Bonum Certa Men Certa

Cablegate: Apple Attacks French Copyright Law to Induce Various Restrictions (Including DRM), Marginalisation of Rights

Cablegate



Summary: Bad Apple is doing bad things in HADOPI land using blackmail (allegedly claiming it "it would pull its business out of France" unless its demands were met)

According to the following Cablegate cable, Apple uses a baclkmail tactics (threatening withdrawal) to affect -- for the worse of course -- copyright law in France. Quoting the relevant parts: "In press statements, Apple said that the French copyright law amounted to "state-sponsored piracy" and that it would pull its business out of France. This declaration had an unfortunate impact. It heartened claims by free-software advocates and politicians who said that the opening up of DRM would benefit makers of DRM systems by enabling them to prosecute competitors as facilitating piracy. U.S. Secretary of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez's press comments saying that while he needed to take a look at the legislation, he supported protecting intellectual property rights were widely interpreted to be supportive of Apple, and French pro-interoperability groups reacted disapprovingly. The Odebi League, a citizen's action group defending the rights of Internet users, told Apple to "mind its business and not meddle into the French legislative process" and pointed out that "if Apple wishes to do business in France, it has to respect the rights that the French enjoy." Some senators said they regretted that Apple did not appeal to them directly and interpreted it as a lack of interest."



Shame on Apple.

Here is the Cablegate in ite entirety:








UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 PARIS 003153

SIPDIS

SENSITIVE

DEPT FOR E, EB, EB/IPE, EUR/WE DEPT PLS PASS USTR FOR JSANFORD/VESPINEL/RMEYERS COMMERCE FOR SJACOBS, SWILSON DOJ FOR CHARROP, FMARSHALL, RHESSE COMMERCE PLEASE PASS USPTO

E.O. 12958: N/A TAGS: KIPR ETRD PGOV FR SUBJECT: FRANCE'S DIGITAL COPYRIGHT BILL: SENATE VOTES TO SOFTEN INTEROPERABILITY BUT LOW PENALTIES REMAIN UNCHANGED

REF. PARIS 01847

€¶1. This is an action request. See paragraph 13

€¶2. (SBU) SUMMARY. The French Senate approved in the early hours of May 11 the GOF draft law on digital copyright, in a format which leaves unchanged the National Assembly's decriminalized penalty regime, the principle (if not the requirement) of interoperability, and the so-called "Vivendi Universal Amendment" criminalizing peer-to-peer software publishing. The draft law adopted by the Senate largely takes the sting out of interoperability by laying out general guidelines -- which no longer require Digital Rights Management (DRM) vendors to divulge industrial secrets to their competitors -- and creating a new independent authority to decide on the scope of interoperability and the "right to the exception for private copy." The newly adopted text, known as the Law on Author's Rights and Related Rights in the Information Society, generally abbreviated as DADVSI in French is a step that would bring France in line with the 2001 EU Digital Copyright Directive.Over the next month, the text will likely go to a reconciliation conference at the end of the month, and be signed into law before the summer. END SUMMARY.

Senate Approval And Next Steps ------------------------------ €¶3. (SBU) The DADVSI draft law was adopted by the French upper house on May 11, with 164 votes in favor, 128 against, and 37 abstentions. All the votes in favor came from representatives of the right of center government UMP party. The text will now go before a joint committee of both houses of the French Parliament to be reconciled, and for final approval under the current Government "fast-track" emergency procedure, which requires only one reading by both houses. Upon completion of the legislative procedure, the draft bill will be submitted to President Jacques Chirac for signature some time before the summer. France, which had tabled implementing legislation in November 2003, is the last country, with Spain, to transpose the EU Copyright Directive.

Exceptions to Exclusive Copyrights: ---------------------------------- €¶4. (SBU) Exceptions to exclusive copyrights, for public libraries and archives, will now have to fulfil the "three-step test," i.e. that they be confined to special cases, not conflict with a normal exploitation of the work, and not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the right holder. Education and research have been added to the restrictive lists of exceptions in the Senate, following the threat of a campaign of civil disobedience "in any way they deemed useful and relevant" by over 2000 members of the French scientific community.

€¶5. (SBU) The more traditonal exception for private copy, an essential feature of French "droit d'auteur," which allows French residents to freely make copies of works (except software) for their private use (and that of their family and friends) has also been refreshed. The number of copies allowed as part of that exception will now be decided by a new high regulatory authority, in charge of outlining the contours of the private copy exception as well as the new interoperability principle. The new authority will also work hand-in-hand with the already existing Copyright Commission, which sets the rates and conditions for the "tax on private copy" meant to address the losses incurred by copyright holders. This tax is levied on blank media (audio and video cassettes, CD, DVD, as well as memory and hard drives in portable media players). While most of this tax goes to rightholders, a quarter of it, representing some 40 million euros a year (USD 50 million), is used to finance cultural events and festivals throughout France.

Penalties Remain Unchanged -------------------------- €¶6. (SBU) The system of "gradual sanctions", i.e. decriminalized fines, has been confirmed by the Senate as "fair and balanced" -- despite efforts by one Senator and former Minister of Trade and Industry, Gerard Longuet, to switch from what he described as "organized indifference" to stiffer sentences. Culture Minister Donnedieu de Vabres reiterated on this occasion that the purpose of the bill was not to go after offenders but to ensure the protection of works. As a result, non-commercial downloads are subject to the lowest fine in France's Penal Code (38 euros), the equivalent of a traffic ticket, instead of the original three years' imprisonment and 300,000 euro fine proposed earlier by the GOF. These heavy penalities in the first GOF draft bill created a major outburst in the National Assembly, eventually leading to the adoption of the radical "global licence." In the words of one Socialist and technologically savvy member of the National Assembly, it would be wrong "to describe the eight million people who have downloaded music from the Internet as delinquents." On May 11, the Culture Minister announced that an "index" of all protected works would be set up to enforce the three goals of the bill: respect of copyright, private copy and interoperability.

Softening Interoperability -------------------------- €¶7. (SBU) The Senate has proposed largely weakening the National Assembly's radical ideas on the DRM technology. Two amendments in the National Assembly's version had stated that providers of DRM systems should provide the necessary technical documentation to ANY party needing it to ensure that interoperability, including the source code. This was interpreted as a direct attack on Apple's iTunes platform and their iPod players.

€¶8. (SBU) In press statements, Apple said that the French copyright law amounted to "state-sponsored piracy" and that it would pull its business out of France. This declaration had an unfortunate impact. It heartened claims by free-software advocates and politicians who said that the opening up of DRM would benefit makers of DRM systems by enabling them to prosecute competitors as facilitating piracy. U.S. Secretary of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez's press comments saying that while he needed to take a look at the legislation, he supported protecting intellectual property rights were widely interpreted to be supportive of Apple, and French pro-interoperability groups reacted disapprovingly. The Odebi League, a citizen's action group defending the rights of Internet users, told Apple to "mind its business and not meddle into the French legislative process" and pointed out that "if Apple wishes to do business in France, it has to respect the rights that the French enjoy." Some senators said they regretted that Apple did not appeal to them directly and interpreted it as a lack of interest.

Creating A New Regulatory Authority ----------------------------------- €¶9. (SBU) The Senate bill proposes a new regulatory authority to examine the question of private copies and interoperability. This new seven-member High Authority, modelled along the lines of France's independent regulatory bodies in the electricity and gas sectors (CREG), and in the telecoms and electronic commerce sector (ARCEP), replaces the much-decried "college of mediators" initiated by the National Assembly. Its responsibilities, much like its guidelines, have been left as open as possible to allow for the fast pace of technological change. At the same time, prodded by embattled Culture Minister Donnedieu de Vabre and Villepin administration, the Senate Cultural Affairs Committee developed a text designed to meet as little opposition as possible from the National Assembly once in the joint committee for conciliation. These considerations explain the current text's willingness to pass the difficult decisions on to the new authority.

Previous Support For Interoperability and Copying --------------------------------------------- ---- €¶10. (SBU) Public discussion of DRM and its effect on the private copy exception have been particularly vivid in France. French consumer associations initiated and often won court cases where DRM restricted private copying -- a sacrosanct exception under French copyright law. Over the past three years, French consumer organizations have initiated a number of court cases dealing with complaints of consumers about CDs and DVDs that could not be copied and ripped because of technical protection measures in place. In dealing with the cases, French courts had developed the argument that the ability to play a CD or a DVD on different devices constituted an essential characteristic of a CD or DVD, and that producers of such devices could be held liable for misleading the consumer in case of incompatibilities. This first step towards establishing the right to interoperability was confirmed earlier this year, when a Paris Court of Appeals concluded that DRMs must respect the private copy exception.

NEXT STEPS ----------

€¶11. (SBU) Next steps include the drafting of implementing regulations, which would also give the GOF (and stakeholders) an opportunity to tweak the legislation, particularly regarding penalties and sentencing. This is expected to take place over the summer. The GOF will draft and implement these by decree. Other possibilities for modification, according to lawyers, include a constitutional challenge, which could come on any number of articles. We understand that the Commission will eventually examine all the EU member-states' transpositions of the directive at some point over the next year. Finally, the GOF notes that the law has a "review clause" of 18 months, requiring the government to provide the Parliament with an evaluation of its efficacy. COMMENT AND ACTION REQUEST -------------------------- €¶12. (SBU). France is one of the last countries to fulfil its obligation to transpose this 2002 EU Directive. In making only a minimal effort, many Senators seemed to be acknowledging how quickly technology had moved since then 2002, and during the debates, French Parliamentarians underscored the irony of a belated implementation of a directive which the EU Commission is reportedly already in the process of re-examining. In our conversations over the last weeks where we raised our serious concerns over the quality and direction of this controversial bill, French government officials and observers had sought to reassure us and other stakeholders. We were told (see reftels) that the Senate version would address many if not most of industry's concerns. Senate legislative staff was thought more pro-business, more technologically savvy, and less ideological. Industry observers, many of whom where involved in a low-profile but intense effort to reshape the bill with key amendments were optimistic as well. Working with French industry allies, they proposed close to 300 amendments. However, with the President and Prime Minister under political siege, the government and the majority party were in a hurry to get this complicated and troublesome bill off their to-do list. By placing the bill on a legislative fast-track, the government could be assured that the conciliation conference would be over quickly. This political pressure resulted in some improvements, such as interoperability, where industry analysts are somewhat relieved at the results, but a number of crucial elements remain unchanged, notably the lack of deterrent penalties.

€¶13. (SBU) COMMENT AND ACTION REQUEST. The next six months will provide some limited opportunities to fine-tune the bill, notably in the drafting of implementing regulations, which the GOF can issue by decree. Other options would be to raise examination of the legislation in light of other EU member state transpositions as well as WIPO and TRIPS commitments. Post would appreciate Washington's cleared interagency guidance, including any legal analysis regarding the legislation's impact. End Comment.

Stapleton







If there was threat that Apple "would pull its business out of France," let them. Better yet, boycott the company in France.

Recent Techrights' Posts

Preparations for Our 19th Anniversary Have Already Begun
When we get back we'll probably sort out some balloons and venue for the next party
Pleased After 2 Years With team.blue
Moving from a Content Management System (CMS, dynamic) to a Static Site Generator (SSG) was a wise decision that made life so much easier
The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is Being Attacked by Organisations Jealous of Its Principled Stance and Longevity
Nobody is perfect, but imperfection does not instantaneously imply sinister intent
Many Microsoft "Assets" Are Fabricated Baloney (to Game the Numbers)
At times it seems like what we deal with are many weak patents (on algorithms), valuations or speculations based on hype ("hey hi"), and stocks held by Microsoft and its own staff
"Internal Changes at Red Hat / IBM"
It seems like quite a few people are leaving
Confirmed in French Media: Mass Layoffs (10% Culled) in Microsoft France
Now some reports in French
Microsoft in Freefall in Finland
Can Finland eradicate Windows from all its infrastructure, including core operations that are sensitive to sabotage by cracking?
Google's Chrome Passes 70% and Web Standards Are Dying
The Web is quickly becoming devoid of any standards
Slopwatch: Plagiarism and Ponzi Scheme, Bubble About to Burst Entirely, Admits Goldman Sachs
the hype that Google News and The Register MS actively participate and profit from
 
Certificate Authority Let's Encrypt Drops to Only Half a Dozen Capsules and 0.2% of the Whole in Geminispace, Self-Signed is the Way to Go
It used to have hundreds, according to Lupa
Doing to Red Hat What They Already Did (and Still Do) to IBM
there seems to be a drive to hire cheaper staff, and it may be led by somebody Red Hat hired from Microsoft
Links 03/09/2025: Salesforce's Latest Mass Layoffs, 93% in Large Poll at The Register MS Say UK Government Should Dump Microsoft
Links for the day
If You Reject the Google Verdict in the US, Then You Should Also Reject the "Modern" Web (Do Something About It)
Gemini Protocol is still open; it cannot be hijacked or subverted because it's frozen by design and by intention
Open Source Initiative IRS Filing: Almost All the Money is Corporate, Stefano Maffuli (Executive Director) Takes About a Quarter of That Money for Openwashing of "AI" Ponzi Scheme
OSI is currently little but a PR/marketing agency of Microsoft
Many People Are "Leaving" Red Hat, Even High-Level Managers
Something is definitely going on at Red Hat
Techrights Has Been Subjected to Calls of Violence (and Death Threats), It Never Condoned Violence
I have no sympathy for people who call violence "free speech" and then get in trouble
Condoning Violent Behaviour and "Free Speech"
perhaps Microsoft Lunduke lost touch with what constitutes violence
Takeaway From the Google Verdict: GAFAM Has Too Much Control (Even Over the US Government and Courts With Government Appointees)
Many people feel disappointed but hardly surprised by the verdict
The Free Software Foundation (FSF) Turns 40 in One Month
As noted a few days ago, several times in fact, many people now recognise the importance of the FSF's mission, even if most people don't know what the FSF is
"Voluntary" Layoffs at Microsoft (to Game the Numbers, Sugar-Coating a Crisis)
"Employees interested have until the end of October to volunteer."
Over at Tux Machines...
GNU/Linux news for the past day
IRC Proceedings: Tuesday, September 02, 2025
IRC logs for Tuesday, September 02, 2025
Links 02/09/2025: Oligarch Tech and Text Encoding Concerns in Ada
Links for the day
"People on LinkedIn Saying That They've Left Red Hat."
We already saw signs of it a month ago and named some of the people
Gone With the BRICs (or BRICS): "Linux 8" in Cuba
GAFAM must be worried
Telecompaper Reports Microsoft to Reduce the Workforce by Another 10% (in France)
Imagine what this will do to staff's morale
India is Back to Windows 8 (Market Share Down to 8%) as Android Soars to a New Record High
For Microsoft, India is a runaway market
Links 02/09/2025: SCO Summit and Russia Suspected Of Jamming GPS
Links for the day
Gemini Links 02/09/2025: Mediterranean Marriage and Staying Connected at 35,000 Feet
Links for the day
The Register MS Says "AI Web Crawlers Are Destroying Websites", So Why Does The Register MS Help 'AI' Companies? (Spoiler: Money)
People need to call out The Register MS on its hypocrisy
Slopfarms Already Peaked, They Will Die When Slop Companies Run Out of Money to Borrow
slopfarms will lack an actual "engine"
Links 02/09/2025: Attacks on Unions, Microsoft TCO, and DDoSing a Growing Problem
Links for the day
Why We Publish Information About the SLAPPs (But Not About the Legal Process), an Abuse of Process by Americans Trying to Silence Critics of Their Employer, Microsoft
It doesn't take thousands of pages to explain something simple
Internet Relay Chat Didn't Fall Off a Cliff
IRC will turn 40 in less than 3 years from now
The UEFI 9/11 - Part V - This is Not a Drill (Disable "SecureBoot" Now)
A "9/11" Coming
There's No Obligation to Speak to Anybody
The very fact that "bkuhn" is till spending time in social control media says a lot about his poor judgment
Over at Tux Machines...
GNU/Linux news for the past day
IRC Proceedings: Monday, September 01, 2025
IRC logs for Monday, September 01, 2025
Microsoft Trying to Force People to Resign (Amid Mass Layoffs) a Strategy That Takes Its Toll
Microsoft seems to be circling down the drain and the "final flush" will be the moment the "hey hi" (AI) bubble implodes completely
Google Simply Cannot Be Trusted
Only fools would trust GAFAM
Admission That a Third Party (or Parties) Funds the SLAPPs Against Techrights
This can end up costing them over a million dollars
Modifying and Writing One's Own Computer Programs is Not a Crime (or: Google Proves That Stallman Was Right)
We're generally gratified to see so many positive mentions of him
Why We Stopped Publishing Videos (for Now)
We'll probably get back to videos one day, but it's hard to say when or to what extent
What Animal Rights Activism Teaches Us About Sympathy and Focus
It's possible to believe that the planet is warming, that we must do something about it, and still eat eggs and butter
When You Turn Web Sites About Tech Into Political Sites
A lot of people fall into the trap of catering only for particular groups
Gemini Links 02/09/2025: ROOPHLOCH 2025 and Lagrange 1.19 Released
Links for the day
Gemini Links 01/09/2025: News Corp. WSJ and A Month With NixOS
Links for the day
“Sideloading” Never Killed Anybody
There are many online discussions this week about the misnomer "sideloading"
Slopwatch: Google News as FUD Vector Against Linux and Plagiarism Enhancer, Serial Slopper (SS) Uses LLMs to Googlebomb "Linux"
Slop destroys the Web not just by screwing with search engines and helping plagiarists. It's also responsible for de facto DDoS attacks...
Links 01/09/2025: "Attacks on Science" and China's "Soft Power" Grows
Links for the day
Links 01/09/2025: Fresh Backlash Against Slop and "Norway’s Electricity Crisis is About to Hit Britain"
Links for the day
Writing and Coding Isn't Always Enough
Last year we had to assume a role we didn't have before: litigants
Links 01/09/2025: Catching Up (Mostly via Deutsche Welle), "Windows TCO" Effect in UK
Links for the day
Gemini Links 01/09/2025: Linguistic Barriers and "Web 1.0 Hosting"
Links for the day
Over at Tux Machines...
GNU/Linux news for the past day
IRC Proceedings: Sunday, August 31, 2025
IRC logs for Sunday, August 31, 2025
Autumn Has Come
Autumn should be exciting in all sorts of ways; it'll also mark our anniversary
The UEFI 9/11 - Part IV - External Interference
They all seem to be playing a role in crushing Software Freedom and self-determination for users