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Links 10/06/2022: Cockpit 271 and More



  • GNU/Linux

    • Desktop/Laptop

    • Server/Istio

      • ISTIO-SECURITY-2022-005

        CVE-2022-31045 (CVSS score 5.9, Medium): Memory access violation Ill-formed headers sent to Envoy in certain configurations can lead to unexpected memory access, resulting in undefined behavior or crashing.

      • Announcing Istio 1.14.1

        This release fixes the security vulnerabilities described in our June 9th post, ISTIO-SECURITY-2022-005. This release note describes what’s different between Istio 1.14.0 and 1.14.1.

      • Announcing Istio 1.13.5

        This release fixes the security vulnerabilities described in our June 9th post, ISTIO-SECURITY-2022-005. This release note describes what’s different between Istio 1.13.4 and 1.13.5.

      • Announcing Istio 1.12.8

        This release fixes the security vulnerabilities described in our June 9th post, ISTIO-SECURITY-2022-005. This release note describes what’s different between Istio 1.12.7 and 1.12.8.

    • Audiocasts/Shows

    • Kernel Space

      • The Register UKApple offers improved Linux support in macOS Ventura

        Apple is extending support for its Rosetta 2 x86-64-to-Arm binary translator to Linux VMs running under the forthcoming macOS 13, codenamed Ventura.

        The next version of macOS was announced at Apple's World Wide Developer Conference on Monday, and the new release has a number of changes that will be significant to Linux users. The company has disclosed the system requirements for the beta OS, which you can read on the preview page.

        One level of Linux relevance is that macOS 13 still supports Intel-based Macs, but only recent ones, made in 2017 and later. So owners of older machines – including the author – will soon be cut off. Some will run Windows on them via Bootcamp, but others will, of course, turn to Linux.

      • LiliputingNow you can boot Linux on Apple devices with A7 and A8 series chips

        Apple makes it famously difficult to run anything other than iOS on iPhones and iPads. But from time to time hackers have found ways to install different operating systems.

        The latest example? Now you can boot Linux on iPhones, iPads, and other devices released around 2013 and 2014 thanks to a new project from Kondrad Dybcio and Markuss Broks.

    • Graphics Stack

      • CollaboraBridging the synchronization gap on Linux

        With older graphics APIs like OpenGL, the client makes a series of API calls, each of which either mutates some bit of state or performs a draw operation. There are a number of techniques that have been used over the years to parallelize the rendering work, but the implementation has to ensure that everything appears to happen in order from the client's perspective. While this served us well for years, it's become harder and harder to keep the GPU fully occupied. Games and other 3D applications have gotten more complex and need multiple CPU cores in order to have enough processing power to reliably render their entire scene in less than 16 milliseconds and achieve a smooth 60 frames per second. GPUs have also gotten larger with more parallelism, and there's only so much a driver can do behind the client's back to parallelize things.

        To improve both GPU and CPU utilization, modern APIs like Vulkan take a different approach. Most Vulkan objects such as images are immutable: while the underlying image contents may change, the fundamental properties of the image such as its dimensions, color format, and number of miplevels do not. This is different from OpenGL where the application can change any property of anything at any time. To draw, the client records sequences of rendering commands in command buffers which are submitted to the GPU as a separate step. The command buffers themselves are still stateful, and the recorded commands have the same in-order guarantees as OpenGL. However, the state and ordering guarantees only apply within the command buffer, making it safe to record multiple command buffers simultaneously from different threads. The client only needs to synchronize between threads at the last moment when they submit those command buffers to the GPU. Vulkan also allows the driver to expose multiple hardware work queues of different types which all run in parallel. Getting the most out of a large desktop GPU often requires having 3D rendering, compute, and image/buffer copy (DMA) work happening all at the same time and in parallel with the CPU prep work for the next batch of GPU work.

        Enabling all this additional CPU and GPU parallelism comes at a cost: synchronization. One piece of GPU work may depend on other pieces of GPU work, possibly on a different queue. For instance, you may upload a texture on a copy queue and then use that texture on a 3D queue. Because command buffers can be built in parallel and the driver has no idea what the client is actually trying to do, the client has to explicitly provide that dependency information to the driver. In Vulkan, this is done through VkSemaphore objects. If command buffers are the nodes in the dependency graph of work to be done, semaphores are the edges. When a command buffer is submitted to a queue, the client provides two sets of semaphores: a set to wait on before executing the command buffer and a set to signal when the command buffer completes. In our texture upload example, the client would tell the driver to signal a semaphore when the texture upload operation completes and then have it wait on that same semaphore before doing the 3D rendering which uses the texture. This allows the client to take advantage of as much parallelism as it can manage while still having things happen in the correct order as needed.

    • Applications

      • Ubuntu PitTop 20 Best Linux Remote Desktop Clients in 2022 (Fast & Secure)

        Whether you are a developer or administrator, or even a traveler, you might want to access the remote desktop to perform any task, including mounting remote directories, cleaning remote databases, or even backing remote servers. If you are a Linux user, in this situation, the Linux remote desktop clients help to communicate with the remote RDP server for easy access. There are many remote desktop protocols available for performing the task of remote system access. It’s a communication between the server and client software.

        Linux has the default SSH remote access tool to perform this sort of job, but as it’s done through the terminal, so many users do not feel comfortable using it. Besides using the terminal, you can also use GUI based remote desktop client for your Linux system.

    • Instructionals/Technical

      • DTSailfish OS - Command Line Interface & Customisation | dt.iki.fi

        MTP (the same protocol Android devices use) will expose the /home/nemo folder to the connecting computer, both to graphical and command line applications. But it hides some files and folders from the connected system.

        A more powerful way is to connect through a terminal via SSH, as explained here.

        The phone's shell and my beloved URxvt terminal emulator have difficulties communicating. I installed xterm on my computer and am using this to connect to the phone. Works perfectly.

        Of course one can always use the terminal app directly on the phone. It gives full access to the system via devel-su, just as via SSH.

      • Install Portainer on Ubuntu 22.04

        In this tutorial, you will learn how to install Portainer on Ubuntu 22.04. Portainer is a self-service container service delivery platform that provides container management GUI for Kubernetes, Docker and Swarm.

      • Linux Made SimpleHow to install Sonic Robo Blast 2 on a Chromebook

        Today we are looking at how to install Sonic Robo Blast 2 on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below.

      • CitizixHow to install and configure Gatus for health check monitoring Using Docker Compose

        Gatus is a health dashboard that gives you the ability to monitor your services using HTTP, ICMP, TCP, and even DNS queries as well as evaluate the result of said queries by using a list of conditions on values like the status code, the response time, the certificate expiration, the body and many others. The icing on top is that each of these health checks can be paired with alerting via Slack, PagerDuty, Discord, Twilio and more.

        In this guide, we will configure Gatus as a health dashboard tool using docker compose.

      • Network WorldUsing htop to check performance on Linux

        While it's one of the best tools for examining performance on Linux, htop still requires some explanation before you'll be ready to take advantage of all the data it displays. It’s an excellent tool, but you need to understand the coloring scheme, how to scroll up and down through the processes displayed, and how to change your view of what’s happening on the system.

  • Distributions and Operating Systems

    • Haiku Activity & Contract Report: May 2022

      As now seems to be the usual way of things, the monthly Activity Report is hereby combined with my Contract Report.

      This report covers hrev56088 to hrev56147.

      Before I get into the development items from May, you may want to know that, though it has not been formally announced yet, you can now donate to Haiku, Inc. (and thus support my ongoing contract) through GitHub Sponsors!

      Applications PulkoMandy fixed text in the status view being cut off in Installer.

      Jim906 improved window cascading in FileTypes.

      jadedctrl added per-track scripting support to MediaPlayer. Now you can use hey (or another interface to Haiku’s scripting suites system) to control MediaPlayer’s playlist.

      korli added more vendor identifiers to Screen preferences, so that it can identify monitor manufacturers more accurately.

      apl fixed version date updates in HaikuDepot. He also fixed more properly a crash which waddlesplash had implemented a workaround for last time.

      dcieslak fixed locale-aware display in DeskCalc, which had been somewhat broken by his changes last time.

      Jim906 fixed WebPositive to not display the “…” icon on the bookmark bar when the overflow menu would be empty.

    • FreeBSDFreeBSD January to March 2022 Status Report
    • Fedora Project / Red Hat

      • Fedora ProjectFedora Community Blog: Community Blog monthly summary: May 2022

        In May, we published 17 posts. The site had 7,126 visits from 4,510 unique viewers. 2,591 visits came from search engines, while 61 came from Fedora Discussion and 58 came from Twitter.

        The most read post last month was Help Us Test Fedora Linux 36 Beta wallpaper with 758 views. The most read post written last month was Nest With Fedora: Call for proposals and sponsors with 116 views.

      • EBS Storage Performance Notes – Instance throughput vs Volume throughput

        This is important because we have to be aware of the Maximum Total Throughput Capacity for a specific volume vs the Maximum Total Instance Throughput.

        Because, if your instance type (or server) is able to produce a throughput of 1250MiB/s (i.e M4.16xl)) and your EBS Maximum Throughput is 500MiB/s (i.e. ST1), not only you will hit a bottleneck trying to write to the specific volumes, but also throttling might occur (i.e. EBS on cloud services).

      • Cockpit Project: Cockpit 271

        Cockpit is the modern Linux admin interface. We release regularly.

      • Silicon AngleThree insights you might have missed from KubeCon + CloudNativeCon EU [Ed: "Disclosure: TheCUBE is a paid media partner for the KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe event." This is paid-for "media" "coverage" -- a growing and disturbing trend]

        If there has been a slowdown in the rush to build new technologies for the Kubernetes and cloud-native world, there wasn’t any sign of it in Valencia, Spain, during the recent KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe event.

        The show was a sellout this year, with more than 7,500 attendees. Perhaps even more significant was that 65% of them attended the gathering for the first time. Attendees included a portion of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s 7.1 million cloud-native developers, who gathered to hear the latest on the non-profit’s more than 120 active projects.

      • Enterprisers Project3 IT hiring myths about generational differences

        Generational stereotypes aren’t always insulting, but they can be harmful and limit our ability to design and deliver the solutions users want. Many people tend to think of the youngest generation of workers as the most innovative and the oldest as technophobic and resistant to change.

        While that perception may be true of some people in each generation, it is generally not supported by data. Here are three generational myths worth dispelling.

      • Enterprisers ProjectDigital transformation: 3 ways it changes companies

        I’ve worked on intelligent automation projects with many organizations worldwide, and there is no doubt: The digital transformation process has a huge impact – not only by bringing about obvious initial change but also by affecting business leaders’ outlook for the future.

        One common result is they want more, expect more, and invest more. Here’s why.

      • Red Hat OfficialUsing Multipath TCP to better survive outages and increase bandwidth

        MultiPath TCP (MPTCP) gives you a way to bundle multiple paths between systems to increase bandwidth and resilience from failures. Here we show you how to configure a basic setup so you can try out MPTCP, using two virtual guests. We’ll then look at the details of a real world scenario, measuring bandwidth and latency when single links disappear.

      • systemd-oomd issues on desktop [Ed: Systemd is IBM]
        
        

        During the 22.04 cycle, we enabled systemd-oomd [1] by default on desktop. Since then, there have been reports of systemd-oomd killing user applications too frequently (e.g. browsers, IDEs, and gnome-shell in some cases). In addition to a couple of LPs [2][3], I have heard these reports by word-of-mouth, and there have been discussions on internal Mattermost. A common theme in these reports is that e.g. Chrome is killed "suddenly" without any other observable symptoms of the system nearing OOM.

        For more context, systemd-oomd basically has two methods for deciding a unit's cgroup is a candidate for OOM kill:

        1. When total system memory usage _and_ swap usage both exceed SwapUsedLimit (90% by default, and on Ubuntu) [4], monitored cgoups with greater than 5% swap usage become OOM kill candidates, and cgroups with the highest swap usage are acted on first.

        2. When a unit's cgroup memory pressure exceeds MemoryPressureLimit [5] for at least MemoryPressureDurationSec [6], monitored descendant cgroups will be acted on starting from the ones with the most reclaim activity to the least reclaim activity.

        In the reports I refer to above, applications are being killed due to (1). In practice, the SwapUsedLimit might be too easy to reach on Ubuntu, largely because Ubuntu provides just 1GB of swap. Since we follow the suggestion of setting ManagedOOMSwap=kill on the root slice [7], every cgroup is eligible for swap kill. When this condition is met, user applications like browsers are going to be killed first.

        While investigating [2], we patched upstream systemd-oomd to fix how "used memory" was calculated, and we brought the patch into Jammy. This may have helped the situation a bit, but it does not appear this was enough to fix the issue entirely.

        Given the current situation, I think we should re-consider how systemd-oomd is configured on Ubuntu. These are the options that come to mind:

        1. Increase SwapUsedLimit (again, currently at 90%). I think this is probably the safest change, but it is not clear to me how significant of an impact this would have.

        2. Set ManagedOOMSwap more selectively. Again, we currently follow the recommendation of setting ManagedOOMSwap=kill on the root slice (-.slice), so every descendant cgroup is a candidate for swap kill. It _might_ be effective to say "do not swap kill cgroups descendant of user's app.slice". The downsides of this approach would be that the configuration does not scale well (i.e. a lot more configuration needed to get the proper swap kill "coverage"), and this may just place the problem onto a different class of processes.

        3. Do not enable swap kill at all. This would mean systemd-oomd would only act when memory pressure limits are reached. Given Ubuntu's swap configuration, does it make sense for systemd-oomd to act on high swap usage?

        4. Increase swap on Ubuntu. I am adding this for completeness, but I doubt this is a viable option.

        I think that either option (1) or (3) would be the most reasonable -- maybe trying (1) first and falling back to (3) if necessary. If anyone has an opinion on this, or can think of other options, I would appreciate the input.

        Thanks,

        Nick 'enr0n' Rosbrook

    • Open Hardware/Modding

      • ArduinoGraffiti robot paints like a human | Arduino Blog

        Robots are capable of far more precise and accurate motion than humans are. That is great when you want a robot to assemble a PCB or perform heart surgery. But it’s a problem when you want robots do something creative — they’re just too perfect. The lack of human-introduced flaws makes robot artwork feel soulless. To overcome that, Georgia Tech graduate students built a graffiti robot called GTGraffiti that paints with the fluidity of a human.

        GTGraffiti is a cable-driven robot can cover huge canvasses and even entire walls. Four winch mechanisms connect to the four corners of the robot via cable wires. By increasing or decreasing the length of each cable, the robot can position itself at any XY coordinate on the work surface. The robot end effector that hangs from the cables carries a can of spray paint, which it can actuate on demand. ODrive 56V motors turn the winches and a Teensy development board controls those through ODrive drivers. The spray can actuator utilizes a hobby servo motor controlled by an Arduino Nano board, which receives power from a 10,000mAh USB batter pack.

      • ArduinoAutomated window system helps keep the greenhouse climate regulated | Arduino Blog

        Greenhouses are excellent ways to grow plants due to their compact nature and the fact that they can absorb and store the sun’s light as heat to keep their internal temperature higher than outside. But when it comes to adding ventilation for cooling things down, decreasing the humidity, or simply to avoid rain, most non-commercial ones still rely on someone to manually open or close the windows. This need for automation is what drove Michael Bernhard to create his own greenhouse climate regulation system.

        This project relies on a Nano Every to read the ambient temperature/humidity as well as control up to six motorized windows via three L298N dual H-bridge drivers. The Nano receives commands and other data over WiFi from an accompanying ESP8266 board for wireless remote control with a mobile phone. Each of these components and their connectors were added to a custom PCB and placed within a simple wooden enclosure to keep moisture out. An LCD at the top shows pertinent information such as the time, temperature, and humidity.

      • peppe8oCurrent Sensor (ACS712) with Arduino UNO: Using the Hall Effect

        To measure the current passing through the wire, ACS712 is the best current sensor to deal with, as it can measure up to 5A

        In this tutorial, we’ll interface the current sensor (ACS712) with Arduino Uno, dealing with current sensing and utilization for current control. This tutorial provides the coding, wiring diagram and component list.

  • Free, Libre, and Open Source Software

    • OSI BlogThe OSI celebrates maintainer month

      There are all sorts of people maintaining Open Source software, from developers to quality assurance, project managers, tech writers and June is time to celebrate them all. Whether they do this as a hobby or as a well-paid job, thank you! There are lots of initiatives around the world worth following this month. Check the schedule published by GitHub and submit your pull requests to add other events. We’ll be in Austin for the Open Source Summit (June 20-24): Are you going, too? I’d love to meet and say thanks in person!

    • Programming/Development

      • Linux Plumbers Conference (LPC)Registration for Linux Plumbers Conference is now open

        We hope very much to see you in Dublin in September (12-14th). Please visit our attend page for all the details.

      • LibreOffice QA/Dev Report: May 2022

        LibreOffice 7.2.7 was released on May, 12

        LibreOffice 7.3.3 was released on May, 5

      • KDABinstall_name_tool and Universal Binaries

        With Apple moving to Apple Silicon for all of their new products, software developers are having to figure out how to support both Intel and Apple Silicon devices. Like some of our customers, you may not be ready to move to Apple Silicon. Unfortunately, that doesn’t necessarily exempt you from dealing with universal binaries, especially when it comes to third party dependencies.

      • QtScalability to the Max – MCU and MPU Development with the Same License [Ed: Qt pitching proprietary software]

        Developing a portfolio of devices cost-effectively can be challenging. It helps when you need only one development tool for any hardware technology.

      • Enrico Zini: Updating cbqt for bullseye

        Back in 2017 I did work to setup a cross-building toolchain for QT Creator, that takes advantage of Debian's packaging for all the dependency ecosystem.

        It ended with cbqt which is a little script that sets up a chroot to hold cross-build-dependencies, to avoid conflicting with packages in the host system, and sets up a qmake alternative to make use of them.

        Today I'm dusting off that work, to ensure it works on Debian bullseye.

      • Perl / Raku

        • Taint in Perl

          The "taint" always bothered me. I thought I knew it well but no. The obvious question, can I show a working example?

  • Leftovers

    • Hardware

      • Linux GizmosTopaz 2 mini PC from Simply NUC comes with Intel 12th-gen processors, quad-displays and dual ethernet ports

        Simply NUC launched the Topaz 2 mini PC which can accommodate the “Alder Lake” processors from Intel. The Intel Core i3 based mini PC is available for $599, the Intel Core i5 model for $699 and the Intel Core i7 model starts at $849. The Topaz 2 is ready for pre-orders and shipping is expected around July 2022.

        All the processors supported by the Topaz 2 offer 12 cores and 16 threads. The Topaz 2 i3 and i5 variations can reach a maximum frequency of 4.40GHz with Turbo Boost, while the i7 variation can reach up to 4.70GHz. Simply NUC also specified that the 12th-Gen processors integrated on the Topaz 2 feature Intel Iris Xe Graphics instead of the Intel UHD Graphics 770.

      • CNX SoftwareLimeSDR Mini 2.0 USB SDR board gets an upgrade to Lattice Semi ECP5 FPGA (Crowdfunding)

        The LimeSDR Mini is an open-source hardware full-duplex USB SDR board based on Intel Altera Max 10 Altera FGPA that was introduced in 2017 on Crowd Supply and raised close to $2 million US dollars. Since it has been used in various projects including digital TV transmitters.

    • Proprietary

      • OMG UbuntuPing – Vivaldi Mail is Stable, Ready for Everyday Use

        The latest version of the Vivaldi web browser comes with an email client, calendar tool, and RSS feed reader built-in.

        I sometimes refer to this Chromium-based browser as the Swiss-army knife of software due to its gargantuan array of of options, preferences, and feature integrations it makes available to users out-of-the-box (which range from arcade games to productivity timers to note-taking).

        Today, Vivaldi introduces Vivaldi Mail 1.0. This is a fully-fledged desktop email client that is built-in to the browser. It supports multiple email accounts (including popular web mail services like Google and Fastmail, etc), search, and calendar and RSS feeds.

      • GhacksOpera 88 launches with Shopping Corner feature - gHacks Tech News

        Opera Software released Opera 88 Stable this week. The new version of the web browser introduces support for horizontal tab scrolling and a new feature that Opera Software calls Shopping Corner.

    • Pseudo-Open Source

      • Openwashing

        • Luis Villa: Water on the brain; joining OpenET board

          Quite related, I’ve joined the board of OpenET to help bring open data on evapotranspiration (a key part of the water cycle) to Colorado River water management, and eventually to the whole world. I’ll be advising on both basics like licensing and of course the more complex bits like economic sustainability, where (via Tidelift) my head mostly is these days.

          Many thanks to John Fleck (GNOME documentation project, ret.) for dragging my head into this space years ago by writing about it so well for so long.

    • Linux Foundation

      • Linux Foundation's Site/BlogLFX Mentorship for Me

        Hi everyone, I recently completed my LFX Mentorship project. I was a mentee for the LFXM summer term of 2022 at Pixie, a CNCF sandbox project donated by The New Relic.

    • Security

      • CISACISA Adds Three Known Exploited Vulnerabilities to Catalog   | CISA [Ed: Lots of Microsoft and now SAP, SAP, SAP, i.e. proprietary holes that have no patches for them and are actively exploited already]

        CISA has added three new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. These types of vulnerabilities are a frequent attack vector for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risk to the federal enterprise. Note: to view the newly added vulnerabilities in the catalog, click on the arrow in the "Date Added to Catalog" column, which will sort by descending dates.

    • Environment



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