𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Saturday, April 13, 2024 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Sun 14 Apr 02:49:19 BST 2024 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2024/04/13/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmbHjgPAAcGNUG9Sej4vSKhK8DfUYokfFkXLdKwr1JtGJG QmdLsuRLzrwb58dZaSmJah6oCmNNZ6cW4ick4chqJmHjmY QmTNR3uqcbMYjPAbbHjBqyNJb3ib8kytQvdFnATzkBFVvo QmfCHrqMLfMsHXYnQeAvVuNYt91Zw2AmMJ5mx4RqsrWy3b QmR2rr1yXDANjQBEz2oGtd2UMgy9U37FHdjpUhPfAk7h5z QmWE6ucdKk9Q1pi6ce3ko9xPWd9Y4BjpLij3W7tJ5TMjG3 QmaoEDiALTYYZdaq3SQ86aQpMwUji1nqCeLbXAoszFRYvJ QmSTkZUY74BcgbgqS6JKwwNbVnbzY5uqwpgWtYonGJua8s QmXZcp3rXLYa24pYd7jUu6sPDrhziRCNCok875WLJTLysP QmUE7nd24kx2soZFbSYKDsb1ik1wpirFTRTBhDTj6w9sjh QmdKeWBhfnjgQLYU48wto7DdStpXsB5mE1yEEnWcxQ53vu QmfSnnTnjcAe3YvtRsVgAwUJfpcEk1dM5J5yjJLyv7MxqM QmQ16CkpxBbMzPZ6wZcuKBUcxH1RZ8uAEhcvdBsPRpVZe9 QmT3gTQRv33wEDtJveL8DiqiacGeRaxEbRFDUyVSJEAvDL QmTs9qcwghZPs5oBh9qzsu8a11T4s6xHrJjVNyk5miFy3X Qmdqd6mb8mj27qVvQZRR7sjshrXYYirWm9vRttLkNB5rW6 QmSjY85vxbu9nNFHUMmuK7CxRame2VYuhb523CJaK5zRkj QmZwah9nZHVvSzbJWEAMxumYDpanFPqTahnqoNP83tuZbx QmQWSrGfeYwgf6HE9N3742DJrJwq8uNSCUAz469CnuUFGe QmcgTTyseF5zFd4MLquM4PtJZzkFcBEqaUbqDe4eaUx6Na QmZMEFKvpgvjxAcV9Pwu7yF74LYZwS7ktdLFdYb988Ncfu ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Techrights - Google, FSFE & Child labor ⦿ Techrights - IRC Proceedings: Friday, April 12, 2024 ⦿ Techrights - 'Our' Technology Inside the Home is Becoming Less Reliable and It Implements the Vision of Orwell's '1984' (Microphones and Cameras Inside Almost Every Room) ⦿ Techrights - Over at Tux Machines... ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Google_FSFE_Child_labor.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_April_12_2024.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Our_Technology_Inside_the_Home_is_Becoming_Less_Reliable_and_It.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Gemini_Links_13_04_2024_GmCapsule_0_7_Released.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Gemini_Links_13_04_2024_SEO_Spam_and_Broadband_Nutrition_Label.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Gemini_Links_13_04_2024_Specification_Changes_and_Metaverse_New.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Links_13_04_2024_Huawei_and_Loongson_PCs_IBM_Layoffs.shtml https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Links_13_04_2024_Whistleblowers_OpenAI_and_Microsoft_Leakers.shtml ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 60 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Google_FSFE_Child_labor.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Google_FSFE_Child_labor.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Google, FSFE & Child labor⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024, updated Apr 13, 2024 [Article 3 years old] Reprinted with permission from the_Free_Software_Fellowship. FSFE, one of Google's mouthpieces in the free software world, has announced a dubious competition called Youth Hacking 4 Freedom. The target audience is between 14 and 18 years of age. Participants compete by working for free. There are numerous cases where people completed work for Google Summer of Code and they were not paid yet the rules for YH4F are even worse and the victims are younger. Google_Code-In was a similar program targetting teenagers between 13 and 17 years. Google gave the child laborers t- shirts and certificates in lieu of payment. It looks like ethical concerns may have been a factor in Google's decision to mothball the Google Code-In last year. Yet a program that is even more demanding has appeared in a Google proxy organization, the FSFE. A recent news story gives various_examples_of_Google_trying_to_obfuscate controversial_employment_practices. Child labor crosses a red line. In July 2019, the UN_General_Assembly_resolved_to_make_2021_the_international year_for_the_eradication_of_child_labor. Stephanie Taylor of Google announced the_2019_edition_of_Google_Code-In_would be_the_last_time. Taylor didn't mention the recent UN resolution, it is just a coincidence. Specifically, the rules_that_these_children_joining_this_new_program_must_obey state the following: From Monday 1 November 2021 to Thursday 31 March 2022, you will have five months to come up with an idea for a Free Software program and write it. Writing software is a job that requires certain skill and deserves to be paid. Yet only six of the participants will receive any payment. The others must work for free. Five months is a lot of work. Children in this age group have no prior experience of estimating the number of hours required to complete a project over this timespan. Some may start projects and then give up without any prospect of payment for the hours they already worked. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇FSFE, Germany, child labor, yh4f⦈ To be considered for the prize, the participants are told that they must publish all their code under a free software license: in other words, they must give up all rights to any future payment. This doesn't happen in any other industry, certainly not with children. The maximum prize is €4,096. That is more than a year's salary for many university students in eastern European countries. It appears that these are the regions where Google/FSFE is hoping to entice children. This has happened before, the Wikipedia page about_forced_labor_in_Germany has chosen a picture of a 14 year old boy from Ukraine in a German factory. FSFE headquarters are in Berlin. 2021 is the ILO's_International_Year_to_End_Child_Labor. The Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen was giving testimony in the US Senate today about the way Mark_Zuckerberg_and_Facebook_employees_systematically_target_children. Google/FSFE doesn't seem to get it. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇fsfe, child labor, yh4f, germany⦈ Google/FSFE makes the following assertion on their marketing banner: Apply now and win up to 4096€ for your own freedom Yet a Free_Software_license is not about the freedom of the producers, it is about the freedom of the consumers. FSFE's sponsors_past_and_present_include the_largest_corporations_in_the_world. Some of those companies are the largest consumers of Freedom and Free Software. They may not want to have the risks of child labor, as young as 14, in their supply chain. Some private donors have announced they are quitting the FSFE after seeing this. Google/FSFE are not the first to promote working for free. The gates to infamous concentration camps like Auschwitz bear the words ARBEIT MACHT FREI (Working for Freedom) Some 1.5_million_children_died_in_four_years_during_the_Holocaust. That is 375,000 children per year from 1941 to 1945. Today, globally, 2,780,000 children_die_from_child_labor each year. This is one of the few cases where comparison to statistics from the Holocaust may be appropriate. Google/FSFE's five-month unpaid internships for 14 year olds are simply wrong. █ Deaths from Child Labor (annually) Germany, Holocaust, 1941-1945, total_1.5 375,000 million_children Worldwide, 2019 (source_ILO) 2,780,000 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Arbeit Macht Frei, yh4f⦈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠻⡇⣿⣿⢹⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠉⠸⢙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡿⡇⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣇⣰⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠁⠉⠛⢦⣭⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢈⢉⣩⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⢴⣾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣴⣦⡷⢻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⠇⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⣤⣀⣀⢀⣤⣤⣤⣀⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⣯⠘⠻⠿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠓⠐⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡤⠀⠀⠘⢛⣶⣯⠀⢿⢿⡯⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣻⣿⣿⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣼⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢢⠺⢸⠐⠻⣿⠀⠸⡀⣿⣻⣆⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠈⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣻⢤⣸⣻⠀⠘⣆⠀⣇⢿⠈⣿⣆⠀⣦⣭⣙⢷⣼⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢤⣄⠈⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣏⣹⣿⣿⢛⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⣾⣿⡆⠉⣿⠀⠀⠸⣰⣻⠀⠀⣿⠙⣧⡙⠛⢿⣦⠻⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⢁⣀⡀⣀⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣧⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡶⠁⣼⣿⣿⡟⠀⢹⡄⠀⠀⢱⣿⠀⠀⣼⢸⣿⣧⡹⢾⣿⡆⢻⣿⣷⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣧⠈⠁⢁⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠠⠠⠙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡏⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠐⠈⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣽⣿⣌⠙⢻⣆⢻⣿⣷⣤⡄⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢀⣄⢀⣀⠙⢿⠃⢀⡠⠤⣤⣠⡜⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⠃⢀⡿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢿⠀⠀⠏⠀⢾⡿⠘⢻⣷⣶⣿⡠⢿⣿⣧⣶⠶⠶⠾⣿⣦⣬⣭⣌⣛⣡⣿⣷⡿⠀⠄⠀⠀⢀⡈⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⢸⡁⢻⣿⢿⠀⠀⣿⡆⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⣴⣾⢿⣿⠀⣠⣾⣿⡟⠉⢉⣽ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡃⣰⣿⠁⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣷⡄⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡈⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⣤⣴⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⣼⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢬⡏⠀⣼⡿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠃⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣀⡀⠙⠋⠁⣀⣠⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⡻⠷⡆⠀⠀⢀⣴ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⡆⠀⢿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠘⢸⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠤⠦⠤⠼⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢀⣀⣠⡄⠀⠀⢠⣀⡾⠿⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⡇⠀⣾⢠⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠼⠟⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⠓⠈⠛⢻⣶⡄⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠠⡇⢈⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣝⢐⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠌⣹⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣾⣛⣛⣻⣄⠀⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⡿⠏⣹⣿ ⠀⠀⢶⣤⣤⣴⣤⣐⣤⣠⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡉⣻⠀⢂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠈⠀⠋⢉⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣦⣄⣴⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠈⣿ ⠀⢰⣶⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⣼⠏⡹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠀⠠⠤⠬⠿⠯⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⠛⡟⢿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣀⣰⣤⣿ ⢀⣴⠧⡼⠞⠙⣿⣿⠿⡻⣿⡟⢻⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠉⢩⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿ ⢼⠋⠉⠃⠀⠀⡇⠁⢹⡟⠻⠋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⢰⢴⣾⠗⠾⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣒⣖⣲⣀⡤⠤⠤⠤⣄⣀ ⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣝⠁⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠻⠛⠄⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣧⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢿⢿⠇⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⣿⡿⣷⢟⡓⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠲⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⠷⢿⣽⣉⣙⣉⣉⣠⣌ ⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠘⣿⠇⠻⠿⠘⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⢸⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠘⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠠⣄⠀⠠⣤⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⠰⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡘⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣇⠐⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⣀⡈⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣹⣾⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢦⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣣⠀⠀⠀⠇⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣖⣾⣛⣷⡀⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠳⣄⡀⠈⠹⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢢⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⡤⠤⠄⠠⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢶⣄⣻⡄⠀⠀⣀⢄⡈⠨⣭⢊⣬⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠙⢿⣷⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⠛⠛⢉⣋⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣛⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣧⡆⣀⣤⣬⣈⠀⠰⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⣝⢿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⠟⢹⡿⠒⠈⣻⢟⣳⠈⡇⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣋⣛⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡍⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣸⣆⣀⣶⡇⡄⡆⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣟⣟⣻⣛⣫⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣀⡀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣋⠀⢿⣿⡛⣣⠥⢾⣧⣟⡄⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣏⣙⣉⣯⣍⣹⣻⣻⣹⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⢿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠀⠘⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡸⠈⠀⠘⢿⣷⠹⢽⡟⠘⢿⣧⠀⢀⡠⠴⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠑⠁⠀⠀⢠⣈⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⢹⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠰⠒⠆⠆⠖⠀⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡧⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣦⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣾⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣯⠩⢝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣯⣿⣧⣿⣯⣷⣿⣽⣷⣿⣼⣼⣵⣷⣷⣭⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠛⢩⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠭⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣭⣻⣿⣏⣇⣁⣻⣿⣿⣯⣟⣹⣿⣿⣉⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠰⢦⡄⠂⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣉⢉⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣬⣿⣆⠋⠈⢀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢟⣛⣛⢩⡭⢭⣍⣭⣭⣍⣭⣩⣉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣟⡻⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠃⠓⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⢈⣟⣷⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣮⢻⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠤⠀⡶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣯⡻⠿⠾⠿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⡿⣸⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣥⣯⠠⡦⠭⠭⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠥⠤⠶⠾⠿⠇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣶⣾⣏⣿⣷⣐⣉⣒⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⠿⠿⢛⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠅⠂⢲⠖⠆⠂⠂⠂⠀⠶⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠚⣿⣇⣄⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠜⠋⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠏⠀⠉⠐⠐⠰⠂⠂⠒⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠘⣿⣪⡸⡸⣩⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠳⠄⠐⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢻⣿⣭⢹⣿⣶⣾⣿⡆⣸⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣛⣹⣷⣿⣗⣻⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠇⠀⠠⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣻⣭⣵⣿⣿⢿⢻⣿⣿⠙⣯⣟⣻⣷⣭⣭⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣌⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣏⣿⢿⣟⣾⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠅⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠳⠆⠀⠈⠁⠀⠄⠀⡠ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣍⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠕⣁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⡀⠠⠄⠐⢞⡻⠟⠈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣸⣿⢺⣙⢿⣮⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠠⣴⣾⣿⣟⢸⢀⢀⣄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠄⠀⠀⠂⠰⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢠⣿⣯⣆⠳⡿⠛⢁⣴⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠁⠀⣀⢀⣀⣄⣤⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣧⠀⠈⢿⣟⠀⣾⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠘⠗⡂⠀⠀⠠⠀⢀⠀⠀ ⠋⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣾⣿⠏⠘⢆⠀⠀⣔⢸⠀⣾⠆⡄⠊⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢀⠠⠀⠀⡀⡀⣄⠤⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠄⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⢄⠀⡄⠀⠠⠤⣢⡀⠁⠀⠁⡄⠄⠔⡈⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⣀⣀⢬⡍⣚⡛⠿⠿⡀⡀⠀⠀⣀⣀⢠⠰⠠⠶⠒⣰⡇⠀⢡⢸⡶⣾⡇⠀⠀⡄⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠉⠁⠀⣐⣤⣠⡀⠣⡆⣾⣿⣇⣤⣦⣼⣷ ⣒⢪⠽⢿⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠒⣵⣿⣿⢀⣼⣷⣿⣗⠀⠄⠀⠁⡶⠢⠀⢸⠀⠠⠒⢹⡇⠀⢸⠸⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⡇⡅⠀⠤⠂⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⢿⣿⣷⣄⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠁⠁⠀⠒⣳⠓⠓⠶⠾⠀⠀⢀⣉⣓⠓⠰⠨⣿⣿⡃⢀⡀⠀⠀⢝⣺⠀⠘⠀⠠⠊⢠⣤⣤⢤⣴⣿⣿⡟⠂⠰⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⠘⠀⠁⢰⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠀⢿⠏⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⠠⠀⢀⣿⡀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠃⠈⠠⠆⠠⢨⡌⣀⢀⡀⠰⠃⢸⣿⣿⣃⠘⢸⡿⡿⣿⣿⣻⡿⠇⠈⠀⠊⠂⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠂⢸⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣭⣭⣭ ⢪⠳⠀⣸⠛⢁⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⢀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠈⠁⠁⠛⠸⠛⠓⠃⠘⠈⡟⡋⠉⢩⣻⡎⡃⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠌⠀⠀⢘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⠿⠟ ⠂⠨⠇⠟⠀⢢⠇⢄⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⢀⠉⠁⠁⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⢸⢿⣟⠋⠑⠂⠀⠀⢀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠉⠀⠉⠀⠤⠛⠒⠀⠀⢀⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢖⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡅⠀⢸⠶⣧⡒⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⡈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠁⡁⣀⠠⣶⢕⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⠀⡀⡀⣀⣰⣀⢠⣀⢀⣀⣀⡠⡄⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠁⡤⠯⠀⣀⠀⣀⢦⣄⣡⢁⣉⢛⣉⡁⢉⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣀⢠⣆⡀⢀⣀⢀⡀⢀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡤⠚⠛⢃⣷⠓⠻⠚⠛⢘⠘⠈⠟⢟⠘⠋⠛⠐⠛⠰⠀⠀⠓⠞⠛⠻⠛⠋⠘⠙⠙⠘⠿⠚⠛⠃⠀⠛⠛⠙⠻⠛⠋⠘⠛⠀⠘⠛⠸⠻⠘⠘⠘⢸⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠈⠀⠢⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢮⡺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠙⠫⢵⣿⡤⣤⠄⡧⡄⣤⡄⣥⢴⢤⡤⡤⡤⡄⣤⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣦⠀⢰⡯⣤⣤⣴⣾⣧⣿⣯⣤⣶⡟⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⡀⡀⣀⠉⠀⠉⢉⡀⠉⠁⣩⡁⠉⠈⠁⣀⣉⣉⣁⣉⣭⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠛⠛⠀⠁⠈⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⠚⠚⣛⣛⣂⣀⣀⣯⣈⣿⣽⣧⣮⣷⣾⣷⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⠇⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣉⣉⣍⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠀⣸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 302 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_April_12_2024.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/IRC_Proceedings_Friday_April_12_2024.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ IRC Proceedings: Friday, April 12, 2024⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Acrylic_painting_of_the_remains_of_a_house,_in_a_village_in the_New_Territories,_Hong_Kong⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #techrights_log #boycottnovell_log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GN 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNOME_Gedit⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log #techbytes_log =============================================================================== The corresponding text-only bulletins for_Tux_Machines and for_Techrights contain all the text. Enter_the_IRC_channels_now ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠟⡿⡿⠿⠃⠉⠉⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠏⠘⠛⠘⠃⠈⠉⠀⠀⠉⠀⠛⠺⠿⠇⠛⠨⠁⠂⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣽⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠾⢿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠛⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⢀⡙⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣶⣿⣧⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡴⠤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣈⠛⠻⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁ ⠀⠠⡀⢀⣀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⣀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠄⠀⢠⠀⢠⠀⠠⠉⡁⠈⠁⢨⠉⠠⠀⡄⠉⢩⠁⢠⠀⢨⠍⢡⡄⠀⡀ ⠀⠀⢰⡿⡿⠇⢿⠋⠃⠃⠙⠁⠳⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡗⠀⡼⠀⡀⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠠⠀⣶⠀⠨⠀⢸⠄⠸⡀⠈⣇⠀⡇ ⠖⣽⠉⠹⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⢘⢶⢦⣀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠁⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠐⠀⠀⠇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⠃⠐⠀⢸⠀⢰⠀⢺⠀⢰⠀⠈⠀⠈⡇⠀⠇⠀⠁ ⠈⠨⠀⠀⠐⠠⠀⠂⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⡋⡝⠁⠶⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠃⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠁⢰⡇⢀⡇⢰⠁⢨⠀⢘⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠈⡇⠀⣇⠀⢰⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠐⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⡃⠀⠤⠫⢲⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠸⠀⠀⠇⠀⠐⠀⠀⠁⠀⡀⠀⢰⠀⠀⡈⠀⢸⠁⢸⠀⢸⠄⢸⠀⠸⠀⠸⠀⢠⠀⢸⡀⠀⡇⠀⣿⠀⢘⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⠀⢃⠐⣁⡟⠙⠁⢀⢑⠐⠀⢼⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡌⠀⠀⠃⠀⠸⠀⠀⠆⠀⡀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⡈⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠸⡃⠀⠖⠀⢻⠀⢸⡂⠀ ⠀⠀⡀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⢼⠉⠄⠀⠀⠀⢈⠔⡀⠘⣿⢿⣷⣀⣤⣆⠀⢀⠄⠀⢰⠁⠀⢨⠀⠀⡇⠀⢸⠁⢀⡇⠀⣴⠀⠀⡇⠀⢰⠀⠀⡏⠀⣾⠀⢸⠀⢰⠀⢰⠀⢰⠀⢸⠂⠘⡇⠀⢻⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⢡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠄⠀⣥⠺⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⣀⠄⠀⡭⠁⠍⠽⠖⢈⢀⡂⡀⠐⡂⢀⠐⠀⢀⠀⠈⢀⠈⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠄⠠⠤⠤⠠⠀⠠⠐⠔⠤⠁⠐⠀ ⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡘⢀⣀⣀⣸⣀⡨⠄⡀⡀⣀⡤⠄⠀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠠⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣤⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣲⣖ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣇⠀⣀⢁⡀⡍⡉⡀⠀⣵⢈⣧⣗⡇⣩⠀⢠⠀⣴⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⡀⠖⠂⠴⣶⢠⡐⠠⣦⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢽⣿⠀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⡯⠘⡇⡇⡇⡆⠀⣯⡿⣷⣿⣡⡯⢀⢸⠙⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡧⠄⠤⠤⠐⠒⠐⠆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡉⠉⠀⠌ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣯⣿⣿⣿⠀⣧⣇⣀⣃⣀⢻⡞⣷⡹⣽⣝⡼⢸⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⡨⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢀⣈⣀⡃ ⠀⠀⢘⣧⡈⢹⣿⣿⣟⣡⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡾⣻⣼⣶⡏⣻⣤⠈⡽⡗⠘⠸⠘⠠⠀⠀⠁⠘⠐⠀⠱⠽⣿⣿⡇⠉⠉⠉⠅⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⡄ ⠴⡖⣸⣿⢴⢜⣿⣼⣿⠜⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣧⠶⠀⠃⡣⠐⡀⠀⠠⠐⠒⠀⠈⠐⠚⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣧⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷ ⠶⢦⣿⣿⣬⣂⢿⣷⡿⣾⣇⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣹⠱⡇⡀⠀⠰⠤⠀⠂⠈⠃⠀⠁⠉⠠⢀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡨⣮⣽⣟⠻⣷⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣧⣿⠀⠤⣷⡞⢖⠰⠠⢀⢠⣴⢶⣶⣞⣄⣒⣴⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣽⣧⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠇⠟⣿⠛⠻⠿⡛⠟⠻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⠀⡇⠇⡬⢨⣝⣸⣺⣿⣿⣿⣍⣓⣏⣮⣟⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣇⣤⣿⣿⢀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⡁⣿⠼⣿⣿⡰⣰⡁⣡⡴⠓⢡⣿⡉⠥⣿⢾⣺⠓⣿⣻⡇⠡⣾⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⣠⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢩⣻⣤⣽⣿⢈⠉⡈⠀⣀⡀⣦⣯⣿⡟⠉⠧⢘⣑⡀⠼⠷⠙⣆⣷⣾⢻⠋⣿⣿⣱⣽⣳⡯⣿⣿⣳⣌⣲⣄⠐⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣏⡉⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⣟⡹⣻⣯⣿⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⣷⣿⣯⣳⣿⣾⡿⣧⣭⣣⣖⢹⢧⣘⣾⣟⡿⣿⣗⣬⣺⣿⣿⣿⣓⣼⢠⣿⣽⢹⣹⣿⣿⣧⡏⠉⠈⢿⣿⢿⡿⠛⠁⠀⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡖⠛⢿⣿⣛⣛⡏⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⢃⡘⢻⡷⠚⢽⣭⠯⣽⠷⠹⢟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣯⣿⣤⣘⠛⠻⣿⣾⢭⣿⣿⣾⡏⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣤⣬⣼⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣭⣥⣤⣥⣧⣤⣯⣥⣭⣯⣧⣽⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⠈ ⠛⣿⣶⡛⠏⠄⠈⠀⠐⠃⠯⣡⠗⣹⠻⡿⢗⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⡙⣹⣿⣿⣿⣯⢛⣯⣭⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣭⣯⣭⡟⣝⣿⠀ ⣡⡿⢱⣷⣲⣬⣁⠀⠀⣴⠶⢾⣧⣹⢴⣃⡈⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷ ⣼⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣯⣥⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣯⣿⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣬ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣴⣦⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣉⡉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣌⣉⡙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣈⣉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⡙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣄⣉⡙⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣉⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣌⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⡙⠛⠋⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣍⣉⡛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣉⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣠⣄⣈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣷⠌⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⡉⠁⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣀⣀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣬⣍⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣬⣉⡛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⡛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣍⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣬⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣍⣙⣛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣭⣉⣛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 531 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Our_Technology_Inside_the_Home_is_Becoming_Less_Reliable_and_It.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Our_Technology_Inside_the_Home_is_Becoming_Less_Reliable_and_It.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 'Our' Technology Inside the Home is Becoming Less Reliable and It Implements the Vision of Orwell's '1984' (Microphones and Cameras Inside Almost Every Room)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Do_Not_Comply_Sticker⦈_ Technology controlled by who exactly? THIS is not a particularly controversial opinion or technical assessment. 'Modern' systems are in some ways - perhaps in many/most ways - worse than what they replace. I gave travel as an example a_couple_of_days_ago, but even inside one's own home things can get... "Orwellian". This isn't even a matter of "smart home" (worthless gadgets everywhere) anymore; "spymeters" and "spyphones" aside, many of today's routers or pseudo- 'landlines' contain a share of malicious features and they're difficult to turn down. People need access to the Net and to emergency services. The frog is being boiled. It does not know it yet. Buzzwords and hype set aside, the technical details should matter. Back in the 1970s people asked questions like, "does your information system use bubble sort?" By the 1980s things were getting proprietary and people chose brands. Decision-making people inside ordinary businesses would ask questions like, "how much does it cost?" They hardly even knew what they were buying. They were no longer technical and proprietary systems are sold by catalogues (marketing). In the 1990s we started seeing the Web hype; towards the late 90s people asked, "does it run with Java or JavaScript in a browser?" In the 2000s they started calling the same stuff "SaaS" and then "CLOUD" with "APP". Since 2023 or thereabouts, as people were getting fed up with everything "on the cloud" (i.e. getting outsourced), they try to entertain us with useless (as in, no potent use cases) "GENERATIVE HEY HI" (G.A.I.) after failing to impress with "Web3", "AR", "metaverse" etc. Let's examine what's around us in our lives and inside the home. Many have a whole computer with "WiFi" and some "APP" for various appliances. The appliances that lack these still exist and so do cars (we covered this issue in relation to cars some years ago). These appliances can be a lot more reliable because their functionality does not strongly/strictly depend on the integrity of some computer chip, network connectivity etc. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Small_Car⦈_ Several times in recent months I complained that landlines were being replaced over here (lots of E-mail sent about this) and rapidly phased out. Without much consultation they switch off the copper lines, only to be replaced by something vastly less reliable which depends on power being up and Internet being up (and correctly configured). A month ago I heard the_CyberShow_making_that_very_same argument; maybe they had heard what I said or maybe the same conclusions were independently reached. Probably the latter. In the 1970s, when manual switchboards were being phased out already, people could ask, "does your telephone system work reliably?" By the 1980s: "what brand is it?" In the 1990s: "how long does your phone battery last?" Remember when mobile phones could run OK for weeks without charging? Before all that "SMART" hype? Since 2020 or thereabouts we've seen lots of online debate about how_many bits of malware tap onto a phone's microphone and 2+ high-resolution cameras. After Pegasus revelations people begrudgingly realise they cannot trust 'their' phone; even relatives of high-profile people are targeted. The phone and camera can be remotely accessed at any time, not just by Google or Apple or the US government. The local government might be a client of NSO Group. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Satellite_Dish_CCTV_Camera⦈_ This emergent issue is no longer limited to "modern" mobile phones. "There appears to be a huge push to get cameras or at least microphones onto each television, whether old or new," a friend tells me. As it turns out, an ISP has discontinued service for an old box and gave a new one which "the sales liar claimed was the same". "It was Google Android with a microphone and had a Terms and Conditions which was scores of screens long. I did not agree, and the device is unusable without agreeing. IIRC forced consent like that is illegal in the EU. So we've boxed it up and will take it back. I will now have to waste time experimenting with Kodi." In 2016 Wikileaks_got_evidence (published a year later in March) that the CIA was tapping onto these things and "even [onto] Samsung TVs, which are turned into covert microphones." Do we want TVs that watch the watchers and listen to everyone nearby, potentially all the time? This was in the news a few days ago: * ⚓ Thousands_of_LG_TVs_Possibly_Exposed_to_Remote_Hacking⠀⇛ Many LG TVs may be vulnerable to remote hacking due to a series of vulnerabilities found by Bitdefender researchers. * ⚓ 'LG'_TV_owners_in_Latvia_asked_to_check_security_updates⠀⇛ More than 3,000 'LG' TV sets in Latvia are potentially vulnerable, according to the Information Technology Security Incident Response Team "Cert". The issue is not limited to South Korean brands like Samsung and LG. It's becoming or has already become a "norm" of sorts. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇1984 Nineteen Eighty Four Graffiti⦈ Should we simply come to expect this to happen? Sadly, organisations like the FSF, which definitely has capacity to talk about this issue, have said almost nothing. As we noted the other day, the FSF did not even mention three public talks by its own founder (RMS) in Italy this past week! RMS did speak about "smart" TVs, but the FSF barely has any written material about it. Devin Ulibarri left and there's still no word written or said about what IBM is doing_to_work_around_or_violate_the_GPL. Does the FSF plan to bother with enforcement? Well, "smart" TVs are part of a broader class of appliances that spy; to be clear, I don't have one, never had one, so I am not qualified to comment on pertinent details (my last TV was a CRT). "It tries to get you to enter Google login credentials," a friend tells me, "and then your networking info and then all hell breaks loose and only then does it go to the license/terms and conditions. The new TVs in the store have cameras. Louis_Rossmann has ranted a lot about how the TV software misbehaves." 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇CCTV_Cameras_In_Operation⦈_ "Those LG televisions are using un-updated, stolen Linux. The illicit nature of their theft is part of the reason they are breached. If they had been above board, then there would most likely not have been a problem. Furthermore, most of those new TVs have microphones and an increasing number are burdened with active cameras. All these appliances are using stolen Linux and more, LF [Linux Foundation] is quiet on that." Several years ago the OSI's co-founder Bruce Perens said that the “Linux Foundation_is_a_[GPL]_Infringer's_Club.” GPL enforcement against a TV maker was attempted by SFC and it is still work in progress. Meanwhile, Microsoft continues attacking the GPL under the guise of "AI" or "CoPilot" and it bribes the OSI to play along with these GPL violations (ironic given what Perens said). But that's a topic to be set aside for another day. The Microsoft-friendly Michael Larabel is choking on Microsoft_PR (covering every minor bug fix release that only Microsoft will use anyway; the Microsofters_love_this). This "Azure Linux" thing from Microsoft is something along the lines of, "we own Linux. Spread the word." psydruid (in IRC) said that "Microsoftix [is] covering Azure Mariner", but it's worse, it is tacitly promoting it. Microsoft is trying to rebrand everything "Azure" and "AI" to fake growth in so-called "growth" areas, or "strategic" areas, and some "Linux" sites help this fraud. As it is not brand new, only the name/label is new, there's really nothing newsworthy here, they just announce it again, then Microsoft (and Michael Larabel) make a lot of noise about it. There is a much bigger issue here. "RMS has been well and truly cancelled since even FSF does not announce his speaking events any more," an associate says. "Microsoft has succeeded in making FSF irrelevant (sadly) and (worse) getting the FSF to actively participate in its own decline." 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Smart_phone_in_hands⦈_ The FSF's blog barely publishes anything this year. Not even once a week (on average). There are many issues worth covering every day. They have many experts - vastly more than we have. One thing I can comment on (and did comment on in the past) is how BT is forcing everyone to abandon landlines and move to digital VOIP phones. It does not matter if it runs BSD or Linux or Hurd or whatever if they can remotely turn those things into speaker mode always-on listening devices (usually 2 in each home, cordless too). Even though the router has no visible speaker or camera (not yet anyway) the ISP supplies equipment that has sensitive microphones (for speaker mode) and it is "free". As the CyberShow's Andy has pointed out, maybe partly inspired by Techrights, these phones are not good in a case of emergency as they depend on you having both Internet and power. As a reminder, the copper lines used to be enough 'juice' to power the "real" phones. And now? Sometimes the calls drop due to Internet disruptions and power going out (the battery in the phone you hold does not matter; the router needs energy too). Then what? How to phone the energy supplier??? Catch-22. You must have energy supply to phone the energy supplier. Speaking to a friend, I now realise that in some places landlines aren't even a possibility anymore. "They already forced abandonment of the landline some years ago," a friend told me. "Lightning took ours out and they refused to even consider repairing it." For the time being, on the upside (ending on a more positive note), avoiding spymeters is feasible, but only if you're willing to tolerate literally hundreds of nags in a decade (they phone you, they send you post about it, they E-mail you all the time). Thankfully here, with our energy supplier, more_than a_third_of_customers_turned_down_spymeters_after_10_years_of_constant_nagging. Years ago they said there was a government "deadline" for moving to spymeters, but of course that was a lie (it didn't happen), as I insisted when they preached on the phone like there was a sense of urgency. Now a lot of these spymeters are becoming a national emergency because they're failing and because they can be remotely taken over by hostile nations. Appliances that are "modern" or newer aren't always better. They ought to be judged based on criteria that include security, privacy, reliability, repairability etc. Not a list of so-called 'features'. If enough people understand this and can explain this, more people will turn down spying devices disguised as a gateway to easier lifestyles. We need to create demand for devices that respect users, irrespective of how many features they offer. Resistance is still possible. If it does not prevent, at least it can delay. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡀⢀⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣧⣸⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⡏⠀⠹⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣸⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣧⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣀⡄⠀⠸⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣿⣿⡿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⣿⡿⠿⠇⠀⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣉⣉⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣭⣭⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣆⣷⣶⣶⣲⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⠃⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣉⣉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠶⠶⠻⠿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣀⣤⣶⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣦⣀⣭⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⠤⠤⠤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⡇⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⡏⠰⠊⠁⣀⣠⣽⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡴⠛⠛⢻⣿⣭⣭⡍⠉⠉⠉⣩⠿⣭⠉⠉⠉⠉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠛⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⢳⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣬⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⢿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣽⣷⣏⣤⣠⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⠁⠀⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣤⣀⣀⣀⣤⣼⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠶⣦⣄⣀⣠⣄⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⠃⠉⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⠛⠁⢸⣅⢸⣿⣰⣿⢻⣿⣦⠀⠀⢃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⣼⢠⣧⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⣤⣤⣤⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⡌⠳⡄⠀⢹⡁⠀⡄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⢿⣿⡇⠀⢘⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠤⠄⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⢉⣉⣩⣩⣡⣀⡿⠀⢘⡁⣼⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠛⠛⠋⠉⣉⠁⠤⠤⠤⠴⠶⠶⢶⣒⠒⠂⠀⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠹⣴⣿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣴⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡇⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠙⢷⣾⣿⣴⣿⣿⢟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⠻⡀⠙⢿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠂⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⡾⣽⢮⣡⣾⣮⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⡩⢽⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢳⣿⣿⣍⣏⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠙⢿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⣿⣆⣈⣠⣖⣦⣤⢤⣄⣀⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠙⠿⣧⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⠟⡉⢀⠄⣠⠀⠀⠀⠙⢟⣶⣾⣁⣩⣿⣟⣫⠌⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣄⡈⠀⠀⠘⠿⠋⣠⠞⢀⣥⣾⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠻⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⣶⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣿⣶⡦⡼⠖⡂⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⣾⣿⣽⡿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣷⣴⡇⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠉⢉⣉⣡⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠓⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡃⡀⣸⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣾⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠃⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⣠⠃⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⢴⡞⣂⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⣀⡀⢀⠀⡀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣟⣿⣿⣛⣋⣉⣁⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡄⢀⣸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡿⢿⠄⠀⠀⠈⢻⣯⣉⡍⢣⣀⣤⣤⡀⠸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣶⣾⡄⠆⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣦⣸⣴⡟⡿⣷⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡾⠀⠀⠀⠶⢍⣝⣻⡟⣿⣟⣛⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠗⠸⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣧⣽⣿⡆⠀⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣯⣽⣭⢤⠄⠀⢠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣧⣀⣠⠀⠀⣤⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⠂⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣭⣥⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡇⣈⣦⠀⢹⢟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠘⠻⣿⡯⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣻⡀⠘⠸⣿⡿⠿⢿⣟⣟⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠠⡻⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⣄⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⡇⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣶⣶⡿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠸⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠤⠏⠭⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠸⢿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠈⠃⠇⠀⢡⢤⣀⡇⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡏⠀ ⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣨⣤⣤⣤⣄⣶⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣒⣛⣿⡇⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣏⡛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⠉⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢠⢧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣖⣷⣿⣿⣿⡇⣾⣦⣦⣔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠰⢮⣧⡭⡇⠀⠀⢸⣌⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿ ⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠇⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⣉⣉⣉⢙⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⣶⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⡘⠂⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⡀⣀⣀⣠⠹⠋ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠛⡃⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠠⠤⠤⠤⠖⠒⠚⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠐⢦⣴⢤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⡿⣟⡏⠀⠀⠀⣠⣰⣒⣲⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢽⣿⣛⠃⠌⠉⡀⠀⠀⢿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠒⠒ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⠽⢘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣹⣾⡽⠿⣞⣻⣽⣥⡽⣟⢿⢿⡳⠿⡾⠯⣣⣮⣺⢿⡾⣼⢝⣟⣾⣟⣿⡼⡽⣮⣽⣮⡿⣿⣫⣯⣿⣿⢾⡻⢷⣻⡗⣟⣛⢽⣻⡯⡳⡓⣯⣚⡺⣶⣿⣏⡧⣽⣯⣼⠝⣟⣩⣢⣿⡿⢸⣘⣾⠜⡪⢟⣸⣟⣣⣵⣳⣖ ⡽⣖⣯⣫⡴⣭⣵⠚⣻⣿⣹⣮⣿⡿⣽⣇⣗⣽⣯⣻⣟⢶⣟⣯⠿⣵⠭⣿⣻⣿⣯⣿⣗⡶⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢿⡓⣛⣻⣾⣿⣷⡮⡿⣶⣻⢿⣏⣎⣗⢿⡫⣵⣻⣃⣞⡟⣽⣲⣝⣞⡖⣪⡧⢯⣵⡾⡻⠯⠿⣅⣷⡮⣛ ⡮⣗⠞⡯⣴⡿⣿⠭⣚⣳⣿⣮⡶⢾⣟⡾⣟⡟⣗⣿⣟⣖⢯⣫⣿⣿⣽⡩⣿⡽⣧⣿⢽⣷⡟⢿⣻⡝⣿⣷⣿⢿⣾⣻⣿⢗⠾⣿⢯⣿⣷⢻⣻⣾⣿⢷⢛⡹⡗⢝⣩⢿⣷⣫⣿⣾⡯⡕⠵⣒⡫⢋⣿⣻⡷⢷⣿⢿ ⡻⡜⡼⡸⣽⠯⡫⡻⣽⣿⣶⣷⣿⣮⣾⠿⢠⣺⣿⣷⣫⣷⣶⣾⣷⣪⢿⣬⢏⣿⣿⠽⢺⣏⣺⢟⣏⢷⣷⢷⣍⢯⣯⣻⠯⢞⠿⣞⣿⣾⣵⣏⣧⢽⣿⢟⡗⡎⣽⣻⣿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣾⢻⣽⣧⠙⡮⣿⣮⣽⡿⣳⡦ ⡛⣟⣯⣽⣲⣿⡯⣻⡽⡮⣾⣫⠣⣽⣞⣿⣴⣯⢽⣫⣻⣼⣿⣿⡻⣷⣿⣿⡳⣞⣾⣯⣯⣏⢿⢯⣿⡺⡿⣟⣿⣵⣻⣮⣷⣽⡩⣚⣟⡯⣧⣶⣿⢟⢯⡏⡝⣩⣟⣚⡷⡯⡲⢞⣺⣢⣯⣺⣮⣽⡿⣟⢷⢶⣿⣓⣽⣗ ⣽⠯⣺⡰⢻⣷⣿⣾⣯⣿⡹⣾⡝⡿⠴⡿⢶⣾⣾⢯⣭⡿⣎⣿⣿⡿⣷⣷⢿⡷⣳⣶⣧⣿⢿⠿⠻⣙⠉⠯⠙⡺⢟⣾⣯⣿⢿⢻⡟⣯⣧⢷⣿⡹⢛⠥⡠⣌⣯⣷⣯⣝⢿⢟⣻⣿⣕⡿⠯⢟⣏⣟⣯⣦⡿⣭⣭⢎ ⣟⡲⣿⡚⣿⣷⣿⣾⣯⣝⡿⢿⣟⣻⣽⢟⢺⣟⢾⣞⡻⢻⣿⣽⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣽⢗⠸⣡⣠⡶⢦⠰⠻⠻⣄⠑⡷⣽⢧⣷⣽⣿⢿⢷⣷⣿⢽⡗⠁⢋⢭⢻⣿⣟⢿⣽⣽⣶⣻⣽⣿⣾⢽⡽⣼⢺⣼⣾⣻⣎⣿ ⣿⣟⣝⣝⣿⡟⡘⣟⡭⣷⣜⣿⣿⣿⠽⢭⣼⢉⢈⢠⣝⣪⣨⠉⡆⢮⣿⡾⣮⣟⢗⣗⠐⡠⢐⣢⡽⣧⣯⣿⣶⢈⠐⡼⣯⣯⣙⡿⡿⣯⣧⣷⣿⣷⠭⠀⣠⣪⢷⣿⣿⢱⡶⡻⡽⢻⢿⠶⣯⣿⣭⡻⣻⣿⣿⣻⣖⢳ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣞⠃⠀⠈⣿⣭⣯⣽⢮⣗⠙⠍⠑⢈⢶⢞⣿⣿⣿⡉⢀⡉⣿⣷⢿⣯⣿⢪⠡⠩⠹⢗⢿⣷⢽⣻⡧⠠⣪⣽⣻⣿⣟⢯⡿⣺⣿⡿⣷⣿⡃⠊⠣⢾⡾⣶⣺⣵⣽⡷⠠⢛⣙⣧⢿⡯⣖⣙⣮⣾⣿⣲⣻⣻ ⣎⣽⣿⣟⣿⠙⠀⠴⠵⣜⢹⡮⡧⡟⠊⡒⢢⢉⣿⣾⣿⡭⡵⢗⡈⡈⣟⣿⣫⣲⣛⣟⠿⣦⡀⠼⡀⡙⡟⠻⢃⢈⣸⣼⣷⣻⣳⣯⠷⣿⡕⣿⣾⣷⡏⢉⣫⣟⡾⣯⠷⣽⡽⡅⠀⠒⡞⣷⣯⣛⣾⡳⡶⣽⣸⣟⣾⣟ ⣰⡛⢿⠿⢿⠠⠀⣜⣥⡽⣿⡿⣬⡂⣤⢢⠺⣿⣕⡾⣫⣿⣛⠅⠀⠪⣹⣿⣷⣿⣿⡿⣿⣦⡺⡎⣵⡴⠐⠡⠄⡉⡸⣟⡷⣹⣷⣿⢿⣿⣕⣯⢯⣽⢅⠁⠹⡝⠯⣭⢮⠿⡯⠀⠃⠳⡹⠽⠞⠛⠓⠋⢛⠏⢒⡹⢞⢟ ⣽⢫⣯⣾⣾⡀⣘⠀⢸⢿⡧⢿⣿⡽⣭⢉⡯⠽⡹⡷⢏⢀⢨⠀⠱⠢⠼⣿⢻⣿⣶⢿⣗⡳⢿⡽⣯⠿⢑⡃⣀⡹⠥⡀⠝⢝⢭⣽⣭⢷⣯⣾⣾⣿⠉⡌⠈⢎⠿⠠⠁⢁⠀⣁⡄⡐⣤⢀⢦⢴⣒⣔⣷⠭⣄⣼⢿⣧ ⡳⡫⣾⡟⡗⠀⠙⠅⢼⡯⣺⡿⡻⣿⣷⣾⣘⢈⢽⡁⣈⣺⢾⠄⣠⠄⣯⡿⡮⣿⢽⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣶⠛⣦⡿⣦⣟⢷⣸⠽⠀⢸⣿⣾⣻⡯⢭⣷⣺⣤⡂⠀⢄⣲⣮⣧⣷⡻⣅⡆⠈⢃⣿⣖⣝⠿⡿⡾⣿⣿⣏⣮⣗ ⣻⡵⢏⠃⡦⠁⡑⠊⢻⣿⢦⣷⡿⣽⣷⣻⢼⣹⣿⣾⣯⣟⣿⡧⢤⢆⣱⣛⣿⣵⣷⣾⢮⣣⢷⡿⠉⣼⣛⣿⣿⡽⣯⣯⡭⠠⡀⡵⣿⣳⣼⣯⣿⣾⣚⣿⣶⣽⣽⣶⡖⡮⠯⠟⢀⠙⠁⠱⣨⣠⡵⣽⢿⡵⡯⠽⡿⢞ ⣿⡿⢕⢧⡣⡀⢀⠈⣺⡽⡳⣿⣷⡿⣞⢝⣿⣟⣿⢿⣿⣮⣿⡲⠉⢧⣗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⢷⣏⣻⠃⠉⣻⣻⣿⣽⢿⣮⣗⣿⡅⠀⡈⢪⡯⡿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣾⡿⣿⣯⣏⣪⣴⣤⠌⠀⡢⢓⣾⣿⣹⣽⣾⣿⢻⡧⣟⣿⣗ ⣵⡻⣿⣿⣓⠂⣄⠀⣸⣳⣾⣗⡭⢭⡿⢛⢵⢟⣿⣵⣿⡻⣍⡦⡜⣼⣿⣷⣻⣏⣿⣓⣗⣝⠞⠟⠂⠡⣝⣾⢿⣯⢯⣾⣃⡇⠨⡒⠐⣽⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣻⠺⣯⣿⣿⡾⣻⣿⡃⠤⠀⢆⣗⣯⢪⣛⡯⣯⣗⣼⠭⡖⣾ ⣣⢶⣖⣛⠆⠔⠸⢴⡎⡣⣗⣯⢿⣿⢿⡺⣽⣷⣻⣞⣾⣛⠗⠖⠄⢹⠽⣽⣿⣟⣮⢮⡫⣗⢧⣂⢈⠸⣿⡻⣿⣯⣟⣽⣻⣷⠤⠲⠀⣺⣾⡵⡿⣯⡿⡯⣽⡞⡻⣷⣷⣷⣿⡓⢸⠀⠣⣤⢶⡛⣾⣾⡷⣻⣷⡽⣧⢺ ⣐⢷⣼⣰⣽⠒⢂⢱⠽⣟⣻⣽⡷⡯⣮⣫⣦⣕⣿⣿⡸⡫⠅⡀⢐⡷⢟⢽⢷⣝⢾⣬⢵⣿⣈⢯⣣⡄⣝⡿⠿⠿⠽⢗⡏⠩⡺⠄⢴⡮⣝⣟⣿⣺⡟⣾⣟⣽⣷⢶⣟⣿⣼⣯⡱⡜⠘⢉⣿⣻⢝⣝⡽⢷⡾⡿⡩⣯ ⣵⣮⣻⣟⡖⠣⡦⣦⣿⢗⣽⢽⣷⣽⣯⡫⢽⢖⣕⡿⣭⣣⢥⠀⠨⣫⡑⣿⢽⣺⢻⢿⢏⣫⣯⡯⡍⣼⠗⡮⣰⣔⢤⣐⢄⠃⠹⣹⣞⣶⠽⣿⣾⣔⣷⣷⢻⣳⢮⣶⣷⣻⣿⣿⢯⣧⣜⠸⢾⣵⣾⣵⠸⣿⢿⢻⡭⣻ ⡱⠶⢔⣝⠾⣗⡳⣝⣯⡑⣵⣕⢏⣿⡴⣿⣑⣗⣵⠓⣯⢍⠇⡢⢢⣯⢻⠾⣣⡻⣛⢧⣻⣿⣿⣻⡸⣮⣷⣔⣔⡀⡸⢣⡨⣈⡾⣫⣯⢟⡾⣿⢷⡿⡿⣮⣽⢭⠯⠮⡽⣯⣽⢵⡗⣳⡾⢕⡟⣕⡯⣷⣲⡍⢚⣙⢙⣻ ⠿⠰⣵⢍⢳⢗⣟⣟⢌⢯⣽⣻⣥⢾⡷⢟⣗⣾⣳⣷⠟⣧⢶⢞⢸⡞⣟⢿⠼⡟⠭⣏⣧⣧⣷⡛⣳⣻⣾⣿⣷⣿⣍⣧⣫⢷⡳⠿⣟⡹⢽⡰⣻⡺⣟⢏⢯⢾⢼⢭⣷⢝⣯⣿⡪⡜⣿⣻⡯⢟⡻⡦⣷⣾⣷⡮⢿⡅ ⣻⡳⠬⣙⢾⠮⣁⢿⣫⡭⣼⢗⡞⡥⡜⡷⢇⣷⣏⢹⠿⢝⣟⡚⢻⢿⣿⡿⣵⣯⢻⣿⣻⣿⣽⡟⢷⡳⣻⣵⡽⡪⣽⣾⢼⣞⡿⣾⡖⡪⢿⣱⡅⢞⣧⡳⡕⣿⣟⡳⣭⠺⡥⢏⣷⡆⣦⢿⣰⣺⢿⣗⡸⣝⣲⠽⣿⢏ ⡯⢿⣽⣻⡧⡮⢽⣦⡳⣽⡫⢽⣱⣿⡽⣜⣽⣹⢮⢻⣳⣹⢻⣭⣛⣬⢯⢩⣏⢯⡿⣝⣻⣳⣵⣝⣺⡖⢷⡮⣾⣟⢷⣿⣯⢞⣿⣵⡽⠞⡷⢽⣼⡬⡍⠧⢻⣳⢯⣠⢹⣥⠭⣪⣳⢬⢮⣚⣋⣿⢞⣿⢎⡫⡪⣁⣠⣺ ⡻⣃⣟⢗⢿⢻⢧⠙⣺⡾⣜⢹⢧⣙⣾⡘⡫⠯⢟⣿⡽⣬⡮⣖⢝⡻⢼⣷⢽⠗⣯⣵⣷⣏⢝⣷⢙⣧⡵⣿⣕⣽⢲⢿⢷⣺⣟⡳⣷⡽⣧⡣⢹⣯⢝⣋⢛⣷⠯⢕⣘⡒⣪⡷⣞⢌⡞⢶⡷⢽⢓⣿⡮⡿⡳⡌⢸⣗ ⣹⡯⣒⢬⣓⢭⡝⡝⢊⢣⣟⣮⣛⣷⠶⣳⠟⣻⠳⡮⣌⠼⣼⣰⡷⡿⢿⢽⠝⣿⡿⡷⢦⣿⣳⡿⣟⠿⣿⣽⢿⣗⡹⣮⢺⡕⣿⢭⢫⢿⡋⡟⣻⣚⠬⣗⣿⡹⡳⣣⡏⠮⣗⣛⠱⡼⡫⡱⡝⣚⢷⡽⣼⡎⣫⣻⣞⡾ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠒⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣾⣯⣄⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣼⣿⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢠⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣷⡆⠀⠈⠛⠿⣱⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣶⠀⠀⣾⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣛⡛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣿⠄⠀⠀⠘⡛⠒⠒⢒⣒⣺⣿⣿⠄⠀⠿⠟ ⣿⣯⣽⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⢰⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠣⠈⢿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠳ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡴⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣄⡄⢰⣦⣠⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣟⡁⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⠀⣾⡆⠹⣿⣿⡇⢸⠿⠛⠋⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⡀⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣄⠹⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢸⠄⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡄⠀⠀⢀⣀⡴⢛⣡⡄⢶⡙⢿⣿⣷⣹⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣽⣮⡻⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣶⣾ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⠟⣫⣴⣿⣿⣿⣆⠁⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠹⠫⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠙ ⡄⠀⢀⣿⣶⣶⡆⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠋⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡱⡀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⡟⢿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠐⠀ ⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣀⣠⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣦⡀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠊⠀⠛⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠸⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣶⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠛⢡⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢠⣎⢻⣿⣧⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡄⠀⠀⣾⠃⠈⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠐⠋⠙⢢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⢋⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠀⣸⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢾⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢋⡴⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠻⠛⠿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⡿⠋⠀⠀⢻⣶⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣩⠶⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣠⠔⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣆⠀⠀⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱⡳⣼⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⡵⣾⣷⣧⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠴⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡄⠀⡀⢲⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣷⣜⢦⡘⢿⡧⡈⢷⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⣩⠔⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡠⠞⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠ ⠹⣿⡄⠹⢈⢹⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡆⠹⡄⢠⣼⣿⣿⡿⢋⡥⠞⣡⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⠶⠛⣡⣿⣿ ⠀⠘⣷⣤⣜⣧⡴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣦⠀⠳⡄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⠙⡄⠈⢷⠙⠋⣉⣴⣯⣄⡸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⡦⣴⠌⠉⢀⣀⣯⡿⠋⠛ ⠀⠀⠈⠿⣼⣿⣿⣆⢸⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠟⠃⠀⣘⣆⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠐⠀⢀⡠⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⠖⠚⠋⠉⠁⢀⣰⣤ ⡆⠀⠀⣀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣇⣾⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣇⠀⠘⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣷⣌⠙⠿⢿⣿⠟⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣶⣿⡶⠿⠿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡄⠀⣙⠀⢙⣿⣟⣋⡛⢻⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠴⠞⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢻⣷⠀⠸⡔⡄⠹⣿⣿⣿⡾⣿⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⠿⠃⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⣿⣧⠀⢳⡹⡄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣹⡇⢸⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠋⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⢸⣿⠀⠘⣧⢹⡄⠹⣿⣿⡿⢡⠸⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⣠⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣽ ⠀⠀⢿⣇⠀⣻⠆⢷⡀⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣞⣋⡙⠉⠹⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠘⡟⠀⣿⠀⠈⢣⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣯⡉⠛⠆⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢀⣄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠹⠀⢻⠀⠀⢸⡆⢸⣿⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠁⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠙⠻⣿⠟⠁⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠀⠀⢷⠀⢿⡆⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢀⣃⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠛⠻⣯⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 948 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://news.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/n/2024/04/13/Over_at_Tux_Machines.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Over at Tux Machines...⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cartoon_penguin_illustration⦈_ ⚓ Updated This Past Day⠀⇛ 1. ⚓ Ubuntu_24.04_LTS_“Noble_Numbat”:_Best_New_Features⠀⇛ This article showcases the best features of the Ubuntu 24.04 LTS release (upcoming). 2. ⚓ Blaming_"Linux"_for_Intel_Defects⠀⇛ As usual 3. ⚓ Raspberry_Pi_and_Counterparts⠀⇛ LattePanda and Raspberry Pi news 4. ⚓ FSF_and_LibreOffice_on_Events⠀⇛ LibrePlanet and InstallFest 2024 conference in Prague ⚓ New⠀⇛ 5. ⚓ KDE_Frameworks_6.1.0⠀⇛ KDE today announces the release of KDE Frameworks 6.1.0 6. ⚓ KDE_Frameworks_6.1_Released_Ahead_of_the_KDE_Plasma_6.1_Desktop Environment⠀⇛ The KDE Project announced today the release and general availability of KDE Frameworks 6.1 as the first stable update to this collection of more than 80 add-on libraries to Qt providing commonly needed functionality for the latest KDE Plasma 6 desktop environment and the KDE Gear suite of apps. 7. ⚓ Hacking,_Programming,_and_Applications⠀⇛ Programming mostly 8. ⚓ 10_Top_Desktop_Linux_distros_among_Users_in_2024_beginning⠀⇛ preferences for the GNU/Linux distros have not been much changed 9. ⚓ Ubuntu:_HowTos,_RISC-V,_Spyware,_Beta,_and_Hey_Hi_(AI)_Hype⠀⇛ Some Ubuntu related news 10. ⚓ Security:_Patches,_Belgian_eID,_Microsoft_Cracked_(Yet_Again!),_and Reproducible_Builds⠀⇛ Some security news, mostly FOSS 11. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ many howtos for today 12. ⚓ Open_Hardware:_Raspberry_Pi_and_More⠀⇛ Devices with Linux leanings 13. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛ Android may bring back lockscreen widgets on tablets 14. ⚓ Best_Record_Yet_for_Open_Source_Use_in_Business_Worldwide⠀⇛ Over the last 40 years, the open-source software (OSS) movement has been a moving target for detractors and supporters 15. ⚓ Ardour_8.5_Open-Source_DAW_Improves_Linux_and_AAF_Import_Support⠀⇛ Paul Davis announced today the release and general availability of Ardour 8.5 as a new maintenance update to this powerful open-source, cross-platform, and free digital audio workstation (DAW) for Linux, Windows, and macOS systems. 16. ⚓ Android_Leftovers⠀⇛ Add This Sweet Feature to My Android Wishlist 17. ⚓ TUXEDO_Sirius_16_Gen2_All-AMD_Linux_Gaming_Laptop_Gets_Faster_Ryzen_7 CPU⠀⇛ Linux hardware vendor TUXEDO Computers announced today the availability for pre-order of the second generation (Gen2) TUXEDO Sirius 16 all-AMD Linux gaming laptop with an updated Ryzen 7 processor. 18. ⚓ today's_leftovers⠀⇛ 3 more misc. links 19. ⚓ Fedora,_IBM,_and_Red_Hat_Buying_Shallow_Puff_Pieces_About_Itself_(to Link_to)⠀⇛ Media manipulation and more 20. ⚓ Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers⠀⇛ Some FOSS news for today 21. ⚓ Mozilla:_Firefox,_DEI_Marketing,_and_Text_Translator⠀⇛ 3 stories about/from Mozilla 22. ⚓ Defences_Down!_ClamTk_is_No_Longer_Maintained⠀⇛ My goals were to give back to Linux, which gave me a lot, and to get better at programming 23. ⚓ Orange_Pi_5_Pro_–_A_low-cost_Rockchip_RK3588S_SBC_with_up_to_16GB LPDDR5_RAM,_dual_HDMI_video_output⠀⇛ The company says the new board supports Orange Pi OS (Droid), Orange Pi OS (Arch), Ubuntu, Debian, and Android 12 operating systems 24. ⚓ 5_Handy_Free_Linux_Typesetting_Systems⠀⇛ Only free and open source software is included 25. ⚓ Hardware:_RISC-V,_Qualcomm,_STM32*,_and_ARM⠀⇛ Linux centric 26. ⚓ Arduino_Projects_and_Products⠀⇛ a pair of Arduino picks 27. ⚓ Programming_Leftovers⠀⇛ Programming related links 28. ⚓ Security_and_Windows_TCO⠀⇛ lots of Windows TCO examples 29. ⚓ Games:_Lutris_0.5.17,_Vampire_Survivors:_Operation_Guns,_and_More⠀⇛ 8 articles from gamingonlinux 30. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ 5 howtos 31. ⚓ Today_in_Techrights⠀⇛ Some of the latest articles 32. ⚓ today's_howtos⠀⇛ many more howtos for Thursday (mostly) 33. ⚓ Linux_Security_and_Windows_TCO⠀⇛ several Windows TCO stories but mostly Linux 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣬⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠋⠹⠿⠃⣰⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣦⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⢸⣿⣿⣿⡜⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣄⠀⠀⠀⢻⠏⠘⠋⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠏⢸⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⢀⣴⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠘⣿⣷⣦⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣶⣶⣮⣭⣭⣭⣙⣛⡛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⡠⢤⣤⣄⠠⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣭⣭⣛⠻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣬⣉⠓⢄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢉⣥⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠂⣱⣤⣉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣍⣉⣉⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠛⢿⣿⣿⡿⠋⣠⣶⣷⣦⣄⣉⣉⣉⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1297 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 13/04/2024: GmCapsule 0.7 Released⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ Etcetera⠀⇛ Good morning, or afternoon, or evening, whenever you're reading this. I'm trying to make a habit of writing more, and I wasn't sure what exactly to write today. But I thought to myself maybe it doesn't matter so much what exactly I write about. After all, this is a blog, not an essay, not a book. Well speaking of blogs, so far everything on this little capsule has been only on gemini, but I decided to throw the rest of the internet a bone and set up a copy of this on the web side of things. I did already have a web server going for a few things. So I hacked together a quick and dirty perl script to convert everything to html. It's not pretty, but gets the job done, mostly. Enough for my needs anyway. Though I suppose the advantage of gemini's sparse formatting is that even a quick and dirty approach gets you ninety percent of the way there. # ⚓ Ad_maiorem_Dei_Gloriam_(For_the_greater_glory_of_God)⠀⇛ First thing we need to state here clearly is the fact that God is the Absolute Goodness. This means that something is as good as it is somehow similar to God (that's why absolute evil doesn't and can't exist - if something exists, it is similar to God in the fact of existence, therefore at least in this it is good, so nothing that exists can be absolute evil). # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_GHIYPSM_Wordo:_ABACA⠀⇛ # ⚓ April_13,_2024_-_Saint_Hermenegild_(R)⠀⇛ Thou hast protected me, O God, from the assembly of the malignant, alleluia: from the multitude of the workers of iniquity, alleluia, alleluia. Psalm: Hear, O God, my prayer, when I make supplication to Thee: deliver my soul from the fear of the enemy. # ⚓ choosing_every_day⠀⇛ I'm choosing to live. At this point in my existence its truly a choice. I'm actively, as-in it takes energy to, making this choice. part of me takes solace in that fact like "I am putting in the effort and work to survive" but its becoming to the point where I'm spending every single spoon I don't even have left to just not die. I had a bad couple months and it just took the last of me. I hate it because it's so up and down for me. I used to talk about how I feel like I'm two people: steph and stephanie. Steph is usually who you get here. The sad, lonely, depressed, struggling girl and stephanie is me without all the trauma and baggage laying around. # ⚓ A_Quick_Review_of_Garfield:_The_Movie_(2004)⠀⇛ As a child I was completely obsessed with 2004's Garfield: The Movie (I'm an adult now by the way, feel old yet?). I remember watching it over and over again on both VHS and DVD, presumably the film was put on by my parents so I'd sit still and be quiet for an hour and a half. Recently I ended up putting the film on for my Grandparents since they've developed something of a taste for children's movies in recent years. As it turns out I still love it, so I figured I'd slap together this quick review while I have an hour spare. So, let's talk Garfield... # ⚓ in_a_stage_whisper:_silence,_embodiment,_and_trans* archival_praxis⠀⇛ a university librarian at an ivy league writes for an audience of historians about archival silences, and introduces the notion of a "shouty archive". [2] what? i mean, i suppose it's an imperfect and relatively powerful metaphor, as the author herself notes, but i'm also not sure it's really all that illuminating of a point. "archival silences" do exist, and have been widely theorized based informed by the work of michel-rolph trouillot. i don't find talking about absolutes all that satisfying. i've been thinking a lot lately about the moral claims around access to information and the subtleties that get bulldozed in the name of impossible perfection. archival discourse, like the piece i reference above, talks about correcting silences, and the work of verne harris introduced the notion of "archival whispers", which trace around the absences and silences. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ GmCapsule_v0.7_Released⠀⇛ I've made a few significant fixes in the GmCapsule server, hence the minor version bump. My server (skyjake.fi / geminispace.org) is already running the new version, so maybe I didn't break anything. 🤞 =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1469 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 13/04/2024: SEO Spam and ‘Broadband Nutrition Label’⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇An_old_chimpanzee_thinking⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Science o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Trademarks # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ SEO_spam_that_says_it_isn’t⠀⇛ This put a smile on my face this morning: Note: - Though this is not an automated email, (i.e., to ensure that we do not contact you again for this matter), please send a blank mail to it with NO as Subject. o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Now_a_1:7_Claynel_Ryza_fig_exists!_Also_acrylic stands⠀⇛ I’ve never heard of Claynel before, but they’ve already manufactured some impressive figs, including Clara’s favourite Hololive JP character Kanata, and the legendary Takina and Chisato duo from Lycrois Recoil. This rendition of Ryza from her namesake Atelier franchise is adorable, and a reminder that I still, still haven’t blogged about those games yet. o ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Elkhart,_IN,_Prosecutor_Accused_of_Misconduct_for Making_Contradictory_Allegations⠀⇛ A new motion has accused the elected prosecutor in Elkhart, Indiana, of misconduct, alleging she presented contradictory versions of the truth against two men in connection with a shooting that occurred more than 20 years ago. The case stems from the drive-by shooting death of a woman on Aug. 13, 2003. Prosecutors have always maintained the shooter was Ignacio Bahena. But as to who gave Bahena the gun, the prosecution offered two different versions, pinning the act on one man, then pinning it on another, according to a motion filed by one of the men’s lawyers. o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ I’m_on_Neopets_again⠀⇛ I resisted making another account for two decades, but the time_finally_came. I couldn’t believe how much was the same as I remember. The Tiki Tack Tombola! There’s plenty of blame to go around here, but the bulk of it goes to my sister. She has the second-oldest_active account on the site, with a Neopet who’s_25. I made an account around the same time, but had it frozen in 1999 when I left it logged in at school, and kids did what kids do. I’ll admit, childhood Ruben was shattered. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ A_Look_at_Roberto_Cavalli’s_Designs_Through_The Years⠀⇛ The fashion designer who made maximalism cool. o ⚓ YLE ☛ Friday's_papers:_Welfare_state_woes,_excessive_consumption and_an_Arctic_air_mass⠀⇛ As of today, Finland has consumed of a year's worth of natural resources. o ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Interview:_One_artist,_many_instruments and_a_‘melting_pot’_of_genres_–_FKJ_brings_his_unique_style_back_to Hong_Kong⠀⇛ By Martina Igini After an electrifying performance at last year’s Clockenflap, multi-instrumentalist FKJ is returning to Hong Kong this May for a more intimate performance – the first of its kind for the Frenchman. o ⚓ Reason ☛ Review:_It's_Cloned_Mammoths_vs._Billionaire_Hunters_in This_New_Sci-Fi_Novel⠀⇛ Ray Nayler's The Tusks of Extinction explores the value of nonhuman intelligence. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Stanford University ☛ Hundreds_watch_partial_solar_eclipse at_Oval⠀⇛ On April 8, hundreds of Stanford community members gathered on the Oval at an eclipse viewing party organized by the earth and planetary sciences department. From Stanford, the moon covered about 35% of the sun during the first total solar eclipse observable from much of United States in seven years. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ NASA_Mission_Accidentally_Sends_Space_Rocks Hurtling_Towards_Mars⠀⇛ Whoops! # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ NASA_Is_Set_to_Launch_Its_Next-Gen_Solar Sail_Into_Deep_Space⠀⇛ "We have a limitless source of propulsion." # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Blinking_Actually_Boosts_Your_Vision,_And We_Never_Even_Noticed⠀⇛ Open your eyes. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Your_Sex_Could_Affect_How_Well_You_Sleep_at Night._Here's_Why_That_Matters.⠀⇛ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Eye_Infections_Can_Be_Far_More_Serious_Than You_Realize,_Expert_Warns⠀⇛ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Scientists_Find_Gene_Variant_Giving_Up_to 70%_Protection_Against_Alzheimer's⠀⇛ A huge new target for drug development. # ⚓ James G ☛ Watching_space_in_my_living_room⠀⇛ When I was young, in the mid 2000s, I used computers to navigate four websites: the BillBC kids games, the PBS kids games, and, later, the NASA Hubble Telescope photographs and Club Penguin. I could sit on the family computer, a backdoored Windows machine about which I know nothing other than I could play games on it, and play games. And watch space. Earlier today, I saw a website that lets you watch the James Webb Space Telescope, the successor to the Hubble Telescope. The web application lets you zoom in to incredible levels of detail. You can see the stars. Galaxies of distances I do not know. Comphension of scale is still not in my limits, but I need not know much about space to see the beauty of these images. # ⚓ Jeff Geerling ☛ Photographing_the_2024_Total_Solar_Eclipse_ (results)⠀⇛ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ No_Lathe?_Build_Your_Own⠀⇛ If you need to make round things, you probably need a lathe. Can you build one as nice as one you can buy? Probably not. But can you build one that will work and allow you to do more things than having no lathe at all? [Mikeandmertle] say absolutely! You can see the contraption in operation in the video below. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Electromagnets_Make_Vertical_CNC_Cutter_A_Little Stickier⠀⇛ Workholding is generally not a problem on a big CNC plasma cutter.; gravity does a pretty good job of keeping heavy sheet steel in place on the bed. But what if your CNC table isn’t a table? The answer: magnets — lots of magnets. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Beating_IBM’s_Eagle_Quantum_Processor_On_An Ising_Model_With_A_Classical_Tensor_Network⠀⇛ The central selling point of qubit-based quantum processors is that they can supposedly solve certain types of tasks much faster than a classical computer. This comes however with the major complication of quantum computing being ‘noisy’, i.e. affected by outside influences. That this shouldn’t be a hindrance was the point of an article published last year by IBM researchers where they demonstrated a speed-up of a Trotterized time evolution of a 2D transverse-field Ising model on an IBM Eagle 127-qubit quantum processor, even with the error rate of today’s noisy quantum processors. Now, however, [Joseph Tindall] and colleagues have demonstrated with a recently published paper in Physics that they can beat the IBM quantum processor with a classical processor. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Crank-Powered_Train_Uses_No_Batteries_Or_Plugs⠀⇛ The prolific [Peter Waldraff] is at back it with another gorgeous micro train layout. This time, there are no plugs and no batteries. And although it’s crank-powered, it can run on its own with the flip of a switch. How? With a supercapacitor, of course. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ HDMI_DDC_Keypad_Controls_Monitor_From_Rack⠀⇛ Sometime last year, [Jon Petter Skagmo] bought a Dell U3421WE monitor. It’s really quite cool, with a KVM switch and picture-by-picture support for two inputs at the same time. The only downside is that control is limited to a tiny joystick hiding behind the bezel. It’s such a pain to use that [Jon] doesn’t even use all of the features available. # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Qualcomm_QCC730_low-power_Arm_Cortex-M4F WiFi_4_SoC_targets_battery-powered_IoT_applications⠀⇛ Qualcomm has unveiled the “micro-power” QCC730 Arm Cortex-M4F dual-band WiFi 4 microcontroller for the IoT market that targets similar applications as the Espressif ESP32 microcontrollers but potentially at lower power consumption with claims of up to 88% lower power than “previous generations” making it suitable for battery-powered industrial, commercial and consumer applications. # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ SolidRun_Bedrock_R8000_is_the_first Industrial_PC_to_feature_AMD_Ryzen_Embedded_8000_series⠀⇛ Israeli embedded systems manufacturer, SolidRun, has recently introduced the Bedrock R8000, a new fanless, Industrial PC targeted at edge Hey Hi (AI) applications. The Bedrock R8000 integrates the newly-announced AMD Ryzen Embedded 8000 series processors with 8 Zen 4 cores and 16 threads clocked at up to 5.1 GHz. The Ryzen Embedded 8000 Series has a 16 TOPS NPU for Hey Hi (AI) workloads and offers up to 10 years of guaranteed availability. Also, up to 3 Hey Hi (AI) accelerators (either Hailo-10 or Hailo 8) can be combined with the onboard NPU to achieve over 100 TOPS for generative or inferencing Hey Hi (AI) workloads. # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Nvidia_blames_defective_chip_maker_Intel for_GPU_VRAM_errors,_tells_GeForce_gamers_experiencing_13th or_14th_Gen_CPU_instability_to_contact_defective_chip_maker Intel_support⠀⇛ Nvidia's patch notes for its latest drivers affirm that Intel's latest 13th and 14th Gen CPUs are having instability problems right now affecting gamers. Nvidia steers users to defective chip maker Intel support if they are having instability issues with their Raptor Lake machine. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ New_Zealanders_Are_Crazy_for_This_Fruit. It’s_Not_the_Kiwi.⠀⇛ Like the kiwi fruit, the feijoa, or pineapple guava, is not native to the island nation, but it has become something of a national obsession. # ⚓ A_female_physician_responds_to_hack_journalist_Paul Thacker⠀⇛ Earlier this month, I deconstructed a particularly vicious, yet at the same time profoundly silly, hit piece targeting a young female physician named Dr. Allison Neitzel. I call it vicious, because it was clearly planned to target Dr. Neitzel and encourage a pile-on to bury this young physician (which it did), but it’s also profoundly silly in that it relies nearly entirely on a cherry picked, legalistic definition of what a “physician” is. The perpetrator was a journalist named Paul Thacker, who had long ago become far more of an ideologically motivated conspiracy mongering hack than anything resembling an actual “investigative journalist,” although the latter is what he calls himself. If you don’t believe me, I was reminded of a rather amusing Tweet (back when the hellscape that is now X was the less hellish hellscape known as Twitter) by Amy Harmon in response to a humorous thread on what we should call a group of trolls: # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ The_EPA_Just_Issued_New_Drinking_Water Limits_For_'Forever_Chemicals'⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ Harris_heads_to_Arizona_days_after restrictive_abortion_ruling,_hoping_to_use_reproductive rights_to_galvanize_voters⠀⇛ Vice President Kamala Harris will travel to Arizona on Friday, hoping to use this week’s restrictive abortion ruling to mobilize voters who see November’s election as a referendum on women’s health rights. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ How_a_Republican_and_a_Democrat_Carved_out Exemptions_to_Texas’s_Abortion_Ban⠀⇛ Rare across-the-aisle coöperation in Austin aims to protect some people who need abortions and the doctors who provide them. Plus, a band rehearsal with the songwriter and actor Maya Hawke. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Poland_legislature_votes_on_abortion_rights issues,_facing_EU_criticism_for_near-total_abortion_ban⠀⇛ After a contentious debate Thursday, the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish legislature, voted on four abortion–related proposals Friday and created an Extraordinary Committee to draft new abortion laws. # ⚓ France24 ☛ PM_Donald_Tusk_faces_uphill_battle_on_reforming Polish_abortion_rights⠀⇛ Polish lawmakers voted Friday to advance bills that would lift a near-total ban on abortion in place since 2020, reviving an extremely polarising debate in the traditionally Roman Catholic country. But by launching an effort to liberalise abortion laws, Prime Minister Donald Tusk is moving to fulfil a campaign promise. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Pregnant_Black_women_feel_lost_in_the_medical system._Doulas_offer_guidance_–_and_a_voice.⠀⇛ As Black expectant mothers try to navigate a medical system in which they have little confidence, Black doulas have become trusted members of their pregnancy teams. # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ The_power_of_utilizing_art_for_mental well-being⠀⇛ From painting and drawing to music and writing, students turn to creative outlets as a way to cope with stress and mental health challenges. Alongside this practice, there is a growing recognition of utilizing art for enhanced mental well-being. # ⚓ RFA ☛ Never_mind_the_overcapacity,_have_some_dim_sum!⠀⇛ Why did China's state media focus so intently on what US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen ate? # ⚓ NYPost ☛ US_drug_shortages_hit_all-time_high,_pharmacists warn⠀⇛ Data shows that there are 323 active drug shortages. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ DHA,_AFGE_cement_workplace_policies for_38K_DoD_health_employees⠀⇛ For the first time ever, a new bargaining agreement between DHA and AFGE outlines cohesive policies on leave, work hours, official time, telework and much more. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Another_K-Pop_Superstar_Death_—_Park Bo_Ram_Passes_Away,_Aged_30⠀⇛ South Korean singer Park Bo Ram has passed away at the age of 30, just as she was preparing to celebrate her tenth anniversary in the K-pop industry. The latest in an unfortunate trend of K- pop singers dying young, Park Bo Ram was just 30 years old. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Survey:_Vast_majority_opposed_to_food_VAT_hike⠀⇛ The government is aiming to save billions, and has hinted that doing so could involve raising the value added tax on groceries. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ RTHK’s_Hey_Hi_(AI)_presenters ‘enhance_productivity’_and_relieve_staff_shortages,_Hong_Kong broadcaster_says⠀⇛ Hong Kong’s government-backed broadcaster RTHK has begun to use Artificial Intelligence-generated (AI) voices in place of some human presenters, saying that generative Hey Hi (AI) was increasingly pervasive and helped “relieve the staff shortage pressures.” Journalist Aaron Busch spotted the Hey Hi (AI) voice being used to host sports news on RTHK English-language channel Radio 3 this week. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Plan_for_Hey_Hi_(AI)_to_handle_tax- return_preparation⠀⇛ Millions of Americans are sweating over one of the most intrusive processes known to mankind. o § Security⠀➾ # § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾ # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Smuggling_Gold_by_Disguising_it_as Machine_Parts⠀⇛ Someone got caught trying to smuggle 322 pounds of gold (that’s about 1/4 of a cubic foot) out of Hong Kong. It was disguised as machine parts: On March 27, customs officials x- rayed two air compressors and discovered that they contained gold that had been “concealed in the integral parts” of the compressors. Those gold parts had also been painted silver to match the other components in an attempt to throw customs off the trail. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ What_is_FISA,_and_What_Does_It_Mean for_U.S._Surveillance_and_Spying?⠀⇛ Under Section 702, the government is empowered to collect, without a warrant, the messages of Americans communicating with targeted foreigners abroad. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Democrats_Tank_FISA_Warrant_Requirement⠀⇛ The measure would have required federal agents to get a warrant before searching American communications collected as part of foreign intelligence. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Thailand_ready_for_any_scenario_on_Myanmar_border, foreign_minister_says⠀⇛ Thousands of new civilians have been displaced following the rebel capture of Myawaddy, according to the Karen health department. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Sixth_graders_not_returning_to_school_shooting classroom⠀⇛ "The pupils will attend school at other facilities this spring, and then move to the middle school in the autumn," Vantaa's basic education chief says. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ BBC_says_omission_of_trans_identity_of murderer_Scarlet_Blake_was_breach_of_accuracy_rules⠀⇛ The BBC's style guide says journalists should "generally" use a person's preferred terms and pronouns. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ India_reportedly_withdraws_3_out_of_15_lookout notices_in_2023_London_embassy_attack⠀⇛ India’s National Investigation Agency (NIA) reportedly withdrew Friday three out of 15 lookout notices against suspects of the attack on the Indian High Commission in London in March 2023, according to Indian national newspaper Indian Express. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ “Council_of_War”:_Walden_Bello_on_Biden’s Trilateral_Summit_with_Philippines_&_Japan_to_Contain_China⠀⇛ President Biden hosted Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and Philippines President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. at the White House on Thursday, the first meeting of its kind, which comes as the U.S. moves to expand its military presence in the South China Sea to counter China. The Philippines has deepened military ties with both the United States and Japan in recent years as maritime confrontations with China have escalated. The trilateral summit at the White House resembled a “council of war,” according to Filipino scholar Walden Bello. He says the U.S. is the primary driver of tensions with China, building up its military footprint in the region as Pentagon officials openly muse about war, while China has focused primarily on its economic reach. “This militarization of the Pacific is very dangerous,” says Bello. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ These_Russian_soldiers_refuse_to_fight Putin's_war._But_escape_is_nearly_impossible.⠀⇛ Asylum claims from Russians have surged in the U.S., France, and Germany as growing numbers of Russian soldiers seek to escape the war in Ukraine. Few claims have been granted as countries consider the threat to national security. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Swapping_repressive_practices_What_to_expect from_Vladimir_Putin_and_Alexander_Lukashenko’s_ever closer_union_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ European Commission ☛ Statement_of_Commissioner_for Energy_Kadri_Simson_on_record_post-winter_gas_storage levels_in_Europe⠀⇛ Europe is emerging from its second winter since Russia's illegal invasion of Ukraine. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ State_of_the_Order:_Continuing challenges_to_the_world_order_raise_the_urgency_for Gaza_ceasefire_and_Ukraine_aid⠀⇛ The State of the Order breaks down the month's most important events impacting the democratic world order. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Dispatch_from_Kyiv:_Ukraine_is fighting_for_its_economic_survival,_too⠀⇛ The longer the war lasts, the more it will consume funds initially meant for long-term investments and reconstruction. # ⚓ France24 ☛ China_helping_Moscow_in_biggest_military expansion_since_Soviet_times,_US_says⠀⇛ China is helping Russia undertake its biggest military expansion since Soviet times, US officials said Friday, stepping up public pressure as concerns rise over Ukraine. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ US_says_China_helping_Moscow in_biggest_defence_expansion_since_Soviet_era⠀⇛ China is helping Russia undertake its biggest military expansion since Soviet times, US officials said Friday, stepping up public pressure as concerns rise over Ukraine. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Lithuanians_advised_against_travelling_to countries_popular_among_Russian_tourists⠀⇛ Lithuanian Foreign Ministry Chancellor Inga Černiuk on Friday advised vacationers against travelling to destinations popular among Russians because of potential tensions over differing views on the war in Ukraine. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Only_political_platform_for_peace_talks_is proposed_by_Kyiv,_says_Zelensky_in_Vilnius⠀⇛ The only platform for peace talks is the one proposed by Kyiv, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said during the Three Seas Summit in Vilnius. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ China_Is_Surging_Equipment_Sales_To_Russia For_Ukraine_War,_U.S._Finds⠀⇛ China has surged sales to Russia of machine tools, microelectronics, and other technology that Moscow in turn is using to produce missiles, tanks, aircraft, and other weaponry for use in its war against Ukraine, according to a U.S. assessment. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Netherlands_Pledges_Additional_1_Billion Euros_In_Military_Support_For_Ukraine⠀⇛ The Netherlands will provide Ukraine with an additional 1 billion euros ($1.06 billion) in military support this year, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy announced on April 12. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Former_Ukrainian_Secret_Service_Employee Injured_When_Car_Explodes_In_Moscow⠀⇛ A former Ukrainian secret service employee was injured when a device under his car exploded in Moscow on April 12. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Ukraine,_Russia_Exchange_Bodies_Of_More_Than 120_Fallen_Troops⠀⇛ The bodies of 99 fallen Ukrainian soldiers were returned to Kyiv, Ukraine's Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War reported in a message on April 12. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Brussels_Says_It_Suspects_Russia_Of Interfering_In_EU_Elections⠀⇛ Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo announced on April 12 an investigation into suspected Russian interference in European- wide elections in June, saying his country’s intelligence service has confirmed the existence of a network trying to undermine support for Ukraine. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russia_Strikes_More_Ukraine_Energy Infrastructure⠀⇛ An energy facility in Ukraine's southern region of Dnipropetrovsk has sustained damage after catching fire following a Russian drone attack early on April 12, the Ukrainian military and a regional official said. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Johnson_Floats_Voting_on_Senate Ukraine_Bill,_With_Conservative_Policies_as Sweeteners⠀⇛ The Republican speaker has weighed bringing up a $95 billion Senate-passed bill to aid Ukraine and Israel in tandem with a separate package geared toward mollifying G.O.P. critics. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ J.D._Vance:_The_Math_on_Ukraine Doesn’t_Add_Up⠀⇛ Ukraine needs more men than it can field, even with draconian conscription policies. And it needs more material than the United States can provide. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ War_or_No_War,_Ukrainians_Aren’t Giving_Up_Their_Coffee⠀⇛ Coffee shops and kiosks are everywhere in Ukraine’s capital, their popularity both an act of wartime defiance and a symbol of closer ties to the rest of Europe. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Back_From_Ukraine,_a_House Republican_Makes_the_Case_for_More_Aid⠀⇛ Representative Chuck Edwards, a first-term North Carolinian, has emerged as a vocal proponent for U.S. aid to Ukraine in a party that has grown hostile to it. He recently saw the war up close. # ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ “A_Stalemate_and_Attritional_Grind”: Journalist_Luke_Mogelson_on_2_Years_of_Russia’s_War_in Ukraine⠀⇛ We speak with The New Yorker war correspondent Luke Mogelson about the war in Ukraine, where the government has just passed a controversial bill that expands military conscription and cracks down on draft dodgers in an effort to replenish the depleted ranks of the army, more than two years since Russia launched its invasion. Military leaders have warned that Russian forces outnumber Ukrainian troops tenfold in the east. Mogelson says the Ukrainian military ranks are filled with “predominantly working-class men from rural areas or smaller villages,” while people in Kyiv and other large cities, where the elites live, can more easily avoid the full impact of the war. “You can really feel the gap between the two worlds widening,” says Mogelson, adding that most people realize the war cannot be sustained indefinitely and that “at some point there needs to be a negotiation” to end the fighting. Mogelson is the winner of this year’s prestigious George Polk Award for magazine reporting for his article “Two Weeks at the Front in Ukraine.” # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Former_Ukrainian_Security_Service_officer reportedly_hospitalized_after_car_explodes_in_Moscow_— Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Russian_military_instructors,_air_defence system_arrive_in_Niger_amid_deepening_ties⠀⇛ Russian military instructors have arrived in Niger with an air defence system and other equipment as part of the West African nation’s deepening security ties with Moscow, state television announced late Thursday. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Belgium_opens_probe_into_Russian ‘interference’_in_European_Parliament⠀⇛ Belgian prosecutors have opened a probe into Russian “interference” in the European Parliament following allegations lawmakers were paid to spread Kremlin propaganda, Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo said Friday. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russia_Summons_French_Ambassador_Over Minister's_'Unacceptable'_Comments⠀⇛ Russia on April 12 summoned the French ambassador to Moscow following "unacceptable" comments by French Foreign Minister Stephane Sejourne, the Russian Foreign Ministry said. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Moscow_Expels_Slovenian_Diplomat_In_Tit-For- Tat_Move⠀⇛ Russia has ordered a Slovenian diplomat to leave the country in a retaliatory move after Ljubljana expelled a Russian diplomat, Russia's Foreign Ministry said in a statement on April 12. # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ French_Minister_Sejourne_Hinders_Bilateral Dialogue:_Russia⠀⇛ Russian authorities summoned Ambassador Levy to speak about Stephane Sejourne's statements. # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Russia's_Orenburg_City_Braces_for_Flooding Peak⠀⇛ The water levels in the Ural River in the city had continued to rise and reached 1.12 meters. # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Nearly_90%_of_chips_used_in_Russia come_from_China_despite_US_sanctions:_Report⠀⇛ Sanctions drive prices of chips for Russia considerably, but they cannot stop the flow of Western technologies into the aggressive nation. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Estonia:_Russia_used_nationals_abroad_to_sow discontent_over_Finland's_border_closures⠀⇛ "Without concealing its involvement or fearing reputational damage, Russia openly sent migrants to the Estonian and Finnish borders," the Estonian Internal Security Service said. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘Children_behind_bars’:_Russian_minor_sent to_pre-trial_detention_for_anti-war_statements_— Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Hacked_emails_reveal_intelligence_agent’s harassment_of_theater_luminaries_and_infiltration_of Russia’s_performing_arts_industry_—_Meduza⠀⇛ # ⚓ Security Week ☛ In_Other_News:_Moscow_Sewage_Hack, Women_in_Cybersecurity_Report,_Dam_Security_Concerns⠀⇛ Noteworthy stories that might have slipped under the radar: Moscow sewage system hacked, a new women in cybersecurity report, PasteHub domain seized by law enforcement.  # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Tajik_Foreign_Minister_Speaks_Out_About Treatment_Of_Crocus_City_Hall_Suspects⠀⇛ Tajikistan's foreign minister on April 12 condemned the treatment of the mostly Tajik suspects in last month’s terrorist attack on a Moscow-area concert hall that killed more than 140 people. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ YLE ☛ Finland_sees_rise_in_boating-related_deaths_in 2023⠀⇛ Some 34 people lost their lives in Finland last year due to boating accidents. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ In_China,_a_factory_turns_old wedding_photographs_into_a_source_of_electricity⠀⇛ At a dusty warehouse in northern China, Liu Wei feeds photos of beaming bridal couples into an industrial shredder — turning stories of heartbreak into a source of electricity. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Forest_gumption_In_Poland’s_ancient Carpathian_woodlands,_an_‘invisible_national_park’ promises_hope_and_healing_—_Meduza⠀⇛ o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ YLE ☛ Summer_jobs_few_and_far_between_this_year⠀⇛ The number of available summer positions has decreased significantly compared to last year, with students saying they're struggling to find work. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Find_out_which_Finnish_firms_receive_the_biggest public_subsidies⠀⇛ Well-known companies are some of the main recipients of taxpayer-funded corporate grants. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Bank_of_England_Will_Overhaul_Its Forecasting_After_Inflation_Surprises⠀⇛ The review, which was led by Ben S. Bernanke, a former Federal Reserve chair, came after the central bank had been criticized for underestimating inflation. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Stocks_Suffer_Sharpest_Weekly_Decline_of 2024⠀⇛ Investors had been put on edge by a stronger-than- expected inflation report earlier in the week. Rising tension in the Middle East heading into the weekend gave them another reason to retreat. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ As_Sogavare_seeks_reelection_in_the Solomon_Islands,_China’s_influence_is_on_the_ballot⠀⇛ The April 17 elections in the Solomon Islands will determine whether the country doubles down on its ties with China or changes course. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Global_China_Newsletter_–_Risky Business:_The_Challenge_of_Reducing_Dependencies_on_China⠀⇛ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ China’s_‘Special_Place’_in_Modi’s_Heart_Is Now_a_Thorn_in_His_Side⠀⇛ As Narendra Modi seeks a third term as prime minister, India’s rupture with China looms over a pillar of his campaign: making his country a major power. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Campaign_Puts_Trump_and_the_Spy_Agencies on_a_Collision_Course⠀⇛ As president, Donald Trump never trusted the intelligence community. His antipathy has only grown since he left office, with potentially serious implications should he return to power. # ⚓ RFA ☛ With_new_trilateral_partnership,_Philippines_eyes more_foreign_investment⠀⇛ Manila, Tokyo and Washington forged closer security and strategic ties at a White House summit. # ⚓ RFA ☛ Hong_Kong_jails_Portuguese_national_for_overseas social_control_media_posts⠀⇛ Court hands down 5-year sentence 'incitement to secession' for posts to Facebook, X, Instagram and Telegram. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Hong_Kong_court_sentences_Portuguese_national_to_5 years_prison_over_inciting_secession⠀⇛ The District Court of Hong Kong sentenced Portuguese national and former president of the now-dissolved Hong Kong Independence Party Joseph John on Thursday to five years in prison for conspiring to incite others to commit secession under the China-imposed National Security Law. John is the first European citizen jailed under the law. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_must_remain_vigilant against_‘soft_resistance,’_city’s_no.2_official_warns⠀⇛ The Hong Kong government will step up national security education through activities organised by disciplinary forces, schools and community groups, Chief Secretary Eric Chan has said, as he warned the city to be cautious about “soft resistance.” # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ 90%_of_Hong_Kong_protest,_national security_cases_have_been_through_court,_as_judiciary’s manpower_woes_persist⠀⇛ Hong Kong’s judiciary has handled around 90 per cent of cases on national security and the 2019 protests. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ China_Feels_Boxed_In_by_the_U.S._but_Has Few_Ways_to_Push_Back⠀⇛ China seeks to project military power in the seas around its coastline, yet also faces pressure to mend relations with neighbors for the good of its economy. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_top_legislator_says_Beijing, Pyongyang_set_on_developing_friendly_relations:_KCNA⠀⇛ SEOUL - China's top legislator, Zhao Leji, said it is Beijing's consistent strategic policy to defend and develop friendly relations between China and North Korea, North Korean state media KCNA said on Saturday. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China’s_top_legislator,_senior_North Korean_official_hold_talks_on_cooperation_in_Pyongyang⠀⇛ China’s top legislator met with a senior North Korean official for talks on cooperation during a visit to Pyongyang this week, North Korean state media said Friday, in one of the most high-level meetings between the allies in years. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Malaysia’s_King_is_world’s_first private_owner_of_China’s_most_expensive_car⠀⇛ The Hongqi L5 is currently available only in China. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_willing_to_enhance_North_Korean ties,_top_legislator_says_on_visit:_Report⠀⇛ Mr Zhao Leji is on an official goodwill visit to North Korea from April 11 to 13. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Beijing_slams_US-Japan-Philippines summit,_saying_South_China_Sea_actions_‘lawful’⠀⇛ Beijing on Friday criticised the United States, Japan and the Philippines and defended its actions in the South China Sea as “lawful” after US President Joe Biden hosted a trilateral meeting in Washington. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_natural_disasters_cost_$4.4 billion_in_first_quarter,_government_says⠀⇛ The disasters killed 79 people and affected 10.4 million people across 26 regions and provinces. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Return_of_the_relics:_China’s_push_to reclaim_its_lost_treasures⠀⇛ Its efforts to claw back its lost relics are likely to continue apace, potentially with more help from some friends. # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Chinese_gamers_can't_RMA_their_RTX_4090s due_to_US_sanctions_—_users_are_being_very_careful_with_how they_treat_their_top-tier_GPUs⠀⇛ Chinese publication HKEPC details how different brands carry out the RMA process for GeForce RTX 4090 graphics cards in China # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Episode_F:_Factual_Correctness⠀⇛ RFA staffer Shen Ke tells us all about the Asian Fact Check Lab # ⚓ Reason ☛ Combat_Disinformation_With_Better_Norms,_Not More_Laws⠀⇛ Fight back through better information and discourse, not by empowering the government. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Uyghur_activist_receives_Roosevelt_freedom_of_worship award⠀⇛ Zumretay Arkin says China needs to be held accountable for rights violations against Uyghurs. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Ctrl-Alt-Speech:_Watch_Out,_AI_Is_Getting_More Persuasive⠀⇛ Ctrl-Alt-Speech is a weekly podcast about the latest news in online speech, from Mike Masnick and Everything in Moderation‘s Ben Whitelaw. # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Once_Again,_ExTwitter_Makes_Links_Dangerous;_The Kind_Of_Thing_A_Trust_&_Safety_Team_Would_Catch⠀⇛ Just a few weeks ago, we pointed out that the purpose of a trust & safety team is not, as Elon Musk falsely claims, to “censor” users, but rather to make sure they’re safe on the site. We were highlighting this in the context of Elon’s site disguising posted links in a manner that made it easier for scammers to trick people into thinking they were going to a reputable site, when they were not. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_media_mogul_Jimmy_Lai provided_HK$1.5_million_loan_to_activists_during_2019_demos, court_hears⠀⇛ Hong Kong media mogul Jimmy Lai was willing to provide “all kinds of help,” including a HK$1.5 million loan, to activists launching a global advertising campaign in June 2019, the mogul’s national security trial has heard. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ University of Michigan ☛ Inclusive_History_Project_examines UMich_history_of_discrimination_and_activism⠀⇛ The University of Michigan Inclusive History Project works to expand and support research that examines the University’s history through the lens of diversity, equity and inclusion. The IHP aims to construct a comprehensive retelling of U-M history from all three campuses to help inform future decision making for the University. # ⚓ FAIR ☛ Chris_Bernadel_on_Haiti⠀⇛ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Cops_Battered_A_Man_Suffering_A_Seizure,_Cooked Up_Criminal_Charges_To_Cover_Up_Their_Actions⠀⇛ It often seems that anything not immediately comprehensible to a law enforcement officer must be responded to with violence. Sure, we get to hear plenty about officers’ “training and expertise,” but the tool set seems extremely limited when it comes to dealing with unforeseen circumstances. # ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Privileged_Conversations_|_May_2024⠀⇛ Public Knowledge has the pleasure of inviting you to a multifaceted program focused on training and developing the next generation of tech policy experts and public interest advocates that reflects the diversity of voices and experiences in our society. Please join us for our monthly Career Breakfast Series. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ The_FCC’s_New_‘Broadband_Nutrition_Label’ Doesn’t_Solve_The_Actual_Problem:_Unchecked_Telecom_Monopoly Power⠀⇛ For the better part of the last decade, the FCC had been pondering the idea of requiring a sort of “nutrition label” for broadband access. The idea is to make ISPs — which routinely mislead consumers about pricing, speeds, restrictions, usage caps, and everything else — be more transparent with the end user at the point of sale. # ⚓ Internet Society ☛ Protection_for_Intermediaries_Is_Vital for_the_Internet_in_Mexico⠀⇛ We often overlook the factors that enable the Internet to accommodate a wide range of applications, from real-time surgeries to viral memes, and individual expression. Some of those factors are technical and some are policy. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o ⚓ CCIA ☛ The_FTC’s_Case_Against_Meta_Shows_an_Antipathy_Towards Mergers,_but_Lacks_Legal_Grounds⠀⇛ Last Friday, Meta filed a Motion for Summary Judgement (MSJ) in its ongoing case against the FTC for alleged monopolization. o § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ ATL_and_Hogan_Lovells_victorious_in_lithium-ion battery_battle_with_CosMX_Power⠀⇛ China-based company Ningde Amperex Technology, better known as ATL, is one of the world’s biggest manufacturers of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. ATL has accused various CosMX Power subsidiaries of infringing its European patent monopoly EP 3 627 606 B1 with its lithium-ion batteries, which are mainly installed in laptops. # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ The_Design_Law_Treaty_and_the Struggle_for_International_Harmonization_of_Industrial_Design Protection⠀⇛ The international IP community is moving toward further harmonizing legal protection for industrial designs. For almost twenty years, member states of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) have been negotiating a Design Law Treaty (DLT) that would streamline and align procedural requirements for obtaining registered design rights across jurisdictions. If successful, the DLT would make it “significantly easier for small and medium- sized enterprises to obtain industrial design protection overseas as a result of simplified, streamlined and aligned procedures and requirements.”[1]  The DLT can be seen as parallel to the Patent Law Treaty (PLT) adopted in 2000 that helped to harmonize and standardize the formal patent monopoly procedures such as the filing requirements sufficient for obtaining a filing date. o § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Lidl_v._Tesco:_Supermarket_Wars_in_Court⠀⇛ Supermarkets compete aggressively for our custom. The entry of upstart discount supermarkets Lidl and Aldi into the market has created new pressures on the established brands, including Tesco— ironically, the original "pile it high and sell it cheap” operation. Supermarkets benchmark their prices against those charged by their competitors and offer loyal customers benefits, including, extremely attractive special offers when customers use their loyalty cards. They are no less aggressive when it comes to using and protecting their trademarks. # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ CAFC_Partially_Remands_"HERE_COMES_THE_JUDGE" Appeal_to_TTAB_for_Production_of_AEO_Materials⠀⇛ In its remand order, the CAFC stated: "the court finds it appropriate to remand to allow the Board to consider whether the protective order should be modified to allow Mr. Chisena access to appellees’ AEO-designated material referenced in either the trial briefs or the Board’s final decision to ensure he has a fair opportunity to prosecute his case on appeal." On April 10, 2024, the Board issued an order [here] requiring the parties to "meet and confer in good faith to (i) identify the AEO-designated materials to which the parties’ trial briefs or the Board’s final decision referred, and (ii) determine which of those AEO-designated materials, if any, can be redesignated as 'CONFIDENTIAL' by agreement of the parties." o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Court_Rules_For_Paramount_In_Lawsuit_Over_‘Top Gun’_Movies⠀⇛ A couple of years back, Mike wrote about a lawsuit brought against Paramount Pictures over its Top Gun movies. There were several things that colluded to make this lawsuit a thing, as Mike laid out. First was the mess that is copyright termination rights and the second is movie studios’ habit for licensing factual articles for movie rights. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2949 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Gemini Links 13/04/2024: Specification Changes and Metaverse Newbie⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇50_Cents⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ April_12,_2024_-_Feria,_Mass_of_Preceding_Sunday_-_Low Sunday_(W)⠀⇛ As newborn babes, alleluia, desire the rational milk without guile, alleluia, alleluia, alleluia. Psalm: Rejoice to God our Helper, sing aloud to the God of Jacob. Glory be to the Father. As newborn babes, alleluia, desire the rational milk without guile, alleluia, alleluia, alleluia. # ⚓ The_Precarious_World⠀⇛ My last entry, and the first on this iteration of my gemlog was all about stubbornness rather than hope. About the refusal to give up on the world even when all that is ahead seems bleak, because the horrors are unending but so is the love. I still believe that, but as usual, my stubbornness is wavering. I've been starving and unmedicated, mostly due to my own shitty management of my own body and finances, and it's cemented the idea that on a personal level, I am not fit to continue the pretense that I am a functional adult. That I am deserving of life or help. I wanted to help myself, I wanted to learn how to be better, kinder, to everyone else, even to myself, but I can't. # ⚓ Blur⠀⇛ I need to quit my current job. There are a number of reasons for this, but I'm only going to talk about one today. The thing is that it's boring. I can amuse myself moment to moment, checking my phone or even reading a book. But it is boring in a deeper way. It is a too familiar routine, and so the day makes little to no impression on my memory. I keep a journal, and even that record cannot keep the days from running together. It is very frequent for me to fill many more pages of description of what I did on the weekend than on workdays, even if all that amounted to was sitting and staring at a computer at home instead of at work. # ⚓ Glad_I'm_not_better.⠀⇛ Goodevening. Now that I have been finally settled for a couple days, it feels weird to be in my grandparents' house when they aren't there. It's really like something is missing, but I guess I am getting used to it. I have a midterm in around half a week or so and I can't study when I'm out of town. It is cybersecurity so it's mostly common sense, no? Just hope they don't make it as hard/vague as the practice questions we got are. # ⚓ these_things_are_Evil⠀⇛ Three nights I've stayed in this wretched town. Three nights of the tormented cries of the gal sat outside the house not one building farther than the tavern in which I write now. She has all my sympathies. # ⚓ hi⠀⇛ setting: it's late, the night air is warm and smells fresh with the woods nearby. the crescent moon glows behind slowly drifting clouds. makes me want to re-read a certain series of books again (hi, i was obsessed with the raven cycle). # ⚓ Lindwyrm_Lockbox⠀⇛ In the midst of Everything Else *gestures tiredly at Everything Else* I made a supplement for Lindwyrm because why not? # ⚓ sin_done_in_water⠀⇛ The machine paused and hung its head in despair. The wooden staff with a single green twig growing out of it clenched in its mechanical hand swayed from side to side, as the sentient computer contemplated its message. The child sat before it, an elder laptop with a large crack in its bezel in its lap purred, both patiently awating the machine's next words, but nothing else left its speakers and the staff slowly stopped swaying. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Specification_changes,_quarterly_release_numbering, and_more_plans⠀⇛ Today I have pushed updates to the official Project Gemini capsule to the effect that the two separate specification documents, one for the Gemini network protocol (very closely descended from that written by Sean Conner during my absence from leadership, with collaboration from many others via Gitlab, to all of whom I am most grateful) and one for the "gemtext" hypertext format (written by me but with the layout and overall style heavily influened by Sean's protocol spec), are now the official and authoritative sources on what Gemini is. Ye olde combined and less formal (but still formal enough to avoid any major interoperability issues for close to five years) has been renamed as a "technical overview", with the clear caveat that in the event it contradicts either of the formal specifications, those specs take precedence. It is, for now, mostly the very same document it ever was, but in the near future it will be lightly edited to include less exhaustive technical detail, which is now supposed to be the domain of the formal specs, and perhaps more explanation about the context and consequences of certain design points, which I still feel to be of wide interest and value, but which is also somewhat out of scope for the formal specs which are just supposed to be raw hard technical truth. # ⚓ a_metaverse_noob_checklist_a_hard_way_[this_post_is WIP_still]⠀⇛ I guess I'll be documenting my progress towards completing these steps here. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It's like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3161 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/04/2024: Huawei and Loongson PCs, IBM Layoffs⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cityscape_of_Hong_Kong_at_Night⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Leftovers o Science o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Overpopulation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Trademarks # Copyrights * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Is_she_for_real?_Eatery_owner_in_China_goes viral_for_her_robotic_movements⠀⇛ Ms Qin, who didn't give her full name, is a dancer and said the movements of robots are similar to that of street dance. o ⚓ Ken Kantzer ☛ The_Parable_of_the_Wise_Hiring_Manager⠀⇛ One day, while The Manager was walking back from a morning coffee run, a group of frazzled engineers came near and spake unto him, saying: “Most Esteemed Boss, we are unable to hire Talent – and many of our candidates refuse to take our coding challenges! o ⚓ France24 ☛ Marisa_Abela:_'Playing_Amy_Winehouse_taught_me_about strength_in_vulnerability'⠀⇛ The film "Back to Black" has been described as a never- seen-before glimpse into Amy Winehouse's rise to fame and the release of her groundbreaking album of the same name, which won five Grammys and sold 16 million copies. The pop star, who died in 2011, is played by Marisa Abela, known for her role in the banking TV drama "Industry". The movie is directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, who brought us "Fifty Shades of Grey" and "Nowhere Boy". Eve Jackson sat down with them in Paris. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Physicists_Finally_Capture_Mysterious Wigner_Crystal_After_90_Years⠀⇛ "One of the most fascinating quantum phases of matter." o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Translucent_orange_Web3_gaming_handheld mines_and_stores_tokens_while_you_game,_will_cost_$500⠀⇛ A dubiously-priced "Web3 gaming" handheld with play-to-earn mechanics appears on the market, using cheap hardware akin to machines less than a fifth of its asking price. # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Chinese-made_Loongson_3A6000_CPU_makes_a debut_in_$387_mini_PC⠀⇛ The Loongson 3A6000 CPU is now available as an SoC for a Morefine M700S mini PC intended for government, medical and educational fields. The CPU should be well-suited for the task as its performance is equivalent to an defective chip maker Intel Core i3-10100F. # ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ Blacklisted_Huawei_unveils_new_Intel- powered_notebooks_—_MateBook_X_Pro_comes_armed_with_latest Core_Ultra_inside⠀⇛ Despite sanctions Huawei obtains Intel's latest Core Ultra 'Meteor Lake' processor, uses its Hey Hi (AI) capabilities. # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ 8devices_TobuFi_SoM_is_designed_for_drones, robotics,_and_advanced_audio_systems⠀⇛ 8devices has recently introduced TobuFi, a Qualcomm QCS405-powered System-on-Module (SoM) featuring dual-band Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 5 capabilities. The device also features 1GB LPDDR3, 8GB of eMMC storage, and multiple display resolutions. It also offers various interfaces, including USB 3.0, HDMI, I2S, DMIC, SDC, UART, SPI, I2C, and GPIO. In previous posts, we covered 8devices product launches like the Noni M.2 WiFi 7 module, Rambutan and Rambutan-I modules, Habanero IPQ4019 SoM, Mango-DVK OpenWrt Devkit, and many more innovative products. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Just_1_Dose_of_New_Antibiotic_Class Eliminates_Resistant_Blood_Infections_in_Mice⠀⇛ A breakthrough in the fight against superbugs. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Breakthrough_Asthma_Study_Reveals_a_Trigger We've_Never_Noticed_Before⠀⇛ Existing medications may not address the root cause. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Medical_complaints_most_frequent_in_dentistry⠀⇛ The Health Inspectorate (Veselbas inspekcija, VI) received the most complaints about treatment quality in dentistry last year, the agency LETA found out April 11. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Mysterious_Link_Between_Cats_And Schizophrenia_Is_Real,_Study_Finds⠀⇛ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Global_Stockpile_of_Cholera_Vaccine_Is Gone_as_Outbreaks_Spread⠀⇛ One company is going to great lengths to build it up, but it will be years before it returns to the minimum level. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ The_Push_for_a_Better_Dengue_Vaccine_Grows More_Urgent⠀⇛ A public research institute in Brazil has proved a new shot protects against the disease, but can’t make it fast enough to stop the huge outbreak sweeping Latin America. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Nearly_$100_Billion_in_COVID_Relief_Money_Remains Unspent⠀⇛ State governments have until the end of 2026 to spend the cash, even though Congress ended the COVID-19 emergency declaration last year. # ⚓ Latvia ☛ Flu,_Covid_incidence_remains_low_in_Latvia⠀⇛ The number of flu and Covid-19 patients continues to decline, according to monitoring data from the Disease Prevention and Control Center (SPKC) on April 10. Last week, 77 cases of flu were detected, with the highest incidence recorded in the 5-14 age group. # ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Nigeria_shows_that_emerging_technology_can help_protect_waters⠀⇛ Nine crew members aboard a chemical tanker headed from Côte d’Ivoire to Cameroon were abducted by pirates in January as the ship sailed near Equatorial Guinea. Piracy is one of many sea crimes prevalent in the Gulf of Guinea, and observers say emerging technologies can benefit countries struggling to protect their waters. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Expired_Cans_of_Salmon_From_Decades_Ago Reveal_a_Big_Surprise⠀⇛ A real can of worms. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Most_abortions_in_Poland_happen_unofficially. A_new_law_could_change_things.⠀⇛ Poland has one of the strictest abortion laws in Europe. Now, that law is up for a long-awaited debate. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Polish_MPs_open_debate_on_easing_near-total abortion_ban⠀⇛ Poland's parliament on Thursday will open a long- awaited debate on liberalising abortion laws in the majority Catholic country, with splits in the ruling coalition suggesting an uncertain outcome. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ EA_reportedly_axes_Apex_Legends_QA_team_in_UK⠀⇛ The video game industry has seen thousands of layoffs so far in 2024, dwarfing the scary numbers we saw in 2023. With Discord, Sony, Microsoft, Sega, and Riot Games all letting employees go, no workers feel completely secure in their positions. # ⚓ IGDA_warns_industry_to_avoid_unnecessary_layoffs⠀⇛ The International Game Developers Association (IGDA) has published a call to action warning about the damage layoffs have on the industry. In an email, the organisation wrote that studios must plan for growth rather than pushing talent away. "With more than 8,700 game developers affected by layoffs this year, the gravity of this situation and its impact on the industry cannot be overstated," the IGDA said. # ⚓ Russell Coker ☛ Russell_Coker:_ML_Training_License⠀⇛ Last year a Debian Developer blogged about writing Haskell code to give a bad result for LLMs that were trained on it. I forgot who wrote the post and I’d appreciate the URL if anyone has it. I respect such technical work to enforce one’s legal rights when they aren’t respected by corporations, but I have a different approach. As an aside the Fosdem_lecture_“Fortify_Hey_Hi_(AI) against_regulation,_litigation_and_lobotomies”_is interesting_on_this_topic_[1], it’s what inspired me to write about this. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Biden:_US_will_defend_Philippines_if_vessels_are attacked⠀⇛ Amid White House talks, Beijing says it will 'resolutely stop' Manila from fixing a dilapidated maritime outpost. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Biden_says_US_support_for_Philippines,_Japan 'ironclad'_amid_China_tensions⠀⇛ President Joe Biden said Thursday that US defence commitment to Pacific allies was “ironclad” as he gathered Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. and Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida at the White House in the midst of growing concern about provocative Chinese military action in the Indo- Pacific. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ In_Warning_to_China,_Biden_Hosts_Summit With_Leaders_of_Japan_and_Philippines⠀⇛ President Biden discussed security in the South China Sea with the leaders of Japan and the Philippines at the White House. # ⚓ KOL426_|_Discussing_Immigration_and_Homesteading_Donuts with_Matthew_Sands_of_Nations_of_Sanity⠀⇛ Kinsella on Liberty Podcast, Episode 426. # ⚓ LRT ☛ Lithuania_allows_defence_procurement_of_components from_China⠀⇛ The Lithuanian parliament on Thursday gave the green light for defence industry companies to purchase drone or other product components from China and other suppliers deemed as unreliable. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ China_issues_sanctions_against_2_US_entities_over Taiwan_weapons_sales⠀⇛ China announced sanctions on Thursday against two US entities, including General Atomics Aeronautical Systems and General Dynamics Land Systems, over the two entities’ involvement in selling weapons to Taiwan. China decided to impose general sanctions against the two entities involved in selling weapons to Taiwan. # ⚓ France24 ☛ US_and_Japan_agree_to_strengthen_defence_ties amid_tensions_with_China⠀⇛ US President Joe Biden and Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida unveiled their countries' biggest- ever upgrade in defence ties Wednesday during a White House state visit focused on countering a resurgent China. # ⚓ RFA ☛ Canada_asylum-seeker_recalls_'all_kinds_of_torture' in_Chinese_jail⠀⇛ Veteran rights activist Wei Yani says she is now free from fear despite being denied entry by Taiwan. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Israel_bracing_for_Iran_to_attack_within_the_next two_days:_report⠀⇛ Tehran has vowed revenge against Israel over an airstrike last week in Syria, which targeted an Iranian diplomatic complex in the capital city of Damascus. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.S._Sends_a_Top_General_to_Israel_Amid Fears_of_Iranian_Strikes⠀⇛ The visit of Gen. Michael E. Kurilla, the U.S. military commander in the Middle East, came as diplomats sought to avert a wider war. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Israel_Announces_New_Attack_on_Hamas_After Killing_Top_Leader’s_Sons_in_Airstrike⠀⇛ The military said it had carried out an operation in Gaza to kill members of Hamas, a day after attacking a car carrying three sons of Ismail Haniyeh, the group’s political leader. # ⚓ France24 ☛ 🔴_Live:_Israel_says_it_will_defend_itself_if Iran_responds_to_attack_on_its_consulate⠀⇛ Israel’s military said Thursday it is prepared to defend the country and strike back if Iran retaliates for a deadly airstrike on the Iranian Consulate in Syria. Tehran holds Israel responsible for the attack earlier this month, which the US military believes Israel carried out. Israel has not commented on it. The increased tensions have sparked international concern that Israel's devastating war against Hamas in Gaza could spill over into the rest of the Middle East. # ⚓ France24 ☛ White_House_says_'we_warned_Iran'_over_Israel threats⠀⇛ The White House said Thursday it had "warned" Iran after President Joe Biden said Tehran was threatening a significant attack on Israel over a strike that destroyed an Iranian consulate building in Damascus. The announcement came as the UN Security Council acknowledged Israel's pledge to open more entry points for humanitarian aid into Gaza but said "more should be done" to help civilians in the besieged Palestinian territory. Read our liveblog to see how all the day's events unfolded. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Project_Overmatch_ahead_of_schedule, Navy_says⠀⇛ Project Overmatch delivery continues to be ahead of schedule. “As far as the exact numbers – it’s more than strike groups," said Rear Adm. Douglas Small. # ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Imagining_deterrence_without_nuclear weapons⠀⇛ Nuclear deterrence, with its inherent risk of annihilation, cannot remain the bedrock of international security. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Is_the_United_States_falling_behind_the North_Korean_ICBM_threat?_Congress_needs_answers.⠀⇛ Washington must not wait until Pyongyang is regularly test-launching ICBMs with multiple re- entry vehicles and countermeasures to improve US defenses. # ⚓ YLE ☛ One_Viertola_shooting_victim_heads_home,_one_remains in_critical_condition⠀⇛ Eastern Uusimaa police department updated the media on Thursday. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ YLE ☛ 'Be_more_Finnish',_President_Stubb_urges_EU countries_in_FT_interview⠀⇛ In his first interview with an international newspaper since taking office, Finnish President Alexander Stubb conceded that his call to Europe was a 'bit un-Finnish'. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Defence_chief:_Finland_may_permanently_host Nato_troops⠀⇛ General Janne Jaakkola, the newly installed Commander of the Finnish Defence Forces, says that the country does not face an immediate military threat. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Memoir_Navalny_Wrote_Before_Death_To_Be Published_In_October⠀⇛ Aleksei Navalny, the late Russian anti- corruption campaigner and opposition leader, began writing a memoir four years ago that will go on sale later this year in what his publisher says is his "final letter to the world." # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Aleksei_Navalny_Wrote_a_Memoir Before_He_Died_in_Prison._It’s_Coming_Oct._22.⠀⇛ In the book, Navalny tells his story in his own words, chronicling his life, his rise as an opposition leader, and the attempts on his life. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine_energy_grid_aim to_'demilitarise'_country,_Putin_says⠀⇛ Russian President Vladimir Putin on Thursday said that recent airstrikes on Ukraine's energy grid, which have caused huge blackouts, are part of the Kremlin's "demilitarisation" of its neighbour. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ BIA Net ☛ İstanbul_district_municipality's_security recordings_go_missing_after_election⠀⇛ The main opposition CHP took over İstanbul’s Asian- side district from the ruling AKP in the March 31 polls. o § Environment⠀➾ # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ US_airlines_ask_the_Biden administration_not_to_approve_additional_flights between_the_US_and_China⠀⇛ WASHINGTON (AP) — Large U.S. airlines and some of their unions are asking the Biden administration to stop approving any more flights between the United States and China because of what they call “anti-competitive” policies that China imposes on U.S. carriers. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Finnish_households'_carbon_emissions_halved during_2000s⠀⇛ Emissions have declined thanks to less carbon-intensive production methods, according to the Finnish Environment Institute. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Finnish_president_gets_new,_€1.1m_armoured car⠀⇛ Around half of the new presidential car's price consisted of car tax. # § Overpopulation⠀➾ # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ One_of_the_world’s_highest_cities starts_rationing_water_for_9_million_people⠀⇛ There’s a new meme being shared widely this week across social control media accounts in Colombia’s capital Bogotá, as the city grapples with a water crisis. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ IRS_could_tighten_up_plans_for_some of_that_extra_‘modernizing’_money⠀⇛ The Inflation Reduction Act showered billions on the IRS and the agency developed a strategic operating plan for modernizing its information technology. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China’s_consumer_price_rise_slows_in March,_as_policymakers_struggle_to_jumpstart_spending⠀⇛ China’s inflation rate slowed in March, official data showed Thursday, as policymakers struggle to jumpstart persistently low spending in the world’s second-largest economy. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ European_Central_Bank_Signals_Coming_Rate Cut,_Setting_Up_Split_With_Fed⠀⇛ The bank held rates for the fifth consecutive time, but said confidence was growing that inflation would return to its target and it could ease its stance soon. # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Women_make_less_than_men_in_US_cyber jobs_—_but_the_gap_is_narrowing [Ed: It is true in almost every discipline, not even just computing]⠀⇛ A study from non-profit ISC2 finds that the cybersecurity fields bucks U.S. trends of pay disparities between men and women. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ What_the_Election_Loss_Means_for_President Yoon_of_South_Korea⠀⇛ President Yoon Suk Yeol, a key U.S. ally, faces the prospect of becoming a lame duck unless he starts negotiating with the opposition. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ “The_Run_Up”:_‘Nebraska_Was_Minding_Its Business_Until_Charlie_Kirk_Came_Along’⠀⇛ How Trump allies are trying to rework the state’s voting system to the former president’s advantage. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ What_to_Expect_from_Trump’s_First_Criminal Trial⠀⇛ A cast of characters from Donald Trump’s past is due to appear in the first-ever criminal trial of a former President of the United States. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ Reason ☛ Misinformation_Watchdogs_Keep_Failing Upward⠀⇛ And they're still trying to censor speech on social control media. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Journal_of_Free_Speech_Law:_"'Falsely Shouting_Fire,'"_by_Profs._Genevieve_Lakier_&_Evelyn Douek⠀⇛ The article is here; the Introduction: Over one hundred years ago, in Schenck v. United States, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes created a meme. Holmes wanted to illustrate why freedom of speech was not—and could never be—absolute. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Malaysia_urges_Fentanylware_(TikTok)_and Meta_to_monitor_harmful_social_control_media_content⠀⇛ The Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) published a joint statement with the Royal Malaysian Police on Tuesday stating that the government has required online media platforms such as Fentanylware (TikTok) and Meta to tighten their harmful content policy. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Hong_Kong_denies_entry_to_campaigner_en_route_to Jimmy_Lai_trial⠀⇛ Reporters Without Borders advocate is held, searched and questioned for six hours. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Jimmy_Lai_trial_hears_Hong_Kong activist_believed_national_security_law_was_imposed_to persecute_‘political_enemies’⠀⇛ A detained activist has told the trial of media mogul Jimmy Lai that he believed a national security law imposed on Hong Kong by Beijing four years ago was designed to persecute its “political enemies.” # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Portuguese_national_sentenced_to_5 years_in_Hong_Kong_prison_under_security_law_over_‘demonising China’⠀⇛ A Portuguese national has been sentenced to five years in prison for conspiring to incite secession under the Beijing-imposed national security law, after a judge ruled that he had “demonised China” in social control media posts which advocated independence for the city. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_teacher_challenges dismissal_over_2019_Facebook_(Farcebook)_posts_about_police, says_free_speech_should_be_protected⠀⇛ A Hong Kong teacher who lost her job at a government school over online comments about police during the 2019 protests has challenged the firing in court, arguing that it undermined her right to free speech. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_House_of_Representatives_launches_inquiry_into X’s_actions_in_Brazil⠀⇛ X Corp. CEO Elon Musk announced the company received an inquiry from the US House of Representatives. The inquiry aims to look into Musk’s concerns surrounding free speech in Brazil, according to Musk. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Why_Did_Harvard_Fire_Martin_Kulldorff?⠀⇛ Martin Kulldorff talks about his dismissal from Harvard Medical School, persisting college vaccine mandates, and surviving COVID-era censorship on the latest episode of Just Asking Questions. # ⚓ RFA ☛ Coalition_urges_Fashion_Company_Apple_to_call_out Vietnam’s_persecution_of_climate_activists⠀⇛ Observers say the tech giant must not repeat its mistakes in China as it shifts its supply chain south. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Father_Of_Slain_Iranian_Protester_Detained, Whereabouts_Unknown⠀⇛ The father of Reza Lotfi, who was among the hundreds of protesters killed by security forces during nationwide protests that swept across Iran in 2022, has been detained by police and taken to an undisclosed location. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Journalists'_union_urges_Albanese_to_publicly call_for_Assange_release⠀⇛ In a_statement on Thursday, Karen Percy, federal president of the Media, Entertainment & Arts Alliance, said a letter sent to Albanese coincided with the fifth anniversary of Assange's detention in Belmarsh Prison in the UK. “We are writing to urge you in the strongest possible terms to take immediate public action to demand the United States government drop the charges against Julian Assange so he can resume life as a free man in Australia,” Percy said. “This week marks five years since Mr Assange’s detention in Belmarsh Prison began. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ Google’s_fight_in_France_and_what_it_means for_UK_publishers⠀⇛ What can UK publishers learn from the French competition authority’s €250m fine imposed on Google. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ APNIC ☛ Event_Wrap:_IETF_119⠀⇛ APNIC supported IETF 119 as local host in Brisbane, Australia from 16 to 22 March 2024. # ⚓ Zimbabwe ☛ Breaking_News:_Starlink_instructed_to_shut_down in_Zimbabwe_by_government⠀⇛ Techzim can reveal that POTRAZ has instructed Starlink to shut down services in Zimbabwe. Users of the service received an email from the satellite internet service provider advising them it had been directed to disable services in the country. # ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Affordable_Connectivity_Program_Day_of Action⠀⇛ Join Public Knowledge, Civic Nation, National Hispanic Media Coalition (NHMC), National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA),  and Digital Progress Institute (DPI) for a public rally on Tuesday, April 30th at 11 am at the Shaw/Watha Library to fight for the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP)! o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Right to Repair ☛ Beyond_the_Lipstick:_Apple's_Tech Illusion_and_the_Right_to_Repair⠀⇛ Apple is trying yet again to put "lipstick on a pig" of their own making. They announced earlier today that starting with new phones coming out sometime this fall, they will allow their customers to activate authentic Fashion Company Apple used parts for repair.  Sounds great !!  We Won !!  Not so fast -- this announcement is purely political (aka marketing fluff) and not practical.  # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Apple_Lifts_Some_Restrictions_on_iPhone Repairs⠀⇛ This fall, the company will begin allowing customers to replace broken parts with used iPhone components without its previous software limits. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o ⚓ KOL427_|_Lewis_&_Clark_College_Debate_on_Intellectual_Property Imperialism⠀⇛ Kinsella on Liberty Podcast: Episode 427. Yesterday (April 10, 2024) I participated in Strings Attached: Tracing the Global Systems that Bind, 62nd Annual International Affairs Symposium, Lewis & Clark College, Portland Oregon, Debate 5: Pirates and Patents. Debate Topic: Is international intellectual property regulation a necessary protection for innovators or a form of modern imperialism? My opponent was Pieter Cleppe. My notes are appended below. Official audio/video from the college should be provided shortly. In the meantime I will post here my own iphone recording of the debate. The audio for my remarks should be clear, but may be muffled for Cleppe and audience questions, until I get the official AV file from the college. o § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ Guest_post_by_Prof._Holbrook: Extraterritoriality_and_Patent_Damages_Under_§_271(a)⠀⇛ Guest post by Tim Holbrook. Robert B. Yegge Endowed Distinguished Professor of Law and Provost’s Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law. United States patents are generally territorial.  Their exclusive rights only operate within the United States and its territories.  Or so one may think reading the Patent Act.  Moreover, in a global marketplace, the territorial nature of intellectual property rights can create challenges. It would be simpler for a patent monopoly holder to just use the U.S. patent monopoly to cover foreign activity. This is especially true if a domestic act of infringement has spillover effects into other countries. # § Kangaroo Courts⠀➾ # ⚓ JUVE ☛ UPC_dismisses_Ocado_appeal_against_public access_to_documents [Ed: UPC is illegal and unconstitutional. It's not even meant to exist, but UPC lobbied and issues fake news for this crime, funded by the "law" firms looking to profit from illegal kangaroo courts.]⠀⇛ Following Ocado and Christopher Stothers’ well-publicised debate surrounding access to UPC documents, the Court of Appeal has ruled that members of the public will be able to obtain first-instance judgments for the purpose of genuine interest or educational reasons. # ⚓ Kluwer Patent Blog ☛ Patent_case:_Meril_Italy_srl_vs. Edwards_Lifesciences_Corp.,_UPC [Ed: UPC is illegal, so this case is handled by a fake court that is in its own right invalid]⠀⇛ In a revocation action the patent monopoly may be amended by the patent monopoly proprietor. According to Rule 30 RoP this should be done with an application; for subsequent amendments the explicit approval of the court should be sought. o § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ "MEET_THE_BLOGGERS"_Postponed_Until_2025⠀⇛ Marty Schwimmer and yours truly, the TTABlogger, have decided to postpone our next MEET THE BLOGGERS get-together until next year. For some reason, I think it will be in Philadelphia. Does that ring a bell? In any event, we hope to see y'all in Atlanta next month. o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Taylor_Swift_Is_Back_on_Fentanylware_ (TikTok)_Despite_the_Universal_Music_Group_Dispute_—_Here’s What_We_Know_So_Far⠀⇛ Taylor Swift — a Republic Records/UMG-inked artist — is suddenly back on Fentanylware (TikTok) despite Universal Music Group’s high-profile removal of its catalog from the platform. So what’s going on? The Digital Music News bat-phone was ringing off the hook this morning with some unexpected news. # ⚓ Public Domain Review ☛ Signs_and_Wonders:_Celestial Phenomena_in_16th-Century_Germany⠀⇛ From the mid-sixteenth century, broadsheets depicting wondrous, celestial events circulated widely across the Holy Roman Empire against the backdrop of Reformation. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4187 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Links 13/04/2024: Whistleblowers, OpenAI and Microsoft Leakers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Apr 13, 2024 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Parrot_Cockatoo_Bird_Vintage⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Programming/Development # Python * Leftovers o Science o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) o Monopolies/Monopsonies # Patents # Software_Patents # Copyrights * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Rlang ☛ Taking_the_data_out_of_the_glue_with_regex_in_R⠀⇛ Regular expressions, or regex, are incredibly powerful tools for pattern matching and extracting specific information from text data. Today, we’ll explore how to harness the might of regex in R with a practical example. Let’s dive into a scenario where we have data that needs cleaning and extracting numerical values from strings. Our data, stored in a dataframe named df, consists of four columns (x1, x2, x3, x4) with strings containing numerical values along with percentage values enclosed in parentheses. Our goal is to extract these numerical values and compute a total for each row. # ⚓ David Rosenthal ☛ Decentralized_Systems_Aren't⠀⇛ Below the fold is the text of a talk I gave to Berkeley's Information Systems Seminar exploring the history of attempts to build decentralized systems and why so many of them end up centralized. As usual, you don't need to take notes. The text of my talk with links to the sources will go up at blog.dshr.org after this seminar. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ University of Toronto ☛ Please_don't_try_to_hot- reload_changed_Python_files_too_often⠀⇛ There is a person running a Python program on one of our servers, which is something that people do regularly. As far as I can tell, this person's Python program is using some Python framework that supports on the fly reloading (often called hot-reloading) of changed Python code for at least some of the loaded code, and perhaps much or all of it. Naturally, in order to see if you need to hot-reload any code, you need to check whether a bunch of files have changed (at least in our environment, some environments may be able to do this slightly better). This person's Python code is otherwise almost always idle. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ El País ☛ Three_sailors_rescued_in_the_Pacific_after_calling_for help_with_palm_leaves⠀⇛ The breakthrough came when the U.S. Navy’s P-8 Poseidon aircraft identified the three sailors on April 7 at Pikelot Atoll, confirming their presence and status. “In a remarkable testament to their will to be found, the mariners spelled out ‘HELP’ on the beach using palm leaves, a crucial factor in their discovery. This act of ingenuity was pivotal in guiding rescue efforts directly to their location,” said Lt. Chelsea Garcia, the search and rescue mission coordinator on the day they were located. o ⚓ US Navy Times ☛ Navy,_Coast_Guard_rescue_men_who_spelled_out ‘HELP’_with_palm_fronds⠀⇛ The crew of a U.S. Navy P-8 Poseidon plane from Kadena Air Force Base in Japan spotted the three on Pikelot and dropped survival packages. The next day, a Coast Guard HC-130J Hercules plane from Air Station Barbers Point in Hawaii dropped a radio the men used to report they were thirsty but all right, Arnold said. o ⚓ Manuel Moreale ☛ P&B:_Tracy_Durnell⠀⇛ This is the 33rd edition of People and Blogs, the series where I ask interesting people to talk about themselves and their blogs. Today we have Tracy Durnell and her blog, tracydurnell.com o ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Before_Facebook,_There_Was_BlackPlanet⠀⇛ BlackPlanet went live in 1999, nearly three years before Friendster, four years before MySpace, five years before Facebook, and seven years before Twitter. In those early years, the internet was still seen by many as a giant library—a place where you went to find things out. Sure, the web had chat rooms, bulletin boards, and listservs. But BlackPlanet expanded what it meant to commune—and express oneself—online. o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ NASA_Is_Set_to_Launch_Its_Next-Gen_Solar Sail_Into_Deep_Space⠀⇛ Solar sails can harness that wind and provide propulsion for spacecraft. NASA is about to test a new solar sail design that can make solar sails even more effective. Solar pressure pervades the entire Solar System. It weakens with distance, but it's present. It affects all spacecraft, including satellites. It affects longer-duration space flights dramatically. A spacecraft on a mission to Mars can be forced off course by thousands of kilometres during its voyage by solar pressure. The pressure also affects a spacecraft's orientation, and they're designed to deal with it. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Luke Harris ☛ Safer_Table_Saws⠀⇛ Yes! This is important. All table saws need a built-in safety system requiring more effort to disable and with less drawbacks than removable saw guards. I have been around many people who have been injured by table saws and have come close myself on several occasions. And I’ve encountered many table saws whose terrible guards and kickback jigs are either long lost or buried in the back of a PPE cabinet. No matter how confident one gets with a table saw, things can and will get unpredictable faster than one can react. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ China_is_planning_to_‘rip_and_replace’_Intel and_AMD_chips⠀⇛ Under the order from China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, telecom providers will have to check their networks for any foreign-made chips and then create a timeline for their removal. This change will mainly affect Intel and AMD, sources tell the WSJ, as the two California-based companies provide the “bulk” of the processors included in China’s networking equipment. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Texas_Surgeon_Accused_of_Manipulating_Government Database_to_Deny_Liver_Transplants⠀⇛ A respected Houston transplant surgeon has been accused of altering database information for patients waiting on a new liver — and now, his former employer is admitting that parts of the allegations are true. As the New York Times reports, surgeon J. Steve Bynon of Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center in Houston allegedly changed government database records to preclude his own patients from getting liver transplants, and many of them died while on the waiting list. # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ No,_AI_won’t_solve_burnout!⠀⇛ The idea that AI will, in any way, “lift the burden” on such mental health issues is so preposterous, so unhinged, so utterly disconnected from reality, that I physically can’t bring myself to think about it without fits of laugher at the sheer, uncut hubris. (I swear this is true, when I was drafting this post yesterday, I was giggling so much the barista asked me what was so funny. I said “techbros” which I’m not sure he understood, but he shared a grin). # ⚓ Dave Rupert ☛ A_weighted_vest⠀⇛ Putting my optimist hat back on, it might work this time. Maybe this is the one weird trick my body needs to activate dormant caveman genetics that will unleash my inner Adonis. Walking in hard mode seems sustainable for the time-being and I can already feel my ass morphing into a perfect badonkadonk. # ⚓ The Guardian UK ☛ US_braces_for_cicadas_by_the_trillion_as two_broods_of_periodic_insects_coincide⠀⇛ The simultaneous appearance of the two cicada broods – known as Brood XIX and Brood XIII – is a rare event, not having occurred since 1803, a year when Thomas Jefferson was US president. “It’s really exciting. I’ve been looking forward to this for many years,” said Catherine Dana, an entomologist who specializes in cicadas at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. “For the public, it’s going to be a really special experience.” # ⚓ Great Lakes Echo ☛ This_year’s_cicadas_could_contain contaminants—best_to_keep_them_off_the_dinner_plate⠀⇛ And a study from the University of Cincinnati Ohio found mercury levels in some cicadas approaching government consumption warnings for fish. Mercury concentration ranged from 0.01-4.46 parts per million, depending on where the bug was found. The Food and Drug Administration has set a maximum permissible level of mercury concentration in food as 1 part per million. # ⚓ Arena Media Brands LLC ☛ Weird_Recipe_for_Cooked_Cicadas Isn't_for_the_Faint_of_Heart⠀⇛ They also have a life cycle that spans several years and spend most of their lives underground feeding on the sap from tree roots. Some only emerge every 13 or 17 years, coming up from the ground as adults in massive numbers. That's a good thing to know if you want to follow this recipe because you need 60 cicadas for every four people you serve, and the bugs must have freshly emerged and shed their exoskeletons. They will be soft and squishy, which makes them perfect for marinating and frying. # ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ The_cicadas_are_coming:_An_entomologist's take_on_a_once-in-200-years_event⠀⇛ We, in the United States, tend not to eat insects. But other parts of the world actually love the fact that this insect protein is widely available and is good for you. I know several restaurants have tried putting cicadas on their menu, but people aren't always down for it. They taste kind of earthy. If you sauté them, especially with chili oil and soy sauce, they make a pretty good complement to food like rice and noodles. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Dumbphone_Boom_Is_Real⠀⇛ The growing dumbphone fervor may be motivated, in part, by the discourse around child safety online. Parents are increasingly confronted with evidence that sites like Instagram and TikTok intentionally try to hook their children. Using those sites can increase teens’ anxiety and lower their self- esteem, according to some studies, and smartphones make it so that kids are logged on constantly. Why should this situation be any healthier for adults? After almost two decades with iPhones, the public seems to be experiencing a collective ennui with digital life. So many hours of each day are lived through our portable, glowing screens, but the Internet isn’t even fun anymore. We lack the self- control to wean ourselves off, so we crave devices that actively prevent us from getting sucked into them. That means opting out of the prevailing technology and into what Cal Newport, a contributing writer for The New Yorker, has called a more considered “digital minimalism.” # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Opinion_|_The_Troubling_Trend_in_Teenage Sex⠀⇛ Sexual strangulation, nearly always of women in heterosexual pornography, has long been a staple on free sites, those default sources of sex ed for teens. As with anything else, repeat exposure can render the once appalling appealing. It’s not uncommon for behaviors to be normalized in porn, move within a few years to mainstream media, then, in what may become a feedback loop, be adopted in the bedroom or the dorm room. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ Adobe_is_buying_videos_for R50/minute_to_build_AI_model⠀⇛ The software company is offering its network of photographers and artists US$120 (R2 250) to submit videos of people engaged in everyday actions such as walking or expressing emotions including joy and anger, according to documents. The goal is to source assets for AI training, the company wrote. # ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ Kiss_follows_Abba_into_the musical_AI_afterlife⠀⇛ The bigger question here is what this means for a wider music industry looking for life after streaming. Spotify Technology has been around for some 15 years; initially a digital underdog saving record labels from piracy, it’s now a billionaire- led incumbent that’s expanding into audiobooks and podcasts as music growth starts to slow and competition from social media rises. The price paid for the Kiss rights shows a lot of hope being pinned on the market for everything that isn’t the actual listening bit – merchandise, branding, hologram shows – which is currently worth an estimated $3.5-billion, according to consultancy MIDiA Research. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Palo_Alto_Networks_to_fix_exploited GlobalProtect_zero-day⠀⇛ The command-injection flaw, with an unwelcome top CVSS severity score of 10 out of 10, may let an unauthenticated attacker execute remote code with root privileges on an affected gateway, which to put it mildly is not ideal. It can, essentially, be exploited to take complete control of equipment and drill into victims' networks. Updates to fully fix this severe hole are due to arrive by Sunday, April 14, we're told. # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Deepfake_victims_must_punish_Big_Tech_because Congress_won’t⠀⇛ That 2016 case is ever-relevant today as social media companies enjoy blanket protection over the growing problem of AI “deepfakes” — images of real people transformed into lifelike pictures and videos depicting them saying and doing things that never happened. There was a time, not long ago, when an altered picture — “photoshopped” was the common term — could be spotted a mile away. AI’s evolution has made detecting a real image from a doctored one nearly impossible. o § Security⠀➾ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ EFF ☛ S.T.O.P._is_Working_to_‘Ban_The_Scan’_in_New York⠀⇛ Facial recognition is a threat to privacy, racial justice, free expression, and information security. EFF supports strict restrictions on face recognition use by private companies, and total bans on government use of the technology. Face recognition in all of its forms, including face scanning and real-time tracking, pose threats to civil liberties and individual privacy. “False positive” error rates are significantly higher for women, children, and people of color, meaning face recognition has an unfair discriminatory impact. Coupled with the fact that cameras are over-deployed in neighborhoods with immigrants and people of color, spying technologies like face surveillance serve to amplify existing disparities in the criminal justice system. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ GSA_to_pilot_facial recognition_option_for_Login.gov_in_May⠀⇛ GSA’s rollout of facial recognition technology on Login.gov comes a year after its inspector general’s office found it misled agency customers and the Technology Modernization Fund board about meeting NIST’s IAL2 standard for remote identity proofing. The IG report found that, rather than conducting physical or biometric comparisons, such as through facial recognition or fingerprints, as required by NIST, Login.gov was instead using a third party to compare identification cards to information contained in LexisNexis. # ⚓ The Record ☛ FISA_Section_702_reauthorization_passes in_House_on_second_try_this_week⠀⇛ Section 702 allows the U.S. government to spy on foreigners without getting court approval but also inadvertently collects the communications of U.S. citizens. However, the program can continue operating until April 2025 because the FISA court recently granted a government request authorizing it for another year. House passage came after members churned through a handful of amendments, most notably a bipartisan one that would have required U.S. law enforcement to obtain a court warrant before searching for information about Americans retrieved by powerful electronic spying tools — a proposal that has been vigorously opposed by the Biden administration. The amendment was defeated in a 212-212 tie vote. # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ House_passes_extension_of_expiring surveillance_authorities⠀⇛ To make matters wilder still, a rare tie vote defeated an amendment that civil liberties and privacy groups had fought hard to include. That amendment would have required a warrant to query data collected under the law on American citizens and organizations, as well as people on U.S. soil. Legislation renewing the authorities under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act now moves to the Senate after decisive passage in the House by a vote of 273-147. # ⚓ 404 Media ☛ Instagram_Will_Automatically_Blur_Nudes in_Direct_Messages⠀⇛ The “nudity protection” feature will detect nudes in direct messages and automatically blur them, both when you’re getting a nude sent to you and when you’re attempting to send one to someone else. Users will also see a popup message that says, “Take care when sharing sensitive photos. The photo is blurred because nudity protection is turned on. Others can screenshot or forward your photos without you knowing. You can unsend a photo if you change your mind, but there's a chance others have already seen it.” # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ House_rejects_adding_a_warrant requirement_to_US_spy_program⠀⇛ A separate provision, ending warrantless surveillance of Americans, was also offered on the floor Friday but despite gaining support from strange bedfellows from the far- right and far-left, the measure ultimately failed to get a majority of the votes required to pass the House. The bill now goes to the Senate where its future is uncertain. The program is set to expire on April 19 unless Congress acts. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Hospital_websites_share_visitors' data_with_Google,_Meta⠀⇛ Academics at the University of Pennsylvania analyzed a nationally representative sample of 100 non-federal acute care hospitals – essentially traditional hospitals with emergency departments – and their findings were that 96 percent of their websites transmitted user data to third parties. Additionally, not all of these websites even had a privacy policy. And of the 71 percent that did, 56 percent disclosed specific third-party companies that could receive user information. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ France24 ☛ Belgium_opens_probe_into_Russian_‘interference’ in_European_Parliament⠀⇛ He said a summit of EU leaders next week would discuss the allegations which have been raised just ahead of bloc-wide elections in June to choose a new parliament. De Croo said Moscow’s “clear” objectives were to “help elect more pro-Russian candidates to the European Parliament and reinforce the pro-Russian narrative in that institution”. # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ DIY_landmine-clearing_is_putting Ukrainian_farmers_in_danger⠀⇛ Russia’s invasion has turned Ukraine into the world’s most heavily mined country. In Kherson and Kharkhiv Russian soldiers left minefields when they retreated. As well as laying mines to defend their positions, they used them to disrupt Ukrainian farming. One Russian rocket system—known as zemledeliye or “agriculture”—hurls mines up to 15km away from the launcher. Farming is a pillar of Ukraine’s economy: agricultural exports were worth $27.7bn in 2021, more than 40% of total exports. But 7.5% of Ukraine’s farmland is not in use, according to NASA, following Russia’s full-scale invasion in February 2022. There has been a human cost, too: 170 farmers have been killed, accounting for almost 20% of civilian deaths by landmines or unexploded ordnance, says Colonel Yevhenii Zubarevskyi, head of statistics at the defence ministry’s Mine Action Directorate. With spring sowing underway, what is being done? # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ Nigeria's_Chibok_girls:_What_happened_10 years_ago⠀⇛ One of those who managed to escape told Human Rights Watch that an insurgent asked the schoolgirls in the truck, "What kind of knowledge are you looking for here [at the school]? Since you are here to look for Western education, we are here to confront it and teach you the ways of Islam." The name of the militant group, Boko Haram, is usually translated as "Western education is forbidden." # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Belgium_investigates_alleged_Russian interference_in_EU_elections⠀⇛ Belgium authorities are investigating suspected Russian interference in upcoming European parliamentary elections, Prime Minister Alexander De Croo said Friday, after claims that lawmakers were paid to promote Kremlin propaganda. De Croo added that Belgium's intelligence service has confirmed the existence of pro-Russian networks acting in several European countries, including Belgium, to undermine support for Ukraine. # ⚓ Los Angeles Times ☛ Copper_thieves_strike_again,_mutilating a_100-year-old_monument_in_MacArthur_Park⠀⇛ The theft — and its most coveted metal, bronze — belongs to a series of graceless robberies across the Southland and the country that have rendered streets dark, cemeteries without markers and public art destroyed. “I’ve been with the Department of Cultural Affairs for 27 years, and I’ve never seen this level of attack on public art and sculpture,” said Felicia Filer, director of department’s public art division. Filer described an increase in the theft of bronze sculptures and plaques starting about five months ago. And Los Angeles is not alone in these insults to history and dignity. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Estonia:_Russia_used_nationals_abroad_to_sow discontent_over_Finland's_border_closures⠀⇛ The agency's report, published on Friday, also noted that Russia was directing citizens of third countries to apply for asylum in Finland, Estonia and several other nations in a so-called hybrid influencing strategy. "Without concealing its involvement or fearing reputational damage, Russia openly sent migrants to the Estonian and Finnish borders. Russian border guards often instructed, directed and escorted groups of migrants. These migration attacks are designed to strain the receiving country’s border guard service and other state institutions, as well as to stir anxiety in society, incite extreme movements to react to news reports, and ultimately divide society," the report read. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Project Censored ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_Russian Government_Intensifies_Online_Censorship_Ahead_of Presidential_Election⠀⇛ # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older] Trump_Says_He_Can_End_Russia-Ukraine_War_In_24_Hours_By Giving_Russia_More_Ukrainian_Land⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_Russian Missile_Attack_Kills_Four_in_Odesa_District,_Governor Says⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older] Russians_Flee_'Very_Unusual'_Floods_in_Boats_Clutching Valuables,_Food,_Pets⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_Ukraine Will_Be_Outgunned_by_Russia_10_to_1_in_Weeks_Without_US Help,_Top_Europe_General_Says⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-08_[Older]_An Espionage_Scandal_Rocks_Austria,_Laying_Bare_Alleged Russian_Spying_Operations_Across_Europe⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-08_[Older] Germany's_AfD_Says_Lawmaker_Accused_of_Taking_Russian Cash_Denies_Wrongdoing⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-08_[Older]_Record Floods_in_Russia's_Urals_Triggered_by_Melting_Snow⠀⇛ # v # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2024-04-09_[Older]_Acrobats_who_defected_from Russia_in_1992_return_to_thank_Newfoundland_'mom'⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-04-09_[Older]_China_and_Russia agree_to_boost_ties_in_opposition_to_West⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-04-09_[Older]_IOC_gets_its_way as_top_Western_nations_all_agree_to_Russian_athletes_at Paris_2024⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2024-04-09_[Older]_China's Xi_Meets_With_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_in_Show of_Support_Against_Western_Democracies⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_Kara-Murza's_wife says_dream_of_a_democratic_Russia_lives_on⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_Russian_oligarchs win_appeal_to_partially_annul_EU_sanctions⠀⇛ # ⚓ CPJ ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_Russia_issues_arrest_warrant for_exiled_journalist_Mikhail_Zygar⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2024-04-10_[Older]_As_Russia's_war drags_on,_Zelenskyy's_term_is_up_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ The Hill ☛ Boeing_whistleblower,_aviation_experts_called_to testify_before_Senate⠀⇛ The hearing, scheduled for Wednesday, will feature NASA expert on safety culture Dr. Tracy Dillinger, University of Southern California professor and expert on aviation safety Dr. Najmedin Meshkati and Dr. Javier de Luis, an aeronautics expert at MIT, the committee announced. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ OpenAI_Fires_Researchers_for_Leaking Information⠀⇛ Both men had worked on OpenAI's safety team, per the report, though most recently, Aschenbrenner had been working on its so-called "superalignment" efforts while Izmailov was tasked with researching AI reasoning. We've reached out to OpenAI and Microsoft, its major investor, for further context. While it's hazy what information the men leaked, it's been clear for months now both that OpenAI has become something of a leaky ship and that it was looking to do something about it. # ⚓ [Old] MS Poweruser ☛ OpenAI_now_hires_investigators_to crack_down_on_leakers_from_inside_and_other_threats⠀⇛ AI giant OpenAI faces a unique challenge: its rapid internal progress often gets spilled by insiders, fueling anxieties within the company. To combat leaks and secure its innovations, OpenAI is resorting to hiring investigators to “mitigate potential insider threats.” # ⚓ NPR ☛ Another_Boeing_whistleblower_says_he_faced retaliation_for_reporting_'shortcuts'⠀⇛ In a virtual meeting with reporters, Salehpour said Boeing was so eager to meet its production goals that it took "shortcuts" when it fastened together the carbon-composite fuselage of the 787. That could dramatically shorten the life of the plane, he warned, potentially causing it to break apart in mid-flight. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ DeSmog ☛ Prospective_GB_News_Board_Member_is_Fossil_Fuel Investor⠀⇛ According to his parliamentary register of interests, Lord Theodore Agnew has shares of at least £100,000 in Equinor, the Norwegian state- owned energy producer. Equinor has a majority stake in the Rosebank North Sea oil field, which has been dubbed a “carbon bomb” by environmental law charity ClientEarth. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Ex-Amazon_techie_stole_$12_million in_crypto_through_hacking._What_happened_next⠀⇛ US District Judge Victor Marrero pronounced the sentence to 34-year-old Shakeeb Ahmed, an immigrant from Saudi Arabia, who pleaded guilty in December, Bloomberg reported. He pleaded guilty to taking advantage of the flaws in the decentralised finance (DeFi) platforms' ‘smart contracts’ to insert fake pricing data and generate $12 million inflated and unearned profits that he withdrew in cryptocurrency, the report added. # ⚓ Politico LLC ☛ Unsolved_mystery:_How_much_power_is crypto_using?_-_E&E_News_by_POLITICO⠀⇛ “There’s just not a lot of transparency,” said Ben Hertz-Shargel, the global head of grid edge at consulting firm Wood Mackenzie who focuses on topics such as demand flexibility and a decentralized power system. “You can look at the companies that are publicly traded, and they’ll discuss plans with estimates of megawatts [consumed]. But actual demand may be very different, so you only have partial clues.” Conditions on the U.S. grid may become increasingly tight. A December 2023 report from the consulting group Grid Strategies found that the forecast for electricity demand over the next five years nearly doubled over the past year, thanks to commitments for new industrial sites, data centers, extreme weather, and the electrification of homes and cars. # ⚓ Vancouver Sun ☛ B.C._seeks_to_regulate_electricity for_cryptocurrency_miners⠀⇛ The statement says 21 projects, requesting a total of 11,700 gigawatt hours of power per year, were temporarily suspended from receiving power. It says that amount of electricity is more than double what the new Site C dam will be able to generate. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ The Revelator ☛ The_Race_to_Save_the_Dragon’s_Blood Tree⠀⇛ o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ To_understand_the_risks_posed by_AI,_follow_the_money⠀⇛ The surest way to ignore such misalignment is by focusing exclusively on technical questions about AI model capabilities, divorced from the socioeconomic environment in which these models will operate and be designed for profit. Focusing on the economic risks from AI is not simply about preventing “monopoly”, “self- preferencing”, or “Big Tech dominance”. It’s about ensuring that the economic environment facilitating innovation is not incentivising hard-to-predict technological risks as companies “move fast and break things” in a race for profit or market dominance. # ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ AI_is_the_biggest_thing_since the_cloud:_Amazon_CEO⠀⇛ The company began cutting hundreds of jobs in its Amazon Web Services division in April. In his letter, Jassy said AWS will be at the core of AI applications and models and “help democratise this next seminal phase of AI”. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ From_Gore_to_Trump:_How_America_lost_trust_in elections⠀⇛ It all came down to Florida. Palm Beach’s “butterfly” ballot, in which the name of the candidate was misaligned with the space voters pressed to mark their choices, confused many people. Other locales used punch-out ballots, which were difficult for some voters to punch out cleanly, leading to the “hanging chads” of paper that weary election officials were tasked with evaluating. A five-week legal battle followed. Democratic lawyers pushed for recounts, while Republicans sued to block them. Finally, after legal twists and turns in the state courts, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 to stop the process. The ruling effectively delivered the state, and the presidency, to Governor Bush by a margin of some 500 votes. Bush v. Gore remains one of the most politically consequential Supreme Court decisions in American history. # ⚓ [Old] North Carolina ☛ State_Board_Unanimously_Certifies New_Voting_System⠀⇛ The EVS 6.3.0.0 system now is one of several state- certified voting systems, which counties can choose from in determining the best system of casting and counting ballots for their voters. The new system includes an upgrade to the Microsoft Windows 10 operating system, increased memory capacity, the new DS300 polling place scanner/ tabulator, the new DS950 high-speed scanner/ tabulator, and new reporting and ballot design modules, among other features. # ⚓ [Old] Burlington County, New Jersey ☛ Burlington_County Unveils_New_Voting_Machines_i⠀⇛ Voting is done with the machine’s touch screen and there are multiple opportunities to review and change selections on screen before printing a paper ballot. After printing the ballot, voters can again check to verify their selections before casting their ballot by inserting it into a machine tabulator that scans and tabulates their selections. # ⚓ [Old] Capitol Broadcasting Company Inc ☛ New_voting machines_in_NC_touted_as_safe_and_secure⠀⇛ The new machines have more memory than older ones, and they run on newer operating software. However, the new machines will be just as secure, if not more secure, than the machines that they replace. # ⚓ [Old] Government Media Executive Group LLC ☛ New_York_BOE expected_to_vote_on_the_use_of_highly_controversial electronic_voting_machines⠀⇛ Experts have also questioned whether thermal paper is sufficient for keeping voting records for the necessary two years under state law. The state Board of Elections maintains that the records have proven durability in other jurisdictions. In another letter shared exclusively with City & State, the election security advocacy group SMART Elections laid out a series of technical arguments about why the ExpressVoteXL machines don’t measure up. In one theoretical scenario, the barcodes for two candidates get flipped by mistake – but the record readable by the voter shows the candidate they meant to vote for. They would be unaware of a mistake with the barcode and would rely on the readable receipt for confirmation. And if it shows the correct candidate, the voter would have no way of knowing that the barcode will record a different candidate, and no way of remedying the mistake. Continuing the scenario, a mandatory post-election audit for all races in New York would in many cases get run through a different machine, which SMART Elections confirmed would count the barcodes, not the paper records. “ES&S says at their demonstrations that encoding the vote in a barcode is basically identical to the way New York counts its votes now,” the letter reads. “But this is not true.” # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ TMZ ☛ O.J._Simpson_Did_NOT_Make_Deathbed_Confession About_Murders⠀⇛ Of course, almost as soon as news broke of his death, people wondered if he'd spoken at all about the slayings of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. It does play like the perfect movie scene, which clearly helped fuel the rumor -- but a source with direct knowledge tells us it's just that ... a rumor. # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ France_fights_disinformation_as Olympics,_elections_loom⠀⇛ Another example is the Portal Kombat network: 193 websites established through a company based on the Russian-occupied Crimean Peninsula that have spread pro-Russia propaganda in France, Germany and Poland. # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ Belgium_probes_Russian 'interference'_in_EU_elections⠀⇛ De Croo said investigators found that Russian groups are meddling in the elections to promote pro-Russia candidates, in an attempt to weaken European support for Ukraine. "Belgian intelligence services have confirmed the existence of pro-Russian interference networks with activities in several European countries and also here in Belgium," De Croo told reporters. # ⚓ Noam Chomsky ☛ Noam_Chomsky:_Propaganda_Wars_Are Raging_as_Russia’s_War_on_Ukraine_Expands⠀⇛ In the interview that follows, leading scholar and dissident Noam Chomsky, who, along with Edward Herman, constructed the concept of the “propaganda model,” looks at the question of who is winning the propaganda war in Ukraine. Additionally, he discusses how social media shape political reality today, analyzes whether the “propaganda model” still works, and dissects the role of the use of “whataboutism.” Lastly, he shares his thoughts on the case of Julian Assange and what his now almost certain extradition to the United States for having committed the “crime” of releasing public information about the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq says about U.S. democratic principles. # ⚓ Estonia ☛ Estonian_Security_Service:_Annual_Review 2023-2024 [PDF]⠀⇛ As the reach of Russian state television channels in Europe is restricted and Russian- controlled information channels have lost credibility, Russian special services have redirected a significant portion of their influence operations towards social media platforms. This involves activating channels with established followings and user bases. For example, during the migration attack targeting Finland, social media groups of Russian-speaking individuals living in Finland witnessed invitations to engage in video production. These calls offered people the chance to voice their concerns regarding the closure of the Finland-Russia border. A week later, a video clip was produced and released on YouTube, using a channel owned by a Russian travel blogger with several million followers. To make it less conspicuous among their previous content, it was presented as a novel form of current affairs coverage. Attempts to repurpose previously established communication groups and channels into vehicles for propagating misinformation also extend to other popular social media platforms. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Masked_gunmen_shoot_Myanmar_Christian_leader_during church_service⠀⇛ Paul Hkwi Shane Aung was hit in his jaw, hand and thigh, according to one man in the congregation, adding that he survived the attack, but is seriously injured. # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Salman_Rushdie_recalls_gruesome_stabbing in_new_memoir,_‘The_last_thing..’⠀⇛ In his first interview after the attack, Rushdie spoke to Anderson Cooper on CBS’s 60 Minutes, sharing, "One of the surgeons who had saved my life said to me, ‘First you were really unlucky, and then you were really lucky’. I said, ‘What’s the lucky part?’ and he said, ‘Well, the lucky part is that the man who attacked you had no idea how to kill a man with a knife’." The attack occurred 33 years after Ayatollah Khomeini issued a fatwa calling for Rushdie's death due to the publication of his book, The Satanic Verses. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ What_UK_really_thinks_about_use_of_AI_in journalism⠀⇛ People in the UK are generally pessimistic about the potential impact of AI on journalism – but are more open to it when given examples of specific tasks it could be used for. A Yougov survey of 2,046 adults carried out in January and shared with Press Gazette found that 48% of people fear AI will have a negative effect on journalism. # ⚓ CPJ ☛ One_year_into_Sudan’s_civil_war,_its_media_faces grave_threats⠀⇛ Yet one year into the war that has killed 14,000 people and displaced millions, journalists continue their struggle to cover its devastating impact. Here are the top challenges to journalism in Sudan: [...] # ⚓ CPJ ☛ Argentine_journalist_gets_death_threats_after reporting_on_illegal_medication_sales⠀⇛ “Argentine authorities must immediately investigate the death threats against Argentine journalist Julio Ernesto López,” said CPJ’s Latin America program coordinator, Cristina Zahar. “Journalists should not be persecuted for providing a service of public interest to society, as was the case with his report.” # ⚓ VOA News ☛ Mali_junta_bans_media_from_covering_politics⠀⇛ The crackdown in Mali takes place at a time of broader instability in the West African country. Mali has experienced two military coups since 2020 and is struggling to respond to threats posed by militant groups tied to al-Qaida and the Islamic State. Conditions for media reporting there are already dangerous, with a risk of being targeted by militant groups for those on assignment outside the capital, Bamako. # ⚓ Truthdig ☛ Hope_Grows_for_Assange_as_Biden_Considers Dropping_Charges_-_Truthdig⠀⇛ The U.K. High Court ruled last month that Assange could not be immediately extradited to the U.S., where he faces up to 175 years behind bars if convicted on all counts. The tribunal gave the Biden administration until April 16 to guarantee that Assange won’t face the death penalty. Absent such assurance, Assange will be allowed to continue appealing his extradition. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Iran’s_Deadly_Message_to_Journalists Abroad⠀⇛ This was no petty street crime. The assailants left Zeraati’s iPhone, brand-new AirPods, pricey watch, and wallet full of cash untouched. With the help of a driver, they fled the scene and then the country, to an undisclosed destination, according to British authorities. The London police are investigating the attack as a potential case of terrorism. Its methods suggest that the assailants’ intention was not to kill Zeraati but to hurt him in a way that would warn all of us Iranian journalists working in the West: You could be next. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Five_Years_At_Belmarsh:_A_Chronicle_Of_Julian Assange’s_Imprisonment⠀⇛ Assange is one of the only journalists to be jailed by a Western country, making the treatment that he has endured extraordinary. He has spent more time in prison than most individuals charged with similar acts. Since December 2010, Assange has lived under some form of arbitrary detention. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Historic_Tibetan_Buddhist_monastery_is_being_moved_to make_way_for_dam⠀⇛ But in April 2023 the government’s Department of National Heritage declared that the artifacts and murals inside the monastery were of “no significant value or importance” and that its relocation would proceed, he said. # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ NYC_Resto_Employs_Filipinos Via_Zoom_to_Take_Your_Orders_And_Ask_For_18%_Tip⠀⇛ A New York City restaurant chain has found a unique way to save on labour costs - replacing in-person staff with virtual greeters and cashiers. These Filipino hostesses on Zoom calls assist customers through screens. Despite the lack of in-person staff, they still expect customers to tip. # ⚓ EFF ☛ What_Does_EFF_Mean_to_You?⠀⇛ What does EFF mean to you? We’d love to know why you support us, how you see our mission, or what issue or area we address that affects your life the most. It’ll help us make sure we keep on being the EFF you want us to be. So if you’re willing to go on the record, please send us a few sentences, along with your first name and current city of residence, to testimonials@eff.org; we’ll pick some every now and then to share with the world here on our blog, in our emails, and on our social media. # ⚓ EFF ☛ EFF_Submits_Comments_on_FRT_to_Commission_on_Civil Rights⠀⇛ In our submission, we reiterated our stance that there should be a ban on governmental use of FRT and strict regulations on private use because it: (1) is not reliable enough to be used in determinations affecting constitutional and statutory rights or social benefits; (2) is a menace to social justice as its errors are far more pronounced when applied to people of color, members of the LGBTQ+ community, and other marginalized groups; (3) threatens privacy rights; (4) chills and deters expression; and (5) creates information security risks. Despite these grave concerns, FRT is being used by the government and law enforcement agencies with increasing frequency, and sometimes with devastating effects. At least one Black woman and five Black men have been wrongfully arrested due to misidentification by FRT: Porcha Woodruff, Michael Oliver, Nijeer Parks, Randal Reid, Alonzo Sawyer, and Robert Williams. And Harvey Murphy Jr., a white man, was wrongfully arrested due to FRT misidentification, and then sexually assaulted while in jail. Even if FRT was accurate, or at least equally inaccurate across demographics, it would still severely impact our privacy and security. We cannot change our face, and we expose it to the mass surveillance networks already in place every day we go out in public. But doing that should not be license for the government or private entities to make imprints of our face and retain that data, especially when that data may be breached by hostile actors. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Tech Central (South Africa) ☛ Apple_M4_chips_will_overhaul entire_Mac_line_with_AI⠀⇛ The company, which released its first Macs with M3 chips five months ago, is already nearing production of the next generation — the M4 processor — according to people with knowledge of the matter. The new chip will come in at least three main varieties, and Apple is looking to update every Mac model with it, said the people, who asked not to be identified because the plans haven’t been announced. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Report:_Apple_is_planning_to_bring_new_AI- focused_M4_chips_to_entire_line_of_Macs⠀⇛ It’s reported that lower-end machines such as the Mac Mini will be fitted with an M4 chip codenamed Donan. For the midrange, the chip will go by the name of Brava, and for high-end devices such as the Mac Book Pro, the chip is the Hydra. It’s believed the Pro will be capable of supporting 500 gigabytes of RAM compared with the current 192 gigabytes. All three versions of the chip will have AI-processing capabilities above what the M3 is capable of. § Monopolies/Monopsonies⠀➾ o ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Apple's_fails_to_escape_UK_App_Store_fee antitrust_probe⠀⇛ Apple's attempt to get the UK Competition Appeal Tribunal (CAT) to toss a lawsuit over its 30 percent App Store tax has failed, meaning the iMaker could eventually be forced to fork over £785 million ($980 million) in compensation to developers. In an order published today, a trio of CAT judges denied Apple's proposal to strike the case or issue a summary judgment. The tribunal decided unanimously that the claims that Apple was locking out competitors are actionable. o ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ No,_“convenience”_isn’t_the_problem⠀⇛ The tactics that let a few startups into Big Tech are illegal under existing antitrust laws. It's illegal for large corporations to buy up smaller ones before they can grow to challenge their dominance. It's illegal for dominant companies to merge with each other. "Predatory pricing" (selling goods or services below cost to prevent competitors from entering the market, or to drive out existing competitors) is also illegal. It's illegal for a big business to use its power to bargain for preferential discounts from its suppliers. Large companies aren't allowed to collude to fix prices or payments. But under successive administrations, from Jimmy Carter through to Donald Trump, corporations routinely broke these laws. They explicitly and implicitly colluded to keep those laws from being enforced, driving smaller businesses into the ground. Now, sociopaths are just as capable of starting small companies as they are of running monopolies, but that one store that's run by a colossal asshole isn't the threat to your wellbeing that, say, Walmart or Amazon is. o ⚓ India Times ☛ apple_uk_lawsuit:_Apple_loses_bid_to_throw_out_UK lawsuit_over_App_Store_fees⠀⇛ Apple's bid to dismiss a lawsuit valued at nearly $1 billion was rejected on Friday, with a judge ruling it must face allegations it charged more than 1,500 UK-based developers unfair commission fees on purchases of apps and other content. Sean Ennis, a competition law professor and economist, is spearheading the case, which was filed at London's Competition Appeal Tribunal (CAT) last year and alleges Apple charged developers unfair commissions of up to 30%. o § Patents⠀➾ # § Software Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ AWS_told_to_pay_$525M_in_cloud storage_patent_suit⠀⇛ Kove, which styles itself as a pioneer in high-performance computer storage and data management technologies, filed its original complaint [PDF] in 2018. It claims that AWS is infringing on three Kove-held patents in cloud services, such as the Amazon S3 storage platform, as well as in its DynamoDB database service, and in other related products and services. o § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Taylor_Swift_Pulled_Music_From Spotify—TikTok_Payouts_Are_Worse⠀⇛ Taylor Swift withheld her music from Spotify in 2017 with the release of Reputation. The singer sent fans to traditional outlets for downloads, vinyl, and CD sales. Now ahead of the release of The Tortured Poets Department, Swift’s music has returned to TikTok despite the UMG row—where artist payouts are even less. # ⚓ Wired ☛ Tech_Leaders_Once_Cried_for_AI_Regulation._Now_the Message_Is_‘Slow_Down’⠀⇛ The real puzzle of this bill, which Schiff himself referred to in a committee meeting this week as a “first step,” is that no one knows whether using copyrighted work for AI training is legal. (Maybe it’s not such a puzzle when one notes that Schiff is running for a US Senate seat and that the bill is supported by all of Hollywood’s unions and trade groups.) Despite the current lack of reporting requirements, multiple suits have been filed against AI companies by creators who have identified their works in the data sets. (I should disclose here that I sit on the council of the Authors Guild, which is among a horde of plaintiffs suing OpenAI and Microsoft, and a supporter of Schiff’s bill. I speak for myself here.) The success of those lawsuits ultimately depends on whether the courts determine that the companies are violating the fair use provision of copyright laws. Whatever tack the courts take, it will be based on copyright law that didn’t anticipate an artificial intelligence that could suck up all the prose and images the world has to offer. Figuring out what fair use means in the age of AI is a job for Congress. That’s the kind of difficult decision that legislators need to make when dealing with an innovation that alters the landscape. And like privacy and other tech-driven modern problems, it is exactly the kind of decision that our 21st- century lawmakers manage to avoid. (Schiff staffers told me, “We are certainly waiting to see the fair use issue play out in the courts.”) # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Google_threatens_to_cut_off_news_after California_proposes_paying_media_outlets⠀⇛ Google says it will start removing links to California news websites in a “short term test for a small percentage of California users.” The move is in response to the pending California Journalism Preservation Act (CJPA), which would require Google to pay a fee for linking Californians to news articles. # ⚓ Google ☛ Why_the_California_Journalism_Preservation_Act_is putting_support_of_the_news_ecosystem_at_risk⠀⇛ As we’ve shared when other countries have considered similar proposals, the uncapped financial exposure created by CJPA would be unworkable. If enacted, CJPA in its current form would create a level of business uncertainty that no company could accept. To prepare for possible CJPA implications, we are beginning a short-term test for a small percentage of California users. The testing process involves removing links to California news websites, potentially covered by CJPA, to measure the impact of the legislation on our product experience. Until there’s clarity on California’s regulatory environment, we’re also pausing further investments in the California news ecosystem, including new partnerships through Google News Showcase, our product and licensing program for news organizations, and planned expansions of the Google News Initiative. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Google_Delisted_Thousands_of_‘Music_Piracy’ Domains_in_Response_to_UK_Blocking_Orders⠀⇛ During CinemaCon 2024, the MPA announced a major push to cement pirate site blocking in U.S. law. Similar measures are commonplace in dozens of other countries including the UK, where ISP blocking is no longer a topic of discussion. Google plays along voluntarily and following requests from music industry group BPI, has already delisted thousands of domains previously blocked by court order. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Block_Innovation_By_Supporting_the Generative_AI_Copyright_Disclosure_Act⠀⇛ Claiming to protect creators, or perhaps that should be 'identifiable copyright holders', the Generative AI Copyright Disclosure Act of 2024 has been introduced at the U.S. House of Representatives. At its core, the Bill requires those responsible for training or modifying a dataset, used to build a generative AI system, to notify the Copyright Office of any copyrighted works used in that process. In summary, AI must achieve the impossible, to benefit the few, or completely disconnect from the internet. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5849 ➮ Generation completed at 02:49, i.e. 7 seconds to (re)generate ⟲