CIQ and Google Cloud have joined forces to provide mutual customers a direct and unified best-in-class support experience for Rocky Linux.
Hello! I hope you are doing well.
We had a peaceful week, after all the Beta releases of the previous week. So many links this week.
SELKS 7 , MX Linux 21.1 and KDE neon 20220407 have been released this week.
On this episode of This Week in Linux: Unreal Engine 5, Endeavour OS, Fedora Change Proposals, Linux Mint New Upgrade Tool, Unsnap Tool to Migrate to Flatpaks, Elementary OS Drama, Raspberry Pi OS Update, CentOS Hyperscale Update, Firefox 99, Shotcut Video Editor, LXD Containers and Claws Mail. All that and much more on Your Weekly Source for Linux GNews!
Wine is basically an almost complete reimplementation of multiple Windows APIs in a format that Linux can understand. So you're not running a virtual machine, or emulating the system, you HAVE a whole windows environment, except it's not developed by Microsoft, and you don't need a copy of windows to use it.
openSUSE is undeniably, one of the biggest names in the Linux world. It is the professionals' choice. Used by advanced users in development environments and servers extensively, openSUSE provides a very refined and robust computing experience.
It's a question that I constantly get asked: "What can I do to learn Linux?" I typically respond to such a general question with "Just use Linux." But today, I decided to answer the question in more detail, by listing out the top five things that helped me learn more about Linux.
Recently I was having some pretty serious system issues and I had no idea what the cause was but it was causing my system to crash so I had to sit down and work out the problem, and this is my journey
In this video, we are looking at how to install Pinta on Debian 11.
It's Sunday afternoon for me, which means "rc release time". Things look fairly normal here, although it's early in the release cycle so it's a bit hard to say for sure. But at least it's not looking particularly odd, and we have fixes all over.
Drivers is the bulk of it, and there's a little bit of everything here, although the AMD GPU driver fixes are perhaps the most noticeable. But there's also networking, scsi, rdma, block, you name it...
On the non-driver side, we've got a bump in the diffstat for the static call infrastructure, but that's really just code movement. The actual changes are more spread out than that bump would imply, and are generally pretty small. There's some filesystem fixes, core networking, and obviously the usual architecture work.
And as has been the case lately, there's the usual tooling updates - selftests and perf.
Full shortlog appended, it's not exactly tiny, but it's easy enough to scroll through to get a feel for what's been going on.
Testing appreciated as always, Linus
 Google has a firm grip on the desktop. Their products and services are ubiquitous. Don’t get us wrong, we’re long-standing admirers of many of Google’s products and services. They are often high quality, easy to use, and ‘free’, but there can be downsides of over-reliance on a specific company. For example, there are concerns about their privacy policies, business practices, and an almost insatiable desire to control all of our data, all of the time.
What if you are looking to move away from Google and embark on a new world of online freedom, where you are not constantly tracked, monetised and attached to Google’s ecosystem.
In this series we explore how you can migrate from Google without missing out on anything. We recommend open source solutions.
Today we are looking at how to install SuperTuxKart on a Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we explain the process step by step and use the commands below.
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Linux Kernel 5.17 on Rocky Linux 8. For those of you who didn’t know, The Linux kernel is the main component of a Linux operating system (OS) and is the core interface between a computer’s hardware and its processes. Linus Torvalds announced the Linux Kernel 5.17 after a few weeks of development and it is available for general usage. Linux Kernel 5.17 was released with new features and support.
This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Linux Kernel 5.17 on Rocky Linux. 8.
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install LightZone on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, LightZone is a free, open-source digital photo editor application that is one of the best alternatives to Adobe Lightroom. It is a non-destructive editor that enables users to copy the batch of photos with a single click. Users can build up a stack of tools that can be rearranged, readjusted, and turned off & on. LightZone is a multiplatform program, it already works on Windows, macOS, and Linux.
This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the LightZone image editor on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Nginx Web Server on Rocky Linux 8. For those of you who didn’t know, Nginx is a free and open-source webserver. It is a high-performance HTTP server and reverses proxy. Nginx is also used as a load balancer, HTTP cache, and mail proxy. Compared to Apache, Nginx is a highââ¬âperformance, highly scalable, and highly available web server.
This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Nginx Web Server on Rocky Linux. 8.
CMake is a free, open-source, cross-platform compiler designed to build native environments, generate wrappers, and build executables in arbitrary combinations. CMake is popular due to its cross-platform so that developers using the build system work the way they’re used to.
In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install CMake on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish using the command line terminal using the APT method and downloading and compiling manually for users that want to maintain manually the latest version at all times.
Okular is a free and open-source multiplatform document viewer developed by the KDE community and based on Qt and KDE Frameworks libraries. The document viewer is distributed as part of the KDE Applications bundle. Its origins are from KPDF, and it replaces KPDF, KGhostView, KFax, KFaxview, and KDVI in KDE 4.
WonderCMS is a fast and straightforward content management system requiring no database to create websites. It offers rich features such as a custom login URL, SEO friendly design with WYSIWYG elements for editing your site in plain text or HTML code formats; flexible CSS framework so you can change up the look on individual pages without affecting other parts of the webpage, including headings/font sizes, etc. Along with native markdown support, which allows users easy ways to publish articles online using only paragraphs.
In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install WonderCMS using Nginx and PHP along with importing up-to-date repositories or using the default version and how to create a server block and set it up using the command line terminal on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish desktop or server.
Vesta Control Panel is a simple and clever web hosting control panel. It has the fine touch of Softaculus auto installer that is able to install more than 439 apps with one click. It also supports a great ton of features such as a built-in command-line interface, and Softaculus which you can focus on using the apps rather than installing. Has support for commercial plugins such as SFTP Chroot.
In this tutorial, I will take you through the installation and configuration of the Vesta control panel step by step.
WordPress is the most dominant content management system written in PHP, combined with MySQL or MariaDB database. You can create and maintain a site without prior web development or coding knowledge. The first version of WordPress was created in 2003 by Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little and is now used by 70% of the known web market, according to W3Tech. WordPress comes in two versions: the free open source WordPress.org and WordPress.com, a paid service that starts at $5 per month up to $59. Using this content management system is easy and often seen as a stepping stone for making a blog or similar featured site.
In the following tutorial, you will learn how to install self-hosted WordPress using the Nginx, MariaDB, and PHP versions available on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish, which can be installed on a desktop or but mostly CMS stacks such as this are installed on headless servers such as Ubuntu server. The tutorial will cover some essential points. Further reading into securing your WordPress site and customizing the back-end/front end will be required, and no Linux tutorial can cover this in one hit.
This simple tutorial shows how to enable Secure Shell (SSH) in Ubuntu 22.04, so you can login remotely and transfer data securely via the cryptographic network protocol.
Ubuntu uses OpenSSH to provide Secure Shell services. The client is pre-installed with out-of-the-box support for connecting to remove SSH server. The server package is available in system repository but not installed by default.
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Photivo on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Photivo is a free and open-source user-friendly photo processor that allows you to quickly modify and adjust bitmap (TIFF, JPEG, BMP, PNG, and many more) and RAW images. It’s a cross-platform application available for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.
This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the Photivo RAW file processor on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.
DeBarros, currently a data editor at the Wall Street Journal, pulls from his practical experience in journalism to teach readers how to tell stories with data. The book consists of an introduction, 20 chapters, and several appendices. The introduction sets the tone for the book, explaining what the book is about and who it is for, and the 20 chapters teach lessons about various database topics. Chapter 1 is the traditional "how to set up your environment" chapter and covers how to install PostgreSQL on Windows, macOS, or Linux (specifically, Ubuntu). The following chapters cover the basics of working with SQL databases, like creating databases and tables, performing basic queries, understanding data types, importing and exporting data, and basic math and stats functions. The chapters then progress to more complex topics like joining tables and extracting, inspecting, and modifying data. By the time the reader reaches the book's midpoint, they should have a solid understanding of how databases work.
After switching from the Debian distribution to AlmaLinux, I have found that bash-completion is not working when I press the TAB button for the next available suggestion
I am very used to the bash-completion feature as it makes my job very easy. Can you tell me the steps to turn on this feature on my AlmaLinux machine?
PC gamers have been ardently waiting to play Apex Legends on Linux and now they finally have the opportunity to do so. Even if it has not been officially revealed by the developers, many players have already tried it out and are happy with the results.
Moreover, the battle royale game comes equipped with Easy Anti-Cheat (EAC) on Linux, which is all the more reason to get excited. The news is yet to be published by EA, Valve, or Respawn Entertainment.
Material Shell has been updated recently with GNOME Shell 42 support, fixing some existing bugs.
Fans of the well-crafted cross between a tiled window manager and the modern GNOME Shell have reason to rejoice. The popular extension Material Shell has received support for the recently released GNOME 42.
The project is named Material Shell because it adheres to the Material Design guidelines, giving the applications an aesthetically pleasing interface.
However, this is not just a simple GNOME Shell extension. Material Shell completely changes the GNOME Shell user interface.
In JWM-mode icon-free-desktop, there are two extra menus in the tray, a drives menu and a containers menu.
I want the drives menu to popup automatically whenever there is some drive/partition activity, such as a USB-stick plugged in, or a partition unmounted. In Easy 3.4.5, this is achieved in script /usr/local/ui/jwm/popup-drives-menu. The script moves the mouse pointer over the drives-menu icon in the tray, then emulates a mouse middle-button click. This causes the drives menu to popup.
One of the more interesting projects to show up in the DistroWatch waiting list in recent months is dahliaOS. Unlike many of the projects we talk about here, dahliaOS is not focused on desktop or server work. It is also questionable, based on the project's description, whether it is entirely intended to be a Linux distribution.
EndeavourOS team releases the first ISO refresh of 2022 with its Apollo Release and it brings many improvements.
summary of the new changes and features of MX Linux 21.1 "Wildflower".
The MX development team has released MX-21.1 with Debian 11.3 as a base OS, and this is the first release after the EOL (END OF LIFE CYCLE) of Linux kernel 5.14, where you can find the 5.16 kernel in XFCE AHS editions.
Compared to other MX variants, you will still find the 5.10 Linux kernel to use in their mainline editions for the sake of stability. And this is the first release where you can test Debian 11 (Buster) without the systemd service.
Along with this rollout, they have improved system stability with a newer version of the preinstalled package. Out of the box, you will find the samba-config utility to configure SAMBA/CIFS user shares in a desktop-agnostic way.
Updated iso images
We are pleased to offer MX-21.1 for your use.
MX-21.1 is the first refresh of our MX-21 release, consisting of bugfixes, kernels, and application updates since our original release of MX-21. If you are already running MX-21, there is no need to reinstall. Packages are all available thru the regular update channel.
MX Linux ranks number one for popularity over on DistroWatch, but truth be told, I do not know anyone that uses the distribution regularly. Don't get me wrong, it is a fine operating system, but it really isn't anything special. Quite frankly, the distro's need to exist is questionable at this point, but whatever.
Despite the rather negative opening paragraph, I am pleased to tell you that the newest version of the operating system is ready to be downloaded. Huzzah! Given the codename "Wildflower," MX Linux 21.1 is a rather ho-hum point release. The developers share the changes below.
Finally, SolidRun’s LX2-Lite provides software and documentation for well known Linux operating systems such as Debian, Ubuntu as well as other Yocto developer operating systems.
SolidRun and NXP anticipates their SOMs to be used for data center networking applications, 5G ORAN applications and to ease the worldwide shift to SD-WAN network architectures.
Next week it’s going to be a year since Ingenuity made the first flight in an atmosphere of another planet. An atmosphere with about 1% of density of the one on Earth.
Something that sounded unlikely became a great success with 24 flights so far. To celebrate the occasion I revisited an older project of mine and used more appropriate footage shot by my friend VOPO at Fuertaventura, Canary Islands. I rendered some overlays of the Ingenuity model kindly provided by NASA.
10 segment LED bar allows to get visual indicators, usually to measure the filling status. These electronic items work easily with Raspberry PI Pico, enabling to switching on-off each led separately
In this tutorial I’m going to show you how to connect and use a 10 segment Led bar with Raspberry PI Pico, using MicroPython.
Raspberry Pi computers require a piece of non-free software to boot — the infamous raspi-firmware package. But for almost as long as there has been a Raspberry Pi to talk of (this year it turns 10 years old!), there have been efforts to get it to boot using only free software. How is it progressing?
Michael Bishop (IRC user clever) explained today in the #debian-raspberrypi channel in OFTC that it advances far better than what I expected: It is even possible to boot a usable system under the RPi2 family! Just ¦ There is somewhat incomplete hardware support: For his testing, he has managed to use a xfce environment — but over the composite (NTSC) video output, as HDMI initialization support is not there.
However, he shared with me several interesting links and videos, and I told him Iâ€Ã¢â¢d share them — there are still many issues; I do not believe it is currently worth it to make Debian images with this firmware.
Firefox 99 is out. The major change here is that the Linux sandbox has been strengthened to eliminate direct access to X11 (which is important because many of us do not live in the Wayland Wasteland). Note that the sandbox apparently doesn't work currently on ppc64le; this is something I intend to look at later when I'm done with the JIT unless someoneâ⢠gets to it first.
Unfortunately, Fx99 does not build from source on ppc64 or ppc64le and I was too busy on the JIT to do my usual smoke tests early. The offender is bug 1758610 but the patches do not apply cleanly to 99, so I have provided a consolidated diff for your convenience. You will also need a tweaked PGO-LTO patch; with those applied the .mozconfigs from Firefox 95 will work.
I have been participating in an annual work-internal project contest (we call it Pet Project contest) since I moved to London and switched jobs to my current employer. I am very happy to say that I won a "silver" prize last week here
Before that there was also WebOS, although I don't know too much about that. Back then you could still run a web browser on low-end hardware. I don't recall it having the "killer feature" idea of the above post of being able to sync the phone and desktop seamlessly, but it certainly had the web-based apps including dialer, calculator, calendar, etc. Heck I even wrote an HTML app for the phone to import my contacts from vCards. I still have my original Geeksphone Peak Firefox Phone, although the battery is quite swollen.
The problem with this idea is that the browser is a constantly moving target. Over the years the browser has become quite an inefficient way to build apps, although it has simultaneously become a popular way to build apps (see Electron). If you think Java is bloated and uses up too much RAM, try comparing the resource usage of a native app to the amount of RAM and CPU a comparable web-based app or Electron app uses! As a simple experiment, I compared VSCode (which many would consider lightweight-and-fast for an Electron app) with a python plugin, to [vim] + [CoC] + [python plugin], and the difference was huge in both startup time and memory usage - VSCode used around 500Mb more RAM for similar feature set and was much slower to start up.
The web has also become quite commercialized, where users are now consuming content mostly through the browser. This has in turn forced the browser to implement anti-features like DRM, because very few people will choose to use a browser that doesn't support Netflix, over one that does. This isn't necessarily a problem by itself, but as I found out, the DRM is a binary blob with very little incentive to optimize performance especially on niche platforms like the Raspberry Pi, or an Impractical phone. Just look at the state of web browsers on the fairly popular Raspberry Pi, and you'll see the problem: hardware acceleration constantly breaks and is not optimized (on a Pi 4, 360p video in the browser takes 50% CPu, but in mpv takes less than 5%), and services like F1TV or Netflix will force you to upgrade to the latest version of the brwoser (which may not even be available for the Pi). I am ranting a little because this weekend F1TV implemented DRM and I could no longer watch it on my Pi-connected TV.
It has been a while since I last posted about MiTubo, despite releasing a few new versions in the last months. But now I think that there is enough new stuff that's worth a mention here.
Initially MiTubo only came with a search feature that was using Yandex video as a backend; while that worked generally well, most of the returned results were not playable due to youtube-dl being unable to extract the video information from the returned web pages. So, now we have the option to search on YouTube, via the Invidious API; furthermore, it's also possible to search for channels, whose RSS feed can then be added as a subscription.
IAR Systems€®, the world leader of software and services for embedded development, today announced the latest version of the graphical modeling and code generation solution IAR Visual State. The new version introduces cross-platform host support that allows IAR Visual State to run on either Linux or Windows, enabling flexible and efficient development workflows based on state machines.
I recently worked on the Character Sheet Generator for Halberds and Helmets. I think most of that development happened back in 2015. I still use it, mostly to automatically generate a bunch of first level characters. The Monday Characters where generated like that. My idea was this: even if character generation is fast, it’s still not fast enough if we have less than two hours per session so people should just pick a character from the list. In order to ensure that the characters with below average stats are also picked, and to avoid the “click character generator link until you like the result” inclination, the setup was going to be as follows: I’d generate twenty characters and I’d only generate twenty more when all of the initial cohort had been picked by players. Since I’ve since been a player in the Barrowmaze dungeon, I’ve had to do just that and I’m happy with my hapless mages.
 One of the types of software that’s important for a web developer is the web framework. A framework “is a code library that makes a developer’s life easier when building reliable, scalable, and maintainable web applications” by providing reusable code or extensions for common operations. By saving development time, developers can concentrate on application logic rather than mundane elements.
A web framework offers the developer a choice about how to solve a specific problem. By using a framework, a developer lets the framework control portions of their application. While it’s perfectly possible to code a web application without using a framework, it’s more practical to use one.
Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, scripting, dynamic programming language. Its syntax has its roots in shell scripting tools, borrowing features from other languages including C, shell script (sh), AWK, and sed.
When you build curl, you have the option to build it with HTTP/3 support enabled. The HTTP/3 support in curl is still considered experimental so it is still not enabled by default.
The HTTP/3 support in curl depends on the presence and support from third party libraries. You need to select and enable a specific HTTP/3 backend when you build curl. It has previously been doing HTTP/3 using either quiche or ngtcp2 + nghttp3. Starting now, there is yet another option to consider: the msh3 library.
Sigh.
If you are not into electronic fiddling, overambitious ideas, overestimated skills and tools, and a continuous, if not annoying stream of whacky ideas, better stop reading now. You have been warned!
Some time after the beginning of the year 2000 I started fiddling with microcontrollers. PIC16F84 was my first adventure. An Atmel instance of the venerable 8051 my second. Assembly and C were my tools of choice. I then discovered Forth and the Renesas R8C controller. Then I changed jobs, and controllers. Atmel ATmega controllers came to my workbench to stay for a long time. I did not like msp430 much, I never got the hang of ARM M0 or M4 controllers. And when the first risc-v controllers came around I was tired.
So what to do with them fancy little machines? I settled on data acquisition quite soon, the environment being my main interest. Temperature is fairly easy as long as you have only one sensor. Once you switch to several, you find out soon, that proper calibration is not to be dismissed. Later you find out, that moisture will gnaw on your solder joints, connectors, parts. Measuring the distance to the water surface in a cistern using ultrasonic sensors sounds easy, however, at suspected 100% relative humidity (or more?) you sensor will slowly crumble. It's a mechanical device after all. For that very reason I didn't want any mechanical things like a float with chains to some count-the-links-contraption. You will find out, that for still unkown reasons said measurements drifts away some 1 cm equivalent only to disappear hours or days later for no apparent reason.
Josh and Kurt talk about hackers using emergency data requests to gain access to sensitive data. The argument that somehow backdoors can be protected falls under this problem. We don’t yet have the technical or policy protections in place to actually protect this data. We also explain why this zlib issue got a 2018 CVE ID in 2022.
A friend of mine bought a laundry machine with a tumble dry function recently. It has several different programs and even admits a cheerful melody after it's done.
And it has a WiFi network chip. Because... reasons? I have a dishwasher, a laundry machine, a tumble drier, a toaster, and more. None of them have ever had the ability to connect to the internet. Nor have I ever found a need for them to be. I mean, they do their respective jobs already.
Internet of Things is a big trend these days, and there is no end to the problems it's caused for users of these items. From TVs deciding to take their time to update in the middle of Super Bowl to ovens being bricked because a server went offline.
T-Mobile Home Internet has been getting worse in my area, to the point it was intolerable. I finally applied for the Affordable Community Broadband program and was approved.
The ACB credit qualified me for free 60 Mbps down / 11 Mbps up on Comcast, and free is good, so I ditched the T-Mobile.
The T-Mobile Home Internet Nokia modem is absolute garbage. It could almost never reliably lock on to a 5G signal, and when it could, it usually didn’t even perform at the minimum speed that they guarantee in an area. They say they won’t sell service in an area unless you can get 25 Mbps, but routinely I was left with half or two thirds of that, and that was in between modem crashes. Sometimes six or seven per day.
I finally realized why it would crash so much. It’s because the thing is so full of bugs and they roll out new firmware constantly and it’s never any better than it was before, but also this modem is a portable space heater and eventually it will just fry itself. Before it konks out totally, it will just become unstable because of heat buildup, so you have to set it on top of a fan just so it won’t crash so much.
Antibodies may be defined in a patent claim by their amino acid sequence, by their target (epitope) and/or their functional characteristics. Functional and epitope antibody claims can capture a whole class ("genus") of antibody therapeutics, whereas sequence claim language captures a far narrower field molecules. A recent Board of Appeal decision confirmed that genus antibody claims are not only allowable, but when put to the test, can survive appeal (T 1964/18).
I am outraged. What Save Our Standards, a "coalition" formed last fall, has recently employed is by far the most disingenuous lobbying and campaigning tactic ever in the context of standard-essential patents (SEPs). It's an utter disgrace, brutally unethical and shockingly incompetent at the same time. The companies who funded that particular effort--mostly Big Tech, but also automotive industry players--should be ashamed. Very ashamed.
In an infomercial, they presented a small contract development firm from Alabama as an example of a small business that allegedly has reasons to worry about standard-essential patent (SEP) abuse. But the facts are 100% clear. It's all a lie. A damn lie, just for political again. Deceptive lobbying at its worst. The truth of the whole matter is that the company in question never had to license a single SEP--and not even the customer for which it developed the only existing app mentioned in the infomercial incurred the slightest risk related to SEPs. One just needs to understand the basics of U.S. patent law to understand why, and I'll explain it further below based on a transcript of that Save Our Standards infomercial. If you want to skip the other explanations and go straight to the most absurd part of that infomercial, click here.
With their small-business lie they're trying to get other small businesses to sign up for a newsletter (presumably so they can subsequently make some of them "members" and argue that their agenda is not just about Big Tech and car makers' interests' in devaluing SEPs). They even try to fool the DOJ, USPTO, and NIST into believing there's a small-business concern here.
The district court narrowly construed Littelfuse’s U.S. Patent No. 9,564,281–leading to an admission of non-infringement. On appeal, the Federal Circuit has vacated and remanded–finding that the proper construction provides a broader scope.
[...]
On remand: The patent discloses a multi-part cap with a stem; and a unitary cap without a stem. The accused product is apparently a merger of these two – a unitary cap with a stem. The Federal Circuit has ruled here that the claims extend that far. On remand, the district court may consider whether the full extent of this expanded claim scope is supported under the written description and enablement requirements of 112(a).
Last year The IPKat reported on a new referral to the Court of Justice of European Union (CJEU) from Luxembourg’s Tribunal d’arrondissement, asking whether the operator of a hybrid marketplace could be considered directly liable for trade mark infringement due to the presence of third-party listings of infringing goods on its platform.
That referral (C-148/21) has now been joined to another one (C-184/21) made in separate but highly similar proceedings pending between the same parties (Louboutin and Amazon) before the Tribunal de l’entreprise francophone de Bruxelles.
The England and Wales High Court found ‘compelling evidence’ that ‘Shape of You’ did not infringe a songwriter’s earlier work
