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Links 08/04/2022: FreeBSD 13.1 RC2 and OpenSSH 9.0



  • GNU/Linux

    • Audiocasts/Shows

    • Kernel Space

    • Instructionals/Technical

      • How to use Syncplay for videos on Linux | FOSS Linux

        Syncplay is a free, open-source application that allows users to synchronize their media players with remote peers to view videos together. It is available for Linux, Microsoft Windows, macOS, and *BSD. It supports the following media players: MPV, MPC-HC, VLC, and MPC-BE, with each user having the option of using any of them.

        Thus, it doesn’t make a difference whether or not you use Linux and your buddies use Windows or macOS. On the internet, you may still participate in a shared video experience.

        Syncplay’s objective is to synchronize the position and play state of a video across several users. This implies that whenever one user searches or pauses the video, the effects are shared with all other connected users. You may either use one of the publicly available free Syncplay servers or run your public or private Syncplay server on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

        We’ll discuss every aspect you need to know about Syncplay in this tutorial, including its features, how it works, and, most significantly, how to use it. Thus, without further ado, let us begin!

      • DedoimedoHow to install and use Kerkythea in Linux - Tutorial

        Welcome. This article is part of my ongoing series on moving away from Windows as my primary operating system. Several months ago, I've come to the conclusion that the days of the sane, classic desktop computing in Windows are numbered, and I must migrate away ere it's too late. Now, there's no panic. The real problems will most likely start around the EOL of Windows 10, which means 2025 at the earliest. Till then, I promised to do a long series of Windows-to-Linux migration guides around this topic, and create a functional, productive alternative setup for myself, with Linux and the Plasma desktop as my choice.

        So far, I've told you about my generic plan for this adventure. There are some good news already. A fair deal of my favorite software is already cross-platform and/or native to Linux. Other stuff works through WINE. The whole thing will, predictably, boil down to office and games. Now, I want to show you how you can use Kerkythea, a photorealistic, 3D rendering program, in Linux. Follow me.

      • H2S MediaHow to Install FreeTube on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy - Linux Shout

        Install the YouTube Player app called FreeTube on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy JellyFish for watching videos without advertisements and prevent Google from tracking you with their cookies and JavaScript.

      • HowTo ForgeHow to Install GlusterFS on Rocky Linux
      • Fedora MagazaineSamba as AD and Domain Controller - Fedora Magazine



        Having a server with Samba providing AD and Domain Controller functionality will provide you with a very mature and professional way to have a centralized place with all users and groups information. It will free you from the burden of having to manage users and groups on each server. This solution is useful for authenticating applications such as WordPress, FTP servers, HTTP servers, you name it.

        This step-by-step tutorial about setting up Samba as an AD and Domain Controller will demonstrate to you how you can achieve this solution for your network, servers, and applications.

      • nixCraftHow to install and edit desktop files on Linux (Desktop entries)

        Linux comes with three commands for developers, sysadmins and users to set up a hierarchy of applications, typically displayed as a menu. In other words, these commands allow third-party software to add menu items that work for all desktops.

      • nixCraftfile_get_contents(): https:// wrapper is disabled in the server configuration

        So while working on some custom code for this website, I noticed broken functionality. Initially, I thought Cloudflare blocked the origin server IP address. So I looked into the Cloudflare log and found nothing.

      • Linux Shell TipsHow to Install MariaDB Server in AlmaLinux

        Since AlmaLinux has Red Hat Enterprise Linux binary compatibility, this free and open-source Linux OS distribution projects production-grade, and community-supported OS attributes.

        These traits make AlmaLinux an ideal candidate for web-based applications. When it comes to the development and production of such applications, the need for an ideal and performant database management software is mandatory.

      • Red Hat OfficialHow to configure GTID-based replication on MySQL servers | Enable Sysadmin

        Using Global Transaction Identifiers for data replication makes rollouts, debugging, and configuration much easier for admins.

      • Vitux5 Ways to speed up your Ubuntu System – VITUX

        As you become a regular and experienced Ubuntu user, you may notice that the speed of your Ubuntu system decreases over time. This may be due to a variety of applications you have installed from time to time, or because your configuration settings are not optimal for a faster Ubuntu experience. In this article, I’ll show you several ways to speed up your Ubuntu system that have worked for me over the years.

        The commands and procedures mentioned in this article were run on an Ubuntu 20.04 and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS system and they will also work on the upcoming Ubuntu 22.04.

      • How to check which version of Linux Mint you are using

        How to check which version of Linux Mint you are using In this tutorial you will learn different methods to check which version of Linux version you are using.

        This information is useful when you are having issues and want to troubleshoot them, or simply want to know more about the operating system that you are using.

        You can read this information via different methods, via System info app or via terminal by typing the command.

      • ELinuxSolusVM: Cancelling stuck migrations | Elinux.co.in | Linux Cpanel/ WHM blog | Linux Webhosting Blog, Linux blogs

        There is a rare bug which can occur with SolusVM, in which migrations will get stuck at 0% – no matter how much time passes, like so or if you want to cancel the migration process because of slow transfer speed.

    • Desktop Environments/WMs

    • Distributions

      • BSD

        • FreeBSDFreeBSD 13.1-RC2 Now Available
          The second RC build of the 13.1-RELEASE release cycle is now available.
          
          

          Installation images are available for:

          o 13.1-RC2 amd64 GENERIC o 13.1-RC2 i386 GENERIC o 13.1-RC2 powerpc GENERIC o 13.1-RC2 powerpc64 GENERIC64 o 13.1-RC2 powerpcspe MPC85XXSPE o 13.1-RC2 armv6 RPI-B o 13.1-RC2 armv7 GENERICSD o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 GENERIC o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 RPI o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 PINE64 o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 PINE64-LTS o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 PINEBOOK o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 ROCK64 o 13.1-RC2 aarch64 ROCKPRO64 o 13.1-RC2 riscv64 GENERICSD

          Note regarding arm SD card images: For convenience for those without console access to the system, a freebsd user with a password of freebsd is available by default for ssh(1) access. Additionally, the root user password is set to root. It is strongly recommended to change the password for both users after gaining access to the system.

          Installer images and memory stick images are available here:

          https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/ISO-IMAGES/13.1/

          The image checksums follow at the end of this e-mail.

          If you notice problems you can report them through the Bugzilla PR system or on the -stable mailing list.

          If you would like to use Git to do a source based update of an existing system, use the "releng/13.1" branch.

          A summary of changes since 13.1-RC1 includes:

          o libc: Restore fp state upon flush error in fputc

          o Updates to the bsd-family-tree history file.

          o Update contrib/expat to 2.4.7.

          o Treat cache write as a read in arm64 data faults.

          o pf: Initialize the table entry zone limit at initialization time.

          o mpr/mps/mpt: verify cfg page ioctl lengths.

          o zlib updated to version 1.2.12.

          o cxgbe: fix enabling lro & rxtimestamps.

          o uart(4): Add a concept of "unique" serial devices.

          o powerpc: implement __clear_cache.

          o fstyp: detect Raspberry Pi Pico boot filesystem as FAT.

          o Various LinuxKPI updates, fixes, and KBI corrections.

          o net80211: validate Mesh ID length in ieee80211_parse_beacon.

          o netmap: Fix integer overflow in nmreq_copyin.

          o netmap: Fix TOCTOU vulnerability in nmreq_copyin.

          o libarchive: merge vendor bugfixes.

          o libbe: pull props for the correct dataset in be_mounted_at().

          o libbe: fix be_mounted_at() with props after bootonce.

          o Various bectl/libbe fixes and updates.

          o mrsas(4) updates.

          o Updates and fixes to VFS.

          A list of changes since 13.0-RELEASE is available in the releng/13.1 release notes:

          https://www.freebsd.org/releases/13.1R/relnotes/

          Please note, the release notes page is not yet complete, and will be updated on an ongoing basis as the 13.1-RELEASE cycle progresses.

          === Virtual Machine Disk Images ===

          VM disk images are available for the amd64, i386, and aarch64 architectures. Disk images may be downloaded from the following URL (or any of the FreeBSD download mirrors):

          https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/VM-IMAGES/13.1-RC2/

          BASIC-CI images can be found at:

          https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/CI-IMAGES/13.1-RC2/

          The partition layout is:

          ~ 16 kB - freebsd-boot GPT partition type (bootfs GPT label) ~ 1 GB - freebsd-swap GPT partition type (swapfs GPT label) ~ 20 GB - freebsd-ufs GPT partition type (rootfs GPT label)

          The disk images are available in QCOW2, VHD, VMDK, and raw disk image formats. The image download size is approximately 135 MB and 165 MB respectively (amd64/i386), decompressing to a 21 GB sparse image.

          Note regarding arm64/aarch64 virtual machine images: a modified QEMU EFI loader file is needed for qemu-system-aarch64 to be able to boot the virtual machine images. See this page for more information:

          https://wiki.freebsd.org/arm64/QEMU

          To boot the VM image, run:

          % qemu-system-aarch64 -m 4096M -cpu cortex-a57 -M virt \ -bios QEMU_EFI.fd -serial telnet::4444,server -nographic \ -drive if=none,file=VMDISK,id=hd0 \ -device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0 \ -device virtio-net-device,netdev=net0 \ -netdev user,id=net0

          Be sure to replace "VMDISK" with the path to the virtual machine image.
        • OpenSSHOpenSSH 9.0
          OpenSSH 9.0 was released on 2022-04-08. It is available from the
          mirrors listed at https://www.openssh.com/.
          OpenSSH is a 100% complete SSH protocol 2.0 implementation and
          includes sftp client and server support.
          
          

          Once again, we would like to thank the OpenSSH community for their continued support of the project, especially those who contributed code or patches, reported bugs, tested snapshots or donated to the project. More information on donations may be found at: https://www.openssh.com/donations.html

          Changes since OpenSSH 8.9 =========================

          This release is focused on bug fixing.

          Potentially-incompatible changes --------------------------------

          This release switches scp(1) from using the legacy scp/rcp protocol to using the SFTP protocol by default.

          Legacy scp/rcp performs wildcard expansion of remote filenames (e.g. "scp host:* .") through the remote shell. This has the side effect of requiring double quoting of shell meta-characters in file names included on scp(1) command-lines, otherwise they could be interpreted as shell commands on the remote side.

          This creates one area of potential incompatibility: scp(1) when using the SFTP protocol no longer requires this finicky and brittle quoting, and attempts to use it may cause transfers to fail. We consider the removal of the need for double-quoting shell characters in file names to be a benefit and do not intend to introduce bug-compatibility for legacy scp/rcp in scp(1) when using the SFTP protocol.

          Another area of potential incompatibility relates to the use of remote paths relative to other user's home directories, for example - "scp host:~user/file /tmp". The SFTP protocol has no native way to expand a ~user path. However, sftp-server(8) in OpenSSH 8.7 and later support a protocol extension "expand-path@openssh.com" to support this.

          In case of incompatibility, the scp(1) client may be instructed to use the legacy scp/rcp using the -O flag.
        • LWNOpenSSH 9.0 released

          OpenSSH 9.0 has been released. It is claimed to be primarily a bug-fix release, but it also switches to a new, quantum-computer-proof key-exchange protocol by default and includes a number of sftp changes, some of which may create some compatibility issues (described in the announcement) with scp.

      • SUSE/OpenSUSE

        • Tumbleweed Gets New Default GCC - openSUSE News

          A new default GNU Compiler Collection for openSUSE Tumbleweed arrived this week in one of the snapshots that has rolled out in the month of April.

          Snapshot 20220405 made the default compiler switch to GCC 12.

          The most recent snapshot that came out after the switch was 20220406. This snapshot updated five packages. One of those updated packages was autoconf 2.71. Configuration scripts from the latest autoconf improved compatibility with C-variant front end compiler clang and compatibility was restored with automake’s rules for regenerating a configuration. The Linux SCSI target framework tgt package updated to version 1.0.82 and added support for listening on a random port. Other packages to update in the snapshot were xf86-video-dummy 0.4.0 and yast2-slp-server 4.5.0.

      • Arch Family

        • GamingOnLinuxSorry Arch, it's not working out any more and hello Fedora | GamingOnLinux

          There comes a time when everyone has to sit and think about what they use on their PC, especially if you're on Linux. For me, Arch Linux just wasn't work out any more and so I've moved to Fedora.

          While I was reasonably happy with Arch Linux, it's just not stable enough for me personally. It's a very subjective thing of course, and highly dependent on what hardware you use — along with how often you update. For me, it just messed things up a bit too often, and last night was the final straw.

      • IBM/Red Hat/Fedora

        • FedoraCPE Weekly Update – Week of April 4th – 8th – Fedora Community Blog

          This is a weekly report from the CPE (Community Platform Engineering) Team. If you have any questions or feedback, please respond to this report or contact us on #redhat-cpe channel on libera.chat (https://libera.chat/).

        • OpenSource.comMy guide to using the Git push command safely | Opensource.com

          Most know that using Git's push --force command is strongly discouraged and is considered destructive.

          However, to me, it seemed very strange to put all my trust in Git with my projects and at the same time completely avoid using one of its popular commands.

          This led me to research why folks consider this command so harmful.

        • Enterprisers Project9 reasons you have technical debt and how to reduce it

          As an IT leader, you are tasked with delivering solutions that reduce costs, transform the business, and drive revenue. Chances are, one of the biggest hindrances your organization faces is technical debt.

          Technical debt causes friction and can significantly slow the delivery of IT solutions. The result? Your IT team can’t deliver at the scale the business requires. IT leaders must address technical debt in order to meet the needs of the business.

      • Debian Family

        • GamingOnLinuxRaspberry Pi OS gets some big updates, possible to run experimental Wayland | GamingOnLinux

          Raspberry Pi OS has been through a big update recently, which fans of the little devices need to be aware of for future setups and upgrades.

          First, in the name of security, the default "pi" user is no more. Why? Well, attacks are on the rise, and since the RPi is incredibly popular, it is obviously a target. Removing the default name is just another small barrier that anyone doing something naughty has to overcome, as they might now need your username directly too. That, and new legislation from some countries that forbid having default login info. Seems like a sane change regardless, so their install wizard (that's now required to use) was upgraded to create a proper user account.

      • Canonical/Ubuntu Family

        • GamingOnLinuxLinux Mint working on a new upgrade tool for major releases

          Linux Mint, the distribution that tries to set itself apart for beginners (but not only) along with their own Cinnamon desktop environment, have some plans to help users upgrade.

          Jumping between small releases is currently fine, since Linux Mint sticks to the same Ubuntu package base. However, upgrading to a new major version can be a hassle. Thankfully, they're working on solving this issue with a brand new upgrade tool in the works.

        • VituxHow much RAM is installed on your Ubuntu system – VITUX

          When you want to install a new program on your computer, the very first thing you ask is the amount of memory this program needs to work perfectly. The reason for this is that before the actual installation, you need to make sure whether your computer system is capable of running the program or not. Also, you need to know how much memory is installed in your system. In this article, we will explain how you can check how much memory is installed on your Ubuntu server or desktop. The commands have been run on an Ubuntu 20.04 system, but they will work in the same way on Ubuntu 22.04.

    • Free, Libre, and Open Source Software

      • Web Browsers

        • Mozilla

          • 9to5LinuxFirefox 100 Enters Beta Testing with GTK Overlay Scrollbars Enabled by Default

            Apart from the major version number change, Firefox 100 comes with GTK overlay scrollbars enabled by default so they won’t take up space when you’re browsing the Internet and also to make the open-source web browser look more modern.

            On Linux, users will be able to enable or disable the GTK overlay scrollbars via the new “Always show scrollbars” options implemented in the Browsing section under Settings > General.

      • Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra

      • FSFE

        • Short history of the "What is Free Software (Open Source)?" video

          In February 2020, I was giving a talk titled "The core values of software freedom" at FOSDEM's largest auditorium (video recording). It was great to talk to such a large audience and have all those great discussions afterwards. Briefly afterwards, in March 2020, I gave the same talk at FOSS Backstage (video recording), especially enjoying the Q&A afterwards. Unfortunately, then the pandemic hit Europe, and it was my last conference in person for that year. So the next months I heavily missed having in person discussions with people I know and with new people I could have met at conferences.

          Nevertheless, I had great online discussions about the topic of the talk, which encouraged me to think about how we can condense the message of the talk further to reach more people with it -- maybe with a short video similar to our "Public Money? Public Code!" video. When one person, who already before sent me kudos for my FOSDEM talk, heard about it, he offered to make a larger donation to cover the costs for such a video.

      • Programming/Development

        • TIC-80 Dino Run

          I was feeling the urge to tinker on a fun project for a change so I started looking more closely into the TIC-80 fantasy console after hearing it mentioned on a podcast.

          It's a lot of fun to develop for. You have certain technical limitations you have to work under, such as a 240x136 display, 16 color palette, and more. Those limitations are oddly freeing in a way. There's not a lot of pressure to create something groundbreaking or innovative, and I found that being restricted only encouraged me to have fun with it.

          [...]

          The editing tools are well made and even pretty fun to use. You can create everything you need for a game -- code, sprites, audio -- while staying inside the TIC-80 environment.

        • '3 Man Chess: In The Round' in APL (NARS2000). Part 2.

          2022-04-07 '3 Man Chess: In The Round' in APL (NARS2000). Part 1.

          After 'addvec', another function there is about whether, given an adequate board situation and rest of the game state, a move is possible from the given coordinates or from any coordinates.

  • Leftovers

    • I Answer Questions, Part IV



      These social protections have been slowly eroding over decades. Much of our tax money now goes into paying consultants and private schools that feed segregation and inequality. These are not my opinions: these are well documented facts that even the conservatives acknowledge. The problem is that nobody wants to decommission the private schools or private clinics because it would cause short term discord.

      The railroads used to be publicly owned. Railroads were sufficiently serviced. The railway industry now complains about the deteriorating state of railways, but they don't want to pay for repairs and service. That money will end up coming from taxes; public money directly funnelled to the benefit of private companies. I believe the same situation applies to electricity infrastructure.

      Private schools siphon well-off and low maintenance pupils from the public education system and are able to spend less per pupil on average than the public schools who are left with a higher percentage of kids in need of extra support, further straining the budgets, planning, and resource problems that the schools already have.

    • Integrity/Availability

    • Civil Rights/Policing

      • Delhi HC directs MHA to clarify its position on maintenance of e-surveillance data

        We have been pursuing information relating to the scope and scale of e-surveillance conducted by the Ministry of Home Affairs (‘MHA’) since December 2018. The information was, at first, denied on the grounds of national security. Thereafter, on appeal, the information was denied on a new ground that minimal data was maintained and records pertaining to the information sought were destroyed from time to time. When we, further, appealed against this order before the Chief Information Commissioner (‘CIC’), the CIC accepted another new ground - that the information on e-surveillance orders was not maintained at all by the public information officer at the MHA! We have challenged this order of the CIC before the Delhi High Court, which was heard on 05.04.2022. The Court directed the counsel for the public information officers and the MHA to seek instructions on maintenance of records.

    • Internet Policy/Net Neutrality

      • USENET Notes

        Around 20 years ago I was early enough in my career that I still harbored the illusion that there was any way to hold back the insanity of people. My frustrations were mounting and I found solace in reading things from similarly beset individuals.

      • Capsule under construction

        Last Saturday I finally had some free time, so I started on another item from my to-do list: setting up my own capsule. The official motivations are to get back in practice as a sysadmin (it's been a while since I've had my own server.

      • The Imp of the Perverse

        So I found myself going on a small weekend trip, and at the last moment, I decided that instead of taking my normal, powerful, full-featured 10-year-old laptop, I would take my smol, underpowered 10-year-old laptop. This amounts to a choice limit my computing activity to writing, email, and Gemini/Gopher over the weekend.



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