In the era of cloud computing, building a home server may seem like a strange idea. Why would you invest time, money, and energy into building a powerful Linux home server when you can instantly create a virtual machine in the cloud and get as much compute and storage capacity as you need? Because setting up a home server is a wonderful learning experience whose result is a server built exactly according to your needs.
Building a Linux home server from the ground up and without any previous experience is not nearly as complicated as it may seem. All you need to do is pick the right hardware, install a suitable operating system, and configure the server based on your needs. You can build a Linux server for your home on a very tight budget, but you can also spend a lot of money on premium server hardware and turn your home into a small datacenter.
What Is a Home Server and What Can I Do with It?
A server is any computer that processes requests from clients and delivers data to them over the internet or a different network, such as a local area network.
Most servers are located in dedicated buildings with redundant or backup components and infrastructure for power supply, extra-fast internet connection, and precise environmental control, but there’s nothing preventing you from having a server at home.
If Docker is the new hypervisor, Kubernetes became the replacement for proprietary virtual machine managers. With containers as the deployment unit and Kubernetes as the orchestration manager, the industry finally agreed on a standard infrastructure layer.
Red Hat, VMware, Canonical, Mirantis, Rancher and other vendors offer Kubernetes-based platforms that can run in both enterprise data centers and the public cloud. The rise of Kubernetes forced hyperscale cloud vendors such as Alibaba, AWS, IBM, Google, Huawei, Microsoft and Oracle to offer managed Kubernetes services.
What does a €£63m investment even mean in a country where you don't need to declare cash flow?
IBM's CTO of Open Technology, Chris Ferris, tells The Register that: "IBM believes firmly that open source, especially for projects that really are strategic to the industry, that the best way to manage those is under open governance, under the auspices of a foundation."
The kinds of projects IBM has in mind are the Kubernetes-related Istio and Knative, and the TensorFlow machine learning framework – all of which happen to be managed by Google.
Apple's Swift language was released in late 2014 and soon became popular as a modern programming language for iOS and Mac applications. In 2015 Apple announced that Swift would be open source – and with a build for Linux as well as for Apple operating systems. "As soon as IBM learned this, we opened up conversations through partnership channels with Apple, and we began working on porting most of the major Foundation libraries in Swift to Linux," said an IBM blog from January this year.
This video goes over what is the best Linux distro for 2020. I showcase how it is configured and how I use it to be extremely productive.
Western Digital has been contributing a lot more to the Linux kernel in recent years from RISC-V architecture bits to storage enhancements. The most recent code they have been working on in recent weeks is a brand new Linux file-system.
But before getting too bent out of shape over yet-another-Linux-filesystem, the new Western Digital creation isn't intended to be a general purpose file-system for competing with the likes of EXT4, Btrfs, XFS, and ZFS On Linux... This new file-system, Zonefs, is for specialty use-cases and running on zoned block devices. Zonefs exposes each zone of a zoned block device as a file, compared to traditional file-systems or how zoned block device support is exposed through the likes of F2FS and friends on host-managed/host-aware SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording) disk drives.
While the open-source Radeon Linux graphics stack has made some remarkable improvements this year not only from AMD but also the likes of Valve, unfortunately not as much can be said about the state of the open-source NVIDIA (Nouveau) driver. The Nouveau Linux graphics driver remains much slower than the proprietary driver, the hardware with the best support is several generations old, and due to the lack of signed firmware images there still isn't yet any open-source 3D for the Turing GPUs that have been shipping for months. But there may be hope in 2020.
Benchmark and stress test methods are often used to gauge the performance of desktop PCs and servers. These tests are also useful in finding hardware problems and system anomalies that are observed only when a system is under heavy load.
This article will list various utilities to perform CPU benchmarks and stress tests on your system. While many of these apps provide options to test other hardware components as well, this article will focus on CPU tests only.
Business cards are a staple in the business world and can help make a good impression. What kind of impression would you make if your business card not only shared your contact information, but also ran Linux? One embedded systems engineer did just that. George Hilliard created his own business card that can run Linux and shared the process on his website.
According to Hilliard, his idea for the business card came to him when he thought, “These processors are nearly cheap enough to give away.” He noted that he had seen electronic business cards before, but their functions tended to be rather limited. He believes that his own Linux business card could be a great idea for larger business, since they could likely get the needed materials at an even lower price.
Business cards continue to be a thing in the 21st century because despite the fact that many folks are carrying around smartphones capable of storing contact details for millions of people, it’s still quicker and easier to hand someone a card than to sit around while they type your details into a phone.
A lot of cards probably get tossed out… but some folks have found ways to use to tech to make truly innovative, memorable, and maybe even useful business cards.
There was the developer who made a business card that’s also a musical instrument, or the one who made a card that acts as a Magic 8-Ball game. But George Hilliard’s business cards may be the first that are actually wallet-sized computers that run Linux.
Easy access to reliable electrical power is something a lot of us take for granted, but in developing countries or after natural disaster, it can be a rare commodity. [Daniel Connelly] has been working hard to develop infrastructure people can build themselves, and his latest project is a 200 W water turbine (video after the break) that can be built for about $50.
The core of the system is a wheel and motor from a hoverboard. What looks like 110 mm PVC tubing is connected together in a U-shape that can be mounted over the wall of a man-made channel. The inlet side is shorter than the outlet, and the system must be filled with water to allow the flow to start, like a siphon. The first two versions had the impeller sitting on the end of the outlet tube. V1 used a scrap plastic radial impeller of unknown origin, and did not work at all. V2 had a 3D printed impeller that worked pretty well, but the rotation speed wasn’t high enough to produce the voltage that [Daniel] wanted.
Bluespec is thrilled to announce the launch of their latest innovation: the Bluespec RISC-V Factory. From developers to embedded systems engineers and beyond, those working in the RISC-V field now have a brand new resource at their fingertips that enables them to become RISC-V power users and design with RISC-V open source cores far more safely and efficiently.
While open source cores provide a huge running start on the RISC-V value proposition, there is still a dangerous productization gap compared to proprietary cores. The RISC-V Factory supplies the missing layers of productization, enabling safe and easy deployment of RISC-V open source hardware.
Arm dominates the microprocessor architecture business, as its licensees have shipped 150 billion chips to date and are shipping 50 billion more in the next two years. But RISC-V is challenging that business with an open source ecosystem of its own, based on a new kind of processor architecture that was created by academics and is royalty free.
This month, 2,000 engineers attended the second annual RISC-V Summit in San Jose, California. The leaders of the effort, including nonprofit RISC-V Foundation CEO Calista Redmond, said they see billions of cores shipping in the future.
RISC-V started in 2010 at the University of California at Berkeley Par Lab Project, which needed an instruction set architecture that was simple, efficient, and extensible and had no constraints on sharing with others. Krste Asanovic (a founder of SiFive), Andrew Waterman, Yunsup Lee, and David Patterson created RISC-V and built their first chip in 2011. In 2014, they announced the project and gave it to the community.
RISC-V enables members to design processors and other chips that are compatible with software designed for the architecture, and it means licensees won’t have to pay a royalty to Arm. RISC-V is politically neutral, as it’s moving its base to Switzerland. That caught the attention of executives, including Infineon CEO Reinhard Ploss, according to RISC-V board member Patterson. With RISC-V, Chinese companies wouldn’t have to depend on Western technology, which became an issue when the U.S. imposed tariffs and Arm had to determine whether it could license U.S. technology to Huawei.
Piloting a boat is all well and good, but can get dull when you’d rather be reclining on the deck with a cold beverage in hand. For [Timo Birnschein], this simply wouldn’t do. He began to gather parts to put together an autopilot to keep his boat on the straight and narrow.
The build is based around OpenPlotter, which uses a battery of marine-ready software to handle routing charts, autopiloting, and providing a compass heading for navigation. Naturally, it all runs on a Raspberry Pi. In combination with PyPilot, it can be used to let the vessel drive itself around a series of waypoints, allowing you to soak up the atmosphere on the water without having to constantly steer the craft.
It's not often I predict that one Linux distribution might change the landscape of open source, but everything I've seen and heard about the upcoming release for Deepin Linux has me thinking this could be the one. The developers of Deepin 15.11 are planning to release a feature that could shift the tectonic plates of Linux distributions. That feature is Deepin Cloud Sync.
This feature will sync system settings--of your choosing--to the cloud. For instance, you could install another instance of the OS, connect it to your Deepin Cloud Sync account, and have that new instance of the OS automatically sync your settings. Imagine how much time that would save for the rollout of multiple desktop instances. Couple that with how gorgeous the Deepin desktop is, and you have something special.
Deepin Linux is going to turn heads, and many users will jump the ship of their favorite distribution.
As a way of approaching software development, open source has been with us for decades. For over twenty years, organisations like the Apache Software Foundation have supported the development of open source software projects that led to new applications and online services enjoyed by billions globally.
However, what will happen to open source in 2020 and in the years ahead? Will the open source movement continue to support and develop software effectively, or are there future risks we need to address?
It's been an amazing decade for open source. So many things have happened--some of which have profoundly changed the way in which businesses work, and some of which greatly improved the Linux desktop experience.
I'm highlighting what I believe are the best innovations to have come out of the open source community since 2010. Are there more great open source innovations? Yes, of course, but in my opinion these are some of the most important ones.
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Let's take it down a notch or two with a brief detour to the Linux desktop. Although some would argue that there are far better desktop environments, on April 6, 2011, GNOME 3 changed the game. This was the first time a popular Linux DE made a drastic shift to the popular desktop metaphor. Instead of the usual panel, main menu, system tray, etc., the GNOME developers opted to take a completely different approach—one that would not only be more efficient, but was touch-screen friendly, elegant, and unique. The GNOME team received a ton of flack for this change, but they stuck it out. Indirectly, it was the release of GNOME 3 that inspired the likes of Cinnamon and MATE, as well as Deepin Desktop. So even if you don't like it, chances are the desktop you are using has benefited from GNOME 3.
Software used to be proprietary, but over the past decade, open-source tools have seen a meteoric rise. This software is freely available and is developed collaboratively, maintained by a broad network that includes everyone from unpaid volunteers to employees at competing tech companies. Here's how the business model works.
Belgium-based all-in-one business software maker Odoo, which offers an open source version as well as subscription-based enterprise software and SaaS, has taken in $90 million led by a new investor: Global growth equity investor Summit Partners.
The funds have been raised via a secondary share sale. Odoo’s executive management team and existing investor SRIW and its affiliate Noshaq also participated in the share sale by buying stock — with VC firms Sofinnova and XAnge selling part of their shares to Summit Partners and others.
“Odoo is largely profitable and grows at 60% per year with an 83% gross margin product; so, we don’t need to raise money,” a spokeswoman told us. “Our bottleneck is not the cash but the recruitment of new developers, and the development of the partner network.
Hugging Face has announced the close of a $15 million series A funding round led by Lux Capital, with participation from Salesforce chief scientist Richard Socher and OpenAI CTO Greg Brockman, as well as Betaworks and A.Capital.
New-York based Hugging Face started as a chatbot company, but then began to use Transformers, an approach to conversational AI that’s become a foundation for state-of-the-art algorithms. The startup expands access to conversational AI by creating abstraction layers for developers and manufacturers to quickly adopt cutting-edge conversational AI, like Google’s BERT and XLNet and OpenAI’s GPT-2 or AI for edge devices. More than 1,000 companies use Hugging Face solutions today, including Microsoft’s Bing.
Natural language processing (NLP) is at the core of breakthrough, AI technologies and has powered apps like SignAll, which is used to translated sign language into text. Hugging Face brings NLP to the mainstream through its open-source framework Transformers that has over 1M installations. Hugging Face’s NLP platform has led to the launch of several that address =customer support, sales, content, and branding, and is being used by over a thousand companies.
Ray is an open-source distributed framework that makes it easy to scale applications and to leverage machine learning libraries. The project was developed by the distributed programming platform company Anyscale.
Ray includes three libraries for accelerating machine learning workloads: Tune, RLlib and Distributed Training. According to the company, the machine learning libraries give developers the ability to include hyperparameter search, reinforcement learning, training and serving.
With the funding, Anyscale will expand its leadership team and amplify its contribution to the open source community.
CertiPath announced it received final sign-off on its yearlong effort to create a blockchain gateway on behalf of the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (S&T).
Gitcoin, the open-source bounties platform, makes an upliftment for the open-source community workers and aims to start the New Year by promoting the Open Source Community. Since its launch in 2019, it has already funded $797,000 to open source projects.
I began my career as a developer of deep-water missile systems for submarines and did this until 2001 when Google Earth was first released. This critically impacted how the industry operated and in turn, my career. After completing my PhD in photogrammetry and remote sensing, I decided to jump into the internet industry and eventually found my way to China UnionPay. There, I served as a Senior Researcher in Strategic Development, then a Senior Executive in Market Development, and finally as a Deputy General Manager of a third-party payment and clearing subsidiary of China UnionPay for two years. In 2013, I made my way to the blockchain space and focused on the development of consortium blockchain and privacy-preserving computation, and then founded PlatON to begin the development and commercial practise of blockchain-based infrastructure.
We are pleased to announce the release of GNUnet 0.12.1.
This is a very minor release. It largely fixes one function that is needed by GNU Taler 0.6.0. Please read the release notes for GNUnet 0.12.0, as they still apply. Updating is only recommended for those using GNUnet in combination with GNU Taler.
"It is core to our mission of transforming healthcare that we release open source research and information visualizations, like Vapepocolypse, that draws attention to and informs people about the relationship between e-cigarette use and respiratory disease," said Juhan Sonin, director of GoInvo.
GitLab announced that it is moving its observability suite to Core to its open-source codebase in 2020.
“If it’s a feature for a single developer who might be working on his or her own individual project, we want that to be in Core because it invites more usage of those tools and we get great feedback in the form of new feature requests and developer contributions,” said Kenny Johnston, the director of product of Ops at GitLab.
So far, the majority of Python packages have either used distutils, or a build system built upon it. Most frequently, this was setuptools. All those solutions provided a setup.py script with a semi-standard interface, and we were able to handle them reliably within distutils-r1.eclass. PEP 517 changed that.
Instead of a setup script, packages now only need to supply a declarative project information in pyproject.toml file (fun fact: TOML parser is not even part of Python stdlib yet). The build system used is specified as a combination of a package requirement and a backend object to use. The backends are expected to provide a very narrow API: it’s limited to building wheel packages and source distribution tarballs.
The new build systems built around this concept are troublesome to Gentoo. They are more focused on being standalone package managers than build systems. They lack the APIs matching our needs. They have large dependency trees, including circular dependencies. Hence, we’ve decided to try an alternate route.
Instead of trying to tame the new build systems, or work around their deficiencies (i.e. by making them build wheel packages, then unpacking and repackaging them), we’ve explored the possibility of converting the pyproject.toml files into setup.py scripts. Since the new formats are declarative, this should not be that hard.
I have been writing a small scraping application these days. I wanted it to send metrics and use chromedriver. I also wanted to be able to run it locally and don’t send metrics while running locally. So, I needed some way to separate local and production environments. The easiest way to do that — use flags.
Today, a new version (3.2.5) of Thonny has been released. It incorporates support for Friendly-traceback (which needs to be installed separately). Currently, the download link on Thonny's homepage still links to version 3.2.4. The latest version can be found on Github.
Thonny is a fantastic IDE for beginners, especially those learning in a classroom environment, as it offers many useful tools that can be used effectively by teachers to demonstrate some programming concepts. Thonny is the work of Aivar Annamaa, who is apparently recognized as an excellent lecturer -- which does not suprise me given the thoughtful design of Thonny. He has been interviewed about Thonny on PythonPodcast.
It’s hard to find a tech company that isn’t attempting some sort of AI-related product, service, or initiative these days, but eBay went all-in by building its own AI platform, called Krylov. Sanjeev Katariya, eBay’s VP and chief architect of AI and platforms, described Krylov in an interview with VentureBeat: “At the very highest level, Krylov is a machine learning platform that enables data scientists and machine learning engineers to ship all different kinds of models for all kinds of data quickly into production, which gets integrated into user experiences that eBay ships globally.”
Akamai is using a congestion control algorithm that was originally developed by Google to optimize streaming video traffic on its content delivery network (CDN) platform. The algorithm is called the Bottleneck Bandwidth and RTT (BBR).
Internet traffic rides on an underlying transport protocol, the most popular of which is TCP. As CDN traffic is delivered into last mile networks, it often hits a lot of interference that increases degradation. Congestion control algorithms are used to combat that degradation. Alex Balford, senior product marketing manager at Akamai, said Akamai uses about five different congestion control algorithms that work with TCP. Some of these algorithms are proprietary and some are open source.
APIs have become omnipresent in the world of software and mobile app development.
Right from private solutions to public-facing services apps and partner integrations, it is present everywhere.
They are helping developers in creating apps that caters to diverse set of customer needs. They are transforming the architectural patterns with much sophisticated approach of mobile application development.
flexiWAN, the world's first modular and open source SD-WAN has announced today that it is cooperating with Telefónica for creating value added SD-WAN based services through the flexiWAN open source and modular SD-WAN solution.
Service differentiation, feature modularity with the ability to easily integrate 3rd party applications and tiered service cost structure are some of the drivers for the cooperation between Telefónica and flexiWAN.
Israel-based start-up FlexiWAN announced that it’s collaborating with Telefonica on the creation of SD-WAN based services through its flexiWAN open source and modular SD-WAN product. The partnership started in June 2019 and during 2020, flexiWAN and Telefonica will be running proof-of-concept trials to test flexiWAN performance and functionality on white-box CPEs.
The aim is to test the technology for customer branches that need throughputs from 50 Mbps to 1 Gbps of encrypted traffic, said flexiWAN, adding that service differentiation, feature modularity with the ability to easily integrate third party applications and tiered service cost structure are some of the drivers for the cooperation.
Telefónica and flexiWAN started their collaboration in June, and plan to run flexiWAN's open source, modular SD-WAN solution on white box customer premises equipment next year. The PoCs will test flexiWAN on customers branches that need throughput from 50 Mbps to 1 Gig of encrypted traffic.
Amazon, Apple, Google & Zigbee Alliance are working to simplify product manufacturers ' production and increasing market connectivity.
DataStax has taken the Christmas wrapping paper off of DataStax Luna, a subscription-based support offering for open source Cassandra.
The company says it is offering this service due to the rapid growth of Apache Cassandra.
DataStax was among the Apache Cassandra specialists wobbled by AWS’s decision to offer a managed service of the open source distributed database earlier this month.
At the recent AWS re:Invent, Amazon announced the Amazon Managed Apache Cassandra Service (MCS), a new way of managing Cassandra databases on AWS. With this new service the public cloud vendor can offer Cassandra directly to customers instead of relying on third-party vendors.
According to the Times, Amazon quickly surpassed Elastic and began making more revenue by offering deeper integration with its other products. Elastic responded to that by offering premium features on top of its product, only for AWS allegedly to copy many of those features and make them available to its users at no extra cost.
Turns out even with the luxury and protection of billions of dollars, you still can't take any criticism
Angel, an artificial Intelligence project contributed by Tencent, successfully graduated from LF AI on December 19th after evolving from a pure model training platform to a full-stack machine learning platform, an umbrella foundation of the Linux Foundation said in a statement released on Thursday.
Angel is the first Chinese open-sourced project to achieve this status, the LF AI Foundation added.
The Linux Foundation’s latest project brings together many of the key developments in next generation networks, which the open source organization is taking such a prominent role in shaping. DENT will create an open network operating system (NOS) for disaggregated network switches in campuses or remote offices. This has clear implications for telcos as they build out edge clouds, often in tandem with smaller 5G cells. In doing this, they are targeting enterprise business with on-premise or managed edge/connectivity services, while looking to transform their own network costs with white box and open source architectures. This is the latest example of the Foundation’s growing role in defining telecoms and enterprise networks, as operators move out of their strictly proprietary worlds…
The Xen Project 4.13 release incorporates many new features and improvements to existing features.
The Xen Project, an open source hypervisor hosted at the Linux Foundation, today announced the release of Xen Project Hypervisor 4.13, which improves security, hardware support, added new options for embedded use cases and reflects a wide array of contributions from the community and ecosystem. This release also represents a fundamental shift in the long-term direction of Xen, one which solidifies its resilience against security threats due to side channel attacks and hardware issues.
Anchore Inc., the container analysis and security experts, today announced the integration of Anchore Engine with the Cloud Native Computing Foundation's (CNCF) Harbor container image registry project. Harbor is an open source, cloud-native container image registry that is currently an incubating project within the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. With this new integration, Harbor users can use Anchore to automatically scan container images to identify known vulnerabilities and enforce best practices before allowing them to be published.
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Anchore Engine, first released in 2017, is an open source tool for deep image inspection and vulnerability scanning. It is the only tool focused 100% on container-native scanning; it goes beyond basic source and binary scanning by probing into the configuration and contents of container images. Anchore Engine is the core of Anchore Enterprise, a fully-featured container security workflow solution for enterprises in highly-regulated industries.
The SRT Alliance, a group that supports an open source video transport protocol and technology stack, said it now has more than 300 member companies.
Alibaba Cloud, Internet Initiative Japan, Kiswe and Red5 Pro recently joined the group, which is pushing for adoption of SRT (Secure Reliable Transport). The protocol, which was developed by Haivision, optimizes streaming performance to account for varying speeds and reliability within different networks. SRT says it can offer secure streams and easy firewall traversal. The protocol is royalty free and available on GitHub.
According to the Financial Times, GitHub is working with the Chinese government to open a subsidiary in China. GitHub COO Erica Brescia said the Chinese government was “very encouraging” of the move, and the company was planning a “phased approach” to expansion. The FT explained this first phase involves setting up a “wholly foreign-owned subsidiary in China for the purposes of hiring staff” followed by “joint ventures and the possibility of hosting GitHub content in China”
Google is modifying the reward program it has that provides rewards to open source projects for security improvements and will now give monetary support in advance for projects that don’t have the financial resources to do it on their own. The patch reward program is an offshoot of Google’s vulnerability reward program, which pays researchers rewards for discovering and submitting security flaws in certain Google products and services. Google started the patch reward program in 2013 as a way to encourage the maintainers of open source projects to address security weaknesses. It doesn’t pay out money for fixing vulnerabilities, but rather rewards developers for hardening certain elements or eliminating known vulnerable libraries, for example.
Besides rewarding ethical hackers from its pocket for responsibly reporting vulnerabilities in third-party open-source projects, Google today announced financial support for open source developers to help them arrange additional resources, prioritizing the security of their products.
The initiative, called "Patch Rewards Program," was launched nearly 6 years ago, under which Google rewards hackers for reporting severe flaws in many widely used open source software, including OpenSSH, OpenSSL, Linux kernel, Apache, Nginx, jQuery, and OpenVPN.
Google LLC said today it’s planning to revamp its six-year-old Patch Rewards program for open-source software developers beginning next year.
Patch Rewards is one of Google’s oldest security programs. It began life in 2013 when the company said it would provide financial aid to developers of open-source projects that implement important security features.
Open source tools have taken center stage in the DevOps toolchain. As organizations become increasingly dependent on open source tools, the risks that affect these tools is transferred to these organizations. To mitigate this risk, it is essential for organizations to practice continuous monitoring of open source tools. Let’s look at the various layers in an open source stack, and identify key points of concern that need monitoring.
Still fearing Huawei is a pipeline for US secrets to be eavesdropped by the Chinese government, the Pentagon is pushing for open-source 5G software to give networks a more trusted alternative. The US Department of Defense has long alleged that Huawei represents compromised security, and has made several attempts to prevent carriers and other American companies from using its networking hardware.
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Now, the US DoD is pushing for an alternative. The agency has apparently been pushing US firms to develop open radio access networks, which would use open-source technologies rather than proprietary systems. As such, customers – like ISPs and carriers – could effectively mix and match hardware, rather than being limited to a single provider.
While the motivation is mistrust of Huawei – one of the key 5G infrastructure vendors – the Pentagon is pitching a different reason to companies, the FT reports. US officials are apparently considering various ways to encourage open-source alternatives, such as promising tax breaks, and warning that those who don’t buy into the idea risk being left behind as the market gathers pace.
In so concluding, the Federal Circuit rejected Hospira’s argument that the jury instructions improperly focused on why each EPO batch was manufactured rather than how the batches were used or whether those uses were reasonably related to the development and submission of information to the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). The court then determined substantial evidence supported the jury’s conclusion that Hospira did not manufacture the 14 batches at issue “solely for uses reasonably related to the development and submission of information” to FDA.
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A jury found that Hospira failed to show the patents invalid by clear and convincing evidence. It further found that Hospira infringed two claims of the ’298 Patent, but not any claims of the ’349 Patent, and that only seven of the 21 accused drug substance batches were entitled to the Safe Harbor defense. The jury awarded Amgen $70 million in damages.
Both Amgen and Hospira moved for JMOL, which the district court denied. On appeal, Hospira challenged (1) the district court’s claim construction, (2) the jury instructions regarding the Safe Harbor defense, (3) the jury’s findings regarding the Safe Harbor defense and denial of JMOL on the Safe Harbor issue, (4) the evidentiary rulings regarding Amgen’s damages expert, and (5) the denial of JMOL of non-infringement and invalidity. On cross appeal, Amgen challenged the district court’s denial of JMOL of infringement of the ’349 Patent and the denial of its motion for a new trial.
A Russian police raid on Nginx's Moscow office last Thursday has raised concerns among users of the popular web and proxy server software.
Several employees, including chief developer Igor Sysoev and co-founder Maxim Konovalov, were interviewed by police over a criminal copyright infringement complaint, The Financial Times reports.
The raid arrived a week after Russian search engine and internet firm Rambler, Sysoev's former employer, claimed full ownership of the Nginx code. Rambler Internet Holding is reportedly requesting $51 million RUB ($810,000), Forbes.ru reports via The Moscow Times.
Nginx, a firm created in 2011 to provide support for users of the eponymous open source web server software, was bought by US firm F5 Networks for $670 million back in March. Nginx was first released in 2004.
In response to queries from The Daily Swig, F5 confirmed the police raid (without elaborating) in what amounts to a holding statement.
"Yesterday [Thursday], Russian police came to the Nginx Moscow office," it said. "We are still gathering the facts and as such we have no further comments to make at this time."
Following intense backlash from the open-source and Russian tech communities, Russian internet company Rambler sait it would drop its criminal case against NGINX Inc, the company behind the world's most popular web server.
Instead, Rambler will pursue any ownership claims over the NGINX source code in civil court, a Rambler spokesperson told ZDNet today.
The decision was taken on Monday in a meeting of Rambler's board of directors. The meeting was called by Sberbank, one of Russia's largest banks and Rambler's largest shareholder, with a stake of 46.5% in the company.
