The real story about Microsoft's fight against
GNU/Linux at high-street shops

Wal-Mart's proximity to Microsoft -- and by association to Novell -- is something that Shane and I discussed before, but today's antitrust evidence comes from 2006 and it reflects on things that were happening behind the scenes when the press was totally unaware. This exhibit is about what Microsoft called "the Linux threat on the desktop." From Exhibit px09617 [PDF] which comes from Microsoft:

Microtel PCs without an operating system ("naked") first started appearing on Walmart.com in CY 01. We responded by working with Walmart.com on the language that was used to market those PCs. The focus was on "anti-piracy" messages.

The first Microtel Lindows PCs appeared on Walmart.com in June 2002. We are responding with a taskforce and coordinated efforts to understand the situation and intentions of all parties involved.

[...]

There is one critical data point we are missing: volume. Walmart will not disclose the volume of Microtel PCs they are selling, and Microtell has told us they are under a "non-disclosure agreement with Walmart." We have been working on some tactics so attempt to obtain volume estimates, but at this time, we can't confirm any numbers.

[...]

The PR activity and focus from Walmart has definitely increased out efforts to understand the Linux threat on the desktop. Several Linux PCs were purchased and evaluated. See the summary of those findings below.

“Is that retaliation at play? Let’s remember that those who don’t choose Microsoft have the Microsoft executives yell “cut those fuckers off” and then sue them for something. ”Microsoft also writes: "We understand that there has not been a customer satisfaction issue. Walmart sets fairly strict standards for customer return rates and service calls." They were also shipping about $200,000 per week, which must have made them happy with GNU/Linux desktops.

Then Microsoft turns to the dealer at another level: "All of the conversations with Microtel are centered on growing their Microsoft business, and improving the relationship between Microtel and Microsoft. We avoid any direct conversations on Lindows."

Now, pay attention to this part: "Luke is concerned that Microsoft is mad at them for selling Linux PCs." Is that retaliation at play? Let's remember that those who don't choose Microsoft have the Microsoft executives yell “cut those fuckers off” and then sue them for something. On at least 3 separate exhibits that we've found in Comes, the company referred to competition as "Jihad". Even Bill Gates uses this word.

For Wal-Mart, this GNU/Linux project was really successful. Microsoft remarks: "Their goal with Lindows was to hit a very low price point - if it sold, they would keep it, if it didn't they would dump it after 90-120 days. It's selling." In fact, it was also selling later on when Walmart began offering gOS PCs (2007), but we lack evidence to show if Microsoft was involved. It did look highly suspicious at the time.

Microsoft also writes: ""Naked PCs" (no O/S) are still outselling Linux PCs (but not by much)..."

Let us remember that Microsoft said it was "scared" of GNU/Linux. It called it a "huge threat".

Having circulated this for some feedback, we gathered some responses, such as: "Clear evidence that Microsoft hosts meetings on their retail clients and how to undermine them and their competitors by illegally addressing their sales instead of competing with them through better price and products.

"This is habit of drugs induced paranoia driven marketing plops that look closely at money and play blind with regulator and fair trade.

"The retail clients should have nothing to fear."

Another person remarks: "In regards to 'triple-dipping', it really amazes me how none of the major OEMs or content providers have pup to the bat to provide a total stack, e.g. making money from the hosting , the content and then from the consumers - a license to print money ..."

A longer response comes from Rex Ballard, who writes:

"Microsoft has tried a number of tactics against the "No OS" or "Linux on PC" machines.

"These include:

• Filing trademark infringement lawsuits against Lindows (FUD to slow sales).



• Sponsoring the SCO lawsuit against IBM, claiming copyright infringements (FUD to slow sales).



• Claiming that Linux violates Microsoft copyrights and patents, yet refusing to identify the infringing code so it could be replaced. (More FUD)



• Threatening Retailers - telling them they can't turn on Windows PCs while Linux PCs are on.



• Vapor-Ware - XP, Longhorn, Vista. - for almost 25 years. (Latest being Windows 7).



• Attempt to gain control of advertising revenue by going against Google.



• Attempt to limit coverage - by getting placement control of OEM advertizing as well as their own $4 billion budget - possibly a total of $40 billion in "leverage".



• Filing Piracy lawsuits against Retailers who offer Linux instead of Windows.



• OEM contracts force OEM to exclude Linux.

Appendix: Comes vs. Microsoft - exhibit px09617, as text

Confidential Memo

To: Microsoft Internal
From: Walmart/Linux Taskforce: Robin Bradshaw, Christine Briggs, Mark Croft David Hoffman & Tom Perrier
CC: Rogers Weed
Date: May 16, 2006

Microtel PCs without an operating system ("naked") first started appearing on Walmart.com in CY 01. We responded by working with Walmart.com on the language that was used to market those PCs. The focus was on "anti-piracy" messages.

The first Microtel Lindows PCs appeared on Walmart.com in June 2002. We are responding with a taskforce and coordinated efforts to understand the situation and intentions of all parties involved.

To date, there has been a lot of press about the Linux PCs selling on Walmart.com (See attached list of articles.) The media has been mixed, some telling a positive story about the Linux efforts and some pointing out the flaws in the offerings. One consistent message is that these are "substandard" PCs based on today's technology advances.

There is one critical data point we are missing: volume. Walmart will not disclose the volume of Microtel PCs they are selling, and Microtell has told us they are under a "non-disclosure agreement with Walmart." We have been working on some tactics so attempt to obtain volume estimates, but at this time, we can't confirm any numbers.

- We understand that Microtel is shipping approximately 100 units per week on Walmart.com orders.
- We understand that most of the volume is at the $199 price point.
- We understand that most of those systems are shipping with NO OS. (Naked Systems)
- We understand that there has not been a customer satisfaction issue. Walmart sets fairly strict standards for customer return rates and service calls.

The PR activity and focus from Walmart has definitely increased out efforts to understand the Linux threat on the desktop. Several Linux PCs were purchased and evaluated. See the summary of those findings below.

Abcdefghijklmnop.....

Microtel is a small system builder in the City of Industry California. A couple of principles in the company came from a previous OEM Mitsuba. Microsoft filed suit against them in _____ for piracy and they went out of business. They haven't been proponents of Microsoft, their volumes haven't warranted direct account management, and we just began to engage and build a relationship with them in 2002.

We started to engage with Microtel in the beginning of FY02, but the AM was met with a closed door and had little if no success. When the Lindows issue broke, Tom Perrier (tperrier), Microsoft System Builder RSM, discovered that Rich Hindman was their VP of Sales/Marketing (from Mitsuba). Tom had worked with Rich prior at AST Computer. Tat got us in the door and Rich is open to work on the relationship with Microsoft and Tom, but isn't sharing any information regarding their plans of volume. This is a summary of his progress with Rich:

1.) Continue the engagement with Rich Hindman to focus on strategies to differentiate the offerings as Microtel introduces a new wave of SKU's. This will separate the offerings and focus on the added value of the Windows based systems. (Avoid the current situation where the $299 Windows Home SKU is the same config as Lindows model but $100 more for the same model with XP Home, with no other differentiation). This can be accomplished with scenarios like the Office XP 20-Day trial (in place today).

2.) They are still very "non-disclosure" oriented. I tried and tried, but could not get Rich to divulge any shipment data. I continue to think that the shipments out of their facility in City of Industry are small. In addition, Rich would not give me any real data for the current PRM Account Profiling that we are doing.

3.) All of the conversations with Microtel are centered on growing their Microsoft business, and improving the relationship between Microtel and Microsoft. We avoid any direct conversations on Lindows.

4.) Rich realizes and states that Microtel is getting increased focus and attention based upon their offerings on the Wal-Mart.com site. He will continue to take advantage of these opportunities as they arise.

5.) In developing the relationship with the local VIA Sales Rep, Roger Goh (rogergoh), System Builder AM was able to determine that the systems built for Walmart.com are build somewhere on the east coast, and the volume is approx 1000 a week. He was not able to get the mix.

Tom has been working closely with the taskforce team and David Hoffman on driving a longer term strategy with Walmart.com. Microtel seems willing to do the implementation.

Retail relationship efforts have been historically focused on Walmart corporate and not walmart.com. There is a high level of autonomy at walmart.com. They are not managed under the same guidelines and processes as Walmart corporate. They are making their own decisions about product offerings. Luke Ellison is the Technology Manager at Walmart.com. David Hofman, Microsoft HRD Account Manager, has developed a relationship with Luke. He is eager to work on some additional Microsoft programs with David, but isn't sharing too much regarding their Linux plans. This a summary of his meetings with Luke:

1.) Luke is concerned that Microsoft is mad at them for selling Linux PCs.
a. He wanted to make sure that we knew that www.wal-mart.com is very "pro-Microsoft"
b. They feel that customers that purchase Linux PCs were never a "Microsoft" customer anyway, and that by offering Linux PCs, they were broadening their customer base
c. Their goal with Lindows was to hit a very low price point - if it sold, they would keep it, if it didn't they would dump it after 90-120 days. It's selling.

2.) "Naked PCs" (no O/S) are still outselling Linux PCs (but not by much)
a. They plan to start selling Windows XP OEM (bundled with mouse) as a standalone product (technically this is legit)

3.) All the machines are build-to-order and that www.wal-mart.com carries no inventory.

4.) They are currently working on a way to offer additional software bundles with all of their PCs (like Office, Anti-Virus, etc.)

5.) He mentioned that Microtel was upset about the E-machines deal with Wal-Mart retail, but that Wal-Mart didn't think Microtel could handle being a retail partner - it was just too big of a job for them.

David is working with Walmart.com to help them promote the Windows XP PCs that are listed on walmart.com today. In an effort to differentiate the Windows XP PC from the Linux PC, we are working on a consumer software title bundle to promote as part of the purchase of the Windows XP machine.

1.) Continue the relationship efforts with Microtel and Walmart.com. (Tom Perrier & David Hoffman)

2.) Develop a deeper understanding of the Linux efforts at other System Builders and OEMs in the US. (Datel, ZT Group, MEI etc) (Tom Perrier & Ken Goetsch)

3.) Work with Windows Team to understand options for a Windows XP eval solution. (Mark Croft)

4.) Stay close to HP and eMachines (to oOEMs selling PCs at Walmart) to understand their efforts and position in the account.

DRAFT

http://www.startribune.com/stories/789/3341339.html

http://mslibrary/news/elecpub/csn

http://msnbc.com/news/813350.asp

http://www.pcmag.com/print_article/0,3048,a=30914,00.asp

http://www.desktoplinux.com/news/NS9675669942.html

http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,3973,491621,00.asp

http://newsforge.com/newsforge/02/08/22/1855237.shtml?tid=23

http://biz.yahoo.com/fo/020821/doesn t do windows 3.html

Wal-Mart Sells Windows-Less Computers
Associated Press
Silicon Valley.com

USA Today: http://www.usatoday.com/life/cyber/tech/review/2002-07-17-walmart-computers x.htm

Linux finds fans at Wal-Mart
C/Net:

Sun, Lindows.com Strike Deal
Internet.com: http://www.internetnews.com/ent-news/article.php/1404731

Mandrake on Lindows
C/Net:

http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A35576-2002Jul20?language-printer

http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentID=A35576-2002Jul20¬Found=true

http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0.4149.470658.00.asp

http://www.pcmag.com/print article/0,3048,a-30914,00.asp