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ES: Patentes Resumen: Una reforma inconstitucional de Patentes, la Sentencia de Scotus Sobre i4i y los Derechos de Patentes de la Universidad, Más Llamadas por la Abolición de las Patentes de Software

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(ODF | PDF | English/original)

Resumen: Las últimas noticias y comentarios sobre los monopolios de patentes (la mayoría de los Estados Unidos)

● Suprema Corte Señala la Reforma de Patentes es Inconstitucional[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/daniel-b-ravicher/supreme-court-signals-pen_b_873445.html] (por Dan Ravicher, un abogado pro-software libre, tras la decisión de la Scotus sobre i4i[http://techrights.org/wiki/index.php/I4i_vs_Microsoft], cuyas decisiones recientes han sido terribles [1[http://techrights.org/2011/06/02/scotus-vs-freedom-labour/], 2[http://techrights.org/2011/06/10/fine-affecting-ooxml/]])

"El Congreso está, por desgracia, a punto de pasar la llamada "Ley de los Estados Unidos inventa" (S. 23 y HR 1249) que iba a cambiar nuestro sistema de patentes desde el "primero que inventa" del sistema que hemos tenido desde nuestra fundación, al "primer solicitante". Esto no sólo es perjudicial para los pequeños empresarios, sino que también viola el texto mismo de la Constitución, que obliga a las patentes se concederá a los "inventores", no a "los que las registren." Sin duda, la Corte Suprema sólo en esta semana nos recuerda que la Constitución garantiza los derechos de patente se adjudicará a los inventores, no a sus empleadores. En un caso relacionado con la Universidad de Stanford, presidente del Tribunal Supremo John Roberts escribió en la primera frase de su opinión de la Corte, "Desde 1790, la ley de patentes ha operado en la premisa de que los derechos sobre una invención pertenece al inventor." El Presidente del Tribunal Supremo Continuó escribiendo, "Si bien gran parte de la ley de propiedad intelectual ha cambiado en los 220 años transcurridos desde la primera Ley de Patentes, la idea básica de que los inventores tienen derecho a patentar sus inventos no tiene. ... Nuestro precedentes confirman la regla general que los derechos sobre una invención pertenece al inventor. "Por lo tanto, la Corte Suprema, sin duda, cree que el sistema de patentes estadounidense se basa en la concesión de patentes a los inventores. Los estudiosos también coinciden en que el cambio del "primer inventor obtiene la patente" el sistema que tenemos hoy al "primero en presentar una solicitud de patente la obtiene" sistema que está siendo considerado por el Congreso que viola la Constitución.

"Así que uno se queda preguntar, €¿por qué el Congreso a punto de aprobar una ley que beneficiaría a las grandes corporaciones, daño a los pequeños empresarios y violan la Constitución? No sé, pero tal vez si usted llame a su representante (212-224-3121) lo pueden explicar. "


● Scotus hace a lo titulares de patentes felices, mantiene $ 290 millones veredicto Microsoft[http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2011/06/scotus-makes-patent-holders-happy-upholds-290m-microsoft-verdict.ars] (por Timothy B. Lee, que está en contra de la maquinaria de propaganda de patentes)

El The New York Times editorial de apoyo de Microsoft, UCLA, profesor de derecho Doug Lichtman había argumentado que el cambio de la valoración de la prueba sería "dar alivio a las innumerables empresas que hoy se encuentran vulnerables a las patentes que no deberían haber sido expedido en el primer lugar . "Existe una amplia variedad de empresas y grupos de interés público, como Google, Red Hat, Walmart, la Electronic Frontier Foundation y la Fundación de Software Apache, presentaron escritos haciéndose eco de ese punto. Pero la Corte Suprema decidió que cualquiera que sea el mérito de estos argumentos de política, que no podían hacer caso omiso del texto de la ley de patentes y de la historia de los tribunales largo de emplear el estándar más alto.


● Roche gana en Tribunal Superior Límites de la Universidad de los derechos de patente[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-06-06/roche-wins-against-stanford-as-high-court-limits-university-patent-rights.html]

La Corte Suprema de los EE.UU., en un fallo que limita los derechos de patentes de las universidades de investigación, rechazó la demanda de la Universidad de Stanford contra Roche Holding AG (ROG) unidad sobre los métodos para probar la eficacia de los tratamientos contra el SIDA.

Con votación 7-2, los jueces confirmó la conclusión de un tribunal inferior de que un científico que trabajaba en Stanford en Palo Alto, California, transfirió sus derechos a los descubrimientos de una empresa cuya línea de negocio de Roche compró más adelante. Bajo este razonamiento del tribunal, la transferencia realizada a la empresa un co-propietario de tres patentes en disputa.


● Los Inversores Se Quejan Que las Patentes Dañan la Innovación[http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110607/18502014596/investors-speaking-up-about-patents-harming-innovation.shtml]

Dixon señala una parte clave del problema es que tantas patentes son claramente evidentes para cualquier experto en el arte. Señala que cualquier ingeniero competente puede crear lo que se encuentra en la gran mayoría de las patentes de software, y señala que los examinadores simplemente no son lo suficientemente competentes para reconocer lo obvio. Dixon, quien es un inversionista y un empresario a largo plazo, sin duda sabe estas cosas. Lo que es sorprendente para mí, honestamente, es que muy poca gente en Silicon Valley, en realidad piensan las patentes son una buena idea más. El sistema se ha vuelto tan distorsionada que la mayoría de la gente que se supone que los más beneficiados no los quieren, pero se sienten obligados a hacer que por el sistema. Lo que una gran cantidad de residuos, dando lugar a un desastre que frena la innovación.

Wilson hace una declaración de otro tipo que me pareció interesante. Comparó a las patentes de software a patentar la música, señalando que no tiene sentido.


● Las Patentes de Software Debe Ser Abolidas[http://www.marco.org/2011/06/01/software-patents]

La industria del software funciona así, y el uso de las patentes es muy raro en relación a todo el software que está escrito. El mercado premia la innovación aplicada, pero no tratar de inhibir artificialmente la competencia. Combina las mejores partes del capitalismo, la colaboración y el vasto dominio público.

Nuestra industria está en auge, la innovación es rápido y desenfrenado, y todo el mundo para ganarse la vida. El mundo se podrían beneficiar enormemente si las industrias más podría innovar más rápidamente y de manera significativa como en la industria del software. Estamos muy bien, casi en su totalidad sin necesidad de utilizar las patentes.


● El Equilibrio de Patentes [http://www.leancrew.com/all-this/2011/06/the-patent-balance/](Arment Marco está en contra de apuntar alto como la FFII y la FSF)

Mi sensación es que la mayoría de los programadores ahora argumentan en contra de las patentes de software, al igual que Marco. Estamos 30 años en el sistema de patentes de software y vemos sus desventajas: la duración de las patentes es demasiado largo para el software, las patentes de muchos se han emitido, y la extorsión de patentes es recompensada en lugar de castigada. €¿Qué ha pasado?

[...]

Me dijo que en la parte superior que me simpatizan con la idea de que las patentes de software no debería haber permitido. Pero ya sea que se debería haber permitido o no, son un hecho de la vida actual y que no va a cambiar. Si usted piensa que el sistema de patentes está fuera de balance, usted debe trabajar para ponerlo de nuevo en equilibrio, no perseguir una fantasía de volver el tiempo atrás.


Translation produced by Eduardo Landaveri, the esteemed administrator of the Spanish portal of Techrights.

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