nearly 900 in the first
                       three months of 2022 alone.


                       According to the UK-based human rights foundation
                       Christian Solidarity Worldwide, Kaduna state has
                       become “an epicenter of kidnapping and violence by
                       non-state actors, despite being the most garrisoned
                       state in Nigeria.”


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Holy_Alito!⠀⇛


                       Let’s hear it for Protestant fundamentalists
                       (American variety) yet again. Was there ever a more
                       pragmatic bunch? After centuries of howling No
                       Popery and denouncing the Whore of Rome, they’re
                       now trying to give us a US Supreme Court that will,
                       in the probable event of Alito’s confirmation,
                       boast no fewer than five Roman Catholics, a clear
                       majority: in order of arrival on the bench: Scalia,
                       Kennedy, Thomas, Roberts and, most likely, Alito.


                       You can see why the conservative Christians don’t
                       trust Protestants when it comes to matters of
                       Choice or any of their other cherished issues. The
                       two Protestants on the Supreme Court are the
                       Justices they hate most: a liberal Republican, John
                       Paul Stevens and a libertarian, David Souter.


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ Defund_the_Democratic_Party:_More
                  Republicans_in_Office_will_Not_Save_Abortion_Rights,_but
                  History_has_Shown,_Neither_Will_More_Democrats⠀⇛


                       They rightly chided Republicans, who have boasted
                       for nearly 50 years that their political project
                       would overturn Roe v. Wade. In that time,
                       Republicans successfully advocated for 1,000
                       restrictions on abortions. But on the other side of
                       the ideological spectrum, the Democratic Party also
                       focused blame on the Green Party’s Jill Stein
                       voters, Bernie Bros, Susan Sarandon followers, and
                       Bad Faith Podcast subscribers. The Democratic
                       Party’s analysis relied on attacking their left
                       flank in defense rather than engaging in
                       introspection about what they could have done to
                       prevent Roe’s reversal.


                       A more substantive and introspective review would
                       look back to then-Senator Joe Biden, who has a long
                       history of questioning the legitimacy of the Roe
                       decision, for aiding Roe foe Justice Clarence
                       Thomas to the court. Indeed, it is hard to imagine
                       Thomas becoming a Justice in 1991 without Biden
                       leading a rhetorical assault on Anita Hill, who
                       accused Thomas of sexual harassment. At the time,
                       Biden was so confident that Thomas would not
                       overturn Roe that he accused those who claimed
                       otherwise of experiencing a “failure of logic.”


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Nothing_Ends_With_the_Law._Let’s_Talk_About_Life
                  After_“Roe.”⠀⇛


                # ⚓ TruthOut ☛ Biden_Reportedly_Cuts_Deal_With_Mitch_McConnell
                  to_Nominate_Anti-Abortion_Judge⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ The_Supreme_Court_and_the_Abuse_of_History:
                   Rights_Will_Always_Lose⠀⇛


                       Ironically, history is central to the Roberts Court
                       assault on rights.   Better yet it is the abuse of
                       history in its method of legal analysis and
                       reasoning.


                       Starting back with Ronald Reagan’s Attorney General
                       Ed Meese conservative jurists, including Justice
                       Antonin Scalia and the members of the Federalist
                       Society, argued that the Constitution should be
                       interpreted in light of the intent of the framers. 
                       Such an approach, asking us what a bunch of
                       slaveholders, bankers, and land speculators who
                       were White and Christian thought about the rights
                       of average people such as women, the poor, and
                       people of color most certainly would doom their
                       rights.  That is why Justices such as  Earl Warren,
                       William Brennan, and others argued that rights need
                       to be looked at in terms of the evolving standards
                       of decency that mark the maturing of society.  We
                       need to read our Constitution with an evolving
                       political morality that reflects political
                       sensibilities reflective of today, not fixed in
                       stone in 1787.


                # ⚓ Common Dreams ☛ Ocasio-Cortez_Says_US_‘Witnessing_a
                  Judicial_Coup_in_Process’⠀⇛


                       Progressive powerhouse Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
                       warned Thursday that the United States is
                       “witnessing a judicial coup in progress,” a
                       reaction by the Democratic congresswoman to a raft
                       of highly consequential Supreme Court rulings and
                       the justices’ scheduled hearing of a critical
                       voting rights case.


                       “All our leaders—regardless of party—must recognize
                       this constitutional crisis for what it is.”


                # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Self-Determination_Wrenched_from_Half_US
                  Population⠀⇛


                       There is no reason, in fact or in law, to erase the
                       constitutional right to abortion. In their
                       collective dissent, Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor
                       and Elena Kagan said the majority “has wrenched
                       this choice from women and given it to the States.”
                       They wrote that the court is “rescinding an
                       individual right in its entirety and conferring it
                       on the State, an action the Court takes for the
                       first time in history.”


                # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Is_Our_First_Black_Female_Supreme_Court
                  Justice_“Integrating_Into_a_Burning_House”?⠀⇛


                       Welcome to the Supreme Court of the United States,
                       Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson! As the first Black
                       woman to serve on the high court, you will bring
                       not only your brilliance but also your unique life
                       experience to an institution that has never
                       centered the needs or rights of Black women, to say
                       the least. Unfortunately, you’re being sworn in
                       with the dumpster fire of this last term still
                       blazing in the background.


                # ⚓ The Nation ☛ HANDS_OFF_WOMEN’S_RIGHTS!⠀⇛


                # ⚓ The Nation ☛ Warning:_This_Supreme_Court_Is_Hazardous_to
                  Your_Health⠀⇛


                       I am not a lawyer. I am an epidemiologist with an
                       interest in how laws, policies, and regulations
                       affect health outcomes. But, as a scientist, I
                       can’t help noticing when current events combine to
                       produce what is known as a natural experiment.
                       Whenever politicians or six Supreme Court justices
                       (aka politicians in judicial drag) make decisions
                       that affect our lives, there is always a before and
                       an after. In some places laws, policies and
                       regulations don’t change, while in others they do,
                       and we can exploit this kind of variation to
                       understand the public health effect of what these
                       people—some elected, some unelected—have done to
                       us.


                # ⚓ The Nation ☛ What_Young_People_Face_Without_Roe⠀⇛


                       The Supreme Court’s 6-3 decision in Dobbs v.
                       Jackson Women’s Health Organization means that
                       millions of young people across the country will be
                       forced to live in a country in which they have
                       fewer rights to bodily autonomy than their parents
                       and grandparents.


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # ⚓ Hollywood Reporter ☛ Major_Workers’_Union_Backs_Microsoft’s
                  Activision_Blizzard_Deal_in_FTC_Letter⠀⇛


                       The union’s dealings with Activision Blizzard,
                       moreover, have been contentious, with the union
                       filing several unfair labor practice charges
                       against the company with the NLRB and Activision
                       Blizzard throwing up potential roadblocks to the
                       Raven Software election before it took place.


                # § Copyrights⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Cloudflare_&_Media_Companies_Agree_to
                        Modify_“Power_Grab”_Piracy_Injunction⠀⇛


                             After obtaining the broadest injunction ever
                             seen in a US streaming piracy lawsuit,
                             several media companies argued that
                             Cloudflare should be held in contempt of
                             court for non-compliance. Negotiations are
                             now underway to end this dispute but it
                             appears that can only be achieved if the
                             court agrees to modify the injunction, which
                             was previously described as a “power grab”.


                      # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Football_Piracy:_Premier_League
                        Granted_Extension_to_ISP_Blocking_Order⠀⇛


                             The Premier League has obtained an injunction
                             that requires Irish ISPs to block illegal
                             streams of matches during the 2022/23 season.
                             The decision from the High Court was made
                             under the Copyright Act 2000 and represents
                             the third extension of a groundbreaking 2019
                             injunction targeting ISPs Eircom/eir, Sky,
                             Virgin and Vodafone.


                      # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Parody_Post_About_Nintendo’s_IP_Bullying
                        Hits_All_The_Right_Notes⠀⇛


                             When I repeatedly use Nintendo as something
                             of a virtual punching bag, it pisses off some
                             of the company’s loyal fans. This has never
                             made sense to me. Those fans should be pissed
                             at Nintendo and all the different avenues the
                             company takes just to make sure being a
                             Nintendo fan is as difficult as possible.
                             After all, it’s not like I’m just making this
                             stuff up. Nintendo really is the Disney of
                             the video game world when it comes to being
                             an IP protectionist bully.


    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ On_choosing_a_text_editor⠀⇛


                       In this case ~degrowther talks about choosing vi
                       over Emacs, and wonders what effect that choice
                       might have had over the years. Personally, I chose
                       Emacs, then vim with tmux, then Spacemacs, and now
                       I’m using Doom Emacs. So I probably don’t have a
                       lot of insight into the effects of using different
                       editors, apart from it being fun to learn a new one
                       occasionally.


                       But it did get me thinking about the choices and
                       circumstances that act as pivots in our lives.
                       Things that change our path for years or decades.
                       Sometimes these points are obvious, but other times
                       they are only clear in retrospect. The biggest
                       pivot I’ve experienced was when a friend of mine
                       wasn’t feeling well one day. Nothing particularly
                       bad (this was long before Covid), but enough that
                       when I met him to ski he was lying down on a couch
                       in the bar of one of the lodges. I was still new in
                       town and hadn’t found work yet, so I took the
                       opportunity to go down to the front desk and fill
                       out a job application. Within a week I had a job at
                       that lodge. Someone I worked with at the lodge got
                       me my next job, and I moved to Alaska for the first
                       time. I made lifelong friends at these jobs. I got
                       other people jobs where I worked. At least two of
                       those people met their now-spouses. Other friends
                       helped me move and find work again after I was
                       finished with seasonal jobs, which is where I met
                       my wife.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4546

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ Links_01/07/2022:_Russians_Switching_to_GNU/Linux,_New_WINE_Release⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 6:13 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Desktop/Laptop
          o Server
          o Audiocasts/Shows
          o Kernel_Space
          o Applications
          o Instructionals/Technical
          o WINE_or_Emulation
          o Games
          o Desktop_Environments/WMs
                # GNOME_Desktop/GTK
    * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems
          o PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva_Family
          o SUSE/OpenSUSE
          o Fedora_/_Red_Hat_/_IBM
          o Debian_Family
          o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family
          o Open_Hardware/Modding
          o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications
    * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software
          o Productivity_Software/LibreOffice/Calligra
          o Licensing_/_Legal
          o Programming/Development
                # Perl_/_Raku
                # Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh
                # Java
                # Rust
    * Leftovers
          o Science
          o Security
                # Privacy/Surveillance
                # Confidentiality
          o Censorship/Free_Speech
          o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
          o Monopolies
    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Technical
                # Internet/Gemini
                # Programming
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o ⚓ Fudzilla ☛ Russians_switching_to_Linux⠀⇛


                 In Putin’s Russia 2023 is the year of Linux on the
                 desktop


                 Tsar Putin’s invasion of Ukraine is forcing the country
                 to switch to Linux.


                 According to the Kommersant newspaper, now that Microsoft
                 will not touch Russia with a barge pole, some companies
                 are looking for pirated software.


                 Russia-based web searches for pirated Microsoft software
                 have surged by as much as 250 per cent after the company
                 suspended new sales on March 4, according to Kommersant.
                 In June so far, there’s been a 650 per cent surge in
                 searches for Excel downloads, the media outlet added.


          o ⚓ Ubuntu Pit ☛ 8_Best_Tools_To_Measure_Linux_Stress_Test
            Performance⠀⇛


                 It has been said that the Linux distribution can take in
                 a lot of stress, and they can perform well in the
                 benchmark result with the same hardware as the windows
                 OS. Before running heavy software on your Linux system,
                 you might want to run the Linux CPU stress test to
                 determine how much stress this PC can take for better
                 performance.


                 The CPU stress tests are mostly run by the developers and
                 programmers who need to know the durability and strength
                 of a system before releasing this publicly. As the Linux
                 systems are free and open-source, the developers build
                 different distributions with different-level hardware
                 optimizations.


          o ⚓ Chrome Uboxed ☛ AOPEN_announces_the_flexible_ACE_Mini_PC [Ed:
            GNU/Linux an option]⠀⇛


                 Last week, AOPEN unveiled its latest Mini PC, and this
                 tiny box is the most “Flexible” device ever to grace the
                 ChromeOS space. Why flexible? Well, the all-new AOPEN ACE
                 Mini isn’t a standard Chromebox. Instead, this Mini PC is
                 a customizable Intel-based solution that can run a
                 variety of operating systems based on customers’ specific
                 needs. The official OS list includes Windows 10, 11,
                 Ubuntu Linux, and ChromeOS Flex. That’s right. This is
                 the first device to market that will actually support and
                 offer ChromeOS Flex out of the box.


          o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾


                # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Star_Labs_Teases_the_StarFighter_Linux_Laptop
                  with_4K_Display,_AMD_or_Intel_Processors⠀⇛


                       
                       The 4K Linux laptops are coming and it looks like
                       we will soon be able to buy one from Star Labs,
                       which are known for their powerful StarLite and
                       StarBook Linux notebooks, as well as the Byte mini
                       PC.


                       Today, Star Labs took to Twitter to tease us with
                       an upcoming Linux-powered laptop, the Star Labs
                       StarFighter, which promises to ship with a 15.6-
                       inch 4K 10-bit matte IPS display, 45W AMD or Intel
                       processors, up to 64GB RAM, and up to 2TB SSD
                       storage.


          o § Server⠀➾


                # ⚓ Cinchy_Adds_Kubernetes_Support_to_Data_Management_Platform
                  –_Container_Journal⠀⇛


                       Cinchy, a provider of a platform that isolates data
                       from the applications used to create it, has
                       released an update that adds Kubernetes support.


                       Cinchy CTO Karanjot Jaswal says the Cinchy Dataware
                       Platform 5.0 makes it possible to deploy the
                       platform on a Kubernetes cluster that accesses data
                       on external storage systems. That capability also
                       makes it easier to scale the Cinchy Dataware
                       Platform up and down as required, he added.


                # ⚓ Linux Foundation’s Site/Blog ☛ How_Microservices_Work
                  Together⠀⇛


                       Microservices allow software developers to design
                       highly scalable, highly fault-tolerant internet-
                       based applications. But how do the microservices of
                       a platform actually communicate? How do they
                       coordinate their activities or know who to work
                       with in the first place? Here we present the main
                       answers to these questions, and their most
                       important features and drawbacks. Before digging
                       into this topic, you may want to first read the
                       earlier pieces in this series, Microservices:
                       Definition and Main Applications, APIs in
                       Microservices, and Introduction to Microservices
                       Security.


                       [...]


                       Certain workflows are by their own nature highly
                       synchronous and predictable. Others aren’t. This
                       means that many real-world microservice platforms
                       could and probably should mix both approaches to
                       obtain the best combination of performance and
                       resistance to faults or peak loads. This is because
                       temporary peak loads – that may be best handled
                       with choreography – may happen only in certain
                       parts of a platform, and the faults with the most
                       serious consequences, for which tighter
                       orchestration could be safer, only in others (e.g.
                       purchases of single products by end customers, vs
                       orders to buy the same products in bulk, to restock
                       the warehouse) . For system architects, maybe the
                       worst that happens could be to design an
                       architecture that is either orchestration or
                       choreography, but without being really conscious
                       (maybe because they are just porting to
                       microservices a pre-existing, monolithic platform)
                       of which one it is, thus getting nasty surprises
                       when something goes wrong, or new requirements turn
                       out to be much harder than expected to design or
                       test. Which leads to the second of the two general
                       rules mentioned above: don’t even start to choose
                       between orchestration or choreography for your
                       microservices, before having the best possible
                       estimate of what their real world loads and
                       communication needs will be.


          o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾


                # ⚓ Video ☛ A_New_Sitcom_Coming_This_Fall_To_DTTV…_–
                  Invidious⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Jupiter Broadcasting ☛ A_Pi_For_Every_Problem_|_Self-Hosted
                  74⠀⇛


                       Our guest this week has more Raspberry Pis than
                       anyone we’ve ever met. We get insights into all the
                       projects he used them for, what’s worked great, and
                       what’s not worked at all.


                # ⚓ Video ☛ Choosing_the_Right_Linux_Distro_–_Invidious⠀⇛


                       Choosing a Linux distribution can be difficult,
                       especially if you don’t know much about Linux.
                       However, over the past several years I’ve tried
                       almost every Distribution that you can choose.
                       There are some that I have not installed, because
                       it was just more of the same.


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ 5_Useful_Tips_When_Compiling_Your_Own
                  Linux_Kernel⠀⇛


                       
                       The Linux Kernel is a brilliant piece of software
                       engineering. At more than a million lines of code,
                       it is arguably one of the most complex programs
                       that is still in active development today. Since
                       the late 1990s, the Linux kernel has been used in
                       both computationally intensive projects as well as
                       barebones embedded applications.


                       Despite all of that, the Linux kernel is just a
                       program that serves as a link between the hardware
                       in your computer and the software that you use
                       everyday. It is what allows you to use a wide range
                       of devices for the programs that you use on a daily
                       basis.


                       One example of this hardware-software linking is
                       the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA). ALSA
                       is a sound driver framework that is built-in to the
                       Linux kernel. It allows you, among other things, to
                       easily install a sound card and configure it to
                       immediately run with your favorite program.


          o § Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Ubuntu Handbook ☛ Vim_9.0_Released_with_New_Script_Syntax,
                  Popup_Menu_Command_Completion_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛


                       The popular Vim text editor released new major 9.0
                       version few days ago with many new features and
                       large number of new features.


                       The new release introduced Vim9 script with drastic
                       performance improvements. The execution speed can
                       be increased via 10 to 100 times faster. However,
                       function must be defined with def, and the argument
                       and return types must be specified to benefit from
                       the speed-up.


                       Legacy scripts will keep working as before. The new
                       script syntax now looks a lot more like most
                       programming languages. Line continuation does not
                       require using a backslash; Function calls do not
                       require call, assignments are done without let and
                       expressions are evaluated without eval. And,
                       comments now start with #.


                # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Alternatives_to
                  Microsoft_Exchange_Server⠀⇛


                       Microsoft Exchange Server is a mail server and
                       calendaring server. It is proprietary software
                       that’s not available for Linux. We recommend the
                       following free and open source alternatives.


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Create_a_Bootable_USB_on_Chromebook⠀⇛


                       Since CDs and DVDs have become rather obsolete,
                       USBs are now the primary tool for installing new
                       operating systems. To do so, you first need to make
                       a bootable USB with installation files on it.


                       On traditional PCs running Windows, Linux, or
                       macOS, you can create a bootable USB using software
                       like Rufus or Etcher. You can even do it through
                       the command prompt or terminal.


                       If you are using a Chromebook, though, the method
                       is a bit different. Here’s how you can create a
                       bootable USB on your Chromebook.


                # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ How_to_install_the_PokeMMO_on_a
                  Chromebook_–_Updated_Tutorial⠀⇛


                       Today we are looking at how to install the PokeMMO
                       on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio
                       guide as a tutorial where we explain the process
                       step by step and use the commands below.


                # ⚓ Own HowTo ☛ How_to_Install_Atom_Text_editor_on_Linux_Mint
                  [Ed: Atom is basically dead and controlled by Microsoft. It's
                  also bloated and useless. Why promote this now?]⠀⇛


                       Atom is an open-source text editor, built by
                       Github, It is free. User friendly. Has a lot of
                       extensions that you can use when coding or working
                       on your other projects, offers multiple language-
                       syntax support, Cross-platform editing, builtin
                       package manager, smart autocompletion and It is
                       fully customizable, which means you can customize/
                       build your own custom version of Atom.


                # ⚓ Using_virt-install_and_cloud-init_|_Adam_Young’s_Web_Log⠀⇛


                       I want to call out a stellar article that told me
                       exactly what I needed to do in order to use virt-
                       install and cloud-init to launch a cloud-image. The
                       only thing I have to add is the caveat that the
                       #cloud-config comment at the top of the user-data
                       file is required. The system will ignore the file
                       if it does not start with that comment. This is the
                       easiest way I know to launch a brand new VM.


                # ⚓ Will_Thompson:_Creating_Windows_installation_media_on
                  Linux⠀⇛


                       Every so often I need to install Windows, most
                       recently for my GNOME on WSL experiments, and to do
                       this I need to write the Windows installer ISO to a
                       USB stick. Unlike most Linux distro ISOs, these are
                       true, pure ISO 9660 images—not hybrid images that
                       can also be treated as a DOS/MBR disk image—so they
                       can’t just be written directly to the disk.
                       Microsoft’s own tool is only available for Windows,
                       of course.


                       I’m sure there are other ways but this is what I
                       do. I’m writing it down so I can easily find the
                       instructions next time!


                # ⚓ Run_Windows,_macOS_and_Linux_virtual_machines_with
                  Quickemu⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Video ☛ How_to_install_KaOS_2022.06_–_Invidious⠀⇛


                       In this video, I am going to show how to install
                       KaOS 2022.06.


                # ⚓ Vitux ☛ How_to_Generate_a_Strong_Pre-shared_Key_on_Linux_–
                  VITUX⠀⇛


                       A PSK, or pre-shared key, is a password made up of
                       a random string of characters while encrypting and
                       decrypting data. As the name implies, both parties
                       engaged in the cryptographic process are aware of
                       the key in advance, as it is required not only for
                       decryption but also for encrypting the data.


                       Hackers can’t take our data over a network if we
                       use pre-shared keys during data transfer., which is
                       important because our security is at risk
                       practically all of the time. Using a PSK while
                       sharing data also ensures that only the people you
                       wish to share it with have access to it.


                       In this article, I am going to explain the ways to
                       generate the PSK keys on Ubuntu Linux with examples
                       and commands.


                # ⚓ TecAdmin ☛ How_to_run_“npm_start”_through_docker_–
                  TecAdmin⠀⇛


                       npm is a software package manager for JavaScript
                       programming language. npm makes it easy for
                       JavaScript developers to share the code they write.
                       npm also provides a command-line interface to
                       manage the dependencies in a project. Docker is a
                       containerization platform that allows developers to
                       package their applications and dependencies into a
                       portable image.


                       npm with Docker makes it easy to package and ship
                       Node.js applications. npm with Docker also enables
                       developers to share their code easily. npm with
                       Docker is an excellent tool for JavaScript
                       developers who want to share their code with
                       others.


                # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_OpenRGB_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–
                  idroot⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
                       OpenRGB on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. For those of you who
                       didn’t know, OpenRGB is free and open-source
                       software used to control RGB lighting control that
                       does not require manufacturer software. The project
                       is focused to provide support for multiple hardware
                       manufacturers’ products to reduce the program load,
                       which is limited to Windows, superfluous.


                       This article assumes you have at least basic
                       knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
                       most importantly, you host your site on your own
                       VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
                       you are running in the root account, if not you may
                       need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
                       privileges. I will show you the step-by-step
                       installation of the OpenRGB on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy
                       Jellyfish). You can follow the same instructions
                       for Ubuntu 22.04 and any other Debian-based
                       distribution like Linux Mint, Elementary OS,
                       Pop!_OS, and more as well.


                # ⚓ H2S Media ☛ 3_Ways_to_Install_VLC_Media_Player_on_Ubuntu
                  22.04_LTS_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛


                       One of the most popular media players is the VLC
                       ( VideoLAN Client) that always finds its way to be
                       on the editorial list of best Open-source players.
                       The key reason behind its wide the acceptance is –
                       VLC media player plays files of all important audio
                       and video formats. A double click is enough,
                       alternatively, you can load files into the VLC
                       interface using drag & drop or tap a video DVD
                       using the menu bar command.


                       The player supports MPEG and DivX streaming and can
                       therefore also play videos during the download. You
                       can also play files packed by ZIP without having to
                       unpack them beforehand. Users can artificially
                       increase the volume of the film up to 200 percent
                       if the video is too quiet.


                       Common formats VLC supports are Formate: AAC, AC3/
                       A52, ASF, AVI, DTS, FLAC, FLV, H.264, MIDI, MKV,
                       MOV, MPG, MPEG (ES, MP3, MP4, PS, PVA, TS), MXF,
                       OGG, OGM, Raw DV, Real (RAM, RM, RMVB, RV), WAV,
                       WMA, WMV, 3GP.


                # ⚓ How_to_install_Android_Studio_on_Ubuntu_22.04_–
                  NextGenTips⠀⇛


                       In this tutorial, we will explore how to install
                       Android Studio on Ubuntu 22.04.


                       Android Studio is the Integrated Development
                       Environment for Android app development. Whenever
                       you want to start developing android applications,
                       the easiest and the most effective IDE is always
                       the Android studio. It is well tested and offers
                       all the functionalities other code editors provide.


          o § WINE or Emulation⠀➾


                # ⚓ WINE Project (Official) ☛ WineHQ_–_Wine_Announcement_–_The
                  Wine_development_release_7.12_is_now_available.⠀⇛


                       The Wine development release 7.12 is now available.

                       What's new in this release:
                         - Theming support for Qt5 applications.
                         - Bundled vkd3d upgraded to version 1.4.
                         - Improved effect support in Direct2D.
                         - QWORD support in registry tools.
                         - Various bug fixes.

                       The source is available at:

                       https://dl.winehq.org/wine/source/7.x/wine-
                       7.12.tar.xz

                       Binary packages for various distributions will be
                       available from:

                       https://www.winehq.org/download

                       You will find documentation on https://
                       www.winehq.org/documentation

                       You can also get the current source directly from
                       the git
                       repository. Check https://www.winehq.org/git for
                       details.

                       Wine is available thanks to the work of many
                       people. See the file
                       AUTHORS in the distribution for the complete list.
          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ Godot Engine ☛ Godot_Engine_–_Dev_snapshot:_Godot_4.0_alpha
                  11⠀⇛


                       Another couple of weeks, another alpha snapshot
                       from the development branch, this time with 4.0
                       alpha 11! Same deal as usual, lots of bugs fixed
                       and more refactoring and feature work. We’re
                       etching closer and closer to the beta stage, things
                       are starting to fall into place!


                # ⚓ Drew DeVault ☛ Porting_Doom_to_Helios⠀⇛


                       Doom was an incredibly popular video game by Id
                       software which, six years following its release,
                       was made open source under the GPLv2 license.
                       Thanks to this release, combined with the solid
                       software design and lasting legacy of backwards
                       compatibility in C, Doom has been ported to
                       countless platforms by countless programmers. And I
                       recently added myself to this number 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴
                       🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇:)⦈


                       [...]


                       As I was working, I gradually came to understand
                       that Helios was pretty close to supporting all of
                       these features, and thought that the time to give
                       Doom a shot was coming soon. In my last status
                       update, I shared a picture of a Helios userspace
                       program utilizing the framebuffer provided by
                       multiboot, ticking one box. We’ve had dynamic
                       memory allocation in userspace working since June
                       8th. The last pieces were a keyboard driver and a C
                       library.


                       I started with the keyboard driver, since that
                       would let me continue to work on Hare for a little
                       bit longer, providing a more direct benefit to the
                       long-term goals (rather than the short-term goal of
                       “get Doom to work”). Since Helios is a micro-
                       kernel, the keyboard driver is implemented in
                       userspace. A PS/2 keyboard driver requires two
                       features which are reserved to ring 0: I/O ports
                       and IRQ handling. To simplify the interface to the
                       essentials for this use-case, pressing or releasing
                       a key causes IRQ 1 to be fired on the PIC, then
                       reading from port 0×60 provides a scancode. We
                       already had support for working with I/O ports in
                       userspace, so the blocker here was IRQ handling.


                       Helios implements IRQs similarly to seL4, by using
                       a “notification” object (an IPC primitive) which is
                       signalled by the kernel when an IRQ occurs. I was
                       pleased to have this particular blocker, as
                       developing out our IPC implementation further was a
                       welcome task. The essential usage of a notification
                       involves two operations: wait and signal. The
                       former blocks until the notification is signalled,
                       and the later signals the notification and unblocks
                       any tasks which are waiting on it. Unlike sending
                       messages to endpoints, signal never blocks.


          o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾


                # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 7_Ways_GNOME_Is_the_Leading_Linux
                        Desktop_Environment⠀⇛


                             
                             When it comes to Linux desktops, GNOME is the
                             name that pops up the most. Why is GNOME so
                             popular among the Linux community? And is it
                             the best?


                             There are many Linux desktop environments,
                             but among all the options, GNOME has long
                             been the leader.


                             People can easily debate preferences and why
                             they prefer one desktop over another, but
                             GNOME’s position isn’t a matter of opinion.
                             It appears on the largest number of Linux-
                             powered PCs.


                             So here’s a look at various ways GNOME is the
                             furthest of all the desktop environments in
                             the free software world and some reasons why.


                      # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ GNOME_43_to_Bring_Support_for_Web_Apps_in
                        Software,_New_Device_Security_Info_Panel⠀⇛


                             
                             Work on the next major release of the popular
                             GNOME desktop environment, GNOME 43, is
                             underway and we’re getting closer to the
                             first alpha development release with lots of
                             new features like support for web apps in
                             Software, a new device security info panel in
                             Settings, and support for WebExtensions in
                             Web.


                      # ⚓ This Week in GNOME ☛ #50_Extend_the_Web_·_This_Week
                        in_GNOME⠀⇛


                             Update on what happened across the GNOME
                             project in the week from June 24 to July 01.


                      # ⚓ Claudio_Saavedra:_Fri_2022/Jul/01⠀⇛


                             I wrote a technical overview of the WebKit
                             WPE project for the WPE WebKit blog, for
                             those interested in WPE as a potential
                             solution to the problem of browsers in
                             embedded devices.


                             This article begins a series of technical
                             writeups on the architecture of WPE, and we
                             hope to publish during the rest of the year
                             further articles breaking down different
                             components of WebKit, including graphics and
                             other subsystems, that will surely be of
                             great help for those interested in getting
                             more familiar with WebKit and its internals.


    * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾


          o ⚓ ZDNet ☛ Here’s_what_makes_Spiral_Linux_so_good_for_new_users_|
            ZDNet⠀⇛


                 There are thousands of Linux distributions to choose
                 from, ranging from the user-friendly (such as Ubuntu and
                 Linux Mint) to the very complicated (such as Gentoo).
                 Every distribution that claims to be user-friendly isn’t
                 exactly cut from the same cloth, and how a distribution
                 is made user-friendly depends on a great number of
                 things. Package managers, desktop environments, and pre-
                 installed applications are all areas that every Linux
                 distribution claiming to be user-friendly must consider.


                 To that end, when a new distribution arrives, claiming to
                 be user-friendly, the first thing I do is examine those
                 three areas. So when the developer of GeckoLinux
                 announced a new distribution, called Spiral Linux, I did
                 just that.


          o § PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva Family⠀➾


                # ⚓ PCLOS Official ☛ Zoom_5.11.1.3595_»_PCLinuxOS⠀⇛


                       Zoom, the cloud meeting company, unifies cloud
                       video conferencing, simple online meetings, and
                       group messaging into one easy-to-use platform. Our
                       solution offers the best video, audio, and screen-
                       sharing experience across Zoom Rooms, Windows, Mac,
                       Linux, iOS, Android, and H.323/SIP room systems.


                # ⚓ PCLOS Official ☛ Firefox_browser_102.0_»_PCLinuxOS⠀⇛


                       Mozilla Firefox is a mature web browser for the
                       PCLinuxOS desktop. It is ranked as one of the best
                       browsers on the market.


                # ⚓ PCLOS Official ☛ Thunderbird_102.0_»_PCLinuxOS⠀⇛


                       Mozilla Thunderbird is a mature email client for
                       Linux and other operating systems.


                # ⚓ PCLOS Official ☛ Teamviewer_15.31.5_»_PCLinuxOS⠀⇛


                       TeamViewer provides easy, fast and secure remote
                       access and meeting solutions to Linux, Windows PCs,
                       Apple PCs and various other platforms, including
                       Android and iPhone.


                # ⚓ PCLOS Official ☛ Shotcut_22.06.23_»_PCLinuxOS⠀⇛


                       Shotcut is a free and open-source cross-platform
                       video editing application for Windows, OS X, and
                       Linux.


          o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾


                # ⚓ openSUSE_Tumbleweed_–_Review_of_the_week_2022/26⠀⇛


                       This week, many of us were busy with hack week.
                       Naturally, this took away some resources for
                       regular Tumbleweed work, but I am sure we will see
                       some new things coming out of that week again
                       relatively soon. I tried to keep Tumbleweed rolling
                       this week, which was not that difficult: stagings
                       were never overcrowded, and some snapshots were
                       relatively small changes. And so it comes that we
                       have released 6 snapshots during this week
                       (0624..0629).


                # ⚓ Camera_use_on_openSUSE_Leap_on_Raspberry_Pi_Zero_2_|_Timo’s
                  openSUSE_Posts⠀⇛


                       One thing I wanted to investigate during the
                       Hackweek was trying out whether openSUSE Leap would
                       offer my Raspberry Pi Zero 2 a nice and stable
                       option for motion detection camera recording. I
                       have had RPi 3 Model A+ doing this for a longer
                       time, and a Zero model before that, but the newer
                       RPi Zero 2 has been a bit unstable for so far
                       unknown reason. There are also some unoptimal
                       combinations of too old or too fresh software in
                       the official Raspberry Pi OS releases. You can read
                       more in my hackweek project page


          o § Fedora / Red Hat / IBM⠀➾


                # ⚓ Fedora Project ☛ Fedora_Community_Blog:_CPE_Weekly_Update_–
                  Week_26_2022⠀⇛


                       This is a weekly report from the CPE (Community
                       Platform Engineering) Team. If you have any
                       questions or feedback, please respond to this
                       report or contact us on #redhat-cpe channel on
                       libera.chat (https://libera.chat/).


                # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Obsolescence_of_ATO_Pathways⠀⇛


                       As Red Hat is modernizing our approach to
                       Compliance as Code, we are making some changes to
                       better provide our customers with the most accurate
                       information available. One of the recent changes
                       involved “ATO Pathways” — the website previously
                       hosted at https://atopathways.redhatgov.io. We’ve
                       removed the content and instead have posted links
                       directing people to alternate sources of
                       information to provide our customers with the best
                       paths forward. We explore those paths in this
                       article.


                # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ How_is_Red_Hat_addressing_the_demand_to
                  develop_offerings_more_securely?⠀⇛


                       The IT industry not only looked very different 20
                       years ago, product security looked very different
                       as well. Open source software wasn’t mainstream and
                       the majority of vendors had full control and
                       secrecy over their product code.


                       Today, however, almost every software vendor
                       contributes to and incorporates open source
                       software within their product or managed service
                       (herein called “offerings”), but does this impact
                       the security of these offerings? In particular,
                       what is Red Hat doing to demonstrate that our
                       offerings are developed in a secure manner and
                       provide trustworthy solutions? Red Hat, like other
                       software vendors, continues to monitor and
                       participate in developing solutions which meet
                       emerging market requirements, customer demand and
                       ongoing cybersecurity requirements issued by
                       governments around the world.


                # ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ IT_careers:_5_common_interview
                  mistakes_to_avoid⠀⇛


                       Even as employers scramble to hire amid “The Great
                       Resignation,” landing a job in an interview starts
                       by focusing not on yourself, but on the company and
                       your potential boss.


                       Companies looking to hire any position, whether it
                       is a CIO, a C# fullstack developer, a customer
                       success manager, or a chief marketing officer, are
                       recruiting due to need. And the need usually comes
                       in two forms: alleviating pain and/or leveraging an
                       opportunity.


                       The pain might be replacing a person who is not
                       working out in their role. The opportunity might be
                       growth and meeting new customer demands.


                # ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ What_IT_hiring_managers_need_to_know
                  about_automated_recruiting_software⠀⇛


                       During the pandemic, organizations worldwide
                       rapidly adopted digital technologies that enabled
                       them to work, communicate, and collaborate without
                       face-to-face meetings. These same organizations
                       also had to quickly pivot their hiring practices,
                       relying on video calls instead of traditional
                       interviews. To help navigate this new normal, some
                       hiring teams implemented automated hiring
                       platforms.


                       Using an automated hiring platform provides many
                       benefits, including increased productivity and less
                       time spent interviewing candidates who may not have
                       the requisite qualifications. Automated platforms
                       can handle some of those pre-screening steps,
                       ensuring that hiring managers meet with candidates
                       who already possess the right skills.


                # ⚓ Fedora Magazaine ☛ Your_Personal_Voice_Assistant_on_Fedora
                  Linux_–_Fedora_Magazine⠀⇛


                       This is a common misconception. Carola is not the
                       project name. It’s the keyword the PVA reacts to by
                       default. It is similar to “Alexa” or “OK, Google”
                       for those who are familiar with those products. You
                       can configure this keyword. You can also configure
                       other things such as your location, which
                       applications to use by default when opening media
                       files, what CardDAV server to use when looking up
                       contact information, etc. These settings can be
                       personalized for each user. Some of them can even
                       be changed by voice command (e.g. the name, the
                       default TTS engine, and the default apps).


                       In 2021 I read an article about the Speech-To-Text
                       (STT) system Vosk[2] and started to play a bit with
                       it. The installation was easy. But there was no
                       use-case except for writing what one said down to
                       the screen. A few hours and a hundred lines of Java
                       code later, I could give my PC simple commands.
                       After a few more days of work, it was capable of
                       executing more complex commands. Today, you can
                       tell him/her/it to start apps, redirect audio
                       streams, control audio and video playback, call
                       someone, handle incoming calls, and more.


          o § Debian Family⠀➾


                # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Debian_GNU/Linux_9_“Stretch”_LTS_Support
                  Reached_End_of_Life,_Upgrade_Now⠀⇛


                       
                       Debian GNU/Linux 9 “Stretch” was released on June
                       17th, 2017, and it was superseded by the Debian
                       GNU/Linux 10 “Buster” series on July 6th, 2019. At
                       that point in time, Debian GNU/Linux 9 “Stretch”
                       support was transferred to the Debian LTS project
                       to extend its lifetime to up to five years for
                       those who needed it.


                       Those five years are now gone as the end of life
                       was reached on June 30th, 2022.


          o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Unity_7.6_out:_First_major_update_in
                  years_•_The_Register⠀⇛


                       Good news for especially determined fans of
                       Ubuntu’s formerly in-house desktop: there’s a new
                       version.


                       Unity 7.6 just appeared, although there is a more
                       complete list of changes in the earlier
                       announcement that it was in testing.


                       It has been quite a while since the Ubuntu’s Unity
                       desktop was updated. The last time it was bundled
                       was Ubuntu 17.04, and the last release from Ubuntu
                       itself was v7.5.


                       This new release doesn’t come from Canonical: it’s
                       from Linux wunderkind Rudra Saraswat and his UnityX
                       project. Users of the unofficial Ubuntu Unity
                       remix, which we looked at a few month ago, will get
                       the new version automatically.


                       The Reg FOSS desk has Ubuntu Unity 22.04 running on
                       a couple of laptops and we can report that the new
                       version does fix a few small glitches. The Unity
                       remix is progressively replacing GNOME components,
                       such as the text editor and file manager, with ones
                       from other desktop projects, in order to get back
                       features which GNOME has removed – notably, menu
                       bars.


                       So Ubuntu Unity 22.04 uses the Nemo file manager
                       from the Cinnamon desktop, rather than GNOME’s
                       Nautilus, and MATE’s Pluma text editor instead of
                       GEdit. As a small example, the update makes right-
                       clicking the trashcan in the Launcher to empty it
                       work again, without needing to open the trashcan’s
                       own window.


                # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Design_and_Web_team_summary_–_17_June_2022⠀⇛


                       The Web and design team at Canonical run two-week
                       iterations building and maintaining all of the
                       Canonical websites and product web interfaces. Here
                       are some of the highlights of our completed work
                       from this iteration.


                       [...]


                       Have you had to do dull, slow and repetitive
                       actions at work? Sometimes it’s unavoidable, but
                       sometimes it can also be an opportunity for a
                       developer to rediscover what it means to be a
                       developer and solve these situations with code.


                       The UA-QA tool originated from such a situation. It
                       will help us test our Ubuntu Advantage subscription
                       system on ubuntu.com. This also aims to improve the
                       quality of our test scenarios: we can prepare test
                       accounts to hold a wide variety of subscriptions
                       just as users would have in real-world scenarios.


          o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾


                # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ ZigUNO_–_An_Arduino_UNO-sized_Zigbee_board
                  that_works_with_PTVO_firmware⠀⇛


                       ZigUNO Zigbee development board comes with an Ebyte
                       E18-MS1 module equipped with Texas Instruments
                       SimpleLink CC2530 8051 Zigbee microcontroller and
                       follows Arduino UNO form for Arduino Shield
                       compatibility.


                       The board works with PTVO Zigbee firmware that
                       comes with a graphical configuration tool to select
                       the Zigbee chip used (CC2530), configure I/
                       O behavior (input/output, pull-up, etc…), and more.
                       The developers also suggest using DIYRuZ projects
                       as examples to get started.


          o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾


                # ⚓ Notebook Check ☛ Google_Pixel_6_Pro_rumoured_to_receive
                  face_unlock_support_after_Android_13_and_Pixel_7_series
                  releases_–_NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Why_Pixel_battery_is_not_charging_beyond_80%_after_Android
                  12_beta⠀⇛


                # ⚓ SamMobile ☛ Samsung_is_rolling_out_the_Android_12_update
                  for_the_Galaxy_M11!_–_SamMobile⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Android Police ☛ The_OnePlus_7T,_7T_Pro,_7,_and_7_Pro_just
                  got_their_first_public_taste_of_Android_12⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Notebook Check ☛ Gigaset_GS5_Lite:_Mid-range_smartphone
                  with_Android_12_and_a_4,500_mAh_removable_battery_launches_in
                  Europe_–_NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Android Police ☛ A_brief_history_of_Android_gesture
                  navigation⠀⇛


                # ⚓ TechRadar ☛ Android_users_at_risk_of_new_wallet-draining
                  attacks_|_TechRadar⠀⇛


                # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ The_Fastest_Way_to_Scan_a_QR_Code_on_Android⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Notebook Check ☛ Legion_Halo:_Lenovo’s_rumored_upcoming
                  Android_flagship_smartphone_allegedly_clears_TENAA_testing
                  ahead_of_its_launch_–_NotebookCheck.net_News⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Business Insider ☛ Android_System_WebView:_How_to_Disable
                  It_or_Troubleshoot⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Google_just_solved_a_major_Android_foldable_pain_point_|
                  Trusted_Reviews⠀⇛


    * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


          o ⚓ Medevel ☛ Design_Beautiful_Maps_Easily_with_TileMill⠀⇛


                 TileMill is a design environment developed by MapBox for
                 cartography, constituting Mapnik as a renderer, CartoCSS
                 as a stylesheet language, and a locally-served web
                 interface with Node.JS as a server and based on
                 Backbone.js for the client.


                 Older versions up to 0.10.x are available with a native
                 GUI on all supported platforms.


          o ⚓ Medevel ☛ Collabortive_Database_Manager_and_Editor_for_teams⠀⇛


                 OmniDB is an open source browser-based app designed to
                 access and manage many Database Management systems, e.g.
                 PostgreSQL, Oracle and MySQL.


                 OmniDB can run either as an App or via Browser, combining
                 the flexibility needed for various access paths with a
                 design that puts security first.


                 OmniDB’s main objective is to offer an unified workspace
                 with all functionalities needed to manipulate different
                 DMBS. DBMS specific tools aren’t required: in OmniDB, the
                 context switch between different DBMS is done with a
                 simple connection switch, without leaving the same page.
                 The end-user’s sensation is that there is no difference
                 when he/she manipulates different DBMS, it just feels
                 like different connections.


                 [...]


                 OmniDB is an open-source project that is released under
                 the MIT license.


          o ⚓ Medevel ☛ Payload_is_a_Clutter-free_Open-source_Headless_CMS⠀⇛


                 Payload is a free open-source headless CMS that built on
                 top of Node.js technologies as TypeScript, React, and
                 Express. It uses MongoDB as a database backend.


                 It comes with a clean clutter-free admin control panel, a
                 rich documentation, and a developer-friendly structure to
                 build websites, CMS, mobile apps, eCommerce solutions,
                 and any web apps.


          o ⚓ Medevel ☛ RosarioSIS_is_an_Open-source_Self-hosted_Student/
            School_Manager⠀⇛


                 RosarioSIS is a Free & open source Student Information
                 System (SIS), also known as School Management System
                 (SMS) or even School ERP.


                 It is designed to address the most important needs of
                 administrators, teachers, support staff, parents,
                 students, and clerical personnel.


                 However, it also adds many components not typically found
                 in Student Information Systems.


          o § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾


                # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Collabora_releases_CODE_22.05_web-based
                  office_suite_•_The_Register⠀⇛


                       Collabora has released CODE 22.05, the new
                       Developer Edition of its web-based corporate
                       version of LibreOffice.


                       CODE is the Collabora Online Development Edition of
                       Collabora Office, which we took a quick look at
                       recently. The new version 22.05 offers a number of
                       fresh features and performance improvements.


                       The suite now supports external grammar checkers,
                       which you can check out using LanguageTool. This
                       not only detects spelling errors but grammatically
                       incorrect sentences as well as everything from
                       errant apostrophes to duplicated words and faulty
                       punctuation.


                       Spreadsheet handling got a major uplift with
                       capability to support 16,384 columns, and the app
                       can now generate sparklines – tiny, scaleless line
                       graphs, inline with written text, which are an
                       easy-to-understand way to visualize trends in data.


          o § Licensing / Legal⠀➾


                # ⚓ Ariadne Conill ☛ a_silo_can_never_provide_digital_autonomy
                  to_its_users_–_Ariadne’s_Space⠀⇛


                       Lately there has been a lot of discussion about
                       various silos and their activities, notably GitHub
                       and an up and coming alternative to Tumblr called
                       Cohost. I’d like to talk about both to make the
                       point that silos do not, and can not elevate user
                       freedoms, by design, even if they are run with the
                       best of intentions, by analyzing the behavior of
                       both of these silos.


                       It is said that if you are not paying for a
                       service, that you are the product. To look at this,
                       we will start with GitHub, who have had a
                       significant controversy over the past year with
                       their now-commercial Copilot service. Copilot is a
                       paid service which provides code suggestions using
                       a neural network model that was trained using the
                       entirety of publicly posted source code on GitHub
                       as its corpus. As many have noted, this is likely a
                       problem from a copyright point of view.


                       Microsoft claims that this use of the GitHub public
                       source code is ethically correct and legal, citing
                       fair use as their justification for data mining the
                       entire GitHub public source corpus. Interestingly,
                       in the EU, there is a “text and data mining”
                       exception to the copyright directive, which may
                       provide for some precedent for this thinking. While
                       the legal construction they use to justify the way
                       they trained the Copilot model is interesting, it
                       is important to note that we, as consumers of the
                       GitHub service, enabled Microsoft to do this by
                       uploading source code to their service.


                       Now let’s talk about Cohost, a recently launched
                       alternative to Tumblr which is paid for by its
                       subscribers, and promises that it will never sell
                       out to a third party. While I think that Cohost
                       will likely be one of the more ethically-run silos
                       out there, it is still a silo, and like Microsoft’s
                       GitHub, it has business interests (subscriber
                       retention) which place it in conflict with the
                       goals of digital autonomy. Specifically, like all
                       silos, Cohost’s platform is designed to keep users
                       inside the Cohost platform, just as GitHub uses the
                       network effect of its own silo to make it difficult
                       to use anything other than GitHub for collaboration
                       on software.


          o § Programming/Development⠀➾


                # ⚓ Flamerobin_0.9.3.12_Snapshot_released_with_a_few_Firebird_4
                  fixes⠀⇛


                       Flamerobin 0.9.3.12 Snapshot released with a few
                       Firebird 4 fixes , here is the changelog


                # ⚓ Steve Kemp ☛ An_update_on_my_simple_golang_TCL
                  interpreter⠀⇛


                       So my previous post introduced a trivial
                       interpreter for a TCL-like language.


                       In the past week or two I’ve cleaned it up, fixed a
                       bunch of bugs, and added 100% test-coverage. I’m
                       actually pretty happy with it now.


                       [...]


                       Doing more than that is hard though without support
                       for more primitives written in the parent language
                       than I’ve implemented. The obvious thing I’m
                       missing is a native implementation of upvalue,
                       which is TCL primitive allowing you to affect/
                       update variables in higher-scopes. Without that you
                       can’t write things as nicely as you would like, and
                       have to fall back to horrid hacks or be unable to
                       do things.


                # § Perl / Raku⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Perl ☛ We_have_a_new_Perl_Steering_Council_for_2022/
                        23_|_Perl_Steering_Council_[blogs.perl.org]⠀⇛


                             Following the release of 5.36.0, we have a
                             new Perl Steering Council (PSC). The PSC for
                             the next year comprises Ricardo Signes
                             (RJBS), Paul Evans (PEVANS), and Philippe
                             Bruhat (BOOK). These three will serve until
                             5.38.0 is released, at which point the next
                             PSC will be elected.


                             As described in a previous blog post, in 2020
                             we established a new governance structure for
                             the Perl programming language. In brief, the
                             perl5-porters (P5P) mailing list continues to
                             be the place where the future of Perl is
                             discussed. Anyone on the list can follow the
                             RFC process to propose new language features.
                             The PSC are shepherds for that process, and
                             adjudicate where consensus doesn’t emerge.


                # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Network World ☛ The_Linux_fold_command_breaks_up
                        text,_drives_loops [Ed: Fold is not a Linux command, it
                        is GNU Core Utilities]⠀⇛


                             The Linux fold command enables you to break a
                             string of characters into same-size chunks,
                             but it can also be used to provide a series
                             of characters or strings to drive a loop.
                             This post reviews the basic command and then
                             demonstrates how you can use it to loop
                             through the characters or strings that it
                             creates.


                             The basic use of the fold command is to take
                             long lines of text and break them into
                             shorter pieces. One common use is to shorten
                             lines in a text file so that they display
                             well in a terminal window. Lines wider than
                             the terminal width might otherwise wrap in
                             inconvenient places.


                             The fold command can also be used to create a
                             narrower file from a file with lines that are
                             inconveniently long.


                # § Java⠀➾


                      # ⚓ InfoWorld ☛ 8_Java_frameworks_for_a_cloud-native
                        world_|_InfoWorld⠀⇛


                             The Java programming language is well into
                             its third decade, and the language and its
                             byte code have found a home in everything
                             from embedded chips to massive server farms.
                             Java’s combination of a rock-solid virtual
                             machine and a large collection of libraries
                             make a fertile ecosystem for writing code
                             that runs everywhere.


                             One area where Java has struggled, however,
                             is the world of servers, which often must
                             juggle connections from thousands or even
                             millions of users. In the early years, Java
                             tools were among the best for creating
                             server-side applications that enforced
                             business logic for all users. Java frameworks
                             like J2EE, Hibernate, Spring, and the basic
                             Java servlets model made it relatively easy
                             to create strong web applications.


                # § Rust⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Rust Blog ☛ RLS_Deprecation_|_Rust_Blog⠀⇛


                             The Rust Language Server (RLS) is being
                             deprecated in favor of rust-analyzer. Current
                             users of RLS should migrate to using rust-
                             analyzer instead. Builds of RLS will continue
                             to be released until at least the Rust 1.64
                             release (2022-09-22), after which no new
                             releases will be made. This timeline may
                             change if any issues arise.


                             RLS is an implementation of the Language
                             Server Protocol (LSP) which provides enhanced
                             features with any editor that supports the
                             protocol, such as code-checking and
                             refactoring. RLS was introduced by RFC 1317
                             and development was very active from 2016
                             through 2019. However, the architecture of
                             RLS has several limitations that can make it
                             difficult to provide low-latency and high-
                             quality responses needed for an interactive
                             environment.


                             Development of rust-analyzer began near the
                             beginning of 2018 to provide an alternate LSP
                             implementation for Rust. rust-analyzer uses a
                             fundamentally different approach that does
                             not rely on using rustc. In RFC 2912 rust-
                             analyzer was adopted as the official
                             replacement for RLS.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ All_vehicle_manufacturers_are_having
            quality_control_problems,_but_Tesla_is_very_nearly_the_worst._–
            BaronHK’s_Rants⠀⇛


                 All vehicle manufacturers are having quality control
                 problems, but Tesla is very nearly the worst.


                 This is according to J.D. Power and Associates and their
                 survey of new vehicle owners for the 2022 model year.


                 Buick was at the top of the list for quality control, and
                 Tesla was near the bottom, which is also a problem
                 because it costs too much to repair them after the
                 warranty ends and you may not see your car for days or
                 weeks.


                 Tesla is also having huge financial problems and Elon
                 Musk is busy firing thousands of people, many over a
                 video call that’s arranged with no notice.


                 Most recently, he fired the entire office in San Mateo,
                 California which was working on “autopilot”, which
                 crashes into things and leaves the owner liable. The “job
                 creator” destroyed 200 jobs before breakfast that day.


                 Most of the complaints people have are with their Apple
                 Carplay or Android Auto not working properly, on vendors
                 that support it, but Tesla owners are basically stuck
                 with some custom thing that hasn’t improved much at all
                 since 2014, which also malfunctions.


          o § Science⠀➾


                # ⚓ Microwave_SQUID_Multiplexing_for_Future_X-ray_Observatories
                  |_Science_Mission_Directorate⠀⇛


                       Microwave superconducting quantum interference
                       device (SQUID) multiplexing technology development
                       for future x-ray observatories


          o § Security⠀➾


                # ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Friday_[LWN.net]⠀⇛


                       Security updates have been issued by Debian
                       (firefox-esr, isync, kernel, and systemd), Fedora
                       (chromium, curl, firefox, golang-github-vultr-
                       govultr-2, and xen), Mageia (openssl, python-
                       bottle, and python-pyjwt), Red Hat (compat-
                       openssl10, curl, expat, firefox, go-toolset-1.17
                       and go-toolset-1.17-golang, go-toolset:rhel8,
                       kernel, kpatch-patch, libarchive, libgcrypt,
                       libinput, libxml2, pcre2, php:7.4, php:8.0, qemu-
                       kvm, ruby:2.6, thunderbird, and vim), and Ubuntu
                       (curl, libjpeg6b, and vim).


                # ⚓ Bleeping Computer ☛ Microsoft_Azure_FabricScape_Bug_Let
                  Hackers_Hijack_Linux_Clusters [Ed: Microsoft media operatives
                  and Microsoft-connected sites are quick to blame "Linux" for
                  a Microsoft proprietary software issue; Microsoft hates Linux
                  and constantly defames Linux. Jim Zemlin is in bed with the
                  enemy.]⠀⇛


                # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Analyzing_the_Swiss_E-Voting_System [Ed:
                  Voting machines will never work properly or reliably, more so
                  if they run proprietary software in the stack and aren't
                  audited at a binary level by multiple independent auditors.
                  Use traditional paper ballots instead.]⠀⇛


                       Andrew Appel has a long analysis of the Swiss
                       online voting system. It’s a really good analysis
                       of both the system and the official analyses.


                # ⚓ How_to_Assess_an_E-voting_System⠀⇛


                       If I can shop and bank online, why can’t I vote
                       online? David Jefferson explained in 2011 why
                       internet voting is so difficult to make secure, I
                       summarized again in 2021 why internet voting is
                       still inherently insecure, and many other experts
                       have explained it too. Still, several countries and
                       several U.S. states have offered e-voting to some
                       of their citizens. In many cases they plunge
                       forward without much consideration of whether their
                       e-voting system is really secure, or whether it
                       could be hacked to subvert democracy. It’s not
                       enough just to take the software vendor’s word for
                       it.


                       Switzerland is a country that wanted to do it
                       right, fumbled, and in the process learned that an
                       important part of getting it right is a careful
                       (and expensive) study, that’s independent of the
                       vendor selling the system, and independent of the
                       governmental body that’s purchasing the system. The
                       study wasn’t particularly expensive—about half a
                       million Swiss francs, which is about half a million
                       US dollars—but that’s half a million that most U.S.
                       states or other countries have not spent before
                       rushing to deploy a system. After the study, the
                       Swiss government’s conclusion was, “The e-voting
                       system currently being developed by Swiss Post has
                       been significantly improved. However, further
                       developments, some of them substantial, are still
                       required.”


                # ⚓ USCERT ☛ CISA_Adds_One_Known_Exploited_Vulnerability_to
                  Catalog [Ed: This is all about Microsoft, but the page
                  totally fails to name it even once until the third paragraph!
                  The title too could be improved. I saw almost 10 headlines
                  saying CISA warns about "Linux" in the past few days, but: 1)
                  it was patched months ago; 2) it's privilege escalation; 3)
                  they miss the bigger issues listed by CISA; 4) they are
                  Microsoft boosters doing this; 5) it is systemd, not
                  Linux.]⠀⇛


                       Original release date: July 1, 2022
                       CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known
                       Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on
                       evidence of active exploitation. These types of
                       vulnerabilities are a frequent attack vector for
                       malicious cyber actors and pose significant risk to
                       the federal enterprise.


                # ⚓ eSecurity Planet ☛ Highly_Sophisticated_Malware_Attacks
                  Home_and_Small_Office_Routers_|_eSecurityPlanet⠀⇛


                       Security researchers have uncovered an unusually
                       sophisticated malware that has been targeting small
                       office/home office (SOHO) routers for nearly two
                       years, taking advantage of the pandemic and rapid
                       shift to remote work.


                       Such routers are rarely monitored or up-to-date,
                       making them attractive targets for hackers to reach
                       adjacent corporate networks. According to Lumen’s
                       Black Lotus Labs, this sophisticated campaign “has
                       been active in North America and Europe for nearly
                       two years beginning in October 2020.”


                # ⚓ Hacker News ☛ Cybersecurity_Experts_Warn_of_Emerging_Threat
                  of_“Black_Basta”_Ransomware [Ed: Microsoft Windows TCO]⠀⇛


                       The Black Basta ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS)
                       syndicate has amassed nearly 50 victims in the
                       U.S., Canada, the U.K., Australia, and New Zealand
                       within two months of its emergence in the wild,
                       making it a prominent threat in a short window.


                       “Black Basta has been observed targeting a range of
                       industries, including manufacturing, construction,
                       transportation, telcos, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
                       plumbing and heating, automobile dealers,
                       undergarments manufacturers, and more,” Cybereason
                       said in a report.


                       Evidence indicates the ransomware strain was still
                       in development as recently as February 2022, and
                       only started to be used in attacks starting April
                       after it was advertised on underground forums with
                       an intent to buy and monetize corporate network
                       access for a share of the profits.


                       Similar to other ransomware operations, Black Basta
                       is known to employ the tried-and-tested tactic of
                       double extortion to plunder sensitive information
                       from the targets and threaten to publish the stolen
                       data unless a digital payment is made.


                       A new entrant in the already crowded ransomware
                       landscape, intrusions involving the threat have
                       leveraged QBot (aka Qakbot) as a conduit to
                       maintain persistence on the compromised hosts and
                       harvest credentials, before moving laterally across
                       the network and deploying the file-encrypting
                       malware.


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ The_Lemonade_BIPA_lawsuit
                        has_settled_in_Illinois,_which_means_I_can_talk_about
                        it_now._–_BaronHK’s_Rants⠀⇛


                             Microsoft already (says) they apply both laws
                             to anyone using their products. Can you
                             imagine how much worse Microsoft could be
                             without them?


                      # ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ It’s_2022_and_women_can_see
                        a_witch_doctor_in_an_app_and_tell_the_state_when_she’s
                        ovulating.⠀⇛


                             It’s 2022 and women can see a witch doctor in
                             an app and tell the state when she’s
                             ovulating as evidence for her abortion trial.


                             An app called “Stardust” says it is an
                             “astrology based period tracker”.


                      # ⚓ Houston Chronicle ☛ Period_tracking_apps_spark_data
                        privacy_panic_after_Roe_v._Wade⠀⇛


                             When Houston resident Lauren Price read the
                             leaked draft of the Supreme Court ruling that
                             overturned Roe v. Wade, she emailed her
                             period-tracking app’s customer support team
                             to ask how they were protecting her personal
                             health information.


                             The Montrose resident, 37, is an activist and
                             data specialist for a local school district,
                             so she worried that law enforcement or others
                             might seek out data while investigating
                             whether someone had an illegal abortion. The
                             prospect is of particular concern in Texas,
                             where a state law allows private citizens to
                             collect a $10,000 bounty in lawsuits against
                             anyone who aids or abets the procedure.


                             When Price never heard back from that company
                             – Kindara – she decided to stop using the
                             app.


                # § Confidentiality⠀➾


                      # ⚓ HIPAA_Compliance_FAQs_In_2022⠀⇛


                             With many activities carried out in the
                             business environment taking place digitally,
                             the amount of sensitive and confidential data
                             that organizations use and store is also
                             increasing. The protection of private data in
                             medical fields, which can be considered as
                             one of the most sensitive of these data, has
                             also gained great importance. In this
                             direction, organizations continue to make
                             efforts to keep their data at the highest
                             level of security.


          o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾


                # ⚓ Facebook_Brands_Jane’s_Revenge_as_Terrorists⠀⇛


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ AccessNow ☛ Access_Now’s_statement_on_Myanmar_during_the_UN
                  Special_Rapporteur_on_the_situation_of_human_rights_in
                  Myanmar’s_Oral_Progress_Report_–_Access_Now⠀⇛


                       On Wednesday, June 29, 2022, Wai Phyo Myint, our
                       Asia Pacific Policy Analyst, addressed the United
                       Nations (U.N.) Human Rights Council regarding the
                       escalating digital threats faced by the people in
                       Myanmar during the Interactive Dialogue with the
                       U.N. Special Rapporteur on Myanmar


                       Myint highlighted how targeted communications
                       blackouts are being used by the military junta in
                       regions where people’s resistance has been most
                       intense. She illustrated why losing connectivity in
                       Myanmar is life-threatening – because people cannot
                       get critical information for their safety, contact
                       their families, or expose serious human rights
                       violations.


                       In her oral statement, Wai Phyo Myint also raised
                       the alarm that the military could be requiring the
                       (International Mobile Equipment Identify) IMEI
                       number of phones to be registered. Linking data
                       from IMEI number and SIM card registration will
                       potentially give the military the power to collect
                       data needed to track and locate people anytime they
                       want.


          o § Monopolies⠀➾


                # ⚓ ICYMI:_Rulemaking_Authority_of_the_Federal_Trade_Commission
                  –_Disruptive_Competition_Project⠀⇛


                       This past Monday June 27th, Concurrences partnered
                       with the Computer and Communications Industry
                       Association (CCIA) to present an event titled
                       Rulemaking Authority of the Federal Trade
                       Commission. This event focused on the rulemaking
                       authority of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as
                       the agency seems to be tipping away from the
                       economics-driven antitrust enforcement of the past
                       40 years and more towards neo-brandeisian policies.
                       The event also included the presentation of a new
                       publication, Rulemaking Authority of the US Federal
                       Trade Commission, which analyzes the “myriad
                       questions raised by the prospect of notice-and-
                       comment rulemaking to make major changes in
                       antitrust law.”


                       Of primary concern in this debate was the overall
                       role of the FTC, its balance of rulemaking and
                       case-by-case antitrust adjudication, its
                       relationship with Congress, and finally the
                       agency’s potential pursuit of problems in the
                       economy outside of the realms of antitrust.


                       Throughout the event, panelists warned of the
                       misuse of guidelines and rulemaking by the
                       Commission and weighed in on the potential harmful
                       effects of the American Innovation and Choice
                       Online Act (S.2992 or AICOA).


                       [...]


                       In contrast, Richard Pierce, Professor of Law at
                       George Washington University, argued that the FTC
                       should rely on the tools it knows how to use best.
                       “There are incremental ways of improving antitrust
                       law that can improve it greatly. Go for the kinds
                       of changes where you have solid empirical support
                       for what you want to do.” Many panelists throughout
                       the day warned of passed rules and the FTC itself
                       falling prey to partisan activity upon the change
                       of leadership. Maureen Ohlhausen, Partner at Baker
                       Botts, asserted “the way the FTC has changed
                       antitrust law is through case-by-case adjudication,
                       a solid record of solid enforcement based on
                       evidence.” Ohlhausen emphasized that this takes
                       time and patience, but the FTC was created to make
                       that sort of change. James Rill, Senior Counsel at
                       Baker Botts, echoed Ohlhausen’s point, stating that
                       “we have an evolutionary aspect to antitrust and it
                       is complex and takes time. We trade off the
                       difficulty of the method for the building of a
                       proper foundation in time.”


    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ The_Old_Computer_Challenge_V2:_back_to_RTC⠀⇛


                       The first edition of the challenge consisted into
                       spending a week (during your non-work time) using
                       an old computer, the recommended machine
                       specifications were 1 core and 512 MB of memory at
                       best, however some people enjoyed doing this
                       challenge with other specifications and
                       requirements, and it’s fine, the purpose of the
                       challenge is to have fun.


                       While experimenting the challenge last year, a
                       small but solid community gathered on IRC, we
                       shared tips and our feelings about the challenge,
                       it was very fun and a good opportunity to meet new
                       people. One year later, the community is still
                       there and over the last months we had regular ideas
                       exchange for renewing the challenge.


                       I didn’t want to do the same challenge again, the
                       fun would be spoiled, and it would have a feeling
                       of déjà vu. I recently shared a new idea and many
                       adopted it, and it was clear this would be the main
                       topic of the new challenge.


                # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾


                      # ⚓ gemini_discussions⠀⇛


                             I really appreciate all the ways community is
                             built into the fabric of geminispace. It’s
                             nice being able to search for an article and
                             see right there what pages referenced it and
                             continued the conversation. I like all the
                             aggregators that have popped up and let me
                             engage with gemlogs I probably wouldn’t have
                             found on my own. I love that it’s all built
                             out of long established technologies (all you
                             need is an atom XML).


                # § Programming⠀➾


                      # ⚓ On_choosing_a_text_editor⠀⇛


                             According to my git logs I switched to Vim
                             about six years ago. It was probably
                             initially an experiment to see “how the other
                             side lived” that became permanent once I fell
                             in love with its operation. Vim clicks with
                             me because at it’s core it is a large
                             collection of verbs that can act on a smaller
                             collection of nouns (words, paragraphs, code
                             blocks, etc). Learning it is a lot more like
                             learning a spoken language than a collection
                             of keybinds.


                      # ⚓ Some_Inconsequential_Lisp_History;_or,_the_Story_of
                        Associative_Lists⠀⇛


                             So I decided to go dig in the Lisp 1
                             Programmer’s Manual (1960) and the Lisp 1.5
                             Programmer’s Manual (1962). I’m sure there’s
                             lots of computing history buried in those
                             pages, from how real programming on the IBM
                             704 is done to how they made a full-featured
                             interpreter and self-hosted compiler work on
                             such a system. But we don’t have time for
                             that, so I just grepped for “association
                             list” and “property list”.


                      # ⚓ Explore_a_random_Gopher_hole⠀⇛


                             It works on the fact that kamalatta.ddnss.de
                             keeps a list of work-
                             ing gopherholes. This script downloads the
                             list, and picks one at
                             random using the shuf command.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.



                    ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 6505

╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕

⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 07.01.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧


Gemini_version_available_♊︎


✐ Links_01/07/2022:_Wayland_1.21.0_and_SteamOS_3.3_Beta⠀✐


Posted in News_Roundup at 2:26 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz


🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈


§ Contents⠀➾


    * GNU/Linux
          o Kernel_Space
          o Graphics_Stack
          o Instructionals/Technical
          o Games
          o Desktop_Environments/WMs
                # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt
                # GNOME_Desktop/GTK
    * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems
          o BSD
          o Fedora_Family_/_IBM
          o Debian_Family
          o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family
          o Devices/Embedded
          o Open_Hardware/Modding
    * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software
          o Web_Browsers
                # Mozilla
          o Content_Management_Systems_(CMS)
          o Programming/Development
    * Leftovers
          o Hardware
          o Linux_Foundation
          o Security
                # Fear,_Uncertainty,
                  Doubt/Fear-mongering/Dramatisation
                # Privacy/Surveillance
          o Defence/Aggression
          o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
    * Gemini*_and_Gopher
          o Personal
          o Technical
                # Programming
    * § GNU/Linux⠀➾


          o § Kernel Space⠀➾


                # ⚓ Techstrong Group ☛ Rust_in_Linux_5.20_|_Deepfake_Hiring
                  Fraud_|_IBM_WFH_‘New_Normal’_–_DevOps.com⠀⇛


                       On the one hand, Rust makes it easier to write
                       secure software—e.g., without use-after-free
                       errors. On the other hand, Rust has an immature
                       toolchain and has a reputation for building bloated
                       executables.


                # ⚓ Linux Plumbers Conference (LPC) ☛ Linux_Plumbers
                  Conference:_Microconferences_at_Linux_Plumbers_Conference:
                  VFIO/IOMMU/PCI⠀⇛


                       Linux Plumbers Conference 2022 is pleased to host
                       the VFIO/IOMMU/PCI Microconference


                       The PCI interconnect specification, the devices
                       that implement it, and the system IOMMUs that
                       provide memory and access control to them are
                       nowadays a de-facto standard for connecting high-
                       speed components, incorporating more and more
                       features…


          o § Graphics Stack⠀➾


                # ⚓ Free Desktop ☛ [ANNOUNCE]_wayland_1.21.0⠀⇛


                       This is the official release for Wayland 1.21.

                       This new release adds a new wl_pointer high-
                       resolution scroll event,
                       adds a few new convenience functions, and contains
                       a collection of
                       bug fixes.

                       This is the first release to use GitLab releases
                       instead of the usual
                       wayland.freedesktop.org website. The new links are
                       available at the
                       end of this email, or in the GitLab UI.

                       Commit history since RC1 below.

                       Peter Hutterer (1):
                             protocol: minor clarification for
                       axis_discrete events

                       Simon Ser (2):
                             util: set errno when hitting
                       WL_MAP_MAX_OBJECTS
                             build: bump to version 1.21.0 for the
                       official release

                       git tag: 1.21.0
                # ⚓ Mike_Blumenkrantz:_The_Doctor_Is_In⠀⇛


                       After my last post, I received a very real, nonzero
                       number of DMs bearing implications.


                       That’s right.


                       Messages like, “Nice blog post. I’m sure you
                       totally know how to use RenderDoc.” and “Nice
                       RenderDoc tutorial.” as well as “You don’t know how
                       to use RenderDoc, do you?”


                       I even got a message from Baldur “Dr. Render”
                       Karlsson asking to see my RenderDoc operator’s
                       license. Which I definitely have. And it’s not
                       expired.


                       I just, uh, don’t have it on me right now, officer.


                       But we can work something out, right?


                       Right?


          o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ TecAdmin ☛ Filesystem_Hierarchy_Structure_(FHS)_in_Linux_–
                  TecAdmin⠀⇛


                       If you’re new to Linux, understanding the directory
                       structure can be daunting. There are dozens of
                       different directories, and it’s not always clear
                       what each one is used for. In this article, we’ll
                       take a closer look at some of the most important
                       directories in Linux.


                # ⚓ FOSSLinux ☛ How_to_install_Grafana_on_Debian_|_FOSS_Linux⠀⇛


                       Grafana is free software that allows users to
                       query, visualize, alert, and understand their
                       metrics regardless of where they are stored.
                       Besides, Grafana will enable you to easily create,
                       analyze, and share dashboards with your team,
                       fostering a data-driven culture. Grafana is a
                       multi-platform, open-source active monitoring and
                       data visualization tool that displays detailed
                       analytics on charts and graphs.


                       It has reusable dynamic dashboards, ad-hoc queries
                       for exploring metrics, alert rules for key metrics
                       to review and send notifications in the event of
                       changes, and built-in sharing for collaboration
                       with team members, among other features. It also
                       can integrate with data sources such as InfluxDB,
                       Graphite, Elasticsearch, and Prometheus.


                # ⚓ FOSSLinux ☛ How_to_add_or_change_the_default_gateway_in
                  Debian_|_FOSS_Linux⠀⇛


                       A default gateway is a node in a PC network. The
                       node, in this case, uses an internet protocol suite
                       that serves as the forwarding host(router) to other
                       networks. This occurs when no other route
                       specification matches the destination IP address of
                       a packet.


                       A gateway makes it possible for devices in one
                       network to converse with devices in another
                       network. For instance, if a PC requests a web page,
                       the request goes via the default gateway exiting
                       the LAN (local area network) to reach the internet.


                       You can contemplate a default gateway as an
                       immediate device between the internet and the local
                       network. We say this because the default gateway
                       facilitates internal data transfer to and from the
                       internet.


                # ⚓ Trend Oceans ☛ How_to_Install_Vivaldi_Browser_on_Linux⠀⇛


                       Vivaldi is a non-FOSS multi-platform web browser
                       that is available for all major platforms like
                       Windows, macOS, and Linux. It is very compelling to
                       use and has many features that might tempt you to
                       replace your old browser with Vivaldi.


          o § Games⠀➾


                # ⚓ SteamOS_3.3_Beta_Patch_Notes:_June_30th,_2022⠀⇛


                       Support for Simplified Chinese, Traditional
                       Chinese, Japanese, and Korean keyboard. These
                       keyboards are now available in Steam Client Beta


          o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾


                # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾


                      # ⚓ The_Coding_Period:_Week_1_&_2⠀⇛


                             Community Bonding Period


                             During this period, I prepared the mock-ups
                             for the activities “10’s complement” and
                             “Grammatical analyze.” Based on my mentor’s
                             reviews the mock-ups were modified further.


                             The design for other levels of 10’s
                             complement can be found here.


                             This bonding period is provided so the
                             newcomers can get familiar with mentors and
                             projects. As I’ve contributed for a few
                             months now, I am comfortable with mentors and
                             a little less confident with the project. So
                             I decided to increase my understanding by
                             finding the sub-tasks in other activities I
                             needed to complete 10’s complement and
                             Grammatical analyze.
                             I also contributed to one another issue.
                             Also, during this time, my first activity got
                             merged (Left and Right Click Training which
                             was later renamed as Mouse Click Training).


                # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾


                      # ⚓ DebugPoint ☛ GNOME_Web_43_Gets_WebExtension_Support.
                        Here’s_How_to_Try⠀⇛


                             How to try and use the Firefox add-ons on the
                             new web extension support in GNOME Web 43
                             (Epiphany) web browser.


                      # ⚓ Ignacy_Kuchciński:_GSoC_2022:_Second_update_–
                        Research⠀⇛


                             Two weeks have passed since I started the
                             first phase of my “Make New Documents feature
                             discoverable” Nautilus GSoC project. It’s
                             called “Researching the underlying problem
                             and use cases”, and according to the timeline
                             that was set up in my last planning post, I’m
                             here to share our findings and results.


    * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾


          o § BSD⠀➾


                # ⚓ Bryan Lunduke ☛ Convincing_a_Linux_guy_to_use_FreeBSD⠀⇛


                       Back in 2017, for an episode of The Lunduke Hour, I
                       talked to George Neville-Neil — author, kernel
                       engineer, and FreeBSD advocate (and Director of the
                       FreeBSD Foundation). He tries to convince me, a
                       Linux user, that FreeBSD is better.


          o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾


                # ⚓ CRN ☛ Red_Hat_To_Offer_Pay-Per-Use_OpenShift_On_HPE
                  GreenLake⠀⇛


                       The OpenShift version of HPE GreenLake is part of a
                       Red Hat on GreenLake joint development pact that
                       also includes Red Hat Enterprise Linux and the Red
                       Hat Ansible Automation Platform for GreenLake.


                # ⚓ Nebula_on_Fedora⠀⇛


                       In the last year, I moved more and more data and
                       services to hardware that I can directly control. A
                       direct consequence of this is that I started to run
                       more hardware at my house. This change has been
                       very positive, but it is suboptimal when not at
                       home. All services I run are secure and could be
                       shared directly on the web, but I prefer a more
                       cautious approach. For this reason, I decided to
                       create a VPN.


                       My first VPN choice was Wireguard. In theory, it
                       should have been a very sensible solution due to
                       its security and protocol optimization. Reality is
                       different, though, and creating a mesh network with
                       Wireguard becomes very complex.


          o § Debian Family⠀➾


                # ⚓ Paul_Wise:_FLOSS_Activities_June_2022⠀⇛


                       This month I didn’t have any particular focus. I
                       just worked on issues in my info bubble.


          o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾


                # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ 12-Year-Old_Developer_Brings_Ubuntu’s_Unity
                  Desktop_Back_to_Life⠀⇛


                       Unity 7.6 is the first major version of the Unity
                       desktop in six years, with the previous release in
                       May 2016.


                       Unity is a graphical shell for the GNOME desktop
                       environment designed and maintained by Canonical
                       for Ubuntu. It was beautiful and innovative, but
                       another controversial Canonical’s decision threw it
                       out in 2017.


                       So, since its 17.10 “Artful Aardvark” release,
                       Ubuntu has reverted to using GNOME as the default
                       desktop environment. In addition, the last official
                       update from Canonical for Unity was the minor 7.4.5
                       version dated back in March 2019.


                       Now, the restart of the active maintenance of the
                       Unity 7 Desktop Environment is a fact. And this
                       whole thing is thanks to 12-year-old Rudra
                       Saraswat, Linux Foundation Certified Developer and
                       Ubuntu member from India.


                       I had used Ubuntu 17.04 back when I was 8 [years
                       old], and I really loved Unity7, so when Unity7 was
                       discontinued by Canonical, I wasn’t happy and
                       wanted to bring it back. I created this project to
                       give Unity7 a new life.


                # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Star_Developers_are_here!⠀⇛


                       In the Snap Store, we have a fantastic community
                       where members can discuss topics in the forum,
                       develop snaps and help others. Currently, the Snap
                       Store has verified accounts; verified companies
                       have a green tick by their name to show that the
                       snap has come from a trusted source. However, snaps
                       from individual users were not getting the same
                       recognition, even if a lot of care and attention
                       has gone into developing them. To address this and
                       give recognition to individual users in the snap
                       community, we introduced Star Developers.


                # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ New_Active_Directory_Integration_features_in
                  Ubuntu_22.04_(part_4)_–_Scripts_execution [Ed: Canonical
                  spreads Microsoft instead of replacing it]⠀⇛


                       Linux Active Directory (AD) integration is
                       historically one of the most requested
                       functionalities by our corporate users, and with
                       Ubuntu Desktop 22.04, we introduced ADsys, our new
                       Active Directory client. This blog post is the last
                       of a series where we will explore the new
                       functionalities in more detail. (Part 1 –
                       Introduction, Part 2 – Group Policy Objects, Part 3
                       – Privilege Management)


                       In this article we will focus on how you can use
                       Active Directory to schedule startup, shutdown,
                       login or logout scripts on your managed desktops
                       through ADsys.


                       In this area, as well as for all the other new
                       features delivered by ADsys, we tried to offer a
                       user experience as close as possible to the native
                       one available in Microsoft Windows, with the aim of
                       enabling IT admins to reuse the same knowledge and
                       tools they acquired over the years to manage Ubuntu
                       desktops.


          o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾


                # ⚓ Android Police ☛ BMW_is_switching_gears_from_Linux_to
                  Android_Automotive_next_year⠀⇛


                       Most drivers with Android phones are probably
                       relying on Android Auto these days — assuming, of
                       course, they have a car that supports it. There’s a
                       big difference between projecting your smartphone
                       to your car’s built-in display and a vehicle that
                       actually runs on Android, though, and that’s where
                       Android Automotive comes in. We’re finally seeing
                       more vehicles running on Google’s full-blown OS
                       over the last couple of years, and starting in
                       2023, BMW will be the latest company added to the
                       list.


                       This week, BMW confirmed that some of its future
                       models would run on a next-gen version of its in-
                       house operating system built on top of Android
                       Automotive. It’s a big change from previous Linux-
                       based versions, though the company says some of its
                       cars will stay on its legacy build. So far, the
                       automaker has yet to confirm which of its models
                       will get Automotive support, though work on
                       supporting it won’t begin until March of 2023.


                # ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Pine64_Is_Now_Working_On_A_Powerful_RISC-
                  V_Single_Board_Computer_–_It’s_FOSS_News⠀⇛


                       Pine64, the single board computer manufacturer
                       known for their range of open-source-supporting
                       phones, laptops, smartwatches, and, of course,
                       SBCs, has recently revealed that they are working
                       on a new RISC-V powered computer.


                       This isn’t the first time Pine64 has dabbled in the
                       realm of RISC-V; the Pinecil soldering iron and the
                       Pinecone IoT board are both powered by RISC-V.
                       However, this offering promises to be different,
                       with desktop-class performance.


          o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾


                # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_supports_Wi-Fi_and
                  starts_at_$6⠀⇛


                       The Raspberry Pi Foundation launched yesterday a
                       new tiny platform based on the RP2040 silicon. The
                       new device is called the Raspberry Pi Pico W and it
                       provides connectivity by integrating the CYW43439
                       Wi-Fi/Bluetooth module from Infineon.


                       The Raspberry Pi Pico W uses the same processor as
                       its predecessor, the Raspberry Pi Pico. The RP2040
                       provides two Arm Cortex-M0+ processors with a
                       maximum frequency of 133MHz, 264KB SRAM and 2MB
                       QSPI Flash storage.


                # ⚓ SparkFun Electronics ☛ Hello_There,_Pico_W!⠀⇛


                       Raspberry Pi is at it again! SparkFun is proud to
                       co-announce and introduce you to the new Raspberry
                       Pi Pico W and Pico H! With this launch, Raspberry
                       Pi expands their RP2040 microcontroller line to
                       include wireless capabilities and headers. Let’s
                       jump in and see what exactly is being announced and
                       released today. Let’s take a look!


                # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_Projects_to_Inspire
                  Your_Inner_Maker_|_Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛


                       The Raspberry Pi family has grown today and now
                       includes a $6 wireless microcontrollers, the
                       Raspberry Pi Pico W. We’ve already had the chance
                       to check it out and have a full Raspberry Pi Pico W
                       review available for anyone interested in the new
                       board. In short, we’re head over heels for the new
                       development and it looks like we’re not alone!


                       Several makers have had the opportunity to check
                       out the new boards and have even shared some new
                       Pico W projects with the community that
                       demonstrates its potential. Today we’re taking a
                       look at a few of them to get you excited and
                       hopefully springboard some new ideas with their
                       inspirational creations.


                # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Where_to_Buy_the_Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_|
                  Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛


                       Officially launched today, the Raspberry Pi Pico W
                       is the successor to the Raspberry Pi Pico,
                       Raspberry Pi’s first microcontroller board. Long
                       time Raspberry Pi fans will know that a W at the
                       end of of product name means Wi-Fi and the Pico W
                       comes with 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi all for just $6.


                       In our review of the Raspberry Pi Pico W we praised
                       how easy it was to get online. Taking a mere five
                       lines of MicroPython to connect our project to the
                       world. The Pico W retains GPIO compatibility with
                       the older Pico, but at this time third-party addons
                       are rushing to patch their software libraries to
                       work with the Pico W.


                # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ How_to_Connect_Raspberry_Pi_Pico_W_to_the
                  Internet_|_Tom’s_Hardware⠀⇛


                       The release of the Raspberry Pi Pico W brings with
                       it an interesting opportunity. In the past if we
                       wanted to connect a Raspberry Pi to the world, we
                       would need one of the larger models. The Raspberry
                       Pi Zero 2 W, and Raspberry Pi 4 were often pressed
                       into data collection duties. The Raspberry Pi 4 is
                       a bit of a power hog, the Zero 2 W is a bit better
                       but still overkill for a simple information
                       project.


                       With the arrival of the Raspberry Pi Pico W we have
                       a low power, microcontroller with a competent Wi-Fi
                       chip, in the Pico form factor and only $6!


                       So where do we start? How do we get our Raspberry
                       Pi Pico W online, and where can we find interesting
                       data to collect? Let us guide you through making
                       the most of your $6 Raspberry Pi Pico W.


                # ⚓ peppe8o ☛ New_Raspberry_PI_Pico_released:_finally_the_WiFi
                  came._Hidding_Bluetooth_capabilities?⠀⇛


                       Today, 30th June 2022, great news was raised from
                       the web: a new Raspberry PI microcontroller has
                       been released.


                       There’s something really important in this new
                       product. While in Jan 2021 the Foundation entered
                       into the microcontrollers world with the RPI Pico
                       (see Raspberry PI Pico: Foundation entering the
                       micro-controllers universe article for the launch
                       news), the experts have noted since the first time
                       that something was missing. The RPI Pico was a
                       great board, really flexible and able to perform a
                       great number of tasks. The compatibility both with
                       C++ and MicroPython made it the perfect development
                       board for those wishing to reuse their experience
                       both from other microcontrollers (like Arduino) and
                       from the Raspberry PI Computer boards, where Python
                       is a milestone in programming with the GPIOs.
                       The main feature missing was that the new Raspberry
                       PI Pico wasn’t able to connect with a network as
                       there wasn’t any networking capability like WiFi,
                       Ethernet or even a basic Bluetooth.


                # ⚓ Arduino ☛ This_large-format_laser_cutter_was_built_from
                  scratch_for_just_$700_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛


                       When stuck between a cheaper yet small laser cutter
                       and splurging on a much larger one, Owen Schafer
                       decided instead to just build one himself. The
                       project started with Schafer sourcing a 40W CO2
                       laser, which differs from a diode laser in that it
                       uses gas heated with 16,000 volts to produce a very
                       powerful beam of light. This had the added side
                       effect of needing a water-cooling system since the
                       tube tends to generate ample amounts of heat.


                       Once the laser and the necessary reflectors had
                       been sourced, Schafer purchased aluminum extrusions
                       and attached them with corner connectors. The head
                       moves with the help of a gantry, wherein the X-axis
                       slides along the Y-axis, and both are driven by
                       NEMA17 stepper motors and a timing belt. For some
                       added safety, he created a basic enclosure out of
                       plywood just in case something went wrong
                       internally.


                # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ AEC-Q100_qualified_module_features_Allwinner
                  T507-H_processor_for_automotive_applications_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛


                       Open-source drivers are offered together with a
                       binary GNU GCC toolchain, but only to customers.
                       The company does not seem to pay much attention to
                       detail as I was told about a new “SOM based on
                       AllWinner T507-H processor which features a dual-
                       core ARM Cortex-A72 industrial processor” and the
                       wrong product link (that’s a habit from them) in
                       the email they sent me, so I first thought
                       “Allwinner finally got a Cortex-A7x CPU”, but that
                       was a false alarm.


                # ⚓ Arduino ☛ DIY_diesel_emissions_monitor_is_a_lesson_in
                  spectroscopy_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛


                       Some things, like voltage, are very easy to
                       measure. Other things, like the chemical
                       composition of a compound? Not so much. Emissions
                       from internal combustion engines are one of those
                       things that are hard to measure. But Janis Alnis
                       needed a way to measure his diesel soot emissions
                       so he could pass inspections in his home country of
                       Latvia. So he used an Arduino, spectroscopy
                       expertise, and some plumbing hardware to build his
                       own Diesel Car Exhaust Smoke Meter.


                       As luck would have it, Alnis is a lead researcher
                       at the Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy
                       of the University of Latvia. That means that he
                       knows his stuff when it comes to spectroscopy,
                       which is a field that uses light for analysis of
                       different materials—including gases like diesel
                       exhaust. In this case, he needed to measure how
                       much soot was in the exhaust, which would let him
                       know if his catalytic converter was warmed up and
                       working well enough to pass inspection.


    * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾


          o ⚓ OSI Blog ☛ What_does_AI_have_in_common_with_Open_Source? [Ed: OSI
            trying to distract from the fact that it is promoting proprietary
            software and violations of the GPL (under the guise of “HEY HI”,
            Microsoft GitHub); OSI_is_nowadays_a_corrupt_organisation_that
            works_against_its_original_mission; OSI_seems_more_like_a_front
            group_against_Open_Source]⠀⇛


                 “I thought, Artificial Intelligence is a new thing. It’s
                 changing the boundary between data and software” blurring
                 the classic divide between the copyright of the documents
                 you write and licenses of the tools you use to write
                 them.


          o § Web Browsers⠀➾


                # § Mozilla⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Mozilla ☛ The_Mozilla_Blog:_Killian_Wells,_CEO_of
                        Fragrance_House_Xyrena,_Shares_The_Joy_He_Finds_In_His
                        Corner_Of_The_Internet [Ed: Today’s Mozilla has nothing
                        technical to offer, so it has resorted_to_politics]⠀⇛


                      # ⚓ Mozilla ☛ Mozilla_Performance_Blog:_Introducing_A_New
                        Performance_Comparison_Tool_–_PerfCompare⠀⇛


                             I have been a member of the performance test
                             team for the past two and a half years.
                             During that time, the performance team has
                             had many discussions about improving the
                             developer experience when running performance
                             tests.


                             The most significant pain points for
                             developers are that:


                             1) tests are difficult to run, or they don’t
                             know which tests to run, and


                             2) our tools for comparing these results are
                             complex or confusing.


                             One of the tools we currently use is called
                             Perfherder. Perfherder does many things, such
                             as alerting on performance improvements and
                             regressions, comparing results of performance
                             tests, and graphing those results.


          o § Content Management Systems (CMS)⠀➾


                # ⚓ People_of_WordPress:_Leo_Gopal_–_WordPress_News⠀⇛


                       In this series, we share some of the inspiring
                       stories of how WordPress and its global network of
                       contributors can change people’s lives for the
                       better. This month we feature Leo Gopal, from South
                       Africa, a back-end Developer and Customer Support
                       agent on the encouragement and learning support the
                       WordPress community can give.


                       [...]


                       Leo wanted to keep busy and as soon as he finished
                       school, he applied for every entry-level web-
                       related job that he could find. He was hired by a
                       company for the role of webmaster for its Marketing
                       team focused on WordPress.


                       He continued to grow his skills as a WordPress
                       developer with the help of useful documentation
                       that he could find and through his helpful local
                       WordPress Community. This helped him earn a living
                       and support his family.


          o § Programming/Development⠀➾


                # ⚓ Daniel Lemire ☛ Looking_at_assembly_code_with_gdb⠀⇛


                       Most of us write code using higher level languages
                       (Go, C++), but if you want to understand the code
                       that matters to your processor, you need to look at
                       the ‘assembly’ version of your code. Assembly is a
                       just a series of instructions.


                       At first, assembly code looks daunting, and I
                       discourage you from writing sizeable programs in
                       assembly. However, with little training, you can
                       learn to count instructions and spot branches. It
                       can help you gain a deeper insight into how your
                       program works. Let me illustrate what you can learn
                       by look at assembly.


                # ⚓ Bryan Lunduke ☛ A_Linux_Kernel_Module_written_in_Scratch_(a
                  visual_programming_language_for_kids)⠀⇛


                       On the left is Scratch — a visual programming tool,
                       primarily geared towards kids, to help with
                       learning concepts of coding. Instead of typing out
                       your code, you drag and drop blocks of programming
                       logic into place. Snapping them together like a jig
                       saw puzzle.


                       In this case, instead of a programming tutorial or
                       a simple children’s game, the Scratch project is an
                       actual Linux Kernel Module.


                       On the right is some output from the Linux Kernel
                       Log.


    * § Leftovers⠀➾


          o § Hardware⠀➾


                # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ iTWire_–_Global_monthly_smartphone_sales_fell
                  below_100m_units_in_May⠀⇛


                       Global smartphone sales fell below 100 million
                       units in May, the second time this happened since
                       it first occurred after the pandemic broke, the
                       technology analyst firm Counterpoint Research
                       claims.


                       In a statement, the company said sales had fallen
                       4% month-on-month and 10% year-on-year in May, to
                       96 million units, marking the second month-on-month
                       decline and the 11th successive month of year-on-
                       year decline.


                       It said despite a V-shaped recovery after the COVID
                       wave hit in 2020, smartphone sales were yet to
                       reach pre-pandemic levels. Supply constraints and
                       COVID waves had first affected the market, followed
                       more recently by less demand due to inflation, the
                       slowdown in China and the Russia-Ukraine war.


                # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Wirelessly_powered_sensor_evaluation_kit
                  comes_1W_power_transmitter,_two_battery-free_sensors_–_CNX
                  Software⠀⇛


                       Energous WattUp wireless power technology delivers
                       power at various ranges (up to a few meters), and
                       so far, we’ve seen it in wearables like garments,
                       as well as smart glasses and earbuds development
                       kits.


                       The company has now launched a wirelessly powered
                       sensor evaluation kit for the Internet-of-Things
                       (IoT) based on the 1W WattUp PowerBridge
                       transmitter with Bluetooth LE 5.0, plus two
                       battery-free sensor nodes based on Atmosic ATM3202
                       Bluetooth LE 5.0 Cortex-M0 microcontroller with
                       energy-harvesting capabilities.


                       [...]


                       Just like the previous Energous devkits, the
                       Wirelessly powered sensor evaluation kit is
                       designed for companies that are looking at taking
                       wireless charging to mass production, and you’d
                       need to sign an NDA first to discuss potential
                       applications with power and other requirements.
                       More details may be found on the product page and
                       press release.


          o § Linux Foundation⠀➾


                # ⚓ PR Newswire ☛ The_Linux_Foundation_Announces_Conference
                  Schedule_for_Open_Source_Summit_Latin_America_2022⠀⇛


                       The Linux Foundation, the nonprofit organization
                       enabling mass innovation through open source, today
                       announced the full schedule for Open Source Summit
                       Latin America, the gathering place for open source
                       code and community contributors, taking place
                       August 23-24 as a Virtual Experience. The schedule
                       can be viewed here.


                # ⚓ Linux Foundation’s Site/Blog ☛ Ag-Rec:_Improving
                  Agriculture_Around_the_World_with_Open_Source_Innovation [Ed:
                  IBM-led greenwashing and openwashing using the front group
                  Linux Foundation]⠀⇛


                       One of the first projects I noticed after starting
                       at the Linux Foundation was AgStack. It caught my
                       attention because I have a natural inclination
                       towards farming and ranching, although, in reality,
                       I really just want a reason to own and use a John
                       Deere tractor (or more than one). The reality is
                       the closest I will ever get to being a farmer is my
                       backyard garden with, perhaps, some chickens one
                       day. But I did work in agriculture policy for a
                       number of years, including some time at USDA’s
                       Natural Resources Conservation Service. So, AgStack
                       piqued my interest. Most people don’t really
                       understand where their food comes from, the
                       challenges that exist across the globe, and the
                       innovation that is still possible in agriculture.
                       It is encouraging to see the passion and innovation
                       coming from the folks at AgStack.


          o § Security⠀➾


                # ⚓ LinuxSecurity ☛ How_to_Spend_Less_Time_on_Web_and_API
                  Security⠀⇛


                       With web and API security becoming an increasingly
                       important aspect of software development, “shift
                       left” is gaining wide acceptance as a best practice
                       to ensure security integrates with development
                       early. More and more cybersecurity companies are
                       releasing relevant products and capabilities, and
                       the practice is becoming almost de facto for
                       engineering teams.


                # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ Exchange_Servers_Backdoored_Globally_by
                  SessionManager⠀⇛


                # § Fear, Uncertainty,
                  Doubt/Fear-mongering/Dramatisation⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Hacker News ☛ Microsoft_Warns_of_Cryptomining_Malware
                        Campaign_Targeting_Linux_Servers [Ed: Microsoft
                        constantly spreading Linux FUD to distract from Windows
                        holes (with Microsoft, security holes are
                        intentional)]⠀⇛


                             A cloud threat actor group tracked as 8220
                             has updated its malware toolset to breach
                             Linux servers with the goal of installing
                             crypto miners as part of a long-running
                             campaign.


                             “The updates include the deployment of new
                             versions of a crypto miner and an IRC bot,”
                             Microsoft Security Intelligence said in a
                             series of tweets on Thursday. “The group has
                             actively updated its techniques and payloads
                             over the last year.”


                # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾


                      # ⚓ PIA ☛ Private_Internet_Access_Now_Has_50_Servers_in
                        50_US_States⠀⇛


                             While legislators play catch-up with
                             cybercrime, Private Internet Access is
                             helping Americans take matters into their own
                             hands with our 50 Servers in 50 States
                             campaign. We now offer physical or virtual
                             locations in all 50 US states.


                             Our servers across the United States are a
                             convenient way to find the best deals,
                             maintain access to online services, and
                             protect your privacy from the uncertainties
                             of state and federal laws.


                             Set up your own cybersecurity shield with PIA
                             whenever and wherever you want across the US.


          o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾


                # ⚓ Geeks For Geeks ☛ Mongol_Invasion_Of_India⠀⇛


                       United with the emergence of Genghis Khan in the
                       early 13th century, the Mongol empire stretched
                       from Korea in Asia to Poland in eastern Europe,
                       becoming the largest contiguous land empire in the
                       world’s history. Known for their brute invasions
                       and repression, Mongols invaded and captured every
                       major capital of the Medieval World, including
                       Delhi. Between the mid-13th and 14th centuries,
                       Mongols tried to invade India several times from
                       the North-western front. However, they had to face
                       severe defeats at the hand of the Delhi Sultanate
                       until the 16th century, when Babur invaded India.
                       Let’s dive deep into the series of Mongol invasions
                       in Medieval India.


          o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾


                # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ iTWire_–_Telstra-TPG_deal:_Budde_urges_overall
                  review_of_mobile_telco_services⠀⇛


                       Australia should undertake a comprehensive review
                       of its mobile telecommunications in the wake of
                       Telstra’s bid to actively promote the sharing of
                       its infrastructure, independent telecommunications
                       analyst Paul Budde has urged.


                       In a submission to the ACCC, which is examining the
                       proposal prior to a decision on 17 October, Budde
                       said prior to this, he had always argued for
                       domestic roaming in regional areas because it did
                       not make economic sense to overbuild mobile
                       infrastructure.


                # ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ Pluralistic:_28_Jun_2022_–_Pluralistic:
                  Daily_links_from_Cory_Doctorow⠀⇛


                       Remember when they sneered at Geocities pages for
                       being unusable eyesores? It’s true, those old sites
                       had some, uh, idiosyncratic design choices, but at
                       least they reflected a real person’s exuberant
                       ideas about what looked and worked well. Today’s
                       web is an unusable eyesore by design.


    * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾


          o § Personal⠀➾


                # ⚓ I_got_the_rona!⠀⇛


                       Well turns out my mom didn’t do her test right and
                       that cold she has is covid, which she passed to me.


                       It started two days ago with a bit of a sore throat
                       and I was a little more tired than normal. But
                       yesterday I woke up feeling nauseous, a more sore
                       throat, feeling extremely hot, and a splitting
                       headache. I had a strong feeling this was covid,
                       but I still took a test to be sure. I slept for the
                       majority of yesterday, waking only to drink and use
                       the restroom. That was until I woke at 17:00 and
                       was feeling a bit better. I had enough energy to
                       eat and I took a cool shower, not cold, just cool
                       enough to cool me down. After the shower my
                       headache died down a bit and I was able to watch a
                       few episodes of Better Call Saul. Good Television
                       let me tell ya.


          o § Technical⠀➾


                # ⚓ Unbound_AAAA_filtering⠀⇛


                       If you have ever tried to announce an IPv6 prefix
                       into a network without access to the global unicast
                       subnet you will notice many things break as
                       applications assume otherwise. For me this is a
                       problem when announcing a Yggdrasil prefix (200::/
                       7).


                # ⚓ I_like_flatpak⠀⇛


                       I know! sacrilege! no new thing can be good! we
                       must be curmudgeons and Luddites!


                       I’ve been using void with musl for a month now with
                       no real complaints. One weird compilation error in
                       rust but that might have been something else since
                       I don’t know rust well. The one thing that was a
                       little frustrating was that I couldn’t play any DRM
                       content due to musl. However since flatpaks come
                       with all the needed libraries I just installed the
                       flatpak of Firefox and watched Netflix through
                       that. Easy Peasy!


                       Snaps are dumb, no package manager should rely on a
                       specific init system. Appimages are cool but
                       seemingly have failed to take off for whatever
                       reason. Flatpaks kinda seem like they have won and
                       I don’t really mind. If you don’t take the
                       sandboxing arguments too seriously and just look at
                       them as a package manager for all those apps which
                       you’d like to have but you aren’t going to find in
                       your niche distro’s repos it’s pretty good. Sure
                       the reverse domain name naming scheme isn’t my
                       favorite but it solves name conflicts for certain.


                # ⚓ Making_a_daemon_from_a_shell_script_on_OpenBSD:_Why_is_it
                  so_hard?⠀⇛


                       I’ve been becoming familiar with OpenBSD over the
                       past few weeks. So far I’ve been liking it a lot.
                       I’m getting so absorbed in it that it’s getting
                       into my dreams. That’s not something that’s
                       happened since I was a kid getting into tech (or
                       maybe it has something to do with the fever I’ve
                       been fighting off). But today I ran into my first
                       ordeal: running shell scripts through rcctl. It was
                       way more fiddly than I was expecting.


                # § Programming⠀➾


                      # ⚓ Michael Geist ☛ The_Missing_Bill_C-18_Charter
                        Statement:_Why_Did_the_Justice_Department_Remove_the
                        Document_Confirming_the_Online_News_Act_Includes
                        Payments_for_Internet_Linking?⠀⇛


                             Last Tuesday, Justice Minister David Lametti
                             tabled his department’s Charter statement for
                             Bill C-18, the Online News Act. A link to the
                             statement appeared briefly on the
                             department’s website, but by the end of the
                             week reference to the Bill C-18 Charter
                             statement was removed from the Justice site
                             altogether. As of this morning, there is
                             still no reference to the statement, even
                             though it is a public document having been
                             tabled in the House of Commons. In fact, I
                             have now obtained a copy of the Charter
                             statement and posted it publicly here with an
                             embed below. The department will presumably
                             re-post the statement at some point and it
                             would be useful to confirm that it remains
                             unchanged and provide an explanation for the
                             online removal (I asked and did not get a
                             response). [UPDATE: Hours after this blog
                             post went live, the government posted the
                             Charter statement.]


                             Beyond the puzzling removal, the substance of
                             Charter statement is notable since it fails
                             to provide a convincing argument on the
                             constitutionality of the bill. First, it
                             should be noted that it is obviously limited
                             to Charter issues and does not address
                             broader constitutional concerns. If the bill
                             passes, it is likely to be challenged on the
                             grounds that the regulations that touch on
                             the news sector fall outside the federal
                             government’s jurisdiction. In addition, the
                             Charter statement leaves little doubt that
                             questions about whether the bill is Charter-
                             compliant will also be raised. The statement
                             fails to seriously grapple with questions
                             such as the freedom of expression
                             implications that arise from government-
                             mandated payments for linking, indexing or
                             otherwise facilitating access to news.


                      # ⚓ Michael Geist ☛ CRTC_Ruling_Signals_How_Bill_C-11
                        Could_Be_Used_To_Regulate_Internet_Content⠀⇛


                             Just one week after Canadian Heritage and
                             CRTC officials provided assurances to a
                             Senate committee that the Commission’s
                             regulatory powers over freedom of expression
                             were constrained by the Charter of Rights and
                             Freedoms, the CRTC yesterday released a
                             ruling in which the majority ignored the
                             Charter altogether in regulating content on
                             Radio-Canada. The decision signals how Bill
                             C-11 could be used to regulate Internet
                             content the CRTC deems contrary to
                             Broadcasting Act policy objectives. It also
                             continues a disturbing trend of revelations
                             that have come in the aftermath of Canadian
                             Heritage Minister Pablo Rodriguez cutting off
                             debate to rush the bill through the House of
                             Commons: officials later admitting that the
                             $1B claim of benefits is merely an
                             “illustrative” estimate, CRTC Chair Ian Scott
                             opening the door to indirect algorithmic
                             regulation, and now the release of a decision
                             on content regulation that dates back to
                             November 2020.


                             The CRTC decision involved a Radio-Canada
                             broadcast that discussed a French language
                             book which included the N-word in the title.
                             A six and a half minute radio segment debated
                             a petition that called for a Concordia
                             professor who quoted from the book to be
                             fired. The N-word was used four times. After
                             a complaint was filed, a CBC Ombudsman found
                             the segment did not violate journalistic
                             standards. That finding was appealed to the
                             CRTC in 2020. More than 18 months later, the
                             majority of commissioners on the panel cited
                             Broadcasting Act policy objectives in finding
                             that the segment “goes against the Canadian
                             broadcasting policy objectives and values.”
                             It ordered Radio-Canada to apologize, develop
                             internal measures to address the issue, and
                             advise what it plans to do with the segment’s
                             availability online.


===============================================================================
* Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.


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